<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<codeBook version="1.2.2" ID="TUR_2002_MSES_v01_M" xml-lang="en" xmlns="http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/DDI" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/DDI http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/DDI/Version1-2-2.xsd">
<docDscr>
  <citation>
    <titlStmt>
      <IDNo>DDI_TUR_2002_MSES_v01_M</IDNo>
    </titlStmt>
    <prodStmt>
      <producer abbr="ERF" affiliation="" role="">Economic Research Forum</producer>
      <prodDate date="2002">2002</prodDate>
      <software version="v5">NADA</software>
    </prodStmt>
    <verStmt>
      <version>Version1.0 
DDI Number and Study ID edited by World Bank Data Group (May 2013)</version>
    </verStmt>
  </citation>
</docDscr>
<stdyDscr>
  <citation>
    <titlStmt>
      <titl>Micro and Small Enterprise Survey, 2002</titl>
      <subTitl/>
      <altTitl>MSEs 2002</altTitl>
      <parTitl/>
      <IDNo>TUR_2002_MSES_v01_M</IDNo>
    </titlStmt>
    <rspStmt>
      <AuthEnty affiliation="">Economic Research Forum</AuthEnty>
      <othId role="Principal Investigator" affiliation="Bogazici University, Turkey" email="">
        <p>Semsa Ozar</p>
      </othId>
      <othId role="Project&#x2019;s Advisory Committee" affiliation="ORSTOM, France" email="">
        <p>Jacques Charmes</p>
      </othId>
      <othId role="Project&#x2019;s Advisory Committee" affiliation="Michigan University, USA" email="">
        <p>Donald Mead</p>
      </othId>
      <othId role="Project&#x2019;s Advisory Committee" affiliation="ILO, Switzerland" email="">
        <p>Ferhad Mehran</p>
      </othId>
    </rspStmt>
    <prodStmt>
      <copyright>(c) 2013, Economic Research Forum</copyright>
      <software version="5.0" date="2022-06-29">NADA</software>
      <fundAg abbr="" role="">European Commission (through the FEMISE 2 project)</fundAg>
      <fundAg abbr="AFESD" role="">Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development</fundAg>
      <fundAg abbr="IDRC" role="">International Development Research Centre</fundAg>
      <grantNo/>
    </prodStmt>
    <distStmt>
      <contact affiliation="" URI="www.erf.org.eg" email="erfdataportal@erf.org.eg">Economic Research Forum (ERF) - 21 Al-Sad Al-Aaly St., Dokki, Giza, Egypt</contact>
      <depDate date=""/>
      <distDate date=""/>
    </distStmt>
    <serStmt>
      <serName>Enterprise Survey [en/oth]</serName>
      <serInfo/>
    </serStmt>
    <verStmt>
      <version date="2013-04"/>
      <verResp/>
      <notes/>
    </verStmt>
    <biblCit format=""/>
    <notes/>
  </citation>
  <stdyInfo>
    <studyBudget/>
    <subject>
      <topcClas vocab="ERF" vocabURI="">Small and Micro Enterprises</topcClas>
    </subject>
    <abstract>This study is the Follow-up phase of Micro and Small Enterprises Survey in Turkey, it was conducted in July 2002. Baseline Study of Micro and Small Enterprise Survey in Turkey, 2001 is found in (http://www.erfdataportal.com/index.php/catalog).
The questionnaire used in the follow-up phase was a shorter version of the main survey questionnaire with identical questions as the main survey, in order to capture the performance dynamics of the MSEs. Some new questions regarding the change in the activities of the enterprise or the entrepreneur were also included.</abstract>
    <sumDscr>
      <collDate date="2002-07" event="start" cycle="Follow-up phase"/>
      <collDate date="2002-07" event="end" cycle="Follow-up phase"/>
      <nation abbr="TUR">Turkiye</nation>
      <geogCover>National coverage</geogCover>
      <geogUnit/>
      <anlyUnit>Enterprises.</anlyUnit>
      <universe>The survey covered all enterprises engaging up to 50 people including the working proprietors and unpaid family workers. A number of activities have been excluded from the investigations because they were of lower priority in relation to the focus of the research project. This means that the definition of MSEs refers to enterprises consisting of a person producing accessories for sale in the market, as well as factories with 30 or 40 workers. Both formal and informal enterprises falling within the MSE universe were the subject of investigations.</universe>
      <dataKind>Sample survey data [ssd]</dataKind>
    </sumDscr>
    <!-- qualityStatement - ddi2.5 - complex type
     
     This structure consists of two parts, standardsCompliance and otherQualityStatements. 
     In standardsCompliance list all specific standards complied with during the execution of this 
     study. Note the standard name and producer and how the study complied with the standard. 
     Enter any additional quality statements in otherQualityStatements.
     
     -->
    <qualityStatement>
      <standardsCompliance>
        <standard>
          <standardName/>
          <producer/>
        </standard>
        <complianceDescription/>
      </standardsCompliance>
      <otherQualityStatement/>
    </qualityStatement>
    <notes/>
    <!-- exPostEvaluation ddi2.5
      Use this section to describe evaluation procedures not address in data evaluation processes. 
