WLD_2013_LTIMS_v01_M DDI_WLD_2013_LTIMS_v01_M_WB Development Economics Data Group 2018-05-10 Nesstar Publisher Version 01 (May 2018) Long-Term Impacts of Migration Survey 2013-14 LTIMS 2013-2014 WLD_2013_LTIMS_v01_M David McKenzie John Gibson Halahingano Rohorua Steven Stillman Nesstar Publisher Marsden Fund World Bank Research Support Budget UOW1101 David McKenzie David McKenzie Other Household Survey These data consist of a long-term follow-up of applicants to a migration visa lottery. Tongan households were surveyed as migrants in New Zealand, or non-migrants in Tonga. It was used to examine the long-term impacts of international migration by comparing immigrants who had successful ballot entries in a migration lottery program, and first moved almost a decade ago, with people who had unsuccessful entries into those same ballots. It was additionally used to study how migrating from a poor country to a rich country affects economic beliefs, preference parameters, and household decision-making efficiency. In a ten-year follow-up survey of applicants to a migration lottery program we elicit risk and time preferences and pro-market beliefs for the migrants and the unsuccessful applicants. The successful and the unsuccessful applicants are each linked to closest relative households, who would stay in the home country if the applicant moved, to play lab-in-the-field games that measure intra-family trust and the efficiency of intra-family decision-making. World The survey covers Tongans who applied to the 2002-05 Pacific Access Category migration visa program, along with linked households of their family members. This involved surveying in both New Zealand and Tonga (along with a small number of surveys of movers to third countries). Data are collected at both the individual and household level Sample survey data [ssd] Face-to-face [f2f] See research papers for more detail In our main results, we weight the ballot winner sample to reflect the population proportions of ever migrating to New Zealand versus non-compliers. This is necessary because we effectively have a choice based sample, although our previous research suggests that there is no selection among the non-compliers, and, hence, they can effectively be excluded from the sample (McKenzie et al. 2010). We also examine robustness, using two other weighting schemes. The first uses a snapshot of data from late 2012 on crossborder movements coming from passport scans, which revealed that 265 of the 307 ever-migrating ballot winners were in New Zealand at that point in time. This set of weights allows for the possibility that we found it harder to track individuals who had left New Zealand and so puts more weight on the ballot winners in our survey who were found outside New Zealand. The second alternative weighting scheme allows for the possibility that on-movement among the ballot losers is higher than our sample suggests. WLD_2013_LTIMS_v01_M_ReplicationFiles.zip]]> Data have been anonymized by removing all identifying information Gibson, John, David McKenzie, Halahingano Rohorua and Steven Stillman (2018) “The long-term impacts of international migration: Evidence from a lottery”, World Bank Economic Review 32(1): 127-47. Ref: WLD_2013_LTIMS_v01_M. Downloaded from [url] on [date]. labelled_short_survey.NSDstat Short Survey Instrument Data 103 94 Nesstar 200801 S0_FRONT_COVER.NSDstat Surveys fielded to Applicant Households 150 25 Nesstar 200801 S1_HOUSEHOLD_ROSTER.NSDstat Surveys fielded to Applicant Households 726 13 Nesstar 200801 S2A_HEALTH.NSDstat Surveys fielded to Applicant Households 689 9 Nesstar 200801 S2B_MENTAL_HEALTH.NSDstat Surveys fielded to Applicant Households 427 7 Nesstar 200801 S2C_ANTHROPOMETRICS.NSDstat Surveys fielded to Applicant Households 722 17 Nesstar 200801 S3_DIET_FOOD.NSDstat Surveys fielded to Applicant Households 150 57 Nesstar 200801 S4_DURABLES_FINANCIALS.NSDstat Surveys fielded to Applicant Households 150 49 Nesstar 200801 S5A_INWARD_TRANSFERS.NSDstat Surveys fielded to Applicant Households 433 14 Nesstar 200801 S5B_OUTWARD_TRANSFERS.NSDstat Surveys fielded to Applicant Households 26 14 Nesstar 200801 S6_HOUSEHOLD_EXPENDITURE.NSDstat Surveys fielded to Applicant Households 150 23 Nesstar 200801 S7_HOUSEHOLD_INCOME.NSDstat Surveys fielded to Applicant Households 150 86 Nesstar 200801 S8_PA_PERSONAL_DETAILS.NSDstat Surveys fielded to Applicant Households 150 34 Nesstar 200801 S9_FINANCIAL_DECISIONS.NSDstat Surveys fielded to Applicant Households 150 9 Nesstar 200801 S10_HOUSEHOLD_DECISIONS.NSDstat Surveys fielded to Applicant Households 150 16 Nesstar 200801 S11_BACK_COVER.NSDstat Surveys fielded to Applicant Households 150 21 Nesstar 200801 mig_n45_backcover.NSDstat Surveys fielded to Migrant Households 45 21 Nesstar 200801 S0_FRONT_COVER.NSDstat Surveys fielded to Migrant Households 133 19 Nesstar 200801 S1_HOUSEHOLD_ROSTER.NSDstat Surveys fielded to Migrant Households 546 13 Nesstar 200801 S2A_HEALTH.NSDstat Surveys fielded to Migrant Households 520 9 Nesstar 200801 S2B_MENTAL_HEALTH.NSDstat Surveys fielded to Migrant Households 318 7 Nesstar 200801 S2C_ANTHROPOMETRICS.NSDstat Surveys fielded to Migrant Households 545 17 Nesstar 200801 S3_DIET_FOOD.NSDstat Surveys fielded to Migrant Households 133 57 Nesstar 200801 S4_DURABLES_FINANCIALS.NSDstat Surveys fielded to Migrant Households 133 45 Nesstar 200801 S5A_OUTWARD_TRANSFERS.NSDstat Surveys fielded to Migrant Households 546 14 Nesstar 200801 S5B_INWARD_TRANSFERS.NSDstat Surveys fielded to Migrant Households 61 14 Nesstar 200801 S6_HOUSEHOLD_EXPENDITURE_IN.NSDstat Surveys fielded to Migrant Households 133 23 Nesstar 200801 S7_CHANNELS_INCOME_ADEQUACY.NSDstat Surveys fielded to Migrant Households 133 49 Nesstar 200801 S8_PA_PERSONAL_DETAILS.NSDstat Surveys fielded to Migrant Households 133 34 Nesstar 200801 S9_FINANCIAL_DECISIONS.NSDstat Surveys fielded to Migrant Households 133 9 Nesstar 200801 S10_HOUSEHOLD_DECISIONS.NSDstat Surveys fielded to Migrant Households 133 16 Nesstar 200801 S11_BACK_COVER.NSDstat Surveys fielded to Migrant Households 133 21 Nesstar 200801 S0_FRONT_COVER.NSDstat Surveys fielded to Partner Households 258 22 Nesstar 200801 S1_HOUSEHOLD_ROSTER.NSDstat Surveys fielded to Partner Households 897 14 Nesstar 200801 S3_DIET_FOOD.NSDstat Surveys fielded to Partner Households 258 57 Nesstar 200801 S3_DWELLING_DURABLES.NSDstat Surveys fielded to Partner Households 258 49 Nesstar 200801 S4A_INWARD_TRANSFERS.NSDstat Surveys fielded to Partner Households 872 14 Nesstar 200801 S4B_OUTWARD_TRANSFERS.NSDstat Surveys fielded to Partner Households 72 14 Nesstar 200801 S5_HOUSEHOLD_EXPENDITURE.NSDstat Surveys fielded to Partner Households 258 23 Nesstar 200801 S6_HOUSEHOLD_INCOME.NSDstat Surveys fielded to Partner Households 258 86 Nesstar 200801 S7_FINANCIAL_DECISIONS.NSDstat Surveys fielded to Partner Households 258 9 Nesstar 200801 Department of Labour code 69 34 10326895 37469509 PrevID 34 69 10010057 10040095 Country of residence 103 0 1 5 1 NZ 59 2 Tonga 33 3 Australia 10 4 USA 0 5 Wales 1 Age 103 0 30 56 Male 103 0 0 1 0 40 1 63 Years of schooling in short survey 103 0 5 12 5 1 6 4 7 10 8 22 9 14 10 19 11 30 12 3 Birthplace 103 0 2 5 1 NZ 0 2 Nukualofa 6 3 Rest of Tongatapu 64 4 Outer Islands 32 5 USA 1 Rent_dwelling 103 0 0 1 0 36 1 67 Household Size 103 0 3 12 3 7 4 5 5 13 6 18 7 20 8 14 9 15 10 8 11 2 12 1 Worked in last week 103 0 1 2 1 83 2 20 Earnings for last week, converted into NZD using April 2015 exchange rates 103 0 0 5000 Original currency of last week earnings 83 0 A$ 8 NZ$ 57 Pound Sterling 1 T$ 17 Usual earnings, converted into NZD using April 2015 exchange rates 103 0 0 4900 Original currency for usual earnings 83 0 A$ 8 NZ$ 57 Pound Sterling 1 T$ 17 Household earnings, converted into NZD using April 2015 exchange rates 103 0 0 5000 Original currency for household earnings 102 0 A$ 10 NZ$ 59 Pound Sterling 1 T$ 32 Number of vehicles 103 0 0 3 0 8 1 55 2 37 3 3 Household owns cellphone 103 0 0 1 0 14 1 89 Household owns computer 103 0 0 1 0 32 1 71 Household owns DVD player 103 0 0 1 0 28 1 75 Household owns microwave 103 0 0 1 0 30 1 73 Household owns washing machine 103 0 0 1 0 11 1 92 Income adequacy: s7q4 on long survey 102 1 1 4 1 10 2 55 3 29 4 8 Sysmiss 1 Cantril ladder today: s8q10 on long survey 103 0 5 8 5 32 6 47 7 18 8 6 Cantril ladder in 5 years: s8q11 on long survey 102 1 5 9 5 26 6 40 7 16 8 17 9 3 Sysmiss 1 Changed occupation in last 5 years: s8q8 on long survey 103 0 0 1 0 86 1 17 Previous job occupation: s8q9a on long survey 18 0 Bus driver 1 Sales & Retail 1 Salesperson 1 care giver 3 cleaner 2 customer service 1 designer 1 meat processor 2 packhouse supervisor 1 road worker 1 welder 4 Previous job code 18 85 27 50 New job occupation: s8q9b on long survey 18 0 Church Minister 2 Disabled 1 Early Childhood teacher 1 Own Business - Managing Director 1 caregiver 1 carpenter 1 contruction 2 farm worker 3 instructor -gym 1 linesman 1 nightfill 1 salesperson 1 security guard 1 teacher aide 1 New Job code 18 85 10 61 Mother lives in Tonga 83 20 1 2 1 45 2 38 Sysmiss 20 Father lives in Tonga 78 25 1 2 1 35 2 43 Sysmiss 25 Elder sister lives in Tonga 89 14 1 2 1 75 2 14 Sysmiss 14 Elder brother lives in Tonga 95 8 1 2 1 78 2 17 Sysmiss 8 Anyone you send regular remittances to 89 14 1 2 1 61 2 28 Sysmiss 14 Frequency of communication with close relative 103 0 1 5 1 Daily 13 2 Several per week 5 3 Weekly 20 4 1 or 2 per month 60 5 Less than monthly 5 Know how much relative earns 103 0 0 1 0 101 1 2 Relative knows how much you earn 103 0 0 1 0 101 1 2 Consult relative on financial decisions 103 0 0 1 0 99 1 4 Relative consults you on financial decisions 103 0 0 1 0 37 1 66 Trust relative to return item loaned 103 0 0 1 0 2 1 101 Remittances sent to Tonga in last year (in April 2015 NZD) 103 0 0 16660 Original currency remittances reported in 61 0 A$ 6 NZ$ 50 Pound Sterling 1 T$ 4 Appl_2002 103 0 0 1 0 91 1 12 Appl_2003 103 0 0 1 0 42 1 61 Appl_2004 103 0 0 1 0 41 1 62 Appl_2005 103 0 0 1 0 56 1 47 Appl_2006 103 0 0 1 0 83 1 20 Appl_2007 103 0 0 1 0 93 1 10 Appl_2008 103 0 0 1 0 94 1 9 Appl_2009 103 0 0 1 0 94 1 9 Appl_2010 103 0 0 1 0 94 1 9 Appl_2011 103 0 0 1 0 97 1 6 Appl_2012 103 0 0 1 0 97 1 6 Appl_2013 103 0 0 1 0 95 1 8 Appl_2014 103 0 0 0 0 103 PACwin_2002 103 0 0 1 0 95 1 8 PACwin_2003 103 0 0 1 0 94 1 9 PACwin_2004 103 0 0 1 0 74 1 29 PACwin_2005 103 0 0 1 0 85 1 18 PACwin_2006 103 0 0 1 0 97 1 6 Mig_2003 103 0 0 1 0 95 1 8 Mig_2004 103 0 0 1 0 97 1 6 Mig_2005 103 0 0 1 0 76 1 27 Mig_2006 103 0 0 1 0 77 1 26 Mig_2011 103 0 0 1 0 101 1 2 Mig_2013 103 0 0 1 0 102 1 1 Health complaints in last 6 months 102 1 0 1 0 80 1 22 Sysmiss 1 Currently smoke 103 0 0 1 0 54 1 49 Prefer $1000 today or $900 in one year: s8q12a in long survey 103 0 1 1 1 103 Prefer $1000 today or $1000 in one year: s8q12b in long survey 103 0 1 1 1 103 Prefer $1000 today or $1100 in one year: s8q12c in long survey 103 0 1 2 1 80 2 23 Prefer $1000 today or $1500 in one year: s8q12d in long survey 81 22 1 2 1 34 2 47 Sysmiss 22 Would take risky job 103 0 0 1 0 32 1 71 Willingness to take risks 103 0 3 8 3 1 4 11 5 16 6 20 7 40 8 15 Believe can succeed on your own 103 0 1 2 1 71 2 32 Believe money important to being happy 103 0 1 3 1 31 2 58 3 14 Believe effort has reward 103 0 1 3 1 34 2 68 3 1 Believe other people can be trusted 103 0 1 2 1 88 2 15 Currently a migrant 103 0 0 1 0 33 1 70 Has migrated onto third country 103 0 0 1 0 92 1 11 Years of schooling 103 0 9 16 9 1 10 4 11 10 12 22 13 14 14 49 16 3 Has tertiary education 103 0 0 1 0 51 1 52 Born on outer islands 103 0 0 1 0 71 1 32 Currently employed 103 0 0 1 0 20 1 83 Mother in Tonga 103 0 0 1 0 58 1 45 Father in Tonga 103 0 0 1 0 68 1 35 Sister in Tonga 103 0 0 1 0 28 1 75 Brother in Tonga 103 0 0 1 0 25 1 78 Other Remittance recipient in Tonga 103 0 0 1 0 42 1 61 Year migrated onto third country 103 0 0 2014 Migrated through the PAC 103 0 0 1 0 42 1 61 Won the PAC ballot 103 0 0 1 0 39 1 64 Data collected in the long survey (1=Yes, 0=No) 103 0 0 0 0 103 Household Number 150 0 11012009 42092141 Island and Village Code 150 0 1101 4209 Household Number 150 0 2001 2150 Household been in previous PINZMS? 