Demographic and Health Survey 1995-1996
Mali, 1995 - 1996
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Reference ID
MLI_1995_DHS_v01_M_v01_A_IPUMS
Producer(s)
Cellule de Planification et de Statistique du Ministere de la Sante', de la Solidarite' et de Personnes Agees (CPS/MSSPA) [Mali], Direction Nationale de la Statistique et de l'Informatique (DNSI) [Mali], and Macro International, Minnesota Population Center
Created on
Sep 19, 2018
Last modified
Sep 19, 2018
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Livelihood zone of household (M_LIVELIHOOD)
Data file: MLI1995-M
Overview
Valid:
0
Invalid:
0
Type:
Discrete
Decimal:
0
Range:
-
Format:
Questions and instructions
Categories
| Value | Category |
|---|---|
| -998 | Missing |
| 241 | Coastal fishing, horticulture, and non-farm income |
| 242 | Transitional banana and pineapple farming |
| 243 | Southern livestock, millet, and sorghum |
| 244 | Sub humid livestock and maize |
| 245 | Mid-eastern cassava and savannah forest |
| 246 | Central highlands potato and vegetables |
| 247 | Central highlands maize and beans |
| 248 | Transitional lowland maize, cassava, and beans |
| 249 | Tropical forest, cassava, banana, and coffee |
| 1401 | Southeast cassava, peanuts, and maize |
| 1402 | Northeast hunting and food crops |
| 1403 | Northern sorghum and millet |
| 1404 | East central mining, cassava, and peanuts |
| 1405 | Southern coffee, cassava, and maize |
| 1406 | Central cassava, peanuts, and maize |
| 1407 | Central cotton, cassava, and maize |
| 1408 | Northern cotton, cassava, and sorghum |
| 1409 | Western cassava, maize, and peanuts |
| 1801 | Copperbelt and Marginal Agriculture |
| 1802 | Savannah Cassava |
| 1803 | Savannah Surplus Maize |
| 1804 | Kamalondo Depression |
| 1805 | Southern Tanganyika-Mwero Fishing |
| 1806 | Maniema Savannah Agriculture |
| 1807 | High Food Production and Surplus Trade |
| 1808 | Northern Tanganyika Midland Agriculture |
| 1809 | Mountain Agropastoral |
| 2311 | Abay Beshilo River Basin |
| 2312 | Abay Gorge Sesame, Maize & Honey |
| 2313 | Abay Tekeze Watershed |
| 2314 | Abe Dongoro-Diga-Sasiga Coffee & Sorghum |
| 2315 | Abijata Shala Jido Agro-Pastoral |
| 2316 | Adaba Dodola Community Forest |
| 2317 | Addis Ababa City |
| 2318 | Adiyabo Lowland |
| 2319 | Afder Pastoral |
| 2410 | Savannah forest and market-oriented cassava |
| 2411 | Savannah forest and subsistence cassava |
| 2412 | Fishing, cassava, and cross-border trade |
| 2413 | Coastal livestock ranching |
| 3241 | Coastal: Rice, Fishing, Palm oil |
| 3242 | Piedmont: Rice, Groundnut, Horticulture |
| 3243 | Central plateau: Horticulture, Fonio, Livestock |
| 3244 | Mountain: Livestock, Fonio, Groundnut |
| 3245 | Mountain : Rice, Livestock, Fonio |
| 3246 | Northern plateau: Rice, Groundnut, Livestock |
| 3247 | Savannah with shrubs: Rice, Gold mining, Livestock |
| 3248 | Northeast: Maize, Gold mining, Livestock |
| 3249 | Wooded savannah: Rice, Manioc, Groundnut |
| 3321 | Dry Coastal Maize and Charcoal |
| 3322 | North Tubers and Horticulture |
| 3323 | Central Plateau Maize and Tubers |
| 3324 | Rice Plains of the Artibonite |
| 3325 | Western Banana Plains of Arcahaie |
| 3326 | West Gardening and Beans |
| 3327 | South Beans, Bananas, and Petty Trade |
| 3328 | Southwestern Coast Maize, Manioc, and Bush Products |
| 3329 | Urban |
| 3401 | Garifuna Littoral and Bay Islands Tourism |
| 3402 | Atlantic Littoral Palm Oil Production |
| 3403 | Labor Income from Maquilas, Banana, and Sugarcane |
| 3404 | Mosquitia Hunting and Fishing |
| 3405 | Mountainous Coffee and Vegetables |
| 3406 | Gulf of Fonseca Fishing and Salt |
| 3407 | Subsistence Grains and Remittances |
| 3408 | Labor Income from Melons and Shrimp |
| 3409 | Grains and Livestock |
| 4041 | Northwestern Pastoral Zone |
| 4042 | Turkwell Riverine Zone |
| 4043 | Northwestern Agropastoral Zone |
| 4044 | Lake Turkana Fishing |
| 4045 | Northern Pastoral Zone |
| 4046 | Marsabit Marginal Mixed Farming Zone |
| 4047 | Northeastern Agropastoral Zone |
| 4048 | Mandera Riverine Zone |
| 4049 | Northeastern Pastoral Zone |
| 4261 | Northern Lowlands |
| 4262 | Southern Lowlands |
| 4263 | Foothills |
