DDI_WLD_2000_MBDG_v02_M 2010-09-14 NADA DDI Document - Version 02 - (04/21/21) This version is identical to DDI_WLD_2000_MBDG_v01_M but country field has been updated to capture all the countries covered by survey. Version 01 (September 2010) Measuring Brain Drain by Gender 1990-2000 MBDG 2000 WLD_2000_MBDG_v01_M Frédéric Docquier and B. Lindsay Lowell NADA Development Research Group Macroeconomics - Indicators This dataset, a product of the Trade Team - Development Research Group, is part of a larger effort in the group to measure the extent of the brain drain as part of the International Migration and Development Program. It measures international skilled migration by gender. The methodology is explained in: A gendered assessment of the brain drain, F. Docquier, L. Lowell, and A. Marfouk, Policy Research Discussion Paper (forthcoming), World Bank. 2007. This data set updates and extends the Docquier-Marfouk data set on international migration by educational attainment. The authors use new sources, homogenize definitions of what a migrant is, and compute gender-disaggregated indicators of the brain drain. Emigration stocks and rates are provided by level of schooling and gender for 195 source countries in 1990 and 2000. This data set can be used to capture the recent trend in women’s skilled migration and to analyze its causes and consequences for developing countries. Afghanistan Angola Albania Andorra United Arab Emirates Argentina Armenia Antigua and Barbuda Australia Austria Azerbaijan Burundi Belgium Benin Burkina Faso Bulgaria Bahrain Bahamas, The Bosnia and Herzegovina Bolivia Brazil Barbados Bhutan Botswana Central African Republic Canada Switzerland Chile China China China Cameroon Congo, Rep. Congo, Rep. Colombia Comoros Cabo Verde Costa Rica Cuba Cyprus Czech Republic Germany Djibouti Dominica Denmark Dominican Republic Algeria Ecuador Egypt, Arab Rep. Spain Estonia Ethiopia Finland Fiji France Micronesia, Fed. Sts. Gabon United Kingdom Georgia Ghana Guinea Gambia, The Guinea-Bissau Equatorial Guinea Greece Grenada Guatemala Guyana Honduras Croatia Haiti Hungary Indonesia India Ireland Iran, Islamic Rep. Iraq Iceland Israel Italy Jamaica Jordan Japan Kazakhstan Kenya Kyrgyz Republic Cambodia Kiribati St. Kitts and Nevis Kuwait Lao PDR Lebanon Liberia Libya St. Lucia Liechtenstein Sri Lanka Lesotho Lithuania Luxembourg Latvia Morocco Monaco Moldova Madagascar Maldives Mexico Marshall Islands North Macedonia Mali Malta Myanmar Mongolia Mozambique Mauritania Mauritius Malawi Malaysia Namibia Niger Nigeria Nicaragua Netherlands Norway Nepal Nauru New Zealand Oman Pakistan Panama Peru Philippines Palau Papua New Guinea Poland Portugal Paraguay Qatar Romania Russian Federation Rwanda Saudi Arabia Sudan Senegal Singapore Solomon Islands Sierra Leone El Salvador San Marino Somalia Sao Tome and Principe Suriname Slovak Republic Slovenia Sweden Eswatini Seychelles Syrian Arab Republic Chad Togo Thailand Tajikistan Turkmenistan Timor-Leste Tonga Trinidad and Tobago Tunisia Turkiye Tuvalu Taiwan, China Tanzania Uganda Ukraine Uruguay United States Uzbekistan Venezuela, RB Vietnam Vanuatu West Bank and Gaza Samoa Yemen, Rep. South Africa Zambia Serbia and Montenegro Aggregate data [agg] The dataset includes indicators related to: - Migration stock - Migration rate - Native labor force - Resident labor force Other [oth] Use of the dataset must be acknowledged using a citation which would include: - the Identification of the Primary Investigator - the title of the survey (including acronym and year of implementation) - the survey reference number - the source and date of download Example: Frédéric Docquier et al. Measuring Brain Drain by Gender (MBDG) 1990-2000. Ref. WLD_2000_MBDG_v01_M. Dataset downloaded from http://microdata.worldbank.org on [date]. The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses. Datasetbygender_Aggregates_Stata 390 39 Country of origin Country of origin Country of origin Country of origin Country of origin 390 Afghanistan Albania Algeria Andorra Angola Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Armenia Australia Austria Azerbaijan Bahamas, The Bahrain Bangladesh Barbados Belarus Belgium Belize Benin Bhutan Bolivia Bosnia and Herzegovina Botswana Brazil Brunei Bulgaria Burkina Faso Burma (Myanmar) Burundi Cambodia Cameroon Canada Cape Verde Central African Republic Chad Chile China China, Hong Kong SAR China, Macao SAR Colombia Comoros Congo, Dem. Rep. of the Congo, Rep. of the Costa Rica Cote d'Ivoire Croatia Cuba Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark Djibouti Dominica Dominican Republic East Timor Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Equatorial Guinea Eritrea Estonia Ethiopia Fiji Finland France Gabon Gambia, The Georgia Germany Ghana Greece Grenada Guatemala Guinea Guinea-Bissau Guyana Haiti Holy See (Vatican City) Honduras Hungary Iceland India Indonesia Iran Iraq Ireland Israel Italy Jamaica Japan Jordan Kazakhstan Kenya Kiribati Korea Kuwait Kyrgyzstan Laos Latvia Lebanon Lesotho Liberia