A cross-sectional survey was carried out on the level of occurrence of Influenza / common cold and its related symptoms among the residents of Selebi Phikwe, Botswana where nickel-copper (Ni-Cu) mining and smelting activities are operational. The aim of the study was to examine the correlation between the level of occurrence of symptoms which often characterize common cold among the study group and their exposure to dust, fume and gases resulting from the mining and smelting activities in the surrounding area. A set questionnaire was used as the tool for data collection. The results showed that a range of 29% of both males and females in site two and 93% of females in site four reported having the symptoms which characterize common cold. Further more, in all the sites, a higher percentage level of occurrence of the symptoms were recorded than that of the control site. Based on the findings, the study concluded that the high level of occurrence of common cold related symptoms among the residents of Selebi-Phikwe was possibly due to their exposure to dust, fume and gases resulting from the mining and smelting activities in the surrounding area. As part of the preventive measures, it was recommended that the residents of the study area should avoid living a sedentary life and participate regularly in physical exercises. However, they should avoid strenuous uncontrolled exercises.