      These may include issues such as timing of the study, sequencing issues, cost/budget issues, 
      relevance, instituional or legal arrangments etc. of the study. 
      
      The completionDate attribute holds the date the evaluation was completed. 
      The type attribute is an optional type to identify the type of evaluation with or without 
      the use of a controlled vocabulary.
    -->
    <exPostEvaluation completionDate="" type="">
      <evaluationProcess/>
      <outcomes/>
    </exPostEvaluation>
  </stdyInfo>
  <method>
    <dataColl>
      <timeMeth/>
      <!-- collectorTraining - DDI2.5
        
        Collector Training

        Describes the training provided to data collectors including internviewer training, process testing, 
        compliance with standards etc. This is repeatable for language and to capture different aspects of the 
        training process. The type attribute allows specification of the type of training being described.
        
        -->
      <collectorTraining type=""/>
      <frequenc/>
      <sampProc>The selected MSEs in the baseline survey.</sampProc>
      <sampleFrame>
        <sampleFrameName/>
        <custodian/>
        <universe/>
        <frameUnit isPrimary="">
          <unitType numberOfUnits=""/>
        </frameUnit>
        <updateProcedure/>
      </sampleFrame>
      <deviat/>
      <collMode>Face-to-face [f2f]</collMode>
      <resInstru/>
      <!-- instrumentDevelopment - DDI2.5             
        Describe any development work on the data collection instrument. Type attribute allows for the optional use of a defined development type with or without use of a controlled vocabulary.
        -->
      <instrumentDevelopment type=""/>
      <collSitu/>
      <actMin/>
      <ConOps/>
      <weight/>
      <cleanOps/>
    </dataColl>
    <notes/>
    <anlyInfo>
      <respRate>Owing to the following reasons:
1. Enterprise closed, different one is acting at the same address 
2. Enterprise closed, no enterprise at the same address 
3. Entrepreneur rejected the interview 
4. Entrepreneur was not available 
5. Temporarily closed, 
The number of interviews in the main survey fell to 3,852 in the follow-up survey. Unfortunately, it was not possible to generate information on the enterprises that had been closed or that disappeared in the course of a year. The survey team could not determine the cause of the closing down; whether they moved to a different location and continued to survive or closed permanently. Liedhold and Mead (1999:24) consider this the indeterminacy of the cause as an inevitable outcome of the follow-up surveys.</respRate>
      <EstSmpErr/>
      <dataAppr/>
    </anlyInfo>
    <stdyClas/>
    <dataProcessing type=""/>
    <codingInstructions relatedProcesses="" type="">
      <txt/>
      <command formalLanguage=""/>
    </codingInstructions>
  </method>
  <dataAccs>
    <setAvail>
      <accsPlac URI=""/>
      <origArch/>
      <avlStatus/>
      <collSize/>
      <complete/>
      <fileQnty/>
      <notes/>
    </setAvail>
    <useStmt>
      <confDec required="yes" formNo="" URI="">To access the micro-data, researchers are required to register on the ERF website and comply with the data access agreement. 

The data will be used only for scholarly, research, or educational purposes. Users are prohibited from using data acquired from the Economic Research Forum in the pursuit of any commercial or private ventures.</confDec>
      <restrctn/>
      <contact affiliation="Economic Research Forum (ERF)" URI="www.erf.org.eg" email="erfdataportal@erf.org.eg">Economic Research Forum</contact>
      <citReq>The users should cite the Economic Research Forum as follows:

"Economic Research Forum, Micro and Small Enterprise Survey in Turkey, MSEs (2002), Version 1.0 of the Licensed data files (April, 2013), provided by the Economic Research Forum. http://www.erfdataportal.com/index.php/catalog"</citReq>
      <deposReq/>
      <conditions>Licensed datasets, accessible under conditions.</conditions>
      <disclaimer>The Economic Research Forum has granted the researcher access to relevant data following exhaustive efforts to protect the confidentiality of individual data. The researcher is solely responsible for any analysis or conclusions drawn from available data.</disclaimer>
    </useStmt>
    <notes/>
  </dataAccs>
  <notes/>
</stdyDscr>
<fileDscr ID="F1">
  <fileTxt>
    <fileName>Turkey_MSEs_Enterprise data phase 2</fileName>
    <fileCont></fileCont>
    <dimensns>
      <caseQnty>0</caseQnty>
      <varQnty>54</varQnty>
    </dimensns>
    <dataChck></dataChck>
    <dataMsng></dataMsng>
    <verStmt>
      <version></version>
    </verStmt>
  </fileTxt>
  <notes></notes>
</fileDscr>
<dataDscr>
<var ID="V1" name="serial" files="F1" intrvl="contin">
  <location StartPos="1" EndPos="4" width="4"/>
  <sumStat type="vald"/>
  <sumStat type="invd"/>
</var>
