DDI_WLD_2001_GBS_v02_M
Development Data Group
2013-03-01
NADA
DDI Document - Version 02 - (04/21/21)
This version is identical to DDI_WLD_2001_GBS_v01_M but country field has been updated to capture all the countries covered by survey.
Version 01 (March 2013)
Global Barometer Survey 2001-2008
Round 1
GBS 2001-08
WLD_2001_GBS_v01_M
Department of Political Science, National Taiwan University
List of producers http://www.jdsurvey.net/gbs/GBSParticipants.jsp
ASEP/JDS
NADA
Yu-tzung Chang
Ms Kai-Ping Huang
ASEP/JDS
Other Household Survey [hh/oth]
- v01
The Global Barometer Survey represents a systematic comparative survey of attitudes and values toward politics, power, reform, democracy and citizens' political actions in Africa, Asia, Latin America and the Arabic region. It is based on a common module of questions contained in regional barometer surveys.
Cross-national comparative surveys have been implemented in 55 political systems. In each of the 55 countries or regions, a national research team administers a country-wide face-to-face survey using standardized survey instruments to compile the required micro-level data under a common research framework and research methodology.
Argentina
Benin
Bolivia
Brazil
Botswana
Chile
Colombia
Cabo Verde
Costa Rica
Algeria
Ecuador
Ghana
Guatemala
Honduras
Indonesia
India
Jordan
Japan
Kenya
Kuwait
Lebanon
Sri Lanka
Lesotho
Morocco
Madagascar
Mexico
Mali
Mongolia
Mozambique
Malawi
Namibia
Nigeria
Nicaragua
Nepal
Pakistan
Panama
Peru
Philippines
Paraguay
Senegal
Singapore
El Salvador
Thailand
Taiwan, China
Tanzania
Uganda
Uruguay
Venezuela, RB
Vietnam
West Bank and Gaza
South Africa
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Country-wide survey in 55 political systems -namely Japan, Korea, Mongolia, Philippines, Taiwan, Thailand, Indonesia, Singapore, Vietnam, Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Chile, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay, Venezuela, Benin, Botswana, Cape Verde, Ghana, Kenya, Lesotho, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Senegal, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Jordan, Palestine, Algeria, Morocco, Kuwait and Lebanon.
-Individuals
The survey of Algeria, Argentina, Bolivia, Botswana, Brasil, Cape Verde, Colombia, Costa Rica, Chile, Ecuador, El Salvador, Ghana, Guatemala, Honduras, India, Japan, Jordan, Kenya, South Korea, Kuwait, Lebanon, Lesotho, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mexico, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Pakistan, Palestine, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Senegal, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Tanzania, Thailand, Uganda, Uruguay, Venezuela, Vietnam, Zambia, Zimbabwe cover both sexes, 18 and more years. The survey of Indonesia covers both sexes, 17 and more years. And the survey of Singapore covers both sexes, 21 and more years.
Sample survey data [ssd]
Survey topics: Economic evaluation, Trust, Feeling of security, Vote and election, Political interest and situation, Media exposure, Party, Demonstration, Democracy, Citizen power, Freedom, Corruption, Leader, Army, Gender, Education, Marital status, Religious, Income, Occupation.
MORI Argentina
Institute for Empirical Research in Political Economy
Equipos MORI Consultores
Centre of Specialisation in Public Administration and Management
Department of Political and Administrative Studies, University of Botswana
Brazilian Institute of Public Opinion and Statistics
Afro-Sondagem, Praia
Yanhaas
CID-GALLUP
MORI Chile
Apoyo, Opinión y Mercado
CID-GALLUP
Center for Democratic Development, Accra
CID-GALLUP
CID-GALLUP
Lembaga Survei Indonesia
Central Research Services
Institute for Development Studies, Nairobi
Garam Research Institute
Sechaba Consultants, Maseru
National Institute of Statistics (INSTAT) and COEF Ressources
Institute for Economic and Social Research
Groupe de Recherche en Economie Appliquee et Theorique
Mundamericas
Academy of Political Education
Centre for Population Studies (CPS), Eduardo Mondlane University
Research Facilitation Services, Windhoek
CID-GALLUP
Practical Sampling International, Lagos
CID-GALLUP
Equipos MORI Consultores
Apoyo, Opinión y Mercado
Social Weather Stations
GERCOP l’ENEA, L’Université Gaston Berger de Saint Louis
AC Nielsen
Institute of Political Science, Academia Sinica
Research on Poverty Alleviation
King Prajadhipok's Institute
Wilsken Agencies, Ltd., Kampala
Equipos MORI Consultores
DOXA
Institute of Human Studies
Steadman Research Services, Kenya
Mass Public Opinion Institute, Harare
Sampling procedure for each individual country is available at http://www.jdsurvey.net/gbs/GBSTechnical.jsp
Face-to-face [f2f]
Algeria: Languages: Arabic (with a small number of respondents preferring French)
Indonesia:
(1) Questionnaire
The definitive language version of the questionnaire is Bahasa Indonesia, which is a translated version from the original questionnaire in English. Then the language translation underwent cognitive pretests to make sure that the messages were conveyed accurately.
(2) Pre-Testing and Finalizing the Questionnaire
LSI pre-tested the questionnaire on 17 voting-age adults from different socio-economic classes in order to:
- Determine the time length of the interview,
- Improve the wording of the questions, if necessary,
- Eliminate unnecessary questions or add new items, as the case may be,
- Test question sequence and identify bases,
- Correct and improve translation,
- Change open-ended questions into multiple-choice questions,
- Find out which items are conceptually vague,
- Check accuracy and adequacy of the questionnaire instructions,
- Determine whether the focus of the question is clear, and
- Identify interviewer’s recording difficulties.
Kuwait: Language: Arabic
Lebanon: Language: Arabic
Morocco: Language: Arabic
Palestine: Language: Arabic
Singapore:
(1) Questionnaire
The original language of the questionnaire was English and it was translated into Chinese and Malay by qualified translators. Back-translation was done to ensure accuracy.
(2) Pre-Testing and Finalizing the Questionnaire
Five interviewers were tasked with pre-testing the pilot questionnaire on 20 respondents, with a good spread of respondents in terms of gender, race and age. The pilot test served to achieve the following:
- Determine the time length of the interview
- Improve the wording of the questions, if necessary
- Eliminate unnecessary questions or add new items, as the case may be
- Test question sequence and identify bases
- Correct and improve translation
- Change open-ended questions into multiple-choice questions
- Find out which items are conceptually vague
- Check accuracy and adequacy of the questionnaire instructions
- Determine whether the focus of the question is clear
- Identify interviewer's recording difficulties
Vietnam:
(1) Questionnaire
English version of questionnaire is translated into Vietnamese. The language translation goes through a cognitive pre-test before the actual pretest is undertaken.
