A good state of health of people is essential for socio-economic growth and development as well as technological development. This also determines the average expectation of life, number of persons in productive age bracket, production, productivity, earning capacity, employment, welfare, etc. But this dimension is more or less excluded from our economic growth compared to other developing countries. The society is now fighting against social evils such as leprosy, polio, malaria, infant mortality and maternal mortality, and against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). In rural India, government health infrastructure and facilities are not adequate to meet these challenges for the common people. Due to insufficient facilities and lack of infrastructure, the expenditure on health is increasing day by day for the rural person resulting in a huge burden on them. In this article, an attempt has been made to show a comparative study of the north-eastern states in this regard and to examine the possible determinants of health expenditure in rural India. A cross-sectional study is analyzed by taking a small sample of Karimganj district of Assam.