101 49 1 2 1 1=Yes 60 2 2=No 41 Sysmiss 49 Code Number used: 0 0 PAC Applicant Mother in Household 150 0 1 2 1 1 = Yes 17 2 2 = No 133 PAC Applicant Father in Household 150 0 1 2 1 1 = Yes 7 2 2 = No 143 PAC Applicant Sister in Household 149 1 1 2 1 1 = Yes 2 2 2 = No 147 Sysmiss 1 PAC Applicant Brother in Household 149 1 1 2 1 1 = Yes 1 2 2 = No 148 Sysmiss 1 Relation to PAC Applicant 24 126 1 4 1 1=Mother 15 2 2=Father 5 3 3=Sister 3 4 4=Brother 1 Sysmiss 126 PAC Applicant Mother in Tonga 123 27 1 2 1 1 = Yes 40 2 2 = No 83 Sysmiss 27 PAC Applicant Father in Tonga 116 34 1 2 1 1 = Yes 18 2 2 = No 98 Sysmiss 34 PAC Applicant Sister in Tonga 106 44 1 2 1 1 = Yes 46 2 2 = No 60 Sysmiss 44 PAC Applicant Brother in Tonga 90 60 1 2 1 1 = Yes 40 2 2 = No 50 Sysmiss 60 Relation to PAC Applicant Tonga 126 24 1 4 1 1=Mother 37 2 2=Father 9 3 3=Sister 44 4 4=Brother 36 Sysmiss 24 Partner HHid 124 26 4034 4258 Day 150 0 5 31 Month 150 0 1 11 1 13 2 5 3 1 4 9 5 13 7 34 8 48 9 13 10 10 11 4 Year 150 0 2013 2014 2013 51 2014 99 Day 150 0 1 31 Month 150 0 1 12 1 10 2 3 3 5 4 1 5 9 6 12 8 36 9 8 10 60 11 2 12 4 Year 150 0 2013 2014 2013 51 2014 99 Day 150 0 1 31 Month 150 0 1 13 1 10 2 3 3 5 4 1 5 9 6 12 8 28 9 8 10 66 11 3 12 4 13 1 Year 150 0 2013 2014 2013 51 2014 99 Household Number 726 0 11012009 42092141 Person ID 726 0 1 10 1 150 2 148 3 142 4 118 5 76 6 48 7 24 8 9 9 7 10 4 Q1. Age 726 0 0 83 Q3. Sex 726 0 1 2 1 Male 361 2 Female 365 Q4. Relationship 726 0 1 9 1 Household Head 150 2 Spouse 133 3 Own/Adopted child 399 4 Son/Daughter-in-law 5 5 Parent 18 6 Parent-in-law 4 7 Brother/Sister 4 8 Grandchild 9 9 Other relative 4 10 Non-relative 0 Q5. Education 726 0 0 12 0 0=No schooling 76 1 1=Years 1 to 6 (Primary) 141 2 2=Year 7 (Form 1) 49 3 3=Year 8 (Form 2) 45 4 4=Year 9 (Form 3) 50 5 5=Year 10 (Form 4) 76 6 6=Year 11 (Lower 5) 113 7 7=Year 12 (Upper 6) 69 8 8=Year 13 (Form 7) 27 9 9=Teachers College 27 10 10=Polytechnic 5 11 11=University Degree 14 12 12=Other Qualification 34 Q6. Studying 722 4 1 2 1 Yes 306 2 No 416 Sysmiss 4 Q7. NZ Experience 717 9 1 2 1 Yes 266 2 No 451 Sysmiss 9 Q8. Physical Activity 673 53 0 6 0 81 1 84 2 112 3 22 4 15 5 6 6 353 Sysmiss 53 Q9. Weekly income - past 12 months 358 368 0 410 Q10. Activity 356 370 1 3 1 1=yes 162 2 2=no 187 3 3=temporary work overseas 7 Sysmiss 370 Q11. Employer 162 564 1 4 1 Paid Employee 156 2 Employer 1 3 Self-employed and without employees 4 4 Unpaid family family worker 1 5 Don't know 0 Sysmiss 564 Q12. Total earnings last WEEK 162 564 10 450 Household Number 689 0 11012009 42092141 Person ID 689 0 1 10 1 150 2 148 3 137 4 109 5 70 6 42 7 20 8 6 9 4 10 3 Q1. Self-evaluation of health 687 2 1 3 1 1=very good 29 2 2=good 612 3 3=average 46 4 4=bad 0 5 5=very bad 0 Sysmiss 2 Q2. Any health complaints 683 6 1 2 1 1=yes 72 2 2=no 611 Sysmiss 6 Q3. Smoke? 401 288 1 2 1 1=Yes 108 2 2=No 293 Sysmiss 288 Q4. How many cigarettes 107 582 1 2 1 1=1 to 10 103 2 2=11 to 20 4 3 3=21 to 30 0 4 4=31 to 40 0 5 5=41 to 50 0 6 6=51 to 60 0 7 7=more than 60 0 8 8=don't know 0 Sysmiss 582 Q5. Drink alcohol? 393 296 1 2 1 1=Yes 65 2 2=No 328 Sysmiss 296 Q6. How Frequent? 65 624 1 4 1 1=5 or more days a week 7 2 2=1-4 days a week 26 3 3=1-3 days a month 31 4 4=less than once a month 1 Sysmiss 624 Q7. How many/day? 63 626 1 3 1 1=one or two 17 2 2=three or four 41 3 3=five or six 5 4 4=seven to nine 0 5 5=ten or more 0 Sysmiss 626 Household Number 427 0 11012009 42092141 Person ID 423 4 1 9 1 150 2 144 3 65 4 35 5 16 6 9 7 3 9 1 Sysmiss 4 Q1. Times happy 395 32 1 3 1 1=always 21 2 2=very often 260 3 3=sometimes 114 4 4=almost never 0 5 5=never 0 Sysmiss 32 Q2. Times calm & peaceful 395 32 1 4 1 1=always 7 2 2=very often 210 3 3=sometimes 175 4 4=almost never 3 5 5=never 0 Sysmiss 32 Q3. Times nervous 395 32 1 5 1 1=always 1 2 2=very often 29 3 3=sometimes 262 4 4=almost never 98 5 5=never 5 Sysmiss 32 Q4. Times down-hearted 395 32 2 5 1 1=always 0 2 2=very often 13 3 3=sometimes 108 4 4=almost never 250 5 5=never 24 Sysmiss 32 Q5. Times depressed 395 32 2 5 1 1=always 0 2 2=very often 18 3 3=sometimes 77 4 4=almost never 180 5 5=never 120 Sysmiss 32 Household Number 722 0 11012009 42092141 Person ID 722 0 1 10 1 150 2 148 3 141 4 117 5 76 6 46 7 24 8 9 9 7 10 4 Q1. DOB_day 365 0 01 9 02 17 03 20 04 14 05 31 06 9 07 3 08 7 09 6 1 4 10 21 11 12 12 12 13 16 14 15 15 9 16 6 17 11 18 12 19 10 2 1 20 6 21 9 22 6 23 19 24 7 25 13 26 9 27 13 28 4 29 10 3 2 30 5 31 6 4 2 5 4 6 1 7 2 8 1 9 1 Q1. DOB_month 365 0 01 19 02 28 03 33 04 28 05 31 06 24 07 32 08 25 09 17 1 5 10 30 11 30 12 35 2 5 3 3 4 1 5 1 6 5 7 5 8 5 9 3 Q1. DOB_year 720 0 00 19 01 24 02 35 03 29 04 29 05 18 06 23 07 18 08 14 09 18 10 25 11 14 12 16 13 10 14 1 31 1 35 1 39 2 41 2 42 1 43 1 44 1 45 1 46 2 49 4 50 4 51 3 53 1 54 2 55 2 56 1 57 1 58 4 59 2 60 5 61 3 62 6 63 15 64 5 65 19 66 14 67 20 68 13 69 6 70 10 71 10 72 7 73 11 74 10 75 11 76 20 77 9 78 11 79 14 80 5 81 12 82 8 83 7 84 6 85 6 86 5 87 7 88 3 89 4 90 3 91 8 92 8 93 6 94 6 95 11 96 9 97 14 98 19 99 25 Q2. BP systolic 313 409 70 190 Q2. BP diastolic 313 409 40 130 Q2. BP pulse rate 313 409 56 901 Q3. Height 626 96 29.5 183.5 Q4. Wearing shoes when measured? 638 84 1 2 1 1=Yes 1 2 2=No 637 Sysmiss 84 Q5. Weight 640 82 11.4 160 Q6. Attire when weighed 639 83 1 3 1 1=Winter-weight clothing 11 2 2=Very light clothing 569 3 3=Clothing between light and winter 59 Sysmiss 83 Q7. Waist circumfrance 638 84 8 145 Q8. Hip circumfrance 630 92 0 148 Q9. Peak Flow reading1 594 128 60 651 Q9. Peak Flow reading2 594 128 60 665 Q9. Peak Flow reading3 594 128 60 710 Household Number 150 0 11012009 42092141 Tinned Fish 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 15 2 2=No 135 Meals 15 135 1 1 1 15 Sysmiss 135 Fresh Fish 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 37 2 2=No 113 Meals 37 113 1 2 1 8 2 29 Sysmiss 113 Corned Beef 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 11 2 2=No 139 Meals 11 139 1 2 1 7 2 4 Sysmiss 139 Fresh Beef 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 3 2 2=No 147 Meals 3 147 1 2 1 1 2 2 Sysmiss 147 Mutton 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 5 2 2=No 145 Meals 5 145 2 2 2 5 Sysmiss 145 Pork 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 19 2 2=No 131 Meals 19 131 2 2 2 19 Sysmiss 131 Chicken 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 55 2 2=No 95 Meals 55 95 1 2 1 19 2 36 Sysmiss 95 Other Meat (eg Sausage) 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 6 2 2=No 144 Meals 6 144 2 2 2 6 Sysmiss 144 Taro 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 6 2 2=No 144 Meals 6 144 1 2 1 1 2 5 Sysmiss 144 Taro Taruas 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 33 2 2=No 117 Meals 33 117 1 2 1 12 2 21 Sysmiss 117 Kumara (Sweet Potato) 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 20 2 2=No 130 Meals 20 130 1 2 1 5 2 15 Sysmiss 130 Taamu/Kape 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 20 2 2=No 130 Meals 20 130 2 2 2 20 Sysmiss 130 Yams 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 10 2 2=No 140 Meals 10 140 2 2 2 10 Sysmiss 140 Cassava/Manioc 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 95 2 2=No 55 Meals 95 55 1 2 1 27 2 68 Sysmiss 55 Potato 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 3 2 2=No 147 Meals 3 147 2 2 2 3 Sysmiss 147 Other Vegetables 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 54 2 2=No 96 Meals 54 96 1 2 1 17 2 37 Sysmiss 96 Coconut (fresh and dry) 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 130 2 2=No 20 Meals 130 20 1 2 1 39 2 91 Sysmiss 20 Banana 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 77 2 2=No 73 Meals 77 73 1 2 1 22 2 55 Sysmiss 73 Guava 150 0 2 2 1 1=Yes 0 2 2=No 150 Meals 0 150 Sysmiss 150 Pawpaw 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 3 2 2=No 147 Meals 3 147 1 2 1 1 2 2 Sysmiss 147 Mango 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 12 2 2=No 138 Meals 12 138 2 2 2 12 Sysmiss 138 Other Fruit 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 64 2 2=No 86 Meals 64 86 1 2 1 1 2 63 Sysmiss 86 Bread 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 84 2 2=No 66 Meals 84 66 1 2 1 78 2 6 Sysmiss 66 Rice 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 26 2 2=No 124 Meals 26 124 1 2 1 24 2 2 Sysmiss 124 Milk 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 35 2 2=No 115 Meals 35 115 1 2 1 34 2 1 Sysmiss 115 Takeaways 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 14 2 2=No 136 Meals 14 136 1 2 1 13 2 1 Sysmiss 136 Sweets/chocolates/lollies 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 37 2 2=No 113 Softdrinks 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 94 2 2=No 56 Tea 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 136 2 2=No 14 Alcohol 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 3 2 2=No 147 Household Number 150 0 11012009 42092141 Mobile (cell) phone - 400 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 61 2 2=No 89 Cameras - 401 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 29 2 2=No 121 Radios/Cassette players/Stereos - 402 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 145 2 2=No 5 Television sets - 403 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 124 2 2=No 26 Video recorder - 404 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 3 2 2=No 147 DVD player - 405 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 5 2 2=No 145 Computer - 406 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 19 2 2=No 131 