National Occupation and Employment Survey (ENOE), 2009
LFS-Q1, IPUMS Harmonized Subset
Mexico, 2009
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Reference ID
MEX_2009_LFS-Q1_v01_M_v7.5_A_IPUMS
Producer(s)
Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática (INEGI), IPUMS
Created on
Sep 03, 2025
Last modified
Sep 03, 2025
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486
- Data files
- MEX2009_LFS-Q1-H-H.dat
- MEX2009_LFS-Q1-P-H.dat
Ever lost a job or business and had to find another (MX2009H_P9)
Data file: MEX2009_LFS-Q1-P-H.dat
Overview
Type:
Discrete
Decimal:
0
Start:
809
End:
809
Width:
1
Range:
-
Format:
Numeric
Questions and instructions
Literal question
<div class="title">Employment and Occupation Questionnaire (Extended)</div></p>
<p><span class="h1">IX. Employment history</span></p>
<p>9. Has [the respondent] ever lost his/her job and had to search for another one?</p>
<div class="i1">[] 1 Yes<br />[] 2 No (skip to 10)<br />[] 9 Doesn't know (skip to 10)</div>
<p><span class="h1">IX. Employment history</span></p>
<p>9. Has [the respondent] ever lost his/her job and had to search for another one?</p>
<div class="i1">[] 1 Yes<br />[] 2 No (skip to 10)<br />[] 9 Doesn't know (skip to 10)</div>
Categories
| Value | Category |
|---|---|
| 0 | NIU (not in universe) |
| 1 | Yes, ever lost a job |
| 2 | No |
| 3 | Does not know |
| 9 | Unknown |
Warning: these figures indicate the number of cases found in the data file. They cannot be interpreted as summary statistics of the population of interest.
Interviewer instructions
<span class="h2">7.11 Battery IX. Work history</span>
<br />This battery of questions focuses on inquiring about the characteristics of the last job that was lost or left in the interviewed population, such as: context in which this situation occurred and the time frame (if it occurred during the current year or in prior years), the cause, type of occupation that was performed, the type of activities to which the economic unit for which the person worked was dedicated, the type of employment benefits, income received and current availability of economic income derived from that lost employment relationship, in order to assess the quality of that job in relation to the most recent one.</p>
<p>This battery of questions distinguishes three types of sequences; two of them are aimed at subordinate workers, with a view toward identifying those who lost their job due to difficulties centered more on employment conditions of the market and by their own decision, respectively; and the third sequence identifies the main reasons why independent workers left or lost their business or activity.</p>
<p><span class="em">Question 9</span>
<br />This question is asked to the employed population to identify those who, at some point in their working life, were left unemployed.</p>
<p>[Omitted figure]</p>
<p>Conceptual clarifications:
<br /><span class="em">Found themselves unemployed</span>. This concept applies to independent and subordinate workers, who at some point in their working life had to break the employment connection, either voluntarily or involuntarily, with an economic unit.</p>
<p>The termination of the employment relationship could have occurred in the main job or in the secondary, if the person had more than one job. It is important to note that if the interviewee reports having broken their employment connection with more than one economic unit throughout their working life, you should identify the most recent.</p>
<p>The concept excludes those who work seasonally for an economic unit, because that means they only suspended their activities with that economic unit for a time. They do not permanently terminate their employment relationship with that economic unit.</p>
<p>The following table shows the cases in which a person is considered to have broken their employment connection with an economic unit:</p>
<p>They broke an employment connection:</p>
<div class="i1">1. Workers who changed positions within the occupation: subordinate to independent, or conversely, independent to subordinate.<br /><br />Examples:</div><div class="i2">- Sebastián worked in a factory as a laborer, he left this job to open his own business.<br />- Alan was a merchant, but as he sold very little, he left this job and obtained employment in a government office.<br />- Armando was an unpaid family worker and now runs the family business.</div><div class="i1">2. Subordinate workers who obtained another job, without having resigned from the first, until their entry in the second was guaranteed, knowing they were going to be fired or after deciding that the job they had been performing to that point did not meet their expectations.<br /><br />Examples:</div><div class="i2">- Lucía signed a contract in her current job before leaving her previous job.<br />- Edgar was fired, but fortunately he had already been offered another job, such that he entered it one day after he left the other economic unit.</div><div class="i1">3. Subordinate workers who have had employment connections with two or more economic units at a different time.<br /><br />Examples:</div><div class="i2">- Fernando has worked for several companies seeking better benefits, the current one meets his expectations.<br />- Agustín worked before as a trainee in a hospital, and currently works in an accounting firm.<br />- Mario worked for INEGI and now he</div><p>They maintain their employment connection with the same economic unit:</p>
