DDI_ETH_2008_DTS_v01_M Central Statistical Agency of Ethiopia Accelerated Data Program 2011-04-12 NADA Version 02 (October 2013). Edited version based on Version 01 DDI (DDI_ETH_2008_DSTS_v01_M) that was done by Central Statistical Agency, Ethiopia and reviewed by Accelerated Data Program, International Household Survey Network. Distributive and Service Trade Survey 2008-2009 (2001 E.C) DTS 2008-09 ETH_2008_DTS_v01_M Central Statistical Agency NADA Government of Ethiopia Data Administrator World Bank Microdata Library Enterprise Survey [en/oth] This is the third Distributive and Service Trade Survey conducted by Central Statistical Agency (CSA) of Ethiopia. The first and second DTS were conducted in 2001 and 2003. v01: This version of the metadata contains final cleaned dataset that used to produce the 2008-2009 (2001 E.C) Distributive and Service Trade Survey Trade Services Financial sector Financial Sector The Central Statistical Agency (CSA) has provided statistical information on the country’s distributive trade for the third time to alert policy interventionists on the changes taking place in this sector. As part of this task, this third sample survey of distributive trade for 2008/09 (2001 E.C) was conducted to provide data on number of enterprises involved, magnitude of income, employment, value added, and other items of interest for the specified year. Unlike its predecessors, the third survey excludes the service trade as per the guidance of the International Recommendations for Distributive Trade Statistics, 2008, United Nations which recommends the service trade be dealt with separately. Thus, in this survey, distributive trade corresponds to the wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motor cycles only. It includes the sale, maintenance and repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles; wholesale trade and commission trade, except of motor vehicles and motorcycles, and retail trade, except of motor vehicles and motorcycles. Ethiopia The 2010 distributive trade survey covered only urban parts of the country. Fifteen major urban centres (regional capitals and other major towns) and 106 other towns were covered in the survey. Enterprise (Distributive and Service Trade) All wholesale trade enterprises found in the sampled EA were covered by the survey where as 10 retail trade enterprises and 10 Motor vehicle repair & maintenance enterprises were covered in each sampled EA. Sample survey data [ssd] The scope of distributive trade defined in this survey is wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motor cycles. The range of data items that the 2008/09 (2001 E.C) distributive trade sample survey comprises number of enterprises involved, employment, income obtained, volume of trade, distribution of enterprises in the regions and major towns of the country, the investment situation, and others within the distributive trade sector. Sample design The urban areas of the country were divided into two broad categories. Regional capitals and big towns constitute one category where as other towns in the regions constitute the second category. The frame compiled from the 2009 small scale manufacturing survey and list of EAs from population census is used as a frame for this survey. Category one (regional capitals and big towns) This category consists of eleven regional capitals and four towns of the country. Each of them is considered to be the survey domain (reporting level) for which separate results are reported. Capitals and big towns included in this category are: 1. Mekele 2. Asayita 3. Bahirdar 4. Nazreth 5. Jijiga 6. Asosa 7. Awasa 8. Gambela 9. Harar 10. Addis Ababa 11. Dire Dawa 12. Gonder 13. Dese 14. Jimma 15. Debre Zeit For this category a three-stage stratified cluster sample design is used to select the samples in which the primary sampling units (PSUs) are the kebeles which are selected using systematic probability proportional to size sampling; size being number of trade enterprises obtained from the 2009 small scale industry survey. The secondary sampling units (SSUs) are the enumeration areas (EAs). EAs are selected by simple random sampling. Finally, at the third stage, establishments are selected systematically. Category two (other towns) This catagory consists of eight domains (reporting levels) of other towns that are not included in the first group, namely, 1. Tigray other towns 2. Afar other towns 3. Amhara other towns 4. Oromia other towns 5. Somali other towns 6. Benishangul-Gumuz other towns 7. SNNPR other towns 8. Gambella other towns Three-stage stratified cluster sample design is adopted to select the sample from domains in category two. The PSUs are urban centers and they are selected using systematic probability proportional to size sampling; size being number of trade enterprises obtained from the 2009 small scale industry survey. The secondary sampling units are EAs that