Refrigerator - 407 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 53 2 2=No 97 Freezer - 408 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 1 2 2=No 149 Gas or electric oven - 409 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 91 2 2=No 59 Kerosene cooker - 410 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 47 2 2=No 103 Microwave oven - 411 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 3 2 2=No 147 Washing machine - 412 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 44 2 2=No 106 Sewing machines - 414 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 62 2 2=No 88 Electric iron - 415 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 138 2 2=No 12 Electric fan - 416 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 37 2 2=No 113 Generators - 417 150 0 2 2 1 1=Yes 0 2 2=No 150 Canoes or dinghies - 418 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 16 2 2=No 134 Outboard motors - 420 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 3 2 2=No 147 Bicycles - 421 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 118 2 2=No 32 Motorcycles - 422 150 0 2 2 1 1=Yes 0 2 2=No 150 Cars or pickup trucks - 423 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 106 2 2=No 44 Forestry Equipment - 424 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 90 2 2=No 60 Tractors - 425 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 1 2 2=No 149 Pigs 150 0 0 18 0 17 2 9 3 1 4 13 5 3 6 14 8 28 9 1 10 20 11 17 12 3 13 4 14 2 15 17 18 1 Chickens 150 0 0 16 0 20 2 2 3 1 4 10 5 1 6 21 8 44 9 2 10 12 11 17 12 6 13 8 15 5 16 1 Cattle 150 0 0 20 0 67 1 23 2 40 3 14 4 3 5 1 6 1 20 1 Goats 150 0 0 0 0 150 Horses 150 0 0 2 0 123 1 25 2 2 Sheep 150 0 0 5 0 148 2 1 5 1 Q3_A. Anyone have bank account? 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 148 2 2=No 2 Q3_A. Owner count 148 2 1 4 1 72 2 67 3 6 4 3 Sysmiss 2 Q3_B. Anyone have eftpos card? 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 148 2 2=No 2 Q3_B. Owner count 148 2 1 4 1 72 2 67 3 6 4 3 Sysmiss 2 Q3_C. Anyone have savings account? 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 148 2 2=No 2 Q3_C. Owner count 148 2 1 11 1 71 2 67 3 6 4 3 11 1 Sysmiss 2 Q3_D. Anyone have credit card 150 0 2 2 1 1=Yes 0 2 2=No 150 Q3_D. Owner count 1 149 0 0 0 1 Sysmiss 149 Q3_E. Anyone have a microfinance loan? 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 69 2 2=No 81 Q3_E. Owner count 68 82 1 2 1 54 2 14 Sysmiss 82 Q3_F. Anyone have loan from a moneylender? 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 16 2 2=No 134 Q3_F. Owner count 16 134 1 2 1 11 2 5 Sysmiss 134 Q4. Approximate total of all household savings 150 0 0 10000 Q5. Approximate total of all household debts owed 150 0 0 180000 Q6. Approximate value of all household assets 150 0 500 15800 Q7. Main form of distance communication 148 2 1 7 1 Fixed-line telephone 90 2 Mobile (cell) phone 49 3 Public telephone/call centre 4 4 Internet/email within dwelling 0 5 Outside internet/email 0 6 Letter or telegram 2 7 Other 3 8 None, do not communicate long distance 0 Sysmiss 2 Q8. Number of vehicles in household 150 0 0 3 0 44 1 100 2 5 3 1 Q9. Any dwelling additions/improvements? 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 70 2 2=No 80 Household Number 433 0 11012009 42092141 Q2a. Code 406 27 501 510 501 33 502 1 503 12 504 22 505 154 506 101 507 36 508 12 509 19 510 16 Sysmiss 27 Q2b. Country of residence 406 27 1 3 1 1=New Zealand 182 2 2=Australia 150 3 3=USA 74 4 4=Other 0 Sysmiss 27 Q2c. Sex of remitter 406 27 1 2 1 1=Male 182 2 2=Female 224 Sysmiss 27 Q2d. Age of remitter 406 27 20 70 Q3. Month of Remittance 406 27 1 12 1 68 2 6 3 16 4 5 5 67 6 32 7 31 8 11 9 28 10 16 11 36 12 90 Sysmiss 27 Q4. Total value of money received 406 27 0 3000 Q5. Method of Remittance 401 32 1 7 1 1=Western Union 47 2 2=Melie mei Langi 218 3 3=ATM or remittance card 0 4 4=Mobile money 0 5 5=Bank transfer 0 6 6=Carried cash 90 7 7=Other (specify) 46 Sysmiss 32 Q5_other 29 0 MONEYGRAM 28 MPNEYGRAM 1 Q6. Total value of goods received 400 33 0 800 Q7. Any received for special purposes? 406 27 1 2 1 Yes 138 2 No 268 Sysmiss 27 Q8a. Purpose 1 137 0 1 19 2 6 3 1 4 58 5 1 6 11 7 41 Q8b. Purpose 2 0 0 Q8c. Purpose 3 1 0 . 1 Household Number 26 0 11052094 41042068 Q2a. Code 26 0 503 510 503 2 504 3 505 9 506 6 507 1 509 3 510 2 Q2b. Country of residence 26 0 1 3 1 1=New Zealand 12 2 2=Australia 10 3 3=USA 4 4 4=Other 0 Q2c. Sex of recipient 26 0 1 2 1 1=Male 12 2 2=Female 14 Q2d. Age of recipient 26 0 32 70 Q3. Month of Sending Remittance 26 0 1 12 1 4 2 1 3 2 5 2 6 4 7 3 8 1 11 1 12 8 Q4. Total value of money sent 25 1 0 300 Q5. Method of Remittance 17 9 6 6 1 1=Western Union 0 2 2=Melie mei Langi 0 3 3=ATM or remittance card 0 4 4=Mobile money 0 5 5=Bank transfer 0 6 6=Carried cash 17 7 7=Other (specify) 0 Sysmiss 9 Q5_other 0 0 Q6. Total value of goods sent 26 0 0 6400 Q7. Any sent for special purposes? 26 0 1 2 1 Yes 5 2 No 21 Q8a. Purpose 1 5 0 2 4 6 1 Q8b. Purpose 2 0 0 Q8c. Purpose 3 0 0 Household Number 150 0 11012009 42092141 Q1a. Weekly spending on home groceries 150 0 10 300 Q1b. Weekly spending on eating out 145 5 0 85 Q1c. Weekly spending on other daily needs 150 0 2 85 Q2a. Monthly spending on housing 150 0 2 40 Q2b. Monthly spending on fuel/light 149 1 5 210 Q2c. Monthly spending on non-durable h/hold goods 76 74 0 10 0 73 2 1 10 2 Sysmiss 74 Q2d. Monthly spending on health needs 102 48 0 50 Q2e. Monthly spending on running vehicle 125 25 0 450 Q2f. Monthly spending on communication 149 1 0 210 Q2g. Monthly spending on recreation/entertainment 97 53 0 150 Q2h. Monthly spending on community obligations 149 1 0 500 Q2i. Monthly spending on interest payments 117 33 0 680 Q2j. Monthly spending on gambling 79 71 0 0 0 79 Sysmiss 71 Q3a. Past 6 months spending on clothing/footwear 145 5 0 300 Q3b. Past 6 months spending on education 136 14 0 400 Q3c. Past 6 months spending on electronic goods 80 70 0 650 Q3d. Past 6 months spending on household furnishings 83 67 0 850 Q3e. Past 6 months spending on household applicances 93 57 0 750 Q3f. Past 6 months spending on own business investments 111 39 0 350 Q3g. Past 6 months spending on family and friends 96 54 0 400 Q4. Domestic transfers received? 149 1 0 0 0 149 Sysmiss 1 Q5. Domestic transfers given out? 149 1 0 300 Household Number 150 0 11012009 42092141 Q1. Months selling fish last 12 months 150 0 0 7 0 133 2 2 3 4 4 5 5 4 6 1 7 1 Q2. Average net monthly income from fish last 12 months 17 133 100 800 Q3. Months sold crops in Tonga in last 12 months 150 0 0 8 0 110 2 4 3 13 4 6 5 4 6 12 8 1 Q4. Average net monthly income from crops in last 12 months 40 110 150 500 Q5. Months sold livestock in Tonga in last 12 months 150 0 0 5 0 60 1 26 2 45 3 13 4 3 5 3 Q6. Average net monthly income from livestock in last 12 months 90 60 120 2300 Q7. Months selling tapa clothes or mats in last 12 months 150 0 0 6 0 75 1 36 2 29 3 9 6 1 Q8. Average net monthly income from tapa clothes or mats in last 12 months 76 74 0 4000 Q9. Fortnight pension/superannuation/investments etc 150 0 0 8 0 149 8 1 Q10.01 Banana 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 64 2 2=No 86 Quantity 64 86 1 2 1 61 2 3 Sysmiss 86 Unit 64 0 BUNCH 63 BUNCHES 1 Value 64 86 10 30 10 42 15 16 20 5 30 1 Sysmiss 86 Q10.02 Breadfruit 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 50 2 2=No 100 Quantity 50 100 1 2 1 48 2 2 Sysmiss 100 Unit 50 0 BASKET 48 BSK 1 HEAP 1 Value 50 100 10 30 10 19 15 29 30 2 Sysmiss 100 Q10.03 Coconut 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 147 2 2=No 3 Quantity 147 3 1 2 1 144 2 3 Sysmiss 3 Unit 147 0 BASKET 142 BASKETS 1 BASKETY 1 BASKT 1 BSK 1 BSKT 1 Value 147 3 10 30 10 66 12 1 15 74 20 4 30 2 Sysmiss 3 Q10.04 Mango 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 4 2 2=No 146 Quantity 4 146 1 2 1 3 2 1 Sysmiss 146 Unit 4 0 BASKET 4 Value 4 146 20 20 20 4 Sysmiss 146 Q10.05 Pawpaw 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 10 2 2=No 140 Quantity 10 140 1 1 1 10 Sysmiss 140 Unit 10 0 BASKET 7 HEAP 3 Value 10 140 10 10 10 10 Sysmiss 140 Q10.06 Pineapple 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 1 2 2=No 149 Quantity 1 149 1 1 1 1 Sysmiss 149 Unit 1 0 HEAP 1 Value 1 149 10 10 10 1 Sysmiss 149 Q10.07 American Taro 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 34 2 2=No 116 Quantity 34 116 1 2 1 32 2 2 Sysmiss 116 Unit 33 0 BASKET 28 BUNDLE 5 Value 34 116 15 50 Q10.08 Common Taro 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 23 2 2=No 127 Quantity 23 127 1 6 1 21 2 1 6 1 Sysmiss 127 Unit 23 0 BASKET 4 BUNDLE 17 BUNDLES 1 UNITS 1 Value 23 127 20 60 Q10.09 Taamu/Kape 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 32 2 2=No 118 Quantity 32 118 2 10 2 2 4 11 6 11 8 3 10 5 Sysmiss 118 Unit 32 0 UNIT 1 UNITS 31 Value 32 118 10 100 Q10.10 Cassava/Manioc 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 116 2 2=No 34 Quantity 116 34 1 2 1 111 2 5 Sysmiss 34 Unit 116 0 BAASKET 1 BASKET 112 BASKETS 1 BSKET 1 BSKT 1 Value 116 34 10 80 Q10.11 Yam 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 16 2 2=No 134 Quantity 16 134 1 2 1 15 2 1 Sysmiss 134 Unit 16 0 BASKET 14 BASKETS 1 BSK 1 Value 16 134 30 200 Q10.12 Sweet Potato/Kumala 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 10 2 2=No 140 Quantity 10 140 1 2 1 9 2 1 Sysmiss 140 Unit 10 0 BASKET 10 Value 10 140 20 40 20 8 30 1 40 1 Sysmiss 140 Q10.13 Cabbage 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 57 2 2=No 93 Quantity 57 93 1 2 1 53 2 4 Sysmiss 93 Unit 57 0 BASKET 1 HEAP 53 HEAPS 3 Value 57 93 10 20 10 49 15 4 20 4 Sysmiss 93 Q10.14 Squash, tomatoes, other veges 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 25 2 2=No 125 Quantity 25 125 1 1 1 25 Sysmiss 125 Unit 25 0 HEAP 25 Value 25 125 10 15 10 24 15 1 Sysmiss 125 Q10.15 Eggs 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 3 2 2=No 147 Quantity 3 147 1 1 1 3 Sysmiss 147 Unit 3 0 TRAY 3 Value 3 147 15 15 15 3 Sysmiss 147 Q10.16 Fish, crab, seafood 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 64 2 2=No 86 Quantity 64 0 001 31 002 5 1 26 2 2 Unit 64 0 ESKIES 1 ESKY 61 STRING 2 Value 64 86 20 100 Q10.17 Chicken 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 79 2 2=No 71 Quantity 79 71 1 6 1 38 2 33 3 3 4 3 6 2 Sysmiss 71 Unit 79 0 UNIT 38 UNITS 41 Value 79 71 10 60 Q10.18 Pig 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 26 2 2=No 124 Quantity 26 124 1 4 1 7 2 17 4 2 Sysmiss 124 Unit 26 0 UNIT 7 UNITS 19 Value 26 124 80 400 Q10.19 Beef 150 0 2 2 1 1=Yes 0 2 2=No 150 Quantity 0 150 Sysmiss 150 Unit 0 0 Value 0 150 Sysmiss 150 Household Number 150 0 11012009 42092141 S8PID 150 0 1 2 1 148 2 2 Q1. Entered PAC ballot 2002? 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 1 2 2=No 149 Q1. Entered PAC ballot 2003? 