X Recenseamento Geral do Brasil. Censo Demográfico 1991. - IPUMS Subset
Brazil, 1990
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Reference ID
BRA_1991_PHC_v01_M_v7.5_A_IPUMS
Producer(s)
Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística, IPUMS
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Sep 29, 2011
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Sep 03, 2025
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- Data files
- BRA1991_PHC-H-H.dat
- BRA1991_PHC-P-H.dat
Occupation (BR1991A_OCC)
Data file: BRA1991_PHC-P-H.dat
Overview
Type:
Discrete
Decimal:
0
Start:
348
End:
350
Width:
3
Range:
-
Format:
Numeric
Questions and instructions
Literal question
<svar a="all" v="BR91A449 BR91A450"><span class="h3">46. Occupation, profession, task, function, etc., that was exercised for the longest time. (If changed occupations definitively note current occupation)</span><br /><div class="i1">____</div><br /></svar>
Categories
| Value | Category |
|---|---|
| 000 | NIU (not in universe) |
| 001 | Farmers |
| 002 | Cattle ranchers |
| 003 | Poultry farmers |
| 004 | Other livestock breeders |
| 005 | Non-specified agricultural and livestock owners |
| 006 | Entrepreneurs/contractors in vegetation extraction or fishing |
| 007 | Entrepreneurs/contractors in mineral extraction |
| 008 | Entrepreneurs/contractors in transformation industry |
| 009 | Entrepreneurs/contractors in civil construction |
| 010 | Merchants |
| 011 | Hotelkeepers and boarding house owners |
| 012 | Transportation entrepreneurs/contractors |
| 013 | Street vendors |
| 014 | Street market merchants |
| 015 | Other owners |
| 020 | Ministers of State, governors, mayors, members of legislative branch and Brazilian Diplomatic Corps |
| 021 | Directors, consultants and officers of public services |
| 030 | Ranch and farm administrators |
| 031 | Administrators and managers in vegetation extraction, and fishing |
| 032 | Administrators and managers in mineral extraction |
| 033 | Administrators and managers in transformation industry |
| 034 | Administrators and managers in civil construction |
| 035 | Administrators and managers in trade and merchandising |
| 036 | Administrators and managers of hotels and similar establishments |
| 037 | Administrators and managers in transportation |
| 038 | Administrators and managers in financial real estate and insurance companies |
| 039 | Other unclassified administrators and managers |
| 040 | Employees in charge of administrative matters in companies |
| 050 | Revenue agents and inspectors |
| 051 | Labor inspectors- (gov't service) |
| 052 | Administrative assistants |
| 053 | Cashiers, bursars, tellers, pursers (except in merchandising of services and trade) |
| 054 | Stockroom and warehouse clerks |
| 055 | Dispatchers and materials agents |
| 056 | Typists |
| 057 | Teletype operators |
| 058 | Operators of automatic processing machines |
| 059 | Secretaries |
| 060 | Accounting aides or clerks |
| 061 | Copying machine operators |
| 062 | File clerks |
| 063 | Receptionists |
| 064 | Administrative aides (or clerks) |
| 101 | Engineers |
| 102 | Architects |
| 103 | Surveyors |
| 104 | Cartographers |
| 111 | Draftsmen |
| 112 | Technicians in construction, land surveying, roadworks and sanitation |
| 113 | Other ancillary occupations in engineering and architecture |
| 121 | Chemists |
| 122 | Pharmacists |
| 123 | Physicists |
| 124 | Mineral geologists |
| 125 | Other specialists in chemistry and physics |
| 131 | Chemical technicians |
| 132 | Non-certified pharmacists |
| 133 | Meteorological technicians |
| 141 | Agronomists |
| 142 | Biologists |
| 143 | Pharmacologists |
| 144 | Veterinarians |
| 151 | Physicians |
| 152 | Dentists |
| 153 | Registered nurses |
| 154 | Other heath-related occupations |
| 161 | Interns |
| 162 | Nurses (without diploma) |
| 163 | Physical therapy assistants |
| 164 | Orthoptists and opticians |
