Demographic and Health Survey 1998 - IPUMS Subset
Niger, 1998
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Sep 19, 2018
Last modified
Sep 19, 2018
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Livelihood zone of household (W_LIVELIHOOD)
Data file: NER1998-W.dat
Overview
Type:
Discrete
Decimal:
0
Start:
2225
End:
2230
Width:
6
Range:
-
Format:
Numeric
Questions and instructions
Categories
| Value | Category |
|---|---|
| -00998 | Missing |
| 004001 | Eastern Pastoral and Forest Zone |
| 004002 | Eastern Agro-Pastoral and Forest Zone |
| 004003 | Eastern Agro-Pastoral and Rangeland Zone |
| 004004 | Eastern Semi-Arid Agricultural Zone |
| 004005 | Eastern Agricultural and Labor-Based Zone |
| 004006 | Eastern Intensively Irrigated Zone |
| 004007 | Eastern Cross-Border Trade and Labor-Based Zone |
| 004008 | Eastern Irrigated and Rainfed Agricultural Zone |
| 004009 | East-Central Irrigated Zone |
| 004010 | Southern Intensively Irrigated Cash Crop Zone |
| 004011 | Southern Semi-Arid Agro-Pastoral Zone |
| 004012 | South-Central Agro-Pastoral and Labor-Based Zone |
| 004013 | Southern Desert Zone |
| 004014 | South-Central Agro-Pastoral Zone |
| 004015 | North-Western Agro-Pastoral and Pistachio Zone |
| 004016 | Western Intensively Irrigated Zone |
| 004017 | Western Semi-Arid Agro-Pastoral Zone |
| 004018 | West-Central Highland Agro-Pastoral Zone |
| 004019 | Western and Southern Cross-Border Trade and Labor Zone |
| 004020 | North-Eastern Highland Agro-Pastoral Zone |
| 004021 | Salangi Plains Mixed Farming Zone |
| 004022 | Northern Lowland Cereals and Livestock Zone |
| 004023 | Northern High Cereals Production Zone |
| 004024 | North-Central Agro-Pastoral Zone |
| 004025 | Northern Irrigated and Rainfed Mixed Farming Zone |
| 004026 | Northern Intensively Irrigated Agricultural Zone |
| 004027 | Amo River Irrigation and Cross-Border Trade Zone |
| 004028 | East-Central Agro-Forestry Zone |
| 004029 | Central Cash-Crop and Livestock Zone |
| 024001 | Coastal fishing, horticulture, and non-farm income |
| 024002 | Transitional banana and pineapple farming |
| 024003 | Southern livestock, millet, and sorghum |
| 024004 | Sub humid livestock and maize |
| 024005 | Mid-eastern cassava and savannah forest |
| 024006 | Central highlands potato and vegetables |
| 024007 | Central highlands maize and beans |
| 024008 | Transitional lowland maize, cassava, and beans |
| 024009 | Tropical forest, cassava, banana, and coffee |
| 024010 | Savannah forest and market-oriented cassava |
| 024011 | Savannah forest and subsistence cassava |
| 024012 | Fishing, cassava, and cross-border trade |
| 024013 | Coastal livestock ranching |
| 108001 | Buragane |
| 108002 | Congo Ridge Millet |
| 108003 | Eastern Lowlands |
| 108004 | Northern Lowlands |
| 108005 | Northern Highlands |
| 108006 | Southern Highlands |
| 108007 | Imbo Plain |
| 108008 | Humid Plateaus |
| 108009 | Eastern Arid Plateaus |
| 140001 | Southeast cassava, peanuts, and maize |
| 140002 | Northeast hunting and food crops |
| 140003 | Northern sorghum and millet |
| 140004 | East central mining, cassava, and peanuts |
| 140005 | Southern coffee, cassava, and maize |
| 140006 | Central cassava, peanuts, and maize |
| 140007 | Central cotton, cassava, and maize |
| 140008 | Northern cotton, cassava, and sorghum |
| 140009 | Western cassava, maize, and peanuts |
| 140010 | Southern maize, citrus fruits, and vegetables |
| 140011 | Southwest cassava, coffee, gathering, and mining |
| 148001 | Southern Staple and Cash Crops |
| 148002 | Southwest Rice |
| 148003 | South-central Cereals |
| 148004 | Southeast Flood Retreat and Gum Arabic |
| 148005 | Central Agropastoral |
| 148006 | Eastern Rainfed Cereals and Market Gardening |
| 148007 | Transhumance |
| 148008 | Western Agropastoral and Fishing |
| 148009 | Northern Oasis Cultivation with Camels and Natron |
| 180001 | Copperbelt and Marginal Agriculture |
| 180002 | Savannah Manioc |
| 180003 | Savannah Surplus Maize |
| 180004 | Kamalondo Depression |
| 180005 | Southern Tanganyika-Mwero Fishing |
| 180006 | Maniema Savannah Agriculture |
| 180007 | High Food Production and Surplus Trade |
| 180008 | Northern Tanganyika Midland Agriculture |
| 180009 | Agropastoral Mountains |
| 180010 | Midland Agricultural Savannah |
| 180011 | Rutshuru Volcanic Soils and Agriculture |
| 180012 | Forest Cultivation and Products |
| 180013 | Artisanal Mining with Agriculture |
| 180014 | Northeast Highlands Agriculture |
| 180015 | Orientale Fishing with Agriculture |
| 180016 | Northern Plateau Cassava, Maize, Groundnuts and Beans |
| 180017 | Bumba Rice and Tubers |
| 180018 | Bomongo and Makanza Districts Intensive Fishing |
| 180019 | Fishing and Staples Riverine |
| 180020 | Cuvette Centrale Staple Crops, Fishing and Charcoal |
| 180021 | Equatorial Forest, Hunting, Fishing and Staple Crops |
| 180022 | Lighter Forest with Rice and Cassava |
| 180023 | Savannah with Cassava and Cowpeas and Small Livestock |
| 180024 | High Food Crop Production and Trading |
| 180025 | Intensive Artisanal Diamond Exploitation with Crop Cultivation |
