{"type":"survey","doc_desc":{"title":"NPL_2006_SHDU_v01_M","idno":"DDI_NPL_2006_SHDU_v01_M","producers":[{"name":"Ananda Raj Aryal","abbreviation":"ARA","affiliation":"Central Bureau of Statistics","role":"Documenter"},{"name":"Accelerated Data Program","abbreviation":"ADP","affiliation":"International Household Survey Network","role":"Editing for IHSN Survey Catalog"}],"prod_date":"2010-11-26","version_statement":{"version":"Version 1.0 - Central Bureau of Statistics - Original documentation of the study.\nVersion 2.0 - Edited version by ADP based on Version 1.0 of CBS downloaded from http:\/\/cbs.gov.np\/nada\/index.php\/catalog on 24 April 2013."}},"study_desc":{"title_statement":{"idno":"NPL_2006_SHDU_v01_M","title":"Survey on Hard Drug Users 2006-2007","alt_title":"SHDU 2006-07"},"authoring_entity":[{"name":"Central Bureau of Statistics","affiliation":"National Planning Commission"}],"production_statement":{"funding_agencies":[{"name":"Ministry of Home Affairs","abbreviation":"MOHA","role":"Funding"}]},"distribution_statement":{"contact":[{"name":"Publication, Distribution and Library Section","affiliation":"Central Bureau of Statistics, Nepal","email":"archive@cbs.gov.np","uri":"http:\/\/cbs.gov.np\/?page_id=17"}]},"series_statement":{"series_name":"Socio-Economic\/Monitoring Survey [hh\/sems]"},"version_statement":{"version":"Version 01: Edited dataset for public distribution","version_date":"2007-06"},"study_info":{"topics":[{"topic":"social behaviour and attitudes [13.6]","vocab":"CESSDA","uri":"http:\/\/www.nesstar.org\/rdf\/common"}],"abstract":"Drug abuse has become multi-dimensional problem in Nepal and drug control, a challenge for the government. Lack of reliable information on size and characteristics of drug users was the bottleneck in formulating effective plans\/programs and implementation as well. Considering these facts, the Central Bureau of Statistics upon the request of the Ministry of Home Affairs conducted a survey on hard drug users in Nepal in 2006\/07. \n\nThe main objective of the survey was to estimate the total number of hard drug users in Nepal. The secondary objective was to generate information on the characteristics of drug users, such as: age, sex, education, age at first intake, frequency\/duration of drug use, expenses made on drug etc.","coll_dates":[{"start":"2005-12-17","end":"2006-12-16","cycle":""}],"nation":[{"name":"Nepal","abbreviation":"NPL"}],"geog_coverage":"National\n\nIt is assumed that hard drugs are supplied or available mostly in urban areas and so, urban areas and the vicinity are affected most. Also it is assumed that substance users from rural area, who became dependent, live and wander in urban area and vicinity. However, those who live on medical drugs only and live in rural area may have been out of the survey coverage. So, the survey covered 17 municipalities of the five development regions. Among those municipalities, rehabilitation centres were being operated in 12 municipalities. There was no rehabilitation centre found in rest of the 5 municipalities.","geog_unit":"National","analysis_unit":"Individual","universe":"All the drug users under treatment in any of the rehabilitation center are taken into account of this survey. Other 100 current hard drug users from each spot are also taken into account.","data_kind":"Sample survey data [ssd]","notes":"Men and Women using hard drugs: Age patterns of drug users, Age at first drug intake, Number of years drug intake, Frequency of drug intake per day, Cost for a single dose, Currently attending school\/campuses, Occupational status, Educational status, Marital status, Types of drug ever used, Reasons for drug intake, Sources of drug, Injecting Drug Users (IDUs), Rehabilitation Centre visit, Voice of drug users.","study_scope":"Men and Women using hard drugs: Age patterns of drug users, Age at first drug intake, Number of years drug intake, Frequency of drug intake per day, Cost for a single dose, Currently attending school\/campuses, Occupational status, Educational status, Marital status, Types of drug ever used, Reasons for drug intake, Sources of drug, Injecting Drug Users (IDUs), Rehabilitation Centre visit, Voice of drug users."},"method":{"data_collection":{"data_collectors":[{"name":"Central Bureau of Statistics","abbreviation":"CBS","affiliation":"National Planning Commission"}],"sampling_procedure":"Usual survey methodology (general household\/population survey) is not recommended to estimate the prevalence of hard-to-reach hidden population such as hard drug users, commercial sex workers, homeless people, etc. for some reasons. Sampling frame is not usually available and also very difficult or impossible to construct. Due to the low prevalence rate as compared to the total population, it may require larger sample size and relatively more resources. More importantly, respondents may not be willing to respond because of the sensitivity of the topic itself.\n\nAn alternative approach of estimation technique has to be used to get the most reliable picture of the real situation. For this, we have selected the Multiplier Method of indirect estimation technique. \n\nThe multiplier method has two elements in common: the benchmark and the multiplier.\n\nThe benchmark (B) is the data source that captures the number of hard drug users who are under treatment in the rehabilitation centers in the reference year. The multiplier (M) is an estimate of the proportion of current hard drug users who have experienced the event recorded by the benchmark, i.e. the proportion of such drug users who have been in treatment in the rehabilitation centers in the reference period. This information is obtained independently of the benchmark data. The inverse of that proportion is the multiplier (M), which is an indirect estimate of the proportion of the total population of the hard drug users represented in the benchmark data.\n\nThe prevalence is calculated by multiplying the benchmark by the multiplier (B x M). Hence,\n\nN = B x M = B x (1\/p)\n\nwhere,\nN is the total number of hard drug users,\np is the proportion of the hard drug users who have visited the rehabilitation centers in the reference period.