The main goal of this study was to identify educational challenges facing Most
Vulnerable Children in Zanzibar, The study was guided by four research objectives; To
explore, analyze and understand challenges affecting Most Vulnerable Children which
influence low educational performance, to identify factors that influence poor
performance among Most Vulnerable Children in Primary schools, to gain a deeper and
comprehensive understanding of factors that obstructs MVC to access quality Education
and to discover the relationship exist between Child living in difficult circumstances
and low academic achievement. Different sources of literature review such as books,
journals and theories and empirical literature studies were used. The study was
conducted in West District of Zanzibar City covering 5 schools. The study utilized
purposeful sampling to select 80 participants. Data were collected using in-depth
interviews, questionnaire, group discussion and document analysis. Owing to the
participants’ vulnerability and the sensitive nature of this study, confidentiality was
maintained at all levels. In relation to the objectives of this study, the research findings
indicated that, Most Vulnerable Children face many challenges in their learning such as,
stigma and discrimination, chronic illness, they can’t afford school fees, trauma, hunger
and their teachers have inadequate knowledge and skills to teach them. The study
however demonstrated that support was critical in enhancing learning and social
integration of Most Vulnerable Children. Also the study findings indicated that
collaborative efforts are necessary to improve the learning situation of Most Vulnerable
Children, therefore community, government and schools should direct their efforts and
practices towards improving the Most Vulnerable Children right to education.