Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 1999-2000 IPUMS-Demographic and Health Series (IPUMS-DHS) DDI_BGD_1999_DHS_v01_M_v02_A_IPUMS Minnesota Population Center

Minnesota Population Center and ICF

Minnesota Population Center September 25, 2019 Minnesota Population Center, 50 Willey Hall, 225 - 19th Avenue South, Minneapolis, MN 55455 Minnesota Population Center DDI Document version - Version 01 (February 2020) This version is identical to IPUMS Version 7 except for the following fields that were edited by World Bank: DDI ID and Study ID - adaptation version number changed to v01 as this is the initial DHS-IPUMS adaptation in World Bank catalog. Version 7 . Documentation of Demographic Household Survey data and harmonized variables as found in IPUMS-DHS. IPUMS has distribution rights to the metadata and data. The XML documents generated by this process are viewed as a distribution of the metadata. Fields edited for the World Bank are: DDI ID and study ID to match World Bank study naming convention, as well as DDI Document Version and Version Description to reflect changed included in version 7. Variable ID's and names were changed to add the prefix W_, C_, B_, M_, or H_ to indicate file source as Woman, Child, Birth, Man, or Household Member respectively. This was done to create unique variable IDs and names within the file. These prefixes are not found in the IPUMS-DHS system. Original extract version date 2019-9-25. DDI metadata revised to add DOI number to stdyDscr/notes and correct assignment of variables to record types. All non-ANSI_Latin characters have been replaced. Demographic and Health Survey 1999-2000 - IPUMS Subset DHS 2000 (IPUMS Harmonized Subset) BGD_1999_DHS_v01_M_v02_A_IPUMS National Institute of Population Research and Training (NIPORT) [Bangladesh], Mitra and Associates (MA), and ORC Macro (ORCM). Minnesota Population Center (c) Copyright , National Institute of Population Research and Training (NIPORT) [Bangladesh], Mitra and Associates (MA), and ORC Macro (ORCM). and Minnesota Population Center National Institute of Population Research and Training (NIPORT) [Bangladesh], Mitra and Associates (MA), and ORC Macro (ORCM). Demographic and Health Survey [hh/dhs] Version 7. The datasets contain selected variables from the original microdata plus harmonized variables from the IPUMS-DHS database. Access to care Variables -- TOPICS Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Antenatal iron supplements Variables -- TOPICS Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Child antenatal care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Child antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Child anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Child delivery care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Child delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Child feeding, general Variables -- TOPICS Child health postpartum Variables -- TOPICS Child pregnancy complications Variables -- TOPICS Child respiratory illness or fever Variables -- TOPICS Child respiratory illness, treatment Variables -- TOPICS Child's breastfeeding Variables -- TOPICS Child vaccination, general Variables -- TOPICS Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Decision-making Variables -- TOPICS Diarrhea, general Variables -- TOPICS Diarrhea, treatment Variables -- TOPICS Discussion of family planning Variables -- TOPICS DPT-HB-Hib vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Education Variables -- TOPICS Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Ethnicity and religion Variables -- TOPICS Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Fertility Variables -- TOPICS First or ever sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS First use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Food insufficiency Variables -- TOPICS Foods fed child in past 24 hours Variables -- TOPICS Future use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS General family planning Variables -- TOPICS General healthcare Variables -- TOPICS General HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS General technical Variables -- TOPICS Geography, general Variables -- TOPICS HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Housing Variables -- TOPICS Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Information on family planning Variables -- TOPICS Integrated geography Variables -- TOPICS IPUMS International geography Variables -- TOPICS Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Material hardship Variables -- TOPICS Maternal antenatal care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Maternal delivery care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Maternal pregnancy complications Variables -- TOPICS Measles vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Media exposure Variables -- TOPICS Migration Variables -- TOPICS Other decision-making Variables -- TOPICS Other vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Place for diarrhea treatment, CS Variables -- TOPICS Place for diarrhea treatment, general Variables -- TOPICS Polio vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Possessions Variables -- TOPICS Postpartum care Variables -- TOPICS Privacy Variables -- TOPICS Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Single sample geography Variables -- TOPICS Social Variables -- TOPICS Source for respiratory treatment, CS Variables -- TOPICS Source for respiratory treatment, general Variables -- TOPICS Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS STI experience Variables -- TOPICS STI knowledge Variables -- TOPICS STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Vaccination campaigns Variables -- TOPICS Vitamin A vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Wealth index Variables -- TOPICS Weights and subsample selection Variables -- TOPICS Why not use family planning Variables -- TOPICS Work Variables -- TOPICS 1999 Bangladesh Woman, Birth, Child, Birth, Man, Household Member Ever-married women age 10-49, Births, Children age 0-4, Currently-married men age 15-59, All persons Demographic and Household Survey [hh/dhs] MICRODATA SOURCE: National Institute of Population Research and Training (NIPORT) [Bangladesh], Mitra and Associates (MA), and ORC Macro (ORCM). SAMPLE UNIT: Woman SAMPLE SIZE: 10544 SAMPLE UNIT: Birth SAMPLE SIZE: 31925 SAMPLE UNIT: Child SAMPLE SIZE: 6832 SAMPLE UNIT: Man SAMPLE SIZE: 2556 SAMPLE UNIT: Member SAMPLE SIZE: 54627 Face-to-face [f2f] None National Institute of Population Research and Training (NIPORT) [Bangladesh], Mitra and Associates (MA), and ORC Macro (ORCM). Publications and research reports based on the IPUMS-DHS database must cite it appropriately. The citation should include the following: Elizabeth Heger Boyle, Miriam King and Matthew Sobek. IPUMS-Demographic and Health Surveys: Version 7 [dataset]. Minnesota Population Center and ICF, 2019. https://doi.org/10.18128/D080.V7 Researchers should also acknowledge the originally produced the data: National Institute of Population Research and Training (NIPORT) [Bangladesh], Mitra and Associates (MA), and ORC Macro (ORCM). Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 1999-2000 [Dataset]. Data Extract from BDIR41.SAV, BDHR41.SAV, BDKR41.SAV, BDBR41.SAV, BDMR41.SAV, and BDPR3A.SAV. IPUMS Demographic and Health Surveys (IPUMS DHS), version 7, IPUMS and ICF [Distributors]. Accessed from http://idhsdata.org on DATE. The licensing agreement for use of IPUMS-DHS data requires that users supply us with the title and full citation for any publications, research reports, or educational materials making use of the data or documentation. Please add your citation to the IPUMS bibliography at http://bibliography.ipums.org/. Users of IPUMS-DHS data must agree to abide by the access restrictions and terms of use set forth by the DHS Program: https://dhsprogram.com/data/Access-Instructions.cfm The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses. BGD2000-W.dat Woman records 10544 ascii Minnesota Population Center BGD2000-B.dat Birth records 31925 ascii Minnesota Population Center BGD2000-C.dat Child records 6832 ascii Minnesota Population Center BGD2000-M.dat Man records 2556 ascii Minnesota Population Center BGD2000-H.dat Household member records 54627 ascii Minnesota Population Center IPUMS-DHS sample identifier SAMPLE identifies the DHS sample from which the case is drawn. Each sample receives a unique 5-digit code. The first three digits are ISO/UN codes used in COUNTRY, and the last two digits identify the sample within the country, ordered by survey year. The related variable SAMPLESTR is a string variable that identifies the DHS sample with the same 5-digit code. 00101 Model 2015 00401 Afghanistan 2015 02401 Angola 2015 05001 Bangladesh 1994 05002 Bangladesh 1996-97 05003 Bangladesh 1999-00 05004 Bangladesh 2004 05005 Bangladesh 2007 05006 Bangladesh 2011 05007 Bangladesh 2014 10401 Myanmar 2015 10801 Burundi 1987 10802 Burundi 2010 10803 Burundi 2016 11601 Cambodia 2000 11602 Cambodia 2005 11603 Cambodia 2010 11604 Cambodia 2014 12001 Cameroon 1991 12002 Cameroon 1998 12003 Cameroon 2004 12004 Cameroon 2011 14801 Chad 1996-97 14802 Chad 2004 14803 Chad 2014 18001 Congo Democratic Republic 2007 18002 Congo Democratic Republic 2013-14 20401 Benin 1996 20402 Benin 2001 20403 Benin 2006 20404 Benin 2011 23101 Ethiopia 2000 23102 Ethiopia 2005 23103 Ethiopia 2011 23104 Ethiopia 2016 28801 Ghana 1988 28802 Ghana 1993 28803 Ghana 1998 28804 Ghana 2003 28805 Ghana 2008 28806 Ghana 2014 32001 Guatemala 1987 32002 Guatemala 1995 32003 Guatemala 2015 32401 Guinea 1999 32402 Guinea 2005 32403 Guinea 2012 35601 India 1992-93 35602 India 1998-99 35603 India 2005-06 35604 India 2015-16 38401 Cote d'Ivoire 1994 38402 Cote d'Ivoire 1998 38403 Cote d'Ivoire 2011 40001 Jordan 1990 40002 Jordan 1997 40003 Jordan 2002 40004 Jordan 2007 40005 Jordan 2009 40006 Jordan 2012 40007 Jordan 2017-18 40401 Kenya 1989 40402 Kenya 1993 40403 Kenya 1998 40404 Kenya 2003 40405 Kenya 2008-9 40406 Kenya 2014 42601 Lesotho 2004 42602 Lesotho 2009 42603 Lesotho 2014 45001 Madagascar 1992 45002 Madagascar 1997 45003 Madagascar 2003 45004 Madagascar 2008 45401 Malawi 1992 45402 Malawi 2000 45403 Malawi 2004 45404 Malawi 2010 45405 Malawi 2016 46601 Mali 1987 46602 Mali 1995-6 46603 Mali 2001 46604 Mali 2006 46605 Mali 2012 50401 Morocco 1987 50402 Morocco 1992 50403 Morocco 2003 50801 Mozambique 1997 50802 Mozambique 2003 50803 Mozambique 2011 51601 Namibia 1992 51602 Namibia 2000 51603 Namibia 2006 51604 Namibia 2013 52401 Nepal 1996 52402 Nepal 2001 52403 Nepal 2006 52404 Nepal 2011 52405 Nepal 2016 56201 Niger 1992 56202 Niger 1998 56203 Niger 2006 56204 Niger 2012 56601 Nigeria 1990 56602 Nigeria 1999 56603 Nigeria 2003 56604 Nigeria 2008 56605 Nigeria 2013 58601 Pakistan 1990-91 58602 Pakistan 2006-07 58603 Pakistan 2012-13 58604 Pakistan 2017-18 60401 Peru 1991-92 60402 Peru 1996 60403 Peru 2000 60404 Peru 2004-08 60405 Peru 2010 60406 Peru 2011 60407 Peru 2012 64601 Rwanda 1992 64602 Rwanda 2000 64603 Rwanda 2005 64604 Rwanda 2010 64605 Rwanda 2014 68601 Senegal 1986 68602 Senegal 1992-93 68603 Senegal 1997 68604 Senegal 2005 68605 Senegal 2010-11 68606 Senegal 2012-13 68607 Senegal 2014 68608 Senegal 2015 68609 Senegal 2016 68610 Senegal 2017 71001 South Africa 1998 71002 South Africa 2016 71601 Zimbabwe 1988 71602 Zimbabwe 1994 71603 Zimbabwe 1999 71604 Zimbabwe 2005-6 71605 Zimbabwe 2010-11 71606 Zimbabwe 2015 72901 Sudan 1989-90 78801 Tunisia 1988 79201 Turkey 1993 79202 Turkey 1998 79203 Turkey 2003 80001 Uganda 1988 80002 Uganda 1995 80003 Uganda 2001 80004 Uganda 2006 80005 Uganda 2011 80006 Uganda 2016 81801 Egypt 1988 81802 Egypt 1992 81803 Egypt 1995 81804 Egypt 2000 81805 Egypt 2005 81806 Egypt 2008 81807 Egypt 2014 83401 Tanzania 1991 83402 Tanzania 1996 83403 Tanzania 1999 83404 Tanzania 2004 83405 Tanzania 2010 83406 Tanzania 2015 85401 Burkina Faso 1993 85402 Burkina Faso 1998 85403 Burkina Faso 2003 85404 Burkina Faso 2010 88701 Yemen 1991-92 88702 Yemen 2013 89401 Zambia 1992 89402 Zambia 1996 89403 Zambia 2001 89404 Zambia 2007 89405 Zambia 2013 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS IPUMS-DHS sample identifier (string) SAMPLESTR is a string variable that identifies the DHS sample from which the case is drawn. Each sample receives a unique 5-digit code. The first three digits are ISO/UN codes used in COUNTRY, and the last two digits identify the sample within the country, ordered by survey year. The related variable SAMPLE is a numeric variable that identifies the DHS sample with the same 5-digit code. 11603 Cambodia 2010 11602 Cambodia 2005 11601 Cambodia 2000 10803 Burundi 2016 10802 Burundi 2010 10801 Burundi 1987 10401 Myanmar 2015 05007 Bangladesh 2014 05006 Bangladesh 2011 05005 Bangladesh 2007 05004 Bangladesh 2004 05003 Bangladesh 1999-00 05001 Bangladesh 1994 05002 Bangladesh 1996-97 14801 Chad 1996-97 12004 Cameroon 2011 12003 Cameroon 2004 14803 Chad 2014 18001 Congo Democratic Republic 2007 18002 Congo Democratic Republic 2013-14 20401 Benin 1996 81807 Egypt 2014 81806 Egypt 2008 81805 Egypt 2005 81804 Egypt 2000 81803 Egypt 1995 81802 Egypt 1992 81801 Egypt 1988 80006 Uganda 2016 80005 Uganda 2011 80004 Uganda 2006 80003 Uganda 2001 80002 Uganda 1995 80001 Uganda 1988 79203 Turkey 2003 79202 Turkey 1998 79201 Turkey 1993 78801 Tunisia 1988 72901 Sudan 1989-90 71606 Zimbabwe 2015 71605 Zimbabwe 2010-11 71604 Zimbabwe 2005-6 71603 Zimbabwe 1999 71602 Zimbabwe 1994 71601 Zimbabwe 1988 71001 South Africa 1998 68610 Senegal 2017 68609 Senegal 2016 68608 Senegal 2015 68607 Senegal 2014 14802 Chad 2004 68606 Senegal 2012-13 68605 Senegal 2010-11 68604 Senegal 2005 68603 Senegal 1997 68602 Senegal 1992-93 68601 Senegal 1986 64605 Rwanda 2014 64604 Rwanda 2010 64603 Rwanda 2005 64602 Rwanda 2000 64601 Rwanda 1992 60407 Peru 2012 60406 Peru 2011 60405 Peru 2010 60404 Peru 2004-08 60403 Peru 2000 60402 Peru 1996 60401 Peru 1991-92 58603 Pakistan 2012-13 58602 Pakistan 2006-07 58601 Pakistan 1990-91 56605 Nigeria 2013 56604 Nigeria 2008 56603 Nigeria 2003 56602 Nigeria 1999 56601 Nigeria 1990 56204 Niger 2012 56203 Niger 2006 56202 Niger 1998 12002 Cameroon 1998 12001 Cameroon 1991 11604 Cambodia 2014 02401 Angola 2015 00401 Afghanistan 2015 00101 Model 2015 56201 Niger 1992 52404 Nepal 2011 52403 Nepal 2006 52402 Nepal 2001 52401 Nepal 1996 51604 Namibia 2013 51603 Namibia 2006 51602 Namibia 2000 51601 Namibia 1992 50803 Mozambique 2011 50802 Mozambique 2003 50801 Mozambique 1997 50403 Morocco 2003 50402 Morocco 1992 50401 Morocco 1987 46605 Mali 2012 46604 Mali 2006 46603 Mali 2001 46602 Mali 1995-6 46601 Mali 1987 45405 Malawi 2016 45404 Malawi 2010 45403 Malawi 2004 45402 Malawi 2000 45401 Malawi 1992 45004 Madagascar 2008 45003 Madagascar 2003 45002 Madagascar 1997 45001 Madagascar 1992 42603 Lesotho 2014 42602 Lesotho 2009 42601 Lesotho 2004 40406 Kenya 2014 40405 Kenya 2008-9 40404 Kenya 2003 40403 Kenya 1998 40402 Kenya 1993 40401 Kenya 1989 40006 Jordan 2012 40005 Jordan 2009 40004 Jordan 2007 40003 Jordan 2002 40002 Jordan 1997 40001 Jordan 1990 38403 Cote d'Ivoire 2011 38402 Cote d'Ivoire 1998 38401 Cote d'Ivoire 1994 35604 India 2015-16 35603 India 2005-06 35602 India 1998-99 35601 India 1992-93 32403 Guinea 2012 32402 Guinea 2005 32401 Guinea 1999 32003 Guatemala 2015 32002 Guatemala 1995 32001 Guatemala 1987 28806 Ghana 2014 28805 Ghana 2008 28804 Ghana 2003 28803 Ghana 1998 28802 Ghana 1993 28801 Ghana 1988 23104 Ethiopia 2016 23103 Ethiopia 2011 23102 Ethiopia 2005 23101 Ethiopia 2000 20404 Benin 2011 20403 Benin 2006 20402 Benin 2001 83401 Tanzania 1991 83402 Tanzania 1996 83403 Tanzania 1999 83404 Tanzania 2004 83405 Tanzania 2010 83406 Tanzania 2015 85401 Burkina Faso 1993 85402 Burkina Faso 1998 85403 Burkina Faso 2003 85404 Burkina Faso 2010 88701 Yemen 1991-92 88702 Yemen 2013 89401 Zambia 1992 89402 Zambia 1996 89403 Zambia 2001 89404 Zambia 2007 89405 Zambia 2013 40007 Jordan 2017 52405 Nepal 2016 58604 Pakistan 2017-18 71002 South Africa 2016 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Country COUNTRY reports the country where the survey was fielded. The codes assigned to each country are those used by the UN Statistics Division and the ISO (International Organization for Standardization). 001 Model 004 Afghanistan 024 Angola 050 Bangladesh 104 Myanmar 108 Burundi 116 Cambodia 120 Cameroon 148 Chad 180 Congo Democratic Republic 204 Benin 231 Ethiopia 288 Ghana 320 Guatemala 324 Guinea 356 India 384 Cote d'Ivoire 400 Jordan 404 Kenya 426 Lesotho 450 Madagascar 454 Malawi 466 Mali 504 Morocco 508 Mozambique 516 Namibia 524 Nepal 562 Niger 566 Nigeria 586 Pakistan 604 Peru 646 Rwanda 686 Senegal 710 South Africa 716 Zimbabwe 729 Sudan 788 Tunisia 792 Turkey 800 Uganda 818 Egypt 834 Tanzania 854 Burkina Faso 887 Yemen 894 Zambia Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Year of sample YEAR reports the year when the survey was fielded, as a four-digit variable. In some cases, the DHS was conducted over the course of two years (e.g., Ethiopia 2010-2011), but YEAR always gives a single year. For full information about the timing of the surveys, please consult the IPUMS-DHS Sample Descriptions page. 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 2017 2017 2018 2018 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Unique cross-sample respondent identifier IDHSPID is an identifying number unique to person in a given sample. It is a concatenation of SAMPLE and CASEID. IDHSPID is a 22-character string variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Unique cross-sample household identifier IDHSHID is an identifying number unique to a specific household in a given sample. It is a concatenation of SAMPLE, CLUSTERNO and HHNUM. IDHSHID is a 19-character string variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Key to link DHS clusters to context data (string) DHSID is the 14-character DHS identification code for DHS clusters constructed from the 2-character country code, the 4-digit survey year, and the 8-digit cluster identification number. DHSID is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample and uniquely identifies clusters across samples. It serves as the unique linking key between IPUMS-DHS microdata and DHS cluster shapefiles. This is a 14-digit numeric variable with 0 implied decimal places Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Unique sample-case PSU identifier IDHSPSU is an identifying number unique to the primary sampling unit in a given sample. This variable is a concatenation of SAMPLE (which uniquely identifies each country- and year-specific sample) and PSU (the numbered primary sampling units within a given sample). Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Unique cross-sample sampling strata IDHSSTRATA is an identifying number unique to the sampling strata in a given sample. This variable is a concatenation of SAMPLE (which uniquely identifies each country- and year-specific sample) and STRATA (groups of geographically similar areas, from which primary sampling units are drawn). Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific respondent identifier CASEID is the unique identifier for each woman in a given sample year. Using CASEID and CLUSTERNO, analysts can link IPUMS-DHS data to the original DHS datasets to attach variables that are not currently available in IPUMS-DHS. For example, researchers can use CASEID and CLUSTERNO to link variables from the IPUMS-DHS with other variables from the Woman's Recode file to merge country-specific variables, or to the Household or Couples Recode file to attach variables that are not yet part of IPUMS-DHS. In most samples, users can identify women who are in the same household by using the first 12 characters of CASEID (and CLUSTERNO (V001)), as this indicates a unique household identifier. CASEID is generally created by The DHS Program using the variables CLUSTERNO (V001), HHNUM (V002), and LINENO (V003), with the last three characters indicating the respondent's line number in the household file. For instructions on how to create links between IPUMS-DHS data and DHS source data, see the User Note on "Merging IDHS and DHS Data." [URL omitted from DDI.] CASEID is a 18-character string variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific household identifier HHID is an identifying number unique to each household in a given sample. HHID is a 15-character string variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific primary sampling unit PSU (V021) is the variable indicating the primary sampling unit or PSU. It should be used along with the variable DOMAIN (V023) to account for the impact of the sample design clustering on the variance estimates and standard errors. The DHS Recode Manuals for Phase 2 forward describe this variable as follows: Primary sampling unit is a number assigned to sample points to identify the primary sampling units for use in the calculation of sampling errors. This variable is usually the same as the cluster number and/or the ultimate area unit, but may differ if the sample design required a multistage selection process. See the notes on DHS webpage "Using sample weights" [URL omitted from DDI.] on variance estimation for additional information. PSU (V021) is a 6-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific sampling strata STRATA (V022) defines the pairings or groupings of primary sampling units used in the calculation of sampling errors when using the Taylor series expansion method. In two-stage sampling, The DHS Program may first group small geographic areas, such as enumeration areas from the last census, into broad strata defined jointly by region and urban versus rural areas within a region. In the second stage of sampling, a subset of geographic areas (sample clusters) are selected as the sites for interviewing from within defined strata. STRATA is not the same as DOMAIN (V023). (Domains represent statistically representative areas for which valid summary statistics can be calculated for a survey, such as provinces and national urban versus rural combined areas, as described in the survey's final report.) The DHS Program recommends using STRATA along with the variable PSU (V021) to account for the impact of the sample design clustering on the estimates of variance and standard errors. Users are strongly encouraged to review the FAQ section provided by The DHS Program on specifying stratification and clustering here [URL omitted from DDI.], using Stata or SPSS to account for sample design. STRATA (V022) is a 5-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific domain DOMAIN (V023) defines the basic geographic units for which the sample was designed to yield representative estimates. The DHS Recode Manual describes DOMAIN as follows: For example, if the sample was designed to be self-weighting within region, this variable would define those regions; if the sample was designed to be self-weighting within major urban areas, other urban areas and rural areas, this variable would define the major urban, other urban and rural areas. If the sample is self-weighted at the national level, this variable is code 0. When national estimates are desired, users should include survey design variables, including DOMAIN (V023) and PSU (V021), and the correct sample weights (e.g., PERWEIGHT (V005)) to adjust sampling errors to account for DHS' sample design. In most countries, DOMAIN defines the stratification for the sample (generally either regional or national). However, some countries use two levels of stratification, such as region and urban/rural areas. Users should check for the correct stratification design by consulting the Final Report(s) for the sample(s) of interest (particularly the Introduction and Sample Design sections and Implementation Appendix). DOMAIN is a 5-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Household number in cluster IDENTIFICATION DIVISION: DISTRICT: THANA: UNION OR WARD: VILLAGE OR MOHALLA OR BLOCK: CLUSTER NUMBER: HOUSEHOLD NUMBER: DHAKA/CHITTAGONG OR SMALL CITY OR TOWN OR VILLAGE? DHAKA OR CHITTAGONG 1 SMALL CITY 2 TOWN 3 VILLAGE 4 NAME OF HOUSEHOLD HEAD: NAME AND LINE NUMBER OF ELIGIBLE WOMAN: HHNUM (V002) is the number identifying the household in which the respondent was interviewed, within each sample. To identify unique households in most samples, researchers must use HHNUM with CLUSTERNO (V001). For most samples, HHNUM and CLUSTERNO can be used to merge IPUMS-DHS data from the women's file to DHS Household Recode files, to incorporate household variables not yet available in the IPUMS-DHS. However, in some household files, HHNUM and CLUSTERNO do not uniquely identify households in the DHS Household Recode file. For information about the IPUMS-DHS samples where HHNUM and CLUSTERNO are not sufficient to uniquely identify households, and for guidance on what further steps to take for linking files in such cases, please consult the User Note on Linking. [URL omitted from DDI.] HHNUM is a 4-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific cluster number IDENTIFICATION DIVISION: DISTRICT: THANA: UNION OR WARD: VILLAGE OR MOHALLA OR BLOCK: CLUSTER NUMBER: HOUSEHOLD NUMBER: DHAKA/CHITTAGONG OR SMALL CITY OR TOWN OR VILLAGE? DHAKA OR CHITTAGONG 1 SMALL CITY 2 TOWN 3 VILLAGE 4 NAME OF HOUSEHOLD HEAD: NAME AND LINE NUMBER OF ELIGIBLE WOMAN: CLUSTERNO (V001) reports the cluster number for the person's de facto residence. According to the DHS Sampling Manual, "A cluster is the smallest geographical survey statistical unit for DHS surveys. It consists of a number of adjacent households in a geographical area. For DHS surveys, a cluster corresponds either to an [enumeration area], or a segment of a large [enumeration area]." The most recent census for a country, which divided all territory into enumeration areas to ensure full coverage of the population, often provides the sampling frame for a DHS survey. CLUSTERNO is the variable indicating the primary sampling unit or PSU. It should be used along with the variable STRATA to account for the impact of the sample design clustering on the estimates of variance and standard errors. See the notes on DHS webpage "Use sample weights" [URL omitted from DDI.] on variance estimation for additional information. CLUSTERNO (V001) and HHNUM (V002) can be used to merge the women's individual recode file to the household recode file. See the DHS webpage Merging Datasets [URL omitted from DDI.] on variables to be used for linking data sets. CLUSTERNO is an 8 digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific ultimate area unit ULTAREAUNIT (V004) reports the ultimate area unit for the person's de facto residence. According to the DHS recode manuals, ULTAREAUNIT is a number assigned to each sample point to identify the ultimate area units in the collection of data. It is usually the same as the cluster number [CLUSTERNO (V001)], but may be a sequentially numbered variable for samples with a more complicated structure. ULTAREAUNIT can be used to account for the impact of the sampling design clustering on the variance estimates and standard errors. ULTAREAUNIT (V004) is a 4-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Household line number of woman respondent IDENTIFICATION DIVISION: DISTRICT: THANA: UNION OR WARD: VILLAGE OR MOHALLA OR BLOCK: CLUSTER NUMBER: HOUSEHOLD NUMBER: DHAKA/CHITTAGONG OR SMALL CITY OR TOWN OR VILLAGE? DHAKA OR CHITTAGONG 1 SMALL CITY 2 TOWN 3 VILLAGE 4 NAME OF HOUSEHOLD HEAD: NAME AND LINE NUMBER OF ELIGIBLE WOMAN: LINENO (V003) reports the number of the line on which the DHS interviewer recorded the woman's name, when filling out the household schedule. After asking "Please give me the names of the persons who usually live in your household or are staying with you now, starting with the head of the household," the interviewer recorded each name in turn on successively numbered lines printed on the household survey form. 001 1 002 2 003 3 004 4 005 5 006 6 007 7 008 8 009 9 010 10 011 11 012 12 013 13 014 14 015 15 016 16 017 17 018 18 019 19 020 20 021 21 022 22 023 23 024 24 025 25 026 26 027 27 028 28 029 29 030 30 031 31 032 32 033 33 034 34 035 35 036 36 037 37 038 38 039 39 040 40 041 41 042 42 043 43 044 44 045 45 046 46 047 47 048 48 049 49 050 50 051 51 052 52 053 53 054 54 055 55 056 56 057 57 058 58 059 59 060 60 061 61 062 62 063 63 064 64 065 65 066 66 067 67 068 68 069 69 070 70 071 71 072 72 073 73 074 74 075 75 076 76 077 77 078 78 079 79 080 80 081 81 082 82 083 83 084 84 085 85 086 86 087 87 088 88 089 89 090 90 091 91 092 92 093 93 094 94 095 95 096 96 097 97 098 98 099 99 100 100 101 101 102 102 103 103 104 104 105 105 106 106 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Respondent's line number (answering Household questionnaire) INTERVIEWER VISITS FIRST VISIT (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD VISITS) DATE INTERVIEWER'S NAME RESULT* 1 COMPLETED 2 NO HOUSEHOLD MEMBER AT HOME OR NO COMPETENT RESPONDENT AT HOME AT TIME OF VISIT 3 ENTIRE HOUSEHOLD ABSENT FOR EXTENDED PERIOD OF TIME 4 POSTPONED 5 REFUSED 6 DWELLING VACANT OR ADDRESS NOT A DWELLING 7 DWELLING DESTROYED 8 DWELLING NOT FOUND 9 OTHER (SPECIFY) NEXT VISIT DATE TIME FINAL VISIT DAY MONTH YEAR INTERVIEWER'S CODE RESULT* TOTAL NUMBER OF VISITS: TOTAL PERSONS IN HOUSEHOLD: TOTAL ELIGIBLE WOMEN: TOTAL ELIGIBLE MEN: LINE NUMBER OF RESPONDENT TO HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULE: LINENOHHRESP (HV003) reports the line number in the household schedule of the person responding to the questions asked in the household questionnaire. If nobody in the household was available for the interview, this variable is coded "00." 00 Not in household 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 98 Missing Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Household line number of respondent's husband 506. RECORD THE HUSBAND'S NAME AND LINE NUMBER FROM THE HOUSEHOLD QUESTIONNAIRE. IF HE IS NOT LISTED IN THE HOUSEHOLD, RECORD '00'. NAME ___ LINE NUMBER ___ LINENOHUS (V034) reports the number of the line on which the DHS interviewer recorded the name of the women's husband/partner, when filling out the household schedule. After asking "Please give me the names of the persons who usually live in your household or are staying with you now, starting with the head of the household," the interviewer recorded each name in turn on successively numbered lines printed on the household survey form. 00 Husband not in the household 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample weight for persons PERWEIGHT (V005) is an 8-digit variable with 6 implied decimal places, which should be used as a weighting factor to produce representative numbers accurately describing the surveyed population. While the DHS Recode Manuals direct the researcher to divide the original weight variable by 1,000,000 before applying the weighting factor to the original DHS data files, it is not necessary to modify the value of PERWEIGHT before applying this weight to cases in IPUMS-DHS. PERWEIGHT should be used to weight nearly all tabulations made using IPUMS-DHS data. Occasionally, as with the domestic violence variables, a subset of respondents are randomly selected to answer questions from a survey module, and a specialized weight such as DVWEIGHT should be used instead. Note: The 6 implied decimal places in PERWEIGHT mean that the last six digits of the eight-digit variable are decimal digits, but there is no actual decimal in the data. PERWEIGHT is an 8-digit numeric variable with 6 implied decimal places. See the variable description for directions on the use of PERWEIGHT. Weights and subsample selection Variables -- TOPICS All woman factor for total population AWFACTT is a 5-digit variable (in IPUMS-DHS) with 2 implied decimal places that is used to create total population estimates for all women of childbearing age, for those samples interviewing only ever-married women. A post from DHS senior staff member Tom Pullum on the DHS Users Forum explains, The all-woman factors are needed when you are trying to estimate something for all women, but you have to work with ever-married women because that's all you have in the sample. An example is when you want to estimate a fertility rate for all women but you only have the births and exposure for ever-married women. You have to assume that (a) never-married women have no births and (b) awfact/100 is a multiplier to inflate exposure for ever-married women to exposure for all women. For surveys that used a sampling frame of all women of childbearing age, AWFACTT has a value of 100 (or 1.00, with two decimal places), and thus has no effect on the survey statistics when used as a multiplier. For samples that included only ever-married women, AWFACTT serves as a multiplier to create total population figures for all women of childbearing age, following the assumptions noted above. The width of AWFACTT ranges from a low of 3 to a high of 5 in the original DHS files; see Comparability for further discussion. AWFACTT is a 5-digit numeric variable with 2 implied decimal places. See the variable description for directions on the use of AWFACTT. Weights and subsample selection Variables -- TOPICS Household selected for men's/husband's survey (individual-level) MENSELHH (HV027) indicates whether the respondent's household was selected for the men's or husband's survey. Samples including neither a men's survey nor a husband's survey are excluded from this variable in IPUMS-DHS. 0 Not selected 1 Selected for men's survey 2 Selected for husband's survey Weights and subsample selection Variables -- TOPICS Year of interview INTERVIEWER VISITS FIRST VISIT (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD VISITS) DATE INTERVIEWER'S NAME RESULT* 1 COMPLETED 2 NOT AT HOME 3 POSTPONED 4 REFUSED 5 PARTLY COMPLETED 6 RESPONDENT INCAPACITATED 7 OTHER (SPECIFY) NEXT VISIT DATE TIME FINAL VISIT DATE MONTH 01 JANUARY 02 FEBRUARY 03 MARCH 04 APRIL 05 MAY 06 JUNE 07 JULY 08 AUGUST 09 SEPTEMBER 10 OCTOBER 11 NOVEMBER 12 DECEMBER YEAR CODE RESULT* INTYEAR (V007) reports the year the interview took place. The dates reported in INTYEAR are based on the Gregorian calendar. Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Month of interview INTERVIEWER VISITS FIRST VISIT (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD VISITS) DATE INTERVIEWER'S NAME RESULT* 1 COMPLETED 2 NOT AT HOME 3 POSTPONED 4 REFUSED 5 PARTLY COMPLETED 6 RESPONDENT INCAPACITATED 7 OTHER (SPECIFY) NEXT VISIT DATE TIME FINAL VISIT DATE MONTH 01 JANUARY 02 FEBRUARY 03 MARCH 04 APRIL 05 MAY 06 JUNE 07 JULY 08 AUGUST 09 SEPTEMBER 10 OCTOBER 11 NOVEMBER 12 DECEMBER YEAR CODE RESULT* MONTHINT (V006) reports the month when the interview took place. 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Day of interview INTERVIEWER VISITS FIRST VISIT (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD VISITS) DATE INTERVIEWER'S NAME RESULT* 1 COMPLETED 2 NOT AT HOME 3 POSTPONED 4 REFUSED 5 PARTLY COMPLETED 6 RESPONDENT INCAPACITATED 7 OTHER (SPECIFY) NEXT VISIT DATE TIME FINAL VISIT DATE MONTH 01 JANUARY 02 FEBRUARY 03 MARCH 04 APRIL 05 MAY 06 JUNE 07 JULY 08 AUGUST 09 SEPTEMBER 10 OCTOBER 11 NOVEMBER 12 DECEMBER YEAR CODE RESULT* INTDAY (V016) reports the day of the month on which the interview took place. INTDAY uses dates expressed in the Gregorian calendar. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Century month date of interview INTERVIEWER VISITS FIRST VISIT (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD VISITS) DATE INTERVIEWER'S NAME RESULT* 1 COMPLETED 2 NOT AT HOME 3 POSTPONED 4 REFUSED 5 PARTLY COMPLETED 6 RESPONDENT INCAPACITATED 7 OTHER (SPECIFY) NEXT VISIT DATE TIME FINAL VISIT DATE MONTH 01 JANUARY 02 FEBRUARY 03 MARCH 04 APRIL 05 MAY 06 JUNE 07 JULY 08 AUGUST 09 SEPTEMBER 10 OCTOBER 11 NOVEMBER 12 DECEMBER YEAR CODE RESULT* INTDATECMC (V008) reports century month code for the date on which the interview took place. Century month codes (CMC) are particularly useful for checking the consistency of dates, calculating intervals between events, and imputing dates when the information for an event is missing or partially complete. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC minus ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006). [URL omitted from DDI.]. The century month codes reported in INTDATECMC are calculated using the Gregorian calculator. INTDATECMC (V008) is a 4-digit variable. Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Century month code (CMC) for start of survey INTSTARTCMC reports the century month code (CMC) for the first month the survey was fielded, according to the DHS Program website. The contextual variables in IPUMS DHS use the month in INTSTARTCMC as the month of the survey start date. The related variable INTENDCMC reports the century month code for the last month the survey was fielded, according to the DHS Program website. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006). [URL omitted from DDI.]. The century month codes reported in INTSTARTCMC are calculated using the Gregorian calculator. 1415 1415 1414 1414 1399 1399 1397 1397 1408 1408 1402 1402 1398 1398 1393 1393 1392 1392 1391 1391 1390 1390 1388 1388 1387 1387 1386 1386 1381 1381 1379 1379 1378 1378 1377 1377 1374 1374 1373 1373 1372 1372 1369 1369 1365 1365 1364 1364 1361 1361 1358 1358 1355 1355 1354 1354 1353 1353 1350 1350 1346 1346 1344 1344 1339 1339 1338 1338 1333 1333 1332 1332 1330 1330 1329 1329 1328 1328 1327 1327 1326 1326 1325 1325 1320 1320 1318 1318 1307 1307 1305 1305 1302 1302 1299 1299 1296 1296 1290 1290 1288 1288 1287 1287 1285 1285 1283 1283 1281 1281 1280 1280 1277 1277 1274 1274 1273 1273 1271 1271 1269 1269 1268 1268 1264 1264 1262 1262 1258 1258 1257 1257 1255 1255 1250 1250 1249 1249 1248 1248 1247 1247 1246 1246 1244 1244 1243 1243 1242 1242 1241 1241 1240 1240 1239 1239 1231 1231 1223 1223 1220 1220 1213 1213 1209 1209 1207 1207 1206 1206 1202 1202 1199 1199 1197 1197 1193 1193 1191 1191 1187 1187 1185 1185 1184 1184 1179 1179 1178 1178 1177 1177 1173 1173 1170 1170 1167 1167 1165 1165 1164 1164 1163 1163 1160 1160 1159 1159 1158 1158 1153 1153 1151 1151 1143 1143 1135 1135 1134 1134 1127 1127 1125 1125 1124 1124 1118 1118 1116 1116 1115 1115 1113 1113 1111 1111 1110 1110 1109 1109 1108 1108 1107 1107 1105 1105 1103 1103 1102 1102 1096 1096 1092 1092 1090 1090 1084 1084 1079 1079 1068 1068 1066 1066 1065 1065 1062 1062 1058 1058 1049 1049 1047 1047 1036 1036 Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Century month code (CMC) for end of survey INTENDCMC reports the century month code (CMC) for the last month the survey was fielded, according to the DHS Program website. The related variable INTSTARTCMC reports the century month code for the first month the survey was fielded, according to the DHS Program website. The contextual variables in IPUMS DHS use the month in INTSTARTCMC as the month of the survey start date. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006). [URL omitted from DDI.]. The century month codes reported in INTENDCMC are calculated using the Gregorian calculator. 1418 1418 1417 1417 1403 1403 1420 1420 1039 1039 1051 1051 1052 1052 1062 1062 1066 1066 1069 1069 1070 1070 1073 1073 1085 1085 1090 1090 1092 1092 1097 1097 1101 1101 1105 1105 1107 1107 1108 1108 1109 1109 1110 1110 1114 1114 1115 1115 1118 1118 1119 1119 1124 1124 1125 1125 1126 1126 1130 1130 1131 1131 1139 1139 1148 1148 1153 1153 1157 1157 1158 1158 1160 1160 1163 1163 1165 1165 1167 1167 1168 1168 1171 1171 1174 1174 1176 1176 1182 1182 1183 1183 1185 1185 1187 1187 1190 1190 1191 1191 1193 1193 1195 1195 1199 1199 1200 1200 1203 1203 1204 1204 1205 1205 1207 1207 1208 1208 1211 1211 1212 1212 1215 1215 1217 1217 1218 1218 1223 1223 1229 1229 1233 1233 1242 1242 1244 1244 1245 1245 1246 1246 1247 1247 1249 1249 1250 1250 1251 1251 1253 1253 1256 1256 1261 1261 1262 1262 1265 1265 1266 1266 1267 1267 1268 1268 1272 1272 1274 1274 1275 1275 1276 1276 1277 1277 1280 1280 1282 1282 1283 1283 1284 1284 1286 1286 1287 1287 1292 1292 1294 1294 1295 1295 1300 1300 1302 1302 1306 1306 1307 1307 1310 1310 1316 1316 1320 1320 1321 1321 1325 1325 1331 1331 1333 1333 1335 1335 1336 1336 1337 1337 1338 1338 1340 1340 1343 1343 1344 1344 1347 1347 1349 1349 1350 1350 1354 1354 1356 1356 1358 1358 1360 1360 1362 1362 1365 1365 1367 1367 1370 1370 1372 1372 1374 1374 1378 1378 1379 1379 1380 1380 1384 1384 1390 1390 1392 1392 1394 1394 1398 1398 1399 1399 1402 1402 1404 1404 1405 1405 1406 1406 1416 1416 Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Time interview started (hhmm - 24 hour clock) 101. RECORD THE TIME STARTED. HOUR ___ MINUTES ___ INTSTART (V801) reports the time of the start of the interview. The first two digits give the time in hours using the 24-hour clock, and the last two digits give the minutes within that hour. For example, a code of "1349" indicates the interview began at 1:49 P.M. 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Time interview ended (hhmm - 24 hour clock) 820. RECORD THE TIME. HOUR ___ MINUTES ___ INTEND (V802) reports the time of the end of the interview. The first two digits give the time in hours using the 24-hour clock, and the last two digits give the minutes within that hour. For example, a code of "1349" indicates the interview ended at 1:49 P.M. 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Length of interview (minutes) INTDURATION (V803) reports the duration of the female interview (in minutes). The duration is top-coded at 95 minutes. Interviews that required more than one visit (INTVISITNO (V804) are coded as "96" for "2+ visits." INTDURATION is calculated based on the interview's start and end times in INTSTART (V801) and INTEND (V802). 00 0 minutes 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 83 84 84 85 85 86 86 87 87 88 88 89 89 90 90 91 91 92 92 93 93 94 94 95 95+ 96 2+ visits 97 Inconsistent 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Number of visits for the interview INTVISITNO (V804) reports the number of visits required to complete the female interview. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Result of individual interview INTERVIEWER VISITS FIRST VISIT (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD VISITS) DATE INTERVIEWER'S NAME RESULT* 1 COMPLETED 2 NOT AT HOME 3 POSTPONED 4 REFUSED 5 PARTLY COMPLETED 6 RESPONDENT INCAPACITATED 7 OTHER (SPECIFY) NEXT VISIT DATE TIME FINAL VISIT DATE MONTH 01 JANUARY 02 FEBRUARY 03 MARCH 04 APRIL 05 MAY 06 JUNE 07 JULY 08 AUGUST 09 SEPTEMBER 10 OCTOBER 11 NOVEMBER 12 DECEMBER YEAR CODE RESULT* INTRESULT (V015) reports the result of the individual interview. Code 1 represents a completed interview. Only completed interview cases are included in the DHS women's individual recode files, which provide the source material for IPUMS-DHS. 7 Other 6 Respondent Incapacitated 5 Partly completed 4 Refused 3 Postponed 2 Not at home 1 Completed General technical Variables -- TOPICS Ever-married or all-women sample EVMARALLSAMP (V020) indicates whether the sample includes only ever-married women or includes all women of childbearing age. 1 All women sample 2 Ever-married women sample General technical Variables -- TOPICS Identification number of interviewer, women's survey INTERVIEWER VISITS FIRST VISIT (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD VISITS) DATE INTERVIEWER'S NAME RESULT* 1 COMPLETED 2 NOT AT HOME 3 POSTPONED 4 REFUSED 5 PARTLY COMPLETED 6 RESPONDENT INCAPACITATED 7 OTHER (SPECIFY) NEXT VISIT DATE TIME FINAL VISIT DATE MONTH 01 JANUARY 02 FEBRUARY 03 MARCH 04 APRIL 05 MAY 06 JUNE 07 JULY 08 AUGUST 09 SEPTEMBER 10 OCTOBER 11 NOVEMBER 12 DECEMBER YEAR CODE RESULT* INTERVIEWERIDIR (V028) reports the interviewer identification code for the interviewer conducting the individual women's interviews for women of childbearing age. Codes are country- and sample-specific; a given numeric code in one survey refers to a different person than the same numeric code in another survey. Numbering of interviewer codes is not necessarily consecutive; some surveys use "0" as an identification code, for example, while others begin with a 3-digit number. Using the interviewer identification codes, researchers can evaluate whether the quality of responses (e.g., the number of "missing" cases) depended on the person conducting the interview. General technical Variables -- TOPICS Identification number of interviewer, household survey INTERVIEWER VISITS FIRST VISIT (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD VISITS) DATE INTERVIEWER'S NAME RESULT* 1 COMPLETED 2 NO HOUSEHOLD MEMBER AT HOME OR NO COMPETENT RESPONDENT AT HOME AT TIME OF VISIT 3 ENTIRE HOUSEHOLD ABSENT FOR EXTENDED PERIOD OF TIME 4 POSTPONED 5 REFUSED 6 DWELLING VACANT OR ADDRESS NOT A DWELLING 7 DWELLING DESTROYED 8 DWELLING NOT FOUND 9 OTHER (SPECIFY) NEXT VISIT DATE TIME FINAL VISIT DAY MONTH YEAR INTERVIEWER'S CODE RESULT* TOTAL NUMBER OF VISITS: TOTAL PERSONS IN HOUSEHOLD: TOTAL ELIGIBLE WOMEN: TOTAL ELIGIBLE MEN: LINE NUMBER OF RESPONDENT TO HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULE: INTERVIEWERIDHH (HV018) reports the interviewer identification code for the interviewer conducting the household survey. Codes are country- and sample-specific; a given numeric code in one survey refers to a different person than the same numeric code in another survey. Numbering of interviewer codes is not necessarily consecutive; some surveys use "0" as an identification code, for example, while others begin with a 3-digit number. Using the interviewer identification codes, researchers can evaluate whether the quality of responses (e.g., the number of "missing" cases) depended on the person conducting the interview. General technical Variables -- TOPICS Urban-rural status IDENTIFICATION DIVISION: DISTRICT: THANA: UNION OR WARD: VILLAGE OR MOHALLA OR BLOCK: CLUSTER NUMBER: HOUSEHOLD NUMBER: DHAKA/CHITTAGONG OR SMALL CITY OR TOWN OR VILLAGE? DHAKA OR CHITTAGONG 1 SMALL CITY 2 TOWN 3 VILLAGE 4 NAME OF HOUSEHOLD HEAD: NAME AND LINE NUMBER OF ELIGIBLE WOMAN: URBAN (V025) indicates whether the person's de facto residence was in an urban or rural location. The definition of urban varies across countries. See Comparability. 2 Rural 1 Urban Geography, general Variables -- TOPICS De facto place of residence DEFACTORES (V026) reports the type of place--city, town, or countryside--where the person was interviewed. 10 City 11 Capital or other large city 12 Other city 20 Town or countryside 21 Town 22 Countryside Geography, general Variables -- TOPICS Years lived in place of residence 103. How long have you been living continuously in (NAME OF CURRENT PLACE OF RESIDENCE)? NUMBER OF YEARS ___ ALWAYS 95 (GO TO 105) VISITOR 96 (GO TO 105) RESIDEINTYR (V104) reports the number of years the woman had been living continuously in the village, town, or city where she was interviewed. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 95 Always 96 Visitor 97 Inconsistent 98 Missing Migration Variables -- TOPICS Type of place of previous residence 104. Just before you moved here, did you live in a city, a town, or in the countryside? CITY 1 TOWN 2 COUNTRYSIDE 3 PREVRESTYP (V105) reports the type of place--city, town, countryside, or a site abroad--where the person lived just before moving to the current place of residence. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Missing 30 Other or abroad 20 Town or countryside 12 Other city 11 Capital or other large city 10 City 31 Abroad 21 Town 22 Countryside 32 Separated camp 33 Tribal area 34 Informal settlement 39 Other, unspecified Migration Variables -- TOPICS Childhood place of residence 102. First I would like to ask some questions about you and your household. For most of the time until you were 12 years old, did you live in a city, in a town, or in the countryside? CITY 1 TOWN 2 COUNTRYSIDE 3 KIDRESTYP (V103) reports the type of place--city, town, countryside, or somewhere abroad--where the woman lived for most of her childhood (usually defined as prior to age 12). Due to country- and survey-level variation in data collection, IPUMS-DHS uses composite coding to maximize comparability across samples for this variable. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Missing 30 Other 20 Town or countryside 13 Other city or town 12 Other city 11 Capital or large city 10 City 31 Abroad 21 Town 22 Countryside Migration Variables -- TOPICS Bangladesh regions, 1994-2014 [integrated; GIS] IDENTIFICATION DIVISION: DISTRICT: THANA: UNION OR WARD: VILLAGE OR MOHALLA OR BLOCK: CLUSTER NUMBER: HOUSEHOLD NUMBER: REGION: DHAKA/CHITTAGONG OR SMALL CITY OR TOWN OR VILLAGE? DHAKA OR CHITTAGONG 1 SMALL CITY 2 TOWN 3 VILLAGE 4 GEO_BD1994_2014 indicates the region of Bangladesh where the respondent was interviewed. The variable is integrated to yield units with consistent boundaries across samples. Labels identify the modern geographic units (divisions) contained in each integrated region. Each sample also has its own non-integrated geography variable. An integrated GIS map (in shapefile format) for Bangladesh can be downloaded here [URL omitted from DDI.]. 8 Missing 1 Barisal 2 Chittagong and Sylhet 3 Dhaka 4 Khulna 5 Rajshahi and Rangpur Integrated geography Variables -- TOPICS Bangladesh regions, 2000 [GIS] IDENTIFICATION DIVISION: DISTRICT: THANA: UNION OR WARD: VILLAGE OR MOHALLA OR BLOCK: CLUSTER NUMBER: HOUSEHOLD NUMBER: REGION: DHAKA/CHITTAGONG OR SMALL CITY OR TOWN OR VILLAGE? DHAKA OR CHITTAGONG 1 SMALL CITY 2 TOWN 3 VILLAGE 4 GEO_BD2000 (V101_BD2000) indicates the region of Bangladesh where the respondent was interviewed. DHS regions in the 2000 Bangladesh survey are equivalent to divisions. Other sample years have their own sample-specific geography variables. There is also an integrated variable, GEO_BD1994_2014, that provides spatially consistent units over time. A GIS map for GEO_BD2000 (in shapefile format) can be downloaded from the DHS Program Spatial Data Repository [URL omitted from DDI.] Boundaries page. 6 Sylhet 5 Rajshahi 4 Khulna 3 Dhaka 2 Chittagong 1 Barisal Single sample geography Variables -- TOPICS DHS-IPUMS-I Bangladesh regions, 1991-2014 IDENTIFICATION DIVISION: DISTRICT: THANA: UNION OR WARD: VILLAGE OR MOHALLA OR BLOCK: CLUSTER NUMBER: HOUSEHOLD NUMBER: REGION: DHAKA/CHITTAGONG OR SMALL CITY OR TOWN OR VILLAGE? DHAKA OR CHITTAGONG 1 SMALL CITY 2 TOWN 3 VILLAGE 4 DHS_IPUMSI_BD provides geographic codes for Bangladesh that match those in the DHS and IPUMS-International [URL omitted from DDI.] databases. This variable can be used to link contextual area data from IPUMS-DHS to IPUMS-International or vice versa. The codes in DHS_IPUMSI_BD indicate the major administrative unit in which the household was enumerated or surveyed. GIS shapefiles for Bangladesh can be downloaded here [URL omitted from DDI.]. 1 Barisal 2 Chittagong and Sylhet 3 Dhaka 4 Khulna 5 Rajshahi and Rangpur IPUMS International geography Variables -- TOPICS Age 106. How old are you at your last birthday? COMPARE AND CORRECT 105 AND/OR 106 IF INCONSISTENT. AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS ___ AGE (V012) reports the woman's age. DHS surveys collect information about the woman's age through questions about age at last birthday and date of birth. DHS Recode Manuals provide the following information about how the AGE variable is calculated: Current age in completed years is calculated from the century month code of the date of birth of the respondent (V011) and the century month code of the date of interview (V008). In a few cases the age in the data file will be different from that reported by the respondent when the respondent's birthday was in the month of interview, but she had not yet had her birthday. If the respondent correctly reported her age at her last birthday (and not her age at her next birthday) then the calculated age was rounded up from the reported age, to avoid inconsistencies between the age and the century month code for the birth. 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Age in 5 year groups AGE5YEAR (V013) reports the woman's age in 5-year groups, based on data from the AGE (V012) variable. The age range of women interviewed varies across samples. See Comparability. 10 10 to 14 11 10 to 14 12 12 to 14 13 13 to 14 20 15-19 30 20-24 40 25-29 50 30-34 60 35-39 70 40-44 80 45-49 90 50+ 91 50-54 92 55-59 93 60-64 Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Woman's month of birth 105. In what month and year were you born? MONTH ___ DON'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ___ DON'T KNOW YEAR 9998 BIRTHMO (V009) reports the woman's month of birth. 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Woman's year of birth 105. In what month and year were you born? MONTH ___ DON'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ___ DON'T KNOW YEAR 9998 BIRTHYEAR (V010) reports the woman's year of birth. 1995 1995 1994 1994 1993 1993 1992 1992 1991 1991 1990 1990 1989 1989 1988 1988 1987 1987 1986 1986 1985 1985 1984 1984 1983 1983 1982 1982 1981 1981 1980 1980 1979 1979 1978 1978 1977 1977 1976 1976 1975 1975 1974 1974 1973 1973 1972 1972 1971 1971 1970 1970 1969 1969 1968 1968 1967 1967 1966 1966 1965 1965 1964 1964 1963 1963 1962 1962 1961 1961 1960 1960 1959 1959 1958 1958 1957 1957 1956 1956 1955 1955 1954 1954 1953 1953 1952 1952 1951 1951 1950 1950 1949 1949 1948 1948 1947 1947 1946 1946 1945 1945 1944 1944 1943 1943 1942 1942 1941 1941 1940 1940 1939 1939 1938 1938 1937 1937 1936 1936 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Respondent's date of birth, in century months 105. In what month and year were you born? MONTH ___ DON'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ___ DON'T KNOW YEAR 9998 DOBCMC (V011) reports the century month code (CMC) for the woman's date of birth. Century month codes (CMC) are particularly useful for checking the consistency of dates, calculating intervals between events, and imputing dates when the information for an event is missing or partially complete. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006) [URL omitted from DDI.]. DOBCMC (V011) is a 4-digit variable. Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Information given on respondent's date of birth DOBINFORESP (V014) reports the completeness of information about the respondent's age and date of birth. A code of 0 indicates the month and the year were reported, and no data were imputed. 1 Month and year 2 Month and age, year imputed 3 Year and age, month imputed 4 Year and age, year ignored 5 Year only, age and month imputed 6 Age only, year and month imputed 7 Month only, age and year imputed 8 Season and year 9 None reported, all imputed Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Usual resident or visitor 5. RESIDENCE: Does (NAME) usually live her? YES 1 NO 2 RESIDENT (V135) indicates whether the woman was a usual resident of the household or was just visiting there. As defined by the RESIDENT variable, a visitor could potentially reside in the city, town, or village where the interview took place but would have answered "No" to the question, "Does (NAME) usually live here [in this dwelling unit]?" on the household questionnaire. 1 Usual resident 2 Visitor 8 Missing Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Respondent's relationship to HH head 3. RELATIONSHIP TO HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD: What is the relationship of (NAME) to the head of the household? 01 HEAD 02 WIFE OR HUSBAND 03 SON OR DAUGHTER 04 SON-IN-LAW OR DAUGHTER-IN-LAW 05 GRANDCHILD 06 PARENT 07 PARENT-IN-LAW 09 BROTHER OR SISTER 10 OTHER RELATIVE 11 ADOPTED OR FOSTER OR STEPCHILD 12 NOT RELATED 98 DON'T KNOW RELATE (V150) reports the woman's relationship to the head of the household, based on a question in the household questionnaire. 01 Head 02 Wife 03 Daughter or son 04 Daughter- or son-in-law 05 Grandchild 06 Mother or father 07 Parent-in-law 08 Sister or brother 09 Co-spouse 10 Adopted/foster/step child 11 Adopted/foster child 12 Stepchild 20 Other relative 21 Niece or nephew by blood 22 Niece or nephew by marriage 23 Niece or nephew unspecified 24 Sibling-in-law 25 Aunt or uncle 26 Grandparent 30 Nonrelative 31 Domestic servant/employee 32 Herdboy 97 Don't know 98 Missing Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Currently pregnant 226. Are you pregnant now? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 229) UNSURE 8 (GO TO 229) PREGNANT (V213) indicates whether the respondent is currently pregnant. 0 No/unsure 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Duration of current pregnancy 227. How many months pregnant are you? RECORD NUMBER OF COMPLETED MONTHS. ENTER 'P'S IN COLUMN 1 OF CALENDAR, BEGINNING WITH THE MONTH OF INTERVIEW AND FOR THE TOTAL NUMBER OF COMPLETED MONTHS. MONTHS ___ For currently pregnant women, DURCURPREG (V214) reports the imputed duration of the woman's current pregnancy. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Association member: Grameen Bank (Bangladesh) 118. Do you belong to any of the following organizations? Grameen Bank? YES 1 NO 2 BRAC? YES 1 NO 2 BRDB? YES 1 NO 2 Mother's club? YES 1 NO 2 Any other organization (such as micro credit)? YES (SPECIFY) 1 NO 2 ASSOCBD1 indicates whether the respondent is a member of Grameen Bank, a microfinance organization and community development bank. This variable is country-specific to Bangladesh. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Association member: BRAC (Bangladesh) 118. Do you belong to any of the following organizations? Grameen Bank? YES 1 NO 2 BRAC? YES 1 NO 2 BRDB? YES 1 NO 2 Mother's club? YES 1 NO 2 Any other organization (such as micro credit)? YES (SPECIFY) 1 NO 2 ASSOCBD2 indicates whether the respondent is a member of BRAC (Building Resources Across Communities), an international development organization. This variable is country-specific to Bangladesh. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Association member: BRDB (Bangladesh) 118. Do you belong to any of the following organizations? Grameen Bank? YES 1 NO 2 BRAC? YES 1 NO 2 BRDB? YES 1 NO 2 Mother's club? YES 1 NO 2 Any other organization (such as micro credit)? YES (SPECIFY) 1 NO 2 ASSOCBD3 indicates whether the respondent is a member of BRDB (Bangladesh Rural Development Board), the government board responsible for rural development. From 1972 to 1982, BRDB was known as BRDP (Bangladesh Rural Development Programme). This variable is country-specific to Bangladesh. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Association member: Mother's club (Bangladesh) 118. Do you belong to any of the following organizations? Grameen Bank? YES 1 NO 2 BRAC? YES 1 NO 2 BRDB? YES 1 NO 2 Mother's club? YES 1 NO 2 Any other organization (such as micro credit)? YES (SPECIFY) 1 NO 2 ASSOCBD4 indicates whether the respondent is a member of a mother's club. This variable is country-specific to Bangladesh. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Association member: Other 118. Do you belong to any of the following organizations? Grameen Bank? YES 1 NO 2 BRAC? YES 1 NO 2 BRDB? YES 1 NO 2 Mother's club? YES 1 NO 2 Any other organization (such as micro credit)? YES (SPECIFY) 1 NO 2 ASSOCOTH indicates whether the respondent is a member of some other organization. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific categories included in a particular sample. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 7 Don't know Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Religion 115. What is your religion? ISLAM 1 HINDUISM 2 BUDDHISM 3 CHRISTIANITY 4 OTHER (SPECIFY) 6 RELIGION (V130) reports the respondent's religion. While the categories and codes for the religion variable in the original DHS files are country-specific, IPUMS-DHS uses a 4-digit composite coding system to fit these diverse categories into a single variable without losing information. Â See Comparability. 0000 NO RELIGION 1000 MUSLIM 2000 CHRISTIAN 2100 Catholic 2200 Orthodox 2300 Protestant 2310 Lutheran 2320 Anglican 2330 Presbyterian 2340 Baptist/Seventh-day Adventist 2341 Baptist 2342 Seventh-day Adventist 2350 Apostolic 2360 Salvation Army 2370 Methodist 2380 Pentacostal-based 2381 Pentacostal 2382 Celestial Church of Christ 2383 Universal 2384 Assemblies of God 2390 Other Protestant 2391 Evangelical 2392 Lesotho Evangelical Church 2393 Kimbanguist (Congo, Democratic Republic) 2400 Nontrinitarian 2410 Jehovah's Witness 2900 Other Christian, country-specific 2901 African Zionist (Mozambique) 2902 Mammon (Uganda) 3000 BUDDHIST/NEO-BUDDHIST 3100 Buddhist 4000 HINDU 5000 JEWISH 6000 TRADITIONAL/SPIRITUAL/ANIMIST 6100 Traditional 6200 Spiritual 6300 Animist 6400 Specified Traditional 6401 Donyi-Polo 6402 Sanamahi 6403 Vodun 7000 OTHER (SPECIFIED) 7100 Baha'i 7200 Sikh 7300 Zoroastrian 7400 Jain 7900 Country-specific other 7901 Sect (Burundi) 7902 Bundu dia Kongo (Congo, Democratic Republic) 7903 Vuvamu (Congo, Democratic Republic) 7904 Kirat Mundhum (Nepal) 9000 OTHER 9001 Religion 1 9002 Religion 2 9003 Religion 3 9004 Religion 4 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Ethnicity and religion Variables -- TOPICS Woman's current marital or union status 106A. Are you now married, widowed, or divorced? CURRENTLY MARRIED 1 SEPARATED 2 DESERTED 3 DIVORCED 4 WIDOWED 5 NEVER MARRIED 6 (GO TO END) MARSTAT (V501) reports the woman's current marital status. Response categories and question wording vary across surveys. See Comparability. 10 Never married 20 Married or living together 21 Married 22 Living together 30 Formerly in union 31 Widowed 32 Divorced 33 Separated/not living together 98 Missing 11 Unconsummated marriage 34 Deserted Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Woman never, currently, or formerly married 106A. Are you now married, widowed, or divorced? CURRENTLY MARRIED 1 SEPARATED 2 DESERTED 3 DIVORCED 4 WIDOWED 5 NEVER MARRIED 6 (GO TO END) CURRMARR (V502) reports the woman's marital/union status as "Never married," "Currently married," or "Formerly married." "Never married" includes women who have never lived with a partner. "Currently married" includes women who are married and those who are not formally married but are living with a partner. "Formerly married" includes women who are widowed, divorced, or separated, or who have formerly lived with a partner. For samples restricted to ever-married women, only women who are formally married (not cohabiting) are included as "married." 0 Never married 1 Currently married 2 Formerly married 8 Missing Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Woman had one or more than one union 507. Have you been married or lived with a man only once, or more than once? ONCE 1 MORE THAN ONCE 2 For women who had ever been married or lived with a man, UNION1MORE (V503) indicates whether the respondent had been in one or more than one marriage/union. 0 One 1 More than one 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Age at first marriage or cohabitation 509. How old were you when you started living with him? AGE ___ AGEFRSTMAR (V511) reports the woman's age at the start of her first marriage or union. This usually refers to when the woman first started to live with her first husband or partner. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, "Age at start of first marriage or union is calculated from the century month code of the date of start of first marriage or union and the century month code of the date of birth of the respondent." 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 96 Marriage not consummated 97 Inconsistent 98 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Age of husband/partner 802. How old was your husband or partner on his last birthday? AGE ___ HUSAGE (V730) reports the age of the woman's husband or co-resident partner. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Missing 97 Don't know 96 Inconsistent 95 95+ 94 94 93 93 92 92 91 91 90 90 89 89 88 88 87 87 86 86 85 85 84 84 83 83 82 82 81 81 80 80 79 79 78 78 77 77 76 76 75 75 74 74 73 73 72 72 71 71 70 70 69 69 68 68 67 67 66 66 65 65 64 64 63 63 62 62 61 61 60 60 59 59 58 58 57 57 56 56 55 55 54 54 53 53 52 52 51 51 50 50 49 49 48 48 47 47 46 46 45 45 44 44 43 43 42 42 41 41 40 40 39 39 38 38 37 37 36 36 35 35 34 34 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Marital or cohabitation duration (grouped) 508. CHECK 507: MARRIED ONLY ONCE: In what month and year did you start living with your husband? MARRIED MORE THAN ONCE: Now we will talk about your first husband. In what month and year did you start living with him? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ___ (GO TO 510) DON'T KNOW YEAR 9998 DURMARGRP (V513) reports the number of years elapsed since the woman's first marriage or cohabiting union until the date of the survey interview, in five-year groups. The duration is reported irrespective of whether the respondent is still married or in a union with her first partner. 00 Never married 01 0 to 4 02 5 to 9 03 10 to 14 04 15 to 19 05 20 to 24 06 25 to 29 07 30+ 96 Marriage not consummated 98 Missing Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Month of first marriage or cohabitation 508. CHECK 507: MARRIED ONLY ONCE: In what month and year did you start living with your husband? MARRIED MORE THAN ONCE: Now we will talk about your first husband. In what month and year did you start living with him? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ___ (GO TO 510) DON'T KNOW YEAR 9998 For women who had ever been married or lived with a man, MAR1STMO (V507) reports the month of their first marriage or (for most samples) unmarried cohabitation. The year of the woman's first marriage/union is reported in MAR1STYR (V508). 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Marriage not consummated 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Year of first marriage or cohabitation 508. CHECK 507: MARRIED ONLY ONCE: In what month and year did you start living with your husband? MARRIED MORE THAN ONCE: Now we will talk about your first husband. In what month and year did you start living with him? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ___ (GO TO 510) DON'T KNOW YEAR 9998 For women who had ever been married or lived with a man, MAR1STYR (V508) reports the year of their first marriage or (for most samples) unmarried cohabitation. The month of the woman's first marriage/union is reported in MAR1STMO (V507). 1943 1943 1944 1944 1945 1945 1946 1946 1947 1947 1948 1948 1949 1949 1950 1950 1951 1951 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 2017 2017 2018 2018 9996 Marriage not consummated 9997 Inconsistent 9998 Don't know 9999 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Years since starting date of 1st marriage or union 508. CHECK 507: MARRIED ONLY ONCE: In what month and year did you start living with your husband? MARRIED MORE THAN ONCE: Now we will talk about your first husband. In what month and year did you start living with him? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ___ (GO TO 510) DON'T KNOW YEAR 9998 For women who had ever been married or lived with a man, YRSTO1STMAR (V512) reports the number of years from the start of the woman's first marriage/union to the date of the survey interview. The calculation is made using century month codes for both dates. For the month and year of first marriage/union, see MAR1STMO (V507) and MAR1STYR (V508) respectively. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 98 Marriage not consummated 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Date of first marriage or cohabitation (CMC) 508. CHECK 507: MARRIED ONLY ONCE: In what month and year did you start living with your husband? MARRIED MORE THAN ONCE: Now we will talk about your first husband. In what month and year did you start living with him? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ___ (GO TO 510) DON'T KNOW YEAR 9998 MAR1STCMC (V509) reports the century month code (CMC) for the date of the woman's first marriage or cohabitation. Century month codes (CMC) are particularly useful checking the consistency of dates, calculating intervals between events, and imputing dates when the information for an event is missing or partially complete. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006) [URL omitted from DDI.]. 9996 Not consummated 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information, date of first marriage/union 508. CHECK 507: MARRIED ONLY ONCE: In what month and year did you start living with your husband? MARRIED MORE THAN ONCE: Now we will talk about your first husband. In what month and year did you start living with him? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ___ (GO TO 510) DON'T KNOW YEAR 9998 MAR1STDATINFO (V510) reports the completeness of information for the date of the woman's first marriage or cohabitation. See Comparability. 01 Month and year reported 02 Month and age reported, year imputed 03 Year and age reported, month imputed 05 Year reported, age and month imputed 06 Age reported, year and month imputed 08 Month reported, age and year imputed 09 Year and age reported, year ignored 10 Season and year reported 11 All values imputed 99 NIU (not in universe) 12 All reported, inconsistent Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Months between respondent's 1st marriage and 1st birth 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ MARTO1STBORNMO (V221) reports the number of months between the woman's first marriage (i.e., formal marriage or first episode of living with a man) and her first birth. For women whose first birth occurred before their first marriage, this variable is coded as '998.' 998 First birth prior to first marriage 999 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Husband/partner lives in woman's household 505. Is your husband staying with you now or is he staying elsewhere? STAYING WITH HER 1 STAYING ELSEWHERE 2 For women who were currently married or living with a man, HUSBINHOME (V504) indicates whether the husband/partner lived with the woman or stayed elsewhere. 0 Living with woman 1 Staying elsewhere 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Total children ever born 209. CHECK 208: Just to make sure that I have this right: you have had in TOTAL ___ births during your life. Is that correct? YES (GO TO 210) NO (PROBE AND CORRECT 201-208 AS NECESSARY) CHEB (V201) reports the total number of children ever born to the respondent. The number reported in CHEB is the sum of a series of variables covering the total number of sons and daughters who are living at home, living away from home, or who have died (V202 to V207). The number of births reported in CHEB will match the number of entries in the birth history (V224) for up to 20 births. If the woman reported more than 20 births, then the number for CHEB will exceed the number of births in the birth history, but such cases are rare. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 98 Missing 99 NIU (Not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of entries in the birth history TOTBIRTHIST (V224) reports the number of entries in the woman respondent's birth history. For up to 20 births, the birth history contains information for each of the respondent's births. In those rare cases when the respondent had more than 20 births, the birth history lists the last 19 births and the first birth. In cases where the women had fewer than 20 births, the number reported in TOTBIRTHIST will match the number reported in CHEB (V201), the total number of children ever born to the respondent. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of own sons living at home 203. How many sons live with you? And how many daughters live with you? IF NONE, RECORD "00". SONS AT HOME ___ DAUGHTERS AT HOME ___ SONSATHOME (V202) reports the number of sons to whom the woman has given birth who are currently living with her. The related variable SONSAWAYHOME (V204) reports the number of sons to whom the woman has given birth and are still alive, but who are not currently living with her. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of own daughters living at home 203. How many sons live with you? And how many daughters live with you? IF NONE, RECORD "00". SONS AT HOME ___ DAUGHTERS AT HOME ___ DAUSATHOME (V203) reports the number of daughters to whom the woman has given birth who are currently living with her. The related variable DAUSAWAYHOME (V205) reports the number of daughters to whom the woman has given birth and are still alive, but who are not currently living with her. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of own sons living away from home 205. How many sons are alive but do not live with you? And how many daughters are alive but do not live with you? SONS ELSEWHERE ___ DAUGHTERS ELSEWHERE ___ SONSAWAYHOME (V204) reports the number of sons to whom the woman has given birth who are still alive, but who are not currently living with her. The related variable SONSATHOME (V202) reports the number of sons to whom the woman has given birth who are still alive, and who are currently living with her. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of own daughters living away from home 205. How many sons are alive but do not live with you? And how many daughters are alive but do not live with you? SONS ELSEWHERE ___ DAUGHTERS ELSEWHERE ___ DAUSAWAYHOME (V205) reports the number of daughters to whom the woman has given birth who are still alive, but who are not currently living with her. The related variable DAUSATHOME (V203) reports the number of daughters to whom the woman has given birth who are still alive, and who are currently living with her. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of own sons who have died 207. In all, how many boys have died? And how many girls have died? IF NONE, RECORD "00". BOYS DEAD ___ GIRLS DEAD ___ SONSDIED (V206) reports the number of sons to whom the woman has given birth who have died. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of own daughters who have died 207. In all, how many boys have died? And how many girls have died? IF NONE, RECORD "00". BOYS DEAD ___ GIRLS DEAD ___ DAUSDIED (V207) reports the number of daughters to whom the woman has given birth who have died. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of births in last 5 years 225. FOR EACH BIRTH SINCE APRIL 1994 OR BAISHAK 1401, ENTER 'B' IN THE MONTH OF BIRTH IN COLUMN 1 OF THE CALENDAR. FOR EACH BIRTH, ASK THE NUMBER OF MONTHS THE PREGNANCY LASTED AND RECORD 'P' IN EACH OF THE PRECEDING MONTHS ACCORDING TO THE DURATION OF PREGNANCY. (NOTE: THE NUMBER 'P'S MUST BE ONE LESS THAN THE NUMBER OF MONTHS THAT THE PREGNANCY LASTED). WRITE THE NAME OF THE CHILD TO THE LEFT OF THE 'B' CODE. BIRTHSIN5YRS (V208) reports the number of births the woman had in the five years prior to the survey. This statistic is calculated based on the total number of births in the 0 to 59 months prior to the month of the interview. 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 8 7 7 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of births in the past year 225. FOR EACH BIRTH SINCE APRIL 1994 OR BAISHAK 1401, ENTER 'B' IN THE MONTH OF BIRTH IN COLUMN 1 OF THE CALENDAR. FOR EACH BIRTH, ASK THE NUMBER OF MONTHS THE PREGNANCY LASTED AND RECORD 'P' IN EACH OF THE PRECEDING MONTHS ACCORDING TO THE DURATION OF PREGNANCY. (NOTE: THE NUMBER 'P'S MUST BE ONE LESS THAN THE NUMBER OF MONTHS THAT THE PREGNANCY LASTED). WRITE THE NAME OF THE CHILD TO THE LEFT OF THE 'B' CODE. BIRTHSIN1YR (V209) reports the number of births the woman had in the year prior to the survey. This statistic is calculated based on the total number of births in the months 0 to 12 (not 0 to 11) prior to the month of the interview. For example, if the survey were given in January, BIRTHSIN1YR would report the number of births the woman had between the time of the survey and the previous January. 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Total number of births in month of interview 225. FOR EACH BIRTH SINCE APRIL 1994 OR BAISHAK 1401, ENTER 'B' IN THE MONTH OF BIRTH IN COLUMN 1 OF THE CALENDAR. FOR EACH BIRTH, ASK THE NUMBER OF MONTHS THE PREGNANCY LASTED AND RECORD 'P' IN EACH OF THE PRECEDING MONTHS ACCORDING TO THE DURATION OF PREGNANCY. (NOTE: THE NUMBER 'P'S MUST BE ONE LESS THAN THE NUMBER OF MONTHS THAT THE PREGNANCY LASTED). WRITE THE NAME OF THE CHILD TO THE LEFT OF THE 'B' CODE. BIRTHSIN1MO (V210) reports the total number of births the woman had in the month of interview. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Date of respondent's first birth, in century months 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DOB1STKIDCMC (V211) reports the century month code (CMC) for the date of the woman's first birth. The Guide to DHS Statistics (2003) explains the use and calculation of CMC values as follows: Century month codes (CMC) are particularly important to check consistency of dates, to calculate intervals between events, and to impute dates when the information for an event is missing or partially complete. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. That year was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 will be: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed since January 1900 to June 2002. Based on CMC it is possible to calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Time since woman's last menstrual period 236. When did your last menstrual period start? DATE IF GIVEN ___ DAYS AGO 1 ___ WEEKS AGO 2 ___ MONTHS AGO 3 ___ YEARS AGO 4 ___ IN MENOPAUSE OR HAS HAD HYSTERECTOMY 994 BEFORE LAST BIRTH 995 NEVER MENSTRUATED 996 TIMEMENSTRUATE (V215) reports the time passed since the woman's last menstrual period, in days, weeks, months, or years. 100 Day of Interview 101 Days: 1 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 131 31 days 132 32 days 133 33 days 134 34 days 135 35 days 136 36 days 137 37 days 138 38 days 139 39 days 140 40 days 141 41 days 142 42 days 143 43 days 144 44 days 145 45 days 146 46 days 147 47 days 148 48 days 149 49 days 150 50 days 151 51 days 152 52 days 153 53 days 154 54 days 155 55 days 156 56 days 157 57 days 158 58 days 159 59 days 160 60 days 161 61 days 162 62 days 163 63 days 164 64 days 165 65 days 166 66 days 167 67 days 168 68 days 169 69 days 170 70 days 171 71 days 172 72 days 173 73 days 174 74 days 175 75 days 176 76 days 177 77 days 178 78 days 179 79 days 180 80 days 181 81 days 182 82 days 183 83 days 184 84 days 185 85 days 186 86 days 187 87 days 188 88 days 189 89 days 190 90 days 191 91 days 192 92 days 193 93 days 194 94 days 195 95 days 196 96 days 197 97 days 198 98 days 199 Days: Number missing 200 Weeks 201 201 Weeks: 1 202 2 weeks 203 3 weeks 204 4 weeks 205 5 weeks 206 6 weeks 207 7 weeks 208 8 weeks 209 9 weeks 210 10 weeks 211 11 weeks 212 12 weeks 213 13 weeks 214 14 weeks 215 15 weeks 216 16 weeks 217 17 weeks 218 18 weeks 219 19 weeks 220 20 weeks 221 21 weeks 222 22 weeks 223 23 weeks 224 24 weeks 225 25 weeks 226 26 weeks 227 27 weeks 228 28 weeks 229 29 weeks 230 30 weeks 231 31 weeks 232 32 weeks 233 33 weeks 234 34 weeks 235 35 weeks 236 36 weeks 237 37 weeks 238 38 weeks 239 39 weeks 240 40 weeks 241 41 weeks 242 42 weeks 243 43 weeks 244 44 weeks 245 45 weeks 246 46 weeks 247 47 weeks 248 48 weeks 249 49 weeks 250 50 weeks 251 51 weeks 252 52 weeks 253 53 weeks 254 54 weeks 255 55 weeks 256 56 weeks 257 57 weeks 258 58 weeks 259 59 weeks 260 60 weeks 261 61 weeks 262 62 weeks 263 63 weeks 264 64 weeks 265 65 weeks 266 66 weeks 267 67 weeks 268 68 weeks 269 69 weeks 270 70 weeks 271 71 weeks 272 72 weeks 273 73 weeks 274 74 weeks 275 75 weeks 276 76 weeks 277 77 weeks 278 78 weeks 279 79 weeks 280 80 weeks 281 81 weeks 282 82 weeks 283 83 weeks 284 84 weeks 285 85 weeks 286 86 weeks 287 87 weeks 288 88 weeks 289 89 weeks 290 90 weeks 291 91 weeks 292 92 weeks 293 93 weeks 294 94 weeks 295 95 weeks 296 96 weeks 297 97 weeks 298 98 weeks 299 Weeks: Number missing 300 Months 301 301 Months: 1 302 2 months 303 3 months 304 4 months 305 5 months 306 6 months 307 7 months 308 8 months 309 9 months 310 10 months 311 11 months 312 12 months 313 13 months 314 14 months 315 15 months 316 16 months 317 17 months 318 18 months 319 19 months 320 20 months 321 21 months 322 22 months 323 23 months 324 24 months 325 25 months 326 26 months 327 27 months 328 28 months 329 29 months 330 30 months 331 31 months 332 32 months 333 33 months 334 34 months 335 35 months 336 36 months 337 37 months 338 38 months 339 39 months 340 40 months 341 41 months 342 42 months 343 43 months 344 44 months 345 45 months 346 46 months 347 47 months 348 48 months 349 49 months 350 50 months 351 51 months 352 52 months 353 53 months 354 54 months 355 55 months 356 56 months 357 57 months 358 58 months 359 59 months 360 60 months 361 61 months 362 62 months 363 63 months 364 64 months 365 65 months 366 66 months 367 67 months 368 68 months 369 69 months 370 70 months 371 71 months 372 72 months 373 73 months 374 74 months 375 75 months 376 76 months 377 77 months 378 78 months 379 79 months 380 80 months 381 81 months 382 82 months 383 83 months 384 84 months 385 85 months 386 86 months 387 87 months 388 88 months 389 89 months 390 90 months 391 91 months 392 92 months 393 93 months 394 94 months 395 95 months 396 96 months 397 97 months 398 98 months 399 Months: Number missing 400 Years 401 Years: 1 402 2 years 403 3 years 404 4 years 405 5 years 406 6 years 407 7 years 408 8 years 409 9 years 410 10 years 411 11 years 412 12 years 413 13 years 414 14 years 415 15 years 416 16 years 417 17 years 418 18 years 419 19 years 420 20 years 421 21 years 422 22 years 423 23 years 424 24 years 425 25 years 426 26 years 427 27 years 428 28 years 429 29 years 430 30 years 431 31 years 432 32 years 433 33 years 434 34 years 435 35 years 436 36 years 437 37 years 438 38 years 439 39 years 440 40 years 441 41 years 442 42 years 443 43 years 444 44 years 445 45 years 446 46 years 447 47 years 448 48 years 449 49+ years 499 Years: number missing 992 Currently pregnant 993 In menopause/had hysterectomy 994 Before last birth 995 Never menstruated 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Woman menstruated last 6 weeks 236. When did your last menstrual period start? DATE IF GIVEN ___ DAYS AGO 1 ___ WEEKS AGO 2 ___ MONTHS AGO 3 ___ YEARS AGO 4 ___ IN MENOPAUSE OR HAS HAD HYSTERECTOMY 994 BEFORE LAST BIRTH 995 NEVER MENSTRUATED 996 MENSTRUATE6WK (V216) indicates whether the woman menstruated in the 6 weeks prior to the interview, as calculated from TIMEMENSTRUATE (V215). 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS When in cycle thinks pregnancy is most likely OVCYCLE (V217) suggests the woman's knowledge of the ovulatory cycle by reporting when she believes a woman has the greatest chance of becoming pregnant. 1 During her period 2 After period ended 3 Middle of the cycle 4 Before period begins 5 At any time 6 Other/It depends 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Total number of living children born to respondent 203. How many sons live with you? And how many daughters live with you? IF NONE, RECORD "00". SONS AT HOME ___ DAUGHTERS AT HOME ___ CHEBALIVE (V218) reports the total number of children ever born to the respondent who are currently living. The number reported in CHEBALIVE (V218) is the sum of a series of variables reporting the total number of sons and daughters who are living at home and who are living away from home (V202 to V205 - SONSATHOME, DAUSATHOME, SONSAWAYHOME, and DAUSAWAYHOME). The related variable CHEB (V201) reports the total number of children ever born to the respondent, regardless of survival status. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Total number of living children including current pregnancy 226. Are you pregnant now? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 229) UNSURE 8 (GO TO 229) CHSURVPLUSPG (V219) reports the woman's total number of living children, including her current pregnancy. CHSURVPLUSPG takes the value of CHEBALIVE (V218) and adds 1 if the respondent is pregnant. 99 NIU (not in universe) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 19 19 18 18 Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Total number of living children, truncated at 6+ 226. Are you pregnant now? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 229) UNSURE 8 (GO TO 229) CHEBALIVETRUNC (V220) reports the woman's total number of living children (including current pregnancy), truncated at 6 or more children. This variable is a grouping of CHSURVPLUSPG (V219) truncated at 6+ children. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6+ 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Interval between last birth and interview, in months 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ For women who have ever given birth, LASTBIRTHTOINTMO (V222) reports the number of months between their last birth and the date of interview. 999 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information on date of conception, current pregnancy For pregnant women, CONCEPTDATEFLAG (V223) indicates the completeness of information relating to the date of conception of their current pregnancy. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, "This variable indicates whether the date of conception was exactly specified by the duration of the current pregnancy or the duration was imputed from other information." The related variable DURCURPREG reports the duration of the current pregnancy. 1 Month- exact date 2 Date missing, imputed 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Flag for reported time since last menstrual period 236. When did your last menstrual period start? DATE IF GIVEN ___ DAYS AGO 1 ___ WEEKS AGO 2 ___ MONTHS AGO 3 ___ YEARS AGO 4 ___ IN MENOPAUSE OR HAS HAD HYSTERECTOMY 994 BEFORE LAST BIRTH 995 NEVER MENSTRUATED 996 MENSTIMFLAG (V227) is a flag variable that indicates the type of problem, if any, found in editing responses on the time since the respondent's last menstrual period. Cases without a problem are coded 0. For time since last menstrual period, see TIMEMENSTRUATE (V215). 00 No flag 01 Number GT interval since birth 02 Number plus amenorrhea GT interval 03 Number reported, but period not returned 04 Reported before last birth, but no birth 05 Reported before last birth, but period since 06 Reported never menstruated, but period returned 07 Reported time during pregnancy 08 Reported never menstruated but had kids 09 Reported period before last birth 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Ever had pregnancy terminate via abortion, miscarriage or stillbirth 229. Have you ever had a pregnancy that miscarried, was aborted, or ended in a stillbirth or had a menstrual regulation? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 236) PREGTERMIN (V228) indicates whether the woman ever had a pregnancy that was terminated due to miscarriage, abortion, or stillbirth, and did not result in a live birth. 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Calendar month of pregnancy termination 230. When did the last such pregnancy end? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ For women who have had a pregnancy terminated through abortion, stillbirth or miscarriage, PREGTERMINMO (V229) indicates the calendar month when the last pregnancy termination occurred, according to the Gregorian calendar. 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Year of last pregnancy termination 230. When did the last such pregnancy end? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ For women who have had a pregnancy terminated through abortion, stillbirth or miscarriage, PREGTERMINYR (V230) reports the year when the last pregnancy termination occurred, according to the Gregorian calendar. 2018 2018 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 9996 Inconsistent 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) 2017 2017 Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Months pregnant when pregnancy terminated 232. How many months pregnant were you when the last such pregnancy ended? RECORD NUMBER OF COMPLETED MONTHS. ENTER 'T' IN COLUMN 1 OF CALENDAR IN THE MONTH THAT THE PREGNANCY TERMINATED AND 'P' FOR THE REMAINING NUMBER OF COMPLETED MONTHS. MONTHS ___ For women who had a pregnancy end without a live birth (through abortion, stillbirth or miscarriage) 5 years before the survey, PREGTERMTIM (V233) indicates how many months pregnant the woman was when the pregnancy ended. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9+ 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Respondent had previous pregnancy terminations (prior to last 5 years) 233. Have you ever had any other pregnancies which did not result in a live birth? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 235) For women who had a pregnancy end without a live birth (through abortion, stillbirth or miscarriage) in the 5 years before the survey, PREGTERMPREV (V234) indicates whether the woman had any other pregnancies that ended without a live birth. 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Birth history index for last child born prior to the start of the calendar PRECALBIDX (V235) provides the birth index number (see BIDX for more information) of the last child born to the woman before the start of the survey's birth calendar. For the majority of samples, PRECALBIDX reports the birth index number of the last child born prior to 5 years before the survey. For a minority of samples, the reference period is 3 or 4 years before the survey. See Sample Description [URL omitted from DDI.] information on the universes for children included in the surveys to learn the specific reference period for each survey. 0 No prior child 1 1 (or yes, prior child) 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 8+ 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Interval between last birth and interview date at least 4 calendar years For women who have ever given birth, BIRTHTOINT4YR (V236) indicates whether the interval between their last birth and the time of the interview was at least 4 years. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Other live births in interval between last birth reported and date of interview BIRTHSOTHER (V237) indicates whether the woman had any other live births in the interval between the last reported birth and the date of the interview. The question for this variable verifies whether the woman omitted any births when reporting her birth record. Omitted births should be included in the final version of the birth history in the variable CHEB (V201). 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Total births in last 3 years prior to interview BIRTHSTOT3YR (V238) indicates the total number of births the woman had in the 3 years (0 to 35 months) prior to the interview (where 0 is the month of interview). Responses are based on the woman's birth history table, which records the month and year of her children's births. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Computed time since last menstrual period 236. When did your last menstrual period start? DATE IF GIVEN ___ DAYS AGO 1 ___ WEEKS AGO 2 ___ MONTHS AGO 3 ___ YEARS AGO 4 ___ IN MENOPAUSE OR HAS HAD HYSTERECTOMY 994 BEFORE LAST BIRTH 995 NEVER MENSTRUATED 996 TIMEMENSCALC (V226) reports the computed time since the respondent's last menstrual period. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, this variable is computed from the response for V215, with durations exceeding the interval since the last birth (V227 = 7,9) recoded to the response "Before last birth" (code 995) and inconsistent responses flagged on variable 227 (codes 1-6) recoded to 997. Restated in terms of IPUMS-DHS variables and variable labels, TIMEMENSCALC is computed from the response for TIMEMENSTRUATE (Time since woman's last menstrual period). Cases with durations exceeding the interval since the last birth, when MENSTIMFLAG (Flag for reported time since last menstrual period) has values for "Reported time during pregnancy" or "Reported period before last birth," are recoded as "Before last birth" in TIMEMENSCALC. Cases with inconsistent or implausible responses according to MENSTIMFLAG (for example, the woman reportedly never menstruated but she has given birth) are recoded to "Inconsistent" for TIMEMENSCALC. 000 No time difference 991 In menopause/had hysterectomy 992 Pregnant, not asked 993 In menopause 994 Before last birth 995 Never menstruated 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Age of respondent at time of first birth 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ AGEAT1STBIRTH (V212) reports the age of the woman at the time of her first birth. This variable is calculated by using the century month code (CMC) of the date of the woman's first birth (DOB1STKIDCMC) and the CMC of the woman's date of birth (DOBCMC). 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 99 NIU (not in universe) 02 2 05 5 03 3 04 4 Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Century month date of last pregnancy termination 230. When did the last such pregnancy end? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ PREGTERMCMC (V231) reports the century month code of the respondent's last pregnancy termination, according to the Gregorian calendar. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, "The CMC date of termination is calculated from the preceding questions [on month and year of last pregnancy termination], or from the calendar, if possible, in cases where an exact date was not given for the date of last pregnancy termination." For detailed discussion of the calculation and interpretation of century month codes, see DOBCMC (Respondent's date of birth, in century months). 9996 Inconsistent 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Date flag for last terminated pregnancy PREGTERMFLAG (V232) is a flag variable that indicates the type of information available on the date of the respondent's last terminated pregnancy. Survey forms supplied room to collect the month and year of the last terminated pregnancy, and cases for which both month and year are available are coded 1. 1 Month and year 2 From calendar 3 Year 4 Month 5 None 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Type of pregnancy termination PREGTERMTYP reports how the respondent's most recent pregnancy termination ended: as a stillbirth, miscarriage, abortion, or, in some samples, via "menstrual regulation" (see Comparability). 10 Stillbirth 20 Miscarriage 30 Abortion 40 Other 41 Menstrual regulation 98 MIssing 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Total number of household members INTERVIEWER VISITS FIRST VISIT (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD VISITS) DATE INTERVIEWER'S NAME RESULT* 1 COMPLETED 2 NO HOUSEHOLD MEMBER AT HOME OR NO COMPETENT RESPONDENT AT HOME AT TIME OF VISIT 3 ENTIRE HOUSEHOLD ABSENT FOR EXTENDED PERIOD OF TIME 4 POSTPONED 5 REFUSED 6 DWELLING VACANT OR ADDRESS NOT A DWELLING 7 DWELLING DESTROYED 8 DWELLING NOT FOUND 9 OTHER (SPECIFY) NEXT VISIT DATE TIME FINAL VISIT DAY MONTH YEAR INTERVIEWER'S CODE RESULT* TOTAL NUMBER OF VISITS: TOTAL PERSONS IN HOUSEHOLD: TOTAL ELIGIBLE WOMEN: TOTAL ELIGIBLE MEN: LINE NUMBER OF RESPONDENT TO HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULE: HHMEMTOTAL (V136) reports the total number of members of the woman's household. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, HHMEMTOTAL is calculated by summing "the number of usual residents and the number of visitors who slept in the house the previous night that were listed in the household schedule." "Usual residents" of the household are identified by the RESIDENT variable. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Number of children under 5 in household HHKIDLT5 (V137) reports the number of children age 5 and under who reside in the household. Visiting children are not included in the count. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Number of eligible women in household INTERVIEWER VISITS FIRST VISIT (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD VISITS) DATE INTERVIEWER'S NAME RESULT* 1 COMPLETED 2 NO HOUSEHOLD MEMBER AT HOME OR NO COMPETENT RESPONDENT AT HOME AT TIME OF VISIT 3 ENTIRE HOUSEHOLD ABSENT FOR EXTENDED PERIOD OF TIME 4 POSTPONED 5 REFUSED 6 DWELLING VACANT OR ADDRESS NOT A DWELLING 7 DWELLING DESTROYED 8 DWELLING NOT FOUND 9 OTHER (SPECIFY) NEXT VISIT DATE TIME FINAL VISIT DAY MONTH YEAR INTERVIEWER'S CODE RESULT* TOTAL NUMBER OF VISITS: TOTAL PERSONS IN HOUSEHOLD: TOTAL ELIGIBLE WOMEN: TOTAL ELIGIBLE MEN: LINE NUMBER OF RESPONDENT TO HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULE: HHELIGWOMEN (V138) reports the number of eligible women in the household, usually defined as women of childbearing age who slept in the household the previous night (regardless of whether they were usual residents or visitors). The age and marital status guidelines for defining eligible women varies across samples. See Comparability. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 36 36 36 99 No women age 15-49 Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Age of household head HHEADAGE (V152) reports the age of the head of the household. 98 Missing 97 97+ 96 96 95 95 94 94 93 93 92 92 91 91 90 90 89 89 88 88 87 87 86 86 85 85 84 84 83 83 82 82 81 81 80 80 79 79 78 78 77 77 76 76 75 75 74 74 73 73 72 72 71 71 70 70 69 69 68 68 67 67 66 66 65 65 64 64 63 63 62 62 61 61 60 60 59 59 58 58 57 57 56 56 55 55 54 54 53 53 52 52 51 51 50 50 49 49 48 48 47 47 46 46 45 45 44 44 43 43 42 42 41 41 40 40 39 39 38 38 37 37 36 36 35 35 34 34 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Age of household head (from HH record) HHEADAGEHH (HV220) reports the age of the head of the household. The information in HHEADAGEHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 98 Missing 96 Non-resident 95 95+ 94 94 93 93 92 92 91 91 90 90 89 89 88 88 87 87 86 86 85 85 84 84 83 83 82 82 81 81 80 80 79 79 78 78 77 77 76 76 75 75 74 74 73 73 72 72 71 71 70 70 69 69 68 68 67 67 66 66 65 65 64 64 63 63 62 62 61 61 60 60 59 59 58 58 57 57 56 56 55 55 54 54 53 53 52 52 51 51 50 50 49 49 48 48 47 47 46 46 45 45 44 44 43 43 42 42 41 41 40 40 39 39 38 38 37 37 36 36 35 35 34 34 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 99 NIU (not in universe) 01 1 97 Don't know Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Sex of household head HHEADSEX (V151) reports the sex of the head of the household. 8 Missing 2 Female 1 Male Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Sex of household head (from hh record) HHEADSEXHH (HV219) reports the sex of the head of the household. The information in HHEADSEXHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 1 Male 2 Female 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Relationship structure in HH 3. RELATIONSHIP TO HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD: What is the relationship of (NAME) to the head of the household? 01 HEAD 02 WIFE OR HUSBAND 03 SON OR DAUGHTER 04 SON-IN-LAW OR DAUGHTER-IN-LAW 05 GRANDCHILD 06 PARENT 07 PARENT-IN-LAW 09 BROTHER OR SISTER 10 OTHER RELATIVE 11 ADOPTED OR FOSTER OR STEPCHILD 12 NOT RELATED 98 DON'T KNOW FAMSTRUCTR (HV217) indicates the relationship structure (no adults, one adult, two related adults of the opposite sex, two related adults of the same sex, three or more related adults, or unrelated adults) in the household. Only usual (de jure) household members aged 15 and over are considered in determining the household's relationship structure. FAMSTRUCTR is a constructed variable, based on information about each household member's age, sex, and relationship to the householder, which was collected when completing the listing of persons in the household at the time of the survey. The information in FAMSTRUCTR is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 8 Missing 6 Non-resident 5 Unrelated adults 4 Three plus related adults 3 Two adults, same sex 2 Two adults, opp sex 1 One adult 0 No adults 9 NIU (not in universe) Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Main material of outside walls of dwelling 25. MAIN MATERIAL OF THE WALLS. RECORD OBSERVATION. NATURAL WALLS JUTE OR BAMBOO OR MUD (KATCHA) 11 RUDIMENTARY WALLS WOOD 21 FINISHED WALLS BRICK OR CEMENT 31 TIN 32 OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 WALL (HV214) reports the main material of the outside walls of the dwelling. Response categories vary widely across surveys but fall into broad groups (i.e., natural materials, rudimentary processed materials, and finished materials). See Comparability. 376 Metal, unspecified 375 Corrugated asbestos 374 Iron or zinc sheets 292 Unburnt brick with cement 127 Animal dung 126 Hay with mud 241 Trunks with mud 000 No walls 100 NATURAL 110 Cane/palm/trunks/grass/sticks 111 Cane/palm/trunks 112 Cane/trunks 113 Cane/trunks/bamboo/reeds 114 Palm branches 115 Sticks 116 Shells 120 Earth/mud/dirt/dung 121 Unbaked brick, mud, or earth 122 Earth 123 Mud 124 Mud, dung 125 Dirt 130 Thatch/mat/leaves/straw/reeds 131 Grass 132 Thatch or straw 200 RUDIMENTARY 210 Bamboo with mud 211 Bamboo/wood with mud 212 Bamboo 220 Stone with mud 230 Rough wood 231 Plywood 232 Reused wood 233 Timber 234 Wood/metal planks 240 Poles and mud 250 Tin/cardboard/paper/bags 251 Cardboard 252 Carton 260 Uncovered adobe 270 Corrugated metal 280 Canvas/tent 300 FINISHED 310 Cement/concrete 311 Semi-dur (cement and sand blocks) 320 Bricks 321 Finished/burnt bricks 322 Burnt bricks with mud 323 Burnt bricks with cement 324 Sundried bricks 330 Cement blocks 340 Wood planks/shingles 341 Wood and grass 350 Stone 351 Stone with lime/cement 360 Covered adobe 370 Other finished 371 Metal or asbestos sheets 400 OTHER 998 Missing 996 Non-resident 290 Unburnt bricks 373 T-iron/wood/brick 372 Tin 377 Prefab 291 Unburnt brick and plaster 999 NIU (not in universe) Housing Variables -- TOPICS Main material of floor 26. MAIN MATERIAL OF THE FLOOR. RECORD OBSERVATION. NATURAL FLOOR EARTH OR BAMBOO (KATCHA) 11 RUDIMENTARY FLOOR WOOD 21 FINISHED FLOOR (PUKKA) CEMENT OR CONCRETE 31 OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 FLOOR (HV213) reports the main material of the floor of the dwelling. Response categories vary widely across surveys but fall into broad groups (i.e., natural materials, rudimentary processed materials, and finished materials). See Comparability. 116 Mud and hay 999 NIU (not in universe) 391 Plaster 996 Non-resident 100 NATURAL 110 Earth-based 111 Earth, sand 112 Earth, mud 113 Earth, mud, clay 114 Sand 115 Dirt/Earth 120 Dung-based 121 Dung 122 Earth and dung 123 Mud, dung, sand 200 RUDIMENTARY 210 Wood 211 Wood planks 212 Wood and tile 213 Wood/palm/bamboo 220 Palm/bamboo 221 Palm/bamboo/leaves 230 Other rudimentary 231 Broken bricks 232 Adobe 233 Unfinished stone 300 FINISHED 310 Parquet/polished wood 311 Polished wood/vinyl/tiles 320 Vinyl/asphalt strips/linoleum 321 Linoleum 330 Tiles/mosaic 331 Ceramic tiles 332 Cement tiles 333 Ceramic/terrazo tiles 334 Ceramic/marble tiles 335 Tiles/brick 340 Cement/concrete 350 Carpet 360 Terrazzo 370 Stone 380 Bricks 390 Other finished 400 OTHER 997 Don't know 998 Missing 322 Vinyl 351 Mat Housing Variables -- TOPICS Main material of roof 24. MAIN MATERIAL OF THE ROOF. RECORD OBSERVATION. NATURAL ROOF KATCHA (BAMBOO OR THATCH) 11 RUDIMENTARY ROOF TIN 21 FINISHED ROOF (PUKKA) CEMENT OR CONCRETE OR TILED 31 OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 ROOF (HV215) reports the main material of the roof of the dwelling. Response categories vary widely across surveys but fall into broad groups (i.e., natural materials, rudimentary processed materials, and finished materials). See Comparability. 126 Mud and hay 118 Sticks/sticks with mud or dung 333 Reinforced brick cement 996 Non-resident 000 No roof 100 NATURAL 110 Thatch/palm leaf/grass/makuti 111 Thatch/palm leaf 112 Grass, thatch 113 Grass, thatch, makuti 114 Thatch 115 Thatch/mat/leaves 116 Leaves 117 Grass/leaves/mud 120 Earth 121 Mud 122 Dung, mud 123 Earth, mud 124 Sod 125 Sod/mud and grass mixture 130 Straw 200 RUDIMENTARY 210 Rustic mat 211 Rustic mat, plastic sheets 220 Plastic/polythene sheet 230 Palm/bamboo 231 Palm, bamboo, grass 232 Reed, bamboo 240 Wood planks 241 Wooden tiles, planks 242 Wood, mulch 250 Cardboard 260 Rudimentary - metal 261 Tin cans 262 Iron sheets 270 Other rudimentary 271 Mobile roofs of nomads 272 Skin 300 FINISHED 310 Metal 311 Metal, zinc 312 Corrugated metal sheet, asbestos 313 Corrugated iron 314 Tin 315 Asbetos 320 Wood 330 Cement/concrete 331 Cement 332 Concrete 340 Tiles 341 Ceramic tiles 342 Iron and tiles 343 Tiles/slate 344 Mud tiles 345 Ceramic tiles, harvey (steel) tiles 350 Cement fiber 351 Calamine/cement fiber 352 Asbestos, cement fiber 353 Zinc/cement fiber 360 Roofing shingles 370 Bricks 371 Unburnt bricks 372 Burnt brick 380 Stone 381 Loosely packed stone 382 Stone slabs 383 Slate 400 OTHER 998 Missing 273 Waste materials 999 NIU (not in universe) Housing Variables -- TOPICS Has electricity 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 ELECTRC (V119) indicates whether the household has electricity. Samples vary in how that information was collected. See Comparability. 8 Missing 1 Yes 0 No 6 Non-resident Housing Variables -- TOPICS Dwelling has electricity (from hh record) 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 ELECTRCHH (HV206) indicates whether the household has electricity. Samples vary in how that information was collected. The information in ELECTRCHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Housing Variables -- TOPICS Type of toilet facility 20. What kind of toilet facility does your household have? SEPTIC TANK OR MODERN TOILET 11 PIT TOILET OR LATRINE WATER SEALED OR SLAB LATRINE 21 PIT LATRINE 22 OPEN LATRINE 23 HANGING LATRINE 24 NO FACILITY OR BUSH OR FIELD 31 (GO TO 22) OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 TOILETTYPE (HV205) reports the household's type of toilet facility, with no facility coded "0." Responses vary widely across surveys; see Comparability. The information in TOILETTYPE is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 3431 Pit latrine with ventilation pipe, no mesh 9996 Non-resident 0000 NO FACILITY 1000 FLUSH TOILET 1100 Unspecified type of flush toilet 1110 Own flush toilet (unspecified type) 1120 Shared flush toilet (unspecified type) 1200 Modern flush toilet 1210 Flush to piped sewer system 1300 Traditional with tank flush 1400 Bucket flush toilet 1410 Flush to pit latrine 1420 Flush to somewhere else 1430 Flush, don't know where 2000 NON-FLUSHING TOILET 2100 Composting toilet 2200 Dry toilet 2300 Ecosan toilet 3000 PIT TOILET LATRINE 3100 Unspecified type of pit latrine 3110 Own pit toilet or latrine (unspecified type) 3120 Shared pit toiletor latrine (unspecified type) 3121 Public pit toilet or latrine (unspecified type) 3200 Traditional pit toilet or latrine 3210 Pit latrine without slab or open pit 3300 Pit latrine with slab 3400 Ventilated improved pit latrine 3410 Covered pit latrine, no slab 3420 Covered pit latrine with slab 3430 Covered latrine 3440 Septic pit 4000 UNIMPROVED TOILET 4100 Bucket toilet 4200 River 4300 Hanging latrine over water source 5000 OTHER 9998 Missing 1112 Private flush toilet, outside residence 1211 Flush to piped sewer system, indoors 1212 Flush to piped sewer system, inside yard 1213 Flush to piped sewer system, out of yard 3310 Pit latrine with washable slab 3320 Pit latrine with non-washable slab 3490 Other improved system 3463 Latrine to piped public system, out of yard 3462 Latrine to piped public system, inside yard 3461 Latrine to piped public system, indoors 3443 Latrine to septic tank, out of yard 3442 Latrine to septic tank, inside yard 3441 Latrine to septic tank, indoors 3212 Open pit latrine, out of yard 3211 Open pit latrine, inside yard 1253 Flush to septic tank, out of yard 1252 Flush to septic tank, inside yard 1251 Flush to septic tank, indoors 1250 Flush to septic tank 1240 Flush, not to sewer 1233 Flush to ground water, out of yard 1232 Flush to ground water, inside yard 1231 Flush to ground water, indoors 3450 Latrine with manual flush 3460 Latrine to piped public system 9999 NIU (not in universe) 1230 Flush to pipe connected to ground water 1220 Flush to pipe connected to canal 1132 Public flush toilet, outside residence 1131 Public flush toilet, inside residence 1130 Public flush toilet (unspecified type) 1111 Private flush toilet, inside residence Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Major source of non-drinking water 18. What is the main source of water your household uses for dishwashing? PIPED WATER PIPED INSIDE DWELLING 11 PIPED OUTSIDE DWELLING 12 WELL WATER TUBE WELL OR DEEP TUBE WELL 21 SURFACE WELL OR OTHER WELL 22 SURFACE WATER POND OR TANK OR LAKE 31 RIVER OR STREAM 32 RAINWATER 41 OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 NDRINKWTR (HV202) reports the household's main source of water for uses other than drinking (for example, cooking and washing). Responses vary widely across surveys; see Comparability. The information in NDRINKWTR is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 9996 Non-resident 1000 PIPED WATER 1100 Piped into own dwelling/yard/plot 1110 Piped into own dwelling 1120 Piped into own yard/plot 1200 Piped outside own residence/plot 1210 Public tap/standpipe 1220 Piped into neighbor's dwelling/yard 2000 WELL WATER 2100 Unprotected/open well 2110 Open well in own dwelling/yard/plot 2111 Open well in own dwelling 2112 Open well in own yard/plot 2120 Open public well 2130 Open well in neighbor's residence 2200 Protected well 2210 Protected well in own dwelling/yard/plot 2211 Protected well in own dwelling 2212 Protected well in own yard/plot 2220 Protected public well 2230 Tube well or borehole 2231 Borehole in yard/plot 2232 Public borehole 2300 Unspecified well 2310 Unspecified well in residence/yard/plot 2311 Unspecified well in own dwelling 2312 Unspecified well in own yard/plot 2313 Handpump in yard/plot 2320 Unspecified public well 2321 Public shallow well 2322 Public traditional well 2323 Public handpump 2330 Unspecified neighbor's well 2340 Unspecified well by type 2341 Well with pump 2342 Well without pump 3000 SURFACE WATER 3100 Spring 3110 Protected spring 3120 Unprotected spring 3200 River/dam/lake/ponds/streams/canal/irrigation channel 3210 River, stream 3220 Pond, lake 3230 Dam 3240 Canal or river/canal 3250 Irrigation ditch 3260 Dugout pond 3300 Channeled by gravity flow scheme 4000 RAINWATER 4100 Rainwater collected in tank 5000 PURCHASED FROM SUPPLIER 5100 Tanker truck 5200 Cart with small tank 5300 Water vendor 5400 Bottled water 5410 Sachet water (in a bag) 6000 OTHER SOURCE 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) 5201 Motorcycle with 3 wheels Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Major source of drinking water 19. What is the main source of drinking water for members of your household? PIPED WATER PIPED INSIDE DWELLING 11 PIPED OUTSIDE DWELLING 12 WELL WATER TUBE WELL OR DEEP TUBE WELL 21 SURFACE WELL OR OTHER WELL 22 SURFACE WATER POND OR TANK OR LAKE 31 RIVER OR STREAM 32 RAINWATER 41 OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 DRINKWTR (HV201) reports the household's main source of drinking water. Responses vary widely across surveys; see Comparability. The information in DRINKWTR is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 2213 Protected well in neighbor's residence/plot 9996 Non-resident 1000 PIPED WATER 1100 Piped into own dwelling/yard/plot 1110 Piped into own dwelling 1120 Piped into own yard/plot 1200 Piped outside own residence/plot 1210 Public tap/standpipe 1220 Piped into neighbor's dwelling/yard 2000 WELL WATER 2100 Unprotected/open well 2110 Open well in own dwelling/yard/plot 2111 Open well in own dwelling 2112 Open well in own yard/plot 2120 Open public well 2130 Open well in neighbor's residence 2200 Protected well 2210 Protected well in own dwelling/yard/plot 2211 Protected well in own dwelling 2212 Protected well in own yard/plot 2220 Protected public well 2230 Tube well or borehole 2231 Borehole in yard/plot 2232 Public borehole 2300 Unspecified well 2310 Unspecified well in residence/yard/plot 2311 Unspecified well in own dwelling 2312 Unspecified well in own yard/plot 2313 Handpump in yard/plot 2320 Unspecified public well 2321 Public shallow well 2322 Public traditional well 2323 Public handpump 2330 Unspecified neighbor's well 2340 Unspecified well by type 2341 Well with pump 2342 Well without pump 3000 SURFACE WATER 3100 Spring 3110 Protected spring/surface water 3120 Unprotected spring/surface water 3200 River/dam/lake/ponds/streams/canal/irrigation channel 3210 River, stream 3220 Pond, lake 3230 Dam 3240 Canal or river/canal 3250 Irrigation ditch 3260 Dugout pond 3300 Channeled by gravity flow scheme 4000 RAINWATER 4100 Rainwater collected in tank 5000 PURCHASED FROM SUPPLIER 5100 Tanker truck 5200 Cart with small tank 5300 Water vendor 5400 Bottled water 5410 Sachet water (in a bag) 6000 OTHER SOURCE 9998 Missing 1211 Public tap from filtration plant 1212 Public tap from stone pipes 5310 Water vendor from unknown source 5320 Water vendor from protected well 5330 Water vendor from unprotected well 5340 Water vendor from pond/lake 9999 NIU (not in universe) 5500 Community reverse osmosis plant 5201 Motorcycle with 3 wheels Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS HH treats water by: Boiling 19A. Do you boil drinking water? YES 1 NO 2 TRBOIL(HV237A) indicates whether the household boiled water to make it safer to drink. The information in TRBOIL is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 12 Yes, some of the time 11 Yes, most of the time 00 No 96 Non-resident 10 Yes 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Household has telephone 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 HHPHONE (V153) indicates whether the household has a telephone. How the question was worded changed over time. See Comparability. The related variable MOBPHONE covers the household's access to a mobile phone, specifically. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing Possessions Variables -- TOPICS House has telephone (household record) 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 HHPHONEHH (HV221) indicates whether any member of the household has a telephone (based on information from the household record). The information in HHPHONEHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has bicycle 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 BIKE (V123) indicates whether any member of the household has a bicycle. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has bicycle (from HH record) 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 BIKEHH (HV210) indicates whether any member of the household has a bicycle. The information in BIKEHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has motorcycle/scooter 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 MOTORCYCL (V124) indicates whether any member of the household owns a motorcycle or scooter. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has motorcycle/scooter (from HH record) 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 MOTORCYCLHH (HV211) indicates whether any member of the household owns a motorcycle or scooter. The information in MOTORCYCLHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH owns homestead 27. Does your household own any homestead? IF 'NO', PROBE: Does your household own homestead any other places? YES 1 NO 2 HOMESTEAD indicates whether the household owns any homestead, either where members currently reside or in some other place. The term "homestead" generally refers to a house (most often a farmhouse), outbuildings, and the land on which these buildings are located. The information in HOMESTEAD is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH owns land (other than homestead) 27A. Does your household own any land (other than the homestead land)? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 29) NONHOMESTEAD indicates whether the household owns any land other than their homestead (i.e., other than the land where the family's house and outbuildings are located). The complementary variable HOMESTEAD indicates whether the household owns its homestead land. The information in NONHOMESTEAD is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has radio 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 RADIO (V120) indicates whether the household has a radio. Some samples specified that the radio must be working or fit other specifications. See Comparability. 8 Unknown 1 Yes 0 No 6 Non-resident Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has radio (from HH record) 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 RADIOHH (HV207) indicates whether any member of the household owns a radio. Some samples specified that the radio must be working or fit other specifications. See Comparability. The information in RADIOHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has television 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 TELEVISION (V121) indicates whether the household has a television. Some samples specified that the TV must be in working order. See Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has television (from HH record) 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 TVHH (HV208) indicates whether any member of the household has a television. Some samples specified that the TV must be in working order. See Comparability. The information in TVHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has sewing machine 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 SEWMACHINE indicates whether the household had a sewing machine. 6 Non-resident 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has watch or clock 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 WATCHCLOCK indicates whether the household has access to a timepiece, either a watch or a clock. The related variable CLOCKONLY indicates whether the household has a clock. See Comparability. The information in WATCHCLOCK is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 6 Non-resident 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has bed 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 BED indicates whether the household had a bed. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has table and chairs 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 TABLECHARYN indicates whether the household has a table and chairs. The information in TABLECHARYN is taken from the household record, linked to the record of the woman respondent. This information applies to household residents, not temporary visitors, so researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2"). 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has bench 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 BENCHYN indicates whether the household has a bench. The information in BENCHYN is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has wardrobe or bookcase 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 WARDBOOKYN indicates whether the household has wardrobe or bookcase. The information in WARDBOOKYN is taken from the household record, linked to the record of the woman respondent. This information applies to household residents, not temporary visitors, so researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2"). 6 Non-resident 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has vulnerable group feeding card 30. Does your family have a vulnerable group feeding (VGF) card? YES 1 NO 2 HHVGFCARD indicates whether the household has a "vulnerable group feeding (VGF) card." The vulnerable group feeding cards were meant to be distributed to very poor people by the Bangladesh government, beginning in 1975. According to the International Labor Organization's description of the program: Programme provides in-kind wheat transfer to enable destitute rural women to improve their economic and social condition. A complementary package of development services was introduced in 1988, including health and nutrition education, literacy training, savings. Possession of a VGF card is not a certain marker of destitution, since an estimated 15 percent of the grain allotted was misallocated by local committees to better-off households for resale. The information in HHVGFCARD is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing Material hardship Variables -- TOPICS HH has income from social welfare source 31. Do you have any male or female member in this household who are receiving old age pension or widow or destitute benefit? YES 1 NO 2 HHWELFAREY indicates whether any member of the household has income from some type of social welfare program or pension. The information in HHWELFAREY is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing Material hardship Variables -- TOPICS HH consumption deficit or surplus 29. In terms of household food consumption, how do you classify your household: deficit in whole year; somewhat deficit; neither deficit nor surplus; surplus. DEFICIT IN WHOLE YEAR 1 SOMETIMES DEFICIT 2 NEITHER DEFICIT NOT SURPLUS 3 SURPLUS 4 CONSUMDEFICITFQ reports whether the household's (food) consumption could be best characterized as surplus, neither surplus nor deficit, occasional deficit, or always in deficit. The information in CONSUMDEFICITFQ is taken from the household record and applies to household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors (coded "2") using: RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis; HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis; RESIDENTMN variable when men are the unit of analysis. 10 Surplus 20 Neither deficit nor surplus 30 Deficit 31 Occasional/sometimes deficit 32 Always deficit 96 Non-resident 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Food insufficiency Variables -- TOPICS Currently working 807. Now I would like to ask you some questions about your work. Aside from your own housework, are you currently working? YES 1 (GO TO 809) NO 2 CURRWORK (V714) indicates whether the woman is currently working at a job or business. To distinguish employment from household labor, many surveys included a preface such as the following: "As you know, some women take up jobs for which they are paid in cash or in kind. Others sell things, have a small business or work on the family farm or in the family business." Women who have worked outside of their own housework in the last 12 months and been paid in cash, cash and in-kind, or only in-kind payments are included as working, although the survey questions vary in who receives an affirmative response. See Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneous 12 Yes, prompted 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Woman's occupation 809. What is your occupation, that is, what kind of work do (did) you mainly do? ___ WKCURRJOB (V717) reports the occupation of the respondent in somewhat standardized categories. The categories included, and the degree of detail within broad categories (e.g., self-employed versus employee in agriculture, or simply agriculture), vary across samples. IPUMS-DHS employs composite coding to maximize comparability across samples (using the first digit of the codes to indicate broad job categories) without loss of detailed information (preserved in the second digit). The category "agriculture" includes fishermen, foresters, breeders, and hunters as well as farmers. 00 Not currently working 10 Professional, technical, or managerial worker 20 Clerical or Sales 21 Clerical worker 22 Sales worker 30 Agricultural 31 Self-employed agricultural worker 32 Agricultural employee 40 Household, domestic, and services 41 Household and domestic worker 42 Services worker 50 Skilled and unskilled manual 51 Skilled manual worker 52 Unskilled manual worker 60 Armed forces 96 Other 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Respondent works all year, seasonally, or occasionally 810. Do you usually work throughout the year, or do you work seasonally, or only once in a while? THROUGHOUT THE YEAR 1 SEASONALLY OR PART OF THE YEAR 2 ONCE IN A WHILE 3 WKEMPLOYWHEN (V732) indicates whether the woman works throughout the year, seasonally, or occasionally. 10 All year 20 Less than all year 21 Most of the year 22 Part of the year 23 Seasonally 24 Occasionally 25 Temporary 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) 29 Other Work Variables -- TOPICS Type of earnings for respondent's work 811. Are you paid in cash or kind for this work or are you not paid? CASH ONLY 1 KIND ONLY 2 CASH AND KIND 3 NOT PAID 4 WKEARNTYPE (V741) reports the type of earnings for the respondent's work. 0 Not paid 1 Paid in cash only 2 Paid in cash and in kind 3 Paid in kind only 4 Other 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Partner's occupation 806. What kind of work does (did) your (last) husband mainly do? ___ HUSJOB (V705) reports the occupation of the woman's husband/partner in somewhat standardized categories. The categories included, and the degree of detail within broad categories (e.g., self-employed versus employee in agriculture, or simply agriculture), vary across samples. IPUMS-DHS employs composite coding to maximize comparability across samples (using the first digit of the codes to indicate broader job categories) without loss of detailed information (preserved in the second digit). The category "agriculture" includes fishermen, foresters, breeders, and hunters as well as farmers. 10 Did not work 11 Not working, student or applicant 12 Unemployed 13 Student 20 Prof., Tech., Manag. 30 Clerical or Sales 31 Clerical 32 Sales 40 Agricultural, breeding, fishing, forest 41 Agriculture, self-employed 42 Agriculture, employee 50 Household, domestic, and services 51 Household and domestic 52 Services 60 Skilled and unskilled manual 61 Skilled manual 62 Unskilled manual 70 Other 71 Army 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Household wealth index in quintiles WEALTHQ (V190) refers to the relative wealth of the household where the woman lives, divided into quintiles from the poorest (code 1) to the richest (code 5). The wealth index is defined in the DHS Recode Manuals as follows: The wealth index is a composite measure of a household's cumulative living standard. The wealth index is calculated using easy-to-use data on a household's ownership of selected assets, such as televisions and bicycles; materials used for housing construction; and types of water access and sanitation facilities. Generated with a statistical procedure known as principal components analysis, the wealth index places individual households on a continuous scale of relative wealth. DHS separates all interviewed households into five quintiles of wealth. For additional information about the calculation and meaning of the wealth index, users should consult the summary information about the wealth index on The DHS Program website here [URL omitted from DDI.] and/or the DHS Comparative Report on "The DHS Wealth Index" here [URL omitted from DDI.]. The complementary variable WEALTHS reports the wealth index factor score for the woman's household in a specific sample. WEALTHQ and WEALTHS are included on the woman's record for Phase 5 forward only. IPUMS-DHS has made available these variables for Phase 2 forward, by linking the wealth index files to the woman's individual recode files. The variables used to calculate wealth index quintiles and the level of wealth implied by a specific ranking are sample-specific. See Comparability. 1 Poorest 2 Poorer 3 Middle 4 Richer 5 Richest 8 Missing Wealth index Variables -- TOPICS Wealth index factor score (5 decimals) WEALTHS (V191) refers to the household's wealth index value generated by the product of standardized scores (z-scores) and factor coefficient scores (factor loadings) of wealth indicators. Most researchers will want to use instead the complementary variable WEALTHQ (V190), which reports quintile ranking (from poorest to richest) of the woman's household, in terms of wealth score, for a given sample. For further information about the calculation and meaning of the wealth index, see the description of WEALTHQ, the summary information about the wealth index on the DHS Program website here [URL omitted from DDI.] and/or the DHS Comparative Report on "The DHS Wealth Index" here [URL omitted from DDI.]. The variables used to calculate wealth index scores are sample-specific. See Comparability. WEALTHS (V191) is a 12-digit numeric variable. Wealth index Variables -- TOPICS Reported literacy 111. Can you read and write a letter in any language easily, with difficulty, or not at all? EASILY 1 WITH DIFFICULTY 2 NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 113) LIT1 (V108) indicates whether the woman could read. This information was obtained in response to the question, "Can you read a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?" In many countries, persons with secondary or higher levels of schooling were presumed to "read easily," but coding criteria varied across countries. Simply asking women whether and how easily they could read was the approach used to determine literacy in DHS Phases 1-3. Beginning in Phase 4, a different approach was employed to determine literacy. See LIT2 (V155) for details about that second approach, which involved having the respondent read a sentence aloud. See LITBRIG for information about using the data on literacy across all phases of the DHS. 00 Cannot read 10 Reads 11 Reads with difficulty 12 Reads easily 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Literacy bridging variable 111. Can you read and write a letter in any language easily, with difficulty, or not at all? EASILY 1 WITH DIFFICULTY 2 NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 113) LITBRIG serves as a bridging variable between two approaches to collecting information on literacy. Initially, respondents were asked, "Can you read a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?" In many countries, persons with secondary or higher levels of schooling were presumed to "read easily," but coding criteria varied across countries. Beginning with Phase 4 of the DHS, persons with less than secondary school education were asked to demonstrate their literacy level by reading aloud a sentence on a card and were classified as "cannot read at all," "able to read only parts of sentence," and "able to read whole sentence." As before, those with secondary or higher schooling were presumed to have attained the highest literacy level. LITBRIG combines information from the first approach of asking about literacy (in LIT1 [V108]) and the second approach of testing literacy based on reading a sentence aloud (in LIT2 [V155]). See Comparability for more information. 10 Yes, reads 11 Reads easily/whole sentence 12 Reads with difficulty/part of sentence 20 No, cannot read 30 Not ascertained (blind or diff. language) 31 No card with required language 32 Blind or visually impaired 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Highest educational level 12. What is the highest level of school (NAME) has attended? What is the highest class (NAME) has completed at that level? LEVEL 1 PRIMARY 2 SECONDARY 3 COLLEGE OR UNIVERSITY 8 DON'T KNOW CLASS 00 LESS THAN 1 YEAR COMPLETED 98 DON'T KNOW For women who ever went to school, EDUCLVL (V106) reports the highest level of school they attended. Countries vary in the gradations of their school systems, but EDUCLVL is a standardized variable reporting level of education in four broad categories: No education, Primary, Secondary, and Higher. The DHS recode manuals state, "In some countries the educational system does not fit naturally within this scheme, and a different categorization was used for the Final Report. In this case, this variable is constructed as accurately as possible from the country's own scheme, and the variable used for the Final Report is included as a country-specific variable." 0 No education 1 Primary 2 Secondary 3 Higher 8 Missing Education Variables -- TOPICS Highest year of education in level 12. What is the highest level of school (NAME) has attended? What is the highest class (NAME) has completed at that level? LEVEL 1 PRIMARY 2 SECONDARY 3 COLLEGE OR UNIVERSITY 8 DON'T KNOW CLASS 00 LESS THAN 1 YEAR COMPLETED 98 DON'T KNOW For women who ever attended school, YRSCHL (V107) reports the number of years of education completed at the highest level of schooling achieved (primary, secondary, or higher), as reported in EDUCLVL (V106). See Comparability. For the woman's total years of education, see EDYRTOTAL (V133). 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Total years education 12. What is the highest level of school (NAME) has attended? What is the highest class (NAME) has completed at that level? LEVEL 1 PRIMARY 2 SECONDARY 3 COLLEGE OR UNIVERSITY 8 DON'T KNOW CLASS 00 LESS THAN 1 YEAR COMPLETED 98 DON'T KNOW EDYRTOTAL (V133) reports the woman's education level in single years. This variable is constructed from responses to EDUCLVL (V106) and YRSCHL (V107) as follows: If EDUCLVL = "No education," EDYRTOTAL = "0" If EDUCLVL = "Primary," EDYRTOTAL = YRSCHL If EDUCLVL = "Secondary," EDYRTOTAL = YRSCHL + x If EDUCLVL = "Higher," EDYRTOTAL = YRSCHL + y If EDUCLVL = "Missing," EDYRTOTAL = "Missing" In the above equations, "x" equals the number of years needed to complete primary education, and "y" equals the number of years needed to complete primary and secondary education. The values of "x" and "y" are country-specific. 98 Missing 97 Don't know 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 01 1 00 0 96 Inconsistent 27 27 Education Variables -- TOPICS Summary educational achievement 12. What is the highest level of school (NAME) has attended? What is the highest class (NAME) has completed at that level? LEVEL 1 PRIMARY 2 SECONDARY 3 COLLEGE OR UNIVERSITY 8 DON'T KNOW CLASS 00 LESS THAN 1 YEAR COMPLETED 98 DON'T KNOW EDACHIEVER (V149) is a summary variable that reports the woman's highest level of education in broad categories. Countries vary in the gradations of their school systems, but EDACHIEVER is a standardized variable providing the level of education in six categories: No education, Incomplete primary, Complete primary, Incomplete secondary, Complete secondary, and Higher. EDACHIEVER is constructed from information contained in EDUCLVL (V106) and YRSCHL (V107). 0 No education 1 Incomplete primary 2 Complete primary 3 Incomplete secondary 4 Complete secondary 5 Higher 8 Missing Education Variables -- TOPICS Partner's educational level 804. What was the highest level of school he attended: primary, secondary, or higher? PRIMARY 1 SECONDARY 2 HIGHER 3 DON'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 806) For women who had ever been married or lived with a man, HUSEDLVL (V701) reports the highest level of school attended by their most recent husband/partner. Countries vary in the gradations of their school systems, but HUSEDLVL is a standardized variable reporting the level of education in four categories: No education, Primary, Secondary, and Higher. The DHS recode manuals state, "In some countries the educational system does not fit naturally within this scheme, and a different categorization was used for the Final Report. In this case, this variable is constructed as accurately as possible from the country's own scheme, and the variable used for the Final Report is included as a country-specific variable." 0 No education 1 Primary 2 Secondary 3 Higher 4 Other 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Partner's highest year of education in level 805. What was the highest (grade or form or year) he completed at that level? GRADE ___ DON'T KNOW 98 For women whose most recent husband/partner had ever attended school, HUSEDYR (V702) reports the number of years of schooling completed by their husband/partner at the educational level (primary, secondary, or higher) reported in HUSEDLVL (V701). For the husband's total years of education, see HUSEDYRS (V715). 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 95 Other 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Partner's education in total years schooling 804. What was the highest level of school he attended: primary, secondary, or higher? PRIMARY 1 SECONDARY 2 HIGHER 3 DON'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 806) For women who had ever been married or lived with a man, HUSEDYRS (V715) reports the education of the woman's most recent husband/partner in single years. This variable is constructed from responses to HUSEDLVL (V701) and HUSEDYR (V702) as follows: If HUSEDLVL = "No education," HUSEDYRS = "0" If HUSEDLVL = "Primary," HUSEDYRS = HUSEDYR If HUSEDLVL = "Secondary," HUSEDYRS = HUSEDYR + x If HUSEDLVL = "Higher," HUSEDYRS = HUSEDYR + y If HUSEDLVL = "Missing," HUSEDYRS = "Missing" In the above equations, "x" equals the number of years needed to complete primary education, and "y" equals the number of years needed to complete primary and secondary education. The values of "x" and "y" are country-specific. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 95 Other 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Husband's summary educational achievement 804. What was the highest level of school he attended: primary, secondary, or higher? PRIMARY 1 SECONDARY 2 HIGHER 3 DON'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 806) HUSEDACHIEVER (V729) is a summary variable that reports the highest level of education in broad categories for the woman's husband/partner. Countries vary in the gradations of their school systems, but HUSEDACHIEVER is a standardized variable providing the level of education in six categories: No education, Incomplete primary, Complete primary, Incomplete secondary, Complete secondary, and Higher. HUSEDACHIEVER is constructed from information contained in the HUSEDLVL (V701) and HUSEDYR (V702) variables. 0 No education 1 Incomplete primary 2 Complete primary 3 Incomplete secondary 4 Complete secondary 5 Higher 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Reads newspaper once a week 112. How often do you read newspaper or magazine: every day, at least once a week, or less than once a week? EVERY DAY 1 AT LEAST ONCE A WEEK 2 LESS THAN ONCE A WEEK 3 NEWSWK (V109) indicates whether the woman usually reads a newspaper or magazine at least once a week. For a comparable variable reporting the frequency of newspaper or magazine reading, see NEWSFQ (V157). For a variable bridging NEWSWK and NEWSFQ, see NEWSBRIG. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Media exposure Variables -- TOPICS Frequency of reading newspaper or magazine 112. How often do you read newspaper or magazine: every day, at least once a week, or less than once a week? EVERY DAY 1 AT LEAST ONCE A WEEK 2 LESS THAN ONCE A WEEK 3 NEWSFQ (V157) reports how often the woman usually reads a newspaper or magazine (not at all, less than once a week, once a week or more often, or almost every day). For a potentially comparable variable asking whether the woman reads the newspaper or a magazine at least once a week, see NEWSWK (V109). For a variable bridging NEWSFQ and NEWSWK, see NEWSBRIG. 00 Not at all 10 Less than once a week 20 Once a week or more 21 At least once a week 22 Almost every day 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) 97 Don't know Media exposure Variables -- TOPICS Reads newspaper: Bridging variable 112. How often do you read newspaper or magazine: every day, at least once a week, or less than once a week? EVERY DAY 1 AT LEAST ONCE A WEEK 2 LESS THAN ONCE A WEEK 3 NEWSBRIG serves as a bridging variable between two approaches to collecting information on exposure to newspapers and magazines. For DHS Phases 1-3, respondents were asked whether they read a newspaper or magazine at least once a week (NEWSWK (V109)). Beginning in DHS Phase 4, respondents were asked how often they read newspapers or magazines (NEWSFQ (V157)). NEWSBRIG uses composite coding to combine data from these two approaches. See Comparability for more information. 00 No 01 No, not at all 02 No, less than once a week 10 Yes 11 At least once a week 12 Almost every day 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) 97 Don't know Media exposure Variables -- TOPICS Watches TV every week 114A. How often do you watch television: every day, at least once a week, or less than once a week? EVERY DAY 1 AT LEAST ONCE A WEEK 2 LESS THAN ONCE A WEEK 3 TVWK (V110) indicates whether the woman usually watches television at least once a week. For a comparable variable reporting the frequency of watching television, see TVFQ (V159). For a variable bridging TVWK and TVFQ, see TVBRIG. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Media exposure Variables -- TOPICS Frequency of watching television 114A. How often do you watch television: every day, at least once a week, or less than once a week? EVERY DAY 1 AT LEAST ONCE A WEEK 2 LESS THAN ONCE A WEEK 3 TVFQ (V159) reports how often the woman usually watches television (not at all, less than once a week, at least once a week, or almost every day). For a comparable variable asking whether the woman watches television at least once a week, see TVWK (V110). For a variable bridging TVFQ and TVWK (V110), see TVBRIG. 00 Not at all 10 Less than once a week 20 Once a week or more 21 At least once a week 22 Almost every day 98 Missing 97 Don't know Media exposure Variables -- TOPICS Watches television: Bridging variable 114A. How often do you watch television: every day, at least once a week, or less than once a week? EVERY DAY 1 AT LEAST ONCE A WEEK 2 LESS THAN ONCE A WEEK 3 TVBRIG serves as a bridging variable between two approaches to collecting information on exposure to television. For DHS Phases 1-3, respondents were asked whether they watch television at least once a week (TVWK (V110)). Beginning in DHS Phase 4, respondents were asked how often they watch television (TVFQ (V159)). TVBRIG uses composite coding to combine data from these two approaches; see Comparability. 00 No 01 No, not at all 02 No, less than once a week 10 Yes 11 At least once a week 12 Almost every day 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) 97 Don't know Media exposure Variables -- TOPICS Frequency of listening to radio 113A. How often do you listen to the radio: every day, at least once a week, or less than once a week? EVERY DAY 1 AT LEAST ONCE A WEEK 2 LESS THAN ONCE A WEEK 3 RADIOFQ (V158) reports how often the woman usually listens to the radio (not at all, less than once a week, at least once a week, or almost every day). For a comparable variable that asks about whether the woman listens to the radio at least once a week, see RADIOWK (V112). For a variable bridging RADIOFQ and RADIOWK (V112), see RADIOBRIG. 00 Not at all 10 Less than once a week 20 Once a week or more 21 At least once a week 22 Almost every day 98 Missing 97 Don't know Media exposure Variables -- TOPICS Listens to radio: Bridging variable 113A. How often do you listen to the radio: every day, at least once a week, or less than once a week? EVERY DAY 1 AT LEAST ONCE A WEEK 2 LESS THAN ONCE A WEEK 3 RADIOBRIG serves as a bridging variable between two approaches to collecting information on exposure to the radio. For DHS Phases 1-3, respondents were asked whether they listen to the radio at least once a week (RADIOWK (V112)). Beginning in DHS Phase 4, respondents were asked how often they listen to the radio (RADIOFQ (V158)). RADIOBRIG uses composite coding to combine data from these two approaches; see Comparability. 00 No 01 Not at all 02 Less than once a week 10 Yes 11 At least once a week 12 Almost every day 98 Missing 97 Don't know Media exposure Variables -- TOPICS Final say on making large household purchases 812. Who in your family usually has the final say on the following decisions: Your own health care? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Child health care? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Making large household purchases? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Making household purchases for daily needs? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Visits to family, friends, or relatives? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 What food should be cooked each day? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 DECBIGHH (V743B) indicates who in the woman's household usually makes decisions regarding large household purchases. 10 Woman alone 20 Woman and husband/partner 30 Woman and someone else 40 Husband/partner 50 Someone else 51 Other senior male 52 Other senior female 60 Other or not applicable 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) 53 Family elders/relatives Decision-making Variables -- TOPICS Final say on household purchases for daily needs 812. Who in your family usually has the final say on the following decisions: Your own health care? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Child health care? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Making large household purchases? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Making household purchases for daily needs? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Visits to family, friends, or relatives? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 What food should be cooked each day? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 DECDAILYPUR (V743C) indicates who in the woman's household usually makes decisions regarding household purchases for daily needs. 1 Woman alone 2 Woman and husband/partner 3 Woman and someone else 4 Husband/partner 5 Someone else 6 Other or not applicable 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Decision-making Variables -- TOPICS Final say on visits to family or relatives 812. Who in your family usually has the final say on the following decisions: Your own health care? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Child health care? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Making large household purchases? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Making household purchases for daily needs? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Visits to family, friends, or relatives? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 What food should be cooked each day? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 DECFAMVISIT (V743D) indicates who in the woman's household usually makes decisions regarding (the woman's) visits to family or relatives. 1 Woman alone 2 Woman and husband/partner 3 Woman and someone else 4 Husband/partner 5 Someone else 6 Other or not applicable 7 Family elders/relatives 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Decision-making Variables -- TOPICS Final say on woman's health care 812. Who in your family usually has the final say on the following decisions: Your own health care? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Child health care? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Making large household purchases? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Making household purchases for daily needs? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Visits to family, friends, or relatives? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 What food should be cooked each day? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 DECFEMHCARE (V743A) indicates who in the woman's household usually makes decisions regarding the woman's own healthcare. 1 Woman alone 2 Woman and husband/partner 3 Woman and someone else 4 Husband/partner 5 Someone else 6 Other/not applicable 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 7 Family elders/relatives Decision-making Variables -- TOPICS Final say on food to be cooked 812. Who in your family usually has the final say on the following decisions: Your own health care? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Child health care? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Making large household purchases? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Making household purchases for daily needs? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Visits to family, friends, or relatives? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 What food should be cooked each day? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 DECFOOD (V743E) indicates who in the woman's household usually makes decisions regarding food to be cooked each day. 1 Woman alone 2 Woman and husband/partner 3 Woman and someone else 4 Husband/partner 5 Someone else 6 Other or not applicable 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Decision-making Variables -- TOPICS Final say on children's health care 812. Who in your family usually has the final say on the following decisions: Your own health care? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Child health care? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Making large household purchases? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Making household purchases for daily needs? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Visits to family, friends, or relatives? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 What food should be cooked each day? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 DECKIDHEALTH reports who has the final say on the children's health care. The related variable DECKIDHCARE (V466) indicates whether the respondent can decide whether a sick child gets medical treatment. 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 6 Other or not applicable 5 Someone else 4 Husband/partner 3 Woman and someone else 2 Woman and husband/partner 1 Woman alone Decision-making Variables -- TOPICS Can visit health center/hospital alone 819. Can you go to a health center or hospital alone (or with your young children)? YES, ALONE 1 YES, WITH CHILDREN 2 YES, WITH HUSBAND 3 NO 4 OTHER (SPECIFY) 6 DECHLCENTERGO indicates whether the respondent is allowed to go to a health center or hospital alone or with someone else. The related variable HLCENTERGO indicates whether the respondent goes to a health center or hospital alone or with her young children. 00 No 10 Yes, alone 20 Yes, with someone else 21 Yes, with children 22 Yes, with husband 23 Yes, with relatives 90 No child 95 Other 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Decision-making Variables -- TOPICS Can leave town alone 816. Can you go outside the village or town or city along (or with your young children)? YES, ALONE 1 YES, WITH CHILDREN 2 NO 3 (GO TO 818) OTHER (SPECIFY) 6 DECLEAVETOWN indicates whether the respondent is allowed to leave the village/town/city alone or with someone else. The related variable LEAVETOWN indicates whether the respondent leaves the village/town/city alone or with her young children. 00 No 10 Yes, alone 20 Yes, with someone else 21 Yes, with children 95 Other 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Decision-making Variables -- TOPICS Visits health center/hospital alone or with young children 818. Do you go to a health center or hospital alone (or with you young children)? YES, ALONE 1 (GO TO 8120) YES, WITH CHILDREN 2 (GO TO 820) YES, WITH HUSBAND 3 (GO TO 820) NO 4 OTHER (SPECIFY) 6 (GO TO 820) HLCENTERGO indicates whether the respondent goes to a health center or hospital alone or with her young children. 00 Does not go 10 By herself 20 With someone else 32 Yes, with husband 33 Yes, with relatives 90 No child 95 Other 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Other decision-making Variables -- TOPICS Leaves town alone or with young children 815. Do you go outside the village or town or city alone (or with your young children)? YES, ALONE 1 (GO TO 817) YES, WITH CHILDREN 2 (GO TO 817) NO 3 OTHER (SPECIFY) 6 (GO TO 817) LEAVETOWN indicates whether the respondent leaves the village/town/city alone or with her young children. 10 Yes, alone 20 Yes, with children 30 Other responses 31 No 32 Yes, with husband 33 Other, unspecified 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Other decision-making Variables -- TOPICS Frequency leaves town alone or with young children 817. How frequently do you go outside this village or town or city? ONCE A MONTH OR MORE 1 SEVERAL TIMES A YEAR 2 ONCE A YEAR OR LESS 3 NEVER 4 LEAVETOWNFQ reports how frequently the respondent leaves the village/town/city alone or with her young children. 0 Never 1 Once a year or less 2 Several times a year 3 Once a month or more 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Other decision-making Variables -- TOPICS Frequency goes shopping 813. How frequently do you go shopping or marketing? ONCE A MONTH OR MORE 1 SEVERAL TIMES A YEAR 2 ONCE A YEAR OR LESS 3 NEVER 4 (GO TO 815) SHOPFQ reports how frequently the respondent goes shopping or to the market. 0 Never 1 Once a year or less 2 Several times a year 3 Once a month or more 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Other decision-making Variables -- TOPICS Who accompanies respondent when she goes shopping 814. Do you usually go by yourself or do you go with children or your husband or other relatives? BY HERSELF 1 WITH CHILDREN 2 WITH HUSBAND 3 WITH RELATIVES 4 SHOPWITH indicates whether the respondent goes or is allowed to go shopping alone or with other people. 00 Does not go 10 By herself 20 With someone else 21 With children 22 With husband 23 With relatives/friends 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Other decision-making Variables -- TOPICS Fertility preferences 602. CHECK 226: NOT PREGNANT OR UNSURE: Now I have some questions about the future. Would you like to have (a or another) child, or would you prefer not to have any (more) children? PREGNANT: Now I have some questions about the future. After the child you are expecting now, would you like to have another child, or would you prefer not to have any more children? HAVE (A OR ANOTHER) CHILD 1 NO MORE OR NONE 2 (GO TO 604) SAYS SHE CAN'T GET PREGNANT 3 (GO TO 609) UNDECIDED OR DON'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 609) For countries with low contraceptive prevalence, FERTPREF (V602) reports responses to the question, "Would you like to have a (another) child or would you prefer not to have any (more) children"? The standard response categories are "have another," "no more/none," "says she can't get pregnant," and "undecided or don't know." In Phase I, FERTPREF (V602), was constructed from two questions in countries with high contraceptive prevalence (Model "A" questionnaires). Women who responded that they want another child, but when asked when they would like the next child, respond that they cannot get pregnant, are classified in the "declared infecund category," and not in the "Wants another" category. Some samples also include the response "up to God." More detailed responses under the general category "says she can't get pregnant" are sometimes available. In IPUMS-DHS, all responses in the general category of "not at risk of pregnancy" share a common first digit of 5, while the second digit distinguishes between the specific reasons. In some countries, women who never had sexual intercourse (coded as "53" in IPUMS-DHS) were not asked the questions relating to their desire for future children. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Missing 53 Never had sex 52 Declared infecund 51 Sterilized 50 Not at risk of pregnancy 40 Up to God 30 No more 20 Undecided 10 Have another General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Unmet need for FP 612. What is the main reason that you will not use a method at any time in the future? FERTILITY-RELATED REASONS NOT HAVING SEX 11 INFREQUENT SEX 12 MENOPAUSAL OR HYSTERECTOMY 13 SUB FECUND OR INFECUND 14 POSTPARTUM AMENORRHEIC 15 BREASTFEEDING 16 FATALISTIC 17 OPPOSITION TO USE RESPONDENT OPPOSED 21 HUSBAND OPPOSED 22 OTHERS OPPOSED 23 RELIGIOUS PROHIBITION 24 LACK OF KNOWLEDGE KNOWS NO METHOD 31 KNOWS NO SOURCE 32 METHOD-RELATED REASONS HEALTH CONCERNS 41 REAR OF SIDE EFFECTS 42 LACK OF ACCESS OR TOO FAR 43 COST TOO MUCH 45 INCONVENIENT TO USE 46 INTERFERES WITH BODY'S NORMAL PROCESSES 47 OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 DON'T KNOW 98 UNMETNEED (V624) is a constructed variable that reports a woman's need for family planning according to whether she has an unmet need or a met need to space or to limit her future births. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. The following describes the constructed categories in more detail: Unmet need for spacing includes pregnant women whose pregnancy was mistimed, postpartum amenorrheic women whose last birth was mistimed, and fecund women who are neither pregnant nor postpartum amenorrheic and who are not using any method of family planning and say they want to wait two or more years for their next birth, are undecided about the timing of the next birth, or are undecided whether to have another child. Unmet need for limiting includes pregnant women whose pregnancy was unwanted, postpartum amenorrheic women whose last birth was unwanted, and fecund women who are neither pregnant nor postpartum amenorrheic and who are not using any method of family planning and who want no more children. Met need for spacing includes women who are using some method of family planning and say they want to have another child, are undecided about the timing of the next birth, or are undecided whether to have another child. Met need for limiting includes women who are using family planning and who want no more children. Note that the specific methods (modern or traditional) are not taken into account here. Met need describes women who have no need for contraceptive methods, either because they desire a child soon (within the next two years) or because they are menopausal or infecund. In high contraceptive prevalence countries (Model "A" countries), pregnant and postpartum amenorrheic women whose pregnancy was the result of a contraceptive failure are not included in the category of unmet need, but they are categorized as spacing failures or limiting failures. In low contraceptive prevalence countries (Model "B" countries), no such distinction is made, since information was not collected on contraceptive failure. Infecund women are also excluded from the unmet need categories. The "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" provides the following definitions: Fecundity: A woman is assumed to be fecund unless she declares that she is infecund, had a hysterectomy, or is menopausic. Women who are neither pregnant nor postpartum amenorrheic but who have not menstruated for six or more months, and married women who have not used contraception in the past five years but have not had a birth and are not pregnant, are also considered infecund. Failure to Space: This includes women who are pregnant (not due to a contraceptive failure) or are less than six months postpartum amenorrheic who say they wanted the current pregnancy later. Failure to Limit: This includes women who are pregnant (not due to a contraceptive failure) or are less than six months postpartum amenorrheic who say that they did not want another child before they became pregnant. Excluded from the unmet need category are women who became pregnant while using a method (these women are in need of a better method of contraception). The infecund or menopausal category on the UNMETNEED (V624) variable contains fewer cases than the EXPOSURE1 variable, because women who are categorized as infecund or menopausal, but are currently using a contraceptive method, are recorded in the two "met need" categories in UNMETNEED. UNMETNEED (V624) incorporates responses to the following variables: [EXPOSURE1/V623], which reports the woman's exposure to the risk of pregnancy, defined as pregnant, postpartum amenorrheic, menopausal or infecund, and fecund. [ V225], which reports whether a current pregnancy was wanted then, later or not at all (for women who were pregnant at the time of interview). [KIDDESIRE/V605] ,which reports whether the woman wants more children and when she would like them. [FPMETHNOW/V312] which reports the woman's current use of contraception. Users are also encouraged to see details of this variable provided in the "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006) [URL omitted from DDI.]. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Missing 61 Desire birth in less than 2 years 60 No unmet need 53 Never had sex 52 Not in union, not sexually active 51 Infecund or menopausal 50 Not at risk 41 No sex, want to wait 40 Future need for FP 32 Limiting failure 31 Spacing failure 30 Had FP failure 22 Using to limit 21 Using to space 20 Now using FP 12 Unmet need to limit 11 Unmet need to space 10 Has unmet need for FP General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Unmet need for FP (2nd def) 612. What is the main reason that you will not use a method at any time in the future? FERTILITY-RELATED REASONS NOT HAVING SEX 11 INFREQUENT SEX 12 MENOPAUSAL OR HYSTERECTOMY 13 SUB FECUND OR INFECUND 14 POSTPARTUM AMENORRHEIC 15 BREASTFEEDING 16 FATALISTIC 17 OPPOSITION TO USE RESPONDENT OPPOSED 21 HUSBAND OPPOSED 22 OTHERS OPPOSED 23 RELIGIOUS PROHIBITION 24 LACK OF KNOWLEDGE KNOWS NO METHOD 31 KNOWS NO SOURCE 32 METHOD-RELATED REASONS HEALTH CONCERNS 41 REAR OF SIDE EFFECTS 42 LACK OF ACCESS OR TOO FAR 43 COST TOO MUCH 45 INCONVENIENT TO USE 46 INTERFERES WITH BODY'S NORMAL PROCESSES 47 OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 DON'T KNOW 98 UNMETNEED2 (V626) is a constructed variable that indicates a woman's need for family planning according to whether she has an unmet need or a met need to space or to limit her future births. UNMETNEED2 is similar to UNMETNEED, but UNMETNEED2 differently categorizes women who are infecund or menopausal but are currently using a contraceptive method. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. The construction of UNMETNEED2 uses a definition of fecundity based on exposure status as reported in EXPOSURE2. UNMETNEED, by contrast, uses a definition of exposure status as reported in EXPOSURE1. See the descriptions of these two variables for discussion of their differences. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Unknown 53 No sex, want to wait/not married and no sex in last 30 days 52 Never had sex 51 Infecund, menopausal 50 Not at risk for pregnancy 41 Desire birth in less than 2 yrs 40 No unmet need 32 Limiting failure 31 Spacing failure 30 Family limitation failure 22 Using to limit 21 Using to space 20 Now using FP 12 Unmet need to limit 11 Unmet need to space 10 Has unmet need for FP General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Desire for more children 602. CHECK 226: NOT PREGNANT OR UNSURE: Now I have some questions about the future. Would you like to have (a or another) child, or would you prefer not to have any (more) children? PREGNANT: Now I have some questions about the future. After the child you are expecting now, would you like to have another child, or would you prefer not to have any more children? HAVE (A OR ANOTHER) CHILD 1 NO MORE OR NONE 2 (GO TO 604) SAYS SHE CAN'T GET PREGNANT 3 (GO TO 609) UNDECIDED OR DON'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 609) KIDDESIRE (V605) is a constructed variable that distinguishes between women who want another child soon (in less than two years), who want another child later (in 2+ years), who want no more children, and who aren't sure (about timing or about the number of children desired). When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. The construction of this variable has changed across phases of the DHS and varies across countries (only sometimes distinguishing between groups of women not at risk of pregnancy due to sterilization, infecundity, or virginity). To maximize comparability across samples, IPUMS-DHS employs composite coding. Women who want more children share a common first digit of 1, women not at risk of pregnancy share a common first digit of 6, and detail present in only some samples is specified in the code's second digit. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Unknown 63 Never had sex 62 Declared infecund 61 Sterilized 60 Not at risk of pregnancy 51 Up to God 50 Fatalistic response 40 Wants no more 30 Undecided 13 Wants, unsure timing 12 Wants after 2+ years 11 Wants within 2 years 10 Wants more children General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Wanted last child 228. At the time you became pregnant did you want to become pregnant then, did you want to wait until later, or did you not want to have any (more) children at all? THEN 1 LATER 2 NOT AT ALL 3 FPLCHDESIRE (V367) reports whether the woman's last born child was wanted at the time she got pregnant, was wanted but at a later time, or was not wanted at all. The cutoff point for when the woman's last child was born varies across samples; see Comparability. 1 Wanted last child then 2 Wanted last child later 3 Wanted no more children 7 Unsure 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Time wanted current pregnancy 228. At the time you became pregnant did you want to become pregnant then, did you want to wait until later, or did you not want to have any (more) children at all? THEN 1 LATER 2 NOT AT ALL 3 For women who are currently pregnant, PGDESIRE (V225) reports whether, at the time of becoming pregnant, the woman wanted her pregnancy then, later, or not at all. 1 Then 2 Later 3 Not at all 4 Up to God 7 Don't know/Not sure 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ideal number of children 614. CHECK 216: HAS LIVING CHILDREN: If you could go back to the time you did not have any children and could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be? NO LIVING CHILDREN: If you could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be? NUMBER ___ OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 (GO TO 616) IDEALKID (V613) reports the ideal total number of children the woman would have liked to have in her whole life, regardless of her actual childbearing. The information is collected through hypothetical questions such as, "If you could go back to the time you did not have any children and could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be?" (for women with living children) or "If you could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be?" (for women without living children). If the woman responded with a range of values, IDEALKID reports the midpoint between those values. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, "If the midpoint is not an exact number then the number is rounded up in half the cases and rounded down for the other half." The questionnaires included space for non-numeric "other" responses, such as "Up to God." When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 98 Missing 97 Don't know 66 Number she has currently 65 Depends on husband 64 As many as possible 63 Never thought about it 62 Any number/Fatalistic 61 Up to God/As Allah wills 60 Non-numeric response 50 50 49 49 48 48 47 47 46 46 45 45 44 44 43 43 42 42 41 41 40 40 39 39 38 38 37 37 36 36 35 35 34 34 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 01 1 00 0 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 67 As many as can care for 68 Doesn't want children 99 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ideal number of children (grouped) 614. CHECK 216: HAS LIVING CHILDREN: If you could go back to the time you did not have any children and could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be? NO LIVING CHILDREN: If you could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be? NUMBER ___ OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 (GO TO 616) Like IDEALKID, IDEALKIDGRP (V614) reports the total number of children the woman would hypothetically like to have in her whole life, regardless of her actual childbearing, but top-codes numeric responses at 6+ children and codes non-numeric responses as 7. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 8 Missing 7 Non-numeric response 6 6+ 5 5 4 4 3 3 2 2 1 1 0 [no label] 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ideal number of boy children 615. How many of these children would you like to be boys, how many would you like to be girls and for how many would it not matter? NUMBER OF BOYS ___ NUMBER OF GIRLS ___ EITHER ___ OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 Based on a follow-up question to IDEALKID (V613), which collects information about the ideal number of children the woman would hypothetically want to have in her whole life, IDEALBOYS (V627) reports how many of these children would ideally be boys. Numeric responses to IDEALBOYS (V627), IDEALGIRLS (V628), and IDEALBOTH (V629) should sum to the total number of children in IDEALKID (V613). Non-numeric responses (such as "up to God") are allowed for each of these variables. 98 Missing 97 Don't know 63 Never thought about it 62 Any number/Fatalistic 61 Up to God/As Allah wills 60 Non-numeric response 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 01 1 00 0 64 As many as possible 65 Depends on husband 99 NIU (not in universe) 66 Number she has currently 69 No sex preference General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ideal number of girl children 615. How many of these children would you like to be boys, how many would you like to be girls and for how many would it not matter? NUMBER OF BOYS ___ NUMBER OF GIRLS ___ EITHER ___ OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 Based on a follow-up question to IDEALKID (V613), which collects information about the ideal number of children the woman would hypothetically want to have in her whole life, IDEALGIRLS reports how many of these children would ideally be girls. Numeric responses to IDEALGIRLS (V628), IDEALBOYS (V627), and IDEALBOTH (V629) should sum to the total number of children in IDEALKID (V613). Non-numeric responses (such as "up to God") are allowed for each of these variables. 98 Missing 97 Don't know 63 Never thought about it 62 Any number/Fatalistic 61 God's decision/Allah's will 60 Non-numeric response 40 40 39 39 38 38 37 37 36 36 35 35 34 34 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 01 1 00 0 64 As many as possible 65 Depends on husband 99 NIU (not in universe) 66 Number she has currently 69 No sex preference General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ideal number of children of either sex 615. How many of these children would you like to be boys, how many would you like to be girls and for how many would it not matter? NUMBER OF BOYS ___ NUMBER OF GIRLS ___ EITHER ___ OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 Based on a follow-up question to IDEALKID (V613), which collects information about the ideal number of children the woman would hypothetically want to have in her whole life, IDEALBOTH (V629) reports the ideal number of children of either sex (i.e., with no gender preference). Numeric responses to IDEALGIRLS (V628), IDEALBOYS (V627), and IDEALBOTH (V629) should sum to the total number of children in IDEALKID. Non-numeric responses (such as "up to God") are allowed for each of these variables. 98 Missing 97 Don't know 63 Never thought about it 62 Any number/Fatalistic 61 Up to God/As Allah wills 60 Non-numeric response 40 40 39 39 38 38 37 37 36 36 35 35 34 34 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 01 1 00 0 64 As many as possible 65 Depends on husband 66 Number she has currently 99 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ideal time before future birth 603. CHECK 226: NOT PREGNANT OR UNSURE: How long would you like to wait from now before the birth of (a or another) child? PREGNANT: After the birth of the child you are expecting now, how long would you like to wait before the birth of another child? MONTHS 1 ___ YEARS 2 ___ SOON OR NOW 993 (GO TO 609) SAYS SHE CAN'T GET PREGNANT 994 (GO TO 609) OTHER (SPECIFY) 996 (GO TO 609) DON'T KNOW 998 (GO TO 609) IDEALBTHFUT (V616) reports how long the woman would like to wait before the birth of a/another child. 100 Less than 1 month 101 1 month 102 2 months 103 3 months 104 4 months 105 5 months 106 6 months 107 7 months 108 8 months 109 9 months 110 10 months 111 11 months 112 12 months 113 13 months 114 14 months 115 15 months 116 16 months 117 17 months 118 18 months 119 19 months 120 20 months 121 21 months 122 22 months 123 23 months 124 24 months 125 25 months 126 26 months 127 27 months 128 28 months 129 29 months 130 30 months 131 31 months 132 32 months 133 33 months 134 34 months 135 35 months 136 36 months 137 37 months 138 38 months 139 39 months 140 40 months 141 41 months 142 42 months 143 43 months 144 44 months 145 45 months 146 46 months 147 47 months 148 48 months 149 49 months 150 50 months 151 51 months 152 52 months 153 53 months 154 54 months 155 55 months 156 56 months 157 57 months 158 58 months 159 59 months 160 60 months 161 61 months 162 62 months 163 63 months 164 64 months 165 65 months 166 66 months 167 67 months 168 68 months 169 69 months 170 70 months 171 71 months 172 72 months 173 73 months 174 74 months 175 75 months 176 76 months 177 77 months 178 78 months 179 79 months 180 80 months 181 81 months 182 82 months 183 83 months 184 84 months 185 85 months 186 86 months 187 87 months 188 88 months 189 89 months 190 90 months 191 91 months 192 92 months 193 93 months 194 94 months 195 95 months 196 96 months 197 97 months 198 98 months 199 Months, unspecified number 200 Less than 1 year 201 1 year 202 2 years 203 3 years 204 4 years 205 5 years 206 6 years 207 7 years 208 8 years 209 9 years 210 10 years 211 11 years 212 12 years 213 13 years 214 14 years 215 15 years 216 16 years 217 17 years 218 18 years 219 19 years 220 20 years 221 21 years 222 22 years 223 23 years 224 24 years 225 25 years 226 26 years 227 27 years 228 28 years 229 29 years 230 30 years 231 31 years 232 32 years 233 33 years 234 34 years 235 35+ years 299 Years, number missing 989 Up to God 990 After finishing school 991 After marriage 992 When husband returns 993 After breastfeeding 994 At any time 995 Soon/now 996 Other 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Preferred waiting time for birth of a(nother) child 603. CHECK 226: NOT PREGNANT OR UNSURE: How long would you like to wait from now before the birth of (a or another) child? PREGNANT: After the birth of the child you are expecting now, how long would you like to wait before the birth of another child? MONTHS 1 ___ YEARS 2 ___ SOON OR NOW 993 (GO TO 609) SAYS SHE CAN'T GET PREGNANT 994 (GO TO 609) OTHER (SPECIFY) 996 (GO TO 609) DON'T KNOW 998 (GO TO 609) For women who want to have a/another child, PREFTIMECH (V603) reports the amount of time, in months or years, they would like to wait before the birth of a/another child (top-coded at 20 years). The complementary variable PREFTIMECH (V604) reports responses to the same question, but in terms of years only, top-coded at 6+ years. PREFTIMECH includes women who are either pregnant or at risk of pregnancy. However, the definition of "at risk of pregnancy" varies across samples, and the way this variable was asked and calculated also changed over time; see Comparability. 100 Less than one month (want now) 101 1 month 102 2 months 103 3 months 104 4 months 105 5 months 106 6 months 107 7 months 108 8 months 109 9 months 110 10 months 111 11 months 112 12 months 113 13 months 114 14 months 115 15 months 116 16 months 117 17 months 118 18 months 119 19 months 120 20 months 121 21 months 122 22 months 123 23 months 124 24 months 125 25 months 126 26 months 127 27 months 128 28 months 129 29 months 130 30 months 131 31 months 132 32 months 133 33 months 134 34 months 135 35 months 136 36 months 137 37 months 138 38 months 139 39 months 140 40 months 141 41 months 142 42 months 143 43 months 144 44 months 145 45 months 146 46 months 147 47 months 148 48 months 149 49 months 150 50 months 151 51 months 152 52 months 153 53 months 154 54 months 155 55 months 156 56 months 157 57 months 158 58 months 159 59 months 160 60 months 161 61 months 162 62 months 163 63 months 164 64 months 165 65 months 166 66 months 167 67 months 168 68 months 169 69 months 170 70 months 171 71 months 172 72 months 173 73 months 174 74 months 175 75 months 176 76 months 177 77 months 178 78 months 179 79 months 180 80 months 181 81 months 182 82 months 183 83 months 184 84 months 185 85 months 186 86 months 187 87 months 188 88 months 189 89 months 190 90 months 191 91 months 192 92 months 193 93 months 194 94 months 195 95 months 196 96 months 197 97 months 198 98 months 199 Months, number unspecified 200 Less than one year 201 1 year 202 2 years 203 3 years 204 4 years 205 5 years 206 6 years 207 7 years 208 8 years 209 9 years 210 10 years 211 11 years 212 12 years 213 13 years 214 14 years 215 15 years 216 16 years 217 17 years 218 18 years 219 19 years 220 20 years or more 299 Years, number unspecified 987 After weaning 989 After finishing school 990 When spouse returns 991 Up to God 992 After marriage 993 Any time 994 Soon or immediately 995 Other, non-numeric response 996 Inconsistent response 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Preferred waiting time for birth of a(nother) child (grouped) 603. CHECK 226: NOT PREGNANT OR UNSURE: How long would you like to wait from now before the birth of (a or another) child? PREGNANT: After the birth of the child you are expecting now, how long would you like to wait before the birth of another child? MONTHS 1 ___ YEARS 2 ___ SOON OR NOW 993 (GO TO 609) SAYS SHE CAN'T GET PREGNANT 994 (GO TO 609) OTHER (SPECIFY) 996 (GO TO 609) DON'T KNOW 998 (GO TO 609) For women who want to have a/another child, PREFTIMECHGP (V604) reports the amount of time, in years, they would like to wait before the birth of a/another child, top-coded at 6+ years. PREFTIMECHGP includes women who are either pregnant or at risk of pregnancy. However, the definition of "at risk of pregnancy" varies across samples; see Comparability. The related variable PREFTIMECH presents the same information in greater detail, in terms of months or years, top-coded at 20 years. 00 Less than 12 months 01 1 year 02 2 years 03 3 years 04 4 years 05 5 years 06 6 or more years 96 Non-numeric response 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Husband's desire for children 622. Do you think your husband wants the same number of children that you want, or does he want more or fewer than you want? SAME NUMBER 1 MORE CHILDREN 2 FEWER CHILDREN 3 DON'T KNOW 8 HUSFERTPREF (V621) reports whether the woman believes her partner wants the same number of children, more children, or fewer children than she wants. 01 Both want same 02 Husband wants more 03 Husband wants fewer 07 Don't Know 08 Missing 09 NIU (not in universe) 04 Both provided non-numeric response General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Respondent approves of couples using FP 616. Would you say that you approve or disapprove of couples using a method to avoid getting pregnant? APPROVE 1 DISAPPROVE 2 DON'T KNOW OR UNSURE 8 FPAPPROVE (V612) indicates whether the woman approves, in general, of the use of family planning to avoid a pregnancy. 0 Disapproves 1 Approves 3 Depends 7 Don't know/Undecided 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Husband approves FP use 620. Now I want to ask you about your husband's views on family planning. Do you think that your husband approves or disapproves of couples using a method to avoid pregnancy? APPROVES 1 DISAPPROVES 2 DON'T KNOW 8 HUSPROFP (V610) indicates whether the woman believes her husband or male partner approves of couples using a family planning method to avoid pregnancy. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 10 Disapproves 20 Approves or indifferent 21 Approves 22 Indifferent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Fecund, pregnant, amenorrheic, or infecund 612. What is the main reason that you will not use a method at any time in the future? FERTILITY-RELATED REASONS NOT HAVING SEX 11 INFREQUENT SEX 12 MENOPAUSAL OR HYSTERECTOMY 13 SUB FECUND OR INFECUND 14 POSTPARTUM AMENORRHEIC 15 BREASTFEEDING 16 FATALISTIC 17 OPPOSITION TO USE RESPONDENT OPPOSED 21 HUSBAND OPPOSED 22 OTHERS OPPOSED 23 RELIGIOUS PROHIBITION 24 LACK OF KNOWLEDGE KNOWS NO METHOD 31 KNOWS NO SOURCE 32 METHOD-RELATED REASONS HEALTH CONCERNS 41 REAR OF SIDE EFFECTS 42 LACK OF ACCESS OR TOO FAR 43 COST TOO MUCH 45 INCONVENIENT TO USE 46 INTERFERES WITH BODY'S NORMAL PROCESSES 47 OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 DON'T KNOW 98 EXPOSURE1 (V623) is a constructed variable that draws upon responses to several questions to differentiate between pregnant women, postpartum amenorrheic women, menopausal or infecund women, and fecund women. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, these categories are actualized as follows: Pregnant women Postpartum amenorrheic women are those whose period has not returned since the last birth in the three/five years preceding the survey. Women are defined as being menopausal if they are not pregnant and not postpartum amenorrheic, are not currently using a contraceptive method, and have not had a period in the six months preceding the survey or report they are in menopause. Women are defined as being infecund if they are not menopausal and not postpartum amenorrheic and not pregnant, have had no birth in the five years preceding the survey, and either (Model "A" countries) have been continuously married and have not used contraception in the five years preceding the survey, or (Model "B" countries) have been married one time and first married five or more years before the survey and have never used contraception. Fecund women are all women not included in the preceding categories. 3 Infecund, menopausal 2 Amenorrheic 1 Pregnant 0 Fecund 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Fecund, pregnant, amenorrheic, or infecund (2nd def) 612. What is the main reason that you will not use a method at any time in the future? FERTILITY-RELATED REASONS NOT HAVING SEX 11 INFREQUENT SEX 12 MENOPAUSAL OR HYSTERECTOMY 13 SUB FECUND OR INFECUND 14 POSTPARTUM AMENORRHEIC 15 BREASTFEEDING 16 FATALISTIC 17 OPPOSITION TO USE RESPONDENT OPPOSED 21 HUSBAND OPPOSED 22 OTHERS OPPOSED 23 RELIGIOUS PROHIBITION 24 LACK OF KNOWLEDGE KNOWS NO METHOD 31 KNOWS NO SOURCE 32 METHOD-RELATED REASONS HEALTH CONCERNS 41 REAR OF SIDE EFFECTS 42 LACK OF ACCESS OR TOO FAR 43 COST TOO MUCH 45 INCONVENIENT TO USE 46 INTERFERES WITH BODY'S NORMAL PROCESSES 47 OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 DON'T KNOW 98 Like EXPOSURE1, EXPOSURE2 (V625) is a constructed variable that draws upon responses to several questions to distinguish between pregnant women, postpartum amenorrheic women, menopausal or infecund women, and fecund women. EXPOSURE2 uses a more liberal definition of infecundity than EXPOSURE1, however. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. The DHS Recode Manuals explain the differences between these two variables as follows: For Model "B" countries, it is only possible to say that a woman had been continuously married throughout the preceding five years if she was in her first union. This definition has been relaxed in V625 [EXPOSURE2], such that the respondent need only have been married at least five years ago, and not continuously married throughout the last five years. For Model "A" countries, there is no change to this part of the definition. [For EXPOSURE2] Two additional variables have been used to declare a woman infecund. If the respondent said that she cannot get pregnant when asked about preferences for additional children, or if she reported that she was menopausal or had a hysterectomy when giving the reason she was not currently using a contraceptive method, the respondent is coded as infecund. Model A countries and Model B countries are defined according to whether the country based its questionnaire on the Model A or Model B standard DHS questionnaire for DHS phases one through four. In general, the Model A questionnaire was designed for use in countries with high contraceptive prevalence. Nonetheless, countries with relatively low contraceptive prevalence sometimes modeled their own questionnaire on the Model A standard questionnaire. This was the case, for example, for the Kenyan samples for 1998 and 2003 and the Malawi samples for 2000 and 2004. 0 Fecund 1 Pregnant 2 Amenorrheic 3 Infecund, menopausal 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know any type of FP method SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPKNOTYP (V301) is a summary (recoded) variable indicating whether the woman knew any family planning method and, if so, whether she knew a modern method or only a traditional or folkloric method. In the DHS, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet) that vary across samples. 00 Knows no method 10 Knows only traditional or folkloric method 11 Knows only folkloric method 12 Knows only traditional method 20 Knows modern method 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about Pill for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPKNOPILL (V304_01) indicates whether the woman knew about the Pill as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about IUD for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPKNOIUD (V304_02) indicates whether the woman knew about the IUD (intra-uterine device) as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. In probe questions, an IUD was often described as "a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse." 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about injectable FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPKNOINJ (V304_03) indicates whether the woman knew about injectables as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. For the probe question, injectables were typically defined as "an injection by a doctor or nurse, which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months." 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about condom for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPKNOCON (V304_05) indicates whether the woman knew about male condoms as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about female sterilization for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPKNOFST (V304_06) indicates whether the woman knew about female sterilization as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about male sterilization for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPKNOMST (V304_07) indicates whether the woman knew about male sterilization as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about female condom for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPKNOFC (V304_14) indicates whether the woman knew about female condoms as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about implants or Norplant for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPKNOIMP (V304_11) indicates whether the woman knew about implants (such as Norplant) as a method for family planning. Implants were generally described as "small rods placed in their arm by a doctor, which stops them from becoming pregnant for several years." Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Knows about lactational amenorrhea as a method of family planning SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPKNOLAM (V304_13) indicates whether the woman knew about the lactational amenorrhea method (LAM) as a method for family planning. The complementary variable FPEVUSLAM indicates whether the woman had ever used LAM as a means to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about withdrawal for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPKNOWD (V304_09) indicates whether the woman knew about withdrawal as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about rhythm for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPKNORHY (V304_08) indicates whether the woman knew about the rhythm method (periodic abstinence at the high-fertility part of the woman's menstrual cycle) as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 10 Yes 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 00 No 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Knows about other contraceptive as a method of family planning SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPKNOOM (V304_10) indicates whether the woman knew about any "other" method(s) as a method of family planning. The complementary variable FPEVUSOM indicates whether the woman had ever used any "other" method(s) to delay or avoid a pregnancy. The meaning of "other" in this case depends on the specific response categories included in a given sample. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Known source for FP 328. Do you know of a place where you can obtain a method of family planning? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 330) FPKNOANYSRC (V379) reports the source where the respondent knows contraceptives can be obtained. This variable is constructed from a series of questions. Because the questions used to construct this variable changed slightly across phases, IPUMS-DHS users are encouraged to review the Comparability tab. The related variable FPKNOANYSRCS (V380) reports known sources for contraceptives, in standardized categories. 0000 No one/did not consult source 1000 PUBLIC SECTOR 1100 Government hospital 1110 Referral/specialty hospital 1120 National/central hospital 1130 Regional/provincial hospital 1140 Urban hospital 1150 District/rural hospital 1151 District hospital 1152 Rural hospital 1160 University/teaching hospital 1161 University hospital 1162 Teaching hospital 1200 Government health center 1210 Referral health center 1220 Community health center 1230 Urban health center 1240 Rural health center 1250 Integrated health center 1260 Family welfare center 1270 Primary health center 1300 Government pharmacy/dispensary 1310 Government pharmacy 1320 Government dispensary 1400 Government maternity home 1410 Mother and child health (MCH) center 1420 Rural maternity clinic 1500 Government family planning clinic 1510 Stand-alone family planning clinic 1520 Mobile family planning clinic 1600 Government outreach 1610 Government health post 1611 Village health post 1620 Government mobile clinic 1630 Government health worker 1631 Fieldworker 1632 Community-based distribution agent (CBDA) 1633 Community/village health worker 1634 Health surveillance assistant (HSA) 1635 Paramedic 1636 Doctor 1637 Nurse 1900 Other public sector 1901 Camp 1902 Health box 1903 Health station/clinic 1904 Health office 1905 Community clinic 1906 Health insurance organization 1907 Curative care organization 1908 Parastatal health facility 1909 Female Community Health Volunteer Program (FCHV) of Nepal 2000 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR 2100 Private hospital/clinic 2110 Private hospital 2111 Referral/specialty hospital 2120 Private clinic 2200 Private doctor 2210 Qualified doctor 2220 Traditional doctor 2230 Doctor/birth attendant 2300 Private pharmacy/dispensary 2310 Private pharmacy 2320 Private dispensary 2400 Private family planning clinic 2500 Private outreach 2510 Private mobile clinic 2520 Private health worker 2521 Fieldworker 2522 Community-based distribution agent (CBDA) 2523 Nurse 2524 Paramedic 2526 Community/village health worker 2527 Midwife 2600 Private health center 2610 VCT center 2700 Private maternity home 2900 Other private medical sector 2901 Care room 2902 Tent 3000 NGO FACILITY 3100 NGO health facility 3110 Static clinic 3120 Satellite clinic 3130 Community-based outlet 3140 UN Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA) 3150 International Rescue Committee (IRC) 3200 NGO health worker 3210 Depot holder 3220 Fieldworker 3300 Country-specific NGOs 3301 AMO Congo 3302 Egypt family planning association (EFPA) 3303 CSI project 3304 Family Guidance Association of Ethiopia (FGAE) 3305 BLM 3306 MACRO 3307 Marie Stopes 3308 Red Cross Society 3309 AFGA 3310 Family Planning Association of Nepal (FPAN) 3311 Institute for Family Health (IFH) 3900 Other NGO facility 4000 RELIGIOUS/MISSION 4100 Religious hospital/clinic 4110 Religious hospital 4111 Religious referral/specialty hospital 4112 Religious district hospital 4120 Religious clinic 4200 Religious health center/dispensary 4210 Religious health center 4211 Mosque health center 4212 Church health center 4220 Religious dispensary 4300 Religious mobile clinic 4400 Religious door-to-door 4900 Other religious 5000 OTHER 5100 Shop/market 5110 Shop 5111 General dealer 5112 Supermarket/tuck shop 5113 Service station 5120 Market 5130 Kiosk 5140 Gas station 5190 Other retail 5200 Relative/friend 5210 Partner 5300 Church/mosque/temple 5400 Bar/nightclub/hotel 5410 Bar/nightclub 5420 Hotel 5500 Other institutions 5510 Youth center 5520 Workplace 5521 Respondent's workplace 5522 Partner's workplace 5530 School 5600 Traditional practitioner 5610 Traditional birth attendant (TBA) 5620 Vaidya/hakim/homeopath 5700 Informal channels 5710 Drug vendor 9992 Not asked 9993 Non-user: Knows source 9994 Multiple responses given 9995 Other 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Known source for FP, standardized 328. Do you know of a place where you can obtain a method of family planning? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 330) FPKNOANYSRCS (V380) reports the source from which the woman knows contraceptives can be obtained. This variable is constructed from a series of questions, and answers were recorded using standard responses and codes that are consistent across countries and phases. Because the questions used to construct this variable changed slightly across phases, IPUMS-DHS users are encouraged to review the Comparability tab. 01 Government clinic/pharmacy 02 Government home/community delivery 03 NGO 04 Private clinic/delivery 05 Private pharmacy 06 Church, shop, friends 07 Other 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Current FP use by method type (folk, traditional, modern) 311. Which method are you using? 311A. CIRCLE '01' FOR FEMALE STERILIZATION. FEMALE STERILIZATION 01 (GO TO 313) MALE STERILIZATION 02 (GO TO 313) PILL 03 IUD 04 (GO TO 318) INJECTIONS 05 (GO TO 318) IMPLANTS 06 (GO TO 318) CONDOM 07 (GO TO 312C) PERIODIC ABSTINENCE 09 (GO TO 318) WITHDRAWAL 10 (GO TO 318) LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD 11 (GO TO 318) OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 (GO TO 318) FPTYPNOW (V313) indicates whether the woman is currently using a modern, traditional, or folkloric method of contraception. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. In the DHS, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. 00 No method 10 Folkloric or traditional method 11 Folkloric method 12 Traditional method 20 Modern method 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Pattern of use of contraceptive method 319. I would like to ask you some questions about the times you or your partner may have used a method to avoid getting pregnant during the last few years. USE CALENDAR TO PROBE FOR EARLIER PERIOD OF USE AND NONUSE, STARTING WITH MORE RECENT USE, BACK TO APRIL 1994 (BAISHAK 1401). USE NAMES OF CHILDREN, DATES OF BIRTH, AND PERIODS OF PREGNANCY AS REFERENCE POINTS. IN COLUMN 1, ENTER METHOD OF USE CODE OR '0' FOR NONUSE IN EACH BLANK MONTH. ILLUSTRATIVE QUESTIONS FOR COLUMN 1: When was the last time you used a method? Which method was that? When did you start using that method? How long after the birth of (NAME)? How long did you use the method then? IN COLUMN 2, ENTER METHOD SOURCE CODE IN FIRST MONTH OF EACH USE. ILLUSTRATIVE QUESTIONS FOR COLUMN 2: Where did you obtain the method when you started using it? Where did you get advice on how to use the method (for LAM, rhythm, or withdrawal)? IN COLUMN 3, ENTER CODES FOR DISCONTINUATION NEXT TO LAST MONTH OF USE. NUMBER OF CODES IN COLUMN 3 MUST BE THE SAME AS NUMBER OF INTERRUPTIONS OF METHOD USE IN COLUMN 1. ASK WHY SHE STOPPED USING THE METHOD. IF A PREGNANCY FOLLOWED, ASK WHETHER SHE BECAME PREGNANT UNINTENTIONALLY WHILE USING THE METHOD OR DELIBERATELY STOPPED TO GET PREGNANT. ILLUSTRATIVE QUESTION FOR COLUMN 3: Why did you stop using the (METHOD)? Did you become pregnant while using (METHOD), or did you stop to get pregnant, or did you stop for some other reason? IF DELIBERATELY STOPPED TO BECOME PREGNANT, ASK: How many months did it take you to get pregnant after you stopped using (METHOD)? AND ENTER '0' IN EACH SUCH MONTH IN COLUMN 1. FPUSPATRN (V361) reports the woman's pattern of contraceptive use by indicating whether she is currently using, has used in the past, or has never used contraception. 10 Currently using 20 Ever used, but not currently using 21 Used since last birth 22 Used before last birth 30 Never used 99 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Current method of FP 311. Which method are you using? 311A. CIRCLE '01' FOR FEMALE STERILIZATION. FEMALE STERILIZATION 01 (GO TO 313) MALE STERILIZATION 02 (GO TO 313) PILL 03 IUD 04 (GO TO 318) INJECTIONS 05 (GO TO 318) IMPLANTS 06 (GO TO 318) CONDOM 07 (GO TO 312C) PERIODIC ABSTINENCE 09 (GO TO 318) WITHDRAWAL 10 (GO TO 318) LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD 11 (GO TO 318) OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 (GO TO 318) FPMETHNOW (V312) reports the contraceptive method the woman is currently using. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. Answers are grouped under the broad categories of "modern methods," "traditional methods," and "other methods," each with a different first digit. Specific methods are distinguished by the second and third digits. See FPEVUSE for more information on broad categories of contraception. Closely related responses, such as various groupings of diaphragm/foam/jelly, share the first 2 digits in common, while the third digit distinguishes the exact response category. 000 Not using 100 MODERN METHODS 101 Pill 102 IUD 103 Norplant/Implants 104 Condom 105 Female Condom 106 Female Sterilization 107 Male Sterilization 110 Injections 111 Injection (3 monthly) 112 Injection (monthly) 120 Diaphragm/Foam/Jelly 121 Diaphragm 122 Diaphragm/Foam 123 Diaphragm/Jelly 124 Foam or Jelly 125 Foaming tablets 126 Vaginal methods 130 Lactational amenorrhea (LAM) 131 Prolonged breastfeeding 140 Emergency contraception 150 Other modern method 151 Contraceptive patch 200 TRADITIONAL METHODS 210 Abstinence or periodic abstinence 211 Periodic abstinence 212 Cycle Beads/Standard days method 213 Abstinence 214 Mucus method 215 Natural family planning, unspecified 220 Withdrawal 230 Other traditional/folkloric 231 Herbs/Plants 232 Gris-Gris/Amulet 233 Astrology 234 Strings 300 OTHER METHOD, UNSPECIFIED 301 Other specific method 1 302 Other specific method 2 303 Other specific method 3 304 Other specific method 4 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Last FP method discontinued in past 5 years 319. I would like to ask you some questions about the times you or your partner may have used a method to avoid getting pregnant during the last few years. USE CALENDAR TO PROBE FOR EARLIER PERIOD OF USE AND NONUSE, STARTING WITH MORE RECENT USE, BACK TO APRIL 1994 (BAISHAK 1401). USE NAMES OF CHILDREN, DATES OF BIRTH, AND PERIODS OF PREGNANCY AS REFERENCE POINTS. IN COLUMN 1, ENTER METHOD OF USE CODE OR '0' FOR NONUSE IN EACH BLANK MONTH. ILLUSTRATIVE QUESTIONS FOR COLUMN 1: When was the last time you used a method? Which method was that? When did you start using that method? How long after the birth of (NAME)? How long did you use the method then? IN COLUMN 2, ENTER METHOD SOURCE CODE IN FIRST MONTH OF EACH USE. ILLUSTRATIVE QUESTIONS FOR COLUMN 2: Where did you obtain the method when you started using it? Where did you get advice on how to use the method (for LAM, rhythm, or withdrawal)? IN COLUMN 3, ENTER CODES FOR DISCONTINUATION NEXT TO LAST MONTH OF USE. NUMBER OF CODES IN COLUMN 3 MUST BE THE SAME AS NUMBER OF INTERRUPTIONS OF METHOD USE IN COLUMN 1. ASK WHY SHE STOPPED USING THE METHOD. IF A PREGNANCY FOLLOWED, ASK WHETHER SHE BECAME PREGNANT UNINTENTIONALLY WHILE USING THE METHOD OR DELIBERATELY STOPPED TO GET PREGNANT. ILLUSTRATIVE QUESTION FOR COLUMN 3: Why did you stop using the (METHOD)? Did you become pregnant while using (METHOD), or did you stop to get pregnant, or did you stop for some other reason? IF DELIBERATELY STOPPED TO BECOME PREGNANT, ASK: How many months did it take you to get pregnant after you stopped using (METHOD)? AND ENTER '0' IN EACH SUCH MONTH IN COLUMN 1. FPLDISMETH5Y (V359) reports the last contraceptive method the woman discontinued use of in the last five years. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 999 NIU (not in universe) 998 Missing 400 CONTINUATION OF SAME METHOD 304 Specific method 4 303 Specific method 3 302 Specific method 2 301 Specific method 1 300 OTHER METHOD, UNSPECIFIED 220 Withdrawal 213 Standard days method 212 Abstinence 211 Periodic abstinence 210 Abstinence or periodic abstinence 200 TRADITIONAL METHODS 141 Emergency contraception 131 Prolonged breastfeeding 140 Other modern method 130 Lactational amenorrhea (LAM) 124 Foam or jelly 123 Diaphragm/Jelly 122 Diaphragm/Foam 121 Diaphragm 120 Diaphragm/Foam/Jelly 107 Male sterilization 106 Female sterilization 105 Female condom 104 Condom 103 Norplant/Implants 102 IUD 101 Pill 100 MODERN METHODS 230 Other traditional/folkloric 231 Herbs/plants 232 Gris-Gris/Amulet 233 Astrology 234 Strings 110 Injections 111 Injections (3 monthly) 112 Injections (monthly) 142 Contraceptive patch Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Reason of last discontinuation 319. I would like to ask you some questions about the times you or your partner may have used a method to avoid getting pregnant during the last few years. USE CALENDAR TO PROBE FOR EARLIER PERIOD OF USE AND NONUSE, STARTING WITH MORE RECENT USE, BACK TO APRIL 1994 (BAISHAK 1401). USE NAMES OF CHILDREN, DATES OF BIRTH, AND PERIODS OF PREGNANCY AS REFERENCE POINTS. IN COLUMN 1, ENTER METHOD OF USE CODE OR '0' FOR NONUSE IN EACH BLANK MONTH. ILLUSTRATIVE QUESTIONS FOR COLUMN 1: When was the last time you used a method? Which method was that? When did you start using that method? How long after the birth of (NAME)? How long did you use the method then? IN COLUMN 2, ENTER METHOD SOURCE CODE IN FIRST MONTH OF EACH USE. ILLUSTRATIVE QUESTIONS FOR COLUMN 2: Where did you obtain the method when you started using it? Where did you get advice on how to use the method (for LAM, rhythm, or withdrawal)? IN COLUMN 3, ENTER CODES FOR DISCONTINUATION NEXT TO LAST MONTH OF USE. NUMBER OF CODES IN COLUMN 3 MUST BE THE SAME AS NUMBER OF INTERRUPTIONS OF METHOD USE IN COLUMN 1. ASK WHY SHE STOPPED USING THE METHOD. IF A PREGNANCY FOLLOWED, ASK WHETHER SHE BECAME PREGNANT UNINTENTIONALLY WHILE USING THE METHOD OR DELIBERATELY STOPPED TO GET PREGNANT. ILLUSTRATIVE QUESTION FOR COLUMN 3: Why did you stop using the (METHOD)? Did you become pregnant while using (METHOD), or did you stop to get pregnant, or did you stop for some other reason? IF DELIBERATELY STOPPED TO BECOME PREGNANT, ASK: How many months did it take you to get pregnant after you stopped using (METHOD)? AND ENTER '0' IN EACH SUCH MONTH IN COLUMN 1. FPLDISREAS5Y (V360) reports the reason why the woman discontinued use of the last family planning method she used in the last five years. The complementary variable FPLDISMETH5Y reports the last contraceptive method itself that the woman stopped using in the last five years. 370 End of breastfeeding period 110 Became pregnant/Method failed 120 Wanted to get pregnant 130 Husband disapproved 140 Other relative disapproved 150 Side effects or health concerns 151 Side effects, respondent 152 Side effects, child 160 Access or availability issues 170 Wanted more effective method 180 Switched to different method 190 Method no longer available 200 Inconvenient to use 210 Infrequent sexual activity, or husband away or ill 220 Lack of sexual satisfaction 230 Cost of method 240 Fatalistic 250 Difficulty getting pregnant, menopause or amenorrheic 260 Menstrual issues while using method 270 Weight gain while using method 280 Lack of privacy while using method 290 Unsatisfied with method 300 Marital dissolution/Divorced or widowed 310 Doctor's advice 320 Specific method issue 321 IUD expelled 322 IUD expired 330 Religious prohibition 996 Other reason 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) 340 Others had bad experience with method 350 Rest 360 Period returned Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Months of use of current family planning method 319. I would like to ask you some questions about the times you or your partner may have used a method to avoid getting pregnant during the last few years. USE CALENDAR TO PROBE FOR EARLIER PERIOD OF USE AND NONUSE, STARTING WITH MORE RECENT USE, BACK TO APRIL 1994 (BAISHAK 1401). USE NAMES OF CHILDREN, DATES OF BIRTH, AND PERIODS OF PREGNANCY AS REFERENCE POINTS. IN COLUMN 1, ENTER METHOD OF USE CODE OR '0' FOR NONUSE IN EACH BLANK MONTH. ILLUSTRATIVE QUESTIONS FOR COLUMN 1: When was the last time you used a method? Which method was that? When did you start using that method? How long after the birth of (NAME)? How long did you use the method then? IN COLUMN 2, ENTER METHOD SOURCE CODE IN FIRST MONTH OF EACH USE. ILLUSTRATIVE QUESTIONS FOR COLUMN 2: Where did you obtain the method when you started using it? Where did you get advice on how to use the method (for LAM, rhythm, or withdrawal)? IN COLUMN 3, ENTER CODES FOR DISCONTINUATION NEXT TO LAST MONTH OF USE. NUMBER OF CODES IN COLUMN 3 MUST BE THE SAME AS NUMBER OF INTERRUPTIONS OF METHOD USE IN COLUMN 1. ASK WHY SHE STOPPED USING THE METHOD. IF A PREGNANCY FOLLOWED, ASK WHETHER SHE BECAME PREGNANT UNINTENTIONALLY WHILE USING THE METHOD OR DELIBERATELY STOPPED TO GET PREGNANT. ILLUSTRATIVE QUESTION FOR COLUMN 3: Why did you stop using the (METHOD)? Did you become pregnant while using (METHOD), or did you stop to get pregnant, or did you stop for some other reason? IF DELIBERATELY STOPPED TO BECOME PREGNANT, ASK: How many months did it take you to get pregnant after you stopped using (METHOD)? AND ENTER '0' IN EACH SUCH MONTH IN COLUMN 1. For women who are currently using a contraceptive method, FPCURNOMO (V337) reports the number of months they have been continuously using their current method. Starting in Phase II, there are differences in the way these data are reported between Model "A" and Model "B" countries, due to the inclusion of a detailed calendar of events in the five years preceding the interview in Model "A" questionnaires. For Model "B" questionnaires, any response greater than 8 years is topcoded at "96." However, for Model "A" questionnaires, the maximum duration of use that could be recorded is the entire length of the calendar (i.e., 5 years). 000 0 months 001 1 month 002 2 months 003 3 months 004 4 months 005 5 months 006 6 months 007 7 months 008 8 months 009 9 months 010 10 months 011 11 months 012 12 months 013 13 months 014 14 months 015 15 months 016 16 months 017 17 months 018 18 months 019 19 months 020 20 months 021 21 months 022 22 months 023 23 months 024 24 months 025 25 months 026 26 months 027 27 months 028 28 months 029 29 months 030 30 months 031 31 months 032 32 months 033 33 months 034 34 months 035 35 months 036 36 months 037 37 months 038 38 months 039 39 months 040 40 months 041 41 months 042 42 months 043 43 months 044 44 months 045 45 months 046 46 months 047 47 months 048 48 months 049 49 months 050 50 months 051 51 months 052 52 months 053 53 months 054 54 months 055 55 months 056 56 months 057 57 months 058 58 months 059 59 months 060 60 months 061 61 months 062 62 months 063 63 months 064 64 months 065 65 months 066 66 months 067 67 months 068 68 months 069 69 months 070 70 months 071 71 months 072 72 months 073 73 months 074 74 months 075 75 months 076 76 months 077 77 months 078 78 months 079 79 months 080 80 months 081 81 months 082 82 months 083 83 months 084 84 months 085 85 months 086 86 months 087 87 months 088 88 months 089 89 months 090 90 months 091 91 months 092 92 months 093 93 months 094 94 months 095 95 months 096 96 or more months 995 All calendar years 996 Inconsistent response 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Last source for FP for current users, detailed 327. Where did you obtain (CURRENT METHOD) the last time? NAME OF PLACE ___ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL OR MEDICAL COLLEGE 11 FAMILY WELFARE CENTRE 12 THANA HEALTH COMPLEX 13 SATELLITE CLINIC OR EPI OUTREACH SITE 14 MATERNAL AND CHILD WELFARE CENTER (MCWC) 15 GOVERNMENT FIELD WORKER (FWA) 16 NGO SECTOR NGO STATIC CLINIC 21 NGO SATELLITE CLINIC 22 NGO DEPOT HOLDER 23 NGO FIELDWORKER 24 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC 31 QUALIFIED DOCTOR 32 TRADITIONAL DOCTOR 33 PHARMACY 34 OTHER PRIVATE SECTOR SHOP 41 FRIEND OR RELATIVES 42 OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 DON'T KNOW 98 For women who are currently using a modern method of contraception, FPLASTSRCD (V326) reports the type of facility that was the source of the last contraceptive method used by the woman. Response categories vary across samples. See Comparability. 6903 Community center 3306 Institute for Family Health (IFH) 3180 International Rescue Committee (IRC) 0000 NO ONE 1000 PUBLIC SECTOR 1100 Government hospital 1110 National hospital 1111 Referral/specialty hospital 1112 National/central hospital 1113 Military hospital 1114 Day hospital 1120 Provincial/regional hospital 1130 Urban hospital 1140 District/rural hospital 1141 District hospital 1142 Rural hospital 1150 Category I hospital 1160 Category II hospital 1170 University/teaching hospital 1171 University hospital 1172 Teaching hospital 1200 Government health center 1210 Referral health center 1220 Community health center 1230 Urban health center 1240 Rural health center 1250 Basic health center 1260 Integrated health center 1270 Primary health center 1280 Family welfare center 1300 Government family planning clinic 1310 Stand-alone family planning clinic 1320 Mobile family planning clinic 1330 Family planning clinic CBD 1400 Government outreach 1410 Government health post 1411 Village health post 1412 Sub-center 1413 Sub-health post 1420 Government mobile clinic 1421 Mobile PHC clinic 1430 Government health professional 1431 Doctor 1432 Nurse 1433 Paramedic 1440 Government health worker 1434 Community-based distributor (CBD) 1435 Health surveillance assistant (HSA) 1436 Male mobilizer 1437 Accredited social health activist (ASHA) 1438 Vaidya/hakim/homeopath 1450 Government outreach clinic 1451 Primary health care outreach clinic 1452 Satellite clinic/EPI outreach 1453 Community clinic 1454 Rural/municipal clinic 1460 Camp 1470 Household visit 1500 Government maternity home 1510 Maternal and child health (MCH) center 1520 Rural maternity 1530 Anganwadi/ICDS center 1600 Government pharmacy/dispensary 1610 Government pharmacy 1611 Community pharmacy 1620 Government dispensary 1900 Other public 1901 Clinic 1902 Curative care organization 1903 Health home 1904 Health office 1905 Health insurance organization 1906 Parastatal health facility 1907 Youth center 2000 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR 2100 Private hospital/clinic 2110 Private hospital 2111 Private specialty hospital 2112 Private district hospital 2113 Private university hospital 2120 Private clinic 2121 Private polyclinic 2122 Private clinic 2200 Private pharmacy/dispensary/drug store 2210 Private pharmacy 2220 Private dispensary 2230 Private chemist/drug store 2231 Private chemist 2232 Private drug store 2240 Private mobile drug vendor 2300 Private doctor's office 2310 Qualified doctor 2320 Traditional/unqualified doctor 2330 Private practice 2331 Private care room 2332 Private infirmiry 2400 Private outreach 2410 Private mobile clinic 2420 Private health worker 2421 Private field worker 2422 Private community/village health worker 2423 Private community-based distributor 2424 Private paramedic 2425 Private hakim/homeopath 2426 Private traditional healer 2427 Private traditional birth attendant (TBA) 2428 Private nurse 2500 Private health center 2600 Private family planning clinic 2610 Injectables outlet 2700 Private maternity home 2900 Other private medical 2901 Tent 2902 VCT center 3000 NGO SECTOR 3100 NGO health facility 3110 Static clinic 3120 Satellite clinic 3130 Marie Stopes facility 3131 Banja la Mtsogolo (BLM) 3140 Red Cross facility 3150 UN Relief and Works Agency facility 3160 Adventist Development and Relief Agency (ADRA) 3170 Population Services International (PSI) 3200 NGO health worker 3210 Depot holder 3220 Field worker 3230 Community-based distributor 3300 Country-specific NGO 3301 Amo-Congo 3302 Clinical Services Improvement (CSI) 3303 Malawi AIDS Counselling and Resource Organization (MACRO) 3304 Myanmar Medical Association (MMA) 3305 United Mission to Nepal (UMN) 3900 Other NGO 4000 RELIGIOUS/MISSION 4100 Religious hospital/clinic 4110 Religious hospital 4111 Religious referral/specialty hospital 4112 Religious district hospital 4120 Religious clinic 4200 Religious health center/dispensary 4210 Religious health center 4211 Mosque health center 4212 Church health center 4220 Religious dispensary 4300 Religious outreach 4310 Religious health post 4320 Religious mobile clinic 4330 Religious health worker 4331 Religious field worker 4900 Other religious 5000 UNSPECIFIED MEDICAL SECTOR 5100 Pharmacy/dispensary 5110 Pharmacy 5120 Dispensary 5200 Outreach 5210 Mobile clinic 5220 Health worker 5221 Field worker 5222 Traditional healer 5223 Health educator 5224 Peer educators 5230 Outreach clinic 5900 Other unspecified medical sector 5901 Media campaign 6000 OTHER 6100 Shop/market 6110 Shop 6111 General dealer 6112 Supermarket/tuck shop 6113 Supermarket 6114 Tuck shop 6120 Market 6130 Kiosk 6140 Gas station 6150 Other retail 6200 Church/mosque 6300 Friend/relative 6310 Friend 6320 Relative 6321 Partner 6400 Bar/nightclub/hotel 6410 Bar/nightclub 6411 Bar 6420 Hotel 6500 Workplace 6510 Respondent's workplace 6520 Partner's workplace 6600 Informal channels 6610 Drug vendor 6620 Support group 6630 Women's sittings 6700 Location for adolescents 6710 Youth center 6720 School 6900 Other facility 6901 Refugee camp 6902 Charity/foundation 9994 Abroad 9995 Other 9996 Inconsistent 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Last source for FP for current users, standardized 327. Where did you obtain (CURRENT METHOD) the last time? NAME OF PLACE ___ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL OR MEDICAL COLLEGE 11 FAMILY WELFARE CENTRE 12 THANA HEALTH COMPLEX 13 SATELLITE CLINIC OR EPI OUTREACH SITE 14 MATERNAL AND CHILD WELFARE CENTER (MCWC) 15 GOVERNMENT FIELD WORKER (FWA) 16 NGO SECTOR NGO STATIC CLINIC 21 NGO SATELLITE CLINIC 22 NGO DEPOT HOLDER 23 NGO FIELDWORKER 24 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC 31 QUALIFIED DOCTOR 32 TRADITIONAL DOCTOR 33 PHARMACY 34 OTHER PRIVATE SECTOR SHOP 41 FRIEND OR RELATIVES 42 OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 DON'T KNOW 98 For women using a modern method of contraception, FPLASTSRCS (V327) reports the type of facility that was the source of the last contraceptive method used by the woman. This variable was constructed by recoding country-specific responses into a few standard categories that are consistent across samples. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Missing 97 Don't know 07 Other 06 Church, Shop, friends, books 05 Private Pharmacy 04 Private Clin/Deliv 03 NGO 02 Govt Home/Comm delivery 01 Govt Clinic/Pharm Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Brand of Pills currently used 312A. May I see the package of pills that you are using now? RECORD NAME OF BRAND IF PACKAGE IS SEEN PACKAGE SEEN 1 (GO TO 318) BRAND NAME ___ PACKAGE NOT SEEN 2 For women who are currently using the Pill, FPPILLBRAND (V323) reports the brand name of the Pill that the respondent currently uses. 4203 Emkit 3112 Triella 2215 TriNovum 2114 Stediril 1241 Rigevidon 1240 Brevinor 1239 Lusiaf 1129 Yasmin 1128 Triquilar 1127 Trinordial 2113 " 1242 NewFem 1000 LOW-DOSE PILLS 1100 International brands 1101 Adepal 1102 Choice 1103 Cilest 1104 Combination-3 1105 Confidence 1106 Diane 1107 Duofem 1108 Eugynon 1109 Famila 28 1110 Femicon 1111 Gracial 1112 Lo-femenal 1113 Logynon 1114 Marvelon 1115 Microgynon 1116 Minidril 1117 Miniphase 1118 Nordette 1119 Norminest 1120 Norquest 1121 Novodol 1122 Oralcon F 1123 Ortho-Novum 1124 Pilplan 1125 Planif 1126 Planyl 1200 Country-specific brands 1201 Nogestol 1202 Desolon 1203 Femipill 1204 Maya 1205 Noret-28 1206 Ovacon 1207 Shuki 1208 Harmonie (PSI) 1209 Varnoline 1210 Microcept 1211 Microvlar 1212 Triocept 1213 Trivolar 1214 Style/Trigestrel 1215 Secure 1216 Microlite 1217 Apsara 1218 Ecroz 1219 Mala-D 1220 Mala-N 1221 Novelon 1222 Ovral L 1223 Pearl 1224 Anteovin 1225 Belara 1226 Gracial 1227 Loestrin 1228 Mawelon 1229 Norimin 1230 Femiplan 1231 Conova 30 1232 Trigynon 1233 OK pills 1234 Sure 1235 Feminyl 1236 Nilocon White 1237 Sunaulo Gulaf 1900 Unspecified low-dose pills 2000 HIGH-DOSE PILLS 2100 International brands 2101 Anovlar 2102 Gynovlar 2103 Lyndiol 2104 Microgynon 30 ED 2105 Milli Anovlar 2106 Neogynon 2107 Neogynon ED 2108 Nordiol 2109 Norquentiel 2110 Ovidon 2111 Ovral 2112 Ovulen 50 2200 Country-specific brands 2201 Combination-5 2202 Lynes 2203 Ovostat 2204 Regumen 2205 Novell-duo 2206 Gynera 2207 Primovlar 2208 Duoluton-L 2209 Ovral G 2210 Progyluton 2211 Gynovlane 2212 Ovanon 2213 Ovidon 2214 Triphasit 2900 Unspecified high-dose pill 3000 PROGESTIN-ONLY PILLS 3100 International brands 3101 Exluton/Lynestrenol 3102 Femulen 3103 Microlut 3104 Micronor 3105 Micronovum 3106 Microval 3107 " 3108 Minovlar 3109 Noriday 3110 Ovrette 3111 Safe Plan 3200 Country-specific brands 3201 Bredicon 3202 Minicon 3203 Levonor 3204 Hyan 3205 I-plan 3206 Primolut N 3207 Cerazette 3208 Planor 3209 Softsure 4000 EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTION 4100 International brands 4200 Country-specific brands 4201 Gravistal 4202 Postinor 4900 Unspecified emergency contraception 5000 NON-HORMONAL PILLS 5100 International brands 5200 Country-specific brands 5201 Centron 5202 Saheli 6000 UNSPECIFIED/UNKNOWN PILLS 6100 International brands 6101 Today (sponge) 6200 Country-specific brands 6201 Khoshi 6202 Aco 6203 Cotrablan 6204 Microvior 30 6205 Stero 6206 Blue 6207 Hot 6208 Kamal (foam) 6209 N/M tablets 6210 Nofian 6211 Period oil 6212 Sacharin 6213 Skill 6214 Moti 6215 Subitha 6216 Fingers 6217 Sutura 6218 Menstrogen (injection) 6219 Norvolain 6220 Flexi P 6221 Marutton 6900 Other unspecified/unknown pills 6901 Unspecified private brand 6902 Unspecified public brand 6903 Unspecified social marketing brand 9995 Other 9996 Not able to show 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Shown pill package 312A. May I see the package of pills that you are using now? RECORD NAME OF BRAND IF PACKAGE IS SEEN PACKAGE SEEN 1 (GO TO 318) BRAND NAME ___ PACKAGE NOT SEEN 2 For women who are currently using the Pill as a method of family planning, FPPILLPACK (V372) indicates whether the package of pills currently being used was seen by the interviewer. 0 Package not seen 1 Package seen 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS First FP method ever used 306A. Now I would like to ask you about the first time that you did something or used a method to avoid getting pregnant. What was the first method that you ever used? FEMALE STERILIZATION 01 MALE STERILIZATION 02 PILL 03 IUD 04 INJECTIONS 05 IMPLANTS 06 CONDOM 07 PERIODIC ABSTINENCE 09 WITHDRAWAL 10 LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD 11 OTHER METHOD (SPECIFY) 96 FP1METH (V369) reports the first family planning method the woman used. Responses are grouped into broad categories of "never used," "modern methods," "traditional methods," and "other methods," each beginning with a different first digit; specific methods within categories are distinguished by the second and third digits. Women who never used contraception are coded 0. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 998 Missing 300 OTHER METHOD, UNSPECIFIED 230 Other traditional/folkloric 220 Withdrawal 212 Abstinence 211 Periodic abstinence 210 Periodic abstinence or abstinence 200 TRADITIONAL METHODS 131 Prolonged breastfeeding 130 Lactational amenorrhea (LAM) 120 Diaphragn/Foam/Jelly 108 Male sterilization 107 Female sterilization 106 Female condom 105 Condom 104 Implants/Norplant 103 Injections 102 IUD 101 Pill 100 MODERN METHODS 000 Never used 999 NIU (not in universe) First use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Number living children at first use of FP (grouped) 307. How many living children did you have at that time, if any? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. NUMBER OF CHILDREN ___ FP1STUSGPKID (V311) reports the number of living children, if any, the woman had when she first used a contraceptive method, with the number top-coded at 4+ children. FP1STUSLVKID reports responses to the same question, without top-coding the answers. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4+ 7 Inconsistent number reported 8 Missing 9 Never used FP First use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Number living children at first use of FP 307. How many living children did you have at that time, if any? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. NUMBER OF CHILDREN ___ FP1STUSLVKID (V310) reports the number of living children the woman had the first time she used a contraceptive method. The same information is also reported in FP1STUSGPKID, except responses are top-coded at 4+ children in that variable and women who have never used contraception are coded as "9." 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 96 Inconsistent 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) First use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS FP current use or future intention 319. I would like to ask you some questions about the times you or your partner may have used a method to avoid getting pregnant during the last few years. USE CALENDAR TO PROBE FOR EARLIER PERIOD OF USE AND NONUSE, STARTING WITH MORE RECENT USE, BACK TO APRIL 1994 (BAISHAK 1401). USE NAMES OF CHILDREN, DATES OF BIRTH, AND PERIODS OF PREGNANCY AS REFERENCE POINTS. IN COLUMN 1, ENTER METHOD OF USE CODE OR '0' FOR NONUSE IN EACH BLANK MONTH. ILLUSTRATIVE QUESTIONS FOR COLUMN 1: When was the last time you used a method? Which method was that? When did you start using that method? How long after the birth of (NAME)? How long did you use the method then? IN COLUMN 2, ENTER METHOD SOURCE CODE IN FIRST MONTH OF EACH USE. ILLUSTRATIVE QUESTIONS FOR COLUMN 2: Where did you obtain the method when you started using it? Where did you get advice on how to use the method (for LAM, rhythm, or withdrawal)? IN COLUMN 3, ENTER CODES FOR DISCONTINUATION NEXT TO LAST MONTH OF USE. NUMBER OF CODES IN COLUMN 3 MUST BE THE SAME AS NUMBER OF INTERRUPTIONS OF METHOD USE IN COLUMN 1. ASK WHY SHE STOPPED USING THE METHOD. IF A PREGNANCY FOLLOWED, ASK WHETHER SHE BECAME PREGNANT UNINTENTIONALLY WHILE USING THE METHOD OR DELIBERATELY STOPPED TO GET PREGNANT. ILLUSTRATIVE QUESTION FOR COLUMN 3: Why did you stop using the (METHOD)? Did you become pregnant while using (METHOD), or did you stop to get pregnant, or did you stop for some other reason? IF DELIBERATELY STOPPED TO BECOME PREGNANT, ASK: How many months did it take you to get pregnant after you stopped using (METHOD)? AND ENTER '0' IN EACH SUCH MONTH IN COLUMN 1. FPUSINTENT (V364) is a constructed variable drawing on responses to multiple survey questions that divides women into the following categories: those who are currently using a contraceptive method (either modern or traditional); those who are not now using contraception but intend to do so in the future; those who are neither using contraception now nor intend to do so in the future; and (in a minority of samples) those who never had sex. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. IPUMS-DHS users are encouraged to review FPMETHNOW and FPUSPLAN for additional information on the variables used to construct FPUSINTENT. 1 Using modern method 2 Using traditional method 3 Non-user intending to use 4 Does not intend to use 9 NIU (not in universe) 5 Never had sex Future use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Intention to use FP in future 610. Do you think you will use a method to delay or avoid pregnancy at any time in the future? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 612) DON'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 612) FPUSPLAN (V362) is a constructed variable based on multiple survey questions that reports, for women not currently using contraception, whether the woman intends to use contraception in the future and, if so, when she intends to begin use (in the next 12 months or later). Women uncertain about future contraceptive use are subdivided into those who are unsure about using a method and those unsure about the timing of planned future use. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 10 Will use in future 11 Use in next 12 months 12 Use later 20 Unsure about future use 21 Unsure about timing 22 Unsure about use 30 Does not intend to use 40 Never had sex 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Future use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Preferred future FP method 611. Which method would you prefer to use? FEMALE STERILIZATION 01 (GO TO 614) MALE STERILIZATION 02 (GO TO 614) PILL 03 (GO TO 614) IUD 04 (GO TO 614) INJECTIONS 05 (GO TO 614) IMPLANTS 06 (GO TO 614) CONDOM 07 (GO TO 614) PERIODIC ABSTINENCE 09 (GO TO 614) WITHDRAWAL 10 (GO TO 614) LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD 11 (GO TO 614) OTHER METHOD (SPECIFY) 96 (GO TO 614) UNSURE 98 (GO TO 614) For women not currently using a contraceptive method but intending to do so in the future, FPMETHFUTR (V363) reports the family planning method the woman would prefer to use. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. Answers are grouped under the broad categories of "modern methods," "traditional methods," and "other methods," each with a different first digit. Specific methods are distinguished by the second and third digits. Closely related responses, such as various groupings of diaphragm/foam/jelly, share the first 2 digits in common, while the third digit distinguishes the exact response category. 999 NIU (not in universe) 998 Missing 997 Inconsistent 304 Specific method 4 303 Specific method 3 302 Specific method 2 301 Specific method 1 300 Other method, unspecified 234 Traditional medications 233 Astrology 232 Gris-gris/amulet 231 Herbs 230 Other traditional/folkloric 220 Withdrawal 212 Abstinence 211 Periodic abstinence 210 Abstinence or periodic abstinence 200 TRADITIONAL METHODS 160 Whatever doctor prescribes 150 Other modern methods 140 Emergency contraception 131 Prolonged breastfeeding 130 Lactational amenorrhea (LAM) 126 Vaginal methods 125 Foaming tablets 124 Foam or jelly 123 Diaphragm/Jelly 122 Diaphragm/Foam 121 Diaphragm 120 Diaphragm/Foam/Jelly 108 Male sterilization 107 Female sterilization 106 Female condom 105 Condom 104 Norplant/implants 103 Injections 102 IUD 101 Pill 100 MODERN METHODS 213 CycleBeads/Standard days method 214 Mucus method (periodic abstinence) 235 Knotted cord/strings 236 Charm from traditional spiritual leader 996 Don't know Future use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use any type of FP (folk, traditional, modern) 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Has your husband ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. YES 1 NO 2 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. YES 1 NO 2 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. YES 1 NO 2 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. YES 1 NO 2 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. YES 1 NO 2 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSE (V302) is a constructed variable that reports whether the woman had ever used a family planning method and, if so, whether she had used a modern contraceptive method or only a traditional or folkloric method. In the DHS, modern methods are pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. 00 Never used 10 Used only traditional or folkloric method 11 Used only traditional method 12 Used only folkloric method 20 Used modern method Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use Pill for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Has your husband ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. YES 1 NO 2 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. YES 1 NO 2 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. YES 1 NO 2 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. YES 1 NO 2 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. YES 1 NO 2 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSPILL (V305_01) indicates whether the woman has ever used the pill to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use IUD for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Has your husband ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. YES 1 NO 2 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. YES 1 NO 2 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. YES 1 NO 2 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. YES 1 NO 2 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. YES 1 NO 2 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSIUD (V305_02) indicates whether the woman had ever used an IUD to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use injectable for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Has your husband ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. YES 1 NO 2 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. YES 1 NO 2 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. YES 1 NO 2 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. YES 1 NO 2 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. YES 1 NO 2 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSINJ (V305_03) indicates whether the woman has ever used injectable contraception to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use condom for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Has your husband ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. YES 1 NO 2 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. YES 1 NO 2 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. YES 1 NO 2 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. YES 1 NO 2 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. YES 1 NO 2 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSCON (V305_05) indicates whether the woman had ever used the male condom to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use female sterilization for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Has your husband ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. YES 1 NO 2 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. YES 1 NO 2 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. YES 1 NO 2 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. YES 1 NO 2 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. YES 1 NO 2 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSFST (V305_06) indicates whether the woman had ever used female sterilization to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use withdrawal for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Has your husband ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. YES 1 NO 2 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. YES 1 NO 2 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. YES 1 NO 2 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. YES 1 NO 2 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. YES 1 NO 2 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSWD (V305_09) indicates whether the woman has ever used withdrawal to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use rhythm for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Has your husband ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. YES 1 NO 2 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. YES 1 NO 2 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. YES 1 NO 2 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. YES 1 NO 2 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. YES 1 NO 2 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSRHY (V305_08) indicates whether the woman had ever used rhythm (periodic abstinence) to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use male sterilization for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Has your husband ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. YES 1 NO 2 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. YES 1 NO 2 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. YES 1 NO 2 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. YES 1 NO 2 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. YES 1 NO 2 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSMST (V305_07) indicates whether the woman had ever used male sterilization to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use implants/Norplant for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Has your husband ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. YES 1 NO 2 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. YES 1 NO 2 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. YES 1 NO 2 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. YES 1 NO 2 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. YES 1 NO 2 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSIMP (V305_11) indicates whether the woman had ever used implants (such as Norplant) to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use female condom for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Has your husband ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. YES 1 NO 2 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. YES 1 NO 2 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. YES 1 NO 2 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. YES 1 NO 2 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. YES 1 NO 2 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSFC (V305_14) indicates whether the woman had ever used the female condom to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use Lactational amenorrhea method for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Has your husband ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. YES 1 NO 2 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. YES 1 NO 2 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. YES 1 NO 2 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. YES 1 NO 2 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. YES 1 NO 2 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSLAM (V305_13) indicates whether the woman had ever used the lactational amenorrhea method (LAM) to delay or avoid a pregnancy. The complementary variable FPKNOLAM indicates whether the woman knew about LAM as a method for family planning. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use other methods for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Has your husband ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. YES 1 NO 2 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. YES 1 NO 2 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. YES 1 NO 2 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. YES 1 NO 2 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. YES 1 NO 2 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSOM (V305_10) indicates whether the woman has ever used other methods to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Reason regrets sterilization 315B. Why do you regret it? RESPONDENT WANTS ANOTHER CHILD 1 PARTNER WANTS ANOTHER CHILD 2 SIDE EFFECTS 3 CHILD DIED 4 OTHER REASON (SPECIFY) 6 For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERREG (V618) reports the reason (if any) they regret getting sterilized. 00 No regret 01 Respondent wants a(nother) child 02 Partner wants a(nother) child 03 Side effects 04 Child died 05 Marital status changed 06 Operation failed 95 Other reason 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Age at sterilization (grouped) 316. In what month and year was the sterilization operation performed? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERILAGE (V320) reports their age at the time of their sterilization operation. 7 50 - 54 years old 1 Less than 25 years old 2 25 - 29 years old 3 30 - 34 years old 4 35 - 39 years old 5 40 - 44 years old 6 45 - 49 years old 9 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Parity at sterilization 316. In what month and year was the sterilization operation performed? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERILPAR (V322) reports the parity of the women at the time of their sterilization, top-coded at 5+ children. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 or more 9 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Marital duration at time of sterilization 316. In what month and year was the sterilization operation performed? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERMARDUR (V321) reports, in 5-year groups, the women's marital duration at the time of their sterilization. 0 Single, before marriage 1 0 - 4 years 2 5 - 9 years 3 10 - 14 years 4 15 - 19 years 5 20 - 24 years 6 25 - 29 years 9 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Years since sterilization 316. In what month and year was the sterilization operation performed? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERYRAGO (V319) reports the number of years since their sterilization operation, using 2-year groups, top-coded at 10+ years. 1 Less than 2 years 2 2 - 3 years 3 4 - 5 years 4 6 - 7 years 5 8 - 9 years 6 10 or more years 9 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Date when sterilized (CMC) 316. In what month and year was the sterilization operation performed? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERILDTCMC reports the century month code (CMC) for the date of their sterilization. 9999 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Month of sterilization 316. In what month and year was the sterilization operation performed? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERILMO reports the calendar month of their sterilization. The calendar year of their sterilization is reported in FPSTERILYR. 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 99 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Year when sterilized 316. In what month and year was the sterilization operation performed? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERILYR reports the calendar year of their sterilization. The calendar month of their sterilization is reported in FPSTERILMO. 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 9999 NIU (not in universe) 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information - date of sterilization 316. In what month and year was the sterilization operation performed? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERCOMP reports the completeness of information about the date of their sterilization. 1 Month and year given 5 Month imputed, year given 6 Month given, year imputed (date placed) 7 No information given (date placed) 8 From calendar 9 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Visited by family planning worker in past 12 months 334A. During the last six months has anyone visited you in your house to talk to you about family planning or to give you any family planning method? IF YES: Who came? Anyone else? WRITE THE NAME AND WORKER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER OF THE FIELD WORKER. NAME ___ IDENTIFICATION NUMBER ___ GOVERNMENT FP WORKER A GOVERNMENT HEALTH WORKER B NGO WORKER C NO ONE Y (GO TO 335A) FPHOMVISITY (V393) indicates whether the woman was visited by a health worker who talked to her about family planning in the 12 months preceding the interview. 8 Missing 1 Yes 0 No 9 NIU (not in universe) 7 Don't know Information on family planning Variables -- TOPICS Heard FP message on radio 619. In the last month have you heard about family planning: On the radio? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 On the television? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 In a newspaper or magazine? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 From a poster of billboard? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 From a leaflet? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 From a community events? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 FPRADIOHR (V384A) indicates whether the woman heard family planning message(s) on the radio in the last few months. Some samples specify other periods of time. See Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, only once 12 Yes, more than once 98 Missing 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) Information on family planning Variables -- TOPICS Heard FP message on TV recently 619. In the last month have you heard about family planning: On the radio? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 On the television? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 In a newspaper or magazine? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 From a poster of billboard? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 From a leaflet? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 From a community events? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 FPTVHR (V384B) indicates whether the woman heard family planning message(s) on television in the last few months. Some samples specify other periods of time. See Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Information on family planning Variables -- TOPICS Saw FP message in brochure or pamphlet 619. In the last month have you heard about family planning: On the radio? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 On the television? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 In a newspaper or magazine? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 From a poster of billboard? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 From a leaflet? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 From a community events? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 FPBROCHHR (V384E) indicates whether the woman has recently seen family planning messages in a leaflet, pamphlet, or brochure. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Information on family planning Variables -- TOPICS Heard FP message in newspaper/magazine 619. In the last month have you heard about family planning: On the radio? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 On the television? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 In a newspaper or magazine? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 From a poster of billboard? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 From a leaflet? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 From a community events? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 FPNEWSHR (V384C) indicates whether the woman has recently seen family planning messages in a newspaper or magazine. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Information on family planning Variables -- TOPICS Seen FP message on poster or pamphlet 619. In the last month have you heard about family planning: On the radio? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 On the television? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 In a newspaper or magazine? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 From a poster of billboard? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 From a leaflet? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 From a community events? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 FPPOSTHR indicates whether the woman has recently seen family planning messages on a poster. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Information on family planning Variables -- TOPICS Heard about family planning: Community meetings 619. In the last month have you heard about family planning: On the radio? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 On the television? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 In a newspaper or magazine? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 From a poster of billboard? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 From a leaflet? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 From a community events? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 FPCOMMHR indicates whether the woman has recently seen family planning messages at a community event or meeting. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Information on family planning Variables -- TOPICS Why not using FP to avoid pregnancy 607. CHECK 602: WANTS A OR ANOTHER CHILD(REN): You said that you do not want (a or another) child soon, but you are not using any method to avoid pregnancy. Can you tell me why? WANTS NO MORE CHILDREN: You have said that you do not want any (more) children, but you are not using any method to avoid pregnancy. Can you tell me why? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. FERTILITY-RELATED REASONS NOT HAVING SEX A INFREQUENT SEX B MENOPAUSAL OR HYSTERECTOMY C SUB FECUND OR INFECUND D POSTPARTUM AMENORRHEIC E BREASTFEEDING F FATALISTIC G OPPOSITION TO USE RESPONDENT OPPOSED H HUSBAND OPPOSED I OTHERS OPPOSED J RELIGIOUS PROHIBITION K LACK OF KNOWLEDGE KNOWS NO METHOD L KNOWS NO SOURCE M METHOD-RELATED REASONS HEALTH CONCERNS N REAR OF SIDE EFFECTS O LACK OF ACCESS OR TOO FAR P COST TOO MUCH Q INCONVENIENT TO USE R INTERFERES WITH BODY'S NORMAL PROCESSES S OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z For women who are not now using a contraceptive method and are not pregnant, FPYNOTUS (V375A) reports why the woman is not using family planning to avoid pregnancy. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. Responses are grouped into broad categories of "not married,' "other low fertility risk," "wants children," "opposition to use," "lack of knowledge," "method-related," and "other," each beginning with a different first digit; subcategories under these broad headings are distinguished by the second digit. 10 NOT MARRIED 11 Not married 12 Not intending to marry 13 Separated from partner 14 Widowed 20 OTHER LOW FERTILITY RISK 21 Not having sex 22 Infrequent sex 23 Menopausal or hysterectomy 24 Subfecund, infecund 25 Postpartum, breastfeeding 26 Pregnant 27 Too young (not having periods) 30 WANTS CHILDREN 31 Wants more children 32 Fatalistic 40 OPPOSITION TO USE 41 Respondent opposed 42 Husband opposed 43 Others opposed 44 Religious prohib 45 Cultural taboo 50 LACK OF KNOWLEDGE 51 Knows no method 52 Knows no source 53 Rumors 60 METHOD-RELATED 61 Health concerns 62 Fear side effects 63 Lack of access 64 Cost too much 65 Inconvenient to use 66 Interfere with body 70 OTHER 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Why not use family planning Variables -- TOPICS Why not intend to use FP in future 612. What is the main reason that you will not use a method at any time in the future? FERTILITY-RELATED REASONS NOT HAVING SEX 11 INFREQUENT SEX 12 MENOPAUSAL OR HYSTERECTOMY 13 SUB FECUND OR INFECUND 14 POSTPARTUM AMENORRHEIC 15 BREASTFEEDING 16 FATALISTIC 17 OPPOSITION TO USE RESPONDENT OPPOSED 21 HUSBAND OPPOSED 22 OTHERS OPPOSED 23 RELIGIOUS PROHIBITION 24 LACK OF KNOWLEDGE KNOWS NO METHOD 31 KNOWS NO SOURCE 32 METHOD-RELATED REASONS HEALTH CONCERNS 41 REAR OF SIDE EFFECTS 42 LACK OF ACCESS OR TOO FAR 43 COST TOO MUCH 45 INCONVENIENT TO USE 46 INTERFERES WITH BODY'S NORMAL PROCESSES 47 OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 DON'T KNOW 98 For women not now using a contraceptive method and not intending to do so in the future, FPYNOTFUS (V376) reports the reason the woman doesn't intend to use family planning in the future. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. Responses are grouped into the following broad categories, each with a different first digit: not married, other low fertility risk, wants children, opposition to use, lack of knowledge, method-related, and other. Specific responses within these categories are distinguished by the second digit of the codes. 10 NOT MARRIED 11 Not married 12 Not intending to marry 13 Inconsistent says not married 20 OTHER LOW FERTILITY RISK 21 Not having sex 22 Infrequent sex 23 Menopausal or hysterectomy 24 Subfecund, infecund 25 Postpartum, breastfeeding 26 Husband ill or subfecund 30 WANTS CHILDREN 31 Wants more children 32 Wants son 33 Wants daughter 34 Fatalistic 35 Wants as many children as possible 40 OPPOSITION TO USE 41 Respondent opposed 42 Husband opposed/makes decision on FP 43 Others opposed 44 Religious prohibition 45 Cultural taboos 46 Rumors 50 LACK OF KNOWLEDGE 51 Knows no method 52 Knows no source 60 METHOD-RELATED 61 Health concerns 62 Fear side effects 63 Lack of access 64 Cost too much 65 Inconvenient to use 66 Interfere with body 67 Sterilization concerns 70 OTHER 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Why not use family planning Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Pill SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPTYPPILL (V304A_01) reports whether the Pill is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPPILL (V304A_01) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 9 NIU (not in universe) 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: IUD SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPTYPIUD (V304A_02) reports whether the intrauterine device (IUD) is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPIUD (V304A_02) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 9 NIU (not in universe) 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Injectables SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPTYPINJ (V304A_03) reports whether injectable contraception is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPINJ (V304A_03) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 9 NIU (not in universe) 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Condom SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPTYPCON (V304A_05) reports whether the male condom is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPCON (V304A_05) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 9 NIU (not in universe) 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Female sterilization SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPTYPFST (V304A_06) reports whether female sterilization is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPFST (V304A_06) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 9 NIU (not in universe) 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Male sterilization SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPTYPMST (V304A_07) reports whether male sterilization is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPMST (V304A_07) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 9 NIU (not in universe) 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Rhythm method SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPTYPRHY (V304A_08) reports whether the rhythm method (periodic abstinence) is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the standard DHS recode manuals, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. In some cases, however, there are exceptions to this organization; see Comparability. Additionally, while FPTYPRHY (V304A_08) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Withdrawal SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPTYPWD (V304A_09) reports whether withdrawal is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the standard DHS recode manuals, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. In some cases, however, there are exceptions to this organization; see Comparability. Additionally, while FPTYPWD (V304A_09) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Implants or norplants SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPTYPIMP (V304A_11) reports whether the contraceptive implant (such as Norplant) is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPIMP (V304A_11) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Abstinence SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPTYPABS (V304A_12) reports whether abstinence is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. In some cases, however, there are exceptions to this organization; see Comparability. Additionally, while FPTYPABS and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Lactational amenorrhea (prolonged breastfeeding) SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPTYPLAM (V304A_13) reports whether the lactational amenorrhea method (LAM) is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. How lactational amenorrhea was characterized varies across samples; see Comparability and Codes. In the standard DHS recode manuals, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. In some cases, however, there are exceptions to this organization; see Comparability. Additionally, while FPTYPLAM (V304A_13) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Female condom SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPTYPFC (V304A_14) reports whether the female condom is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. In some cases, however, there are exceptions to this organization; see Comparability. Additionally, while FPTYPFC (V304A_14) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Foam and jelly SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPTYPFJ (V304A_15) reports whether spermicide, such as foam or jelly, is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. In some cases, however, there are exceptions to this organization; see Comparability. Additionally, while FPTYPFJ (V304A_15) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Other method SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPTYPOM (V304A_10) reports whether any "other" method reported by the woman is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. The meaning of "other" depends on the specific response categories included in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPOM (V304A_10) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Number of times discussed FP with partner in past year 621. How often have you talked to your husband about family planning in the past year? NEVER 1 ONCE OR TWICE 2 MORE OFTEN 8 FPTALKHUSNO (V611) reports the number of the times the woman has recently discussed family planning with her husband/partner. 0 Never 1 Once or twice 2 More often 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 7 Don't know Discussion of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Heard of AIDS SECTION 7. AIDS AND OTHER SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES 701. Now I would like to talk about something else. Have you ever heard of an illness called AIDS? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 718) AIDSHEARD (V751) indicates whether the woman has heard of AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Thinks a healthy-looking person can have AIDS 710. Is it possible for a health-looking person to have the AIDS virus? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 AIDHEALTHY (V756) indicates whether the woman thinks it is possible for a healthy-looking person to have HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Spoke with spouse about avoiding HIV/AIDS 715. Have you ever talked about ways to prevent getting the virus that causes AIDS with your husband? YES 1 NO 2 AIDTALKPAR (V776) indicates whether the woman has spoken with her cohabiting partner or spouse about avoiding AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Knows there are ways to avoid HIV/AIDS 702. Is there anything a person can do to avoid getting AIDS or the virus that causes AIDS? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 710) DON'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 710) AIDPREVENT (V753) indicates whether the respondent believes there are things a person can do to avoid HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks having only 1 sex partner reduces AIDS risk (yes/no) 706. If a person has sex with only one partner, does this person have a greater or a lesser chance of getting AIDS than a person who has sex with many partners? GREATER CHANCE OF AIDS 1 LESSER CHANCE OF AIDS 2 DON'T KNOW 8 AID1PARLOWRYN (V754DP) indicates whether the woman believes having sex with only one partner who has no other sex partners reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. For a similar variable asked as an open-ended question, see AID1PARLOWR (V754D). 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks always using a condom reduces AIDS risk (yes/no) 709. If a person uses a condom every time he or she has sexual intercourse, does this person have a greater or a lesser chance of getting AIDS than someone who does not use a condom? GREATER CHANCE OF AIDS 1 LESSER CHANCE OF AIDS 2 DON'T KNOW 8 AIDCONLOWRYN (V754CP) indicates whether the woman believes using a condom during sex reduces risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. For a similar variable asked as an open-ended question, see AIDCONLOWR (V754C). 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks having only 1 sex partner reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEX A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED INJECTIONS OR USE DISPOSABLE INJECTIONS J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BIRTHS L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AID1PARLOWR (V754D) indicates whether the woman reported that having sex with only one partner reduces risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. For a similar variable using a yes/no question format, see AID1PARLOWRYN (V754DP). 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 7 Don't know 1 Yes 0 No HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks not having sex reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEX A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED INJECTIONS OR USE DISPOSABLE INJECTIONS J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BIRTHS L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDABSTLOWR (V754B) indicates whether the woman reported that abstaining from sex reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. For a similar variable using a yes/no question format, see AIDABSTLOWRYN (V754BP). 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 7 Don't know 1 Yes 0 No HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks always using a condom reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEX A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED INJECTIONS OR USE DISPOSABLE INJECTIONS J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BIRTHS L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDCONLOWR (V754C) indicates whether the woman reported that using a condom during sex reduces risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. For a similar variable using a yes/no question format, see AIDCONLOWRYN (V754CP). 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks avoiding sex with prostitutes reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEX A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED INJECTIONS OR USE DISPOSABLE INJECTIONS J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BIRTHS L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDPROSTLOWR (V754E) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, that avoiding sex with prostitutes reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks avoiding homosexual intercourse reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEX A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED INJECTIONS OR USE DISPOSABLE INJECTIONS J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BIRTHS L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDSAMESEXLOWR (V754F) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, that avoiding homosexual intercourse reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks avoiding blood transfusions lowers AIDS risk (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEX A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED INJECTIONS OR USE DISPOSABLE INJECTIONS J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BIRTHS L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDBLOODLOWR (V754G) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, that avoiding blood transfusions reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks avoiding kissing reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEX A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED INJECTIONS OR USE DISPOSABLE INJECTIONS J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BIRTHS L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDKISSLOWR (V754I) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, that avoiding kissing reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks avoiding mosquito bites reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEX A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED INJECTIONS OR USE DISPOSABLE INJECTIONS J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BIRTHS L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDBITELOWR (V754J) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, that avoiding mosquito bites reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks seeking traditional healing reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEX A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED INJECTIONS OR USE DISPOSABLE INJECTIONS J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BIRTHS L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDHEALLOWR (V754K) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, that seeking protection from a traditional healer reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks avoiding promiscuous partners reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEX A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED INJECTIONS OR USE DISPOSABLE INJECTIONS J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BIRTHS L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDPARLOWR (V754M) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, that avoiding sexual partners who have many other partners reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks no sex with IV drug users reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEX A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED INJECTIONS OR USE DISPOSABLE INJECTIONS J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BIRTHS L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDIVSEXLOWR (V754N) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, that avoiding sex with intravenous drug users reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks not sharing razors with AIDS patients reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEX A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED INJECTIONS OR USE DISPOSABLE INJECTIONS J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BIRTHS L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDSHARPLOWR (V754O) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, that avoiding sharing razors or blades reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks only having sex within marriage reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEX A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED INJECTIONS OR USE DISPOSABLE INJECTIONS J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BIRTHS L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDMARRLOWR indicates whether the respondent reported, in response to an open-ended question, that only having sex within marriage reduces risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks using only new/sterilized needles reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEX A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED INJECTIONS OR USE DISPOSABLE INJECTIONS J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BIRTHS L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDSAFEINJLOWR indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported that using new or sterilized needles (for injections) reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. The related variable AIDINJLOWR indicates whether the respondent reported avoiding injections (regardless of needle cleanliness) as a way to reduce the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks some other response reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEX A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED INJECTIONS OR USE DISPOSABLE INJECTIONS J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BIRTHS L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDOTHLOWR (V754X) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, some "other" way of reducing the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. The meaning of "other" depends on the responses included in a given survey. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Does not know any ways to avoid AIDS 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEX A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED INJECTIONS OR USE DISPOSABLE INJECTIONS J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BIRTHS L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDDKLOWR (V754Z) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, that she did not know any way of reducing the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No, knows ways to avoid AIDS 1 Yes, does not know ways to avoid AIDS 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks someone with multiple sex partners can get HIV/AIDS 705. In your opinion, is there any chance of getting AIDS for a person with multiple sexual partners? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 707) DON'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 707) AIDGETPARTNERS indicates whether the respondent believes it is possible for someone with multiple sex partners to get HIV/AIDS. The related variable AIDTHRUMANYPARS indicates whether the respondent reported, in response to an open-ended question, that sex with many partners was a risk factor for AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Radio 701A. From which sources of information have you learned most about AIDS? Any other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TV B NEWSPAPER OR MAGAZINES C PAMPHLETS OR POSTERS D HEALTH WORKERS E MOSQUES OR TEMPLES OR CHURCHES F SCHOOLS OR TEACHERS G COMMUNITY MEETINGS H FRIENDS OR RELATIVES I WORK PLACE J OTHER (SPECIFY) X AIDSINFORADIO (V752A) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported the radio as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Television 701A. From which sources of information have you learned most about AIDS? Any other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TV B NEWSPAPER OR MAGAZINES C PAMPHLETS OR POSTERS D HEALTH WORKERS E MOSQUES OR TEMPLES OR CHURCHES F SCHOOLS OR TEACHERS G COMMUNITY MEETINGS H FRIENDS OR RELATIVES I WORK PLACE J OTHER (SPECIFY) X AIDSINFOTV (V752B) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported the television as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Newspaper/magazine 701A. From which sources of information have you learned most about AIDS? Any other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TV B NEWSPAPER OR MAGAZINES C PAMPHLETS OR POSTERS D HEALTH WORKERS E MOSQUES OR TEMPLES OR CHURCHES F SCHOOLS OR TEACHERS G COMMUNITY MEETINGS H FRIENDS OR RELATIVES I WORK PLACE J OTHER (SPECIFY) X AIDSINFONEWS (V752C) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported newspapers or magazines as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Posters/brochures/pamphlets 701A. From which sources of information have you learned most about AIDS? Any other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TV B NEWSPAPER OR MAGAZINES C PAMPHLETS OR POSTERS D HEALTH WORKERS E MOSQUES OR TEMPLES OR CHURCHES F SCHOOLS OR TEACHERS G COMMUNITY MEETINGS H FRIENDS OR RELATIVES I WORK PLACE J OTHER (SPECIFY) X AIDSINFOPOSTER (V752D) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported pamphlets, posters, or brochures as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Clinic/Health worker 701A. From which sources of information have you learned most about AIDS? Any other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TV B NEWSPAPER OR MAGAZINES C PAMPHLETS OR POSTERS D HEALTH WORKERS E MOSQUES OR TEMPLES OR CHURCHES F SCHOOLS OR TEACHERS G COMMUNITY MEETINGS H FRIENDS OR RELATIVES I WORK PLACE J OTHER (SPECIFY) X AIDSINFOWKR (V752E) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported a clinic or health worker as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Church/mosque 701A. From which sources of information have you learned most about AIDS? Any other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TV B NEWSPAPER OR MAGAZINES C PAMPHLETS OR POSTERS D HEALTH WORKERS E MOSQUES OR TEMPLES OR CHURCHES F SCHOOLS OR TEACHERS G COMMUNITY MEETINGS H FRIENDS OR RELATIVES I WORK PLACE J OTHER (SPECIFY) X AIDSINFOCHURCH (V752F) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported a church or mosque as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Schools/teachers 701A. From which sources of information have you learned most about AIDS? Any other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TV B NEWSPAPER OR MAGAZINES C PAMPHLETS OR POSTERS D HEALTH WORKERS E MOSQUES OR TEMPLES OR CHURCHES F SCHOOLS OR TEACHERS G COMMUNITY MEETINGS H FRIENDS OR RELATIVES I WORK PLACE J OTHER (SPECIFY) X AIDSINFOSCHOOL (V752G) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported schools or teachers as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Community meetings 701A. From which sources of information have you learned most about AIDS? Any other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TV B NEWSPAPER OR MAGAZINES C PAMPHLETS OR POSTERS D HEALTH WORKERS E MOSQUES OR TEMPLES OR CHURCHES F SCHOOLS OR TEACHERS G COMMUNITY MEETINGS H FRIENDS OR RELATIVES I WORK PLACE J OTHER (SPECIFY) X AIDSINFOCOMM (V752H) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported community meetings as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Friend/relative 701A. From which sources of information have you learned most about AIDS? Any other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TV B NEWSPAPER OR MAGAZINES C PAMPHLETS OR POSTERS D HEALTH WORKERS E MOSQUES OR TEMPLES OR CHURCHES F SCHOOLS OR TEACHERS G COMMUNITY MEETINGS H FRIENDS OR RELATIVES I WORK PLACE J OTHER (SPECIFY) X AIDSINFOFRND (V752I) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported friends or relatives as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Workplace 701A. From which sources of information have you learned most about AIDS? Any other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TV B NEWSPAPER OR MAGAZINES C PAMPHLETS OR POSTERS D HEALTH WORKERS E MOSQUES OR TEMPLES OR CHURCHES F SCHOOLS OR TEACHERS G COMMUNITY MEETINGS H FRIENDS OR RELATIVES I WORK PLACE J OTHER (SPECIFY) X AIDSINFOWORK (V752J) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported her workplace as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Spouse 701A. From which sources of information have you learned most about AIDS? Any other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TV B NEWSPAPER OR MAGAZINES C PAMPHLETS OR POSTERS D HEALTH WORKERS E MOSQUES OR TEMPLES OR CHURCHES F SCHOOLS OR TEACHERS G COMMUNITY MEETINGS H FRIENDS OR RELATIVES I WORK PLACE J OTHER (SPECIFY) X AIDSINFOSPOU indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported her spouse as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Other 701A. From which sources of information have you learned most about AIDS? Any other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TV B NEWSPAPER OR MAGAZINES C PAMPHLETS OR POSTERS D HEALTH WORKERS E MOSQUES OR TEMPLES OR CHURCHES F SCHOOLS OR TEACHERS G COMMUNITY MEETINGS H FRIENDS OR RELATIVES I WORK PLACE J OTHER (SPECIFY) X AIDSINFOOTH (V752X) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported some "other" source as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. The meaning of "other" depends on the specific responses included in a given survey. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Children present during sexual experience questions SECTION 5. MARRIAGE 501. PRESENCE OF OTHERS AT THIS POINT. CHILDREN UNDER 10 YES 1 NO 2 HUSBAND YES 1 NO 2 OTHER MALES YES 1 NO 2 OTHER FEMALES YES 1 NO 2 SXPRESKID (V815A) indicates whether any children under the age of 10 were present when the interviewer asked survey questions regarding the woman's sexual experience. This variable relates to the interviewer's observation and is not asked of the woman respondent directly. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Privacy Variables -- TOPICS Male adult present during sexual experience questions SECTION 5. MARRIAGE 501. PRESENCE OF OTHERS AT THIS POINT. CHILDREN UNDER 10 YES 1 NO 2 HUSBAND YES 1 NO 2 OTHER MALES YES 1 NO 2 OTHER FEMALES YES 1 NO 2 SXPRESMALE (V815B) indicates whether any male adult was present when the interviewer asked survey questions regarding the woman's sexual experience. This variable relates to the interviewer's observation and is not asked of the woman respondent directly. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Privacy Variables -- TOPICS Female adult present during sexual experience questions SECTION 5. MARRIAGE 501. PRESENCE OF OTHERS AT THIS POINT. CHILDREN UNDER 10 YES 1 NO 2 HUSBAND YES 1 NO 2 OTHER MALES YES 1 NO 2 OTHER FEMALES YES 1 NO 2 SXPRESFEM (V815C) indicates whether another female adult was present when the interviewer asked survey questions about the woman's sexual experience. This variable relates to the interviewer's observation and is not asked of the woman respondent directly. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Privacy Variables -- TOPICS Husband present during sexual experience questions SECTION 5. MARRIAGE 501. PRESENCE OF OTHERS AT THIS POINT. CHILDREN UNDER 10 YES 1 NO 2 HUSBAND YES 1 NO 2 OTHER MALES YES 1 NO 2 OTHER FEMALES YES 1 NO 2 SXPRESHUS indicates whether the respondent's husband was present when the interviewer asked survey questions regarding the woman's sexual experience. This variable relates to the interviewer's observation and is not asked of the woman respondent directly. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Privacy Variables -- TOPICS Heard about other STDs 718. (Apart from AIDS), have you heard about (other) infections that can be transmitted through sexual contact? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 721) STIHEARDOTH (V785) indicates whether the woman has heard of any sexually transmitted infection other than AIDS. For a variable that records whether the respondent has heard of AIDS or any other STIs, see STIHEARD (V750). 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 1 Yes 0 No STI knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Had genital ulcer/sore in last 12 months 721. Now I would like to ask you about some health symptoms you yourself may have. During the past 6 months, have you had any of the following problems: 1. Any itching or irritation in vaginal area with discharge? YES 1 NO 2 2. A genital sore or ulcer? YES 1 NO 2 3. A bad odor along with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 4. Severe lower abdominal pain with a discharge, not related with menstruation? YES 1 NO 2 5. A fever along with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 6. Problem with pain or burning while urinating or more frequent or difficult urination? YES 1 NO 2 FOR CURRENTLY MARRIED: 7. Pain in abdomen or vagina during intercourse? YES 1 NO 2 8. Blood after having sex when you are not menstruating? YES 1 NO 2 9. Any other problem with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 STISOREYR (V763B) indicates whether the woman had a sore or genital ulcer in the last 12 months. 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 7 Don't know 1 Yes 0 No STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had abdominal pain with discharge in last 6 months 721. Now I would like to ask you about some health symptoms you yourself may have. During the past 6 months, have you had any of the following problems: 1. Any itching or irritation in vaginal area with discharge? YES 1 NO 2 2. A genital sore or ulcer? YES 1 NO 2 3. A bad odor along with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 4. Severe lower abdominal pain with a discharge, not related with menstruation? YES 1 NO 2 5. A fever along with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 6. Problem with pain or burning while urinating or more frequent or difficult urination? YES 1 NO 2 FOR CURRENTLY MARRIED: 7. Pain in abdomen or vagina during intercourse? YES 1 NO 2 8. Blood after having sex when you are not menstruating? YES 1 NO 2 9. Any other problem with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 STIABPAIN6MO indicates whether the respondent had any severe abdominal pain with discharge (not related to menstruation) in the last 6 months. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had vaginal bleeding after intercourse in last 6 months 721. Now I would like to ask you about some health symptoms you yourself may have. During the past 6 months, have you had any of the following problems: 1. Any itching or irritation in vaginal area with discharge? YES 1 NO 2 2. A genital sore or ulcer? YES 1 NO 2 3. A bad odor along with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 4. Severe lower abdominal pain with a discharge, not related with menstruation? YES 1 NO 2 5. A fever along with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 6. Problem with pain or burning while urinating or more frequent or difficult urination? YES 1 NO 2 FOR CURRENTLY MARRIED: 7. Pain in abdomen or vagina during intercourse? YES 1 NO 2 8. Blood after having sex when you are not menstruating? YES 1 NO 2 9. Any other problem with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 STIBLOODSEX6MO indicates whether the respondent had any vaginal bleeding after sexual intercourse (not related to menstruation) in the last 6 months. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had vaginal itching/irritation with discharge in last 6 months 721. Now I would like to ask you about some health symptoms you yourself may have. During the past 6 months, have you had any of the following problems: 1. Any itching or irritation in vaginal area with discharge? YES 1 NO 2 2. A genital sore or ulcer? YES 1 NO 2 3. A bad odor along with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 4. Severe lower abdominal pain with a discharge, not related with menstruation? YES 1 NO 2 5. A fever along with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 6. Problem with pain or burning while urinating or more frequent or difficult urination? YES 1 NO 2 FOR CURRENTLY MARRIED: 7. Pain in abdomen or vagina during intercourse? YES 1 NO 2 8. Blood after having sex when you are not menstruating? YES 1 NO 2 9. Any other problem with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 STIDISITCH6MO indicates whether the respondent had any vaginal irritation or itching with a discharge in the last 6 months. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had foul smelling discharge in last 6 months 721. Now I would like to ask you about some health symptoms you yourself may have. During the past 6 months, have you had any of the following problems: 1. Any itching or irritation in vaginal area with discharge? YES 1 NO 2 2. A genital sore or ulcer? YES 1 NO 2 3. A bad odor along with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 4. Severe lower abdominal pain with a discharge, not related with menstruation? YES 1 NO 2 5. A fever along with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 6. Problem with pain or burning while urinating or more frequent or difficult urination? YES 1 NO 2 FOR CURRENTLY MARRIED: 7. Pain in abdomen or vagina during intercourse? YES 1 NO 2 8. Blood after having sex when you are not menstruating? YES 1 NO 2 9. Any other problem with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 STIDISSMELL6MO indicates whether the respondent had any foul-smelling (genital) discharge in the last 6 months. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had fever with discharge in last 6 months 721. Now I would like to ask you about some health symptoms you yourself may have. During the past 6 months, have you had any of the following problems: 1. Any itching or irritation in vaginal area with discharge? YES 1 NO 2 2. A genital sore or ulcer? YES 1 NO 2 3. A bad odor along with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 4. Severe lower abdominal pain with a discharge, not related with menstruation? YES 1 NO 2 5. A fever along with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 6. Problem with pain or burning while urinating or more frequent or difficult urination? YES 1 NO 2 FOR CURRENTLY MARRIED: 7. Pain in abdomen or vagina during intercourse? YES 1 NO 2 8. Blood after having sex when you are not menstruating? YES 1 NO 2 9. Any other problem with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 STIFEVDISCH6MO indicates whether the respondent had a fever with (genital) discharge in the last 6 months. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had other discharge in last 6 months 721. Now I would like to ask you about some health symptoms you yourself may have. During the past 6 months, have you had any of the following problems: 1. Any itching or irritation in vaginal area with discharge? YES 1 NO 2 2. A genital sore or ulcer? YES 1 NO 2 3. A bad odor along with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 4. Severe lower abdominal pain with a discharge, not related with menstruation? YES 1 NO 2 5. A fever along with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 6. Problem with pain or burning while urinating or more frequent or difficult urination? YES 1 NO 2 FOR CURRENTLY MARRIED: 7. Pain in abdomen or vagina during intercourse? YES 1 NO 2 8. Blood after having sex when you are not menstruating? YES 1 NO 2 9. Any other problem with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 STIOTHDISCH6MO indicates whether the respondent had any other discharge problems in the last 6 months. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific categories included in a particular sample. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had abdominal/vaginal pain during intercourse in last 6 months 721. Now I would like to ask you about some health symptoms you yourself may have. During the past 6 months, have you had any of the following problems: 1. Any itching or irritation in vaginal area with discharge? YES 1 NO 2 2. A genital sore or ulcer? YES 1 NO 2 3. A bad odor along with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 4. Severe lower abdominal pain with a discharge, not related with menstruation? YES 1 NO 2 5. A fever along with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 6. Problem with pain or burning while urinating or more frequent or difficult urination? YES 1 NO 2 FOR CURRENTLY MARRIED: 7. Pain in abdomen or vagina during intercourse? YES 1 NO 2 8. Blood after having sex when you are not menstruating? YES 1 NO 2 9. Any other problem with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 STIPAINSEX6MO indicates whether the respondent had any abdominal or vaginal pain during sexual intercourse in the last 6 months. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had urination problem in last 6 months 721. Now I would like to ask you about some health symptoms you yourself may have. During the past 6 months, have you had any of the following problems: 1. Any itching or irritation in vaginal area with discharge? YES 1 NO 2 2. A genital sore or ulcer? YES 1 NO 2 3. A bad odor along with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 4. Severe lower abdominal pain with a discharge, not related with menstruation? YES 1 NO 2 5. A fever along with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 6. Problem with pain or burning while urinating or more frequent or difficult urination? YES 1 NO 2 FOR CURRENTLY MARRIED: 7. Pain in abdomen or vagina during intercourse? YES 1 NO 2 8. Blood after having sex when you are not menstruating? YES 1 NO 2 9. Any other problem with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 STIURIN6MO indicates whether the respondent had any problems with urination, including burning pain while urinating or more frequent or difficult urination, in the last 6 months. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in men: Abdominal pain 719. In a man, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that he has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A DISCHARGE FROM PENIS OR DRIPPING B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J IMPOTENCE K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIMABPAIN (V785A) indicates whether the woman reported "abdominal pain" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in men. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in men: Genital discharge or dripping 719. In a man, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that he has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A DISCHARGE FROM PENIS OR DRIPPING B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J IMPOTENCE K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIMDISCH (V785B) indicates whether the woman reported "genital discharge or dripping" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in men. 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in men: Foul smelling discharge 719. In a man, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that he has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A DISCHARGE FROM PENIS OR DRIPPING B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J IMPOTENCE K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIMDISSMELL (V785C) indicates whether the woman reported "foul smelling discharge" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in men. 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in men: Burning pain on urination 719. In a man, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that he has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A DISCHARGE FROM PENIS OR DRIPPING B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J IMPOTENCE K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIMBURNING (V785D) indicates whether the woman reported "burning pain on urination" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in men. 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in men: Redness, inflammation 719. In a man, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that he has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A DISCHARGE FROM PENIS OR DRIPPING B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J IMPOTENCE K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIMREDNESS (V785E) indicates whether the woman reported "redness/inflammation in the genital area" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in men. 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in men: Swelling in genital area 719. In a man, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that he has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A DISCHARGE FROM PENIS OR DRIPPING B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J IMPOTENCE K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIMSWELL (V785F) indicates whether the woman reported "swelling in the genital area" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in men. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in men: Genital sores or ulcers 719. In a man, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that he has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A DISCHARGE FROM PENIS OR DRIPPING B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J IMPOTENCE K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIMSORES (V785G) indicates whether the woman reported "genital sores or ulcers" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in men. 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in men: Genital warts 719. In a man, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that he has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A DISCHARGE FROM PENIS OR DRIPPING B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J IMPOTENCE K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIMWARTS (V785H) indicates whether the woman reported "genital warts" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in men. 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in men: Blood in urine 719. In a man, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that he has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A DISCHARGE FROM PENIS OR DRIPPING B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J IMPOTENCE K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIMURBLOOD (V785J) indicates whether the woman reported "blood in urine" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in men. 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in men: Weight loss 719. In a man, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that he has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A DISCHARGE FROM PENIS OR DRIPPING B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J IMPOTENCE K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIMWTLOSS (V785K) indicates whether the woman reported "genital warts" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in men. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in men: Impotence 719. In a man, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that he has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A DISCHARGE FROM PENIS OR DRIPPING B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J IMPOTENCE K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIMIMPOT (V785L) indicates whether the woman reported "impotence" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in men. 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in men: Other 719. In a man, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that he has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A DISCHARGE FROM PENIS OR DRIPPING B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J IMPOTENCE K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z ***** 719. In a man, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that he has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A DISCHARGE FROM PENIS OR DRIPPING B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J IMPOTENCE K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIMOTHER (V785X) indicates whether the woman indicated other possible symptoms of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in men. The meaning of "other" depends on the specific symptoms of STI identified in a given sample. 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in men: No symptoms 719. In a man, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that he has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A DISCHARGE FROM PENIS OR DRIPPING B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J IMPOTENCE K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIMNONE (V785Y) indicates whether the woman reported "no symptoms," or being asymptomatic, as a possible indicator of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in men. 0 No, "no symptoms" not mentioned 1 Yes, "no symptoms" mentioned 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in men: Don't know 719. In a man, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that he has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A DISCHARGE FROM PENIS OR DRIPPING B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J IMPOTENCE K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIMDK (V785Z) indicates whether the woman did not know any possible symptoms of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in men. 1 Yes, does not know symptoms 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No, knows symptoms STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in women: Abdominal pain 720. In a woman, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that she has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A GENITAL DISCHARGE B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J INABILITY TO GIVE BIRTH K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIWABPAIN (V786A) indicates whether the woman reported "abdominal pain" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in women. 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in women: Genital discharge 720. In a woman, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that she has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A GENITAL DISCHARGE B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J INABILITY TO GIVE BIRTH K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIWDISCH (V786B) indicates whether the woman reported "genital discharge or dripping" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in women. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in women: Foul smelling discharge 720. In a woman, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that she has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A GENITAL DISCHARGE B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J INABILITY TO GIVE BIRTH K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIWDISSMELL (V786C) indicates whether the woman reported "foul smelling discharge" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in women. 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in women: Burning on urination 720. In a woman, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that she has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A GENITAL DISCHARGE B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J INABILITY TO GIVE BIRTH K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIWBURNING (V786D) indicates whether the woman reported "burning pain on urination" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in women. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in women: Redness, inflammation 720. In a woman, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that she has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A GENITAL DISCHARGE B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J INABILITY TO GIVE BIRTH K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIWREDNESS (V786E) indicates whether the woman reported "redness/inflammation in the genital area" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in women. 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in women: Genital swelling 720. In a woman, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that she has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A GENITAL DISCHARGE B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J INABILITY TO GIVE BIRTH K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIWSWELL (V786F) indicates whether the woman reported "swelling in the genital area" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in women. 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in women: Genital sores or ulcers 720. In a woman, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that she has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A GENITAL DISCHARGE B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J INABILITY TO GIVE BIRTH K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIWSORES (V786G) indicates whether the woman reported "genital sores or ulcers" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in women. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in women: Genital warts 720. In a woman, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that she has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A GENITAL DISCHARGE B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J INABILITY TO GIVE BIRTH K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIWWARTS (V786H) indicates whether the woman reported "genital warts" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in women. 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in women: Blood in urine 720. In a woman, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that she has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A GENITAL DISCHARGE B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J INABILITY TO GIVE BIRTH K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIWURBLOOD (V786J) indicates whether the woman reported "blood in urine" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in women. 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in women: Weight loss 720. In a woman, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that she has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A GENITAL DISCHARGE B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J INABILITY TO GIVE BIRTH K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIWWTLOSS (V786K) indicates whether the woman reported "genital warts" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in women. 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in women: Difficulty getting pregnant 720. In a woman, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that she has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A GENITAL DISCHARGE B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J INABILITY TO GIVE BIRTH K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIWDIFFPREG (V786L) indicates whether the woman reported "inability to get pregnant or have a child" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in women. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in women: Other 720. In a woman, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that she has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A GENITAL DISCHARGE B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J INABILITY TO GIVE BIRTH K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z ***** 720. In a woman, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that she has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A GENITAL DISCHARGE B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J INABILITY TO GIVE BIRTH K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIWOTHER (V786X) indicates whether the woman indicated other possible symptoms of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in women. The meaning of "other" depends on the specific symptoms of STI identified in a given sample. 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in women: No symptoms 720. In a woman, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that she has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A GENITAL DISCHARGE B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J INABILITY TO GIVE BIRTH K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIWNONE (V786Y) indicates whether the woman reported "no symptoms," or being asymptomatic, as a possible indicator of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in women. 1 Yes, "no symptoms" mentioned 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No, "no symptoms" not mentioned STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in women: Don't know 720. In a woman, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that she has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A GENITAL DISCHARGE B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J INABILITY TO GIVE BIRTH K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIWDK (V786Z) indicates that the woman did not know any possible symptoms of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in men. 1 Yes, does not know symptom 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No, knows symptoms STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Doctor gave delivery care 425. Who assisted with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS ASSISTING. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F RELATIVES G OTHER (SPECIFY) Z NO ONE Z For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELDOC_ALL (M3A_x) indicates whether a doctor gave delivery care. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. DELDOC_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (DELDOC_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., DELDOC_02, DELDOC_03, DELDOC_04, DELDOC_05, and DELDOC_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If DELDOC_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then DELDOC_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 DELDOC_ALL available Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Doctor gave delivery care for last birth 425. Who assisted with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS ASSISTING. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F RELATIVES G OTHER (SPECIFY) Z NO ONE Z For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELDOC_01 (M3A_1) indicates whether a doctor gave delivery care (for the last birth). Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Doctor gave delivery care (second to last birth) 425. Who assisted with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS ASSISTING. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F RELATIVES G OTHER (SPECIFY) Z NO ONE Z 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Doctor gave delivery care (third to last birth) 425. Who assisted with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS ASSISTING. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F RELATIVES G OTHER (SPECIFY) Z NO ONE Z 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Doctor gave delivery care (fourth to last birth) 425. Who assisted with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS ASSISTING. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F RELATIVES G OTHER (SPECIFY) Z NO ONE Z 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Doctor gave delivery care (fifth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Doctor gave delivery care (sixth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Nurse/midwife gave delivery care 425. Who assisted with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS ASSISTING. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F RELATIVES G OTHER (SPECIFY) Z NO ONE Z For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey, DELNURM_ALL (M3B_x) indicates whether a nurse or midwife (categories combined or not distinguished) assisted with the child's delivery. DELNURM_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (DELNURM_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., DELNURM_02, DELNURM_03, DELNURM_04, DELNURM_05, and DELNURM_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If DELNURM_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then DELNURM_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. Some samples in the "DEL" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, such as DELNURM_ALL, while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include separate categories for nurse and midwife that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories in this variable. 1 DELNURM_ALL available Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Nurse/midwife gave delivery care for last birth 425. Who assisted with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS ASSISTING. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F RELATIVES G OTHER (SPECIFY) Z NO ONE Z For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELNURM_01 (M3B_1) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported a nurse or midwife (categories combined or not distinguished) gave delivery care (for the last birth). Some samples in the "DEL" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, such as DELNURM_01, while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include separate categories for nurse and midwife that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories in this variable. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Nurse/midwife gave delivery care for second to last birth 425. Who assisted with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS ASSISTING. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F RELATIVES G OTHER (SPECIFY) Z NO ONE Z 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Nurse/midwife gave delivery care for third to last birth 425. Who assisted with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS ASSISTING. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F RELATIVES G OTHER (SPECIFY) Z NO ONE Z 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Nurse/midwife gave delivery care for fourth to last birth 425. Who assisted with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS ASSISTING. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F RELATIVES G OTHER (SPECIFY) Z NO ONE Z 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Nurse/midwife gave delivery care for fifth to last birth 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Nurse/midwife gave delivery care for sixth to last birth 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Traditional birth attendant gave delivery care 425. Who assisted with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS ASSISTING. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F RELATIVES G OTHER (SPECIFY) Z NO ONE Z For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELTBA_ALL (M3G_x) indicates whether a traditional birth attendant gave delivery care. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. Wording for this response category varied across samples. See Comparability. DELTBA_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (DELTBA_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., DELTBA_02, DELTBA_03, DELTBA_04, DELTBA_05, and DELTBA_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If DELTBA_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then DELTBA_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 DELTBA_ALL available Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Traditional birth attendant gave delivery care for last birth 425. Who assisted with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS ASSISTING. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F RELATIVES G OTHER (SPECIFY) Z NO ONE Z For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELTBA_01 (M3G_1) indicates whether a traditional birth attendant gave delivery care (for the last birth). Wording for this response category varied across samples. See Comparability. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Traditional birth attendant gave delivery care for second to last birth 425. Who assisted with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS ASSISTING. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F RELATIVES G OTHER (SPECIFY) Z NO ONE Z 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Traditional birth attendant gave delivery care for third to last birth 425. Who assisted with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS ASSISTING. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F RELATIVES G OTHER (SPECIFY) Z NO ONE Z 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Traditional birth attendant gave delivery care for fourth to last birth 425. Who assisted with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS ASSISTING. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F RELATIVES G OTHER (SPECIFY) Z NO ONE Z 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Traditional birth attendant gave delivery care for fifth to last birth 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Traditional birth attendant gave delivery care for sixth to last birth 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Trained traditional birth attendant gave delivery care 425. Who assisted with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS ASSISTING. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F RELATIVES G OTHER (SPECIFY) Z NO ONE Z For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELTRBA_ALL (M3F_x) indicates whether a trained (traditional) birth attendant gave delivery care. Wording for this category varied across samples. See Comparability. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. DELTRBA_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (DELTRBA_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., DELTRBA_02, DELTRBA_03, DELTRBA_04, DELTRBA_05, and DELTRBA_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If DELTRBA_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then DELTRBA_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 DELTRBA_ALL available Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Trained traditional birth attendant gave delivery care for last birth 425. Who assisted with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS ASSISTING. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F RELATIVES G OTHER (SPECIFY) Z NO ONE Z For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELTRBA_01 (M3F_1) indicates whether a trained (traditional) birth attendant gave delivery care (for the last birth). Wording for this category varied across samples. See Comparability. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Trained traditional birth attendant gave delivery care for second to last birth 425. Who assisted with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS ASSISTING. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F RELATIVES G OTHER (SPECIFY) Z NO ONE Z 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Trained traditional birth attendant gave delivery care for third to last birth 425. Who assisted with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS ASSISTING. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F RELATIVES G OTHER (SPECIFY) Z NO ONE Z 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Trained traditional birth attendant gave delivery care for fourth to last birth 425. Who assisted with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS ASSISTING. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F RELATIVES G OTHER (SPECIFY) Z NO ONE Z 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Trained traditional birth attendant gave delivery care for fifth to last birth 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Trained traditional birth attendant gave delivery care for sixth to last birth 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Relative gave delivery care 425. Who assisted with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS ASSISTING. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F RELATIVES G OTHER (SPECIFY) Z NO ONE Z For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELREL_ALL (M3H_x) indicates whether a relative gave delivery care. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. DELREL_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (DELREL_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., DELREL_02, DELREL_03, DELREL_04, DELREL_05, and DELREL_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If DELREL_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then DELREL_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 DELREL_ALL available Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Relative gave delivery care for last birth 425. Who assisted with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS ASSISTING. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F RELATIVES G OTHER (SPECIFY) Z NO ONE Z For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELREL_01 (M3H_1) indicates whether a relative gave delivery care (for the last birth). Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Relative gave delivery care for second to last birth 425. Who assisted with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS ASSISTING. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F RELATIVES G OTHER (SPECIFY) Z NO ONE Z 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Relative gave delivery care for third to last birth 425. Who assisted with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS ASSISTING. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F RELATIVES G OTHER (SPECIFY) Z NO ONE Z 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Relative gave delivery care for fourth to last birth 425. Who assisted with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS ASSISTING. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F RELATIVES G OTHER (SPECIFY) Z NO ONE Z 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Relative gave delivery care for fifth to last birth 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Relative gave delivery care for sixth to last birth 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Other person gave delivery care 425. Who assisted with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS ASSISTING. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F RELATIVES G OTHER (SPECIFY) Z NO ONE Z For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELOTH_ALL (M3K_x) indicates whether some other person gave delivery care. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific categories included in a given sample. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. DELOTH_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (DELOTH_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., DELOTH_02, DELOTH_03, DELOTH_04, DELOTH_05, and DELOTH_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If DELOTH_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then DELOTH_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 DELOTH_ALL available Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Other person gave delivery care for last birth 425. Who assisted with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS ASSISTING. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F RELATIVES G OTHER (SPECIFY) Z NO ONE Z For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELOTH_01 (M3K_1) indicates whether some other person gave delivery care (for the last birth). The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific categories included in a given sample. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Other person gave delivery care for second to last birth 425. Who assisted with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS ASSISTING. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F RELATIVES G OTHER (SPECIFY) Z NO ONE Z 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Other person gave delivery care for third to last birth 425. Who assisted with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS ASSISTING. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F RELATIVES G OTHER (SPECIFY) Z NO ONE Z 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Other person gave delivery care for fourth to last birth 425. Who assisted with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS ASSISTING. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F RELATIVES G OTHER (SPECIFY) Z NO ONE Z 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Other person gave delivery care for fifth to last birth 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Other person gave delivery care for sixth to last birth 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS No one gave delivery care 425. Who assisted with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS ASSISTING. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F RELATIVES G OTHER (SPECIFY) Z NO ONE Z For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELNONE_ALL (M3N_x) indicates whether no one assisted with the delivery. DELNONE_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (DELNONE_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., DELNONE_02, DELNONE_03, DELNONE_04, DELNONE_05, and DELNONE_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If DELNONE_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then DELNONE_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 DELNONE_ALL available Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS No one gave delivery care (last birth) 425. Who assisted with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS ASSISTING. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F RELATIVES G OTHER (SPECIFY) Z NO ONE Z For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELNONE_01 (M3N_1) indicates whether no one assisted with delivery (for the last birth). 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS No one gave delivery care (second to last birth) 425. Who assisted with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS ASSISTING. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F RELATIVES G OTHER (SPECIFY) Z NO ONE Z 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS No one gave delivery care (third to last birth) 425. Who assisted with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS ASSISTING. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F RELATIVES G OTHER (SPECIFY) Z NO ONE Z 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS No one gave delivery care (fourth to last birth) 425. Who assisted with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS ASSISTING. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F RELATIVES G OTHER (SPECIFY) Z NO ONE Z 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS No one gave delivery care (fifth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS No one gave delivery care (sixth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Last birth caesarean section 427. Was (NAME) delivered by caesarian section? YES 1 (GO TO 432) NO 2 (GO TO 432) For women who gave birth in the three to five years before the survey, DELCESRLAST (V401) indicates whether the last-born child was delivered by caesarean section. When children or births are the unit of analysis, this variable describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes allchildren of the mother to be coded the same way. Question wording varies slightly across samples. See Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Delivery by caesarian section 427. Was (NAME) delivered by caesarian section? YES 1 (GO TO 432) NO 2 (GO TO 432) For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELCESR_ALL (M17_x) indicates whether their child was born by caesarian section. Question wording varied somewhat across samples; see Comparability. DELCESR_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (DELCESR_01) up to, potentially, the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., DELCESR_02, DELCESR_03, DELCESR_04, DELCESR_05, and DELCESR_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If DELCESR_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. This information was collected for all births within the reference period preceding the survey. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then DELCESR_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 DELCESR_ALL available Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Delivery by caesarian section (last birth) 427. Was (NAME) delivered by caesarian section? YES 1 (GO TO 432) NO 2 (GO TO 432) For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELCESR_01 (M17_1) indicates whether the child was born by caesarian section (for the last birth). Question wording varied somewhat across samples. See Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Delivery by caesarian section (second to last birth) 427. Was (NAME) delivered by caesarian section? YES 1 (GO TO 432) NO 2 (GO TO 432) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Delivery by caesarian section (third to last birth) 427. Was (NAME) delivered by caesarian section? YES 1 (GO TO 432) NO 2 (GO TO 432) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Delivery by caesarian section (fourth to last birth) 427. Was (NAME) delivered by caesarian section? YES 1 (GO TO 432) NO 2 (GO TO 432) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Delivery by caesarian section (fifth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Delivery by caesarian section (sixth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Place of delivery 426. Where did you give birth to (NAME)? HOME OWN HOME 11 (GO TO 428) OTHER HOME 12 (GO TO 428) PUBLIC SECTOR GOVERNMENT HOSPITAL 21 THANA HEALTH COMPLEX 22 MATERNAL AND CHILD WELFARE CENTER (MCWC) 23 NGO SECTOR NGO STATIC CLINIC 31 PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC 41 OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 (GO TO 428) For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELPL_ALL (M15_x) reports where she delivered her child. Response categories vary across samples. See Comparability. DELPL_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (DELPL_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., DELPL_02, DELPL_03, DELPL_04, DELPL_05, and DELPL_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If DELPL_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then DELPL_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 DELPL_ALL available Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Place of delivery (last birth) 426. Where did you give birth to (NAME)? HOME OWN HOME 11 (GO TO 428) OTHER HOME 12 (GO TO 428) PUBLIC SECTOR GOVERNMENT HOSPITAL 21 THANA HEALTH COMPLEX 22 MATERNAL AND CHILD WELFARE CENTER (MCWC) 23 NGO SECTOR NGO STATIC CLINIC 31 PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC 41 OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 (GO TO 428) See DELPL_ALL. 1000 HOME 1100 Respondent's home 1200 Respondent's parents' home 1300 Nurse/midwife's home 1400 TBA's home 1500 Community/village health worker's home 1900 Other home 2000 PUBLIC SECTOR 2100 Government hospital 2110 Referral/specialty hospital 2120 National/central hospital 2130 Provincial/regional hospital 2140 Urban hospital 2150 District/rural hospital 2151 District hospital 2152 Rural hospital 2160 University hospital 2170 Military hospital 2180 Day hospital 2200 Government health center 2210 Referral health center 2220 Community health center 2230 Urban health center 2240 Rural health center 2250 Integrated health center 2260 Family welfare center 2270 Primary health center 2280 Basic health center 2290 Sub-health center 2300 Government maternal and child health (MCH) center 2400 Government outreach 2410 Government health post 2411 Village health post 2412 Sub-health post 2413 Outreach clinic 2420 Government mobile clinic 2430 Government health worker 2431 Community based distribution (CBD) 2432 Field worker 2433 Community midwife 2500 Government dispensary 2600 Government family planning clinic 2900 Other public sector 2901 Health home 2902 Health station/clinic 2903 Health office 2904 Community clinic 3000 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR 3100 Private hospital/clinic 3110 Private hospital 3111 Referral/specialty hospital 3112 District hospital 3113 Medical college hospital 3120 Private clinic 3121 Clinic 3122 Polyclinic 3200 Private doctor 3300 Private health center 3400 Private nursing/maternity home 3500 Private outreach 3510 Private mobile clinic 3520 Private health worker 3521 Nurse 3530 Private health post 3600 Private family planninc clinic 3700 Private pharmacy/dispensary 3900 Other private medical sector 4000 NGO FACILITY 4100 NGO health facility 4110 Static clinic 4120 Red Cross facility 4130 Marie Stopes 4140 Refugee/NGO hospital 4200 Country-specific NGOs 4201 BLM 4202 CSI 4203 Egyptian family planning association (EFPA) 4900 Other NGO 5000 RELIGIOUS/MISSION 5100 Religious hospital/clinic 5110 Religious hospital 5111 Religious referral/specialty hospital 5112 Religious district hospital 5120 Religious clinic 5200 Religious health center/dispensary 5210 Religious health center 5220 Religious dispensary 5300 Religious health post 5900 Other religious/mission 6000 OTHER 6100 En route to provider 6200 Outside 6300 Abroad 9995 Other 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Place of delivery (second to last birth) 426. Where did you give birth to (NAME)? HOME OWN HOME 11 (GO TO 428) OTHER HOME 12 (GO TO 428) PUBLIC SECTOR GOVERNMENT HOSPITAL 21 THANA HEALTH COMPLEX 22 MATERNAL AND CHILD WELFARE CENTER (MCWC) 23 NGO SECTOR NGO STATIC CLINIC 31 PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC 41 OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 (GO TO 428) 4140 Refugee/NGO hospital 5900 Othre religious/mission 3530 Private health post 4130 Marie Stopes 2432 Field worker 2413 Outreach clinic 2412 Sub-health post 1000 HOME 1100 Respondent's home 1200 Respondent's parents' home 1300 Nurse/midwife's home 1400 TBA's home 1500 Community/village health worker's home 1900 Other home 2000 PUBLIC SECTOR 2100 Government hospital 2110 Referral/specialty hospital 2120 National/central hospital 2130 Provincial/regional hospital 2140 Urban hospital 2150 District/rural hospital 2151 District hospital 2152 Rural hospital 2160 University hospital 2170 Military hospital 2180 Day hospital 2200 Government health center 2210 Referral health center 2220 Community health center 2230 Urban health center 2240 Rural health center 2250 Integrated health center 2260 Family welfare center 2270 Primary health center 2280 Basic health center 2290 Sub-health center 2300 Government maternal and child health (MCH) center 2400 Government outreach 2410 Government health post 2411 Village health post 2420 Government mobile clinic 2430 Government health worker 2431 Community based distribution (CBD) 2500 Government dispensary 2600 Government family planning clinic 2900 Other public sector 2901 Health home 2902 Health station/clinic 2903 Health office 2904 Community clinic 3000 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR 3100 Private hospital/clinic 3110 Private hospital 3111 Referral/specialty hospital 3112 District hospital 3113 Medical college hospital 3120 Private clinic 3121 Clinic 3122 Polyclinic 3200 Private doctor 3300 Private health center 3400 Private nursing/maternity home 3500 Private outreach 3510 Private mobile clinic 3520 Private health worker 3521 Nurse 3600 Private family planninc clinic 3700 Private pharmacy/dispensary 3900 Other private medical sector 4000 NGO FACILITY 4100 NGO health facility 4110 Static clinic 4120 Red Cross facility 4200 Country-specific NGOs 4201 BLM 4202 CSI 4203 Egyptian family planning association (EFPA) 4900 Other NGO 5000 RELIGIOUS/MISSION 5100 Religious hospital/clinic 5110 Religious hospital 5111 Religious referral/specialty hospital 5112 Religious district hospital 5120 Religious clinic 5200 Religious health center/dispensary 5210 Religious health center 5220 Religious dispensary 5300 Religious health post 6000 OTHER 6100 En route to provider 6200 Outside 6300 Abroad 9995 Other 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) 2433 Community midwife Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Place of delivery (third to last birth) 426. Where did you give birth to (NAME)? HOME OWN HOME 11 (GO TO 428) OTHER HOME 12 (GO TO 428) PUBLIC SECTOR GOVERNMENT HOSPITAL 21 THANA HEALTH COMPLEX 22 MATERNAL AND CHILD WELFARE CENTER (MCWC) 23 NGO SECTOR NGO STATIC CLINIC 31 PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC 41 OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 (GO TO 428) 4140 Refugee/NGO hospital 2433 Community midwife 5900 Other religious/mission 4130 Marie Stopes 2432 Field worker 2413 Outreach clinic 2412 Sub-health post 1000 HOME 1100 Respondent's home 1200 Respondent's parents' home 1300 Nurse/midwife's home 1400 TBA's home 1500 Community/village health worker's home 1900 Other home 2000 PUBLIC SECTOR 2100 Government hospital 2110 Referral/specialty hospital 2120 National/central hospital 2130 Provincial/regional hospital 2140 Urban hospital 2150 District/rural hospital 2151 District hospital 2152 Rural hospital 2160 University hospital 2170 Military hospital 2180 Day hospital 2200 Government health center 2210 Referral health center 2220 Community health center 2230 Urban health center 2240 Rural health center 2250 Integrated health center 2260 Family welfare center 2270 Primary health center 2280 Basic health center 2290 Sub-health center 2300 Government maternal and child health (MCH) center 2400 Government outreach 2410 Government health post 2411 Village health post 2420 Government mobile clinic 2430 Government health worker 2431 Community based distribution (CBD) 2500 Government dispensary 2600 Government family planning clinic 2900 Other public sector 2901 Health home 2902 Health station/clinic 2903 Health office 2904 Community clinic 3000 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR 3100 Private hospital/clinic 3110 Private hospital 3111 Referral/specialty hospital 3112 District hospital 3113 Medical college hospital 3120 Private clinic 3121 Clinic 3122 Polyclinic 3200 Private doctor 3300 Private health center 3400 Private nursing/maternity home 3500 Private outreach 3510 Private mobile clinic 3520 Private health worker 3521 Nurse 3600 Private family planninc clinic 3700 Private pharmacy/dispensary 3900 Other private medical sector 4000 NGO FACILITY 4100 NGO health facility 4110 Static clinic 4120 Red Cross facility 4200 Country-specific NGOs 4201 BLM 4202 CSI 4203 Egyptian family planning association (EFPA) 4900 Other NGO 5000 RELIGIOUS/MISSION 5100 Religious hospital/clinic 5110 Religious hospital 5111 Religious referral/specialty hospital 5112 Religious district hospital 5120 Religious clinic 5200 Religious health center/dispensary 5210 Religious health center 5220 Religious dispensary 5300 Religious health post 6000 OTHER 6100 En route to provider 6200 Outside 6300 Abroad 9995 Other 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Place of delivery (fourth to last birth) 426. Where did you give birth to (NAME)? HOME OWN HOME 11 (GO TO 428) OTHER HOME 12 (GO TO 428) PUBLIC SECTOR GOVERNMENT HOSPITAL 21 THANA HEALTH COMPLEX 22 MATERNAL AND CHILD WELFARE CENTER (MCWC) 23 NGO SECTOR NGO STATIC CLINIC 31 PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC 41 OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 (GO TO 428) 4140 Refugee/NGO hospital 2433 Community midwife 5900 Other religious/mission 3530 Private health post 4130 Marie Stopes 2432 Field worker 2413 Outreach clinic 2412 Sub-health post 1000 HOME 1100 Respondent's home 1200 Respondent's parents' home 1300 Nurse/midwife's home 1400 TBA's home 1500 Community/village health worker's home 1900 Other home 2000 PUBLIC SECTOR 2100 Government hospital 2110 Referral/specialty hospital 2120 National/central hospital 2130 Provincial/regional hospital 2140 Urban hospital 2150 District/rural hospital 2151 District hospital 2152 Rural hospital 2160 University hospital 2170 Military hospital 2180 Day hospital 2200 Government health center 2210 Referral health center 2220 Community health center 2230 Urban health center 2240 Rural health center 2250 Integrated health center 2260 Family welfare center 2270 Primary health center 2280 Basic health center 2290 Sub-health center 2300 Government maternal and child health (MCH) center 2400 Government outreach 2410 Government health post 2411 Village health post 2420 Government mobile clinic 2430 Government health worker 2431 Community based distribution (CBD) 2500 Government dispensary 2600 Government family planning clinic 2900 Other public sector 2901 Health home 2902 Health station/clinic 2903 Health office 2904 Community clinic 3000 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR 3100 Private hospital/clinic 3110 Private hospital 3111 Referral/specialty hospital 3112 District hospital 3113 Medical college hospital 3120 Private clinic 3121 Clinic 3122 Polyclinic 3200 Private doctor 3300 Private health center 3400 Private nursing/maternity home 3500 Private outreach 3510 Private mobile clinic 3520 Private health worker 3521 Nurse 3600 Private family planninc clinic 3700 Private pharmacy/dispensary 3900 Other private medical sector 4000 NGO FACILITY 4100 NGO health facility 4110 Static clinic 4120 Red Cross facility 4200 Country-specific NGOs 4201 BLM 4202 CSI 4203 Egyptian family planning association (EFPA) 4900 Other NGO 5000 RELIGIOUS/MISSION 5100 Religious hospital/clinic 5110 Religious hospital 5111 Religious referral/specialty hospital 5112 Religious district hospital 5120 Religious clinic 5200 Religious health center/dispensary 5210 Religious health center 5220 Religious dispensary 5300 Religious health post 6000 OTHER 6100 En route to provider 6200 Outside 6300 Abroad 9995 Other 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Place of delivery (fifth to last birth) 4140 Refugee/NGO hospital 2433 Community midwife 4130 Marie Stopes 2432 Field worker 2413 Outreach clinic 2412 Sub-health post 1000 HOME 1100 Respondent's home 1200 Respondent's parents' home 1300 Nurse/midwife's home 1400 TBA's home 1500 Community/village health worker's home 1900 Other home 2000 PUBLIC SECTOR 2100 Government hospital 2110 Referral/specialty hospital 2120 National/central hospital 2130 Provincial/regional hospital 2140 Urban hospital 2150 District/rural hospital 2151 District hospital 2152 Rural hospital 2160 University hospital 2170 Military hospital 2180 Day hospital 2200 Government health center 2210 Referral health center 2220 Community health center 2230 Urban health center 2240 Rural health center 2250 Integrated health center 2260 Family welfare center 2270 Primary health center 2280 Basic health center 2290 Sub-health center 2300 Government maternal and child health (MCH) center 2400 Government outreach 2410 Government health post 2411 Village health post 2420 Government mobile clinic 2430 Government health worker 2431 Community based distribution (CBD) 2500 Government dispensary 2600 Government family planning clinic 2900 Other public sector 2901 Health home 2902 Health station/clinic 2903 Health office 2904 Community clinic 3000 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR 3100 Private hospital/clinic 3110 Private hospital 3111 Referral/specialty hospital 3112 District hospital 3113 Medical college hospital 3120 Private clinic 3121 Clinic 3122 Polyclinic 3200 Private doctor 3300 Private health center 3400 Private nursing/maternity home 3500 Private outreach 3510 Private mobile clinic 3520 Private health worker 3521 Nurse 3600 Private family planninc clinic 3700 Private pharmacy/dispensary 3900 Other private medical sector 4000 NGO FACILITY 4100 NGO health facility 4110 Static clinic 4120 Red Cross facility 4200 Country-specific NGOs 4201 BLM 4202 CSI 4203 Egyptian family planning association (EFPA) 4900 Other NGO 5000 RELIGIOUS/MISSION 5100 Religious hospital/clinic 5110 Religious hospital 5111 Religious referral/specialty hospital 5112 Religious district hospital 5120 Religious clinic 5200 Religious health center/dispensary 5210 Religious health center 5220 Religious dispensary 5300 Religious health post 6000 OTHER 6100 En route to provider 6200 Outside 6300 Abroad 9995 Other 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) 3530 Private health post 5900 Other religious/mission Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Place of delivery (sixth to last birth) 4140 Refugee/NGO hospital 2433 Community midwife 4130 Marie Stopes 3530 Private health post 2432 Field worker 2413 Outreach clinic 2412 Sub-health post 1000 HOMES 1100 Respondent's home 1200 Respondent's parents' home 1300 Nurse/midwife's home 1400 TBA's home 1500 Community/village health worker's home 1900 Other home 2000 PUBLIC SECTOR 2100 Government hospital 2110 Referral/specialty hospital 2120 National/central hospital 2130 Provincial/regional hospital 2140 Urban hospital 2150 District/rural hospital 2151 District hospital 2152 Rural hospital 2160 University hospital 2170 Military hospital 2180 Day hospital 2200 Government health center 2210 Referral health center 2220 Community health center 2230 Urban health center 2240 Rural health center 2250 Integrated health center 2260 Family welfare center 2270 Primary health center 2280 Basic health center 2290 Sub-health center 2300 Government maternal and child health (MCH) center 2400 Government outreach 2410 Government health post 2411 Village health post 2420 Government mobile clinic 2430 Government health worker 2431 Community based distribution (CBD) 2500 Government dispensary 2600 Government family planning clinic 2900 Other public sector 2901 Health home 2902 Health station/clinic 2903 Health office 2904 Community clinic 3000 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR 3100 Private hospital/clinic 3110 Private hospital 3111 Referral/specialty hospital 3112 District hospital 3113 Medical college hospital 3120 Private clinic 3121 Clinic 3122 Polyclinic 3200 Private doctor 3300 Private health center 3400 Private nursing/maternity home 3500 Private outreach 3510 Private mobile clinic 3520 Private health worker 3521 Nurse 3600 Private family planninc clinic 3700 Private pharmacy/dispensary 3900 Other private medical sector 4000 NGO FACILITY 4100 NGO health facility 4110 Static clinic 4120 Red Cross facility 4200 Country-specific NGOs 4201 BLM 4202 CSI 4203 Egyptian family planning association (EFPA) 4900 Other NGO 5000 RELIGIOUS/MISSION 5100 Religious hospital/clinic 5110 Religious hospital 5111 Religious referral/specialty hospital 5112 Religious district hospital 5120 Religious clinic 5200 Religious health center/dispensary 5210 Religious health center 5220 Religious dispensary 5300 Religious health post 6000 OTHER 6100 En route to provider 6200 Outside 6300 Abroad 9995 Other 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) 5900 Other religious/mission Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: Prolonged labor 420. Around the time of the birth (NAME), did you have any of the following problems: Long labor, that is, did your regular contractions last more than 18 hours? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Excessive bleeding that was so much that you feared it was life threatening? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 A high fever with bad smelling vaginal discharge? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Convulsions? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Baby's hands and feet came first during delivery? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELPRLONG_ALL (M30_x) indicates whether they experienced prolonged labor, such as regular contractions lasting more than 12 hours. DELPRLONG_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (DELPRLONG_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., DELPRLONG_02, DELPRLONG_03, DELPRLONG_04, DELPRLONG_05, and DELPRLONG_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If DELPRLONG_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then DELPRLONG_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. Some surveys, specified in the Comparability section, collected this information for the last-born child only. 1 DELPRLONG_ALL available Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: Prolonged labor (last birth) 420. Around the time of the birth (NAME), did you have any of the following problems: Long labor, that is, did your regular contractions last more than 18 hours? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Excessive bleeding that was so much that you feared it was life threatening? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 A high fever with bad smelling vaginal discharge? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Convulsions? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Baby's hands and feet came first during delivery? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELPRLONG_01 (M30_1) indicates whether they experienced prolonged labor, such as regular contractions lasting more than 12 hours (for the last birth). 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: Prolonged labor (second to last birth) 420. Around the time of the birth (NAME), did you have any of the following problems: Long labor, that is, did your regular contractions last more than 18 hours? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Excessive bleeding that was so much that you feared it was life threatening? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 A high fever with bad smelling vaginal discharge? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Convulsions? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Baby's hands and feet came first during delivery? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: Prolonged labor (third to last birth) 420. Around the time of the birth (NAME), did you have any of the following problems: Long labor, that is, did your regular contractions last more than 18 hours? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Excessive bleeding that was so much that you feared it was life threatening? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 A high fever with bad smelling vaginal discharge? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Convulsions? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Baby's hands and feet came first during delivery? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: Prolonged labor (fourth to last birth) 420. Around the time of the birth (NAME), did you have any of the following problems: Long labor, that is, did your regular contractions last more than 18 hours? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Excessive bleeding that was so much that you feared it was life threatening? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 A high fever with bad smelling vaginal discharge? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Convulsions? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Baby's hands and feet came first during delivery? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: Prolonged labor (fifth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: Prolonged labor (sixth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: Excessive bleeding 420. Around the time of the birth (NAME), did you have any of the following problems: Long labor, that is, did your regular contractions last more than 18 hours? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Excessive bleeding that was so much that you feared it was life threatening? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 A high fever with bad smelling vaginal discharge? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Convulsions? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Baby's hands and feet came first during delivery? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELPROBLE_ALL (M31_x) indicates whether they experienced excessive bleeding (around the time of the birth). The definition of "excessive" bleeding was "so much that you feared that it threatened your life." DELPROBLE_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (DELPROBLE_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., DELPROBLE_02, DELPROBLE_03, DELPROBLE_04, DELPROBLE_05, and DELPROBLE_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If DELPROBLE_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then DELPROBLE_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. Some surveys, specified in the Comparability section, collected this information for the last-born child only. 1 DELPROBLE_ALL available Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: Excessive bleeding (last birth) 420. Around the time of the birth (NAME), did you have any of the following problems: Long labor, that is, did your regular contractions last more than 18 hours? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Excessive bleeding that was so much that you feared it was life threatening? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 A high fever with bad smelling vaginal discharge? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Convulsions? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Baby's hands and feet came first during delivery? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELPROBLE_01 (M31_1) indicates whether they experienced excessive bleeding (around the time of the last birth). The definition of "excessive" bleeding was "so much that you feared that it threatened your life." 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 7 Don't know Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: Excessive bleeding (second to last birth) 420. Around the time of the birth (NAME), did you have any of the following problems: Long labor, that is, did your regular contractions last more than 18 hours? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Excessive bleeding that was so much that you feared it was life threatening? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 A high fever with bad smelling vaginal discharge? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Convulsions? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Baby's hands and feet came first during delivery? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: Excessive bleeding (third to last birth) 420. Around the time of the birth (NAME), did you have any of the following problems: Long labor, that is, did your regular contractions last more than 18 hours? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Excessive bleeding that was so much that you feared it was life threatening? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 A high fever with bad smelling vaginal discharge? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Convulsions? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Baby's hands and feet came first during delivery? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: Excessive bleeding (fourth to last birth) 420. Around the time of the birth (NAME), did you have any of the following problems: Long labor, that is, did your regular contractions last more than 18 hours? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Excessive bleeding that was so much that you feared it was life threatening? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 A high fever with bad smelling vaginal discharge? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Convulsions? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Baby's hands and feet came first during delivery? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: Excessive bleeding (fifth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: Excessive bleeding (sixth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: High fever 420. Around the time of the birth (NAME), did you have any of the following problems: Long labor, that is, did your regular contractions last more than 18 hours? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Excessive bleeding that was so much that you feared it was life threatening? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 A high fever with bad smelling vaginal discharge? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Convulsions? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Baby's hands and feet came first during delivery? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELPROBFEV_ALL (M32_x) indicates whether they experienced a high fever with bad smelling vaginal discharge (around the time of the birth). DELPROBFEV_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (DELPROBFEV_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., DELPROBFEV_02, DELPROBFEV_03, DELPROBFEV_04, DELPROBFEV_05, and DELPROBFEV_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If DELPROBFEV_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then DELPROBFEV_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. Some surveys, specified in the Comparability section, collected this information for the last-born child only. 1 DELPROBFEV_ALL available Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: High fever (last birth) 420. Around the time of the birth (NAME), did you have any of the following problems: Long labor, that is, did your regular contractions last more than 18 hours? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Excessive bleeding that was so much that you feared it was life threatening? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 A high fever with bad smelling vaginal discharge? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Convulsions? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Baby's hands and feet came first during delivery? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELPROBFEV_01 (M32_1) indicates whether they experienced a high fever with bad smelling vaginal discharge (around the time of the last birth). 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 7 Don't know Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: High fever (second to last birth) 420. Around the time of the birth (NAME), did you have any of the following problems: Long labor, that is, did your regular contractions last more than 18 hours? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Excessive bleeding that was so much that you feared it was life threatening? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 A high fever with bad smelling vaginal discharge? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Convulsions? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Baby's hands and feet came first during delivery? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: High fever (third to last birth) 420. Around the time of the birth (NAME), did you have any of the following problems: Long labor, that is, did your regular contractions last more than 18 hours? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Excessive bleeding that was so much that you feared it was life threatening? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 A high fever with bad smelling vaginal discharge? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Convulsions? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Baby's hands and feet came first during delivery? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: High fever (fourth to last birth) 420. Around the time of the birth (NAME), did you have any of the following problems: Long labor, that is, did your regular contractions last more than 18 hours? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Excessive bleeding that was so much that you feared it was life threatening? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 A high fever with bad smelling vaginal discharge? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Convulsions? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Baby's hands and feet came first during delivery? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: High fever (fifth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: High fever (sixth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: Convulsions 420. Around the time of the birth (NAME), did you have any of the following problems: Long labor, that is, did your regular contractions last more than 18 hours? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Excessive bleeding that was so much that you feared it was life threatening? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 A high fever with bad smelling vaginal discharge? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Convulsions? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Baby's hands and feet came first during delivery? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELPROCON_ALL (M33_x) indicates whether they experienced "convulsions not caused by fever." DELPROCON_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (DELPROCON_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., DELPROCON_02, DELPROCON_03, DELPROCON_04, DELPROCON_05, and DELPROCON_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If DELPROCON_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then DELPROCON_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. Some surveys, specified in the Comparability section, collected this information for the last-born child only. 1 DELPROCON_ALL available Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: Convulsions (last birth) 420. Around the time of the birth (NAME), did you have any of the following problems: Long labor, that is, did your regular contractions last more than 18 hours? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Excessive bleeding that was so much that you feared it was life threatening? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 A high fever with bad smelling vaginal discharge? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Convulsions? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Baby's hands and feet came first during delivery? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELPROCON_01 (M33_1) indicates whether they experienced "convulsions not caused by fever" (for the last birth). 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: Convulsions (second to last birth) 420. Around the time of the birth (NAME), did you have any of the following problems: Long labor, that is, did your regular contractions last more than 18 hours? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Excessive bleeding that was so much that you feared it was life threatening? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 A high fever with bad smelling vaginal discharge? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Convulsions? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Baby's hands and feet came first during delivery? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: Convulsions (third to last birth) 420. Around the time of the birth (NAME), did you have any of the following problems: Long labor, that is, did your regular contractions last more than 18 hours? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Excessive bleeding that was so much that you feared it was life threatening? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 A high fever with bad smelling vaginal discharge? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Convulsions? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Baby's hands and feet came first during delivery? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: Convulsions (fourth to last birth) 420. Around the time of the birth (NAME), did you have any of the following problems: Long labor, that is, did your regular contractions last more than 18 hours? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Excessive bleeding that was so much that you feared it was life threatening? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 A high fever with bad smelling vaginal discharge? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Convulsions? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Baby's hands and feet came first during delivery? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: Convulsions (fifth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: Convulsions (sixth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: Baby's feet came first 420. Around the time of the birth (NAME), did you have any of the following problems: Long labor, that is, did your regular contractions last more than 18 hours? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Excessive bleeding that was so much that you feared it was life threatening? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 A high fever with bad smelling vaginal discharge? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Convulsions? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Baby's hands and feet came first during delivery? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 DELPROBREECH_ALL indicates whether the woman experienced a breech birth, in which the child's hands or feet came out first during delivery. DELPROBREECH_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (DELPROBREECH_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., DELPROBREECH_02, DELPROBREECH_03, DELPROBREECH_04, DELPROBREECH_05, and DELPROBREECH_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If DELPROBREECH_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then DELPROBREECH_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. Some surveys, specified in the Comparability section, collected this information for the last-born child only. 1 DELPROBREECH_ALL available Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: Baby's feet came first (last birth) 420. Around the time of the birth (NAME), did you have any of the following problems: Long labor, that is, did your regular contractions last more than 18 hours? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Excessive bleeding that was so much that you feared it was life threatening? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 A high fever with bad smelling vaginal discharge? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Convulsions? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Baby's hands and feet came first during delivery? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 DELPROBREECH_01 indicates whether the woman experienced a breech birth, in which the child's hands or feet came out first during delivery (for the last birth). 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: Baby's feet came first (second to last birth) 420. Around the time of the birth (NAME), did you have any of the following problems: Long labor, that is, did your regular contractions last more than 18 hours? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Excessive bleeding that was so much that you feared it was life threatening? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 A high fever with bad smelling vaginal discharge? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Convulsions? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Baby's hands and feet came first during delivery? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: Baby's feet came first (third to last birth) 420. Around the time of the birth (NAME), did you have any of the following problems: Long labor, that is, did your regular contractions last more than 18 hours? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Excessive bleeding that was so much that you feared it was life threatening? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 A high fever with bad smelling vaginal discharge? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Convulsions? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Baby's hands and feet came first during delivery? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: Baby's feet came first (fourth to last birth) 420. Around the time of the birth (NAME), did you have any of the following problems: Long labor, that is, did your regular contractions last more than 18 hours? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Excessive bleeding that was so much that you feared it was life threatening? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 A high fever with bad smelling vaginal discharge? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Convulsions? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Baby's hands and feet came first during delivery? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: Baby's feet came first (fifth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: Baby's feet came first (sixth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Family welfare visitor gave delivery care (Bangladesh) 425. Who assisted with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS ASSISTING. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F RELATIVES G OTHER (SPECIFY) Z NO ONE Z For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELBD1_ALL indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported a family welfare visitor gave delivery care for a recent birth. This response category is country-specific to Bangladesh. DELBD1_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (DELBD1_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., DELBD1_02, DELBD1_03, DELBD1_04, DELBD1_05, and DELBD1_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If DELBD1_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. 1 DELBD1_ALL available Maternal delivery care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Family welfare visitor gave delivery care for last birth (Bangladesh) 425. Who assisted with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS ASSISTING. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F RELATIVES G OTHER (SPECIFY) Z NO ONE Z For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELBD1_01 indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported a family welfare visitor gave delivery care (for the last birth). This response category is country-specific to Bangladesh. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Family welfare visitor gave delivery care for second to last birth (Bangladesh) 425. Who assisted with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS ASSISTING. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F RELATIVES G OTHER (SPECIFY) Z NO ONE Z 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Family welfare visitor gave delivery care for third to last birth (Bangladesh) 425. Who assisted with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS ASSISTING. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F RELATIVES G OTHER (SPECIFY) Z NO ONE Z 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Family welfare visitor gave delivery care for fourth to last birth (Bangladesh) 425. Who assisted with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS ASSISTING. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F RELATIVES G OTHER (SPECIFY) Z NO ONE Z 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Family welfare visitor gave delivery care for fifth to last birth (Bangladesh) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Unqualified doctor gave delivery care (Bangladesh) 425. Who assisted with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS ASSISTING. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F RELATIVES G OTHER (SPECIFY) Z NO ONE Z For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELBD2_ALL indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported an unqualified doctor gave delivery care for a recent birth. This response category is country-specific to Bangladesh. DELBD2_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (DELBD2_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., DELBD2_02, DELBD2_03, DELBD2_04, DELBD2_05, and DELBD2_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If DELBD2_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. 1 DELBD2_ALL available Maternal delivery care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Unqualified doctor gave delivery care for last birth (Bangladesh) 425. Who assisted with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS ASSISTING. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F RELATIVES G OTHER (SPECIFY) Z NO ONE Z For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELBD2_01 indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported an unqualified doctor gave delivery care (for the last birth). This response category is country-specific to Bangladesh. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Unqualified doctor gave delivery care for second to last birth (Bangladesh) 425. Who assisted with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS ASSISTING. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F RELATIVES G OTHER (SPECIFY) Z NO ONE Z 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Unqualified doctor gave delivery care for third to last birth (Bangladesh) 425. Who assisted with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS ASSISTING. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F RELATIVES G OTHER (SPECIFY) Z NO ONE Z 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Unqualified doctor gave delivery care for fourth to last birth (Bangladesh) 425. Who assisted with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS ASSISTING. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F RELATIVES G OTHER (SPECIFY) Z NO ONE Z 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Unqualified doctor gave delivery care for fifth to last birth (Bangladesh) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Woman had health check by professional after birth 428. After (NAME) was born, did any medical persons check on your health? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 432) For women who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey, DELPPCHKB_ALL (M50_x) indicates whether the woman received a health check after delivering her child. DELPPCHKB_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (DELPPCHKB_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., DELPPCHKB_02, DELPPCHKB_03, DELPPCHKB_04, DELPPCHKB_05, and DELPPCHKB_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If DELPPCHKB_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then DELPPCHKB_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. Many surveys, specified in the Comparability section, collected this information for the most recent birth only (DELPPCHKB_01). 1 DELPPCHKB_ALL available Postpartum care Variables -- TOPICS Woman had health check by professional after last birth 428. After (NAME) was born, did any medical persons check on your health? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 432) For women who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey, DELPPCHKB_01 (M50_1) indicates whether the woman received a health check after delivering her last child. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Postpartum care Variables -- TOPICS Woman had health check by professional after second to last birth 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Postpartum care Variables -- TOPICS Woman had health check by professional after third to last birth 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Postpartum care Variables -- TOPICS Woman had health check by professional after fourth to last birth 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Postpartum care Variables -- TOPICS Woman had health check by professional after fuifth to last birth 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Postpartum care Variables -- TOPICS Woman had health check by professional after sixth to last birth 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Postpartum care Variables -- TOPICS Respondent health check timing 429. How many days or weeks after the delivery did the first check takes place? RECORD '00' DAYS IF SAME DAY DAYS AFTER DELIVERY 1 ___ WEEKS AFTER DELIVERY 2 ___ DON'T KNOW 998 For women who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey and who received a health check after delivering their child, DELPPCHKBTIM_ALL (M51_x) reports the timing of their postpartum health check in hours, days or weeks. DELPPCHKBTIM_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (DELPPCHKBTIM_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., DELPPCHKBTIM_02, DELPPCHKBTIM_03, DELPPCHKBTIM_04, DELPPCHKBTIM_05, and DELPPCHKBTIM_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If DELPPCHKBTIM_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. Most surveys collected this information for only the most recent birth (DELPPCHKBTIM_01). Surveys in which the data were collected for additional births are noted in the comparability section. The related variable DELPPCHKB_ALL (M50_x) indicates whether the woman received a postpartum health check. 1 DELPPCHKBTIM_ALL available Postpartum care Variables -- TOPICS Respondent health check timing (last birth) 429. How many days or weeks after the delivery did the first check takes place? RECORD '00' DAYS IF SAME DAY DAYS AFTER DELIVERY 1 ___ WEEKS AFTER DELIVERY 2 ___ DON'T KNOW 998 See DELPPCHKBTIM_ALL. 100 100: Immediately, within first hour 101 101: 1 hour 102 102 103 103 104 104 105 105 106 106 107 107 108 108 109 109 110 110 111 111 112 112 113 113 114 114 115 115 116 116 117 117 118 118 119 119 120 120 121 121 122 122 123 123 124 124 125 125 126 126 127 127 128 128 129 129 130 130 131 131 132 132 133 133 134 134 135 135 136 136 137 137 138 138 139 139 140 140 141 141 142 142 143 143 144 144 145 145 146 146 147 147 148 148 149 149 150 150 151 151 152 152 153 153 154 154 155 155 156 156 157 157 158 158 159 159 160 160 161 161 162 162 163 163 164 164 165 165 166 166 167 167 168 168 169 169 170 170 171 171 172 172 173 173 174 174 175 175 176 176 177 177 178 178 179 179 180 180 181 181 182 182 183 183 184 184 185 185 186 186 187 187 188 188 189 189 190 190 199 199: Hours, number missing 200 200: Same day 201 201: 1 day 202 202 203 203 204 204 205 205 206 206 207 207 208 208 209 209 210 210 211 211 212 212 213 213 214 214 215 215 216 216 217 217 218 218 219 219 220 220 221 221 222 222 223 223 224 224 225 225 226 226 227 227 228 228 229 229 230 230 231 231 232 232 233 233 234 234 235 235 236 236 237 237 238 238 239 239 240 240 241 241 242 242 243 243 244 244 245 245 246 246 247 247 248 248 249 249 250 250 251 251 252 252 253 253 254 254 255 255 256 256 257 257 258 258 259 259 260 260 261 261 262 262 263 263 264 264 265 265 266 266 267 267 268 268 269 269 270 270 271 271 272 272 273 273 274 274 275 275 276 276 277 277 278 278 279 279 280 280 281 281 282 282 283 283 284 284 285 285 286 286 287 287 288 288 289 289 290 290 299 299: Days, number missing 300 300: Same week 301 301: 1 week 302 302 303 303 304 304 305 305 306 306 307 307 308 308 309 309 310 310 311 311 312 312 313 313 314 314 315 315 316 316 317 317 318 318 319 319 320 320 321 321 322 322 323 323 324 324 325 325 326 326 327 327 328 328 329 329 330 330 331 331 332 332 333 333 334 334 335 335 336 336 337 337 338 338 339 339 340 340 341 341 342 342 343 343 344 344 345 345 346 346 347 347 348 348 349 349 350 350 351 351 352 352 353 353 354 354 355 355 356 356 357 357 358 358 359 359 360 360 361 361 362 362 363 363 364 364 365 365 366 366 367 367 368 368 369 369 370 370 371 371 372 372 373 373 374 374 375 375 376 376 377 377 378 378 379 379 380 380 381 381 382 382 383 383 384 384 385 385 386 386 387 387 388 388 389 389 390 390 399 399: Weeks, number missing 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Postpartum care Variables -- TOPICS Respondent health check timing (second to last birth) 100 100: Immediately, within first hour 101 101: 1 hour 102 102 103 103 104 104 105 105 106 106 107 107 108 108 109 109 110 110 111 111 112 112 113 113 114 114 115 115 116 116 117 117 118 118 119 119 120 120 121 121 122 122 123 123 124 124 125 125 126 126 127 127 128 128 129 129 130 130 131 131 132 132 133 133 134 134 135 135 136 136 137 137 138 138 139 139 140 140 141 141 142 142 143 143 144 144 145 145 146 146 147 147 148 148 149 149 150 150 151 151 152 152 153 153 154 154 155 155 156 156 157 157 158 158 159 159 160 160 161 161 162 162 163 163 164 164 165 165 166 166 167 167 168 168 169 169 170 170 171 171 172 172 173 173 174 174 175 175 176 176 177 177 178 178 179 179 180 180 181 181 182 182 183 183 184 184 185 185 186 186 187 187 188 188 189 189 190 190 199 199: Hours, number missing 200 200: Same day 201 201: 1 day 202 202 203 203 204 204 205 205 206 206 207 207 208 208 209 209 210 210 211 211 212 212 213 213 214 214 215 215 216 216 217 217 218 218 219 219 220 220 221 221 222 222 223 223 224 224 225 225 226 226 227 227 228 228 229 229 230 230 231 231 232 232 233 233 234 234 235 235 236 236 237 237 238 238 239 239 240 240 241 241 242 242 243 243 244 244 245 245 246 246 247 247 248 248 249 249 250 250 251 251 252 252 253 253 254 254 255 255 256 256 257 257 258 258 259 259 260 260 261 261 262 262 263 263 264 264 265 265 266 266 267 267 268 268 269 269 270 270 271 271 272 272 273 273 274 274 275 275 276 276 277 277 278 278 279 279 280 280 281 281 282 282 283 283 284 284 285 285 286 286 287 287 288 288 289 289 290 290 299 299: Days, number missing 300 300: Same week 301 301: 1 week 302 302 303 303 304 304 305 305 306 306 307 307 308 308 309 309 310 310 311 311 312 312 313 313 314 314 315 315 316 316 317 317 318 318 319 319 320 320 321 321 322 322 323 323 324 324 325 325 326 326 327 327 328 328 329 329 330 330 331 331 332 332 333 333 334 334 335 335 336 336 337 337 338 338 339 339 340 340 341 341 342 342 343 343 344 344 345 345 346 346 347 347 348 348 349 349 350 350 351 351 352 352 353 353 354 354 355 355 356 356 357 357 358 358 359 359 360 360 361 361 362 362 363 363 364 364 365 365 366 366 367 367 368 368 369 369 370 370 371 371 372 372 373 373 374 374 375 375 376 376 377 377 378 378 379 379 380 380 381 381 382 382 383 383 384 384 385 385 386 386 387 387 388 388 389 389 390 390 399 399: Weeks, number missing 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Postpartum care Variables -- TOPICS Respondent health check timing (third to last birth) 100 100: Immediately, within first hour 101 101: 1 hour 102 102 103 103 104 104 105 105 106 106 107 107 108 108 109 109 110 110 111 111 112 112 113 113 114 114 115 115 116 116 117 117 118 118 119 119 120 120 121 121 122 122 123 123 124 124 125 125 126 126 127 127 128 128 129 129 130 130 131 131 132 132 133 133 134 134 135 135 136 136 137 137 138 138 139 139 140 140 141 141 142 142 143 143 144 144 145 145 146 146 147 147 148 148 149 149 150 150 151 151 152 152 153 153 154 154 155 155 156 156 157 157 158 158 159 159 160 160 161 161 162 162 163 163 164 164 165 165 166 166 167 167 168 168 169 169 170 170 171 171 172 172 173 173 174 174 175 175 176 176 177 177 178 178 179 179 180 180 181 181 182 182 183 183 184 184 185 185 186 186 187 187 188 188 189 189 190 190 199 199: Hours, number missing 200 200: Same day 201 201: 1 day 202 202 203 203 204 204 205 205 206 206 207 207 208 208 209 209 210 210 211 211 212 212 213 213 214 214 215 215 216 216 217 217 218 218 219 219 220 220 221 221 222 222 223 223 224 224 225 225 226 226 227 227 228 228 229 229 230 230 231 231 232 232 233 233 234 234 235 235 236 236 237 237 238 238 239 239 240 240 241 241 242 242 243 243 244 244 245 245 246 246 247 247 248 248 249 249 250 250 251 251 252 252 253 253 254 254 255 255 256 256 257 257 258 258 259 259 260 260 261 261 262 262 263 263 264 264 265 265 266 266 267 267 268 268 269 269 270 270 271 271 272 272 273 273 274 274 275 275 276 276 277 277 278 278 279 279 280 280 281 281 282 282 283 283 284 284 285 285 286 286 287 287 288 288 289 289 290 290 299 299: Days, number missing 300 300: Same week 301 301: 1 week 302 302 303 303 304 304 305 305 306 306 307 307 308 308 309 309 310 310 311 311 312 312 313 313 314 314 315 315 316 316 317 317 318 318 319 319 320 320 321 321 322 322 323 323 324 324 325 325 326 326 327 327 328 328 329 329 330 330 331 331 332 332 333 333 334 334 335 335 336 336 337 337 338 338 339 339 340 340 341 341 342 342 343 343 344 344 345 345 346 346 347 347 348 348 349 349 350 350 351 351 352 352 353 353 354 354 355 355 356 356 357 357 358 358 359 359 360 360 361 361 362 362 363 363 364 364 365 365 366 366 367 367 368 368 369 369 370 370 371 371 372 372 373 373 374 374 375 375 376 376 377 377 378 378 379 379 380 380 381 381 382 382 383 383 384 384 385 385 386 386 387 387 388 388 389 389 390 390 399 399: Weeks, number missing 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Postpartum care Variables -- TOPICS Respondent health check timing (fourth to last birth) 100 100: Immediately, within first hour 101 101: 1 hour 102 102 103 103 104 104 105 105 106 106 107 107 108 108 109 109 110 110 111 111 112 112 113 113 114 114 115 115 116 116 117 117 118 118 119 119 120 120 121 121 122 122 123 123 124 124 125 125 126 126 127 127 128 128 129 129 130 130 131 131 132 132 133 133 134 134 135 135 136 136 137 137 138 138 139 139 140 140 141 141 142 142 143 143 144 144 145 145 146 146 147 147 148 148 149 149 150 150 151 151 152 152 153 153 154 154 155 155 156 156 157 157 158 158 159 159 160 160 161 161 162 162 163 163 164 164 165 165 166 166 167 167 168 168 169 169 170 170 171 171 172 172 173 173 174 174 175 175 176 176 177 177 178 178 179 179 180 180 181 181 182 182 183 183 184 184 185 185 186 186 187 187 188 188 189 189 190 190 199 199: Hours, number missing 200 200: Same day 201 201: 1 day 202 202 203 203 204 204 205 205 206 206 207 207 208 208 209 209 210 210 211 211 212 212 213 213 214 214 215 215 216 216 217 217 218 218 219 219 220 220 221 221 222 222 223 223 224 224 225 225 226 226 227 227 228 228 229 229 230 230 231 231 232 232 233 233 234 234 235 235 236 236 237 237 238 238 239 239 240 240 241 241 242 242 243 243 244 244 245 245 246 246 247 247 248 248 249 249 250 250 251 251 252 252 253 253 254 254 255 255 256 256 257 257 258 258 259 259 260 260 261 261 262 262 263 263 264 264 265 265 266 266 267 267 268 268 269 269 270 270 271 271 272 272 273 273 274 274 275 275 276 276 277 277 278 278 279 279 280 280 281 281 282 282 283 283 284 284 285 285 286 286 287 287 288 288 289 289 290 290 299 299: Days, number missing 300 300: Same week 301 301: 1 week 302 302 303 303 304 304 305 305 306 306 307 307 308 308 309 309 310 310 311 311 312 312 313 313 314 314 315 315 316 316 317 317 318 318 319 319 320 320 321 321 322 322 323 323 324 324 325 325 326 326 327 327 328 328 329 329 330 330 331 331 332 332 333 333 334 334 335 335 336 336 337 337 338 338 339 339 340 340 341 341 342 342 343 343 344 344 345 345 346 346 347 347 348 348 349 349 350 350 351 351 352 352 353 353 354 354 355 355 356 356 357 357 358 358 359 359 360 360 361 361 362 362 363 363 364 364 365 365 366 366 367 367 368 368 369 369 370 370 371 371 372 372 373 373 374 374 375 375 376 376 377 377 378 378 379 379 380 380 381 381 382 382 383 383 384 384 385 385 386 386 387 387 388 388 389 389 390 390 399 399: Weeks, number missing 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Postpartum care Variables -- TOPICS Respondent health check timing (fifth to last birth) 100 100: Immediately, within first hour 101 101: 1 hour 102 102 103 103 104 104 105 105 106 106 107 107 108 108 109 109 110 110 111 111 112 112 113 113 114 114 115 115 116 116 117 117 118 118 119 119 120 120 121 121 122 122 123 123 124 124 125 125 126 126 127 127 128 128 129 129 130 130 131 131 132 132 133 133 134 134 135 135 136 136 137 137 138 138 139 139 140 140 141 141 142 142 143 143 144 144 145 145 146 146 147 147 148 148 149 149 150 150 151 151 152 152 153 153 154 154 155 155 156 156 157 157 158 158 159 159 160 160 161 161 162 162 163 163 164 164 165 165 166 166 167 167 168 168 169 169 170 170 171 171 172 172 173 173 174 174 175 175 176 176 177 177 178 178 179 179 180 180 181 181 182 182 183 183 184 184 185 185 186 186 187 187 188 188 189 189 190 190 199 199: Hours, number missing 200 200: Same day 201 201: 1 day 202 202 203 203 204 204 205 205 206 206 207 207 208 208 209 209 210 210 211 211 212 212 213 213 214 214 215 215 216 216 217 217 218 218 219 219 220 220 221 221 222 222 223 223 224 224 225 225 226 226 227 227 228 228 229 229 230 230 231 231 232 232 233 233 234 234 235 235 236 236 237 237 238 238 239 239 240 240 241 241 242 242 243 243 244 244 245 245 246 246 247 247 248 248 249 249 250 250 251 251 252 252 253 253 254 254 255 255 256 256 257 257 258 258 259 259 260 260 261 261 262 262 263 263 264 264 265 265 266 266 267 267 268 268 269 269 270 270 271 271 272 272 273 273 274 274 275 275 276 276 277 277 278 278 279 279 280 280 281 281 282 282 283 283 284 284 285 285 286 286 287 287 288 288 289 289 290 290 299 299: Days, number missing 300 300: Same week 301 301: 1 week 302 302 303 303 304 304 305 305 306 306 307 307 308 308 309 309 310 310 311 311 312 312 313 313 314 314 315 315 316 316 317 317 318 318 319 319 320 320 321 321 322 322 323 323 324 324 325 325 326 326 327 327 328 328 329 329 330 330 331 331 332 332 333 333 334 334 335 335 336 336 337 337 338 338 339 339 340 340 341 341 342 342 343 343 344 344 345 345 346 346 347 347 348 348 349 349 350 350 351 351 352 352 353 353 354 354 355 355 356 356 357 357 358 358 359 359 360 360 361 361 362 362 363 363 364 364 365 365 366 366 367 367 368 368 369 369 370 370 371 371 372 372 373 373 374 374 375 375 376 376 377 377 378 378 379 379 380 380 381 381 382 382 383 383 384 384 385 385 386 386 387 387 388 388 389 389 390 390 399 399: Weeks, number missing 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Postpartum care Variables -- TOPICS Respondent health check timing (sixth to last birth) 100 100: Immediately, within first hour 101 101: 1 hour 102 102 103 103 104 104 105 105 106 106 107 107 108 108 109 109 110 110 111 111 112 112 113 113 114 114 115 115 116 116 117 117 118 118 119 119 120 120 121 121 122 122 123 123 124 124 125 125 126 126 127 127 128 128 129 129 130 130 131 131 132 132 133 133 134 134 135 135 136 136 137 137 138 138 139 139 140 140 141 141 142 142 143 143 144 144 145 145 146 146 147 147 148 148 149 149 150 150 151 151 152 152 153 153 154 154 155 155 156 156 157 157 158 158 159 159 160 160 161 161 162 162 163 163 164 164 165 165 166 166 167 167 168 168 169 169 170 170 171 171 172 172 173 173 174 174 175 175 176 176 177 177 178 178 179 179 180 180 181 181 182 182 183 183 184 184 185 185 186 186 187 187 188 188 189 189 190 190 199 199: Hours, number missing 200 200: Same day 201 201: 1 day 202 202 203 203 204 204 205 205 206 206 207 207 208 208 209 209 210 210 211 211 212 212 213 213 214 214 215 215 216 216 217 217 218 218 219 219 220 220 221 221 222 222 223 223 224 224 225 225 226 226 227 227 228 228 229 229 230 230 231 231 232 232 233 233 234 234 235 235 236 236 237 237 238 238 239 239 240 240 241 241 242 242 243 243 244 244 245 245 246 246 247 247 248 248 249 249 250 250 251 251 252 252 253 253 254 254 255 255 256 256 257 257 258 258 259 259 260 260 261 261 262 262 263 263 264 264 265 265 266 266 267 267 268 268 269 269 270 270 271 271 272 272 273 273 274 274 275 275 276 276 277 277 278 278 279 279 280 280 281 281 282 282 283 283 284 284 285 285 286 286 287 287 288 288 289 289 290 290 299 299: Days, number missing 300 300: Same week 301 301: 1 week 302 302 303 303 304 304 305 305 306 306 307 307 308 308 309 309 310 310 311 311 312 312 313 313 314 314 315 315 316 316 317 317 318 318 319 319 320 320 321 321 322 322 323 323 324 324 325 325 326 326 327 327 328 328 329 329 330 330 331 331 332 332 333 333 334 334 335 335 336 336 337 337 338 338 339 339 340 340 341 341 342 342 343 343 344 344 345 345 346 346 347 347 348 348 349 349 350 350 351 351 352 352 353 353 354 354 355 355 356 356 357 357 358 358 359 359 360 360 361 361 362 362 363 363 364 364 365 365 366 366 367 367 368 368 369 369 370 370 371 371 372 372 373 373 374 374 375 375 376 376 377 377 378 378 379 379 380 380 381 381 382 382 383 383 384 384 385 385 386 386 387 387 388 388 389 389 390 390 399 399: Weeks, number missing 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Postpartum care Variables -- TOPICS Who checked respondent's health after delivery: Doctor 430. Who check on your health at that time? PROBE FOR THE MOST QUALIFIED PERSON. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F OTHER (SPECIFY) X DELPPCHKBDOC_ALL indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported she received a health check from a doctor after delivering her child. DELPPCHKBDOC_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (DELPPCHKBDOC_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., DELPPCHKBDOC_02, DELPPCHKBDOC_03, DELPPCHKBDOC_04, DELPPCHKBDOC_05, and DELPPCHKBDOC_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If DELPPCHKBDOC_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. 1 DELPPCHKBDOC_ALL available Postpartum care Variables -- TOPICS Who checked respondent's health after delivery: Doctor (last birth) 430. Who check on your health at that time? PROBE FOR THE MOST QUALIFIED PERSON. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F OTHER (SPECIFY) X 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Postpartum care Variables -- TOPICS Who checked respondent's health after delivery: Doctor (second-to-last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Postpartum care Variables -- TOPICS Who checked respondent's health after delivery: Doctor (third-to-last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Postpartum care Variables -- TOPICS Who checked respondent's health after delivery: Doctor (fourth-to-last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Postpartum care Variables -- TOPICS Who checked respondent's health after delivery: Doctor (fifth-to-last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) Postpartum care Variables -- TOPICS Who checked respondent's health after delivery: Nurse/midwife 430. Who check on your health at that time? PROBE FOR THE MOST QUALIFIED PERSON. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F OTHER (SPECIFY) X DELPPCHKBNURM_ALL indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported she received a health check from a nurse or midwife after delivering her child. DELPPCHKBNURM_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (DELPPCHKBNURM_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., DELPPCHKBNURM_02, DELPPCHKBNURM_03, DELPPCHKBNURM_04, DELPPCHKBNURM_05, and DELPPCHKBNURM_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If DELPPCHKBNURM_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. 1 DELPPCHKBNURM_ALL available Postpartum care Variables -- TOPICS Who checked respondent's health after delivery: Nurse/midwife (last birth) 430. Who check on your health at that time? PROBE FOR THE MOST QUALIFIED PERSON. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F OTHER (SPECIFY) X 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Postpartum care Variables -- TOPICS Who checked respondent's health after delivery: Nurse/midwife (second-to-last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Postpartum care Variables -- TOPICS Who checked respondent's health after delivery: Nurse/midwife (third-to-last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Postpartum care Variables -- TOPICS Who checked respondent's health after delivery: Nurse/midwife (fourth-to-last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Postpartum care Variables -- TOPICS Who checked respondent's health after delivery: Nurse/midwife (fifth-to-last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) Postpartum care Variables -- TOPICS Who checked respondent's health after delivery: Traditional birth attendant 430. Who check on your health at that time? PROBE FOR THE MOST QUALIFIED PERSON. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F OTHER (SPECIFY) X DELPPCHKBTBA_ALL indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported she received a health check from a traditional birth attendant (TBA) after delivering her child. DELPPCHKBTBA_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (DELPPCHKBTBA_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., DELPPCHKBTBA_02, DELPPCHKBTBA_03, DELPPCHKBTBA_04, DELPPCHKBTBA_05, and DELPPCHKBTBA_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If DELPPCHKBTBA_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. 1 DELPPCHKBTBA_ALL available Postpartum care Variables -- TOPICS Who checked respondent's health after delivery: Traditional birth attendant (last birth) 430. Who check on your health at that time? PROBE FOR THE MOST QUALIFIED PERSON. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F OTHER (SPECIFY) X 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Postpartum care Variables -- TOPICS Who checked respondent's health after delivery: Traditional birth attendant (second-to-last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Postpartum care Variables -- TOPICS Who checked respondent's health after delivery: Traditional birth attendant (third-to-last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Postpartum care Variables -- TOPICS Who checked respondent's health after delivery: Traditional birth attendant (fourth-to-last birth) 8 Missing 7 Don't know 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) Postpartum care Variables -- TOPICS Who checked respondent's health after delivery: Traditional birth attendant (fifth-to-last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) Postpartum care Variables -- TOPICS Who checked respondent's health after delivery: Other 430. Who check on your health at that time? PROBE FOR THE MOST QUALIFIED PERSON. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F OTHER (SPECIFY) X DELPPCHKBOTH_ALL indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported she received a health check from some other person after delivering her child. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific categories included in a particular sample. DELPPCHKBOTH_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (DELPPCHKBOTH_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., DELPPCHKBOTH_02, DELPPCHKBOTH_03, DELPPCHKBOTH_04, DELPPCHKBOTH_05, and DELPPCHKBOTH_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If DELPPCHKBOTH_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. 1 DELPPCHKBOTH_ALL available Postpartum care Variables -- TOPICS Who checked respondent's health after delivery: Other (last birth) 430. Who check on your health at that time? PROBE FOR THE MOST QUALIFIED PERSON. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F OTHER (SPECIFY) X 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Postpartum care Variables -- TOPICS Who checked respondent's health after delivery: Other (second-to-last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Postpartum care Variables -- TOPICS Who checked respondent's health after delivery: Other (third-to-last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Postpartum care Variables -- TOPICS Who checked respondent's health after delivery: Other (fourth-to-last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Postpartum care Variables -- TOPICS Who checked respondent's health after delivery: Other (fifth-to-last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) Postpartum care Variables -- TOPICS Place for respondent's postpartum health check 431. Where did this first check take place? HOME OWN HOME 01 OTHER HOME 02 PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL OR MEDICAL COLLEGE 11 FAMILY WELFARE CENTRE 12 THANA HEALTH COMPLEX 13 SATELLITE CLINIC OR EPI OUTREACH SITE 14 MATERNAL AND CHILD WELFARE CENTER (MCWC) 15 NGO SECTOR NGO STATIC CLINIC 21 NGO SATELLITE CLINIC 22 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC 31 QUALIFIED DOCTOR 32 TRADITIONAL DOCTOR 33 PHARMACY 34 OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 For women who gave birth in the five years before the survey and who received a health check after delivering their child, DELPPCHKBLOC_ALL (M53_X) reports where the respondent's postpartum health check took place (for a recent birth). Response categories vary across samples. See Comparability. DELPPCHKBLOC_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (DELPPCHKBLOC_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., DELPPCHKBLOC_02, DELPPCHKBLOC_03, DELPPCHKBLOC_04, DELPPCHKBLOC_05, and DELPPCHKBLOC_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If DELPPCHKBLOC_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. 1 DELPPCHKBLOC_ALL available Postpartum care Variables -- TOPICS Place for respondent's postpartum health check (last birth) 431. Where did this first check take place? HOME OWN HOME 01 OTHER HOME 02 PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL OR MEDICAL COLLEGE 11 FAMILY WELFARE CENTRE 12 THANA HEALTH COMPLEX 13 SATELLITE CLINIC OR EPI OUTREACH SITE 14 MATERNAL AND CHILD WELFARE CENTER (MCWC) 15 NGO SECTOR NGO STATIC CLINIC 21 NGO SATELLITE CLINIC 22 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC 31 QUALIFIED DOCTOR 32 TRADITIONAL DOCTOR 33 PHARMACY 34 OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 See DELPPCHKBLOC_ALL. 1000 HOME 1100 Respondent's home 1200 Nurse's home 1300 TBA's home 1900 Other home 2000 PUBLIC SECTOR 2100 Government hospital 2110 National/central hospital 2120 Provincial/regional hospital 2130 Urban hospital 2140 District/rural hospital 2141 District hospital 2142 Rural hospital 2200 Government health center 2210 Referral health center 2220 Community health center 2230 Urban health center 2240 Rural health center 2250 Family welfare center 2300 Government outreach 2310 Government health post 2311 Village health post 2320 Government mobile clinic 2400 Government maternal and child health (MCH) center 2500 Government pharmacy/dispensary 2900 Other public sector 2901 Health station/clinic 2902 Health office 2903 Community clinic 3000 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR 3100 Private hospital/clinic 3110 Private hospital 3200 Private doctor 3210 Qualified doctor 3220 Unqualified doctor 3300 Private health center 3400 Private pharmacy/dispensary 3500 Private maternity home 3600 Private mobile clinic 3900 Other private medical sector 3901 Traditional birth attendant 4000 NGO FACILITY 4100 NGO health facility 4110 Static clinic 4120 Satellite clinic 4200 Country-specific NGOs 4201 CSI 4900 Other NGO 5000 RELIGIOUS/MISSION 5100 Religious hospital/clinic 5110 Religious hospital 5111 Religious referral/specialty hospital 5112 Religious district hospital 5200 Religious health center/dispensary 5210 Religious health center 5220 Religious dispensary 9995 Other 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) 2150 University hospital 2160 Military hospital 2260 Primary health center 3111 Private university hospital 3120 Private clinic 3121 Private GP clinic 3122 Private specialist clinic 4130 Red Cross Postpartum care Variables -- TOPICS Place for respondent's postpartum health check (second to last birth) 1000 HOME 1100 Respondent's home 1200 Nurse's home 1300 TBA's home 1900 Other home 2000 PUBLIC SECTOR 2100 Government hospital 2110 National/central hospital 2120 Provincial/regional hospital 2130 Urban hospital 2140 District/rural hospital 2141 District hospital 2142 Rural hospital 2200 Government health center 2210 Referral health center 2220 Community health center 2230 Urban health center 2240 Rural health center 2250 Family welfare center 2300 Government outreach 2310 Government health post 2311 Village health post 2320 Government mobile clinic 2400 Government maternal and child health (MCH) center 2500 Government pharmacy/dispensary 2900 Other public sector 2901 Health station/clinic 2902 Health office 2903 Community clinic 3000 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR 3100 Private hospital/clinic 3110 Private hospital 3200 Private doctor 3210 Qualified doctor 3220 Unqualified doctor 3300 Private health center 3400 Private pharmacy/dispensary 3500 Private maternity home 3600 Private mobile clinic 3900 Other private medical sector 3901 Traditional birth attendant 4000 NGO FACILITY 4100 NGO health facility 4110 Static clinic 4120 Satellite clinic 4200 Country-specific NGOs 4201 CSI 4900 Other NGO 5000 RELIGIOUS/MISSION 5100 Religious hospital/clinic 5110 Religious hospital 5111 Religious referral/specialty hospital 5112 Religious district hospital 5200 Religious health center/dispensary 5210 Religious health center 5220 Religious dispensary 9995 Other 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) 2150 University hospital 2160 Military hospital 3111 Private university hospital 3120 Private clinic 3121 Private GP clinic 3122 Private specialist clinic Postpartum care Variables -- TOPICS Place for respondent's postpartum health check (third to last birth) 1000 HOME 1100 Respondent's home 1200 Nurse's home 1300 TBA's home 1900 Other home 2000 PUBLIC SECTOR 2100 Government hospital 2110 National/central hospital 2120 Provincial/regional hospital 2130 Urban hospital 2140 District/rural hospital 2141 District hospital 2142 Rural hospital 2200 Government health center 2210 Referral health center 2220 Community health center 2230 Urban health center 2240 Rural health center 2250 Family welfare center 2300 Government outreach 2310 Government health post 2311 Village health post 2320 Government mobile clinic 2400 Government maternal and child health (MCH) center 2500 Government pharmacy/dispensary 2900 Other public sector 2901 Health station/clinic 2902 Health office 2903 Community clinic 3000 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR 3100 Private hospital/clinic 3110 Private hospital 3200 Private doctor 3210 Qualified doctor 3220 Unqualified doctor 3300 Private health center 3400 Private pharmacy/dispensary 3500 Private maternity home 3600 Private mobile clinic 3900 Other private medical sector 3901 Traditional birth attendant 4000 NGO FACILITY 4100 NGO health facility 4110 Static clinic 4120 Satellite clinic 4200 Country-specific NGOs 4201 CSI 4900 Other NGO 5000 RELIGIOUS/MISSION 5100 Religious hospital/clinic 5110 Religious hospital 5111 Religious referral/specialty hospital 5112 Religious district hospital 5200 Religious health center/dispensary 5210 Religious health center 5220 Religious dispensary 9995 Other 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) 2150 University hospital 2160 Military hospital 3111 Private university hospital 3120 Private clinic 3121 Private GP clinic 3122 Private specialist clinic Postpartum care Variables -- TOPICS Place for respondent's postpartum health check (fourth to last birth) 1000 HOME 1100 Respondent's home 1200 Nurse's home 1300 TBA's home 1900 Other home 2000 PUBLIC SECTOR 2100 Government hospital 2110 National/central hospital 2120 Provincial/regional hospital 2130 Urban hospital 2140 District/rural hospital 2141 District hospital 2142 Rural hospital 2200 Government health center 2210 Referral health center 2220 Community health center 2230 Urban health center 2240 Rural health center 2250 Family welfare center 2300 Government outreach 2310 Government health post 2311 Village health post 2320 Government mobile clinic 2400 Government maternal and child health (MCH) center 2500 Government pharmacy/dispensary 2900 Other public sector 2901 Health station/clinic 2902 Health office 2903 Community clinic 3000 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR 3100 Private hospital/clinic 3110 Private hospital 3200 Private doctor 3210 Qualified doctor 3220 Unqualified doctor 3300 Private health center 3400 Private pharmacy/dispensary 3500 Private maternity home 3600 Private mobile clinic 3900 Other private medical sector 3901 Traditional birth attendant 4000 NGO FACILITY 4100 NGO health facility 4110 Static clinic 4120 Satellite clinic 4200 Country-specific NGOs 4201 CSI 4900 Other NGO 5000 RELIGIOUS/MISSION 5100 Religious hospital/clinic 5110 Religious hospital 5111 Religious referral/specialty hospital 5112 Religious district hospital 5200 Religious health center/dispensary 5210 Religious health center 5220 Religious dispensary 9995 Other 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) 2150 University hospital 2160 Military hospital 3111 Private university hospital 3120 Private clinic 3121 Private GP clinic 3122 Private specialist clinic Postpartum care Variables -- TOPICS Place for respondent's postpartum health check (fifth to last birth) 1000 HOME 1100 Respondent's home 1200 Nurse's home 1300 TBA's home 1900 Other home 2000 PUBLIC SECTOR 2100 Government hospital 2110 National/central hospital 2120 Provincial/regional hospital 2130 Urban hospital 2140 District/rural hospital 2141 District hospital 2142 Rural hospital 2200 Government health center 2210 Referral health center 2220 Community health center 2230 Urban health center 2240 Rural health center 2250 Family welfare center 2300 Government outreach 2310 Government health post 2311 Village health post 2320 Government mobile clinic 2400 Government maternal and child health (MCH) center 2500 Government pharmacy/dispensary 2900 Other public sector 2901 Health station/clinic 2902 Health office 2903 Community clinic 3000 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR 3100 Private hospital/clinic 3110 Private hospital 3200 Private doctor 3210 Qualified doctor 3220 Unqualified doctor 3300 Private health center 3400 Private pharmacy/dispensary 3500 Private maternity home 3600 Private mobile clinic 3900 Other private medical sector 3901 Traditional birth attendant 4000 NGO FACILITY 4100 NGO health facility 4110 Static clinic 4120 Satellite clinic 4200 Country-specific NGOs 4201 CSI 4900 Other NGO 5000 RELIGIOUS/MISSION 5100 Religious hospital/clinic 5110 Religious hospital 5111 Religious referral/specialty hospital 5112 Religious district hospital 5200 Religious health center/dispensary 5210 Religious health center 5220 Religious dispensary 9995 Other 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) 2150 University hospital 2160 Military hospital 3111 Private university hospital 3120 Private clinic 3121 Private GP clinic 3122 Private specialist clinic Postpartum care Variables -- TOPICS Place for respondent's postpartum health check (sixth to last birth) 1000 HOME 1100 Respondent's home 1200 Nurse's home 1300 TBA's home 1900 Other home 2000 PUBLIC SECTOR 2100 Government hospital 2110 National/central hospital 2120 Provincial/regional hospital 2130 Urban hospital 2140 District/rural hospital 2141 District hospital 2142 Rural hospital 2200 Government health center 2210 Referral health center 2220 Community health center 2230 Urban health center 2240 Rural health center 2250 Family welfare center 2300 Government outreach 2310 Government health post 2311 Village health post 2320 Government mobile clinic 2400 Government maternal and child health (MCH) center 2500 Government pharmacy/dispensary 2900 Other public sector 2901 Health station/clinic 2902 Health office 2903 Community clinic 3000 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR 3100 Private hospital/clinic 3110 Private hospital 3200 Private doctor 3210 Qualified doctor 3220 Unqualified doctor 3300 Private health center 3400 Private pharmacy/dispensary 3500 Private maternity home 3600 Private mobile clinic 3900 Other private medical sector 3901 Traditional birth attendant 4000 NGO FACILITY 4100 NGO health facility 4110 Static clinic 4120 Satellite clinic 4200 Country-specific NGOs 4201 CSI 4900 Other NGO 5000 RELIGIOUS/MISSION 5100 Religious hospital/clinic 5110 Religious hospital 5111 Religious referral/specialty hospital 5112 Religious district hospital 5200 Religious health center/dispensary 5210 Religious health center 5220 Religious dispensary 9995 Other 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) 2150 University hospital 2160 Military hospital 3111 Private university hospital 3120 Private clinic 3121 Private GP clinic 3122 Private specialist clinic Postpartum care Variables -- TOPICS Received Vitamin A dose in first 2 months after delivery 432. In the first two months after delivery, did you take a Vitamin A capsule like this? SHOW CAPSULE. YES 1 NO 2 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, PPVITA_ALL (M54_x) indicates whether they received a vitamin A dose in first 2 months after delivery. PPVITA_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (PPVITA_01) up to, potentially, the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., PPVITA_02, PPVITA_03, PPVITA_04, PPVITA_05, and PPVITA_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If PPVITA_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For most surveys, this information was collected for only the most recent birth (PPVITA_01). Surveys in which the data were collected for additional births are noted in the comparability section. 1 PPVITA_ALL available Postpartum care Variables -- TOPICS Received Vitamin A dose in first 2 months after delivery (last birth) 432. In the first two months after delivery, did you take a Vitamin A capsule like this? SHOW CAPSULE. YES 1 NO 2 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, PPVITA_01 (M54_1) indicates whether they received a vitamin A dose in first 2 months after delivery (for the last birth). 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Postpartum care Variables -- TOPICS Received Vitamin A dose in first 2 months after delivery (second to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Postpartum care Variables -- TOPICS Received Vitamin A dose in first 2 months after delivery (third to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Postpartum care Variables -- TOPICS Received Vitamin A dose in first 2 months after delivery (fourth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Postpartum care Variables -- TOPICS Received Vitamin A dose in first 2 months after delivery (fifth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Postpartum care Variables -- TOPICS Received Vitamin A dose in first 2 months after delivery (sixth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Postpartum care Variables -- TOPICS Received prenatal care 407. When you were pregnant with (NAME), did you see anyone for a medical checkup, for example, antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS SEEN. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A (GO TO 408) NURSE OR MIDWIFE B (GO TO 408) FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C (GO TO 408) OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D (GO TO 408) UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E (GO TO 408) UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F (GO TO 408) OTHER (SPECIFY) X (GO TO 408) NO ONE Y For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANCARE_ALL indicates whether the woman received antenatal care. ANCARE_ALL variables are the inverse of the ANCARENONE_ALL (M2N_X) variables. ANCARE_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (ANCARE_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., ANCARE_02, ANCARE_03, ANCARE_04, ANCARE_05, and ANCARE_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If ANCARE_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. 1 ANCARE_ALL available Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Received prenatal care (last birth) 407. When you were pregnant with (NAME), did you see anyone for a medical checkup, for example, antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS SEEN. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A (GO TO 408) NURSE OR MIDWIFE B (GO TO 408) FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C (GO TO 408) OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D (GO TO 408) UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E (GO TO 408) UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F (GO TO 408) OTHER (SPECIFY) X (GO TO 408) NO ONE Y 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Received prenatal care (second to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Received prenatal care (third to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Received prenatal care (fourth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Received prenatal care (fifth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Received prenatal care (sixth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Timing of first antenatal visit for the pregnancy: Months 408. How many months pregnant were you when you first received medical checkup, for example, antenatal care for this pregnancy? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW 8 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years and saw someone for antenatal care (ANCARE_ALL), ANVISMO_ALL (M13_x) reports the timing of the first antenatal visit, in months from the start of the pregnancy. Women who did not see anyone for antenatal care during the pregnancy are coded 0. ANVISMO_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (ANVISMO_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., ANVISMO_02, ANVISMO_03, ANVISMO_04, ANVISMO_05, and ANVISMO_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If ANVISMO_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For many surveys, particularly those taken after 2000, this information was collected for only the most recent birth (ANVISMO_01) and, in some cases, the second-most-recent birth (ANVISMO_02). Surveys in which the data were collected for only the most recent birth(s) are noted in the comparability section. For other surveys, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period; exceptions in which data were collected on only the most recent birth(s) are noted in the comparability section. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then ANVISMO_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 ANVISMO_ALL available Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Timing of first antenatal visit for the pregnancy: Months (last birth) 408. How many months pregnant were you when you first received medical checkup, for example, antenatal care for this pregnancy? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW 8 See ANVISMO_ALL. 00 Less than 1 month pregnant 01 1 month 02 2 months 03 3 months 04 4 months 05 5 months 06 6 months 07 7 months 08 8 months 09 9 months 10 10 months 11 11 months 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Timing of first antenatal visit for the pregnancy: Months (second to last birth) 00 Less than 1 month pregnant 01 1 month 02 2 months 03 3 months 04 4 months 05 5 months 06 6 months 07 7 months 08 8 months 09 9 months 10 10 months 11 11 months 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Timing of first antenatal visit for the pregnancy: Months (third to last birth) 00 Less than 1 month pregnant 01 1 month 02 2 months 03 3 months 04 4 months 05 5 months 06 6 months 07 7 months 08 8 months 09 9 months 10 10 months 11 11 months 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Timing of first antenatal visit for the pregnancy: Months (fourth to last birth) 00 Less than 1 month pregnant 01 1 month 02 2 months 03 3 months 04 4 months 05 5 months 06 6 months 07 7 months 08 8 months 09 9 months 10 10 months 11 11 months 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Timing of first antenatal visit for the pregnancy: Months (fifth to last birth) 00 Less than 1 month pregnant 01 1 month 02 2 months 03 3 months 04 4 months 05 5 months 06 6 months 07 7 months 08 8 months 09 9 months 10 10 months 11 11 months 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Timing of first antenatal visit for the pregnancy: Months (sixth to last birth) 00 Less than 1 month pregnant 01 1 month 02 2 months 03 3 months 04 4 months 05 5 months 06 6 months 07 7 months 08 8 months 09 9 months 10 10 months 11 11 months 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Number of antenatal visits during the pregnancy 409. How many times did you receive medical checkup during this pregnancy? NUMBER OF TIMES ___ DON'T KNOW 98 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANVISNO_ALL (M14_x) reports the number of antenatal visits. Women who did not see anyone for antenatal care during the pregnancy are coded 0. ANVISNO_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (ANVISNO_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., ANVISNO_02, ANVISNO_03, ANVISNO_04, ANVISNO_05, and ANVISNO_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If ANVISNO_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For many surveys, particularly those taken after 2000, this information was collected for only the most recent birth (ANVISNO_01) and, in some cases, the second-most-recent birth (ANVISNO_02). Surveys in which the data were collected for only the most recent birth are noted in the comparability section. For other surveys, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period; exceptions in which data were collected on only the most recent birth(s) are noted in the comparability section. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then ANVISNO_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 ANVISNO_ALL available Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Number of antenatal visits during the pregnancy (last birth) 409. How many times did you receive medical checkup during this pregnancy? NUMBER OF TIMES ___ DON'T KNOW 98 See ANVISNO_ALL. 90 90 89 89 88 88 87 87 86 86 84 84 85 85 83 83 81 81 82 82 79 79 80 80 78 78 77 77 76 76 74 74 75 75 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Number of antenatal visits during the pregnancy (second to last birth) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 83 84 84 85 85 86 86 87 87 88 88 89 89 90 90 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Number of antenatal visits during the pregnancy (third to last birth) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 83 84 84 85 85 86 86 87 87 88 88 89 89 90 90 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Number of antenatal visits during the pregnancy (fourth to last birth) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 83 84 84 85 85 86 86 87 87 88 88 89 89 90 90 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Number of antenatal visits during the pregnancy (fifth to last birth) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 83 84 84 85 85 86 86 87 87 88 88 89 89 90 90 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Number of antenatal visits during the pregnancy (sixth to last birth) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 83 84 84 85 85 86 86 87 87 88 88 89 89 90 90 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Topcoded number of antenatal visits 409. How many times did you receive medical checkup during this pregnancy? NUMBER OF TIMES ___ DON'T KNOW 98 For women who gave birth in the three to five years before the survey, ANVISNOTOP20_ALL reports the number of antenatal visits, topcoded at 20+ visits. Women who did not see anyone for antenatal care during the pregnancy are coded 0. The related variables for ANVISNO_ALL supply the same material without imposing a consistent topcode. ANVISNOTOP20_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (ANVISNOTOP20_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., ANVISNOTOP20_02, ANVISNOTOP20_03, ANVISNOTOP20_04, ANVISNOTOP20_05, and ANVISNOTOP20_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If ANVISNOTOP20_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For many surveys, particularly those taken after 2000, this information was collected for only the most recent birth (ANVISNOTOP20_01) and, in some cases, the second-most-recent birth (ANVISNOTOP20_02). Surveys in which the data were collected for only the most recent birth are noted in the comparability section. For other surveys, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period; exceptions in which data were collected on only the most recent birth(s) are noted in the comparability section. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then ANVISNOTOP20_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 ANVISNOTOP20_ALL available Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Number of antenatal visits during the pregnancy, topcoded at 20 (last birth) 409. How many times did you receive medical checkup during this pregnancy? NUMBER OF TIMES ___ DON'T KNOW 98 See ANVISNOTOP20_ALL. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20+ 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Topcoded number of antenatal visits (second to last birth) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20+ 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Topcoded number of antenatal visits (third to last birth) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20+ 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Topcoded number of antenatal visits (fourth to last birth) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20+ 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Topcoded number of antenatal visits (fifth to last birth) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20+ 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Topcoded number of antenatal visits (sixth to last birth) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20+ 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Month in pregnancy of last antenatal visit 411. How many months pregnant were you the last time your received medical checkup, for example, antenatal care? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW 8 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years and who saw someone for antenatal care, ANVISMOLAST_ALL (M41_x) reports the timing of the last antenatal visit, in months from the start of the pregnancy. ANVISMOLAST_ALL consists of separate variables, covering the most recent birth (ANVISMOLAST_01) and, in some cases, additional births, up to, potentially, the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., ANVISMOLAST_02, ANVISMOLAST_03, ANVISMOLAST_04, ANVISMOLAST_05, and ANVISMOLAST_6). For most surveys, this information on the month of the last antenatal visit for a pregnancy was collected for only the most recent birth; exceptions are noted in the comparability section. 1 ANVISMOLAST_ALL available Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Month in pregnancy of last antenatal visit (last birth) 411. How many months pregnant were you the last time your received medical checkup, for example, antenatal care? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW 8 See ANVISMOLAST_ALL. 00 0 months 01 1 month 02 2 months 03 3 months 04 4 months 05 5 months 06 6 months 07 7 months 08 8 months 09 9 months 10 10 months 11 11 months 12 12 months 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) 13 13 months Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Month in pregnancy of last antenatal visit (second to last birth) 00 0 months 01 1 month 02 2 months 03 3 months 04 4 months 05 5 months 06 6 months 07 7 months 08 8 months 09 9 months 10 10 months 11 11 months 12 12 months 13 13 months 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Month in pregnancy of last antenatal visit (third to last birth) 00 0 months 01 1 month 02 2 months 03 3 months 04 4 months 05 5 months 06 6 months 07 7 months 08 8 months 09 9 months 10 10 months 11 11 months 12 12 months 13 13 months 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Month in pregnancy of last antenatal visit (fourth to last birth) 00 0 months 01 1 month 02 2 months 03 3 months 04 4 months 05 5 months 06 6 months 07 7 months 08 8 months 09 9 months 10 10 months 11 11 months 12 12 months 13 13 months 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Month in pregnancy of last antenatal visit (fifth to last birth) 00 0 months 01 1 month 02 2 months 03 3 months 04 4 months 05 5 months 06 6 months 07 7 months 08 8 months 09 9 months 10 10 months 11 11 months 12 12 months 13 13 months 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Antenatal care received: Blood sample taken 412E. When you were pregnant with (NAME), did anyone take your blood for testing? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANCAREBLD_ALL (M42E_x) indicates whether a blood sample was taken at least once during antenatal care. ANCAREBLD_ALL consists of separate variables, covering the most recent birth (ANCAREBLD_01) and, in some cases, additional births, up to, potentially, the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., ANCAREBLD_02, ANCAREBLD_03, ANCAREBLD_04, ANCAREBLD_05, and ANCAREBLD_06). For most surveys, this information on taking a blood sample during the pregnancy was collected for only the most recent birth; exceptions are noted in the comparability section. 1 ANCAREBLD_ALL available Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Antenatal care received: Blood sample taken (last birth) 412E. When you were pregnant with (NAME), did anyone take your blood for testing? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANCAREBLD_01 (M42E_1) indicates whether a blood sample was taken at least once during antenatal care (for the last birth). 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 7 Don't know Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Antenatal care received: Blood sample taken (second to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Antenatal care received: Blood sample taken (third to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Antenatal care received: Blood sample taken (fourth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Antenatal care received: Blood sample taken (fifth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Antenatal care received: Blood sample taken (sixth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Antenatal care received: Blood pressure taken 412C. During this pregnancy, did anyone take your blood pressure (put a cuff on your arm and pump air into it)? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANCAREBP_ALL (M42C_x) indicates whether blood pressure was taken at least once during antenatal care. ANCAREBP_ALL consists of separate variables, covering the most recent birth (ANCAREBP_01) and, in some cases, additional births, up to, potentially, the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., ANCAREBP_02, ANCAREBP_03, ANCAREBP_04, ANCAREBP_05, and ANCAREBP_6). For most surveys, this information on checking blood pressure during pregnancy was collected for only the most recent birth; exceptions are noted in the comparability section. 1 ANCAREBP_ALL available Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Antenatal care received: Blood pressure taken (last birth) 412C. During this pregnancy, did anyone take your blood pressure (put a cuff on your arm and pump air into it)? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANCAREBP_01 (M42C_1) indicates whether blood pressure was taken at least once during antenatal care (for the last birth). 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 7 Don't know Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Antenatal care received: Blood pressure taken (second to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Antenatal care received: Blood pressure taken (third to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Antenatal care received: Blood pressure taken (fourth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Antenatal care received: Blood pressure taken (fifth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Antenatal care received: Blood pressure taken (sixth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Antenatal care received: Height measured 412B. During this pregnancy, was your height measured? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANCAREHT_ALL (M42B_x) indicates whether her height was measured at least once during antenatal care. ANCAREHT_ALL consists of separate variables, covering the most recent birth (ANCAREHT_01) and, in some cases, additional births, up to, potentially, the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., ANCAREHT_02, ANCAREHT_03, ANCAREHT_04, ANCAREHT_05, and ANCAREHT_06). For most surveys, this information on measuring height during pregnancy was collected for only the most recent birth; exceptions are noted in the comparability section. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Antenatal care received: Height measured (last birth) 412B. During this pregnancy, was your height measured? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANCAREHT_01 (M42B_1) indicates whether her height was measured at least once during antenatal care (for the last birth). 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Antenatal care received: Height measured (second to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Antenatal care received: Height measured (third to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Antenatal care received: Height measured (fourth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Antenatal care received: Height measured (fifth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Antenatal care received: Height measured (sixth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Antenatal care received: Urine sample taken 412D. When you were pregnant with (NAME), did anyone take your urine for testing? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANCAREUR_ALL (M42D_x) indicates whether a urine sample was taken at least once during antenatal care. ANCAREUR_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (ANCAREUR_01) up to, potentially, the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., ANCAREUR_02, ANCAREUR_03, ANCAREUR_04, ANCAREUR_05, and ANCAREUR_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If ANCAREUR_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For most surveys, this information on taking a urine sample during pregnancy was collected for only the most recent birth (ANCAREUR_01). Surveys in which the data were collected for additional births are noted in the comparability section. 1 ANCAREUR_ALL available Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Antenatal care received: Urine sample taken (last birth) 412D. When you were pregnant with (NAME), did anyone take your urine for testing? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANCAREUR_01 (M42D_1) indicates whether a urine sample was taken at least once during antenatal care (for the last birth). 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 7 Don't know Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Antenatal care received: Urine sample taken (second to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Antenatal care received: Urine sample taken (third to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Antenatal care received: Urine sample taken (fourth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Antenatal care received: Urine sample taken (fifth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Antenatal care received: Urine sample taken (sixth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Antenatal care received: Weighed 412A. During this pregnancy, were you weighed at least once? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANCAREWT_ALL (M42A_x) indicates whether the respondent was weighed at least once during antenatal care. ANCAREWT_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (ANCAREWT_01) up to, potentially, the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., ANCAREWT_02, ANCAREWT_03, ANCAREWT_04, ANCAREWT_05, and ANCAREWT_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If ANCAREWT_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For most surveys, this information on weighing the pregnant woman was collected for only the most recent birth (ANCAREWT_01). Surveys in which the data were collected for additional births are noted in the comparability section. 1 ANCAREWT_ALL available Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Antenatal care received: Weighed (last birth) 412A. During this pregnancy, were you weighed at least once? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANCAREWT_01 (M42A_1) indicates whether the respondent was weighed at least once during antenatal care (for the last birth). 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Antenatal care received: Weighed (second to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Antenatal care received: Weighed (third to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Antenatal care received: Weighed (fourth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Antenatal care received: Weighed (fifth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Antenatal care received: Weighed (sixth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Antenatal care received: Eye exam (last birth) 412F. When you were pregnant with (NAME), did anyone check or exam your eye for anemia? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 For women who gave birth in the last five years, ANCAREYEXAM_01 indicates whether the woman had her eyes examined at least once during antenatal care (for the last birth). 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Doctor gave prenatal care 407. When you were pregnant with (NAME), did you see anyone for a medical checkup, for example, antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS SEEN. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A (GO TO 408) NURSE OR MIDWIFE B (GO TO 408) FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C (GO TO 408) OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D (GO TO 408) UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E (GO TO 408) UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F (GO TO 408) OTHER (SPECIFY) X (GO TO 408) NO ONE Y For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANCAREDOC_ALL (M2A_x) indicates whether a doctor gave antenatal care. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. ANCAREDOC_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (ANCAREDOC_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., ANCAREDOC_02, ANCAREDOC_03, ANCAREDOC_04, ANCAREDOC_05, and ANCAREDOC_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If ANCAREDOC_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For many surveys, particularly those taken after 2000, this information on prenatal care from a doctor was collected for only the most recent birth (ANCAREDOC_01) and, in some cases, the second-most-recent birth (ANCAREDOC_02). Surveys in which the data were collected for only the most recent births are noted in the comparability section. For other surveys, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period; exceptions in which data were collected on only the most recent birth(s) are noted in the comparability section. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then ANCAREDOC_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 ANCAREDOC_ALL available Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Doctor gave prenatal care (last birth) 407. When you were pregnant with (NAME), did you see anyone for a medical checkup, for example, antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS SEEN. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A (GO TO 408) NURSE OR MIDWIFE B (GO TO 408) FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C (GO TO 408) OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D (GO TO 408) UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E (GO TO 408) UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F (GO TO 408) OTHER (SPECIFY) X (GO TO 408) NO ONE Y For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANCAREDOC_01 (M2A_1) indicates whether a doctor gave antenatal care (for the last birth). Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Doctor gave prenatal care (second to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Doctor gave prenatal care (third to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Doctor gave prenatal care (fourth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Doctor gave prenatal care (fifth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Doctor gave prenatal care (sixth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Nurse/midwife gave prenatal care 407. When you were pregnant with (NAME), did you see anyone for a medical checkup, for example, antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS SEEN. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A (GO TO 408) NURSE OR MIDWIFE B (GO TO 408) FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C (GO TO 408) OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D (GO TO 408) UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E (GO TO 408) UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F (GO TO 408) OTHER (SPECIFY) X (GO TO 408) NO ONE Y For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANCARENURM_ALL (M2B_x) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported that a nurse or midwife (categories combined or not distinguished) gave antenatal care. ANCARENURM_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (ANCARENURM_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., ANCARENURM_02, ANCARENURM_03, ANCARENURM_04, ANCARENURM_05, and ANCARENURM_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If ANCARENURM_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For many surveys, particularly those taken after 2000, this information was collected for only the most recent birth (ANCARENURM_01) and, in a few cases, the second-most-recent birth (ANCARENURM_02). Surveys in which the data were collected for only the most recent births are noted in the comparability section. For other surveys, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period; exceptions in which data were collected on only the most recent birth(s) are noted in the comparability section. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then ANCARENURM_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. Some samples in the "ANCARE" series, such as ANCARENURM_ALL, include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include separate response categories for nurse and midwife that could be combined to create the more comprehensive response category in ANCARENURM_ALL. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories included in this variable for relevant samples. 1 ANCARENURM_ALL available Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Nurse/midwife gave prenatal care (last birth) 407. When you were pregnant with (NAME), did you see anyone for a medical checkup, for example, antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS SEEN. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A (GO TO 408) NURSE OR MIDWIFE B (GO TO 408) FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C (GO TO 408) OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D (GO TO 408) UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E (GO TO 408) UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F (GO TO 408) OTHER (SPECIFY) X (GO TO 408) NO ONE Y For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANCARENURM_01 (M2B_1) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported that a nurse or midwife (categories combined or not distinguished) gave antenatal care (for the last birth). Some samples in the "ANCARE" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include separate response categories for nurse and midwife that could be combined to create the more comprehensive response category in ANCARENURM. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories included in this variable for relevant samples. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Nurse/midwife gave prenatal care (second to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (don't know) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Nurse/midwife gave prenatal care (third to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (don't know) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Nurse/midwife gave prenatal care (fourth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (don't know) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Nurse/midwife gave prenatal care (fifth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (don't know) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Nurse/midwife gave prenatal care (sixth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (don't know) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Traditional birth attendant gave prenatal care 407. When you were pregnant with (NAME), did you see anyone for a medical checkup, for example, antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS SEEN. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A (GO TO 408) NURSE OR MIDWIFE B (GO TO 408) FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C (GO TO 408) OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D (GO TO 408) UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E (GO TO 408) UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F (GO TO 408) OTHER (SPECIFY) X (GO TO 408) NO ONE Y For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANCARETBA_ALL (M2G_x) indicates whether a traditional birth attendant gave antenatal care. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. ANCARETBA_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (ANCARETBA_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., ANCARETBA_02, ANCARETBA_03, ANCARETBA_04, ANCARETBA_05, and ANCARETBA_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If ANCARETBA_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For many surveys, particularly those taken after 2000, this information on prenatal care from a traditional birth attendant was collected for only the most recent birth (ANCARETBA_01) and, in some cases, the second-most-recent birth (ANCARETBA_02). Surveys in which the data were collected for only the most recent births are noted in the comparability section. For other surveys, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period; exceptions in which data were collected on only the most recent birth(s) are noted in the comparability section. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then ANCARETBA_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 ANCARETBA_ALL available Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Traditional birth attendant gave prenatal care (last birth) 407. When you were pregnant with (NAME), did you see anyone for a medical checkup, for example, antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS SEEN. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A (GO TO 408) NURSE OR MIDWIFE B (GO TO 408) FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C (GO TO 408) OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D (GO TO 408) UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E (GO TO 408) UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F (GO TO 408) OTHER (SPECIFY) X (GO TO 408) NO ONE Y For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANCARETBA_01 (M2G_1) indicates whether a traditional birth attendant gave antenatal care (for the last birth). Wording for this response category varied across samples. See Comparability. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Traditional birth attendant gave prenatal care (second to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Traditional birth attendant gave prenatal care (third to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Traditional birth attendant gave prenatal care (fourth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Traditional birth attendant gave prenatal care (fifth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Traditional birth attendant gave prenatal care (sixth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Trained traditional birth attendant gave prenatal care 407. When you were pregnant with (NAME), did you see anyone for a medical checkup, for example, antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS SEEN. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A (GO TO 408) NURSE OR MIDWIFE B (GO TO 408) FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C (GO TO 408) OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D (GO TO 408) UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E (GO TO 408) UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F (GO TO 408) OTHER (SPECIFY) X (GO TO 408) NO ONE Y For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANCARETRBA_ALL (M2F_x) indicates whether a trained traditional birth attendant gave antenatal care for the birth. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. ANCARETRBA_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (ANCARETRBA_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., ANCARETRBA_02, ANCARETRBA_03, ANCARETRBA_04, ANCARETRBA_05, and ANCARETRBA_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If ANCARETRBA_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For many surveys, particularly those taken after 2000, this information was collected for only the most recent birth (ANCARETRBA_01). Surveys in which the data were collected for only the most recent birth are noted in the comparability section. For other surveys, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period; exceptions in which data were collected on only the most recent birth(s) are noted in the comparability section. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then ANCARETRBA_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 ANCARETRBA_ALL available Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Trained traditional birth attendant gave prenatal care (last birth) 407. When you were pregnant with (NAME), did you see anyone for a medical checkup, for example, antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS SEEN. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A (GO TO 408) NURSE OR MIDWIFE B (GO TO 408) FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C (GO TO 408) OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D (GO TO 408) UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E (GO TO 408) UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F (GO TO 408) OTHER (SPECIFY) X (GO TO 408) NO ONE Y For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANCARETRBA_01 (M2F_1) indicates whether a trained (traditional) birth attendant gave antenatal care (for the last birth). Wording for this category varied across samples. See Comparability. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Trained traditional birth attendant gave prenatal care (second to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Trained traditional birth attendant gave prenatal care (third to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Trained traditional birth attendant gave prenatal care (fourth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Trained traditional birth attendant gave prenatal care (fifth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Trained traditional birth attendant gave prenatal care (sixth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Other person gave prenatal care 407. When you were pregnant with (NAME), did you see anyone for a medical checkup, for example, antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS SEEN. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A (GO TO 408) NURSE OR MIDWIFE B (GO TO 408) FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C (GO TO 408) OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D (GO TO 408) UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E (GO TO 408) UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F (GO TO 408) OTHER (SPECIFY) X (GO TO 408) NO ONE Y For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANCAREOTH_ALL (M2K_x) indicates whether some other type of person gave antenatal care. The meaning of "other" depends on the types of providers of antenatal care specified in a given survey. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. ANCAREOTH_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (ANCAREOTH_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., ANCAREOTH_02, ANCAREOTH_03, ANCAREOTH_04, ANCAREOTH_05, and ANCAREOTH_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If ANCAREOTH_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For many surveys, particularly those taken after 2000, this information on prenatal care from some other person was collected for only the most recent birth (ANCAREOTH_01) and, in some cases, the second-most-recent birth (ANCAREOTH_02). Surveys in which the data were collected for only the most recent births are noted in the comparability section. For other surveys, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period; exceptions in which data were collected on only the most recent birth(s) are noted in the comparability section. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then ANCAREOTH_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 ANCAREOTH_ALL available Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Other person gave prenatal care (last birth) 407. When you were pregnant with (NAME), did you see anyone for a medical checkup, for example, antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS SEEN. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A (GO TO 408) NURSE OR MIDWIFE B (GO TO 408) FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C (GO TO 408) OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D (GO TO 408) UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E (GO TO 408) UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F (GO TO 408) OTHER (SPECIFY) X (GO TO 408) NO ONE Y For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANCAREOTH_01 (M2K_1) indicates whether some other person gave antenatal care (for the last birth). The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific categories included in a given sample. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Other person gave prenatal care (second to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Other person gave prenatal care (third to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Other person gave prenatal care (fourth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Other person gave prenatal care (fifth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Other person gave prenatal care (sixth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Received no prenatal care 407. When you were pregnant with (NAME), did you see anyone for a medical checkup, for example, antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS SEEN. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A (GO TO 408) NURSE OR MIDWIFE B (GO TO 408) FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C (GO TO 408) OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D (GO TO 408) UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E (GO TO 408) UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F (GO TO 408) OTHER (SPECIFY) X (GO TO 408) NO ONE Y For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANCARENONE_ALL (M2N_x) indicates whether no one gave antenatal care. The structure of the question varied across samples. See Comparability. ANCARENONE_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (ANCARENONE_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., ANCARENONE_02, ANCARENONE_03, ANCARENONE_04, ANCARENONE_05, and ANCAaRENONE_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If ANCARENONE_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For many surveys, particularly those taken after 2000, this information was collected for only the most recent birth (ANCARENONE_01) and, in some cases, the second-most-recent birth (ANCARENONE_02). Surveys in which the data were collected for only the most recent birth are noted in the comparability section. For other surveys, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period; exceptions in which data were collected on only the most recent birth(s) are noted in the comparability section. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then ANCARENONE_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 ANCARENONE_ALL available Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Received no prenatal care (last birth) 407. When you were pregnant with (NAME), did you see anyone for a medical checkup, for example, antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS SEEN. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A (GO TO 408) NURSE OR MIDWIFE B (GO TO 408) FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C (GO TO 408) OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D (GO TO 408) UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E (GO TO 408) UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F (GO TO 408) OTHER (SPECIFY) X (GO TO 408) NO ONE Y For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANCARENONE_01 (M2N_1) indicates whether no one gave antenatal care (for the last birth). The structure of the question varied across samples. See Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Received no prenatal care (second to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Received no prenatal care (third to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Received no prenatal care (fourth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Received no prenatal care (fifth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Received no prenatal care (sixth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Tetanus injection before birth 406B. How many TT injection did you receive during the pregnancy with (NAME OF LAST CHILD)? NUMBER ___ For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANTETNUS_ALL indicates whether tetanus (toxicoid) injections were given during the pregnancy to avoid convulsions after birth. ANTETNUS_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (ANTETNUS_01) up to, potentially, the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., ANTETNUS_02, ANTETNUS_03, ANTETNUS_04, ANTETNUS_05, and ANTETNUS_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If ANTETNUS_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For many surveys, particularly those taken after 2000, this information on receipt of tetanus injections during pregnancy was collected for only the most recent birth (ANTETNUS_01) and, in some cases, the second-most-recent birth (ANTETNUS_02). Surveys in which the data were collected for only the most recent births are noted in the comparability section. For other surveys, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period; exceptions in which data were collected on only the most recent birth(s) are noted in the comparability section. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then ANTETNUS_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 ANTETNUS_ALL available Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Tetanus injection before birth (last birth) 406B. How many TT injection did you receive during the pregnancy with (NAME OF LAST CHILD)? NUMBER ___ For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANTETNUS_01 indicates whether tetanus (toxicoid) injections were given during the pregnancy to avoid convulsions after birth (for the last birth). 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Tetanus injection before birth (second to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Tetanus injection before birth (third to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Tetanus injection before birth (fourth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Tetanus injection before birth (fifth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Tetanus injection before birth (sixth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Number of tetanus injections during pregnancy 406B. How many TT injection did you receive during the pregnancy with (NAME OF LAST CHILD)? NUMBER ___ For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANTETNUSNO_ALL (M1_x) indicates whether, and how many, tetanus (toxicoid) injections were given during the pregnancy to avoid convulsions after birth (for the last birth). For a similar variable that only reports whether a tetanus injection was received, see ANTETNUS_ALL. ANTETNUSNO_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (ANTETNUSNO_01) up to, potentially, the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., ANTETNUSNO_02, ANTETNUSNO_03, ANTETNUSNO_04, ANTETNUSNO_05, and ANTETNUSNO_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If ANTETNUSNO_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For many surveys, particularly those taken after 2000, this information was collected for only the most recent birth (ANTETNUSNO_01) and, in some cases, the second-most-recent birth (ANTETNUSNO_02). Surveys in which the data were collected for only the most recent births are noted in the comparability section. For other surveys, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period; exceptions in which data were collected on only the most recent birth(s) are noted in the comparability section. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then ANTETNUSNO_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 ANTETNUSNO_ALL available Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Number of tetanus injections before birth (last birth) 406B. How many TT injection did you receive during the pregnancy with (NAME OF LAST CHILD)? NUMBER ___ See ANTETNUSNO_ALL. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7+ 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Number of tetanus injections during pregnancy (second to last birth) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7+ 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Number of tetanus injections during pregnancy (third to last birth) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7+ 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Number of tetanus injections during pregnancy (fourth to last birth) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7+ 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Number of tetanus injections during pregnancy (fifth to last birth) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7+ 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Number of tetanus injections during pregnancy (sixth to last birth) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7+ 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Number of tetanus injections before pregnancy ending in most recent birth 406D. How many TT injections did you have before this pregnancy? NUMBER ___ For women who gave birth in the three to five years before the survey and who received fewer than 2 tetanus injections during the pregnancy ending in her most recent birth, PRETETNUSNO_01 (M1A_1) reports the number of tetanus injections received before that pregnancy (for the last birth). 00 Received no injection 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7+ 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Reason no antenatal care: Costs too much (last birth) 407A. Why did you not see anyone? Any other reason? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. TOO FAR A (GO TO 412A) INCONVENIENT SERVICE HOUR B (GO TO 412A) UNPLEASANT STAFF BEHAVIOUR C (GO TO 412A) LACK OF PROVIDER EXPERTISE D (GO TO 412A) LACK OF PRIVACY E (GO TO 412A) INADEQUATE DRUG SUPPLY F (GO TO 412A) LONG WAITING TIME G (GO TO 412A) SERVICE TOO EXPENSIVE H (GO TO 412A) RELIGIOUS REASONS I (GO TO 412A) NOT BENEFICIAL OR NEEDED J (GO TO 412A) DID NOT KNOW OF NEED FOR SERVICE K (GO TO 412A) WAS UNABLE OR NOT PERMITTED TO GO OUT OF THE HOUSE L (GO TO 412A) DID NOT KNOW OF EXISTENCE M (GO TO 412A) OTHER (SPECIFY) (GO TO 412A) ANCNOCOST_01 indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported she did not receive antenatal care (for the last birth) because it was too expensive. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Reason no antenatal care: Too far (last birth) 407A. Why did you not see anyone? Any other reason? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. TOO FAR A (GO TO 412A) INCONVENIENT SERVICE HOUR B (GO TO 412A) UNPLEASANT STAFF BEHAVIOUR C (GO TO 412A) LACK OF PROVIDER EXPERTISE D (GO TO 412A) LACK OF PRIVACY E (GO TO 412A) INADEQUATE DRUG SUPPLY F (GO TO 412A) LONG WAITING TIME G (GO TO 412A) SERVICE TOO EXPENSIVE H (GO TO 412A) RELIGIOUS REASONS I (GO TO 412A) NOT BENEFICIAL OR NEEDED J (GO TO 412A) DID NOT KNOW OF NEED FOR SERVICE K (GO TO 412A) WAS UNABLE OR NOT PERMITTED TO GO OUT OF THE HOUSE L (GO TO 412A) DID NOT KNOW OF EXISTENCE M (GO TO 412A) OTHER (SPECIFY) (GO TO 412A) ANCNODIST_01 indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported she did not receive antenatal care (for the last birth) because it was too far away. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Reason no antenatal care: Did not know of existence (last birth) 407A. Why did you not see anyone? Any other reason? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. TOO FAR A (GO TO 412A) INCONVENIENT SERVICE HOUR B (GO TO 412A) UNPLEASANT STAFF BEHAVIOUR C (GO TO 412A) LACK OF PROVIDER EXPERTISE D (GO TO 412A) LACK OF PRIVACY E (GO TO 412A) INADEQUATE DRUG SUPPLY F (GO TO 412A) LONG WAITING TIME G (GO TO 412A) SERVICE TOO EXPENSIVE H (GO TO 412A) RELIGIOUS REASONS I (GO TO 412A) NOT BENEFICIAL OR NEEDED J (GO TO 412A) DID NOT KNOW OF NEED FOR SERVICE K (GO TO 412A) WAS UNABLE OR NOT PERMITTED TO GO OUT OF THE HOUSE L (GO TO 412A) DID NOT KNOW OF EXISTENCE M (GO TO 412A) OTHER (SPECIFY) (GO TO 412A) ANCNODKEX_01 indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported she did not receive antenatal care (for the last birth) because she did not know of its existence. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Reason no antenatal care: Did not know of need (last birth) 407A. Why did you not see anyone? Any other reason? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. TOO FAR A (GO TO 412A) INCONVENIENT SERVICE HOUR B (GO TO 412A) UNPLEASANT STAFF BEHAVIOUR C (GO TO 412A) LACK OF PROVIDER EXPERTISE D (GO TO 412A) LACK OF PRIVACY E (GO TO 412A) INADEQUATE DRUG SUPPLY F (GO TO 412A) LONG WAITING TIME G (GO TO 412A) SERVICE TOO EXPENSIVE H (GO TO 412A) RELIGIOUS REASONS I (GO TO 412A) NOT BENEFICIAL OR NEEDED J (GO TO 412A) DID NOT KNOW OF NEED FOR SERVICE K (GO TO 412A) WAS UNABLE OR NOT PERMITTED TO GO OUT OF THE HOUSE L (GO TO 412A) DID NOT KNOW OF EXISTENCE M (GO TO 412A) OTHER (SPECIFY) (GO TO 412A) ANCNODKND_01 indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported she did not receive antenatal care (for the last birth) because she did not know of the need for antenatal care. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Reason no antenatal care: Inadequate drug supply (last birth) 407A. Why did you not see anyone? Any other reason? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. TOO FAR A (GO TO 412A) INCONVENIENT SERVICE HOUR B (GO TO 412A) UNPLEASANT STAFF BEHAVIOUR C (GO TO 412A) LACK OF PROVIDER EXPERTISE D (GO TO 412A) LACK OF PRIVACY E (GO TO 412A) INADEQUATE DRUG SUPPLY F (GO TO 412A) LONG WAITING TIME G (GO TO 412A) SERVICE TOO EXPENSIVE H (GO TO 412A) RELIGIOUS REASONS I (GO TO 412A) NOT BENEFICIAL OR NEEDED J (GO TO 412A) DID NOT KNOW OF NEED FOR SERVICE K (GO TO 412A) WAS UNABLE OR NOT PERMITTED TO GO OUT OF THE HOUSE L (GO TO 412A) DID NOT KNOW OF EXISTENCE M (GO TO 412A) OTHER (SPECIFY) (GO TO 412A) ANCNODRUG_01 indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported she did not receive antenatal care (for the last birth) because of an inadequate drug supply. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Reason no antenatal care: Inconvenient service hours (last birth) 407A. Why did you not see anyone? Any other reason? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. TOO FAR A (GO TO 412A) INCONVENIENT SERVICE HOUR B (GO TO 412A) UNPLEASANT STAFF BEHAVIOUR C (GO TO 412A) LACK OF PROVIDER EXPERTISE D (GO TO 412A) LACK OF PRIVACY E (GO TO 412A) INADEQUATE DRUG SUPPLY F (GO TO 412A) LONG WAITING TIME G (GO TO 412A) SERVICE TOO EXPENSIVE H (GO TO 412A) RELIGIOUS REASONS I (GO TO 412A) NOT BENEFICIAL OR NEEDED J (GO TO 412A) DID NOT KNOW OF NEED FOR SERVICE K (GO TO 412A) WAS UNABLE OR NOT PERMITTED TO GO OUT OF THE HOUSE L (GO TO 412A) DID NOT KNOW OF EXISTENCE M (GO TO 412A) OTHER (SPECIFY) (GO TO 412A) ANCNOHRS_01 indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported she did not receive antenatal care (for the last birth) because of inconvenient service hours. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Reason no antenatal care: Long waiting time (last birth) 407A. Why did you not see anyone? Any other reason? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. TOO FAR A (GO TO 412A) INCONVENIENT SERVICE HOUR B (GO TO 412A) UNPLEASANT STAFF BEHAVIOUR C (GO TO 412A) LACK OF PROVIDER EXPERTISE D (GO TO 412A) LACK OF PRIVACY E (GO TO 412A) INADEQUATE DRUG SUPPLY F (GO TO 412A) LONG WAITING TIME G (GO TO 412A) SERVICE TOO EXPENSIVE H (GO TO 412A) RELIGIOUS REASONS I (GO TO 412A) NOT BENEFICIAL OR NEEDED J (GO TO 412A) DID NOT KNOW OF NEED FOR SERVICE K (GO TO 412A) WAS UNABLE OR NOT PERMITTED TO GO OUT OF THE HOUSE L (GO TO 412A) DID NOT KNOW OF EXISTENCE M (GO TO 412A) OTHER (SPECIFY) (GO TO 412A) ANCNOLONGWT_01 indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported she did not receive antenatal care (for the last birth) because of the long waiting time. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Reason no antenatal care: Not necessary (last birth) 407A. Why did you not see anyone? Any other reason? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. TOO FAR A (GO TO 412A) INCONVENIENT SERVICE HOUR B (GO TO 412A) UNPLEASANT STAFF BEHAVIOUR C (GO TO 412A) LACK OF PROVIDER EXPERTISE D (GO TO 412A) LACK OF PRIVACY E (GO TO 412A) INADEQUATE DRUG SUPPLY F (GO TO 412A) LONG WAITING TIME G (GO TO 412A) SERVICE TOO EXPENSIVE H (GO TO 412A) RELIGIOUS REASONS I (GO TO 412A) NOT BENEFICIAL OR NEEDED J (GO TO 412A) DID NOT KNOW OF NEED FOR SERVICE K (GO TO 412A) WAS UNABLE OR NOT PERMITTED TO GO OUT OF THE HOUSE L (GO TO 412A) DID NOT KNOW OF EXISTENCE M (GO TO 412A) OTHER (SPECIFY) (GO TO 412A) ANCNOND_01 indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported she did not receive antenatal care (for the last birth) because such care was not necessary. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Reason no antenatal care: Not allowed to go (last birth) 407A. Why did you not see anyone? Any other reason? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. TOO FAR A (GO TO 412A) INCONVENIENT SERVICE HOUR B (GO TO 412A) UNPLEASANT STAFF BEHAVIOUR C (GO TO 412A) LACK OF PROVIDER EXPERTISE D (GO TO 412A) LACK OF PRIVACY E (GO TO 412A) INADEQUATE DRUG SUPPLY F (GO TO 412A) LONG WAITING TIME G (GO TO 412A) SERVICE TOO EXPENSIVE H (GO TO 412A) RELIGIOUS REASONS I (GO TO 412A) NOT BENEFICIAL OR NEEDED J (GO TO 412A) DID NOT KNOW OF NEED FOR SERVICE K (GO TO 412A) WAS UNABLE OR NOT PERMITTED TO GO OUT OF THE HOUSE L (GO TO 412A) DID NOT KNOW OF EXISTENCE M (GO TO 412A) OTHER (SPECIFY) (GO TO 412A) ANCNOPERM_01 indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported she did not receive antenatal care (for the last birth) because she was not allowed to go. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Reason no antenatal care: Lack of privacy (last birth) 407A. Why did you not see anyone? Any other reason? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. TOO FAR A (GO TO 412A) INCONVENIENT SERVICE HOUR B (GO TO 412A) UNPLEASANT STAFF BEHAVIOUR C (GO TO 412A) LACK OF PROVIDER EXPERTISE D (GO TO 412A) LACK OF PRIVACY E (GO TO 412A) INADEQUATE DRUG SUPPLY F (GO TO 412A) LONG WAITING TIME G (GO TO 412A) SERVICE TOO EXPENSIVE H (GO TO 412A) RELIGIOUS REASONS I (GO TO 412A) NOT BENEFICIAL OR NEEDED J (GO TO 412A) DID NOT KNOW OF NEED FOR SERVICE K (GO TO 412A) WAS UNABLE OR NOT PERMITTED TO GO OUT OF THE HOUSE L (GO TO 412A) DID NOT KNOW OF EXISTENCE M (GO TO 412A) OTHER (SPECIFY) (GO TO 412A) ANCNOPRIV_01 indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported she did not receive antenatal care (for the last birth) because of a lack of privacy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Reason no antenatal care: Religious reasons (last birth) 407A. Why did you not see anyone? Any other reason? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. TOO FAR A (GO TO 412A) INCONVENIENT SERVICE HOUR B (GO TO 412A) UNPLEASANT STAFF BEHAVIOUR C (GO TO 412A) LACK OF PROVIDER EXPERTISE D (GO TO 412A) LACK OF PRIVACY E (GO TO 412A) INADEQUATE DRUG SUPPLY F (GO TO 412A) LONG WAITING TIME G (GO TO 412A) SERVICE TOO EXPENSIVE H (GO TO 412A) RELIGIOUS REASONS I (GO TO 412A) NOT BENEFICIAL OR NEEDED J (GO TO 412A) DID NOT KNOW OF NEED FOR SERVICE K (GO TO 412A) WAS UNABLE OR NOT PERMITTED TO GO OUT OF THE HOUSE L (GO TO 412A) DID NOT KNOW OF EXISTENCE M (GO TO 412A) OTHER (SPECIFY) (GO TO 412A) ANCNOREL_01 indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported she did not receive antenatal care (for the last birth) because of religious reasons. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Reason no antenatal care: Poor quality service (last birth) 407A. Why did you not see anyone? Any other reason? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. TOO FAR A (GO TO 412A) INCONVENIENT SERVICE HOUR B (GO TO 412A) UNPLEASANT STAFF BEHAVIOUR C (GO TO 412A) LACK OF PROVIDER EXPERTISE D (GO TO 412A) LACK OF PRIVACY E (GO TO 412A) INADEQUATE DRUG SUPPLY F (GO TO 412A) LONG WAITING TIME G (GO TO 412A) SERVICE TOO EXPENSIVE H (GO TO 412A) RELIGIOUS REASONS I (GO TO 412A) NOT BENEFICIAL OR NEEDED J (GO TO 412A) DID NOT KNOW OF NEED FOR SERVICE K (GO TO 412A) WAS UNABLE OR NOT PERMITTED TO GO OUT OF THE HOUSE L (GO TO 412A) DID NOT KNOW OF EXISTENCE M (GO TO 412A) OTHER (SPECIFY) (GO TO 412A) ANCNOSERV_01 indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported she did not receive antenatal care (for the last birth) because of poor service. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Reason no antenatal care: Unpleasant staff behavior (last birth) 407A. Why did you not see anyone? Any other reason? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. TOO FAR A (GO TO 412A) INCONVENIENT SERVICE HOUR B (GO TO 412A) UNPLEASANT STAFF BEHAVIOUR C (GO TO 412A) LACK OF PROVIDER EXPERTISE D (GO TO 412A) LACK OF PRIVACY E (GO TO 412A) INADEQUATE DRUG SUPPLY F (GO TO 412A) LONG WAITING TIME G (GO TO 412A) SERVICE TOO EXPENSIVE H (GO TO 412A) RELIGIOUS REASONS I (GO TO 412A) NOT BENEFICIAL OR NEEDED J (GO TO 412A) DID NOT KNOW OF NEED FOR SERVICE K (GO TO 412A) WAS UNABLE OR NOT PERMITTED TO GO OUT OF THE HOUSE L (GO TO 412A) DID NOT KNOW OF EXISTENCE M (GO TO 412A) OTHER (SPECIFY) (GO TO 412A) ANCNOSTAFF_01 indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported she did not receive antenatal care (for the last birth) because of unpleasant staff behavior. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Reason no antenatal care: Other (last birth) 407A. Why did you not see anyone? Any other reason? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. TOO FAR A (GO TO 412A) INCONVENIENT SERVICE HOUR B (GO TO 412A) UNPLEASANT STAFF BEHAVIOUR C (GO TO 412A) LACK OF PROVIDER EXPERTISE D (GO TO 412A) LACK OF PRIVACY E (GO TO 412A) INADEQUATE DRUG SUPPLY F (GO TO 412A) LONG WAITING TIME G (GO TO 412A) SERVICE TOO EXPENSIVE H (GO TO 412A) RELIGIOUS REASONS I (GO TO 412A) NOT BENEFICIAL OR NEEDED J (GO TO 412A) DID NOT KNOW OF NEED FOR SERVICE K (GO TO 412A) WAS UNABLE OR NOT PERMITTED TO GO OUT OF THE HOUSE L (GO TO 412A) DID NOT KNOW OF EXISTENCE M (GO TO 412A) OTHER (SPECIFY) (GO TO 412A) ANCNOOTH_01 indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported she did not receive antenatal care (for the last birth) for some other reason. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific categories included in a particular sample. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Family welfare visitor gave prenatal care for last birth (Bangladesh) 407. When you were pregnant with (NAME), did you see anyone for a medical checkup, for example, antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS SEEN. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A (GO TO 408) NURSE OR MIDWIFE B (GO TO 408) FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C (GO TO 408) OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D (GO TO 408) UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E (GO TO 408) UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F (GO TO 408) OTHER (SPECIFY) X (GO TO 408) NO ONE Y For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANCAREBD1_01 indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported that a family welfare visitor gave antenatal care (for the last birth). This response category is country-specific to Bangladesh. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Unqualified doctor gave prenatal care for last birth (Bangladesh) 407. When you were pregnant with (NAME), did you see anyone for a medical checkup, for example, antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS SEEN. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A (GO TO 408) NURSE OR MIDWIFE B (GO TO 408) FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C (GO TO 408) OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D (GO TO 408) UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E (GO TO 408) UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F (GO TO 408) OTHER (SPECIFY) X (GO TO 408) NO ONE Y For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANCAREBD2_01 indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported that an unqualified doctor gave antenatal care (for the last birth). This response category is country-specific to Bangladesh. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Antenatal care: Took iron tablets/syrup during pregnancy 416. Did you take any iron tablet or iron syrup during this pregnancy? SHOW TABLET OR SYRUP. YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANIRON_ALL (M45_x) indicates whether they took iron tablets or syrup during the pregnancy. ANIRON_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (ANIRON_01) up to, potentially, the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., ANIRON_02, ANIRON_03, ANIRON_04, ANIRON_05, and ANIRON_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If ANIRON_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For most surveys, this information on taking iron supplements during pregnancy was collected for only the most recent birth (ANIRON_01). Surveys in which the data were collected for additional births are noted in the comparability section. 1 ANIRON_ALL available Antenatal iron supplements Variables -- TOPICS Antenatal care: Took iron tablets/syrup during pregnancy (last birth) 416. Did you take any iron tablet or iron syrup during this pregnancy? SHOW TABLET OR SYRUP. YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANIRON_01 (M45_1) indicates whether they took iron tablets or syrup during the pregnancy (for the last birth). 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Antenatal iron supplements Variables -- TOPICS Antenatal care: Took iron tablets/syrup during pregnancy (second to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Antenatal iron supplements Variables -- TOPICS Antenatal care: Took iron tablets/syrup during pregnancy (third to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Antenatal iron supplements Variables -- TOPICS Antenatal care: Took iron tablets/syrup during pregnancy (fourth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Antenatal iron supplements Variables -- TOPICS Antenatal care: Took iron tablets/syrup during pregnancy (fifth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Antenatal iron supplements Variables -- TOPICS Antenatal care: Took iron tablets/syrup during pregnancy (sixth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Antenatal iron supplements Variables -- TOPICS Told about pregnancy complications 413. When you were pregnant with (NAME) were you told about the signs of pregnancy complications? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 416) DON'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 416) For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANCARECOM_ALL (M43_x) indicates whether the woman was told about the signs of pregnancy complications during an antenatal care visit. ANCARECOM_ALL consists of separate variables, covering the most recent birth (ANCARECOM_01) and, in some cases, additional births, up to, potentially, the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., ANCARECOM_02, ANCARECOM_03, ANCARECOM_04, ANCARECOM_05, and ANCARECOM_06). For most surveys, this information on informing the woman about pregnancy complications was collected for only the most recent birth; exceptions are noted in the comparability section. 1 ANCARECOM_ALL available Maternal pregnancy complications Variables -- TOPICS Told about pregnancy complications (last birth) 413. When you were pregnant with (NAME) were you told about the signs of pregnancy complications? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 416) DON'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 416) For women who gave birth in the three to five years before the survey, ANCARECOM_01 (M43_1) indicates whether the woman was told about the signs of pregnancy complications during antenatal care (for the last birth). 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal pregnancy complications Variables -- TOPICS Told about pregnancy complications (second to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal pregnancy complications Variables -- TOPICS Told about pregnancy complications (third to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal pregnancy complications Variables -- TOPICS Told about pregnancy complications (fourth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal pregnancy complications Variables -- TOPICS Told about pregnancy complications (fifth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal pregnancy complications Variables -- TOPICS Told about pregnancy complications (sixth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal pregnancy complications Variables -- TOPICS Told where to go for pregnancy complications 414. Were you told where to go if you had these complications? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years and were told about the signs of pregnancy complications, ANCARECGO_ALL (M44_x) indicates whether the woman was told where to go if she had pregnancy complications. ANCARECGO_ALL consists of separate variables, covering the most recent birth (ANCARECGO_01) and, in some cases, additional births, up to, potentially, the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., ANCARECGO_02, ANCARECGO_03, ANCARECGO_04, ANCARECGO_05, and ANCARECGO_06). For most surveys, this information was collected for only the most recent birth; exceptions are noted in the comparability section. 1 ANCARECGO_ALL available Maternal pregnancy complications Variables -- TOPICS Told where to go for pregnancy complications (last birth) 414. Were you told where to go if you had these complications? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years and were told about the signs of pregnancy complications, ANCARECGO_01 (M44_1) indicates whether they were told where to go if they had such complications (for the last birth). 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal pregnancy complications Variables -- TOPICS Told where to go for pregnancy complications (second to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal pregnancy complications Variables -- TOPICS Told where to go for pregnancy complications (third to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal pregnancy complications Variables -- TOPICS Told where to go for pregnancy complications (fourth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal pregnancy complications Variables -- TOPICS Told where to go for pregnancy complications (fifth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal pregnancy complications Variables -- TOPICS Told where to go for pregnancy complications (sixth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal pregnancy complications Variables -- TOPICS Believes husband becomes concerned if wife has pregnancy complications 812A. Do you think, if a woman faces complication during pregnancy, does her husband become concerned? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 ANCOMPHUSCON indicates whether the respondent believes a husband becomes concerned when his wife faces pregnancy complications. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal pregnancy complications Variables -- TOPICS Knows of pregnancy complication: Vaginal bleeding SECTION 4A. PREGNANCY, POSTNATAL CARE AND BREASTFEEDING 401. Now we will talk about possible problems that women might face when she is going to have a child. Please tell me what are the complications during pregnancy, childbirth and after delivery that needs medical treatment. 401A. Have you ever heard or (PROBLEMS) 1. SEVERE HEADACHE OR BLURRY VISION OR SWOLLEN ARMS AND LEGS SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 2. VAGINAL BLEEDING DURING PREGNANCY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 3. LABOR FOR MORE THAN 18 HOURS SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 4. EXCESSIVE BLEEDING DURING OR AFTER DELIVERY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 5. CONVULSION SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 6. FEVER FOR MORE THAN 3 DAYS DURING PREGNANCY OR AFTER DELIVERY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 7. BAD SMELLING VAGINAL DISCHARGE SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 8. OTHERS (SPECIFY) SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 ANKNOWBLD indicates whether the respondent reported vaginal bleeding as a symptom during pregnancy that requires immediate care. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneous 12 Yes, probed 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal pregnancy complications Variables -- TOPICS Knows of pregnancy complication: Convulsions SECTION 4A. PREGNANCY, POSTNATAL CARE AND BREASTFEEDING 401. Now we will talk about possible problems that women might face when she is going to have a child. Please tell me what are the complications during pregnancy, childbirth and after delivery that needs medical treatment. 401A. Have you ever heard or (PROBLEMS) 1. SEVERE HEADACHE OR BLURRY VISION OR SWOLLEN ARMS AND LEGS SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 2. VAGINAL BLEEDING DURING PREGNANCY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 3. LABOR FOR MORE THAN 18 HOURS SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 4. EXCESSIVE BLEEDING DURING OR AFTER DELIVERY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 5. CONVULSION SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 6. FEVER FOR MORE THAN 3 DAYS DURING PREGNANCY OR AFTER DELIVERY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 7. BAD SMELLING VAGINAL DISCHARGE SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 8. OTHERS (SPECIFY) SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 ANKNOWCONV indicates whether the respondent reported convulsions as a symptom during pregnancy that requires immediate care. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneous 12 Yes, probed 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal pregnancy complications Variables -- TOPICS Knows of pregnancy complication: Excessive vaginal bleeding during/after labor SECTION 4A. PREGNANCY, POSTNATAL CARE AND BREASTFEEDING 401. Now we will talk about possible problems that women might face when she is going to have a child. Please tell me what are the complications during pregnancy, childbirth and after delivery that needs medical treatment. 401A. Have you ever heard or (PROBLEMS) 1. SEVERE HEADACHE OR BLURRY VISION OR SWOLLEN ARMS AND LEGS SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 2. VAGINAL BLEEDING DURING PREGNANCY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 3. LABOR FOR MORE THAN 18 HOURS SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 4. EXCESSIVE BLEEDING DURING OR AFTER DELIVERY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 5. CONVULSION SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 6. FEVER FOR MORE THAN 3 DAYS DURING PREGNANCY OR AFTER DELIVERY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 7. BAD SMELLING VAGINAL DISCHARGE SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 8. OTHERS (SPECIFY) SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 ANKNOWDELBLD indicates whether the respondent reported excessive vaginal bleeding during or after delivery as a symptom during pregnancy that requires immediate care. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneous 12 Yes, probed 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal pregnancy complications Variables -- TOPICS Knows of pregnancy complication: Bad-smelling vaginal discharge SECTION 4A. PREGNANCY, POSTNATAL CARE AND BREASTFEEDING 401. Now we will talk about possible problems that women might face when she is going to have a child. Please tell me what are the complications during pregnancy, childbirth and after delivery that needs medical treatment. 401A. Have you ever heard or (PROBLEMS) 1. SEVERE HEADACHE OR BLURRY VISION OR SWOLLEN ARMS AND LEGS SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 2. VAGINAL BLEEDING DURING PREGNANCY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 3. LABOR FOR MORE THAN 18 HOURS SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 4. EXCESSIVE BLEEDING DURING OR AFTER DELIVERY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 5. CONVULSION SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 6. FEVER FOR MORE THAN 3 DAYS DURING PREGNANCY OR AFTER DELIVERY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 7. BAD SMELLING VAGINAL DISCHARGE SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 8. OTHERS (SPECIFY) SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 ANKNOWDISCH indicates whether the respondent reported bad-smelling vaginal discharge as a symptom during pregnancy that requires immediate care. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneous 12 Yes, probed 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal pregnancy complications Variables -- TOPICS Knows of pregnancy complication: Fever SECTION 4A. PREGNANCY, POSTNATAL CARE AND BREASTFEEDING 401. Now we will talk about possible problems that women might face when she is going to have a child. Please tell me what are the complications during pregnancy, childbirth and after delivery that needs medical treatment. 401A. Have you ever heard or (PROBLEMS) 1. SEVERE HEADACHE OR BLURRY VISION OR SWOLLEN ARMS AND LEGS SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 2. VAGINAL BLEEDING DURING PREGNANCY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 3. LABOR FOR MORE THAN 18 HOURS SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 4. EXCESSIVE BLEEDING DURING OR AFTER DELIVERY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 5. CONVULSION SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 6. FEVER FOR MORE THAN 3 DAYS DURING PREGNANCY OR AFTER DELIVERY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 7. BAD SMELLING VAGINAL DISCHARGE SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 8. OTHERS (SPECIFY) SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 ANKNOWFEV indicates whether the respondent reported fever as a symptom during pregnancy that requires immediate care. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneous 12 Yes, probed 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal pregnancy complications Variables -- TOPICS Knows of pregnancy complication: Long labor SECTION 4A. PREGNANCY, POSTNATAL CARE AND BREASTFEEDING 401. Now we will talk about possible problems that women might face when she is going to have a child. Please tell me what are the complications during pregnancy, childbirth and after delivery that needs medical treatment. 401A. Have you ever heard or (PROBLEMS) 1. SEVERE HEADACHE OR BLURRY VISION OR SWOLLEN ARMS AND LEGS SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 2. VAGINAL BLEEDING DURING PREGNANCY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 3. LABOR FOR MORE THAN 18 HOURS SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 4. EXCESSIVE BLEEDING DURING OR AFTER DELIVERY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 5. CONVULSION SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 6. FEVER FOR MORE THAN 3 DAYS DURING PREGNANCY OR AFTER DELIVERY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 7. BAD SMELLING VAGINAL DISCHARGE SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 8. OTHERS (SPECIFY) SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 ANKNOWLONGLAB indicates whether the respondent reported long labor as a symptom during pregnancy that requires immediate care. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneous 12 Yes, probed 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal pregnancy complications Variables -- TOPICS Knows of pregnancy complication: Pre-eclampsia SECTION 4A. PREGNANCY, POSTNATAL CARE AND BREASTFEEDING 401. Now we will talk about possible problems that women might face when she is going to have a child. Please tell me what are the complications during pregnancy, childbirth and after delivery that needs medical treatment. 401A. Have you ever heard or (PROBLEMS) 1. SEVERE HEADACHE OR BLURRY VISION OR SWOLLEN ARMS AND LEGS SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 2. VAGINAL BLEEDING DURING PREGNANCY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 3. LABOR FOR MORE THAN 18 HOURS SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 4. EXCESSIVE BLEEDING DURING OR AFTER DELIVERY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 5. CONVULSION SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 6. FEVER FOR MORE THAN 3 DAYS DURING PREGNANCY OR AFTER DELIVERY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 7. BAD SMELLING VAGINAL DISCHARGE SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 8. OTHERS (SPECIFY) SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 ANKNOWPREECL indicates whether the respondent reported pre-eclampsia as a symptom during pregnancy that requires immediate care. According to the Mayo Clinic website, pre-eclampsia is a condition of pregnancy marked by the development of high blood pressure, high levels of protein in urine, vision problems, dizziness, headaches, and swelling of feet, legs, and hands. If untreated, pre-eclampsia can lead to eclampsia, a serious condition that puts mother and child at risk of death. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneous 12 Yes, probed 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal pregnancy complications Variables -- TOPICS Knows of pregnancy complication: Other SECTION 4A. PREGNANCY, POSTNATAL CARE AND BREASTFEEDING 401. Now we will talk about possible problems that women might face when she is going to have a child. Please tell me what are the complications during pregnancy, childbirth and after delivery that needs medical treatment. 401A. Have you ever heard or (PROBLEMS) 1. SEVERE HEADACHE OR BLURRY VISION OR SWOLLEN ARMS AND LEGS SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 2. VAGINAL BLEEDING DURING PREGNANCY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 3. LABOR FOR MORE THAN 18 HOURS SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 4. EXCESSIVE BLEEDING DURING OR AFTER DELIVERY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 5. CONVULSION SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 6. FEVER FOR MORE THAN 3 DAYS DURING PREGNANCY OR AFTER DELIVERY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 7. BAD SMELLING VAGINAL DISCHARGE SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 8. OTHERS (SPECIFY) SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 ANKNOWOTH indicates whether the respondent reported some other symptom during pregnancy that requires immediate care. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific categories included in a particular sample. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneous 12 Yes, probed 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal pregnancy complications Variables -- TOPICS Woman currently postpartum amenorrheic 433. Has your period returned since the birth of (NAME)? YES 1 (GO TO 435) NO 2 (GO TO 436) PPAMENNOW (V405) reports whether the woman is currently postpartum amenorrheic. This variable is created from the maternity history by checking if menstruation resumed after birth. Women who are currently pregnant (irrespective of whether the woman's period returned after her last birth) and women who did not have births in the last three to five years are automatically reported as not currently amenorrheic, and coded "No" (code 0). When children or births are the unit of analysis, this variable describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all children of the mother to be coded the same way. 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Woman currently postpartum abstaining 437. Have you resumed sexual relations since the birth of (NAME)? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 439) PPABSTAINNOW (V406) reports whether the woman is currently postpartum abstaining from sex. This variable is created from the maternity history by checking if the respondent has resumed sexual relations since her last birth. Women who did not have births in the last three to five years are automatically reported as not currently abstaining, and coded "No" (code 0). When children or births are the unit of analysis, this variable describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all children of the mother to be coded the same way. 0 No 1 Yes General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number 212. What name was given to your (first/next) baby? NAME ___ BIDX_ALL reports the index number of the child in the mother's birth history, from 1 to n, where the nth birth is the mother's first birth, and 1 is the most recently born child. Up to 20 births could be reported by a woman. After saying "Now I would like to record the names of all your births, whether still alive or not, starting with the first one you had," the interviewer recorded each child's name in turn on successively numbered lines printed in the "Reproduction" section of the individual woman's questionnaire. When women are the unit of analysis, all of their children's characteristics are reported using the index number of the birth history. For example, variables ending with "_01" always refer to the most recent birth. This means that BIDX_01 will always equal "1," BIDX_02 will always equal "2," and so on. Combined with CASEID, BIDX_ALL uniquely identifies births within a sample. Combined with IDHSPID, BIDX_ALL uniquely identifies births across samples. Using these variables, data users can link IPUMS-DHS data to original DHS child-level (KR) and birth-level (BR) datasets. BIDX_ALL consists of a set of twenty separate variables, covering the most recent birth (BIDX_01) up to the twentieth-most-recent birth (BIDX_20) for a female respondent of childbearing age. If BIDX_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. Information for this variable was collected on all births for a woman, up to a maximum of twenty. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to twenty births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 19 or 20 births). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 20 births and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then BIDX_20 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 BIDX_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (last-born child) 212. What name was given to your (first/next) baby? NAME ___ 01 1 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (second-to-last-born child) 212. What name was given to your (first/next) baby? NAME ___ 02 2 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (third-to-last-born child) 212. What name was given to your (first/next) baby? NAME ___ 03 3 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (fourth-to-last-born child) 212. What name was given to your (first/next) baby? NAME ___ 04 4 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (fifth-to-last-born child) 212. What name was given to your (first/next) baby? NAME ___ 05 5 99 NIU (not in universe General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (sixth-to-last-born child) 212. What name was given to your (first/next) baby? NAME ___ 06 6 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (seventh-to-last-born child) 212. What name was given to your (first/next) baby? NAME ___ 07 7 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (eighth-to-last-born child) 212. What name was given to your (first/next) baby? NAME ___ 08 8 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (ninth-to-last-born child) 212. What name was given to your (first/next) baby? NAME ___ 09 9 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (tenth-to-last-born child) 212. What name was given to your (first/next) baby? NAME ___ 10 10 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (eleventh-to-last-born child) 212. What name was given to your (first/next) baby? NAME ___ 11 11 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (twelfth-to-last-born child) 212. What name was given to your (first/next) baby? NAME ___ 12 12 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (thirteenth-to-last-born child) 212. What name was given to your (first/next) baby? NAME ___ 13 13 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (fourteenth-to-last-born child) 212. What name was given to your (first/next) baby? NAME ___ 14 14 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (fifteenth-to-last-born child) 212. What name was given to your (first/next) baby? NAME ___ 15 15 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (sixteenth-to-last-born child) 212. What name was given to your (first/next) baby? NAME ___ 16 16 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (seventeenth-to-last-born child) 17 17 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (eighteenth-to-last-born child) 18 18 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (nineteenth-to-last-born child) 19 19 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (twentieth-to-last-born child) 20 20 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number 212. What name was given to your (first/next) baby? NAME ___ KIDBORD_ALL (BORD_x) reports the birth order in which the child was born, from 1 to n, where 1 equals the first child born to a mother, and the nth birth is the most recently born child. Up to 20 births could be reported by a woman. KIDBORD_ALL consists of a set of twenty separate variables, covering the most recent birth (KIDBORD_01) up to the twentieth-most-recent birth (KIDBORD_20) for a female respondent of childbearing age. If KIDBORD_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. Information for this variable was collected on all births for a woman, up to a maximum of twenty births. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to twenty births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 19 or 20 births). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 20 births and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then KIDBORD_20 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 KIDBORD_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (last-born child) 212. What name was given to your (first/next) baby? NAME ___ 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (second-to-last-born child) 212. What name was given to your (first/next) baby? NAME ___ 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (third-to-last-born child) 212. What name was given to your (first/next) baby? NAME ___ 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (fourth-to-last-born child) 212. What name was given to your (first/next) baby? NAME ___ 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (fifth-to-last-born child) 212. What name was given to your (first/next) baby? NAME ___ 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (sixth-to-last-born child) 212. What name was given to your (first/next) baby? NAME ___ 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (seventh-to-last-born child) 212. What name was given to your (first/next) baby? NAME ___ 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (eighth-to-last-born child) 212. What name was given to your (first/next) baby? NAME ___ 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (ninth-to-last-born child) 212. What name was given to your (first/next) baby? NAME ___ 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (tenth-to-last-born child) 212. What name was given to your (first/next) baby? NAME ___ 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (eleventh-to-last-born child) 212. What name was given to your (first/next) baby? NAME ___ 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (twelfth-to-last-born child) 212. What name was given to your (first/next) baby? NAME ___ 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (thirteenth-to-last-born child) 212. What name was given to your (first/next) baby? NAME ___ 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (fourteenth-to-last-born child) 212. What name was given to your (first/next) baby? NAME ___ 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (fifteenth-to-last-born child) 212. What name was given to your (first/next) baby? NAME ___ 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (sixteenth-to-last-born child) 212. What name was given to your (first/next) baby? NAME ___ 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (seventeenth-to-last-born child) 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (eighteenth-to-last-born child) 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (nineteenth-to-last-born child) 01 1 02 2 03 3 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (twentieth-to-last-born child) 01 1 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth 213. Were any of these births twins? SINGLE 1 MULTIPLE 2 KIDTWIN_ALL (B0_x) reports whether the child is a twin (or born in a multiple birth) or is a singleton (single) birth. KIDTWIN_ALL consists of a set of twenty separate variables, covering the most recent birth (KIDTWIN_01) up to the twentieth-most-recent birth (KIDTWIN_20) for a female respondent of childbearing age. If KIDTWIN_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. Information for this variable was collected on all births for a woman, up to a maximum of twenty. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to twenty births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 19 or 20 births). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 20 births and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then KIDTWIN_20 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 KIDTWIN_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (last-born child) 213. Were any of these births twins? SINGLE 1 MULTIPLE 2 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (second-to-last-born child) 213. Were any of these births twins? SINGLE 1 MULTIPLE 2 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (third-to-last-born child) 213. Were any of these births twins? SINGLE 1 MULTIPLE 2 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (fourth-to-last-born child) 213. Were any of these births twins? SINGLE 1 MULTIPLE 2 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (fifth-to-last-born child) 213. Were any of these births twins? SINGLE 1 MULTIPLE 2 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (sixth-to-last-born child) 213. Were any of these births twins? SINGLE 1 MULTIPLE 2 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (seventh-to-last-born child) 213. Were any of these births twins? SINGLE 1 MULTIPLE 2 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (eighth-to-last-born child) 213. Were any of these births twins? SINGLE 1 MULTIPLE 2 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (ninth-to-last-born child) 213. Were any of these births twins? SINGLE 1 MULTIPLE 2 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (tenth-to-last-born child) 213. Were any of these births twins? SINGLE 1 MULTIPLE 2 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (eleventh-to-last-born child) 213. Were any of these births twins? SINGLE 1 MULTIPLE 2 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (twelfth-to-last-born child) 213. Were any of these births twins? SINGLE 1 MULTIPLE 2 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (thirteenth-to-last-born child) 213. Were any of these births twins? SINGLE 1 MULTIPLE 2 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (fourteenth-to-last-born child) 213. Were any of these births twins? SINGLE 1 MULTIPLE 2 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (fifteenth-to-last-born child) 213. Were any of these births twins? SINGLE 1 MULTIPLE 2 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (sixteenth-to-last-born child) 213. Were any of these births twins? SINGLE 1 MULTIPLE 2 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (seventeenth-to-last-born child) 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (eighteenth-to-last-born child) 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (nineteenth-to-last-born child) 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (twentieth-to-last-born child) 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ KIDBIRTHMO_ALL (B1_x) reports the child's month of birth, according to the Gregorian calendar. KIDBIRTHMO_ALL consists of a set of twenty separate variables, covering the most recent birth (KIDBIRTHMO_01) up to the twentieth-most-recent birth (KIDBIRTHMO_20) for a female respondent of childbearing age. If KIDBIRTHMO_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. Information for this variable was collected on all births for a woman, up to a maximum of twenty births. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to twenty births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 19 or 20 births). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 20 births and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then KIDBIRTHMO_20 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 KIDBIRTHMO_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (second-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (third-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (fourth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (fifth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (sixth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (seventh-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (eighth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (ninth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (tenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (eleventh-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (twelfth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (thirteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (fourteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (fifteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (sixteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (seventeenth-to-last-born child) 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (eighteenth-to-last-born child) 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (nineteenth-to-last-born child) 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (twentieth-to-last-born child) 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ KIDBIRTHYR_ALL (B2_x) reports the child's year of birth, according to the Gregorian calendar. KIDBIRTHYR_ALL consists of a set of twenty separate variables, covering the most recent birth (KIDBIRTHYR_01) up to the twentieth-most-recent birth (KIDBIRTHYR_20) for a female respondent of childbearing age. If KIDBIRTHYR_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. Information for this variable was collected on all births for a woman, up to a maximum of twenty births. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to twenty births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 19 or 20 births). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 20 births and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then KIDBIRTHYR_20 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 KIDBIRTHYR_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 2017 2017 2018 2018 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (second-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 2017 2017 2018 2018 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (third-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 2017 2017 2018 2018 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (fourth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 1950 1950 1951 1951 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 2017 2017 2018 2018 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (fifth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (sixth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 1951 1951 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (seventh-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 1950 1950 1951 1951 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (eighth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 1950 1950 1951 1951 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (ninth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 1949 1949 1950 1950 1951 1951 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (tenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 1948 1948 1949 1949 1950 1950 1951 1951 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (eleventh-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 1950 1950 1951 1951 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (twelfth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (thirteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 1949 1949 1950 1950 1951 1951 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (fourteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (fifteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (sixteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (seventeenth-to-last-born child) 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (eighteenth-to-last-born child) 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (nineteenth-to-last-born child) 1951 1951 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (twentieth-to-last-born child) 1950 1950 1951 1951 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) KIDDOBCMC_ALL (B3_x) reports the century month code for the date of birth of the child. KIDDOBCMC_ALL consists of a set of twenty separate variables, covering the most recent birth (KIDDOBCMC_01) up to the twentieth-most-recent birth (KIDDOBCMC_20) for a female respondent of childbearing age. If KIDDOBCMC_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. Information for this variable was collected on all births for a woman, up to a maximum of twenty. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to twenty births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 19 or 20 births). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 20 births and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then KIDDOBCMC_20 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 KIDDOBCMC_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (second-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (third-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (fourth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (fifth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (sixth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (seventh-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (eighth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (ninth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (tenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (eleventh-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (twelfth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (thirteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (fourteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (fifteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (sixteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (seventeenth-to-last-born child) 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (eighteenth-to-last-born child) 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (nineteenth-to-last-born child) 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (twentieth-to-last-born child) 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 KIDSEX _ALL (B4_x) reports the sex of each birth reported by women of childbearing age. KIDSEX_ALL consists of a set of twenty separate variables, covering the most recent birth (KIDSEX_01) up to the twentieth-most-recent birth (KIDSEX_20) for a female respondent of childbearing age. If KIDSEX_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births for a woman, up to a maximum of twenty. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to twenty births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 19 or 20 births). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 20 births and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then KIDSEX_20 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 KIDSEX_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (most recent birth) 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (second most recent birth) 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (third most recent birth) 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (fourth most recent birth) 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (fifth most recent birth) 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (sixth most recent birth) 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (seventh most recent birth) 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (eighth most recent birth) 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (ninth most recent birth) 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (tenth most recent birth) 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (eleventh most recent birth) 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (twelfth most recent birth) 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (thirteenth most recent birth) 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (fourteenth most recent birth) 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (fifteenth most recent birth) 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (sixteenth most recent birth) 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (seventeenth most recent birth) 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (eighteenth most recent birth) 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (nineteenth most recent birth) 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (twentieth most recent birth) 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 220) KIDALIVE _ALL (B5_x) indicates whether each birth reported by a woman of childbearing age is alive. KIDALIVE_ALL consists of a set of twenty separate variables, covering the most recent birth (KIDALIVE_01) up to the twentieth-most-recent birth (KIDALIVE_20) for a female respondent of childbearing age. If KIDALIVE_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births for a woman, up to a maximum of twenty. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to twenty births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 19 or 20 births). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 20 births and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then KIDALIVE_20 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 KIDALIVE_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (most recent birth) 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 220) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (second most recent birth) 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 220) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (third most recent birth) 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 220) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (fourth most recent birth) 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 220) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (fifth most recent birth) 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 220) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (sixth recent birth) 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 220) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (seventh recent birth) 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 220) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (eighth recent birth) 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 220) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (ninth recent birth) 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 220) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (tenth recent birth) 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 220) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (eleventh recent birth) 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 220) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (twelfth recent birth) 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 220) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (thirteenth recent birth) 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 220) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (fourteenth recent birth) 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 220) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (fifteenth recent birth) 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 220) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (sixteenth recent birth) 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 220) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (seventeenth recent birth) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (eighteenth recent birth) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (nineteenth recent birth) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (twentieth recent birth) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ KIDAGEDEATH_ALL (B6_x) reports the age of the deceased child at death. The first digit of the codes indicates the time unit: 100: Days 200: Months 300: Years KIDAGEDEATH_ALL consists of a set of twenty separate variables, covering the most recent birth (KIDAGEDEATH_01) up to the twentieth-most-recent birth (KIDAGEDEATH_20) for a female respondent of childbearing age. If KIDAGEDEATH_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. Information for this variable was collected on all births for a woman, up to a maximum of twenty births. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to twenty births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 19 or 20 births). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 20 births and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then KIDAGEDEATH_20 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 KIDAGEDEATH_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (last-born child) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ See KIDAGEDEATH_ALL. 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 131 31 days 132 32 days 133 33 days 134 34 days 135 35 days 136 36 days 137 37 days 138 38 days 139 39 days 140 40 days 198 Days: Don't know 199 Days: Number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 224 24 months 225 25 months 226 26 months 227 27 months 228 28 months 229 29 months 230 30 months 231 31 months 232 32 months 233 33 months 234 34 months 235 35 months 236 36 months 237 37 months 238 38 months 239 39 months 240 40 months 241 41 months 242 42 months 243 43 months 244 44 months 245 45 months 246 46 months 247 47 months 248 48 months 249 49 months 250 50 months 251 51 months 252 52 months 253 53 months 254 54 months 255 55 months 256 56 months 297 Months: Inconsistant 298 Months: Don't know 299 Months: Number missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 331 31 years 332 32 years 333 33 years 334 34 years 335 35 years 336 36 years 397 Years: Inconsistent 398 Years: Don't know 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistant 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (second-to-last-born child) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 131 31 days 132 32 days 133 33 days 134 34 days 135 35 days 136 36 days 137 37 days 138 38 days 139 39 days 140 40 days 141 41 days 142 42 days 143 43 days 144 44 days 145 45 days 198 Days: Don't know 199 Days: Number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 224 24 months 225 25 months 226 26 months 227 27 months 228 28 months 229 29 months 230 30 months 231 31 months 232 32 months 233 33 months 234 34 months 235 35 months 236 36 months 237 37 months 238 38 months 239 39 months 240 40 months 241 41 months 242 42 months 243 43 months 244 44 months 245 45 months 246 46 months 247 47 months 248 48 months 249 49 months 250 50 months 251 51 months 252 52 months 253 53 months 254 54 months 255 55 months 256 56 months 257 57 months 258 58 months 259 59 months 297 Months: Inconsistant 298 Months: Don't know 299 Months: Number missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 331 31 years 332 32 years 333 33 years 334 34 years 335 35 years 336 36 years 337 37 years 338 38 years 339 39 years 340 40 years 397 Years: Inconsistant 398 Years: Don't know 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistant 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (third-to-last-born child) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 131 31 days 132 32 days 133 33 days 134 34 days 135 35 days 136 36 days 137 37 days 138 38 days 139 39 days 140 40 days 198 Days: Don't know 199 Days: Number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 224 24 months 225 25 months 226 26 months 227 27 months 228 28 months 229 29 months 230 30 months 231 31 months 232 32 months 233 33 months 234 34 months 235 35 months 236 36 months 237 37 months 238 38 months 239 39 months 240 40 months 241 41 months 242 42 months 243 43 months 244 44 months 245 45 months 246 46 months 247 47 months 248 48 months 249 49 months 250 50 months 251 51 months 252 52 months 253 53 months 254 54 months 255 55 months 256 56 months 297 Months: Inconsistant 298 Months: Don't know 299 Months: Number missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 331 31 years 332 32 years 333 33 years 334 34 years 335 35 years 336 36 years 337 37 years 338 38 years 397 Years: Inconsistant 398 Years: Don't know 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistant 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (fourth-to-last-born child) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 131 31 days 132 32 days 133 33 days 134 34 days 135 35 days 136 36 days 137 37 days 138 38 days 139 39 days 140 40 days 141 41 days 197 Days: Inconsistant 198 Days: Don't know 199 Days: number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 224 24 months 225 25 months 226 26 months 227 27 months 228 28 months 229 29 months 230 30 months 231 31 months 232 32 months 233 33 months 234 34 months 235 35 months 236 36 months 237 37 months 238 38 months 239 39 months 240 40 months 241 41 months 242 42 months 243 43 months 244 44 months 245 45 months 246 46 months 247 47 months 248 48 months 249 49 months 250 50 months 251 51 months 252 52 months 253 53 months 254 54 months 255 55 months 256 56 months 257 57 months 258 58 months 259 59 months 298 Months: Don't know 299 Months: number missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 331 31 years 332 32 years 333 33 years 334 34 years 335 35 years 336 36 years 397 Years: Inconsistant 398 Years: Don't know 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistant 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (fifth-to-last-born child) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 131 31 days 132 32 days 133 33 days 134 34 days 135 35 days 136 36 days 137 37 days 138 38 days 139 39 days 140 40 days 197 Days: Inconsistant 198 Days: Don't know 199 Days: Number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 224 24 months 225 25 months 226 26 months 227 27 months 228 28 months 229 29 months 230 30 months 231 31 months 232 32 months 233 33 months 234 34 months 235 35 months 236 36 months 237 37 months 238 38 months 239 39 months 240 40 months 241 41 months 242 42 months 243 43 months 244 44 months 245 45 months 246 46 months 247 47 months 248 48 months 249 49 months 250 50 months 251 51 months 252 52 months 253 53 months 254 54 months 255 55 months 256 56 months 257 57 months 258 58 months 297 Months: Inconsistant 298 Months: Don't know 299 Months: Missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 331 31 years 332 32 years 333 33 years 334 34 years 335 35 years 397 Years: Inconsistent 398 Years: Don't know 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (sixth-to-last-born child) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 131 31 days 132 32 days 133 33 days 134 34 days 135 35 days 136 36 days 137 37 days 138 38 days 139 39 days 140 40 days 198 Days: Don't know 199 Days: Number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 224 24 months 225 25 months 226 26 months 227 27 months 228 28 months 229 29 months 230 30 months 231 31 months 232 32 months 233 33 months 234 34 months 235 35 months 236 36 months 237 37 months 238 38 months 239 39 months 240 40 months 241 41 months 242 42 months 243 43 months 244 44 months 245 45 months 246 46 months 247 47 months 248 48 months 249 49 months 250 50 months 251 51 months 252 52 months 253 53 months 254 54 months 255 55 months 256 56 months 257 57 months 258 58 months 298 Months: Don't know 299 Months: Number missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 331 31 years 332 32 years 333 33 years 334 34 years 335 35 years 336 36 years 337 37 years 338 38 years 339 39 years 397 Years: Inconsistent 398 Years: Don't know 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (seventh-to-last-born child) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 131 31 days 132 32 days 133 33 days 134 34 days 135 35 days 136 36 days 137 37 days 138 38 days 139 39 days 140 40 days 141 41 days 142 42 days 198 Days: Don't know 199 Days: Number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 224 24 months 225 25 months 226 26 months 227 27 months 228 28 months 229 29 months 230 30 months 231 31 months 232 32 months 233 33 months 234 34 months 235 35 months 236 36 months 237 37 months 238 38 months 239 39 months 240 40 months 241 41 months 242 42 months 243 43 months 244 44 months 245 45 months 246 46 months 247 47 months 248 48 months 249 49 months 250 50 months 251 51 months 252 52 months 253 53 months 254 54 months 255 55 months 256 56 months 298 Months: Don't know 299 Months: Number missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 331 31 years 332 32 years 333 33 years 334 34 years 335 35 years 397 Years: Inconsistent 398 Years: Don't know 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (eighth-to-last-born child) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 131 31 days 132 32 days 133 33 days 134 34 days 135 35 days 136 36 days 137 37 days 138 38 days 139 39 days 140 40 days 141 41 days 198 Days: Don't know 199 Days: Number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 224 24 months 225 25 months 226 26 months 227 27 months 228 28 months 229 29 months 230 30 months 231 31 months 232 32 months 233 33 months 234 34 months 235 35 months 236 36 months 237 37 months 238 38 months 239 39 months 240 40 months 241 41 months 242 42 months 243 43 months 244 44 months 245 45 months 246 46 months 247 47 months 248 48 months 249 49 months 250 50 months 251 51 months 252 52 months 253 53 months 254 54 months 255 55 months 256 56 months 257 57 months 258 58 months 297 Months: Inconsistent 298 Months: Don't know 299 Months: Number missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 331 31 years 332 32 years 333 33 years 334 34 years 335 35 years 397 Years: Inconsistent 398 Years: Don't know 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (ninth-to-last-born child) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 131 31 days 132 32 days 133 33 days 134 34 days 135 35 days 136 36 days 137 37 days 138 38 days 139 39 days 140 40 days 198 Days: Don't know 199 Days: Number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 224 24 months 225 25 months 226 26 months 227 27 months 228 28 months 229 29 months 230 30 months 231 31 months 232 32 months 233 33 months 234 34 months 235 35 months 236 36 months 237 37 months 238 38 months 239 39 months 240 40 months 241 41 months 242 42 months 243 43 months 244 44 months 245 45 months 246 46 months 247 47 months 248 48 months 249 49 months 250 50 months 251 51 months 252 52 months 253 53 months 254 54 months 255 55 months 298 Months: Don't know 299 Monoths: Number missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 331 31 years 332 32 years 333 33 years 334 34 years 335 35 years 336 36 years 397 Years: Inconsistent 398 Years: Don't know 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (tenth-to-last-born child) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 131 31 days 132 32 days 133 33 days 134 34 days 135 35 days 136 36 days 137 37 days 138 38 days 139 39 days 140 40 days 198 Days: Don't know 199 Days: Number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 224 24 months 225 25 months 226 26 months 227 27 months 228 28 months 229 29 months 230 30 months 231 31 months 232 32 months 233 33 months 234 34 months 235 35 months 236 36 months 237 37 months 238 38 months 239 39 months 240 40 months 241 41 months 242 42 months 243 43 months 244 44 months 245 45 months 246 46 months 247 47 months 248 48 months 249 49 months 250 50 months 251 51 months 252 52 months 253 53 months 254 54 months 255 55 months 256 56 months 298 Months: Don't know 299 Months: Number missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 331 31 years 332 32 years 333 33 years 334 34 years 335 35 years 336 36 years 337 37 years 397 Years: Inconsistent 398 Years: Don't know 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (eleventh-to-last-born child) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 131 31 days 132 32 days 133 33 days 134 34 days 135 35 days 136 36 days 137 37 days 138 38 days 139 39 days 140 40 days 198 Days: Don’t know 199 Days: Number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 224 24 months 225 25 months 226 26 months 227 27 months 228 28 months 229 29 months 230 30 months 231 31 months 232 32 months 233 33 months 234 34 months 235 35 months 236 36 months 237 37 months 238 38 months 239 39 months 240 40 months 241 41 months 242 42 months 243 43 months 244 44 months 245 45 months 246 46 months 247 47 months 298 Months: Don't know 299 Months: Number missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 331 31 years 332 32 years 333 33 years 397 Years: Inconsistent 398 Years: Don't know 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (twelfth-to-last-born child) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 131 31 days 132 32 days 133 33 days 134 34 days 135 35 days 136 36 days 137 37 days 138 38 days 139 39 days 140 40 days 198 Days: Don't know 199 Days: Number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 224 24 months 225 25 months 226 26 months 227 27 months 228 28 months 229 29 months 230 30 months 299 Months: Number missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 331 31 years 332 32 years 333 33 years 334 34 years 397 Years: Inconsistent 398 Years: Don't know 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (thirteenth-to-last-born child) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 131 31 days 132 32 days 133 33 days 134 34 days 135 35 days 136 36 days 137 37 days 138 38 days 139 39 days 140 40 days 198 Days: Don't know 199 Days: Number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 224 24 months 225 25 months 226 26 months 299 Months: Number missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 331 31 years 332 32 years 333 33 years 334 34 years 397 Years: Inconsistent 398 Years: Don't know 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (fourteenth-to-last-born child) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 198 Days: Don't know 199 Days: Number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 224 24 months 225 25 months 226 26 months 227 27 months 228 28 months 229 29 months 230 30 months 231 31 months 232 32 months 233 33 months 234 34 months 235 35 months 236 36 months 237 37 months 238 38 months 239 39 months 240 40 months 241 41 months 242 42 months 243 43 months 244 44 months 245 45 months 246 46 months 247 47 months 248 48 months 299 Months: Number missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 397 Years: Inconsistent 398 Years: Don't know 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (fifteenth-to-last-born child) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 198 Days: Don’t know 199 Days: Number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 224 24 months 298 Months: Don't know 299 Months: Number missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 331 31 years 332 32 years 333 33 years 334 34 years 335 35 years 336 36 years 337 37 years 397 Years: Inconsistent 398 Years: Don't know 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (sixteenth-to-last-born child) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 198 Days: Don't know 199 Days: Number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 299 Months: Number missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 397 Years: Inconsistent 398 Years: Don't know 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (seventeenth-to-last-born child) 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 198 Days: Don't know 199 Days: Number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 299 Months: Number missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 397 Years: Inconsistent 398 Years: Don't know 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (eighteenth-to-last-born child) 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 199 Days: Number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 299 Months: Number missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (nineteenth-to-last-born child) 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 199 Days: Number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 299 Months: Number missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (twentieth-to-last-born child) 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 199 Days: Number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 299 Months: Number missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) KIDAGEDIEDIMP _ALL (B7_x) reports the age of the deceased child at death in months (including imputed ages). KIDAGEDIEDIMP_ALL consists of a set of twenty separate variables, covering the most recent birth (KIDAGEDIEDIMP_01) up to the twentieth-most-recent birth (KIDAGEDIEDIMP_20) for a female respondent of childbearing age. If KIDAGEDIEDIMP_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. Information for this variable was collected on all births for a woman, up to a maximum of twenty. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to twenty births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 19 or 20 births). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 20 births and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then KIDAGEDIEDIMP_20 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 KIDAGEDIEDIMP_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (last birth) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (second-to-last birth) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (third-to-last birth) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (fourth-to-last birth) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (fifth-to-last birth) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (sixth-to-last birth) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (seventh-to-last birth) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (eighth-to-last birth) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (ninth-to-last birth) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (tenth-to-last birth) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (eleventh-to-last birth) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (twelfth-to-last birth) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (thirteenth-to-last birth) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (fourteenth-to-last birth) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (fifteenth-to-last birth) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (sixteenth-to-last birth) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (seventeenth-to-last birth) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (eighteenth-to-last birth) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (nineteenth-to-last birth) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (twentieth-to-last birth) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ KIDAGEDEATHFLAG_ALL (B13_x) reports the type of problem, if any, found when editing responses about the child's age at death (in KIDAGEDEATH_ALL). A code of 0 indicates no problem with the original response. KIDAGEDEATHFLAG_ALL consists of a set of twenty separate variables, covering the most recent birth (KIDAGEDEATHFLAG_01) up to the twentieth-most-recent birth (KIDAGEDEATHFLAG_20) for a female respondent of childbearing age. If KIDAGEDEATHFLAG_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. Information for this variable was collected on all births for a woman, up to a maximum of twenty births. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to twenty births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 19 or 20 births). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 20 births and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then KIDAGEDEATHFLAG_20 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 KIDAGEDEATHFLAG_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (last-born child) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (second-to-last-born child) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (third-to-last-born child) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (fourth-to-last-born child) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (fifth-to-last-born child) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (sixth-to-last-born child) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (seventh-to-last-born child) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (eighth-to-last-born child) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (ninth-to-last-born child) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (tenth-to-last-born child) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (eleventh-to-last-born child) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (twelfth-to-last-born child) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (thirteenth-to-last-born child) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (fourteenth-to-last-born child) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (fifteenth-to-last-born child) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (sixteenth-to-last-born child) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (seventeenth-to-last-born child) 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (eighteenth-to-last-born child) 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (nineteenth-to-last-born child) 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (twentieth-to-last-born child) 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years 217. IF ALIVE: How old was (NAME) at his or her last birthday? RECORD AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS. AGE IN YEARS ___ KIDCURAGE_ALL (B8_x) reports the current age of the living child, in years, at the time of the survey. KIDCURAGE_ALL consists of a set of twenty separate variables, covering the most recent birth (KIDCURAGE_01) up to the twentieth-most-recent birth (KIDCURAGE_20) for a female respondent of childbearing age. If KIDCURAGE_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. Information for this variable was collected on all births for a woman, up to a maximum of twenty births. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to twenty births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 19 or 20 births). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 20 births and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then KIDCURAGE_20 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 KIDCURAGE_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (last-born child) 217. IF ALIVE: How old was (NAME) at his or her last birthday? RECORD AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS. AGE IN YEARS ___ 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (second-to-last-born child) 217. IF ALIVE: How old was (NAME) at his or her last birthday? RECORD AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS. AGE IN YEARS ___ 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (third-to-last-born child) 217. IF ALIVE: How old was (NAME) at his or her last birthday? RECORD AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS. AGE IN YEARS ___ 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (fourth-to-last-born child) 217. IF ALIVE: How old was (NAME) at his or her last birthday? RECORD AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS. AGE IN YEARS ___ 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (fifth-to-last-born child) 217. IF ALIVE: How old was (NAME) at his or her last birthday? RECORD AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS. AGE IN YEARS ___ 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (sixth-to-last-born child) 217. IF ALIVE: How old was (NAME) at his or her last birthday? RECORD AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS. AGE IN YEARS ___ 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (seventh-to-last-born child) 217. IF ALIVE: How old was (NAME) at his or her last birthday? RECORD AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS. AGE IN YEARS ___ 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (eighth-to-last-born child) 217. IF ALIVE: How old was (NAME) at his or her last birthday? RECORD AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS. AGE IN YEARS ___ 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (ninth-to-last-born child) 217. IF ALIVE: How old was (NAME) at his or her last birthday? RECORD AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS. AGE IN YEARS ___ 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (tenth-to-last-born child) 217. IF ALIVE: How old was (NAME) at his or her last birthday? RECORD AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS. AGE IN YEARS ___ 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (eleventh-to-last-born child) 217. IF ALIVE: How old was (NAME) at his or her last birthday? RECORD AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS. AGE IN YEARS ___ 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (twelfth-to-last-born child) 217. IF ALIVE: How old was (NAME) at his or her last birthday? RECORD AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS. AGE IN YEARS ___ 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (thirteenth-to-last-born child) 217. IF ALIVE: How old was (NAME) at his or her last birthday? RECORD AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS. AGE IN YEARS ___ 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (fourteenth-to-last-born child) 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (fifteenth-to-last-born child) 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (sixteenth-to-last-born child) 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (seventeenth-to-last-born child) 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (eighteenth-to-last-born child) 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (nineteenth-to-last-born child) 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (twentieth-to-last-born child) 34 34 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others 218. IF ALIVE: Is (NAME) living with you? YES 1 NO 2 KIDLIVESWITH_ALL (B9_x) reports the person with whom the child usually lives (i.e., the child's mother or someone else). KIDLIVESWITH_ALL consists of a set of twenty separate variables, covering the most recent birth (KIDLIVESWITH_01) up to the twentieth-most-recent birth (KIDLIVESWITH_20) for a female respondent of childbearing age. If KIDLIVESWITH_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. Information for this variable was collected on all births for a woman, up to a maximum of twenty births. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to twenty births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 19 or 20 births). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 20 births and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then KIDLIVESWITH_20 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 KIDLIVESWITH_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (last-born child) 218. IF ALIVE: Is (NAME) living with you? YES 1 NO 2 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (second-to-last-born child) 218. IF ALIVE: Is (NAME) living with you? YES 1 NO 2 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (third-to-last-born child) 218. IF ALIVE: Is (NAME) living with you? YES 1 NO 2 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (fourth-to-last-born child) 218. IF ALIVE: Is (NAME) living with you? YES 1 NO 2 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (fifth-to-last-born child) 218. IF ALIVE: Is (NAME) living with you? YES 1 NO 2 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (sixth-to-last-born child) 218. IF ALIVE: Is (NAME) living with you? YES 1 NO 2 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (seventh-to-last-born child) 218. IF ALIVE: Is (NAME) living with you? YES 1 NO 2 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (eighth-to-last-born child) 218. IF ALIVE: Is (NAME) living with you? YES 1 NO 2 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (ninth-to-last-born child) 218. IF ALIVE: Is (NAME) living with you? YES 1 NO 2 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (tenth-to-last-born child) 218. IF ALIVE: Is (NAME) living with you? YES 1 NO 2 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (eleventh-to-last-born child) 218. IF ALIVE: Is (NAME) living with you? YES 1 NO 2 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (twelfth-to-last-born child) 218. IF ALIVE: Is (NAME) living with you? YES 1 NO 2 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (thirteenth-to-last-born child) 218. IF ALIVE: Is (NAME) living with you? YES 1 NO 2 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (fourteenth-to-last-born child) 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (fifteenth-to-last-born child) 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (sixteenth-to-last-born child) 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (seventeenth-to-last-born child) 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (eighteenth-to-last-born child) 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (nineteenth-to-last-born child) 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (twentieth-to-last-born child) 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth KIDAGEINFO_ALL (B10_x) reports the completeness of information about the child's age and date of birth. KIDAGEINFO_ALL consists of a set of twenty separate variables, covering the most recent birth (KIDAGEINFO_01) up to the twentieth-most-recent birth (KIDAGEINFO_20) for a female respondent of childbearing age. If KIDAGEINFO_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. Information for this variable was collected on all births for a woman, up to a maximum of twenty births. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to twenty births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 19 or 20 births). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 20 births and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then KIDAGEINFO_20 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 KIDAGEINFO_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (last-born child) 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (second-to-last-born child) 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (third-to-last-born child) 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all inputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (fourth-to-last-born child) 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (fifth-to-last-born child) 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (sixth-to-last-born child) 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (seventh-to-last-born child) 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (eighth-to-last-born child) 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (ninth-to-last-born child) 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (tenth-to-last-born child) 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (eleventh-to-last-born child) 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (twelfth-to-last-born child) 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (thirteenth-to-last-born child) 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (fourteenth-to-last-born child) 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (fifteenth-to-last-born child) 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year- age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (sixteenth-to-last-born child) 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (seventeenth-to-last-born child) 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (eighteenth-to-last-born child) 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (nineteenth-to-last-born child) 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (twentieth-to-last-born child) 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ BIRTHINTPREMO_ALL (B11_x) reports the preceding birth interval, or the length of time in months until the child was born, after the mother's previous birth (i.e., after the child's next oldest sibling). Because BIRTHINTPREMO_ALL relates to the child's older sibling, first-born children and twins of first-born children are not included in this variable set. BIRTHINTPREMO_ALL consists of a set of twenty separate variables, covering the most recent birth (BIRTHINTPREMO_01) up to the twentieth-most-recent birth (BIRTHINTPREMO_20) for a female respondent of childbearing age. If BIRTHINTPREMO_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. Information for this variable was collected on all births for a woman, up to a maximum of twenty. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to twenty births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 19 or 20 births). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 20 births and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then BIRTHINTPREMO_20 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 BIRTHINTPREMO_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months (last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months (second-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months (third-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months (fourth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months (fifth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months (sixth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months (seventh-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months (eighth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months (ninth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months (tenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months (eleventh-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months (twelfth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months (thirteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months (fourteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months (fifteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months (sixteenth-to-last-born child) 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months (seventeenth-to-last-born child) 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months (eighteenth-to-last-born child) 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months (nineteenth-to-last-born child) 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ BIRTHINTPOSTMO_ALL (B12_x) reports the succeeding birth interval, or the length of time in months, after the child was born, until the mother's next birth (i.e., before the child's next youngest sibling). Because BIRTHINTPOSTMO_ALL relates to the child's younger sibling, last-born children and twins of last-born children are not included in this variable set. BIRTHINTPOSTMO_ALL consists of a set of nineteen separate variables, covering the second-most-recent birth (BIRTHINTPOSTMO_02) up to the twentieth-most-recent birth (BIRTHINTPOSTMO_20) for a female respondent of childbearing age. If BIRTHINTPOSTMO_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. Information for this variable was collected on all but the most recent birth for a woman, up to a maximum of her twentieth birth. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to the twentieth births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had a 19th or 20th birth). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 20 births and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then BIRTHINTPOSTMO_20 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 BIRTHINTPOSTMO_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months (second-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months (third-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months (fourth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months (fifth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months (sixth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months (seventh-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months (eighth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months (ninth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months (tenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months (eleventh-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months (twelfth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months (thirteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months (fourteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months (fifteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months (sixteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months (seventeenth-to-last-born child) 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months (eighteenth-to-last-born child) 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months (nineteenth-to-last-born child) 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months (twentieth-to-last-born child) 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Any other live births in interval between birth and previous reported birth 221. Were there any other live births between (NAME OF PREVIOUS BIRTH) and (NAME)? (IF MORE THAN ONE BIRTH) YES 1 NO 2 OTHBIRTHININT_ALL (B15_x) indicates whether there were any other live births in the interval between this birth and the previously reported birth. The survey form included the question, "Were there any other live births between (NAME OF PREVIOUS BIRTH) and (NAME), including any children who died?" For DHS Phase III only, OTHBIRTHININT_ALL (B15_x) is limited to "Births for which the interval between the birth and the previously reported birth was four or more years (B14 =1)," according to the Recode Manuals. For later Phases, the universe is all second- and higher-order births. The DHS Recode Manuals include the following explanatory note about this variable: Variables B14 and B15 are questions used in the interview to try and ascertain if the respondent had omitted any live births while reporting her birth history. The birth history may have been modified during the interviewing process, and the responses may not now correspond to the interval between the birth and the preceding birth recorded in this section. The data have been included to help indicate cases where the respondent may have omitted live births while originally reporting the birth history. The omitted births should be included in this final version of the birth history. OTHBIRTHININT_ALL consists of a set of twenty separate variables, covering the most recent birth (OTHBIRTHININT_01) up to the twentieth-most-recent birth (OTHBIRTHININT_20) for a female respondent of childbearing age. If OTHBIRTHININT_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. Information for this variable was collected on all births for a woman, up to a maximum of twenty births. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to twenty births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 19 or 20 births). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 20 births and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then OTHBIRTHININT_20 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 OTHBIRTHININT_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Any other live births in interval between birth and previous reported birth (last-born child) 221. Were there any other live births between (NAME OF PREVIOUS BIRTH) and (NAME)? (IF MORE THAN ONE BIRTH) YES 1 NO 2 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Any other live births in interval between birth and previous reported birth (second-to-last-born child) 221. Were there any other live births between (NAME OF PREVIOUS BIRTH) and (NAME)? (IF MORE THAN ONE BIRTH) YES 1 NO 2 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Any other live births in interval between birth and previous reported birth (third-to-last-born child) 221. Were there any other live births between (NAME OF PREVIOUS BIRTH) and (NAME)? (IF MORE THAN ONE BIRTH) YES 1 NO 2 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Any other live births in interval between birth and previous reported birth (fourth-to-last-born child) 221. Were there any other live births between (NAME OF PREVIOUS BIRTH) and (NAME)? (IF MORE THAN ONE BIRTH) YES 1 NO 2 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Any other live births in interval between birth and previous reported birth (fifth-to-last-born child) 221. Were there any other live births between (NAME OF PREVIOUS BIRTH) and (NAME)? (IF MORE THAN ONE BIRTH) YES 1 NO 2 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Any other live births in interval between birth and previous reported birth (sixth-to-last-born child) 221. Were there any other live births between (NAME OF PREVIOUS BIRTH) and (NAME)? (IF MORE THAN ONE BIRTH) YES 1 NO 2 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Any other live births in interval between birth and previous reported birth (seventh-to-last-born child) 221. Were there any other live births between (NAME OF PREVIOUS BIRTH) and (NAME)? (IF MORE THAN ONE BIRTH) YES 1 NO 2 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Any other live births in interval between birth and previous reported birth (eighth-to-last-born child) 221. Were there any other live births between (NAME OF PREVIOUS BIRTH) and (NAME)? (IF MORE THAN ONE BIRTH) YES 1 NO 2 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Any other live births in interval between birth and previous reported birth (ninth-to-last-born child) 221. Were there any other live births between (NAME OF PREVIOUS BIRTH) and (NAME)? (IF MORE THAN ONE BIRTH) YES 1 NO 2 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Any other live births in interval between birth and previous reported birth (tenth-to-last-born child) 221. Were there any other live births between (NAME OF PREVIOUS BIRTH) and (NAME)? (IF MORE THAN ONE BIRTH) YES 1 NO 2 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Any other live births in interval between birth and previous reported birth (eleventh-to-last-born child) 221. Were there any other live births between (NAME OF PREVIOUS BIRTH) and (NAME)? (IF MORE THAN ONE BIRTH) YES 1 NO 2 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Any other live births in interval between birth and previous reported birth (twelfth-to-last-born child) 221. Were there any other live births between (NAME OF PREVIOUS BIRTH) and (NAME)? (IF MORE THAN ONE BIRTH) YES 1 NO 2 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Any other live births in interval between birth and previous reported birth (thirteenth-to-last-born child) 221. Were there any other live births between (NAME OF PREVIOUS BIRTH) and (NAME)? (IF MORE THAN ONE BIRTH) YES 1 NO 2 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Any other live births in interval between birth and previous reported birth (fourteenth-to-last-born child) 221. Were there any other live births between (NAME OF PREVIOUS BIRTH) and (NAME)? (IF MORE THAN ONE BIRTH) YES 1 NO 2 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Any other live births in interval between birth and previous reported birth (fifteenth-to-last-born child) 221. Were there any other live births between (NAME OF PREVIOUS BIRTH) and (NAME)? (IF MORE THAN ONE BIRTH) YES 1 NO 2 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Any other live births in interval between birth and previous reported birth (sixteenth-to-last-born child) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Any other live births in interval between birth and previous reported birth (seventeenth-to-last-born child) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Any other live births in interval between birth and previous reported birth (eighteenth-to-last-born child) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Any other live births in interval between birth and previous reported birth (nineteenth-to-last-born child) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Size of child at birth (subjective report) 422. When (NAME) was born, was he or she: very large, larger than average, average, smaller than average, or very small? VERY LARGE 1 LARGER THAN AVERAGE 2 AVERAGE 3 SMALLER THAN AVERAGE 4 VERY SMALL 5 DON'T KNOW 8 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, BIRTHSZ_ALL (M18_x) indicates the size of child at birth, reported subjectively. BIRTHSZ_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (BIRTHSZ_01) up to, potentially, the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., BIRTHSZ_02, BIRTHSZ_03, BIRTHSZ_04, BIRTHSZ_05, and BIRTHSZ_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If BIRTHSZ_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. This information was collected for all births within the reference period preceding the survey. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then BIRTHSZ_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 BIRTHSZ_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Size of child at birth (subjective report) (last birth) 422. When (NAME) was born, was he or she: very large, larger than average, average, smaller than average, or very small? VERY LARGE 1 LARGER THAN AVERAGE 2 AVERAGE 3 SMALLER THAN AVERAGE 4 VERY SMALL 5 DON'T KNOW 8 See BIRTHSZ_ALL. 10 Large 11 Very large 12 Larger than average 20 Average 30 Small 31 Smaller than average 32 Very small 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Size of child at birth (subjective report) (second to last birth) 422. When (NAME) was born, was he or she: very large, larger than average, average, smaller than average, or very small? VERY LARGE 1 LARGER THAN AVERAGE 2 AVERAGE 3 SMALLER THAN AVERAGE 4 VERY SMALL 5 DON'T KNOW 8 10 Large 11 Very large 12 Larger than average 20 Average 30 Small 31 Smaller than average 32 Very small 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Size of child at birth (subjective report) (third to last birth) 422. When (NAME) was born, was he or she: very large, larger than average, average, smaller than average, or very small? VERY LARGE 1 LARGER THAN AVERAGE 2 AVERAGE 3 SMALLER THAN AVERAGE 4 VERY SMALL 5 DON'T KNOW 8 10 Large 11 Very large 12 Larger than average 20 Average 30 Small 31 Smaller than average 32 Very small 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Size of child at birth (subjective report) (fourth to last birth) 422. When (NAME) was born, was he or she: very large, larger than average, average, smaller than average, or very small? VERY LARGE 1 LARGER THAN AVERAGE 2 AVERAGE 3 SMALLER THAN AVERAGE 4 VERY SMALL 5 DON'T KNOW 8 10 Large 11 Very large 12 Larger than average 20 Average 30 Small 31 Smaller than average 32 Very small 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Size of child at birth (subjective report) (fifth to last birth) 10 Large 11 Very large 12 Larger than average 20 Average 30 Small 31 Smaller than average 32 Very small 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Size of child at birth (subjective report) (sixth to last birth) 10 Large 11 Very large 12 Larger than average 20 Average 30 Small 31 Smaller than average 32 Very small 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Time wanted pregnancy 405. At the time you became pregnant with (NAME), did you want to become pregnant then, did you want to wait until later, did you not want to have any (more) children at all? FOR MOST RECENT BIRTH IN THE LAST FIVE YEARS: THEN 1 (GO TO 406A) LATER 2 NO OR NO MORE 3 (GO TO 406A) FOR PREVIOUS BIRTHS IN THE LAST FIVE YEARS: THEN 1 (GO TO 420) LATER 2 NO OR NO MORE 3 (GO TO 420) For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, CHDESIRE_ALL (M10_x) indicates whether the child was wanted at the time of pregnancy, was wanted but later, or was not wanted at all. CHDESIRE_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (CHDESIRE_01) up to, potentially, the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., CHDESIRE_02, CHDESIRE_03, CHDESIRE_04, CHDESIRE_05, and CHDESIRE_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If CHDESIRE_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. This information was collected for all births within the reference period preceding the survey. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then CHDESIRE_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 Then 2 Later 3 No more 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Time wanted pregnancy (last birth) 405. At the time you became pregnant with (NAME), did you want to become pregnant then, did you want to wait until later, did you not want to have any (more) children at all? FOR MOST RECENT BIRTH IN THE LAST FIVE YEARS: THEN 1 (GO TO 406A) LATER 2 NO OR NO MORE 3 (GO TO 406A) FOR PREVIOUS BIRTHS IN THE LAST FIVE YEARS: THEN 1 (GO TO 420) LATER 2 NO OR NO MORE 3 (GO TO 420) For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, CHDESIRE_01 (M10_1) indicates whether the last-born child was wanted at the time of pregnancy, was wanted but later, or was not wanted at all. 1 Then 2 Later 3 No more 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Time wanted pregnancy (second to last birth) 405. At the time you became pregnant with (NAME), did you want to become pregnant then, did you want to wait until later, did you not want to have any (more) children at all? FOR MOST RECENT BIRTH IN THE LAST FIVE YEARS: THEN 1 (GO TO 406A) LATER 2 NO OR NO MORE 3 (GO TO 406A) FOR PREVIOUS BIRTHS IN THE LAST FIVE YEARS: THEN 1 (GO TO 420) LATER 2 NO OR NO MORE 3 (GO TO 420) 1 Then 2 Later 3 No more 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Time wanted pregnancy (third to last birth) 405. At the time you became pregnant with (NAME), did you want to become pregnant then, did you want to wait until later, did you not want to have any (more) children at all? FOR MOST RECENT BIRTH IN THE LAST FIVE YEARS: THEN 1 (GO TO 406A) LATER 2 NO OR NO MORE 3 (GO TO 406A) FOR PREVIOUS BIRTHS IN THE LAST FIVE YEARS: THEN 1 (GO TO 420) LATER 2 NO OR NO MORE 3 (GO TO 420) 1 Then 2 Later 3 No more 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Time wanted pregnancy (fourth to last birth) 405. At the time you became pregnant with (NAME), did you want to become pregnant then, did you want to wait until later, did you not want to have any (more) children at all? FOR MOST RECENT BIRTH IN THE LAST FIVE YEARS: THEN 1 (GO TO 406A) LATER 2 NO OR NO MORE 3 (GO TO 406A) FOR PREVIOUS BIRTHS IN THE LAST FIVE YEARS: THEN 1 (GO TO 420) LATER 2 NO OR NO MORE 3 (GO TO 420) 1 Then 2 Later 3 No more 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Time wanted pregnancy (fifth to last birth) 1 Then 2 Later 3 No more 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Time wanted pregnancy (sixth to last birth) 1 Then 2 Later 3 No more 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Time wanted to wait before pregnancy 406. How much longer would you like to have waited? MONTHS 1 ___ YEARS 2 ___ DON'T KNOW 998 For women who gave birth in the three to five years before the survey and who wanted to become pregnant later, CHDESIREL_ALL (M11_x) reports the length of time they would have wanted to wait. Following DHS convention, intervals reported in weeks are coded with a "1" in the first digit, while intervals reported in years are coded with a "2" in the first digit. CHDESIREL_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (CHDESIREL_01) up to, potentially, the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., CHDESIREREL_02, CHDESIREL_03, CHDESIREREL_04, CHDESIREL_05, and CHDESIREL_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If CHDESIREL_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For nearly all samples, this information was collected for all births within the reference period preceding the survey. (See Comparability for information about exceptions.) In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then CHDESIREL_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 CHDESIREL_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Time wanted to wait before pregnancy (last birth) 406. How much longer would you like to have waited? MONTHS 1 ___ YEARS 2 ___ DON'T KNOW 998 See CHDESIREL_ALL. 100 MONTHS 101 1 month 102 2 months 103 3 104 4 105 5 106 6 107 7 108 8 109 9 110 10 111 11 112 12 113 13 114 14 115 15 116 16 117 17 118 18 119 19 120 20 121 21 122 22 123 23 124 24 125 25 126 26 127 27 128 28 129 29 130 30 131 31 132 32 133 33 134 34 135 35 136 36 137 37 138 38 139 39 140 40 141 41 142 42 143 43 144 44 145 45 146 46 147 47 148 48 149 49 150 50 151 51 152 52 153 53 154 54 155 55 156 56 157 57 158 58 159 59 160 60 161 61 162 62 163 63 164 64 165 65 166 66 167 67 168 68 169 69 170 70 171 71 172 72 173 73 174 74 175 75 176 76 177 77 178 78 179 79 180 80 181 81 182 82 183 83 184 84 185 85 186 86 187 87 188 88 189 89 190 90 191 91 192 92 193 93 194 94 195 95 196 96 197 97 198 98 199 Weeks, number missing 200 YEARS 201 1 year 202 2 years 203 3 204 4 205 5 206 6 207 7 208 8 209 9 210 10 211 11 212 12 213 13 214 14 215 15 216 16 217 17 218 18 219 19 220 20 221 21 222 22 223 23 224 24 225 25 226 26 227 27 228 28 229 29 230 30+ 299 Years, number missing 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Time wanted to wait before pregnancy (second to last birth) 406. How much longer would you like to have waited? MONTHS 1 ___ YEARS 2 ___ DON'T KNOW 998 100 MONTHS 101 1 month 102 2 months 103 3 104 4 105 5 106 6 107 7 108 8 109 9 110 10 111 11 112 12 113 13 114 14 115 15 116 16 117 17 118 18 119 19 120 20 121 21 122 22 123 23 124 24 125 25 126 26 127 27 128 28 129 29 130 30 131 31 132 32 133 33 134 34 135 35 136 36 137 37 138 38 139 39 140 40 141 41 142 42 143 43 144 44 145 45 146 46 147 47 148 48 149 49 150 50 151 51 152 52 153 53 154 54 155 55 156 56 157 57 158 58 159 59 160 60 161 61 162 62 163 63 164 64 165 65 166 66 167 67 168 68 169 69 170 70 171 71 172 72 173 73 174 74 175 75 176 76 177 77 178 78 179 79 180 80 181 81 182 82 183 83 184 84 185 85 186 86 187 87 188 88 189 89 190 90 191 91 192 92 193 93 194 94 195 95 196 96 197 97 198 98 199 Months, number missing 200 YEARS 201 1 year 202 2 years 203 3 204 4 205 5 206 6 207 7 208 8 209 9 210 10 211 11 212 12 213 13 214 14 215 15 216 16 217 17 218 18 219 19 220 20 221 21 222 22 223 23 224 24 225 25 226 26 227 27 228 28 229 29 230 30+ 299 Years, number missing 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Time wanted to wait before pregnancy (third to last birth) 406. How much longer would you like to have waited? MONTHS 1 ___ YEARS 2 ___ DON'T KNOW 998 100 MONTHS 101 1 month 102 2 months 103 3 104 4 105 5 106 6 107 7 108 8 109 9 110 10 111 11 112 12 113 13 114 14 115 15 116 16 117 17 118 18 119 19 120 20 121 21 122 22 123 23 124 24 125 25 126 26 127 27 128 28 129 29 130 30 131 31 132 32 133 33 134 34 135 35 136 36 137 37 138 38 139 39 140 40 141 41 142 42 143 43 144 44 145 45 146 46 147 47 148 48 149 49 150 50 151 51 152 52 153 53 154 54 155 55 156 56 157 57 158 58 159 59 160 60 161 61 162 62 163 63 164 64 165 65 166 66 167 67 168 68 169 69 170 70 171 71 172 72 173 73 174 74 175 75 176 76 177 77 178 78 179 79 180 80 181 81 182 82 183 83 184 84 185 85 186 86 187 87 188 88 189 89 190 90 191 91 192 92 193 93 194 94 195 95 196 96 197 97 198 98 199 Weeks, number missing 200 YEARS 201 1 year 202 2 years 203 3 204 4 205 5 206 6 207 7 208 8 209 9 210 10 211 11 212 12 213 13 214 14 215 15 216 16 217 17 218 18 219 19 220 20 221 21 222 22 223 23 224 24 225 25 226 26 227 27 228 28 229 29 230 30+ 299 Years, number missing 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Time wanted to wait before pregnancy (fourth to last birth) 100 MONTHS 101 1 month 102 2 months 103 3 104 4 105 5 106 6 107 7 108 8 109 9 110 10 111 11 112 12 113 13 114 14 115 15 116 16 117 17 118 18 119 19 120 20 121 21 122 22 123 23 124 24 125 25 126 26 127 27 128 28 129 29 130 30 131 31 132 32 133 33 134 34 135 35 136 36 137 37 138 38 139 39 140 40 141 41 142 42 143 43 144 44 145 45 146 46 147 47 148 48 149 49 150 50 151 51 152 52 153 53 154 54 155 55 156 56 157 57 158 58 159 59 160 60 161 61 162 62 163 63 164 64 165 65 166 66 167 67 168 68 169 69 170 70 171 71 172 72 173 73 174 74 175 75 176 76 177 77 178 78 179 79 180 80 181 81 182 82 183 83 184 84 185 85 186 86 187 87 188 88 189 89 190 90 191 91 192 92 193 93 194 94 195 95 196 96 197 97 198 98 199 Weeks, number missing 200 YEARS 201 1 year 202 2 years 203 3 204 4 205 5 206 6 207 7 208 8 209 9 210 10 211 11 212 12 213 13 214 14 215 15 216 16 217 17 218 18 219 19 220 20 221 21 222 22 223 23 224 24 225 25 226 26 227 27 228 28 229 29 230 30+ 299 Years, number missing 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Time wanted to wait before pregnancy (fifth to last birth) 100 MONTHS 101 1 month 102 2 months 103 3 104 4 105 5 106 6 107 7 108 8 109 9 110 10 111 11 112 12 113 13 114 14 115 15 116 16 117 17 118 18 119 19 120 20 121 21 122 22 123 23 124 24 125 25 126 26 127 27 128 28 129 29 130 30 131 31 132 32 133 33 134 34 135 35 136 36 137 37 138 38 139 39 140 40 141 41 142 42 143 43 144 44 145 45 146 46 147 47 148 48 149 49 150 50 151 51 152 52 153 53 154 54 155 55 156 56 157 57 158 58 159 59 160 60 161 61 162 62 163 63 164 64 165 65 166 66 167 67 168 68 169 69 170 70 171 71 172 72 173 73 174 74 175 75 176 76 177 77 178 78 179 79 180 80 181 81 182 82 183 83 184 84 185 85 186 86 187 87 188 88 189 89 190 90 191 91 192 92 193 93 194 94 195 95 196 96 197 97 198 98 199 Weeks, number missing 200 YEARS 201 1 year 202 2 years 203 3 204 4 205 5 206 6 207 7 208 8 209 9 210 10 211 11 212 12 213 13 214 14 215 15 216 16 217 17 218 18 219 19 220 20 221 21 222 22 223 23 224 24 225 25 226 26 227 27 228 28 229 29 230 30+ 299 Years, number missing 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Time wanted to wait before pregnancy (sixth to last birth) 100 MONTHS 101 1 month 102 2 months 103 3 104 4 105 5 106 6 107 7 108 8 109 9 110 10 111 11 112 12 113 13 114 14 115 15 116 16 117 17 118 18 119 19 120 20 121 21 122 22 123 23 124 24 125 25 126 26 127 27 128 28 129 29 130 30 131 31 132 32 133 33 134 34 135 35 136 36 137 37 138 38 139 39 140 40 141 41 142 42 143 43 144 44 145 45 146 46 147 47 148 48 149 49 150 50 151 51 152 52 153 53 154 54 155 55 156 56 157 57 158 58 159 59 160 60 161 61 162 62 163 63 164 64 165 65 166 66 167 67 168 68 169 69 170 70 171 71 172 72 173 73 174 74 175 75 176 76 177 77 178 78 179 79 180 80 181 81 182 82 183 83 184 84 185 85 186 86 187 87 188 88 189 89 190 90 191 91 192 92 193 93 194 94 195 95 196 96 197 97 198 98 199 Weeks, number missing 200 YEARS 201 1 year 202 2 years 203 3 204 4 205 5 206 6 207 7 208 8 209 9 210 10 211 11 212 12 213 13 214 14 215 15 216 16 217 17 218 18 219 19 220 20 221 21 222 22 223 23 224 24 225 25 226 26 227 27 228 28 229 29 230 30+ 299 Years, number missing 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Duration of postpartum amenorrhea in months 435. For how many months after the birth of (NAME) did you not have your period? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW 98 PPAMHMO_ALL reports the duration, in months, of postpartum amenorrhea after the birth of the child, for women who gave birth in the last three to five years. Women whose period had not returned at the time of interview were excluded from PPAMHMO_ALL, but women who were still amenorrheic were included in calculations for the similar variable PPAMHMOC_ALL. The maximum period allowed during the data editing (by the survey administrators) was the interval between the date of birth of the child and the date of conception of the following child (with birth date minus nine months used for the date of conception) or the date of interview if there was no following birth. PPAMHMO_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (PPAMHMO_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., PPAMHMO_02, PPAMHMO_03, PPAMHMO_04, PPAMHMO_05, and PPAMHMO_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If PPAMHMO_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then PPAMHMO_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 PPAMHMO_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Duration of postpartum amenorrhea in months (last births) 435. For how many months after the birth of (NAME) did you not have your period? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW 98 PPAMHMO_01 reports the duration, in months, of postpartum amenorrhea after the birth of the child (for the last birth), for women who gave birth in the last three to five years. Women whose period had not returned at the time of interview were excluded from PPAMHMO_01, but women who were still amenorrheic were included in calculations for the similar variable PPAMHMOC_01. The maximum period allowed during the data editing (by the survey administrators) was the interval between the date of birth of the child and the date of conception of the following child (with birth date minus nine months used for the date of conception) or the date of interview if there was no following birth. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 Period not returned 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Duration of postpartum amenorrhea in months (second to last birth) 435. For how many months after the birth of (NAME) did you not have your period? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW 98 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 Period not returned 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Duration of postpartum amenorrhea in months (third to last birth) 435. For how many months after the birth of (NAME) did you not have your period? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW 98 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 Period not returned 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Duration of postpartum amenorrhea in months (fourth to last birth) 435. For how many months after the birth of (NAME) did you not have your period? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW 98 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 Period not returned 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Duration of postpartum amenorrhea in months (fifth to last birth) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 Period not returned 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Duration of postpartum amenorrhea in months (sixth to last birth) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 Period not returned 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Months of postpartum amenorrhea (including women still amenorrheic) 435. For how many months after the birth of (NAME) did you not have your period? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW 98 PPAMHMOC_ALL (M9_x) reports the duration, in months, of postpartum amenorrhea after the birth of the child, for women who gave birth in the last three to five years. Women whose period had not returned before the following birth or prior to the interview were included in PPAMHMOC_ALL. By contrast, only women whose menses had resumed were included in the similar variable PPAMHMO_ALL. PPAMHMOC_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (PPAMHMOC_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., PPAMHMOC_02, PPAMHMOC_03, PPAMHMOC_04, PPAMHMOC_05, and PPAMHMOC_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If PPAMHMOC_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. The maximum period allowed during the data editing (by the survey administrators) was the interval between the date of birth of the child and the date of conception of the following child (with birth date minus nine months used for the date of conception) or the date of interview if there was no following birth. For DHS Phase II forward, inconsistent durations based on the original reporting of the duration of amenorrhea were recoded to "Inconsistent" (96 in IPUMS-DHS). In cases where the duration was one month longer than the interval, the duration was shortened by one month, consistent with Phase I. For Model "A" countries in Phase II only, if the duration of postpartum amenorrhea extended into the following pregnancy in the calendar, the duration was shortened to the start of the following pregnancy. 1 PPAMHMOC_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Months of postpartum amenorrhea (including women still amenorrheic) (last birth) 435. For how many months after the birth of (NAME) did you not have your period? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW 98 PPAMHMOC_01 (M9_1) reports the duration, in months, of postpartum amenorrhea after the birth of the child (for the last birth), for women who gave birth in the last three to five years. Women whose period had not returned before the following birth or prior to the interview were included in PPAMHMOC_01. By contrast, only women whose menses had resumed were included in the similar variable PPAMHMO_01. The maximum period allowed during the data editing (by the survey administrators) was the interval between the date of birth of the child and the date of conception of the following child (with birth date minus nine months used for the date of conception) or the date of interview if there was no following birth. For DHS Phase II forward, inconsistent durations based on the original reporting of the duration of amenorrhea were recoded to "Inconsistent" (96 in IPUMS-DHS). In cases where the duration was one month longer than the interval, the duration was shortened by one month, consistent with Phase I. For Model "A" countries in Phase II only, if the duration of postpartum amenorrhea extended into the following pregnancy in the calendar, the duration was shortened to the start of the following pregnancy. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Months of postpartum amenorrhea (including women still amenorrheic) (second to last birth) 435. For how many months after the birth of (NAME) did you not have your period? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW 98 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Months of postpartum amenorrhea (including women still amenorrheic) (third to last birth) 435. For how many months after the birth of (NAME) did you not have your period? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW 98 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Months of postpartum amenorrhea (including women still amenorrheic) (fourth to last birth) 435. For how many months after the birth of (NAME) did you not have your period? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW 98 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Months of postpartum amenorrhea (including women still amenorrheic) (fifth to last birth) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Months of postpartum amenorrhea (including women still amenorrheic) (sixth to last birth) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flag variable for postpartum amenorrhea PPAMFLAG_ALL (M28_x) reports the type of problem, if any, found in editing data on the duration of postpartum amenorrhea, for women who gave birth in the last three to five years. Cases with no known problem are coded 0. PPAMFLAG_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (PPAMFLAG_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., PPAMFLAG_02, PPAMFLAG_03, PPAMFLAG_04, PPAMFLAG_05, and PPAMFLAG_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If PPAMFLAG_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then PPAMFLAG_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. For discussion of the editing rules implemented (by the survey administrators) for data on postpartum amenorrhea, see PPAMHMO_ALL and PPAMHMOC_ALL, 1 PPAMFLAG_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flag variable for postpartum amenorrhea (last birth) PPAMFLAG_01 (M28_1) reports the type of problem, if any, found in editing data on the duration of postpartum amenorrhea (for the last birth), for women who gave birth in the last three to five years. Cases with no known problem are coded 0. For discussion of the editing rules implemented (by the survey administrators) for data on postpartum amenorrhea, see PPAMHMO_01 and PPAMHMOC_01, 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and succeeding birth 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 4 During pregnancy in calendar 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flag variable for postpartum amenorrhea (second to last birth) 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and succeeding birth 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 4 During pregnancy in calendar 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flag variable for postpartum amenorrhea (third to last birth) 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and succeeding birth 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 4 During pregnancy in calendar 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flag variable for postpartum amenorrhea (fourth to last birth) 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and succeeding birth 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 4 During pregnancy in calendar 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flag variable for postpartum amenorrhea (fifth to last birth) 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and succeeding birth 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 4 During pregnancy in calendar 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flag variable for postpartum amenorrhea (sixth to last birth) 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and succeeding birth 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 4 During pregnancy in calendar 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Duration of postpartum abstinence (in months) 438. For how many months after the birth of (NAME) did you not have sexual relations? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW 98 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, PPABMO_ALL (M8_x) indicates the duration, in months, of postpartum abstinence. Women who were still abstaining at the time of interview were excluded from PPABMO_ALL, but they are included in the similar variable PPABMOC_ALL. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the maximum period allowed during the data editing was the interval between the date of birth of the child and the date of conception of the following child (with date of birth minus nine months used for the date of conception) or until the date of interview if there was no following birth. Cases exceeding this duration were left with the original response, but are coded with one of the flag codes on PPABFLAG_ALL and are coded as "Inconsistent" on PPABMOC_ALL. PPABMO_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (PPABMO_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., PPABMO_02, PPABMO_03, PPABMO_04, PPABMO_05, and PPABMO_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If PPABMO_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then PPABMO_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 PPABMO_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Duration of postpartum abstinence (in months) (last birth) 438. For how many months after the birth of (NAME) did you not have sexual relations? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW 98 See PPABMO_ALL. 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 40 days 95 Still abstaining 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Duration of postpartum abstinence (in months) (second to last birth) 438. For how many months after the birth of (NAME) did you not have sexual relations? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW 98 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 40 days 95 Still abstaining 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Duration of postpartum abstinence (in months) (third to last birth) 438. For how many months after the birth of (NAME) did you not have sexual relations? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW 98 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 40 days 95 Still abstaining 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Duration of postpartum abstinence (in months) (fourth to last birth) 438. For how many months after the birth of (NAME) did you not have sexual relations? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW 98 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 40 days 95 Still abstaining 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Duration of postpartum abstinence (in months) (fifth to last birth) 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 40 days 95 Still abstaining 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Duration of postpartum abstinence (in months) (sixth to last birth) 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 40 days 95 Still abstaining 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Months of postpartum abstinence (including women still abstaining) 438. For how many months after the birth of (NAME) did you not have sexual relations? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW 98 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, PPABMOC_ALL (M9_x) reports their calculated months of postpartum abstinence, including the duration for women who were still abstaining at the time of the interview. The similar variable PPABMO_ALL also reports the calculated months of postpartum abstinence but excludes women who were still abstaining when interviewed. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the maximum period allowed during the data editing was the interval between the date of birth of the child and the date of conception of the following child (with date of birth minus nine months used for the date of conception) or until the date of interview if there was no following birth. Cases exceeding this duration are coded with one of the flag codes on PPABFLAG_ALL and are coded as "Inconsistent" in PPABMOC_ALL. PPABMOC_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (PPABMOC_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., PPABMOC_02, PPABMOC_03, PPABMOC_04, PPABMOC_05, and PPABMOC_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If PPABMOC_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then PPABMOC_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 PPABMOC_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Months of postpartum abstinence (including women still abstaining) (last birth) 438. For how many months after the birth of (NAME) did you not have sexual relations? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW 98 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, PPABMOC_01 (M9_1) reports their calculated months of postpartum abstinence (after the last birth), including the duration for women who were still abstaining at the time of the interview. The similar variable PPABMO_01 also reports the calculated months of postpartum abstinence but excludes women who were still abstaining when interviewed. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the maximum period allowed during the data editing was the interval between the date of birth of the child and the date of conception of the following child (with date of birth minus nine months used for the date of conception) or until the date of interview if there was no following birth. Cases exceeding this duration are coded with one of the flag codes on PPABFLAG_01 and are coded as "Inconsistent" in PPABMOC_01. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Months of postpartum abstinence (including women still abstaining) (second to last birth) 438. For how many months after the birth of (NAME) did you not have sexual relations? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW 98 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Months of postpartum abstinence (including women still abstaining) (third to last birth) 438. For how many months after the birth of (NAME) did you not have sexual relations? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW 98 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Months of postpartum abstinence (including women still abstaining) (fourth to last birth) 438. For how many months after the birth of (NAME) did you not have sexual relations? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW 98 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Months of postpartum abstinence (including women still abstaining) (fifth to last birth) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Months of postpartum abstinence (including women still abstaining) (sixth to last birth) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flag variable for postpartum abstinence PPABFLAG_ALL (M29_x) is a flag variable reporting the type of problem found when editing responses about the duration of postpartum abstinence (in PPABMO_ALL), for women who had resumed sexual relations after a birth in the past three to five years. A code of 0 indicates no problem with the original response. PPABFLAG_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (PPABFLAG_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., PPABFLAG_02, PPABFLAG_03, PPABFLAG_04, PPABFLAG_05, and PPABFLAG_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If PPAMFLAG_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then PPABFLAG_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 PPABFLAG_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flag variable for postpartum abstinence (last birth) PPABFLAG_01 (M29_1) is a flag variable reporting the type of problem found when editing responses about the duration of postpartum abstinence (in PPABMO_01), for women who had resumed sexual relations after their last birth in the past three to five years. A code of 0 indicates no problem with the original response. 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and succeeding birth 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 4 During pregnancy in calendar 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flag variable for postpartum abstinence (second to last birth) 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and succeeding birth 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 4 During pregnancy in calendar 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flag variable for postpartum abstinence (third to last birth) 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and succeeding birth 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 4 During pregnancy in calendar 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flag variable for postpartum abstinence (fourth to last birth) 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and succeeding birth 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 4 During pregnancy in calendar 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flag variable for postpartum abstinence (fifth to last birth) 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and succeeding birth 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 4 During pregnancy in calendar 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flag variable for postpartum abstinence (sixth to last birth) 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and succeeding birth 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 4 During pregnancy in calendar 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Number of children in maternity history MATERNITYIDX (V417) reports the number of entries in the pregnancy and postnatal care history for a female respondent. This number is typically equal to the number of births in the three (BIRTHSTOT3YR (V238)) or five (BIRTHSIN5YRS (V208) years before the survey. While there is, theoretically, no limit to the number of births recorded in BIRTHSTOT3YR and BIRTHSIN5YRS, MATERNITYIDX is actually limited to the number of columns that can be completed on the survey form. In most cases, MATERNITYIDX is capped at six. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Number of children in immunization/health history HEALTHIDX (V418) reports the number of entries (number of children) in the health or immunization history. This number is typically equal to the number of births in the three (BIRTHSTOT3YR (V238)) or five (BIRTHSIN5YRS (V208) years before the survey. While there is, theoretically, no limit to the number of births recorded in BIRTHSTOT3YR and BIRTHSIN5YRS, HEALTHIDX is actually limited to the number of columns that can be completed on the survey form. In most cases, HEALTHIDX is capped at six. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Number of children in height and weight table BIOIDX (V419) reports the number of entries (number of children) in the height and weight table. This number is typically equal to the number of births in the three (BIRTHSTOT3YR (V238)) or five (BIRTHSIN5YRS (V208) years before the survey. While there is, theoretically, no limit to the number of births recorded in BIRTHSTOT3YR and BIRTHSIN5YRS, BIOIDX is actually limited to the number of columns on the survey form that can be completed. In most cases, BIOIDX is capped at six. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Times mother breastfed child during previous night 445. How many times did you breastfeed last night between sunset and sunrise? IF ANSWER IS NOT NUMERIC, PROBE FOR APPROXIMATE NUMBER. NUMBER OF NIGHTTIME FEEDINGS ___ For women who gave birth in the last three to five years and whose child is still breastfeeding, BRSFEDNITE_ALL (M35_x) reports how many times the mother breastfed the child the previous night between sunset and sunrise. BRSFEDNITE_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (BRSFEDNITE_01) up to, potentially, the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., BRSFEDNITE_02, BRSFEDNITE_03, BRSFEDNITE_04, BRSFEDNITE_05, and BRSFEDNITE_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If BRSFEDNITE_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. The information in BRSFEDNITE_ALL was collected for all births within the reference period preceding the survey. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then BRSFEDNITE_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. Many surveys, specified in the Comparability section, collected this information for the last-born child only (BRSFEDNITE_01). 1 BRSFEDNITE_ALL available Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Times mother breastfed child during previous night (last birth) 445. How many times did you breastfeed last night between sunset and sunrise? IF ANSWER IS NOT NUMERIC, PROBE FOR APPROXIMATE NUMBER. NUMBER OF NIGHTTIME FEEDINGS ___ For women who gave birth in the last three to five years and whose last-born child is still breastfeeding, BRSFEDNITE_01 (M35_1) reports how many times the mother breastfed the child the previous night between sunset and sunrise (for the last birth). 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 96 On demand 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Times mother breastfed child during previous night (second to last birth) 445. How many times did you breastfeed last night between sunset and sunrise? IF ANSWER IS NOT NUMERIC, PROBE FOR APPROXIMATE NUMBER. NUMBER OF NIGHTTIME FEEDINGS ___ 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 96 On demand 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Times mother breastfed child during previous night (third to last birth) 445. How many times did you breastfeed last night between sunset and sunrise? IF ANSWER IS NOT NUMERIC, PROBE FOR APPROXIMATE NUMBER. NUMBER OF NIGHTTIME FEEDINGS ___ 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 96 On demand 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Times mother breastfed child during previous night (fourth to last birth) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 96 On demand 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Times mother breastfed child during previous day 446. How many times did you breastfeed yesterday during the daylight hours? IF ANSWER IS NOT NUMERIC, PROBE FOR APPROXIMATE NUMBER. NUMBER OF DAYTIME FEEDINGS ____ For women who gave birth in the last three to five years and whose young child is still breastfeeding, BRSFEDAY_ALL (M36_x) reports how many times she breastfed the child the previous day during daylight hours. BRSFEDAY_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (BRSFEDAY_01) up to, potentially, the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., BRSFEDAY_02, BRSFEDAY_03, BRSFEDAY_04, BRSFEDAY_05, and BRSFEDAY_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If BRSFEDAY_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. The information in BRSFEDAY_ALL was collected for all births within the reference period preceding the survey. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then BRSFEDAY_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. Many surveys, specified in the Comparison section, collected this information for only the last-born child (BRSFEDAY_01). 1 BRSFEDAY_ALL available Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Times mother breastfed child during previous day (last birth) 446. How many times did you breastfeed yesterday during the daylight hours? IF ANSWER IS NOT NUMERIC, PROBE FOR APPROXIMATE NUMBER. NUMBER OF DAYTIME FEEDINGS ____ See BRSFEDAY_ALL. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 95 On demand, non-numeric response 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Times mother breastfed child during previous day (second to last birth) 446. How many times did you breastfeed yesterday during the daylight hours? IF ANSWER IS NOT NUMERIC, PROBE FOR APPROXIMATE NUMBER. NUMBER OF DAYTIME FEEDINGS ____ 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 95 On demand, non-numeric response 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Times mother breastfed child during previous day (third to last birth) 446. How many times did you breastfeed yesterday during the daylight hours? IF ANSWER IS NOT NUMERIC, PROBE FOR APPROXIMATE NUMBER. NUMBER OF DAYTIME FEEDINGS ____ 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 95 On demand, non-numeric response 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Times mother breastfed child during previous day (fourth to last birth) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 95 On demand, non-numeric response 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Times mother breastfed last child during previous night 445. How many times did you breastfeed last night between sunset and sunrise? IF ANSWER IS NOT NUMERIC, PROBE FOR APPROXIMATE NUMBER. NUMBER OF NIGHTTIME FEEDINGS ___ For women who gave birth in the last three to five years and whose last-born child is still breastfeeding, BFEEDNITE (V407) reports how many times the mother breastfed that child the previous night between sunset and sunrise. When women are the unit of analysis, IPUMS-DHS users may also use BRSFEDNITE_01 (M35_01), which reports how many times the woman breastfed her last-born child the previous night. When children are the unit of analysis, BFEEDNITE describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all young children of the mother to be coded the same way. Thus, a response of a certain number of times in BFEEDNITE does not necessarily indicate that a particular child whose record is being analyzed was breastfed that many times during the previous night. IPUMS-DHS users should instead employ, when available, the variable BRSFEDNITE (M35) to determine how many times the specific child under analysis was breastfed during the previous night. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40+ 96 On demand 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Times mother breastfed last child during previous day 446. How many times did you breastfeed yesterday during the daylight hours? IF ANSWER IS NOT NUMERIC, PROBE FOR APPROXIMATE NUMBER. NUMBER OF DAYTIME FEEDINGS ____ For women who gave birth in the last three to five years and whose last-born child is still breastfeeding, BFEEDAY (V408) reports how many times the mother breastfed that child the previous day during daylight hours. When women are the unit of analysis, IPUMS-DHS users may also use BRSFEDAY_01 (M36_01), which reports how many times the woman breastfed her last-born child the previous day during daylight hours. When children are the unit of analysis, BFEEDAY describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all young children of the mother to be coded the same way. Thus, a response of a certain number of times in BFEEDAY does not necessarily indicate that a child whose record is being analyzed was personally breastfed that many times during the previous day. IPUMS-DHS users should instead employ, when available, the variable BRSFEDAY (M36) to determine how many times the specific child under analysis was breastfed during the previous day. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40+ 95 On demand, non-numeric response 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Drank from bottle with nipple in last day or night 447. Did (NAME) drink anything from a bottle with a nipple yesterday or last night? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years and whose young child was still alive, BRSFEDBOT_ALL (M38_x) indicates whether the child drank anything from a bottle with a nipple during the previous day and night. BRSFEDBOT_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (BRSFEDBOT_01) up to, potentially, the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., BRSFEDBOT_02, BRSFEDBOT_03, BRSFEDBOT_04, BRSFEDBOT_05, and BRSFEDBOT_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If BRSFEDBOT_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. The information in BRSFEDBOT_ALL was collected for all births within the reference period preceding the survey. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then BRSFEDBOT_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. Some surveys, specified in the Comparison section, collected this information for only the last-born child (BRSFEDBOT_01). 1 BRSFEDBOT_ALL available Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Drank from bottle with nipple in last day or night (last birth) 447. Did (NAME) drink anything from a bottle with a nipple yesterday or last night? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years and whose last birth was still alive, BRSFEDBOT_01 (M38_01) indicates whether the last-born child drank anything from a bottle with a nipple during the previous day and night. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Drank from bottle with nipple in last day or night (second to last birth) 447. Did (NAME) drink anything from a bottle with a nipple yesterday or last night? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Drank from bottle with nipple in last day or night (third to last birth) 447. Did (NAME) drink anything from a bottle with a nipple yesterday or last night? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Drank from bottle with nipple in last day or night (fourth to last birth) 447. Did (NAME) drink anything from a bottle with a nipple yesterday or last night? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Drank from bottle with nipple in last day or night (fifth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Drank from bottle with nipple in last day or night (sixth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Mother fed last-born child from bottle with nipple in last day or night 447. Did (NAME) drink anything from a bottle with a nipple yesterday or last night? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years and whose last-born child is still alive, BOTTLE24H (V415) indicates whether the last-born child drank anything from a bottle with a nipple during the previous day and night. When women are the unit of analysis, IPUMS-DHS users may also use BRSFEDBOT_01 (M38_01), which also indicates whether the woman gave her last-born child anything from a bottle with a nipple during the previous day and night. When children are the unit of analysis, BOTTLE24H describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all young children of the mother to be coded the same way. If the mother reported that she fed her last-born child with a bottle with a nipple during the previous day or night, all of her children in the data are coded as "yes," including any children who have died or who live elsewhere. When children are the unit of analysis, a positive response in BOTTLE24H thus does not necessarily indicate that a particular child was actually fed with a bottle with a nipple during the previous day or night. IPUMS-DHS users should instead employ, when available, the variable BRSFEDBOT (M38) to determine whether the specific child in question actually drank anything from a bottle with a nipple during the previous day and night. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Woman currently breastfeeding any child 442. Are you still breastfeeding (NAME)? YES 1 (GO TO 445) NO 2 BFEEDANYNOW (V404) indicates whether the woman is currently breastfeeding. If no child was born in the last three to five years, the respondent is assumed to not be breastfeeding. When children or births are the unit of analysis, this variable describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all children of the mother to be coded the same way. This variable has some variation in how current breastfeeding is determined. See Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Duration of breastfeeding in months (including still breastfed) 443. For how many months did you breastfeed (NAME)? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW 98 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, BRSFEDMO_ALL (M5_x) reports the calculated months of breastfeeding for a birth, including cases where 1) the woman was still breastfeeding at the time of the interview or 2) the child had been breastfed until its death. Cases in these two categories were excluded from the related variable BRSFEDUR_ALL on the duration of breastfeeding. For DHS Phase II forward, inconsistent durations based on the original report of the duration of breastfeeding were coded as "Inconsistent." In cases where the reported duration was one month longer than the relevant interval, duration was shortened by one month. If the duration of breastfeeding exceeded the child's age at death, the duration of breastfeeding was changed to the age at death. BRSFEDMO_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (BRSFEDMO_01) up to, potentially, the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., BRSFEDMO_02, BRSFEDMO_03, BRSFEDMO_04, BRSFEDMO_05, and BRSFEDMO_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If BRSFEDMO_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. The information in BRSFEDMO_ALL was collected for all births within the reference period preceding the survey. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then BRSFEDMO_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 BRSFEDMO_ALL available Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Duration of breastfeeding in months (including still breastfed) (last birth) 443. For how many months did you breastfeed (NAME)? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW 98 See BRSFEDMO_ALL. 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60(+) 92 Ever breastfed, not currently breastfeeding 93 Missing: Not asked (child died) 94 Never breastfed 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Duration of breastfeeding in months (including still breastfed) (second to last birth) 443. For how many months did you breastfeed (NAME)? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW 98 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 92 Ever breastfed, not currently breastfeeding 93 Missing: Not asked (child died) 94 Never breastfed 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Duration of breastfeeding in months (including still breastfed) (third to last birth) 443. For how many months did you breastfeed (NAME)? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW 98 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 92 Ever breastfed, not currently breastfeeding 93 Missing: Not asked (child died) 94 Never breastfed 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Duration of breastfeeding in months (including still breastfed) (fourth to last birth) 443. For how many months did you breastfeed (NAME)? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW 98 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 92 Ever breastfed, not currently breastfeeding 93 Missing: Not asked (child died) 94 Never breastfed 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Duration of breastfeeding in months (including still breastfed) (fifth to last birth) 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 92 Ever breastfed, not currently breastfeeding 93 Missing: Not asked (child died) 94 Never breastfed 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Duration of breastfeeding in months (including still breastfed) (sixth to last birth) 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 92 Ever breastfed, not currently breastfeeding 93 Missing: Not asked (child died) 94 Never breastfed 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Duration of breastfeeding in months 443. For how many months did you breastfeed (NAME)? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW 98 BRSFEDUR_ALL (M4_x) reports the calculated months of breastfeeding, for women who gave birth in the last three to five years and were no longer breastfeeding the child. BRSFEDUR_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (BRSFEDUR_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., BRSFEDUR_02, BRSFEDUR_03, BRSFEDUR_04, BRSFEDUR_05, and BRSFEDUR_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If BRSFEDUR_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then BRSFEDUR_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. The related variable BRSFEDMO_ALL differs by including women who were still breastfeeding at the time of the interview. The variable BRSFEDCAT_ALL provides categorical information about breastfeeding, reporting whether the woman ever breastfed, and, if so, whether she is still breastfeeding. The maximum period allowed for BRSFEDUR_ALL during the data editing (by survey administrators) was the interval between the date of birth of the child and the date of interview. For Phase I, cases that exceeded the allowed maximum period were set to "Inconsistent." For Phase II forward, inconsistent durations were left in place, but such cases were flagged in BRSFDFLAG_ALL and were set to "Inconsistent" in BRSFEDMO_ALL. In Phase II only, for Model "A" countries, the "breastfed until died" category was not used. 1 BRSFEDUR_ALL available Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Duration of breastfeeding in months (last birth) 443. For how many months did you breastfeed (NAME)? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW 98 See BRSFEDUR_ALL. 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 Breastfed until died 92 Ever breastfed, not currently breastfeeding 93 Not asked (child died) 94 Never breastfed 95 Still breastfeeding 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Duration of breastfeeding in months (second to last birth) 443. For how many months did you breastfeed (NAME)? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW 98 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 Breastfed until died 92 Ever breastfed, not currently breastfeeding 93 Not asked (child died) 94 Never breastfed 95 Still breastfeeding 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Duration of breastfeeding in months (third to last birth) 443. For how many months did you breastfeed (NAME)? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW 98 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 Breastfed until died 92 Ever breastfed, not currently breastfeeding 93 Not asked (child died) 94 Never breastfed 95 Still breastfeeding 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Duration of breastfeeding in months (fourth to last birth) 443. For how many months did you breastfeed (NAME)? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW 98 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 Breastfed until died 92 Ever breastfed, not currently breastfeeding 93 Not asked (child died) 94 Never breastfed 95 Still breastfeeding 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Duration of breastfeeding in months (fifth to last birth) 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 Breastfed until died 92 Ever breastfed, not currently breastfeeding 93 Not asked (child died) 94 Never breastfed 95 Still breastfeeding 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Duration of breastfeeding in months (sixth to last birth) 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 Breastfed until died 92 Ever breastfed, not currently breastfeeding 93 Not asked (child died) 94 Never breastfed 95 Still breastfeeding 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Flag for breastfeeding, problem with duration For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, BRSFDFLAG_ALL (M27_x) is a flag variable that indicates the type of problem, if any, found in editing the duration of breastfeeding. Cases without a problem are coded 0. BRSFDFLAG_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (BRSFDFLAG_01) up to, potentially, the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., BRSFDFLAG_02, BRSFDFLAG_03, BRSFDFLAG_04, BRSFDFLAG_05, and BRSFDFLAG_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If BRSFDFLAG_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. The information in BRSFDFLAG_ALL was collected for all births within the reference period preceding the survey. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then BRSFDFLAG_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. For duration of breastfeeding, see BRSFEDUR_ALL (M4_x). 1 BRSFDFLAG_ALL available Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Flag for breastfeeding, problem with duration (last birth) For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, BRSFDFLAG_01 (M27_01) is a flag variable that indicates the type of problem, if any, found in editing the duration of breastfeeding. Cases without a problem are coded 0. For duration of breastfeeding, see BRSFEDUR_01 (M4_01). 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 3 Greater than interval between birth and age at death 4 During pregnancy in calendar 9 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Flag for breastfeeding, problem with duration (second to last birth) 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 3 Greater than interval between birth and age at death 4 During pregnancy in calendar 9 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Flag for breastfeeding, problem with duration (third to last birth) 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 3 Greater than interval between birth and age at death 4 During pregnancy in calendar 9 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Flag for breastfeeding, problem with duration (fourth to last birth) 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 3 Greater than interval between birth and age at death 4 During pregnancy in calendar 9 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Flag for breastfeeding, problem with duration (fifth to last birth) 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 3 Greater than interval between birth and age at death 4 During pregnancy in calendar 9 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Flag for breastfeeding, problem with duration (sixth to last birth) 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 3 Greater than interval between birth and age at death 4 During pregnancy in calendar 9 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Time from birth until child first breastfed 440. How long after birth did you first put (NAME) to the breast? IF LESS THAN 1 HOUR, RECORD "00" HOURS. IF LESS THAN 24 HOURS, RECORD HOURS. OTHERWISE, RECORD DAYS. IMMEDIATELY 000 HOURS 1 ___ DAYS 2 ___ For women who gave birth in the three to five years preceding the survey and who ever breastfed the infant, BRSFEDST_ALL (M34_x) reports the length of time between the birth and when the woman first breastfed her child. Following DHS convention, intervals reported in hours are coded with a "1" in the first digit, and intervals reported in days are coded with a "2" in the first digit. BRSFEDST_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (BRSFEDST_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., BRSFEDST_02, BRSFEDST_03, BRSFEDST_04, BRSFEDST_05, and BRSFEDST_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If BRSFEDST_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then BRSFEDST_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. Many surveys, noted in the Comparability section, collected this information for the last-born child only. 1 BRSFEDST_ALL available Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Time from birth until child first breastfed (last birth) 440. How long after birth did you first put (NAME) to the breast? IF LESS THAN 1 HOUR, RECORD "00" HOURS. IF LESS THAN 24 HOURS, RECORD HOURS. OTHERWISE, RECORD DAYS. IMMEDIATELY 000 HOURS 1 ___ DAYS 2 ___ For women who gave birth in the three to five years preceding the survey and who ever breastfed the infant, BRSFEDST_01 (M34_1) reports the length of time between the birth and when the woman first breastfed her child (for the last birth). Following DHS convention, intervals reported in hours are coded with a "1" in the first digit, and intervals reported in days are coded with a "2" in the first digit. 000 Immediately 100 Within 1 hour 101 1 hour 102 2 hours 103 3 104 4 105 5 106 6 107 7 108 8 109 9 110 10 111 11 112 12 113 13 114 14 115 15 116 16 117 17 118 18 119 19 120 20 121 21 122 22 123 23 124 24 125 25 126 26 127 27 128 28 129 29 130 30 131 31 132 32 133 33 134 34 135 35 136 36 137 37 138 38 139 39 140 40 141 41 142 42 143 43 144 44 145 45 146 46 147 47 148 48 149 49 150 50 160 60 170 70 180 80 190 90 199 Hours, number unspecified 200 Same day 201 1 day 202 2 days 203 3 204 4 205 5 206 6 207 7 208 8 209 9 210 10 211 11 212 12 213 13 214 14 215 15 216 16 217 17 218 18 219 19 220 20 221 21 222 22 223 23 224 24 225 25 226 26 227 27 228 28 229 29 230 30 231 31 232 32 233 33 234 34 235 35 236 36 237 37 238 38 239 39 240 40 241 41 242 42 243 43 244 44 245 45 246 46 247 47 248 48 249 49 250 50 251 51 252 52 253 53 254 54 255 55 256 56 257 57 258 58 259 59 260 60 261 61 262 62 263 63 264 64 265 65 266 66 267 67 268 68 269 69 270 70 271 71 272 72 273 73 274 74 275 75 276 76 277 77 278 78 279 79 280 80 281 81 282 82 283 83 284 84 285 85 286 86 287 87 288 88 289 89 290 90 291 91 292 92 293 93 294 94 295 95 296 96 297 97 298 98 299 Days, number unspecified 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Time from birth until child first breastfed (second to last birth) 440. How long after birth did you first put (NAME) to the breast? IF LESS THAN 1 HOUR, RECORD "00" HOURS. IF LESS THAN 24 HOURS, RECORD HOURS. OTHERWISE, RECORD DAYS. IMMEDIATELY 000 HOURS 1 ___ DAYS 2 ___ 000 Immediately 100 Within 1 hour 101 1 hour 102 2 hours 103 3 104 4 105 5 106 6 107 7 108 8 109 9 110 10 111 11 112 12 113 13 114 14 115 15 116 16 117 17 118 18 119 19 120 20 121 21 122 22 123 23 124 24 125 25 126 26 127 27 128 28 129 29 130 30 131 31 132 32 133 33 134 34 135 35 136 36 137 37 138 38 139 39 140 40 141 41 142 42 143 43 144 44 145 45 146 46 147 47 148 48 149 49 150 50 160 60 170 70 180 80 190 90 199 Hours, number unspecified 200 Same day 201 1 day 202 2 days 203 3 204 4 205 5 206 6 207 7 208 8 209 9 210 10 211 11 212 12 213 13 214 14 215 15 216 16 217 17 218 18 219 19 220 20 221 21 222 22 223 23 224 24 225 25 226 26 227 27 228 28 229 29 230 30 231 31 232 32 233 33 234 34 235 35 236 36 237 37 238 38 239 39 240 40 241 41 242 42 243 43 244 44 245 45 246 46 247 47 248 48 249 49 250 50 251 51 252 52 253 53 254 54 255 55 256 56 257 57 258 58 259 59 260 60 261 61 262 62 263 63 264 64 265 65 266 66 267 67 268 68 269 69 270 70 271 71 272 72 273 73 274 74 275 75 276 76 277 77 278 78 279 79 280 80 281 81 282 82 283 83 284 84 285 85 286 86 287 87 288 88 289 89 290 90 291 91 292 92 293 93 294 94 295 95 296 96 297 97 298 98 299 Days, number unspecified 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Time from birth until child first breastfed (third to last birth) 440. How long after birth did you first put (NAME) to the breast? IF LESS THAN 1 HOUR, RECORD "00" HOURS. IF LESS THAN 24 HOURS, RECORD HOURS. OTHERWISE, RECORD DAYS. IMMEDIATELY 000 HOURS 1 ___ DAYS 2 ___ 000 Immediately 100 Within 1 hour 101 1 hour 102 2 hours 103 3 104 4 105 5 106 6 107 7 108 8 109 9 110 10 111 11 112 12 113 13 114 14 115 15 116 16 117 17 118 18 119 19 120 20 121 21 122 22 123 23 124 24 125 25 126 26 127 27 128 28 129 29 130 30 131 31 132 32 133 33 134 34 135 35 136 36 137 37 138 38 139 39 140 40 141 41 142 42 143 43 144 44 145 45 146 46 147 47 148 48 149 49 150 50 160 60 170 70 180 80 190 90 199 Hours, number unspecified 200 Same day 201 1 day 202 2 days 203 3 204 4 205 5 206 6 207 7 208 8 209 9 210 10 211 11 212 12 213 13 214 14 215 15 216 16 217 17 218 18 219 19 220 20 221 21 222 22 223 23 224 24 225 25 226 26 227 27 228 28 229 29 230 30 231 31 232 32 233 33 234 34 235 35 236 36 237 37 238 38 239 39 240 40 241 41 242 42 243 43 244 44 245 45 246 46 247 47 248 48 249 49 250 50 251 51 252 52 253 53 254 54 255 55 256 56 257 57 258 58 259 59 260 60 261 61 262 62 263 63 264 64 265 65 266 66 267 67 268 68 269 69 270 70 271 71 272 72 273 73 274 74 275 75 276 76 277 77 278 78 279 79 280 80 281 81 282 82 283 83 284 84 285 85 286 86 287 87 288 88 289 89 290 90 291 91 292 92 293 93 294 94 295 95 296 96 297 97 298 98 299 Days, number unspecified 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Time from birth until child first breastfed (fourth to last birth) 440. How long after birth did you first put (NAME) to the breast? IF LESS THAN 1 HOUR, RECORD "00" HOURS. IF LESS THAN 24 HOURS, RECORD HOURS. OTHERWISE, RECORD DAYS. IMMEDIATELY 000 HOURS 1 ___ DAYS 2 ___ 000 Immediately 100 Within 1 hour 101 1 hour 102 2 hours 103 3 104 4 105 5 106 6 107 7 108 8 109 9 110 10 111 11 112 12 113 13 114 14 115 15 116 16 117 17 118 18 119 19 120 20 121 21 122 22 123 23 124 24 125 25 126 26 127 27 128 28 129 29 130 30 131 31 132 32 133 33 134 34 135 35 136 36 137 37 138 38 139 39 140 40 141 41 142 42 143 43 144 44 145 45 146 46 147 47 148 48 149 49 150 50 160 60 170 70 180 80 190 90 199 Hours, number unspecified 200 Same day 201 1 day 202 2 days 203 3 204 4 205 5 206 6 207 7 208 8 209 9 210 10 211 11 212 12 213 13 214 14 215 15 216 16 217 17 218 18 219 19 220 20 221 21 222 22 223 23 224 24 225 25 226 26 227 27 228 28 229 29 230 30 231 31 232 32 233 33 234 34 235 35 236 36 237 37 238 38 239 39 240 40 241 41 242 42 243 43 244 44 245 45 246 46 247 47 248 48 249 49 250 50 251 51 252 52 253 53 254 54 255 55 256 56 257 57 258 58 259 59 260 60 261 61 262 62 263 63 264 64 265 65 266 66 267 67 268 68 269 69 270 70 271 71 272 72 273 73 274 74 275 75 276 76 277 77 278 78 279 79 280 80 281 81 282 82 283 83 284 84 285 85 286 86 287 87 288 88 289 89 290 90 291 91 292 92 293 93 294 94 295 95 296 96 297 97 298 98 299 Days, number unspecified 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Time from birth until child first breastfed (fifth to last birth) 000 Immediately 100 Within 1 hour 101 1 hour 102 2 hours 103 3 104 4 105 5 106 6 107 7 108 8 109 9 110 10 111 11 112 12 113 13 114 14 115 15 116 16 117 17 118 18 119 19 120 20 121 21 122 22 123 23 124 24 125 25 126 26 127 27 128 28 129 29 130 30 131 31 132 32 133 33 134 34 135 35 136 36 137 37 138 38 139 39 140 40 141 41 142 42 143 43 144 44 145 45 146 46 147 47 148 48 149 49 150 50 160 60 170 70 180 80 190 90 199 Hours, number unspecified 200 DAYS 201 1 day 202 2 days 203 3 204 4 205 5 206 6 207 7 208 8 209 9 210 10 211 11 212 12 213 13 214 14 215 15 216 16 217 17 218 18 219 19 220 20 221 21 222 22 223 23 224 24 225 25 226 26 227 27 228 28 229 29 230 30 231 31 232 32 233 33 234 34 235 35 236 36 237 37 238 38 239 39 240 40 241 41 242 42 243 43 244 44 245 45 246 46 247 47 248 48 249 49 250 50 251 51 252 52 253 53 254 54 255 55 256 56 257 57 258 58 259 59 260 60 261 61 262 62 263 63 264 64 265 65 266 66 267 67 268 68 269 69 270 70 271 71 272 72 273 73 274 74 275 75 276 76 277 77 278 78 279 79 280 80 281 81 282 82 283 83 284 84 285 85 286 86 287 87 288 88 289 89 290 90 291 91 292 92 293 93 294 94 295 95 296 96 297 97 298 98 299 Days, number unspecified 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Time from birth until child first breastfed (sixth to last birth) 000 Immediately 100 Within 1 hour 101 1 hour 102 2 hours 103 3 104 4 105 5 106 6 107 7 108 8 109 9 110 10 111 11 112 12 113 13 114 14 115 15 116 16 117 17 118 18 119 19 120 20 121 21 122 22 123 23 124 24 125 25 126 26 127 27 128 28 129 29 130 30 131 31 132 32 133 33 134 34 135 35 136 36 137 37 138 38 139 39 140 40 141 41 142 42 143 43 144 44 145 45 146 46 147 47 148 48 149 49 150 50 160 60 170 70 180 80 190 90 199 Hours, number unspecified 200 DAYS 201 1 day 202 2 days 203 3 204 4 205 5 206 6 207 7 208 8 209 9 210 10 211 11 212 12 213 13 214 14 215 15 216 16 217 17 218 18 219 19 220 20 221 21 222 22 223 23 224 24 225 25 226 26 227 27 228 28 229 29 230 30 231 31 232 32 233 33 234 34 235 35 236 36 237 37 238 38 239 39 240 40 241 41 242 42 243 43 244 44 245 45 246 46 247 47 248 48 249 49 250 50 251 51 252 52 253 53 254 54 255 55 256 56 257 57 258 58 259 59 260 60 261 61 262 62 263 63 264 64 265 65 266 66 267 67 268 68 269 69 270 70 271 71 272 72 273 73 274 74 275 75 276 76 277 77 278 78 279 79 280 80 281 81 282 82 283 83 284 84 285 85 286 86 287 87 288 88 289 89 290 90 291 91 292 92 293 93 294 94 295 95 296 96 297 97 298 98 299 Days, number unspecified 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS When mother first put last-born child to breast 440. How long after birth did you first put (NAME) to the breast? IF LESS THAN 1 HOUR, RECORD "00" HOURS. IF LESS THAN 24 HOURS, RECORD HOURS. OTHERWISE, RECORD DAYS. IMMEDIATELY 000 HOURS 1 ___ DAYS 2 ___ For women who gave birth in the last three to five years and breastfed their last-born child, BFEEDST (V426) reports the length of time between the birth and when the woman first breastfed her last-born child. Following DHS convention, intervals reported in hours are coded with a "1" in the first digit, and intervals reported in days are coded with a "2" in the first digit. When women are the unit of analysis, IPUMS-DHS users may also use BRSFEDST_01 (M34_1), which also reports the length of time between the birth and when the woman first breastfed her child (for the last birth). When children are the unit of analysis, BFEEDST describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all young children of the mother to be coded the same way. Thus, a response of a certain number of hours or days in BFEEDST does not necessarily indicate that a particular child whose record is being analyzed was first breastfed after that amount of time. IPUMS-DHS users should instead employ, when available, the variable BRSFEDST (M34) to determine the length of time between the specific child's birth and when that child was first breastfed. 000 Immediately 100 Within first hour 101 1 hour 102 2 hours 103 3 hours 104 4 hours 105 5 hours 106 6 hours 107 7 hours 108 8 hours 109 9 hours 110 10 hours 111 11 hours 112 12 hours 113 13 hours 114 14 hours 115 15 hours 116 16 hours 117 17 hours 118 18 hours 119 19 hours 120 20 hours 121 21 hours 122 22 hours 123 23 hours 124 24 hours 125 25 hours 126 26 hours 127 27 hours 128 28 hours 129 29 hours 130 30 hours 131 31 hours 132 32 hours 133 33 hours 134 34 hours 135 35 hours 136 36 hours 137 37 hours 138 38 hours 139 39 hours 140 40 hours 141 41 hours 142 42 hours 143 43 hours 144 44 hours 145 45 hours 146 46 hours 147 47 hours 148 48 hours 149 49 hours 150 50 hours 151 51 hours 152 52 hours 153 53 hours 154 54 hours 155 55 hours 156 56 hours 157 57 hours 158 58 hours 159 59 hours 160 60 hours 161 61 hours 162 62 hours 163 63 hours 164 64 hours 165 65 hours 166 66 hours 167 67 hours 168 68 hours 169 69 hours 170 70 hours 171 71 hours 172 72 hours 173 73 hours 174 74 hours 175 75 hours 176 76 hours 177 77 hours 178 78 hours 179 79 hours 180 80 hours 181 81 hours 182 82 hours 183 83 hours 184 84 hours 185 85 hours 186 86 hours 187 87 hours 188 88 hours 189 89 hours 190 90 hours 199 Hours: Number missing 200 Within first day 201 1 day 202 2 days 203 3 days 204 4 days 205 5 days 206 6 days 207 7 days 208 8 days 209 9 days 210 10 days 211 11 days 212 12 days 213 13 days 214 14 days 215 15 days 216 16 days 217 17 days 218 18 days 219 19 days 220 20 days 221 21 days 222 22 days 223 23 days 224 24 days 225 25 days 226 26 days 227 27 days 228 28 days 229 29 days 230 30 days 231 31 days 232 32 days 233 33 days 234 34 days 235 35 days 236 36 days 237 37 days 238 38 days 239 39 days 240 40 days 241 41 days 242 42 days 243 43 days 244 44 days 245 45 days 246 46 days 247 47 days 248 48 days 249 49 days 250 50 days 251 51 days 252 52 days 253 53 days 254 54 days 255 55 days 256 56 days 257 57 days 258 58 days 259 59 days 260 60 days 261 61 days 262 62 days 263 63 days 264 64 days 265 65 days 266 66 days 267 67 days 268 68 days 269 69 days 270 70 days 271 71 days 272 72 days 273 73 days 274 74 days 275 75 days 276 76 days 277 77 days 278 78 days 279 79 days 280 80 days 281 81 days 282 82 days 283 83 days 284 84 days 285 85 days 286 86 days 287 87 days 288 88 days 289 89 days 290 90 days 299 Days: Number missing 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Weight of woman (kilos) 908. WEIGHT (IN KILOGRAMS) ___ WEIGHTFEM (V437) reports the woman's weight as measured by DHS personnel. There is one implied decimal place in the weight. Dividing WEIGHTFEM by 10 will yield the woman's measured weight in kilograms. 9994 Not present 9995 Refused 9996 Other 9997 Out of plausible range 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Height of woman in centimeters 906. HEIGHT (IN CENTIMETERS) ___ HEIGHTFEM (V438) reports the woman's height as measured by DHS personnel. HEIGHTFEM values are reported in millimeters, to preserve one centimeter decimal place without requiring the use of a decimal point. Dividing HEIGHTFEM by 10 will yield the woman's measured height in centimeters. 9994 Not present 9995 Refused 9996 Other 9997 Out of plausible range 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Height for age percentile for respondents to women's survey BIOFHTAPCT (V439) reports the respondent's height-for-age percentile, based on smoothed percentile growth charts by age and sex developed by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control. The reference standard contains data for children up to age 18. For all women age 18 and over, the value for 215 months (17 years, 11 months) is used, based on the assumption that women are fully grown by age18. HEIGHTFEM (V438) reports the respondent's length or height as measured by DHS personnel. 9995 Flagged cases 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Height for age standard deviations from the reference median (for respondents to female survey) BIOFHTASDRM (V440) reports the difference between the respondent's height and the median height of a reference population of the same age and sex, expressed in units equal to one standard deviation of the reference population's distribution. An anthropometry measure expressed in reference standard deviation units is also known as a Z-score. BIOFHTASDRM values are reported in units equal to 100 times the Z-score, to preserve two decimal places without requiring the use of a decimal point. Dividing BIOFHTASDRM by 100 will yield the height-for-age Z-score (HAZ) value. The reference standard contains data for children up to age 18. For all women age 18 and over, the value of 215 months (17 years, 11 months) is used, based on the assumption that women are fully grown by age 18. HEIGHTFEM (V438) reports the respondent's length or height, as measured by DHS personnel. The complementary DHS variable BIOFHTAPCT (V439) reports the respondent's height-for-age percentile within the same reference population used in BIOFHTASDRM. The complementary DHS variable BIOFHTAPCTRM (V441) reports the respondent's height-for-age as a percentage of the median of the same reference population. Unlike z-scores, percentiles do not allow comparison across age and sex and cannot assess longitudinal change in growth status. 9995 Flagged cases 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Height for Age percent of reference median for respondents to female survey BIOFHTAPCTRM (V441) reports the respondent's height-for-age as a percent of the median height for a reference population of the same age and sex. For this variable, the reference population was developed by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control. The reference standard contains data for children up to age 18. For all women age 18 and over, the value of 215 months (17 years, 11 months) is used, based on the assumption that women are fully grown by age 18. HEIGHTFEM (V438) reports the respondent's length or height as measured by DHS personnel. The related variable BIOFHTAPCT (V439) reports the respondent's height-for-age percentile relative to smoothed percentile growth charts by age and sex, for the same reference population. 99995 Flagged cases 99998 Missing 99999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Weight for height percent of reference median (DHS) (respondents to women's survey) BIOFWTHTRMDHS (V442) reports the respondent's weight-for-height as a percent of the median weight for a reference population of the same height. For this variable, the reference population was developed by the DHS Program. This index has been adjusted for pregnant women according to duration of pregnancy. The following variables report the respondent's weight for height as a percent of the median weight for different reference populations: BIOFWTHTRMFOG (V443) uses Metropolitan Life or Fogarty reference standards BIOFWTHTRMWHO (V444) uses WHO reference standards 99995 Flagged cases 99998 Missing 99999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Weight for height percent of reference median (MetLife or Fogarty) (respondents to women's survey) BIOFWTHTRMFOG (V443) reports the respondent's weight-for-height as a percent of the median weight for a reference population of the same height. This variable uses the Metropolitan Life or Fogarty reference standard. This index has been adjusted for pregnant women according to duration of pregnancy. The following variables report the respondent's weight for height as a percent of the median weight for different reference populations: BIOFWTHTRMDHS (V442) uses a DHS reference standard BIOFWTHTRMWHO (V444) uses the WHO reference standard 99995 Flagged cases 99998 Missing 99999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Weight for height percent of reference median (WHO) (respondents to women's survey) BIOFWTHTRMWHO (V444) reports the respondent's weight-for-height as a percent of the median weight for a reference population of the same height. This variable uses the World Health Organization (WHO) reference standard. This index has been adjusted for pregnant women according to duration of pregnancy. The following variables report the respondent's weight for height as a percent of the median weight for different reference populations: BIOFWTHTRMDHS (V442) uses a DHS reference standard BIOFWTHTRMFOG (V444) uses the Metropolitan Life or Fogarty reference standard 99995 Flagged cases 99998 Missing 99999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Weight for height standard deviations from the reference median (DHS) (respondents to female survey) BIOFWTHTSDRM (V444A) reports the difference between the respondent's weight and the median weight of a reference population of the same height and sex, expressed in units equal to one standard deviation of the reference population's distribution. This variable uses a DHS reference standard. An anthropometry measure expressed in reference standard deviation units is also known as a Z-score. BIOFWTHTSDRM values are reported in units equal to 100 times the Z-score, to preserve two decimal places without requiring the use of a decimal point. Dividing BIOFWTHTSDRM by 100 will yield the height-for-age Z-score (HAZ) value. The complementary DHS variable BIOFWTHTPCTDHS (V442) reports weight-for-height percentiles within the same reference population. Unlike z-scores, percentiles do not allow comparison across age and sex and cannot assess longitudinal change in growth status; users are advised to consult anthropometry literature for further discussion. 9995 Flagged cases 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Body Mass Index (BMI) for respondents to the women's survey BIOFBMI (V445) reports the female respondent's body mass index (BMI). BMI is an anthropometric measure relating weight to height, equal to body weight (kilograms) divided by height (meters) squared (W/(H^2)). Also known as the Quetelet Index, BMI is a measure of acute nutritional status, based on the Fogarty Metropolitan Life tables of ideal weight for height. The DHS Guide to Statistics offers the following guidelines for interpreting BMI scores for women age 15-49: Severely thin: less than 16.0 Moderately thin: 16.0 to 16.9 Mildly thin: 17.0 to 18.4 Normal: 18.5 to 24.9 Overweight: 25.0 to 29.9 Obese: 30.0 or more The original height and weight values used to calculate BMI are also included in IPUMS-DHS. WEIGHTFEM (V437) reports the respondent's weight in kilograms, as measured by DHS personnel; HEIGHTFEM (V438) reports the person's length or height in centimeters, as measured by DHS personnel. For an alternate measure of female nutrition, IPUMS-DHS users may also be interested in BIOFROHRER (V446), which reports the respondent's Rohrer's Index. This measure is equal to body weight (kilograms) divided by height (meters) cubed (W/(H^3)). 9995 Flagged cases 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Rohrer's index (mass/height cubed) (for respondents to female survey) BIOFROHRER (V446) reports the respondent's Rohrer's Index. Rohrer's Index is an anthropometric measure relating weight to height, equal to body weight (kilograms) divided by height (meters) cubed (W/(H^3)). Rohrer's Index is a measure of acute nutritional status, and may be used as an alternative to Body Mass Index. The original height and weight values used to calculate Rohrer's Index are also included in IPUMS-DHS. WEIGHTFEM (V437) reports the respondent's weight in kilograms as measured by DHS personnel; HEIGHTFEM (V438) reports their length or height in centimeters as measured by DHS personnel. For an alternate measure of female nutrition, IPUMS-DHS users may also be interested in BIOFBMI (V445), which reports the respondent's Body Mass Index (BMI), which is equal to body weight (kilograms) divided by height (meters) squared (W/(H^2)). 9995 Flagged cases 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Result of measurement of the respondent 910. RESULT RESPONDENT: MEASURED 1 NOT PRESENT 3 REFUSED 4 OTHER (SPECIFY) 6 CHILD(REN): MEASURED 1 CHILD SICK 2 CHILD NOT PRESENT 3 CHILD REFUSED 4 MOTHER REFUSED 5 OTHER (SPECIFY) 6 BIOFWHYNOTMEAS (V447) indicates whether the respondent was measured for height and weight, or, if not, why she was not measured. All "Not measured" responses have a common first digit of "1," while the second digit reveals the reason (e.g., sick, not present, refused). 00 Measured 10 Not measured 11 Sick 12 Not present 13 Refused 14 Incapacitated 15 Technical problems 19 Other 20 No measurement found in household 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Ever heard of or saw the Green Umbrella logo 617. Have you ever seen or heard of the Green Umbrella logo? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 619) DON'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 619) GRENBROLLY indicates whether the respondent had heard of or seen the Green Umbrella logo. This is a country-specific variable for Bangladesh. In 1996, the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare Department of Bangladesh initiated the Green Umbrella campaign, with the slogan "for health and family planning, go to the place where you see the green umbrella [logo]." This campaign supporting use of public integrated health services also incorporated publicity through a television drama. Survey questions about the Green Umbrella logo were designed to evaluate the effectiveness of the outreach campaign, in terms of raising awareness of the logo and its meaning. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing General healthcare Variables -- TOPICS Thinks Green Umbrella logo means: Health service-related 618. What does the Green Umbrella logo mean to you? CIRCLE ALL MENTIONED. FAMILY PLANNING RELATED A NOT FAMILY PLANNING RELATED B HEALTH SERVICE RELATED C DON'T KNOW OR UNSURE D GRENBROLLYHSERV indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported associating health services with the Bangladesh Green Umbrella logo. The Green Umbrella publicity campaign encouraged use of public integrated health services, including family planning, in facilities marked by that logo. For more information on the Green Umbrella campaign, see GRENBROLLYHR. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General healthcare Variables -- TOPICS Thinks Green Umbrella logo means: Family planning 618. What does the Green Umbrella logo mean to you? CIRCLE ALL MENTIONED. FAMILY PLANNING RELATED A NOT FAMILY PLANNING RELATED B HEALTH SERVICE RELATED C DON'T KNOW OR UNSURE D GRENBROLLYFP indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent associated family planning with the Bangladesh Green Umbrella logo. The Green Umbrella publicity campaign encouraged use of public integrated health services, including family planning, in facilities marked by that logo. For more information on the Green Umbrella campaign, see GRENBROLLYHR. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General healthcare Variables -- TOPICS Thinks Green Umbrella logo means: Not family planning 618. What does the Green Umbrella logo mean to you? CIRCLE ALL MENTIONED. FAMILY PLANNING RELATED A NOT FAMILY PLANNING RELATED B HEALTH SERVICE RELATED C DON'T KNOW OR UNSURE D GRENBROLLYNOTFP indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent did not associate family planning with the Bangladesh Green Umbrella logo. The Green Umbrella publicity campaign encouraged use of public integrated health services, including family planning, in facilities marked by that logo. For more information on the Green Umbrella campaign, see GRENBROLLYHR. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General healthcare Variables -- TOPICS Thinks Green Umbrella logo means: Don't know 618. What does the Green Umbrella logo mean to you? CIRCLE ALL MENTIONED. FAMILY PLANNING RELATED A NOT FAMILY PLANNING RELATED B HEALTH SERVICE RELATED C DON'T KNOW OR UNSURE D GRENBROLLYDK indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported not knowing the meaning of the Bangladesh Green Umbrella logo, despite having seen or heard of this symbol. The Green Umbrella publicity campaign encouraged use of public integrated health services, including family planning, in facilities marked by that logo. For more information on the Green Umbrella campaign, see GRENBROLLYHR. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General healthcare Variables -- TOPICS Barrier to woman's health care: Don't know where to go 480B. Many different factors can prevent women getting medical attention during the pregnancy and child birth. Sometimes women might have life threatening or serious situation during the pregnancy and childbirth. When you need medical advice or treatment for such situation, is each of the following a problem or no problem for you? Knowing where to go. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Not having a health facility nearby. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Going to health center. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Lack of confidence on source or services. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting permission to go. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting money needed for treatment. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting someone to accompany. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 BHCDKPLACE (V467A) indicates whether the woman reported not "knowing where to go" as a barrier to getting medical care for herself. 10 Not a big problem 11 No problem at all 12 Small problem 20 Is big problem 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Access to care Variables -- TOPICS Barrier to woman's health care: Getting permission 480B. Many different factors can prevent women getting medical attention during the pregnancy and child birth. Sometimes women might have life threatening or serious situation during the pregnancy and childbirth. When you need medical advice or treatment for such situation, is each of the following a problem or no problem for you? Knowing where to go. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Not having a health facility nearby. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Going to health center. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Lack of confidence on source or services. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting permission to go. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting money needed for treatment. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting someone to accompany. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 BHCPERMIT (V467B) indicates whether the woman reported "obtaining permission to go to the doctor/seek treatment" as a barrier to getting medical care for herself. 10 Not a big problem 11 No problem at all 12 Small problem 20 Is big problem 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Access to care Variables -- TOPICS Barrier to woman's health care: Lack money for treatment 480B. Many different factors can prevent women getting medical attention during the pregnancy and child birth. Sometimes women might have life threatening or serious situation during the pregnancy and childbirth. When you need medical advice or treatment for such situation, is each of the following a problem or no problem for you? Knowing where to go. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Not having a health facility nearby. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Going to health center. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Lack of confidence on source or services. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting permission to go. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting money needed for treatment. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting someone to accompany. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 BHCMONEY (V467C) indicates whether the woman reported "getting money needed for treatment" as a barrier to getting medical care for herself. 10 Not a big problem 11 No problem at all 12 Small problem only 20 Is big problem 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Access to care Variables -- TOPICS Barrier to woman's health care: Distance to facility 480B. Many different factors can prevent women getting medical attention during the pregnancy and child birth. Sometimes women might have life threatening or serious situation during the pregnancy and childbirth. When you need medical advice or treatment for such situation, is each of the following a problem or no problem for you? Knowing where to go. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Not having a health facility nearby. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Going to health center. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Lack of confidence on source or services. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting permission to go. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting money needed for treatment. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting someone to accompany. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 BHCDISTANCE (V467D) indicates whether the woman reported "the distance to the health facility" as a barrier to getting medical care for herself. 10 Not a big problem 11 No problem at all 12 Small problem 20 Is big problem 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Access to care Variables -- TOPICS Barrier to woman's health care: Having to take transport 480B. Many different factors can prevent women getting medical attention during the pregnancy and child birth. Sometimes women might have life threatening or serious situation during the pregnancy and childbirth. When you need medical advice or treatment for such situation, is each of the following a problem or no problem for you? Knowing where to go. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Not having a health facility nearby. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Going to health center. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Lack of confidence on source or services. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting permission to go. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting money needed for treatment. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting someone to accompany. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 BHCTAKETRAN (V467E) indicates whether the woman reported "having to take transportation" as a barrier to getting medical care for herself. 10 Not a big problem 11 No problem at all 12 Small problem 20 Is big problem 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Access to care Variables -- TOPICS Barrier to woman's health care: Not want to go alone 480B. Many different factors can prevent women getting medical attention during the pregnancy and child birth. Sometimes women might have life threatening or serious situation during the pregnancy and childbirth. When you need medical advice or treatment for such situation, is each of the following a problem or no problem for you? Knowing where to go. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Not having a health facility nearby. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Going to health center. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Lack of confidence on source or services. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting permission to go. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting money needed for treatment. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting someone to accompany. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 BHCALONE (V467F) indicates whether the woman reported "not wanting to go alone" as a barrier to getting medical care for herself. 10 Not a big problem 11 No problem at all 12 Small problem only 20 Is big problem 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Access to care Variables -- TOPICS Barrier to woman's health care: Attitude of health workers 480B. Many different factors can prevent women getting medical attention during the pregnancy and child birth. Sometimes women might have life threatening or serious situation during the pregnancy and childbirth. When you need medical advice or treatment for such situation, is each of the following a problem or no problem for you? Knowing where to go. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Not having a health facility nearby. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Going to health center. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Lack of confidence on source or services. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting permission to go. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting money needed for treatment. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting someone to accompany. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 BHCATTHW indicates whether the woman reported "attitude of health workers" as a barrier to getting medical care for herself. 10 Not a big problem 11 No problem at all 12 Small problem 20 Is a big problem 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Access to care Variables -- TOPICS Soil type SOIL reports the predominant soil type within a 5-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The soil attributes reported in SOIL are: soil class (e.g., Leptosols), with 30 class categories, and soil type within that class (e.g., Lithic Leptosols). SOIL is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. SOIL is based on data from SoilGrids [URL omitted from DDI.]. SoilGrids is a system for automated soil mapping based on global soil profile and covariate data. There are 118 different soil types in the world according to SoilGrids [URL omitted from DDI.]. For the full list of codes and their meaning, see the soil legend [URL omitted from DDI.]. SOIL, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -998 Missing 0001 Haplic Acrisols 0002 Haplic Acrisols (Alumic) 0003 Haplic Acrisols (Ferric) 0004 Haplic Acrisols (Humic) 0005 Plinthic Acrisols 0006 Vetic Acrisols 0007 Haplic Albeluvisols 0008 Histic Albeluvisols 0009 Umbric Albeluvisols 0010 Cutanic Alisols 0011 Haplic Alisols 0012 Aluandic Andosols 0013 Haplic Andosols 0014 Vitric Andosols 0015 Albic Arenosols 0016 Ferralic Arenosols 0017 Haplic Arenosols 0018 Haplic Arenosols (Calcaric) 0019 Hypoluvic Arenosols 0020 Protic Arenosols 0021 Haplic Calcisols 0022 Haplic Calcisols (Sodic) 0023 Luvic Calcisols 0024 Petric Calcisols 0025 Endogleyic Cambisols 0026 Ferralic Cambisols 0027 Haplic Cambisols 0028 Haplic Cambisols (Calcaric) 0029 Haplic Cambisols (Chromic) 0030 Haplic Cambisols (Dystric) 0031 Haplic Cambisols (Eutric) 0032 Haplic Cambisols (Humic) 0033 Haplic Cambisols (Sodic) 0034 Leptic Cambisols 0035 Vertic Cambisols 0036 Calcic Chernozems 0037 Haplic Chernozems 0038 Luvic Chernozems 0039 Haplic Cryosols 0040 Turbic Cryosols 0041 Vitric Cryosols 0042 Petric Durisols 0043 Acric Ferralsols 0044 Haplic Ferralsols 0045 Haplic Ferralsols (Rhodic) 0046 Haplic Ferralsols (Xanthic) 0047 Umbric Ferralsols 0048 Haplic Fluvisols 0049 Haplic Fluvisols (Arenic) 0050 Haplic Fluvisols (Calcaric) 0051 Haplic Fluvisols (Dystric) 0052 Haplic Fluvisols (Eutric) 0053 Calcic Gleysols 0054 Haplic Gleysols 0055 Haplic Gleysols (Dystric) 0056 Haplic Gleysols (Eutric) 0057 Mollic Gleysols 0058 Umbric Gleysols 0059 Calcic Gypsisols 0060 Haplic Gypsisols 0061 Calcic Histosols 0062 Cryic Histosols 0063 Fibric Histosols 0064 Hemic Histosols 0065 Sapric Histosols 0066 Calcic Kastanozems 0067 Haplic Kastanozems 0068 Haplic Leptosols 0069 Haplic Leptosols (Eutric) 0070 Lithic Leptosols 0071 Mollic Leptosols 0072 Rendzic Leptosols 0073 Haplic Lixisols 0074 Haplic Lixisols (Chromic) 0075 Haplic Lixisols (Ferric) 0076 Albic Luvisols 0077 Calcic Luvisols 0078 Gleyic Luvisols 0079 Haplic Luvisols 0080 Haplic Luvisols (Chromic) 0081 Haplic Luvisols (Ferric) 0082 Leptic Luvisols 0083 Stagnic Luvisols 0084 Vertic Luvisols 0085 Alic Nitisols 0086 Haplic Nitisols (Rhodic) 0087 Haplic Phaeozems 0088 Leptic Phaeozems 0089 Luvic Phaeozems 0090 Endogleyic Planosols 0091 Haplic Planosols (Dystric) 0092 Haplic Planosols (Eutric) 0093 Luvic Planosols 0094 Solodic Planosols 0095 Acric Plinthosols 0096 Lixic Plinthosols 0097 Gleyic Podzols 0098 Haplic Podzols 0099 Aric Regosols 0100 Calcaric Regosols 0101 Haplic Regosols (Dystric) 0102 Haplic Regosols (Eutric) 0103 Haplic Regosols (Sodic) 0104 Leptic Regosols 0105 Gypsic Solonchaks 0106 Haplic Solonchaks 0107 Haplic Solonchaks (Sodic) 0108 Calcic Solonetz 0109 Gleyic Solonetz 0110 Haplic Solonetz 0111 Mollic Solonetz 0112 Luvic Stagnosols 0113 Haplic Umbrisols 0114 Leptic Umbrisols 0115 Calcic Vertisols 0116 Haplic Vertisols 0117 Haplic Vertisols (Eutric) 0118 Mollic Vertisols Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Ecoregion of household ECOREGION reports the predominant terrestrial ecoregion within a 5-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. ECOREGION reports the biogeographic region (e.g., Afrotropic), the habitat type (e.g., tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands), and the ecoregion (e.g., East Sudanian savanna) that are associated with each cluster location. ECOREGION is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. There are 825 terrestrial ecoregions in the world. Ecoregions are relatively large units of land containing distinct assemblages of natural communities and species, with boundaries that approximate the original extent of natural communities prior to major land-use change. The 5-digit codes in ECOREGION (e.g., 30129) include a 1-digit realm code (with 8 possible values), followed by a 2-digit biome code (with 14 possible values), and then a 2-digit ecoregion number. For the full list of codes and their meaning, see the ecoregion legend [URL omitted from DDI.]