Amongst the challenges faced by smallholder farmers in production is inaccessibility to credit. This study sought to
identify household socio-economic and institutional constraints influencing access to credit among smallholder
farmers in Nyandarua District. The study used a Logit model. Both quantitative and qualitative data were acquired
from primary and secondary sources. Primary data was collected using questionnaires through a survey design. A
sample of 164 smallholder farmers was selected using stratified, multi-stage random sampling techniques. Data was
analyzed using descriptive statistics and maximum likelihood method using Statistical Package for Social Sciences
(SPSS). The study established that socio-economic constraints such as age, gender, household size, farm income,
collateral and awareness are critical determinants of access to credit. The study also established that institutional
requirements such as costs involved in operating / maintaining bank accounts, loan requirements and transaction costs
involved in the credit process influenced access to credit. The study concludes that household socio-economic
characteristics and institutional requirements influence access to credit. Key recommendations made include the need
by government to deal with bureaucracies involved in land registration to benefit majority of smallholder farmers who
remain insecure in the land they use without proof of ownership and also to make easier the registration of lease
certificates for those who do not own land and use land on leasehold tenure system. Financial institutions should also
put in place less stringent credit requirements and reduce credit costs especially interest rates to make credit more
affordable.