Food Security among Households in Northern Nigeria: Descriptive Analysis

Type Thesis or Dissertation - Master of Public Health
Title Food Security among Households in Northern Nigeria: Descriptive Analysis
Author(s)
Publication (Day/Month/Year) 2013
URL https://etd.library.emory.edu/view/record/pid/emory:dwnz1
Abstract
In Nigeria, the most populous country in Africa with a population of 140 million, about 50 million people suffer from extreme hunger. Food insecurity and malnutrition have profound implications for health and development, and present major obstacles to attaining the Millennium Development Goals. Reducing poverty and hunger remain a key challenge in the country. Northern Nigeria, where the prevalence and demographics of food security have not been adequately quantified, may be better categorized as facing problems (drought, climate change, food unavailability, etc.) similar to those in Niger, rather than in Southern Nigeria. The research objective is to determine the status of household food security in Northern Nigeria, using the Living Standards Measurement Study - Integrated Survey on Agriculture (LSMS-ISA), to expand on current knowledge and literature. Furthermore, this analysis hopes to aid in informing further research, policy, and programming in the region. Household hunger analysis of this data categorized 99.5% of households as having little to no hunger within the past 7 days, with 0.2% of households having moderate hunger and 0.2% having severe hunger. With 13.6% of households were unable to meet their food provisioning needs for at least one month of the year, there is a clear issue of seasonal hunger in Northern Nigeria. Using expenditure data, the dietary diversity available to household in Northern Nigeria ranged from 1 to 12 food groups, with a mean of 6.93 foods (SD=2.03). Households in the study population were especially lacking fruits and dairy from their diets, likely to resulting in health and nutritional issues. The limitations of measuring food security in the LSMS-ISA dataset are discussed.

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