Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2011
Vietnam, 2010 - 2011
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Identification
Survey ID Number
VNM_2011_MICS_v01_M
Title
Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2011
Country
| Name | Country code |
|---|---|
| Vietnam | VNM |
Study type
Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey - Round 4 [hh/mics-4]
Series Information
The Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey, Round 4 (MICS4) is the forth round of MICS surveys, previously conducted around 1995 (MICS1), 2000 (MICS2), and 2005-2007 (MICS3). MICS was originally developed to support countries measure progress towards an internationally agreed set of goals that emerged from the 1990 World Summit for Children.
The fourth round of Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS4) is scheduled for 2009-2011 and survey results are expected to be available from 2010 onwards. MICS4 data allow countries to better monitor progress toward national goals and global commitments, including the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) as the target year 2015 approaches.
Information on more than 20 of the MDG indicators is being collected through MICS4, offering one of the largest single sources of data for MDG monitoring. MICS4 continues to address emerging issues and new areas of interest, with validated, standard methodologies in collecting relevant data. It also helps countries capture rapid changes in key indicators.
The fourth round of Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS4) is scheduled for 2009-2011 and survey results are expected to be available from 2010 onwards. MICS4 data allow countries to better monitor progress toward national goals and global commitments, including the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) as the target year 2015 approaches.
Information on more than 20 of the MDG indicators is being collected through MICS4, offering one of the largest single sources of data for MDG monitoring. MICS4 continues to address emerging issues and new areas of interest, with validated, standard methodologies in collecting relevant data. It also helps countries capture rapid changes in key indicators.
Abstract
The Vietnam Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS 2011) was conducted from December 2010 to January 2011 by the General Statistics Office of Vietnam, in collaboration with the Ministry of Health (MOH) and the Ministry of Labour, Invalids and Social Affairs (MOLISA). Financial and technical support for the survey was provided by the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF). Financial support was also provided by the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) in Vietnam.
MICS 2011 gives valuable information and the latest evidence on the situation of children and women in Vietnam, updating information from the previous 2006 Vietnam MICS survey as well as earlier data collected in the first two MICS rounds carried out in 1996 and 2000.
The survey presents data from an equity perspective by indicating disparities by sex, region, area, ethnicity, living standards and other characteristics. MICS 2011 is based on a sample of 11,614 households interviewed and provides a comprehensive picture of children and women in Vietnam's six regions.
MICS 2011 gives valuable information and the latest evidence on the situation of children and women in Vietnam, updating information from the previous 2006 Vietnam MICS survey as well as earlier data collected in the first two MICS rounds carried out in 1996 and 2000.
The survey presents data from an equity perspective by indicating disparities by sex, region, area, ethnicity, living standards and other characteristics. MICS 2011 is based on a sample of 11,614 households interviewed and provides a comprehensive picture of children and women in Vietnam's six regions.
Kind of Data
Sample survey data [ssd]
Unit of Analysis
- individuals,
- households.
- households.
Version
Version Description
- v01: Edited, anonymous datasets for public distribution.
Scope
Notes
The scope of the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey includes:
- Household: household listing form, education, water and sanitation, household characteristics, insecticide treated bednets, indoor residual spraying, child labour, child discipline, handwashing and salt Iodisation.
- Women: woman's background, child mortality, desire for last birth, maternal and newborn health, illness symptoms, contraception, unmet need, attitudes toward domestic violence, marriage/union, sexual behavior and HIV/AIDS.
- Children: child's age, birth registration, early childhood development, breastfeeding, care of illness, malaria, immunization and anthropometry.
- Household: household listing form, education, water and sanitation, household characteristics, insecticide treated bednets, indoor residual spraying, child labour, child discipline, handwashing and salt Iodisation.
- Women: woman's background, child mortality, desire for last birth, maternal and newborn health, illness symptoms, contraception, unmet need, attitudes toward domestic violence, marriage/union, sexual behavior and HIV/AIDS.
- Children: child's age, birth registration, early childhood development, breastfeeding, care of illness, malaria, immunization and anthropometry.
Coverage
Geographic Coverage
National
Universe
The survey covered all de jure household members (usual residents), all women aged between 15-49 years, all children under 5 living in the household.