(2) Pre-Testing and Finalizing the Questionnaire
IHS pre-tested the questionnaire on 100 voting-age adults from different socio-economic classes in order to:
- Determine the time length of the interview
- Improve the wording of the questions, if necessary
- Eliminate unnecessary questions or add new items, as the case may be
- Test question sequence and identify bases
- Correct and improve translation
- Change open-ended questions into multiple-choice questions
- Find out which items are conceptually vague
- Check accuracy and adequacy of the questionnaire instructions
- Determine whether the focus of the question is clear
- Identify interviewer's recording difficulties
Indonesia:
(3) Training
(a) LSI had two levels of trainings. LSI conducted the first level of training in Jakarta by inviting all areas coordinators of LSI to special sessions. The aim of this training was to give the coordinators a general picture of the survey, as well as read and review the questionnaire. The second level of training took place in various provinces of Indonesia. The area coordinators who received knowledge disseminated information to surveyors in their respective areas. Particular attention was given to areas with large primary sampling units such as West Java, Central Java, and East Java and where researchers from LSI’s head office were most involved in the training.
(b) Training time - The minimum training time for group supervisors and interviewers was two days prior to field implementation. The third day was the start-off, where the field supervisor observed the field interviewers during their first round of interviews.
(c) Training Activities - These mainly consisted of one or two days of office training to learn the basics of the project and mock interviews among participants. The latter activity meant that field interviewers interviewed field anchors as if they were respondents in order to get accustomed to the flow of interviewing and the questionnaire format. Interviewers practiced with a supervisor until they could sufficiently conduct interviews on their own.
(d) Evaluation of interviewer’s work - A field supervisor observed and evaluated all of the first interviews of each field interviewer. Only after meeting certain evaluation criteria was an interviewer left to interview on her own. The field supervisor always stayed within the vicinity of the sample spot to conduct checks, however.
Fieldwork:
(1) Workers on Hand
For this project, LSI deployed a total of 174 field staff:
Overall Field Manager = 1
Western Indonesia Field Anchors = 12 Field Interviewers = 135
Central Indonesia Field Anchors = 10 Field Interviewers = 35
Eastern Indonesia Field Anchors = 2 Field Interviewers = 4
(2) Supervision
Supervisors reported to the field manager and monitored the study full-time. They observed interviewers, where at least 10% of the total interviews were observed by supervisors, conducted follow-ups, and did surprise checks on the field interviewers. They also ensured that field logistics were received promptly and administered properly.
(3) Spot-checking
Part of quality control was to make sure at least 30% of each interviewer’s output was spot-checked and back-checked. Once an incomplete or inconsistent answer was spotted in the questionnaire, the field interviewer went back to the respondent’s house to re-ask the question for verification.
Japan:
Fieldwork: The interviews were also conducted by Central Research Services interviewers. Though the interviewers were skilled at this kind of fieldwork, they were still required to participate in an orientation training session for these particular interviews. Interviews were conducted in Japanese. The mean length of the interviews was 50.3 minutes, with a range from 19 to 178 minutes (the SD was 16.2).
South Korea:
Fieldwork: The South Korea survey was conducted during the month of February 2003.
Fieldwork was undertaken by regularly employed interviewers of the Garam Research Institute. Each interviewer participated in a one-day orientation session and completed three trial interviews.
If no one was at home at a household or if the adult selected for interview was not at home, the interviewer was instructed to call back two times a day. The mean length of interviews was 60 minutes; the range was from 50 to 90 minutes.
Mongolia:
Fieldwork: The survey was conducted with face to face method and the respondents were above 18 years old. The number of respondents was based on the list of participants in 2000 parliament elections.
Singapore:
(3) Training
Training was conducted for each and every interviewer involved in this project. They were made familiar with the questionnaire and mock interviews were conducted to test their understanding of the questions. All interviewers were required to present the 1st three pieces of their work for a ‘1st Check’. Only if these three pieces were totally error-free would they be allowed to proceed with the study. If there are errors in the questionnaires, they would be required to go back to the respondent and rectify the error and do another three pieces for a ‘2nd Check’. This process continues until the interviewer’s work is free of errors.
(1) After each interview, the interviewer was asked to go over his own work and check for consistency.
(2) Office editors conducted final consistency checks on all questionnaires prior to coding.
(3) Logic checks were also put in place during data processing.
Fieldwork: Sixty interviewers in total were used for this survey and they are deployed to locations all over the island. Fieldwork supervision was conducted to observe the interviewers at work so as to maintain quality of fieldwork.
Vietnam:
(3) Training
(a) Training time - IHS staff is trained for field work.The minimum training time for group supervisors and interviewers was 4 days prior to field implementation. The third day was the start-off, where the field supervisor observed the field interviewers on their first interviews.
(b) Training Activities - These mainly consisted of:
One or two days office training to learn the basics of the project. Mock interviews among participants, i.e. field interviewers interviewing field anchors as respondents are done to get
accustomed to the flow of interviewing and questionnaire format.
Interviews were practiced with a supervisor around until the interviewer could be left on her own.
(c) Evaluation of interviewer's work - All first interviews of each field interviewer were observed by her field supervisor, and then evaluated. Only after meeting a certain evaluation criteria was an interviewer left to interview on her own, although her field supervisor always stayed within the vicinity of the sample spot to conduct checks.
(1) After each interview, the interviewer was asked to go over her own work and check for consistency.
(2) All accomplished interview schedules were submitted to the assigned group supervisor who, in turn, edited every interview.
Fieldwork:
(1) Workers on Hand
For this project, a total of 30 field staff were deployed:
Field Manager = 1
Red River Delta Field Anchors = 2
Field Interviewers = 6
North East Field Anchors =1
Field Interviewers = 3
North West Field Anchors = 1
Field Interviewers = 2
North Central Coast Field Anchors = 1
Field Interviewers = 5
South Central Coast Field Anchors = 1
Field Interviewers = 2
Central Highlands Field Anchors =1
Field Interviewers = 3
South East Field Anchors = 1
Field Interviewers = 4
Mekong Delta Field Anchors = 1
Field Interviewers = 5
(2) Supervision
Supervisors reporting to the field manager monitored the study full-time. They observed interviewers, (at least 10% of total interviewers were observed by supervisors), followed-up and did surprise checks on the field interviewers. They also ensured that field logistics were received promptly and administered properly.
(3) Spot-checking
Part of quality control was to make sure at least 30% of each interviewer’s output was spot-checked and back-checked. Once an incomplete or inconsistent answer was spotted in the questionnaire, the field interviewer went back to the respondent’s house to re-ask the question for verification.
The date of the collection for individual countries could be found at http://www.jdsurvey.net/gbs/GBSTechnical.jsp
Benin, Botswana, Ghana, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Senegal, Zambia, Zimbabwe: None
Cape Verde: Weighted to take account of over- or under-samples with respect to island and urban-rural distribution.
Kenya: Weighted to account for over- or under-samples with respect to province and urban-rural distribution.
South Korea: The sample was more or less consistent with the survey population with respect to age, gender, and region. Hence no weighting variable was constructed.
Lesotho: Weighted to account for over- or under-samples with respect to district and urban-rural distribution.
Madagascar: Weighted to account for individual selection probabilities.
Mail: Weighted to account for over- or under-samples with respect to region and urban-rural distribution.
Nigeria: Weighting to account for an over- sample in Bayelsa, Delta and Rivers states, and an undersample in Northwest Region.
Singapore: To yield representative figures at the national level, census-based population weights are applied to the survey data. The weight projection is computed by age. Since Singapore is geographically quite small, age is more significant than area statistically as age represents the band-width of the population. Appropriate projected factors were applied so that original population proportions were reflected in the data tables using this formula. Projection factors(Weight)= Population/ No. of Interviews.
The SPSS version of the datafile is already weighted according to the above projection factors. As the data are weighted, the total number of cases that appear is 2,616,457.
