Contraception is critical for women in postpartum period to prevent unintended pregnancy and reduce the lifetime risk of maternal mortality by safe birth intervals. The purpose of this study was to investigate the pattern and the determinants of contraceptive use of women in the 12 months after delivery, during the period when contraceptive behavior is different from other periods regarding breastfeeding, postpartum amenorrhea and postpartum abstinence. The analysis based on the result of women questionnaire and the calendar data from IDHS 2007. The initiation of postpartum contraceptive use analyzed from calendar data by selecting the first use of contraceptive during 12 month after a birth in 5 years preceding the survey. The study employed multiple logistic regressions to investigate a dichotomous variable indicating use of any contraceptive method and multiple linear regressions to examine an interval variable representing, for those who use, the time from birth in months until contraception is started. Overall, 75.4% of women used contraception after childbirth. However, there were 8.7 percent mothers who did not use contraception and became pregnant. Age, education, wealth index, postpartum amenorrhea and postpartum abstinence not only found as statistically significant with the use of contraceptive, but also associated with the time in month from birth to contraception