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 25 2 2=No 125 Q1. Entered PAC ballot 2004? 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 57 2 2=No 93 Q1. Entered PAC ballot 2005? 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 121 2 2=No 29 Q1. Entered PAC ballot 2006? 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 105 2 2=No 45 Q1. Entered PAC ballot 2007? 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 131 2 2=No 19 Q2. Ever win a ballot? 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 6 2 2=No 144 Q3. Where were you born 150 0 2 4 1 1=NZ 0 2 2=Nuku'alofa 14 3 3=Rest of Tongatapu 100 4 4=Outer Islands 36 5 5=Other 0 Q4. Ever been to NZ? 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 111 2 2=No 39 Q5. Month of first arrival 104 0 01 2 02 2 03 5 05 4 06 8 07 3 08 4 09 1 10 32 11 25 12 16 5 1 6 1 Q5. Year of first arrival 105 0 00 3 01 2 03 1 04 1 05 7 06 6 07 4 08 7 09 12 10 40 11 13 12 5 89 1 95 1 98 1 99 1 Q6. Religion 150 0 1 9 1 1=Church of Tonga 4 2 2=Free Wesleyan Church 81 3 3=Catholic 22 4 4=Methodist 0 5 5=Mormon 18 6 6=SDA 3 7 7=Assembly of God 5 8 8=Free Church of Tonga 11 9 9=Other 6 10 10=None 0 Q7. Ever had a paid job/consultancy? 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 111 2 2=No 39 Q8 Changed job in last 5 years? 112 38 1 2 1 1=Yes 18 2 2=No 94 Sysmiss 38 Q9 Previous Job 17 0 ARMY 1 BABY SITTER 1 BAKER 1 CONSTRUCTION WORKER 3 ENGINEER 1 FARMER 1 FARMER (TONGA) 1 FARMER IN TONGA 1 IT TECHNICIAN 1 OFFICE WORKER 1 SECRETARY 1 SHOPKEEPER 1 SOLDIER 1 WAITRESS 2 Q9 Current Job 17 0 DOMESTIC 1 FARMER 5 HOME DUTY 1 HOUSEWIFE 2 OWN BUSINESS 1 RETIRED 1 RSE IN NZ 08/13 TO 01/14 1 RSE WORKER 1 RSE WORKER 10/13 TO 03/14 1 UNEMPLOYED 2 UNEMPLOYED/DOMESTIC 1 Q10. Poor to Rich scale 150 0 4 8 4 2 5 38 6 98 7 11 8 1 Q11. Level of respect scale 150 0 4 8 4 1 5 15 6 71 7 51 8 12 Q12a. Receive $1000 today, or $900 next year? 150 0 1 1 1 1=$1000 today 150 2 2=$900 one year from today 0 Q12b. Receive $1000 today, or $1000 next year? 150 0 1 2 1 1=$1000 today 149 2 2=$1000 one year from today 1 Q12c. Receive $1000 today, or $1100 next year? 150 0 1 2 1 1=$1000 today 129 2 2=$1100 one year from today 21 Q12d. Receive $1000 today, or $1500 next year? 134 16 1 2 1 1=$1000 today 38 2 2=$1500 one year from today 96 Sysmiss 16 Q13. Would you risk taking a new uncertain job? 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 76 2 2=No 74 Q14a. Receive $1000 at xmas 2014, or $900 at xmas 2015? 150 0 1 2 1 1=$1000 xmas 2014 147 2 2=$900 xmas 2015 3 Q14b. Receive $1000 at xmas 2014, or $1000 at xmas 2015? 148 2 1 2 1 1=$1000 today 147 2 2=$1000 one year from today 1 Sysmiss 2 Q14c. Receive $1000 at xmas 2014, or $1100 at xmas 2015? 148 2 1 2 1 1=$1000 at xmas 2014 130 2 2=$1100 at xmas 2015 18 Sysmiss 2 Q14d. Receive $1000 at xmas 2014, or $1500 at xmas 2015? 137 13 1 2 1 1=$1000 at xmas 2014 33 2 2=$1500 at xmas 2015 104 Sysmiss 13 Q15 Willingness to take risks 149 1 1 8 1 1 4 2 5 14 6 91 7 36 8 5 Sysmiss 1 Q16. Believe it is possible to succeed on own, or as part of group? 150 0 1 2 1 1=It is possible to be successful on your own 124 2 2=A large group is necessary to be successful 26 Q17. Believe having money is important to being happy? 150 0 1 3 1 1=It is indispensable to being happy 39 2 2=It is very important to being happy 105 3 3=It is important to being happy 6 4 4=It is not important to being happy 0 Q18. Believe hard work pays better? 150 0 1 3 1 1=Much better off than those who do not put in an effort 62 2 2=Better off than those who do not put in an effort 81 3 3=Worse off than those who do not put in an effort 7 4 4=Much worse off than those who do not put in an effort 0 Q19. Believe Tongans trust one another? 150 0 1 2 1 1=You can trust others 100 2 2=You cannot trust others 50 Household Number 150 0 11012009 42092141 PAC Person 1 ID: 150 0 1 10 1 145 2 4 10 1 Q1. Chosen Business 150 0 A 10 B 11 C 29 D 22 E 29 F 35 G 5 H 9 Q2. Most important Financial Decision-making Time 150 0 A 112 B 38 Q3a. Day-to-day spending/bills 150 0 1 5 1 1. Always made by myself 1 2 2. Usually made by myself 6 3 3. Shared between me and someone else in HH in Tonga 142 4 4. Shared between me and extended family in Tonga 0 5 5. Shared between myself & extended family outside Tonga 1 Q3b. Large household purchases 150 0 2 5 1 1. Always made by myself 0 2 2. Usually made by myself 2 3 3. Shared between me and someone else in HH in Tonga 118 4 4. Shared between me and extended family in Tonga 0 5 5. Shared between myself & extended family outside Tonga 30 Q3c. Making large donations 150 0 1 5 1 1. Always made by myself 1 2 2. Usually made by myself 3 3 3. Shared between me and someone else in HH in Tonga 110 4 4. Shared between me and extended family in Tonga 1 5 5. Shared between myself & extended family outside Tonga 35 Q3d. Employment & small business activities 150 0 1 5 1 1. Always made by myself 1 2 2. Usually made by myself 23 3 3. Shared between me and someone else in HH in Tonga 125 4 4. Shared between me and extended family in Tonga 0 5 5. Shared between myself & extended family outside Tonga 1 Q3e. Savings, Investments, Borrowings 150 0 1 5 1 1. Always made by myself 1 2 2. Usually made by myself 16 3 3. Shared between me and someone else in HH in Tonga 131 4 4. Shared between me and extended family in Tonga 0 5 5. Shared between myself & extended family outside Tonga 2 Household Number 150 0 11012009 42092141 Person ID answering questions 150 0 1 2 1 146 2 4 Relation to PAC Applicant 26 124 1 4 1 1=Mother 18 2 2=Father 5 3 3=Sister 2 4 4=Brother 1 Sysmiss 124 Relation to PAC Applicant 124 26 1 4 1 1=Mother 36 2 2=Father 10 3 3=Sister 43 4 4=Brother 35 Sysmiss 26 Q1. Frequency of communication with other player 150 0 1 4 1 1=Daily 26 2 2=Several times a week 68 3 3=Weekly 21 4 4=Once or twice a month 35 5 5=Less than monthly 0 Q2. Know how much other person earns monthly? 139 11 1 3 1 1=Yes 4 2 2=No 59 3 3=NA 76 Sysmiss 11 Q3. Other player know how much you earn monthly? 141 9 1 3 1 1=Yes 15 2 2=No 90 3 3=NA 36 Sysmiss 9 Q4. How frequently do you give money to other player? 150 0 1 4 1 1=At least monthly 7 2 2=Several times a year 99 3 3=Once a year 6 4 4=Less than yearly or never 38 Q5. How frequently does other player give you money? 150 0 2 4 1 1=At least monthly 0 2 2=Several times a year 64 3 3=Once a year 3 4 4=Less than yearly or never 83 Q6. Typically consult with other player when making financial decisions? 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 80 2 2=No 70 Q7. Does other player typically consult you when making financial decisions? 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 80 2 2=No 70 Q8. Do you trust lending your possessions to other player? 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 122 2 2=No 28 Q9a. Both own any bank accounts? 150 0 2 2 1 1=Yes 0 2 2=No 150 Q9b. Both own any land? 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 145 2 2=No 5 Q9c. Both own any livestock? 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 112 2 2=No 38 Q9d. Both own any Household business? 150 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 62 2 2=No 88 Household Number 150 0 11012009 42092141 Order Game played in 150 0 ABC 24 ACB 22 BAC 27 BCA 28 CAB 24 CBA 25 A.a How much of 300 will you keep? 150 0 20 250 A.b How much will you give to other player? 150 0 50 280 A.c How much will other player put into bonus pot? 150 0 10 505 A.d Other Player: how much of received money is kept? 150 0 0 150 A.e Other Player: how much is transferred to bonus pot? 150 0 10 250 A. Dice number 150 0 30 960 B.a How much of 300 will you keep? 150 0 20 250 B.b How much will you give to other player? 150 0 50 250 B.c How much will other player put into bonus pot? 150 0 1 250 B.d Other Player: how much of received money is kept? 150 0 0 200 B.e Other Player: how much is transferred to bonus pot? 150 0 20 300 B. Dice number 150 0 20 960 C. Windfall 150 0 100 500 C.a How much of the windfall will you keep? 150 0 10 400 C.b How much will you give to other player? 150 0 20 450 C.c How much will other player put into bonus pot? 150 0 10 400 C.d Other Player: how much of received money is kept? 150 0 0 200 C.e Other Player: how much is transferred to bonus pot? 150 0 0 390 C. Dice number 150 0 0 999 Household Number 45 0 1001 1045 Order Game played in 45 0 ABC 8 ACB 8 BAC 8 BCA 9 CAB 6 CBA 6 A.a How much of 300 will you keep? 45 0 50 200 A.b How much will you give to other player? 45 0 100 250 A.c How much will other player put into bonus pot? 45 0 50 150 A.d Other Player: how much of received money is kept? 45 0 0 150 A.e Other Player: how much is transferred to bonus pot? 45 0 20 200 A. Dice number 45 0 20 800 B.a How much of 300 will you keep? 45 0 50 200 B.b How much will you give to other player? 45 0 100 250 B.c How much will other player put into bonus pot? 45 0 10 200 B.d Other Player: how much of received money is kept? 45 0 0 150 B.e Other Player: how much is transferred to bonus pot? 45 0 0 200 B. Dice number 45 0 0 600 C. Windfall 45 0 100 500 C.a How much of the windfall will you keep? 45 0 10 400 C.b How much will you give to other player? 45 0 20 300 C.c How much will other player put into bonus pot? 45 0 10 200 C.d Other Player: how much of received money is kept? 45 0 5 150 C.e Other Player: how much is transferred to bonus pot? 45 0 10 200 C. Dice number 45 0 20 600 Household Number 133 0 1001 1133 Household Number 133 0 1001 1133 Household been in previous PINZMS? 131 2 1 2 1 1=Yes 72 2 2=No 59 Sysmiss 2 Code Number used: 0 0 PAC Applicant Mother in Tonga 130 3 1 2 1 1 = Yes 46 2 2 = No 84 Sysmiss 3 PAC Applicant Father in Tonga 125 8 1 2 1 1 = Yes 35 2 2 = No 90 Sysmiss 8 PAC Applicant Sister in Tonga 114 19 1 2 1 1 = Yes 49 2 2 = No 65 Sysmiss 19 PAC Applicant Brother in Tonga 98 35 1 2 1 1 = Yes 40 2 2 = No 58 Sysmiss 35 Relation to PAC Applicant Tonga 133 0 1 4 1 1=Mother 30 2 2=Father 28 3 3=Sister 43 4 4=Brother 32 Partner HHID 133 0 4001 4248 Day 133 0 1 31 Month 133 0 1 12 1 3 2 7 3 4 4 27 5 11 6 4 7 25 8 15 9 5 11 28 12 4 Year 133 0 2013 2014 2013 49 2014 84 Day 133 0 1 30 Month 133 0 1 12 1 3 2 5 3 8 4 10 5 24 6 10 8 17 9 8 10 11 11 30 12 7 Year 133 0 2013 2014 2013 45 2014 88 Day 133 0 1 28 Month 133 0 1 12 1 3 2 5 3 8 4 10 6 34 8 17 9 8 10 11 11 29 12 8 Year 133 0 2013 2014 2013 45 2014 88 Household Number 546 0 1001 1133 Person ID 546 0 1 9 1 133 2 127 3 112 4 82 5 49 6 27 7 12 8 3 9 1 Q1. Age 546 0 0 74 Q3. Sex 546 0 1 2 1 Male 261 2 Female 285 Q4. Relationship 546 0 1 9 1 Household Head 133 2 Spouse 112 3 Own/Adopted child 259 4 Son/Daughter-in-law 6 5 Parent 1 6 Parent-in-law 0 7 Brother/Sister 6 8 Grandchild 18 9 Other relative 11 10 Non-relative 0 Q5. Mobility 544 0 0 144 00 12 02 5 03 42 04 76 05 91 06 118 07 1 08 12 09 12 10 19 11 8 12 3 99 1 Q6. Education 544 2 0 12 0 0=No schooling 88 1 1=Years 1 to 6 (Primary) 86 2 2=Year 7 (Form 1) 27 3 3=Year 8 (Form 2) 19 4 4=Year 9 (Form 3) 16 5 5=Year 10 (Form 4) 30 6 6=Year 11 (Lower 5) 49 7 7=Year 12 (Upper 6) 65 8 8=Year 13 (Form 7) 45 9 9=Teachers College 14 10 10=Polytechnic 40 11 11=University Degree 23 12 12=Other Qualification 42 Sysmiss 2 Q7. Studying 537 9 1 2 1 Yes 207 2 No 330 Sysmiss 9 Q8. Physical Activity 518 28 0 6 0 83 1 50 2 73 3 11 4 12 5 1 6 288 Sysmiss 28 Q9. Weekly income - past 12 months 284 262 0 650 Q10. Activity 283 263 1 2 1 1=yes 218 2 2=no 65 Sysmiss 263 Q11. Employer 219 327 1 1 1 Paid Employee 219 2 Employer 0 3 Self-employed and without employees 0 4 Unpaid family family worker 0 5 Don't know 0 Sysmiss 327 Q12. Total earnings last WEEK 219 327 150 780 Household Number 520 0 1001 1133 Person ID 520 0 1 8 1 133 2 127 3 102 4 75 5 46 6 24 7 11 8 2 Q1. Self-evaluation of health 518 2 1 4 1 1=very good 22 2 2=good 487 3 3=average 8 4 4=bad 1 5 5=very bad 0 Sysmiss 2 Q2. Any health complaints 514 6 1 2 1 1=yes 56 2 2=no 458 Sysmiss 6 Q3. Smoke? 