This study investigates the effect of educational attainment and educational enrolment
on the risks of second birth in Romania, using data from the Generations and Gender
Survey of 2005. Looking at the 1950-2005 period, we found a persistently negative effect
of education on second birth, i.e., women with a relatively high level of education have
lower risks of birth. Being in education significantly reduces the risk of second birth
compared to women with no educational qualification. The risk is not lower, however,
when we compare women who are still enrolled in education with individuals who have a
high level of education. The strong negative effect of age at first birth observed when we
do not control for personality weakens once we control for unobserved heterogeneity. We
also show the extent to which changes in the socio-political regime, in family policies,
and in the educational system affect the impact of education on second births.