are selected using simple random sampling (SRS) method and the ultimate sampling units are the trade enterprises. In addition to the above categories survey results are produced for each regional capital, big towns, and other towns by combining the two categories in the region. Totally 591 enumeration areas were planned to be covered in the survey and one EA was not covered for certain reasons. Thus, the survey succeeded to cover 590 EAS. Face-to-face [f2f] The Distributive and Service Trade Establishments Survey questionnaire contains the following section (parts): Section 1: Identification particulars of the distributive/service trade establishment : This section has variables that use to identify each questionnaire uniquely. Section 2: Basic information of the establishment: This section contains variables that have basic information about the establishments like, type of sector, type of ownership, number of owners by sex, aabout the establishment's book of accounts, etc... Section 3.1: Employment in the Enterprise Section 4.1: Salaries, wages, and other benefits paid to the enterprise's employees Section 4.2: Expenditure on Commodities Purchased for Sale Section 4.3: Miscellaneous Expenses section 4.4: Investment by Source of Fund section 4.5: Payable and Receivable Money Section 5: Fixed Assets of the Enterprise . Section 6.Value of Stock Section 7.1. Sales Revenue Section 7.2. Miscellaneous Revenue Section 8: Supplementary Information Method of Data Collection The distributive trade data for the year 2008/09(2001 E.C) was collected from enterprises in urban centres by interviewing the selected enterprises and recording the data to obtain the required information on activities of distributive trade. The data obtained were recorded in a set of forms designed for this purpose. For this purpose an enumerator was assigned to a randomly selected enumeration area (EA) to list the entire housing units consisting of enterprises and households with the help of an EA map which was prepared for the 2007 Population and Housing Census and later updated to include changes that occurred since the census. In order to identify the enterprises engaged in distributive trade activity to be surveyed, the following tasks were performed in the order they appear. i) All housing units (dwelling and non dwelling) were listed. ii) Among the housing units listed only those conducting distributive trade activity (enterprises) were screened out. iii) The screened enterprises were then categorized into three groups namely, wholesale trade, retail trade, and Motor vehicles and motorcycles sales and repair. The reference year for the survey was 2008/09 (2001 E.C) despite the fact that the survey was conducted in April, 2009/10 (2002 E.C). All CSA Branch Statistical Office were involved in this survey. Accordingly, 25 statisticians from branch offices, 272 field supervising on the average 5 enumerators depending on the extent of the area to be covered and 1007 enumerators (including reserve enumerators) were participated in the survey. Supervisors did the listing and data collection activity in the rural areas. Editing, Coding and Verification Statistical data editing plays an important role in ensuring the quality of the collected survey data. It minimizes the effects of errors introduced while collecting data in the field, hence the need for data editing, coding and verification. Although coding and editing are done by the enumerators and supervisors in the field, respectively, verification of this task is also done at the Head Office comprehensively. An editing, coding and verification instruction manual was prepared and reproduced for this purpose. Then 30 editors-coders and verifiers were trained for one day in editing, coding and verification using the aforementioned manual as a reference and teaching aid. The completed questionnaires were edited, coded and later verified on a 100 % basis before the questionnaires were passed over to the data entry unit. The editing, coding and verification exercise of all questionnaires took 20 days. Estimation of sampling error can be found in Appendix II of the report. Central Statistical Agency of Ethiopia "Central Statistical Authority of Ethiopia (CSA), Distributive and Service Trade Survey 2008-2009 (DST 2008), provided by the National Data Archive. http://www.csa.gov.et" The Central Statistical Agency (CSA) is committed to achieving excellence in the provision of timely, reliable and affordable official statistics for informed decision making in order to maximize the welfare of all Ethiopians. This is achieved through the collection and analysis of censuses, surveys and the use of administrative data as well as the dissemination a range of statistical products and providing assistance and services to users. A microdata dissemination policy is established by CSA to address the conditions and the manner in which anonymized