IV Housing Census and IX Population Census of 1981 - IPUMS Subset
Guatemala, 1981
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Reference ID
GTM_1981_PHC_v01_M_v7.5_A_IPUMS
Producer(s)
National Institute of Statistics, IPUMS
Metadata
Created on
Sep 03, 2025
Last modified
Sep 03, 2025
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165
- Data files
- GTM1981_PHC-H-H.dat
- GTM1981_PHC-P-H.dat
Principal occupation (3-digits) (GT1981A_OCC3)
Data file: GTM1981_PHC-P-H.dat
Overview
Type:
Discrete
Decimal:
0
Start:
280
End:
282
Width:
3
Range:
-
Format:
Numeric
Questions and instructions
Literal question
<span class="h2">VII. People in the census household</span></p>
<p><span class="em">Only for those who answered 1, 2, or 3 in question 16</span>
<br />[Questions 17 - 20 are asked for persons who responded 1, 2, or 3 in question 16]</p>
<p>17. Principal occupation</p>
<div class="i1">What principal occupation, type of work or position did you have during the reference week, or in the last job you had? ____</div>
<p><span class="em">Only for those who answered 1, 2, or 3 in question 16</span>
<br />[Questions 17 - 20 are asked for persons who responded 1, 2, or 3 in question 16]</p>
<p>17. Principal occupation</p>
<div class="i1">What principal occupation, type of work or position did you have during the reference week, or in the last job you had? ____</div>
Categories
| Value | Category |
|---|---|
| 001 | Engineers and architects (except electric, mechanic and industrial engineers) |
| 002 | Electrical, mechanical, industrial and chemical engineers |
| 003 | Agronomists, agricultural and technical agricultural engineers |
| 004 | Surveyors and topographers |
| 005 | Designers and draftsmen |
| 009 | Technical, non-professional, attendants of architects; engineers and persons in related occupations |
| 011 | Chemists |
| 012 | Pharmacists |
| 013 | Medical, dental, chemical, pharmaceutical laboratory technicians |
| 019 | Laboratory technicians, n.e.c. |
| 021 | Teachers, instructors and directors of higher education |
| 022 | Teachers of pre-primary and primary education |
| 023 | Teachers in secondary and trade schools |
| 024 | Teachers of special education |
| 029 | Other professors and teachers, n.e.c. |
| 031 | Judges and magistrates |
| 032 | Lawyers |
| 033 | Specialized, except lawyers, legal occupations |
| 039 | Other legal occupations n.e.c. |
| 041 | Physicians and surgeons |
| 042 | Dentist |
| 043 | Professional and other nurses and midwives |
| 044 | Paramedic |
| 045 | Professional and other nurses and midwives |
| 046 | Veterinary |
| 049 | Other medical professionals |
| 051 | Writers, editors and journalists |
| 052 | Musicians and music professionals |
| 053 | Artists and art teachers |
| 054 | Broadcasters and announcers of radio and TV |
| 055 | Actors and the like |
| 056 | Dancers, dance teachers and choristers |
| 057 | Athletes, sportsmen and instructors and sports umpires |
| 061 | Priests and pastors |
| 069 | Other religious workers |
| 071 | Scientists in natural and physical sciences, n.e.c. |
| 072 | Specialists in social and human sciences |
| 073 | Specialists in economic and mathematical sciences |
| 074 | Accountants and Auditors |
| 075 | Computer programmers and systems analyst |
| 091 | Librarians and archivists |
| 092 | Photographers and camera men -- motion picture and television |
| 093 | Social workers |
| 094 | Personnel administration experts and job analysts |
| 099 | Other persons in related occupations, n.e.c. |
| 111 | Directors and managers - national administration |
| 112 | Directors and managers - regional or local administration |
| 113 | Employees of administrative agencies |
| 114 | Diplomatic and consular personnel |
| 115 | Employees of international entities |
| 116 | Supervisors and inspectors of all kinds (except education and transport) |
| 120 | Directors and managers - wholesale trade (including importers, exporters, and suppliers) |
| 121 | Directors and managers - retail trade of food products |
| 122 | Directors and managers - retail trade of general merchandise |