308 212 1 2 1 1=Yes 89 2 2=No 219 Sysmiss 212 Q4. How many cigarettes 89 431 1 2 1 1=1 to 10 86 2 2=11 to 20 3 3 3=21 to 30 0 4 4=31 to 40 0 5 5=41 to 50 0 6 6=51 to 60 0 7 7=more than 60 0 9 9=don't know 0 Sysmiss 431 Q5. Drink alcohol? 303 217 1 2 1 1=Yes 69 2 2=No 234 Sysmiss 217 Q6. How Frequent? 70 450 1 4 1 1=5 or more days a week 4 2 2=1-4 days a week 32 3 3=1-3 days a month 33 4 4=less than once a month 1 Sysmiss 450 Q7. How many/day? 68 452 1 3 1 1=one or two 11 2 2=three or four 52 3 3=five or six 5 4 4=seven to nine 0 5 5=ten or more 0 Sysmiss 452 Household Number 318 0 1001 1133 Person ID 318 0 1 6 1 133 2 121 3 40 4 18 5 5 6 1 Q1. Times happy 310 8 1 3 1 1=always 30 2 2=very often 229 3 3=sometimes 51 4 4=almost never 0 5 5=never 0 Sysmiss 8 Q2. Times calm & peaceful 310 8 1 4 1 1=always 17 2 2=very often 161 3 3=sometimes 131 4 4=almost never 1 5 5=never 0 Sysmiss 8 Q3. Times nervous 310 8 1 5 1 1=always 1 2 2=very often 13 3 3=sometimes 221 4 4=almost never 72 5 5=never 3 Sysmiss 8 Q4. Times down-hearted 310 8 2 5 1 1=always 0 2 2=very often 5 3 3=sometimes 96 4 4=almost never 188 5 5=never 21 Sysmiss 8 Q5. Times depressed 310 8 2 5 1 1=always 0 2 2=very often 2 3 3=sometimes 43 4 4=almost never 166 5 5=never 99 Sysmiss 8 Household Number 545 0 1001 1133 Person ID 545 0 1 9 1 133 2 127 3 112 4 81 5 49 6 27 7 12 8 3 9 1 Q1. DOB_day 244 0 01 3 02 14 03 14 04 2 05 19 06 10 07 6 08 6 09 6 10 15 11 6 12 8 13 11 14 3 15 14 16 6 17 5 18 6 19 7 2 1 20 3 21 4 22 7 23 9 24 8 25 12 26 6 27 6 28 1 29 4 3 3 30 6 31 4 4 3 5 3 6 1 7 1 9 1 Q1. DOB_month 244 0 01 24 02 19 03 22 04 20 05 29 06 19 07 14 08 24 09 11 10 9 11 20 12 17 2 2 3 1 4 1 40 1 5 2 6 3 7 3 9 3 Q1. DOB_year 535 0 00 11 01 23 02 18 03 11 04 12 05 12 06 11 07 7 08 22 09 12 10 28 11 22 12 14 13 15 14 3 39 1 53 1 54 1 55 1 58 2 59 1 60 8 61 10 62 3 63 7 64 4 65 6 66 9 67 5 68 11 69 4 70 11 71 10 72 5 73 5 74 13 75 12 76 12 77 14 78 20 79 11 80 22 81 7 82 5 83 8 84 10 85 6 86 4 87 2 88 3 89 3 90 3 91 4 92 3 93 7 94 2 95 5 96 5 97 9 98 13 99 6 Q2. BP systolic 267 278 80 935 Q2. BP diastolic 267 278 55 877 Q2. BP pulse rate 267 278 55 317 Q3. Height 477 68 0.3 187.2 Q4. Wearing shoes when measured? 477 68 2 2 1 1=Yes 0 2 2=No 477 Sysmiss 68 Q5. Weight 481 64 10 137.2 Q6. Attire when weighed 481 64 1 3 1 1=Winter-weight clothing 83 2 2=Very light clothing 314 3 3=Clothing between light and winter 84 Sysmiss 64 Q7. Waist circumfrance 481 64 15 450 Q8. Hip circumfrance 481 64 20 157 Q9. Peak Flow reading1 419 126 100 590 Q9. Peak Flow reading2 419 126 125 680 Q9. Peak Flow reading3 420 125 7 740 Household Number 133 0 1001 1133 Tinned Fish 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 1 2 2=No 132 Meals 1 132 1 1 1 1 Sysmiss 132 Fresh Fish 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 6 2 2=No 127 Meals 6 127 1 2 1 2 2 4 Sysmiss 127 Corned Beef 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 7 2 2=No 126 Meals 7 126 1 2 1 5 2 2 Sysmiss 126 Fresh Beef 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 3 2 2=No 130 Meals 3 130 2 2 2 3 Sysmiss 130 Mutton 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 3 2 2=No 130 Meals 3 130 1 2 1 2 2 1 Sysmiss 130 Pork 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 21 2 2=No 112 Meals 21 112 1 2 1 4 2 17 Sysmiss 112 Chicken 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 82 2 2=No 51 Meals 81 52 1 2 1 35 2 46 Sysmiss 52 Other Meat (eg Sausage) 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 23 2 2=No 110 Meals 23 110 1 2 1 5 2 18 Sysmiss 110 Taro 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 1 2 2=No 132 Meals 2 131 1 2 1 1 2 1 Sysmiss 131 Taro Taruas 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 1 2 2=No 132 Meals 1 132 1 1 1 1 Sysmiss 132 Kumara (Sweet Potato) 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 8 2 2=No 125 Meals 8 125 2 2 2 8 Sysmiss 125 Taamu/Kape 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 17 2 2=No 116 Meals 17 116 1 2 1 4 2 13 Sysmiss 116 Yams 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 1 2 2=No 132 Meals 1 132 2 2 2 1 Sysmiss 132 Cassava/Manioc 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 61 2 2=No 72 Meals 61 72 1 2 1 21 2 40 Sysmiss 72 Potato 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 86 2 2=No 47 Meals 86 47 1 2 1 27 2 59 Sysmiss 47 Other Vegetables 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 38 2 2=No 95 Meals 38 95 1 2 1 16 2 22 Sysmiss 95 Coconut (fresh and dry) 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 21 2 2=No 112 Meals 21 112 1 2 1 11 2 10 Sysmiss 112 Banana 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 84 2 2=No 49 Meals 82 51 1 2 1 29 2 53 Sysmiss 51 Guava 133 0 2 2 1 1=Yes 0 2 2=No 133 Meals 0 133 Sysmiss 133 Pawpaw 133 0 2 2 1 1=Yes 0 2 2=No 133 Meals 0 133 Sysmiss 133 Mango 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 1 2 2=No 132 Meals 1 132 2 2 2 1 Sysmiss 132 Other Fruit 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 117 2 2=No 16 Meals 116 17 1 2 1 33 2 83 Sysmiss 17 Bread 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 113 2 2=No 20 Meals 112 21 1 2 1 99 2 13 Sysmiss 21 Rice 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 11 2 2=No 122 Meals 11 122 1 2 1 9 2 2 Sysmiss 122 Milk 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 106 2 2=No 27 Meals 105 28 1 2 1 87 2 18 Sysmiss 28 Takeaways 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 60 2 2=No 73 Meals 59 74 1 2 1 54 2 5 Sysmiss 74 Sweets/chocolates/lollies 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 63 2 2=No 70 Softdrinks 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 130 2 2=No 3 Tea 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 127 2 2=No 6 Alcohol 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 10 2 2=No 123 Household Number 133 0 1001 1133 Mobile (cell) phone - 400 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 25 2 2=No 108 Cameras - 401 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 78 2 2=No 55 Radios/Cassette players/Stereos - 402 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 118 2 2=No 15 Television sets - 403 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 132 2 2=No 1 Video recorder - 404 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 4 2 2=No 129 DVD player - 405 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 13 2 2=No 120 Computer - 406 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 73 2 2=No 60 Refrigerator - 407 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 121 2 2=No 12 Freezer - 408 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 3 2 2=No 130 Gas or electric oven - 409 133 0 1 1 1 1=Yes 133 2 2=No 0 Kerosene cooker - 410 133 0 2 2 1 1=Yes 0 2 2=No 133 Microwave oven - 411 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 107 2 2=No 26 Washing machine - 412 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 99 2 2=No 34 Sewing machines - 414 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 43 2 2=No 90 Electric iron - 415 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 131 2 2=No 2 Electric fan - 416 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 25 2 2=No 108 Generators - 417 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 2 2 2=No 131 Canoes or dinghies - 418 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 1 2 2=No 132 Outboard motors - 420 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 3 2 2=No 130 Bicycles - 421 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 95 2 2=No 38 Motorcycles - 422 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 3 2 2=No 130 Cars or pickup trucks - 423 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 127 2 2=No 6 Q2. How many vehicles does this household have? 133 0 0 3 0 1 1 97 2 33 3 2 Q3. Main form of communication medium for household? 131 2 1 6 1 1=Fixed line telephone 109 2 2=Mobile phone 15 3 3=Public Telephone 2 4 4=Internet or email from this dwelling 1 5 5=Internet or email from outside this dwelling 2 6 6=other 2 Sysmiss 2 Q4_A. Anyone have bank account? 133 0 1 1 1 1=Yes 133 2 2=No 0 Q4_A. Owner count 133 0 1 5 1 13 2 100 3 13 4 5 5 2 Q4_B. Anyone have eftpos card? 133 0 1 1 1 1=Yes 133 2 2=No 0 Q4_B. Owner count 133 0 1 5 1 13 2 100 3 13 4 5 5 2 Q4_C. Anyone have savings account? 133 0 1 1 1 1=Yes 133 2 2=No 0 Q4_C. Owner count 133 0 1 5 1 13 2 100 3 13 4 5 5 2 Q4_D. Anyone have credit card 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 1 2 2=No 132 Q4_D. Owner count 1 132 1 1 1 1 Sysmiss 132 Q4_E. Anyone have a microfinance loan? 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 120 2 2=No 13 Q4_E. Owner count 119 14 1 3 1 96 2 22 3 1 Sysmiss 14 Q4_F. Anyone have loan from a moneylender? 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 9 2 2=No 124 Q4_F. Owner count 8 125 1 1 1 8 Sysmiss 125 Q5. Approximate total of all household savings 133 0 850 75000 Q6. Approximate total of all household debts owed 133 0 0 330000 Q7. Approximate value of all household assets 133 0 1500 310500 Q8. Does anyone here pay rent on this dwelling? 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 119 2 2=No 14 Q9. How much rent is paid? 118 15 80 550 Q9. Rent is paid 1=weekly, 2=monthly, 3=other 115 18 1 1 1 1=Yes 115 2 2=No 0 3 3=Other 0 Sysmiss 18 Q9. Other rent period 0 0 Q9. If paying with others, what is total rent per installment? 9 124 80 200 Household Number 546 0 1001 1133 Q2a. Code 544 2 503 512 503 200 504 108 505 165 506 52 509 8 510 7 512 4 Sysmiss 2 Q2b. Country of residence 542 4 1 5 1 1=Tonga 538 2 2=Australia 1 3 3=NZ 0 4 4=USA 2 5 5=Other 1 Sysmiss 4 Q2c. Sex of recipient 540 6 1 2 1 1=Male 208 2 2=Female 332 Sysmiss 6 Q2d. Age of recipient 540 6 20 83 Q3. Month of Remittance 544 2 1 12 1 78 2 5 3 32 4 4 5 105 6 43 7 19 8 18 9 51 10 17 11 49 12 123 Sysmiss 2 Q4. Total value of money sent 544 2 0 1500 Q5. Method of Remittance 536 10 1 7 1 1=Western Union 88 2 2=Melie mei Langi 349 3 3=ATM or remittance card 0 4 4=Mobile money 0 5 5=Bank transfer 0 6 6=Carried cash 96 7 7=Other (specify) 3 Sysmiss 10 Q5_other 3 0 EPOKI 2 MONEYGRAM 1 Q6. Total value of goods sent 544 2 0 6300 Q7. Any sent for special purposes? 