Annex 3. Information from focus groups, institutional reviews and key informants.
Annex 3.1
Results of health focus group discussion
Note: more than three answers are allowed for some of the questions.
1.What are the main problems with the government health service?
1. Too far away 46 (32.6) 2. Too expensive 11 (7.8) 3. No staff 19 (13.5) 4. No medicine/supply 69 (48.9) 5. Bad attitude 97 (68.8) 6. No female staff 23 (16.3) 7. Bad condition 42 (29.8) 8. Long waiting time 16 (11.3) 9. No trained staff 27 (19.7) 10. Lack good medicine 31 (22.0) 11. Too few facilities 22 (15.6)
2. What alternatives do people use in additional to the local available government health services?
1. Faith healer 54 (38.3) 2. Traditional healer 124 (87.9) 3. Private clinic 98 (69.5) 4. NGO clinic 7 (5.0) 5. Friends/neighbours 15 (10.6) 6. Pharmacy 15 (10.6) 7. Hospital 43 (30.5) 8. SHP/HP/PH.C. 19 (13.3)
3. How to improve the government health service?
1. No suggestion 31 (22.0) 2. More facilities 20 (14.2) 3. More staff 33 (23.4) 4. Female staff 8 (5.7) 5. Better attitude 58 (41.4) 6. Better condition 76 (53.9) 7. More medicine 66 (46.8) 8. Trained HMP 61 (36.2) 9. Free service 32 (22.7) 10. Better medicine 15 (10.6) 11. Health education 12 (8.5)
4. Who should be responsible to improve the health service?
1. HMG 68 (61.3) 2. VDC/DDC 65 (58.6) 3. Community 49 (44.1) 4. NGOs 2 (1.8) 5. Health workers 12 (10.8)
5. Are people here able to get information on health care?
1. Yes 139 (100)
6. What media people prefer to get information on health?
1. Radio/TV 93 (66.9) 2. Newspaper 31 (22.3) 3. Health facilities 73 (52.5) 4. Female health workers 73 (52.5) 5. Community leaders 36 (25.9) 6. Local government 20 (14.4) 7. Traditional healer 1 (0.7) 8. Trained health workers 27 (19.4) 9. Family members 19 (13.7) 10. Self 16 (11.5) 11. Others individuals 57 (41.0)
Annex 3.2
Results of agriculture focus group discussion
Annex 3.2
Results of agriculture focus group discussion
139 focus group discussions on agriculture and livestock service were carried out. Some questions have multiple responses.
1. How often do JT/JAS visit here and how often do people from here visit the Agricultural/Livestock Centre (or sub-centre) for this area?
1. Never 111 (79.9) 2. Infrequently 28 (20.1)
1.1 How often do people visit the agriculture or livestock centers?
1. Never 34 (25.2) 2. Whenever needed 31 (23.0) 3. Every month 2 (1.5) 4. Every year 4 (3.0) 5. Seasonal 4 (3.0) 6. Infrequently 60 (44.4)
1.2 Why people visit the centers?
1. For technical advice 38 (40.4) 2. For fertilizer 9 (9.6) 3. For seeds 19 (20.2) 4. For pesticide 27 (28.7) 5. For livestock 48 (51.1)
2. What are the main problems with the agriculturel service?
1. JT/JTA never visit 37 (26.6) 2. Too expensive 14 (10.1) 3. Center too far 12 (9.4) 4. Bad attitude 11 (7.9) 5. Lack of hybrid seed 64 (46.0) 6. Lack of fertilizer 56 (40.3) 7. Lack of pesticide 47 (33.8) 8. Lack of training 36 (25.9) 9. Lack modern equipment 10 (7.2) 10. Lack irrigation 69 (49.6) 11. Lack of marketing 23 (16.5)
2.1 How to improve the situation?
1. More JT/JTA visit 59 (42.4) 2. Center nearby 23 (16.5) 3. Training farmers 48 (34.5) 4. Mobile team 2 (1.4) 5. More equipment 51 (36.7) 6. More loans 4 (2.9) 7. Better irrigation 26 (18.7) 8. Free service 5 (3.6) 9. Marketing facilities 40 (28.8)
2.2 Who should be responsible for the improvement?
1. HMG 70 (71.4) 2. VDC/DDC 52 (53.1) 3. Community 27 (27.6) 4. NGOs 4 (4.1)
3. What are the main problems with the livestock service?
1. MS never visit 51 (36.7) 2. Too expensive 43 (30.9) 3. Center too far 71 (51.1) 4. Bad attitude 40 (28.8) 5. Lack of vet medicine 79 (56.8) 6. Lack of information 23 (16.5) 7. Lack modern equipment 30 (21.6) 8. Lack green pasture 15 (10.8)
3.1 How to improve the situation?
1. More visit by Vet. Expert 57 (50.0) 2. More vet medicine 46 (40.0) 3. Center nearby 44 (38.6) 4. Mobile team 2 (1.8) 5. Training in livestock 30 (26.3) 6. More green pasture 7 (6.1) 7. More equipment 23 (20.2) 8. Free service 17 (14.9)