<var ID="V2" name="c_11" files="F1" intrvl="contin">
  <location StartPos="5" EndPos="7" width="3"/>
  <labl>sample area</labl>
  <imputation>sample area</imputation>
  <security>sample area</security>
  <embargo>sample area</embargo>
  <respUnit>sample area</respUnit>
  <sumStat type="vald"/>
  <sumStat type="invd"/>
</var>
<var ID="V3" name="c_12" files="F1" intrvl="contin">
  <location StartPos="8" EndPos="11" width="4"/>
  <labl>serial number</labl>
  <imputation>serial number</imputation>
  <security>serial number</security>
  <embargo>serial number</embargo>
  <respUnit>serial number</respUnit>
  <sumStat type="vald"/>
  <sumStat type="invd"/>
</var>
<var ID="V4" name="c_13" files="F1" intrvl="contin">
  <location StartPos="12" EndPos="15" width="4"/>
  <labl>household identification</labl>
  <imputation>household identification</imputation>
  <security>household identification</security>
  <embargo>household identification</embargo>
  <respUnit>household identification</respUnit>
  <sumStat type="vald"/>
  <sumStat type="invd"/>
</var>
<var ID="V5" name="c_15" files="F1" intrvl="contin">
  <location StartPos="16" EndPos="19" width="4"/>
  <labl>main activity</labl>
  <imputation>main activity</imputation>
  <security>main activity</security>
  <embargo>main activity</embargo>
  <respUnit>main activity</respUnit>
  <sumStat type="vald"/>
  <sumStat type="invd"/>
</var>
<var ID="V6" name="c_16" files="F1" intrvl="discrete">
  <location StartPos="20" EndPos="20" width="1"/>
  <labl>permanency of activity</labl>
  <imputation>permanency of activity</imputation>
  <security>permanency of activity</security>
  <embargo>permanency of activity</embargo>
  <respUnit>permanency of activity</respUnit>
  <sumStat type="vald"/>
  <sumStat type="invd"/>
  <catgry>
    <catValu>1</catValu>
    <labl>permanent</labl>
    <catStat type="vald"/>
  </catgry>
  <catgry>
    <catValu>2</catValu>
    <labl>seasonal</labl>
    <catStat type="invd"/>
  </catgry>
  <catgry>
    <catValu>3</catValu>
    <labl>temporary</labl>
  </catgry>
</var>
<var ID="V7" name="c_17" files="F1" intrvl="discrete">
  <location StartPos="21" EndPos="21" width="1"/>
  <labl>does enterprise engage in other activities?</labl>
  <imputation>does enterprise engage in other activities?</imputation>
  <security>does enterprise engage in other activities?</security>
  <embargo>does enterprise engage in other activities?</embargo>
  <respUnit>does enterprise engage in other activities?</respUnit>
  <sumStat type="vald"/>
  <sumStat type="invd"/>
  <catgry>
    <labl>no</labl>
    <catStat type="vald"/>
  </catgry>
  <catgry>
    <catValu>1</catValu>
    <labl>yes</labl>
    <catStat type="invd"/>
  </catgry>
</var>
<var ID="V8" name="c_18" files="F1" intrvl="contin">
  <location StartPos="22" EndPos="25" width="4"/>
  <labl>specify secondary activity</labl>
  <imputation>specify secondary activity</imputation>
  <security>specify secondary activity</security>
  <embargo>specify secondary activity</embargo>
  <respUnit>specify secondary activity</respUnit>
  <sumStat type="vald"/>
  <sumStat type="invd"/>
</var>
<var ID="V9" name="c_19" files="F1" intrvl="discrete">
  <location StartPos="26" EndPos="26" width="1"/>
  <labl>is this the only operation in which the enterprise operates?</labl>
  <imputation>is this the only operation in which the enterprise operates?</imputation>
  <security>is this the only operation in which the enterprise operates?</security>
  <embargo>is this the only operation in which the enterprise operates?</embargo>
  <respUnit>is this the only operation in which the enterprise operates?</respUnit>
  <sumStat type="vald"/>
  <sumStat type="invd"/>
  <catgry>
    <labl>no</labl>
    <catStat type="vald"/>
  </catgry>
  <catgry>
    <catValu>1</catValu>
    <labl>yes</labl>
    <catStat type="invd"/>
  </catgry>
</var>
<var ID="V10" name="c_20" files="F1" intrvl="discrete">
  <location StartPos="27" EndPos="27" width="1"/>
  <labl>how many other locations?</labl>
  <imputation>how many other locations?</imputation>
  <security>how many other locations?</security>
  <embargo>how many other locations?</embargo>
  <respUnit>how many other locations?</respUnit>
  <sumStat type="vald"/>
  <sumStat type="invd"/>
</var>
<var ID="V11" name="c_21" files="F1" intrvl="contin">
  <location StartPos="28" EndPos="29" width="2"/>
  <labl>number of persons engaged at interview time</labl>
  <imputation>number of persons engaged at interview time</imputation>
  <security>number of persons engaged at interview time</security>
  <embargo>number of persons engaged at interview time</embargo>
  <respUnit>number of persons engaged at interview time</respUnit>
  <sumStat type="vald"/>
  <sumStat type="invd"/>
</var>
<var ID="V12" name="c_22" files="F1" intrvl="contin">
  <location StartPos="30" EndPos="35" width="6"/>
  <labl>space: area of economic unit at interview time</labl>
