This article considers Rwanda's progress towards education for all in line with the MDGs. Gender equality in primary school has been achieved already. Net primary school attendance was only 88 per cent in 2012, however, so the 100 per cent target is not likely to be met by 2015. Two other targets that will clearly not be met are 100 per cent primary school completion and 100 per cent literacy. Education is fundamental to Rwanda's long-term strategy and to the governing elite's political/economic model; progress is good but success is not yet assured.