3.2 Who should be responsible for the improvement?
1. HMG 74 (78.7) 2. VDC/DDC 37 (39.4) 3. Community 21 (22.3) 4. NGOs 2 (2.1)
4. Do people here have any difficulty getting the materials they need for farming?
Yes 132 (95.0) No 7 (5.0)
4.1 What are the difficulties?
1. Center too far away 58 (41.7) 2. Too expensive 92 (66.2) 3. Lack of information 64 (46.0) 4. Lack of seeds/fertilizer/equipment 16 (83.5)
5. How easy is it to get loans for agricultural schemes here?
1. Easy 4 (2.9) 2. Difficult 116 (84.1) 3. Possible 10 (7.2) 4. Not necessary 8 (5.8)
5.1 Why is it difficult?
0. No difficulties 2 (1.6) 1. Center too far away 14 (11.0) 2. Lack of mortgage 9 (7.1) 3. Time consuming process 57 (44.9) 4. Lack of information 11 (8.7) 5. High interest rate 34 (26.8)
5.2 What are the sources of loan?
1. Institution 67 (52.8) 2. Money lender 36 (28.3) 3. Relatives/neighbours 20 (15.7) 4. NGOs 4 (3.1)
Annex 3.3
INSTITUTIONAL REVIEW OF GOVERNMENT HEALTH FACILITY
1. How far is this Health Institution from the centre of the community? (In time)
Less than 0.5 hour 59 (47.2) Less than 1 hour 31 (24.8) Less than 2 hours 27 (21.6) More than 2 hours 8 (6.4)
2. We want to know about the opening times of this Health Facility:
2.1 How many hours/day?
4 hours 51(39.5) 5 hours 12 (9.3) 6 hours 38 (29.5) 7 hours 14 (10.9) 8 hours 7 ( 5.4) 24 hours 7 (5.4)
2.2 Number of days/week:
3 days 1 (0.8) 4 days 2 (1.6) 5 days 2 (1.6) 6 days 104 (85.2) 7 days 13 (10.7)
3. Is it always open during these times?
Yes 123 (93.9) Missing 8 (6.1)
5. What is the clinical area like? <observe>
5.1. Size?
very small 17 (13.3) small 28 (21.9) reasonable size 70 (54.7) good size 13 (10.2)
5.2. Is it separated from other areas in some way?
Yes 78 (60.5) No 51 (39.5)
5.3. What is the state of cleanliness?
dirty 7 (5.4) reasonable 76 (58.9) clean 46 (35.7)
6. Is there any area for storage of drugs and other supplies?
Yes: 79 (61.7) No 49 (38.3)
Is it stocked with:
Yes
Antibiotic (eg penicillin) 86 (67.2) Antipyretic (eg aspirin) 114 (88.4) Sedative (eg diazepam) 44 (34.1)
7. Is there a fridge for vaccines etc?
Yes 23 (17.8) No 106 (82.2)
7.1 If yes, Is it working?
Yes 21 (50) No 21 (50)
7.2 If not working, when was it last working?
2 months ago 4 (80) 4 months ago 1 (20)
8.0 Where does this Health Institute get its vaccines from?
SHP 3 (2.3) HP 50 (39.1) Hospital 3 (2.3) DHO 72 (56.3)
9. Do you keep records of your service activities?
Yes 125 (98.4) No 2 (1.6)
9.1 Please show us the report or last week or last month:
incomplete 12 (9.5) apparently complete 114 (90.5)
10. What do you do with the reports of your service activities?
To authority 118 (92.2) Internal discussion 3 (2.3) Planning 7 (5.5)
11. Do you use the records of your service activities locally to monitor or improve your service?
Yes 106 (82.8) No 22 (17.2)
11.1 If YES, please describe in what way:
planning 54 (54) supervision 30 (30) discussion 7 (7.0) feedback 7 (7.0)
12. Do you receive feedback on your monthly reports?
Yes 70 (55.6) No 56 (44.4)
13. What is the average number of patients seen per day in this Health Facility?
Median average SHP 8 HP 20 PHCC 26 Hospital 80
14. Do you make charges for services from this Health Institute?
Yes 121 (94.5) No 7 (5.5)
If Yes,
14.1 How much per visit?
Median average: 2 Rupees
14.2 How much per activity (eg vaccination)
No charges 106 (92.2) Some charges 9 (7.8)
15. Are the community active in the management committee of this facility?
Yes 76 (59.8) No 51 (40.2)
16. What are the main problems you have in providing a service?
Lack medicine/supply 108 (84.4) Lack staff 82 (64.1) Poor facility condition 78 (60.9) No water/electricity 2 (1.6) Lack of supervision 2 (1.6) Lack community support 17 (13.3) Isolated 2 (1.6) Lack of cash support 5 (3.9)
17. What services do you receive from the District Health Office?<write up to three>
Medicine/supply 109 (90.1) Training 32 (26.4) Supervision 26 (21.5) Feedback 3 (2.5) Encouragement 7 (5.8) Goods 71 (58.7) Financial support 15 (12.4)
18. When did you last get a supervision visit from the DHO's office?
<how many months ago>
Never 16 (13.0) 1 month ago 60 (48.8) 3 months ago 18 (14.6) 6 months ago 15 (12.2) 1 year ago 7 (5.7) more than one year ago 7 (5.7)