| 4264 | Mountains |
| 4265 | Senqu River Valley |
| 4301 | North-East Rice Intercropped with Cowpeas, Groundnuts, and Palm Oil |
| 4302 | North and Central Rice with Cassava and Market Gardening |
| 4303 | South-East Rice with Cassava |
| 4304 | Coastal Plain Cassava with Rice and River Fishing |
| 4305 | Coastal Fishing and Cassava |
| 4306 | Rice Intercropped and Forest Hunting |
| 4307 | Plantain Cash Crop with Food Crops |
| 4308 | Rubber and Charcoal with Food Crops |
| 4309 | Monrovia Peri-Urban: Petty Tade, Market Gardening, & Casual Employment |
| 4501 | Extreme north: sugar cane, fishing, tourism |
| 4502 | North: vanilla, clove, coconut tree |
| 4503 | Sofia River basin: tobacco, onion, fishing |
| 4504 | Northern highland: rice, zebu |
| 4505 | Betsiboka Delta: rice, fishing |
| 4506 | Upper Betsiboka: gold mining, rice, cows |
| 4507 | Aloatra: rice, fishing, livestock rearing |
| 4508 | Toamasina: cloves, coffee, trade |
| 4509 | West: rice, fishing, gathering |
| 4541 | Central Karonga |
| 4542 | Chitipa Millet & Maize |
| 4543 | Kasungu Lilongwe Plain |
| 4544 | Lake Chilwa - Phalombe Plain |
| 4545 | Lower Shire |
| 4546 | Middle Shire Valley |
| 4547 | Misuku Hills |
| 4548 | Mzimba Self Sufficient |
| 4549 | Nkhata Bay Cassava |
| 4661 | Nomadism and Trans-Saharan Trade |
| 4662 | Northern Livestock |
| 4663 | Niger Loop Rice and Fishing |
| 4664 | Central Livestock, Millet, and Remittances |
| 4665 | Dogon Plateau Millet and Shallots |
| 4666 | Niger Delta Rice, Cattle, and Fishing |
| 4667 | Office du NigerRice and Market Gardening |
| 4668 | Northwestern Sorghum, Remittances, and Livestock |
| 4669 | Central Sorghum and Millet |
| 5081 | Lakeshore Basic Staples and Fishing |
| 5082 | Northern Highland Forest and Tourism |
| 5083 | Northwestern Tobacco and Maize |
| 5084 | Northern Cassava, Maize, and Forest |
| 5085 | Northern Highland with Mixed Cropping |
| 5086 | Northeastern Highland Forest |
| 5087 | Northeastern Cassava, Cashew, and Coconut |
| 5088 | North-Central Coastal Fishing |
| 5089 | Plains with Cassava, Rice, and Fishing |
| 5621 | North-east Oases: Dates, Salt and Trade |
| 5622 | Massif Irrigated Gardening |
| 5623 | Transhumant and Nomad Pastoralism |
| 5624 | Agropastoral Belt |
| 5625 | Rainfed Millet and Sorghum Belt |
| 5626 | Cropping and Herding with High Work Outmigration |
| 5627 | Southern Irrigated Cash Crops |
| 5628 | Southwestern Cereals with Fan-Palm Products |
| 5629 | Niger River Irrigated Rice |
| 5661 | Coastal Fishing |
| 5662 | Southern Cocoa, Palm Oil, and Kola nut |
| 5663 | South-Central Yam, Cassava, and Banana |
| 5664 | Southeast Rice, Salt, and Granite |
| 5665 | Niger and Benue River Floodplain Rice and Fishing |
| 5666 | Central Plain Yam and Cassava |
| 5667 | Mambilla Plateau Cattle, Cocoa, and Tea |
| 5668 | Central Highland Maize and Soybean |
| 5669 | Northeastern Highland Maize, Cocoyam, Potatoes, and Livestock |
| 6461 | Lake Kivu Coffee |
| 6462 | Western Congo-Nile Crest Tea |
| 6463 | Northwestern Volcanic Irish Potato |
| 6464 | Eastern Congo-Nile Highland Subsistence Farming |
| 6465 | Central Plateau Cassava and Coffee |
| 6466 | Northern Highland Beans and Wheat |
| 6467 | Central-Northern Highland Irish Potato, Beans and Vegetables |
| 6468 | Bugesera Cassava |
| 6469 | Eastern Plateau Mixed Agricultural |
| 6861 | The Niayes Gardening and Fishing |
| 6862 | Delta Rice, Horticulture, and Agricultural Labor |
| 6863 | Valley Rice and Remittances |
| 6864 | Dieri Millet and Remittances |
| 6865 | Rainfed Cowpea and Groundnut |
| 6866 | Sylvopatoral Livestock and Gathering |
| 6867 | Small Coast Fishing and Tourism |
| 6868 | Rainfed Groundnut and Millet |
| 6869 | Agropastoral Groundnut |
| 6941 | Tonkolili Food Crops and Gold |
| 6942 | Bombali Food Crops, Peppers, Tobacco and Livestock |
| 6943 | Western Rice, Root Crops, Cereals and Trade Belt |
| 6944 | Coastal Food Crops and Fishing |
| 6945 | Kailahun-Kenema-Kono Cash Crops, Food Crops and Trade |
| 6946 | Kono-Kenema-Bo Rice, Tree Crops and Timber |
| 6947 | Koinadugu Livestock, Food Crops and Trade |
| 6948 | Follosaba Dembelia and Wara Wara Yagala Vegetables |
| 6949 | Freetown Peri-Urban |