South Africa: Weighted to account for individual selection probabilities.
Taiwan:
(c) Goodness of Fit and Data Weighting
The purpose of Chi-Square test within the SPSS Nonparametric Statistical Test is to establish that the data is consistent with the distribution among the entire population. Three sample characteristics are addressed: gender, age and education.
Both age and education failed the chi-square test. This means that the data for age and education are inconsistent with the whole population. The problem is rooted in the sampling. In order to rectify the data, “Raking,” a kind of weighting method in accor dance with multiple variables, was used to render the sample’s gender, age and education data consistent with the entire population.
Tanzania: Weighted to correct for over-sample in Zanzibar.
Uganda: Weighted to account for over- or under-samples with respect to region and urban-rural distribution.
Vietnam:
To yield representative figures at the national level, census-based population weights are applied to the survey data. The weight projection is computed by dividing the projected population in the area by the sample size of the same area. Appropriate projected factors were applied so that original population proportions were reflected in the data tables using this formula.
Projection factors (Weight) = Population/No. of Interviews
The SPSS version of the data file is already weighted according to the above projection factors. As the data are weighted, the total number of cases that appear is 45,847. The figure is in thousands, i.e., 45,847,142 persons representing NSO's projected number of adults (18 years old and above) for year 2005 based on the 1999 Census
Indonesia:
(c) Data Processing
(1) Office editors conducted final consistency checks on all interviews prior to coding.
(2) A data entry computer program verified and checked the consistency of the encoded data before data tables were generated.
Benin: Contact rate: 0.89 Cooperation rate: 0.90 Refusal rate: 0.02 Response rate: 0.80
Indonesia: Response Rate. The original sample size was 1,600 respondents. There were 1,440 successful interviews without substitution, and therefore the response rate is 90%. The number of substitutions is 160.
Botswana: Contact rate: 0.91 Cooperation rate: 0.87 Refusal rate: 0.03 Response rate: 0.79
Cape Verde: Contact rate: 0.92 Cooperation rate: 0.78 Refusal rate: 0.11 Response rate: 0.72
Ghana: Contact rate: 0.98 Cooperation rate: 1.00 Refusal rate: 0.00 Response rate: 0.98
Japan: The second wave of the ABS in Japan was conducted between February and March 2007 and yielded 1,067 valid cases from a sample of 2,500 cases yielding a response rate of 42.7%. On both surveys, we used additional sub-sampling which also followed the same two-stage random sampling procedure. The response rate for Japan was lower than it has been on the EAB 2003 (the first wave of the ABS).
Jordan: Response rate in Jordan’s sample was 95%.
Kenya: Contact rate: 0.80 Cooperation rate: 0.75 Refusal rate: 0.07 Response rate: 0.60
South Korea: A total of 3,224 addresses were selected. At 649 addresses, there was no one at home after two callbacks so that the household residents could not be enumerated and a respondent selected. Of the 2,575 households where an individual name could be selected by the birthday method, 32 individuals were not interviewed because they were too old or infirm or absent from the household; 630 refused; and 413 were not completed because of the respondent’s impatience, for which Koreans are notorious. A total of 1,500 interviews were satisfactorily completed, registering a response rate of 58 percent. Of the completed interviews, 20 percent were randomly selected and independently validated.
Lesotho: Contact rate: 0.78 Cooperation rate: 0.85 Refusal rate: 0.02 Response rate: 0.66
Madagascar: Contact rate: 0.77 Cooperation rate: 0.84 Refusal rate: 0.03 Response rate: 0.65
Malawi: Contact rate: 0.91 Cooperation rate: 0.86 Refusal rate: 0.04 Response rate: 0.78
Mozambique: Contact rate: 0.96 Cooperation rate: 0.95 Refusal rate: 0.03 Response rate: 0.91
Namibia: Contact rate: 0.85 Cooperation rate: 0.70 Refusal rate: 0.21 Response rate: 0.60
Nigeria: Contact rate: 0.77 Cooperation rate: 0.78 Refusal rate: 0.10 Response rate: 0.61
Senegal: Contact rate: 0.95 Cooperation rate: 0.90 Refusal rate: 0.07 Response rate: 0.85
Singapore: The original sample size was 1,000 respondents plus another 1,000 as reserve. There were 1,012 successful interviews with 456 cases replaced by the cases in the reserve list, and therefore the response rate is 69.52%.
South Africa: Contact rate: 0.95 Cooperation rate: 0.91 Refusal rate: 0.06 Response rate: 0.87
Tanzania: Contact rate: 0.98 Cooperation rate: 0.98 Refusal rate: 0.00 Response rate: 0.96
Zambia: Contact rate: 0.86 Cooperation rate: 0.83 Refusal rate: 0.07 Response rate: 0.72
Zimbabwe: Contact rate: 0.82 Cooperation rate: 0.80 Refusal rate: 0.09 Response rate: 0.66
Argentina: Estimated Error: 3%
Benin: Estimated Error: +/- 3% with 95% confidence level
Bolivia: Estimated Error: 2.8%
Botswana: Estimated Error: +/- 3% with 95% confidence level.
Brasil: Estimated Error: 2.8%
Cape Verde: Estimated Error: +/- 3% with 95% confidence level.
Colombia: Estimated Error: 3%
Costa Rica: Estimated Error: 3.1%
Chile: Estimated Error: 3%
Ecuador: Estimated Error: 2.8%
El Salvador: Estimated Error: 3.1%
Ghana: Estimated Error: +/- 3% with 95% confidence level.
Guatemala: Estimated Error: 3.1%
Honduras: Estimated Error: 3.1%
Indonesia: Estimated Error: ± 2.5 %
Sample Sizes and Error Margins. An indicator of data quality is the standard error of the estimate, on which the margin for sampling error is based. As survey statistics are mostly proportions, the key measure of data precision is the standard error of a proportion taken from a sample. It is computed as follows: ± Z vp(1-p)/n
Where Z, at a 95% confidence level is 1.96, p is the sample proportion estimate, and n is the sample size.
The overall sample size of 1,600 voting-age adults gives a maximum error margin of ± 2.5 % at the 95% confidence level, assuming a simple random sampling design. The sampling error is at its highest when the true proportion being estimated is close to 50%.
The following approximate 95%-confidence margins for sampling error should be made when aggregating data at various levels:
Sample Size Error Margin
The original1,600±2.5%
Actual with substitution 1,600±2.5%
Actual without substitution 1,440±2.7%
However, somewhat higher error margins should be expected since multi-stage cluster sampling was used; this design-effect is not readily measurable through established statistical software.
Kenya: Estimated Error: +/- 3% with 95% confidence level.
Lesotho: Estimated Error: +/- 3% with 95% confidence level.
Madagascar: Estimated Error: +/- 3% with 95% confidence level.
Malawi: Estimated Error: +/- 3% with 95% confidence level.
Mozambique: Estimated Error: +/- 3% with 95% confidence level.
Namibia: Estimated Error: +/- 3% with 95% confidence level.
Nicaragua: Estimated Error: 3.1%
Nigeria: Estimated Error: +/- 2% with 95% confidence level.
Panama: Estimated Error: 3.1%
Paraguay: Estimated Error: 4%
Peru: Estimated Error: 2.8%
Senegal: Estimated Error: +/- 3% with 95% confidence level.