543 3 1 2 1 Yes 180 2 No 363 Sysmiss 3 Q8a. Purpose 1 180 0 1 19 2 1 4 56 6 7 7 94 8 3 Q8b. Purpose 2 0 0 Q8c. Purpose 3 0 0 Household Number 61 0 1002 1123 Q2a. Code 61 0 503 510 503 15 504 21 505 16 506 5 509 2 510 2 Q2b. Country of residence 61 0 1 3 1 1=Tonga 60 2 2=Australia 0 3 3=NZ 1 4 4=USA 0 5 5=Other 0 Q2c. Sex of remitter 61 0 1 2 1 1=Male 20 2 2=Female 41 Q2d. Age of remitter 61 0 29 75 Q3. Month of Receiviing Remittance 61 0 1 12 1 2 3 4 4 3 5 2 6 11 7 4 8 1 11 5 12 29 Q4. Total value of money received 61 0 0 0 0 61 Q5. Method of Remittance 30 31 6 6 1 1=Western Union 0 2 2=Melie mei Langi 0 3 3=ATM or remittance card 0 4 4=Mobile money 0 5 5=Bank transfer 0 6 6=Carried cash 30 7 7=Other (specify) 0 Sysmiss 31 Q5_other 0 0 Q6. Total value of goods received 61 0 150 6400 Q7. Any received for special purposes? 61 0 1 2 1 Yes 24 2 No 37 Q8a. Purpose 1 24 0 1 5 2 3 6 11 7 1 8 4 Q8b. Purpose 2 0 0 Q8c. Purpose 3 0 0 Household Number 133 0 1001 1133 Q1a. Weekly spending on home groceries 133 0 50 350 Q1b. Weekly spending on eating out 133 0 0 60 Q1c. Weekly spending on other daily needs 132 1 2 50 Q2a. Monthly spending on housing 130 3 0 1800 Q2b. Monthly spending on fuel/light 131 2 0 668 Q2c. Monthly spending on non-durable h/hold goods 80 53 0 20 0 51 1 1 10 14 20 14 Sysmiss 53 Q2d. Monthly spending on health needs 119 14 0 50 Q2e. Monthly spending on running vehicle 133 0 0 1100 Q2f. Monthly spending on communication 133 0 0 150 Q2g. Monthly spending on recreation/entertainment 130 3 0 150 Q2h. Monthly spending on community obligations 129 4 0 200 Q2i. Monthly spending on interest payments 129 4 0 690 Q2j. Monthly spending on gambling 107 26 0 48 Q3a. Past 6 months spending on clothing/footwear 133 0 20 350 Q3b. Past 6 months spending on education 115 18 0 3500 Q3c. Past 6 months spending on electronic goods 79 54 0 650 Q3d. Past 6 months spending on household furnishings 90 43 0 2500 Q3e. Past 6 months spending on household applicances 86 47 0 650 Q3f. Past 6 months spending on own business investments 74 59 0 640 Q3g. Past 6 months spending on family and friends 83 50 0 1000 Q4. Domestic income received last fortnight? 133 0 0 0 0 133 Q5. Domestic income support received last fortnight? 133 0 0 510 Household Number 133 0 1001 1133 Q1. Frequency of sending money to Tonga 132 1 1 6 1 2 2 15 3 29 4 4 6 82 Sysmiss 1 Q2.A Western Union 130 3 1 2 1 1=Yes 125 2 2=No 5 Sysmiss 3 Q2. Know fees? 131 2 1 2 1 126 2 5 Sysmiss 2 Q2. Fees per $200 126 7 12 20 12 1 14 113 15 5 20 7 Sysmiss 7 Q2.B Melie Mei Langi 132 1 1 1 1 1=Yes 132 2 2=No 0 Sysmiss 1 Q2. Know fees? 132 1 1 1 1 132 Sysmiss 1 Q2. Fees per $200 132 1 5 5 5 132 Sysmiss 1 Q2.C ATM card 79 54 1 2 1 1=Yes 4 2 2=No 75 Sysmiss 54 Q2. Know fees? 82 51 1 2 1 10 2 72 Sysmiss 51 Q2. Fees per $200 11 122 0 3 0 1 1 7 3 3 Sysmiss 122 Q2.D Cell Phone/Mobile money 78 55 1 2 1 1=Yes 4 2 2=No 74 Sysmiss 55 Q2. Know fees? 84 49 1 2 1 19 2 65 Sysmiss 49 Q2. Fees per $200 19 114 1 3 1 2 3 17 Sysmiss 114 Q2.E Bank Transfer ANZ or Westpac 78 55 1 2 1 1=Yes 8 2 2=No 70 Sysmiss 55 Q2. Know fees? 83 50 1 2 1 26 2 57 Sysmiss 50 Q2. Fees per $200 26 107 25 25 25 26 Sysmiss 107 Q2.F KlickEx 75 58 2 2 1 1=Yes 0 2 2=No 75 Sysmiss 58 Q2. Know fees? 75 58 2 2 2 75 Sysmiss 58 Q2. Fees per $200 0 133 Sysmiss 133 Q2.G Moneygram/Money Exchange 75 58 2 2 1 1=Yes 0 2 2=No 75 Sysmiss 58 Q2. Know fees? 75 58 2 2 2 75 Sysmiss 58 Q2. Fees per $200 0 133 Sysmiss 133 Q2.H IMEX 75 58 2 2 1 1=Yes 0 2 2=No 75 Sysmiss 58 Q2. Know fees? 75 58 2 2 2 75 Sysmiss 58 Q2. Fees per $200 0 133 Sysmiss 133 Q2.I Epokifo'ou MT 82 51 1 2 1 1=Yes 14 2 2=No 68 Sysmiss 51 Q2. Know fees? 91 42 1 2 1 32 2 59 Sysmiss 42 Q2. Fees per $200 32 101 5 12 5 2 8 27 10 2 12 1 Sysmiss 101 Q2.J Money Move it 75 58 2 2 1 1=Yes 0 2 2=No 75 Sysmiss 58 Q2. Know fees? 75 58 2 2 2 75 Sysmiss 58 Q2. Fees per $200 0 133 Sysmiss 133 Q2.K Nikua Money Transfer 75 58 1 2 1 1=Yes 5 2 2=No 70 Sysmiss 58 Q2. Know fees? 76 57 1 2 1 8 2 68 Sysmiss 57 Q2. Fees per $200 9 124 8 12 8 6 10 2 12 1 Sysmiss 124 Q2.L Mana Money Transfer 75 58 1 2 1 1=Yes 1 2 2=No 74 Sysmiss 58 Q2. Know fees? 80 53 1 2 1 6 2 74 Sysmiss 53 Q2. Fees per $200 6 127 5 10 5 5 10 1 Sysmiss 127 Q3. Exchange rate estimate: 1 NZD = ? Pa'anga 70 63 1.2 1.35 Q3. Exchange rate estimate: 1 pa'anga = ? NZD 0 133 Sysmiss 133 63 70 100 300 63 70 118 392.6 Q4. Would you say you have: 133 0 1 4 1 1=Not enough money 1 2 2=Just enough money 125 3 3=Enough money 6 4 4=More than enough money 1 Q5a. Could not pay electricity on time 133 0 2 2 1 1=Yes 0 2 2=No 133 Q5b. Pawned or sold something 133 0 2 2 2 133 Q5c. Went without meals 133 0 2 2 2 133 Q5d. Ask for financial help from family & friends 133 0 1 2 1 1 2 132 Q5e. Asked for help from Welfare Orgs 133 0 1 2 1 1 2 132 Q5f. Could not pay credit card on time 133 0 2 2 2 133 Household Number 133 0 1001 1133 S8PID 133 0 1 2 1 132 2 1 Q1. Entered PAC ballot 2002? 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 28 2 2=No 105 Q1. Entered PAC ballot 2003? 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 48 2 2=No 85 Q1. Entered PAC ballot 2004? 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 61 2 2=No 72 Q1. Entered PAC ballot 2005? 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 37 2 2=No 96 Q1. Entered PAC ballot 2006? 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 3 2 2=No 130 Q1. Entered PAC ballot 2007? 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 3 2 2=No 130 Q2. Ever win a ballot? 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 10 2 2=No 123 Q3. Where were you born 133 0 2 4 1 1=NZ 0 2 2=Nuku'alofa 18 3 3=Rest of Tongatapu 92 4 4=Outer Islands 23 5 5=Other 0 Q4. Ever been to NZ? 126 7 1 2 1 1=Yes 46 2 2=No 80 Sysmiss 7 Q5. Month of first arrival 84 0 01 13 02 1 03 6 04 4 05 12 06 9 07 2 08 6 10 6 11 17 12 8 Q5. Year of first arrival 93 0 00 2 01 4 02 3 03 11 04 25 05 22 06 25 99 1 Q6. Religion 130 3 1 9 1 1=Church of Tonga 7 2 2=Free Wesleyan Church 49 3 3=Catholic 21 4 4=Methodist 6 5 5=Mormon 25 6 6=SDA 5 7 7=Assembly of God 3 8 8=Free Church of Tonga 9 9 9=Other 5 10 10=None 0 Sysmiss 3 Q7. Ever had a paid job/consultancy? 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 132 2 2=No 1 Q8 Changed job in last 5 years? 132 1 1 2 1 1=Yes 38 2 2=No 94 Sysmiss 1 Q9 Previous Job 35 0 ADMINISTRATOR 2 BUS DRIVER 1 CANE-GIVER 1 CLEANER 6 FACTORY WORKER 1 FARM WORKER 2 HOUSE REMOVER 1 MANUFACTURING 1 MEAT PROCESSOR 1 NONE 1 OACKHOUSE 1 PACKER 1 PACKHOUSE 2 PACKHOUSE OPERATOR 1 ROAD WORK 1 SALES ASSISTANCE 3 SALES ASSISTANT 1 SALESPERSON 2 SERVICE INDUSTRY 1 SERVICE STATION ATTENDANT 1 TEACHER 1 WELDER 3 Q9 Current Job 34 0 BUILDER 1 CARE-GIVER 1 CAREGIVER 2 CHILDCARE ASSISTANCE 1 CHURCH MINISTER 1 COMMUNITY WORKER 1 FACTORY WORKER/WELDER 1 FAIR WORKER 1 FARM SUPERVISOR 2 FARM WORKER 3 FRUIT PICKER 1 HOMESTAY 1 MANUFACTURING 1 NOT WORKING 1 OWN BUSINESS 1 PACK HOUSE 1 PACKHOUSE SUPERVISOR 1 PACKING 1 RETAIL 1 RETAIL SERVICES 1 SALESPERSON 1 STUDENT 1 SUPERVISOR- PACK HOUSE 1 TEACHER - AIDE 1 TELEMARKETING 1 TUTOR 1 UNEMPLOYED 3 WELDER 1 Q10. Poor to Rich scale 133 0 5 7 5 26 6 102 7 5 Q11. Level of respect scale 133 0 4 8 4 1 5 11 6 64 7 56 8 1 Q12a. Receive $1000 today, or $900 next year? 133 0 1 1 1 1=$1000 today 133 2 2=$900 one year from today 0 Q12b. Receive $1000 today, or $1000 next year? 133 0 1 1 1 1=$1000 today 133 2 2=$1000 one year from today 0 Q12c. Receive $1000 today, or $1100 next year? 133 0 1 2 1 1=$1000 today 123 2 2=$1100 one year from today 10 Q12d. Receive $1000 today, or $1500 next year? 124 9 1 2 1 1=$1000 today 22 2 2=$1500 one year from today 102 Sysmiss 9 Q13. Would you risk taking a new uncertain job? 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 74 2 2=No 59 Q14a. Receive $1000 at xmas 2014, or $900 at xmas 2015? 133 0 1 1 1 1=$1000 xmas 2014 133 2 2=$900 xmas 2015 0 Q14b. Receive $1000 at xmas 2014, or $1000 at xmas 2015? 133 0 1 2 1 1=$1000 today 132 2 2=$1000 one year from today 1 Q14c. Receive $1000 at xmas 2014, or $1100 at xmas 2015? 133 0 1 2 1 1=$1000 at xmas 2014 127 2 2=$1100 at xmas 2015 6 Q14d. Receive $1000 at xmas 2014, or $1500 at xmas 2015? 127 6 1 2 1 1=$1000 at xmas 2014 19 2 2=$1500 at xmas 2015 108 Sysmiss 6 Q15 Willingness to take risks 133 0 4 8 4 4 5 4 6 106 7 18 8 1 Q16. Believe it is possible to succeed on own, or as part of group? 133 0 1 2 1 1=It is possible to be successful on your own 107 2 2=A large group is necessary to be successful 26 Q17. Believe having money is important to being happy? 133 0 1 3 1 1=It is indispensable to being happy 45 2 2=It is very important to being happy 82 3 3=It is important to being happy 6 4 4=It is not important to being happy 0 Q18. Believe hard work pays better? 133 0 1 3 1 1=Much better off than those who do not put in an effort 44 2 2=Better off than those who do not put in an effort 86 3 3=Worse off than those who do not put in an effort 3 4 4=Much worse off than those who do not put in an effort 0 Q19. Believe Tongans trust one another? 133 0 1 2 1 1=You can trust others 91 2 2=You cannot trust others 42 Household Number 133 0 1001 1133 PAC Person 1 ID: 133 0 1 9 1 131 2 1 9 1 Q1. Chosen Business 133 0 A 9 B 6 C 30 D 32 E 27 F 16 G 5 H 8 Q2. Most important Financial Decision-making Time 133 0 A 113 B 19 D 1 Q3a. Day-to-day spending/bills 133 0 1 3 1 1. Always made by myself 3 2 2. Usually made by myself 8 3 3. Shared between me and someone else in HH in Tonga 122 4 4. Shared between me and extended family in Tonga 0 5 5. Shared between myself & extended family outside Tonga 0 Q3b. Large household purchases 133 0 2 5 1 1. Always made by myself 0 2 2. Usually made by myself 5 3 3. Shared between me and someone else in HH in Tonga 124 4 4. Shared between me and extended family in Tonga 3 5 5. Shared between myself & extended family outside Tonga 1 Q3c. Making large donations 133 0 2 5 1 1. Always made by myself 0 2 2. Usually made by myself 4 3 3. Shared between me and someone else in HH in Tonga 124 4 4. Shared between me and extended family in Tonga 4 5 5. Shared between myself & extended family outside Tonga 1 Q3d. Employment & small business activities 133 0 1 3 1 1. Always made by myself 3 2 2. Usually made by myself 10 3 3. Shared between me and someone else in HH in Tonga 120 4 4. Shared between me and extended family in Tonga 0 5 5. Shared between myself & extended family outside Tonga 0 Q3e. Savings, Investments, Borrowings 133 0 1 3 1 1. Always made by myself 3 2 2. Usually made by myself 7 3 3. Shared between me and someone else in HH in Tonga 123 4 4. Shared between me and extended family in Tonga 0 5 5. Shared between myself & extended family outside Tonga 0 Household Number 133 0 1001 1133 Person ID answering questions 133 0 1 2 1 132 2 1 Relation to PAC Applicant 133 0 1 4 1 1=Mother 30 2 2=Father 28 3 3=Sister 42 4 4=Brother 33 Other player contacted by phone? 