Explaining employment trends in the Indian economy: 1993-94 to 2011-12

Type Journal Article - Economic and Political Weekly
Title Explaining employment trends in the Indian economy: 1993-94 to 2011-12
Author(s)
Volume 49
Issue 32
Publication (Day/Month/Year) 2014
Page numbers 49-57
URL https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Jajati_Parida/publication/286723590_Explaining_employment_trend​s_in_the_indian_economy_1993-94_to_2011-12/links/5677f1d308ae125516ee4c12.pdf
Abstract
This paper explores employment trends in India since
the mid-1990s based on study of various rounds of
National Sample Survey unit level data. The major
findings are of a structural transformation with an
absolute fall in agricultural employment and a rise in
non-agricultural employment, increasing participation
in education, decline in child labour, mechanisation
of agriculture and rising living standards in rural areas
due to a growth in real wages which led to a decline in
workforce, most of which was of women leaving the
workforce. A fall in demand for manufacturing exports
and increasing capital intensity also resulted in a
decline in manufacturing employment during
2004-05 – 2009-10. The paper estimates that
approximately 17 million jobs per annum need to be
created in non-agriculture during 2012-17. Based on
these estimates, the paper makes policy suggestions to
increase non-agricultural employment in India.

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