Questionnaires
The description below is extracted from
This document provides more detailed information on changes in the CILSS questionnaires across years.
>> HOUSEHOLD QUESTIONNAIRE
The household questionnaire was administered to all households in two visits or "rounds", with an interval of two weeks between the two interviews. The two-round scheme had certain useful advantages. For sections in Round 2, that collect information on household expenditure and income, it was possible to use a bounded recall period with the bound being the first visit of the interviewer. Correction and verification of doubtful data from the first visit was also possible during the second visit to the same households. The two-round scheme had the added advantage of breaking up what might have otherwise been a prohibitively long interview into two smaller sessions.
The following description of the CILSS household questionnaire contents outlines the main topics covered in each section and points out the changes that took place in the questionnaires over the survey years. The questionnaire was almost entirely pre-coded. However, the responses to a few questions were not pre-coded.
SECTION 0: ADMINISTRATIVE INFORMATION
Part A collects information on the ethnic group of the household head, language of the interview, whether the household was a replacement household, date of verification by the supervisor, date of data entry, and date of supervision of printouts. In Part B, the interviewer records the date that individual sections were completed.
SECTION 1: HOUSEHOLD ROSTER
Part A: Household Roster
This section lists all people w ho normally live and eat their meals together in the dwelling as well as those who spent the previous night in the household, but cannot otherwise be considered household members. To qualify as a household member, a person must have resided in the household for 3 months or more during the previous 12 months. Since the number of months the person was resident in the household is recorded, users of the data can choose a more restrictive definition if they wish. For example, one study used six months of residence, rather than three months, as the criterion for household membership. The household head, newborn babies and new spouses are considered household members even if they do not satisfy the months of residence criterion. CILSS always excludes servants and boarders from household membership because they are considered to be separate households.
Part B: Information on Parents
Information on schooling and occupation of the parents of all household members is collected in this section, even if the parents are deceased. If the parents live in the same household, then the parents' ID codes are noted so as to enable linkage of information about the parents with information about the child.
SECTION 2: HOUSING
This section includes a description of the dwelling, housing expenses (including rent and utilities), source of water, cooking fuel and light, garbage disposal and type of toilet.
SECTION 3: EDUCATION
Part A: Education of Household Members
This section includes self-reported literacy and numeracy, years of schooling, number of hours of attendance at school in the past seven days, whether the person is currently enrolled in school, distance to school, time taken to get to school, apprenticeships, technical training, highest diploma obtained, and expenditure on education in the past twelve months for those who have been enrolled. The CILSS questionnaire collected this information for each household member five years or older so that welfare differences across individual household members could be studied.
Part B: Education of Children Living Elsewhere
The purpose of this section is to evaluate the total investment in education that was made by the household, including children who are not currently household members. Age, sex, and educational achievement of children below 30 who have left the household are recorded.
SECTION 4: HEALTH
This section focuses on the economic costs of health problems of all household members. The key questions are whether the household member was ill or injured over the past 4 weeks (self-reported), how many days of activity were lost due to illness, who w as consulted for the illness and the time and monetary cost of consultations.
SECTION 5: EMPLOYMENT ACTIVITIES
Part A: Time Use
Six questions are asked to determine whether the person did any work (salaried work, own account including farming, or working for a household enterprise) in the last seven days or over the past twelve months. An individual who did not work during the past seven days is asked a set of standard questions about job search. If an individual did not work over the past year either, then the interviewer is asked to skip to Part 5H.
Part B: Main Job in the Past Seven Days
For those who did work over the past seven days, questions are asked about the occupation and industry, time devoted to the job, income earned from it, and also whether their parents did the same work. Detailed information is gathered for wage earners: cash and in-kind income, distance to work, and time spent commuting, size of the firm where the individual works, whether the firm has a union and whether workers receive various types of social benefits.
Part C: Secondary Job in the Past Seven Days
Pertains to the secondary job held over the past seven days.
Part D: Search for Additional Work
This part is asked of everyone who worked in the last seven days.
Part E: Main Job in the Past Twelve Months
This section pertains to the main job held during the past twelve months.
Part F: Job History
For the latest job prior to the current one, the individual is asked to describe the occupation, the type of industry, whether the individual was self-employed or working for someone else in their own household, and how long the individual was employed in that job.
Part G: Secondary Job in the Past Twelve Months
This part pertains to the secondary job held during the past twelve months. Questions are similar to those in Part 5C about the main job over the past seven days.
Part H: Other Activities
This part is asked of all individuals to whom Section 5 was administered. It records the amount of time spent by each person in housework activities, such as cleaning, food preparation, laundry, shopping, and fetching water or wood. In addition, a set of questions is asked about periods of unemployment during the past twelve months, including a question about seasonal unemployment in the agricultural sector.
SECTION 6: MIGRATION
This section is asked of all household members 15 and older. Information is obtained on the place of birth, the most recent migration (to the current place of residence) and the total number of times a migratory move was made.
SECTION 7: IDENTIFYING RESPONDENTS FOR THE SECOND INTERVIEW
This section serves the purpose of identifying the household members who will be the respondents for certain sections in the Round 2 interview (two weeks later) and making appointments with them. Appointments are made with respondents who will answer questions from the Round 2 sections on farming, non-agricultural businesses operated by the household, and household expenditures. Also, one woman per household is selected to answer questions on fertility.
SECTION 8: CHARACTERISTICS OF HOUSING
Information is recorded on the construction material of the walls, floor, roof, and windows of the household's dwelling. The floor area of the dwelling was measured and is recorded in square meters.
SECTION 9: AGRO-PASTORAL ACTIVITIES
Part A: Land
This part asks about the amount of land owned, rented and cultivated by the household, land sales, gifts and trades, and land sharecropped in and out.
Part B: Crops
For each of 32 crops grown, Section 9B collects information on: (i) the number of hectares devoted to each crop, including those already planted but not yet in production; (ii) the amount and value of the crops sold in the last twelve months; (iii) the value of the output retained as seedlings for next year's crops; and (iv) the value of the amount given to workers or as gifts; and (v) whether there was any inter-cropping of that crop.
Part C: Age of Tree Crops
For coffee, cocoa, and other tree crops, questions are asked about the proportion of plants too young to produce, in full production and at the end of their productive lives.
Part D: Agricultural Inputs and Expenses
This part records the use of agricultural inputs by the household, their cost and for what crops. It asks whether the input was obtained with cash or credit and the source of the input (market or government agency?). It also asks about the extent to which exchange of labor took place with other farmers, the incidence and terms of sharecropping, the extent of food storage, and the availability of agricultural extension services.
Part E: Processing of Food Crops
For each processed crop, how much was received as revenue from the sale of the product, and how much was spent for the cost of processing inputs?
Part F: Livestock
For each type of livestock, the questionnaire records the number of and value of livestock currently owned, the number of and value of livestock sold over the past year, the number of and value of livestock purchased over the last year, and the number of livestock lost over the year due to other reasons.
Part G: Animal Products
This part records the animal products produced and the amount that was received over the past year from their sale.
Part H: Mutual Aid for Livestock
This part requests the number of person-days devoted to a traditional system of mutual help among farmers and the number of contacts with government extension agents regarding livestock are recorded.
Part I: Livestock Expenses
Costs associated with raising livestock are recorded in this section. Where livestock inputs were obtained is also recorded.
Part J: Farm Tools
For a list of the main small tools used by Ivorian farmers, the number of tools owned by the household is recorded, by type of tool.
Part K: Farm Equipment
For each type of farm equipment (not tools) such as tractors, carts, vehicles and draft animals, questions are as ked about the value of the current stock, the value of transactions that took place within the past twelve months, and whether the household made money by renting equipment out to other farmers.
SECTION 10: NON-FARM SELF EMPLOYMENT ACTIVITIES
Information on up to three businesses per household is gathered in this section. If a household operates more than three businesses, the household head is asked to identify the three most important ones.
Part A: Revenue Information
Information on revenues from household businesses is obtained. In addition, questions about the number of workers, presence of a union, and provision of benefits are asked.
Part B: Expenditures
This part records costs incurred by each business, either in the form of c ash expenses or inputs from within the household, from a list of all major expenditures that may occur in a household enterprise, e.g. hired labor, raw materials, transportation and electricity.
Part C: Capital and Inventory
This part records the value of productive assets and stocks, such as unsold goods, buildings, vehicles or equipment.
SECTION 11: HOUSEHOLD EXPENDITURES AND INVENTORY OF DURABLE GOODS
Part A: Daily Expenditures
The amount spent since the enumerator's last visit is recorded for a list of non-food items that the household can be expected to purchase daily or very frequently.
Part B: Annual Expenditures
Expenditures on all remaining non-food items, including taxes, are recorded, with respect to two reference periods: since the last visit of the enumerator during Round 1; and over the last twelve months.
Part C: Inventory of Durable Goods
For a list of commonly owned durable goods, the following information is recorded: age of the item, payment made at the time of purchase, and an estimate of the value of the good at the time of the interview.
Part D: Expenditures on Remittances
Expenditures on remittances to non-household members are recorded. Other questions include: relationship of the recipients to the household head; the geographic destination of the remittances; and whether the money is to be considered a gift or a loan.
SECTION 12: FOOD EXPENDITURES AND CONSUMPTION OF HOME PRODUCTION
Part A: Food Expenditures
This part records expenditure on purchased food for the period bounded by the initial visit of the interviewer and over the last twelve months.
Part B: Consumption of Home Production
This part records the monetary value of the household's consumption of home produced food.
SECTION 13: FERTILITY
This section records the total number of pregnancies and live births for the randomly selected adult female in the household. Other questions in the section pertain to the use of maternity services and extent of breastfeeding for the latest birth; the number of still births and miscarriages; and the respondent's marital status.
