Damage related to the 1990s war in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) to the agricultural sector totalled approximately US$ 4.54 billion. About 70% of the business infrastructure and 60% of livestock were destroyed. The paper aims at providing an overview of foreign aid and assistance to BiH in the post-war period with a special focus on agriculture, forestry and rural development. The work is based on an extended review of secondary data especially from the Donor Coordination Forum in BiH. The paper (i) lists the main policies and institutions dealing with agricultural and rural development; (ii) analyses international aid history especially principal sectors and areas to which were dedicated approximately US$12 billion after 1995; (iii) investigates current situation of international assistance focusing on donor agencies, aid sectors (e.g. governance; economic development; agriculture and forestry; environmental protection) and financial allocations by sector and by donor in 2009-10 period; (iv) focuses on agriculture and forestry sector especially main donors (e.g. USAID, European Commission, World Bank, JICA, FAO, SIDA, DFID, JICA, EBRD, UNDP), government implementing organisations, financial allocations, projects and donor coordination; (v) devotes a special attention to international aid perspective evolution in the transition from the “era of Dayton” to the “era of Brussels”; and (vi) analyses aid effectiveness and impacts using many socioeconomic indicators. Despite the huge efforts made by dozens of international organisations Bosnian rural areas still lag behind in terms of socio-economic development, which puts in question rural and agricultural development policies and strategies appropriateness but also international support effectiveness.