| 180026 | Clay Soils with High Production of Cassava and Maize, and Cattle |
| 180027 | Agropastoral – Staple Crops, Small Stock and Cattle and Wild Foods |
| 180028 | Agriculture with High Production and Marketing |
| 180029 | Cassava, Maize and Groundnuts |
| 180030 | Market Gardening and Staple Crops |
| 180031 | River Fishing and Staple Crops |
| 180032 | Coastal Ocean Fishing and Kitchen Gardening |
| 180033 | Forest – Staple Crops, Cash Crops and Market Gardening |
| 180034 | Kinshasa Peri-urban |
| 222001 | Basic Grain and Labor Zone |
| 222002 | Coffee, Agro-Industrial and Labor Zone |
| 222003 | Sugarcane, Agro-Industry and Labor Zone |
| 222004 | Eastern Basic Grain, Labor, Livestock and Remittance Zone |
| 222005 | Central Free-Trade, Services and Industrial Labor Zone |
| 222006 | Fishing, Aquaculture and Tourism Zone |
| 231001 | Addis Ababa City |
| 231002 | Asale Agropastoral |
| 231003 | Awsa-Gewane Agropastoral |
| 231004 | Aramiss - Adaar Pastoral |
| 231005 | Asale Pastoral |
| 231006 | Chenno Agropastoral |
| 231007 | Eli daar Pastoral |
| 231008 | Namalefan & Baadu Pastoral |
| 231009 | Teru Pastoral |
| 231010 | Abay Beshilo River Basin |
| 231011 | Abay Tekeze Watershed |
| 231012 | Central Highland Barley & Potato |
| 231013 | Cheffa valley |
| 231014 | Guna Highland |
| 231015 | Merhabete Lowland Sorghum and teff |
| 231016 | Minjar teff and livestock |
| 231017 | Minjar teff and sorghum |
| 231018 | North Wollo Highland Belg |
| 231019 | North East Woyna Dega Mixed Cereal |
| 231020 | North Shewa highland sheep and barley |
| 231021 | North Shewa Highland Wheat and Teff productive |
| 231022 | N Highland wheat, Barley & Sheep |
| 231023 | NorthWest Cash Crop |
| 231024 | North Wollo East Plain |
| 231025 | NorthWest Sorghum Belt |
| 231026 | South Wollo Meher |
| 231027 | South Wollo Belg |
| 231028 | South West Maize, Finger Millet and Teff productive |
| 231029 | South Wollo & Oromia Eastern lowland sorghum & cattle |
| 231030 | South East Woyna Dega Teff |
| 231031 | South West Woyna Dega wheat |
| 231032 | Tekeze Lowland Sorghum and Goats |
| 231033 | Tana Zuria |
| 231034 | South Wollo Meher and Belg |
| 231035 | Central Kolla Sorghum, Maize & Millet |
| 231036 | Midland Teff & Coffee |
| 231037 | Western Dry Kolla Sorghum, Maize & Mining |
| 231038 | Meketel Highland Cereal & Pulses |
| 231039 | Gambella Agropastoral |
| 231040 | Gambella Coffee, Honey & Cereal LZ |
| 231041 | Gambella Mixed Agriculture |
| 231042 | No Data |
| 231043 | Arsi Bale Wheat, Barley & Potato |
| 231044 | Anfilo Coffee Monoculture & Honey |
| 231045 | Abe Dongoro-Diga-Sasiga Coffee & Sorghum |
| 231046 | Adaba Dodola Community Forest |
| 231047 | Agarfa, Gasera, Ginir & Gololcha Fruit, Coffee & Chat |
| 231048 | Ambo Selale Ginderberet Teff & Wheat |
| 231049 | Abijata Shala Jido Agro-Pastoral |
| 231050 | Abay Gorge Sesame, Maize & Honey |
| 231051 | Ameya-Wolisso-Ambo Teff & Cattle |
| 231052 | Becho-Adea Teff & Chickpea |
| 231053 | Borena-Guji Maize, Wheat & Livestock |
| 231054 | Borena-Guji Coffee & Enset |
| 231055 | Borena-Guji Cattle Pastoralist |
| 231056 | Bale Agro-Pastoral |
| 231057 | Bale Pastoralist |
| 231058 | Chercher & Gololcha Chole Coffee, Maize & Chat |
| 231059 | Central Horo Teff, Nug & Cattle |
| 231060 | Chebo-Inchini Enset, Barley & Cattle |
| 231061 | Chat & Vegetables |
| 231062 | Dallo, Barbare & Arana-Buluk Coffee |
| 231063 | Dale-Lalo Sorghum & Maize |
| 231064 | Didessa-Gibe-Wama Valley Sorghum, Maize & Oilcrops |
| 231065 | Ebantu-Limu Teff & Cattle |
| 231066 | Guduru-Amuru Maize, Teff & Cattle |
| 231067 | Guji-Borena Enset, Barley & Cattle |
| 231068 | Gerbo Enset & Chat |
| 231069 | Gursum-Babile Groundnuts & Sorghum |
| 231070 | Gera-Setema-Sale Forest Teff, Honey & Cattle |
| 231071 | Gibe Maize & Peppers |
| 231072 | Goro-Ginir Spice & Wheat |
| 231073 | Anger Maize, Sorghum & Finger Millet |
| 231074 | Illu-Wellega-Birbir Maize, Peppers & Sesame |
| 231075 | Jimma-Illubabur Coffee, Cereals & Chat |
| 231076 | Jaldu-Dendi-Ilfata Barley & Potato |
| 231077 | Jimma-Yama Logi Teff & Maize |
| 231078 | Kofele Kokosa Enset & Cattle Belt |
| 231079 | Muger-Abay-Jema Sorghum & Teff Belt |
| 231080 | Melka Awash-Ochocha Mid-Highland Wheat & Teff |
| 231081 | Moyale Agro-Pastoral, Labour & Cross-Border Trade |
| 231082 | Moyale Cattle, Shoats & Camel Pastoralist |
| 231083 | Market-Isolated Cattle & Shoat Pastoralist |
| 231084 | Kereyu Pastoral |
| 231085 | Mendi-Dabisu Maize, Sesame & Cattle |
| 231086 | North-East Agro-Pastoral |
| 231087 | Nadda-Gilgel Gibe Maize, Teff and Sorghum |
| 231088 | Nole-Meko-Diga Teff & Cattle |
| 231089 | Nejo-Dilla Teff, Finger Millet & Nug |
| 231090 | Southern Agro-Pastoral |
| 231091 | Keto-Begi Cereals & Cattle |
| 231092 | Robe Chole Sude & Seru Teff Maize Haricot Bean Belt |
| 231093 | Rift Valley Maize & Horse Bean |
| 231094 | Selale-Ambo Highland Barley, Wheat and Horsebean belt |
| 231095 | Soddo Highland Wheat, Barley & Enset |
| 231096 | Siraro Kofele Potato & Vegetables |