| 7161 | Agrofisheries |
| 7162 | Beitbridge South Western Lowveld Communal |
| 7163 | Bikita-Zaka Highlands Communal |
| 7164 | Central and Northern Semi Intensive Farming |
| 7165 | Cereal and High Cotton Communal |
| 7166 | Cereal and Low Cotton Communal |
| 7167 | Eastern Highlands Commercial Farming |
| 7168 | Eastern Highlands Prime Communal |
| 7169 | Eastern Kalahari Sandveld Communal |
| 7621 | Eastern Pamir Plateau Livestock Zone |
| 7622 | Western Pamir Valley Migratory Work Zone |
| 7623 | Western Pamir Irrigated Agriculture Zone |
| 7624 | Rasht Valley Irrigated Potato Zone |
| 7625 | Khatlon Mountain Agro-Pastoral Zone |
| 7626 | Southern Khatlon Cotton, Vegetable and Wheat Zone |
| 7627 | Khatlon Rainfed Wheat and Livestock Zone |
| 7628 | Central and Eastern Tajikistan Agro-Industrial Zone |
| 7629 | Eastern and Central Zeravshan Valley Agro-Pastoral Zone |
| 8001 | North Eastern Karamoja Highland Apiculture and Potato Zone |
| 8002 | Western Karamoja Mixed Crop Farming Zone |
| 8003 | South Eastern Karamoja Cattle Maize Zone |
| 8004 | Karamoja Mountain and Foot Hills Maize and Cattle Zone |
| 8005 | Central Karamoja Sorghum and Livestock Zone |
| 8006 | NE Sorghum Simsim Maize Livestock Zone |
| 8007 | North Kitgum Gulu Amuru West Nile Simsim Sorghum Livestock Zone |
| 8008 | Palabek Tobacco Simsim Sorghum and Cattle Zone |
| 8009 | South Kitgum Pader Abim Simsim Groundnuts Sorghum Cattle Zone |
| 8341 | Southern Maasai Pastoralist |
| 8342 | River Pangani Paddy and Maize Basin |
| 8343 | Tanga Maize and Cattle |
| 8344 | Tanga Maize and Sisal Employment |
| 8345 | Usambara-Pare Highland |
| 8346 | Tanga Maize, Orange, and Jackfruit Midlands |
| 8347 | Tanga-Pwani Coastal Maize, Paddy Belt |
| 8348 | Handeni-Bagamoyo Maize, Cassava, and Fruit Midlands |
| 8349 | Loliondo Midland Maize, Beans, and Livestock |
| 8541 | South tubers and cereals |
| 8542 | Southwest fruits, cotton, and cereals |
| 8543 | West cotton and cereals |
| 8544 | West cereals and remittances |
| 8545 | Central plateau cereals and market gardening |
| 8546 | Ouagadougou peri-urban |
| 8547 | North and east livestock and cereals |
| 8548 | North transhuman pastoralism and millet |
| 8549 | Southeast cereals, livestock, forestry and faune |
| 8941 | Northwest High Rainfall Zone |
| 8942 | Tuta-Luapula Corridor |
| 8943 | Northern Province Plateau |
| 8944 | Copperbelt Mining Zone |
| 8945 | Mufumbwe-Kasempa Zone |
| 8946 | Muchinga Escarpment |
| 8947 | Central Maize-Cotton Zone |
| 8948 | Chama-Lundazi Rice Zone |
| 8949 | Line Of Rail Commercial Zone |
| 10811 | Buragane |
| 10812 | Congo Ridge Millet |
| 10813 | Eastern Arid Plateaus |
| 10814 | Humid Plateaus |
| 10815 | Imbo Plain |
| 10816 | Northern Highlands |
| 10817 | Eastern Lowlands |
| 10818 | Southern Highlands |
| 14010 | Southern maize, citrus fruits, and vegetables |
| 14011 | Southwest cassava, coffee, gathering, and mining |
| 18010 | Midland Agricultural Savannah |
| 18011 | Virunga Volcanic Soils Agriculture |
| 18012 | Forest Cultivation and Products |
| 18013 | Artisanal Mining with Agriculture |
| 18014 | Northeast Highlands Agriculture |
| 18015 | Orientale Fishing with Agriculture |
| 18016 | Northern Plateau Cassava, Maize, Groundnuts and Beans |
| 18017 | Bumba Rice and Tubers |
| 18018 | Bomongo and Makanza Districts Intensive Fishing |
| 18019 | Fishing and Staples Riverine |
| 18020 | Cuvette Centrale Staple Crops, Fishing and Charcoal |
| 18021 | Equatorial Forest, Hunting, Fishing and Staple Crops |
| 18022 | Lighter Forest with Rice and Cassava |
| 18023 | Savannah with Cassava and Cowpeas and Small Livestock |
| 18024 | Intensive Artisanal Diamond Exploitation with Crop Cultivation |
| 18025 | Clay Soils with High Production of Cassava and Maize, and Cattle |
| 18026 | High Food Crop Production and Trading |
| 18027 | Agropastoral Staple Crops, Small Stock and Cattle and Wild Foods |
| 18028 | Agriculture with High Production and Marketing |
| 18029 | Cassava, Maize and Groundnuts |
| 18030 | Market Gardening and Staple Crops |
| 18031 | River Fishing and Staple Crops |
| 18032 | Coastal Fishing and Kitchen Gardening |
| 18033 | Forest Staple Crops, Cash Crops and Market Gardening |