Producers and sponsors
Primary investigators
| Name |
|---|
| United Nations Children’s Fund |
| General Statistics Office of Vietnam |
| United Nations Population Fund |
Producers
| Name | Role |
|---|---|
| Ministry of Health | Survey implementation |
| Ministry of Labour, Invalids and Social Affairs | Survey implementation |
| National Steering Committee | Technical supervision |
Funding Agency/Sponsor
| Name | Abbreviation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| United Nations Children’s Fund | UNICEF | Financial and technical support |
| United Nations Population Fund | UNFPA | Financial support |
Other Identifications/Acknowledgments
| Name | Role |
|---|---|
| Ministry of Education and Training | Advice and comments |
| United Nations Development Programme | Advice and comments |
| United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization | Advice and comments |
| International Labour Organization | Advice and comments |
| World Health Organization | Advice and comments |
Sampling
Sampling Procedure
The primary objective of the sample design for the Vietnam MICS 2011 was to produce statistically reliable estimates of most indicators, at the national level, for urban and rural areas, and for the six regions of Vietnam: Red River Delta, Northern Midlands and Mountainous areas, North Central area and Central Coastal area, Central Highlands, South East and Mekong River Delta. Urban and rural areas in each of the six regions were designated as the sampling strata.
A multi-stage, stratified cluster sampling approach was used for the selection of the survey sample.
The target sample size for the Vietnam MICS 2011 was calculated as 12,000 households. For the calculation of the sample size, the key indicator used was the underweight prevalence among children aged 0-4 years.
The resulting number of households from this exercise was 2,050 households which is the sample size needed in each region - thus yielding about 12,000 in total. The average number of households selected per cluster for the Vietnam MICS 2011 was determined as 20 households, based on a number of considerations, including the design effect, the budget available, and the time that would be needed per team to complete one cluster. Dividing the total number of households by the number of sample households per cluster, it was calculated that 100 sample clusters would need to be selected in each region.
Equal allocation of the total sample size to the six regions was used. Therefore, 100 clusters were allocated to each region, with the final sample size calculated at 12,000 households (100 clusters * 6 regions * 20 sample households per cluster). In each region, the clusters (primary sampling units) were distributed to urban and rural domains, proportional to the size of urban and rural populations in that region.
The sampling procedures are more fully described in "Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2011 - Final Report" pp.215-218.
A multi-stage, stratified cluster sampling approach was used for the selection of the survey sample.
The target sample size for the Vietnam MICS 2011 was calculated as 12,000 households. For the calculation of the sample size, the key indicator used was the underweight prevalence among children aged 0-4 years.
The resulting number of households from this exercise was 2,050 households which is the sample size needed in each region - thus yielding about 12,000 in total. The average number of households selected per cluster for the Vietnam MICS 2011 was determined as 20 households, based on a number of considerations, including the design effect, the budget available, and the time that would be needed per team to complete one cluster. Dividing the total number of households by the number of sample households per cluster, it was calculated that 100 sample clusters would need to be selected in each region.
Equal allocation of the total sample size to the six regions was used. Therefore, 100 clusters were allocated to each region, with the final sample size calculated at 12,000 households (100 clusters * 6 regions * 20 sample households per cluster). In each region, the clusters (primary sampling units) were distributed to urban and rural domains, proportional to the size of urban and rural populations in that region.
The sampling procedures are more fully described in "Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2011 - Final Report" pp.215-218.
Response Rate
Of the 12,000 households selected for the sample, 11,642 were present at the time of the survey. Of these, 11,614 successfully completed the interview, resulting in a household response rate of 99.8 percent. In the interviewed households, 12,115 women (aged 15-49 years) were identified. Of these, 11,663 completed the interview, yielding a response rate of 96.3 percent compared to eligible respondents in interviewed households. In addition, 3,729 children under 5 years were listed in the household questionnaire. Questionnaires were completed for 3,678 of these children, which corresponds to a response rate of 98.6 percent within interviewed households. The overall response rates (household response rate times the woman and child response rates within households) were 96 and 98.4 percent for the survey of women and of children under 5 years of age, respectively.
Weighting
Sample weights were calculated and these were used in the subsequent analyses of the survey data.
The sample weight calculation was performed on the basis of strata.
The major component of the weight is the reciprocal value of the sampling fraction employed in selecting the number of sample households in a particular sampling stratum, from certain Primary Sampling Unit (PSU) within certain category. The sampling fraction is the product of the probabilities of selection at every stage in each sampling stratum.
