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The Enterprise Surveys are an ongoing World Bank project in collecting both objective data based on firms' experiences and enterprises' perception of the environment in which they operate. \n\nAn Enterprise Survey is a firm-level survey of a representative sample of an economy's private sector. Firm-level surveys have been conducted since 1998 by different units within the World Bank. Since 2005-2006, most data collection efforts have been centralized within the Enterprise Analysis Unit. The Enterprise Surveys are conducted across all geographic regions and cover small, medium, and large companies. The surveys are administered to a representative sample of firms in the non-agricultural formal private economy. Data are used to create indicators that benchmark the quality of the business and investment climate across countries."},"version_statement":{"version":"v01, edited, anonymous dataset for public distribution"},"study_info":{"abstract":"The survey was conducted in Papua New Guinea from August 2015 to June 2016 as part of Enterprise Surveys project, an initiative of the World Bank. The objective of the survey is to obtain feedback from enterprises on the state of the private sector as well as to help in building a panel of enterprise data that will make it possible to track changes in the business environment over time, thus allowing, for example, impact assessments of reforms. Through interviews with firms in the manufacturing and services sectors, the survey assesses the constraints to private sector growth and creates statistically significant business environment indicators that are comparable across countries. Only registered businesses are surveyed in the Enterprise Survey. \n\nData from 65 establishments was analyzed. Stratified random sampling was used to select the surveyed businesses. The data was collected using face-to-face interviews.\n\nThe standard Enterprise Survey topics include firm characteristics, gender participation, access to finance, annual sales, costs of inputs and labor, workforce composition, bribery, licensing, infrastructure, trade, crime, competition, capacity utilization, land and permits, taxation, informality, business-government relations, innovation and technology, and performance measures. Over 90 percent of the questions objectively ascertain characteristics of a country\u2019s business environment. The remaining questions assess the survey respondents\u2019 opinions on what are the obstacles to firm growth and performance.","coll_dates":[{"start":"2015-08","end":"2016-06","cycle":""}],"nation":[{"name":"Papua New Guinea","abbreviation":"PNG"}],"geog_coverage":"Lae, Port Moresby","geog_unit":"Regions covered are selected based on the number of establishments, contribution to employment, and value added. In most cases these regions are metropolitan areas and reflect the largest centers of economic activity in a country.","analysis_unit":"The primary sampling unit of the study is an establishment. The establishment is a physical location where business is carried out and where industrial operations take place or services are provided. A firm may be composed of one or more establishments. For example, a brewery may have several bottling plants and several establishments for distribution. For the purposes of this survey an establishment must make its own financial decisions and have its own financial statements separate from those of the firm. An establishment must also have its own management and control over its payroll.","universe":"The whole population, or the universe, covered in the Enterprise Surveys is the non-agricultural private economy. It comprises: all manufacturing sectors according to the ISIC Revision 3.1 group classification (group D), construction sector (group F), services sector (groups G and H), and transport, storage, and communications sector (group I). Note that this population definition excludes the following sectors: financial intermediation (group J), real estate and renting activities (group K, except sub-sector 72, IT, which was added to the population under study), and all public or utilities sectors. Companies with 100% government ownership are not eligible to participate in the Enterprise Surveys.","data_kind":"Sample survey data [ssd]","notes":"The scope of the study includes:\n- characteristics of establishment;\n- infrastructure and services;\n- sales and supplies;\n- degree of competition;\n- capacity;\n- land and permits;\n- innovation;\n- crime;\n- finance;\n- business-government relations;\n- labor;\n- business environment;\n- performance.","study_scope":"The scope of the study includes:\n- characteristics of establishment;\n- infrastructure and services;\n- sales and supplies;\n- degree of competition;\n- capacity;\n- land and permits;\n- innovation;\n- crime;\n- finance;\n- business-government relations;\n- labor;\n- business environment;\n- performance."},"method":{"data_collection":{"sampling_procedure":"Three levels of stratification were used in this country: industry, establishment size, and region. \n\nIndustry stratification was designed in the way that follows: the universe was stratified into Manufacturing industries (ISIC Rev. 3.1 codes 15 - 37), and Services industries (ISIC codes 45, 50-52, 55, 60-64, and 72). \n\nSize stratification was defined as follows: small (5 to 19 employees), medium (20 to 99 employees), and large (100 or more employees). \n\nRegional stratification was done across these regions: Lae and Port Moresby.","coll_mode":"Face-to-face [f2f]","research_instrument":"The following survey instruments are available:\n- Manufacturing Module Questionnaire \n- Services Module Questionnaire\n\nQuestionnaires have common questions (core module) and respectfully additional manufacturing and services specific questions. \n\nThe eligible manufacturing industries have been surveyed using the Manufacturing questionnaire (includes the core module, plus manufacturing specific questions). Retail firms have been interviewed using the Services questionnaire (includes the core module plus retail specific questions) and the residual eligible services have been covered using the Services questionnaire (includes the core module). Each variation of the questionnaire is identified by the index variable, a0. \n\nThe survey is fielded via manufacturing or services questionnaires in order not to ask questions that are irrelevant to specific types of firms, e.g. a question that relates to production and nonproduction workers should not be asked of a retail firm. In addition to questions that are asked across countries, all surveys are customized and contain country-specific questions. An example of customization would be including tourism-related questions that are asked in certain countries when tourism is an existing or potential sector of economic growth.","coll_situation":"Private contractors conduct the Enterprise Surveys on behalf of the World Bank. Due to sensitive survey questions addressing business-government relations and corruption-related topics, private contractors are preferred over any government agency or an organization\/institution associated with government, and are hired by the World Bank to collect the data.\n\nThe Enterprise Surveys are usually implemented following a two-stage procedure. In the first stage, a screener questionnaire is applied over the phone to determine eligibility and to make appointments; in the second stage, a face-to-face interview takes place with the manager, owner or director of each establishment. In some cases, when the phone numbers were unavailable in the sample frame, the enumerators applied the screeners in person.","weight":"For some units it was impossible to determine eligibility because the contact was not successfully completed. Consequently, different assumptions as to their eligibility result in different universe cells' adjustments and in different sampling weights. Three sets of assumptions were considered:\n\na- Strict assumption: eligible establishments are only those for which it was possible to directly determine eligibility. \n\nb- Median assumption: eligible establishments are those for which it was possible to directly determine eligibility and those that rejected the screener questionnaire or an answering machine or fax was the only response. Median weights are used for computing indicators on the www.enterprisesurveys.org website.