Background: The aim was describing the spatial distribution of TB/HIV co-infection using GIS and
Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis (ESDA) and to identify district of Hormozgan province (south of Iran)
with significant disease clustering. Materials and Methods: Data were collected from health centers in
Hormozgan province. Moran global and local indicators of spatial associations (LISA) were used to test
the evidence of global and local spatial clustering via ArcGIS 9.3 software. Results: The spatial
distribution of TB/HIV cases was non-random and clustered, with a Moran's I = 0.12 (p = .03). Spatial
clustering suggested that six districts could be grouped as "hot spots". These districts also have high
population density. Conclusion: The findings showed existence of significant clustering of TB/HIV
incidence in Hormozgan. The present study identified important geographical areas to control coinfection
of TB/HIV and revealed that the GIS technology can be used to organize health services.