| 123 | Directors and managers - retail trade of apparel and footwear |
| 124 | Directors and managers - retail trade of furniture, fixtures and household appliances |
| 125 | Directors and managers - retail trade of hardware, farm implements and building materials |
| 126 | Directors and managers - retail trade of motor vehicles and accessories |
| 127 | Directors and managers - retail trade of gasoline filling stations |
| 128 | Directors and managers - retail trade of drugs and allied products |
| 129 | Directors and managers - retail trade n.e.c. |
| 131 | Factory directors, managers, and allied administrators |
| 132 | Construction and electricity contractors |
| 133 | Directors and managers - finance, insurance and real estate |
| 134 | Directors and managers - communications and transport |
| 135 | Directors and managers - service industries |
| 139 | Other owners, administrators and employees, n.e.c. |
| 211 | Secretaries, typists and stenographers |
| 212 | Office machine operators |
| 221 | Cashiers and bank tellers |
| 222 | Telephone operators |
| 223 | Telegraph operators |
| 224 | Mail carriers |
| 225 | Persons in administrative occupations in transport |
| 226 | Other transport workers |
| 231 | Messengers and errand boys |
| 232 | Unskilled office workers |
| 233 | Collectors, bill and account |
| 236 | Other non-specialized office workers and related occupations |
| 311 | Traveling salesmen, commission salesmen and manufacturers' agents |
| 312 | Real estate agents and brokers |
| 313 | Insurance agents and brokers |
| 319 | Other specialized vendors, n.e.c. |
| 321 | Newsboys |
| 322 | Lottery agent |
| 323 | Street vendors and hucksters |
| 331 | Other sellers and salesclerks |
| 339 | Sales proprietors |
| 411 | Farmers and graziers |
| 421 | Farm managers or supervisors (farm, estate, etc) |
| 431 | Workers or farm hands |
| 432 | Gardeners or ground-keepers |
| 433 | Specialized agricultural sprayers |
| 441 | Fishermen and similar occupations |
| 442 | Hunters, trappers, and persons in related occupations |
| 451 | Lumbermen, raftsmen, and woodchoppers |
| 452 | Foremen, inspectors, meters (cutting wood) |
| 453 | Other forests and wild production workers |
| 521 | Miners, workers and laborers in metal mines |
| 531 | Occupations in the exploitation of quarries and extraction of stone, clay, and sand |
| 532 | Occupations in the extraction of non-metallic minerals and oil (except quarries) |
| 611 | Drivers of locomotives |
| 612 | Locomotive firemen |
| 621 | Chauffeurs, car or taxi drivers |
| 622 | Drivers of trucks, buses and tractors |
| 629 | Other occupations in the driving of motor vehicles |
| 631 | Teamsters and other animal drawn vehicles |
| 632 | Responsible for delivery |
| 641 | Officers and pilots |
| 642 | Sailors |
| 643 | Bargemen and the like |
| 651 | Aircraft pilots and navigators |
| 652 | Air hostesses and flight attendants |
| 653 | Flight engineers |
| 711 | Automobile mechanics and repairmen |
| 712 | Aircraft mechanics and repairmen |
| 713 | Mechanics: erection, installation and repair of factory machinery |
| 714 | Railway mechanics and repairmen |
| 715 | Mechanics and repairmen of boats, powerboats and the like |
| 716 | Mechanics and repairmen of bicycles and motorcycles |
| 719 | Other mechanics and repairmen of transportation, n.e.c. |
| 721 | Builders and repairmen of radios, record players and televisions (electric or not) |
| 722 | Other electrical appliances mechanics and repairmen |
| 723 | Operators and repairmen of cinema, radio and television |
| 724 | Installers and repairmen of electrical lines, communications and telecommunications |
| 725 | Mechanics and repairmen of equipment for measurement, accuracy and control |
| 729 | Other mechanics and repairmen, n.e.c. |
| 731 | Spinners |
| 732 | Weavers |
| 733 | Dyers |
| 734 | Other occupations in the manufacturing of yarns and fabrics |
| 735 | Makers of rugs, carpets and similar products |
| 736 | Makers of textile or knitted fabrics and related products |
| 741 | Tailors |
| 742 | Seamstresses and dressmakers |
| 743 | Other occupations in the manufacture of clothing and other textiles |