South Africa: Estimated Error: +/- 2% with 95% confidence level.
Tanzania: Estimated Error: +/- 3% with 95% confidence level.
Uganda: Estimated Error: +/- 2% with 95% confidence level.
Uruguay: Estimated Error: 2.8%
Venezuela: Estimated Error: 3%
Vietnam: Estimated Error: ± 2.83 %
Vietnam:
Sample Sizes and Error Margins. An indicator of data quality is the standard error of the estimate, on which the margin for sampling error is based. As survey statistics are mostly proportions, the key measure of data precision is the standard error of a proportion taken from a sample. It is computed as follows: ± Z vp(1-p)/n
Where Z, at 95% confidence level is 1.96; p is the sample proportion estimate and n is the sample size. The overall sample size of 1,200 voting-age adults gives a maximum error margin of ± 2.83 % at the 95% confidence level, assuming a simple random sampling design. The sampling error is at its highest when the true proportion being estimated is close to 50%.
The following approximate 95%-confidence margins for sampling error should be made when aggregating data at various levels:
Sample Size Error margin
Vietnamese 1200+3%
Red River Delta 234+6%
North East 234+6%
North West 36+6%
North Central Coast 156+6%
South Central Coast 102+6%
Central Highlands 78+6%
South East168+6%
Mekong Delta 252+6%
However, somewhat higher error margins should be expected since multi-stage cluster sampling was used; this design-effect is not readily measurable through established statistical software.
Estimated Error: ± 2.83 %
Zambia: Estimated Error: +/- 3% with 95% confidence level.
Zimbabwe: Estimated Error: +/- 3% with 95% confidence level.
ASEP/JDS
Use of the dataset must be acknowledged using a citation which would include:
- the Identification of the Primary Investigator
- the title of the survey (including country, acronym and year of implementation)
- the survey reference number
- the source and date of download
Example:
Department of Political Science, National Taiwan University. Global Barometer Survey (GBS) 2001-2008, Ref. WLD_2001_GBS_v01_M. Dataset downloaded from [url] on [date].
Dataset is available to download from external repository at http://www.jdsurvey.net/gbs/GBSData.jsp
The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses.
gbs round 1 jun_2009
82017
83
country
country
country
country
country
82017
101
japan
102
hong kong
103
korea
104
mainland china
105
mongolia
106
philippines
107
taiwan
108
thailand
109
indonesia
110
singapore
111
vietnam
112
cambodia
201
argentina
202
bolivia
203
brazil
204
colombia
205
costa rica
206
chile
207
ecuador
208
el salvador
209
guatemala
210
honduras
211
mexico
212
nicaragua
213
panama
214
paraguay
215
peru
216
uruguay
217
venezuela
301
benin
302
botswana
303
cape verde
304
ghana
305
kenya
306
lesotho
307
madagascar
308
malawi
309
mali
310
mozambique
311
namibia
312
nigeria
313
senegal
314
south africa
315
tanzania
316
uganda
317
zambia
318
zimbabwe
401
bangladesh
402
india
403
nepal
404
pakistan
405
sri lanka
501
jordan
502
palestine
503
algeria
504
morocco
505
kuwait
506
lebanon
current country economic evaluation
current country economic evaluation
current country economic evaluation
current country economic evaluation
current country economic evaluation
71138
10879
-1
missing
1
very bad
2
bad
3
so so (not good nor bad)
4
good
5
very good
7
could not understand
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
past country economic evaluation
past country economic evaluation
past country economic evaluation
past country economic evaluation
past country economic evaluation
64198
17819
-1
missing
1
very bad
2
bad
3
so so (not good nor bad)
4
good
5
very good
7
could not understand
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
future country economic evaluation
future country economic evaluation
future country economic evaluation
future country economic evaluation
future country economic evaluation
71138
10879
-1
missing
1
much worse
2
a little worse
3
about the same
4
a little better
5
much better
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
current personal economic evaluation
current personal economic evaluation
current personal economic evaluation
current personal economic evaluation
current personal economic evaluation
71138
10879
-1
missing
1
very bad
2
bad
3
so so (not good nor bad)
4
good
5
very good
7
not clear
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
past personal economic evaluation
past personal economic evaluation
past personal economic evaluation
past personal economic evaluation
past personal economic evaluation
64198
17819
-1
missing
1
much worse now
2
a little worse now
3
about the same
4
a little better now
5
much better now
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
future personal economic evaluation
future personal economic evaluation
future personal economic evaluation
future personal economic evaluation
future personal economic evaluation
64197
17820
-1
missing
1
much worse
2
a little worse
3
about the same
4
a little better
5
much better
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
trust in prime minister or president
trust in prime minister or president
trust in prime minister or president
trust in prime minister or president
trust in prime minister or president
62607
19410
-1
missing
not applicable
1
none at all
2
not very much trust
3
quite a lot of trust
4
a great deal of trust
7
do not understand the question
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
trust in the courts
trust in the courts
trust in the courts
trust in the courts
trust in the courts
82017
-1
missing
not applicable
1
none at all
2
not very much trust
3
quite a lot of trust
4
a great deal of trust
7
do not understand the question
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
trust in the national government
trust in the national government
trust in the national government
trust in the national government
trust in the national government
49680
32337
-1
missing
not applicable
1
none at all
2
not very much trust
3
quite a lot of trust
4
a great deal of trust
7
do not understand the question
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
trust in political parties
trust in political parties
trust in political parties
trust in political parties
trust in political parties
82017
-1
missing
not applicable
1
none at all
2
not very much trust
3
quite a lot of trust
4
a great deal of trust
7
do not understand the question
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
trust in parliament
trust in parliament
trust in parliament
trust in parliament
trust in parliament
82016
1
-1
missing
not applicable
1
none at all
2
not very much trust
3
quite a lot of trust
4
a great deal of trust
7
do not understand the question
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
trust in the military
trust in the military
trust in the military
trust in the military
trust in the military
75077
6940
-1
missing
not applicable
1
none at all
2
not very much trust
3
quite a lot of trust
4
a great deal of trust
7
do not understand the question
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
trust in the police
trust in the police
trust in the police
trust in the police
trust in the police
82016
1
-1
missing
not applicable
1
none at all
2
not very much trust
3
quite a lot of trust
4
a great deal of trust
7
do not understand the question
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
trust in local government
trust in local government
trust in local government
trust in local government
trust in local government
56439
25578
-1
missing
not applicable
1
none at all
2
not very much trust
3
quite a lot of trust
4
a great deal of trust
7
do not understand the question
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
trust in newspaper
trust in newspaper
trust in newspaper
trust in newspaper
trust in newspaper
55668
26349
-1
missing
not applicable
1
none at all
2
not very much trust
3
quite a lot of trust
4
a great deal of trust
7
do not understand the question
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
trust in television
trust in television
trust in television
trust in television
trust in television
55668
26349
-1
missing
not applicable
1
none at all
2
not very much trust
3
quite a lot of trust
4
a great deal of trust
7
do not understand the question
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
trust in the election commission
trust in the election commission
trust in the election commission
trust in the election commission
trust in the election commission
55227
26790
-1
missing
not applicable
1
none at all
2
not very much trust
3
quite a lot of trust
4
a great deal of trust
7
do not understand the question
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
participation in voluntary organizations
participation in voluntary organizations
participation in voluntary organizations
participation in voluntary organizations
participation in voluntary organizations
52500
29517
-1
missing
1
yes
2
no
7
not clear
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
interpersonal trust
interpersonal trust
interpersonal trust
interpersonal trust
interpersonal trust
61558
20459
-1
missing
1
you must be very careful in dealing with people
2
most people can be trusted
7
do not understand the question
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
trust relatives
trust relatives
trust relatives
trust relatives
trust relatives
54619
27398
-1
missing
1
none at all
2
not very much trust
3
quite a lot of trust
4
a great deal of trust
7
do not understand the question
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
trust neighbors
trust neighbors
trust neighbors
trust neighbors
trust neighbors
54620
27397
-1
missing
1
none at all
2
not very much trust
3