19. How do you find the support given to you by the DHO's office?
Helpful 17 (13.7) Not helpful 17 (13.7) Okay 90 (72.6)
20. Do you hear complaints from the local community about your services?
Yes 84 (65.1) No 45 (34.9)
20.1 If yes, what are their main complaints?
<write up to three>
Lack staff 13 (15.7) Lack medicine/supply 71 (85.5) Bad attitude 29 (34.9) Poor condition 18 (21.7) Too expensive 12 (14.5) Too far 1 (1.2) Irregular hours 4 (4.8) Long waiting time 2 (2.4)
21. What do you think could be done to improve your services?
<write up to 3 answers>
Improve condition 69 (54.3) Training 28 (22.0) Supervision 18 (14.2) More cash support 7 (5.5) More medicine/supply 117 (92.1) More staff 48 (37.8)
Annex 3.4
INSTITUTIONAL REVIEW OF AGRICULTURAL /LIVESTOCK SERVICE CENTRE (SUB-CENTRE)
1.How far is this office from the centre of the community? (In time)
Less than 0.5 hour 16 (14%) 0.5 hours 14 (12%) 1 hour 25 (22%) 2 hours 9 ( 8%) > 2 hours 33 (29%) missing 17 (15%)
2. What is the staffing of this office?
Officers
no.post sanctioned 47 no. Present today 23
JT/JAS
no.post sanctioned 281 no. Present today 124
3. What are the main challenges you face in providing a service?
Lack staff 34 (34%) Lack resources 54 (55%) Lack new technology 20 (20%) Lack training 5 ( 5%) Lack awareness 13 (13%) Lack of seed 20 (20%) Lack pesticides 35 (35%) More centers 17 (17%) Missing 3 ( 3%)
4. What services do you provide for the local community?
Nothing 1 (1%) Provide seeds 35 (37%) New technology 31 (32%) Training 15 (16%) Community visit 3 (3%) Soil test 2 (2%) Information 33 (34%) Animal vaccination 35 (36%) Advice 29 (30%)
5. Do you make charges to farmers for your services?
Yes 7 (7%) No 89 (93%) Missing 19 (17%)
6. What services do you receive from the District Agricultural/Livestock Development Office?
Nothing 2 (2%) Supervision 7 (7%) Training 21 (22%) New technology 26 (27%) Supplies 22 (23%) Improved seeds 30 (31%) Advice 39 (41%) Pesticides 33 (34%) Missing 5 (5%)
7. When did you last get support supervision from the DADO/DLDO office?
Never 2 (2%) Less than one month 27 (24%) 1 month ago 37 (32%) 3 months ago 15 (13%) 6 months ago 8 ( 7%) 1 year ago 3 ( 2%) more than 1 year ago 4 (4%) Missing 19 (17%)
8. How do you find the service given to you by the DADO/DLDO office?
Helpful 27 (24%) Not helpful 7 (6%) Average 59 (51%) Missing 22 (19%)
9 Do you hear complaints from the local community about your services?
Yes 58 (50%) No 37 (32%) Missing 20 (18%)
9.1 What are their main complaints?
Not enough visit 20 (35%) Too expensive 5 (9%) Bad attitude 2 (3%) Lack new technology 11 (19%) Lack seeds 28 (48%) Lack pesticides 19 (33%) Lack staff 3 (5%) Lack medicine 16 (28%) Missing 1 (2%)
10. What do you think could be done to improve your services?
More staff 32 (33%) More Centres 8 (8%) More resources 50 (52%) More training 37 (39%) More supervision 10 (10%) More community visit 10 (10%) More pesticides 32 (33%) Missing 1 (1%)
Annex 3.5
INTERVIEW WITH COMMUNITY KEY INFORMANT
1. What government health facilities are available locally?
0 Nothing 1 (0.7) 1 HP 40 (28.2) 2 SHP 75 (52.8) 3 District hospital 18 (12.7) 4 PH.C. 6 (4.2) 9 Missing 2 (1.4)
2. How far away is each one from the centre of the community?
Mean distance: 50 minutes Median distance: 30 minutes
3. What are the opening hours of each one:
Median open time: 10 am Median close time: 3 pm
4. How much are the official charges per visit for each one?
Fixed fee: median 2 rupees Other charges: median 0 rupee
5. How often are the drugs needed available in the government health facilities ?
1 Always 3 (2.1) 2. Most of the time 15 (10.6) 3. Sometimes 46 (32.6) 4. Hardly available 68 (48.2) 5. Never 9 (6.4)
6. If not available from the health facility, where do people go to get them ?
1 No where 1 (0.7) 2 Pharmacy 117 (83.6) 3 Market 21 (15) 4 Missing 1 (0.7)
7. Is there a medical shop in the community ?
1. Yes 78 (55.3) 2. No 63 (44.7)
8. What other health facilities are available locally (eg run by NGOs) ?
0 Nothing 86 (58.1) 1 Clinic 31 (20.9) 3 Nursing home 3 (2.0) 4 Medical shop 12 (8.1) 5 Red cross 12 (8.1) 6 FPAN 4 (2.7)
8.1 Who organizes the operation?
1 Private 33 (48.5) 2 INGO/NGO 18 (26.5) 3 DDC or VDC 4 (5.9) 5 FPAN 1 (1.5) 6 Health worker 2 (2.9) 9 DK+ Missing 10 (14.7)
9. What is the main type of farming here?
0 Nothing 2 (1.4) 1 Agriculture 134 (94.4) 2 Livestock 4 (2.8) 3 Fishery 1 (0.1) 4 Horticulture 1 (0.1)
10. Where do people here mainly go to get their supply of farming chemicals, fertilizers and veterinary drugs ?
0 Nowhere 2 (1.4) 1 Cooperation 16 (11.3) 2 Agri. Center 22 (15.6) 3 Private source 96 (68.1) 9 Missing 5 (3.5)
11. What are the prices of these materials?
Price per 50 Kg bag of fertilizer urea?
median 400 rupees
Price per Kg of cow/buffalo feed?
median 9 rupees
Price per Kg of chicken feed?