| 744 | Hat makers (except tailor shop) |
| 745 | Shoemakers |
| 749 | Makers of leather products (except footwear) |
| 751 | Wood loggers and other workers at sawmills |
| 752 | Makers of furniture and home furnishings |
| 753 | Manufacturers of other products of wood and similar materials |
| 754 | Upholsterers |
| 755 | Cabinetmakers |
| 756 | Metal furniture manufacturers |
| 759 | Other workers in furniture manufacturing |
| 761 | Butchers, meat cutters and related occupations |
| 762 | Bakers and pastry cooks |
| 763 | Pastry chefs, confectioners and bakery or confectionery workers |
| 764 | Millers and other mill operators |
| 765 | Distillers, brewers and other manufacturers of drinks |
| 766 | Operators in other food preparing and preserving occupations |
| 767 | Cigar and cigarette makers and other tobacco operatives |
| 769 | Other workers in food, beverages, tobacco industries and related |
| 771 | Masons, bricklayers, stucco plasterers and cement or concrete finishers |
| 772 | Blacksmiths, tinsmiths, hackberries, forgemen, boilermakers and sheet metal workers |
| 773 | Electricians |
| 774 | Operators of cranes, tractors and construction machinery |
| 776 | Plumbers |
| 777 | Other specialized workers in construction works |
| 778 | Smelters, molders and foundry related occupations |
| 781 | Typesetters, compositors, printers, linotypists, lithographers, photoengravers, engravers and the like |
| 782 | Bookbinders |
| 783 | Skilled workers, n.e.c. in the manufacture of paper and its products |
| 789 | Other workers in the graphic arts, n.e.c. |
| 791 | Stationery engine operators and firemen |
| 792 | Painters, varnishers and paperhangers |
| 793 | Skilled workers, n.e.c. in the manufacture of chemicals and rubber |
| 794 | Skilled workers, n.e.c. in the manufacture of stone, clay and glass products |
| 795 | Skilled workers n.e.c. in manufacturing machinery, metal products and transport equipment |
| 796 | Skilled workers, n.e.c. in other manufacturing industries |
| 797 | Jewelers, watchmakers, goldsmiths and silversmiths |
| 798 | Polishers, burnishers and filers of metal |
| 812 | Packers and wrappers |
| 813 | Markers and labellers in factory |
| 819 | Manufacturing workers, n.e.c. |
| 821 | Topographic occupations |
| 822 | Construction n.e.c. (except unskilled) workers |
| 829 | Unskilled construction workers, n.e.c. |
| 831 | Stevedores and dock workers |
| 832 | Other laborers and workers in the handling or storage of cargo, goods and materials |
| 841 | Laborers in laundry, dry cleaning and ironing establishments |
| 843 | Workers and laborers n.e.c. - garage and automobile services |
| 844 | Laborers in government services, n.e.c. |
| 845 | Laborers in recreational services n.e.c., groundskeeper, scorekeeper, caddy, gambling operator, stagehand |
| 846 | Workers and laborers n.e.c. - communications and public utilities |
| 849 | Other workers, n.e.c. |
| 911 | Housekeeper |
| 912 | Laundresses in private households |
| 913 | Housecleaning servants and maids |
| 921 | Cooks (except private household) |
| 922 | Bartenders |
| 923 | Waiters and similar (except private households) |
| 925 | Stewards and the like (except private households) |
| 929 | Other workers in accommodation and food services, n.e.c. |
| 931 | Barbers, hairdressers, manicurists and employees in beauty salons |
| 933 | Attendants in hospitals and similar institutions |
| 938 | Ushers and gatekeepers |
| 939 | Sprayers and employees in health campaigns |
| 941 | Janitors, sweepers and cloakroom attendants |
| 942 | Guardians and caregivers |
| 943 | Cleaners and polishers |
| 949 | Other service workers |
| 951 | Police and detectives |
| 952 | Surveillance and related occupations |
| 953 | Firemen |
| 959 | Other workers in the protection and surveillance, n.e.c. |
| 961 | Officers and soldiers |
| 962 | Chiefs and military officers |
| 998 | Unknown |
| 999 | NIU (not in universe) |
Warning: these figures indicate the number of cases found in the data file. They cannot be interpreted as summary statistics of the population of interest.
