This PhD takes a social constructionist approach (see Burr, 2003) to explore how professional
women in Sri Lanka make sense of and enact their careers. By explaining career through the
recursive relationship between social context and individual agency, this study adds new
insights into existing understandings of women‟s careers which are dominated by
psychological models of women‟s development over their lifespans (see Maneiro and
Sullivan, 2005; O‟Neil and Bilimoria, 2005; Pringle and Dixon, 2003). Most importantly this
study which addresses women‟s experiences in Sri Lanka fulfils a significant gap in the
extant literature which has paid only little attention to careers in South Asian nations.
This study is based on qualitative interviews (see King, 2004) conducted with 24 professional
Sri Lankan women: eight in early career, eight in mid-career and eight in late career (see
O‟Neil and Bilimoria, 2005). All respondents aspired to reach the highest possible level in
their organisations‟ hierarchies and therefore continuously engaged with work organisations,
home and family and wider contextual structures in Sri Lanka in pursuit of achieving their
career goals, contributing towards maintaining and/or transforming these social structures in
the process. Based on these findings I developed a theoretical framework to understand
women‟s careers in a dynamic and contextually significant manner. This framework
highlights eight different strategies women use to develop their careers which has four
possible social outcomes. In illuminating specifically what women do to advance their
careers within their social contexts and with what implications this framework makes a
significant contribution to the careers literature which gives only little attention to
individuals‟ career strategies. Moreover by appreciating both social context and individual
agency as explanations of women‟s careers this model refrains from taking an overly
deterministic (see McRae, 2003; Crompton, 2011) or voluntaristic (see Maneiro and Sullivan,
2005; O‟Neil and Bilimoria, 2005) stance to conceptualising women‟s career development.
Second, I outline a South Asian model of women‟s career development highlighting family,
moral notions, religious philosophies and wider belief systems such as astrology and
horoscopes as central constituents of women‟s careers. I highlight how these understandings
could be used to identify blind spots in existing literature and further develop prevailing ideas
of women‟s careers in the West. Specifically I argue that traditional notions do not altogether
disappear as societies develop (see Gerth and Mills, 1991), but rather individuals use these
notions to walk towards modernity. Finally I conclude the thesis by outlining how scholars
could develop my work further, calling upon authors to bring moral character, traditional
notions and enchantment back to the careers field.