\n\nSample size:\n\nIn each of the selected area, sample size for the interview with current hard drug users were fixed at 100 respondents. This number is derived with following assumptions:\n\nEstimated proportion of drug users visiting rehabilitation centers = 7%\n\nMargin of error in estimation = 5% and \n\nLevel of confidence = 95%\n\nThe total achieved sample size was 1319.","coll_mode":"Face-to-face [f2f]","research_instrument":"The questionnaire for the Hard Drug Users Survey was a structured questionnaire. It includes some demographic characteristics as well as some individual characteristics like sex, age, relationship and other status.","coll_situation":"For the benchmark data, complete listing of all hard drug users under treatment in all rehabilitation centres operated in Nepal within the reference period were collected.\n\nFor the multiplier data, current hard drug users were sampled and interviewed from each of the selected spots within the selected areas.\n\nWith the help of the outreach workers of the rehabilitation centres, it was possible to reach the current hard drug users in the spot and interviewed.\n\nDate of collection was according to Nepali calendar.","act_min":"Interview was conducted by a team of  interviewers (all were experienced CBS central staff). Supervision has been performed by CBS central officers to control the quality of the fieldwork.","weight":"Sample weights were calculated for each of study area. The weight was calculated as the ratio of drug users captured in the rehabilitation centre in the past year to rehabilitation visit rate i.e. number of drug users taken as numerator and rehabilitation centre visit rate taken as denominator. \n\nIn the HDUS 2006\/07 dataset, the weighting coefficient is called WEIGHT.","cleaning_operations":"Data editing was done at a various stages throughout the processing. That included office editing and coding, and structural checking of SPSS data files.","method_notes":"Office editing and coding was performed after the questionnaires were received at Central Bureau of Statistics. Data entry was done on SPSS. Structure checking, verification of data and backup of raw data was also completed."},"analysis_info":{"response_rate":"100 percent","data_appraisal":"Since response rate was 100 percent and non-sampling errors were manged well, no any other action taken to access reliability of the data."}},"data_access":{"dataset_use":{"conf_dec":[{"txt":"Confidentiality of the respondents is guaranteed by Article 8 of Statistics Act 1958.\n\nRestriction on publication of information and details\n\nAny information or details relating to any person, family, firm or company, which have been supplied, obtained or prepared pursuant to Section 3 or Section 4 or Section 5 or Section 6 or Section 7 or any part of such information or details, shall not be disclosed or published directly except to the Director General or to any other officer of the Bureau without the written permission of the person or of his or her authorized representative supplying such information or details.\n\nFor the purpose of institution of any suit under this Act, nothing mentioned in Sub-section (1) shall be deemed to bar the production of such information before any court.","required":"yes","form_no":"","uri":""}],"contact":[{"name":"Director General","affiliation":"Central Bureau of Statistics, Nepal","email":"uttammalla@cbs.gov.np","uri":"http:\/\/cbs.gov.np\/?page_id=17"}],"cit_req":"Use of the dataset must be acknowledged using a citation which would include:\n- the Identification of the Primary Investigator\n- the title of the survey (including country, acronym and year of implementation)\n- the survey reference number\n- the source and date of download\n\nExample:\n\nCentral Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Nepal. Hard Drug Users Survey 2006\/07. Ref. NPL_2006_SHDU_v01_M. Dataset downloaded from http:\/\/cbs.gov.np\/nada\/index.php\/catalog on [date].","conditions":"The dataset has been anonymized and is available as a Public Use Dataset. It is accessible to all users for statistical and research purposes only, under the following terms and conditions:\n1. The data and other materials will not be redistributed or sold to other individuals, institutions, or organizations without the written agreement of the Central Bureau of Statistics.\n2. The data will be used for statistical and scientific research purposes only. They will be used solely for reporting of aggregated information, and not for investigation of specific individuals or organizations. \n3. No attempt will be made to re-identify respondents, and no use will be made of the identity of any person or establishment discovered inadvertently. Any such discovery would immediately be reported to the CBS. \n4. No attempt will be made to produce links among datasets provided by the CBS or among data from the CBS and other datasets that could identify individuals or organizations. \n5. Any books, articles, conference papers, theses, dissertations, reports, or other publications that employ data obtained from the CBS will cite the source of data in accordance with the Citation Requirement provided with each dataset. \n6. An electronic copy of all reports and publications based on the requested data will be sent to the CBS.","disclaimer":"The Central Bureau of Statistics, Nepal bears no responsibility for any outcomes or for interpretations or inferences arising from the use of the dataset."}}},"data_files":[{"file_id":"F1","file_name":"HDUS in Nepal 2006","description":"The file contains data related to estimate the total number of hard drug users in Nepal and generate information on the characteristics of drug users, such as: age, sex, education, age at first intake, frequency\/duration of drug use, expenses made on drug, etc.","case_count":"0","var_count":"49","producer":null,"data_checks":null,"missing_data":null,"version":null,"notes":null}],"variables":[{"vid":"V1","name":"quesid","file_id":"F1","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"1","var_end_pos":"4","var_width":"4","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"Questionaire ID","var_qstn_qstnlit":"Questionaire ID","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"1","max":"1331"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"0","type":"vald"},{"value":"0","type":"invd"}],"var_txt":"Person who intakes opiates and chemical substances like Cocaine, Heroin, LSD, Morphine, Buprenorphine etc. is\ndefined as hard drug users in this survey. 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