The study compares the spatial distribution of aid projects in the water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) sector in Malawi with household and individual level outcomes using propensity score matching and generalized propensity score methods. Results indicate that households located near WASH aid projects were significantly more likely to report using improved sources of drinking water and sanitation and experienced lower rates of water-related illness, although these positive impacts appear to be constrained by water availability, remoteness, and the income level of beneficiaries.