Median 11 rupees
12. What has happened to the prices of chemicals, fertilizer and veterinary drugs over the last year ?
1. Increased 117 (83%) 9. DK and missing 24 (17%) Fertilizer increased 5 Rs per 50 Kg Pesticide increased 1 Rs/kg Vetoed increased 10 rupees/kg
13. Is there a library in this community ?
1. Yes 27 (19%) 2. No 115 (81%)
If so, what are the opening times ?
Median 10 am
14. Is there a public telephone} in this community ?
1.yes 49 (34.8%) 2. No 91 (64.5%) 9. Missing 1 (0.9%)
Is the phone in working order <observe>
1. Yes 46 (86.8) 2. No 6 (11.3) 9. Missing 1 (1.9)
15. Is there a post office in this community ?
1. Yes 102 (71.8) 2. No 40 (28.2)
If Yes, what are the usual post opening hours ?
1. Median open hour: 10 am 2. Median close hour: 4 pm
16. Can people here receive mail from other places in the district ?
1. Yes 93 (65.5) 2. No 49 (34.5)
From outside the district ?
1. Yes 91 (64.1) 2. No 51 (35.9)
17. How long does it usually take for mail to reach here from Kathmandu ?
Median: 9 days
Annex 3.6
INTERVIEW WITH VDC CHAIRMAN
Note, all questions except 5 and 8 have multiple responses, up to 3 answers were allowed. 138 Village Development Committee were interviewed.
1. What does the VDC do for the community ?
Nothing 2 (1.5) Set up community groups 14 (10.2) Social development 55 (40.1) Daily issues 23 (16.8) Financial issues 22 (16.1) Construction work 120 (87.6) Look after old people 5 (3.6)
2. What difficulties do you encounter in serving the community ?
No difficulties 2 (1.5) Lack resources 55 (40.4) Lack information 19 (14.0) Lack community support 44 (32.4) Political interference 30 (22.1) Lack time 2 (1.5) Lack of finance 80 (58.8) Lack of technician 15 (11.0)
3. What services and support do you receive from the DDC ?
Nothing 30 (22.1) Financial support 69 (50.7) Supervision 5 (3.7) Training 4 (2.9) Political support 2 (1.5) Project 8 (5.9) Technical assistance 36 (26.5) Consultation 12 (9.6) Provide materials 36 (26.5)
4. What services/support do you think you should get from the DDC ?
Financial support 80 (59.7) Supervision 17 (12.7) Training 7 (5.2) Political support 8 (6.0) Project 14 (10.4) Technical assistance 60 (44.8) Consultation 53 (39.6) Provide materials 2 (1.5)
5. What do you think of the service/support you receive from the DDC ?
Helpful 13 (9.6) Not helpful 32 (23.5) Average 91 (66.9)
6. How do you get information about the needs of the community you serve ?
Community meeting 81 (59.6) Informal source 37 (27.2) Key informant 73 (53.7) Women groups 3 (2.2) Line department 1 (0.7) Village profile 4 (2.9) Self 67 (49.3)
7. What information do you think you need to help you plan your services to your community ?
Population 23 (17.7) Literacy 2 (1.5) Income level 14 (10.8) Production/animal 2 (1.5) Health 2 (1.5) Need of people 56 (43.1) Children 2 (1.5) Women 1 (0.8) Area statistics 38 (29.2) Technical advice 56 (43.1)
8. Do you think VDC priorities are reflected in DDC (Council) decisions ?
Yes 59 (43.4) No 65 (47.8) Some 12 (8.8)
9. If not, how could this situation be changed ?
Nothing 3 (3.9) Involve VDC decision making 48 (62.3) More DDC visit 16 (20.8) Less political interference 9 (11.7) Community information 7 (9.1) Technical assistance 9 (11.7) Regular funding 11 (14.3) Provide materials 4 (5.2)
Note, all questions except 5 and 8 have multiple responses, up to 3 answers were allowed. 138 Village Development Committee were interviewed.