| 231097 | Sorghum, Maize & Chat |
| 231098 | Shirka Ticho Spice & Teff |
| 231099 | Wheat, Barley & Potato |
| 231100 | Wellega-Dedo Highland Wheat & Barley |
| 231101 | Wuchale-Abichu-Kembebit Livestock, 'Wild Oats' & Barley/Wheat |
| 231102 | Wellega Coffee, Maize & Sorghum |
| 231103 | Amaro Coffee and Enset LZ |
| 231104 | Awassa Chat and Enset LZ |
| 231105 | Alaba-Mareko Lowland Pepper LZ |
| 231106 | Badewacho-Alaba Maize LZ |
| 231107 | Bilate Basin Agro-Pastoral LZ |
| 231108 | Bench-Keffa Cereal and Enset LZ |
| 231109 | Basketo-Melo Coffee and Root Crop LZ |
| 231110 | Dawro-Konta Maize and Root Crop LZ |
| 231111 | Western Coffee and Spices LZ - Eastern sub-zone |
| 231112 | Gedeo Coffee LZ |
| 231113 | Gurage-Siltie Highland Enset and Barley LZ |
| 231114 | Gurage-Siltie Midland Enset and Chat LZ |
| 231115 | Gurage-Siltie Enset and Teff LZ |
| 231116 | Gamo Gofa Enset and Barley LZ |
| 231117 | Gurage Lowland Maize and Teff LZ |
| 231118 | Gamo Gofa Maize and Root Crop LZ |
| 231119 | Hadero Ginger LZ |
| 231120 | Hadiya Maize LZ |
| 231121 | Hadiya-Kembata Cereal and Enset LZ - Hadiya sub zone |
| 231122 | Chamo-Abaya Irrigated Banana LZ |
| 231123 | Kedida-Badewacho Coffee LZ |
| 231124 | Hadiya-Kembata Cereal and Enset LZ - Kembata sub-zone |
| 231125 | Kaffa Cereal and Enset LZ |
| 231126 | Southern Special Woredas Lowland Cereal LZ |
| 231127 | Omo River Flood Recession LZ |
| 231128 | Omo Valley Maize and Sorghum LZ |
| 231129 | |
| 231130 | Southern Cereal, Enset and Root Crop LZ |
| 231131 | Sidama Coffee LZ |
| 231132 | Surma Agro-Pastoral LZ |
| 231133 | Sidama-Gedeo Highland Enset and Barley LZ |
| 231134 | Sidama Maize Belt LZ |
| 231135 | Southern Agro-Pastoral Livelihood Zone |
| 231136 | South Omo Crop LZ |
| 231137 | South Omo Pastoral LZ |
| 231138 | Salamago Pastoral LZ |
| 231139 | Sheka Cereal and Enset LZ |
| 231140 | Wolayita Ginger and Coffee LZ |
| 231141 | Western Coffee and Spices LZ - Western sub-zone |
| 231142 | Western Forest Products LZ |
| 231143 | Wolayita Maize and Root Crop LZ |
| 231144 | Wolayita Barley and Wheat LZ |
| 231145 | Yem Cereal and Enset LZ |
| 231146 | Afder Pastoral |
| 231147 | Degahbur Agropastoral |
| 231148 | Dawa-Ganale Riverine |
| 231149 | Filtu-Dolo Pastoral |
| 231150 | Fik Pastoral |
| 231151 | Gode Agropastoral |
| 231152 | Harshin-Degahbur East Pastoral |
| 231153 | Jijiga Agropastoral |
| 231154 | Jijiga Sedentary Farming |
| 231155 | Korahe Agropastoral |
| 231156 | Korahe-Gode Pastoral |
| 231157 | Liban Agropastoral |
| 231158 | Lowland-Hawd Pastoral |
| 231159 | Moyale-Wayamo Pastoral |
| 231160 | No Data |
| 231161 | Shinile Agropastoral |
| 231162 | Shinile Pastoral |
| 231163 | Shabelle Riverine |
| 231164 | Adiyabo Lowland |
| 231165 | Alaje Ofla Highland |
| 231166 | Atsbi Womberta Highland |
| 231167 | Central Mixed Crop |
| 231168 | Enderta Dry Midland |
| 231169 | Eastern Planteau |
| 231170 | Gesho and Wheat Highland |
| 231171 | Humera Sesame and Sorghum |
| 231172 | Irob Mountains |
| 231173 | Mereb Basin |
| 231174 | Middle Tekeze |
| 231175 | Raya Valley |
| 231176 | Tsirare Catchment |
| 231177 | West Central Teff |
| 231178 | Werie Catchment |
| 231179 | Western Cereal and Sesame |
| 262001 | Northwest Pastoral |
| 262002 | Central Pastoral |
| 262003 | Southeast Pastoral |
| 262004 | Market Gardening |
| 262005 | Djibouti City |
| 324001 | Coastal: Rice, Fishing, Palm oil |
| 324002 | Piedmont: Rice, Groundnut, Horticulture |
| 324003 | Central plateau: Horticulture, Fonio, Livestock |
| 324004 | Mountain: Livestock, Fonio, Groundnut |
| 324005 | Mountain : Rice, Livestock, Fonio |
| 324006 | Northern plateau: Rice, Groundnut, Livestock |
| 324007 | Savannah with shrubs: Rice, Gold mining, Livestock |
| 324008 | Northeast: Maize, Gold mining, Livestock |
| 324009 | Wooded savannah: Rice, Manioc, Groundnut |
| 324010 | Pre-forest zone: Rice, Manioc, Livestock |
| 324011 | Forest: Rice, Palm oil, Coffee |
| 332001 | Dry Coastal Maize and Charcoal |
| 332002 | North Tubers and Horticulture |
| 332003 | Central Plateau Maize and Tubers |
| 332004 | Rice Plains of the Artibonite |
| 332005 | Western Banana Plains of Arcahaie |
| 332006 | West Gardening and Beans |
| 332007 | South Beans, Bananas, and Petty Trade |
| 332008 | Southwestern Coast Maize, Manioc, and Bush Products |
| 332009 | Urban |
| 340000 | Casco urbano |
| 340001 | Zona de medios de vida litoral GarÃfuna y de turismo en islas de la BahÃa |
| 340002 | Zona litoral atlántica productora de aceite de palma |
| 340003 | Zona de venta de obra en maquilas, banano y caña de azúcar |
| 340004 | Zona Mosquitia de caza y pesca |
| 340005 | Zona montañosa de café |
| 340006 | Zona de medios de vida pesquera y salinera del Golfo de Fonseca |
| 340007 | Zona de granos básicos de subsistencia y remesas |
| 340008 | Zona de venta de mano de obra en melón, sandÃa y camarón |
| 340009 | Zona de medios de vida, granos básicos y ganaderÃa |
| 340010 | Reserva del RÃo Platano |
| 404001 | Northwestern Pastoral Zone |
| 404002 | Turkwell Riverine Zone |
| 404003 | Northwestern Agropastoral Zone |