microdata files may be released to users for research purposes. It also strives to identify the different levels of anonymization for different categories of data use. This policy is available at CSA website (www.csa.gov.et <http://www.csa.gov.et>). CSA will release microdata files for use by researchers for scientific research purposes when: The Director General is satisfied that all reasonable steps have been taken to prevent the identification of individual respondents The release of the data will substantially enhance the analytic value of the data that have been collected For all but purely public files, researchers disclose the nature and objectives of their intended research, It can be demonstrated that there are no credible alternative sources for these data, and The researchers have signed an appropriate undertaking. Terms and conditions of use of public data files are the following: The data and other materials provided by CSA will not be redistributed or sold to other individuals, institutions, or organizations without the written agreement of CSA. The data will be used for statistical and scientific research purposes only. They will be used solely for reporting of aggregated information, and not for investigation of specific individuals or organizations. No attempt will be made to re-identify respondents, and no use will be made of the identity of any person or establishment discovered inadvertently. Any such discovery would immediately be reported to the CSA. No attempt will be made to produce links among datasets provided by CSA, or among data from the CSA and other datasets that could identify individuals or organizations. Any books, articles, conference papers, theses, dissertations, reports, or other publications that employ data obtained from CSA will cite the source of data in accordance with the Citation Requirement provided with each dataset. An electronic copy of all reports and publications based on the requested data will be sent to CSA. The original collector of the data, CSA, and the relevant funding agencies bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses. Cost Recovery Policy: It is the policy of CSA to encourage broad use of its products by making them affordable for users. Accordingly, CSA attempts to ensure that the costs of creating anonymized microdata files are built-in to the survey budget. At the same time, CSA attempts to recover costs associated with the provisions of special services that benefit only a specific group. Information on the price of each dataset is available at CSA website (www.csa.gov.et <http://www.csa.gov.et>). The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses. Distributive Trade 2008-09 (2001E.F) All data from DSTS 2008 0 77 Region Region Region Region Region Region 1 1. TIGRAY 2 2. AFAR 3 3. AMHARA 4 4. OROMIA 5 5. SOMALIE 6 6. BENSHANGUL 7 7. S.N.N.P.R. 12 12.GAMBELA 13 13.HARARI 14 14.ADDIS ABABA 15 15.DIRE DAWA Zone Zone Zone Zone Zone Zone Wereda Wereda Wereda Wereda Wereda Wereda Town Town Town Town Town Town Sub City Sub City Sub City Sub City Sub City Sub City Kebele Kebele Kebele Kebele Kebele Kebele Enumeration Area Enumeration Area Enumeration Area Enumeration Area Enumeration Area Enumeration Area House Number House Number House Number House Number House Number House Number Enterprise Serial Number Enterprise Serial Number Enterprise Serial Number Enterprise Serial Number Enterprise Serial Number Enterprise Serial Number Selection Number Selection Number Selection Number Selection Number Selection Number Selection Number Type of enterprise Type of enterprise Type of enterprise Type of enterprise Type of enterprise Type of enterprise 1 Wholesale trade 2 Retail trade 3 Motor vehicles, motor cycles sales &maintenance Type of wholesale trade enterprise Type of wholesale trade enterprise Type of wholesale trade enterprise Type of wholesale trade enterprise Type of wholesale trade enterprise Type of wholesale trade enterprise 1 Domestic wholesale 2 Export 3 Import 4 Export & Import 5 Others The First major commodities (in terms of value) that is sold by the enterprise The First major commodities (in terms of value) that is sold by the enterprise The First major commodities (in terms of value) that is sold by the enterprise The First major commodities (in terms of value) that is sold by the enterprise The First major commodities (in terms of value) that is sold by the enterprise The First major commodities (in terms of value) that is sold by the enterprise 4510 Motor vehicle sales 4520 Motor vehicle maintenance 4530 Motor vehicle spare parts sales 4540 Motor cycles sales & maintenance 4550 Others 4610 Wholesale agents and brokers except for motor vehicles 4620 Agricultural raw materials and live animals 4630 Food, beverages, and tobacco 4631 Chat 4641 Textile, clothing, and footwear 4649 Other household goods 4651 Computers, computer peripheral equipment