1. What does the VDC do for the community ?
Nothing 2 (1.5) Set up community groups 14 (10.2) Social development 55 (40.1) Daily issues 23 (16.8) Financial issues 22 (16.1) Construction work 120 (87.6) Look after old people 5 (3.6)
2. What difficulties do you encounter in serving the community ?
No difficulties 2 (1.5) Lack resources 55 (40.4) Lack information 19 (14.0) Lack community support 44 (32.4) Political interference 30 (22.1) Lack time 2 (1.5) Lack of finance 80 (58.8) Lack of technician 15 (11.0)
3. What services and support do you receive from the DDC ?
Nothing 30 (22.1) Financial support 69 (50.7) Supervision 5 (3.7) Training 4 (2.9) Political support 2 (1.5) Project 8 (5.9) Technical assistance 36 (26.5) Consultation 12 (9.6) Provide materials 36 (26.5)
4. What services/support do you think you should get from the DDC ?
Financial support 80 (59.7) Supervision 17 (12.7) Training 7 (5.2) Political support 8 (6.0) Project 14 (10.4) Technical assistance 60 (44.8) Consultation 53 (39.6) Provide materials 2 (1.5)
5. What do you think of the service/support you receive from the DDC ?
Helpful 13 (9.6) Not helpful 32 (23.5) Average 91 (66.9)
6. How do you get information about the needs of the community you serve ?
Community meeting 81 (59.6) Informal source 37 (27.2) Key informant 73 (53.7) Women groups 3 (2.2) Line department 1 (0.7) Village profile 4 (2.9) Self 67 (49.3)
7. What information do you think you need to help you plan your services to your community ?
Population 23 (17.7) Literacy 2 (1.5) Income level 14 (10.8) Production/animal 2 (1.5) Health 2 (1.5) Need of people 56 (43.1) Children 2 (1.5) Women 1 (0.8) Area statistics 38 (29.2) Technical advice 56 (43.1)
8. Do you think VDC priorities are reflected in DDC (Council) decisions ?
Yes 59 (43.4) No 65 (47.8) Some 12 (8.8)
9. If not, how could this situation be changed ?
Nothing 3 (3.9) Involve VDC decision making 48 (62.3) More DDC visit 16 (20.8) Less political interference 9 (11.7) Community information 7 (9.1) Technical assistance 9 (11.7) Regular funding 11 (14.3) Provide materials 4 (5.2)
Annex 3.7
INTERVIEW WITH DDC Chairman
1. What do you think of the government services provided in this district?
Good Bad Average Health 5 (18.5) 22 (81.5) Agriculture 1 (3.7) 11 (40.7) 15 (55.6) Education 4 (14.8) 8 (29.6) 15 (55.6) Water 4 (14.8) 23 (85.2) Sanitation 22 (81.5) 5 (18.5) Postal 9 (33.3) 2 (7.4) 16 (59.3) Telephone 4 (14.8) 6 (22.2) 17 (63) Roads 15 (55.6) 12 (44.4) Electricity 12 (44.4) 15 (55.6)
2. What are the difficulties of providing public services in this district ?
Lack resources 16 (59.3) Lack information 10 (37.5) Lack community support 5 (18.5) Lack time 1 (3.7) Political interference 3 (11.1) Bad service delivery 15 (55.6) Construction work 17 (63.0)
3. What services and support do you receive from the central government ?
Nothing 1 (3.7) Financial support 20 (74.1) Policy 6 (22.2) Project 6 (22.2) Training 2 (7.4) Supervision 1 (3.7) Planning 15 (55.6) Autonomous body 2 (7.4)
4. What services/support do you think you should get from central government ?
Financial support 13 (48.1) Policy 8 (29.6) Planning 12 (44.4) Supervision 3 (11.1) Project 23 (85.2) Create awareness 5 (18.5)
5. What do you think of the service/support received from the central government ?
Not helpful 10 (37) Average 17 (63)
6. How could your service to the district be improved ?
More VDC supervision 8 (29.6) More VDC training 5 (18.5) More information 14 (51.9) More resources 16 (59.3) More listening 4 (14.8) More project 6 (22.2) Financial support 6 (22.2) Autonomous body 3 (11.1)
7. How could the service you receive from the central government be improved ?
No suggestion 1 (3.7) More resources 20 (74.1) More supervision 6 (22.2) More training 6 (22.2) More information 2 (7.4) More community meeting 1 (3.7) Financial support 15 (55.6) Autonomous body 2 (7.4)
8. How do you get information about the needs of the district you serve ?
From VDCC 16 (59.3) From district department 6 (22.2) From people 15 (55.6) From media 1 (3.7) From key informant 13 (48.1) From district profile 6 (22.2)
9. What information do you think you need to help you plan your services to your district?
VDC need 5 (18.5) Production level 2 (7.4) Planning 9 (33.3) People's need 2 (7.4) Resources 15 (55.6) Community need 15 (55.6) District profile 20 (74.1)
10. Is it easy to co-ordinate the activities of different line ministries in the district?
Easy 4 (14.8) Difficult 14 (51.9) Possible 9 (33.3)
11. How are VDC priorities reflected in the DDC's plans ?
In project 2 (7.4) In training 4 (14.8) Lack of source 7 (25.9) People's need 11 (40.7) Information sharing 16 (59.3) Income generation project 4 (14.8) District profile 5 (18.5) Development work 1 (3.7)
12. How are DDC priorities reflected in VDC plans in this district ?
Not reflected 1 (3.7) District profile 2 (7.4) Community groups 6 (22.2) people's need 4 (14.8) Plan and programme 17 (63) Information sharing 9 (33.3) Coordination 18 (66.7) Income generation programme 1 (3.7)
