DDI_MWI_1994_AES_v01_M Development Economics Data Group 2013-02-13 NADA Version 01 (February 2013) Annual Economic Survey 1994 -1998 AES 1994 -1998 MWI_1994_AES_v01_M National Statistical Office of Malawi NADA National Statistical Office of Malawi Enterprise Survey [en/oth] Previous rounds of the AES series include: AES 1973-1979 AES 1979-1980 AES 1980-1981 AES 1980-1983 AES 1983-1989 and AES 1990-1994. The AES is conducted annually through mail questionnaires sent to all large scale profit making enterprises. The reference period is twelve months and this is normally the enterprise’s financial year. The survey covers private, statutory bodies and public sector industries engaged in the production and sale of goods and services on the market at prices normally designed to cover the cost of production. Public sector industries include Government Print, Plant and Vehicle Hire Organisation (PVHO), Controller of Stores and Forestry Department.The AES provides information on the economic activity of large-scale enterprises in the Malawian economy with regard to their production and employment characteristics, profitability level, acquisition and issue of both real and financial claims in different sectors of the economy. Malawi Large Scale Enterprises Large Scale Enterprises Sample survey data [ssd] The survey includes the following: - Production and employment characteristics - Profitability level - Acquisition and issue of both real and financial claims in different sectors of the economy The enterprises that are selected for the survey are obtained from the Business Information Register (BIR). This is a live database containing information on all enterprises known to exist by the National Statistical Office. The register details names, addresses, type of activity, number of employees and turnover (i.e. Total sales) of every business and is updated on a regular basis. From the list of businesses on the BIR, large scale profit making industries are selected on the basis of critical value of turnover of K1,000,000 or more. Otherwise, if the enterprise has 100 or more employees, it will also be included. Some enterprises which ceased operating or did not qualify have been dropped while others have been maintained and new ones have been included. Using this method, 327 enterprises were selected in 1994 for this survey. Mail Questionnaire [mail] Due diversity in the nature of businesses in the different sectors, it was felt necessary to develop questionnaires activity related questionnaires. Agricultural and Manufacturing enterprises are sent questionnaires specific to their sector trade, while other enterprises are sent the standard AES questionnaire. The AES is conducted annually through mail questionnaires sent to all largescale profit making enterprises. The reference period is twelve months and this is normally the enterprise’s financial year. The questionnaires are mailed out in June or July every year requesting information on the previous year’s activity. Follow-up reminder letters are sent to non-responding firms and where necessary a summarised questionnaire was sent out and personal visits were made to enhance the response rate. On receipt of the questionnaires, they were checked for errors and discrepancies. Where company accounts were available, crosschecks were made with the questionnaires to detect omissions and inconsistencies. Any problems found were corrected after querying the respondent. Where respondents failed to respond but current annual company accounts were available, the questionnaires were completed at the office using these accounts. After editing, the questionnaires were processed on Personal Computer using Microsoft Excel Version 6.0. Special adjustments were made to tea and sugar growing and manufacturing, banking and finance, and holding companies. In the tea and sugar industries, the same enterprises often carry out both the growing and manufacturing activities and they do not necessarily keep distinct records for these activities. Since the AES has in the final analysis to allocate value added to appropriate sectors some adjustments are done to both the growing and manufacturing sectors. The adjustment is done on the assumption of 15 per cent mark up on costs for the manufacturing sector to be counted as expenditure by the growing sector. Data for banking and other financial institutions are also adjusted because the bank charges do not cover the cost of financial services. These are paid from commissions on foreign exchange transactions which is reported in the accounts as foreign exchange profit and from the excess of interest received from loans over interest paid on deposits. The foreign exchange profit and the excess of interest are added to reported banking and service charges, which are then recorded as goods and services, sold. In the case of holding companies, it is difficult to distinguish administrative and managerial service receipts from income derived purely from ownership of subsidiaries and therefore, these service receipts were estimated as total expenditure of the holding companies including remuneration and depreciation plus a 15 per cent mark up. Further, missing data were estimated by applying the sectoral rate of change in employment as a proxy for the growth rate of a particular sector. National Statistical Office of Malawi Use of the dataset must be acknowledged using a citation which would include: - the Identification of the Primary Investigator - the title of the survey (including country, acronym and year of implementation) - the survey reference number - the source and date of download The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses.