Mongolia is a landlocked country in northern Asia,
situated between Russia and China. It is the least
densely populated country in the world with an
overall population density of 1.7 people per square kilometre.
The population density is highest, at 228 people per square
kilometre, in the Ulaanbaatar municipality. In certain aimags,
the density can be as low as 0.3.1
This makes it challenging
to deliver health services to rural and remote areas and
particularly to the nomadic population. 2
Urban migration
has imposed socioeconomic and health challenges for the
government because of the largely unregistered migrant
(floating) population