The paper, after a short overview of the institutional framework of the National
Statistical System and of the political and economic features of Mozambique,
analyses the recent censuses of agriculture and of the enterprises which can
represent an interesting case for Developing Countries with similar socio-economic
characteristics. These censuses, allowing the territorial localisation of the collected
data, can open important spaces for the evaluation of needs concerning social
services and the allocation of related resources, planning of infrastructures, and
solutions to productive localisation problems. Moreover, the collected data will
constitute the benchmarks for sample surveys needed for gathering the country’s
socio-economic transformations. Finally, the last paragraph is dedicated to the
informal sector which has a high incidence on the value added of the country’s
production.