| 404004 | Lake Turkana Fishing |
| 404005 | Northern Pastoral Zone |
| 404006 | Marsabit Marginal Mixed Farming Zone |
| 404007 | Northeastern Agropastoral Zone |
| 404008 | Mandera Riverine Zone |
| 404009 | Northeastern Pastoral Zone |
| 404010 | Eastern Pastoral Zone |
| 404011 | Southeastern Pastoral Zone |
| 404012 | Coastal Medium Potential Farming Zone |
| 404013 | Coastal Marginal Agricultural Mixed Farming Zone |
| 404014 | Tana Riverine Zone |
| 404015 | Southern Pastoral Zone |
| 404016 | Southeastern Marginal Mixed Farming Zone |
| 404017 | Southeastern Medium Potential, Mixed Farming Zone |
| 404018 | Southern Agropastoral Zone |
| 404019 | Central Highlands, High Potential Zone |
| 404020 | Western Medium Potential Zone |
| 404021 | Western High Potential Zone |
| 404022 | Western Lakeshore Marginal Mixed Farming Zone |
| 404023 | Lake Victoria Fishing Zone |
| 404024 | Western Agropastoral Zone |
| 426001 | Northern Lowlands |
| 426002 | Southern Lowlands |
| 426003 | Foothills |
| 426004 | Mountains |
| 426005 | Senqu River Valley |
| 430001 | North-East Rice Farming Palm Oil |
| 430002 | North/Central Rice with Cassava and Market Gardening |
| 430003 | South-East Rice with Cassava |
| 430004 | Coastal Plain Cassava with Rice and Inland Fishing |
| 430005 | Coastal Fishing and Cassava |
| 430006 | Rice Intercropped and Forest Hunting |
| 430007 | Border Cacao and Coffee Farming |
| 430008 | Rubber and Charcoal with Food Crops |
| 430009 | Peri-Urban: Petty Trade, Market Gardening and Casual Employment |
| 430010 | Mining/Concession and Farming Zone |
| 430098 | National Parks |
| 430099 | Urban Areas |
| 450001 | Extreme north: sugar cane, fishing, tourism |
| 450002 | North: vanilla, clove, coconut tree |
| 450003 | Sofia River basin: tobacco, onion, fishing |
| 450004 | Northern highland: rice, zebu |
| 450005 | Betsiboka Delta: rice, fishing |
| 450006 | Upper Betsiboka: gold mining, rice, cows |
| 450007 | Aloatra: rice, fishing, livestock rearing |
| 450008 | Toamasina: cloves, coffee, trade |
| 450009 | West: rice, fishing, gathering |
| 450010 | Agropastoral midwest: rice, maize, pulses |
| 450011 | Central Iarivo: rice, market gardening, eucalyptus |
| 450012 | Moramanga: forest, petty trade, market gardening |
| 450013 | Center-east: litchi, coffee, citrus |
| 450014 | Ankaratra: staple crops, horticulture, milk |
| 450015 | Tsirobihina Delta: rice, fishing, pulses |
| 450016 | South-central peneplain: rice, onion, small livestock |
| 450017 | Southern highlands: staple crops, crafts, market gardening |
| 450018 | Corridor: forest products, banana |
| 450019 | Southeast: coffee, litchi, cassava |
| 450020 | Southwest: rice, lima bean |
| 450021 | Bara plateau: cows, cassava |
| 450022 | Center-south: staple crops, industrial sisal, zebu |
| 450023 | Mahafaly plateau: cassava |
| 450024 | Extreme south: cassava, maize, livestock rearing |
| 454001 | Central Karonga |
| 454002 | Chitipa Millet & Maize |
| 454003 | Kasungu Lilongwe Plain |
| 454004 | Lake Chilwa - Phalombe Plain |
| 454005 | Lower Shire |
| 454006 | Middle Shire Valley |
| 454007 | Misuku Hills |
| 454008 | Mzimba Self Sufficient |
| 454009 | Nkhata Bay Cassava |
| 454010 | Northern Karonga |
| 454011 | Northern Lakeshore |
| 454012 | Phirilongwe Hills |
| 454013 | Rift Valley Escarpment |
| 454014 | Shire Highlands |
| 454015 | Southern Lakeshore |
| 454016 | Thyolo Mulunje Tea Estates |
| 454017 | Western Rumphi & Mzimba |
| 454018 | Border Productive Horticulture |
| 454019 | Urban |
| 454020 | National Park |
| 466001 | Nomadism and Trans-Saharan Trade |
| 466002 | Northern Livestock |
| 466003 | Niger Loop Rice and Fishing |
| 466004 | Central Livestock, Millet, and Remittances |
| 466005 | Dogon Plateau Millet and Shallots |
| 466006 | Niger Delta Rice, Cattle, and Fishing |
| 466007 | Office du NigerRice and Market Gardening |
| 466008 | Northwestern Sorghum, Remittances, and Livestock |
| 466009 | Central Sorghum and Millet |
| 466010 | Southeastern Sorghum, Millet, and Cotton |
| 466011 | Southern Maize, Cotton, and Fruits |
| 466012 | Southwestern Maize, Livestock, and Gold Mining |
| 466013 | Center-eastern Millet and Livestock |
| 466014 | Lakes Recessional Millet and Sorghum |
| 466015 | Western Groundnut, Sorghum, and Maize |
| 466016 | Southwestern Gold Mining and Maize |
| 466017 | Urban |
| 478001 | Nomadic pastoralist |
| 478002 | Mine and pastoral |
| 478003 | Mixed pastoral, oases and wadis |
| 478004 | Littoral coastal fishing |
| 478005 | Pastoral and trade |
| 478006 | Transhumant pastoralism |
| 478007 | Agropastoralism |
| 478008 | Senegal valley agriculture |
| 478009 | Rainfed agriculture |
| 508001 | Lakeshore Basic Staples and Fishing |
| 508002 | Northern Highland Forest and Tourism |
| 508003 | Northwestern Tobacco and Maize |
| 508004 | Northern Cassava, Maize, and Forest |
| 508005 | Northern Highland with Mixed Cropping |
| 508006 | Northeastern Highland Forest |
| 508007 | Northeastern Cassava, Cashew, and Coconut |
| 508008 | North-Central Coastal Fishing |