\n\nc- Weak assumption: in addition to the establishments included in points a and b, all establishments for which it was not possible to finalize a contact are assumed eligible. This includes establishments with dead or out of service phone lines, establishments that never answered the phone, and establishments with incorrect addresses for which it was impossible to find a new address. Note that under the weak assumption only observed non-eligible units are excluded from universe projections.","cleaning_operations":"Data entry and quality controls are implemented by the contractor and data is delivered to the World Bank in batches (typically 10%, 50% and 100%). These data deliveries are checked for logical consistency, out of range values, skip patterns, and duplicate entries. Problems are flagged by the World Bank and corrected by the implementing contractor through data checks, callbacks, and revisiting establishments."},"analysis_info":{"response_rate":"Survey non-response must be differentiated from item non-response. The former refers to refusals to participate in the survey altogether whereas the latter refers to the refusals to answer some specific questions. Enterprise Surveys suffer from both problems and different strategies were used to address these issues. \n\nItem non-response was addressed by two strategies: \na- For sensitive questions that may generate negative reactions from the respondent, such as corruption or tax evasion, enumerators were instructed to collect \"Refusal to respond\" (-8) as a different option from \"Don't know\" (-9). \nb- Establishments with incomplete information were re-contacted in order to complete this information, whenever necessary. \n\nSurvey non-response was addressed by maximizing efforts to contact establishments that were initially selected for interview. Attempts were made to contact the establishment for interview at different times\/days of the week before a replacement establishment (with similar strata characteristics) was suggested for interview. Survey non-response did occur but substitutions were made in order to potentially achieve strata-specific goals."}},"data_access":{"dataset_availability":{"access_place":"Enterprise Surveys","access_place_uri":"https:\/\/www.enterprisesurveys.org\/Portal\/","original_archive":"Enterprise Surveys\nhttps:\/\/www.enterprisesurveys.org\/Portal\/\nCost: None"},"dataset_use":{"conf_dec":[{"txt":"Confidentiality of the survey respondents and the sensitive information they provide is necessary to ensure the greatest degree of survey participation, integrity and confidence in the quality of the data. 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Self-explanatory","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"150"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"8","type":"vald"},{"value":"57","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"Don't know (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-8","labl":"Refusal (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-7","labl":"Does not apply","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"5","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"10","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"14","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"30","labl":null,"stats":"2","type":"freq"},{"value":"120","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"150","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"57","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F7"},{"vid":"V1935","name":"c14","file_id":"F7","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"287","var_end_pos":"288","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"When You Applied For A Water Connection, Was An Informal Gift\/payment Requested?","var_qstn_qstnlit":"In reference to that application for a water connection, was an informal gift or payment expected or requested?","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"1) Bribe for water connection. 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The purpose of this question is to determine where the establishment's customers are located.\n\nDomestic sales are when goods or services are sold inside the borders of the country.\n\nAn indirect export is when the manufacturer sells its goods to a trader or another agent who then exports the product without modifications.  Products that the manager knows are smuggled abroad should be counted as indirect exports. \n\nDirect export is the sale of goods where the immediate recipient is outside the borders of the country.\n\n2) INTERVIEWER: CHECK THAT TOTAL SUMS TO 100%","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"100"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"65","type":"vald"},{"value":"0","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"Don't know (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-8","labl":"Refusal (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-7","labl":"Does not apply","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"60","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"90","labl":null,"stats":"2","type":"freq"},{"value":"95","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"99","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"100","labl":null,"stats":"60","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F7"},{"vid":"V1951","name":"d3b","file_id":"F7","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"572","var_end_pos":"573","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"% o sales: Indirect exports","var_qstn_preqtxt":"1) SHOW CARD\n2) INTERVIEWER: THESE MUST BE ASKED IN THE ORDER THEY APPEAR ON THE TABLE","var_qstn_qstnlit":"In fiscal year [insert last complete fiscal year], what percent of this establishment's sales were: \t\nIndirect exports (sold domestically to third party that exports products)","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"1) Where sales are made. The purpose of this question is to determine where the establishment's customers are located.\n\nDomestic sales are when goods or services are sold inside the borders of the country.\n\nAn indirect export is when the manufacturer sells its goods to a trader or another agent who then exports the product without modifications.  Products that the manager knows are smuggled abroad should be counted as indirect exports. \n\nDirect export is the sale of goods where the immediate recipient is outside the borders of the country.\n\n2) INTERVIEWER: CHECK THAT TOTAL SUMS TO 100%","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"5"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"65","type":"vald"},{"value":"0","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"Don't know (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-8","labl":"Refusal (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-7","labl":"Does not apply","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"0","labl":null,"stats":"63","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"5","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F7"},{"vid":"V1952","name":"d3c","file_id":"F7","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"574","var_end_pos":"575","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"% of sales: Direct exports","var_qstn_preqtxt":"1) SHOW CARD\n2) INTERVIEWER: THESE MUST BE ASKED IN THE ORDER THEY APPEAR ON THE TABLE","var_qstn_qstnlit":"In fiscal year [insert last complete fiscal year], what percent of this establishment's sales were: \t\nDirect exports","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"1) Where sales are made. The purpose of this question is to determine where the establishment's customers are located.\n\nDomestic sales are when goods or services are sold inside the borders of the country.\n\nAn indirect export is when the manufacturer sells its goods to a trader or another agent who then exports the product without modifications.  Products that the manager knows are smuggled abroad should be counted as indirect exports. \n\nDirect export is the sale of goods where the immediate recipient is outside the borders of the country.