In recent times clients have increasingly demanded for “better value for money” from their projects in term of cost, quality and time. An attempt by the construction industry to provide better deal to its clients has been through innovative or “fast-tracking” project procurement systems. However, unique project procurement systems present unique methods, processes and procedures of construction of projects for the client. These different systems also prescribe the variation of the organizational structure of the project team in term of role, responsibility and authority. So how do the different procurement systems affect the performance of the project team considering that the method, process, procedure and organization vary according to the systems? The aim of this research was to determine the influence of procurement systems on the performance of project teams in Ashanti Region of Ghana. In order to achieve the aim, two objectives were set which include: determination of critical roles performed by project team under Traditional and Design & Build procurement systems and determination of impact of the two procurement systems on the performance of the identified roles. This research took the form of literature review and survey using questionnaire approach. Responses to the questionnaire sent to project team members (Architects, Quantity Surveyors, Engineers and Land Surveyors) were collected, collated and analyzed. From the literature review and the analysis of the survey results, five findings were made as follows. Firstly, the critical roles of building project team do not vary under Traditional and Design & Build procurement systems. Secondly, the levels of importance attached to the identified key roles vary with the two systems. Thirdly, leadership role with regards to project team members changes under the two procurement systems. Fourthly, the two procurement systems have different levels of effectiveness of performance roles of project team. And lastly, procurement systems influence performance level of construction project team members. Based on these results, it was recommended that key roles and responsibilities of the construction team members (i.e. Architects, Quantity Surveyors Engineers and Surveyors) should be clearly defined under each building procurement systems. Also, in any building project, before selecting a particular procurement system, the performance indicators (in terms of cost, quality and time) should be set.