quite a lot of trust
4
a great deal of trust
7
do not understand the question
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
feeling of security(present)
feeling of security(present)
feeling of security(present)
feeling of security(present)
feeling of security(present)
29451
52566
1
very safe
2
safe
3
unsafe
4
very unsafe
7
could not understand
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
feeling of security(present vs. past)
feeling of security(present vs. past)
feeling of security(present vs. past)
feeling of security(present vs. past)
feeling of security(present vs. past)
29451
52566
not applicable
1
more safe
2
less safe
3
same as before
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
victim of a crime
victim of a crime
victim of a crime
victim of a crime
victim of a crime
52394
29623
-1
missing
not applicable
1
no
2
yes
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
vote in the last elections
vote in the last elections
vote in the last elections
vote in the last elections
vote in the last elections
63319
18698
-1
missing
not applicable
1
no
2
yes
7
not clear
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
fair and free elections
fair and free elections
fair and free elections
fair and free elections
fair and free elections
63365
18652
-1
missing
not applicable
1
completely free and fair
2
free and fair, but with minor problems
3
free and fair, with major problems
4
not free or fair
7
do not understand questions
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
present political situation
present political situation
present political situation
present political situation
present political situation
37210
44807
1
very good
2
good
3
average
4
bad
5
very bad
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
political interests
political interests
political interests
political interests
political interests
62607
19410
-1
missing
1
not at all interested
2
not very interested
3
somewhat interested
4
very interested
7
not clear
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
media exposure(tv)
media exposure(tv)
media exposure(tv)
media exposure(tv)
media exposure(tv)
63444
18573
-1
missing
1
daily
2
frequently
3
occasionally
4
rarely/never
8
don't know
9
no answer
Sysmiss
media exposure(newspaper)
media exposure(newspaper)
media exposure(newspaper)
media exposure(newspaper)
media exposure(newspaper)
63444
18573
-1
missing
1
daily
2
frequently
3
occasionally
4
rarely/never
8
don't know
9
no answer
Sysmiss
media exposure(radio)
media exposure(radio)
media exposure(radio)
media exposure(radio)
media exposure(radio)
63444
18573
-1
missing
1
daily
2
frequently
3
occasionally
4
rarely/never
8
don't know
9
no answer
Sysmiss
discuss /talk politics
discuss /talk politics
discuss /talk politics
discuss /talk politics
discuss /talk politics
75076
6941
-1
missing
1
frequently
2
occasionally
3
never
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
closer political party(excluded south asia)
closer political party(excluded south asia)
closer political party(excluded south asia)
closer political party(excluded south asia)
closer political party(excluded south asia)
54349
27668
-1
missing
1
do not feel close to any political party
2
just a little close
3
somewhat close
4
very close
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
closer political party(included south asia)
closer political party(included south asia)
closer political party(included south asia)
closer political party(included south asia)
closer political party(included south asia)
73758
8259
-1
missing
1
no
2
yes
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
internet
internet
internet
internet
internet
37210
44807
not aware of internet
1
almost daily
2
at least once a week
3
at least once a month
4
several times a year
5
occasionally
6
hardly ever
7
never
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
10
do not understand the question
Sysmiss
contacted government official(excluded arab)
contacted government official(excluded arab)
contacted government official(excluded arab)
contacted government official(excluded arab)
contacted government official(excluded arab)
44511
37506
-1
missing
not applicable
1
once
2
more than once
3
never
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
contacted elected officials or legislative representatives at any level(excluded
contacted elected officials or legislative representatives at any level(excluded
contacted elected officials or legislative representatives at any level(excluded
contacted elected officials or legislative representatives at any level(excluded
contacted elected officials or legislative representatives at any level(excluded
35981
46036
-1
missing
not applicable
1
once
2
more than once
3
never
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
contacted traditional leaders/community leaders(excluded arab)
contacted traditional leaders/community leaders(excluded arab)
contacted traditional leaders/community leaders(excluded arab)
contacted traditional leaders/community leaders(excluded arab)
contacted traditional leaders/community leaders(excluded arab)
34768
47249
-1
missing
not applicable
1
once
2
more than once
3
never
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
contacted government official(included arab)
contacted government official(included arab)
contacted government official(included arab)
contacted government official(included arab)
contacted government official(included arab)
51451
30566
-1
missing
not applicable
1
yes
2
no
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
contacted elected officials or legislative representatives at any level(included
contacted elected officials or legislative representatives at any level(included
contacted elected officials or legislative representatives at any level(included
contacted elected officials or legislative representatives at any level(included
contacted elected officials or legislative representatives at any level(included
42921
39096
-1
missing
not applicable
1
yes
2
no
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
contacted traditional leaders/community leaders(included arab)
contacted traditional leaders/community leaders(included arab)
contacted traditional leaders/community leaders(included arab)
contacted traditional leaders/community leaders(included arab)
contacted traditional leaders/community leaders(included arab)
41708
40309
-1
missing
not applicable
1
yes
2
no
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
take part in demonstrations or protests
take part in demonstrations or protests
take part in demonstrations or protests
take part in demonstrations or protests
take part in demonstrations or protests
82016
1
-1
missing
1
yes
2
no
7
not clear
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
meaning of democracy(1st response)
meaning of democracy(1st response)
meaning of democracy(1st response)
meaning of democracy(1st response)
meaning of democracy(1st response)
55363
26654
-1
missing
96
others
97
no substance in answer
98
don't know
99
no response
100
interpreting democracy in generic (populist) terms
110
popular sovereignty
111
government of the people
120
government by the people
121
people as their own master
122
power of the people
130
government for the people
131
putting people's interest first
132
care for people
133
responsive to people's need
134
governing in the interest of general welfare
140
absence of non-democratic arrangements
141
no dictator
142
no repression
200
interpreting a democracy in terms of some key elements of li
201
limited government
202
freedom and civil liberty
203
freedom in general
210
freedom of speech/press/expression
211
freedom of association
212
political liberty
213
protection of individual/human rights
214
freedom from government repression
215
freedom of participation
216
freedom of belief (and religion)
217
freedom of individual choice
218
freedom of information
220
political equality
221
one man one vote
222
equality before the law/justice
223
non discrimination
230
democratic institutions and process
231
election, popular vote or electoral choice
232
electing leaders with integrity and capacity
233
parliament
234
separation of power or check-and-balance
235
competitive party system
236
power rotation
237
rule of law
238
independent judicial
239
majority rule
240
respect for minority rights
241
political accountability
242
representative government
243
federalism
244
republic
250
participation and citizen empowerment
251
ability to select or change government
252
voting
253
direct participation
254
demonstration
255
voice one's concern
256
plebiscite (referendum)
260
social pluralism and civil society
261
open society
262
pluralist society
263
responsible media
300
interpreting democracy in terms of social and economic syste
310
free economy
311
free market
312
private properties/ownership
313
free and fair competition
314
personal economic opportunities
315
no central planning
316
low tax
317
privatization
318
small government
320
equality, justice or fraternity
321
social equality
322
social justice
323
fraternity
324
equality of opportunities
325
social rights or social entitlements
326
welfare state
327
socialism
328
worker participation
329
gender equality
330
socio-economic performance
331
solve unemployment
332
find anyone a job
333
providing social welfare (or social safety net)
334
taking good care of the weak
335
taking care of people's economic well-being(basic needs, suc
336
provision of happy and prosperous life
337
improvement of people's welfare
338
stable economy (economic stability)
339
small income gap (small gap between the rich and the poor)
340
economic development
400
interpreting democracy in terms of good government
410
good governance
