Ecological context of infant mortality in high-focus states of India

Type Journal Article - Epidemiology and health
Title Ecological context of infant mortality in high-focus states of India
Author(s)
Volume 38
Publication (Day/Month/Year) 2016
URL http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26971696
Abstract
OBJECTIVES:
This goal of this study was to shed light on the ecological context as a potential determinant of the infant mortality rate in nine high-focus states in India.
METHODS:
Data from the Annual Health Survey (2010-2011), the Census of India (2011), and the District Level Household and Facility Survey 3 (2007-08) were used in this study. In multiple regression analysis explanatory variable such as underdevelopment is measured by the non-working population, and income inequality, quantified as the proportion of households in the bottom wealth quintile. While, the trickle-down effect of education is measured by female literacy, and investment in health, as reflected by neonatal care facilities in primary health centres.
RESULTS:
A high spatial autocorrelation of district infant mortality rates was observed, and ecological factors were found to have a significant impact on district infant mortality rates. The result also revealed that non-working population and income inequality were found to have a negative effect on the district infant mortality rate. Additionally, female literacy and new-born care facilities were found to have an inverse association with the infant mortality rate.
CONCLUSIONS:
Interventions at the community level can reduce district infant mortality rates.

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