and software 4652 Electronic, and telecommunications equipment and parts 4653 Agricultural machinery, equipment and supplies 4659 Other machinery and equipment 4661 Solid, liquid, gaseous fuels and related products 4662 Metals and metal ores 4663 Construction materials,hardware,plumbing & heating equipment 4669 Waste and scrap and other products n.e.c. 4670 Others 4721 Food 4722 Beverages 4723 Tobacco 4724 Chat 4730 Automotive fuel 4741 Computers,peripheral units,software,& telecommunication equi 4742 Audio and video 4751 Textile 4752 Hardware, paints, and glass 4753 Carpets, Rugs, wall, and floor coverings 4759 Electrical household appliances, furniture, lighting equipme 4761 Books, newspapers, and stationery 4762 Music and video recordings 4763 Sporting equipment 4764 Games and toys 4771 Clothing, footwear, and leather articles 4772 Pharmaceutical and medical goods,cosmetic and toilet article 4773 Others not included in the above two 4774 Second hand goods 4775 Others Form of proprietorship Form of proprietorship Form of proprietorship Form of proprietorship Form of proprietorship Form of proprietorship 1 Individual ownership 2 Partnership 3 Share company 4 Private limited company 5 Government owned 6 Cooperative ownership 7 Others If enterprise is individually owned, sex of owner If enterprise is individually owned, sex of owner If enterprise is individually owned, sex of owner If enterprise is individually owned, sex of owner If enterprise is individually owned, sex of owner If enterprise is individually owned, sex of owner 1 Male 2 Female Does the enterprise keep book of accounts? Does the enterprise keep book of accounts? Does the enterprise keep book of accounts? Does the enterprise keep book of accounts? Does the enterprise keep book of accounts? Does the enterprise keep book of accounts? 1 Complete book of accounts 2 Incomplete book of accounts 3 No book of accounts How long has the enterprise been operational (Years)? How long has the enterprise been operational (Years)? How long has the enterprise been operational (Years)? How long has the enterprise been operational (Years)? How long has the enterprise been operational (Years)? How long has the enterprise been operational (Years)? How long has the enterprise been operational(Months)? How long has the enterprise been operational(Months)? How long has the enterprise been operational(Months)? How long has the enterprise been operational(Months)? How long has the enterprise been operational(Months)? How long has the enterprise been operational(Months)? How many days has the enterprise been operational for? How many days has the enterprise been operational for? How many days has the enterprise been operational for? How many days has the enterprise been operational for? How many days has the enterprise been operational for? How many days has the enterprise been operational for? If enterprise was not operational for a certain period during the survey year, one major reason for operation If enterprise was not operational for a certain period during the survey year, one major reason for operation If enterprise was not operational for a certain period during the survey year, one major reason for operation If enterprise was not operational for a certain period during the survey year, one major reason for operation If enterprise was not operational for a certain period during the survey year, one major reason for operation If enterprise was not operational for a certain period during the survey year, one major reason for operation 1 Delay in operation 2 Shortage of commodities 3 No market 4 Shortage of capital 5 Restrictions of government rules and regulations 6 Seasonality of the business 7 Family problems 8 Others What was the Initial capital (in Birr) of the enterprise? What was the Initial capital (in Birr) of the enterprise? What was the Initial capital (in Birr) of the enterprise? What was the Initial capital (in Birr) of the enterprise? What was the Initial capital (in Birr) of the enterprise? What was the Initial capital (in Birr) of the enterprise? Ownership of capital of the enterprise by nationality Ownership of capital of the enterprise by nationality Ownership of capital of the enterprise by nationality Ownership of capital of the enterprise by nationality Ownership of capital of the enterprise by nationality Ownership of capital of the enterprise by nationality 1 All Ethiopians 2 51% and above Ethiopians 3 51% and above foreigners 4 All foreigners 5 Others Weight Weight Weight Weight Weight Weight Prate Prate Prate Prate Prate Prate Job Classification Job Classification Job Classification Job Classification Job Classification Job Classification 1 Unpaid family members, proprietors, and partners working 2 Unpaid apprentices 3 Administrative,technical,clerical personnel & office works 4 Permanent employees directly involved in distributive trade 5 Paid apprentices 6 Temporary