\t\n\n2) INTERVIEWER: CHECK THAT TOTAL SUMS TO 100%","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"40"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"65","type":"vald"},{"value":"0","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"Don't know (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-8","labl":"Refusal (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-7","labl":"Does not apply","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"0","labl":null,"stats":"61","type":"freq"},{"value":"5","labl":null,"stats":"2","type":"freq"},{"value":"10","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"40","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F7"},{"vid":"V1953","name":"d4","file_id":"F7","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"576","var_end_pos":"577","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"In last FY, avg. num. of days for exported goods to clear customs?","var_qstn_qstnlit":"In fiscal year [insert last complete fiscal year],when this establishment exported goods directly, how many days did it take on average from the time this establishment's goods arrived at their main point of exit (e.g., port, airport) until the time these goods cleared customs?","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"Clearing customs for direct exports. The purpose of this question is to determine the efficiency of customs in clearing goods for export.\n\nMain point of exit is the last domestic location (e.g. port, border crossing, airport, or internal custom) from which the goods leave the country. \nWhenever different ports of exit are used this question refers to the port where \u201cmost goods\u201d exit defined in terms of consignment value (not physical units).\n\nGoods cleared customs They refer to the time it takes to obtain all clearances required from the moment the goods arrived at their point of exit until the moment they satisfy the requirements of the clearance procedures at the customs office. This includes transit procedures.  \n\nAverage number of days to clear customs. Prompt the respondent to think of all shipments sent to the main point of exit and estimate an average time it took from the time the shipments arrived to the time they left that point of exit.","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"15"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"2","type":"vald"},{"value":"63","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"Don't know (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-8","labl":"Refusal (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-7","labl":"Does not apply","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"7","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"15","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"63","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F7"},{"vid":"V1954","name":"ead4a","file_id":"F7","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"578","var_end_pos":"579","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"In fiscal year 2013, when this establishment exported goods directly,  was a gif","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"2"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"2","type":"vald"},{"value":"63","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"Don't know (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-8","labl":"Refusal (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":"Yes","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":"No","stats":"2","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"63","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F7"},{"vid":"V1955","name":"d6","file_id":"F7","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"580","var_end_pos":"581","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"In last FY, Export Losses Due To Theft As % Of value of products","var_qstn_qstnlit":"In fiscal year [insert last complete fiscal year], what percentage of the value of the products exported directly was lost while in transit because of theft?","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"0"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"2","type":"vald"},{"value":"63","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"Don't know (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-8","labl":"Refusal (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-7","labl":"Does not apply","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"0","labl":null,"stats":"2","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"63","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F7"},{"vid":"V1956","name":"d7","file_id":"F7","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"582","var_end_pos":"583","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"In last FY, Export Losses Due To Breakage Or Spoilage As % Of value of products","var_qstn_qstnlit":"In fiscal year [insert last complete fiscal year], what percentage of the value of the products exported directly was lost while in transit because of breakage or spoilage?","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"0"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"2","type":"vald"},{"value":"63","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"Don't know (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-8","labl":"Refusal (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-7","labl":"Does not apply","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"0","labl":null,"stats":"2","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"63","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F7"},{"vid":"V1957","name":"d8","file_id":"F7","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"584","var_end_pos":"587","var_width":"4","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"In What Year Did This Establishment First Export Directly Or Indirectly?","var_qstn_qstnlit":"In which year did this establishment first export directly or indirectly?","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"First exported directly or indirectly. The purpose of this question is self-explanatory.","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"2012"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"5","type":"vald"},{"value":"60","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"Don't know (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-8","labl":"Refusal (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-7","labl":"Does not apply","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"1977","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"1980","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"2008","labl":null,"stats":"2","type":"freq"},{"value":"2012","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"60","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F7"},{"vid":"V1958","name":"d10","file_id":"F7","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"588","var_end_pos":"589","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"In last FY, % of value of products lost in transit due to theft","var_qstn_qstnlit":"In fiscal year [insert last complete fiscal year], what percentage of the value of products this establishment shipped to supply domestic markets was lost while in transit because of theft?","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"10"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"65","type":"vald"},{"value":"0","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"Don't know (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-8","labl":"Refusal (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-7","labl":"Does not apply","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"0","labl":null,"stats":"43","type":"freq"},{"value":"0.5","labl":null,"stats":"2","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":null,"stats":"13","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":null,"stats":"4","type":"freq"},{"value":"3","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"8","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"10","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F7"},{"vid":"V1959","name":"d11","file_id":"F7","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"590","var_end_pos":"591","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"In last FY, % of value of products lost in transit due to breakage or spoilage?","var_qstn_qstnlit":"In fiscal year [insert last complete fiscal year], what percentage of value of products this establishment shipped to supply domestic markets was lost while in transit because of breakage or spoilage?","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"3"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"65","type":"vald"},{"value":"0","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"Don't know (spontaneous)","stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"-8","labl":"Refusal (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-7","labl":"Does not apply","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"0","labl":null,"stats":"46","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":null,"stats":"14","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":null,"stats":"3","type":"freq"},{"value":"3","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F7"},{"vid":"V1960","name":"d12a","file_id":"F7","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"592","var_end_pos":"593","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"% Of Material Inputs And Supplies Of Domestic Origin In Last Fiscal Year","var_qstn_preqtxt":"SHOW CARD","var_qstn_qstnlit":"In fiscal year [insert last complete fiscal year], as a proportion of all of the material inputs or supplies purchased that year, what percent of this establishment's material inputs or supplies were: \nMaterial inputs or supplies of domestic origin","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"1) The purpose of this question is to determine from where the inputs for production are obtained and purchased. \n\nThe calculation is done as a percent of all purchases of supplies and inputs purchased by the establishment for the fiscal year.