Home / Central Data Catalog / ESP_2021-2024_WBES_V01_M
central

World Bank Enterprise Survey 2021-2024

Spain, 2019 - 2025
Get Microdata
Reference ID
ESP_2021-2024_WBES_v01_M
Producer(s)
World Bank Group (WBG)
Metadata
Documentation in PDF DDI/XML JSON
Study website
Created on
Dec 18, 2025
Last modified
Dec 18, 2025
Page views
1

Data file: Spain _2021_2024_

Spain 2021 and 2024 World Bank Enterprise Survey panel data

Cases: 2482
Variables: 495

Variables

m1a_electricity_pos
m1a: Position of Electricity
m1a_workforce_pos
m1a: Position of Inadequately educated workforce
m1a_labor_pos
m1a: Position of Labor regulations
m1a_instability_pos
m1a: Position of Political instability
m1a_informal_pos
m1a: Position of Practices of competitors in the informal sector
m1a_taxadmin_pos
m1a: Position of Tax administration
m1a_taxrate_pos
m1a: Position of Tax rates
m1a_transport_pos
m1a: Position of Transport
n2a
Total Labor Cost (Incl. Wages, Salaries, Bonuses, Etc) In Last Fiscal Year
_2024_n2a2
Social security payments and employment-based taxes
n2b
Total Annual Costs of Electricity In Last Fiscal Year
_2024_n2k
Total Annual Cost of Water
_2024_n2l
Total Annual Cost of high-speed, fixed broadband internet
n2e
Cost of Raw Materials And Intermediate Goods Used In Prod. In Last Fiscal Year
n2i
Total Annual Cost of Finished Goods/Materials Bought To Resell In Last FY
n7a
Cost For Establishment To Re-Purchase All of Its Machinery
_2024_n11
Effective income-based tax rate
a15d
Day
a15m
Month
a15y
Year
a15h
Hour
a15min
Minutes
a16
Perception of The Questions Regarding Opinions And Perceptions
a17
Responses To The Questions About Figures Are…
a18
This Questionnaire Was Completed In:
a19h
If Option 2 or 3 In A.18, Estimate Duration of The Whole Interview: Hours
a19m
If Option 2 or 3 In A.18, Estimate Duration of The Whole Interview: Minutes
a13
Supervisor Number
_2024_a1d
Mode of Collection
a3b
official Capital City?
a3c
Main Business City?
a3
Size of Locality
_2024_d1a2_v4
Main Product/Service ISIC (Rev. 4) Code
stratificationregioncode
stratificationregioncode
stratificationsizecode
stratificationsizecode
stratificationsectorcode
stratificationsectorcode
stratificationpanelcode
panelcode
wstrict
Weight according to strict eligibility
wmedian
Weight according to median eligibility
wweak
Weight according to weak eligibility
strata
see notes
_2024_c8
Average Duration of Power Outages: Hours
_2021_a4a_p
Industry Sampling Sector
_2021_a4b
Industry Screener Sector
_2021_a6b
Screener Size, Categorical
_2021_COVa20m_1
Last completed month
_2021_b3
What Percentage of This Firm Does The Largest Owner(S) Own?
_2021_BMb1
% of the Firm Owned By The Same Family
_2021_BMb2
% of Family Members in Key Management Positions
_2021_BMb3
Does Firm have Formalized Written Business Strategy?
_2021_BMb4
Does Firm have Board of Directors or Supervisory Board?
_2021_BMb5
Owner/CEO/Top Manager/Board Member Ever Elected/Appointed to Political Position?
_2021_BMb6
Firm Part of a Business Membership organization/Trade Association/Etc.?
_2021_BMb7
Most Important Business Membership organization establishment/Firm belongs?
_2021_BMb8a
Value of Service: Information/Contacts On International Products & Input Markets
_2021_BMb8b
Value of Service: Accrediting Standards or Quality of Products
_2021_BMb8c
Value of service: Information on government regulations
_2021_BMb8d
Value of service: Influencing regulatory decision-making processes / lobbying
_2021_b6a
Was Establishment Formally Registered When It Began Operations?
_2021_c15
Did You Experience Insufficient Water Supply For Production In Last FY?
_2021_COVc4a
Did this establishment start or increase business activity online in response to
_2021_d1a1x
Main Product/Service (By The Largest % of Annual Sales) In Last Fiscal Year
_2021_COVb2a
Change in sales for last completed month compared with the same month in 2019
_2021_COVb2b
By what percentage did the sales increase?
_2021_COVb2c
By what percentage did the sales decrease?
_2021_BMd1a
Total sales expected to increase, decrease, or stay the same?
_2021_BMd1b
Expected Annual Sales Growth Next Year
_2021_d5a
In Clearing Exports Through Customs,Informal Gift/Payment Expected or Requested?
_2021_d6
In Last FY, Export Losses Due To Theft As % of Value of Products
_2021_d7
In Last FY, Export Losses Due To Breakage or Spoilage As % of Value of Products
_2021_d10