Annex 3.8
INTERVIEW WITH DISTRICT HEALTH OFFICER
35 DHOs were interviewed in total. Some of the questions have multiple answers.
1. What are the main challenges facing your service in this District ?
Lack of resources 30 (88.2) Lack staff 26 (76.5) Lack female staff 2 (5.9) Lack supervision/training 8 (23.5) Lack information 5 (14.7) Poor health/nutrition 1 (2.9) Low literacy 5 (14.7) Poor environment 1 (2.9)
2. When did you last have direct contact with the central Ministry of Health ?
Never 1 (2.9) less than one month ago 10 (29.4) more than 1 month ago 6 (17.6) 3 months ago 17 (50.0)
3. How does the ministry of health keep you informed about matters of importance ?
Meeting 5 (11.4) Training 1 (2.9) Letters/orders 34 (100) Supervision 4 (11.8)
3.1 Does this system work well?
Yes 23 (67.3) No 11 (32.4)
4. What services do you receive from the central ministry of health?
Nothing 1 (3.1) Supervision 19 (59.4) Training 5 (15.6) Information 3 (9.4) Feedback 3 (9.4) Projects 2 (6.3) Medical instruction 17 (53.1) Trained staff 7 (21.9)
5. What do you think of the service you receive from the Ministry of health
Helpful 8 (23.5) Not helpful 12 (35.3) Average 14 (41.2)
6. Which of the services you receive from the central ministry of health (apart from financial support) is of most use to you?
Nothing 6 (17.6) Supervision 11 (32.4) Training 3 (8.8) Information 5 (14.7) Feedback 1 (2.9) Project 2 (5.9) Trained staff 8 (23.5) Medical instrument 3 (8.8)
7. Which of the services is of least use to you?
Nothing 8 (29.6) Supervision 4 (14.8) Training 1 (3.7) Information 3 (11.1) Feedback 5 (18.5) Project 1 (3.7) Political posting 8 (29.6) PHC clinic 2 (7.4)
8. What do you suggest for improving the service you receive from the central ministry of health?
Nothing 1 (3.0) More resources 10 (30.3) Better planning 20 (60.6) More supervision 13 (39.4) More training 10 (30.3) More project 14 (42.4) More supplies 1 (3.0)
9. Which aspects of the health services in this District are you most satisfied with?
MCH project 16 (48.5) Curative care 3 (9.1) Hospital service 4 (12.1) Mobile clinic 1 (3.0) Community project 6 (18.2) Vitamin A distribution 3 (9.1) NIDs 2 (6.1)
9.1 Why are you most satisfied ?
Good coverage 25 (86.2) Good quality 7 (24.1) Easy 3 (10.3) Budget in time 1 (3.4) Supervision 1 (3.4)
10. Which aspects are you least satisfied with ?
Nothing 3 (9.1) MCH project 8 (24.2) Curative care 7 (21.2) Hospital service 2 (6.1) Emergency care 4 (12.1) Community project 3 (9.1) HP/SHP 4 (12.1)
10.1 Why are you least satisfied?
Not effective 3 (11.1) Low coverage 8 (29.6) High cost 1 (3.7) Time consuming 3 (11.1) Difficult 17 (63.0) Mobility of staff 2 (7.4)
11. How could you improve the delivery of health services in this district ?
More resources 15 (46.9) More staff 18 (56.3) More supervision 9 (28.1) More training 8 (25.0) More information 5 (15.6) More facilities 16 (50.0) Better facility condition 2 (6.3)
Annex 3.9
INTERVIEW WITH DISTRICT AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT OFFICER OR DISTRICT LIVESTOCK DEVELOPMENT OFFICER
(to answer on behalf of both services)
In total, 39 DAOs or DLOs were interviewed.
1. What are the main challenges facing your service in this District ?
1. Lack of resources 30 (76.9) 2. Lack of information 7 (17.9) 3. Lack of new technology 23 (59.0) 4. Lack of staff 21 (53.8) 5. Lack of water source 4 (10.3) 6. Poor soil 3 (7.7) 7. Lack of supervision/training 3 (7.7)
2. How many SMSs do you have (livestock and agricultural)
Mean: 14 SMSs Median: 13 SMSs
3. How many {JT/JAS} do you have (livestock and agricultural)
Mean: 24 JT/JAS Median: 26 JT/JAS
3. When did you last have direct contact with the central Ministry and Departments of Agriculture?
0. Never 1 (2.6) 1. Less than one month ago 21 (53.8) 1. More than one month ago 16 (41.0) 2. Three months ago 1 (2.6)
4. How does the Ministry and departments of Agriculture keep you informed about matters of importance ?
1. Meeting 1 (2.6) 2. Supervision visit 1 (2.6) 3. Training 1 (2.6) 4. Letter/order 33 (84.6) 5. Feedback 2 (5.1) 6. Media 33 (84.6)
4.1 Does this system work well?
Yes 25 (64.1) No 2 (5.1) Okay 12 (30.8)
5. What services do you receive from the central Ministry and departments of Agriculture?
1. Supervision 17 (43.6) 2. Training 7 (17.9) 3. Finance/supply 6 (15.4) 4. Information 27 (69.2) 5. Feedback 30 (76.9)
6. What do you think of the service you receive from the central ministry and departments?
Helpful 16 (41.0) Not helpful 1 (2.6) Oaky 22 (56.4)