workers 7 Total number of workers Ethiopians Male Ethiopians Male Ethiopians Male Ethiopians Male Ethiopians Male Ethiopians Male Ethiopians Female Ethiopians Female Ethiopians Female Ethiopians Female Ethiopians Female Ethiopians Female Foreigners Male Foreigners Male Foreigners Male Foreigners Male Foreigners Male Foreigners Male Foreigners Female Foreigners Female Foreigners Female Foreigners Female Foreigners Female Foreigners Female Person per Month Person per Month Person per Month Person per Month Person per Month Person per Month Names of major Commodities and Code Names of major Commodities and Code Names of major Commodities and Code Names of major Commodities and Code Names of major Commodities and Code Names of major Commodities and Code 4510 Motor vehicle sales 4520 Motor vehicle maintenance 4530 Motor vehicle spare parts sales 4540 Motor cycles sales & maintenance 4550 Others (for Motor Vehicle and Maintenance) 4610 Wholesale agents and brokers except for motor vehicles 4620 Agricultural raw materials and live animals 4630 Food, beverages, and tobacco 4631 Chat 4641 Textile, clothing, and footwear 4649 Other household goods 4651 Computers, computer peripheral equipment and software 4652 Electronic, and telecommunications equipment and parts 4653 Agricultural machinery, equipment and supplies 4659 Other machinery and equipment 4661 Solid, liquid, gaseous fuels and related products 4662 Metals and metal ores 4663 Construction materials, hardware, plumbing and heating equip 4669 Waste and scrap and other products n.e.c. 4670 Others (for Wholesale) 4721 Food 4722 Beverages 4723 Tobacco 4724 Chat 4730 Automotive fuel 4741 Computers, peripheral units, software, and telecommunication 4742 Audio and video 4751 Textile 4752 Hardware, paints, and glass 4753 Carpets, Rugs, wall, and floor coverings 4759 Electrical household appliances, furniture, lighting equipme 4761 Books, newspapers, and stationery 4762 Music and video recordings 4763 Sporting equipment 4764 Games and toys 4771 Clothing, footwear, and leather articles 4772 Pharmaceutical and medical goods,cosmetic and toilet article 4773 Others not included in the above two 4774 Second hand goods 4775 Others (for Retail) Exporter ,Importer & Wholesaler Exporter ,Importer & Wholesaler Exporter ,Importer & Wholesaler Exporter ,Importer & Wholesaler Exporter ,Importer & Wholesaler Exporter ,Importer & Wholesaler Manufacturer Manufacturer Manufacturer Manufacturer Manufacturer Manufacturer Other Other Other Other Other Other Total Total Total Total Total Total Period of Expenditure in months Period of Expenditure in months Period of Expenditure in months Period of Expenditure in months Period of Expenditure in months Period of Expenditure in months Type of fixed assets Type of fixed assets Type of fixed assets Type of fixed assets Type of fixed assets Type of fixed assets 1 Housing/buildings 2 Other construction works 3 Vehicles 4 Machines/implements etc. 5 Office furniture and the likes 6 Total Value in the beginning of year Value in the beginning of year Value in the beginning of year Value in the beginning of year Value in the beginning of year Value in the beginning of year Investment in fixed assets Investment in fixed assets Investment in fixed assets Investment in fixed assets Investment in fixed assets Investment in fixed assets Sold and disposed fixed assets Sold and disposed fixed assets Sold and disposed fixed assets Sold and disposed fixed assets Sold and disposed fixed assets Sold and disposed fixed assets Depreciation Depreciation Depreciation Depreciation Depreciation Depreciation Net value of fixed assets Net value of fixed assets Net value of fixed assets Net value of fixed assets Net value of fixed assets Net value of fixed assets Source of fund Source of fund Source of fund Source of fund Source of fund Source of fund 1 Domestic (serial Number 2+3+4) 2 Own 3 Bank loan 4 Others 5 Foreign 6 Total Fixed assets Fixed assets Fixed assets Fixed assets Fixed assets Fixed assets Working capital Working capital Working capital Working capital Working capital Working capital Total Total Total Total Total Total Expenditure Type Expenditure Type Expenditure Type Expenditure Type Expenditure Type Expenditure Type 1 Electricity bill 2 Energy bill (wood, charcoal, etc.) 3 Water 4 Minor repair and maintenance 5 House rent 6 Machinery &other durable property rent 7 Advertisement 8 Stationery and packaging material 9 Telephone, post, telex, etc. 10 Accounting, auditing, and legal service 11 Transportation 12 Insurance / premium 13 Commission paid 14 Bank service charge 15 Miscellaneous expenses 16 Total expenditure / serial number 1 - 15/ 17 Interest paid 18 Own consumption not paid for 19 Money paid in fines 20 Other expenditure / licenses, etc. 21 Total / serial number 17-20/ 22 Grand Total / serial number 16 and 21/ 23 Income tax on profit 24 Dividends paid to share holders 25 Indirect