| 18034 | Kinshasa Peri-urban |
| 23110 | Agarfa, Gasera, Ginir & Gololcha Fruit, Coffee & Chat |
| 23111 | Alaba-Mareko Lowland Pepper LZ |
| 23112 | Alaje Ofla Highland |
| 23113 | Amaro Coffee and Enset LZ |
| 23114 | Ambo Selale Ginderberet Teff & Wheat |
| 23115 | Ameya-Wolisso-Ambo Teff & Cattle |
| 23116 | Anfilo Coffee Monoculture & Honey |
| 23117 | Anger Maize, Sorghum & Finger Millet |
| 23118 | Aramiss - Adaar Pastoral |
| 23119 | Arsi Bale Wheat, Barley & Potato |
| 23120 | Asale Agropastoral |
| 23121 | Asale Pastoral |
| 23122 | Atsbi Womberta Highland |
| 23123 | Awassa Chat and Enset LZ |
| 23124 | Awsa-Gewane Agropastoral |
| 23125 | Badewacho-Alaba Maize LZ |
| 23126 | Bale Agro-Pastoral |
| 23127 | Bale Pastoralist |
| 23128 | Basketo-Melo Coffee and Root Crop LZ |
| 23129 | Becho-Adea Teff & Chickpea |
| 23130 | Bench-Keffa Cereal and Enset LZ |
| 23131 | Bilate Basin Agro-Pastoral LZ |
| 23132 | Borena-Guji Cattle Pastoralist |
| 23133 | Borena-Guji Coffee & Enset |
| 23134 | Borena-Guji Maize, Wheat & Livestock |
| 23135 | Central Highland Barley & Potato |
| 23136 | Central Horo Teff, Nug & Cattle |
| 23137 | Central Kolla Sorghum, Maize & Millet |
| 23138 | Central Mixed Crop |
| 23139 | Chamo-Abaya Irrigated Banana LZ |
| 23140 | Chat & Vegetables |
| 23141 | Chebo-Inchini Enset, Barley & Cattle |
| 23142 | Cheffa valley |
| 23143 | Chenno Agropastoral |
| 23144 | Chercher & Gololcha Chole Coffee, Maize & Chat |
| 23145 | Dale-Lalo Sorghum & Maize |
| 23146 | Dallo, Barbare & Arana-Buluk Coffee |
| 23147 | Dawa-Ganale Riverine |
| 23148 | Dawro-Konta Maize and Root Crop LZ |
| 23149 | Degahbur Agropastoral |
| 23150 | Didessa-Gibe-Wama Valley Sorghum, Maize & Oilcrops |
| 23151 | Eastern Planteau |
| 23152 | Ebantu-Limu Teff & Cattle |
| 23153 | Eli daar Pastoral |
| 23154 | Enderta Dry Midland |
| 23155 | Fik Pastoral |
| 23156 | Filtu-Dolo Pastoral |
| 23157 | Gambella Agropastoral |
| 23158 | Gambella Coffee, Honey & Cereal LZ |
| 23159 | Gambella Mixed Agriculture |
| 23160 | Gamo Gofa Enset and Barley LZ |
| 23161 | Gamo Gofa Maize and Root Crop LZ |
| 23162 | Gedeo Coffee LZ |
| 23163 | Gera-Setema-Sale Forest Teff, Honey & Cattle |
| 23164 | Gerbo Enset & Chat |
| 23165 | Gesho and Wheat Highland |
| 23166 | Gibe Maize & Peppers |
| 23167 | Gode Agropastoral |
| 23168 | Goro-Ginir Spice & Wheat |
| 23169 | Guduru-Amuru Maize, Teff & Cattle |
| 23170 | Guji-Borena Enset, Barley & Cattle |
| 23171 | Guna Highland |
| 23172 | Gurage Lowland Maize and Teff LZ |
| 23173 | Gurage-Siltie Enset and Teff LZ |
| 23174 | Gurage-Siltie Highland Enset and Barley LZ |
| 23175 | Gurage-Siltie Midland Enset and Chat LZ |
| 23176 | Gursum-Babile Groundnuts & Sorghum |
| 23177 | Hadero Ginger LZ |
| 23178 | Hadiya Maize LZ |
| 23179 | Hadiya-Kembata Cereal and Enset LZ - Hadiya sub zone |
| 23180 | Hadiya-Kembata Cereal and Enset LZ - Kembata sub-zone |
| 23181 | Harshin-Degahbur East Pastoral |
| 23182 | Humera Sesame and Sorghum |
| 23183 | Illu-Wellega-Birbir Maize, Peppers & Sesame |
| 23184 | Irob Mountains |
| 23185 | Jaldu-Dendi-Ilfata Barley & Potato |
| 23186 | Jijiga Agropastoral |
| 23187 | Jijiga Sedentary Farming |
| 23188 | Jimma-Illubabur Coffee, Cereals & Chat |
| 23189 | Jimma-Yama Logi Teff & Maize |
| 23190 | Kaffa Cereal and Enset LZ |
| 23191 | Kedida-Badewacho Coffee LZ |
| 23192 | Kereyu Pastoral |
| 23193 | Keto-Begi Cereals & Cattle |
| 23194 | Kofele Kokosa Enset & Cattle Belt |
| 23195 | Korahe Agropastoral |
| 23196 | Korahe-Gode Pastoral |
| 23197 | Liban Agropastoral |
| 23198 | Lowland-Hawd Pastoral |
| 23199 | Market-Isolated Cattle & Shoat Pastoralist |
| 32410 | Pre-forest zone: Rice, Manioc, Livestock |
| 32411 | Forest: Rice, Palm oil, Coffee |
| 34010 | Platano River Reserve |
| 34011 | Urban Center |
| 40410 | Grasslands Pastoral Zone |
| 40411 | Southeastern Pastoral Zone |
| 40412 | Coastal Medium Potential Farming Zone |
| 40413 | Coastal Marginal Agricultural Mixed Farming Zone |
| 40414 | Tana Riverine Zone |
| 40415 | Southern Pastoral Zone |
| 40416 | Southeastern Marginal Mixed Farming Zone |
| 40417 | Southeastern Medium Potential, Mixed Farming Zone |