| 165 | Medical and dental equipment operators |
| 166 | Midwives |
| 167 | Prosthetists |
| 168 | Technicians in clinical analysis |
| 171 | Mathematicians and actuarial specialists |
| 172 | Statisticians |
| 173 | System analysts |
| 181 | Economists |
| 182 | Accountants |
| 183 | Administrative technicians |
| 191 | Accounting technicians |
| 192 | Statistical technicians |
| 193 | Census agents |
| 194 | Computer programmers |
| 201 | Sociologists, anthropologists and archeologists |
| 202 | Psychologists |
| 203 | Geographers and demographers |
| 204 | Social workers |
| 205 | Other social scientists |
| 211 | Professor-researchers |
| 212 | University professors |
| 213 | Secondary teachers |
| 214 | Middle school teachers (5th-8th grade) |
| 215 | Elementary school teachers (1st-4th grade) |
| 216 | Elementary school teachers (without specification of grade) |
| 217 | Nursery school and kindergarten teachers |
| 218 | Vocational teachers and instructors |
| 219 | Teachers at unspecified levels |
| 221 | Educational guidance officers and teaching technicians |
| 222 | School proctors |
| 231 | Judges |
| 232 | Government attorneys |
| 233 | Lawyers and public defenders |
| 241 | Notaries public and record officials |
| 242 | Legal scribes and clerks |
| 243 | Process servers |
| 244 | Other ancillary occupations in the justice system |
| 251 | Priests |
| 252 | [no label] |
| 261 | Writers and journalists |
| 271 | Sculptors and painters |
| 272 | Craftsmen of ceramic, leather, wooden and metal objects |
| 273 | Decorators and designers |
| 274 | Photographers |
| 275 | Musicians and composers |
| 276 | Television, radio, movie and stage actors |
| 277 | Circus entertainers |
| 278 | Announcers and commentators |
| 279 | Producers and directors of shows |
| 280 | Movie makers and camera operators |
| 281 | Operators of sound and set equipment |
| 282 | Other radio and TV operators (except for camera, sound and set operations) |
| 283 | Projectionists |
| 291 | Librarians |
| 292 | Museum curators and archivists |
| 293 | Other technical and scientific occupations not mentioned above |
| 301 | Self-employed agricultural and Livestock producers |
| 302 | Agricultural and livestock technicians |
| 303 | Operators of agricultural tractors and other farm implements and machinery |
| 304 | Other agricultural and livestock workers |
| 305 | Aquaculture workers |
| 321 | Hunters |
| 322 | Fishermen |
| 331 | Lumberjacks |
| 332 | Woodcutters |
| 333 | Charcoal makers |
| 334 | Rubber tappers and collectors |
| 335 | Herb gatherers |
| 336 | Agricultural pickers, breakers and shellers |
| 341 | Miners |
| 345 | Stonecutters and rock drillers |
| 351 | Operators of machinery for extraction and processing of ore and rock |
| 361 | Gas and petroleum extraction workers |
| 371 | Prospectors |
| 381 | Saltworks workers |
| 391 | Well sounders (except for petroleum or gas) |
| 401 | Masters and technicians in mineral extraction enterprises |
| 402 | Masters, foremen and technicians in transformation industry (except for textiles) |
| 403 | Masters (foremen and technicians in the textile industry) in textile industry |
| 404 | Masters in civil construction |
| 405 | Masters and technicians in electric energy, gas, water and sewage companies |
| 406 | Other masters foremen and technicians |
| 411 | Oven tenders in metallurgical industry |
| 412 | Metal pressers and cutters |
| 413 | Wiredrawers |
| 414 | Molders |
| 415 | Galvanizers and metal platers |
| 416 | Tool grinders and sharpeners |
| 417 | Stone buffers and polishers |
| 418 | Toolmakers |
| 419 | Stamping machine operators |
| 420 | Mechanical metal press operators |
| 421 | Milling machinists and punch operators |
| 422 | Machine-tool operators |
| 423 | Mechanical adjusters and fitters |
| 424 | Motor vehicle mechanics |
| 425 | Unspecified mechanics |
| 426 | Welders |