Interviewer instructions
<svar v=" GT81A428 GT81A429 GT81A430 GT81A431 GT81A432 GT81A433 GT81A434 GT81A435 GT81A436 GT81A437 GT81A438 GT81A439 GT81A440 GT81A441 GT81A442 GT81A443"><span class="h2">D. Fourth block: economic characteristics (for those 10 years of age and older).</span><br /><br />Questions 16 through 20 are only presented to those 10 years of age and older.<br /></svar></p>
<p><svar v="GT81A429 GT81A430 GT81A431 GT81A432 GT81A433">Note: questions 17-20 are only presented to those who answered 1, 2, or 3 for question 16. For those answering 4-9, an "X" is marked in all of the spaces for questions 17-20.<br /></svar></p>
<p><svar a="all" v="GT81A429"><span class="em">Question 17: principal occupation</span><br /><br />This question is only presented to those who were classified in alternatives 1, 2, or 3 in question 16.<br /><br />1. How to formulate the question<br /><br />What principal occupation, type of work, or trade did you carry out during the reference week (March 16-22) or in the last job that you had?<br /><br />Principal occupation is understood to be the occupation that provides the highest income or that which takes most of the enumerated person's time.<br /><br />2. How to record the data<br /><br />The principal occupation is written down in the space provided.<br /><br />A word or phrase that exactly describes the type of work that the enumerated person carries, or carried out should be used. Generic terms that do not give a clear idea of the type of work (e.g. worker, employee, office worker, or other similar descriptions) should be avoided.<br /><br />To illustrate this further, the following examples are provided:<br />[The original document includes a table below.]<br /><br />[Column headings:]<br />(A) Incorrect answer for principal occupation<br />(B) Correct answer for principal occupation<br /><br />Incorrect answer for principal occupation: agricultural worker<br />Correct answer for principal occupation: cowboy; milker; coffee picker.<br /><br /><span class="pg">[p. 80]</span><br /><br />Incorrect answer for principal occupation: mechanic<br />Correct answer for principal occupation: auto mechanic; technician who makes dental parts; airplane mechanic.<br /><br />Incorrect answer for principal occupation: office worker<br />Correct answer for principal occupation: typist, secretary; bookkeeper; file clerk.<br />Incorrect answer for principal occupation: construction worker<br />Correct answer for principal occupation: mason; plumber; carpenter; house painter.<br /><br />Incorrect answer for principal occupation: engineer<br />Correct answer for principal occupation: civil engineer, sanitary engineer, mechanical engineer, chemist engineer.<br /><br />Incorrect answer for principal occupation: specialist<br />Correct answer for principal occupation: agronomist, accountant, specialist in marketing, industrial expert, specialist in agriculture.<br /><br /><span class="pg">[p. 81]</span><br /><br />Incorrect answer for principal occupation: technician<br />Correct answer for principal occupation: agricultural technician, biological and agronomical technician, technician in construction costs, technician in electronics.<br /><br />Incorrect answer for principal occupation: draftsman<br />Correct answer for principal occupation: general draftsman, draftsman in civil engineering, drawer of publications, illustrator.<br /><br />Incorrect answer for principal occupation: teacher<br />Correct answer for principal occupation: primary school teacher; rural teacher.<br /><br />Incorrect answer for principal occupation: director<br />Correct answer for principal occupation: primary school director, secondary-school director, director of institutes.<br /><br />Incorrect answer for principal occupation: professor<br />Correct answer for principal occupation: college professor, physical education instructor, language teacher, home education teacher, teacher for blind persons, professor of Neurological Units Institutes.<br /><br /><span class="pg">[p. 82]</span><br /><br />Incorrect answer for principal occupation: professional<br />Correct answer for principal occupation: geologist, sociologist, anthropologist, economist, statistician, doctor and surgeon, accountant and public auditor.<br /><br />Incorrect answer for principal occupation: analyst<br />Correct answer for principal occupation: analyst in marketing, systems analyst, professions analyst.<br /><br />Incorrect answer for principal occupation: public employee<br />Correct answer for principal occupation: president of organizations (executive, legislative, and judicial), vice president of organizations (executive, legislative and judicial), minister of State, vice minister, comptroller of accounts, municipal secretary, executive director, diplomatic, ambassador, customs worker, official.