  <imputation>space: area of economic unit at interview time</imputation>
  <security>space: area of economic unit at interview time</security>
  <embargo>space: area of economic unit at interview time</embargo>
  <respUnit>space: area of economic unit at interview time</respUnit>
  <sumStat type="vald"/>
  <sumStat type="invd"/>
</var>
<var ID="V13" name="c_23" files="F1" dcml="2" intrvl="contin">
  <location StartPos="36" EndPos="49" width="14"/>
  <labl>value of assets: at interview time</labl>
  <imputation>value of assets: at interview time</imputation>
  <security>value of assets: at interview time</security>
  <embargo>value of assets: at interview time</embargo>
  <respUnit>value of assets: at interview time</respUnit>
  <sumStat type="vald"/>
  <sumStat type="invd"/>
</var>
<var ID="V14" name="c_24" files="F1" intrvl="contin">
  <location StartPos="50" EndPos="59" width="10"/>
  <labl>output (quantity/value), per month: at interview time</labl>
  <imputation>output (quantity/value), per month: at interview time</imputation>
  <security>output (quantity/value), per month: at interview time</security>
  <embargo>output (quantity/value), per month: at interview time</embargo>
  <respUnit>output (quantity/value), per month: at interview time</respUnit>
  <sumStat type="vald"/>
  <sumStat type="invd"/>
</var>
<var ID="V15" name="c_25" files="F1" intrvl="contin">
  <location StartPos="60" EndPos="68" width="9"/>
  <labl>wage bill: at interview time</labl>
  <imputation>wage bill: at interview time</imputation>
  <security>wage bill: at interview time</security>
  <embargo>wage bill: at interview time</embargo>
  <respUnit>wage bill: at interview time</respUnit>
  <sumStat type="vald"/>
  <sumStat type="invd"/>
</var>
<var ID="V16" name="c_26" files="F1" intrvl="contin">
  <location StartPos="69" EndPos="77" width="9"/>
  <labl>raw materials and purchase of goods (per month): at interview time</labl>
  <imputation>raw materials and purchase of goods (per month): at interview time</imputation>
  <security>raw materials and purchase of goods (per month): at interview time</security>
  <embargo>raw materials and purchase of goods (per month): at interview time</embargo>
  <respUnit>raw materials and purchase of goods (per month): at interview time</respUnit>
  <sumStat type="vald"/>
  <sumStat type="invd"/>
</var>
<var ID="V17" name="c_27" files="F1" intrvl="contin">
  <location StartPos="78" EndPos="86" width="9"/>
  <labl>energy consumption (per month): at interview time</labl>
  <imputation>energy consumption (per month): at interview time</imputation>
  <security>energy consumption (per month): at interview time</security>
  <embargo>energy consumption (per month): at interview time</embargo>
  <respUnit>energy consumption (per month): at interview time</respUnit>
  <sumStat type="vald"/>
  <sumStat type="invd"/>
</var>
<var ID="V18" name="c_28" files="F1" intrvl="contin">
  <location StartPos="87" EndPos="94" width="8"/>
  <labl>other expenditures (per month) rent: at interview time</labl>
  <imputation>other expenditures (per month) rent: at interview time</imputation>
  <security>other expenditures (per month) rent: at interview time</security>
  <embargo>other expenditures (per month) rent: at interview time</embargo>
  <respUnit>other expenditures (per month) rent: at interview time</respUnit>
  <sumStat type="vald"/>
  <sumStat type="invd"/>
</var>
<var ID="V19" name="c_29" files="F1" intrvl="contin">
  <location StartPos="95" EndPos="102" width="8"/>
  <labl>value added taxes: at interview time</labl>
  <imputation>value added taxes: at interview time</imputation>
  <security>value added taxes: at interview time</security>
  <embargo>value added taxes: at interview time</embargo>
  <respUnit>value added taxes: at interview time</respUnit>
  <sumStat type="vald"/>
  <sumStat type="invd"/>
</var>
<var ID="V20" name="c_30" files="F1" intrvl="contin">
  <location StartPos="103" EndPos="110" width="8"/>
  <labl>cost of financial services: at interview time</labl>
  <imputation>cost of financial services: at interview time</imputation>
  <security>cost of financial services: at interview time</security>
  <embargo>cost of financial services: at interview time</embargo>
  <respUnit>cost of financial services: at interview time</respUnit>
  <sumStat type="vald"/>
  <sumStat type="invd"/>
</var>
<var ID="V21" name="c_31" files="F1" intrvl="contin">
  <location StartPos="111" EndPos="118" width="8"/>
  <labl>others: at interview time</labl>
  <imputation>others: at interview time</imputation>
  <security>others: at interview time</security>
  <embargo>others: at interview time</embargo>
  <respUnit>others: at interview time</respUnit>
  <sumStat type="vald"/>
  <sumStat type="invd"/>
</var>
<var ID="V22" name="c_32" files="F1" intrvl="contin">
  <location StartPos="119" EndPos="126" width="8"/>
  <labl>total other expenditures: at interview time</labl>