| 40418 | Southern Agropastoral Zone |
| 40419 | Central Highlands, High Potential Zone |
| 40420 | Western Medium Potential Zone |
| 40421 | Western High Potential Zone |
| 40422 | Western Lakeshore Marginal Mixed Farming Zone |
| 40423 | Lake Victoria Fishing Zone |
| 40424 | Western Agropastoral Zone |
| 45010 | Agropastoral midwest: rice, maize, pulses |
| 45011 | Central Iarivo: rice, market gardening, eucalyptus |
| 45012 | Moramanga: forest, petty trade, market gardening |
| 45013 | Center-east: litchi, coffee, citrus |
| 45014 | Ankaratra: staple crops, horticulture, milk |
| 45015 | Tsirobihina Delta: rice, fishing, pulses |
| 45016 | South-central peneplain: rice, onion, small livestock |
| 45017 | Southern highlands: staple crops, crafts, market gardening |
| 45018 | Corridor: forest products, banana |
| 45019 | Southeast: coffee, litchi, cassava |
| 45020 | Southwest: rice, lima bean |
| 45021 | Bara plateau: cows, cassava |
| 45022 | Center-south: staple crops, industrial sisal, zebu |
| 45023 | Mahafaly plateau: cassava |
| 45024 | Extreme south: cassava, maize, livestock rearing |
| 45410 | Northern Karonga |
| 45411 | Northern Lakeshore |
| 45412 | Phirilongwe Hills |
| 45413 | Rift Valley Escarpment |
| 45414 | Shire Highlands |
| 45415 | Southern Lakeshore |
| 45416 | Thyolo Mulunje Tea Estates |
| 45417 | Western Rumphi & Mzimba |
| 45418 | Border Productive Horticulture |
| 45420 | National Park |
| 45421 | Lake Niassa islands |
| 46610 | Southeastern Sorghum, Millet, and Cotton |
| 46611 | Southern Maize, Cotton, and Fruits |
| 46612 | Southwestern Maize, Livestock, and Gold Mining |
| 46613 | Center-eastern Millet and Livestock |
| 46614 | Lakes Recessional Millet and Sorghum |
| 46615 | Western Groundnut, Sorghum, and Maize |
| 46616 | Southwestern Gold Mining and Maize |
| 50810 | Zambezi Valley with Maize and Fishing |
| 50811 | Northwestern Cropping and Cross-border Trade |
| 50812 | Coastal Sugarcane and Fishing |
| 50813 | Tete Highland Mixed Cropping, Tobbaco, and Cotton |
| 50814 | Cahora Bassa Dam Sesame and Cotton |
| 50815 | Central Semiarid Cotton and Minerals |
| 50816 | Manica Highland Mixed Cropping, Cotton, and Tobacco |
| 50817 | Central Manica and Sofala Mixed Cropping |
| 50818 | Cheringoma and Muanza Maize and Cassava |
| 50819 | Central Semiarid Pineapple and Cashew |
| 50820 | Southern Coastal Cassava, Coconut, and Fishing |
| 50821 | Southern Intermediate Mixed Cropping |
| 50822 | Southern Semiarid Cereals and Cattle |
| 50823 | Southeastern Rice |
| 50824 | Limpopo and Elephant Rivers Mixed Cropping |
| 50825 | Southern Coastal Rishing, Manioc, and Maize |
| 50826 | Southern Highland Cattle and Mixed Cropping |
| 56210 | Dallols - Seasonal Water-Course Irrigated Crops |
| 56211 | Southeastern Natron Salt and Small Basin Irrigated Dates |
| 56212 | Komadougou Irrigated Peppers |
| 56213 | Lake Chad Flood-Retreat Cultivation with Fishing |
| 56214 | Transhumant and Nomad Pastoralism-Camels |
| 56610 | North-Central Maize, Sorghum, and Cotton |
| 56611 | Northern Floodplains Irrigated Rice, Wheat, and Vegetables |
| 56612 | Northeast Millet, Cowpea, and Sesame |
| 56613 | Sahel Mixed Cereals and Livestock |
| 56614 | Lake Chad |
| 64610 | Southeastern Plateau Banana |
| 64611 | Eastern Agropastoral |
| 64612 | Eastern Semi-Arid Agropastoral |
| 64613 | Urban Area |
| 64614 | Akagera National Park |
| 64615 | Gishwati Forest Reserve |
| 64616 | Mukura Forest Reserve |
| 64617 | Nyungwe Forest National Park |
| 68610 | Rainfed Groundnut and Cereals |
| 68611 | Forest and Rainfed Rice |
| 68612 | Forest, Rainfed Rice, and Groundnut |
| 68613 | Rainfed Maize, Cotton, and Cattle |
| 68614 | Rainfed Maize and Lumber |
| 68615 | Rainfed Maize and Artisanal Gold Mining |
| 68616 | Urban Area - Dakar |
| 69410 | Rice Bowl Areas |
| 71610 | Greater Mudzi Communal |
| 71611 | Highveld Prime Cereal and Cash Crop Resettlement |
| 71612 | Highveld Prime Communal |
| 71613 | Irrigated Commercial Sugar and Fruit Farming |
| 71614 | Kariba Valley and Kariangwe-Jambezi Communal |
| 71615 | Livestock and Cereal Farming Communal in Forests |
| 71616 | Lusulu, Lupane and Southern Gokwe Mixed Agriculture |