| 508009 | Plains with Cassava, Rice, and Fishing |
| 508010 | Zambezi Valley with Maize and Fishing |
| 508011 | Northwestern Cropping and Cross-border Trade |
| 508012 | Coastal Sugarcane and Fishing |
| 508013 | Tete Highland Mixed Cropping, Tobbaco, and Cotton |
| 508014 | Cahora Bassa Dam Sesame and Cotton |
| 508015 | Central Semiarid Cotton and Minerals |
| 508016 | Manica Highland Mixed Cropping, Cotton, and Tobacco |
| 508017 | Central Manica and Sofala Mixed Cropping |
| 508018 | Cheringoma and Muanza Maize and Cassava |
| 508019 | Central Semiarid Pineapple and Cashew |
| 508020 | Southern Coastal Cassava, Coconut, and Fishing |
| 508021 | Southern Intermediate Mixed Cropping |
| 508022 | Southern Semiarid Cereals and Cattle |
| 508023 | Southeastern Rice |
| 508024 | Limpopo and Elephant Rivers Mixed Cropping |
| 508025 | Southern Coastal Rishing, Manioc, and Maize |
| 508026 | Southern Highland Cattle and Mixed Cropping |
| 558000 | Urban Area |
| 558001 | Pacific Coast Export Fishing, Aquaculture, Tourism and Livestock Zone |
| 558002 | Pacific Agro-Industrial and Transitional Agriculture Zone |
| 558003 | Northwest Subsistence Agriculture, Livestock and Alternate Income Activities Zone |
| 558004 | Estelà Traditional and Industrial Tobacco Zone |
| 558005 | Managua Peri-urban Free-Trade, Agro-industry and Services Zone |
| 558006 | East-Central Vegetables, Informal Trade, Industry and Tourism Zone |
| 558007 | Southern Pacific, Agriculture and High Migration Zone |
| 558008 | Central Cattle and Agricultural Frontier Zone |
| 558009 | Agriculture and Livestock with High Migration to Costa Rica Zone |
| 558010 | Caribbean Humid Tropical Agriculture Zone |
| 558011 | Northern Atlantic Agricultural Frontier and Mining Zone |
| 558012 | Coffee with Commercial Agriculture and Livestock Zone |
| 558013 | Northern Market-bound Basic Grains, Livestock and Coffee Zone |
| 558014 | Communal Forestry Zone |
| 558015 | Coco River Traditional Agriculture Zone |
| 558016 | Caribbean Coast Traditional Fishing Zone |
| 558025 | National Forest Reserve |
| 562000 | Not Zoned (Desert) |
| 562001 | North-east Oases: Dates, Salt and Trade |
| 562002 | Aïr Massif Irrigated Gardening |
| 562003 | Transhumant and Nomad Pastoralism |
| 562004 | Agropastoral Belt |
| 562005 | Rainfed Millet and Sorghum Belt |
| 562006 | Cropping and Herding with High Work Outmigration |
| 562007 | Southern Irrigated Cash Crops |
| 562008 | Southwestern Cereals with Fan-Palm Products |
| 562009 | Niger River Irrigated Rice |
| 562010 | Dallols - Seasonal Water-Course Irrigated Crops |
| 562011 | Southeastern Natron Salt and Small Basin Irrigated Dates |
| 562012 | Komadougou Irrigated Peppers |
| 562013 | Lake Chad Flood-Retreat Cultivation with Fishing |
| 562014 | Transhumant and Nomad Pastoralism-Camels |
| 566001 | Coastal Fishing |
| 566002 | Southern Cocoa, Palm Oil, and Kola nut |
| 566003 | South-Central Yam, Cassava, and Banana |
| 566004 | Southeast Rice, Salt, and Granite |
| 566005 | Niger and Benue River Floodplain Rice and Fishing |
| 566006 | Central Plain Yam and Cassava |
| 566007 | Mambilla Plateau Cattle, Cocoa, and Tea |
| 566008 | Central Highland Maize and Soybean |
| 566009 | Northeastern Highland Maize, Cocoyam, Potatoes, and Livestock |
| 566010 | North-Central Maize, Sorghum, and Cotton |
| 566011 | Northern Floodplains Irrigated Rice, Wheat, and Vegetables |
| 566012 | Northeast Millet, Cowpea, and Sesame |
| 566013 | Sahel Mixed Cereals and Livestock |
| 686000 | Urban Area - Dakar |
| 686001 | The Niayes Gardening and Fishing |
| 686002 | Delta Rice, Horticulture, and Agricultural Labor |
| 686003 | Valley Rice and Remittances |
| 686004 | Dieri Millet and Remittances |
| 686005 | Rainfed Cowpea and Groundnut |
| 686006 | Sylvopatoral Livestock and Gathering |
| 686007 | Small Coast Fishing and Tourism |
| 686008 | Rainfed Groundnut and Millet |
| 686009 | Agropastoral Groundnut |
| 686010 | Rainfed Groundnut and Cereals |
| 686011 | Forest and Rainfed Rice |
| 686012 | Forest, Rainfed Rice, and Groundnut |
| 686013 | Rainfed Maize, Cotton, and Cattle |
| 686014 | Rainfed Maize and Lumber |
| 686015 | Rainfed Maize and Artisanal Gold Mining |
| 686016 | National Park |
| 694000 | Urban Area - Not Zoned |
| 694001 | Tonkolli Food Crops, Gold and Iron Ore |
| 694002 | Bombali Food Crops, Peppers, Tobacco and Livestock |
| 694003 | Western Rice, Root Crops, Cereals and Trade Belt |
| 694004 | Coastal Food Crops and Fishing |
| 694005 | Kailahun-Kenema-Pujehun Cash Crops, Food Crops and Trade |
| 694006 | Kono-Kenema-Bo Rice, Tree Crops and Timbers |
| 694007 | Koinadugu Food Crops, Livestock and Trade |
| 694008 | Follosoba Dembellia and Wara Wara Yagala Vegetables |
| 694009 | Freetown Peri-Urban |
| 694010 | Rice Bowl Areas |
| 706001 | Guban Pastoral |
| 706002 | West Golis Pastoral |
| 706003 | Northwestern Agropastoral |
| 706004 | Togdheer Agropastoral |
| 706005 | Hawd Pastoral |
| 706006 | Northern Inland Pastoral – Goats and Sheep |
| 706007 | East Golis – Frankincense, Goats, and Fishing |
| 706008 | Coastal Deeh Pastoral and Fishing |
| 706009 | Addun Pastoral |
| 706010 | Cowpea Belt Agropastoral |
| 706011 | Southern Inland Pastoral – Camels, Goats, Sheep, and Cattle |
| 706012 | Southern Agropastoral – Goats, Camels, and Sorghum |
| 706013 | Riverine Pump Irrigation |
| 706014 | Riverine Gravity Irrigation |
| 706015 | Sorghum High Potential Agropastoral |
| 706016 | Bay Bakool Low Potential Agropastoral |
| 706017 | Southern Rainfed Agropastoral – Maize, Cattle, and Goats |
| 706018 | Juba Pastoral – Cattle and Goats |
| 706019 | Urban |
| 716000 | Urban |
| 716001 | Agrofisheries |
| 716002 | Beitbridge South Western Lowveld Communal |
| 716003 | Bikita-Zaka Highlands Communal |
| 716004 | Central and Northern Semi Intensive Farming |
| 716005 | Cereal and High Cotton Communal |
| 716006 | Cereal and Low Cotton Communal |
| 716007 | Eastern Highlands Commercial Farming |
| 716008 | Eastern Highlands Prime Communal |
| 716009 | Eastern Kalahari Sandveld Communal |
| 716010 | Greater Mudzi Communal |
| 716011 | Highveld Prime Cereal and Cash Crop Resettlement |
| 716012 | Highveld Prime Communal |
| 716013 | Irrigated Commercial Sugar and Fruit Farming |
| 716014 | Kariba Valley and Kariangwe-Jambezi Communal |
| 716015 | Livestock and Cereal Farming Communal in Forests |
| 716016 | Lusulu, Lupane and Southern Gokwe Mixed Agriculture |
| 716017 | Masvingo Manicaland Middleveld Smallholder |
| 716018 | Matabeleland Middleveld Communal |
| 716019 | Mutorashanga Informal mining |
| 716020 | Mwenezi, Chivi and South Midland Communal |
| 716021 | Northern Cattle and Cereal Farming |
| 716022 | Northern Zambezi Valley Communal |
| 716023 | Save River Valley and Ndowoyo Communal |
| 716024 | Southern Cattle and Cereal Farming |
| 716025 | Western Kalahari Sandveld Communal |
| 716026 | National Park |
| 728001 | Equatorial maize and cassava |
| 728002 | Ironstone Plateau agro-pastoral |
| 728003 | Highland forest and sorghum |
| 728004 | Western groundnuts, sesame and sorghum |
| 728005 | Eastern semi-arid pastoral |
| 728006 | Eastern plains sorghum and cattle |
| 728007 | Greater Bahr el Ghazal sorghum and cattle |
| 728008 | Nile basin fishing and agro-pastoral |
| 728009 | Oil resources, maize and cattle |
| 728010 | Northeastern maize and cattle |
| 728011 | Northern sorhgum and livestock |
| 729000 | Not Zoned |
| 729001 | Northern Riverine Small-scale Cultivation |
| 729002 | Southern Riverine Small/Medium-scale Cultivation |
| 729003 | Eastern Pastoral |
| 729004 | West and Central Pastoral |
| 729005 | Eastern Khors Agropastoral |
| 729006 | Coastal Fishing |
| 729007 | Eastern Agropastoral Sorghum |
| 729008 | Flood-retreat Cultivation |
| 729009 | Central Irrigated Schemes |
| 729010 | Southeast Rainfed Semi-mechanized Agriculture |
| 729011 | Rainfed Sorghum Belt |
| 729012 | Western Agropastoral Millet and Groundnuts |
| 729013 | Western Agropastoral Millet |
| 729014 | Central Rainfed Millet and Sesame |
| 729015 | Jabel Marra Mixed Highland Cultivation |
| 729016 | Western Wadi Cultivation |
| 729017 | North Darfur Tobacco |
| 729018 | North Kordofan Gum Arabic Belt |
| 729019 | Cattle Dominant Agropastoral |
| 800001 | North Eastern Karamoja Highland Apiculture and Potato Zone |
| 800002 | Western Karamoja Mixed Crop Farming Zone |
| 800003 | South Eastern Karamoja Cattle Maize Zone |
| 800004 | Karamoja Mountain and Foot Hills Maize and Cattle Zone |
| 800005 | Central Karamoja Sorghum and Livestock Zone |
| 800006 | NE Sorghum Simsim Maize Livestock Zone |
| 800007 | North Kitgum Gulu Amuru West Nile Simsim Sorghum Livestock Zone |
| 800008 | Palabek Tobacco Simsim Sorghum and Cattle Zone |
| 800009 | South Kitgum Pader Abim Simsim Groundnuts Sorghum Cattle Zone |
| 800010 | Albertine West Nile Lowland Cattle Zone |
| 800011 | Kafu Muzizi Maize Upland Rice Cassava Zone |
| 800012 | Albertine Escarpment Cotton Cassava Zone |
| 800013 | Bwijanga Pakanyi SugarcaNE Maize Cassava Zone |
| 800014 | Karuma Masindi Oyam Tobacco Maize Cassava Zone |
| 800015 | West Nile Tobacco Cassava Sorghum Zone |
| 800016 | Rwenzori Mt.Elgon West Nile Arabica Coffee Banana Zone |
| 800017 | Amuru Gulu Rice Groundnut Sorghum Livestock Zone |
| 800018 | Southwest Gulu Beans Groundnuts Shoat Cassava |
| 800019 | Mid North Simsim Maize Cassava Zone |
| 800020 | Eastern Lowland Maize Beans Rice Zone |
| 800021 | Eastern Central Lowland Cassava Sorghum and Groundnut Zone |
| 800022 | Mt Elgon Highland Irish Potato Cereal Zone |
| 800023 | Central and Southern Cattle Cassava Maize Zone |
| 800024 | Lakeshore and Riverbank Fishing Zone |
| 800025 | Southeastern Maize Beans Robusta Coffee Zone |
| 800026 | Midwest Central and Lake Victoria Crescent Robusta Coffee Banana Maize and Cattle Zone |
| 800027 | Rwenzori Midland Banana Fruit Vegetable Dairy Zone |
| 800028 | Kazinga Channel Cassava Maize Fruit Vegetable Cotton Zone |
| 800029 | Rwenzori Lowland Maize Vegetable Banana Zone |
| 800030 | Southeastern Lowland Cassava Cereal Zone |
| 800031 | Eastern Lowland Rice Root Crop Zone |
| 800032 | Southeastern Lowland Cassava Maize Sweet Potato Zone |