  <imputation>total other expenditures: at interview time</imputation>
  <security>total other expenditures: at interview time</security>
  <embargo>total other expenditures: at interview time</embargo>
  <respUnit>total other expenditures: at interview time</respUnit>
  <sumStat type="vald"/>
  <sumStat type="invd"/>
</var>
<var ID="V23" name="c_33" files="F1" intrvl="contin">
  <location StartPos="127" EndPos="135" width="9"/>
  <labl>total expenditures (per month): at interview time</labl>
  <imputation>total expenditures (per month): at interview time</imputation>
  <security>total expenditures (per month): at interview time</security>
  <embargo>total expenditures (per month): at interview time</embargo>
  <respUnit>total expenditures (per month): at interview time</respUnit>
  <sumStat type="vald"/>
  <sumStat type="invd"/>
</var>
<var ID="V24" name="c_34" files="F1" intrvl="contin">
  <location StartPos="136" EndPos="137" width="2"/>
  <labl>number of persons engaged one year ago</labl>
  <imputation>number of persons engaged one year ago</imputation>
  <security>number of persons engaged one year ago</security>
  <embargo>number of persons engaged one year ago</embargo>
  <respUnit>number of persons engaged one year ago</respUnit>
  <sumStat type="vald"/>
  <sumStat type="invd"/>
</var>
<var ID="V25" name="c_35" files="F1" intrvl="contin">
  <location StartPos="138" EndPos="143" width="6"/>
  <labl>space: area of economic unit one year ago</labl>
  <imputation>space: area of economic unit one year ago</imputation>
  <security>space: area of economic unit one year ago</security>
  <embargo>space: area of economic unit one year ago</embargo>
  <respUnit>space: area of economic unit one year ago</respUnit>
  <sumStat type="vald"/>
  <sumStat type="invd"/>
</var>
<var ID="V26" name="c_36" files="F1" dcml="2" intrvl="contin">
  <location StartPos="144" EndPos="157" width="14"/>
  <labl>value of assets: one year ago</labl>
  <imputation>value of assets: one year ago</imputation>
  <security>value of assets: one year ago</security>
  <embargo>value of assets: one year ago</embargo>
  <respUnit>value of assets: one year ago</respUnit>
  <sumStat type="vald"/>
  <sumStat type="invd"/>
</var>
<var ID="V27" name="c_37" files="F1" intrvl="contin">
  <location StartPos="158" EndPos="167" width="10"/>
  <labl>output (quantity/value), per month: one year ago</labl>
  <imputation>output (quantity/value), per month: one year ago</imputation>
  <security>output (quantity/value), per month: one year ago</security>
  <embargo>output (quantity/value), per month: one year ago</embargo>
  <respUnit>output (quantity/value), per month: one year ago</respUnit>
  <sumStat type="vald"/>
  <sumStat type="invd"/>
</var>
<var ID="V28" name="c_38" files="F1" intrvl="contin">
  <location StartPos="168" EndPos="176" width="9"/>
  <labl>wage bill: one year ago</labl>
  <imputation>wage bill: one year ago</imputation>
  <security>wage bill: one year ago</security>
  <embargo>wage bill: one year ago</embargo>
  <respUnit>wage bill: one year ago</respUnit>
  <sumStat type="vald"/>
  <sumStat type="invd"/>
</var>
<var ID="V29" name="c_39" files="F1" intrvl="contin">
  <location StartPos="177" EndPos="185" width="9"/>
  <labl>raw materials and purchase of goods (per month): one year ago</labl>
  <imputation>raw materials and purchase of goods (per month): one year ago</imputation>
  <security>raw materials and purchase of goods (per month): one year ago</security>
  <embargo>raw materials and purchase of goods (per month): one year ago</embargo>
  <respUnit>raw materials and purchase of goods (per month): one year ago</respUnit>
  <sumStat type="vald"/>
  <sumStat type="invd"/>
</var>
<var ID="V30" name="c_40" files="F1" intrvl="contin">
  <location StartPos="186" EndPos="194" width="9"/>
  <labl>energy consumption (per month): one year ago</labl>
  <imputation>energy consumption (per month): one year ago</imputation>
  <security>energy consumption (per month): one year ago</security>
  <embargo>energy consumption (per month): one year ago</embargo>
  <respUnit>energy consumption (per month): one year ago</respUnit>
  <sumStat type="vald"/>
  <sumStat type="invd"/>
</var>
<var ID="V31" name="c_41" files="F1" intrvl="contin">
  <location StartPos="195" EndPos="202" width="8"/>
  <labl>other expenditures (per month) rent: one year ago</labl>
  <imputation>other expenditures (per month) rent: one year ago</imputation>
  <security>other expenditures (per month) rent: one year ago</security>
  <embargo>other expenditures (per month) rent: one year ago</embargo>
  <respUnit>other expenditures (per month) rent: one year ago</respUnit>
  <sumStat type="vald"/>
  <sumStat type="invd"/>
</var>
<var ID="V32" name="c_42" files="F1" intrvl="contin">
  <location StartPos="203" EndPos="210" width="8"/>
  <labl>value added taxes: one year ago</labl>
  <imputation>value added taxes: one year ago</imputation>
  <security>value added taxes: one year ago</security>
  <embargo>value added taxes: one year ago</embargo>
  <respUnit>value added taxes: one year ago</respUnit>
  <sumStat type="vald"/>
  <sumStat type="invd"/>
</var>
<var ID="V33" name="c_43" files="F1" intrvl="contin">
  <location StartPos="211" EndPos="218" width="8"/>
  <labl>cost of financial services: one year ago</labl>
  <imputation>cost of financial services: one year ago</imputation>
  <security>cost of financial services: one year ago</security>
  <embargo>cost of financial services: one year ago</embargo>
  <respUnit>cost of financial services: one year ago</respUnit>
  <sumStat type="vald"/>
  <sumStat type="invd"/>
</var>
<var ID="V34" name="c_44" files="F1" intrvl="contin">
  <location StartPos="219" EndPos="226" width="8"/>
  <labl>others: one year ago</labl>
  <imputation>others: one year ago</imputation>
  <security>others: one year ago</security>
  <embargo>others: one year ago</embargo>
  <respUnit>others: one year ago</respUnit>
  <sumStat type="vald"/>
  <sumStat type="invd"/>
</var>
<var ID="V35" name="c_45" files="F1" intrvl="contin">
  <location StartPos="227" EndPos="234" width="8"/>
  <labl>total other expenditures: one year ago</labl>
  <imputation>total other expenditures: one year ago</imputation>
  <security>total other expenditures: one year ago</security>
  <embargo>total other expenditures: one year ago</embargo>
  <respUnit>total other expenditures: one year ago</respUnit>
  <sumStat type="vald"/>
  <sumStat type="invd"/>
</var>
<var ID="V36" name="c_46" files="F1" intrvl="contin">
  <location StartPos="235" EndPos="242" width="8"/>
  <labl>total expenditures (per month): one year ago</labl>
  <imputation>total expenditures (per month): one year ago</imputation>
  <security>total expenditures (per month): one year ago</security>
  <embargo>total expenditures (per month): one year ago</embargo>
  <respUnit>total expenditures (per month): one year ago</respUnit>
  <sumStat type="vald"/>
  <sumStat type="invd"/>
</var>
<var ID="V37" name="c_47" files="F1" intrvl="contin">
  <location StartPos="243" EndPos="252" width="10"/>
  <labl>total sales-revenues (per month): at interview time</labl>
  <imputation>total sales-revenues (per month): at interview time</imputation>
  <security>total sales-revenues (per month): at interview time</security>
  <embargo>total sales-revenues (per month): at interview time</embargo>
  <respUnit>total sales-revenues (per month): at interview time</respUnit>
  <sumStat type="vald"/>
  <sumStat type="invd"/>
</var>
<var ID="V38" name="c_48" files="F1" intrvl="contin">
  <location StartPos="253" EndPos="261" width="9"/>
  <labl>of which, exports (per month): at interview time</labl>
  <imputation>of which, exports (per month): at interview time</imputation>
  <security>of which, exports (per month): at interview time</security>
  <embargo>of which, exports (per month): at interview time</embargo>
  <respUnit>of which, exports (per month): at interview time</respUnit>
  <sumStat type="vald"/>
  <sumStat type="invd"/>
</var>
<var ID="V39" name="c_49" files="F1" intrvl="discrete">
  <location StartPos="262" EndPos="262" width="1"/>
  <labl>added new products preceding year: at interview time?</labl>
  <imputation>added new products preceding year: at interview time?</imputation>
  <security>added new products preceding year: at interview time?</security>
  <embargo>added new products preceding year: at interview time?</embargo>
  <respUnit>added new products preceding year: at interview time?</respUnit>
  <sumStat type="vald"/>
  <sumStat type="invd"/>
  <catgry>
    <labl>no</labl>
    <catStat type="vald"/>
  </catgry>
  <catgry>
    <catValu>1</catValu>
    <labl>yes</labl>
    <catStat type="invd"/>
  </catgry>
</var>
<var ID="V40" name="c_50" files="F1" intrvl="contin">
  <location StartPos="263" EndPos="272" width="10"/>
  <labl>value of new assets acquired during preceding year: at interview time</labl>
  <imputation>value of new assets acquired during preceding year: at interview time</imputation>
  <security>value of new assets acquired during preceding year: at interview time</security>
  <embargo>value of new assets acquired during preceding year: at interview time</embargo>
  <respUnit>value of new assets acquired during preceding year: at interview time</respUnit>
  <sumStat type="vald"/>
  <sumStat type="invd"/>
</var>
<var ID="V41" name="c_51" files="F1" intrvl="contin">
  <location StartPos="273" EndPos="281" width="9"/>
  <labl>total sales-revenues (per month): one year ago</labl>
  <imputation>total sales-revenues (per month): one year ago</imputation>
  <security>total sales-revenues (per month): one year ago</security>
  <embargo>total sales-revenues (per month): one year ago</embargo>
  <respUnit>total sales-revenues (per month): one year ago</respUnit>
  <sumStat type="vald"/>
  <sumStat type="invd"/>