| 427 | Riveters and assemblers of metallic structures |
| 428 | Stokers in metallurgical industries [Caldeireiros] |
| 429 | Blacksmiths and sheet-metal workers |
| 430 | Tinsmiths |
| 431 | Auto body workers |
| 441 | Textile carders and combers |
| 442 | Textile rovers and spoolers |
| 443 | Textile spinners |
| 444 | Lace makers |
| 445 | Loom setters |
| 446 | Rope makers |
| 447 | Weavers |
| 448 | Tapestry and carpet weavers |
| 449 | Net makers |
| 450 | Textile bleachers and dyers |
| 451 | Textile printers |
| 452 | Textile finishers |
| 461 | Leather goods, saddle and harness makers |
| 462 | Tanners |
| 470 | Tailors and seamstresses |
| 471 | Sewing assistants |
| 472 | Pants makers and shirt makers |
| 473 | Pattern makers and cutters |
| 474 | Embroiderers and fabric reweavers |
| 475 | Straw hatmakers |
| 476 | Hatmakers (not straw hats) |
| 477 | Shoemakers |
| 478 | Shoe factory workers |
| 479 | Purse and belt makers |
| 481 | Cabinet makers and joiners |
| 482 | Carpenters |
| 483 | Coopers, hoopers and barrel makers |
| 484 | Joining machinery operators |
| 485 | Sawyers |
| 486 | Plywood preparers |
| 487 | Upholsterers and vehicle upholsterers |
| 488 | Mattress makers |
| 489 | Wood polishers |
| 490 | Basket makers and mat weavers |
| 501 | Electrical equipment assemblers |
| 502 | Electronic equipment assemblers (except audio and video sets) |
| 503 | Electrical and electronic equipment repair technicians (except for audio and video sets) |
| 504 | Audio and video assemblers |
| 505 | Audio and video repair technicians |
| 506 | Installation electricians |
| 507 | Installers and repair technicians of telecommunications equipment |
| 508 | Installers and repair technicians of electrical and telecommunications lines |
| 509 | Operators of electric energy production installations |
| 511 | Reinforced concreters |
| 512 | Bricklayers or masons |
| 513 | Hod carriers |
| 514 | Painters and whitewashers |
| 515 | Stucco masons |
| 516 | Tilers and parquetry workers |
| 517 | Plumbers and pipefitters |
| 518 | Glaziers or glass installers |
| 519 | Sidewalk and street paving workers |
| 520 | Flooring fitters and caulkers |
| 521 | Operators of civil construction machinery |
| 531 | Sausage makers |
| 532 | Jerky makers |
| 533 | Butchers (in slaughterhouses) |
| 534 | Occupations in the dairy industry |
| 535 | Candy makers and confectioners |
| 536 | Pasta makers |
| 537 | Bakers |
| 538 | Grain millers |
| 539 | Employees in the sugar industry |
| 540 | Employees in the beverage industry |
| 541 | Employees in the coffee industry |
| 542 | Employees in the fishing industry |
| 543 | Employees in the tea and cocoa industry |
| 544 | Employees in the vegetable oil industry |
| 545 | Employees in other areas of the food industry |
| 551 | Lineotypists |
| 552 | Typographers |
| 553 | Printing engravers |
| 554 | Printing press operators |
| 555 | Proofreaders in the printing industry |
| 556 | Bookbindery workers |
| 557 | Other occupations in the printing industry |
| 561 | Glassworkers and ampule makers |
| 562 | Ceramists and china makers |
| 563 | Ceramics painters |
| 564 | Potters |
| 571 | Quality control inspectors |
| 572 | Jewelers and watchmakers |
| 573 | Gem cutters and polishers |
| 574 | Rubber workers |
| 575 | Vulcanizers and retreaders |
| 576 | Fireworks makers |
| 577 | Broom makers |
| 578 | Marble workers |
| 579 | Tobacco preparation workers |
| 580 | Cigar and cigarette makers |
| 581 | Spray painters |
| 582 | Forklift operators |
| 583 | Stokers (except on trains and boats) |
| 584 | Merchandise packagers |
| 585 | Employees in the paper and cardboard industry |
| 586 | Employees in rubber and plastic products industry (except for tires) |
| 587 | Employees in the cement and fiber-cement products industry |
| 588 | Safety and security supervisors |
| 589 | Other employees in the transformation industry |
| 601 | Self-employed businessmen |