131 2 1 2 1 109 2 22 Sysmiss 2 Q1. Frequency of communication with other player 133 0 2 5 1 1=Daily 0 2 2=Several times a week 10 3 3=Weekly 44 4 4=Once or twice a month 69 5 5=Less than monthly 10 Q2. Know how much other person earns monthly? 132 1 1 3 1 1=Yes 4 2 2=No 56 3 3=NA 72 Sysmiss 1 Q3. Other player know how much you earn monthly? 133 0 1 3 1 1=Yes 2 2 2=No 128 3 3=NA 3 Q4. How frequently do you give money to other player? 133 0 1 4 1 1=At least monthly 2 2 2=Several times a year 126 3 3=Once a year 3 4 4=Less than yearly or never 2 Q5. How frequently does other player give you money? 133 0 2 4 1 1=At least monthly 0 2 2=Several times a year 2 3 3=Once a year 0 4 4=Less than yearly or never 131 Q6. Typically consult with other player when making financial decisions? 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 35 2 2=No 98 Q7. Does other player typically consult you when making financial decisions? 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 90 2 2=No 43 Q8. Do you trust lending your possessions to other player? 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 120 2 2=No 13 Q9a. Both own any bank accounts? 133 0 2 2 1 1=Yes 0 2 2=No 133 Q9b. Both own any land? 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 127 2 2=No 6 Q9c. Both own any livestock? 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 112 2 2=No 21 Q9d. Both own any Household business? 133 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 32 2 2=No 101 Household Number 133 0 1001 1133 Order Game played in 133 0 ABC 23 ACB 25 BAC 24 BCA 20 CAB 20 CBA 21 A.a How much of 300 will you keep? 133 0 10 200 A.b How much will you give to other player? 133 0 100 290 A.c How much will other player put into bonus pot? 133 0 50 250 A.d Other Player: how much of received money is kept? 133 0 0 200 A.e Other Player: how much is transferred to bonus pot? 133 0 20 280 A. Dice number 133 0 20 999 B.a How much of 300 will you keep? 133 0 20 200 B.b How much will you give to other player? 133 0 100 280 B.c How much will other player put into bonus pot? 132 1 10 200 B.d Other Player: how much of received money is kept? 133 0 0 180 B.e Other Player: how much is transferred to bonus pot? 133 0 0 270 B. Dice number 133 0 0 999 C. Windfall 133 0 100 500 C.a How much of the windfall will you keep? 133 0 10 400 C.b How much will you give to other player? 133 0 20 450 C.c How much will other player put into bonus pot? 133 0 10 300 C.d Other Player: how much of received money is kept? 133 0 5 150 C.e Other Player: how much is transferred to bonus pot? 133 0 10 400 C. Dice number 101 32 7 600 Household Number 258 0 11014042 42084158 Island and Village Code 258 0 1101 4208 Household Number 258 0 4001 4258 Household been in previous PINZMS? 188 70 1 2 1 1=Yes 18 2 2=No 170 Sysmiss 70 Code Number used: 1 0 'ALIPATE MAT 1 PAC Applicant's Location 255 3 1 3 1 1. New Zealand 132 2 2. Tonga 122 3 3. Other 1 Sysmiss 3 PAC Applicant Mother 197 61 1 2 1 1 = Yes 79 2 2 = No 118 Sysmiss 61 PAC Applicant Father 190 68 1 2 1 1 = Yes 56 2 2 = No 134 Sysmiss 68 PAC Applicant Sister 205 53 1 2 1 1 = Yes 105 2 2 = No 100 Sysmiss 53 PAC Applicant Brother 197 61 1 2 1 1 = Yes 73 2 2 = No 124 Sysmiss 61 PAC Applicant HHID 258 0 1001 2150 Relation to PAC Applicant 258 0 1 4 1 1=Mother 65 2 2=Father 37 3 3=Sister 89 4 4=Brother 67 Instructions left for relation? 257 1 1 2 1 1 = Yes 256 2 2 = No 1 Sysmiss 1 Day 258 0 1 29 Month 258 0 1 11 1 18 2 12 3 11 4 30 5 20 6 12 7 44 8 42 9 8 10 54 11 7 Year 258 0 2013 2014 2013 93 2014 165 Day 258 0 1 31 Month 258 0 1 12 1 11 2 7 3 12 4 10 5 31 6 31 8 43 9 15 10 80 11 7 12 11 Year 258 0 2013 2014 2013 93 2014 165 Day 258 0 1 31 Month 258 0 1 12 1 11 2 7 3 12 4 10 5 23 6 18 7 9 8 54 9 15 10 80 11 7 12 12 Year 258 0 2013 2014 2013 93 2014 165 Household Number 897 0 11014042 42084158 Person ID 897 0 1 10 1 258 2 235 3 203 4 131 5 52 6 12 7 3 8 1 9 1 10 1 Q2. Sex 897 0 1 2 1 Male 396 2 Female 501 Q3. Age 897 0 0 84 Q4. Relationship 897 0 1 9 1 Household Head 258 2 Spouse 166 3 Own/Adopted child 283 4 Son/Daughter-in-law 15 5 Parent 4 6 Parent-in-law 3 7 Brother/Sister 4 8 Grandchild 133 9 Other relative 31 10 Non-relative 0 Q5. Education 897 0 0 12 0 0=No schooling 65 1 1=Years 1 to 6 (Primary) 193 2 2=Year 7 (Form 1) 38 3 3=Year 8 (Form 2) 57 4 4=Year 9 (Form 3) 65 5 5=Year 10 (Form 4) 121 6 6=Year 11 (Lower 5) 130 7 7=Year 12 (Upper 6) 60 8 8=Year 13 (Form 7) 45 9 9=Teachers College 37 10 10=Polytechnic 11 11 11=University Degree 32 12 12=Other Qualification 43 Q6. Studying 897 0 1 2 1 Yes 309 2 No 588 Q7. NZ Experience 893 4 1 2 1 Yes 444 2 No 449 Sysmiss 4 Q8. Health 882 15 1 4 1 1=Very Good 11 2 2=Good 761 3 3=Average 107 4 4=Bad 3 5 5=Very Bad 0 Sysmiss 15 Q9. Physical Activity 846 51 0 6 0 97 1 99 2 120 3 30 4 48 5 20 6 432 Sysmiss 51 Q10. Weekly income - past 12 months 546 351 0 580 Q11. Activity 423 474 1 3 1 1=yes 217 2 2=no 201 3 3=temporary work overseas 5 Sysmiss 474 Q12. Employer 217 680 1 4 1 Paid Employee 198 2 Employer 4 3 Self-employed and without employees 14 4 Unpaid family family worker 1 5 Don't know 0 Sysmiss 680 Q13. Total earnings last WEEK 216 681 50 610 Household Number 258 0 11014042 42084158 Tinned Fish 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 33 2 2=No 225 Meals 33 225 1 2 1 27 2 6 Sysmiss 225 Fresh Fish 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 65 2 2=No 193 Meals 65 193 1 2 1 13 2 52 Sysmiss 193 Corned Beef 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 16 2 2=No 242 Meals 16 242 1 2 1 10 2 6 Sysmiss 242 Fresh Beef 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 5 2 2=No 253 Meals 5 253 1 2 1 1 2 4 Sysmiss 253 Mutton 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 12 2 2=No 246 Meals 12 246 1 2 1 5 2 7 Sysmiss 246 Pork 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 41 2 2=No 217 Meals 42 216 0 2 0 1 1 6 2 35 Sysmiss 216 Chicken 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 83 2 2=No 175 Meals 83 175 0 2 0 1 1 32 2 50 Sysmiss 175 Other Meat (eg Sausage) 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 9 2 2=No 249 Meals 10 248 0 2 0 1 2 9 Sysmiss 248 Taro 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 12 2 2=No 246 Meals 13 245 0 2 0 1 1 3 2 9 Sysmiss 245 Taro Taruas 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 43 2 2=No 215 Meals 43 215 0 2 0 1 1 15 2 27 Sysmiss 215 Kumara (Sweet Potato) 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 49 2 2=No 209 Meals 49 209 1 2 1 8 2 41 Sysmiss 209 Taamu/Kape 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 40 2 2=No 218 Meals 40 218 1 2 1 7 2 33 Sysmiss 218 Yams 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 22 2 2=No 236 Meals 22 236 1 2 1 6 2 16 Sysmiss 236 Cassava/Manioc 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 135 2 2=No 123 Meals 134 124 1 2 1 48 2 86 Sysmiss 124 Potato 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 5 2 2=No 253 Meals 5 253 2 2 2 5 Sysmiss 253 Other Vegetables 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 87 2 2=No 171 Meals 87 171 1 2 1 25 2 62 Sysmiss 171 Coconut (fresh and dry) 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 197 2 2=No 61 Meals 196 62 1 2 1 64 2 132 Sysmiss 62 Banana 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 139 2 2=No 119 Meals 138 120 1 2 1 48 2 90 Sysmiss 120 Guava 258 0 2 2 1 1=Yes 0 2 2=No 258 Meals 0 258 Sysmiss 258 Pawpaw 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 9 2 2=No 249 Meals 9 249 1 2 1 3 2 6 Sysmiss 249 Mango 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 13 2 2=No 245 Meals 13 245 2 2 2 13 Sysmiss 245 Other Fruit 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 103 2 2=No 155 Meals 103 155 1 3 1 9 2 93 3 1 Sysmiss 155 Bread 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 152 2 2=No 106 Meals 151 107 1 2 1 137 2 14 Sysmiss 107 Rice 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 37 2 2=No 221 Meals 37 221 1 2 1 33 2 4 Sysmiss 221 Milk 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 72 2 2=No 186 Meals 71 187 1 2 1 68 2 3 Sysmiss 187 Takeaways 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 30 2 2=No 228 Meals 30 228 1 1 1 30 Sysmiss 228 Sweets/chocolates/lollies 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 43 2 2=No 215 Softdrinks 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 143 2 2=No 115 Tea 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 217 2 2=No 41 Alcohol 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 3 2 2=No 255 Household Number 258 0 11014042 42084158 Mobile (cell) phone - 400 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 78 2 2=No 180 Cameras - 401 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 41 2 2=No 217 Radios/Cassette players/Stereos - 402 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 242 2 2=No 16 Television sets - 403 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 191 2 2=No 67 Video recorder - 404 258 0 2 2 1 1=Yes 0 2 2=No 258 DVD player - 405 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 6 2 2=No 252 Computer - 406 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 35 2 2=No 223 Refrigerator - 407 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 95 2 2=No 163 Freezer - 408 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 4 2 2=No 254 Gas or electric oven - 409 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 136 2 2=No 122 Kerosene cooker - 410 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 103 2 2=No 155 Microwave oven - 411 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 10 2 2=No 248 Washing machine - 412 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 78 2 2=No 180 Sewing machines - 414 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 109 2 2=No 149 Electric iron - 415 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 232 2 2=No 26 Electric fan - 416 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 64 2 2=No 194 Generators - 417 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 2 2 2=No 256 Canoes or dinghies - 418 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 25 2 2=No 233 Outboard motors - 420 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 6 2 2=No 252 Bicycles - 421 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 180 2 2=No 78 Motorcycles - 422 258 0 2 2 1 1=Yes 0 2 2=No 258 Cars or pickup trucks - 423 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 142 2 2=No 116 Forestry Equipment - 424 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 137 2 2=No 121 Tractors - 425 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 7 2 2=No 251 Pigs 258 0 0 23 Chickens 258 0 0 18 0 42 2 7 3 1 4 19 5 2 6 43 8 64 10 20 11 28 12 7 13 9 14 5 15 10 18 1 Cattle 258 0 0 6 0 134 1 23 2 67 3 19 4 9 6 6 Goats 258 0 0 3 0 257 3 1 Horses 258 0 0 2 0 199 1 51 2 8 Sheep 258 0 0 8 0 257 8 1 Q3_A. Anyone have bank account? 