Libya Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Macedonia Madagascar Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali Malta Marshall Islands Mauritania Mauritius Mexico Micronesia, Federated States of Moldova Monaco Mongolia Morocco Mozambique Namibia Nauru Nepal Netherlands New Zealand Nicaragua Niger Nigeria Norway Occupied Palestinian Territory Oman Pakistan Palau Panama Papua New Guinea Paraguay Peru Philippines Poland Portugal Qatar Romania Russia Rwanda Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Samoa San Marino Sao Tome and Principe Saudi Arabia Senegal Serbia and Montenegro Seychelles Sierra Leone Singapore Slovakia Slovenia Solomon Islands Somalia South Africa Spain Sri Lanka Sudan Suriname Swaziland Sweden Switzerland Syria Taiwan Tajikistan Tanzania Thailand Togo Tonga Trinidad and Tobago Tunisia Turkey Turkmenistan Tuvalu Uganda Ukraine United Arab Emirates United Kingdom United States Uruguay Uzbekistan Vanuatu Venezuela Vietnam Yemen Zambia Zimbabwe Country of destination Country of destination Country of destination Country of destination Country of destination 390 Oecd Census year Census year Census year Census year Census year 390 1990 2000 Total migration stock 25+ Total migration stock 25+ Total migration stock 25+ Total migration stock 25+ Total migration stock 25+ 390 57.612 6434391.169 250066.014 537354.094 Males' migration stock - All education groups Males' migration stock - All education groups Males' migration stock - All education groups Males' migration stock - All education groups Males' migration stock - All education groups 390 23.478 3518573.404 123161.231 274976.869 Males' migration stock - Low skilled Males' migration stock - Low skilled Males' migration stock - Low skilled Males' migration stock - Low skilled Males' migration stock - Low skilled 390 5.589 2468075.12 54886.246 168665.152 Males' migration stock - Medium skilled Males' migration stock - Medium skilled Males' migration stock - Medium skilled Males' migration stock - Medium skilled Males' migration stock - Medium skilled 390 4.935 549174.628 25207.766 52802.98 Males' migration stock - High skilled Males' migration stock - High skilled Males' migration stock - High skilled Males' migration stock - High skilled Males' migration stock - High skilled 390 10.736 771923.343 43067.219 87064.012 Females' migration stock - All education groups Females' migration stock - All education groups Females' migration stock - All education groups Females' migration stock - All education groups Females' migration stock - All education groups 390 34.134 2915817.764 126904.782 265697.901 Females' migration stock - Low skilled Females' migration stock - Low skilled Females' migration stock - Low skilled Females' migration stock - Low skilled Females' migration stock - Low skilled 390 7.14 2003807.948 57859.108 150155.281 Females' migration stock - Medium skilled Females' migration stock - Medium skilled Females' migration stock - Medium skilled Females' migration stock - Medium skilled Females' migration stock - Medium skilled 390 12.274 544623.943 28814.648 61540.705 Females' migration stock - High skilled Females' migration stock - High skilled Females' migration stock - High skilled Females' migration stock - High skilled Females' migration stock - High skilled 390 9.739 706553.366 40231.026 86153.435 Total migration rate 25+ Total migration rate 25+ Total migration rate 25+ Total migration rate 25+ Total migration rate 25+ 390 0.000231 0.536 0.066 0.102 Males' migration rate - All education groups Males' migration rate - All education groups Males' migration rate - All education groups Males' migration rate - All education groups Males' migration rate - All education groups 390 0.000296 0.496 0.065 0.0989 Males' migration rate - Low skilled Males' migration rate - Low skilled Males' migration rate - Low skilled Males' migration rate - Low skilled Males' migration rate - Low skilled 390 0.000112 0.437 0.0527 0.0827 Males' migration rate - Medium skilled Males' migration rate - Medium skilled Males' migration rate - Medium skilled Males' migration rate - Medium skilled Males' migration rate - Medium skilled 390 0.000127 0.661 0.0628 0.105 Males' migration rate - High skilled Males' migration rate - High skilled Males' migration rate - High skilled Males' migration rate - High skilled Males' migration rate - High skilled 390 0.00106 0.889 0.194 0.219 Females' migration rate - All education groups Females' migration rate - All education groups Females' migration rate - All education groups Females' migration rate - All education groups Females' migration rate - All education groups 390 0.000166 0.568 0.067 0.105 Females' migration rate - Low skilled Females' migration rate - Low skilled Females' migration rate - Low skilled Females' migration rate - Low skilled Females' migration rate - Low skilled 390 6.02e-05 0.413 0.0489 0.0803 Females' migration rate - Medium skilled Females' migration rate - Medium skilled Females' migration rate - Medium skilled Females' migration rate - Medium skilled