Demographic and Health Survey 2008 - IPUMS Subset
Ghana, 2008
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Sep 19, 2018
Last modified
Sep 19, 2018
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Weight for height standard deviations (new WHO) (members under age 5) (H_HWCWHZWHO)
Data file: GHA2008-H.dat
Overview
Type:
Discrete
Decimal:
0
Start:
618
End:
621
Width:
4
Range:
-
Format:
Numeric
Questions and instructions
Literal question
505. WEIGHT IN KILOGRAMS
CHILD WEIGHT
KG ____.__
CHILD WEIGHT
KG ____.__
Categories
| Value | Category |
|---|---|
| 9996 | Age in days out of plausible limits |
| 9997 | Flagged cases |
| 9998 | Missing |
| 9999 | NIU (not in universe) |
| 9995 | Height out of plausible limits |
Warning: these figures indicate the number of cases found in the data file. They cannot be interpreted as summary statistics of the population of interest.
Description
Definition
For household members under the age of 5, HWCWHZWHO (HC72) reports the difference between their weight and the median weight of a reference population of the same height and sex, expressed in units equal to one standard deviation of the reference population's distribution. An anthropometry measure expressed in reference standard deviation units is also known as a Z-score. HWCWHZWHO values are reported in units equal to 100 times the Z-score, to preserve two decimal places without requiring the use of a decimal point. Dividing HWCWHZWHO by 100 will yield a weight-for-height Z-score (WHZ) value.
Low child weight-for-height, or "wasting," is an indicator of acute malnutrition. The WHO Global Database on Child Growth and Malnutrition [URL omitted from DDI.] considers a weight-for-height Z-score (WHZ) between -2 and -3 to represent moderate acute malnutrition, and WHZ below -3 to represent severe acute malnutrition.
Reference populations used to generate HWCWHZWHO draw from the WHO Multicenter Growth Reference Study (MGRS) [URL omitted from DDI.] released in 2006, which defined new standard anthropometry curves using a globally diverse reference population intended to reflect healthy growth conditions. For DHS samples that preceded WHO MGRS release, DHS retroactively calculated weight-for-height Z scores using WHO MGRS reference data.
Prior to the WHO MGRS, DHS anthropometry reference populations drew from 1978 U.S. CDC National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) international growth reference [URL omitted from DDI.] data, which was the previous international standard reference. The DHS variable HWCWHZNCHS (HC11) reports the young household member's weight-for-height Z-score value using the NCHS/CDC 1978 reference population. DHS has continued to release versions of all anthropometric variables using NCHS/CDC 1978 reference populations, to preserve comparability with samples preceding the 2006 WHO MGRS release.
HWCWEIGHT (HC2) reports the young household member's weight in kilograms as measured by DHS personnel. HWCHEIGHT (HC3) reports their length or height in centimeters as measured by DHS personnel. See HWCHEIGHT and HWCHTHOWMEAS (HC15) for specifics on length/height measurement.
Low child weight-for-height, or "wasting," is an indicator of acute malnutrition. The WHO Global Database on Child Growth and Malnutrition [URL omitted from DDI.] considers a weight-for-height Z-score (WHZ) between -2 and -3 to represent moderate acute malnutrition, and WHZ below -3 to represent severe acute malnutrition.
Reference populations used to generate HWCWHZWHO draw from the WHO Multicenter Growth Reference Study (MGRS) [URL omitted from DDI.] released in 2006, which defined new standard anthropometry curves using a globally diverse reference population intended to reflect healthy growth conditions. For DHS samples that preceded WHO MGRS release, DHS retroactively calculated weight-for-height Z scores using WHO MGRS reference data.
Prior to the WHO MGRS, DHS anthropometry reference populations drew from 1978 U.S. CDC National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) international growth reference [URL omitted from DDI.] data, which was the previous international standard reference. The DHS variable HWCWHZNCHS (HC11) reports the young household member's weight-for-height Z-score value using the NCHS/CDC 1978 reference population. DHS has continued to release versions of all anthropometric variables using NCHS/CDC 1978 reference populations, to preserve comparability with samples preceding the 2006 WHO MGRS release.
HWCWEIGHT (HC2) reports the young household member's weight in kilograms as measured by DHS personnel. HWCHEIGHT (HC3) reports their length or height in centimeters as measured by DHS personnel. See HWCHEIGHT and HWCHTHOWMEAS (HC15) for specifics on length/height measurement.
concept
Concept
| var_concept.title | Vocabulary |
|---|---|
| Child anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS | IPUMS |