411
honest government
412
responsible (or rational) government
413
openness or transparent government
414
responsive government (listening to people, respecting publi
415
fair treatment
416
efficiency or can-do (can deliver)
417
no waste
418
no corruption
419
law-biding government (rule by law)
420
social stability
421
law and order
430
reform in general
431
political reform
432
economic reform
440
leadership
441
public-spirited (selfish-less) leaders
442
visionary (long-term oriented) leaders
443
ability to make necessary (and sometimes unpopular) decision
444
political elite should decide for the mass
445
government leaders should lead the people
446
more younger leaders to replace the old faces
447
development of elite
448
competent leadership
500
interpreting democracy in term of individual behaviors
510
democratic style
511
communication
512
compromise
513
rational
514
tolerance
515
taking into account all parties concerned
516
freedom within legal limits
517
respect for others' rights
518
no extremism
519
follow principles
520
duties
521
citizen duties
522
action within the limits of law
523
law-binding
530
individualism
531
respect for individual privacy
532
independence
533
self-reliance
534
having one's own views
535
self-responsibility
536
responsibility for one's own action/decision
537
fight for one's own interests
538
self dignity (self-esteem)
540
trust
600
interpreting democracy in other broad and abstract terms
610
political system
611
governmental institution
612
decentralization (local self-government)
620
nationalism and statism
621
better country
622
wealthy state
623
national independence
624
individual less important than nation
625
putting national interest above partisan interests
626
national security
630
stable and cohesive society
631
good society
632
patriotism
633
solidarity
634
harmony
635
no chaos, anarchy or disorder
636
collective (group) interest is more important than individua
640
other lofty elements
641
world peace
642
the commonwealth of the world
650
ethnicity
651
political indiginization (the native rule)
652
ethnic cleavage (or tension)
700
conditions or prerequisites for democracy
710
gradualism
711
incremental
712
it takes time
713
no radicalism
720
prerequisites
721
democratic aptitude of citizens
722
citizen's sophistication
723
economic condition
724
level of education
725
fit our country's own conditions
800
evaluation of democracy or democratic regime
810
positive appraisal of democracy in general
811
the best or the better
812
progressive
813
universal acceptance
814
global trend
820
negative appraisal of democracy in general
821
corrupt
822
inefficient
823
unstable, chaotic, anarchy
824
conflict
825
lead to injustice
826
obstruct economic development
827
place too much on individual interests
828
the worst system
829
does not exist
830
we cannot have democracy
831
government ignore people!|s need
832
manipulation by politicians
833
loss of freedom
834
serve government's interest
835
the rich and the powerful dominate
836
too much freedom
837
poverty is growing
840
positive appraisal of one's own country's democracy
850
negative appraisal of one's own country's democracy
900
reference or cognitive association
910
country reference
911
like united states, united kingdom, japan, etc.
912
not like north korea, etc
920
political figures (e.g., sun yet-sun, lee teng-hui, abraham
921
political parties or groups (e.g., dpp, kmt, etc)
922
other associations (state, politics, society)
Sysmiss
meaning of democracy(2nd response)
meaning of democracy(2nd response)
meaning of democracy(2nd response)
meaning of democracy(2nd response)
meaning of democracy(2nd response)
55243
26774
-1
missing
96
others
97
no substance in answer
98
don't know
99
no response
100
interpreting democracy in generic (populist) terms
110
popular sovereignty
111
government of the people
120
government by the people
121
people as their own master
122
power of the people
130
government for the people
131
putting people's interest first
132
care for people
133
responsive to people's need
134
governing in the interest of general welfare
140
absence of non-democratic arrangements
141
no dictator
142
no repression
200
interpreting a democracy in terms of some key elements of li
201
limited government
202
freedom and civil liberty
203
freedom in general
210
freedom of speech/press/expression
211
freedom of association
212
political liberty
213
protection of individual/human rights
214
freedom from government repression
215
freedom of participation
216
freedom of belief (and religion)
217
freedom of individual choice
218
freedom of information
220
political equality
221
one man one vote
222
equality before the law/justice
223
non discrimination
230
democratic institutions and process
231
election, popular vote or electoral choice
232
electing leaders with integrity and capacity
233
parliament
234
separation of power or check-and-balance
235
competitive party system
236
power rotation
237
rule of law
238
independent judicial
239
majority rule
240
respect for minority rights
241
political accountability
242
representative government
243
federalism
244
republic
250
participation and citizen empowerment
251
ability to select or change government
252
voting
253
direct participation
254
demonstration
255
voice one's concern
256
plebiscite (referendum)
260
social pluralism and civil society
261
open society
262
pluralist society
263
responsible media
300
interpreting democracy in terms of social and economic syste
310
free economy
311
free market
312
private properties/ownership
313
free and fair competition
314
personal economic opportunities
315
no central planning
316
low tax
317
privatization
318
small government
320
equality, justice or fraternity
321
social equality
322
social justice
323
fraternity
324
equality of opportunities
325
social rights or social entitlements
326
welfare state
327
socialism
328
worker participation
329
gender equality
330
socio-economic performance
331
solve unemployment
332
find anyone a job
333
providing social welfare (or social safety net)
334
taking good care of the weak
335
taking care of people's economic well-being(basic needs, suc
336
provision of happy and prosperous life
337
improvement of people's welfare
338
stable economy (economic stability)
339
small income gap (small gap between the rich and the poor)
340
economic development
400
interpreting democracy in terms of good government
410
good governance
411
honest government
412
responsible (or rational) government
413
openness or transparent government
414
responsive government (listening to people, respecting publi
415
fair treatment
416
efficiency or can-do (can deliver)
417
no waste
418
no corruption
419
law-biding government (rule by law)
420
social stability
421
law and order
430
reform in general
431
political reform
432
economic reform
440
leadership
441
public-spirited (selfish-less) leaders
442
visionary (long-term oriented) leaders
443
ability to make necessary (and sometimes unpopular) decision
444
political elite should decide for the mass
445
government leaders should lead the people
446
more younger leaders to replace the old faces
447
development of elite
448
competent leadership
500
interpreting democracy in term of individual behaviors
510
democratic style
511
communication
512
compromise
513
rational
514
tolerance
515
taking into account all parties concerned
516
freedom within legal limits
517
respect for others' rights
518
no extremism
519
follow principles
520
duties
521
citizen duties
522
action within the limits of law
523
law-binding
530
individualism
531
respect for individual privacy
532
independence
533
self-reliance
534
having one's own views
535
self-responsibility
536
responsibility for one's own action/decision
537
fight for one's own interests
538
self dignity (self-esteem)
540
trust
600
interpreting democracy in other broad and abstract terms
610
political system
611
governmental institution
612
decentralization (local self-government)
620
nationalism and statism
621
better country
622
wealthy state
623
national independence
624
individual less important than nation
625
putting national interest above partisan interests
626
national security
630
stable and cohesive society
631
good society
632
patriotism
633
solidarity
634
harmony
635
no chaos, anarchy or disorder
636
collective (group) interest is more important than individua
640
other lofty elements
641
world peace
642
the commonwealth of the world
650
ethnicity
651
political indiginization (the native rule)
652
ethnic cleavage (or tension)
700
conditions or prerequisites for democracy
710
gradualism
711
incremental
712
it takes time
713
no radicalism
720
prerequisites
721
democratic aptitude of citizens
722
citizen's sophistication
723
economic condition
724
level of education
725
fit our country's own conditions
800
evaluation of democracy or democratic regime
810
positive appraisal of democracy in general
811
the best or the better
812
progressive
813
universal acceptance
814
global trend
820
negative appraisal of democracy in general
821
corrupt
822
inefficient
823
unstable, chaotic, anarchy
824
conflict
825
lead to injustice
826
obstruct economic development
827
place too much on individual interests
828
the worst system
829
does not exist
830
we cannot have democracy
831
government ignore people!|s need
832
manipulation by politicians
833
loss of freedom
834
serve government's interest
835
the rich and the powerful dominate
836
too much freedom
837
poverty is growing
840
positive appraisal of one's own country's democracy
850
negative appraisal of one's own country's democracy
900
reference or cognitive association
910
country reference
911
like united states, united kingdom, japan, etc.