| 602 | Salespersons |
| 603 | Cashiers |
| 604 | Stock clerks |
| 605 | Demonstrators (demonstrates and promotes products) |
| 611 | Employees at street markets |
| 612 | Water vendors |
| 613 | Candy and ice-cream vendors |
| 614 | Grocery store employees |
| 615 | Vendors of animal entrails, fish and milk |
| 616 | Ticket vendors |
| 617 | Employees in other street vending occupations |
| 621 | Magazine and newspaper vendors |
| 631 | Salespersons (traveling and local) |
| 632 | Commercial representatives |
| 633 | Advertising agents |
| 641 | Insurance agents |
| 642 | Real estate agents |
| 643 | Stock brokers |
| 644 | Appraisers and auctioneers |
| 645 | Other agents and brokers |
| 646 | Buyers |
| 711 | Civilian aircraft pilots |
| 712 | Flight attendants |
| 721 | Merchant marine officers |
| 722 | Boatswains |
| 723 | Ship machinists |
| 724 | Ship stokers |
| 725 | Merchant marine sailors |
| 726 | Ship stewards |
| 727 | Small boat operators |
| 731 | Crane operators |
| 732 | Stevedores and longshoremen |
| 741 | Railway agents |
| 742 | Train conductors and inspectors |
| 743 | Locomotive engineers |
| 744 | Train firemen |
| 745 | Railroad brakemen or flagmen |
| 746 | Switchmen and signal men |
| 751 | Drivers |
| 752 | Fare collectors |
| 753 | Teamsters (oxen, horses, etc.) |
| 761 | Transportation inspectors and dispatchers |
| 762 | Railroad maintenance workers |
| 771 | Postal and telegraph agents |
| 772 | Postal clerks |
| 773 | Telegraphers and radio telegraphers |
| 774 | Telephone operators |
| 775 | Postmen |
| 801 | Chambermaids |
| 802 | Nannies |
| 803 | Cooks (female) |
| 804 | Cleaning personnel (female) |
| 805 | Laundresses |
| 806 | Governesses and butlers |
| 807 | Non-specialized domestic help |
| 808 | Other occupations in domestic service |
| 811 | Hotel keepers and boarding house proprietors |
| 812 | Chamberlains (except for domestic help) |
| 813 | Cooks (male) (except for domestic help) |
| 814 | Waiters |
| 815 | Bartenders and café personnel |
| 816 | Governesses and butlers (except for domestic help) |
| 817 | Hotel master |
| 818 | Master of food services |
| 821 | Hairdressers |
| 822 | Barbers |
| 823 | Make-up, aestheticians, etc. |
| 824 | Manicurists and pedicurists |
| 825 | Laundresses and ironers |
| 826 | Shoe-shiners |
| 831 | Soccer players |
| 832 | Wrestlers and other professional athletes |
| 833 | Referees |
| 834 | Sports coaches |
| 841 | Doormen |
| 842 | Elevator operators |
| 843 | Watchmen |
| 844 | Janitorial staff |
| 845 | Office-boys |
| 851 | Owners in self-owned farming and cattle services not classified above |
| 852 | Owners in self-owned services not classified above |
| 861 | Officers in the armed-forces |
| 862 | Enlisted men in the armed-forces |
| 863 | Fire department officers and personnel |
| 864 | Police chiefs and commissioners |
| 865 | Police investigators |
| 866 | Local policemen and policewomen, including for traffic |
| 867 | Jail keepers and prison guards |
| 868 | Finger print specialists |
| 869 | Private security officers |
| 911 | Apprentices |
| 912 | Ticket sellers in entertainment |
| 913 | Private sector firemen (not in public employment) |
| 914 | Foremen, overseers |
| 915 | Pest control workers |
| 916 | Street parking watchmen |
| 917 | Sanitary inspectors (gov"t service) |
| 918 | Inspectors (gov"t service) |
| 919 | Gardeners (not involved in crops) |
| 920 | Garbage men |
| 921 | Lubricators |
| 922 | Water treatment and distribution workers |
| 923 | Machine operators (except for farming and civil construction) |
| 924 | Unspecified manual laborers |
| 925 | Road maintenance workers |
| 926 | Nannies (except for domestic help) |
| 927 | Other or undefined occupations |
| 999 | Occupation undeclared |
Warning: these figures indicate the number of cases found in the data file. They cannot be interpreted as summary statistics of the population of interest.
Interviewer instructions
<svar a="all" v="BR91A449 BR91A450"><span class="h3">Question 46 - What occupation, profession, position, function, etc. the person regularly exercised during the last 12 months or during part them</span><br />This entry will be for the usual occupation that the enumerated person exercised between 9/1/1989 and 8/31/1990.<br />Usual occupation is considered that exercised during most of the referred period.<br />When a person has changed occupations and intends this change to be permanent, the occupation he or she exercised last will be recorded, regardless of the time spent on each during this period. Included in this case are persons who changed occupations or functions due to promotion or change in career, such as:<br /><div class="i1"><span class="em">1st case</span> - A farm worker who emigrated to the city and went to work as a hod carrier in the construction of a building;<br /><span class="em">2nd case</span> - A billing clerk in an industrial company who was promoted to Accounting Technician;<br /><span class="em">3rd case</span> - An office helper at a bank who was promoted to the position of cashier.</div><br />When the person has changed occupations, but the change is transitory due to circumstantial or seasonal factors, <span class="pg">[p. 76]</span> the usual occupation will be entered and not the transitory occupation, such as:<br /><div class="i1"><span class="em">1st case</span> - For a farm worker who, during the time between planting and harvesting, worked in a village as a stone mason, woodcutter, etc., record, as the case may be, Hoe worker, Cotton picker, etc.;<br /><span class="em">2nd case</span> - For a farm worker who, during certain periods, works at a machine at a sugar plant, etc., the occupation of farm worker will be recorded;<br /><span class="em">3rd case</span> - For a driver who, unable to work in his profession, is exercising some other occupation until he is again able to work as a driver, the occupation of Driver will be recorded;<br /><span class="em">4th case</span> - For a specialized worker who, when unable to find a placement in his or her profession, is exercising another occupation, will be recorded, as the case may be: Welder, Cabinet maker, Weaver, etc.</div><br />When the person simultaneously exercises different occupations, the main occupation should be recorded.<br />Main occupation is considered that which occupies the greatest number of the person's hours per week or, if this number is the same, that which provides the highest income, such as:<br />[Type] /Occupation / Hours / Income Cr$<br />Main / Teacher / 24 / 1,200.00<br />Secondary / Doctor / 12 / 3,000.00<br />Main / Journalist / 21 / 4,000.00<br />Secondary / Lawyer / 21 / 2,000.00<br />For persons on vacation or on leave, even if they were exercising another occupation, the usual occupation will be recorded and not that exercised temporarily during vacation or leave.<br />Occupation should not be confused with professional specialization. For example, for a commercial director with a degree in economics, or a high school teacher with a degree in medicine, the entries will be, respectively: Commercial director and High school teacher.<br /><span class="pg">[p. 77]</span><br />Vague or generic answers which do not correctly characterize the person's occupation must not be recorded.<br />[List of examples on page 77 was not translated into English]<br />For employees and for persons who are Self-employed or without remuneration, the occupation, profession, position, function, etc., which they exercised, will be recorded.<br />If the person is engaged in farming, either individually or only with the help of a resident of the household who <span class="pg">[p. 78]</span> is not paid for the work, record respectively Field hand or Animal raiser.<br />If the person has a commercial establishment, individually or only with the help of a non-remunerated person, record Commercial businessman.<br />Liberal professionals (Doctors, Dentists, Lawyers, Engineers, etc.), who employ up to 2 attendants or nurses in their offices should record their profession.<br />For Employers (partners or tenants) who are owners of establishments, firms or companies where they work (condition of being owner and employer), the entry should indicate this condition, such as Ranch owner, Chicken-farm owner, Owner of industry, Store owner, Barbershop owner, Clinic owner, Transportation company owner, etc.<br />Below are some examples to better clarify these situations:<br />Situation: Barbershop employee<br />Correct entry: Barber<br />Situation: Barber, barbershop owner, working only with the help of a non-remunerated son or daughter<br />Correct entry: Barber<br />Situation: Barber, working with his father without receiving remuneration<br />Correct entry: Barber<br />Situation: Barber, barbershop owner working with the help of employees<br />Correct entry: Barbershop owner<br /></svar>
Description
Definition
This variable indicates the type of occupation the person regularly exercised during the past 12 months or part of that time.
Universe
Brazil 1991: Persons age 10+ who worked any time between September 1, 1989 and August 31, 1990 [Discrepancies: none]
concept
Concept
| var_concept.title | Vocabulary |
|---|---|
| Work: Occupation Variables -- PERSON | IPUMS |