Objective  To generate information on essential components and the cost recovery potential of VISION 2020 programmes in rural Africa.

Methods  We took a structured approach to planning, training, implementation and supervision of programmes in Singida and Mara regions, Tanzania involving both government and non-government partners. Extensive mentoring was provided to monitor activities and costs.

Results  Annual numbers of patients receiving eye care increased sevenfold, cataract surgeries by a factor of 2.6 and spectacles dispensed by a factor of 16. Running costs were shared; the government provided 40–60%, non-government organisations (NGOs) 25–45%, and patient fees 15%.

Conclusion  Comprehensive eye care can be delivered with cooperation among partners. However, continued coordination and cooperation from government and NGOs are critical to reach VISION 2020 goals.