This paper estimates the impact of parental alcohol consumption on child health by taking advantage of a unique shock to alcohol supply: the 1985 to 1988 alcohol prohibition campaign in Russia. This campaign was temporally short lived, and resulted in large amounts of exogenous geographic variation in its intensity and effectiveness. I construct a new data set that combines the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey with regional alcohol data. Using both a differences-in-differences approach, as well as instrumental variables methods, I find significant improvements in child height, immunization rates, and chronic conditions among boys born during prohibition who also lived in regions with effective anti-alcohol campaigns. This confirms the effect of investments during a child’s fetal period and first two years of life on longterm health measures, and demonstrates a potential positive effect of suppressing parental access to alcohol. Furthermore, evidence from vaccination rates suggests that the positive effect of prohibition on child health occurred through improvements in parental time, rather than income resources.