Demographic and Health Survey 2000-2001
Uganda, 2000 - 2001
Get MicrodataIdentification
UGA_2000_DHS_v01_M
Demographic and Health Survey 2000-2001
| Name | Country code |
|---|---|
| Uganda | UGA |
Demographic and Health Survey (standard) - DHS IV
The Uganda Demographic and Health Survey 2000-2001 UDHS-III is the third survey of its kind to be conducted in Uganda (1st 1988, 2nd in 1995).
The 2000-2001 Uganda Demographic and Health Survey (UDHS) is a nationally representative survey of 7,246 women age 15-49 and 1,962 men age 15-54. The main purpose of the 2000-2001 UDHS is to provide policy-makers and programme managers with detailed information on fertility; family planning; childhood and adult mortality; maternal and child health and nutrition; and knowledge of, attitudes about, and practices related to HIV/AIDS. The 2000-2001 UDHS is the third national sample survey of its kind to be undertaken in Uganda. The first survey was implemented in 1988-1989 and was followed by the 1995 UDHS. Caution needs to be exercised when analysing trends using the three UDHS data sets because of some differences in geographic coverage.
The 2000-2001 Uganda Demographic and Health Survey (UDHS) was designed to provide information on demographic, health, and family planning status and trends in the country. Specifically, the UDHS collected information on fertility levels, marriage, sexual activity, fertility preferences, awareness and use of family planning methods, and breastfeeding practices. In addition, data were collected on the nutritional status of mothers and young children; infant, child, adult, and maternal mortality; maternal and child health; awareness and behaviour regarding HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections; and levels of haemoglobin and vitamin A in the blood.
The 2000-2001 UDHS is a follow-up to the 1988-1989 and 1995 UDHS surveys, which were also implemented by the Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS, previously the Department of Statistics). The 2000-2001 UDHS is significantly expanded in scope but also provides updated estimates of basic demographic and health indicators covered in the earlier surveys.
The specific objectives of the 2000-2001 UDHS are as follows:
- To collect data at the national level that will allow the calculation of demographic rates, particularly the fertility and infant mortality rates
- To analyse the direct and indirect factors that determine the level and trends in fertility and mortality
- To measure the level of contraceptive knowledge and practice of women and men by method, by urban-rural residence, and by region
- To collect data on knowledge and attitudes of women and men about sexually transmitted infections and HIV/AIDS, and to evaluate patterns of recent behaviour regarding condom use
- To assess the nutritional status of children under age five and women by means of anthropometric measurements (weight and height), and to assess child feeding practices
- To collect data on family health, including immunisations, prevalence and treatment of diarrhoea and other diseases among children under five, antenatal visits, assistance at delivery, and breastfeeding
- To measure levels of haemoglobin and vitamin A in the blood of women and children
- To collect information on the extent of child labour.
Sample survey data
- Household
- Women age 15-49
- Men age 15-54
- Children under five
Scope
The Uganda Demographic and Health Survey 2000 covers the following topics:
- Anemia Questions–Questions or testing assessing prevalence/severity of iron-def. anemia among women or children
- Anemia Testing
- Anthropometry
- Birth Registration
- Child Labor
- Early Childhood Education
- GPS/Georeferenced–Global Positioning System or Georeferenced Data
- HIV Behavior
- HIV Knowledge–Questions assess knowledge/sources of knowledge/ways to avoid HIV
- Iodine salt test
- Malaria/Bednet Questions
- Maternal Mortality
- Men's Survey
- TB Questions
- Vitamin A Questions
- Vitamin A Testing
- Women's Status–Questions: women's autonomy (household decisionmaking/free movement/access money) & Dom. violence
Coverage
The 2000-2001 Uganda Demographic and Health Survey (UDHS) is a nationally representative survey. But it was not possible to cover all 45 districts in the country because of security problems in a few areas. The survey was hence limited to 41 out of the then 45 districts in the country, excluding the districts of Kasese and Bundibugyo in the Western Region and Gulu and Kitgum in the Northern Region. These districts cover approximately 5 percent of the total population.
The population covered by the 2000 UDHS is defined as the universe of all women age 15-49 in Uganda and all men age 15-54.
Producers and sponsors
| Name |
|---|
| Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS) |
| Name | Role |
|---|---|
| ORC Macro | Technical assistance |
| Name | Role |
|---|---|
| U.S. Agency for International Development | Funding |
| UK Department for International Development | Funding |
| United Nations Children's Fund | Funding |
| United Nations Population Fund | Funding |
Sampling
The sample was drawn through a two-stage design. The first-stage sample frame for this survey is the list of enumeration areas (EAs) compiled from the 1991 Population Census. In this frame, the EAs are grouped by parish within a subcounty, by subcounty within a county, and by county within a district. A total of 298 EAs (102 in urban areas and 196 in rural areas) were selected. Urban areas and districts included in the Delivery of Improved Services for Health (DISH) project and the Community Reproductive Health Project (CREHP) were oversampled in order to produce estimates for these segments of the population.