A second component in the calculation of sample weights takes into account the level of non-response for the household and individual interviews. The adjustment for household non-response is equal to the inverse value of: RRh = Number of interviewed households in stratum h/ Number of occupied households listed in stratum h
The non-response adjustment factors for women's and children under five questionnaires are applied to the adjusted household weights. Numbers of eligible women and children under 5 years of age were obtained from the roster of household members in the Household Questionnaire for households where interviews were completed.
The design weights for the households were calculated by multiplying the above factors for each enumeration area. These weights were then standardized (or normalized), one purpose of which is to make the weighted sum of the interviewed sample units equal to the total sample size at the national level. Normalization is performed by dividing the aforementioned design weights by the average design weight at the national level. The average design weight is calculated as the sum of the design weights divided by the unweighted total. A similar standardization procedure was followed in obtaining standardized weights for the woman and children under-five questionnaires. Adjusted (normalized) weights varied between 0.081396 and 3.072818 in the 600 sample enumeration areas (clusters).
The sample weight calculation was performed on the basis of strata.
The major component of the weight is the reciprocal value of the sampling fraction employed in selecting the number of sample households in a particular sampling stratum, from certain Primary Sampling Unit (PSU) within certain category. The sampling fraction is the product of the probabilities of selection at every stage in each sampling stratum.
A second component in the calculation of sample weights takes into account the level of non-response for the household and individual interviews. The adjustment for household non-response is equal to the inverse value of: RRh = Number of interviewed households in stratum h/ Number of occupied households listed in stratum h
The non-response adjustment factors for women's and children under five questionnaires are applied to the adjusted household weights. Numbers of eligible women and children under 5 years of age were obtained from the roster of household members in the Household Questionnaire for households where interviews were completed.
The design weights for the households were calculated by multiplying the above factors for each enumeration area. These weights were then standardized (or normalized), one purpose of which is to make the weighted sum of the interviewed sample units equal to the total sample size at the national level. Normalization is performed by dividing the aforementioned design weights by the average design weight at the national level. The average design weight is calculated as the sum of the design weights divided by the unweighted total. A similar standardization procedure was followed in obtaining standardized weights for the woman and children under-five questionnaires. Adjusted (normalized) weights varied between 0.081396 and 3.072818 in the 600 sample enumeration areas (clusters).
Data Collection
Dates of Data Collection
| Start | End |
|---|---|
| 2010-10-29 | 2011-01-26 |
Data Collection Mode
Face-to-face [f2f]
Supervision
There is one team leader acting as a supovisor for each of the 30 survey teams in the field.
Fieldwork monitoring was conducted at three levels to ensure quality and allow timely corrective action as necessary, notably: supervision by GSO, UNICEF and UNFPA, technical supervision from the National Steering Committee, and supervision by the team leaders. Supervisors are experts with technical knowledge who are able to take corrective action and resolve emerging issues that arise during the fieldwork.
Fieldwork monitoring was conducted at three levels to ensure quality and allow timely corrective action as necessary, notably: supervision by GSO, UNICEF and UNFPA, technical supervision from the National Steering Committee, and supervision by the team leaders. Supervisors are experts with technical knowledge who are able to take corrective action and resolve emerging issues that arise during the fieldwork.
Data Collection Notes
General Statistics Office of Vietnam conducted two training courses for interviewers, measurers, field data editors, team leaders and supervisors. About 250 field workers participated. One training was conducted in Can Tho city for the participants from the Southern provinces, and another in Hanoi for those from the Northern provinces. Each training course lasted 14 days: the Can Tho training was conducted from 25 October to 7 November 2010 and the Hanoi training from 8 November to 21 November 2010. The training included sessions on interviewing techniques and the contents of the questionnaires, and mock interviews between trainees to gain practice in asking questions. Towards the end of the training period, trainees spent two days in practice, interviewing, taking anthropometric measurements, editing and supervising. Before the field practice (pilot-test) the trainees spent one day practicing anthropometric measurements in a kindergarten.
Some 180 persons were selected for the fieldwork. They were grouped into 30 survey teams, each comprised of three interviewers, one measurer, one field data editor and one team leader acting as a supervisor. Fieldwork began on 29 November 2010 and was concluded on 26 January 2011.
Some 180 persons were selected for the fieldwork. They were grouped into 30 survey teams, each comprised of three interviewers, one measurer, one field data editor and one team leader acting as a supervisor. Fieldwork began on 29 November 2010 and was concluded on 26 January 2011.