| 800033 | East Central Plantation Outgrower Zone |
| 800034 | Kayunga Masaka Pineapple Banana Robusta Coffee and Cassava Zone |
| 800035 | SW Highland Irish Potato Sorghum Vegetable Zone |
| 800036 | Kalangala Fishing Oil Palm Cassava Zone |
| 800037 | Western Rift Valley Cocoa Coffee Cassava Zone |
| 800038 | Rwenzori Midland Tea and Dairy Zone |
| 800039 | Southwestern Midland Banana Robusta Coffee Cattle Zone |
| 800040 | SW Rift Valley Tobacco Bean Millet Zone |
| 800041 | Urban |
| 800042 | National Park |
| 834001 | Southern Maasai Pastoralist |
| 834002 | River Pangani Paddy and Maize Basin |
| 834003 | Tanga Maize and Cattle |
| 834004 | Tanga Maize and Sisal Employment |
| 834005 | Usambara-Pare Highland |
| 834006 | Tanga Maize, Orange, and Jackfruit Midlands |
| 834007 | Tanga-Pwani Coastal Maize, Paddy Belt |
| 834008 | Handeni-Bagamoyo Maize, Cassava, and Fruit Midlands |
| 834009 | Loliondo Midland Maize, Beans, and Livestock |
| 834010 | Lower Rombo Maize, Beans, and Finger Millet |
| 834011 | Kilimanjaro-Meru Maize, Coffee, and Plantains |
| 834012 | Karatu Wheat, Maize, and Coffee |
| 834013 | Lower Arusha-Simanjiro Maize |
| 834014 | Northern Maasai Pastoralist |
| 834015 | Nowu Maize, Beans, and Onions Highlands |
| 834016 | Babati Kwaraa Maize, Beans, Sunflower, and Coffee |
| 834017 | Kiteto-Kongwa-Mpwapwa-Mvomero Maize, Sorghum, and Pigeon Pea |
| 834018 | Mbulu-Karatu Midlands Maize, Beans, and Livestock |
| 834019 | Hadzabe Hunter-Gatherer Wild Honey, Wild Roots, and Wild Fruit |
| 834020 | Wembere Paddy, Sorghum, Maize, Sunflower, and Fishing |
| 834021 | Bahi-Sanza Irrigated Rice, Maize, Bulrush Millet, and Livestock |
| 834022 | Iramba Midland Onion, Maize, and Sunflower |
| 834023 | Manyoni Upland Maize, Sunflower, Sesame, and Livestock |
| 834024 | Tabora-Singida Midland Maize, Sunflower, and Livestock |
| 834025 | Singida-Manyara Maize, Sorghum, Beans, and Sunflower |
| 834026 | East and South Lakeshore Fishing, Cassava, and Upland Rice |
| 834027 | Western Lakeshore Coffee, Fishing, and Banana |
| 834028 | Kagera-Kigoma-Mara Banana, Coffee, and Beans |
| 834029 | Mwanza-Shinyanga-Mara Cotton, Livestock, Cassava, and Maize |
| 834030 | Kagera Lowlands Beans, Maize, and Livestock |
| 834031 | Shinyanga-Tabora Cotton, Upland Rice, Sweet Potato, and Livestock |
| 834032 | Sengerema-Geita Highland Cassava, Rice, and Maize |
| 834033 | Kagera-Kigoma Beans, Cassava, and Maize |
| 834034 | Kahama-Tabora Midland Tobacco, Maize, Rice, and Livestock |
| 834035 | Kishapu-Meatu-Maswa Sorghum, Cotton, Sweet Potato, and Livestock |
| 834036 | Urambo-Nzega Lowland Groundnuts, Cotton, and Maize |
| 834037 | Kigoma Lowland Palm Oil, Cassava, and Maize |
| 834038 | Urambo Agropastoral Maize and Sweet Potato |
| 834039 | Victoria Islands Fishing, Cassava, Sweet Potato, and Paddy |
| 834040 | Ruaha Riverine Maize, Onion, Tomato, and Paddy Lowlands |
| 834041 | Chalinze-Tunuguo Maize, Cattle, and Cassava |
| 834042 | Kilombero-Mtibwa Paddy, Maize, and Sugar Employment |
| 834043 | Kilombero-Ulanga-Lusewa Paddy, Maize, and Cassava |
| 834044 | Kilosa-Mvomero Maize and Paddy Lowlands |
| 834045 | Matombo-Kuyuni Spice, Maize, and Banana |
| 834046 | Bagamoyo-Kibaha Midland Cassava, Cashew, and Maize |
| 834047 | Morogoro Highland Maize and Vegetable |
| 834048 | Maskat-Kimbet Maize and Beans Highlands |
| 834049 | Newala-Masasi Plateau Sesame, Cassava, Cashew, and Sorghum |
| 834050 | Mtwara-Lindi Coastal Rice and Cashew |
| 834051 | Matumbi Midland Upland Rice, Oranges, and Maize |
| 834052 | Lindi-Nachingwea Lowland Cassava and Maize |
| 834053 | Southeastern Plateau Cassava, Cashew, and Bambara Nuts |
| 834054 | Mtwara-Lindi-Pwani Riverine |
| 834055 | Singida-Dodoma Sorghum, B/Millet, Sunflower, and Livestock |
| 834056 | Dodoma Lowland Sunflower, Grape, and Sorghum |
| 834057 | Mpanda Maize, Paddy, Sunflower, and Livestock |
| 834058 | Lake Tanganyika-Rukwa Fishing, Maize, and Sunflower |
| 834059 | Kyela Paddy, Cacao, and Palm Oil Lowlands |
| 834060 | Rungwe Banana, Coffee, Tea, and Livestock Midlands |
| 834061 | Mporoto-Umalila Irish Potato, Maize, Wheat, and Pyrethrum Highlands |
| 834062 | Mbozi-Mbeya Coffee, Maize, Beans, and Livestock Highlands |
| 834063 | Usangu Paddy, Maize, Sorghum, and Livestock Wetlands |
| 834064 | Kamsamba Paddy, Sorghum, and Livestock Lowlands |
| 834065 | Chunya Maize, Sunflower, Cassava, and Groundnut Midlands |
| 834066 | West Chunya Maize, Bulrush Millet, and Sesame Lowlands |
| 834067 | Lake Nyasa Shore Cassava Fishing and Paddy |
| 834068 | Namtumbo Tobacco, Maize, Paddy, and Cassava Midlands |
| 834069 | Matengo Coffee, Maize, Beans, and Piggery Midlands |
| 834070 | Songea-Namtumbo-Ludewa-Mibinga Maize, Beans, and Cassava Midlands |
| 834071 | Njombe-Mufindi Maize, Timber, Tea, Pyrethrum, and Employment |
| 834072 | Mtera Dam Fishing, Sorghum, and Sesame |
| 834073 | Makete Wheat, Irish Potato, Timber, and Employment Highlands |
| 834074 | Njombe-Mufindi Maize, Irish Potato, and Bean |
| 834075 | Iringa-Mbarali Maize, Sunflower, Beans, and Groundnut Belt |