Within each selected EA, a complete household listing was done to provide the basis for the second-stage sampling. The number of households to be selected in each sampled EA was allocated proportionally to the number of households in the EA.
It was not possible to cover all districts in the country because of security problems in a few areas. The survey was hence limited to 41 out of the then 45 districts in the country,1 excluding the districts of Kasese and Bundibugyo in the Western Region and Gulu and Kitgum in the Northern Region. These districts cover approximately 5 percent of the total population.
The sample for the 2000-2001 UDHS was aimed at providing reliable estimates of important indicators for the population of Uganda at the national level (less the excluded districts), for urban and rural areas, and for each of the four regions in Uganda defined as:
- Central: Kalangala, Kampala, Kiboga, Luwero, Masaka, Mpigi, Mubende, Mukono, Sembabule, Nakasongola, and Rakai
- Eastern: Bugiri, Busia, Iganga, Jinja, Kamuli, Kapchorwa, Katakwi, Kumi, Mbale, Pallisa, Soroti, and Tororo
- Northern: Adjumani, Apac, Arua, Kotido, Lira, Moyo, Moroto, and Nebbi
- Western: Bushenyi, Hoima, Kabale, Kabarole, Kibaale, Kisoro, Masindi, Mbarara, Ntungamo, and Rukungiri.
The sample was also designed to generate estimates of contraceptive prevalence rates for the districts in the DISH project funded by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) and districts in the CREHP project. These districts are grouped in six subdomains, namely, the following:
- Group I: Mbarara and Ntungamo
- Group II: Masaka, Rakai, and Sembabule
- Group III: Luwero, Masindi, and Nakasongola
- Group IV: Jinja and Kamuli
- Group V: Kampala
CREHP districts:
DISH districts: Kabale, Kisoro, and Rukungiri.
In each group, a minimum of 500 completed interviews with women was targeted to allow for separate estimates. Consequently, data for Kampala District can be presented separately because it has more than the specified minimum number of completed interviews.
The 2000-2001 UDHS covered the same EAs as were covered by the 1995 UDHS. However, a new list of households within the EA was compiled and the sample households were not necessarily the same as those selected in 1995. In the case of the CREHP districts (Kabale, Kisoro and Rukungiri), five extra EAs were selected to generate a sample size sufficient to allow independent estimates. Because the 1995 and 2000-2001 UDHS did not cover the same geographical areas, the two surveys are not exactly comparable.
Details of the UDHS sample design are provided in Appendix A and estimations of sampling errors are included in Appendix B of the Final report.
A total of 8,792 households were selected in the sample, of which 8,234 were occupied. The short fall was largely due to structures that were found to be vacant. Of the existing households, 7,885 were successfully interviewed, yielding a household response rate of 96 percent.
In the successfully interviewed households, 7,717 women were identified for the individual interview, and of these, 7,246 were successfully interviewed, yielding a response rate of 94 percent. In a subsample of households, 2,306 eligible men were identified for the individual interview, of which 1,962 were successfully interviewed, yielding a response rate of 85 percent. The overall response rates for women and men were 90 percent and 82 percent, respectively. Rural response rates were higher than urban rates. The principal reason for nonresponse among both eligible men and women was the failure to find them at home despite repeated visits to the household. The lower response rate for men was due to their more frequent and longer absence from the household. The refusal rate in the 2000-2001 UDHS was slightly more than 1 percent each for women and men.
Survey instrument
Three questionnaires were used for the 2000-2001 UDHS, namely, a) the Household Questionnaire, b) the Women's Questionnaire, and c) the Men's Questionnaire. The contents of these questionnaires were based on the MEASURE DHS+ Model “B” Questionnaire, which was developed for use in countries with a low level of contraceptive use. In consultation with technical institutions and local organisations, UBOS modified these questionnaires to reflect relevant issues in population, family planning, and other health issues in Uganda. The revised questionnaires were translated from English into six major languages, namely, Ateso, Luganda, Lugbara, Luo, Runyankole/Rukiga, and Runyoro/Rutoro.