Data Collectors
| Name | Abbreviation |
|---|---|
| General Statistics Office of Vietnam | GSO |
Questionnaires
Questionnaires
The questionnaires for the Generic MICS were structured questionnaires based on the MICS4 model questionnaire with some modifications and additions. Household questionnaires were administered to a knowledgeable adult living in the household. The household questionnaire includes household listing form, education, water and sanitation, household characteristics, insecticide treated bednets, indoor residual spraying, child labour, child discipline, handwashing and salt Iodisation.
In addition to a household questionnaire, questionnaires were administered in each household for women age 15-49 and children under age five. The questionnaire for children under 5 years of age was administered to mothers or caregivers of all children under 5 years of age living in the households.
The women's questionnaire includes woman's background, child mortality, desire for last birth, maternal and newborn health, illness symptoms, contraception, unmet need, attitudes toward domestic violence, marriage/union, sexual behavior and HIV/AIDS.
The children's questionnaire includes child's age, birth registration, early childhood development, breastfeeding, care of illness, malaria, immunization and anthropometry.
In addition to a household questionnaire, questionnaires were administered in each household for women age 15-49 and children under age five. The questionnaire for children under 5 years of age was administered to mothers or caregivers of all children under 5 years of age living in the households.
The women's questionnaire includes woman's background, child mortality, desire for last birth, maternal and newborn health, illness symptoms, contraception, unmet need, attitudes toward domestic violence, marriage/union, sexual behavior and HIV/AIDS.
The children's questionnaire includes child's age, birth registration, early childhood development, breastfeeding, care of illness, malaria, immunization and anthropometry.
Data Processing
Data Editing
Data were entered using CSPro software on eight small computers. Ten operators working in shifts performed data entry under supervision of two data entry supervisors. In order to ensure quality control, all questionnaires were double entered and internal consistency checks were performed. Procedures and standard programs developed under the global MICS 4 programme and adapted to the Viet Nam questionnaire were used throughout. Data processing began on 27 December 2010 and was completed on 21 March 2011. Data were analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software program, Version 19. The model syntax and tabulation plans developed by UNICEF were used for this purpose.
Data Appraisal
Estimates of Sampling Error
Sampling errors are a measure of the variability between the estimates from all possible samples. The extent of variability is not known exactly, but can be estimated statistically from the survey data.
The following sampling error measures are presented in this appendix for each of the selected indicators:
- Standard error (se): Sampling errors are usually measured in terms of standard errors for particular indicators (means, proportions etc). Standard error is the square root of the variance of the estimate. The Taylor linearization method is used for the estimation of standard errors.
- Coefficient of variation (se/r) is the ratio of the standard error to the value of the indicator, and is a measure of the relative sampling error.
- Design effect (deff) is the ratio of the actual variance of an indicator, under the sampling method used in the survey, to the variance calculated under the assumption of simple random sampling. The square root of the design effect (deft) is used to show the efficiency of the sample design in relation to the precision. A deft value of 1.0 indicates that the sample design is as efficient as a simple random sample, while a deft value above 1.0 indicates the increase in the standard error due to the use of a more complex sample design.
- Confidence limits are calculated to show the interval within which the true value for the population can be reasonably assumed to fall, with a specified level of confidence. For any given statistic calculated from the survey, the value of that statistic will fall within a range of plus or minus two times the standard error (r + 2.se or r – 2.se) of the statistic in 95 percent of all possible samples of identical size and design.
For the calculation of sampling errors from MICS data, SPSS Version 18 Complex Samples module has been used. The results are shown in the tables that follow. In addition to the sampling error measures described above, the tables also include weighted and unweighted counts of denominators for each indicator.
Sampling errors are calculated for indicators of primary interest, for the national level, for the regions, and for urban and rural areas. Three of the selected indicators are based on households, 8 are based on household members, 13 are based on women, and 15 are based on children under 5. All indicators presented here are in the form of proportions.
The following sampling error measures are presented in this appendix for each of the selected indicators:
- Standard error (se): Sampling errors are usually measured in terms of standard errors for particular indicators (means, proportions etc). Standard error is the square root of the variance of the estimate. The Taylor linearization method is used for the estimation of standard errors.
- Coefficient of variation (se/r) is the ratio of the standard error to the value of the indicator, and is a measure of the relative sampling error.
