National Occupation and Employment Survey (ENOE), 2009
LFS-Q1, IPUMS Harmonized Subset
Mexico, 2009
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Reference ID
MEX_2009_LFS-Q1_v01_M_v7.5_A_IPUMS
Producer(s)
Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática (INEGI), IPUMS
Created on
Sep 03, 2025
Last modified
Sep 03, 2025
Page views
438
- Data files
- MEX2009_LFS-Q1-H-H.dat
- MEX2009_LFS-Q1-P-H.dat
Main reason forced to close business (MX2009H_P9E)
Data file: MEX2009_LFS-Q1-P-H.dat
Overview
Type:
Discrete
Decimal:
0
Start:
816
End:
817
Width:
2
Range:
-
Format:
Numeric
Questions and instructions
Literal question
<div class="title">Employment and Occupation Questionnaire (Extended)</div></p>
<p><span class="h1">IX. Employment history</span></p>
<p>9e. What was the main reason [the respondent] had to stop working at his/her business or self-employment activity?</p>
<div class="i1">[First, write the response of the respondent and immediately classify it] ________<br /><br />(Listen, circle, and record the option mentioned by the respondent)<br /><br />[] 01 Excessive debt or bankruptcy<br />[] 02 Increase in cost of rent or supplies<br />[] 03 Sales decreased, excessive competition<br />[] 04 The business resulted less profitable than expected<br />[] 05 Clients defaulted or did not pay (excess in accounts receivable)<br />[] 06 Lack of credit access to continue operating<br />[] 07 Lack of qualified personnel, employee absenteeism, or excessive shift changes<br />[] 08 Issues with suppliers<br />[] 09 Issues with public safety<br />[] 10 Issues with the authorities (extortion, fines)<br />[] 11 Marriage, pregnancy, or family responsibilities<br />[] 12 Family did not want him/her to continue working<br />[] 13 To pursue an education<br />[] 14 None of the above<br />[] 99 Doesn't know</div>
<p><span class="h1">IX. Employment history</span></p>
<p>9e. What was the main reason [the respondent] had to stop working at his/her business or self-employment activity?</p>
<div class="i1">[First, write the response of the respondent and immediately classify it] ________<br /><br />(Listen, circle, and record the option mentioned by the respondent)<br /><br />[] 01 Excessive debt or bankruptcy<br />[] 02 Increase in cost of rent or supplies<br />[] 03 Sales decreased, excessive competition<br />[] 04 The business resulted less profitable than expected<br />[] 05 Clients defaulted or did not pay (excess in accounts receivable)<br />[] 06 Lack of credit access to continue operating<br />[] 07 Lack of qualified personnel, employee absenteeism, or excessive shift changes<br />[] 08 Issues with suppliers<br />[] 09 Issues with public safety<br />[] 10 Issues with the authorities (extortion, fines)<br />[] 11 Marriage, pregnancy, or family responsibilities<br />[] 12 Family did not want him/her to continue working<br />[] 13 To pursue an education<br />[] 14 None of the above<br />[] 99 Doesn't know</div>
Categories
| Value | Category |
|---|---|
| 00 | NIU (not in universe) |
| 01 | Excess debt or filed for bankruptcy |
| 02 | Increase in inputs prices or the rent of premises |
| 03 | Sales fell or excess of competition |
| 04 | Business was less profitable than expected |
| 05 | Customer default (excess in accounts receivable) |
| 06 | Lack of credit to continue operating |
| 07 | Lack of adequate staff, absenteeism, or over-turnover |
| 08 | Non-compliance of suppliers |
| 09 | Public insecurity problems |
| 10 | Problems with the authorities (extortion, fine) |
| 11 | Marriage, pregnancy, and/or family responsibilities |
| 12 | A relative prevented them from continuing to work |
| 13 | Wanted to continue studying |
| 14 | Other reason |
| 99 | Unknown |
Warning: these figures indicate the number of cases found in the data file. They cannot be interpreted as summary statistics of the population of interest.