| 71617 | Masvingo Manicaland Middleveld Smallholder |
| 71618 | Matabeleland Middleveld Communal |
| 71619 | Mutorashanga Informal mining |
| 71620 | Mwenezi, Chivi and South Midland Communal |
| 71621 | Northern Cattle and Cereal Farming |
| 71622 | Northern Zambezi Valley Communal |
| 71623 | Save River Valley and Ndowoyo Communal |
| 71624 | Southern Cattle and Cereal Farming |
| 71625 | Western Kalahari Sandveld Communal |
| 76210 | Panjakent Rice, Fruit and Vegetable Zone |
| 76211 | Ghonchi and Istaravshan Rainfed Cereal, Fruit, and Vegetable Zone |
| 76212 | North Sughd Agro-Industrial Zone |
| 76213 | Khatlon Agro-Industrial Peri-urban Zone |
| 80010 | Albertine West Nile Lowland Cattle Zone |
| 80011 | Kafu Muzizi Maize Upland Rice Cassava Zone |
| 80012 | Albertine Escarpment Cotton Cassava Zone |
| 80013 | Bwijanga Pakanyi SugarcaNE Maize Cassava Zone |
| 80014 | Karuma Masindi Oyam Tobacco Maize Cassava Zone |
| 80015 | West Nile Tobacco Cassava Sorghum Zone |
| 80016 | Rwenzori Mt.Elgon West Nile Arabica Coffee Banana Zone |
| 80017 | Amuru Gulu Rice Groundnut Sorghum Livestock Zone |
| 80018 | Southwest Gulu Beans Groundnuts Shoat Cassava |
| 80019 | Mid North Simsim Maize Cassava Zone |
| 80020 | Eastern Lowland Maize Beans Rice Zone |
| 80021 | Eastern Central Lowland Cassava Sorghum and Groundnut Zone |
| 80022 | Mt Elgon Highland Irish Potato Cereal Zone |
| 80023 | Central and Southern Cattle Cassava Maize Zone |
| 80024 | Lakeshore and Riverbank Fishing Zone |
| 80025 | Southeastern Maize Beans Robusta Coffee Zone |
| 80026 | Midwest Central and Lake Victoria Crescent Robusta Coffee Banana Maize and Cattle Zone |
| 80027 | Rwenzori Midland Banana Fruit Vegetable Dairy Zone |
| 80028 | Kazinga Channel Cassava Maize Fruit Vegetable Cotton Zone |
| 80029 | Rwenzori Lowland Maize Vegetable Banana Zone |
| 80030 | Southeastern Lowland Cassava Cereal Zone |
| 80031 | Eastern Lowland Rice Root Crop Zone |
| 80032 | Southeastern Lowland Cassava Maize Sweet Potato Zone |
| 80033 | East Central Plantation Outgrower Zone |
| 80034 | Kayunga Masaka Pineapple Banana Robusta Coffee and Cassava Zone |
| 80035 | SW Highland Irish Potato Sorghum Vegetable Zone |
| 80036 | Kalangala Fishing Oil Palm Cassava Zone |
| 80037 | Western Rift Valley Cocoa Coffee Cassava Zone |
| 80038 | Rwenzori Midland Tea and Dairy Zone |
| 80039 | Southwestern Midland Banana Robusta Coffee Cattle Zone |
| 80040 | SW Rift Valley Tobacco Bean Millet Zone |
| 83410 | Lower Rombo Maize, Beans, and Finger Millet |
| 83411 | Kilimanjaro-Meru Maize, Coffee, and Plantains |
| 83412 | Karatu Wheat, Maize, and Coffee |
| 83413 | Lower Arusha-Simanjiro Maize |
| 83414 | Northern Maasai Pastoralist |
| 83415 | Nowu Maize, Beans, and Onions Highlands |
| 83416 | Babati Kwaraa Maize, Beans, Sunflower, and Coffee |
| 83417 | Kiteto-Kongwa-Mpwapwa-Mvomero Maize, Sorghum, and Pigeon Pea |
| 83418 | Mbulu-Karatu Midlands Maize, Beans, and Livestock |
| 83419 | Hadzabe Hunter-Gatherer Wild Honey, Wild Roots, and Wild Fruit |
| 83420 | Wembere Paddy, Sorghum, Maize, Sunflower, and Fishing |
| 83421 | Bahi-Sanza Irrigated Rice, Maize, Bulrush Millet, and Livestock |
| 83422 | Iramba Midland Onion, Maize, and Sunflower |
| 83423 | Manyoni Upland Maize, Sunflower, Sesame, and Livestock |
| 83424 | Tabora-Singida Midland Maize, Sunflower, and Livestock |
| 83425 | Singida-Manyara Maize, Sorghum, Beans, and Sunflower |
| 83426 | East and South Lakeshore Fishing, Cassava, and Upland Rice |
| 83427 | Western Lakeshore Coffee, Fishing, and Banana |
| 83428 | Kagera-Kigoma-Mara Banana, Coffee, and Beans |
| 83429 | Mwanza-Shinyanga-Mara Cotton, Livestock, Cassava, and Maize |
| 83430 | Kagera Lowlands Beans, Maize, and Livestock |
| 83431 | Shinyanga-Tabora Cotton, Upland Rice, Sweet Potato, and Livestock |
| 83432 | Sengerema-Geita Highland Cassava, Rice, and Maize |
| 83433 | Kagera-Kigoma Beans, Cassava, and Maize |
| 83434 | Kahama-Tabora Midland Tobacco, Maize, Rice, and Livestock |
| 83435 | Kishapu-Meatu-Maswa Sorghum, Cotton, Sweet Potato, and Livestock |
| 83436 | Urambo-Nzega Lowland Groundnuts, Cotton, and Maize |
| 83437 | Kigoma Lowland Palm Oil, Cassava, and Maize |