</var>
<var ID="V42" name="c_52" files="F1" intrvl="contin">
  <location StartPos="282" EndPos="290" width="9"/>
  <labl>of which, exports (per month): one year ago</labl>
  <imputation>of which, exports (per month): one year ago</imputation>
  <security>of which, exports (per month): one year ago</security>
  <embargo>of which, exports (per month): one year ago</embargo>
  <respUnit>of which, exports (per month): one year ago</respUnit>
  <sumStat type="vald"/>
  <sumStat type="invd"/>
</var>
<var ID="V43" name="c_53" files="F1" intrvl="discrete">
  <location StartPos="291" EndPos="291" width="1"/>
  <labl>added new products preceding year): one year ago</labl>
  <imputation>added new products preceding year): one year ago</imputation>
  <security>added new products preceding year): one year ago</security>
  <embargo>added new products preceding year): one year ago</embargo>
  <respUnit>added new products preceding year): one year ago</respUnit>
  <sumStat type="vald"/>
  <sumStat type="invd"/>
  <catgry>
    <labl>no</labl>
    <catStat type="vald"/>
  </catgry>
  <catgry>
    <catValu>1</catValu>
    <labl>yes</labl>
    <catStat type="invd"/>
  </catgry>
</var>
<var ID="V44" name="c_54" files="F1" intrvl="contin">
  <location StartPos="292" EndPos="301" width="10"/>
  <labl>value of new assets acquired during preceding year: one year ago</labl>
  <imputation>value of new assets acquired during preceding year: one year ago</imputation>
  <security>value of new assets acquired during preceding year: one year ago</security>
  <embargo>value of new assets acquired during preceding year: one year ago</embargo>
  <respUnit>value of new assets acquired during preceding year: one year ago</respUnit>
  <sumStat type="vald"/>
  <sumStat type="invd"/>
</var>
<var ID="V45" name="c_55" files="F1" intrvl="discrete">
  <location StartPos="302" EndPos="302" width="1"/>
  <labl>intends to stay in present activity?</labl>
  <imputation>intends to stay in present activity?</imputation>
  <security>intends to stay in present activity?</security>
  <embargo>intends to stay in present activity?</embargo>
  <respUnit>intends to stay in present activity?</respUnit>
  <sumStat type="vald"/>
  <sumStat type="invd"/>
  <catgry>
    <labl>no</labl>
    <catStat type="vald"/>
  </catgry>
  <catgry>
    <catValu>1</catValu>
    <labl>yes</labl>
    <catStat type="invd"/>
  </catgry>
  <catgry>
    <catValu>8</catValu>
    <labl>don't know</labl>
  </catgry>
</var>
<var ID="V46" name="c_56" files="F1" intrvl="discrete">
  <location StartPos="303" EndPos="303" width="1"/>
  <labl>expectations for the future: employment</labl>
  <imputation>expectations for the future: employment</imputation>
  <security>expectations for the future: employment</security>
  <embargo>expectations for the future: employment</embargo>
  <respUnit>expectations for the future: employment</respUnit>
  <sumStat type="vald"/>
  <sumStat type="invd"/>
  <catgry>
    <labl>contraction</labl>
    <catStat type="vald"/>
  </catgry>
  <catgry>
    <catValu>1</catValu>
    <labl>stable</labl>
    <catStat type="invd"/>
  </catgry>
  <catgry>
    <catValu>2</catValu>
    <labl>growth</labl>
  </catgry>
  <catgry>
    <catValu>8</catValu>
    <labl>don't know</labl>
  </catgry>
</var>
<var ID="V47" name="c_57" files="F1" intrvl="discrete">
  <location StartPos="304" EndPos="304" width="1"/>
  <labl>expectations for the future: area of economic unit</labl>
  <imputation>expectations for the future: area of economic unit</imputation>
  <security>expectations for the future: area of economic unit</security>
  <embargo>expectations for the future: area of economic unit</embargo>
  <respUnit>expectations for the future: area of economic unit</respUnit>
  <sumStat type="vald"/>
  <sumStat type="invd"/>
  <catgry>
    <labl>contraction</labl>
    <catStat type="vald"/>
  </catgry>
  <catgry>
    <catValu>1</catValu>
    <labl>stable</labl>
    <catStat type="invd"/>
  </catgry>
  <catgry>
    <catValu>2</catValu>
    <labl>growth</labl>
  </catgry>
  <catgry>
    <catValu>8</catValu>
    <labl>don't know</labl>
  </catgry>
</var>
<var ID="V48" name="c_58" files="F1" intrvl="discrete">
  <location StartPos="305" EndPos="305" width="1"/>
  <labl>expectations for the future: output</labl>
  <imputation>expectations for the future: output</imputation>
  <security>expectations for the future: output</security>
  <embargo>expectations for the future: output</embargo>
  <respUnit>expectations for the future: output</respUnit>
  <sumStat type="vald"/>
  <sumStat type="invd"/>
  <catgry>
    <labl>contraction</labl>
    <catStat type="vald"/>
  </catgry>
  <catgry>
    <catValu>1</catValu>
    <labl>stable</labl>
    <catStat type="invd"/>
  </catgry>
  <catgry>
    <catValu>2</catValu>
    <labl>growth</labl>
  </catgry>
  <catgry>
    <catValu>8</catValu>
    <labl>don't know</labl>
  </catgry>
</var>