912
not like north korea, etc
920
political figures (e.g., sun yet-sun, lee teng-hui, abraham
921
political parties or groups (e.g., dpp, kmt, etc)
922
other associations (state, politics, society)
Sysmiss
characteristic of democracy
characteristic of democracy
characteristic of democracy
characteristic of democracy
characteristic of democracy
37979
44038
-4
1
opportunity to change the government through elections
2
freedom to criticize those in power
3
a small income gap between rich and poor
4
basic necessities like food, clothes and shelter etc.
7
do not understand the question
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
10
others
Sysmiss
satisfaction with democracy
satisfaction with democracy
satisfaction with democracy
satisfaction with democracy
satisfaction with democracy
75074
6943
-1
missing
1
not at all satisfied
2
not very satisfied
3
fairly satisfied
4
very satisfied
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
suitable for democracy
suitable for democracy
suitable for democracy
suitable for democracy
suitable for democracy
37979
44038
1
not at all suitable
2
not suitable
3
suitable
4
very suitable
7
do not understand the question
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
the first most important problem
the first most important problem
the first most important problem
the first most important problem
the first most important problem
61396
20621
-1
missing
100
economics
110
management of the economy, economic development
120
wages, incomes and salaries (or income gap) , pension
130
unemployment
140
poverty and destitution
150
rates and taxes
160
loans, credit, debt
170
land privatization
180
inflation
190
international trade, globalization
191
basic necessities (price of rice, fuel, spicy. etc)
200
food / agriculture / environment
210
farming/ agriculture/ fishing/ animal husbandry
220
food shortage/famine
230
natural disaster (drought, flood, earthquake, hurricane, etc
240
land
250
environment
260
natural resources
300
infrastructure
310
transportation
320
communications
330
infrastructure / roads
400
government services
410
education, educational fee
420
science and technology
430
housing
440
electricity
450
water supply
460
orphans/street children/homeless children
470
social security, social welfare
480
services (other)
500
health
510
health (medical care)
520
aids (and other transmissible diseases)
530
sickness / disease
540
public health, hygiene
550
food and drug safety
600
governance
610
crime and security
620
corruption
630
political violence
640
political instability/political divisions/ ethnic tensions
650
discrimination/ inequality
660
gender issues/women's rights, children's rights
670
democracy/political rights, protection of rights
680
malfunction of political institutions
690
government efficiency
691
constitution
692
budget deficit
693
judiciary
694
administrative procedure
695
public service independence from politics
700
general social and political conditions
710
immigration
720
social anomaly (suicide, divorce, moral breakdown)
730
aging population, fewer children
740
growth of population
750
cultural problems under social change
760
war (international)
770
civil war
780
external relations (foreign relations)
790
terrorism
791
national defense
800
country-specific problems
990
nothing/ no problems
991
no further reply
995
other issues
996
unclassifiable, inconceivable
998
can't choose
999
decline to answer
Sysmiss
the second most important problem
the second most important problem
the second most important problem
the second most important problem
the second most important problem
42501
39516
-1
missing
100
economics
110
management of the economy, economic development
120
wages, incomes and salaries (or income gap) , pension
130
unemployment
140
poverty and destitution
150
rates and taxes
160
loans, credit, debt
170
land privatization
180
inflation
190
international trade, globalization
191
basic necessities (price of rice, fuel, spicy. etc)
200
food / agriculture / environment
210
farming/ agriculture/ fishing/ animal husbandry
220
food shortage/famine
230
natural disaster (drought, flood, earthquake, hurricane, etc
240
land
250
environment
260
natural resources
300
infrastructure
310
transportation
320
communications
330
infrastructure / roads
400
government services
410
education, educational fee
420
science and technology
430
housing
440
electricity
450
water supply
460
orphans/street children/homeless children
470
social security, social welfare
480
services (other)
500
health
510
health (medical care)
520
aids (and other transmissible diseases)
530
sickness / disease
540
public health, hygiene
550
food and drug safety
600
governance
610
crime and security
620
corruption
630
political violence
640
political instability/political divisions/ ethnic tensions
650
discrimination/ inequality
660
gender issues/women's rights, children's rights
670
democracy/political rights, protection of rights
680
malfunction of political institutions
690
government efficiency
691
constitution
692
budget deficit
693
judiciary
694
administrative procedure
695
public service independence from politics
700
general social and political conditions
710
immigration
720
social anomaly (suicide, divorce, moral breakdown)
730
aging population, fewer children
740
growth of population
750
cultural problems under social change
760
war (international)
770
civil war
780
external relations (foreign relations)
790
terrorism
791
national defense
800
country-specific problems
990
nothing/ no problems
991
no further reply
995
other issues
996
unclassifiable, inconceivable
998
can't choose
999
decline to answer
Sysmiss
government solve mip
government solve mip
government solve mip
government solve mip
government solve mip
42493
39524
-1
missing
not applicable
1
very likely
2
likely
3
not very likely
4
not at all likely
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
citizen's power(people have the power to change a government they don!|t like)(e
citizen's power(people have the power to change a government they don!|t like)(e
citizen's power(people have the power to change a government they don!|t like)(e
citizen's power(people have the power to change a government they don!|t like)(e
citizen's power(people have the power to change a government they don!|t like)(e
63376
18641
-1
missing
1
strongly agree
2
somewhat agree
3
somewhat disagree
4
strongly disagree
7
do not understand the question
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
citizen's power(people have the power to change a government they don!|t like)(i
citizen's power(people have the power to change a government they don!|t like)(i
citizen's power(people have the power to change a government they don!|t like)(i
citizen's power(people have the power to change a government they don!|t like)(i
citizen's power(people have the power to change a government they don!|t like)(i
82014
3
-1
missing
1
agree
2
disagree
7
do not understand the question
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
fair judgment(our current courts always punish the guilty even if they are high-
fair judgment(our current courts always punish the guilty even if they are high-
fair judgment(our current courts always punish the guilty even if they are high-
fair judgment(our current courts always punish the guilty even if they are high-
fair judgment(our current courts always punish the guilty even if they are high-
62606
19411
-1
missing
1
strongly agree
2
somewhat agree
3
somewhat disagree
4
strongly disagree
7
do not understand the question
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
equality
equality
equality
equality
equality
75074
6943
-1
missing
1
strongly agree
2
somewhat agree
3
somewhat disagree
4
strongly disagree
7
do not understand the question