Interviewer instructions
<span class="h2">7.11 Battery IX. Work history</span>
<br />This battery of questions focuses on inquiring about the characteristics of the last job that was lost or left in the interviewed population, such as: context in which this situation occurred and the time frame (if it occurred during the current year or in prior years), the cause, type of occupation that was performed, the type of activities to which the economic unit for which the person worked was dedicated, the type of employment benefits, income received and current availability of economic income derived from that lost employment relationship, in order to assess the quality of that job in relation to the most recent one.</p>
<p>This battery of questions distinguishes three types of sequences; two of them are aimed at subordinate workers, with a view toward identifying those who lost their job due to difficulties centered more on employment conditions of the market and by their own decision, respectively; and the third sequence identifies the main reasons why independent workers left or lost their business or activity.</p>
<p><span class="em">Question 9e</span>
<br />This question is asked to employed and unemployed persons with work experience who lost their own business, to find out the main reason why they lost it.</p>
<p>[Omitted figure]</p>
<p>Instructions:</p>
<div class="i1">- Ask the informant the question, listen attentively to their response and classify it in one of the following options.<br />- If, when obtaining the information in this question, you detect that it is not an independent worker but rather a subordinate one, return to question 9a and correct the sequence according to the information the interviewee provided to you.<br /><br />01. Excessive debt or filed for bankruptcy</div><div class="i2">- They had to close their business, since it only generated expenses instead of earnings.</div><div class="i1">02. Increase in the price of supplies or rent on the premises</div><div class="i2">- They had to close their business when the price of the raw materials, electricity or fuel, machinery, equipment, rent on the premises, etc. increased.</div><div class="i1">03. Sales dropped, too much competition</div><div class="i2">- They had to close their business due to lack of clients in the marketing, services or production areas: the highest sales season ended, there were no longer any students requesting their services, the fishing season ended, decrease on contract manufacturing work.<br />- The circumstances required them to leave their activity or business as there were other independent workers dedicated to the same line of business where their business or company was, such that it was not profitable to continue working.</div><div class="i1">04. The business was less profitable than expected</div><div class="i2">- They left their business when they realized it was not generating the earnings they hoped for, it was unstable, temporary or seasonal.</div><div class="i1">05. Noncompliance of the clients (excess accounts receivable)</div><div class="i2">- They left their business because their clients did not pay outstanding bills.</div><div class="i1">06. Lack of credit to continue operating</div><div class="i2">- They had to close their business because of a lack of credit to operate, did not obtain a the loan or credit necessary for the business to continue operating.</div><div class="i1">07. Lack of adequate staff, absenteeism or excessive turnover</div><div class="i2">- They had to close their business because their staff was not sufficiently trained or were absent a lot.</div><div class="i1">08. Noncompliance of the suppliers</div><div class="i2">- Those who left their business because their suppliers did not provide the merchandise, raw materials required or they were sent at the wrong time.</div><div class="i1">09. Public insecurity problems</div><div class="i2">- They were required to close their business due to lack of public security: violence in the streets, frequent robberies, etc.</div><div class="i1">10. Problems with the authorities (extortion and fines)</div><div class="i2">- They had to leave their business because even though they had a permit, they were subject to abuse, blackmail or extortion (bribes) by some authority.</div><div class="i1">11. Marriage, pregnancy and/or family responsibilities</div><div class="i2">- They stopped working for these types of reasons.</div><div class="i1">12. A family member prevented them from continuing to work.</div><div class="i2">- They closed their business because someone in their family no longer allowed them to continue working.</div><div class="i1">13. Wanted to continue studying</div><div class="i2">- They left their job with the purpose of continuing their studies.</div><div class="i1">14. None of the above</div><div class="i2">- They had health problems, got tired of working, etc.<br />- Sequence to follow. Regardless of the option you circle, continue with question 9f.</div>