SECTION 14: OTHER INCOME
Part A: Non-Labor Income
Records non-labor income from various sources such as social security, pensions, dividends and interest, tontine, gifts, inheritance and scholarship. Revenues from sales of household assets over the past twelve months are also recorded.
Part B: Remittance Income
Remittances received by the household from outside sources are recorded. Details include: amount of the remittance, relationship of the sender to the household head, geographic location of the sender's place of residence, and whether part of the remittance is to be repaid to the sender.
SECTION 15: CREDIT AND SAVINGS
Part A: Loans Made and Received
This part records the total amount of loans provided by the household to others, total amount borrowed from institutions or from other people.
Part B: Credit
If the household borrowed money, information is gathered about the lender and on the terms of the loan.
Part C: Savings
Total value of all savings is recorded.
SECTION 16: ANTHROPOMETRICS
This section is not printed in any of the questionnaires, which was introduced during the seventh month (in September 1985) of the first survey year. Section 16 was designed to obtain weight and height measurements for all household members interviewed, including both children and adults. The interviewer recorded the date of measurement, weight in grams and height in centimeters for each household member measured. If the person was not measured, the interviewer had to record the reason (person is away, ill, etc).
SECTION 17
This section was introduced during the second year of the survey to enable the identification of panel households and panel household members from one survey year to the next and to track the movements of those who are no longer members of the household. This section was generated by computer as a unique form for every panel household, based on that household's data from the previous year. The first column contains the ID cod e of each household member interviewed during the previous year. The second column contains the name associated with that ID code. [Because only household members from the previous year are listed, and not visitors and other non-household members, there are sometimes gaps in the "old" ID codes on the list.] Also, contained in a small box next to the name, are the age and sex of that household member. This was designed to assist the interviewer in identifying the household member in question, but was not reentered in the data entry program. All of these were generated by computer and provided to the interviewer. The answer to Question 1, "Is this person found in the household roster this year?", determines whether or not that person is still part of the same household. For those household members who are no longer in the household, this section asks questions about the reason for their absence (death or moving away). If the household member moved away, questions are asked about why he moved, and if he moved out of the cluster, where he moved to. If the person is still part of the household (i.e. answer to Q.1 is yes), then the new ID code for that person is copied from the household roster as answer to Q.2. Having the old and new ID codes enables the linkage of panel household members from one year to the next.
>> COMMUNITY QUESTIONNAIRE
The Community Questionnaire measures the access of the community to economic infrastructure and basic social services. It was completed in each rural cluster. The objective of the Community Questionnaire was to measure characteristics common to all households in a cluster. The questions were asked of a group of respondents who had detailed knowledge of the village. Typically, the group of respondents included the village chief and other prominent members of the community.
>> PRCE QUESTIONNAIRE
A price survey was conducted in parallel with the CILSS household survey as part of the same project. The main purpose of the price survey was to provide price data with which regional or cluster level price indices could be constructed.
The items in the price questionnaire were chosen to include:
1. Frequently purchased items, according to the results of the 1979 Côte d'Ivoire Budget-Consumption Survey
2. Items for which data were already being collected by the Price Index division of the Direction de la Statistique
3. Food items included in the section of t he household questionnaire on consumption of home-grown produce (this would allow for the conversion of the value of home production consumed by the household into quantities).
The price survey collected information on prices of both food and non-food commodities in the main market of each of the clusters in which the household survey was conducted. The price data were collected at the same time that the households in the c luster were surveyed. When there were at least three vendors selling an item, up to three prices were collected for each item, usually from different parts of the market. Weighing scales were used to determine the exact weight of food items. Weights were to always be recorded in grams. None of the items weighed were purchased by the survey. If a vendor refused to allow his products to be weighed, then a client had to be awaited so that information based on the sale could be recorded.
For the first two years, 1985 and 1986, information was collected for 22 commodities, including 18 food and 4 non-food items. Each item in the price survey was numbered; these numbers were used in naming variables in the price data sets. In 1987, the number of commodities was increased.
>> HEALTH FACILITY SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE (CILSS 1987)
During the third year of the CILSS Survey, a new Health Facility Survey was implemented to collect more detailed information on the quality and type of health services available to CILSS households. The Health Facility questionnaire was administered to the dispensary and maternity clinic closest to or located within each cluster of households, in both urban and rural areas. Based on the community questionnaires of the second year, a list was made of all the nearest dispensary and maternity clinics to each cluster. Except for urban clusters, these facilities were generally not in the same place as the households being interviewed. This survey was conducted in 1987 only.
The purpose of collecting the health facility data was to analyze household demand for medical care as a function of the characteristics of the services. Accordingly, the facilities surveyed are not a random sample of all health facilities in Côte d'Ivoire. Therefore, the data should not be used to generate national or regional statistics on health services.