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
freedom of expression
freedom of expression
freedom of expression
freedom of expression
freedom of expression
82014
3
-1
missing
1
strongly agree
2
somewhat agree
3
somewhat disagree
4
strongly disagree
7
do not understand the question
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
freedom of association
freedom of association
freedom of association
freedom of association
freedom of association
43967
38050
-1
missing
1
strongly agree
2
somewhat agree
3
somewhat disagree
4
strongly disagree
7
do not understand the question
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
corruption
corruption
corruption
corruption
corruption
43831
38186
-1
missing
1
almost everyone is corrupt
2
most officials are corrupt
3
not a lot of officials are corrupt
4
hardly anyone is involved
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
reduce corruption
reduce corruption
reduce corruption
reduce corruption
reduce corruption
37210
44807
it is doing this quite effectively
1
it is doing its best
2
it is doing something
3
it is no doing much
4
doing nothing
7
do not understand the question
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
support for democracy(excluded arab)
support for democracy(excluded arab)
support for democracy(excluded arab)
support for democracy(excluded arab)
support for democracy(excluded arab)
75074
6943
-1
missing
1
for people like me, doesn't matter
2
sometimes non-democratic preferable
3
democracy preferable
7
do not understand the question
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
support for democracy(included arab)
support for democracy(included arab)
support for democracy(included arab)
support for democracy(included arab)
support for democracy(included arab)
82014
3
-1
missing
1
no
2
yes
7
do not understand the question
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
strong leader
strong leader
strong leader
strong leader
strong leader
82016
1
-1
missing
1
strongly approve
2
approve
3
disapprove
4
strongly disapprove
5
neither approve nor disapprove
7
do not understand the question
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
army should come in to govern
army should come in to govern
army should come in to govern
army should come in to govern
army should come in to govern
56438
25579
-1
missing
1
strongly approve
2
approve
3
disapprove
4
strongly disapprove
5
neither approve nor disapprove
7
do not understand the question
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
politics is so complicated
politics is so complicated
politics is so complicated
politics is so complicated
politics is so complicated
43969
38048
-1
missing
1
strongly agree
2
somewhat agree
3
somewhat disagree
4
strongly disagree
5
neither agree nor disagree
7
do not understand the question
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
prevent the gap between poor and rich from growing any larger(excluded south asi
prevent the gap between poor and rich from growing any larger(excluded south asi
prevent the gap between poor and rich from growing any larger(excluded south asi
prevent the gap between poor and rich from growing any larger(excluded south asi
prevent the gap between poor and rich from growing any larger(excluded south asi
43968
38049
-1
missing
1
strongly agree
2
somewhat agree
3
somewhat disagree
4
strongly disagree
7
do not understand the question
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
prevent the gap between poor and rich from growing any larger(included south asi
prevent the gap between poor and rich from growing any larger(included south asi
prevent the gap between poor and rich from growing any larger(included south asi
prevent the gap between poor and rich from growing any larger(included south asi
prevent the gap between poor and rich from growing any larger(included south asi
52498
29519
-1
missing
1
agree
2
disagree
7
do not understand the question
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
proud to be [country]
proud to be [country]
proud to be [country]
proud to be [country]
proud to be [country]
56617
25400
1
very proud
2
somewhat proud
3
not very proud
4
not proud at all
7
do not understand the question
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
gender
gender
gender
gender
gender
82013
4
1
male
2
female
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
age(excluded morocco)
age(excluded morocco)
age(excluded morocco)
age(excluded morocco)
age(excluded morocco)
80727
1290
-1
missing
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
97
98
99
100
101
102
115
120
130
997
not clear
998
don't know
999
decline to answer
Sysmiss
age group(included morocco)
age group(included morocco)
age group(included morocco)
age group(included morocco)
age group(included morocco)
82010
7
-1
missing
1
18-24
2
25-34
3
35-44
4
45-54
5
55-64
6
65-74
7
75 and older
997
not clear
998
don't know
999
decline to answer
Sysmiss
marital status
marital status
marital status
marital status
marital status
56617
25400
1
single
2
married
3
other
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
education
education
education
education
education
82011
6
-1
missing
1
illiterate
2
inc.primary
3
comp.primary
4
inc.secondary
5
compl.secondary
6
inc.high
7
comp.high
8
other
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
religiosity
religiosity
religiosity
religiosity
religiosity
42252
39765
-1
missing
1
more than once a week
2
once a week
3
sometimes
4
several times a month
5
once a month
6
only during festivals (or several times a year)
7
less often (once a year)
8
less often
9
never(rarely)
97
not clear
98
can't choose
99
decline to answer
Sysmiss
religious
religious
religious
religious
religious
37136
44881
1
religious
2
not religious
3
in between
6
not applicable
7
don't understand
8
don't know(can't choose)
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
subjective income
subjective income
subjective income
subjective income
subjective income
49672
32345
not applicable
1
covers the needs well, we can save
2
covers the needs all right, without much difficulty
3
does not cover the needs, there are difficulties
4
does not cover the needs, there are great difficulties
7
do not understand the question
8
can't choose
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
car/jeep/van
car/jeep/van
car/jeep/van
car/jeep/van
car/jeep/van
69474
12543
-1
missing
1
yes
2
no
8
don't know
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
television
television
television
television
television
68462
13555
-1
missing
1
yes
2
no
8
don't know
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
motorcycle
motorcycle
motorcycle
motorcycle
motorcycle
49824
32193
-1
missing
1
yes
2
no
8
don't know
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
telephone
telephone
telephone
telephone
telephone
43065
38952
-1
missing
1
yes
2
no
8
don't know
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
bicycle
bicycle
bicycle
bicycle
bicycle
49824
32193
-1
missing
1
yes
2
no
8
don't know
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
radio
radio
radio
radio
radio
49824
32193
-1
missing
1
yes
2
no
8
don't know
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
fridge
fridge
fridge
fridge
fridge
43065
38952
-1
missing
1
yes
2
no
8
don't know
9
decline to answer
Sysmiss
main occupation
main occupation
main occupation
main occupation
main occupation
81381
636
-1
missing
1
hired workers (excluding unpaid family workers)
2
employers and self-employed
3
purely property owner
4
unpaid family workers
5
presently unemployed but looking for work
6
presently unemployed and not looking for work
7
never worked before
8
don't know
9
decline to answer
10
others
80
respondent is also the chief wage earner
Sysmiss