<br />This battery of questions focuses on inquiring about the characteristics of the last job that was lost or left in the interviewed population, such as: context in which this situation occurred and the time frame (if it occurred during the current year or in prior years), the cause, type of occupation that was performed, the type of activities to which the economic unit for which the person worked was dedicated, the type of employment benefits, income received and current availability of economic income derived from that lost employment relationship, in order to assess the quality of that job in relation to the most recent one.</p>
<p>This battery of questions distinguishes three types of sequences; two of them are aimed at subordinate workers, with a view toward identifying those who lost their job due to difficulties centered more on employment conditions of the market and by their own decision, respectively; and the third sequence identifies the main reasons why independent workers left or lost their business or activity.</p>
<p><span class="em">Question 9e</span>
<br />This question is asked to employed and unemployed persons with work experience who lost their own business, to find out the main reason why they lost it.</p>
<p>[Omitted figure]</p>
<p>Instructions:</p>
<div class="i1">- Ask the informant the question, listen attentively to their response and classify it in one of the following options.<br />- If, when obtaining the information in this question, you detect that it is not an independent worker but rather a subordinate one, return to question 9a and correct the sequence according to the information the interviewee provided to you.<br /><br />01. Excessive debt or filed for bankruptcy</div><div class="i2">- They had to close their business, since it only generated expenses instead of earnings.</div><div class="i1">02. Increase in the price of supplies or rent on the premises</div><div class="i2">- They had to close their business when the price of the raw materials, electricity or fuel, machinery, equipment, rent on the premises, etc. increased.</div><div class="i1">03. Sales dropped, too much competition</div><div class="i2">- They had to close their business due to lack of clients in the marketing, services or production areas: the highest sales season ended, there were no longer any students requesting their services, the fishing season ended, decrease on contract manufacturing work.<br />- The circumstances required them to leave their activity or business as there were other independent workers dedicated to the same line of business where their business or company was, such that it was not profitable to continue working.</div><div class="i1">04. The business was less profitable than expected</div><div class="i2">- They left their business when they realized it was not generating the earnings they hoped for, it was unstable, temporary or seasonal.</div><div class="i1">05. Noncompliance of the clients (excess accounts receivable)</div><div class="i2">- They left their business because their clients did not pay outstanding bills.</div><div class="i1">06. Lack of credit to continue operating</div><div class="i2">- They had to close their business because of a lack of credit to operate, did not obtain a the loan or credit necessary for the business to continue operating.</div><div class="i1">07. Lack of adequate staff, absenteeism or excessive turnover</div><div class="i2">- They had to close their business because their staff was not sufficiently trained or were absent a lot.</div><div class="i1">08. Noncompliance of the suppliers</div><div class="i2">- Those who left their business because their suppliers did not provide the merchandise, raw materials required or they were sent at the wrong time.</div><div class="i1">09. Public insecurity problems</div><div class="i2">- They were required to close their business due to lack of public security: violence in the streets, frequent robberies, etc.</div><div class="i1">10. Problems with the authorities (extortion and fines)</div><div class="i2">- They had to leave their business because even though they had a permit, they were subject to abuse, blackmail or extortion (bribes) by some authority.</div><div class="i1">11. Marriage, pregnancy and/or family responsibilities</div><div class="i2">- They stopped working for these types of reasons.</div><div class="i1">12. A family member prevented them from continuing to work.</div><div class="i2">- They closed their business because someone in their family no longer allowed them to continue working.</div><div class="i1">13. Wanted to continue studying</div><div class="i2">- They left their job with the purpose of continuing their studies.</div><div class="i1">14. None of the above</div><div class="i2">- They had health problems, got tired of working, etc.<br />- Sequence to follow. Regardless of the option you circle, continue with question 9f.</div>
Description
Definition
This variable indicates the main reason why the respondent was forced to close business.
Universe
Mexico 2009 Q1 LFS: Present persons age 12+ who were previously employed, except temporarily absent workers, who lost their last job because they closed or left own business
concept
Concept
| var_concept.title | Vocabulary |
|---|---|
| Work Variables -- PERSON | IPUMS |