<br /><br /><span class="pg">[p. 83]</span><br /><br />Incorrect answer for principal occupation: manager<br />Correct answer for principal occupation: wholesale trade manager and administrator; manager and administrator of retail trade of food products; retail trade manager and administrator; manager and administrator of retail trade of clothing and footwear; manager and administrator of retail trade of vehicles, engines, and accessories; manager of manufacturing enterprise; manager of construction enterprise; financial manager; sales manager; administrative manager.<br /><br />Incorrect answer for principal occupation: administrator<br />Correct answer for principal occupation: manufacturing company administrator, construction company administrator, <span class="lang">Montepío</span> administrator, hotel manager, mining administrator.<br /><br />Incorrect answer for principal occupation: operator<br />Correct answer for principal occupation: operator of accountant machines, operator of ribbons and cards drills, radio operator.<br /><br /><span class="pg">[p. 84]</span><br /><br />Incorrect answer for principal occupation: agent<br />Correct answer for principal occupation: air traffic agent, shipping company agent, station agent, tourism agent, broker, insurance agent, advertising sales agent.<br /><br />Incorrect answer for principal occupation: laborer<br />Correct answer for principal occupation: agricultural laborer, agricultural laborer of vegetables, agricultural laborer of cotton, milker, agricultural laborer of sugarcane.<br /><br />Incorrect answer for principal occupation: weaver<br />Correct answer for principal occupation: loom operator; hat maker; hammock maker.<br /><br />Finally, it is necessary to point out that, for professionals, the occupation usually corresponds to the profession.<br /><br />However, some professionals could have carried out occupations outside of their specialty, in which case the occupation carried out is recorded and not the profession. For example, if a medical surgeon acted as the director of a hospital, the principal occupation is recorded: hospital director; if a lawyer worked as the manager of a textile company, the enumerator will write down: textile company manager.<br /><br />If a person carries out various occupations that cannot be limited to one, the principal occupation should be determined according to the instructions given previously.<br /><br /><span class="pg">[p. 85]</span><br /><br />3. Example:<br /><br />[These instructions refer to a graphic of question 17 of the census form]<br /></svar>
<p><svar v="GT81A429 GT81A430 GT81A431 GT81A432 GT81A433">Note: questions 17-20 are only presented to those who answered 1, 2, or 3 for question 16. For those answering 4-9, an "X" is marked in all of the spaces for questions 17-20.<br /></svar></p>
<p><svar a="all" v="GT81A429"><span class="em">Question 17: principal occupation</span><br /><br />This question is only presented to those who were classified in alternatives 1, 2, or 3 in question 16.<br /><br />1. How to formulate the question<br /><br />What principal occupation, type of work, or trade did you carry out during the reference week (March 16-22) or in the last job that you had?<br /><br />Principal occupation is understood to be the occupation that provides the highest income or that which takes most of the enumerated person's time.<br /><br />2. How to record the data<br /><br />The principal occupation is written down in the space provided.<br /><br />A word or phrase that exactly describes the type of work that the enumerated person carries, or carried out should be used. Generic terms that do not give a clear idea of the type of work (e.g. worker, employee, office worker, or other similar descriptions) should be avoided.<br /><br />To illustrate this further, the following examples are provided:<br />[The original document includes a table below.]<br /><br />[Column headings:]<br />(A) Incorrect answer for principal occupation<br />(B) Correct answer for principal occupation<br /><br />Incorrect answer for principal occupation: agricultural worker<br />Correct answer for principal occupation: cowboy; milker; coffee picker.<br /><br /><span class="pg">[p. 80]</span><br /><br />Incorrect answer for principal occupation: mechanic<br />Correct answer for principal occupation: auto mechanic; technician who makes dental parts; airplane mechanic.<br /><br />Incorrect answer for principal occupation: office worker<br />Correct answer for principal occupation: typist, secretary; bookkeeper; file clerk.<br />Incorrect answer for principal occupation: construction worker<br />Correct answer for principal occupation: mason; plumber; carpenter; house painter.<br /><br />Incorrect answer for principal occupation: engineer<br />Correct answer for principal occupation: civil engineer, sanitary engineer, mechanical engineer, chemist engineer.