This analysis explores the correlates of HIV/AIDS care involvement among nurses in a healthcare
system (Botswana) that is severely impacted by the AIDS epidemic. It identifies the antecedents and
consequences of recent HIV/AIDS nursing care participation in Botswana and develops testable
hypotheses for further study. In 2009 a self-administered questionnaire on nursing practice and related
issues was completed by 201 nurses working in different types of facilities in rural and urban areas of
Botswana. Nurses who were citizens of Botswana, degree holders, and highly qualified professionals
(midwives and specialists) were more engaged in providing HIV/AIDS clinical services. Also, caregivers
who had greater participation in maternal and child healthcare duties, or those who felt they were
competent to provide care and treatment for patients with HIV illness were more involved. There were
also several psychological/mental health correlates. The analyses suggest that HIV/AIDS care in
Botswana is mostly provided by highly educated and specialized nurses who because of the complex
and often conflicting work demands placed upon them experience stress related to their work flow and
scheduling.