| 83438 | Urambo Agropastoral Maize and Sweet Potato |
| 83439 | Victoria Islands Fishing, Cassava, Sweet Potato, and Paddy |
| 83440 | Ruaha Riverine Maize, Onion, Tomato, and Paddy Lowlands |
| 83441 | Chalinze-Tunuguo Maize, Cattle, and Cassava |
| 83442 | Kilombero-Mtibwa Paddy, Maize, and Sugar Employment |
| 83443 | Kilombero-Ulanga-Lusewa Paddy, Maize, and Cassava |
| 83444 | Kilosa-Mvomero Maize and Paddy Lowlands |
| 83445 | Matombo-Kuyuni Spice, Maize, and Banana |
| 83446 | Bagamoyo-Kibaha Midland Cassava, Cashew, and Maize |
| 83447 | Morogoro Highland Maize and Vegetable |
| 83448 | Maskat-Kimbet Maize and Beans Highlands |
| 83449 | Newala-Masasi Plateau Sesame, Cassava, Cashew, and Sorghum |
| 83450 | Mtwara-Lindi Coastal Rice and Cashew |
| 83451 | Matumbi Midland Upland Rice, Oranges, and Maize |
| 83452 | Lindi-Nachingwea Lowland Cassava and Maize |
| 83453 | Southeastern Plateau Cassava, Cashew, and Bambara Nuts |
| 83454 | Mtwara-Lindi-Pwani Riverine |
| 83455 | Singida-Dodoma Sorghum, B/Millet, Sunflower, and Livestock |
| 83456 | Dodoma Lowland Sunflower, Grape, and Sorghum |
| 83457 | Mpanda Maize, Paddy, Sunflower, and Livestock |
| 83458 | Lake Tanganyika-Rukwa Fishing, Maize, and Sunflower |
| 83459 | Kyela Paddy, Cacao, and Palm Oil Lowlands |
| 83460 | Rungwe Banana, Coffee, Tea, and Livestock Midlands |
| 83461 | Mporoto-Umalila Irish Potato, Maize, Wheat, and Pyrethrum Highlands |
| 83462 | Mbozi-Mbeya Coffee, Maize, Beans, and Livestock Highlands |
| 83463 | Usangu Paddy, Maize, Sorghum, and Livestock Wetlands |
| 83464 | Kamsamba Paddy, Sorghum, and Livestock Lowlands |
| 83465 | Chunya Maize, Sunflower, Cassava, and Groundnut Midlands |
| 83466 | West Chunya Maize, Bulrush Millet, and Sesame Lowlands |
| 83467 | Lake Nyasa Shore Cassava Fishing and Paddy |
| 83468 | Namtumbo Tobacco, Maize, Paddy, and Cassava Midlands |
| 83469 | Matengo Coffee, Maize, Beans, and Piggery Midlands |
| 83470 | Songea-Namtumbo-Ludewa-Mibinga Maize, Beans, and Cassava Midlands |
| 83471 | Njombe-Mufindi Maize, Timber, Tea, Pyrethrum, and Employment |
| 83472 | Mtera Dam Fishing, Sorghum, and Sesame |
| 83473 | Makete Wheat, Irish Potato, Timber, and Employment Highlands |
| 83474 | Njombe-Mufindi Maize, Irish Potato, and Bean |
| 83475 | Iringa-Mbarali Maize, Sunflower, Beans, and Groundnut Belt |
| 83476 | Tunduru-Nachingwea-Nanyumbu Cashew, Cassava, and Paddy Lowlands |
| 83477 | Mpanda-Chunya-Sikonge Maize and Tobacco Lowlands |
| 83478 | Sumbawanga-Mbozi-Mpanda Maize, Sunflower, and Livestock |
| 83479 | Water |
| 89410 | Eastern Province Cash Crop Zone |
| 89411 | Sioma Plain |
| 89412 | Kazungula-Mwandi Plain |
| 89413 | Chongwe-Nyimba Plateau |
| 89414 | Luano Valley |
| 89415 | Mulobezi Woodlands |
| 89416 | Zambezi West Bank |
| 89417 | Zambezi East |
| 89418 | Gwembe Valley |
| 89419 | Lake Kariba Fishing Zone |
| 89420 | Chiawa-Zambezi Lowlands |
| 89421 | Mambwe-Petauke Valley |
| 89422 | Mkushi Commercial Block |
| 89423 | Zambezi Floodplain |
| 89424 | Luapula Valley |
| 89425 | Luangwa-Mfuwe Valley |
| 89426 | Luapula-Northern Wetlands |
| 89427 | Kaputa Rice Zone |
| 231100 | Meketel Highland Cereal & Pulses |
| 231101 | Melka Awash-Ochocha Mid-Highland Wheat & Teff |
| 231102 | Mendi-Dabisu Maize, Sesame & Cattle |
| 231103 | Mereb Basin |
| 231104 | Merhabete Lowland Sorghum and teff |
| 231105 | Middle Tekeze |
| 231106 | Midland Teff & Coffee |
| 231107 | Minjar teff and livestock |
| 231108 | Minjar teff and sorghum |
| 231109 | Moyale Agro-Pastoral, Labour & Cross-Border Trade |
| 231110 | Moyale Cattle, Shoats & Camel Pastoralist |
| 231111 | Moyale-Wayamo Pastoral |
| 231112 | Muger-Abay-Jema Sorghum & Teff Belt |
| 231113 | N Highland wheat, Barley & Sheep |
| 231114 | Nadda-Gilgel Gibe Maize, Teff and Sorghum |
| 231115 | Namalefan & Baadu Pastoral |
| 231116 | Nejo-Dilla Teff, Finger Millet & Nug |
| 231117 | Nole-Meko-Diga Teff & Cattle |
| 231118 | North East Woyna Dega Mixed Cereal |
| 231119 | North Shewa highland sheep and barley |
| 231120 | North Shewa Highland Wheat and Teff productive |
| 231121 | North Wollo East Plain |
| 231122 | North Wollo Highland Belg |
| 231123 | North-East Agro-Pastoral |
