Integrated Household Living Conditions Survey 2013 -2014
Rwanda, 2013 - 2014
Created on
Mar 13, 2015
Last modified
Mar 29, 2019
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Identification
Survey ID Number
RWA_2013_EICV-IV_v01_M
Title
Integrated Household Living Conditions Survey 2013 -2014
Country
| Name | Country code |
|---|---|
| Rwanda | RWA |
Study type
Income/Expenditure/Household Survey [hh/ies]
Series Information
The 2013-2014 Integrated Household Living Conditions Survey (EICV) is a follow up of the poverty statistics for 2000-2001, 2005-2006, 2010-2011 and 2013-14. For each of these years it has computed a measure of total poverty and a separate measure of extreme poverty. EICV2 was carried out in 2005-06 and EICV3 was conducted in 2010-11. Poverty was estimated using the poverty line derived from EICV1 after deflating the consumption expenditure in both surveys so as to reflect prices that prevailed in 2001.The EICV4 carried out in 2013-14 has been deemed necessary to update the poverty line. It has been a long time since 2000-01 and several changes have occurred in the socio-economic structure of the country including the consumption pattern of the population.
Monetary poverty was estimated and analyzed as the main objective in all successive EICV surveys (EICV2, EICV3 and the present EICV4). However the surveys also provided a rich set of complementary social-economic indicators that facilitated understanding of changes in households living conditions. This poverty survey was principally built up on the basis of the EICV4 results and complemented by information from other sources.
Monetary poverty was estimated and analyzed as the main objective in all successive EICV surveys (EICV2, EICV3 and the present EICV4). However the surveys also provided a rich set of complementary social-economic indicators that facilitated understanding of changes in households living conditions. This poverty survey was principally built up on the basis of the EICV4 results and complemented by information from other sources.
Abstract
Rwanda has experienced fast socio, demographic and economic transformation since the year 2000. It recorded on average 8 percent GDP annual growth since then, mainly driven by agriculture and services. In addition socio-demographic indicators have witnessed substantial improvement from 2000 onward.
Following the crisis period; the 1994 genocide against the Tutsi era, the country developed a long term vision “Vision 2020” with five year development programs: PRSP, EDPRS1 and EDPRS2, the main objective of each of the programs was poverty reduction.
The need to adequately plan interventions and monitor progress in poverty reduction, estimation of absolute monetary poverty in Rwanda started in a regular manner since 2001 when the first Household Living Condition Survey (Enquête Intégrale sur les Conditions de Vie des Ménages- EICV1) was carried out.
EICV 2013-14 provided an update on the level of poverty based on 2013-14 Integrated Household Living Conditions Survey (EICV4) focusing on poverty as measured in consumption terms. The survey also highlighted other trend dimensions of living conditions captured in other surveys that complemented and provided a holistic understanding of poverty and living conditions.
The results of the 2013-14 EICV indicated substantial progress in poverty reduction and improvement in other socio-economic and demographic indicators in the last three years. The survey shows that poverty went down from 44.9 percent in 2011 to 39.1 percent in 2014 and extreme poverty from 24.1 percent to 16.3 percent. This follows similar reduction between 2006 and 2011 where poverty dropped from 56.7 percent to 44.9 percent and extreme poverty decreased from 35.8 percent to 24.1 percent. Inequality reduced with both the Gini coefficient dropping from 0.49 in 2011 to 0.45 in 2014. The ratio of the wealthiest 10 percent to the poorest 10 percent dropped from 6.36 to 6.01 during the same period.
Generally the progress was impressive, however challenges have remained. Many Rwandans are still poor and for many others living conditions still needed to be improved especially in areas of education and employment. The frequency of Integrated Household Living Conditions Survey is every three years, the survey was conducted by the National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda (NISR) in collaboration with different stakeholders in the country over a period of 12 months between October 2013 and October 2014.
Following the crisis period; the 1994 genocide against the Tutsi era, the country developed a long term vision “Vision 2020” with five year development programs: PRSP, EDPRS1 and EDPRS2, the main objective of each of the programs was poverty reduction.
The need to adequately plan interventions and monitor progress in poverty reduction, estimation of absolute monetary poverty in Rwanda started in a regular manner since 2001 when the first Household Living Condition Survey (Enquête Intégrale sur les Conditions de Vie des Ménages- EICV1) was carried out.