taxes Expenditure in Birr Expenditure in Birr Expenditure in Birr Expenditure in Birr Expenditure in Birr Expenditure in Birr Period expenditure in Months Period expenditure in Months Period expenditure in Months Period expenditure in Months Period expenditure in Months Period expenditure in Months Type of Revenue Type of Revenue Type of Revenue Type of Revenue Type of Revenue Type of Revenue 1 Interest 2 Commission 3 Income from renting 4 Share income 5 Revenue obtained from insurance 6 Others 7 Total 8 Aid from donors 9 Total(of donors aid) Revenue in Birr Revenue in Birr Revenue in Birr Revenue in Birr Revenue in Birr Revenue in Birr Period of revenue in months Period of revenue in months Period of revenue in months Period of revenue in months Period of revenue in months Period of revenue in months Debt / credit items Debt / credit items Debt / credit items Debt / credit items Debt / credit items Debt / credit items 1 Payable debt 2 Receivable Beginning of year in Birr Beginning of year in Birr Beginning of year in Birr Beginning of year in Birr Beginning of year in Birr Beginning of year in Birr End of year in Birr End of year in Birr End of year in Birr End of year in Birr End of year in Birr End of year in Birr Job classification Job classification Job classification Job classification Job classification Job classification 1 Paid apprentices 2 Administrative,technical,clerical personnel & office work 3 Permanent employees directly involved in distributive trade 4 Temporary workers 5 Total Total gross salaries and wages paid during the survey year Total gross salaries and wages paid during the survey year Total gross salaries and wages paid during the survey year Total gross salaries and wages paid during the survey year Total gross salaries and wages paid during the survey year Total gross salaries and wages paid during the survey year Commissions,bonuses,allownces excluding per diem and fuel allownce Commissions,bonuses,allownces excluding per diem and fuel allownce Commissions,bonuses,allownces excluding per diem and fuel allownce Commissions,bonuses,allownces excluding per diem and fuel allownce Commissions,bonuses,allownces excluding per diem and fuel allownce Commissions,bonuses,allownces excluding per diem and fuel allownce Food & house Allowances, education, medical, and other fees paid to workers Food & house Allowances, education, medical, and other fees paid to workers Food & house Allowances, education, medical, and other fees paid to workers Food & house Allowances, education, medical, and other fees paid to workers Food & house Allowances, education, medical, and other fees paid to workers Food & house Allowances, education, medical, and other fees paid to workers Pension and insurance Pension and insurance Pension and insurance Pension and insurance Pension and insurance Pension and insurance Number od shifts Number od shifts Number od shifts Number od shifts Number od shifts Number od shifts Hours worked per day Hours worked per day Hours worked per day Hours worked per day Hours worked per day Hours worked per day Months Months Months Months Months Months Number of workers in a shift Number of workers in a shift Number of workers in a shift Number of workers in a shift Number of workers in a shift Number of workers in a shift Type of commodities sold(and Code) Type of commodities sold(and Code) Type of commodities sold(and Code) Type of commodities sold(and Code) Type of commodities sold(and Code) 4510 Motor vehicle sales 4520 Motor vehicle maintenance 4530 Motor vehicle spare parts sales 4540 Motor cycles sales & maintenance 4550 Others (for Motor Vehicle and Maintenance) 4610 Wholesale agents and brokers except for motor vehicles 4620 Agricultural raw materials and live animals 4630 Food, beverages, and tobacco 4631 Chat 4641 Textile, clothing, and footwear 4649 Other household goods 4651 Computers, computer peripheral equipment and software 4652 Electronic, and telecommunications equipment and parts 4653 Agricultural machinery, equipment and supplies 4659 Other machinery and equipment 4661 Solid, liquid, gaseous fuels and related products 4662 Metals and metal ores 4663 Construction materials, hardware, plumbing and heating equip 4669 Waste and scrap and other products n.e.c. 4670 Others (for Wholesale) 4721 Food 4722 Beverages 4723 Tobacco 4724 Chat 4730 Automotive fuel 4741 Computers, peripheral units, software, and telecommunication 4742 Audio and video 4751 Textile 4752 Hardware, paints, and glass 4753 Carpets, Rugs, wall, and floor coverings 4759 Electrical household appliances, furniture, lighting equipme 4761 Books, newspapers, and stationery 4762 Music and video recordings 4763 Sporting equipment 4764 Games and toys 4771 Clothing, footwear, and leather articles 4772 Pharmaceutical and medical goods,cosmetic and toilet article 4773 Others not included in the above two 4774 Second hand goods 4775 Others (for