7. Which of the services you receive from the central ministry and departments of agriculture is of most use to you?
0. Nothing 1 (2.6) 1. Finance 19 (48.7) 2. Supply 10 (25.6) 3. Supervision 7 (17.9) 4. Information 1 (2.6) 5. Technology 21 (55.3)
8. Which of the services is of least use to you ?
0. Nothing 12 (35.3) 1.training 1 (2.9) 2. Supervision 8 (23.5) 3. Information 5 (14.7) 4. Technology 2 (5.9) 5. Transfer of staff 6 (17.6)
9. What do you suggest for improving the service you receive from the central Ministry and departments of Agriculture ?
1. More resources 10 (26.3) 2. More staff 9 (23.7) 3. More supervision 15 (39.5) 4. More training 6 (15.8) 5. More information 17 (44.7) 6. New technology 10 (26.3) 7. More feedback 21 (55.3)
10. Which aspects of agricultural services in this District are you most satisfied with?
0. Nothing 1 (2.6) 1. Extension service 19 (48.7) 2. Information sharing 10 (25.6) 3. New technology 7 (17.9) 4. New seeds 1 (2.6) 5. Training 5 (12.8) 6. Horticulture 11 (28.2)
10.1 Why are you satisfied with these services?
1. Good coverage 11 (28.2) 2. Improve production 9 (23.1) 3. Low cost 4 (10.3) 4. Liked by people 6 (15.4) 5. Suit local situation 2 (5.1) 6. Easy to apply 1 (2.6) 7. Information sharing 18 (46.2) 8. Control diseases of hort 1 (2.6)
11. Which aspects are you least satisfied with?
0. Nothing 5 (13.2) 1. Information 7 (18.4) 2. Technology 6 (15.8) 3. Extension service 12 (31.6) 4. Irrigation 1 (2.6) 5. Tools 1 (2.6) 6. Seeds 4 (10.5) 7. Transfer of staff 1 (2.6) 8. Credit/loan 1 (2.6)
11.1 Why are you least satisfied with this service?
0. No reason 4 (11.4) 1. High cost 3 (8.6) 2. Difficult to apply 7 (20.0) 3. Low coverage 18 (51.4) 4. Not suitable for local situation 2 (5.7) 5. Disliked by people 1 (2.9)
12. How do you think you could improve delivery of agricultural and livestock services in this district?
1. More resources 24 (63.2) 2. More staff 10 (26.3) 3. More community visit 9 (23.7) 4. New technology 23 (60.5) 5. Better tools 2 (5.3) 6. More information 17 (44.7) 7. More training/supervision 16 (42.1) In total, 39 DAOs or DLOs were interviewed.
1. What are the main challenges facing your service in this District ?
1. Lack of resources 30 (76.9) 2. Lack of information 7 (17.9) 3. Lack of new technology 23 (59.0) 4. Lack of staff 21 (53.8) 5. Lack of water source 4 (10.3) 6. Poor soil 3 (7.7) 7. Lack of supervision/training 3 (7.7)
2. How many SMSs do you have (livestock and agricultural)
Mean: 14 SMSs Median: 13 SMSs
3. How many {JT/JAS} do you have (livestock and agricultural)
Mean: 24 JT/JAS Median: 26 JT/JAS
3. When did you last have direct contact with the central Ministry and Departments of Agriculture?
0. Never 1 (2.6) 1. Less than one month ago 21 (53.8) 1. More than one month ago 16 (41.0) 2. Three months ago 1 (2.6)
4. How does the Ministry and departments of Agriculture keep you informed about matters of importance ?
1. Meeting 1 (2.6) 2. Supervision visit 1 (2.6) 3. Training 1 (2.6) 4. Letter/order 33 (84.6) 5. Feedback 2 (5.1) 6. Media 33 (84.6)
4.1 Does this system work well?
Yes 25 (64.1) No 2 (5.1) Okay 12 (30.8)
5. What services do you receive from the central Ministry and departments of Agriculture?
1. Supervision 17 (43.6) 2. Training 7 (17.9) 3. Finance/supply 6 (15.4) 4. Information 27 (69.2) 5. Feedback 30 (76.9)
6. What do you think of the service you receive from the central ministry and departments?
Helpful 16 (41.0) Not helpful 1 (2.6) Oaky 22 (56.4)
7. Which of the services you receive from the central ministry and departments of agriculture is of most use to you?
0. Nothing 1 (2.6) 1. Finance 19 (48.7) 2. Supply 10 (25.6) 3. Supervision 7 (17.9) 4. Information 1 (2.6) 5. Technology 21 (55.3)
8. Which of the services is of least use to you ?
0. Nothing 12 (35.3) 1.training 1 (2.9) 2. Supervision 8 (23.5) 3. Information 5 (14.7) 4. Technology 2 (5.9) 5. Transfer of staff 6 (17.6)
9. What do you suggest for improving the service you receive from the central Ministry and departments of Agriculture ?
1. More resources 10 (26.3) 2. More staff 9 (23.7) 3. More supervision 15 (39.5) 4. More training 6 (15.8) 5. More information 17 (44.7) 6. New technology 10 (26.3) 7. More feedback 21 (55.3)
