DDI_WLD_2002_GID_v02_M Olivier Dupriez 2010-09-07 NADA DDI Document - Version 02 - (04/21/21) This version is identical to DDI_WLD_2002_GID_v01_M but country field has been updated to capture all the countries covered by survey. Version 01 (September 2010) Globalization and Income Distribution Dataset 1975-2002 GID 2002 WLD_2002_GID_v01_M Branko L. Milanovic NADA Development Research Group Macroeconomics - Indicators Dataset used in World Bank Policy Research Working Paper #2876, published in World Bank Economic Review, No. 1, 2005, pp. 21-44. The effects of globalization on income distribution in rich and poor countries are a matter of controversy. While international trade theory in its most abstract formulation implies that increased trade and foreign investment should make income distribution more equal in poor countries and less equal in rich countries, finding these effects has proved elusive. The author presents another attempt to discern the effects of globalization by using data from household budget surveys and looking at the impact of openness and foreign direct investment on relative income shares of low and high deciles. The author finds some evidence that at very low average income levels, it is the rich who benefit from openness. As income levels rise to those of countries such as Chile, Colombia, or Czech Republic, for example, the situation changes, and it is the relative income of the poor and the middle class that rises compared with the rich. It seems that openness makes income distribution worse before making it better-or differently in that the effect of openness on a country's income distribution depends on the country's initial income level. Aruba Afghanistan Angola Albania Andorra Netherlands Antilles Argentina Armenia American Samoa Antigua and Barbuda Australia Austria Azerbaijan Burundi Belgium Benin Burkina Faso Bulgaria Bahrain Bahamas, The Bosnia and Herzegovina Bolivia Brazil Barbados Bhutan Botswana Central African Republic Canada Switzerland Chile China Cameroon Congo, Dem. Rep. Congo, Rep. Colombia Comoros Cabo Verde Costa Rica Cuba Cayman Islands Cyprus Czech Republic Germany Germany Djibouti Dominica Denmark Dominican Republic Algeria Ecuador Spain Estonia Ethiopia Finland Fiji France Micronesia, Fed. Sts. Gabon United Kingdom Ghana Guinea Guadeloupe Gambia, The Guinea-Bissau Equatorial Guinea Greece Grenada Greenland Guatemala French Guiana Guam Guyana Hong Kong SAR, China Honduras Croatia Haiti Hungary Indonesia Isle of Man India Ireland Iraq Iceland Israel Italy Jamaica Jordan Japan Kazakhstan Kenya Cambodia Kiribati St. Kitts and Nevis Korea, Rep. Kuwait Lao PDR Lebanon Liberia Libya St. Lucia Liechtenstein Sri Lanka Lesotho Lithuania Luxembourg Latvia Macao SAR, China Morocco Monaco Moldova Madagascar Maldives Mexico Marshall Islands Mali Malta Myanmar Mongolia Mozambique Mauritania Martinique Mauritius Malawi Malaysia Mayotte Namibia New Caledonia Niger Nigeria Nicaragua Netherlands Norway Nepal New Zealand Oman Pakistan Panama Peru Philippines Palau Papua New Guinea Poland Puerto Rico Korea, Dem. Rep. Portugal Paraguay French Polynesia Qatar Romania Russian Federation Rwanda Saudi Arabia Sudan Senegal Singapore Solomon Islands Sierra Leone El Salvador Somalia Suriname Slovak Republic Slovenia Sweden Eswatini Seychelles Chad Togo Thailand Tajikistan Turkmenistan Tonga Trinidad and Tobago Tunisia Turkiye Taiwan, China Tanzania Uganda Ukraine Uruguay United States Uzbekistan Vietnam Vanuatu West Bank and Gaza Samoa South Africa Zambia Zimbabwe Yugoslavia Fed. Rep. Czechoslovakia Serbia and Montenegro Aggregate data [agg] The dataset inlcludes indicators related to: - Population - GDP - Income - Imports/exports - Inflation - Exchange rate - Interest rate Use of the dataset must be acknowledged using a citation which would include: - the Identification of the Primary Investigator - the title of the survey (including acronym and year of implementation) - the survey reference number - the source and date of download Example: Branko L. Milanovic, World Bank. Globalization and Income Distribution Dataset (GID) 1975-2002. Ref. WLD_2002_GID_v01_M. Dataset downloaded from http://microdata.worldbank.org on [date] The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses. Global_for_release 4594 34 Year Year Year Year Year 4594 1975 2002 1988.25 7.951 Country Country Country Country Country 4252 342 1 Afghanistan 2 Albania 3 Algeria 4 American-Samoa 5 Andorra 6 Angola 7 Antigua and Barbuda 8 Argentina 9 Armenia 10 Aruba 11 Australia 12 Austria 13 Azerbaijan 14 Bahamas, The 15 Bahrain 16 Bangladesh 17 Barbados 18 Belarus 19 Belgium 20 Belize 21 Benin 22 Bermuda 23 Bhutan 24 Bolivia 25 Bosnia and Herzego 26 Botswana 27 Brazil 28 Brunei 29 Bulgaria 30 Burkina Faso 31 Burundi 32 Cambodia 33 Cameroon 34 Canada 35 Cape Verde 36 Cayman Islands 37 Central African Re 38 Chad 39 Channel Islands 40 Chile 41 China 42 Colombia 43 Comoros 44 Zair, Congo, Dem. Rep. 45 Congo, Rep. 46 Costa Rica 47 Cote d'Ivoire 48 Croatia 49 Cuba 50 Cyprus 51 Czech Republic 52 Denmark 53 Djibouti 54 Dominica 55 Dominican Rep 56 Ecuador 57 Egypt, Arab Rep. 58 El Salvador 59 Equatorial Guin 60 Eritrea 61 Estonia 62 Ethiopia 63 Faeroe Islands 64 Fiji 65 Finland 66 France 67 French Guiana 68 French Polyne 69 Gabon 70 Gambia, The 71 Georgia 72 Germany 73 Germany,FedRep F 74 Ghana 75 Greece 76 Greenland 77 Grenada 78 Guadeloupe 79 Guam 80 Guatemala 81 Guinea 82 Guinea-Bissau 83 Guyana 84 Haiti 85 Honduras 86 Hong Kong,China 87 Hungary 88 Iceland 89 India 90 Indonesia 91 Iran,IslamicRep. 92 Iraq 93 Ireland 94 Isle of Man 95 Israel 96 Italy 97 Jamaica 98 Japan 99 Jordan 100 Kazakhstan 101 Kenya 102 Kiribati 103 Korea, Dem.Rep 104 Korea, Rep. 105 Kuwait 106 Kyrgyz Rep 107 Lao PDR 108 Latvia 109 Lebanon 110 Lesotho 111 Liberia 112 Libya 113 Liechtenstein 114 Lithuania 115 Luxembourg 116 Macao 117 Macedonia,FYR 118 Madagascar 119 Malawi 120 Malaysia 121 Maldives 122 Mali 123 Malta 124 Marshall Islands 125 Martinique 126 Mauritania 127 Mauritius 128 Mayotte 129 Mexico 130 Micronesia,Fed.Sts. 131 Moldova 132 Monaco 133 Mongolia 134 Morocco 135 Mozambique 136 Myanmar 137 N. MarianaIslands 138 Namibia 139 Nepal 140 Netherlands 141 Netherlands Antilles 142 New Caledonia 143 New Zealand 144 Nicaragua 145 Niger 146 Nigeria 147 Norway 148 Oman 149 Pakistan 150 Palau 151 Panama 152 Papua New Guinea 153 Paraguay 154 Peru 155 Philippines 156 Poland 157 Portugal 158 Puerto Rico 159 Qatar 160 Reunion 161 Romania 162 Russian Federat 163 Rwanda 164 Samoa 165 SaoTome & Principe 166 Saudi Arabia 167 Senegal 168 Seychelles 169 Sierra Leone 170 Singapore 171 Slovak Republic 172 Slovenia 173 Solomon Islands 174 Somalia 175 South Africa 176 Spain 177 Sri Lanka 178 St. Kitts & Nevis 179 St. Lucia 180 St.Vincent & Grenad 181 Sudan 182 Suriname 183 Swaziland 184 Sweden 185 Switzerland 186 Syrian Arab Rep 187 Taiwan, China 188 Tajikistan 189 Tanzania 190 Thailand 191 Togo 192 Tonga 193 Trinidad & Tobago 194 Tunisia 195 Turkey 196 Turkmenistan 197 Uganda 198 Ukraine 199 United Arab Emir 200 United Kingdom 201 United States 202 Uruguay 203 Uzbekistan 204 Vanuatu 205 Venezuela, Rep 206 Vietnam 207 Virgin Islands 208 West Bank & Gaza 209 Yemen, Rep. 210 Yugoslavia, FR(S/M) 211 Zambia 212 Zimbabwe 213 Czechoslovakia 214 USSR 217 Yugoslavia,old 500 Serbia/MN Sysmiss Country code Country code Country code Country code Country code 4594 AGO ALB ARE ARG ARM AUS AUT AZE BDI BEL BEN BFA BGD BGR BHR BHS BIH BLR BLZ BOL BRA BRB BWA CAF CAN CHE CHL CHN CIV CMR COG COL CPV CRI CUB CYP CZE DEU DJI DNK DOM DZA ECU EGY ESP EST ETH FIN FJI FRA GAB GBR GEO GHA GIN GMB GNB GNQ GRC GRD GTM GUY HKG