<br /><br />Incorrect answer for principal occupation: specialist<br />Correct answer for principal occupation: agronomist, accountant, specialist in marketing, industrial expert, specialist in agriculture.<br /><br /><span class="pg">[p. 81]</span><br /><br />Incorrect answer for principal occupation: technician<br />Correct answer for principal occupation: agricultural technician, biological and agronomical technician, technician in construction costs, technician in electronics.<br /><br />Incorrect answer for principal occupation: draftsman<br />Correct answer for principal occupation: general draftsman, draftsman in civil engineering, drawer of publications, illustrator.<br /><br />Incorrect answer for principal occupation: teacher<br />Correct answer for principal occupation: primary school teacher; rural teacher.<br /><br />Incorrect answer for principal occupation: director<br />Correct answer for principal occupation: primary school director, secondary-school director, director of institutes.<br /><br />Incorrect answer for principal occupation: professor<br />Correct answer for principal occupation: college professor, physical education instructor, language teacher, home education teacher, teacher for blind persons, professor of Neurological Units Institutes.<br /><br /><span class="pg">[p. 82]</span><br /><br />Incorrect answer for principal occupation: professional<br />Correct answer for principal occupation: geologist, sociologist, anthropologist, economist, statistician, doctor and surgeon, accountant and public auditor.<br /><br />Incorrect answer for principal occupation: analyst<br />Correct answer for principal occupation: analyst in marketing, systems analyst, professions analyst.<br /><br />Incorrect answer for principal occupation: public employee<br />Correct answer for principal occupation: president of organizations (executive, legislative, and judicial), vice president of organizations (executive, legislative and judicial), minister of State, vice minister, comptroller of accounts, municipal secretary, executive director, diplomatic, ambassador, customs worker, official.<br /><br /><span class="pg">[p. 83]</span><br /><br />Incorrect answer for principal occupation: manager<br />Correct answer for principal occupation: wholesale trade manager and administrator; manager and administrator of retail trade of food products; retail trade manager and administrator; manager and administrator of retail trade of clothing and footwear; manager and administrator of retail trade of vehicles, engines, and accessories; manager of manufacturing enterprise; manager of construction enterprise; financial manager; sales manager; administrative manager.<br /><br />Incorrect answer for principal occupation: administrator<br />Correct answer for principal occupation: manufacturing company administrator, construction company administrator, <span class="lang">Montepío</span> administrator, hotel manager, mining administrator.<br /><br />Incorrect answer for principal occupation: operator<br />Correct answer for principal occupation: operator of accountant machines, operator of ribbons and cards drills, radio operator.<br /><br /><span class="pg">[p. 84]</span><br /><br />Incorrect answer for principal occupation: agent<br />Correct answer for principal occupation: air traffic agent, shipping company agent, station agent, tourism agent, broker, insurance agent, advertising sales agent.<br /><br />Incorrect answer for principal occupation: laborer<br />Correct answer for principal occupation: agricultural laborer, agricultural laborer of vegetables, agricultural laborer of cotton, milker, agricultural laborer of sugarcane.<br /><br />Incorrect answer for principal occupation: weaver<br />Correct answer for principal occupation: loom operator; hat maker; hammock maker.<br /><br />Finally, it is necessary to point out that, for professionals, the occupation usually corresponds to the profession.<br /><br />However, some professionals could have carried out occupations outside of their specialty, in which case the occupation carried out is recorded and not the profession. For example, if a medical surgeon acted as the director of a hospital, the principal occupation is recorded: hospital director; if a lawyer worked as the manager of a textile company, the enumerator will write down: textile company manager.<br /><br />If a person carries out various occupations that cannot be limited to one, the principal occupation should be determined according to the instructions given previously.<br /><br /><span class="pg">[p. 85]</span><br /><br />3. Example:<br /><br />[These instructions refer to a graphic of question 17 of the census form]<br /></svar>
Description
Definition
This variable indicates the occupation (at 3-digits) performed by the person last week or in his last job.
Universe
Guatemala 1981: Persons age 10+ who ever worked [discrepancies: none]
concept
Concept
| var_concept.title | Vocabulary |
|---|---|
| Work: Occupation Variables -- PERSON | IPUMS |