Background: The neonatal period (0-28 days after delivery) in human life is critical and
carries a high risk of mortality. According to the Nepal Demographic Health Survey (NDHS)
2011, Nepal has a Neonatal Mortality Rate (NMR) of 33/1000 live births which is one of the
highest in the world. The neonatal mortality accounts for 61% of the under-five mortality.
There has been very limited progress in reducing neonatal mortality in Nepal during the last
decade. Purpose of the study: The purpose of the current study is to determine factors
associated with neonatal mortality in Nepal. Methodology: Data from NDHS 2011 was used
and the study included 4033 women who gave birth from 2006 to 2010. A study was
performed to find associations between neonatal mortality and certain predictor variables.
Associations were assessed by multivariate analysis, univariate and multivariate (backward
LR) logistic regression.