HND HRV HTI HUN IDN IND IRL IRN IRQ ISL ISR ITA JAM JOR JPN KAZ KEN KGZ KHM KOR KWT LAO LBN LBY LKA LSO LTU LUX LVA MAR MDA MDG MEX MKD MLI MLT MMR MNG MOZ MRT MUS MWI MYS NAM NER NGA NIC NLD NOR NPL NZL OMN PAK PAN PER PHL PNG POL PRI PRT PRY QAT ROM RUS RWA SAU SDN SEN SGP SLE SLV SOM STP SUR SVK SVN SWE SWZ SYC SYR TCD TGO THA TJK TKM TTO TUN TUR TWN TZA UAE UGA UKR URY USA UZB VEN VNM WSM YEM YUG ZAF ZAR ZMB ZWE mean y in PPP$ mean y in PPP$ mean y in PPP$ mean y in PPP$ mean y in PPP$ 322 4272 119 16956 3955.417 3564.178 Region Number Region Number Region Number Region Number Region Number 3563 1031 1 2 3 4 5 Sysmiss gdp per capita in ppp gdp per capita in ppp gdp per capita in ppp gdp per capita in ppp gdp per capita in ppp 3509 1085 372 47515 6610.228 6611.355 population population population population population 3585 1009 0.0596 1271.9 35.309 118.946 gov exp as % of gdp gov exp as % of gdp gov exp as % of gdp gov exp as % of gdp gov exp as % of gdp 1123 3471 0.98 0.363 0.176 exports in m$ exports in m$ exports in m$ exports in m$ exports in m$ 3404 1190 2 1065740 27721.451 78007.261 imports in m$ imports in m$ imports in m$ imports in m$ imports in m$ 3405 1189 42 1441500 27846.566 81797.388 gdp in m$ gdp in m$ gdp in m$ gdp in m$ gdp in m$ 3641 953 48 9837406 127827.769 570161.231 (xpo+mpo)/gdp (xpo+mpo)/gdp (xpo+mpo)/gdp (xpo+mpo)/gdp (xpo+mpo)/gdp 3304 1290 0.0885 9.544 0.782 0.601 dfi_doll/gdp in % dfi_doll/gdp in % dfi_doll/gdp in % dfi_doll/gdp in % dfi_doll/gdp in % 3149 1445 -28.633 145.251 1.829 4.301 exchange rate exchange rate exchange rate exchange rate exchange rate 1366 3228 2.25e-09 112762 425.036 3369.846 inflation inflation inflation inflation inflation 1228 3366 -7.63 15600 82.92 670.589 nominal interest nominal interest nominal interest nominal interest nominal interest 1068 3526 0.07 17236 63.179 662.478 real interest real interest real interest real interest real interest 1038 3556 -98.576 445.192 0.43 22.955 democ without negatives democ without negatives democ without negatives democ without negatives democ without negatives 3218 1376 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Sysmiss m2/gdp/er m2/gdp/er m2/gdp/er m2/gdp/er m2/gdp/er 1184 3410 1.18e-05 2.487 0.505 0.346 trade/GDP in constant prices from PWT6.1 trade/GDP in constant prices from PWT6.1 trade/GDP in constant prices from PWT6.1 trade/GDP in constant prices from PWT6.1 trade/GDP in constant prices from PWT6.1 3241 1353 4.31e-11 4.405 0.706 0.457 Exports(local$) in 1996 constant price Exports(local$) in 1996 constant price Exports(local$) in 1996 constant price Exports(local$) in 1996 constant price Exports(local$) in 1996 constant price 3314 1280 4.288 4.71e+15 22939913720228.7 196046377660216 Imports(local$) in 1996 constant price Imports(local$) in 1996 constant price Imports(local$) in 1996 constant price Imports(local$) in 1996 constant price Imports(local$) in 1996 constant price 3313 1281 4.222 6.22e+15 27172317204201.4 249343060501284 real GDP per capita (Const prices: chain series) real GDP per capita (Const prices: chain series) real GDP per capita (Const prices: chain series) real GDP per capita (Const prices: chain series) real GDP per capita (Const prices: chain series) 3277 1317 281.258 43989.438 6817.738 6810.343 tradek/er1996/( rgdpch*pop) tradek/er1996/( rgdpch*pop) tradek/er1996/( rgdpch*pop) tradek/er1996/( rgdpch*pop) tradek/er1996/( rgdpch*pop) 1870 2724 8.48e-12 3.277 0.446 0.46 dec1/mean dec1/mean dec1/mean dec1/mean dec1/mean 319 4275 0.00894 0.657 0.258 0.128 322 4272 0.0736 0.719 0.396 0.14 322 4272 0.13 0.767 0.497 0.14 322 4272 0.17 0.828 0.593 0.138 322 4272 0.23 0.909 0.698 0.131 322 4272 0.31 1.023 0.821 0.122 322 4272 0.451 1.234 0.972 0.107 322 4272 0.701 1.532 1.186 0.0898 322 4272 1.148 2.177 1.551 0.133 322 4272 1.727 6.447 3.031 0.853