México and its armed forces are facing enormous challenges in the 21st century in the security domain. The complexity of the threats, such as organized crime, challenge Mexican stability thus provoking uncertainty and threatening the national security of Mexico. Current Mexican national security policy does not provide clear strategic guidance for all government agencies and the armed forces as they face current threats and challenges. In addition, military activities and operations have reflected limited participation in joint and interagency operations. Therefore, it is essential for the Mexican government to develop a new Mexican national security policy (and a supporting national defense policy). The policy must be oriented to the contemporary world and face current challenges and threats in a comprehensive way, providing strategic guidance to all government agencies, and especially to the military forces that are responsible for defending the nation and protecting national sovereignty, territory and the domestic population. This will ensure the military can become an efficient and successful organization aligned with the strategic environment.