Urbanization in developing countries is a defining feature of the 21st century. Between
2000 and 2030, the entire built-up urban area in developing countries is projected to
triple. Urbanization has enabled economic growth and innovation but it has also
contributed to environmental and socioeconomic challenges. Kathmandu Valley has
been experiencing a fast but haphazard urbanization. As urban populations grow, the
risk rises for the most vulnerable ones on city streets. A safe city not only saves lives, it
can boost the quality of lives, demonstrating a close connection between safety and
prosperity.
After establishment of KVDA, execution of plan with enforcement of law has been
geared up. This study has focused on mapping the existing laws related to urban
development, analysis of implications, overlaps and gaps in between and among them
and recommends appropriate policy (re)formulation especially for the Valley. The
study has revealed that promulgating laws and its enforcement are different but equally
important to shift planning into practice. Smart cities that are connected and compact
are generally safer than cities that are spread out over a large area.