Immediately after Independence, India began its experiment with representative democracy based on territorial groupings of population. However, after more than 30 years and for the first lime in the 21 st century, India is making another delimitation exercise.However, this has thrown up several issues, which need consideration, both in terms of theory and application of procedure.The freeze imposed on the number of constituencies allocated to each of the States in the Lok Sabha, regardless of the variation in the size of the electorate in the constituencies, will distort one major principle of representative democracy, namely one person, one vole and one value. However, there seems to be no other option left now, given the differential growth rales in population in different States. Similarly, there would be several problems in the actual operationalisation of the procedures to fix the number of voters and boundaries of the constituencies and identifying reserved ones among them. The author says that the role of politicians in the delimitation process should be kept to the minimum, while greater role should be assigned to the public, by way of providing them suitable participation in the exercise.