\n\nInputs are materials that go through a mechanical, physical, or chemical transformation that will ultimately make up some portion of the final good produced. Lumber in a furniture factory is a good example of an input.\n\nSupplies are materials or products that are used, expended, consumed, but will not comprise the final good produced. Pencils and writing paper are good examples of a supply. \n\n2) INTERVIEWER: CHECK THAT TOTAL SUMS TO 100%","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"60"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"23","type":"vald"},{"value":"42","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"Don't know (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-8","labl":"Refusal (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-7","labl":"Does not apply","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"0","labl":null,"stats":"16","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"20","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"40","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"45","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"50","labl":null,"stats":"2","type":"freq"},{"value":"60","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"42","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F7"},{"vid":"V1961","name":"d12b","file_id":"F7","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"594","var_end_pos":"596","var_width":"3","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"% Of Material Inputs And Supplies Of Foreign Origin In Last Fiscal Year","var_qstn_preqtxt":"SHOW CARD","var_qstn_qstnlit":"In fiscal year [insert last complete fiscal year], as a proportion of all of the material inputs or supplies purchased that year, what percent of this establishment's material inputs or supplies were: \nMaterial inputs or supplies of foreign origin","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"1) The purpose of this question is to determine from where the inputs for production are obtained and purchased. \n\nThe calculation is done as a percent of all purchases of supplies and inputs purchased by the establishment for the fiscal year.\n\nInputs are materials that go through a mechanical, physical, or chemical transformation that will ultimately make up some portion of the final good produced. Lumber in a furniture factory is a good example of an input.\n\nSupplies are materials or products that are used, expended, consumed, but will not comprise the final good produced. Pencils and writing paper are good examples of a supply. \n\n2) INTERVIEWER: CHECK THAT TOTAL SUMS TO 100%","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"100"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"23","type":"vald"},{"value":"42","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"Don't know (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-8","labl":"Refusal (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-7","labl":"Does not apply","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"40","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"50","labl":null,"stats":"2","type":"freq"},{"value":"55","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"60","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"80","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"98","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"100","labl":null,"stats":"16","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"42","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F7"},{"vid":"V1962","name":"d13","file_id":"F7","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"597","var_end_pos":"598","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"Were Any Of These Material Inputs And Supplies Imported Directly?","var_qstn_qstnlit":"Were any of the material inputs or supplies purchased in fiscal year [insert last complete fiscal year], imported directly?","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"The purpose of this question is to determine if the establishment has any interaction with customs when importing inputs and other materials.","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"2"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"23","type":"vald"},{"value":"42","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"Don't know (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":"Yes","stats":"21","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":"No","stats":"2","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"42","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F7"},{"vid":"V1963","name":"d14","file_id":"F7","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"599","var_end_pos":"600","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"Avg. num. of Days For Imported Goods To Clear Customs In Last Fiscal Year","var_qstn_qstnlit":"In fiscal year [insert last complete fiscal year], when this establishment imported material inputs or supplies (from outside the EU for European Union members), how many days did it take on average from the time goods arrived to their point of entry (e.g. port, airport) until the time these goods could be claimed from customs?","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"The purpose of these questions is to measure the efficiency of customs clearance of imports.\n  \nGoods cleared customs includes all clearances required from the moment the goods arrived at their point of entry (e.g., port, airport) until the moment they satisfy the requirement of the clearance procedures at the customs office and can be picked up.  It does not include time spent on transportation to reach the point of entry. \n\nAverage number of days to clear customs. Prompt respondent to think of various shipments destined to the establishment that originated from abroad, and to estimate an average of the time it took when the shipment arrived to the country's point of entry to the time the establishment was allowed to claim them and begin domestic transport.","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"40"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"21","type":"vald"},{"value":"44","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"Don't know (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-8","labl":"Refusal (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-7","labl":"Does not apply","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"3","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"5","labl":null,"stats":"4","type":"freq"},{"value":"7","labl":null,"stats":"3","type":"freq"},{"value":"8","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"10","labl":null,"stats":"2","type":"freq"},{"value":"14","labl":null,"stats":"4","type":"freq"},{"value":"15","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"21","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"30","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"40","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"44","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F7"},{"vid":"V1964","name":"d16","file_id":"F7","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"601","var_end_pos":"603","var_width":"3","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"Avg. days of inventory of most important input kept by establishment","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"180"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"23","type":"vald"},{"value":"42","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"Don't know (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-8","labl":"Refusal (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-7","labl":"Does