- Design effect (deff) is the ratio of the actual variance of an indicator, under the sampling method used in the survey, to the variance calculated under the assumption of simple random sampling. The square root of the design effect (deft) is used to show the efficiency of the sample design in relation to the precision. A deft value of 1.0 indicates that the sample design is as efficient as a simple random sample, while a deft value above 1.0 indicates the increase in the standard error due to the use of a more complex sample design.
- Confidence limits are calculated to show the interval within which the true value for the population can be reasonably assumed to fall, with a specified level of confidence. For any given statistic calculated from the survey, the value of that statistic will fall within a range of plus or minus two times the standard error (r + 2.se or r – 2.se) of the statistic in 95 percent of all possible samples of identical size and design.
For the calculation of sampling errors from MICS data, SPSS Version 18 Complex Samples module has been used. The results are shown in the tables that follow. In addition to the sampling error measures described above, the tables also include weighted and unweighted counts of denominators for each indicator.
Sampling errors are calculated for indicators of primary interest, for the national level, for the regions, and for urban and rural areas. Three of the selected indicators are based on households, 8 are based on household members, 13 are based on women, and 15 are based on children under 5. All indicators presented here are in the form of proportions.
Data Appraisal
A series of data quality tables are available to review the quality of the data and include the following:
- Age distribution of the household population
- Age distribution of eligible and interviewed women
- Age distribution of children under 5 in household and children under 5 questionnaires
- Completeness of reporting
- Completeness of information for anthropometric indicators
- Heaping in anthropometric measurements
- Observation of bednets places for hand washing
- Observation of women's health cards
- Observation of children under 5 birth certificates
- Observation of vaccination cards
- Presence of mother in the household and the person interviewed for the under-5 questionnaire
- Selection of children age 2-14 years for the child discipline module
- School attendance by single age
- Sex ratio at birth among children ever born and living
The results of each of these data quality tables are shown in appendix D in document "Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2011 - Final Report" pp.253-268.
- Age distribution of the household population
- Age distribution of eligible and interviewed women
- Age distribution of children under 5 in household and children under 5 questionnaires
- Completeness of reporting
- Completeness of information for anthropometric indicators
- Heaping in anthropometric measurements
- Observation of bednets places for hand washing
- Observation of women's health cards
- Observation of children under 5 birth certificates
- Observation of vaccination cards
- Presence of mother in the household and the person interviewed for the under-5 questionnaire
- Selection of children age 2-14 years for the child discipline module
- School attendance by single age
- Sex ratio at birth among children ever born and living
The results of each of these data quality tables are shown in appendix D in document "Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2011 - Final Report" pp.253-268.
Access policy
Contacts
| Name | Affiliation | URL | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nguyen Dinh Chung | General Statistics Office of Vietnam | ndchung@gso.gov.vn | |
| Sigrid Breddy | UNICEF | sbreddy@unicef.org | |
| The World Bank Microdata Library | The World Bank | microdata@worldbank.org | Link |
Confidentiality
Users of the data agree to keep confidential all data contained in these datasets and to make no attempt to identify, trace or contact any individual whose data is included in these datasets.
Citation requirements
Use of the dataset must be acknowledged using a citation which would include:
- the Identification of the Primary Investigator
- the title of the survey (including country, acronym and year of implementation)
- the survey reference number
- the source and date of download
Example:
United Nations Children's Fund, General Statistical Office of Vietnam, United Nations Population Fund. Vietnam Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) 2011, Ref. VNM_2011_MICS_v01_M. Dataset downloaded from [url] on [date].
- the Identification of the Primary Investigator
- the title of the survey (including country, acronym and year of implementation)
- the survey reference number
- the source and date of download
Example:
United Nations Children's Fund, General Statistical Office of Vietnam, United Nations Population Fund. Vietnam Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) 2011, Ref. VNM_2011_MICS_v01_M. Dataset downloaded from [url] on [date].
Access authority
| Name | Affiliation | URL | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Childinfo | UNICEF | mics@unicef.org | Link |
Disclaimer and copyrights
Disclaimer
The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses.
Metadata production
DDI Document ID
DDI_VNM_2011_MICS_v01_M
Producers
| Name | Abbreviation | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|---|
| Development Data Group | DECDG | The World Bank | Documentation of the DDI |
Date of Metadata Production
2013-01-09
DDI Document version
Version 01 (January 2013)