<div class="i1">1. Subordinate workers who have only changed positions within the same economic unit.<br /><br />Examples:</div><div class="i2">- Alma started as a receptionist in the same clinic where she is now a nurse.<br />- Ricardo started as a literary editor for the newspaper "La Novedad", and is now the editor in chief.</div><div class="i1">2. Independent or subordinate workers who, on a recurring basis, from time to time return to work for the same economic unit. This is not considered a break in the employment connection, their activities with that economic unit were only suspended, temporarily.<br /><br />Example:</div><div class="i2">- The farm hired laborer who returns year after year to the same economic units to harvest agricultural products.<br />- Gerónimo who works for the same restaurant as a cook each school vacation period.<br />- In summer, Juan Luis prepares and sells ice cream, and in December sells toys.<br />- Refugio who only opens his gift wrapping business at Christmas.</div><div class="i1">3. Workers who work for the same economic unit, but in a different place. They are not considered to have lost a job, as they continue working under the same budgetary term or in the same economic unit.<br /><br />Examples:</div><div class="i2">- The teacher who moved to another federal entity when the SEP authorized a transfer he had requested.</div><div class="i1">They broke an employment connection:<br /><br />Works for a private company.<br />- Efraín had his own business and now works for a government institution.<br /><br />4. Independent workers who at some point in their working life changed their line of business permanently.<br /><br />Examples:</div><div class="i2">- Juan was a farm worker, but migrated to the city, so since then he has worked as a mason.<br />- Marcelino was a contract manufacturer, but chose to leave that job and now works in commerce.</div><div class="i1">5. Employed persons who have returned to work for the same economic unit with which they had broken their employment connection.<br /><br />Examples:</div><div class="i2">- Juanita has just returned to work at the government agency for which she worked six years ago when she asked for voluntary resignation to dedicate herself to her home.<br />- Jorge returned to work at the same factory, at the request of his old employers.</div><div class="i1">6. Independent or subordinate workers who lost or left one of the jobs they had: the main or the secondary.<br /><br />Examples:</div><div class="i2">- Beatriz resigned from her secondary job on weekends because in the main (which she worked Monday to Friday) she was offered a good salary.<br />- José Ángel had to leave his main job as a merchant because it was no longer profitable, so he was kept the secondary job (municipal employee).</div><p>They maintain their employment connection with the same economic unit:</p>
<div class="i1">- The independent worker who had a laundry in the State of Mexico and now is in Puebla.</div><p>Instructions:</p>
<div class="i1">- Loss of more than one job. If a worker states they broke their employment connection with more than one economic unit throughout their working life, ask which break was the most recent.<br /><br />Example:</div><div class="i2">- Ángel, until now has had three jobs. In the first he was a pizza delivery man. He left it because it was very risky. Then he worked as a security guard, but he was fired for sleeping during the workday, and the current. When obtaining the information, record the job as a security guard.<br />- Sequence to follow. If you circle option 1, continue with the following question. If you circle option 2 or 9, go to question 10.</div>
<br />This battery of questions focuses on inquiring about the characteristics of the last job that was lost or left in the interviewed population, such as: context in which this situation occurred and the time frame (if it occurred during the current year or in prior years), the cause, type of occupation that was performed, the type of activities to which the economic unit for which the person worked was dedicated, the type of employment benefits, income received and current availability of economic income derived from that lost employment relationship, in order to assess the quality of that job in relation to the most recent one.</p>
<p>This battery of questions distinguishes three types of sequences; two of them are aimed at subordinate workers, with a view toward identifying those who lost their job due to difficulties centered more on employment conditions of the market and by their own decision, respectively; and the third sequence identifies the main reasons why independent workers left or lost their business or activity.</p>
<p><span class="em">Question 9</span>
<br />This question is asked to the employed population to identify those who, at some point in their working life, were left unemployed.</p>
<p>[Omitted figure]</p>
<p>Conceptual clarifications:
<br /><span class="em">Found themselves unemployed</span>. This concept applies to independent and subordinate workers, who at some point in their working life had to break the employment connection, either voluntarily or involuntarily, with an economic unit.</p>
<p>The termination of the employment relationship could have occurred in the main job or in the secondary, if the person had more than one job. It is important to note that if the interviewee reports having broken their employment connection with more than one economic unit throughout their working life, you should identify the most recent.</p>
<p>The concept excludes those who work seasonally for an economic unit, because that means they only suspended their activities with that economic unit for a time. They do not permanently terminate their employment relationship with that economic unit.</p>