not apply","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"10","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"15","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"21","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"28","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"30","labl":null,"stats":"3","type":"freq"},{"value":"40","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"60","labl":null,"stats":"3","type":"freq"},{"value":"90","labl":null,"stats":"6","type":"freq"},{"value":"120","labl":null,"stats":"2","type":"freq"},{"value":"140","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"150","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"180","labl":null,"stats":"2","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"42","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F7"},{"vid":"V1965","name":"d17","file_id":"F7","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"604","var_end_pos":"606","var_width":"3","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"Avg. days of inventory of main sales item kept by establishment","var_qstn_qstnlit":"At the present time, when this establishment receives its main sales item, on average, how many days of inventory measured in days of sales, does this establishment keep?","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"INTERVIEWER: IF RESPONDENT REQUIRES CLARIFICATION, DEFINE AS STOCK ON HAND","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"180"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"42","type":"vald"},{"value":"23","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"Don't know (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-8","labl":"Refusal (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-7","labl":"Does not apply","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"3","labl":null,"stats":"12","type":"freq"},{"value":"14","labl":null,"stats":"2","type":"freq"},{"value":"15","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"20","labl":null,"stats":"2","type":"freq"},{"value":"21","labl":null,"stats":"2","type":"freq"},{"value":"30","labl":null,"stats":"6","type":"freq"},{"value":"45","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"60","labl":null,"stats":"5","type":"freq"},{"value":"75","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"90","labl":null,"stats":"6","type":"freq"},{"value":"98","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"120","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"180","labl":null,"stats":"2","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"23","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F7"},{"vid":"V1966","name":"d30a","file_id":"F7","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"607","var_end_pos":"608","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"How Much Of An Obstacle: Transport?","var_qstn_qstnlit":"Using the response options on the card; To what degree is Transport an obstacle to the current operations of this establishment?","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"1) The manager should be given a card with the different alternatives for 'degree of obstacle' (from 0 to 4).\n2) Sensitive question, no clarification can be offered","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"4"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"65","type":"vald"},{"value":"0","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"Don't know (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-7","labl":"Does not apply","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"0","labl":"No obstacle","stats":"18","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":"Minor obstacle","stats":"12","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":"Moderate obstacle","stats":"21","type":"freq"},{"value":"3","labl":"Major obstacle","stats":"10","type":"freq"},{"value":"4","labl":"Very severe obstacle","stats":"4","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F7"},{"vid":"V1967","name":"d30b","file_id":"F7","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"609","var_end_pos":"610","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"How Much Of An Obstacle: Customs And Trade Regulations?","var_qstn_qstnlit":"Using the response options on the card; To what degree is customs and trade regulations an obstacle to the current operations of this establishment?","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"1) The manager should be given a card with the different alternatives for 'degree of obstacle' (from 0 to 4).\n2) Sensitive question, no clarification can be offered","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"4"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"65","type":"vald"},{"value":"0","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"Don't know (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-7","labl":"Does not apply","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"0","labl":"No obstacle","stats":"21","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":"Minor obstacle","stats":"18","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":"Moderate obstacle","stats":"14","type":"freq"},{"value":"3","labl":"Major obstacle","stats":"12","type":"freq"},{"value":"4","labl":"Very severe obstacle","stats":"0","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F7"},{"vid":"V1968","name":"e1","file_id":"F7","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"611","var_end_pos":"612","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"In last FY, main market for establishment's main product","var_qstn_qstnlit":"In fiscal year [insert last complete fiscal year], which of the following was the main market in which this establishment sold its main product?\nOther (specify)","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"The purpose of this question is to get the establishment to define what it considers to be its main market.\n\nThe main product is defined by the output that generates the highest proportion of sales. The establishment's main market is defined by the market that generates the most sales for the main product as defined above. \n\nIt could be the case that an establishment's main product is sold in smaller proportions in a greater number of markets and that the main product is never the greatest total annual share of revenue in any one market. For example, 51 percent of revenue comes from selling nails, but that is distributed equally in the local, national, and international markets, 33 percent in each. Bolts make up 49 percent of total annual revenues. However, half of the revenue for bolts comes from selling in the international market and half in the local market.  \n\nIt is clear that bolts sell more in its respective market with respect to nails, but does not generate as much revenue as nails do for the establishment. In such a case, nails should be used as the main product. Whenever local, national and international markets have equal shares choose the national market and do not follow the skip pattern.","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"3"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"23","type":"vald"},{"value":"42","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"Don't know (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":"Local \u00e2\u20ac\u201c main product sold mostly in same municipality where establishment is located","stats":"3","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":"National \u00e2\u20ac\u201c main product sold mostly across the country where establishment is located","stats":"20","type":"freq"},{"value":"3","labl":"International","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"42","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F7"},{"vid":"V1969","name":"e2b","file_id":"F7","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"613","var_end_pos":"614","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"In main market, number of  competitors faced by establishment's main product","var_qstn_qstnlit":"In fiscal year [insert last complete fiscal year], for the main market in which this establishment sold its main product or service, how many competitors did this establishment's main product or service face?","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"12"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"23","type":"vald"},{"value":"42","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"Don't know (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-8","labl":"Refusal (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-7","labl":"Does not