| 231124 | NorthWest Cash Crop |
| 231125 | NorthWest Sorghum Belt |
| 231126 | Omo River Flood Recession LZ |
| 231127 | Omo Valley Maize and Sorghum LZ |
| 231128 | Raya Valley |
| 231129 | Rift Valley Maize & Horse Bean |
| 231130 | Robe Chole Sude & Seru Teff Maize Haricot Bean Belt |
| 231131 | Salamago Pastoral LZ |
| 231132 | Selale-Ambo Highland Barley, Wheat and Horsebean belt |
| 231133 | Shabelle Riverine |
| 231134 | Sheka Cereal and Enset LZ |
| 231135 | Shinile Agropastoral |
| 231136 | Shinile Pastoral |
| 231137 | Shirka Ticho Spice & Teff |
| 231138 | Sidama Coffee LZ |
| 231139 | Sidama Maize Belt LZ |
| 231140 | Sidama-Gedeo Highland Enset and Barley LZ |
| 231141 | Siraro Kofele Potato & Vegetables |
| 231142 | Soddo Highland Wheat, Barley & Enset |
| 231143 | Sorghum, Maize & Chat |
| 231144 | South East Woyna Dega Teff |
| 231145 | South Omo Crop LZ |
| 231146 | South Omo Pastoral LZ |
| 231147 | South West Maize, Finger Millet and Teff productive |
| 231148 | South West Woyna Dega wheat |
| 231149 | South Wollo & Oromia Eastern lowland sorghum & cattle |
| 231150 | South Wollo Belg |
| 231151 | South Wollo Meher |
| 231152 | South Wollo Meher and Belg |
| 231153 | Southern Agro-Pastoral |
| 231154 | Southern Agro-Pastoral Livelihood Zone |
| 231155 | Southern Cereal, Enset and Root Crop LZ |
| 231156 | Southern Special Woredas Lowland Cereal LZ |
| 231157 | Surma Agro-Pastoral LZ |
| 231158 | Tana Zuria |
| 231159 | Tekeze Lowland Sorghum and Goats |
| 231160 | Teru Pastoral |
| 231161 | Tsirare Catchment |
| 231162 | Wellega Coffee, Maize & Sorghum |
| 231163 | Wellega-Dedo Highland Wheat & Barley |
| 231164 | Werie Catchment |
| 231165 | West Central Teff |
| 231166 | Western Cereal and Sesame |
| 231167 | Western Coffee and Spices LZ - Eastern sub-zone |
| 231168 | Western Coffee and Spices LZ - Western sub-zone |
| 231169 | Western Dry Kolla Sorghum, Maize & Mining |
| 231170 | Western Forest Products LZ |
| 231171 | Wheat, Barley & Potato |
| 231172 | Wolayita Barley and Wheat LZ |
| 231173 | Wolayita Ginger and Coffee LZ |
| 231174 | Wolayita Maize and Root Crop LZ |
| 231175 | Wuchale-Abichu-Kembebit Livestock, 'Wild Oats' & Barley/Wheat |
| 231176 | Yem Cereal and Enset LZ |
| 231999 | No Data |
| 562999 | Not Zoned (Desert) |
| 834999 | Not Zoned |
Warning: these figures indicate the number of cases found in the data file. They cannot be interpreted as summary statistics of the population of interest.
Description
Definition
LIVELIHOOD reports the predominant livelihood zone within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. Livelihood can be used as an indicator for sources of food and/or income and a measure for people's vulnerability to hazards, such as flood, drought, food crisis, market disruption, or conflicts. LIVELIHOOD is available for a subset of the DHS samples with GPS cluster information.
Livelihood zones are country-specific; therefore, codes and labels for LIVELIHOOD vary across countries. The 6-character codes (e.g., 854001) include the 3-digit country code (e.g., 854), followed by the 3-digit numeric livelihood (e.g., West cotton and cereals) code. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: Livelihood Zones [URL omitted from DDI.] or the list of livelihood zones' labels and codes, categorized by country [URL omitted from DDI.]. The User Note also discusses the data sources and methodology used to calculate this variable. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff.
Livelihood zones are country-specific; therefore, codes and labels for LIVELIHOOD vary across countries. The 6-character codes (e.g., 854001) include the 3-digit country code (e.g., 854), followed by the 3-digit numeric livelihood (e.g., West cotton and cereals) code. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: Livelihood Zones [URL omitted from DDI.] or the list of livelihood zones' labels and codes, categorized by country [URL omitted from DDI.]. The User Note also discusses the data sources and methodology used to calculate this variable. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff.
concept
Concept
| Name | Vocabulary |
|---|---|
| Social Variables -- PERSON | IPUMS |