| 834076 | Tunduru-Nachingwea-Nanyumbu Cashew, Cassava, and Paddy Lowlands |
| 834077 | Mpanda-Chunya-Sikonge Maize and Tobacco Lowlands |
| 834078 | Sumbawanga-Mbozi-Mpanda Maize, Sunflower, and Livestock |
| 834098 | Water |
| 834099 | Not Zoned |
| 854001 | South tubers and cereals |
| 854002 | Southwest fruits, cotton, and cereals |
| 854003 | West cotton and cereals |
| 854004 | West cereals and remittances |
| 854005 | Central plateau cereals and market gardening |
| 854006 | Ouagadougou peri-urban |
| 854007 | North and east livestock and cereals |
| 854008 | North transhumant pastoralism and millet |
| 854009 | Southeast cereals, livestock, forestry and faune |
| 887001 | Amran Rainfed Sorghum, Barley, Qat, and Livestock Zone |
| 887002 | Arabian Sea Coastal Irrigated Tropical Fruit, Fodder and Livestock Zone |
| 887003 | Central and Eastern Plateau Agro-Pastoral Zone |
| 887004 | Central and Eastern Wadi Palm, Wheat, Vegetable and Livestock Zone |
| 887005 | Central Highland Potato, Vegetable and Livestock Zone |
| 887006 | Eastern Plateau Sorghum, Millet and Livestock Zone |
| 887007 | Greater Yemen Coastal and Island Fishing Zone |
| 887008 | Northern and Eastern Desert Pastoral Zone |
| 887009 | Sa'adah Irrigated Wheat, Fruit, Vegetable, Qat, and Livestock Zone |
| 887010 | Western and Central Highland Qat, Grain, Fodder and Livestock Zone |
| 887011 | Western and Central Wadi Sorghum, Millet, Vegetable, Fruit and Livestock Zone |
| 887012 | Western Central Highland Coffee, Qat, Sorghum and Livestock Zone |
| 887013 | Western Central Highland Wheat, Sorghum, Qat, and Livestock Zone |
| 887014 | Western Coastal Plain Sorghum, Millet, and Livestock Zone |
| 887015 | Urban |
| 894001 | Zambezi Plain Rice, Livestock, and Fishing |
| 894002 | Southwestern Cereal, Livestock, and Timber |
| 894003 | Western and Northwestern Cassava, Maize, and Cattle |
| 894004 | Kaoma Smallholder Food Crop and Tobacco |
| 894005 | Northwestern Timber and Honey |
| 894006 | Solwezi and Kasempa Mining Labor and Agriculture |
| 894007 | Kafue Plain Maize, Cattle, and Fishing |
| 894008 | Commercial Rail Line Maize, Livestock, and Cotton |
| 894009 | Southern Plateau Cattle, Maize, and Tobacco |
| 894010 | Zambezi Valley Agro-fisheries |
| 894011 | Mkushi, Chisamba, and Mpongwe Commercial Farming Block |
| 894012 | Central Copperbelt Maize, Cassava, and Sweet Potato |
| 894013 | Copperbelt Labor and Trade |
| 894014 | Mkushi and Serenje Maize, Sweet Potato, and Horticulture |
| 894015 | Luangwa Valley Informal Mining, Fishing, and Hunting |
| 894016 | Eastern Plateau Maize, Cotton, and Groundnut |
| 894017 | Eastern Plateau Maize, Groundnut, Tobacco, and Trade |
| 894018 | Luangwa Valley Subsistence Farming, Hunting, and Tourism |
| 894019 | Northern Border Maize, Beans, Livestock, and Trade |
| 894020 | Muchinga, Northern, and Luapula Cassava, Groundnut, and Mill |
| 894021 | Mweru, Bangweulu, and Tanganyika Fisheries |
Warning: these figures indicate the number of cases found in the data file. They cannot be interpreted as summary statistics of the population of interest.
Description
Definition
LIVELIHOOD reports the predominant livelihood zone within a 5-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. Livelihood zones can be used as an indicator for sources of food and/or income and as a measure of people's vulnerability to hazards, such as flood, drought, food crisis, market disruption, or conflicts.
Information on livelihood zones are available for selected countries of Africa, Afghanistan, El Salvador, Haiti, Honduras, and Nicaragua. Livelihood zones are country-specific; therefore, codes and labels for LIVELIHOOD vary across countries.
The original LIVELIHOOD zone codes from the Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET [URL omitted from DDI.]) begin with the 2-character alphabetic ISO code followed by the livelihood zone code. In place of the 2-character alphabetic ISO code used in the source data, IPUMS-DHS substitutes the 3-digit ISO country code (e.g., 231 for Ethiopia), followed by the 3-digit numeric livelihood zone code (e.g., 177 for West Central Teff).
LIVELIHOOD, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables.
Information on livelihood zones are available for selected countries of Africa, Afghanistan, El Salvador, Haiti, Honduras, and Nicaragua. Livelihood zones are country-specific; therefore, codes and labels for LIVELIHOOD vary across countries.
The original LIVELIHOOD zone codes from the Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET [URL omitted from DDI.]) begin with the 2-character alphabetic ISO code followed by the livelihood zone code. In place of the 2-character alphabetic ISO code used in the source data, IPUMS-DHS substitutes the 3-digit ISO country code (e.g., 231 for Ethiopia), followed by the 3-digit numeric livelihood zone code (e.g., 177 for West Central Teff).
LIVELIHOOD, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables.
concept
Concept
| var_concept.title | Vocabulary |
|---|---|
| Social Variables -- TOPICS | IPUMS |