The questionnaires were pretested prior to their finalisation. The pretest training took place from June 14 to July 8, 2000. For this exercise, seven women and seven men were trained to be interviewers, forming seven teams of one woman and one man each. Each team was assigned to test the questionnaires in one of the seven language groups (including English) into which the questionnaires had been translated. Three nurses were recruited to participate in the anemia testing exercise as health technicians. The pretest fieldwork was conducted during a one-week period (July 10-16, 2000).
a) The Household Questionnaire was used to list all the usual members and visitors in selected households. Some basic information was collected on the characteristics of each person listed, including his or her age, sex, education, and relationship to the head of the household. The main purpose of the Household Questionnaire was to identify women and men who were eligible for the individual interview. In addition, the Household Questionnaire collected information on characteristics of the household's dwelling unit, such as the source of water, type of toilet facilities, materials used for the floor of the house, and ownership of various durable goods. It also included questions that were designed to assess the extent of child labour and that were used to record the height and weight and the hemoglobin level of women 15-49 and children under the age of five. In households selected for the male survey, the hemoglobin level of men eligible for the individual interview was also recorded.
b) The Women's Questionnaire was used to collect information from all women age 15-49. These women were asked questions on topics related to their background, childbearing experience and preferences, marriage and sexual activity, employment, maternal and child care, and awareness and behaviour regarding AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Information necessary for the calculation of adult mortality including maternal mortality was also included in the Women's Questionnaire.
c) The Men's Questionnaire was administered to all men age 15-54 living in every third household in the UDHS sample. The Men's Questionnaire collected much of the same information found in the Women's Questionnaire but was shorter because it did not contain questions on reproductive history, maternal and child health, nutrition, and maternal mortality.
The decision to include vitamin A testing was made rather late in the survey design process. As a result, ORC Macro and UBOS staff organized a special pretest of the vitamin A testing procedures shortly before the main training for the survey. Although there were some concerns about response rates, the pretest indicated that it was feasible to incorporate vitamin A testing into the UDHS. Therefore, ORC Macro staff and UBOS staff and consultants proceeded to develop a special set of training materials for the vitamin A testing.
Data collection
| Start | End |
|---|---|
| 2000-09 | 2001-03 |
| Name |
|---|
| Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS) |
| ORC Macro |
Seven staff members from UBOS coordinated and supervised fieldwork activities. ORC Macro participated in field supervision for interviews and measurements. Two additional persons were hired to supervise the collection of blood samples for vitamin A testing.
A total of 70 interview staff (52 women and 18 men) was trained over a three-week period from August 23, 2000 to September 16, 2000. The trainers included the UBOS staff, guest lecturers, and consultants from ORC Macro. The training was conducted following the DHS training procedures, including class presentations, mock interviews, field practice, and tests. All of the participants were trained using the Household and Women's Questionnaires. After training on the Women's Questionnaire was completed, the male participants were trained separately in conducting an interview using the Men's Questionnaire. The training included practice interviews using the questionnaire in English and the participant's local language.
A separate training was conducted for the 13 medical personnel who were designated as the team health technicians. This included training on parts of the Household Questionnaire that pertained to their tasks, taking blood samples from the subjects, using the HemoCue machine, and storing dry blood spots (DBS) samples.
A one-day joint training session was conducted for all the field staff in taking the height and weight measurements of women and children. The interviewing team members were trained in anthropometric measurements so that in case the need arose, they could be called upon to assist the team's health technician in performing these tasks.
Eleven interviewing teams carried out data collection for the 2000-2001 UDHS. Each team consisted of one team supervisor, one field editor, one health technician, three or four female interviewers, one male interviewer, and one driver. The actual data collection took place over a five-month period, from September 28, 2000 to March 3, 2001.
Data processing
All questionnaires for the UDHS were returned to the UBOS offices in Entebbe for data processing, which consisted of office editing, coding of open-ended questions, data entry, and editing computer-identified errors. A team of eight data entry clerks, an office editor, and two data entry supervisors processed the data. Data entry and editing started on October 19, 2000.
In January 2001, when it was noted that the data processing pace was lagging behind data collection, another shift was added to the data processing team. The evening shift was also composed of eight people (working four hours per day). In addition, both shifts worked for four hours each on Saturdays.
Data Access
| Name | Affiliation | URL | |
|---|---|---|---|
| MEASURE DHS | ICF International | www.measuredhs.com | archive@measuredhs.com |
Use of the dataset must be acknowledged using a citation which would include:
- the Identification of the Primary Investigator
- the title of the survey (including country, acronym and year of implementation)
- the survey reference number
- the source and date of download
Disclaimer and copyrights
The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses.
Contacts
| Name | URL | |
|---|---|---|
| General Inquiries | info@measuredhs.com | www.measuredhs.com |
| Data and Data Related Resources | archive@measuredhs.com | www.measuredhs.com |
| Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS) | ubos@ubos.org | http://www.ubos.org/ |