10. Which aspects of agricultural services in this District are you most satisfied with?
0. Nothing 1 (2.6) 1. Extension service 19 (48.7) 2. Information sharing 10 (25.6) 3. New technology 7 (17.9) 4. New seeds 1 (2.6) 5. Training 5 (12.8) 6. Horticulture 11 (28.2)
10.1 Why are you satisfied with these services?
1. Good coverage 11 (28.2) 2. Improve production 9 (23.1) 3. Low cost 4 (10.3) 4. Liked by people 6 (15.4) 5. Suit local situation 2 (5.1) 6. Easy to apply 1 (2.6) 7. Information sharing 18 (46.2) 8. Control diseases of hort 1 (2.6)
11. Which aspects are you least satisfied with?
0. Nothing 5 (13.2) 1. Information 7 (18.4) 2. Technology 6 (15.8) 3. Extension service 12 (31.6) 4. Irrigation 1 (2.6) 5. Tools 1 (2.6) 6. Seeds 4 (10.5) 7. Transfer of staff 1 (2.6) 8. Credit/loan 1 (2.6)
11.1 Why are you least satisfied with this service?
0. No reason 4 (11.4) 1. High cost 3 (8.6) 2. Difficult to apply 7 (20.0) 3. Low coverage 18 (51.4) 4. Not suitable for local situation 2 (5.7) 5. Disliked by people 1 (2.9)
12. How do you think you could improve delivery of agricultural and livestock services in this district?
1. More resources 24 (63.2) 2. More staff 10 (26.3) 3. More community visit 9 (23.7) 4. New technology 23 (60.5) 5. Better tools 2 (5.3) 6. More information 17 (44.7) 7. More training/supervision 16 (42.1)
Annex 3.10
INTERVIEW WITH LDO
1. What do you think of the government services provided in this district?
good Bad Average
Health 1(3.0) 5(15.2) 27(81.8) Agriculture 6(18.2) 4(12.1) 23(81.8) Education 7(21.1) 6(18.2) 20(60.6) Water 9(27.3) 3(9.1) 2(63.6) Sanitation 1(2.9) 25(73.5) 8(23.5) Postal 16(48.5) 17(51.5) Telephone 12(35.3) 7(20.6) 15(44.1) Roads 1 (2.9) 16(47.1) 17(50.0) Electricity 7(20.6) 9(26.5) 18(52.9)
2. What are the difficulties of providing public services in this district ?
Lack resources 22 (68.8) Lack information 1 (3.1) Lack community support 4 (12.5) Lack time 2 (6.3) Political interference 4 (12.5) Bad service delivery 15 (46.9) Lack awareness 16 (50) Construction work 19 (59.4)
3. What services and support do you receive from the central government ?
Nothing 1 (2.9) Financial support 25 (73.5) Policy 14 (41.2) Project 2 (5.9) Training 1 (2.9) Supervision 5 (14.7) Planning 18 (52.9) Autonomous body 5 (14.7)
4. What services/support do you think you should get from central government ?
Nothing 1 (2.9) Financial support 17 (50) Policy 12 (35.3) Planning 10 (29.4) Supervision 5 (14.7) Training 5 (14.7) Project 24 (70.6) Create awareness 11 (32.4)
5. What do you think of the service/support received from the central government ?
Helpful 3 (9.1) Not helpful 4 (12.1) Average 26 (78.8)
6. How could your service to the district be improved ?
No suggestion 1 (2.9) More VDC supervision 10 (29.4) More VDC training 13 (38.2) More information 13 (38.2) More resources 16 (47.1) More listening 9 (26.5) More project 5 (14.7) Financial support 10 (29.4) Autonomous body 4 (11.8)
7. How could the service you receive from the central government be improved ?
No suggestion 1 (2.9) More supervision 6 (17.6) More training 3 (8.8) More information 9 (26.5) More resources 9 (26.5) More community meeting 1 (2.9) Better planning 26 (76.5) Financial support 20 (58.5) Autonomous body 4 (11.8)
8. How do you get information about the needs of the district you serve ?
From DVCC 26 (81.3) From district department 13 (40.6) From people 9 (28.1) From media 4 (12.5) From NGOs 7 (21.9) From key informant 19 (59.4) District profile 5 (15.6)
9. What information do you think you need to help you plan your services to your district?
VDC need 4 (12.5) Production level 2 (6.3) Info. On Children/women 1 (3.1) Planning 13(40.6) People's need 6 (18.8) Resources 8 (25.0) Community need 10 (31.3) District profile 26 (81.3)
10. Is it easy to co-ordinate the activities of different line ministries in the district?
Easy 9 (28.1) Difficult 5 (15.6) Possible 18 (53.6)
11. How are VDC priorities reflected in the DDC's plans ?
Not reflected 1 (3.0) In project 1 (3.0) In training 1 (3.0) Lack of source 10 (30.3) People's need 13 (39.4) Information sharing 23 (69.7) Income generation project 3 (9.1) District profile 12 (36.4) Development work 10 (30.3)
12. How are DDC priorities reflected in VDC plans in this district ?
Not reflected 2 (6.1) District profile 2 (6.1) Community groups 5 (15.2) people's need 4 (12.1) Plan and programme 26 (78.8) Information sharing 11 (33.3) Coordination 25 (75.8) Income generation programme 2 (6.1) Autonomous body 2 (6.1)