apply","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-4","labl":null,"stats":"4","type":"freq"},{"value":"0","labl":null,"stats":"3","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":null,"stats":"2","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":null,"stats":"2","type":"freq"},{"value":"3","labl":null,"stats":"3","type":"freq"},{"value":"4","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"5","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"6","labl":null,"stats":"3","type":"freq"},{"value":"7","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"8","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"10","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"12","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"42","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F7"},{"vid":"V1970","name":"e6","file_id":"F7","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"615","var_end_pos":"616","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"Do You Use Technology Licensed From A Foreign-Owned Company?","var_qstn_qstnlit":"Does this establishment at present use technology licensed from a foreign-owned company, excluding office software?","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"Technology licensed from a foreign owned company: it measures access to foreign technology. The license may be held by the establishment's parent company. The answer is \u201cno\u201d if the establishment uses foreign technology without a license or a formal agreement.","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"2"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"23","type":"vald"},{"value":"42","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"Don't know (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":"Yes","stats":"7","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":"No","stats":"16","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"42","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F7"},{"vid":"V1971","name":"e11","file_id":"F7","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"617","var_end_pos":"618","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"Does This Establishment Compete Against Unregistered Or Informal Firms?","var_qstn_qstnlit":"Does this establishment compete against unregistered or informal firms?","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"1) Competition from unregistered or informal firms \n2) Sensitive question, no clarification can be offered","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"2"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"65","type":"vald"},{"value":"0","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"Don't know (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":"Yes","stats":"44","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":"No","stats":"21","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F7"},{"vid":"V1972","name":"e30","file_id":"F7","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"619","var_end_pos":"620","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"How Much Of An Obstacle: Practices of competitors in informal sector?","var_qstn_qstnlit":"Using the response options on the card; To what degree are Practices of Competitors in the Informal Sector an obstacle to the current operations of this establishment?","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"1) The manager should be given a card with the different alternatives for 'degree of obstacle' (from 0 to 4).\n2) Sensitive question, no clarificaton can be offered","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"4"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"65","type":"vald"},{"value":"0","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"Don't know (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-7","labl":"Does not apply","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"0","labl":"No obstacle","stats":"12","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":"Minor obstacle","stats":"21","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":"Moderate obstacle","stats":"16","type":"freq"},{"value":"3","labl":"Major obstacle","stats":"8","type":"freq"},{"value":"4","labl":"Very severe obstacle","stats":"8","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F7"},{"vid":"V1973","name":"h1","file_id":"F7","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"621","var_end_pos":"622","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"New or signif. improved product introduced in last three years?","var_qstn_preqtxt":"READ THE FOLLOWING TO THE RESPONDENT BEFORE PROCEEDING \nAnd now we switch to a new topic. In this section \"new\" means new to the firm but not necessarily new to the market or other firms, and it could have been originally developed by other firms.","var_qstn_qstnlit":"During the last three years, has this establishment introduced new or significantly improved products or services? Please exclude the simple resale of new goods purchased from others and changes of a solely aesthetic nature.","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARDS IN THIS SECTION CONTAIN EXAMPLES OF INNOVATIONS. THEY ARE MEANT AS EXAMPLES ONLY - THEY DO NOT CONTAIN ALL POSSIBLE INNOVATIONS.","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"2"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"65","type":"vald"},{"value":"0","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"Don't know (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":"Yes","stats":"39","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":"No","stats":"26","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F7"},{"vid":"V1974","name":"h2","file_id":"F7","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"623","var_end_pos":"624","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"New or signif. improved product also new to the establishment's main market?","var_qstn_qstnlit":"Were any of the new or significantly improved products or services of this establishment new to one of this establishment's markets?","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARDS IN THIS SECTION CONTAIN EXAMPLES OF INNOVATIONS. THEY ARE MEANT AS EXAMPLES ONLY - THEY DO NOT CONTAIN ALL POSSIBLE INNOVATIONS.","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"2"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"39","type":"vald"},{"value":"26","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"Don't know (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":"Yes","stats":"27","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":"No","stats":"12","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"26","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F7"},{"vid":"V1975","name":"eah2x","file_id":"F7","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"625","var_end_pos":"868","var_width":"244","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"describe the main new or significantly improved product or service that this est","var_qstn_preqtxt":"The next questions are about this establishment's main new or significantly improved product or service. The main new or significantly improved product or service is the one that represented the largest proportion of this establishment's sales in value during fiscal year [insert last complete fiscal year].","var_qstn_qstnlit":"Please describe in detail the main new or significantly improved product or service that this establishment introduced during the last three years.","var_sumstat":[{"value":"39","type":"vald"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"19L Purified Bottled Water","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"Biscuits -Plain Crackers In Larger Packs","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"Brought In New Parts For New Vehicle Models Introduced Into Png","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"Cheese And Tomato \/ Beef And Tomato Biscuit Flavours","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"Constructed A New Coffee Section In The Shop","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"Container Management Programs","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"Creation Of Website And Using Internet To Liaise With Guest","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"Diesel Fuel Injection And Turbocharger Services","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"Digital Printing","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"Efficient Copiers For Bulk Printing Saving On Consumables","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"Film