Retail) Revenue in Birr Revenue in Birr Revenue in Birr Revenue in Birr Revenue in Birr Revenue in Birr Period of revenue in Months Period of revenue in Months Period of revenue in Months Period of revenue in Months Period of revenue in Months Period of revenue in Months The major problem encountered while launching the business The major problem encountered while launching the business The major problem encountered while launching the business The major problem encountered while launching the business The major problem encountered while launching the business The major problem encountered while launching the business 1 Lack of working space/housing problem 2 Unavailability of commodities 3 Lack of information / advisory service 4 Increasing prices of commodities 5 Restriction of government rules and regulations 6 Lack of skill 7 Shortage of capital 8 Absence of loan services 9 No problems encountered 10 Others Tthe major problem encountered while running the business in 2001 E.F.Y Tthe major problem encountered while running the business in 2001 E.F.Y Tthe major problem encountered while running the business in 2001 E.F.Y Tthe major problem encountered while running the business in 2001 E.F.Y Tthe major problem encountered while running the business in 2001 E.F.Y Tthe major problem encountered while running the business in 2001 E.F.Y 1 Lack of skill 2 Labour union problems 3 Lack of information , advisory service 4 Problems posed by government functionaries 5 Shortage of working capital 6 Ambiguity of rules and regulations 7 Not profitable 8 Limited marketability 9 Lack of working space/housing problem 10 Limitation on mobility 11 Problems with obtaining work permit 12 Cultural influence 13 Limited capacity of running the business 14 Shortage of commodities 15 Others 16 No problems Does the enterprise have any plan of changing the current business? Does the enterprise have any plan of changing the current business? Does the enterprise have any plan of changing the current business? Does the enterprise have any plan of changing the current business? Does the enterprise have any plan of changing the current business? Does the enterprise have any plan of changing the current business? 1 Yes 2 No 3 I don't know If the answer to question number 3 is 1, What is the major reason for changing If the answer to question number 3 is 1, What is the major reason for changing If the answer to question number 3 is 1, What is the major reason for changing If the answer to question number 3 is 1, What is the major reason for changing If the answer to question number 3 is 1, What is the major reason for changing If the answer to question number 3 is 1, What is the major reason for changing 1 To change to a better sphere of activity 2 The current business is not profitable 3 Shortage of customers 4 Inconvenient location of the business 5 Others The major problem encountered by the enterprise to expand its business The major problem encountered by the enterprise to expand its business The major problem encountered by the enterprise to expand its business The major problem encountered by the enterprise to expand its business The major problem encountered by the enterprise to expand its business The major problem encountered by the enterprise to expand its business 1 No problems 2 Excessive tax 3 Restrictions of government rules and regulations 4 Unfair competition among big enterprises 5 Competition among small enterprises 6 Shortage of commodity supplies 7 Lack of working space/housing problem 8 Lack of working machines/instruments 9 Shortage of working capital 10 Unavailability of loans 11 Shortage of markets 12 Others How can the government offer help in running the business? How can the government offer help in running the business? How can the government offer help in running the business? How can the government offer help in running the business? How can the government offer help in running the business? How can the government offer help in running the business? 1 Provision of working space 2 Provision of house to rent 3 Facilitating the availability of markets 4 Facilitating the availability of loans 5 Issuing rules and regulations that encourage businesses 6 Facilitating the availability of commodities and services 7 Provision of technical training 8 Provision of training in accounting and trade businesses 9 Others Stock Items Stock Items Stock Items Stock Items Stock Items Stock Items 1 Commodities purchased for sale 2 Other stocks (fuel, packaging material, etc.) 3 Total Value in the Beginning of year Value in the Beginning of year Value in the Beginning of year Value in the Beginning of year Value in the Beginning of year Value in the Beginning of year Value in the end year Value in the end year Value in the end year Value in the end year Value in the end year Value in the end year Difference Difference Difference Difference Difference Difference