Females' migration rate - Medium skilled 390 0.000335 0.744 0.0798 0.117 Females' migration rate - High skilled Females' migration rate - High skilled Females' migration rate - High skilled Females' migration rate - High skilled Females' migration rate - High skilled 390 0.00186 0.958 0.243 0.252 Total native labor force 25+ Total native labor force 25+ Total native labor force 25+ Total native labor force 25+ Total native labor force 25+ 390 950.612 761027004.827 14964190.556 59881575.78 Males' native labor force - All education groups Males' native labor force - All education groups Males' native labor force - All education groups Males' native labor force - All education groups Males' native labor force - All education groups 390 559.278 386718784.106 7396040.168 30420948.98 Males' native labor force - Low skilled Males' native labor force - Low skilled Males' native labor force - Low skilled Males' native labor force - Low skilled Males' native labor force - Low skilled 390 343.955 194392898.215 3967661.178 17137336.883 Males' native labor force - Medium skilled Males' native labor force - Medium skilled Males' native labor force - Medium skilled Males' native labor force - Medium skilled Males' native labor force - Medium skilled 390 111.166 177269036.212 2526178.061 12512519.74 Males' native labor force - High skilled Males' native labor force - High skilled Males' native labor force - High skilled Males' native labor force - High skilled Males' native labor force - High skilled 390 50.139 45902062.951 902200.929 3473806.379 Females' native labor force - All education groups Females' native labor force - All education groups Females' native labor force - All education groups Females' native labor force - All education groups Females' native labor force - All education groups 390 391.334 374308220.722 7568150.388 29477849.309 Females' native labor force - Low skilled Females' native labor force - Low skilled Females' native labor force - Low skilled Females' native labor force - Low skilled Females' native labor force - Low skilled 390 249.794 274804617.752 5021137.971 22491661.531 Females' native labor force - Medium skilled Females' native labor force - Medium skilled Females' native labor force - Medium skilled Females' native labor force - Medium skilled Females' native labor force - Medium skilled 390 71.148 93883808.586 1861878.368 7215075.6 Females' native labor force - High skilled Females' native labor force - High skilled Females' native labor force - High skilled Females' native labor force - High skilled Females' native labor force - High skilled 390 28.855 48785987.596 685134.049 3088917.766 Total resident labor force 25+ Total resident labor force 25+ Total resident labor force 25+ Total resident labor force 25+ Total resident labor force 25+ 390 893 759351470 14714124.543 59706850.607 Males' resident labor force - All education groups Males' resident labor force - All education groups Males' resident labor force - All education groups Males' resident labor force - All education groups Males' resident labor force - All education groups 390 535.8 385931431 7272878.937 30336632.068 Males' resident labor force - Low skilled Males' resident labor force - Low skilled Males' resident labor force - Low skilled Males' resident labor force - Low skilled Males' resident labor force - Low skilled 390 336.595 194123509.793 3912774.932 17108523.338 Males' resident labor force - Medium skilled Males' resident labor force - Medium skilled Males' resident labor force - Medium skilled Males' resident labor force - Medium skilled Males' resident labor force - Medium skilled 390 104.012 177142526.829 2500970.295 12499894.575 Males' resident labor force - High skilled Males' resident labor force - High skilled Males' resident labor force - High skilled Males' resident labor force - High skilled Males' resident labor force - High skilled 390 23.558 45699190.94 859133.71 3434456.081 Females' resident labor force - All education groups Females' resident labor force - All education groups Females' resident labor force - All education groups Females' resident labor force - All education groups Females' resident labor force - All education groups 390 357.2 373420039 7441245.606 29387104.102 Females' resident labor force - Low skilled Females' resident labor force - Low skilled Females' resident labor force - Low skilled Females' resident labor force - Low skilled Females' resident labor force - Low skilled 390 242.654 274463728.665 4963278.863 22459858.08 Females' resident labor force - Medium skilled Females' resident labor force - Medium skilled Females' resident labor force - Medium skilled Females' resident labor force - Medium skilled Females' resident labor force - Medium skilled 390 58.874 93728429.789 1833063.72 7192749.354 Females' resident labor force - High skilled Females' resident labor force - High skilled Females' resident labor force - High skilled Females' resident labor force - High skilled Females' resident labor force - High skilled 390 5.426 48562756.891 644903.023 3055484.124