EICV 2013-14 provided an update on the level of poverty based on 2013-14 Integrated Household Living Conditions Survey (EICV4) focusing on poverty as measured in consumption terms. The survey also highlighted other trend dimensions of living conditions captured in other surveys that complemented and provided a holistic understanding of poverty and living conditions.
The results of the 2013-14 EICV indicated substantial progress in poverty reduction and improvement in other socio-economic and demographic indicators in the last three years. The survey shows that poverty went down from 44.9 percent in 2011 to 39.1 percent in 2014 and extreme poverty from 24.1 percent to 16.3 percent. This follows similar reduction between 2006 and 2011 where poverty dropped from 56.7 percent to 44.9 percent and extreme poverty decreased from 35.8 percent to 24.1 percent. Inequality reduced with both the Gini coefficient dropping from 0.49 in 2011 to 0.45 in 2014. The ratio of the wealthiest 10 percent to the poorest 10 percent dropped from 6.36 to 6.01 during the same period.
Generally the progress was impressive, however challenges have remained. Many Rwandans are still poor and for many others living conditions still needed to be improved especially in areas of education and employment. The frequency of Integrated Household Living Conditions Survey is every three years, the survey was conducted by the National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda (NISR) in collaboration with different stakeholders in the country over a period of 12 months between October 2013 and October 2014.
Kind of Data
Sample survey data [ssd]
Unit of Analysis
- Households
- Individuals
- Communities
- Individuals
- Communities
Version
Version Date
2013-10-01
Scope
Notes
The scope of the Integrated Household Living Conditions Survey 2013 -2014 includes:
- Household demographic characteristics
- Employment
- Agriculture
- Non-agricultural activities
- Migration
- Education
- Health facilities
- Housing and infrastructure
- Household expenditures
- Credit, durables and savings
- Transfers and income sources
- Household demographic characteristics
- Employment
- Agriculture
- Non-agricultural activities
- Migration
- Education
- Health facilities
- Housing and infrastructure
- Household expenditures
- Credit, durables and savings
- Transfers and income sources
Coverage
Geographic Coverage
National
Producers and sponsors
Primary investigators
| Name | Affiliation |
|---|---|
| National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda | Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning |
Producers
| Name | Role |
|---|---|
| The World Food Programme | Technical consultation on food security |
| The United Nations Children's Emergency Fund | Technical nutrition advice |
| The World Health Organization | Technical nutrition advice |
| Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning | Poverty reduction program |
| European Union |
Funding Agency/Sponsor
| Name | Abbreviation |
|---|---|
| African Development Bank | AfDB |
| The World Bank | WBG |
| UK Aid |
Other Identifications/Acknowledgments
| Name | Role |
|---|---|
| Professor Heba El Laithy | Technical assistance |
| Dr. Mohammed F. Abulata | Technical assistance |
| Professor Jonathan Haughton | Report review |
| Professor Dominique Haughton | Report review |
Sampling
Sampling Procedure
Rwanda used a basic needs approach to measure poverty. In this survey households were classified as poor or non-poor based on consumption per adult equivalent compared with a total poverty line of 159,375 RWF or an extreme poverty line of 105,064 RWF in January 2014 prices. The essential idea was to determine how much it would cost to buy enough food to provide an adequate amount of calories, and then to add a provision for non-food essentials such as shelter and clothing for an adult.
A sub-sample of 1,920 households interviewed in EICV3 (2010-11) was selected to be revisited in EICV4 (2013-14) to allow for a more complete analysis of movements into and out of poverty overtime. The sample was designed to provide representative results at the national and urban/rural levels. The sampling frame for the panel was the list of 1,431 villages visited in EICV3. Households that relocated or split were tracked in order to obtain current information for the corresponding household members. A total of 2,423 households that were visited in 2010-11 were revisited in 2013-14 of which 1,898 were original households and 525 were households that split off from the original households. The same survey questionnaire was administered to both non-panel and panel households, so they were considered to be an integral part of both the EICV3 and EICV4 samples.
The EICV3 and EICV4 samples were each drawn from the 2002 and 2012 census frames respectively, and the sampling was stratified by district. Suitable weights were calculated within the panel samples, and as needed were used for adjustment to reflect the national population. The sample selection procedures were done efficiently taking into consideration the replacement of panel households. Since the EICV3 and EICV4 samples were drawn from different frames, the effect of using different sampling frames and strategies is unclear both for the panel and cross section analysis.