Security Window Glass Protection","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"Generation 2 Elevator System; It Is A Machine Roomless And Belt Driven Elevator All Machine And Controls Are  Within The Lift Shaft","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"High Frequency Welding Machines Which Is The Only One In The Country","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"High Quality Product Sales Moved Away From Purchasing Cheap Items From China","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"High Security Fencing","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"Improving Manufacturing Processes","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"Introduced Digital Printing Department","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"Introduced High Quality Brands And Products Matching Iso","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"Introduced New Toilet System To Png Market","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"Introduction Of Digital Technology In Reference To Mixers (Amplifiers)","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"It Now Provides Residential Units With Two To Three Bedrooms In One Unit","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"Manufacturing O 4L Paint Cans","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"Manufacturing Water Tanks","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"Meal Packages Now Availsbkr In Rooms","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"New Electric Initiating System","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"New High Quality Equipment To Be Sold In Australian Market","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"Plumbing Services","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"Provision Of Uhf Wireless Television Transmission","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"Purchased Compressor To Improve Work Quality In The Workshop","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"Rebuilding Of Mining Equipment","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"Reinvented Tyres To Suit Ash Filled Environment","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"Roof Batten Top Span Batten","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"Started Doing Printing Of Plastic Bags As An Extension To This They Offer Other Printing Services Including Bread Bags","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"The Introduction Of Alpholic Cladding Into Our Products And Services We Install In Buildings To Avoid Corrosion And Fire Prevention","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"The Introduction Of Information Technology Products Such As Website And Other Accessories Has Improved The Ability Of The Business To Get Its Messages And Other Notices To Its Members, Clients And Customers This Has Greatly Enhanced The Busines","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"The Sale Of Electrical Home Appliances And White Goods","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"They Started Preparing And Growing Pots Plants They Also Started To Sell As Well As Put Others On Hire Purchase","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"Updated Retreading Equipment","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"Upgrades In 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marketing methods?","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARDS IN THIS SECTION CONTAIN EXAMPLES OF INNOVATIONS. 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surveys?","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"2"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"65","type":"vald"},{"value":"0","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"Don't know (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":"Yes","stats":"18","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":"No","stats":"47","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F7"},{"vid":"V1995","name":"h8","file_id":"F7","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"908","var_end_pos":"913","var_width":"6","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"How much did this establishment spend on formal research and development?","var_qstn_qstnlit":"In fiscal year [insert last complete fiscal year], how much did this establishment spend on formal research and development activities, either in-house or contracted with other 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the last three years did this establishment provide formal training to an","var_qstn_qstnlit":"During the last three years did this establishment provide formal training to any of its employees specifically for the development and\/or introduction of new or significantly improved products or services and processes?","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"2"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"65","type":"vald"},{"value":"0","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"Don't know (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":"Yes","stats":"48","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":"No","stats":"17","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F7"},{"vid":"V1997","name":"eah16","file_id":"F7","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"916","var_end_pos":"917","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"During the last three years did this establishment purchase or license any paten","var_qstn_qstnlit":"During the last three years did this establishment purchase or license any patented or non-patented inventions, or other types of knowledge for the development of new or significantly improved products or services and processes?","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"2"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"65","type":"vald"},{"value":"0","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"Don't know (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":"Yes","stats":"11","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":"No","stats":"54","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F7"},{"vid":"V1998","name":"f1","file_id":"F7","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"918","var_end_pos":"920","var_width":"3","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"In last FY, What Was The Capacity Utilization (%) Of This Establishment?","var_qstn_qstnlit":"In fiscal year [insert last complete fiscal year], what was this establishment's output produced as a proportion of the maximum output 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Vehicles include transport and loading and unloading vehicles. It should include not only the purchase cost but also all other costs involved in the investment such as transport of the item and installation cost. 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Examples include machinery\/equipment, land, buildings, building improvements, etc.  \n\nThe source of funds for these purchases may be diverse, so it is important for the enumerator to make sure that the various sources do add up to 100%.  \n\n2) INTERVIEWER: CHECK THAT TOTAL SUMS TO 100%","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"100"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"46","type":"vald"},{"value":"19","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"Don't know (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-8","labl":"Refusal (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-7","labl":"Does not apply","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"0","labl":null,"stats":"9","type":"freq"},{"value":"10","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"35","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"40","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"42","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"45","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"50","labl":null,"stats":"3","type":"freq"},{"value":"90","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"100","labl":null,"stats":"28","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"19","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F7"},{"vid":"V2031","name":"k5i","file_id":"F7","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"1029","var_end_pos":"1030","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"Last FY, % Fixed Assets Funded By: Owners' Contributions Or Issued New Equity","var_qstn_qstnlit":"Over fiscal year [insert last complete fiscal year], please estimate the proportion of this establishment's total purchase of fixed assets that was financed from each of the following sources? Owners' contribution or issued new equity shares (percent)","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"1) Fixed assets include any indivisible purchase made by the establishment as described in K.4. Examples include machinery\/equipment, land, buildings, building improvements, etc.  \n\nThe source of funds for these purchases may be diverse, so it is important for the enumerator to make sure that the various sources do add up to 100%.  \n\n2) INTERVIEWER: CHECK THAT TOTAL SUMS TO 100%","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"0"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"46","type":"vald"},{"value":"19","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"Don't know (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-8","labl":"Refusal (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-7","labl":"Does not apply","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"0","labl":null,"stats":"46","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"19","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F7"},{"vid":"V2032","name":"k5bc","file_id":"F7","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"1031","var_end_pos":"1033","var_width":"3","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"Last FY, % Fixed Assets Funded By: Bank Borrowing","var_qstn_qstnlit":"Over fiscal year [insert last complete fiscal year], please estimate the proportion or the total amount of this establishment's total purchase of fixed assets that was financed from each of the following sources:\nBorrowed from banks: private and state-owned (percent)","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"100"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"46","type":"vald"},{"value":"19","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"Don't know (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-8","labl":"Refusal (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-7","labl":"Does not apply","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"0","labl":null,"stats":"30","type":"freq"},{"value":"10","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"50","labl":null,"stats":"3","type":"freq"},{"value":"55","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"60","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"65","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"90","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"100","labl":null,"stats":"8","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"19","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F7"},{"vid":"V2033","name":"k5e","file_id":"F7","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"1034","var_end_pos":"1035","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"Last FY, % Fixed Assets Funded By: Non-Bank Financial Institutions","var_qstn_qstnlit":"Over fiscal year [insert last complete fiscal year], please estimate the proportion of this establishment's total purchase of fixed assets that was financed from each of the following sources: \nBorrowed from non-bank financial institutions which include microfinance institutions, credit cooperatives, credit unions, or finance companies (percent)","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"58"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"46","type":"vald"},{"value":"19","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"Don't know (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-8","labl":"Refusal (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-7","labl":"Does not apply","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"0","labl":null,"stats":"45","type":"freq"},{"value":"58","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"19","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F7"},{"vid":"V2034","name":"k5f","file_id":"F7","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"1036","var_end_pos":"1037","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"Last FY, % Fixed Assets Funded By: Credit From Suppliers\/Advances From Customers","var_qstn_qstnlit":"Over fiscal year [insert last complete fiscal year], please estimate the proportion of this establishment's total purchase of fixed assets that was financed from each of the following sources: \nPurchases on credit from suppliers and advances from customers \t(percent)","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"1) Fixed assets include any indivisible purchase made by the establishment as described in K.4. Examples include machinery\/equipment, land, buildings, building improvements, etc.  \n\nThe source of funds for these purchases may be diverse, so it is important for the enumerator to make sure that the various sources do add up to 100%.  \n\n2) INTERVIEWER: CHECK THAT TOTAL SUMS TO 100%","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"0"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"46","type":"vald"},{"value":"19","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"Don't know (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-8","labl":"Refusal (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-7","labl":"Does not 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(amount)","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"0"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"2","type":"vald"},{"value":"63","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"Don't know (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-8","labl":"Refusal (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-7","labl":"Does not apply","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"0","labl":null,"stats":"2","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"63","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F7"},{"vid":"V2038","name":"k5bc1","file_id":"F7","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"1050","var_end_pos":"1055","var_width":"6","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"Last FY, value of Fixed Assets Funded By: Bank Borrowing","var_qstn_qstnlit":"Over fiscal year [insert last complete fiscal year], please estimate the proportion or the total amount of this establishment's total purchase of fixed assets that was financed from each of the following sources:\nBorrowed from banks: private and state-owned (amount)","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"500000"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"2","type":"vald"},{"value":"63","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"Don't know (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-8","labl":"Refusal (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-7","labl":"Does not apply","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"0","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"500000","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"63","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F7"},{"vid":"V2039","name":"k5e1","file_id":"F7","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"1056","var_end_pos":"1057","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"Last FY, value of Fixed Assets Funded By: Non-Bank Financial Institutions","var_qstn_qstnlit":"Over fiscal year [insert last complete fiscal year], please estimate the proportion of this establishment's total purchase of fixed assets that was financed from each of the following sources: \nBorrowed from non-bank financial institutions which include microfinance institutions, credit cooperatives, credit unions, or finance companies\t(amount)","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"0"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"2","type":"vald"},{"value":"63","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"Don't know (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-8","labl":"Refusal (spontaneous)","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-7","labl":"Does not apply","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"0","labl":null,"stats":"2","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"63","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F7"},{"vid":"V2040","name":"k5f1","file_id":"F7","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"1058","var_end_pos":"1059","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"Last FY, value of 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At this time, does this establishment have a checking or savings account?","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"Checking\/ savings account. 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