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 249 2 2=No 9 Q3_A. Owner count 248 10 1 4 1 160 2 83 3 4 4 1 Sysmiss 10 Q3_B. Anyone have eftpos card? 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 249 2 2=No 9 Q3_B. Owner count 248 10 1 4 1 161 2 82 3 4 4 1 Sysmiss 10 Q3_C. Anyone have savings account? 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 250 2 2=No 8 Q3_C. Owner count 249 9 1 4 1 162 2 82 3 4 4 1 Sysmiss 9 Q3_D. Anyone have credit card 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 1 2 2=No 257 Q3_D. Owner count 1 257 1 1 1 1 Sysmiss 257 Q3_E. Anyone have a microfinance loan? 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 87 2 2=No 171 Q3_E. Owner count 86 172 1 2 1 72 2 14 Sysmiss 172 Q3_F. Anyone have loan from a moneylender? 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 19 2 2=No 239 Q3_F. Owner count 18 240 1 2 1 15 2 3 Sysmiss 240 Q4. Approximate total of all household savings 258 0 0 15500 Q5. Approximate total of all household debts owed 258 0 0 348000 Q6. Approximate value of all household assets 258 0 300 50000 Q7. Main form of distance communication 250 8 1 8 1 Fixed-line telephone 141 2 Mobile (cell) phone 69 3 Public telephone/call centre 21 4 Internet/email within dwelling 2 5 Outside internet/email 1 6 Letter or telegram 5 7 Other 9 8 None, do not communicate long distance 2 Sysmiss 8 Q8. Number of vehicles in household 258 0 0 2 0 113 1 129 2 16 Q9. Any dwelling additions/improvements? 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 137 2 2=No 121 Household Number 872 0 11014042 42084158 Q2a. Code 872 0 501 510 501 421 502 15 503 13 504 23 505 247 506 47 507 20 508 15 509 39 510 32 Q2b. Country of residence 872 0 1 3 1 1=New Zealand 581 2 2=Australia 161 3 3=USA 130 4 4=Other 0 Q2c. Sex of remitter 872 0 1 2 1 1=Male 372 2 2=Female 500 Q2d. Age of remitter 871 1 23 73 Q3. Month of Remittance 872 0 1 12 1 114 2 14 3 50 4 2 5 160 6 74 7 50 8 30 9 78 10 25 11 83 12 192 Q4. Total value of money received 867 5 0 1500 Q5. Method of Remittance 865 7 1 7 1 1=Western Union 139 2 2=Melie mei Langi 466 3 3=ATM or remittance card 0 4 4=Mobile money 0 5 5=Bank transfer 5 6 6=Carried cash 192 7 7=Other (specify) 63 Sysmiss 7 Q5_other 46 0 MONEYGRAM 46 Q6. Total value of goods received 850 22 0 1500 Q7. Any received for special purposes? 869 3 1 2 1 Yes 272 2 No 597 Sysmiss 3 Q8a. Purpose 1 272 0 1 25 2 1 3 1 4 87 6 14 7 143 8 1 Q8b. Purpose 2 0 0 Q8c. Purpose 3 0 0 Household Number 72 0 11014061 42084158 Q2a. Code 72 0 501 510 501 39 503 3 504 2 505 20 506 5 509 1 510 2 Q2b. Country of residence 72 0 1 3 1 1=New Zealand 54 2 2=Australia 10 3 3=USA 8 4 4=Other 0 Q2c. Sex of recipient 72 0 1 2 1 1=Male 26 2 2=Female 46 Q2d. Age of recipient 72 0 25 70 Q3. Month of Sending Remittance 72 0 1 12 1 8 2 1 3 3 4 2 5 6 6 7 7 6 11 4 12 35 Q4. Total value of money sent 68 4 0 0 0 68 Sysmiss 4 Q5. Method of Remittance 42 30 3 6 1 1=Western Union 0 2 2=Melie mei Langi 0 3 3=ATM or remittance card 1 4 4=Mobile money 1 5 5=Bank transfer 0 6 6=Carried cash 40 7 7=Other (specify) 0 Sysmiss 30 Q5_other 1 0 350 1 Q6. Total value of goods sent 72 0 2 850 Q7. Any sent for special purposes? 71 1 1 2 1 Yes 22 2 No 49 Sysmiss 1 Q8a. Purpose 1 22 0 1 4 2 6 6 10 7 1 8 1 Q8b. Purpose 2 0 0 Q8c. Purpose 3 0 0 Household Number 258 0 11014042 42084158 Q1a. Weekly spending on home groceries 258 0 10 250 Q1b. Weekly spending on eating out 241 17 0 100 Q1c. Weekly spending on other daily needs 255 3 2 50 Q2a. Monthly spending on housing 256 2 2 30 Q2b. Monthly spending on fuel/light 255 3 0 210 Q2c. Monthly spending on non-durable h/hold goods 118 140 0 20 0 114 10 3 20 1 Sysmiss 140 Q2d. Monthly spending on health needs 178 80 0 30 Q2e. Monthly spending on running vehicle 197 61 0 400 Q2f. Monthly spending on communication 256 2 0 120 Q2g. Monthly spending on recreation/entertainment 155 103 0 100 Q2h. Monthly spending on community obligations 254 4 0 1000 Q2i. Monthly spending on interest payments 169 89 0 715 Q2j. Monthly spending on gambling 122 136 0 0 0 122 Sysmiss 136 Q3a. Past 6 months spending on clothing/footwear 233 25 0 300 Q3b. Past 6 months spending on education 216 42 0 450 Q3c. Past 6 months spending on electronic goods 125 133 0 650 Q3d. Past 6 months spending on household furnishings 128 130 0 800 Q3e. Past 6 months spending on household applicances 145 113 0 850 Q3f. Past 6 months spending on own business investments 165 93 0 12500 Q3g. Past 6 months spending on family and friends 141 117 0 500 Q4. Domestic transfers received? 258 0 0 500 Q5. Domestic transfers given out? 258 0 0 300 Household Number 258 0 11014042 42084158 Q1. Months selling fish last 12 months 258 0 0 5 0 235 2 6 3 8 4 6 5 3 Q2. Average net monthly income from fish last 12 months 23 235 150 500 Q3. Months sold crops in Tonga in last 12 months 258 0 0 8 0 205 1 1 2 1 3 19 4 12 5 9 6 8 8 3 Q4. Average net monthly income from crops in last 12 months 54 204 0 800 Q5. Months sold livestock in Tonga in last 12 months 258 0 0 4 0 102 1 39 2 91 3 24 4 2 Q6. Average net monthly income from livestock in last 12 months 156 102 100 1500 Q7. Months selling tapa clothes or mats in last 12 months 258 0 0 6 0 124 1 82 2 41 3 5 4 3 5 2 6 1 Q8. Average net monthly income from tapa clothes or mats in last 12 months 134 124 200 10000 Q9. Fortnight pension/superannuation/investments etc 257 1 0 0 0 257 Sysmiss 1 Q10.01 Banana 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 99 2 2=No 159 Quantity 99 159 1 2 1 98 2 1 Sysmiss 159 Unit 99 0 BUNCH 98 BUNDLES 1 Value 99 159 10 20 10 53 15 34 20 12 Sysmiss 159 Q10.02 Breadfruit 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 103 2 2=No 155 Quantity 103 155 1 2 1 102 2 1 Sysmiss 155 Unit 103 0 BASKET 85 BUNCH 1 HEAP 16 UNIT 1 Value 103 155 5 156 Q10.03 Coconut 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 247 2 2=No 11 Quantity 247 11 1 1 1 247 Sysmiss 11 Unit 247 0 BASKET 245 BUNCH 1 NASKET 1 Value 247 11 10 1510 Q10.04 Mango 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 7 2 2=No 251 Quantity 7 251 1 1 1 7 Sysmiss 251 Unit 7 0 BASKET 6 HEAP 1 Value 7 251 10 20 10 1 20 6 Sysmiss 251 Q10.05 Pawpaw 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 21 2 2=No 237 Quantity 21 237 1 3 1 20 3 1 Sysmiss 237 Unit 21 0 BASKET 14 HEAP 6 UNIT 1 Value 21 237 5 15 5 3 10 15 15 3 Sysmiss 237 Q10.06 Pineapple 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 4 2 2=No 254 Quantity 4 254 1 1 1 4 Sysmiss 254 Unit 4 0 HEAP 4 Value 4 254 10 10 10 4 Sysmiss 254 Q10.07 American Taro 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 39 2 2=No 219 Quantity 39 219 1 1 1 39 Sysmiss 219 Unit 39 0 BASKET 33 BUNDLE 6 Value 39 219 20 30 20 33 30 6 Sysmiss 219 Q10.08 Common Taro 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 49 2 2=No 209 Quantity 49 209 1 1 1 49 Sysmiss 209 Unit 49 0 BASKET 7 BUNDLE 41 bundle 1 Value 49 209 15 30 15 1 20 24 30 24 Sysmiss 209 Q10.09 Taamu/Kape 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 59 2 2=No 199 Quantity 59 199 1 10 1 2 2 7 4 18 6 25 8 4 10 3 Sysmiss 199 Unit 58 0 PIECES 1 UNIT 2 UNITS 55 Value 59 199 10 60 Q10.10 Cassava/Manioc 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 155 2 2=No 103 Quantity 155 103 1 1 1 155 Sysmiss 103 Unit 155 0 BASKET 155 Value 155 103 10 20 10 4 15 110 20 41 Sysmiss 103 Q10.11 Yam 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 20 2 2=No 238 Quantity 20 238 1 2 1 18 2 2 Sysmiss 238 Unit 20 0 BASKET 20 Value 20 238 30 200 Q10.12 Sweet Potato/Kumala 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 31 2 2=No 227 Quantity 31 227 1 1 1 31 Sysmiss 227 Unit 31 0 BASKET 31 Value 31 227 10 20 10 1 15 2 20 28 Sysmiss 227 Q10.13 Cabbage 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 110 2 2=No 148 Quantity 110 148 1 2 1 106 2 4 Sysmiss 148 Unit 110 0 HEAP 105 HEAPS 4 PILE 1 Value 110 148 5 20 5 10 10 97 15 1 20 2 Sysmiss 148 Q10.14 Squash, tomatoes, other veges 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 28 2 2=No 230 Quantity 28 230 1 2 1 27 2 1 Sysmiss 230 Unit 28 0 HEAP 28 Value 28 230 10 20 10 25 15 1 20 2 Sysmiss 230 Q10.15 Eggs 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 3 2 2=No 255 Quantity 3 255 1 1 1 3 Sysmiss 255 Unit 3 0 TRAY 3 Value 3 255 15 16 15 2 16 1 Sysmiss 255 Q10.16 Fish, crab, seafood 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 127 2 2=No 131 Quantity 127 0 001 79 002 1 1 46 2 1 Unit 127 0 ESKY 118 STRING 7 TRAY 1 UNIT 1 Value 127 131 10 100 Q10.17 Chicken 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 130 2 2=No 128 Quantity 130 128 1 6 1 76 2 49 3 3 4 1 6 1 Sysmiss 128 Unit 127 0 ESKY 1 UNIT 71 UNITS 54 WHOLE 1 Value 130 128 10 60 Q10.18 Pig 258 0 1 2 1 1=Yes 38 2 2=No 220 Quantity 38 220 1 4 1 11 2 24 3 1 4 2 Sysmiss 220 Unit 38 0 UNIT 9 UNITS 28 WHOLE PIG 1 Value 38 220 60 400 Q10.19 Beef 258 0 2 2 1 1=Yes 0 2 2=No 258 Quantity 0 258 Sysmiss 258 Unit 0 0 Value 0 258 Sysmiss 258 Household Number 258 0 11014042 42084158 Q1. RSE Person 1 ID: 258 0 1 7 1 224 2 29 3 4 7 1 Q1A. Chosen Business 258 0 A 23 B 27 C 46 D 65 E 47 F 28 G 12 H 10 Q2. Most important Financial Decision-making Time 258 0 A 215 B 43 Q3a. Day-to-day spending/bills 258 0 1 5 1 1. Always made by myself 2 2 2. Usually made by myself 35 3 3. Shared between me and someone else in HH in Tonga 219 4 4. Shared between me and extended family in Tonga 0 5 5. Shared between myself & extended family outside Tonga 2 Q3b. Large household purchases 258 0 2 5 1 1. Always made by myself 0 2 2. Usually made by myself 13 3 3. Shared between me and someone else in HH in Tonga 123 4 4. Shared between me and extended family in Tonga 10 5 5. Shared between myself & extended family outside Tonga 112 Q3c. Making large donations 258 0 2 5 1 1. Always made by myself 0 2 2. Usually made by myself 10 3 3. Shared between me and someone else in HH in Tonga 115 4 4. Shared between me and extended family in Tonga 10 5 5. Shared between myself & extended family outside Tonga 123 Q3d. Employment & small business activities 258 0 1 5 1 1. Always made by myself 1 2 2. Usually made by myself 47 3 3. Shared between me and someone else in HH in Tonga 200 4 4. Shared between me and extended family in Tonga 8 5 5. Shared between myself & extended family outside Tonga 2 Q3e. Savings, Investments, Borrowings 258 0 1 5 1 1. Always made by myself 2 2 2. Usually made by myself 36 3 3. Shared between me and someone else in HH in Tonga 208 4 4. Shared between me and extended family in Tonga 6 5 5. Shared between myself & extended family outside Tonga 6