One response was to investigate whether the panel is representative of the larger cross-section of households. This was done by testing the hypothesis of equality of sub-sample (i.e. panel) means to the means for the rest of the full sample, for key indicators. The three indicators selected were adult equivalents, household size, and consumption per adult equivalent. Households were divided into two mutually exclusive subsamples: selected panel households, and non-selected households.
A sub-sample of 1,920 households interviewed in EICV3 (2010-11) was selected to be revisited in EICV4 (2013-14) to allow for a more complete analysis of movements into and out of poverty overtime. The sample was designed to provide representative results at the national and urban/rural levels. The sampling frame for the panel was the list of 1,431 villages visited in EICV3. Households that relocated or split were tracked in order to obtain current information for the corresponding household members. A total of 2,423 households that were visited in 2010-11 were revisited in 2013-14 of which 1,898 were original households and 525 were households that split off from the original households. The same survey questionnaire was administered to both non-panel and panel households, so they were considered to be an integral part of both the EICV3 and EICV4 samples.
The EICV3 and EICV4 samples were each drawn from the 2002 and 2012 census frames respectively, and the sampling was stratified by district. Suitable weights were calculated within the panel samples, and as needed were used for adjustment to reflect the national population. The sample selection procedures were done efficiently taking into consideration the replacement of panel households. Since the EICV3 and EICV4 samples were drawn from different frames, the effect of using different sampling frames and strategies is unclear both for the panel and cross section analysis.
One response was to investigate whether the panel is representative of the larger cross-section of households. This was done by testing the hypothesis of equality of sub-sample (i.e. panel) means to the means for the rest of the full sample, for key indicators. The three indicators selected were adult equivalents, household size, and consumption per adult equivalent. Households were divided into two mutually exclusive subsamples: selected panel households, and non-selected households.
Data Collection
Dates of Data Collection
| Start | End |
|---|---|
| 2013-10-01 | 2014-10-01 |
Data Collection Mode
Face-to-face [f2f]
Data Collectors
| Name | Abbreviation | Affiliation |
|---|---|---|
| The National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda | NISR | Government of Rwanda |
Questionnaires
Questionnaires
The survey was comprised of the following questionnaires:
1. Agriculture questionnaire
2. Non-agricultural activities questionnaire
3. Credit, durables and savings questionnaire
4. Education questionnaire
5. Employment questionnaire
6. Household roster questionnaire
7. Health questionnaire
8. Housing and infrastructure questionnaire
9. Migration questionnaire
10. Transfers and income sources questionnaire
11. Household expenditures questionnaire
1. Agriculture questionnaire
2. Non-agricultural activities questionnaire
3. Credit, durables and savings questionnaire
4. Education questionnaire
5. Employment questionnaire
6. Household roster questionnaire
7. Health questionnaire
8. Housing and infrastructure questionnaire
9. Migration questionnaire
10. Transfers and income sources questionnaire
11. Household expenditures questionnaire
Access policy
Contacts
| Name | Affiliation | URL | |
|---|---|---|---|
| National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda (NISR) | Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning | info@statistics.gov.rw | Link |
Citation requirements
The use of this dataset must be acknowledged using a citation which would include:
- the identification of the Primary Investigator (including country name)
- the full title of the survey and its acronym (when available), and the year(s) of implementation
- the survey reference number
- the source and date of download (for datasets disseminated online)
Example:
The National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda. Rwanda Integrated Household Living Conditions Survey (EICV-IV) 2013, Ref. RWA_2013_EICV-IV_v01_M. Dataset downloaded from [url] on [date].
- the identification of the Primary Investigator (including country name)
- the full title of the survey and its acronym (when available), and the year(s) of implementation
- the survey reference number
- the source and date of download (for datasets disseminated online)
Example:
The National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda. Rwanda Integrated Household Living Conditions Survey (EICV-IV) 2013, Ref. RWA_2013_EICV-IV_v01_M. Dataset downloaded from [url] on [date].
Disclaimer and copyrights
Disclaimer
The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses.
Metadata production
DDI Document ID
DDI_RWA_2013_EICV-IV_v01_M_WB
Producers
| Name | Abbreviation | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|---|
| Development Data Group | DECDG | The World Bank | Metadata Preparation |
Date of Metadata Production
2014-12-10
DDI Document version
Version 02 (July 2016)
- Datasets provided
- Edited metadata and provided content for series information, abstract and sampling
- External resources added
Version 01 (December 2014)
- Datasets provided
- Edited metadata and provided content for series information, abstract and sampling
- External resources added
Version 01 (December 2014)