Household Income and Expenditure Survey 2016-2017
Bangladesh, 2016 - 2017
Identification
BGD_2016_HIES_v01_M
Household Income and Expenditure Survey 2016-2017
| Name | Country code |
|---|---|
| Bangladesh | BGD |
Income/Expenditure/Household Survey
The Household Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES) is a comprehensive nationally representative survey used to measure monetary poverty in Bangladesh. The HIES 2016/17 is the fourth round in the series of HIES conducted by the Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS) in 2000, 2005, and 2010. Before 2000, BBS monitored poverty using a smaller survey that only collected data on expenditure named Household Expenditure Survey (HES). The World Bank played an important role in supporting BBS in the development of the HIES 2016/17 questionnaire, sampling design, data collection protocols, and estimation of the poverty estimates.
Household Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES) is one of the core activities of the BBS; it contains a wide range of socio-economic information at the household level that has strong influence in the decision making process for the government.
The main objectives of HIES 2016/17 were to:
• Obtain detailed data on household income, expenditure and consumption.
• Determine poverty profile with urban and rural breakdown and district-level poverty.
• Provide information about standard of living and nutritional status of the population.
• Provide data to determine the weights of Consumer Price Indices (CPI).
• Provide household level consumption data for compiling national accounts estimates.
• Provide detailed information on health status and educational level of the population.
• Determine poverty estimates by administrative divisions, districts, and detailed socio-economic characteristics of the population and household.
• Provide benchmark data for formulation of appropriate policy for poverty reduction, improvement in standard of living and nutritional status of the population.
• Provide relevant data for monitoring of the Poverty Reduction Strategy (PRS), Five year plan and the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs).
• Provide data on type, volume and distribution of resources under different Social Safety Nets Programmes (SSNP).
• Provide data on disability, migration, remittances, microcredit and disasters management.
Sample survey data [ssd]
Household, individuals
Scope
The 2016/17 Bangladesh Household Income and Expenditure Survey covered the following topics:
- Household Information Roster
- Education
- Health
- Economic Activities and Wage Employment
- Non-agricultural Enterprises
- Housing
- Agricultural Enterprises
- Other Income and Assets
- Consumption
Coverage
National
Producers and sponsors
| Name | Affiliation |
|---|---|
| Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS) | Ministry of Planning, Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh |
| Name | Role |
|---|---|
| The World Bank Group | Provided technical support |
| World Food Programme | Provided technical support |
| Name | Role |
|---|---|
| Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh | Funded the survey |
| The World Bank Group | Financial support |
| World Food Programme | Financial support |
Sampling
A stratified, two-stage sample design was adopted for the HIES 2016/17 with 2304 Primary Sampling Units (PSU) selected from the list of the 2011 Housing and Population Census enumeration areas. Within each PSU, 20 households were selected for interviews. The final sample size was 46,080 households (Ahmed et.al, 2017).
In Bangladesh, divisions are the first-level administrative geographical partitions of the country. As of 2016, the country has eight divisions: Barisal, Chittagong, Dhaka, Khulna, Mymensingh, Rajshahi, Rangpur, and Sylhet. Each division is subsequently divided into 64 districts, or zilas.
Each district is further subdivided into smaller geographic areas, with clear rural and urban designations. In addition, urban areas in the main divisions of Chittagong, Dhaka, Khulna, and Rajshahi are classified into City Corporations (CCs), and other urban areas.
PSUs in the HIES 2016/17 were allocated at the district level. Therefore, the sample was stratified at the district level. Since there were a total of 64 districts in Bangladesh, the sample design included a total of 132 sub-strata: 64 urban, 64 rural, and four main CCs. The sample was also implicitly stratified by month.
Survey instrument
The survey data was collected using a questionnaire that consisted of nine sections.
Data collection
| Start | End |
|---|---|
| 2016-04-01 | 2017-03-31 |
| Name | Affiliation |
|---|---|
| Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics | Ministry of Planning, Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh |
Strong supervision and quality control measures were adopted in HIES 2016. To ensure smooth data collection and to keep the quality of the data, 64 supervising officers were appointed to supervise the data collection work of 128 teams. The Deputy Directors of District Statistical Offices and officers form the HQ were engaged as supervising officers. In addition, 2 supervising officers were kept as reserve for meeting any emergency and 4 enumerators were also kept as reserve for the same purpose. The supervising officers were required to examine all the questionnaires completed by the field staff and verify that each interview had been carried out in time and the questionnaires were completed correctly. They also ensured that the seasonal variations in income and expenditure pattern have been reflected in the collected data sets. In cases where further corrections were needed, the respective enumerators were instructed to do the same. The enumerators and the female facilitators used to inform the supervising officers of any problem they faced during the period and the supervising officers, in turn, helped the enumerators in solving their problems.
Before starting actual survey operation, detailed training was given to the enumerators and the supervisors. There were 128 enumeration teams for the survey. Each enumeration team comprised of 1 supervising officer, 2 interviewers and 2 female facilitators. This team of five members was assigned to 1 PSU to work for a continuous period of 20 days- 14 days for collection of data and 6 days for data entry tasks and probable revisits and for the movements between PSUs.
For collection of information on food consumption, the households were divided into two groups each consisting of 10 households. Each enumerator, with the help of the female facilitator, continuously collected information on food consumption of the households for 14 days without break. After completion of data collection and data entry tasks for 3 terms, all the enumerators and the supervising officers were again trained in the headquarter, specially on those matters where some deficiencies or discrepancies were initially observed. This last training greatly enhanced the quality of data collection and data entry in the subsequent period.
Data processing
The data collection, entry and data transferring process for the HIES 2016 was developed using Paper and Pencil (PAPI) combined with Computer Assisted Field Entry (CAFE). With this method, the interviewers regularly collected all the information during the interview using PAPI and entered the data in to Laptop Computers at the end of the day. If they found any inconsistencies in the data, they went back to the relevant households of the PSU and made required changes or corrections to remove the discrepancies while they were still in that locality. Once they had completed and checked the information, they also ensured that the data entered through data entry program were accurate and consistent. Thus the data were substantially cleaned and validated right at the field level.
The data entry program was developed in CSPro and contained with a cloud based data transferring system, which allowed enumerators to transfer data from the field almost in real time using mobile internet connection. After the data was transferred to BBS headquarter, this was compiled and exported to a readable version by standard statistical software using a built-in routine in the data entry program.
After the data entry was completed in the field, the filled-in questionnaires were also sent to the BBS headquarter office. The transferred data were then promptly examined and verified with the questionnaires if necessary to ensure that the errors and inconsistencies that were required to be removed by the enumerators were done properly. The data sets then re-examined by programmers and senior officials. It may be mentioned that the software for the data entry task was developed in such a manner as to detect most of the errors, omissions or inconsistencies right at the data entry level. However, some more editing specially inter record consistencies were required to be done by the senior officials at BBS headquarter.
Data appraisal
Information on Standard Errors (SE), Relative Standard Errors (Rel. SE), and Confidence Intervals of some selected estimates is presented in Appendix 4 of the survey Preliminary Report
Depositor information
| Name |
|---|
| Maria Eugenia Genoni |
Data Access
Only for World Bank use
Disclaimer and copyrights
The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses.