Doms or Dalits living in Tarai region of Nepal are categorized as untouchable according
to the Hindu caste system. In other words, they are also defined economically exploited,
politically voiceless, socially humiliated, and educationally backward and treated as
untouchable castes in the Nepalese Constitution, 2063BS. In the present paper both
primary and secondary sources of data have been used. Four VDCs such as Akala,
Basantpur, Kamahariya, and Sadi of Rupandehi district have been selected purposively
based on the relative representation of the dalits. Altogether 30 Dom households were
selected randomly. The paper focuses mainly on analyzing socio-economic condition of
the Dom communities and major problems faced by them for livelihoods and at the end,
suggestions are provided to raise their living standard.