In Last FY, % of Value of Products Lost In Transit Due To Theft
_2021_d11
In Last FY, % of Value of Products Lost In Transit Due To Breakage or Spoilage?
_2021_d15a
In Clearing Imports Through Customs,Informal Gift/Payment Expected or Requested?
_2021_COVc2b
Change in demand for last completed month compared with the same month in 2019
_2021_COVc2c
Change in supply for last completed month compared with the same month in 2019
_2021_h3x
Describe In Detail The Main New or Significantly Improved Product or Service
_2021_h4x
Describe How The Main New/Significantly Improved Product or Service Is Different
_2021_h6x
Describe Main New/Significantly Improved Process This Establishment Introduced
_2021_h7x
How The Main New/Significantly Improved Process Is Different
_2021_BMh1
During Last 3 Yrs, Establishment Spent On Acquisition of External Knowledge?
_2021_BMh2
During Last 3 Yrs, Establishment Spent On R&D Within The Establishment?
_2021_BMh3
During Last 3 Yrs, Establishment Spent On R&D Contracted Outside Establishment?
_2021_f2
Number of Hours Per Week Operated By The Establishment In Last Fiscal Year
_2021_COVb1a
Did this establishment close temporarily (suspended services or production), due
_2021_COVb1b
For how many weeks has this establishment been closed (or was closed) due to the
_2021_BMt1
How Often Does The Top Manager Meet With The COO, CAO etc.?
_2021_BMt2
How Often Does The Top Manager Meet With Suppliers?
_2021_BMt3
How Often Does Top Manager Meet With Employees In Production/Services Provision?
_2021_BMt4
How Many Meetings With Top Manager More Than One Other Participant Involved?
_2021_BMt5
How Many Meetings With Top Manager Last Longer Than One Hour?
_2021_g6a
Percentage of The Building Occupied: Owned By This Establishment
_2021_g6c
Percentage of The Building Occupied: Other
_2021_g1a
Percentage of The Land Occupied: Owned By This Establishment
_2021_g1b
Percentage of The Land Occupied: Rented or Leased By This Establishment
_2021_g1c
Percentage of The Land Occupied: Other
_2021_i1
In Last FY, Did This Establishment Pay For Security?
_2021_i2a
Percentage of Total Annual Sales Paid For Security In Last Fiscal Year
_2021_i2b
In Last Fiscal Year, What Is The Total Annual Cost of Security?
_2021_i3
Losses Due To Theft, Robbery, Vandalism or Arson Experienced In Last Fiscal Year
_2021_i4a
Losses Due To Theft, Robbery, Vandalism or Arson In Last FY (% of Sales)
_2021_i4b
Value of Losses Due To Theft, Robbery, Vandalism or Arson In Last FY
_2021_k1c
In Last FY, % of Material Inputs or Services Paid For After Delivery
_2021_k2c
In Last FY, % of Total Annual Sales Paid For After Delivery
_2021_BMk3a
% of Working Capital in Government grants
_2021_BMk3b
% of Working Capital in Issued Bonds
_2021_BMk2
The Proportion of Working Capital, Financed By The Same Group
_2021_BMk5a
Last FY, % Fixed Assets Financed with Government grants
_2021_BMk5a1
Fixed Assets - Financed with Government grants
_2021_BMk5b
Last FY, % Fixed Assets Financed by Issuing Bonds
_2021_BMk5b1
Fixed Assets - Financed by Issuing Bonds
_2021_BMk5hdj
Last FY, % Fixed Assets Funded By: Other (Money Lenders\Friends\Relatives\Etc)
_2021_BMk5hdj1
Fixed Assets - Value Other
_2021_BMk4
Proportion of Total Purchase of Fixed Assets Financed By The Same Group
_2021_BMk5
Lease Any Fixed Assets, e.g. Machinery, Vehicles, Equipment, Land or Buildings?
_2021_BMk6
Purchase Any Trademarks, Copyrights, Patents, or Other Intangible Assets?
_2021_k4b
Purchase Any New/Used Fixed Assets?
_2021_n5c
Total Annual Expenditure For Purchases of Equipment In Year Prior To Last FY
_2021_n5d
Total Annual Expenditure On Land And Buildings In Year Prior To Last FY
_2021_COVe1a
Since the outbreak of COVID-19, has liquidity or cash flow changed?
_2021_COVe2
Since the outbreak of COVID-19, main source used to deal with cash flow shortage
_2021_k8
Establishment Has A Line of Credit or Loan From A Financial Institution?
_2021_BMk7
What Is The Reason For Not Having A Loan or Line of Credit At The Moment?
_2021_BMk8
Which Bank Provided The Most Recent Line of Credit or Loan?
_2021_BMk8x
Other (Specify)
_2021_BMk9
In What Currency Is The Most Recent Line of Credit or Loan Denominated?
_2021_BMk9x
Other (Specify)
_2021_BMk10
What Was The original Duration of The Most Recent Line of Credit or Loan?
_2021_k16
In Last FY, Did Establishment Apply For New Loans/Lines of Credit?
_2021_h7a
The Court System Is Fair, Impartial And Uncorrupted
_2021_BMj1a
Tax officials Were Professional And Impartial
_2021_BMj1b
Tax officials Were Transparent When Making Decisions About This Establishment
_2021_BMj1c
This Establishment Was Able To Voice Complaints
_2021_BMj1_impartial_pos
BMj1: The Position in which This Option Appears During Interview
_2021_BMj1_transparent_pos
BMj1: The Position in which This Option Appears During Interview
_2021_BMj1_voice_pos
BMj1: The Position in which This Option Appears During Interview
_2021_j6
% of Value Avg. Establishment Pays In Informal Gifts To Govt To Secure Contract?
_2021_BMj2a
Public officials Were Professional And Impartial
_2021_BMj2b
Public officials Were Transparent In Making Decisions About This Establishment
_2021_BMj2c
This Establishment Was Able To Voice Complaints
_2021_BMj2_impartial_pos
BMj2: The Position in which This Option Appears During Interview
_2021_BMj2_transparent_pos
BMj2: The Position in which This Option Appears During Interview
_2021_BMj2_voice_pos
BMj2: The Position in which This Option Appears During Interview
_2021_BMj3a
Payments, Gifts or Exchange of Favors With Parliamentarians To Affect Votes
_2021_BMj3b
Payments, or Exchange of Favors With National Govt officials To Affect Decrees
_2021_BMj3c
Payments, or Exchange of Favors With Local/Reg. Govt officials To Affect Policy
_2021_BMj3_parliament_pos
BMj3: The Position in which This Option Appears During Interview
_2021_BMj3_natgov_pos
BMj3: The Position in which This Option Appears During Interview
_2021_BMj3_locgov_pos
BMj3: The Position in which This Option Appears During Interview
_2021_COVf1
Since the outbreak of COVID-19, any support from national or local government in
_2021_COVf2a
Form of support: Cash transfers for businesses
_2021_COVf2b
Form of support: Deferral of credit payments, rent or mortgage, suspension of in
_2021_COVf2c
Form of support: Access to new credit
_2021_COVf2d
Form of support: Fiscal exemptions or reductions
_2021_COVf2e
Form of support: Wage Subsidies
_2021_COVf2g
Form of support: Extension or permitted delay of tax payments
_2021_COVf2h
Form of support: Extension or permitted delay of social security contributions
_2021_COVf2i
Form of support: Other
_2021_COVf2fx
Specify Other forms of support
_2021_BMj4a
How Much of An Obstacle: Occupational safety regulations
_2021_BMj4b
How Much of An Obstacle: Health and hygiene regulations
_2021_BMj4c
How Much of An Obstacle: Environmental regulations
_2021_j30_safety_pos
J30: The Position in which This Option Appears During Interview
_2021_j30_health_pos
J30: The Position in which This Option Appears During Interview
_2021_j30_environment_pos
J30: The Position in which This Option Appears During Interview
_2021_BMj5
For The Next 3 Years, Which Public Spending Should Be of Highest Priority?
_2021_BMj5x
Other (Specify)
_2021_COVd3a
Has the number of permanent workers remained the same?
_2021_COVd3b
Has the number of temporary workers remained the same?
_2021_COVd6
Number workers laid off
_2021_COVd8
Number workers put on furlough
_2021_BMl1a
% Permanent Full-Time Employees At The End of FY Had A University Degree?
_2021_BMl1b
Num. of Permanent Full-Time Employees At The End of FY Had A University Degree?
_2021_BMl2
What Was The Primary Focus of The Formal Training Programs?
_2021_n2f
Total Annual Costs of Fuel In Last Fiscal Year
_2021_n2p
Total Cost of Sales In Last FY
_2021_n2e1
Total Cost of Raw Materials And Intermediate Goods Used In Production
_2021_COVg2
Weeks the establishment would remain open if its sales stopped as of today
_2021_gdpr1a
GDPR consent, respondent 1
_2021_gdpr1b
GDPR consent, respondent 2
_2021_gdpr1c
GDPR consent, respondent 3
_2021_a15a1a
Option That Best Describes The Main Respondents Position
_2021_a15a1ax
Main Respondent Position In The Establishment
_2021_a15a2a
Main Respondent Years Working In The Establishment:
_2021_a15a3
Main Respondent's Gender
_2021_a15a1bx
Second Respondent Position In The Establishment
_2021_a15a2b
Second Respondent Years Working In The Establishment:
_2021_a15b3
Second Respondent's Gender
_2021_a15a1cx
Third Respondent Position In The Establishment
_2021_a15a2c
Third Respondent Years Working In The Establishment:
_2021_a15c3
Third Respondent's Gender
_2021_d1a2
Main Product/Service ISIC (Rev. 3.1) Code
_2021_method
Interview Mode
statuscode2024
statuscode
id2021
ID number of 2021 survey
id2024
ID number of 2024 survey
Total: 495
Back to Catalog