<p>The following table shows the cases in which a person is considered to have broken their employment connection with an economic unit:</p>
<p>They broke an employment connection:</p>
<div class="i1">1. Workers who changed positions within the occupation: subordinate to independent, or conversely, independent to subordinate.<br /><br />Examples:</div><div class="i2">- Sebastián worked in a factory as a laborer, he left this job to open his own business.<br />- Alan was a merchant, but as he sold very little, he left this job and obtained employment in a government office.<br />- Armando was an unpaid family worker and now runs the family business.</div><div class="i1">2. Subordinate workers who obtained another job, without having resigned from the first, until their entry in the second was guaranteed, knowing they were going to be fired or after deciding that the job they had been performing to that point did not meet their expectations.<br /><br />Examples:</div><div class="i2">- Lucía signed a contract in her current job before leaving her previous job.<br />- Edgar was fired, but fortunately he had already been offered another job, such that he entered it one day after he left the other economic unit.</div><div class="i1">3. Subordinate workers who have had employment connections with two or more economic units at a different time.<br /><br />Examples:</div><div class="i2">- Fernando has worked for several companies seeking better benefits, the current one meets his expectations.<br />- Agustín worked before as a trainee in a hospital, and currently works in an accounting firm.<br />- Mario worked for INEGI and now he</div><p>They maintain their employment connection with the same economic unit:</p>
<div class="i1">1. Subordinate workers who have only changed positions within the same economic unit.<br /><br />Examples:</div><div class="i2">- Alma started as a receptionist in the same clinic where she is now a nurse.<br />- Ricardo started as a literary editor for the newspaper "La Novedad", and is now the editor in chief.</div><div class="i1">2. Independent or subordinate workers who, on a recurring basis, from time to time return to work for the same economic unit. This is not considered a break in the employment connection, their activities with that economic unit were only suspended, temporarily.<br /><br />Example:</div><div class="i2">- The farm hired laborer who returns year after year to the same economic units to harvest agricultural products.<br />- Gerónimo who works for the same restaurant as a cook each school vacation period.<br />- In summer, Juan Luis prepares and sells ice cream, and in December sells toys.<br />- Refugio who only opens his gift wrapping business at Christmas.</div><div class="i1">3. Workers who work for the same economic unit, but in a different place. They are not considered to have lost a job, as they continue working under the same budgetary term or in the same economic unit.<br /><br />Examples:</div><div class="i2">- The teacher who moved to another federal entity when the SEP authorized a transfer he had requested.</div><div class="i1">They broke an employment connection:<br /><br />Works for a private company.<br />- Efraín had his own business and now works for a government institution.<br /><br />4. Independent workers who at some point in their working life changed their line of business permanently.<br /><br />Examples:</div><div class="i2">- Juan was a farm worker, but migrated to the city, so since then he has worked as a mason.<br />- Marcelino was a contract manufacturer, but chose to leave that job and now works in commerce.</div><div class="i1">5. Employed persons who have returned to work for the same economic unit with which they had broken their employment connection.<br /><br />Examples:</div><div class="i2">- Juanita has just returned to work at the government agency for which she worked six years ago when she asked for voluntary resignation to dedicate herself to her home.<br />- Jorge returned to work at the same factory, at the request of his old employers.</div><div class="i1">6. Independent or subordinate workers who lost or left one of the jobs they had: the main or the secondary.<br /><br />Examples:</div><div class="i2">- Beatriz resigned from her secondary job on weekends because in the main (which she worked Monday to Friday) she was offered a good salary.<br />- José Ángel had to leave his main job as a merchant because it was no longer profitable, so he was kept the secondary job (municipal employee).</div><p>They maintain their employment connection with the same economic unit:</p>
<div class="i1">- The independent worker who had a laundry in the State of Mexico and now is in Puebla.</div><p>Instructions:</p>
<div class="i1">- Loss of more than one job. If a worker states they broke their employment connection with more than one economic unit throughout their working life, ask which break was the most recent.<br /><br />Example:</div><div class="i2">- Ángel, until now has had three jobs. In the first he was a pizza delivery man. He left it because it was very risky. Then he worked as a security guard, but he was fired for sleeping during the workday, and the current. When obtaining the information, record the job as a security guard.<br />- Sequence to follow. If you circle option 1, continue with the following question. If you circle option 2 or 9, go to question 10.</div>
Description
Definition
This variable indicates whether the respondent ever lost a job or business and had to find another.
Universe
Mexico 2009 Q1 LFS: Present persons age 12+ who were employed
concept
Concept
| var_concept.title | Vocabulary |
|---|---|
| Work Variables -- PERSON | IPUMS |