<var ID="V49" name="c_59" files="F1" intrvl="discrete">
  <location StartPos="306" EndPos="306" width="1"/>
  <labl>expectations for the future: assets</labl>
  <imputation>expectations for the future: assets</imputation>
  <security>expectations for the future: assets</security>
  <embargo>expectations for the future: assets</embargo>
  <respUnit>expectations for the future: assets</respUnit>
  <sumStat type="vald"/>
  <sumStat type="invd"/>
  <catgry>
    <labl>contraction</labl>
    <catStat type="vald"/>
  </catgry>
  <catgry>
    <catValu>1</catValu>
    <labl>stable</labl>
    <catStat type="invd"/>
  </catgry>
  <catgry>
    <catValu>2</catValu>
    <labl>growth</labl>
  </catgry>
  <catgry>
    <catValu>8</catValu>
    <labl>don't know</labl>
  </catgry>
</var>
<var ID="V50" name="c_60" files="F1" intrvl="discrete">
  <location StartPos="307" EndPos="307" width="1"/>
  <labl>expectations for the future: acquisition of modern technology</labl>
  <imputation>expectations for the future: acquisition of modern technology</imputation>
  <security>expectations for the future: acquisition of modern technology</security>
  <embargo>expectations for the future: acquisition of modern technology</embargo>
  <respUnit>expectations for the future: acquisition of modern technology</respUnit>
  <sumStat type="vald"/>
  <sumStat type="invd"/>
  <catgry>
    <labl>contraction</labl>
    <catStat type="vald"/>
  </catgry>
  <catgry>
    <catValu>1</catValu>
    <labl>stable</labl>
    <catStat type="invd"/>
  </catgry>
  <catgry>
    <catValu>2</catValu>
    <labl>growth</labl>
  </catgry>
  <catgry>
    <catValu>8</catValu>
    <labl>don't know</labl>
  </catgry>
</var>
<var ID="V51" name="c_61" files="F1" intrvl="discrete">
  <location StartPos="308" EndPos="308" width="1"/>
  <labl>expectations for the future: revenues</labl>
  <imputation>expectations for the future: revenues</imputation>
  <security>expectations for the future: revenues</security>
  <embargo>expectations for the future: revenues</embargo>
  <respUnit>expectations for the future: revenues</respUnit>
  <sumStat type="vald"/>
  <sumStat type="invd"/>
  <catgry>
    <labl>contraction</labl>
    <catStat type="vald"/>
  </catgry>
  <catgry>
    <catValu>1</catValu>
    <labl>stable</labl>
    <catStat type="invd"/>
  </catgry>
  <catgry>
    <catValu>2</catValu>
    <labl>growth</labl>
  </catgry>
  <catgry>
    <catValu>8</catValu>
    <labl>don't know</labl>
  </catgry>
</var>
<var ID="V52" name="c_62" files="F1" intrvl="discrete">
  <location StartPos="309" EndPos="309" width="1"/>
  <labl>expectations for the future: domestic sales</labl>
  <imputation>expectations for the future: domestic sales</imputation>
  <security>expectations for the future: domestic sales</security>
  <embargo>expectations for the future: domestic sales</embargo>
  <respUnit>expectations for the future: domestic sales</respUnit>
  <sumStat type="vald"/>
  <sumStat type="invd"/>
  <catgry>
    <labl>contraction</labl>
    <catStat type="vald"/>
  </catgry>
  <catgry>
    <catValu>1</catValu>
    <labl>stable</labl>
    <catStat type="invd"/>
  </catgry>
  <catgry>
    <catValu>2</catValu>
    <labl>growth</labl>
  </catgry>
  <catgry>
    <catValu>8</catValu>
    <labl>don't know</labl>
  </catgry>
</var>
<var ID="V53" name="c_63" files="F1" intrvl="discrete">
  <location StartPos="310" EndPos="310" width="1"/>
  <labl>expectations for the future: exports</labl>
  <imputation>expectations for the future: exports</imputation>
  <security>expectations for the future: exports</security>
  <embargo>expectations for the future: exports</embargo>
  <respUnit>expectations for the future: exports</respUnit>
  <sumStat type="vald"/>
  <sumStat type="invd"/>
  <catgry>
    <labl>contraction</labl>
    <catStat type="vald"/>
  </catgry>
  <catgry>
    <catValu>1</catValu>
    <labl>stable</labl>
    <catStat type="invd"/>
  </catgry>
  <catgry>
    <catValu>2</catValu>
    <labl>growth</labl>
  </catgry>
  <catgry>
    <catValu>8</catValu>
    <labl>don't know</labl>
  </catgry>
</var>
<var ID="V54" name="c_64" files="F1" intrvl="discrete">
  <location StartPos="311" EndPos="311" width="1"/>
  <labl>expectations for the future: adding new products</labl>
  <imputation>expectations for the future: adding new products</imputation>
  <security>expectations for the future: adding new products</security>
  <embargo>expectations for the future: adding new products</embargo>
  <respUnit>expectations for the future: adding new products</respUnit>
  <sumStat type="vald"/>
  <sumStat type="invd"/>
  <catgry>
    <labl>contraction</labl>
    <catStat type="vald"/>
  </catgry>
  <catgry>
    <catValu>1</catValu>
    <labl>stable</labl>
    <catStat type="invd"/>
  </catgry>
  <catgry>
    <catValu>2</catValu>
    <labl>growth</labl>
  </catgry>
  <catgry>
    <catValu>8</catValu>
    <labl>don't know</labl>
  </catgry>
</var>
</dataDscr></codeBook>