. ECOREGION, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -0998 Missing 10101 Admiralty Islands lowland rain forests 10102 Banda Sea Islands moist deciduous forests 10103 Biak-Numfoor rain forests 10104 Buru rain forests 10105 Central Range montane rain forests 10106 Halmahera rain forests 10107 Huon Peninsula montane rain forests 10108 Yapen rain forests 10109 Lord Howe Island subtropical forests 10110 Louisiade Archipelago rain forests 10111 New Britain-New Ireland lowland rain forests 10112 New Britain-New Ireland montane rain forests 10113 New Caledonia rain forests 10114 Norfolk Island subtropical forests 10115 Northern New Guinea lowland rain and freshwater swamp forests 10116 Northern New Guinea montane rain forests 10117 Queensland tropical rain forests 10118 Seram rain forests 10119 Solomon Islands rain forests 10120 Southeastern Papuan rain forests 10121 Southern New Guinea freshwater swamp forests 10122 Southern New Guinea lowland rain forests 10123 Sulawesi lowland rain forests 10124 Sulawesi montane rain forests 10125 Trobriand Islands rain forests 10126 Vanuatu rain forests 10127 Vogelkop montane rain forests 10128 Vogelkop-Aru lowland rain forests 10201 Lesser Sundas deciduous forests 10202 New Caledonia dry forests 10203 Sumba deciduous forests 10204 Timor and Wetar deciduous forests 10401 Chatham Island temperate forests 10402 Eastern Australian temperate forests 10403 Fiordland temperate forests 10404 Nelson Coast temperate forests 10405 North Island temperate forests 10406 Northland temperate kauri forests 10407 Rakiura Island temperate forests 10408 Richmond temperate forests 10409 Southeast Australia temperate forests 10410 South Island temperate forests 10411 Tasmanian Central Highland forests 10412 Tasmanian temperate forests 10413 Tasmanian temperate rain forests 10414 Westland temperate forests 10701 Arnhem Land tropical savanna 10702 Brigalow tropical savanna 10703 Cape York Peninsula tropical savanna 10704 Carpentaria tropical savanna 10705 Einasleigh upland savanna 10706 Kimberly tropical savanna 10707 Mitchell grass downs 10708 Trans Fly savanna and grasslands 10709 Victoria Plains tropical savanna 10801 Cantebury-Otago tussock grasslands 10802 Eastern Australia mulga shrublands 10803 Southeast Australia temperate savanna 11001 Australian Alps montane grasslands 11002 Central Range sub-alpine grasslands 11003 South Island montane grasslands 11101 Antipodes Subantarctic Islands tundra 11201 Coolgardie woodlands 11202 Esperance mallee 11203 Eyre and York mallee 11204 Jarrah-Karri forest and shrublands 11205 Swan Coastal Plain Scrub and Woodlands 11206 Mount Lofty woodlands 11207 Murray-Darling woodlands and mallee 11208 Naracoorte woodlands 11209 Southwest Australia savanna 11210 Southwest Australia woodlands 11301 Carnarvon xeric shrublands 11302 Central Ranges xeric scrub 11303 Gibson desert 11304 Great Sandy-Tanami desert 11305 Great Victoria desert 11306 Nullarbor Plains xeric shrublands 11307 Pilbara shrublands 11308 Simpson desert 11309 Tirari-Sturt stony desert 11310 Western Australian Mulga shrublands 11401 New Guinea mangroves 21101 Marielandia Antarctic tundra 21102 Maudlandia Antarctic desert 21103 Scotia Sea Islands tundra 21104 Southern Indian Ocean Islands tundra 30101 Albertine Rift montane forests 30102 Atlantic Equatorial coastal forests 30103 Cameroonian Highlands forests 30104 Central Congolian lowland forests 30105 Comoros forests 30106 Cross-Niger transition forests 30107 Cross-Sanaga-Bioko coastal forests 30108 East African montane forests 30109 Eastern Arc forests 30110 Eastern Congolian swamp forests 30111 Eastern Guinean forests 30112 Ethiopian montane forests 30113 Granitic Seychelles forests 30114 Guinean montane forests 30115 Knysna-Amatole montane forests 30116 KwaZulu-Cape coastal forest mosaic 30117 Madagascar lowland forests 30118 Madagascar subhumid forests 30119 Maputaland coastal forest mosaic 30120 Mascarene forests 30121 Mount Cameroon and Bioko montane forests 30122 Niger Delta swamp forests 30123 Nigerian lowland forests 30124 Northeastern Congolian lowland forests 30125 Northern Zanzibar-Inhambane coastal forest mosaic 30126 Northwestern Congolian lowland forests 30127 Sao Tome, Principe and Annobon moist lowland forests 30128 Southern Zanzibar-Inhambane coastal forest mosaic 30129 Western Congolian swamp forests 30130 Western Guinean lowland forests 30201 Cape Verde Islands dry forests 30202 Madagascar dry deciduous forests 30203 Zambezian Cryptosepalum dry forests 30701 Angolan Miombo woodlands 30702 Angolan Mopane woodlands 30703 Ascension scrub and grasslands 30704 Central Zambezian Miombo woodlands 30705 East Sudanian savanna 30706 Eastern Miombo woodlands 30707 Guinean forest-savanna mosaic 30708 Itigi-Sumbu thicket 30709 Kalahari Acacia-Baikiaea woodlands 30710 Mandara Plateau mosaic 30711 Northern Acacia-Commiphora bushlands and thickets 30712 Northern Congolian forest-savanna mosaic 30713 Sahelian Acacia savanna 30714 Serengeti volcanic grasslands 30715 Somali Acacia-Commiphora bushlands and thickets 30716 Southern Acacia-Commiphora bushlands and thickets 30717 Southern Africa bushveld 30718 Southern Congolian forest-savanna mosaic 30719 Southern Miombo woodlands 30720 St. Helena scrub and woodlands 30721 Victoria Basin forest-savanna mosaic 30722 West Sudanian savanna 30723 Western Congolian forest-savanna mosaic 30724 Western Zambezian grasslands 30725 Zambezian and Mopane woodlands 30726 Zambezian Baikiaea woodlands 30801 Al Hajar montane woodlands 30802 Amsterdam and Saint-Paul Islands temperate grasslands 30803 Tristan Da Cunha-Gough Islands shrub and grasslands 30901 East African halophytics 30902 Etosha Pan halophytics 30903 Inner Niger Delta flooded savanna 30904 Lake Chad flooded savanna 30905 Saharan flooded grasslands 30906 Zambezian coastal flooded savanna 30907 Zambezian flooded grasslands 30908 Zambezian halophytics 31001 Angolan montane forest-grassland mosaic 31002 Angolan scarp savanna and woodlands 31003 Drakensberg alti-montane grasslands and woodlands 31004 Drakensberg montane grasslands, woodlands and forests 31005 East African montane moorlands 31006 Eastern Zimbabwe montane forest-grassland mosaic 31007 Ethiopian montane grasslands and woodlands 31008 Ethiopian montane moorlands 31009 Highveld grasslands 31010 Jos Plateau forest-grassland mosaic 31011 Madagascar ericoid thickets 31012 Maputaland-Pondoland bushland and thickets 31013 Rwenzori-Virunga montane moorlands 31014 South Malawi montane forest-grassland mosaic 31015 Southern Rift montane forest-grassland mosaic 31201 Albany thickets 31202 Lowland fynbos and renosterveld 31203 Montane fynbos and renosterveld 31301 Aldabra Island xeric scrub 31302 Arabian Peninsula coastal fog desert 31303 East Saharan montane xeric woodlands 31304 Eritrean coastal desert 31305 Ethiopian xeric grasslands and shrublands 31306 Gulf of Oman desert and semi-desert 31307 Hobyo grasslands and shrublands 31308 Ile Europa and Bassas da India xeric scrub 31309 Kalahari xeric savanna 31310 Kaokoveld desert 31311 Madagascar spiny thickets 31312 Madagascar succulent woodlands 31313 Masai xeric grasslands and shrublands 31314 Nama Karoo 31315 Namib desert 31316 Namibian savanna woodlands 31318 Socotra Island xeric shrublands 31319 Somali montane xeric woodlands 31320 Southwestern Arabian foothills savanna 31321 Southwestern Arabian montane woodlands 31322 Succulent Karoo 31401 Central African mangroves 31402 East African mangroves 31403 Guinean mangroves 31404 Madagascar mangroves 31405 Southern Africa mangroves 40101 Andaman Islands rain forests 40102 Borneo lowland rain forests 40103 Borneo montane rain forests 40104 Borneo peat swamp forests 40105 Brahmaputra Valley semi-evergreen forests 40106 Cardamom Mountains rain forests 40107 Chao Phraya freshwater swamp forests 40108 Chao Phraya lowland moist deciduous forests 40109 Chin Hills-Arakan Yoma montane forests 40110 Christmas and Cocos Islands tropical forests 40111 Eastern highlands moist deciduous forests 40112 Eastern Java-Bali montane rain forests 40113 Eastern Java-Bali rain forests 40114 Greater Negros-Panay rain forests 40115 Himalayan subtropical broadleaf forests 40116 Irrawaddy freshwater swamp forests 40117 Irrawaddy moist deciduous forests 40118 Jian Nan subtropical evergreen forests 40119 Kayah-Karen montane rain forests 40120 Lower Gangetic Plains moist deciduous forests 40121 Luang Prabang montane rain forests 40122 Luzon montane rain forests 40123 Luzon rain forests 40124 Malabar Coast moist forests 40125 Maldives-Lakshadweep-Chagos Archipelago tropical moist forests 40126 Meghalaya subtropical forests 40127 Mentawai Islands rain forests 40128 Mindanao montane rain forests 40129 Mindanao-Eastern Visayas rain forests 40130 Mindoro rain forests 40131 Mizoram-Manipur-Kachin rain forests 40132 Myanmar coastal rain forests 40133 Nicobar Islands rain forests 40134 North Western Ghats moist deciduous forests 40135 North Western Ghats montane rain forests 40136 Northern Annamites rain forests 40137 Northern Indochina subtropical forests 40138 Northern Khorat Plateau moist deciduous forests 40139 Northern Thailand-Laos moist deciduous forests 40140 Northern Triangle subtropical forests 40141 Northern Vietnam lowland rain forests 40142 Orissa semi-evergreen forests 40143 Palawan rain forests 40144 Peninsular Malaysian montane rain forests 40145 Peninsular Malaysian peat swamp forests 40146 Peninsular Malaysian rain forests 40147 Red River freshwater swamp forests 40148 South China Sea Islands 40149 South China-Vietnam subtropical evergreen forests 40150 South Western Ghats moist deciduous forests 40151 South Western Ghats montane rain forests 40152 Southern Annamites montane rain forests 40153 Southwest Borneo freshwater swamp forests 40154 Sri Lanka lowland rain forests 40155 Sri Lanka montane rain forests 40156 Sulu Archipelago rain forests 40157 Sumatran freshwater swamp forests 40158 Sumatran lowland rain forests 40159 Sumatran montane rain forests 40160 Sumatran peat swamp forests 40161 Sundaland heath forests 40162 Sundarbans freshwater swamp forests 40163 Tenasserim-South Thailand semi-evergreen rain forests 40164 Tonle Sap freshwater swamp forests 40165 Tonle Sap-Mekong peat swamp forests 40166 Upper Gangetic Plains moist deciduous forests 40167 Western Java montane rain forests 40168 Western Java rain forests 40169 Hainan Island monsoon rain forests 40170 Nansei Islands subtropical evergreen forests 40171 South Taiwan monsoon rain forests 40172 Taiwan subtropical evergreen forests 40201 Central Deccan Plateau dry deciduous forests 40202 Central Indochina dry forests 40203 Chhota-Nagpur dry deciduous forests 40204 East Deccan dry-evergreen forests 40205 Irrawaddy dry forests 40206 Khathiar-Gir dry deciduous forests 40207 Narmada Valley dry deciduous forests 40208 Northern dry deciduous forests 40209 South Deccan Plateau dry deciduous forests 40210 Southeastern Indochina dry evergreen forests 40211 Southern Vietnam lowland dry forests 40212 Sri Lanka dry-zone dry evergreen forests 40301 Himalayan subtropical pine forests 40302 Luzon tropical pine forests 40303 Northeast India-Myanmar pine forests 40304 Sumatran tropical pine forests 40401 Eastern Himalayan broadleaf forests 40402 Northern Triangle temperate forests 40403 Western Himalayan broadleaf forests 40501 Eastern Himalayan subalpine conifer forests 40502 Western Himalayan subalpine conifer forests 40701 Terai-Duar savanna and grasslands 40901 Rann of Kutch seasonal salt marsh 41001 Kinabalu montane alpine meadows 41301 Deccan thorn scrub forests 41302 Indus Valley desert 41303 Northwestern thorn scrub forests 41304 Thar desert 41401 Goadavari-Krishna mangroves 41402 Indochina mangroves 41403 Indus River Delta-Arabian Sea mangroves 41404 Myanmar Coast mangroves 41405 Sunda Shelf mangroves 41406 Sundarbans mangroves 50201 Sonoran-Sinaloan transition subtropical dry forest 50301 Bermuda subtropical conifer forests 50302 Sierra Madre Occidental pine-oak forests 50303 Sierra Madre Oriental pine-oak forests 50401 Allegheny Highlands forests 50402 Appalachian mixed mesophytic forests 50403 Appalachian-Blue Ridge forests 50404 Central U.S. hardwood forests 50405 East Central Texas forests 50406 Eastern forest-boreal transition 50407 Eastern Great Lakes lowland forests 50408 Gulf of St. Lawrence lowland forests 50409 Mississippi lowland forests 50410 New England-Acadian forests 50411 Northeastern coastal forests 50412 Ozark Mountain forests 50413 Southeastern mixed forests 50414 Southern Great Lakes forests 50415 Upper Midwest forest-savanna transition 50416 Western Great Lakes forests 50417 Willamette Valley forests 50501 Alberta Mountain forests 50502 Alberta-British Columbia foothills forests 50503 Arizona Mountains forests 50504 Atlantic coastal pine barrens 50505 Blue Mountains forests 50506 British Columbia mainland coastal forests 50507 Cascade Mountains leeward forests 50508 Central and Southern Cascades forests 50509 Central British Columbia Mountain forests 50510 Central Pacific coastal forests 50511 Colorado Rockies forests 50512 Eastern Cascades forests 50513 Florida sand pine scrub 50514 Fraser Plateau and Basin complex 50515 Great Basin montane forests 50516 Klamath-Siskiyou forests 50517 Middle Atlantic coastal forests 50518 North Central Rockies forests 50519 Northern California coastal forests 50520 Northern Pacific coastal forests 50521 Northern transitional alpine forests 50522 Okanagan dry forests 50523 Piney Woods forests 50524 Puget lowland forests 50525 Queen Charlotte Islands 50526 Sierra Juarez and San Pedro Martir pine-oak forests 50527 Sierra Nevada forests 50528 South Central Rockies forests 50529 Southeastern conifer forests 50530 Wasatch and Uinta montane forests 50601 Alaska Peninsula montane taiga 50602 Central Canadian Shield forests 50603 Cook Inlet taiga 50604 Copper Plateau taiga 50605 Eastern Canadian forests 50606 Eastern Canadian Shield taiga 50607 Interior Alaska-Yukon lowland taiga 50608 Mid-Continental Canadian forests 50609 Midwestern Canadian Shield forests 50610 Muskwa-Slave Lake forests 50611 Newfoundland Highland forests 50612 Northern Canadian Shield taiga 50613 Northern Cordillera forests 50614 Northwest Territories taiga 50615 South Avalon-Burin oceanic barrens 50616 Southern Hudson Bay taiga 50617 Yukon Interior dry forests 50701 Western Gulf coastal grasslands 50801 California Central Valley grasslands 50802 Canadian Aspen forests and parklands 50803 Central and Southern mixed grasslands 50804 Central forest-grasslands transition 50805 Central tall grasslands 50806 Edwards Plateau savanna 50807 Flint Hills tall grasslands 50808 Montana Valley and Foothill grasslands 50809 Nebraska Sand Hills mixed grasslands 50810 Northern mixed grasslands 50811 Northern short grasslands 50812 Northern tall grasslands 50813 Palouse grasslands 50814 Texas blackland prairies 50815 Western short grasslands 51101 Alaska-St. Elias Range tundra 51102 Aleutian Islands tundra 51103 Arctic coastal tundra 51104 Arctic foothills tundra 51105 Baffin coastal tundra 51106 Beringia lowland tundra 51107 Beringia upland tundra 51108 Brooks-British Range tundra 51109 Davis Highlands tundra 51110 High Arctic tundra 51111 Interior Yukon-Alaska alpine tundra 51112 Kalaallit Nunaat high arctic tundra 51113 Kalaallit Nunaat low arctic tundra 51114 Low Arctic tundra 51115 Middle Arctic tundra 51116 Ogilvie-MacKenzie alpine tundra 51117 Pacific Coastal Mountain icefields and tundra 51118 Torngat Mountain tundra 51201 California coastal sage and chaparral 51202 California interior chaparral and woodlands 51203 California montane chaparral and woodlands 51301 Baja California desert 51302 Central Mexican matorral 51303 Chihuahuan desert 51304 Colorado Plateau shrublands 51305 Great Basin shrub steppe 51306 Gulf of California xeric scrub 51307 Meseta Central matorral 51308 Mojave desert 51309 Snake-Columbia shrub steppe 51310 Sonoran desert 51311 Tamaulipan matorral 51312 Tamaulipan mezquital 51313 Wyoming Basin shrub steppe 60101 Araucaria moist forests 60102 Atlantic Coast restingas 60103 Bahia coastal forests 60104 Bahia interior forests 60105 Bolivian Yungas 60106 Caatinga Enclaves moist forests 60107 Caqueta moist forests 60108 Catatumbo moist forests 60109 Cauca Valley montane forests 60110 Cayos Miskitos-San Andrés and Providencia moist forests 60111 Central American Atlantic moist forests 60112 Central American montane forests 60113 Chiapas montane forests 60114 Chimalapas montane forests 60115 Chocó-Darién moist forests 60116 Cocos Island moist forests 60117 Cordillera La Costa montane forests 60118 Cordillera Oriental montane forests 60119 Costa Rican seasonal moist forests 60120 Cuban moist forests 60121 Eastern Cordillera real montane forests 60122 Eastern Panamanian montane forests 60123 Fernando de Noronha-Atol das Rocas moist forests 60124 Guianan Highlands moist forests 60125 Guianan moist forests 60126 Gurupa varzeá 60127 Hispaniolan moist forests 60128 Iquitos varzeá 60129 Isthmian-Atlantic moist forests 60130 Isthmian-Pacific moist forests 60131 Jamaican moist forests 60132 Japurá-Solimoes-Negro moist forests 60133 Juruá-Purus moist forests 60134 Leeward Islands moist forests 60135 Madeira-Tapajós moist forests 60136 Magdalena Valley montane forests 60137 Magdalena-Urabá moist forests 60138 Marajó varzeá 60139 Maranhão Babaçu forests 60140 Mato Grosso seasonal forests 60141 Monte Alegre varzeá 60142 Napo moist forests 60143 Negro-Branco moist forests 60144 Northeastern Brazil restingas 60145 Northwestern Andean montane forests 60146 Oaxacan montane forests 60147 Orinoco Delta swamp forests 60148 Pantanos de Centla 60149 Guianan freshwater swamp forests 60150 Alto Paraná Atlantic forests 60151 Pernambuco coastal forests 60152 Pernambuco interior forests 60153 Peruvian Yungas 60154 Petén-Veracruz moist forests 60155 Puerto Rican moist forests 60156 Purus varzeá 60157 Purus-Madeira moist forests 60158 Rio Negro campinarana 60159 Santa Marta montane forests 60160 Serra do Mar coastal forests 60161 Sierra de los Tuxtlas 60162 Sierra Madre de Chiapas moist forests 60163 Solimões-Japurá moist forests 60164 South Florida rocklands 60165 Southern Andean Yungas 60166 Southwest Amazon moist forests 60167 Talamancan montane forests 60168 Tapajós-Xingu moist forests 60169 Pantepui 60170 Tocantins/Pindare moist forests 60171 Trinidad and Tobago moist forests 60172 Trindade-Martin Vaz Islands tropical forests 60173 Uatuma-Trombetas moist forests 60174 Ucayali moist forests 60175 Venezuelan Andes montane forests 60176 Veracruz moist forests 60177 Veracruz montane forests 60178 Western Ecuador moist forests 60179 Windward Islands moist forests 60180 Xingu-Tocantins-Araguaia moist forests 60181 Yucatán moist forests 60182 Guianan piedmont and lowland moist forests 60201 Apure-Villavicencio dry forests 60202 Atlantic dry forests 60204 Bajío dry forests 60205 Balsas dry forests 60206 Bolivian montane dry forests 60207 Cauca Valley dry forests 60209 Central American dry forests 60210 Dry Chaco 60211 Chiapas Depression dry forests 60212 Chiquitano dry forests 60213 Cuban dry forests 60214 Ecuadorian dry forests 60215 Hispaniolan dry forests 60216 Islas Revillagigedo dry forests 60217 Jalisco dry forests 60218 Jamaican dry forests 60219 Lara-Falcón dry forests 60220 Lesser Antillean dry forests 60221 Magdalena Valley dry forests 60222 Maracaibo dry forests 60223 Marañón dry forests 60224 Panamanian dry forests 60225 Patía Valley dry forests 60226 Puerto Rican dry forests 60227 Sierra de la Laguna dry forests 60228 Sinaloan dry forests 60229 Sinú Valley dry forests 60230 Southern Pacific dry forests 60232 Tumbes-Piura dry forests 60233 Veracruz dry forests 60235 Yucatán dry forests 60301 Bahamian pine mosaic 60302 Belizian pine forests 60303 Central American pine-oak forests 60304 Cuban pine forests 60305 Hispaniolan pine forests 60306 Miskito pine forests 60307 Sierra de la Laguna pine-oak forests 60308 Sierra Madre de Oaxaca pine-oak forests 60309 Sierra Madre del Sur pine-oak forests 60310 Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt pine-oak forests 60401 Juan Fernández Islands temperate forests 60402 Magellanic subpolar forests 60403 San Félix-San Ambrosio Islands temperate forests 60404 Valdivian temperate forests 60702 Beni savanna 60703 Campos Rupestres montane savanna 60704 Cerrado 60705 Clipperton Island shrub and grasslands 60707 Guianan savanna 60708 Humid Chaco 60709 Llanos 60710 Uruguayan savanna 60801 Espinal 60802 Low Monte 60803 Humid Pampas 60805 Patagonian steppe 60902 Cuban wetlands 60903 Enriquillo wetlands 60904 Everglades 60905 Guayaquil flooded grasslands 60906 Orinoco wetlands 60907 Pantanal 60908 Paraná flooded savanna 60909 Southern Cone Mesopotamian savanna 61001 Central Andean dry puna 61002 Central Andean puna 61003 Central Andean wet puna 61004 Cordillera Central páramo 61005 Cordillera de Merida páramo 61006 Northern Andean páramo 61007 Santa Marta páramo 61008 Southern Andean steppe 61010 High Monte 61201 Chilean matorral 61301 Araya and Paria xeric scrub 61303 Atacama desert 61304 Caatinga 61305 Caribbean shrublands 61306 Cuban cactus scrub 61307 Galápagos Islands scrubland mosaic 61308 Guajira-Barranquilla xeric scrub 61309 La Costa xeric shrublands 61311 Malpelo Island xeric scrub 61312 Motagua Valley thornscrub 61313 Paraguana xeric scrub 61314 San Lucan xeric scrub 61315 Sechura desert 61316 Tehuacán Valley matorral 61318 St. Peter and St. Paul rocks 61401 Amazon-Orinoco-Southern Caribbean mangroves 61402 Bahamian-Antillean mangroves 61403 Mesoamerican Gulf-Caribbean mangroves 61404 Northern Mesoamerican Pacific mangroves 61405 South American Pacific mangroves 61406 Southern Atlantic mangroves 61407 Southern Mesoamerican Pacific mangroves 70101 Carolines tropical moist forests 70102 Central Polynesian tropical moist forests 70103 Cook Islands tropical moist forests 70104 Eastern Micronesia tropical moist forests 70105 Fiji tropical moist forests 70106 Hawaii tropical moist forests 70107 Kermadec Islands subtropical moist forests 70108 Marquesas tropical moist forests 70109 Ogasawara subtropical moist forests 70110 Palau tropical moist forests 70111 Rapa Nui subtropical broadleaf forests 70112 Samoan tropical moist forests 70113 Society Islands tropical moist forests 70114 Tongan tropical moist forests 70115 Tuamotu tropical moist forests 70116 Tubuai tropical moist forests 70117 Western Polynesian tropical moist forests 70201 Fiji tropical dry forests 70202 Hawaii tropical dry forests 70203 Marianas tropical dry forests 70204 Yap tropical dry forests 70701 Hawaii tropical high shrublands 70702 Hawaii tropical low shrublands 70703 Northwestern Hawaii scrub 80101 Guizhou Plateau broadleaf and mixed forests 80102 Yunnan Plateau subtropical evergreen forests 80401 Appenine deciduous montane forests 80402 Atlantic mixed forests 80403 Azores temperate mixed forests 80404 Balkan mixed forests 80405 Baltic mixed forests 80406 Cantabrian mixed forests 80407 Caspian Hyrcanian mixed forests 80408 Caucasus mixed forests 80409 Celtic broadleaf forests 80410 Central Anatolian steppe and woodlands 80411 Central China loess plateau mixed forests 80412 Central European mixed forests 80413 Central Korean deciduous forests 80414 Changbai Mountains mixed forests 80415 Changjiang Plain evergreen forests 80416 Crimean Submediterranean forest complex 80417 Daba Mountains evergreen forests 80418 Dinaric Mountains mixed forests 80419 East European forest steppe 80420 Eastern Anatolian deciduous forests 80421 English Lowlands beech forests 80422 Euxine-Colchic broadleaf forests 80423 Hokkaido deciduous forests 80424 Huang He Plain mixed forests 80425 Madeira evergreen forests 80426 Manchurian mixed forests 80427 Nihonkai evergreen forests 80428 Nihonkai montane deciduous forests 80429 North Atlantic moist mixed forests 80430 Northeast China Plain deciduous forests 80431 Pannonian mixed forests 80432 Po Basin mixed forests 80433 Pyrenees conifer and mixed forests 80434 Qin Ling Mountains deciduous forests 80435 Rodope montane mixed forests 80436 Sarmatic mixed forests 80437 Sichuan Basin evergreen broadleaf forests 80438 South Sakhalin-Kurile mixed forests 80439 Southern Korea evergreen forests 80440 Taiheiyo evergreen forests 80441 Taiheiyo montane deciduous forests 80442 Tarim Basin deciduous forests and steppe 80443 Ussuri broadleaf and mixed forests 80444 Western Siberian hemiboreal forests 80445 Western European broadleaf forests 80446 Zagros Mountains forest steppe 80501 Alps conifer and mixed forests 80502 Altai montane forest and forest steppe 80503 Caledon conifer forests 80504 Carpathian montane forests 80505 Da Hinggan-Dzhagdy Mountains conifer forests 80506 East Afghan montane conifer forests 80507 Elburz Range forest steppe 80508 Helanshan montane conifer forests 80509 Hengduan Mountains subalpine conifer forests 80510 Hokkaido montane conifer forests 80511 Honshu alpine conifer forests 80512 Khangai Mountains conifer forests 80513 Mediterranean conifer and mixed forests 80514 Northeastern Himalayan subalpine conifer forests 80515 Northern Anatolian conifer and deciduous forests 80516 Nujiang Langcang Gorge alpine conifer and mixed forests 80517 Qilian Mountains conifer forests 80518 Qionglai-Minshan conifer forests 80519 Sayan montane conifer forests 80520 Scandinavian coastal conifer forests 80521 Tian Shan montane conifer forests 80601 East Siberian taiga 80602 Iceland boreal birch forests and alpine tundra 80603 Kamchatka-Kurile meadows and sparse forests 80604 Kamchatka-Kurile taiga 80605 Northeast Siberian taiga 80606 Okhotsk-Manchurian taiga 80607 Sakhalin Island taiga 80608 Scandinavian and Russian taiga 80609 Trans-Baikal conifer forests 80610 Ural montane forests and tundra 80611 West Siberian taiga 80801 Alai-Western Tian Shan steppe 80802 Altai steppe and semi-desert 80803 Central Anatolian steppe 80804 Daurian forest steppe 80805 Eastern Anatolian montane steppe 80806 Emin Valley steppe 80807 Faroe Islands boreal grasslands 80808 Gissaro-Alai open woodlands 80809 Kazakh forest steppe 80810 Kazakh steppe 80811 Kazakh upland 80812 Middle East steppe 80813 Mongolian-Manchurian grassland 80814 Pontic steppe 80815 Sayan Intermontane steppe 80816 Selenge-Orkhon forest steppe 80817 South Siberian forest steppe 80818 Tian Shan foothill arid steppe 80901 Amur meadow steppe 80902 Bohai Sea saline meadow 80903 Nenjiang River grassland 80904 Nile Delta flooded savanna 80905 Saharan halophytics 80906 Tigris-Euphrates alluvial salt marsh 80907 Suiphun-Khanka meadows and forest meadows 80908 Yellow Sea saline meadow 81001 Altai alpine meadow and tundra 81002 Central Tibetan Plateau alpine steppe 81003 Eastern Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows 81004 Ghorat-Hazarajat alpine meadow 81005 Hindu Kush alpine meadow 81006 Karakoram-West Tibetan Plateau alpine steppe 81007 Khangai Mountains alpine meadow 81008 Kopet Dag woodlands and forest steppe 81009 Kuh Rud and Eastern Iran montane woodlands 81010 Mediterranean High Atlas juniper steppe 81011 North Tibetan Plateau-Kunlun Mountains alpine desert 81012 Northwestern Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows 81013 Ordos Plateau steppe 81014 Pamir alpine desert and tundra 81015 Qilian Mountains subalpine meadows 81016 Sayan Alpine meadows and tundra 81017 Southeast Tibet shrublands and meadows 81018 Sulaiman Range alpine meadows 81019 Tian Shan montane steppe and meadows 81020 Tibetan Plateau alpine shrublands and meadows 81021 Western Himalayan alpine shrub and Meadows 81022 Yarlung Tsangpo arid steppe 81101 Arctic desert 81102 Bering tundra 81103 Cherskii-Kolyma mountain tundra 81104 Chukchi Peninsula tundra 81105 Kamchatka Mountain tundra and forest tundra 81106 Kola Peninsula tundra 81107 Northeast Siberian coastal tundra 81108 Northwest Russian-Novaya Zemlya tundra 81109 Novosibirsk Islands arctic desert 81110 Scandinavian Montane Birch forest and grasslands 81111 Taimyr-Central Siberian tundra 81112 Trans-Baikal Bald Mountain tundra 81113 Wrangel Island arctic desert 81114 Yamal-Gydan tundra 81201 Aegean and Western Turkey sclerophyllous and mixed forests 81202 Anatolian conifer and deciduous mixed forests 81203 Canary Islands dry woodlands and forests 81204 Corsican montane broadleaf and mixed forests 81205 Crete Mediterranean forests 81206 Cyprus Mediterranean forests 81207 Eastern Mediterranean conifer-sclerophyllous-broadleaf forests 81208 Iberian conifer forests 81209 Iberian sclerophyllous and semi-deciduous forests 81210 Illyrian deciduous forests 81211 Italian sclerophyllous and semi-deciduous forests 81212 Mediterranean acacia-argania dry woodlands and succulent thickets 81213 Mediterranean dry woodlands and steppe 81214 Mediterranean woodlands and forests 81215 Northeastern Spain and Southern France Mediterranean forests 81216 Northwest Iberian montane forests 81217 Pindus Mountains mixed forests 81218 South Appenine mixed montane forests 81219 Southeastern Iberian shrubs and woodlands 81220 Southern Anatolian montane conifer and deciduous forests 81221 Southwest Iberian Mediterranean sclerophyllous and mixed forests 81222 Tyrrhenian-Adriatic Sclerophyllous and mixed forests 81301 Afghan Mountains semi-desert 81302 Alashan Plateau semi-desert 81303 Arabian Desert and East Sahero-Arabian xeric shrublands 81304 Atlantic coastal desert 81305 Azerbaijan shrub desert and steppe 81306 Badghyz and Karabil semi-desert 81307 Baluchistan xeric woodlands 81308 Caspian lowland desert 81309 Central Afghan Mountains xeric woodlands 81310 Central Asian northern desert 81311 Central Asian riparian woodlands 81312 Central Asian southern desert 81313 Central Persian desert basins 81314 Eastern Gobi desert steppe 81315 Gobi Lakes Valley desert steppe 81316 Great Lakes Basin desert steppe 81317 Junggar Basin semi-desert 81318 Kazakh semi-desert 81319 Kopet Dag semi-desert 81320 Mesopotamian shrub desert 81321 North Saharan steppe and woodlands 81322 Paropamisus xeric woodlands 81323 Persian Gulf desert and semi-desert 81324 Qaidam Basin semi-desert 81325 Red Sea Nubo-Sindian tropical desert and semi-desert 81326 Registan-North Pakistan sandy desert 81327 Sahara desert 81328 South Iran Nubo-Sindian desert and semi-desert 81329 South Saharan steppe and woodlands 81330 Taklimakan desert 81331 Tibesti-Jebel Uweinat montane xeric woodlands 81332 West Saharan montane xeric woodlands 81333 Red Sea coastal desert Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Proportion of land area used for agriculture (circa 2000) CROPLAND reports the proportion of land that is planted in crops, for a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The statistics reported in CROPLAND are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. CROPLAND is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. CROPLAND, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Proportion of land area used for pastureland (circa 2000) PASTURELAND reports the proportion of land that is used as pasture, for a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The pasture area statistics reported in PASTURELAND are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. PASTURELAND is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. PASTURELAND, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS NDVI monthly time-series NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) consists of a set of 72 variables. These variables report the maximum NDVI value within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster for the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, the month of the survey start date, and the 11 individual months following the survey start date. NDVI is a numeric, normalized index that measures live greenness in an area and can be used as a proxy for vegetation. Hypothetically, NDVI values can range from -1.0 to 1.0. The IPUMS-DHS NDVI metric captures the maximum value of NDVI within the 10-kilometer buffer area (i.e., which pixel in the buffer has the maximum NDVI value for a given month), so the values in IPUMS-DHS for NDVI range from 0 to 1. By adding NDVI to your data cart, you are in effect adding 72 separate variables for: the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, denoted by the number of months prior to the survey start date (e.g., NDVI_01 is the maximum NDVI in the month before the survey start date; NDVI_60 is the maximum NDVI in the 60th month before the survey start date) the month of the survey start date (NDVI_00) the 11 individual months following the month of the survey start date, denoted by the number of months following the month of the survey start date (e.g., NDVI_A01 is the maximum NDVI in the month following the month of the survey start date) The source data for NDVI come fromÂ the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS [URL omitted from DDI.])Â dataset, which covers the period February 2000 to October 2018. Only IPUMS-DHS samples whose data collection period overlapped with February 2000 or later are included in the NDVI variable (e.g., Bangladesh 2000). Note, however, that a sample fielded beginning in February 2000 would have non-missing NDVI values for the survey start month and the 11 following months, but would have only missing data values for the 60 months preceding the survey start date. Researchers who need NDVI values for the full 5 years preceding the survey start--for example, to relate to health outcomes for children under age 5--should restrict their analysis to samples fielded from February 2005 forward. NDVI, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 NDVI available Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 60 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 59 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 58 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 57 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 56 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 55 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 54 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 53 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 52 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 51 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 50 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 49 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 48 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 47 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 46 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 45 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 44 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 43 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 42 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 41 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 40 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 39 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 38 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 37 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 36 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 35 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 34 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 33 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 32 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 31 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 30 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 29 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 28 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 27 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 26 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 25 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 24 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 23 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 22 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 21 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 20 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 19 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 18 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 17 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 16 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 15 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 14 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 13 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 12 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 11 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 10 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 9 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 8 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 7 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 6 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 5 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 4 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 3 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 2 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 1 month before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI month of survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 1 month after survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 2 months after survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 3 months after survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 4 months after survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 5 months after survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 6 months after survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 7 months after survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 8 months after survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 9 months after survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 10 months after survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 11 months after survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation monthly time-series PRECIP consists of a set of 72 separate variables. These variables report the average precipitation in millimeters, received within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, for the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, the month of the survey start date, and the 11 individual months following the survey start date. Note that "average" precipitation here refers to averaging the monthly precipitation values for the various subareas included in the buffer zone. By adding PRECIP to your data cart, you are in effect adding 72 separate variables for: the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, denoted by the number of months prior to the survey start date (e.g., PRECIP_01 is the average precipitation in the month before the survey start date; PRECIP_60 is the average precipitation in the 60th month before the survey start date); the month of the survey start date (PRECIP_00); the 11 individual months following the month of the survey start date, denoted by the number of months following the month of the survey start date (e.g., PRECIP_A01 is the average precipitation in the month following the month of the survey start date). The full set of monthly precipitation data, from January 1981 through August 2018, is available on the IPUMS-DHS contextual variables downloads [URL omitted from DDI.] page. Users can merge the precipitation data, available in csv format, with their IPUMS-DHS data extract to create average or total precipitation variables (e.g., average January precipitation, total 2017 precipitation), for the time frame suited to their research question. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 PRECIP available Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 60 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 59 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 58 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 57 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 56 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 55 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 54 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 53 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 52 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 51 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 50 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 49 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 48 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 47 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 46 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 45 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 44 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 43 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 42 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 41 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 40 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 39 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 38 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 37 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 36 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 35 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 34 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 33 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 32 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 31 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 30 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 29 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 28 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 27 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 26 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 25 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 24 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 23 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 22 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 21 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 20 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 19 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 18 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 17 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 16 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 15 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 14 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 13 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 12 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 11 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 10 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 9 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 8 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 7 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 6 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 5 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 4 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 3 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 2 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 1 month before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation month of survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 1 month after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 2 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 3 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 4 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 5 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 6 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 7 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 8 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 9 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 10 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 11 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum monthly temperature TEMPMIN consists of a set of 72 separate variables reporting minimum monthly temperatures. These variables report the average minimum temperature in kelvin scale, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, for the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, the month of the survey start date, and the 11 individual months following the survey start date. Note that "average" minimum temperature here refers to averaging the minimum temperature values for the various subareas included in the buffer zone. By adding TEMPMIN to your data cart, you are in effect adding 72 separate variables for: the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, denoted by the number of months prior to the survey start date (e.g., TEMPMIN_01 is the average minimum temperature in the month before the survey start date; TEMPMIN _60 is the average minimum temperature in the 60th month before the survey start date) the month of the survey start date (TEMPMIN _00) the 11 individual months following the month of the survey start date, denoted by the number of months following the month of the survey start date (e.g., TEMPMIN_A01 is the average minimum temperature in the month following the month of the survey start date) The full set of monthly temperature data, from January 1980 through December 2016, is available on the IPUMS-DHS contextual variables downloads [URL omitted from DDI.] page. Users can merge the temperature data, available in csv format, with their IPUMS-DHS data extract to create average or total precipitation variables (e.g., average minimum January temperature), for the time frame suited to their research question. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 TEMPMAX available Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 60 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 59 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 58 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 57 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 56 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 55 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 54 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 53 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 52 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 51 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 50 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 49 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 48 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 47 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 46 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 45 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 44 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 43 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 42 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 41 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 40 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 39 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 38 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 37 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 36 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 35 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 34 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 33 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 32 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 31 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 30 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 29 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 28 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 27 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 26 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 25 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 24 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 23 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 22 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 21 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 20 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 19 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 18 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 17 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 16 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 15 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 14 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 13 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 12 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 11 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 10 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 9 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 8 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 7 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 6 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 5 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 4 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 3 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 2 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 1 month before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature month of survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 1 month after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 2 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 3 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 4 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 5 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 6 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 7 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 8 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 9 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 10 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 11 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum monthly temperature TEMPMAX consists of a set of 72 separate variables reporting maximum monthly temperatures. These variables report the average maximum temperature in kelvin scale, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, for the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, the month of the survey start date, and the 11 individual months following the survey start date. Note that "average" maximum temperature here refers to averaging the maximum temperature values for the various subareas included in the buffer zone. By adding TEMPMAX to your data cart, you are in effect adding 72 separate variables for: the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, denoted by the number of months prior to the survey start date (e.g., TEMPMAX_01 is the average maximum temperature in the month before the survey start date; TEMPMAX _60 is the average maximum temperature in the 60th month before the survey start date) the month of the survey start date (TEMPMAX _00) the 11 individual months following the month of the survey start date, denoted by the number of months following the month of the survey start date (e.g., TEMPMAX_A01 is the average maximum temperature in the month following the month of the survey start date). The full set of monthly temperature data, from January 1980 through December 2016, is available on the IPUMS-DHS contextual variables downloads [URL omitted from DDI.] page. Users can merge the temperature data, available in csv format, with their IPUMS-DHS data extract to create average or total precipitation variables (e.g., average maximum July temperature), for the time frame suited to their research question. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 TEMPMAX available Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 60 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 59 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 58 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 57 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 56 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 55 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 54 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 53 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 52 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 51 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 50 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 49 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 48 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 47 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 46 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 45 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 44 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 43 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 42 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 41 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 40 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 39 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 38 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 37 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 36 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 35 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 34 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 33 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 32 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 31 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 30 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 29 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 28 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 27 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 26 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 25 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 24 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 23 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 22 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 21 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 20 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 19 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 18 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 17 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 16 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 15 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 14 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 13 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 12 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 11 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 10 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 9 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 8 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 7 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 6 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 5 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 4 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 3 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 2 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 1 month before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature month of survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 1 month after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 2 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 3 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 4 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 5 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 6 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 7 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 8 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 9 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 10 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 11 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Population density quinquennial time-series (2000-2020) POPDENSITY consists of a set of 5 separate variables. These variables report the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. By adding POPDENSITY to your data cart, you are in effect adding 5 separate variables (POPDENSITY_2000 - POPDENSITY_2020), one variable for each month. Values for POPDENSITY are based onÂ population projections from the results of the 2000 and 2010 rounds of censuses. POPDENSITY variables can be used as indicators of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, for greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. POPDENSITY, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 POPDENSITY available Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2000 POPDENSITY_2000 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2000. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2000 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2000 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2000 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2005 POPDENSITY_2005 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2005. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2005 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2005 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2005 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2010 POPDENSITY_2010 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2010. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2010 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2010 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2010 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2015 POPDENSITY_2015 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2015. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2015 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2015 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2015 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2020 POPDENSITY_2020 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2020. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2020 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2020 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Values for POPDENSITY_2020 are based on population projections from the results of the 2010 round of censuses, which occurred between 2005 and 2014. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2020 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area barley (in 2000) BARLEY_H reports total harvested area dedicated to barley, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in BARLEY_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable BARLEY_P reports total crop production of barley, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. BARLEY_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area cassava (in 2000) CASSAVA_H reports total harvested area dedicated to cassava, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in CASSAVA_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable CASSAVA_P reports total crop production of cassava, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. CASSAVA_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area cotton (in 2000) COTTON_H reports total harvested area dedicated to cotton, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in COTTON_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable COTTON_P reports total crop production of cotton, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. COTTON_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area groundnuts (in 2000) GROUNDNUT_H reports total harvested area dedicated to groundnuts, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in GROUNDNUT_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable GROUNDNUT_P reports total crop production of groundnuts, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. GROUNDNUT_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area maize (in 2000) MAIZE_H reports total harvested area dedicated to maize, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in MAIZE_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable MAIZE_P reports total crop production of maize, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. MAIZE_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area millet (in 2000) MILLET_H reports total harvested area dedicated to millet, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in MILLET_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable MILLET_P reports total crop production of millet, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. MILLET_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area oilpalm (in 2000) OILPALM_H reports total harvested area dedicated to oil palm, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in OILPALM_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable OILPALM_P reports total crop production of oil palm, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. OILPALM_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area potatoes (in 2000) POTATO_H reports total harvested area dedicated to potatoes, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in POTATO_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable POTATO_P reports total crop production of potatoes, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. POTATO_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area rapeseed (in 2000) RAPESEED_H reports total harvested area dedicated to rapeseed, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in RAPESEED_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RAPESEED_P reports total crop production of rapeseed, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RAPESEED_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area rice (in 2000) RICE_H reports total harvested area dedicated to rice, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in RICE_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RICE_P reports total crop production of rice, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RICE_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area sorghum (in 2000) SORGHUM_H reports total harvested area dedicated to sorghum, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SORGHUM_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SORGHUM_P reports total crop production of sorghum, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SORGHUM_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area soybeans (in 2000) SOYBEAN_H reports total harvested area dedicated to soybeans, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SOYBEAN_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SOYBEAN_P reports total crop production of soybean, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SOYBEAN_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area sugarbeets (in 2000) SUGARBEET_H reports total harvested area dedicated to sugar beets, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SUGARBEET_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUGARBEET_P reports total crop production of sugar beets, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUGARBEET_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area sugarcane (in 2000) SUGARCANE_H reports total harvested area dedicated to sugar cane, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SUGARCANE_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUGARCANE_P reports total crop production of sugar cane, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUGARCANE_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area sunflowers (in 2000) SUNFLOWER_H reports total harvested area dedicated to sunflowers, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SUNFLOWER_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUNFLOWER_P reports total crop production of sunflowers, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUNFLOWER_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area wheat (in 2000) WHEAT_H reports total harvested area dedicated to wheat, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in WHEAT_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable WHEAT_P reports total crop production of wheat, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. WHEAT_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area rye (in 2000) RYE_H reports total harvested area dedicated to rye, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in RYE_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RYE_P reports total crop production of rye, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RYE_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total barley production (in 2000) BARLEY_P reports the total crop production of barley, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in BARLEY_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable BARLEY_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to barley, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. BARLEY_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total cassava production (in 2000) CASSAVA_P reports the total crop production of cassava, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in CASSAVA_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable CASSAVA_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to cassava, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. CASSAVA_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total cotton production (in 2000) COTTON_P reports the total crop production of cotton, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in COTTON_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable COTTON_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to cotton, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. COTTON_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total groundnut production (in 2000) GROUNDNUT_P reports the total crop production of groundnuts, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in GROUNDNUT_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable GROUNDNUT_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to groundnuts, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. GROUNDNUT_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total maize production (in 2000) MAIZE_P reports the total crop production of maize, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in MAIZE_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable MAIZE_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to maize, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. MAIZE_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total millet production (in 2000) MILLET_P reports the total crop production of millet, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in MILLET_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable MILLET_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to millet, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. MILLET_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total oilpalm production (in 2000) OILPALM_P reports the total crop production of oil palm, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in OILPALM_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable OILPALM_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to oil palm, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. OILPALM_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total potato production (in 2000) POTATO_P reports the total crop production of potatoes, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in POTATO_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable POTATO_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to potatoes, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. POTATO_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total rapeseed production (in 2000) RAPESEED_P reports the total crop production of rapeseed, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in RAPESEED_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RAPESEED_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to rapeseed, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RAPESEED_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total rice production (in 2000) RICE_P reports the total crop production of rice, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in RICE_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RICE_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to rice, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RICE_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total sorghum production (in 2000) SORGHUM_P reports the total crop production of sorghum, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SORGHUM_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SORGHUM_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to sorghum, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SORGHUM_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total soybean production (in 2000) SOYBEAN_P reports the total crop production of soybeans, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SOYBEAN_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SOYBEAN_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to soybeans, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SOYBEAN_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total sugarbeet production (in 2000) SUGARBEET_P reports the total crop production of sugar beets, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SUGARBEET_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUGARBEET_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to sugar beets, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUGARBEET_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total sugarcane production (in 2000) SUGARCANE_P reports the total crop production of sugar cane, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SUGARCANE_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUGARCANE_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to sugar cane, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUGARCANE_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total sunflower production (in 2000) SUNFLOWER_P reports the total crop production of sunflowers, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SUNFLOWER_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUNFLOWER_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to sunflowers, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUNFLOWER_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total wheat production (in 2000) WHEAT_P reports the total crop production of wheat, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in WHEAT_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable WHEAT_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to wheat, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. WHEAT_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total rye production (in 2000) RYE_P reports the total crop production of rye, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in RYE_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RYE_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to rye, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RYE_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS IPUMS-DHS sample identifier SAMPLE identifies the DHS sample from which the case is drawn. Each sample receives a unique 5-digit code. The first three digits are ISO/UN codes used in COUNTRY, and the last two digits identify the sample within the country, ordered by survey year. The related variable SAMPLESTR is a string variable that identifies the DHS sample with the same 5-digit code. 00101 Model 2015 00401 Afghanistan 2015 02401 Angola 2015 05001 Bangladesh 1994 05002 Bangladesh 1996-97 05003 Bangladesh 1999-00 05004 Bangladesh 2004 05005 Bangladesh 2007 05006 Bangladesh 2011 05007 Bangladesh 2014 10401 Myanmar 2015 10801 Burundi 1987 10802 Burundi 2010 10803 Burundi 2016 11601 Cambodia 2000 11602 Cambodia 2005 11603 Cambodia 2010 11604 Cambodia 2014 12001 Cameroon 1991 12002 Cameroon 1998 12003 Cameroon 2004 12004 Cameroon 2011 14801 Chad 1996-97 14802 Chad 2004 14803 Chad 2014 18001 Congo Democratic Republic 2007 18002 Congo Democratic Republic 2013-14 20401 Benin 1996 20402 Benin 2001 20403 Benin 2006 20404 Benin 2011 23101 Ethiopia 2000 23102 Ethiopia 2005 23103 Ethiopia 2011 23104 Ethiopia 2016 28801 Ghana 1988 28802 Ghana 1993 28803 Ghana 1998 28804 Ghana 2003 28805 Ghana 2008 28806 Ghana 2014 32001 Guatemala 1987 32002 Guatemala 1995 32003 Guatemala 2015 32401 Guinea 1999 32402 Guinea 2005 32403 Guinea 2012 35601 India 1992-93 35602 India 1998-99 35603 India 2005-06 35604 India 2015-16 38401 Cote d'Ivoire 1994 38402 Cote d'Ivoire 1998 38403 Cote d'Ivoire 2011 40001 Jordan 1990 40002 Jordan 1997 40003 Jordan 2002 40004 Jordan 2007 40005 Jordan 2009 40006 Jordan 2012 40007 Jordan 2017-18 40401 Kenya 1989 40402 Kenya 1993 40403 Kenya 1998 40404 Kenya 2003 40405 Kenya 2008-9 40406 Kenya 2014 42601 Lesotho 2004 42602 Lesotho 2009 42603 Lesotho 2014 45001 Madagascar 1992 45002 Madagascar 1997 45003 Madagascar 2003 45004 Madagascar 2008 45401 Malawi 1992 45402 Malawi 2000 45403 Malawi 2004 45404 Malawi 2010 45405 Malawi 2016 46601 Mali 1987 46602 Mali 1995-6 46603 Mali 2001 46604 Mali 2006 46605 Mali 2012 50401 Morocco 1987 50402 Morocco 1992 50403 Morocco 2003 50801 Mozambique 1997 50802 Mozambique 2003 50803 Mozambique 2011 51601 Namibia 1992 51602 Namibia 2000 51603 Namibia 2006 51604 Namibia 2013 52401 Nepal 1996 52402 Nepal 2001 52403 Nepal 2006 52404 Nepal 2011 52405 Nepal 2016 56201 Niger 1992 56202 Niger 1998 56203 Niger 2006 56204 Niger 2012 56601 Nigeria 1990 56602 Nigeria 1999 56603 Nigeria 2003 56604 Nigeria 2008 56605 Nigeria 2013 58601 Pakistan 1990-91 58602 Pakistan 2006-07 58603 Pakistan 2012-13 58604 Pakistan 2017-18 60401 Peru 1991-92 60402 Peru 1996 60403 Peru 2000 60404 Peru 2004-08 60405 Peru 2010 60406 Peru 2011 60407 Peru 2012 64601 Rwanda 1992 64602 Rwanda 2000 64603 Rwanda 2005 64604 Rwanda 2010 64605 Rwanda 2014 68601 Senegal 1986 68602 Senegal 1992-93 68603 Senegal 1997 68604 Senegal 2005 68605 Senegal 2010-11 68606 Senegal 2012-13 68607 Senegal 2014 68608 Senegal 2015 68609 Senegal 2016 68610 Senegal 2017 71001 South Africa 1998 71002 South Africa 2016 71601 Zimbabwe 1988 71602 Zimbabwe 1994 71603 Zimbabwe 1999 71604 Zimbabwe 2005-6 71605 Zimbabwe 2010-11 71606 Zimbabwe 2015 72901 Sudan 1989-90 78801 Tunisia 1988 79201 Turkey 1993 79202 Turkey 1998 79203 Turkey 2003 80001 Uganda 1988 80002 Uganda 1995 80003 Uganda 2001 80004 Uganda 2006 80005 Uganda 2011 80006 Uganda 2016 81801 Egypt 1988 81802 Egypt 1992 81803 Egypt 1995 81804 Egypt 2000 81805 Egypt 2005 81806 Egypt 2008 81807 Egypt 2014 83401 Tanzania 1991 83402 Tanzania 1996 83403 Tanzania 1999 83404 Tanzania 2004 83405 Tanzania 2010 83406 Tanzania 2015 85401 Burkina Faso 1993 85402 Burkina Faso 1998 85403 Burkina Faso 2003 85404 Burkina Faso 2010 88701 Yemen 1991-92 88702 Yemen 2013 89401 Zambia 1992 89402 Zambia 1996 89403 Zambia 2001 89404 Zambia 2007 89405 Zambia 2013 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS IPUMS-DHS sample identifier (string) SAMPLESTR is a string variable that identifies the DHS sample from which the case is drawn. Each sample receives a unique 5-digit code. The first three digits are ISO/UN codes used in COUNTRY, and the last two digits identify the sample within the country, ordered by survey year. The related variable SAMPLE is a numeric variable that identifies the DHS sample with the same 5-digit code. 11603 Cambodia 2010 11602 Cambodia 2005 11601 Cambodia 2000 10803 Burundi 2016 10802 Burundi 2010 10801 Burundi 1987 10401 Myanmar 2015 05007 Bangladesh 2014 05006 Bangladesh 2011 05005 Bangladesh 2007 05004 Bangladesh 2004 05003 Bangladesh 1999-00 05001 Bangladesh 1994 05002 Bangladesh 1996-97 14801 Chad 1996-97 12004 Cameroon 2011 12003 Cameroon 2004 14803 Chad 2014 18001 Congo Democratic Republic 2007 18002 Congo Democratic Republic 2013-14 20401 Benin 1996 81807 Egypt 2014 81806 Egypt 2008 81805 Egypt 2005 81804 Egypt 2000 81803 Egypt 1995 81802 Egypt 1992 81801 Egypt 1988 80006 Uganda 2016 80005 Uganda 2011 80004 Uganda 2006 80003 Uganda 2001 80002 Uganda 1995 80001 Uganda 1988 79203 Turkey 2003 79202 Turkey 1998 79201 Turkey 1993 78801 Tunisia 1988 72901 Sudan 1989-90 71606 Zimbabwe 2015 71605 Zimbabwe 2010-11 71604 Zimbabwe 2005-6 71603 Zimbabwe 1999 71602 Zimbabwe 1994 71601 Zimbabwe 1988 71001 South Africa 1998 68610 Senegal 2017 68609 Senegal 2016 68608 Senegal 2015 68607 Senegal 2014 14802 Chad 2004 68606 Senegal 2012-13 68605 Senegal 2010-11 68604 Senegal 2005 68603 Senegal 1997 68602 Senegal 1992-93 68601 Senegal 1986 64605 Rwanda 2014 64604 Rwanda 2010 64603 Rwanda 2005 64602 Rwanda 2000 64601 Rwanda 1992 60407 Peru 2012 60406 Peru 2011 60405 Peru 2010 60404 Peru 2004-08 60403 Peru 2000 60402 Peru 1996 60401 Peru 1991-92 58603 Pakistan 2012-13 58602 Pakistan 2006-07 58601 Pakistan 1990-91 56605 Nigeria 2013 56604 Nigeria 2008 56603 Nigeria 2003 56602 Nigeria 1999 56601 Nigeria 1990 56204 Niger 2012 56203 Niger 2006 56202 Niger 1998 12002 Cameroon 1998 12001 Cameroon 1991 11604 Cambodia 2014 02401 Angola 2015 00401 Afghanistan 2015 00101 Model 2015 56201 Niger 1992 52404 Nepal 2011 52403 Nepal 2006 52402 Nepal 2001 52401 Nepal 1996 51604 Namibia 2013 51603 Namibia 2006 51602 Namibia 2000 51601 Namibia 1992 50803 Mozambique 2011 50802 Mozambique 2003 50801 Mozambique 1997 50403 Morocco 2003 50402 Morocco 1992 50401 Morocco 1987 46605 Mali 2012 46604 Mali 2006 46603 Mali 2001 46602 Mali 1995-6 46601 Mali 1987 45405 Malawi 2016 45404 Malawi 2010 45403 Malawi 2004 45402 Malawi 2000 45401 Malawi 1992 45004 Madagascar 2008 45003 Madagascar 2003 45002 Madagascar 1997 45001 Madagascar 1992 42603 Lesotho 2014 42602 Lesotho 2009 42601 Lesotho 2004 40406 Kenya 2014 40405 Kenya 2008-9 40404 Kenya 2003 40403 Kenya 1998 40402 Kenya 1993 40401 Kenya 1989 40006 Jordan 2012 40005 Jordan 2009 40004 Jordan 2007 40003 Jordan 2002 40002 Jordan 1997 40001 Jordan 1990 38403 Cote d'Ivoire 2011 38402 Cote d'Ivoire 1998 38401 Cote d'Ivoire 1994 35604 India 2015-16 35603 India 2005-06 35602 India 1998-99 35601 India 1992-93 32403 Guinea 2012 32402 Guinea 2005 32401 Guinea 1999 32003 Guatemala 2015 32002 Guatemala 1995 32001 Guatemala 1987 28806 Ghana 2014 28805 Ghana 2008 28804 Ghana 2003 28803 Ghana 1998 28802 Ghana 1993 28801 Ghana 1988 23104 Ethiopia 2016 23103 Ethiopia 2011 23102 Ethiopia 2005 23101 Ethiopia 2000 20404 Benin 2011 20403 Benin 2006 20402 Benin 2001 83401 Tanzania 1991 83402 Tanzania 1996 83403 Tanzania 1999 83404 Tanzania 2004 83405 Tanzania 2010 83406 Tanzania 2015 85401 Burkina Faso 1993 85402 Burkina Faso 1998 85403 Burkina Faso 2003 85404 Burkina Faso 2010 88701 Yemen 1991-92 88702 Yemen 2013 89401 Zambia 1992 89402 Zambia 1996 89403 Zambia 2001 89404 Zambia 2007 89405 Zambia 2013 40007 Jordan 2017 52405 Nepal 2016 58604 Pakistan 2017-18 71002 South Africa 2016 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Country COUNTRY reports the country where the survey was fielded. The codes assigned to each country are those used by the UN Statistics Division and the ISO (International Organization for Standardization). 001 Model 004 Afghanistan 024 Angola 050 Bangladesh 104 Myanmar 108 Burundi 116 Cambodia 120 Cameroon 148 Chad 180 Congo Democratic Republic 204 Benin 231 Ethiopia 288 Ghana 320 Guatemala 324 Guinea 356 India 384 Cote d'Ivoire 400 Jordan 404 Kenya 426 Lesotho 450 Madagascar 454 Malawi 466 Mali 504 Morocco 508 Mozambique 516 Namibia 524 Nepal 562 Niger 566 Nigeria 586 Pakistan 604 Peru 646 Rwanda 686 Senegal 710 South Africa 716 Zimbabwe 729 Sudan 788 Tunisia 792 Turkey 800 Uganda 818 Egypt 834 Tanzania 854 Burkina Faso 887 Yemen 894 Zambia Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Year of sample YEAR reports the year when the survey was fielded, as a four-digit variable. In some cases, the DHS was conducted over the course of two years (e.g., Ethiopia 2010-2011), but YEAR always gives a single year. For full information about the timing of the surveys, please consult the IPUMS-DHS Sample Descriptions page. 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 2017 2017 2018 2018 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Unique cross-sample household identifier IDHSHID is an identifying number unique to a specific household in a given sample. It is a concatenation of SAMPLE, CLUSTERNO and HHNUM. IDHSHID is a 19-character string variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Key to link DHS clusters to context data (string) DHSID is the 14-character DHS identification code for DHS clusters constructed from the 2-character country code, the 4-digit survey year, and the 8-digit cluster identification number. DHSID is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample and uniquely identifies clusters across samples. It serves as the unique linking key between IPUMS-DHS microdata and DHS cluster shapefiles. This is a 14-digit numeric variable with 0 implied decimal places Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Unique sample-case PSU identifier IDHSPSU is an identifying number unique to the primary sampling unit in a given sample. This variable is a concatenation of SAMPLE (which uniquely identifies each country- and year-specific sample) and PSU (the numbered primary sampling units within a given sample). Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Unique cross-sample sampling strata IDHSSTRATA is an identifying number unique to the sampling strata in a given sample. This variable is a concatenation of SAMPLE (which uniquely identifies each country- and year-specific sample) and STRATA (groups of geographically similar areas, from which primary sampling units are drawn). Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific respondent identifier CASEID is the unique identifier for each woman in a given sample year. Using CASEID and CLUSTERNO, analysts can link IPUMS-DHS data to the original DHS datasets to attach variables that are not currently available in IPUMS-DHS. For example, researchers can use CASEID and CLUSTERNO to link variables from the IPUMS-DHS with other variables from the Woman's Recode file to merge country-specific variables, or to the Household or Couples Recode file to attach variables that are not yet part of IPUMS-DHS. In most samples, users can identify women who are in the same household by using the first 12 characters of CASEID (and CLUSTERNO (V001)), as this indicates a unique household identifier. CASEID is generally created by The DHS Program using the variables CLUSTERNO (V001), HHNUM (V002), and LINENO (V003), with the last three characters indicating the respondent's line number in the household file. For instructions on how to create links between IPUMS-DHS data and DHS source data, see the User Note on "Merging IDHS and DHS Data." [URL omitted from DDI.] CASEID is a 18-character string variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific household identifier HHID is an identifying number unique to each household in a given sample. HHID is a 15-character string variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific primary sampling unit PSU (V021) is the variable indicating the primary sampling unit or PSU. It should be used along with the variable DOMAIN (V023) to account for the impact of the sample design clustering on the variance estimates and standard errors. The DHS Recode Manuals for Phase 2 forward describe this variable as follows: Primary sampling unit is a number assigned to sample points to identify the primary sampling units for use in the calculation of sampling errors. This variable is usually the same as the cluster number and/or the ultimate area unit, but may differ if the sample design required a multistage selection process. See the notes on DHS webpage "Using sample weights" [URL omitted from DDI.] on variance estimation for additional information. PSU (V021) is a 6-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific sampling strata STRATA (V022) defines the pairings or groupings of primary sampling units used in the calculation of sampling errors when using the Taylor series expansion method. In two-stage sampling, The DHS Program may first group small geographic areas, such as enumeration areas from the last census, into broad strata defined jointly by region and urban versus rural areas within a region. In the second stage of sampling, a subset of geographic areas (sample clusters) are selected as the sites for interviewing from within defined strata. STRATA is not the same as DOMAIN (V023). (Domains represent statistically representative areas for which valid summary statistics can be calculated for a survey, such as provinces and national urban versus rural combined areas, as described in the survey's final report.) The DHS Program recommends using STRATA along with the variable PSU (V021) to account for the impact of the sample design clustering on the estimates of variance and standard errors. Users are strongly encouraged to review the FAQ section provided by The DHS Program on specifying stratification and clustering here [URL omitted from DDI.], using Stata or SPSS to account for sample design. STRATA (V022) is a 5-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific domain DOMAIN (V023) defines the basic geographic units for which the sample was designed to yield representative estimates. The DHS Recode Manual describes DOMAIN as follows: For example, if the sample was designed to be self-weighting within region, this variable would define those regions; if the sample was designed to be self-weighting within major urban areas, other urban areas and rural areas, this variable would define the major urban, other urban and rural areas. If the sample is self-weighted at the national level, this variable is code 0. When national estimates are desired, users should include survey design variables, including DOMAIN (V023) and PSU (V021), and the correct sample weights (e.g., PERWEIGHT (V005)) to adjust sampling errors to account for DHS' sample design. In most countries, DOMAIN defines the stratification for the sample (generally either regional or national). However, some countries use two levels of stratification, such as region and urban/rural areas. Users should check for the correct stratification design by consulting the Final Report(s) for the sample(s) of interest (particularly the Introduction and Sample Design sections and Implementation Appendix). DOMAIN is a 5-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Household number in cluster IDENTIFICATION DIVISION: DISTRICT: THANA: UNION OR WARD: VILLAGE OR MOHALLA OR BLOCK: CLUSTER NUMBER: HOUSEHOLD NUMBER: DHAKA/CHITTAGONG OR SMALL CITY OR TOWN OR VILLAGE? DHAKA OR CHITTAGONG 1 SMALL CITY 2 TOWN 3 VILLAGE 4 NAME OF HOUSEHOLD HEAD: NAME AND LINE NUMBER OF ELIGIBLE WOMAN: HHNUM (V002) is the number identifying the household in which the respondent was interviewed, within each sample. To identify unique households in most samples, researchers must use HHNUM with CLUSTERNO (V001). For most samples, HHNUM and CLUSTERNO can be used to merge IPUMS-DHS data from the women's file to DHS Household Recode files, to incorporate household variables not yet available in the IPUMS-DHS. However, in some household files, HHNUM and CLUSTERNO do not uniquely identify households in the DHS Household Recode file. For information about the IPUMS-DHS samples where HHNUM and CLUSTERNO are not sufficient to uniquely identify households, and for guidance on what further steps to take for linking files in such cases, please consult the User Note on Linking. [URL omitted from DDI.] HHNUM is a 4-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific cluster number IDENTIFICATION DIVISION: DISTRICT: THANA: UNION OR WARD: VILLAGE OR MOHALLA OR BLOCK: CLUSTER NUMBER: HOUSEHOLD NUMBER: DHAKA/CHITTAGONG OR SMALL CITY OR TOWN OR VILLAGE? DHAKA OR CHITTAGONG 1 SMALL CITY 2 TOWN 3 VILLAGE 4 NAME OF HOUSEHOLD HEAD: NAME AND LINE NUMBER OF ELIGIBLE WOMAN: CLUSTERNO (V001) reports the cluster number for the person's de facto residence. According to the DHS Sampling Manual, "A cluster is the smallest geographical survey statistical unit for DHS surveys. It consists of a number of adjacent households in a geographical area. For DHS surveys, a cluster corresponds either to an [enumeration area], or a segment of a large [enumeration area]." The most recent census for a country, which divided all territory into enumeration areas to ensure full coverage of the population, often provides the sampling frame for a DHS survey. CLUSTERNO is the variable indicating the primary sampling unit or PSU. It should be used along with the variable STRATA to account for the impact of the sample design clustering on the estimates of variance and standard errors. See the notes on DHS webpage "Use sample weights" [URL omitted from DDI.] on variance estimation for additional information. CLUSTERNO (V001) and HHNUM (V002) can be used to merge the women's individual recode file to the household recode file. See the DHS webpage Merging Datasets [URL omitted from DDI.] on variables to be used for linking data sets. CLUSTERNO is an 8 digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific ultimate area unit ULTAREAUNIT (V004) reports the ultimate area unit for the person's de facto residence. According to the DHS recode manuals, ULTAREAUNIT is a number assigned to each sample point to identify the ultimate area units in the collection of data. It is usually the same as the cluster number [CLUSTERNO (V001)], but may be a sequentially numbered variable for samples with a more complicated structure. ULTAREAUNIT can be used to account for the impact of the sampling design clustering on the variance estimates and standard errors. ULTAREAUNIT (V004) is a 4-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Household line number of woman respondent IDENTIFICATION DIVISION: DISTRICT: THANA: UNION OR WARD: VILLAGE OR MOHALLA OR BLOCK: CLUSTER NUMBER: HOUSEHOLD NUMBER: DHAKA/CHITTAGONG OR SMALL CITY OR TOWN OR VILLAGE? DHAKA OR CHITTAGONG 1 SMALL CITY 2 TOWN 3 VILLAGE 4 NAME OF HOUSEHOLD HEAD: NAME AND LINE NUMBER OF ELIGIBLE WOMAN: LINENO (V003) reports the number of the line on which the DHS interviewer recorded the woman's name, when filling out the household schedule. After asking "Please give me the names of the persons who usually live in your household or are staying with you now, starting with the head of the household," the interviewer recorded each name in turn on successively numbered lines printed on the household survey form. 001 1 002 2 003 3 004 4 005 5 006 6 007 7 008 8 009 9 010 10 011 11 012 12 013 13 014 14 015 15 016 16 017 17 018 18 019 19 020 20 021 21 022 22 023 23 024 24 025 25 026 26 027 27 028 28 029 29 030 30 031 31 032 32 033 33 034 34 035 35 036 36 037 37 038 38 039 39 040 40 041 41 042 42 043 43 044 44 045 45 046 46 047 47 048 48 049 49 050 50 051 51 052 52 053 53 054 54 055 55 056 56 057 57 058 58 059 59 060 60 061 61 062 62 063 63 064 64 065 65 066 66 067 67 068 68 069 69 070 70 071 71 072 72 073 73 074 74 075 75 076 76 077 77 078 78 079 79 080 80 081 81 082 82 083 83 084 84 085 85 086 86 087 87 088 88 089 89 090 90 091 91 092 92 093 93 094 94 095 95 096 96 097 97 098 98 099 99 100 100 101 101 102 102 103 103 104 104 105 105 106 106 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Respondent's line number (answering Household questionnaire) INTERVIEWER VISITS FIRST VISIT (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD VISITS) DATE INTERVIEWER'S NAME RESULT* 1 COMPLETED 2 NO HOUSEHOLD MEMBER AT HOME OR NO COMPETENT RESPONDENT AT HOME AT TIME OF VISIT 3 ENTIRE HOUSEHOLD ABSENT FOR EXTENDED PERIOD OF TIME 4 POSTPONED 5 REFUSED 6 DWELLING VACANT OR ADDRESS NOT A DWELLING 7 DWELLING DESTROYED 8 DWELLING NOT FOUND 9 OTHER (SPECIFY) NEXT VISIT DATE TIME FINAL VISIT DAY MONTH YEAR INTERVIEWER'S CODE RESULT* TOTAL NUMBER OF VISITS: TOTAL PERSONS IN HOUSEHOLD: TOTAL ELIGIBLE WOMEN: TOTAL ELIGIBLE MEN: LINE NUMBER OF RESPONDENT TO HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULE: LINENOHHRESP (HV003) reports the line number in the household schedule of the person responding to the questions asked in the household questionnaire. If nobody in the household was available for the interview, this variable is coded "00." 00 Not in household 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 98 Missing Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Household line number of respondent's husband 506. RECORD THE HUSBAND'S NAME AND LINE NUMBER FROM THE HOUSEHOLD QUESTIONNAIRE. IF HE IS NOT LISTED IN THE HOUSEHOLD, RECORD '00'. NAME ___ LINE NUMBER ___ LINENOHUS (V034) reports the number of the line on which the DHS interviewer recorded the name of the women's husband/partner, when filling out the household schedule. After asking "Please give me the names of the persons who usually live in your household or are staying with you now, starting with the head of the household," the interviewer recorded each name in turn on successively numbered lines printed on the household survey form. 00 Husband not in the household 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample weight for persons PERWEIGHT (V005) is an 8-digit variable with 6 implied decimal places, which should be used as a weighting factor to produce representative numbers accurately describing the surveyed population. While the DHS Recode Manuals direct the researcher to divide the original weight variable by 1,000,000 before applying the weighting factor to the original DHS data files, it is not necessary to modify the value of PERWEIGHT before applying this weight to cases in IPUMS-DHS. PERWEIGHT should be used to weight nearly all tabulations made using IPUMS-DHS data. Occasionally, as with the domestic violence variables, a subset of respondents are randomly selected to answer questions from a survey module, and a specialized weight such as DVWEIGHT should be used instead. Note: The 6 implied decimal places in PERWEIGHT mean that the last six digits of the eight-digit variable are decimal digits, but there is no actual decimal in the data. PERWEIGHT is an 8-digit numeric variable with 6 implied decimal places. See the variable description for directions on the use of PERWEIGHT. Weights and subsample selection Variables -- TOPICS All woman factor for total population AWFACTT is a 5-digit variable (in IPUMS-DHS) with 2 implied decimal places that is used to create total population estimates for all women of childbearing age, for those samples interviewing only ever-married women. A post from DHS senior staff member Tom Pullum on the DHS Users Forum explains, The all-woman factors are needed when you are trying to estimate something for all women, but you have to work with ever-married women because that's all you have in the sample. An example is when you want to estimate a fertility rate for all women but you only have the births and exposure for ever-married women. You have to assume that (a) never-married women have no births and (b) awfact/100 is a multiplier to inflate exposure for ever-married women to exposure for all women. For surveys that used a sampling frame of all women of childbearing age, AWFACTT has a value of 100 (or 1.00, with two decimal places), and thus has no effect on the survey statistics when used as a multiplier. For samples that included only ever-married women, AWFACTT serves as a multiplier to create total population figures for all women of childbearing age, following the assumptions noted above. The width of AWFACTT ranges from a low of 3 to a high of 5 in the original DHS files; see Comparability for further discussion. AWFACTT is a 5-digit numeric variable with 2 implied decimal places. See the variable description for directions on the use of AWFACTT. Weights and subsample selection Variables -- TOPICS Household selected for men's/husband's survey (individual-level) MENSELHH (HV027) indicates whether the respondent's household was selected for the men's or husband's survey. Samples including neither a men's survey nor a husband's survey are excluded from this variable in IPUMS-DHS. 0 Not selected 1 Selected for men's survey 2 Selected for husband's survey Weights and subsample selection Variables -- TOPICS Year of interview INTERVIEWER VISITS FIRST VISIT (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD VISITS) DATE INTERVIEWER'S NAME RESULT* 1 COMPLETED 2 NOT AT HOME 3 POSTPONED 4 REFUSED 5 PARTLY COMPLETED 6 RESPONDENT INCAPACITATED 7 OTHER (SPECIFY) NEXT VISIT DATE TIME FINAL VISIT DATE MONTH 01 JANUARY 02 FEBRUARY 03 MARCH 04 APRIL 05 MAY 06 JUNE 07 JULY 08 AUGUST 09 SEPTEMBER 10 OCTOBER 11 NOVEMBER 12 DECEMBER YEAR CODE RESULT* INTYEAR (V007) reports the year the interview took place. The dates reported in INTYEAR are based on the Gregorian calendar. Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Month of interview INTERVIEWER VISITS FIRST VISIT (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD VISITS) DATE INTERVIEWER'S NAME RESULT* 1 COMPLETED 2 NOT AT HOME 3 POSTPONED 4 REFUSED 5 PARTLY COMPLETED 6 RESPONDENT INCAPACITATED 7 OTHER (SPECIFY) NEXT VISIT DATE TIME FINAL VISIT DATE MONTH 01 JANUARY 02 FEBRUARY 03 MARCH 04 APRIL 05 MAY 06 JUNE 07 JULY 08 AUGUST 09 SEPTEMBER 10 OCTOBER 11 NOVEMBER 12 DECEMBER YEAR CODE RESULT* MONTHINT (V006) reports the month when the interview took place. 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Day of interview INTERVIEWER VISITS FIRST VISIT (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD VISITS) DATE INTERVIEWER'S NAME RESULT* 1 COMPLETED 2 NOT AT HOME 3 POSTPONED 4 REFUSED 5 PARTLY COMPLETED 6 RESPONDENT INCAPACITATED 7 OTHER (SPECIFY) NEXT VISIT DATE TIME FINAL VISIT DATE MONTH 01 JANUARY 02 FEBRUARY 03 MARCH 04 APRIL 05 MAY 06 JUNE 07 JULY 08 AUGUST 09 SEPTEMBER 10 OCTOBER 11 NOVEMBER 12 DECEMBER YEAR CODE RESULT* INTDAY (V016) reports the day of the month on which the interview took place. INTDAY uses dates expressed in the Gregorian calendar. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Century month date of interview INTERVIEWER VISITS FIRST VISIT (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD VISITS) DATE INTERVIEWER'S NAME RESULT* 1 COMPLETED 2 NOT AT HOME 3 POSTPONED 4 REFUSED 5 PARTLY COMPLETED 6 RESPONDENT INCAPACITATED 7 OTHER (SPECIFY) NEXT VISIT DATE TIME FINAL VISIT DATE MONTH 01 JANUARY 02 FEBRUARY 03 MARCH 04 APRIL 05 MAY 06 JUNE 07 JULY 08 AUGUST 09 SEPTEMBER 10 OCTOBER 11 NOVEMBER 12 DECEMBER YEAR CODE RESULT* INTDATECMC (V008) reports century month code for the date on which the interview took place. Century month codes (CMC) are particularly useful for checking the consistency of dates, calculating intervals between events, and imputing dates when the information for an event is missing or partially complete. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC minus ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006). [URL omitted from DDI.]. The century month codes reported in INTDATECMC are calculated using the Gregorian calculator. INTDATECMC (V008) is a 4-digit variable. Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Century month code (CMC) for start of survey INTSTARTCMC reports the century month code (CMC) for the first month the survey was fielded, according to the DHS Program website. The contextual variables in IPUMS DHS use the month in INTSTARTCMC as the month of the survey start date. The related variable INTENDCMC reports the century month code for the last month the survey was fielded, according to the DHS Program website. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006). [URL omitted from DDI.]. The century month codes reported in INTSTARTCMC are calculated using the Gregorian calculator. 1415 1415 1414 1414 1399 1399 1397 1397 1408 1408 1402 1402 1398 1398 1393 1393 1392 1392 1391 1391 1390 1390 1388 1388 1387 1387 1386 1386 1381 1381 1379 1379 1378 1378 1377 1377 1374 1374 1373 1373 1372 1372 1369 1369 1365 1365 1364 1364 1361 1361 1358 1358 1355 1355 1354 1354 1353 1353 1350 1350 1346 1346 1344 1344 1339 1339 1338 1338 1333 1333 1332 1332 1330 1330 1329 1329 1328 1328 1327 1327 1326 1326 1325 1325 1320 1320 1318 1318 1307 1307 1305 1305 1302 1302 1299 1299 1296 1296 1290 1290 1288 1288 1287 1287 1285 1285 1283 1283 1281 1281 1280 1280 1277 1277 1274 1274 1273 1273 1271 1271 1269 1269 1268 1268 1264 1264 1262 1262 1258 1258 1257 1257 1255 1255 1250 1250 1249 1249 1248 1248 1247 1247 1246 1246 1244 1244 1243 1243 1242 1242 1241 1241 1240 1240 1239 1239 1231 1231 1223 1223 1220 1220 1213 1213 1209 1209 1207 1207 1206 1206 1202 1202 1199 1199 1197 1197 1193 1193 1191 1191 1187 1187 1185 1185 1184 1184 1179 1179 1178 1178 1177 1177 1173 1173 1170 1170 1167 1167 1165 1165 1164 1164 1163 1163 1160 1160 1159 1159 1158 1158 1153 1153 1151 1151 1143 1143 1135 1135 1134 1134 1127 1127 1125 1125 1124 1124 1118 1118 1116 1116 1115 1115 1113 1113 1111 1111 1110 1110 1109 1109 1108 1108 1107 1107 1105 1105 1103 1103 1102 1102 1096 1096 1092 1092 1090 1090 1084 1084 1079 1079 1068 1068 1066 1066 1065 1065 1062 1062 1058 1058 1049 1049 1047 1047 1036 1036 Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Century month code (CMC) for end of survey INTENDCMC reports the century month code (CMC) for the last month the survey was fielded, according to the DHS Program website. The related variable INTSTARTCMC reports the century month code for the first month the survey was fielded, according to the DHS Program website. The contextual variables in IPUMS DHS use the month in INTSTARTCMC as the month of the survey start date. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006). [URL omitted from DDI.]. The century month codes reported in INTENDCMC are calculated using the Gregorian calculator. 1418 1418 1417 1417 1403 1403 1420 1420 1039 1039 1051 1051 1052 1052 1062 1062 1066 1066 1069 1069 1070 1070 1073 1073 1085 1085 1090 1090 1092 1092 1097 1097 1101 1101 1105 1105 1107 1107 1108 1108 1109 1109 1110 1110 1114 1114 1115 1115 1118 1118 1119 1119 1124 1124 1125 1125 1126 1126 1130 1130 1131 1131 1139 1139 1148 1148 1153 1153 1157 1157 1158 1158 1160 1160 1163 1163 1165 1165 1167 1167 1168 1168 1171 1171 1174 1174 1176 1176 1182 1182 1183 1183 1185 1185 1187 1187 1190 1190 1191 1191 1193 1193 1195 1195 1199 1199 1200 1200 1203 1203 1204 1204 1205 1205 1207 1207 1208 1208 1211 1211 1212 1212 1215 1215 1217 1217 1218 1218 1223 1223 1229 1229 1233 1233 1242 1242 1244 1244 1245 1245 1246 1246 1247 1247 1249 1249 1250 1250 1251 1251 1253 1253 1256 1256 1261 1261 1262 1262 1265 1265 1266 1266 1267 1267 1268 1268 1272 1272 1274 1274 1275 1275 1276 1276 1277 1277 1280 1280 1282 1282 1283 1283 1284 1284 1286 1286 1287 1287 1292 1292 1294 1294 1295 1295 1300 1300 1302 1302 1306 1306 1307 1307 1310 1310 1316 1316 1320 1320 1321 1321 1325 1325 1331 1331 1333 1333 1335 1335 1336 1336 1337 1337 1338 1338 1340 1340 1343 1343 1344 1344 1347 1347 1349 1349 1350 1350 1354 1354 1356 1356 1358 1358 1360 1360 1362 1362 1365 1365 1367 1367 1370 1370 1372 1372 1374 1374 1378 1378 1379 1379 1380 1380 1384 1384 1390 1390 1392 1392 1394 1394 1398 1398 1399 1399 1402 1402 1404 1404 1405 1405 1406 1406 1416 1416 Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Time interview started (hhmm - 24 hour clock) 101. RECORD THE TIME STARTED. HOUR ___ MINUTES ___ INTSTART (V801) reports the time of the start of the interview. The first two digits give the time in hours using the 24-hour clock, and the last two digits give the minutes within that hour. For example, a code of "1349" indicates the interview began at 1:49 P.M. 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Time interview ended (hhmm - 24 hour clock) 820. RECORD THE TIME. HOUR ___ MINUTES ___ INTEND (V802) reports the time of the end of the interview. The first two digits give the time in hours using the 24-hour clock, and the last two digits give the minutes within that hour. For example, a code of "1349" indicates the interview ended at 1:49 P.M. 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Length of interview (minutes) INTDURATION (V803) reports the duration of the female interview (in minutes). The duration is top-coded at 95 minutes. Interviews that required more than one visit (INTVISITNO (V804) are coded as "96" for "2+ visits." INTDURATION is calculated based on the interview's start and end times in INTSTART (V801) and INTEND (V802). 00 0 minutes 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 83 84 84 85 85 86 86 87 87 88 88 89 89 90 90 91 91 92 92 93 93 94 94 95 95+ 96 2+ visits 97 Inconsistent 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Number of visits for the interview INTVISITNO (V804) reports the number of visits required to complete the female interview. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Result of individual interview INTERVIEWER VISITS FIRST VISIT (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD VISITS) DATE INTERVIEWER'S NAME RESULT* 1 COMPLETED 2 NOT AT HOME 3 POSTPONED 4 REFUSED 5 PARTLY COMPLETED 6 RESPONDENT INCAPACITATED 7 OTHER (SPECIFY) NEXT VISIT DATE TIME FINAL VISIT DATE MONTH 01 JANUARY 02 FEBRUARY 03 MARCH 04 APRIL 05 MAY 06 JUNE 07 JULY 08 AUGUST 09 SEPTEMBER 10 OCTOBER 11 NOVEMBER 12 DECEMBER YEAR CODE RESULT* INTRESULT (V015) reports the result of the individual interview. Code 1 represents a completed interview. Only completed interview cases are included in the DHS women's individual recode files, which provide the source material for IPUMS-DHS. 7 Other 6 Respondent Incapacitated 5 Partly completed 4 Refused 3 Postponed 2 Not at home 1 Completed General technical Variables -- TOPICS Ever-married or all-women sample EVMARALLSAMP (V020) indicates whether the sample includes only ever-married women or includes all women of childbearing age. 1 All women sample 2 Ever-married women sample General technical Variables -- TOPICS Identification number of interviewer, women's survey INTERVIEWER VISITS FIRST VISIT (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD VISITS) DATE INTERVIEWER'S NAME RESULT* 1 COMPLETED 2 NOT AT HOME 3 POSTPONED 4 REFUSED 5 PARTLY COMPLETED 6 RESPONDENT INCAPACITATED 7 OTHER (SPECIFY) NEXT VISIT DATE TIME FINAL VISIT DATE MONTH 01 JANUARY 02 FEBRUARY 03 MARCH 04 APRIL 05 MAY 06 JUNE 07 JULY 08 AUGUST 09 SEPTEMBER 10 OCTOBER 11 NOVEMBER 12 DECEMBER YEAR CODE RESULT* INTERVIEWERIDIR (V028) reports the interviewer identification code for the interviewer conducting the individual women's interviews for women of childbearing age. Codes are country- and sample-specific; a given numeric code in one survey refers to a different person than the same numeric code in another survey. Numbering of interviewer codes is not necessarily consecutive; some surveys use "0" as an identification code, for example, while others begin with a 3-digit number. Using the interviewer identification codes, researchers can evaluate whether the quality of responses (e.g., the number of "missing" cases) depended on the person conducting the interview. General technical Variables -- TOPICS Identification number of interviewer, household survey INTERVIEWER VISITS FIRST VISIT (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD VISITS) DATE INTERVIEWER'S NAME RESULT* 1 COMPLETED 2 NO HOUSEHOLD MEMBER AT HOME OR NO COMPETENT RESPONDENT AT HOME AT TIME OF VISIT 3 ENTIRE HOUSEHOLD ABSENT FOR EXTENDED PERIOD OF TIME 4 POSTPONED 5 REFUSED 6 DWELLING VACANT OR ADDRESS NOT A DWELLING 7 DWELLING DESTROYED 8 DWELLING NOT FOUND 9 OTHER (SPECIFY) NEXT VISIT DATE TIME FINAL VISIT DAY MONTH YEAR INTERVIEWER'S CODE RESULT* TOTAL NUMBER OF VISITS: TOTAL PERSONS IN HOUSEHOLD: TOTAL ELIGIBLE WOMEN: TOTAL ELIGIBLE MEN: LINE NUMBER OF RESPONDENT TO HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULE: INTERVIEWERIDHH (HV018) reports the interviewer identification code for the interviewer conducting the household survey. Codes are country- and sample-specific; a given numeric code in one survey refers to a different person than the same numeric code in another survey. Numbering of interviewer codes is not necessarily consecutive; some surveys use "0" as an identification code, for example, while others begin with a 3-digit number. Using the interviewer identification codes, researchers can evaluate whether the quality of responses (e.g., the number of "missing" cases) depended on the person conducting the interview. General technical Variables -- TOPICS Urban-rural status IDENTIFICATION DIVISION: DISTRICT: THANA: UNION OR WARD: VILLAGE OR MOHALLA OR BLOCK: CLUSTER NUMBER: HOUSEHOLD NUMBER: DHAKA/CHITTAGONG OR SMALL CITY OR TOWN OR VILLAGE? DHAKA OR CHITTAGONG 1 SMALL CITY 2 TOWN 3 VILLAGE 4 NAME OF HOUSEHOLD HEAD: NAME AND LINE NUMBER OF ELIGIBLE WOMAN: URBAN (V025) indicates whether the person's de facto residence was in an urban or rural location. The definition of urban varies across countries. See Comparability. 2 Rural 1 Urban Geography, general Variables -- TOPICS De facto place of residence DEFACTORES (V026) reports the type of place--city, town, or countryside--where the person was interviewed. 10 City 11 Capital or other large city 12 Other city 20 Town or countryside 21 Town 22 Countryside Geography, general Variables -- TOPICS Years lived in place of residence 103. How long have you been living continuously in (NAME OF CURRENT PLACE OF RESIDENCE)? NUMBER OF YEARS ___ ALWAYS 95 (GO TO 105) VISITOR 96 (GO TO 105) RESIDEINTYR (V104) reports the number of years the woman had been living continuously in the village, town, or city where she was interviewed. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 95 Always 96 Visitor 97 Inconsistent 98 Missing Migration Variables -- TOPICS Type of place of previous residence 104. Just before you moved here, did you live in a city, a town, or in the countryside? CITY 1 TOWN 2 COUNTRYSIDE 3 PREVRESTYP (V105) reports the type of place--city, town, countryside, or a site abroad--where the person lived just before moving to the current place of residence. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Missing 30 Other or abroad 20 Town or countryside 12 Other city 11 Capital or other large city 10 City 31 Abroad 21 Town 22 Countryside 32 Separated camp 33 Tribal area 34 Informal settlement 39 Other, unspecified Migration Variables -- TOPICS Childhood place of residence 102. First I would like to ask some questions about you and your household. For most of the time until you were 12 years old, did you live in a city, in a town, or in the countryside? CITY 1 TOWN 2 COUNTRYSIDE 3 KIDRESTYP (V103) reports the type of place--city, town, countryside, or somewhere abroad--where the woman lived for most of her childhood (usually defined as prior to age 12). Due to country- and survey-level variation in data collection, IPUMS-DHS uses composite coding to maximize comparability across samples for this variable. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Missing 30 Other 20 Town or countryside 13 Other city or town 12 Other city 11 Capital or large city 10 City 31 Abroad 21 Town 22 Countryside Migration Variables -- TOPICS Bangladesh regions, 1994-2014 [integrated; GIS] IDENTIFICATION DIVISION: DISTRICT: THANA: UNION OR WARD: VILLAGE OR MOHALLA OR BLOCK: CLUSTER NUMBER: HOUSEHOLD NUMBER: REGION: DHAKA/CHITTAGONG OR SMALL CITY OR TOWN OR VILLAGE? DHAKA OR CHITTAGONG 1 SMALL CITY 2 TOWN 3 VILLAGE 4 GEO_BD1994_2014 indicates the region of Bangladesh where the respondent was interviewed. The variable is integrated to yield units with consistent boundaries across samples. Labels identify the modern geographic units (divisions) contained in each integrated region. Each sample also has its own non-integrated geography variable. An integrated GIS map (in shapefile format) for Bangladesh can be downloaded here [URL omitted from DDI.]. 8 Missing 1 Barisal 2 Chittagong and Sylhet 3 Dhaka 4 Khulna 5 Rajshahi and Rangpur Integrated geography Variables -- TOPICS Bangladesh regions, 2000 [GIS] IDENTIFICATION DIVISION: DISTRICT: THANA: UNION OR WARD: VILLAGE OR MOHALLA OR BLOCK: CLUSTER NUMBER: HOUSEHOLD NUMBER: REGION: DHAKA/CHITTAGONG OR SMALL CITY OR TOWN OR VILLAGE? DHAKA OR CHITTAGONG 1 SMALL CITY 2 TOWN 3 VILLAGE 4 GEO_BD2000 (V101_BD2000) indicates the region of Bangladesh where the respondent was interviewed. DHS regions in the 2000 Bangladesh survey are equivalent to divisions. Other sample years have their own sample-specific geography variables. There is also an integrated variable, GEO_BD1994_2014, that provides spatially consistent units over time. A GIS map for GEO_BD2000 (in shapefile format) can be downloaded from the DHS Program Spatial Data Repository [URL omitted from DDI.] Boundaries page. 6 Sylhet 5 Rajshahi 4 Khulna 3 Dhaka 2 Chittagong 1 Barisal Single sample geography Variables -- TOPICS DHS-IPUMS-I Bangladesh regions, 1991-2014 IDENTIFICATION DIVISION: DISTRICT: THANA: UNION OR WARD: VILLAGE OR MOHALLA OR BLOCK: CLUSTER NUMBER: HOUSEHOLD NUMBER: REGION: DHAKA/CHITTAGONG OR SMALL CITY OR TOWN OR VILLAGE? DHAKA OR CHITTAGONG 1 SMALL CITY 2 TOWN 3 VILLAGE 4 DHS_IPUMSI_BD provides geographic codes for Bangladesh that match those in the DHS and IPUMS-International [URL omitted from DDI.] databases. This variable can be used to link contextual area data from IPUMS-DHS to IPUMS-International or vice versa. The codes in DHS_IPUMSI_BD indicate the major administrative unit in which the household was enumerated or surveyed. GIS shapefiles for Bangladesh can be downloaded here [URL omitted from DDI.]. 1 Barisal 2 Chittagong and Sylhet 3 Dhaka 4 Khulna 5 Rajshahi and Rangpur IPUMS International geography Variables -- TOPICS Age 106. How old are you at your last birthday? COMPARE AND CORRECT 105 AND/OR 106 IF INCONSISTENT. AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS ___ AGE (V012) reports the woman's age. DHS surveys collect information about the woman's age through questions about age at last birthday and date of birth. DHS Recode Manuals provide the following information about how the AGE variable is calculated: Current age in completed years is calculated from the century month code of the date of birth of the respondent (V011) and the century month code of the date of interview (V008). In a few cases the age in the data file will be different from that reported by the respondent when the respondent's birthday was in the month of interview, but she had not yet had her birthday. If the respondent correctly reported her age at her last birthday (and not her age at her next birthday) then the calculated age was rounded up from the reported age, to avoid inconsistencies between the age and the century month code for the birth. 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Age in 5 year groups AGE5YEAR (V013) reports the woman's age in 5-year groups, based on data from the AGE (V012) variable. The age range of women interviewed varies across samples. See Comparability. 10 10 to 14 11 10 to 14 12 12 to 14 13 13 to 14 20 15-19 30 20-24 40 25-29 50 30-34 60 35-39 70 40-44 80 45-49 90 50+ 91 50-54 92 55-59 93 60-64 Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Woman's month of birth 105. In what month and year were you born? MONTH ___ DON'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ___ DON'T KNOW YEAR 9998 BIRTHMO (V009) reports the woman's month of birth. 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Woman's year of birth 105. In what month and year were you born? MONTH ___ DON'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ___ DON'T KNOW YEAR 9998 BIRTHYEAR (V010) reports the woman's year of birth. 1995 1995 1994 1994 1993 1993 1992 1992 1991 1991 1990 1990 1989 1989 1988 1988 1987 1987 1986 1986 1985 1985 1984 1984 1983 1983 1982 1982 1981 1981 1980 1980 1979 1979 1978 1978 1977 1977 1976 1976 1975 1975 1974 1974 1973 1973 1972 1972 1971 1971 1970 1970 1969 1969 1968 1968 1967 1967 1966 1966 1965 1965 1964 1964 1963 1963 1962 1962 1961 1961 1960 1960 1959 1959 1958 1958 1957 1957 1956 1956 1955 1955 1954 1954 1953 1953 1952 1952 1951 1951 1950 1950 1949 1949 1948 1948 1947 1947 1946 1946 1945 1945 1944 1944 1943 1943 1942 1942 1941 1941 1940 1940 1939 1939 1938 1938 1937 1937 1936 1936 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Respondent's date of birth, in century months 105. In what month and year were you born? MONTH ___ DON'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ___ DON'T KNOW YEAR 9998 DOBCMC (V011) reports the century month code (CMC) for the woman's date of birth. Century month codes (CMC) are particularly useful for checking the consistency of dates, calculating intervals between events, and imputing dates when the information for an event is missing or partially complete. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006) [URL omitted from DDI.]. DOBCMC (V011) is a 4-digit variable. Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Information given on respondent's date of birth DOBINFORESP (V014) reports the completeness of information about the respondent's age and date of birth. A code of 0 indicates the month and the year were reported, and no data were imputed. 1 Month and year 2 Month and age, year imputed 3 Year and age, month imputed 4 Year and age, year ignored 5 Year only, age and month imputed 6 Age only, year and month imputed 7 Month only, age and year imputed 8 Season and year 9 None reported, all imputed Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Usual resident or visitor 5. RESIDENCE: Does (NAME) usually live her? YES 1 NO 2 RESIDENT (V135) indicates whether the woman was a usual resident of the household or was just visiting there. As defined by the RESIDENT variable, a visitor could potentially reside in the city, town, or village where the interview took place but would have answered "No" to the question, "Does (NAME) usually live here [in this dwelling unit]?" on the household questionnaire. 1 Usual resident 2 Visitor 8 Missing Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Respondent's relationship to HH head 3. RELATIONSHIP TO HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD: What is the relationship of (NAME) to the head of the household? 01 HEAD 02 WIFE OR HUSBAND 03 SON OR DAUGHTER 04 SON-IN-LAW OR DAUGHTER-IN-LAW 05 GRANDCHILD 06 PARENT 07 PARENT-IN-LAW 09 BROTHER OR SISTER 10 OTHER RELATIVE 11 ADOPTED OR FOSTER OR STEPCHILD 12 NOT RELATED 98 DON'T KNOW RELATE (V150) reports the woman's relationship to the head of the household, based on a question in the household questionnaire. 01 Head 02 Wife 03 Daughter or son 04 Daughter- or son-in-law 05 Grandchild 06 Mother or father 07 Parent-in-law 08 Sister or brother 09 Co-spouse 10 Adopted/foster/step child 11 Adopted/foster child 12 Stepchild 20 Other relative 21 Niece or nephew by blood 22 Niece or nephew by marriage 23 Niece or nephew unspecified 24 Sibling-in-law 25 Aunt or uncle 26 Grandparent 30 Nonrelative 31 Domestic servant/employee 32 Herdboy 97 Don't know 98 Missing Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Currently pregnant 226. Are you pregnant now? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 229) UNSURE 8 (GO TO 229) PREGNANT (V213) indicates whether the respondent is currently pregnant. 0 No/unsure 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Duration of current pregnancy 227. How many months pregnant are you? RECORD NUMBER OF COMPLETED MONTHS. ENTER 'P'S IN COLUMN 1 OF CALENDAR, BEGINNING WITH THE MONTH OF INTERVIEW AND FOR THE TOTAL NUMBER OF COMPLETED MONTHS. MONTHS ___ For currently pregnant women, DURCURPREG (V214) reports the imputed duration of the woman's current pregnancy. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Association member: Grameen Bank (Bangladesh) 118. Do you belong to any of the following organizations? Grameen Bank? YES 1 NO 2 BRAC? YES 1 NO 2 BRDB? YES 1 NO 2 Mother's club? YES 1 NO 2 Any other organization (such as micro credit)? YES (SPECIFY) 1 NO 2 ASSOCBD1 indicates whether the respondent is a member of Grameen Bank, a microfinance organization and community development bank. This variable is country-specific to Bangladesh. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Association member: BRAC (Bangladesh) 118. Do you belong to any of the following organizations? Grameen Bank? YES 1 NO 2 BRAC? YES 1 NO 2 BRDB? YES 1 NO 2 Mother's club? YES 1 NO 2 Any other organization (such as micro credit)? YES (SPECIFY) 1 NO 2 ASSOCBD2 indicates whether the respondent is a member of BRAC (Building Resources Across Communities), an international development organization. This variable is country-specific to Bangladesh. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Association member: BRDB (Bangladesh) 118. Do you belong to any of the following organizations? Grameen Bank? YES 1 NO 2 BRAC? YES 1 NO 2 BRDB? YES 1 NO 2 Mother's club? YES 1 NO 2 Any other organization (such as micro credit)? YES (SPECIFY) 1 NO 2 ASSOCBD3 indicates whether the respondent is a member of BRDB (Bangladesh Rural Development Board), the government board responsible for rural development. From 1972 to 1982, BRDB was known as BRDP (Bangladesh Rural Development Programme). This variable is country-specific to Bangladesh. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Association member: Mother's club (Bangladesh) 118. Do you belong to any of the following organizations? Grameen Bank? YES 1 NO 2 BRAC? YES 1 NO 2 BRDB? YES 1 NO 2 Mother's club? YES 1 NO 2 Any other organization (such as micro credit)? YES (SPECIFY) 1 NO 2 ASSOCBD4 indicates whether the respondent is a member of a mother's club. This variable is country-specific to Bangladesh. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Association member: Other 118. Do you belong to any of the following organizations? Grameen Bank? YES 1 NO 2 BRAC? YES 1 NO 2 BRDB? YES 1 NO 2 Mother's club? YES 1 NO 2 Any other organization (such as micro credit)? YES (SPECIFY) 1 NO 2 ASSOCOTH indicates whether the respondent is a member of some other organization. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific categories included in a particular sample. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 7 Don't know Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Religion 115. What is your religion? ISLAM 1 HINDUISM 2 BUDDHISM 3 CHRISTIANITY 4 OTHER (SPECIFY) 6 RELIGION (V130) reports the respondent's religion. While the categories and codes for the religion variable in the original DHS files are country-specific, IPUMS-DHS uses a 4-digit composite coding system to fit these diverse categories into a single variable without losing information. Â See Comparability. 0000 NO RELIGION 1000 MUSLIM 2000 CHRISTIAN 2100 Catholic 2200 Orthodox 2300 Protestant 2310 Lutheran 2320 Anglican 2330 Presbyterian 2340 Baptist/Seventh-day Adventist 2341 Baptist 2342 Seventh-day Adventist 2350 Apostolic 2360 Salvation Army 2370 Methodist 2380 Pentacostal-based 2381 Pentacostal 2382 Celestial Church of Christ 2383 Universal 2384 Assemblies of God 2390 Other Protestant 2391 Evangelical 2392 Lesotho Evangelical Church 2393 Kimbanguist (Congo, Democratic Republic) 2400 Nontrinitarian 2410 Jehovah's Witness 2900 Other Christian, country-specific 2901 African Zionist (Mozambique) 2902 Mammon (Uganda) 3000 BUDDHIST/NEO-BUDDHIST 3100 Buddhist 4000 HINDU 5000 JEWISH 6000 TRADITIONAL/SPIRITUAL/ANIMIST 6100 Traditional 6200 Spiritual 6300 Animist 6400 Specified Traditional 6401 Donyi-Polo 6402 Sanamahi 6403 Vodun 7000 OTHER (SPECIFIED) 7100 Baha'i 7200 Sikh 7300 Zoroastrian 7400 Jain 7900 Country-specific other 7901 Sect (Burundi) 7902 Bundu dia Kongo (Congo, Democratic Republic) 7903 Vuvamu (Congo, Democratic Republic) 7904 Kirat Mundhum (Nepal) 9000 OTHER 9001 Religion 1 9002 Religion 2 9003 Religion 3 9004 Religion 4 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Ethnicity and religion Variables -- TOPICS Woman's current marital or union status 106A. Are you now married, widowed, or divorced? CURRENTLY MARRIED 1 SEPARATED 2 DESERTED 3 DIVORCED 4 WIDOWED 5 NEVER MARRIED 6 (GO TO END) MARSTAT (V501) reports the woman's current marital status. Response categories and question wording vary across surveys. See Comparability. 10 Never married 20 Married or living together 21 Married 22 Living together 30 Formerly in union 31 Widowed 32 Divorced 33 Separated/not living together 98 Missing 11 Unconsummated marriage 34 Deserted Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Woman never, currently, or formerly married 106A. Are you now married, widowed, or divorced? CURRENTLY MARRIED 1 SEPARATED 2 DESERTED 3 DIVORCED 4 WIDOWED 5 NEVER MARRIED 6 (GO TO END) CURRMARR (V502) reports the woman's marital/union status as "Never married," "Currently married," or "Formerly married." "Never married" includes women who have never lived with a partner. "Currently married" includes women who are married and those who are not formally married but are living with a partner. "Formerly married" includes women who are widowed, divorced, or separated, or who have formerly lived with a partner. For samples restricted to ever-married women, only women who are formally married (not cohabiting) are included as "married." 0 Never married 1 Currently married 2 Formerly married 8 Missing Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Woman had one or more than one union 507. Have you been married or lived with a man only once, or more than once? ONCE 1 MORE THAN ONCE 2 For women who had ever been married or lived with a man, UNION1MORE (V503) indicates whether the respondent had been in one or more than one marriage/union. 0 One 1 More than one 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Age at first marriage or cohabitation 509. How old were you when you started living with him? AGE ___ AGEFRSTMAR (V511) reports the woman's age at the start of her first marriage or union. This usually refers to when the woman first started to live with her first husband or partner. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, "Age at start of first marriage or union is calculated from the century month code of the date of start of first marriage or union and the century month code of the date of birth of the respondent." 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 96 Marriage not consummated 97 Inconsistent 98 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Age of husband/partner 802. How old was your husband or partner on his last birthday? AGE ___ HUSAGE (V730) reports the age of the woman's husband or co-resident partner. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Missing 97 Don't know 96 Inconsistent 95 95+ 94 94 93 93 92 92 91 91 90 90 89 89 88 88 87 87 86 86 85 85 84 84 83 83 82 82 81 81 80 80 79 79 78 78 77 77 76 76 75 75 74 74 73 73 72 72 71 71 70 70 69 69 68 68 67 67 66 66 65 65 64 64 63 63 62 62 61 61 60 60 59 59 58 58 57 57 56 56 55 55 54 54 53 53 52 52 51 51 50 50 49 49 48 48 47 47 46 46 45 45 44 44 43 43 42 42 41 41 40 40 39 39 38 38 37 37 36 36 35 35 34 34 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Marital or cohabitation duration (grouped) 508. CHECK 507: MARRIED ONLY ONCE: In what month and year did you start living with your husband? MARRIED MORE THAN ONCE: Now we will talk about your first husband. In what month and year did you start living with him? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ___ (GO TO 510) DON'T KNOW YEAR 9998 DURMARGRP (V513) reports the number of years elapsed since the woman's first marriage or cohabiting union until the date of the survey interview, in five-year groups. The duration is reported irrespective of whether the respondent is still married or in a union with her first partner. 00 Never married 01 0 to 4 02 5 to 9 03 10 to 14 04 15 to 19 05 20 to 24 06 25 to 29 07 30+ 96 Marriage not consummated 98 Missing Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Month of first marriage or cohabitation 508. CHECK 507: MARRIED ONLY ONCE: In what month and year did you start living with your husband? MARRIED MORE THAN ONCE: Now we will talk about your first husband. In what month and year did you start living with him? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ___ (GO TO 510) DON'T KNOW YEAR 9998 For women who had ever been married or lived with a man, MAR1STMO (V507) reports the month of their first marriage or (for most samples) unmarried cohabitation. The year of the woman's first marriage/union is reported in MAR1STYR (V508). 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Marriage not consummated 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Year of first marriage or cohabitation 508. CHECK 507: MARRIED ONLY ONCE: In what month and year did you start living with your husband? MARRIED MORE THAN ONCE: Now we will talk about your first husband. In what month and year did you start living with him? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ___ (GO TO 510) DON'T KNOW YEAR 9998 For women who had ever been married or lived with a man, MAR1STYR (V508) reports the year of their first marriage or (for most samples) unmarried cohabitation. The month of the woman's first marriage/union is reported in MAR1STMO (V507). 1943 1943 1944 1944 1945 1945 1946 1946 1947 1947 1948 1948 1949 1949 1950 1950 1951 1951 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 2017 2017 2018 2018 9996 Marriage not consummated 9997 Inconsistent 9998 Don't know 9999 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Years since starting date of 1st marriage or union 508. CHECK 507: MARRIED ONLY ONCE: In what month and year did you start living with your husband? MARRIED MORE THAN ONCE: Now we will talk about your first husband. In what month and year did you start living with him? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ___ (GO TO 510) DON'T KNOW YEAR 9998 For women who had ever been married or lived with a man, YRSTO1STMAR (V512) reports the number of years from the start of the woman's first marriage/union to the date of the survey interview. The calculation is made using century month codes for both dates. For the month and year of first marriage/union, see MAR1STMO (V507) and MAR1STYR (V508) respectively. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 98 Marriage not consummated 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Date of first marriage or cohabitation (CMC) 508. CHECK 507: MARRIED ONLY ONCE: In what month and year did you start living with your husband? MARRIED MORE THAN ONCE: Now we will talk about your first husband. In what month and year did you start living with him? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ___ (GO TO 510) DON'T KNOW YEAR 9998 MAR1STCMC (V509) reports the century month code (CMC) for the date of the woman's first marriage or cohabitation. Century month codes (CMC) are particularly useful checking the consistency of dates, calculating intervals between events, and imputing dates when the information for an event is missing or partially complete. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006) [URL omitted from DDI.]. 9996 Not consummated 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information, date of first marriage/union 508. CHECK 507: MARRIED ONLY ONCE: In what month and year did you start living with your husband? MARRIED MORE THAN ONCE: Now we will talk about your first husband. In what month and year did you start living with him? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ___ (GO TO 510) DON'T KNOW YEAR 9998 MAR1STDATINFO (V510) reports the completeness of information for the date of the woman's first marriage or cohabitation. See Comparability. 01 Month and year reported 02 Month and age reported, year imputed 03 Year and age reported, month imputed 05 Year reported, age and month imputed 06 Age reported, year and month imputed 08 Month reported, age and year imputed 09 Year and age reported, year ignored 10 Season and year reported 11 All values imputed 99 NIU (not in universe) 12 All reported, inconsistent Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Months between respondent's 1st marriage and 1st birth 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ MARTO1STBORNMO (V221) reports the number of months between the woman's first marriage (i.e., formal marriage or first episode of living with a man) and her first birth. For women whose first birth occurred before their first marriage, this variable is coded as '998.' 998 First birth prior to first marriage 999 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Husband/partner lives in woman's household 505. Is your husband staying with you now or is he staying elsewhere? STAYING WITH HER 1 STAYING ELSEWHERE 2 For women who were currently married or living with a man, HUSBINHOME (V504) indicates whether the husband/partner lived with the woman or stayed elsewhere. 0 Living with woman 1 Staying elsewhere 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Total children ever born 209. CHECK 208: Just to make sure that I have this right: you have had in TOTAL ___ births during your life. Is that correct? YES (GO TO 210) NO (PROBE AND CORRECT 201-208 AS NECESSARY) CHEB (V201) reports the total number of children ever born to the respondent. The number reported in CHEB is the sum of a series of variables covering the total number of sons and daughters who are living at home, living away from home, or who have died (V202 to V207). The number of births reported in CHEB will match the number of entries in the birth history (V224) for up to 20 births. If the woman reported more than 20 births, then the number for CHEB will exceed the number of births in the birth history, but such cases are rare. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 98 Missing 99 NIU (Not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of entries in the birth history TOTBIRTHIST (V224) reports the number of entries in the woman respondent's birth history. For up to 20 births, the birth history contains information for each of the respondent's births. In those rare cases when the respondent had more than 20 births, the birth history lists the last 19 births and the first birth. In cases where the women had fewer than 20 births, the number reported in TOTBIRTHIST will match the number reported in CHEB (V201), the total number of children ever born to the respondent. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of own sons living at home 203. How many sons live with you? And how many daughters live with you? IF NONE, RECORD "00". SONS AT HOME ___ DAUGHTERS AT HOME ___ SONSATHOME (V202) reports the number of sons to whom the woman has given birth who are currently living with her. The related variable SONSAWAYHOME (V204) reports the number of sons to whom the woman has given birth and are still alive, but who are not currently living with her. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of own daughters living at home 203. How many sons live with you? And how many daughters live with you? IF NONE, RECORD "00". SONS AT HOME ___ DAUGHTERS AT HOME ___ DAUSATHOME (V203) reports the number of daughters to whom the woman has given birth who are currently living with her. The related variable DAUSAWAYHOME (V205) reports the number of daughters to whom the woman has given birth and are still alive, but who are not currently living with her. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of own sons living away from home 205. How many sons are alive but do not live with you? And how many daughters are alive but do not live with you? SONS ELSEWHERE ___ DAUGHTERS ELSEWHERE ___ SONSAWAYHOME (V204) reports the number of sons to whom the woman has given birth who are still alive, but who are not currently living with her. The related variable SONSATHOME (V202) reports the number of sons to whom the woman has given birth who are still alive, and who are currently living with her. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of own daughters living away from home 205. How many sons are alive but do not live with you? And how many daughters are alive but do not live with you? SONS ELSEWHERE ___ DAUGHTERS ELSEWHERE ___ DAUSAWAYHOME (V205) reports the number of daughters to whom the woman has given birth who are still alive, but who are not currently living with her. The related variable DAUSATHOME (V203) reports the number of daughters to whom the woman has given birth who are still alive, and who are currently living with her. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of own sons who have died 207. In all, how many boys have died? And how many girls have died? IF NONE, RECORD "00". BOYS DEAD ___ GIRLS DEAD ___ SONSDIED (V206) reports the number of sons to whom the woman has given birth who have died. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of own daughters who have died 207. In all, how many boys have died? And how many girls have died? IF NONE, RECORD "00". BOYS DEAD ___ GIRLS DEAD ___ DAUSDIED (V207) reports the number of daughters to whom the woman has given birth who have died. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of births in last 5 years 225. FOR EACH BIRTH SINCE APRIL 1994 OR BAISHAK 1401, ENTER 'B' IN THE MONTH OF BIRTH IN COLUMN 1 OF THE CALENDAR. FOR EACH BIRTH, ASK THE NUMBER OF MONTHS THE PREGNANCY LASTED AND RECORD 'P' IN EACH OF THE PRECEDING MONTHS ACCORDING TO THE DURATION OF PREGNANCY. (NOTE: THE NUMBER 'P'S MUST BE ONE LESS THAN THE NUMBER OF MONTHS THAT THE PREGNANCY LASTED). WRITE THE NAME OF THE CHILD TO THE LEFT OF THE 'B' CODE. BIRTHSIN5YRS (V208) reports the number of births the woman had in the five years prior to the survey. This statistic is calculated based on the total number of births in the 0 to 59 months prior to the month of the interview. 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 8 7 7 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of births in the past year 225. FOR EACH BIRTH SINCE APRIL 1994 OR BAISHAK 1401, ENTER 'B' IN THE MONTH OF BIRTH IN COLUMN 1 OF THE CALENDAR. FOR EACH BIRTH, ASK THE NUMBER OF MONTHS THE PREGNANCY LASTED AND RECORD 'P' IN EACH OF THE PRECEDING MONTHS ACCORDING TO THE DURATION OF PREGNANCY. (NOTE: THE NUMBER 'P'S MUST BE ONE LESS THAN THE NUMBER OF MONTHS THAT THE PREGNANCY LASTED). WRITE THE NAME OF THE CHILD TO THE LEFT OF THE 'B' CODE. BIRTHSIN1YR (V209) reports the number of births the woman had in the year prior to the survey. This statistic is calculated based on the total number of births in the months 0 to 12 (not 0 to 11) prior to the month of the interview. For example, if the survey were given in January, BIRTHSIN1YR would report the number of births the woman had between the time of the survey and the previous January. 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Total number of births in month of interview 225. FOR EACH BIRTH SINCE APRIL 1994 OR BAISHAK 1401, ENTER 'B' IN THE MONTH OF BIRTH IN COLUMN 1 OF THE CALENDAR. FOR EACH BIRTH, ASK THE NUMBER OF MONTHS THE PREGNANCY LASTED AND RECORD 'P' IN EACH OF THE PRECEDING MONTHS ACCORDING TO THE DURATION OF PREGNANCY. (NOTE: THE NUMBER 'P'S MUST BE ONE LESS THAN THE NUMBER OF MONTHS THAT THE PREGNANCY LASTED). WRITE THE NAME OF THE CHILD TO THE LEFT OF THE 'B' CODE. BIRTHSIN1MO (V210) reports the total number of births the woman had in the month of interview. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Date of respondent's first birth, in century months 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DOB1STKIDCMC (V211) reports the century month code (CMC) for the date of the woman's first birth. The Guide to DHS Statistics (2003) explains the use and calculation of CMC values as follows: Century month codes (CMC) are particularly important to check consistency of dates, to calculate intervals between events, and to impute dates when the information for an event is missing or partially complete. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. That year was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 will be: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed since January 1900 to June 2002. Based on CMC it is possible to calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Time since woman's last menstrual period 236. When did your last menstrual period start? DATE IF GIVEN ___ DAYS AGO 1 ___ WEEKS AGO 2 ___ MONTHS AGO 3 ___ YEARS AGO 4 ___ IN MENOPAUSE OR HAS HAD HYSTERECTOMY 994 BEFORE LAST BIRTH 995 NEVER MENSTRUATED 996 TIMEMENSTRUATE (V215) reports the time passed since the woman's last menstrual period, in days, weeks, months, or years. 100 Day of Interview 101 Days: 1 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 131 31 days 132 32 days 133 33 days 134 34 days 135 35 days 136 36 days 137 37 days 138 38 days 139 39 days 140 40 days 141 41 days 142 42 days 143 43 days 144 44 days 145 45 days 146 46 days 147 47 days 148 48 days 149 49 days 150 50 days 151 51 days 152 52 days 153 53 days 154 54 days 155 55 days 156 56 days 157 57 days 158 58 days 159 59 days 160 60 days 161 61 days 162 62 days 163 63 days 164 64 days 165 65 days 166 66 days 167 67 days 168 68 days 169 69 days 170 70 days 171 71 days 172 72 days 173 73 days 174 74 days 175 75 days 176 76 days 177 77 days 178 78 days 179 79 days 180 80 days 181 81 days 182 82 days 183 83 days 184 84 days 185 85 days 186 86 days 187 87 days 188 88 days 189 89 days 190 90 days 191 91 days 192 92 days 193 93 days 194 94 days 195 95 days 196 96 days 197 97 days 198 98 days 199 Days: Number missing 200 Weeks 201 201 Weeks: 1 202 2 weeks 203 3 weeks 204 4 weeks 205 5 weeks 206 6 weeks 207 7 weeks 208 8 weeks 209 9 weeks 210 10 weeks 211 11 weeks 212 12 weeks 213 13 weeks 214 14 weeks 215 15 weeks 216 16 weeks 217 17 weeks 218 18 weeks 219 19 weeks 220 20 weeks 221 21 weeks 222 22 weeks 223 23 weeks 224 24 weeks 225 25 weeks 226 26 weeks 227 27 weeks 228 28 weeks 229 29 weeks 230 30 weeks 231 31 weeks 232 32 weeks 233 33 weeks 234 34 weeks 235 35 weeks 236 36 weeks 237 37 weeks 238 38 weeks 239 39 weeks 240 40 weeks 241 41 weeks 242 42 weeks 243 43 weeks 244 44 weeks 245 45 weeks 246 46 weeks 247 47 weeks 248 48 weeks 249 49 weeks 250 50 weeks 251 51 weeks 252 52 weeks 253 53 weeks 254 54 weeks 255 55 weeks 256 56 weeks 257 57 weeks 258 58 weeks 259 59 weeks 260 60 weeks 261 61 weeks 262 62 weeks 263 63 weeks 264 64 weeks 265 65 weeks 266 66 weeks 267 67 weeks 268 68 weeks 269 69 weeks 270 70 weeks 271 71 weeks 272 72 weeks 273 73 weeks 274 74 weeks 275 75 weeks 276 76 weeks 277 77 weeks 278 78 weeks 279 79 weeks 280 80 weeks 281 81 weeks 282 82 weeks 283 83 weeks 284 84 weeks 285 85 weeks 286 86 weeks 287 87 weeks 288 88 weeks 289 89 weeks 290 90 weeks 291 91 weeks 292 92 weeks 293 93 weeks 294 94 weeks 295 95 weeks 296 96 weeks 297 97 weeks 298 98 weeks 299 Weeks: Number missing 300 Months 301 301 Months: 1 302 2 months 303 3 months 304 4 months 305 5 months 306 6 months 307 7 months 308 8 months 309 9 months 310 10 months 311 11 months 312 12 months 313 13 months 314 14 months 315 15 months 316 16 months 317 17 months 318 18 months 319 19 months 320 20 months 321 21 months 322 22 months 323 23 months 324 24 months 325 25 months 326 26 months 327 27 months 328 28 months 329 29 months 330 30 months 331 31 months 332 32 months 333 33 months 334 34 months 335 35 months 336 36 months 337 37 months 338 38 months 339 39 months 340 40 months 341 41 months 342 42 months 343 43 months 344 44 months 345 45 months 346 46 months 347 47 months 348 48 months 349 49 months 350 50 months 351 51 months 352 52 months 353 53 months 354 54 months 355 55 months 356 56 months 357 57 months 358 58 months 359 59 months 360 60 months 361 61 months 362 62 months 363 63 months 364 64 months 365 65 months 366 66 months 367 67 months 368 68 months 369 69 months 370 70 months 371 71 months 372 72 months 373 73 months 374 74 months 375 75 months 376 76 months 377 77 months 378 78 months 379 79 months 380 80 months 381 81 months 382 82 months 383 83 months 384 84 months 385 85 months 386 86 months 387 87 months 388 88 months 389 89 months 390 90 months 391 91 months 392 92 months 393 93 months 394 94 months 395 95 months 396 96 months 397 97 months 398 98 months 399 Months: Number missing 400 Years 401 Years: 1 402 2 years 403 3 years 404 4 years 405 5 years 406 6 years 407 7 years 408 8 years 409 9 years 410 10 years 411 11 years 412 12 years 413 13 years 414 14 years 415 15 years 416 16 years 417 17 years 418 18 years 419 19 years 420 20 years 421 21 years 422 22 years 423 23 years 424 24 years 425 25 years 426 26 years 427 27 years 428 28 years 429 29 years 430 30 years 431 31 years 432 32 years 433 33 years 434 34 years 435 35 years 436 36 years 437 37 years 438 38 years 439 39 years 440 40 years 441 41 years 442 42 years 443 43 years 444 44 years 445 45 years 446 46 years 447 47 years 448 48 years 449 49+ years 499 Years: number missing 992 Currently pregnant 993 In menopause/had hysterectomy 994 Before last birth 995 Never menstruated 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Woman menstruated last 6 weeks 236. When did your last menstrual period start? DATE IF GIVEN ___ DAYS AGO 1 ___ WEEKS AGO 2 ___ MONTHS AGO 3 ___ YEARS AGO 4 ___ IN MENOPAUSE OR HAS HAD HYSTERECTOMY 994 BEFORE LAST BIRTH 995 NEVER MENSTRUATED 996 MENSTRUATE6WK (V216) indicates whether the woman menstruated in the 6 weeks prior to the interview, as calculated from TIMEMENSTRUATE (V215). 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS When in cycle thinks pregnancy is most likely OVCYCLE (V217) suggests the woman's knowledge of the ovulatory cycle by reporting when she believes a woman has the greatest chance of becoming pregnant. 1 During her period 2 After period ended 3 Middle of the cycle 4 Before period begins 5 At any time 6 Other/It depends 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Total number of living children born to respondent 203. How many sons live with you? And how many daughters live with you? IF NONE, RECORD "00". SONS AT HOME ___ DAUGHTERS AT HOME ___ CHEBALIVE (V218) reports the total number of children ever born to the respondent who are currently living. The number reported in CHEBALIVE (V218) is the sum of a series of variables reporting the total number of sons and daughters who are living at home and who are living away from home (V202 to V205 - SONSATHOME, DAUSATHOME, SONSAWAYHOME, and DAUSAWAYHOME). The related variable CHEB (V201) reports the total number of children ever born to the respondent, regardless of survival status. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Total number of living children including current pregnancy 226. Are you pregnant now? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 229) UNSURE 8 (GO TO 229) CHSURVPLUSPG (V219) reports the woman's total number of living children, including her current pregnancy. CHSURVPLUSPG takes the value of CHEBALIVE (V218) and adds 1 if the respondent is pregnant. 99 NIU (not in universe) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 19 19 18 18 Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Total number of living children, truncated at 6+ 226. Are you pregnant now? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 229) UNSURE 8 (GO TO 229) CHEBALIVETRUNC (V220) reports the woman's total number of living children (including current pregnancy), truncated at 6 or more children. This variable is a grouping of CHSURVPLUSPG (V219) truncated at 6+ children. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6+ 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Interval between last birth and interview, in months 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ For women who have ever given birth, LASTBIRTHTOINTMO (V222) reports the number of months between their last birth and the date of interview. 999 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information on date of conception, current pregnancy For pregnant women, CONCEPTDATEFLAG (V223) indicates the completeness of information relating to the date of conception of their current pregnancy. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, "This variable indicates whether the date of conception was exactly specified by the duration of the current pregnancy or the duration was imputed from other information." The related variable DURCURPREG reports the duration of the current pregnancy. 1 Month- exact date 2 Date missing, imputed 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Flag for reported time since last menstrual period 236. When did your last menstrual period start? DATE IF GIVEN ___ DAYS AGO 1 ___ WEEKS AGO 2 ___ MONTHS AGO 3 ___ YEARS AGO 4 ___ IN MENOPAUSE OR HAS HAD HYSTERECTOMY 994 BEFORE LAST BIRTH 995 NEVER MENSTRUATED 996 MENSTIMFLAG (V227) is a flag variable that indicates the type of problem, if any, found in editing responses on the time since the respondent's last menstrual period. Cases without a problem are coded 0. For time since last menstrual period, see TIMEMENSTRUATE (V215). 00 No flag 01 Number GT interval since birth 02 Number plus amenorrhea GT interval 03 Number reported, but period not returned 04 Reported before last birth, but no birth 05 Reported before last birth, but period since 06 Reported never menstruated, but period returned 07 Reported time during pregnancy 08 Reported never menstruated but had kids 09 Reported period before last birth 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Ever had pregnancy terminate via abortion, miscarriage or stillbirth 229. Have you ever had a pregnancy that miscarried, was aborted, or ended in a stillbirth or had a menstrual regulation? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 236) PREGTERMIN (V228) indicates whether the woman ever had a pregnancy that was terminated due to miscarriage, abortion, or stillbirth, and did not result in a live birth. 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Calendar month of pregnancy termination 230. When did the last such pregnancy end? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ For women who have had a pregnancy terminated through abortion, stillbirth or miscarriage, PREGTERMINMO (V229) indicates the calendar month when the last pregnancy termination occurred, according to the Gregorian calendar. 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Year of last pregnancy termination 230. When did the last such pregnancy end? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ For women who have had a pregnancy terminated through abortion, stillbirth or miscarriage, PREGTERMINYR (V230) reports the year when the last pregnancy termination occurred, according to the Gregorian calendar. 2018 2018 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 9996 Inconsistent 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) 2017 2017 Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Months pregnant when pregnancy terminated 232. How many months pregnant were you when the last such pregnancy ended? RECORD NUMBER OF COMPLETED MONTHS. ENTER 'T' IN COLUMN 1 OF CALENDAR IN THE MONTH THAT THE PREGNANCY TERMINATED AND 'P' FOR THE REMAINING NUMBER OF COMPLETED MONTHS. MONTHS ___ For women who had a pregnancy end without a live birth (through abortion, stillbirth or miscarriage) 5 years before the survey, PREGTERMTIM (V233) indicates how many months pregnant the woman was when the pregnancy ended. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9+ 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Respondent had previous pregnancy terminations (prior to last 5 years) 233. Have you ever had any other pregnancies which did not result in a live birth? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 235) For women who had a pregnancy end without a live birth (through abortion, stillbirth or miscarriage) in the 5 years before the survey, PREGTERMPREV (V234) indicates whether the woman had any other pregnancies that ended without a live birth. 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Birth history index for last child born prior to the start of the calendar PRECALBIDX (V235) provides the birth index number (see BIDX for more information) of the last child born to the woman before the start of the survey's birth calendar. For the majority of samples, PRECALBIDX reports the birth index number of the last child born prior to 5 years before the survey. For a minority of samples, the reference period is 3 or 4 years before the survey. See Sample Description [URL omitted from DDI.] information on the universes for children included in the surveys to learn the specific reference period for each survey. 0 No prior child 1 1 (or yes, prior child) 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 8+ 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Interval between last birth and interview date at least 4 calendar years For women who have ever given birth, BIRTHTOINT4YR (V236) indicates whether the interval between their last birth and the time of the interview was at least 4 years. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Other live births in interval between last birth reported and date of interview BIRTHSOTHER (V237) indicates whether the woman had any other live births in the interval between the last reported birth and the date of the interview. The question for this variable verifies whether the woman omitted any births when reporting her birth record. Omitted births should be included in the final version of the birth history in the variable CHEB (V201). 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Total births in last 3 years prior to interview BIRTHSTOT3YR (V238) indicates the total number of births the woman had in the 3 years (0 to 35 months) prior to the interview (where 0 is the month of interview). Responses are based on the woman's birth history table, which records the month and year of her children's births. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Computed time since last menstrual period 236. When did your last menstrual period start? DATE IF GIVEN ___ DAYS AGO 1 ___ WEEKS AGO 2 ___ MONTHS AGO 3 ___ YEARS AGO 4 ___ IN MENOPAUSE OR HAS HAD HYSTERECTOMY 994 BEFORE LAST BIRTH 995 NEVER MENSTRUATED 996 TIMEMENSCALC (V226) reports the computed time since the respondent's last menstrual period. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, this variable is computed from the response for V215, with durations exceeding the interval since the last birth (V227 = 7,9) recoded to the response "Before last birth" (code 995) and inconsistent responses flagged on variable 227 (codes 1-6) recoded to 997. Restated in terms of IPUMS-DHS variables and variable labels, TIMEMENSCALC is computed from the response for TIMEMENSTRUATE (Time since woman's last menstrual period). Cases with durations exceeding the interval since the last birth, when MENSTIMFLAG (Flag for reported time since last menstrual period) has values for "Reported time during pregnancy" or "Reported period before last birth," are recoded as "Before last birth" in TIMEMENSCALC. Cases with inconsistent or implausible responses according to MENSTIMFLAG (for example, the woman reportedly never menstruated but she has given birth) are recoded to "Inconsistent" for TIMEMENSCALC. 000 No time difference 991 In menopause/had hysterectomy 992 Pregnant, not asked 993 In menopause 994 Before last birth 995 Never menstruated 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Age of respondent at time of first birth 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ AGEAT1STBIRTH (V212) reports the age of the woman at the time of her first birth. This variable is calculated by using the century month code (CMC) of the date of the woman's first birth (DOB1STKIDCMC) and the CMC of the woman's date of birth (DOBCMC). 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 99 NIU (not in universe) 02 2 05 5 03 3 04 4 Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Century month date of last pregnancy termination 230. When did the last such pregnancy end? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ PREGTERMCMC (V231) reports the century month code of the respondent's last pregnancy termination, according to the Gregorian calendar. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, "The CMC date of termination is calculated from the preceding questions [on month and year of last pregnancy termination], or from the calendar, if possible, in cases where an exact date was not given for the date of last pregnancy termination." For detailed discussion of the calculation and interpretation of century month codes, see DOBCMC (Respondent's date of birth, in century months). 9996 Inconsistent 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Date flag for last terminated pregnancy PREGTERMFLAG (V232) is a flag variable that indicates the type of information available on the date of the respondent's last terminated pregnancy. Survey forms supplied room to collect the month and year of the last terminated pregnancy, and cases for which both month and year are available are coded 1. 1 Month and year 2 From calendar 3 Year 4 Month 5 None 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Type of pregnancy termination PREGTERMTYP reports how the respondent's most recent pregnancy termination ended: as a stillbirth, miscarriage, abortion, or, in some samples, via "menstrual regulation" (see Comparability). 10 Stillbirth 20 Miscarriage 30 Abortion 40 Other 41 Menstrual regulation 98 MIssing 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Total number of household members INTERVIEWER VISITS FIRST VISIT (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD VISITS) DATE INTERVIEWER'S NAME RESULT* 1 COMPLETED 2 NO HOUSEHOLD MEMBER AT HOME OR NO COMPETENT RESPONDENT AT HOME AT TIME OF VISIT 3 ENTIRE HOUSEHOLD ABSENT FOR EXTENDED PERIOD OF TIME 4 POSTPONED 5 REFUSED 6 DWELLING VACANT OR ADDRESS NOT A DWELLING 7 DWELLING DESTROYED 8 DWELLING NOT FOUND 9 OTHER (SPECIFY) NEXT VISIT DATE TIME FINAL VISIT DAY MONTH YEAR INTERVIEWER'S CODE RESULT* TOTAL NUMBER OF VISITS: TOTAL PERSONS IN HOUSEHOLD: TOTAL ELIGIBLE WOMEN: TOTAL ELIGIBLE MEN: LINE NUMBER OF RESPONDENT TO HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULE: HHMEMTOTAL (V136) reports the total number of members of the woman's household. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, HHMEMTOTAL is calculated by summing "the number of usual residents and the number of visitors who slept in the house the previous night that were listed in the household schedule." "Usual residents" of the household are identified by the RESIDENT variable. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Number of children under 5 in household HHKIDLT5 (V137) reports the number of children age 5 and under who reside in the household. Visiting children are not included in the count. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Number of eligible women in household INTERVIEWER VISITS FIRST VISIT (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD VISITS) DATE INTERVIEWER'S NAME RESULT* 1 COMPLETED 2 NO HOUSEHOLD MEMBER AT HOME OR NO COMPETENT RESPONDENT AT HOME AT TIME OF VISIT 3 ENTIRE HOUSEHOLD ABSENT FOR EXTENDED PERIOD OF TIME 4 POSTPONED 5 REFUSED 6 DWELLING VACANT OR ADDRESS NOT A DWELLING 7 DWELLING DESTROYED 8 DWELLING NOT FOUND 9 OTHER (SPECIFY) NEXT VISIT DATE TIME FINAL VISIT DAY MONTH YEAR INTERVIEWER'S CODE RESULT* TOTAL NUMBER OF VISITS: TOTAL PERSONS IN HOUSEHOLD: TOTAL ELIGIBLE WOMEN: TOTAL ELIGIBLE MEN: LINE NUMBER OF RESPONDENT TO HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULE: HHELIGWOMEN (V138) reports the number of eligible women in the household, usually defined as women of childbearing age who slept in the household the previous night (regardless of whether they were usual residents or visitors). The age and marital status guidelines for defining eligible women varies across samples. See Comparability. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 36 36 36 99 No women age 15-49 Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Age of household head HHEADAGE (V152) reports the age of the head of the household. 98 Missing 97 97+ 96 96 95 95 94 94 93 93 92 92 91 91 90 90 89 89 88 88 87 87 86 86 85 85 84 84 83 83 82 82 81 81 80 80 79 79 78 78 77 77 76 76 75 75 74 74 73 73 72 72 71 71 70 70 69 69 68 68 67 67 66 66 65 65 64 64 63 63 62 62 61 61 60 60 59 59 58 58 57 57 56 56 55 55 54 54 53 53 52 52 51 51 50 50 49 49 48 48 47 47 46 46 45 45 44 44 43 43 42 42 41 41 40 40 39 39 38 38 37 37 36 36 35 35 34 34 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Age of household head (from HH record) HHEADAGEHH (HV220) reports the age of the head of the household. The information in HHEADAGEHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 98 Missing 96 Non-resident 95 95+ 94 94 93 93 92 92 91 91 90 90 89 89 88 88 87 87 86 86 85 85 84 84 83 83 82 82 81 81 80 80 79 79 78 78 77 77 76 76 75 75 74 74 73 73 72 72 71 71 70 70 69 69 68 68 67 67 66 66 65 65 64 64 63 63 62 62 61 61 60 60 59 59 58 58 57 57 56 56 55 55 54 54 53 53 52 52 51 51 50 50 49 49 48 48 47 47 46 46 45 45 44 44 43 43 42 42 41 41 40 40 39 39 38 38 37 37 36 36 35 35 34 34 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 99 NIU (not in universe) 01 1 97 Don't know Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Sex of household head HHEADSEX (V151) reports the sex of the head of the household. 8 Missing 2 Female 1 Male Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Sex of household head (from hh record) HHEADSEXHH (HV219) reports the sex of the head of the household. The information in HHEADSEXHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 1 Male 2 Female 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Relationship structure in HH 3. RELATIONSHIP TO HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD: What is the relationship of (NAME) to the head of the household? 01 HEAD 02 WIFE OR HUSBAND 03 SON OR DAUGHTER 04 SON-IN-LAW OR DAUGHTER-IN-LAW 05 GRANDCHILD 06 PARENT 07 PARENT-IN-LAW 09 BROTHER OR SISTER 10 OTHER RELATIVE 11 ADOPTED OR FOSTER OR STEPCHILD 12 NOT RELATED 98 DON'T KNOW FAMSTRUCTR (HV217) indicates the relationship structure (no adults, one adult, two related adults of the opposite sex, two related adults of the same sex, three or more related adults, or unrelated adults) in the household. Only usual (de jure) household members aged 15 and over are considered in determining the household's relationship structure. FAMSTRUCTR is a constructed variable, based on information about each household member's age, sex, and relationship to the householder, which was collected when completing the listing of persons in the household at the time of the survey. The information in FAMSTRUCTR is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 8 Missing 6 Non-resident 5 Unrelated adults 4 Three plus related adults 3 Two adults, same sex 2 Two adults, opp sex 1 One adult 0 No adults 9 NIU (not in universe) Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Main material of outside walls of dwelling 25. MAIN MATERIAL OF THE WALLS. RECORD OBSERVATION. NATURAL WALLS JUTE OR BAMBOO OR MUD (KATCHA) 11 RUDIMENTARY WALLS WOOD 21 FINISHED WALLS BRICK OR CEMENT 31 TIN 32 OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 WALL (HV214) reports the main material of the outside walls of the dwelling. Response categories vary widely across surveys but fall into broad groups (i.e., natural materials, rudimentary processed materials, and finished materials). See Comparability. 376 Metal, unspecified 375 Corrugated asbestos 374 Iron or zinc sheets 292 Unburnt brick with cement 127 Animal dung 126 Hay with mud 241 Trunks with mud 000 No walls 100 NATURAL 110 Cane/palm/trunks/grass/sticks 111 Cane/palm/trunks 112 Cane/trunks 113 Cane/trunks/bamboo/reeds 114 Palm branches 115 Sticks 116 Shells 120 Earth/mud/dirt/dung 121 Unbaked brick, mud, or earth 122 Earth 123 Mud 124 Mud, dung 125 Dirt 130 Thatch/mat/leaves/straw/reeds 131 Grass 132 Thatch or straw 200 RUDIMENTARY 210 Bamboo with mud 211 Bamboo/wood with mud 212 Bamboo 220 Stone with mud 230 Rough wood 231 Plywood 232 Reused wood 233 Timber 234 Wood/metal planks 240 Poles and mud 250 Tin/cardboard/paper/bags 251 Cardboard 252 Carton 260 Uncovered adobe 270 Corrugated metal 280 Canvas/tent 300 FINISHED 310 Cement/concrete 311 Semi-dur (cement and sand blocks) 320 Bricks 321 Finished/burnt bricks 322 Burnt bricks with mud 323 Burnt bricks with cement 324 Sundried bricks 330 Cement blocks 340 Wood planks/shingles 341 Wood and grass 350 Stone 351 Stone with lime/cement 360 Covered adobe 370 Other finished 371 Metal or asbestos sheets 400 OTHER 998 Missing 996 Non-resident 290 Unburnt bricks 373 T-iron/wood/brick 372 Tin 377 Prefab 291 Unburnt brick and plaster 999 NIU (not in universe) Housing Variables -- TOPICS Main material of floor 26. MAIN MATERIAL OF THE FLOOR. RECORD OBSERVATION. NATURAL FLOOR EARTH OR BAMBOO (KATCHA) 11 RUDIMENTARY FLOOR WOOD 21 FINISHED FLOOR (PUKKA) CEMENT OR CONCRETE 31 OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 FLOOR (HV213) reports the main material of the floor of the dwelling. Response categories vary widely across surveys but fall into broad groups (i.e., natural materials, rudimentary processed materials, and finished materials). See Comparability. 116 Mud and hay 999 NIU (not in universe) 391 Plaster 996 Non-resident 100 NATURAL 110 Earth-based 111 Earth, sand 112 Earth, mud 113 Earth, mud, clay 114 Sand 115 Dirt/Earth 120 Dung-based 121 Dung 122 Earth and dung 123 Mud, dung, sand 200 RUDIMENTARY 210 Wood 211 Wood planks 212 Wood and tile 213 Wood/palm/bamboo 220 Palm/bamboo 221 Palm/bamboo/leaves 230 Other rudimentary 231 Broken bricks 232 Adobe 233 Unfinished stone 300 FINISHED 310 Parquet/polished wood 311 Polished wood/vinyl/tiles 320 Vinyl/asphalt strips/linoleum 321 Linoleum 330 Tiles/mosaic 331 Ceramic tiles 332 Cement tiles 333 Ceramic/terrazo tiles 334 Ceramic/marble tiles 335 Tiles/brick 340 Cement/concrete 350 Carpet 360 Terrazzo 370 Stone 380 Bricks 390 Other finished 400 OTHER 997 Don't know 998 Missing 322 Vinyl 351 Mat Housing Variables -- TOPICS Main material of roof 24. MAIN MATERIAL OF THE ROOF. RECORD OBSERVATION. NATURAL ROOF KATCHA (BAMBOO OR THATCH) 11 RUDIMENTARY ROOF TIN 21 FINISHED ROOF (PUKKA) CEMENT OR CONCRETE OR TILED 31 OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 ROOF (HV215) reports the main material of the roof of the dwelling. Response categories vary widely across surveys but fall into broad groups (i.e., natural materials, rudimentary processed materials, and finished materials). See Comparability. 126 Mud and hay 118 Sticks/sticks with mud or dung 333 Reinforced brick cement 996 Non-resident 000 No roof 100 NATURAL 110 Thatch/palm leaf/grass/makuti 111 Thatch/palm leaf 112 Grass, thatch 113 Grass, thatch, makuti 114 Thatch 115 Thatch/mat/leaves 116 Leaves 117 Grass/leaves/mud 120 Earth 121 Mud 122 Dung, mud 123 Earth, mud 124 Sod 125 Sod/mud and grass mixture 130 Straw 200 RUDIMENTARY 210 Rustic mat 211 Rustic mat, plastic sheets 220 Plastic/polythene sheet 230 Palm/bamboo 231 Palm, bamboo, grass 232 Reed, bamboo 240 Wood planks 241 Wooden tiles, planks 242 Wood, mulch 250 Cardboard 260 Rudimentary - metal 261 Tin cans 262 Iron sheets 270 Other rudimentary 271 Mobile roofs of nomads 272 Skin 300 FINISHED 310 Metal 311 Metal, zinc 312 Corrugated metal sheet, asbestos 313 Corrugated iron 314 Tin 315 Asbetos 320 Wood 330 Cement/concrete 331 Cement 332 Concrete 340 Tiles 341 Ceramic tiles 342 Iron and tiles 343 Tiles/slate 344 Mud tiles 345 Ceramic tiles, harvey (steel) tiles 350 Cement fiber 351 Calamine/cement fiber 352 Asbestos, cement fiber 353 Zinc/cement fiber 360 Roofing shingles 370 Bricks 371 Unburnt bricks 372 Burnt brick 380 Stone 381 Loosely packed stone 382 Stone slabs 383 Slate 400 OTHER 998 Missing 273 Waste materials 999 NIU (not in universe) Housing Variables -- TOPICS Has electricity 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 ELECTRC (V119) indicates whether the household has electricity. Samples vary in how that information was collected. See Comparability. 8 Missing 1 Yes 0 No 6 Non-resident Housing Variables -- TOPICS Dwelling has electricity (from hh record) 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 ELECTRCHH (HV206) indicates whether the household has electricity. Samples vary in how that information was collected. The information in ELECTRCHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Housing Variables -- TOPICS Type of toilet facility 20. What kind of toilet facility does your household have? SEPTIC TANK OR MODERN TOILET 11 PIT TOILET OR LATRINE WATER SEALED OR SLAB LATRINE 21 PIT LATRINE 22 OPEN LATRINE 23 HANGING LATRINE 24 NO FACILITY OR BUSH OR FIELD 31 (GO TO 22) OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 TOILETTYPE (HV205) reports the household's type of toilet facility, with no facility coded "0." Responses vary widely across surveys; see Comparability. The information in TOILETTYPE is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 3431 Pit latrine with ventilation pipe, no mesh 9996 Non-resident 0000 NO FACILITY 1000 FLUSH TOILET 1100 Unspecified type of flush toilet 1110 Own flush toilet (unspecified type) 1120 Shared flush toilet (unspecified type) 1200 Modern flush toilet 1210 Flush to piped sewer system 1300 Traditional with tank flush 1400 Bucket flush toilet 1410 Flush to pit latrine 1420 Flush to somewhere else 1430 Flush, don't know where 2000 NON-FLUSHING TOILET 2100 Composting toilet 2200 Dry toilet 2300 Ecosan toilet 3000 PIT TOILET LATRINE 3100 Unspecified type of pit latrine 3110 Own pit toilet or latrine (unspecified type) 3120 Shared pit toiletor latrine (unspecified type) 3121 Public pit toilet or latrine (unspecified type) 3200 Traditional pit toilet or latrine 3210 Pit latrine without slab or open pit 3300 Pit latrine with slab 3400 Ventilated improved pit latrine 3410 Covered pit latrine, no slab 3420 Covered pit latrine with slab 3430 Covered latrine 3440 Septic pit 4000 UNIMPROVED TOILET 4100 Bucket toilet 4200 River 4300 Hanging latrine over water source 5000 OTHER 9998 Missing 1112 Private flush toilet, outside residence 1211 Flush to piped sewer system, indoors 1212 Flush to piped sewer system, inside yard 1213 Flush to piped sewer system, out of yard 3310 Pit latrine with washable slab 3320 Pit latrine with non-washable slab 3490 Other improved system 3463 Latrine to piped public system, out of yard 3462 Latrine to piped public system, inside yard 3461 Latrine to piped public system, indoors 3443 Latrine to septic tank, out of yard 3442 Latrine to septic tank, inside yard 3441 Latrine to septic tank, indoors 3212 Open pit latrine, out of yard 3211 Open pit latrine, inside yard 1253 Flush to septic tank, out of yard 1252 Flush to septic tank, inside yard 1251 Flush to septic tank, indoors 1250 Flush to septic tank 1240 Flush, not to sewer 1233 Flush to ground water, out of yard 1232 Flush to ground water, inside yard 1231 Flush to ground water, indoors 3450 Latrine with manual flush 3460 Latrine to piped public system 9999 NIU (not in universe) 1230 Flush to pipe connected to ground water 1220 Flush to pipe connected to canal 1132 Public flush toilet, outside residence 1131 Public flush toilet, inside residence 1130 Public flush toilet (unspecified type) 1111 Private flush toilet, inside residence Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Major source of non-drinking water 18. What is the main source of water your household uses for dishwashing? PIPED WATER PIPED INSIDE DWELLING 11 PIPED OUTSIDE DWELLING 12 WELL WATER TUBE WELL OR DEEP TUBE WELL 21 SURFACE WELL OR OTHER WELL 22 SURFACE WATER POND OR TANK OR LAKE 31 RIVER OR STREAM 32 RAINWATER 41 OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 NDRINKWTR (HV202) reports the household's main source of water for uses other than drinking (for example, cooking and washing). Responses vary widely across surveys; see Comparability. The information in NDRINKWTR is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 9996 Non-resident 1000 PIPED WATER 1100 Piped into own dwelling/yard/plot 1110 Piped into own dwelling 1120 Piped into own yard/plot 1200 Piped outside own residence/plot 1210 Public tap/standpipe 1220 Piped into neighbor's dwelling/yard 2000 WELL WATER 2100 Unprotected/open well 2110 Open well in own dwelling/yard/plot 2111 Open well in own dwelling 2112 Open well in own yard/plot 2120 Open public well 2130 Open well in neighbor's residence 2200 Protected well 2210 Protected well in own dwelling/yard/plot 2211 Protected well in own dwelling 2212 Protected well in own yard/plot 2220 Protected public well 2230 Tube well or borehole 2231 Borehole in yard/plot 2232 Public borehole 2300 Unspecified well 2310 Unspecified well in residence/yard/plot 2311 Unspecified well in own dwelling 2312 Unspecified well in own yard/plot 2313 Handpump in yard/plot 2320 Unspecified public well 2321 Public shallow well 2322 Public traditional well 2323 Public handpump 2330 Unspecified neighbor's well 2340 Unspecified well by type 2341 Well with pump 2342 Well without pump 3000 SURFACE WATER 3100 Spring 3110 Protected spring 3120 Unprotected spring 3200 River/dam/lake/ponds/streams/canal/irrigation channel 3210 River, stream 3220 Pond, lake 3230 Dam 3240 Canal or river/canal 3250 Irrigation ditch 3260 Dugout pond 3300 Channeled by gravity flow scheme 4000 RAINWATER 4100 Rainwater collected in tank 5000 PURCHASED FROM SUPPLIER 5100 Tanker truck 5200 Cart with small tank 5300 Water vendor 5400 Bottled water 5410 Sachet water (in a bag) 6000 OTHER SOURCE 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) 5201 Motorcycle with 3 wheels Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Major source of drinking water 19. What is the main source of drinking water for members of your household? PIPED WATER PIPED INSIDE DWELLING 11 PIPED OUTSIDE DWELLING 12 WELL WATER TUBE WELL OR DEEP TUBE WELL 21 SURFACE WELL OR OTHER WELL 22 SURFACE WATER POND OR TANK OR LAKE 31 RIVER OR STREAM 32 RAINWATER 41 OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 DRINKWTR (HV201) reports the household's main source of drinking water. Responses vary widely across surveys; see Comparability. The information in DRINKWTR is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 2213 Protected well in neighbor's residence/plot 9996 Non-resident 1000 PIPED WATER 1100 Piped into own dwelling/yard/plot 1110 Piped into own dwelling 1120 Piped into own yard/plot 1200 Piped outside own residence/plot 1210 Public tap/standpipe 1220 Piped into neighbor's dwelling/yard 2000 WELL WATER 2100 Unprotected/open well 2110 Open well in own dwelling/yard/plot 2111 Open well in own dwelling 2112 Open well in own yard/plot 2120 Open public well 2130 Open well in neighbor's residence 2200 Protected well 2210 Protected well in own dwelling/yard/plot 2211 Protected well in own dwelling 2212 Protected well in own yard/plot 2220 Protected public well 2230 Tube well or borehole 2231 Borehole in yard/plot 2232 Public borehole 2300 Unspecified well 2310 Unspecified well in residence/yard/plot 2311 Unspecified well in own dwelling 2312 Unspecified well in own yard/plot 2313 Handpump in yard/plot 2320 Unspecified public well 2321 Public shallow well 2322 Public traditional well 2323 Public handpump 2330 Unspecified neighbor's well 2340 Unspecified well by type 2341 Well with pump 2342 Well without pump 3000 SURFACE WATER 3100 Spring 3110 Protected spring/surface water 3120 Unprotected spring/surface water 3200 River/dam/lake/ponds/streams/canal/irrigation channel 3210 River, stream 3220 Pond, lake 3230 Dam 3240 Canal or river/canal 3250 Irrigation ditch 3260 Dugout pond 3300 Channeled by gravity flow scheme 4000 RAINWATER 4100 Rainwater collected in tank 5000 PURCHASED FROM SUPPLIER 5100 Tanker truck 5200 Cart with small tank 5300 Water vendor 5400 Bottled water 5410 Sachet water (in a bag) 6000 OTHER SOURCE 9998 Missing 1211 Public tap from filtration plant 1212 Public tap from stone pipes 5310 Water vendor from unknown source 5320 Water vendor from protected well 5330 Water vendor from unprotected well 5340 Water vendor from pond/lake 9999 NIU (not in universe) 5500 Community reverse osmosis plant 5201 Motorcycle with 3 wheels Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS HH treats water by: Boiling 19A. Do you boil drinking water? YES 1 NO 2 TRBOIL(HV237A) indicates whether the household boiled water to make it safer to drink. The information in TRBOIL is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 12 Yes, some of the time 11 Yes, most of the time 00 No 96 Non-resident 10 Yes 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Household has telephone 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 HHPHONE (V153) indicates whether the household has a telephone. How the question was worded changed over time. See Comparability. The related variable MOBPHONE covers the household's access to a mobile phone, specifically. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing Possessions Variables -- TOPICS House has telephone (household record) 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 HHPHONEHH (HV221) indicates whether any member of the household has a telephone (based on information from the household record). The information in HHPHONEHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has bicycle 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 BIKE (V123) indicates whether any member of the household has a bicycle. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has bicycle (from HH record) 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 BIKEHH (HV210) indicates whether any member of the household has a bicycle. The information in BIKEHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has motorcycle/scooter 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 MOTORCYCL (V124) indicates whether any member of the household owns a motorcycle or scooter. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has motorcycle/scooter (from HH record) 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 MOTORCYCLHH (HV211) indicates whether any member of the household owns a motorcycle or scooter. The information in MOTORCYCLHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH owns homestead 27. Does your household own any homestead? IF 'NO', PROBE: Does your household own homestead any other places? YES 1 NO 2 HOMESTEAD indicates whether the household owns any homestead, either where members currently reside or in some other place. The term "homestead" generally refers to a house (most often a farmhouse), outbuildings, and the land on which these buildings are located. The information in HOMESTEAD is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH owns land (other than homestead) 27A. Does your household own any land (other than the homestead land)? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 29) NONHOMESTEAD indicates whether the household owns any land other than their homestead (i.e., other than the land where the family's house and outbuildings are located). The complementary variable HOMESTEAD indicates whether the household owns its homestead land. The information in NONHOMESTEAD is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has radio 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 RADIO (V120) indicates whether the household has a radio. Some samples specified that the radio must be working or fit other specifications. See Comparability. 8 Unknown 1 Yes 0 No 6 Non-resident Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has radio (from HH record) 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 RADIOHH (HV207) indicates whether any member of the household owns a radio. Some samples specified that the radio must be working or fit other specifications. See Comparability. The information in RADIOHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has television 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 TELEVISION (V121) indicates whether the household has a television. Some samples specified that the TV must be in working order. See Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has television (from HH record) 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 TVHH (HV208) indicates whether any member of the household has a television. Some samples specified that the TV must be in working order. See Comparability. The information in TVHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has sewing machine 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 SEWMACHINE indicates whether the household had a sewing machine. 6 Non-resident 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has watch or clock 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 WATCHCLOCK indicates whether the household has access to a timepiece, either a watch or a clock. The related variable CLOCKONLY indicates whether the household has a clock. See Comparability. The information in WATCHCLOCK is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 6 Non-resident 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has bed 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 BED indicates whether the household had a bed. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has table and chairs 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 TABLECHARYN indicates whether the household has a table and chairs. The information in TABLECHARYN is taken from the household record, linked to the record of the woman respondent. This information applies to household residents, not temporary visitors, so researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2"). 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has bench 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 BENCHYN indicates whether the household has a bench. The information in BENCHYN is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has wardrobe or bookcase 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 WARDBOOKYN indicates whether the household has wardrobe or bookcase. The information in WARDBOOKYN is taken from the household record, linked to the record of the woman respondent. This information applies to household residents, not temporary visitors, so researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2"). 6 Non-resident 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has vulnerable group feeding card 30. Does your family have a vulnerable group feeding (VGF) card? YES 1 NO 2 HHVGFCARD indicates whether the household has a "vulnerable group feeding (VGF) card." The vulnerable group feeding cards were meant to be distributed to very poor people by the Bangladesh government, beginning in 1975. According to the International Labor Organization's description of the program: Programme provides in-kind wheat transfer to enable destitute rural women to improve their economic and social condition. A complementary package of development services was introduced in 1988, including health and nutrition education, literacy training, savings. Possession of a VGF card is not a certain marker of destitution, since an estimated 15 percent of the grain allotted was misallocated by local committees to better-off households for resale. The information in HHVGFCARD is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing Material hardship Variables -- TOPICS HH has income from social welfare source 31. Do you have any male or female member in this household who are receiving old age pension or widow or destitute benefit? YES 1 NO 2 HHWELFAREY indicates whether any member of the household has income from some type of social welfare program or pension. The information in HHWELFAREY is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing Material hardship Variables -- TOPICS HH consumption deficit or surplus 29. In terms of household food consumption, how do you classify your household: deficit in whole year; somewhat deficit; neither deficit nor surplus; surplus. DEFICIT IN WHOLE YEAR 1 SOMETIMES DEFICIT 2 NEITHER DEFICIT NOT SURPLUS 3 SURPLUS 4 CONSUMDEFICITFQ reports whether the household's (food) consumption could be best characterized as surplus, neither surplus nor deficit, occasional deficit, or always in deficit. The information in CONSUMDEFICITFQ is taken from the household record and applies to household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors (coded "2") using: RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis; HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis; RESIDENTMN variable when men are the unit of analysis. 10 Surplus 20 Neither deficit nor surplus 30 Deficit 31 Occasional/sometimes deficit 32 Always deficit 96 Non-resident 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Food insufficiency Variables -- TOPICS Currently working 807. Now I would like to ask you some questions about your work. Aside from your own housework, are you currently working? YES 1 (GO TO 809) NO 2 CURRWORK (V714) indicates whether the woman is currently working at a job or business. To distinguish employment from household labor, many surveys included a preface such as the following: "As you know, some women take up jobs for which they are paid in cash or in kind. Others sell things, have a small business or work on the family farm or in the family business." Women who have worked outside of their own housework in the last 12 months and been paid in cash, cash and in-kind, or only in-kind payments are included as working, although the survey questions vary in who receives an affirmative response. See Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneous 12 Yes, prompted 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Woman's occupation 809. What is your occupation, that is, what kind of work do (did) you mainly do? ___ WKCURRJOB (V717) reports the occupation of the respondent in somewhat standardized categories. The categories included, and the degree of detail within broad categories (e.g., self-employed versus employee in agriculture, or simply agriculture), vary across samples. IPUMS-DHS employs composite coding to maximize comparability across samples (using the first digit of the codes to indicate broad job categories) without loss of detailed information (preserved in the second digit). The category "agriculture" includes fishermen, foresters, breeders, and hunters as well as farmers. 00 Not currently working 10 Professional, technical, or managerial worker 20 Clerical or Sales 21 Clerical worker 22 Sales worker 30 Agricultural 31 Self-employed agricultural worker 32 Agricultural employee 40 Household, domestic, and services 41 Household and domestic worker 42 Services worker 50 Skilled and unskilled manual 51 Skilled manual worker 52 Unskilled manual worker 60 Armed forces 96 Other 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Respondent works all year, seasonally, or occasionally 810. Do you usually work throughout the year, or do you work seasonally, or only once in a while? THROUGHOUT THE YEAR 1 SEASONALLY OR PART OF THE YEAR 2 ONCE IN A WHILE 3 WKEMPLOYWHEN (V732) indicates whether the woman works throughout the year, seasonally, or occasionally. 10 All year 20 Less than all year 21 Most of the year 22 Part of the year 23 Seasonally 24 Occasionally 25 Temporary 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) 29 Other Work Variables -- TOPICS Type of earnings for respondent's work 811. Are you paid in cash or kind for this work or are you not paid? CASH ONLY 1 KIND ONLY 2 CASH AND KIND 3 NOT PAID 4 WKEARNTYPE (V741) reports the type of earnings for the respondent's work. 0 Not paid 1 Paid in cash only 2 Paid in cash and in kind 3 Paid in kind only 4 Other 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Partner's occupation 806. What kind of work does (did) your (last) husband mainly do? ___ HUSJOB (V705) reports the occupation of the woman's husband/partner in somewhat standardized categories. The categories included, and the degree of detail within broad categories (e.g., self-employed versus employee in agriculture, or simply agriculture), vary across samples. IPUMS-DHS employs composite coding to maximize comparability across samples (using the first digit of the codes to indicate broader job categories) without loss of detailed information (preserved in the second digit). The category "agriculture" includes fishermen, foresters, breeders, and hunters as well as farmers. 10 Did not work 11 Not working, student or applicant 12 Unemployed 13 Student 20 Prof., Tech., Manag. 30 Clerical or Sales 31 Clerical 32 Sales 40 Agricultural, breeding, fishing, forest 41 Agriculture, self-employed 42 Agriculture, employee 50 Household, domestic, and services 51 Household and domestic 52 Services 60 Skilled and unskilled manual 61 Skilled manual 62 Unskilled manual 70 Other 71 Army 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Household wealth index in quintiles WEALTHQ (V190) refers to the relative wealth of the household where the woman lives, divided into quintiles from the poorest (code 1) to the richest (code 5). The wealth index is defined in the DHS Recode Manuals as follows: The wealth index is a composite measure of a household's cumulative living standard. The wealth index is calculated using easy-to-use data on a household's ownership of selected assets, such as televisions and bicycles; materials used for housing construction; and types of water access and sanitation facilities. Generated with a statistical procedure known as principal components analysis, the wealth index places individual households on a continuous scale of relative wealth. DHS separates all interviewed households into five quintiles of wealth. For additional information about the calculation and meaning of the wealth index, users should consult the summary information about the wealth index on The DHS Program website here [URL omitted from DDI.] and/or the DHS Comparative Report on "The DHS Wealth Index" here [URL omitted from DDI.]. The complementary variable WEALTHS reports the wealth index factor score for the woman's household in a specific sample. WEALTHQ and WEALTHS are included on the woman's record for Phase 5 forward only. IPUMS-DHS has made available these variables for Phase 2 forward, by linking the wealth index files to the woman's individual recode files. The variables used to calculate wealth index quintiles and the level of wealth implied by a specific ranking are sample-specific. See Comparability. 1 Poorest 2 Poorer 3 Middle 4 Richer 5 Richest 8 Missing Wealth index Variables -- TOPICS Wealth index factor score (5 decimals) WEALTHS (V191) refers to the household's wealth index value generated by the product of standardized scores (z-scores) and factor coefficient scores (factor loadings) of wealth indicators. Most researchers will want to use instead the complementary variable WEALTHQ (V190), which reports quintile ranking (from poorest to richest) of the woman's household, in terms of wealth score, for a given sample. For further information about the calculation and meaning of the wealth index, see the description of WEALTHQ, the summary information about the wealth index on the DHS Program website here [URL omitted from DDI.] and/or the DHS Comparative Report on "The DHS Wealth Index" here [URL omitted from DDI.]. The variables used to calculate wealth index scores are sample-specific. See Comparability. WEALTHS (V191) is a 12-digit numeric variable. Wealth index Variables -- TOPICS Reported literacy 111. Can you read and write a letter in any language easily, with difficulty, or not at all? EASILY 1 WITH DIFFICULTY 2 NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 113) LIT1 (V108) indicates whether the woman could read. This information was obtained in response to the question, "Can you read a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?" In many countries, persons with secondary or higher levels of schooling were presumed to "read easily," but coding criteria varied across countries. Simply asking women whether and how easily they could read was the approach used to determine literacy in DHS Phases 1-3. Beginning in Phase 4, a different approach was employed to determine literacy. See LIT2 (V155) for details about that second approach, which involved having the respondent read a sentence aloud. See LITBRIG for information about using the data on literacy across all phases of the DHS. 00 Cannot read 10 Reads 11 Reads with difficulty 12 Reads easily 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Literacy bridging variable 111. Can you read and write a letter in any language easily, with difficulty, or not at all? EASILY 1 WITH DIFFICULTY 2 NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 113) LITBRIG serves as a bridging variable between two approaches to collecting information on literacy. Initially, respondents were asked, "Can you read a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?" In many countries, persons with secondary or higher levels of schooling were presumed to "read easily," but coding criteria varied across countries. Beginning with Phase 4 of the DHS, persons with less than secondary school education were asked to demonstrate their literacy level by reading aloud a sentence on a card and were classified as "cannot read at all," "able to read only parts of sentence," and "able to read whole sentence." As before, those with secondary or higher schooling were presumed to have attained the highest literacy level. LITBRIG combines information from the first approach of asking about literacy (in LIT1 [V108]) and the second approach of testing literacy based on reading a sentence aloud (in LIT2 [V155]). See Comparability for more information. 10 Yes, reads 11 Reads easily/whole sentence 12 Reads with difficulty/part of sentence 20 No, cannot read 30 Not ascertained (blind or diff. language) 31 No card with required language 32 Blind or visually impaired 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Highest educational level 12. What is the highest level of school (NAME) has attended? What is the highest class (NAME) has completed at that level? LEVEL 1 PRIMARY 2 SECONDARY 3 COLLEGE OR UNIVERSITY 8 DON'T KNOW CLASS 00 LESS THAN 1 YEAR COMPLETED 98 DON'T KNOW For women who ever went to school, EDUCLVL (V106) reports the highest level of school they attended. Countries vary in the gradations of their school systems, but EDUCLVL is a standardized variable reporting level of education in four broad categories: No education, Primary, Secondary, and Higher. The DHS recode manuals state, "In some countries the educational system does not fit naturally within this scheme, and a different categorization was used for the Final Report. In this case, this variable is constructed as accurately as possible from the country's own scheme, and the variable used for the Final Report is included as a country-specific variable." 0 No education 1 Primary 2 Secondary 3 Higher 8 Missing Education Variables -- TOPICS Highest year of education in level 12. What is the highest level of school (NAME) has attended? What is the highest class (NAME) has completed at that level? LEVEL 1 PRIMARY 2 SECONDARY 3 COLLEGE OR UNIVERSITY 8 DON'T KNOW CLASS 00 LESS THAN 1 YEAR COMPLETED 98 DON'T KNOW For women who ever attended school, YRSCHL (V107) reports the number of years of education completed at the highest level of schooling achieved (primary, secondary, or higher), as reported in EDUCLVL (V106). See Comparability. For the woman's total years of education, see EDYRTOTAL (V133). 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Total years education 12. What is the highest level of school (NAME) has attended? What is the highest class (NAME) has completed at that level? LEVEL 1 PRIMARY 2 SECONDARY 3 COLLEGE OR UNIVERSITY 8 DON'T KNOW CLASS 00 LESS THAN 1 YEAR COMPLETED 98 DON'T KNOW EDYRTOTAL (V133) reports the woman's education level in single years. This variable is constructed from responses to EDUCLVL (V106) and YRSCHL (V107) as follows: If EDUCLVL = "No education," EDYRTOTAL = "0" If EDUCLVL = "Primary," EDYRTOTAL = YRSCHL If EDUCLVL = "Secondary," EDYRTOTAL = YRSCHL + x If EDUCLVL = "Higher," EDYRTOTAL = YRSCHL + y If EDUCLVL = "Missing," EDYRTOTAL = "Missing" In the above equations, "x" equals the number of years needed to complete primary education, and "y" equals the number of years needed to complete primary and secondary education. The values of "x" and "y" are country-specific. 98 Missing 97 Don't know 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 01 1 00 0 96 Inconsistent 27 27 Education Variables -- TOPICS Summary educational achievement 12. What is the highest level of school (NAME) has attended? What is the highest class (NAME) has completed at that level? LEVEL 1 PRIMARY 2 SECONDARY 3 COLLEGE OR UNIVERSITY 8 DON'T KNOW CLASS 00 LESS THAN 1 YEAR COMPLETED 98 DON'T KNOW EDACHIEVER (V149) is a summary variable that reports the woman's highest level of education in broad categories. Countries vary in the gradations of their school systems, but EDACHIEVER is a standardized variable providing the level of education in six categories: No education, Incomplete primary, Complete primary, Incomplete secondary, Complete secondary, and Higher. EDACHIEVER is constructed from information contained in EDUCLVL (V106) and YRSCHL (V107). 0 No education 1 Incomplete primary 2 Complete primary 3 Incomplete secondary 4 Complete secondary 5 Higher 8 Missing Education Variables -- TOPICS Partner's educational level 804. What was the highest level of school he attended: primary, secondary, or higher? PRIMARY 1 SECONDARY 2 HIGHER 3 DON'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 806) For women who had ever been married or lived with a man, HUSEDLVL (V701) reports the highest level of school attended by their most recent husband/partner. Countries vary in the gradations of their school systems, but HUSEDLVL is a standardized variable reporting the level of education in four categories: No education, Primary, Secondary, and Higher. The DHS recode manuals state, "In some countries the educational system does not fit naturally within this scheme, and a different categorization was used for the Final Report. In this case, this variable is constructed as accurately as possible from the country's own scheme, and the variable used for the Final Report is included as a country-specific variable." 0 No education 1 Primary 2 Secondary 3 Higher 4 Other 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Partner's highest year of education in level 805. What was the highest (grade or form or year) he completed at that level? GRADE ___ DON'T KNOW 98 For women whose most recent husband/partner had ever attended school, HUSEDYR (V702) reports the number of years of schooling completed by their husband/partner at the educational level (primary, secondary, or higher) reported in HUSEDLVL (V701). For the husband's total years of education, see HUSEDYRS (V715). 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 95 Other 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Partner's education in total years schooling 804. What was the highest level of school he attended: primary, secondary, or higher? PRIMARY 1 SECONDARY 2 HIGHER 3 DON'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 806) For women who had ever been married or lived with a man, HUSEDYRS (V715) reports the education of the woman's most recent husband/partner in single years. This variable is constructed from responses to HUSEDLVL (V701) and HUSEDYR (V702) as follows: If HUSEDLVL = "No education," HUSEDYRS = "0" If HUSEDLVL = "Primary," HUSEDYRS = HUSEDYR If HUSEDLVL = "Secondary," HUSEDYRS = HUSEDYR + x If HUSEDLVL = "Higher," HUSEDYRS = HUSEDYR + y If HUSEDLVL = "Missing," HUSEDYRS = "Missing" In the above equations, "x" equals the number of years needed to complete primary education, and "y" equals the number of years needed to complete primary and secondary education. The values of "x" and "y" are country-specific. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 95 Other 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Husband's summary educational achievement 804. What was the highest level of school he attended: primary, secondary, or higher? PRIMARY 1 SECONDARY 2 HIGHER 3 DON'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 806) HUSEDACHIEVER (V729) is a summary variable that reports the highest level of education in broad categories for the woman's husband/partner. Countries vary in the gradations of their school systems, but HUSEDACHIEVER is a standardized variable providing the level of education in six categories: No education, Incomplete primary, Complete primary, Incomplete secondary, Complete secondary, and Higher. HUSEDACHIEVER is constructed from information contained in the HUSEDLVL (V701) and HUSEDYR (V702) variables. 0 No education 1 Incomplete primary 2 Complete primary 3 Incomplete secondary 4 Complete secondary 5 Higher 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Reads newspaper once a week 112. How often do you read newspaper or magazine: every day, at least once a week, or less than once a week? EVERY DAY 1 AT LEAST ONCE A WEEK 2 LESS THAN ONCE A WEEK 3 NEWSWK (V109) indicates whether the woman usually reads a newspaper or magazine at least once a week. For a comparable variable reporting the frequency of newspaper or magazine reading, see NEWSFQ (V157). For a variable bridging NEWSWK and NEWSFQ, see NEWSBRIG. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Media exposure Variables -- TOPICS Frequency of reading newspaper or magazine 112. How often do you read newspaper or magazine: every day, at least once a week, or less than once a week? EVERY DAY 1 AT LEAST ONCE A WEEK 2 LESS THAN ONCE A WEEK 3 NEWSFQ (V157) reports how often the woman usually reads a newspaper or magazine (not at all, less than once a week, once a week or more often, or almost every day). For a potentially comparable variable asking whether the woman reads the newspaper or a magazine at least once a week, see NEWSWK (V109). For a variable bridging NEWSFQ and NEWSWK, see NEWSBRIG. 00 Not at all 10 Less than once a week 20 Once a week or more 21 At least once a week 22 Almost every day 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) 97 Don't know Media exposure Variables -- TOPICS Reads newspaper: Bridging variable 112. How often do you read newspaper or magazine: every day, at least once a week, or less than once a week? EVERY DAY 1 AT LEAST ONCE A WEEK 2 LESS THAN ONCE A WEEK 3 NEWSBRIG serves as a bridging variable between two approaches to collecting information on exposure to newspapers and magazines. For DHS Phases 1-3, respondents were asked whether they read a newspaper or magazine at least once a week (NEWSWK (V109)). Beginning in DHS Phase 4, respondents were asked how often they read newspapers or magazines (NEWSFQ (V157)). NEWSBRIG uses composite coding to combine data from these two approaches. See Comparability for more information. 00 No 01 No, not at all 02 No, less than once a week 10 Yes 11 At least once a week 12 Almost every day 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) 97 Don't know Media exposure Variables -- TOPICS Watches TV every week 114A. How often do you watch television: every day, at least once a week, or less than once a week? EVERY DAY 1 AT LEAST ONCE A WEEK 2 LESS THAN ONCE A WEEK 3 TVWK (V110) indicates whether the woman usually watches television at least once a week. For a comparable variable reporting the frequency of watching television, see TVFQ (V159). For a variable bridging TVWK and TVFQ, see TVBRIG. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Media exposure Variables -- TOPICS Frequency of watching television 114A. How often do you watch television: every day, at least once a week, or less than once a week? EVERY DAY 1 AT LEAST ONCE A WEEK 2 LESS THAN ONCE A WEEK 3 TVFQ (V159) reports how often the woman usually watches television (not at all, less than once a week, at least once a week, or almost every day). For a comparable variable asking whether the woman watches television at least once a week, see TVWK (V110). For a variable bridging TVFQ and TVWK (V110), see TVBRIG. 00 Not at all 10 Less than once a week 20 Once a week or more 21 At least once a week 22 Almost every day 98 Missing 97 Don't know Media exposure Variables -- TOPICS Watches television: Bridging variable 114A. How often do you watch television: every day, at least once a week, or less than once a week? EVERY DAY 1 AT LEAST ONCE A WEEK 2 LESS THAN ONCE A WEEK 3 TVBRIG serves as a bridging variable between two approaches to collecting information on exposure to television. For DHS Phases 1-3, respondents were asked whether they watch television at least once a week (TVWK (V110)). Beginning in DHS Phase 4, respondents were asked how often they watch television (TVFQ (V159)). TVBRIG uses composite coding to combine data from these two approaches; see Comparability. 00 No 01 No, not at all 02 No, less than once a week 10 Yes 11 At least once a week 12 Almost every day 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) 97 Don't know Media exposure Variables -- TOPICS Frequency of listening to radio 113A. How often do you listen to the radio: every day, at least once a week, or less than once a week? EVERY DAY 1 AT LEAST ONCE A WEEK 2 LESS THAN ONCE A WEEK 3 RADIOFQ (V158) reports how often the woman usually listens to the radio (not at all, less than once a week, at least once a week, or almost every day). For a comparable variable that asks about whether the woman listens to the radio at least once a week, see RADIOWK (V112). For a variable bridging RADIOFQ and RADIOWK (V112), see RADIOBRIG. 00 Not at all 10 Less than once a week 20 Once a week or more 21 At least once a week 22 Almost every day 98 Missing 97 Don't know Media exposure Variables -- TOPICS Listens to radio: Bridging variable 113A. How often do you listen to the radio: every day, at least once a week, or less than once a week? EVERY DAY 1 AT LEAST ONCE A WEEK 2 LESS THAN ONCE A WEEK 3 RADIOBRIG serves as a bridging variable between two approaches to collecting information on exposure to the radio. For DHS Phases 1-3, respondents were asked whether they listen to the radio at least once a week (RADIOWK (V112)). Beginning in DHS Phase 4, respondents were asked how often they listen to the radio (RADIOFQ (V158)). RADIOBRIG uses composite coding to combine data from these two approaches; see Comparability. 00 No 01 Not at all 02 Less than once a week 10 Yes 11 At least once a week 12 Almost every day 98 Missing 97 Don't know Media exposure Variables -- TOPICS Final say on making large household purchases 812. Who in your family usually has the final say on the following decisions: Your own health care? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Child health care? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Making large household purchases? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Making household purchases for daily needs? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Visits to family, friends, or relatives? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 What food should be cooked each day? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 DECBIGHH (V743B) indicates who in the woman's household usually makes decisions regarding large household purchases. 10 Woman alone 20 Woman and husband/partner 30 Woman and someone else 40 Husband/partner 50 Someone else 51 Other senior male 52 Other senior female 60 Other or not applicable 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) 53 Family elders/relatives Decision-making Variables -- TOPICS Final say on household purchases for daily needs 812. Who in your family usually has the final say on the following decisions: Your own health care? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Child health care? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Making large household purchases? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Making household purchases for daily needs? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Visits to family, friends, or relatives? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 What food should be cooked each day? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 DECDAILYPUR (V743C) indicates who in the woman's household usually makes decisions regarding household purchases for daily needs. 1 Woman alone 2 Woman and husband/partner 3 Woman and someone else 4 Husband/partner 5 Someone else 6 Other or not applicable 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Decision-making Variables -- TOPICS Final say on visits to family or relatives 812. Who in your family usually has the final say on the following decisions: Your own health care? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Child health care? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Making large household purchases? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Making household purchases for daily needs? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Visits to family, friends, or relatives? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 What food should be cooked each day? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 DECFAMVISIT (V743D) indicates who in the woman's household usually makes decisions regarding (the woman's) visits to family or relatives. 1 Woman alone 2 Woman and husband/partner 3 Woman and someone else 4 Husband/partner 5 Someone else 6 Other or not applicable 7 Family elders/relatives 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Decision-making Variables -- TOPICS Final say on woman's health care 812. Who in your family usually has the final say on the following decisions: Your own health care? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Child health care? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Making large household purchases? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Making household purchases for daily needs? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Visits to family, friends, or relatives? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 What food should be cooked each day? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 DECFEMHCARE (V743A) indicates who in the woman's household usually makes decisions regarding the woman's own healthcare. 1 Woman alone 2 Woman and husband/partner 3 Woman and someone else 4 Husband/partner 5 Someone else 6 Other/not applicable 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 7 Family elders/relatives Decision-making Variables -- TOPICS Final say on food to be cooked 812. Who in your family usually has the final say on the following decisions: Your own health care? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Child health care? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Making large household purchases? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Making household purchases for daily needs? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Visits to family, friends, or relatives? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 What food should be cooked each day? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 DECFOOD (V743E) indicates who in the woman's household usually makes decisions regarding food to be cooked each day. 1 Woman alone 2 Woman and husband/partner 3 Woman and someone else 4 Husband/partner 5 Someone else 6 Other or not applicable 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Decision-making Variables -- TOPICS Final say on children's health care 812. Who in your family usually has the final say on the following decisions: Your own health care? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Child health care? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Making large household purchases? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Making household purchases for daily needs? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Visits to family, friends, or relatives? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 What food should be cooked each day? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 DECKIDHEALTH reports who has the final say on the children's health care. The related variable DECKIDHCARE (V466) indicates whether the respondent can decide whether a sick child gets medical treatment. 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 6 Other or not applicable 5 Someone else 4 Husband/partner 3 Woman and someone else 2 Woman and husband/partner 1 Woman alone Decision-making Variables -- TOPICS Can visit health center/hospital alone 819. Can you go to a health center or hospital alone (or with your young children)? YES, ALONE 1 YES, WITH CHILDREN 2 YES, WITH HUSBAND 3 NO 4 OTHER (SPECIFY) 6 DECHLCENTERGO indicates whether the respondent is allowed to go to a health center or hospital alone or with someone else. The related variable HLCENTERGO indicates whether the respondent goes to a health center or hospital alone or with her young children. 00 No 10 Yes, alone 20 Yes, with someone else 21 Yes, with children 22 Yes, with husband 23 Yes, with relatives 90 No child 95 Other 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Decision-making Variables -- TOPICS Can leave town alone 816. Can you go outside the village or town or city along (or with your young children)? YES, ALONE 1 YES, WITH CHILDREN 2 NO 3 (GO TO 818) OTHER (SPECIFY) 6 DECLEAVETOWN indicates whether the respondent is allowed to leave the village/town/city alone or with someone else. The related variable LEAVETOWN indicates whether the respondent leaves the village/town/city alone or with her young children. 00 No 10 Yes, alone 20 Yes, with someone else 21 Yes, with children 95 Other 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Decision-making Variables -- TOPICS Visits health center/hospital alone or with young children 818. Do you go to a health center or hospital alone (or with you young children)? YES, ALONE 1 (GO TO 8120) YES, WITH CHILDREN 2 (GO TO 820) YES, WITH HUSBAND 3 (GO TO 820) NO 4 OTHER (SPECIFY) 6 (GO TO 820) HLCENTERGO indicates whether the respondent goes to a health center or hospital alone or with her young children. 00 Does not go 10 By herself 20 With someone else 32 Yes, with husband 33 Yes, with relatives 90 No child 95 Other 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Other decision-making Variables -- TOPICS Leaves town alone or with young children 815. Do you go outside the village or town or city alone (or with your young children)? YES, ALONE 1 (GO TO 817) YES, WITH CHILDREN 2 (GO TO 817) NO 3 OTHER (SPECIFY) 6 (GO TO 817) LEAVETOWN indicates whether the respondent leaves the village/town/city alone or with her young children. 10 Yes, alone 20 Yes, with children 30 Other responses 31 No 32 Yes, with husband 33 Other, unspecified 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Other decision-making Variables -- TOPICS Frequency leaves town alone or with young children 817. How frequently do you go outside this village or town or city? ONCE A MONTH OR MORE 1 SEVERAL TIMES A YEAR 2 ONCE A YEAR OR LESS 3 NEVER 4 LEAVETOWNFQ reports how frequently the respondent leaves the village/town/city alone or with her young children. 0 Never 1 Once a year or less 2 Several times a year 3 Once a month or more 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Other decision-making Variables -- TOPICS Frequency goes shopping 813. How frequently do you go shopping or marketing? ONCE A MONTH OR MORE 1 SEVERAL TIMES A YEAR 2 ONCE A YEAR OR LESS 3 NEVER 4 (GO TO 815) SHOPFQ reports how frequently the respondent goes shopping or to the market. 0 Never 1 Once a year or less 2 Several times a year 3 Once a month or more 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Other decision-making Variables -- TOPICS Who accompanies respondent when she goes shopping 814. Do you usually go by yourself or do you go with children or your husband or other relatives? BY HERSELF 1 WITH CHILDREN 2 WITH HUSBAND 3 WITH RELATIVES 4 SHOPWITH indicates whether the respondent goes or is allowed to go shopping alone or with other people. 00 Does not go 10 By herself 20 With someone else 21 With children 22 With husband 23 With relatives/friends 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Other decision-making Variables -- TOPICS Fertility preferences 602. CHECK 226: NOT PREGNANT OR UNSURE: Now I have some questions about the future. Would you like to have (a or another) child, or would you prefer not to have any (more) children? PREGNANT: Now I have some questions about the future. After the child you are expecting now, would you like to have another child, or would you prefer not to have any more children? HAVE (A OR ANOTHER) CHILD 1 NO MORE OR NONE 2 (GO TO 604) SAYS SHE CAN'T GET PREGNANT 3 (GO TO 609) UNDECIDED OR DON'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 609) For countries with low contraceptive prevalence, FERTPREF (V602) reports responses to the question, "Would you like to have a (another) child or would you prefer not to have any (more) children"? The standard response categories are "have another," "no more/none," "says she can't get pregnant," and "undecided or don't know." In Phase I, FERTPREF (V602), was constructed from two questions in countries with high contraceptive prevalence (Model "A" questionnaires). Women who responded that they want another child, but when asked when they would like the next child, respond that they cannot get pregnant, are classified in the "declared infecund category," and not in the "Wants another" category. Some samples also include the response "up to God." More detailed responses under the general category "says she can't get pregnant" are sometimes available. In IPUMS-DHS, all responses in the general category of "not at risk of pregnancy" share a common first digit of 5, while the second digit distinguishes between the specific reasons. In some countries, women who never had sexual intercourse (coded as "53" in IPUMS-DHS) were not asked the questions relating to their desire for future children. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Missing 53 Never had sex 52 Declared infecund 51 Sterilized 50 Not at risk of pregnancy 40 Up to God 30 No more 20 Undecided 10 Have another General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Unmet need for FP 612. What is the main reason that you will not use a method at any time in the future? FERTILITY-RELATED REASONS NOT HAVING SEX 11 INFREQUENT SEX 12 MENOPAUSAL OR HYSTERECTOMY 13 SUB FECUND OR INFECUND 14 POSTPARTUM AMENORRHEIC 15 BREASTFEEDING 16 FATALISTIC 17 OPPOSITION TO USE RESPONDENT OPPOSED 21 HUSBAND OPPOSED 22 OTHERS OPPOSED 23 RELIGIOUS PROHIBITION 24 LACK OF KNOWLEDGE KNOWS NO METHOD 31 KNOWS NO SOURCE 32 METHOD-RELATED REASONS HEALTH CONCERNS 41 REAR OF SIDE EFFECTS 42 LACK OF ACCESS OR TOO FAR 43 COST TOO MUCH 45 INCONVENIENT TO USE 46 INTERFERES WITH BODY'S NORMAL PROCESSES 47 OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 DON'T KNOW 98 UNMETNEED (V624) is a constructed variable that reports a woman's need for family planning according to whether she has an unmet need or a met need to space or to limit her future births. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. The following describes the constructed categories in more detail: Unmet need for spacing includes pregnant women whose pregnancy was mistimed, postpartum amenorrheic women whose last birth was mistimed, and fecund women who are neither pregnant nor postpartum amenorrheic and who are not using any method of family planning and say they want to wait two or more years for their next birth, are undecided about the timing of the next birth, or are undecided whether to have another child. Unmet need for limiting includes pregnant women whose pregnancy was unwanted, postpartum amenorrheic women whose last birth was unwanted, and fecund women who are neither pregnant nor postpartum amenorrheic and who are not using any method of family planning and who want no more children. Met need for spacing includes women who are using some method of family planning and say they want to have another child, are undecided about the timing of the next birth, or are undecided whether to have another child. Met need for limiting includes women who are using family planning and who want no more children. Note that the specific methods (modern or traditional) are not taken into account here. Met need describes women who have no need for contraceptive methods, either because they desire a child soon (within the next two years) or because they are menopausal or infecund. In high contraceptive prevalence countries (Model "A" countries), pregnant and postpartum amenorrheic women whose pregnancy was the result of a contraceptive failure are not included in the category of unmet need, but they are categorized as spacing failures or limiting failures. In low contraceptive prevalence countries (Model "B" countries), no such distinction is made, since information was not collected on contraceptive failure. Infecund women are also excluded from the unmet need categories. The "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" provides the following definitions: Fecundity: A woman is assumed to be fecund unless she declares that she is infecund, had a hysterectomy, or is menopausic. Women who are neither pregnant nor postpartum amenorrheic but who have not menstruated for six or more months, and married women who have not used contraception in the past five years but have not had a birth and are not pregnant, are also considered infecund. Failure to Space: This includes women who are pregnant (not due to a contraceptive failure) or are less than six months postpartum amenorrheic who say they wanted the current pregnancy later. Failure to Limit: This includes women who are pregnant (not due to a contraceptive failure) or are less than six months postpartum amenorrheic who say that they did not want another child before they became pregnant. Excluded from the unmet need category are women who became pregnant while using a method (these women are in need of a better method of contraception). The infecund or menopausal category on the UNMETNEED (V624) variable contains fewer cases than the EXPOSURE1 variable, because women who are categorized as infecund or menopausal, but are currently using a contraceptive method, are recorded in the two "met need" categories in UNMETNEED. UNMETNEED (V624) incorporates responses to the following variables: [EXPOSURE1/V623], which reports the woman's exposure to the risk of pregnancy, defined as pregnant, postpartum amenorrheic, menopausal or infecund, and fecund. [ V225], which reports whether a current pregnancy was wanted then, later or not at all (for women who were pregnant at the time of interview). [KIDDESIRE/V605] ,which reports whether the woman wants more children and when she would like them. [FPMETHNOW/V312] which reports the woman's current use of contraception. Users are also encouraged to see details of this variable provided in the "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006) [URL omitted from DDI.]. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Missing 61 Desire birth in less than 2 years 60 No unmet need 53 Never had sex 52 Not in union, not sexually active 51 Infecund or menopausal 50 Not at risk 41 No sex, want to wait 40 Future need for FP 32 Limiting failure 31 Spacing failure 30 Had FP failure 22 Using to limit 21 Using to space 20 Now using FP 12 Unmet need to limit 11 Unmet need to space 10 Has unmet need for FP General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Unmet need for FP (2nd def) 612. What is the main reason that you will not use a method at any time in the future? FERTILITY-RELATED REASONS NOT HAVING SEX 11 INFREQUENT SEX 12 MENOPAUSAL OR HYSTERECTOMY 13 SUB FECUND OR INFECUND 14 POSTPARTUM AMENORRHEIC 15 BREASTFEEDING 16 FATALISTIC 17 OPPOSITION TO USE RESPONDENT OPPOSED 21 HUSBAND OPPOSED 22 OTHERS OPPOSED 23 RELIGIOUS PROHIBITION 24 LACK OF KNOWLEDGE KNOWS NO METHOD 31 KNOWS NO SOURCE 32 METHOD-RELATED REASONS HEALTH CONCERNS 41 REAR OF SIDE EFFECTS 42 LACK OF ACCESS OR TOO FAR 43 COST TOO MUCH 45 INCONVENIENT TO USE 46 INTERFERES WITH BODY'S NORMAL PROCESSES 47 OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 DON'T KNOW 98 UNMETNEED2 (V626) is a constructed variable that indicates a woman's need for family planning according to whether she has an unmet need or a met need to space or to limit her future births. UNMETNEED2 is similar to UNMETNEED, but UNMETNEED2 differently categorizes women who are infecund or menopausal but are currently using a contraceptive method. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. The construction of UNMETNEED2 uses a definition of fecundity based on exposure status as reported in EXPOSURE2. UNMETNEED, by contrast, uses a definition of exposure status as reported in EXPOSURE1. See the descriptions of these two variables for discussion of their differences. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Unknown 53 No sex, want to wait/not married and no sex in last 30 days 52 Never had sex 51 Infecund, menopausal 50 Not at risk for pregnancy 41 Desire birth in less than 2 yrs 40 No unmet need 32 Limiting failure 31 Spacing failure 30 Family limitation failure 22 Using to limit 21 Using to space 20 Now using FP 12 Unmet need to limit 11 Unmet need to space 10 Has unmet need for FP General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Desire for more children 602. CHECK 226: NOT PREGNANT OR UNSURE: Now I have some questions about the future. Would you like to have (a or another) child, or would you prefer not to have any (more) children? PREGNANT: Now I have some questions about the future. After the child you are expecting now, would you like to have another child, or would you prefer not to have any more children? HAVE (A OR ANOTHER) CHILD 1 NO MORE OR NONE 2 (GO TO 604) SAYS SHE CAN'T GET PREGNANT 3 (GO TO 609) UNDECIDED OR DON'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 609) KIDDESIRE (V605) is a constructed variable that distinguishes between women who want another child soon (in less than two years), who want another child later (in 2+ years), who want no more children, and who aren't sure (about timing or about the number of children desired). When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. The construction of this variable has changed across phases of the DHS and varies across countries (only sometimes distinguishing between groups of women not at risk of pregnancy due to sterilization, infecundity, or virginity). To maximize comparability across samples, IPUMS-DHS employs composite coding. Women who want more children share a common first digit of 1, women not at risk of pregnancy share a common first digit of 6, and detail present in only some samples is specified in the code's second digit. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Unknown 63 Never had sex 62 Declared infecund 61 Sterilized 60 Not at risk of pregnancy 51 Up to God 50 Fatalistic response 40 Wants no more 30 Undecided 13 Wants, unsure timing 12 Wants after 2+ years 11 Wants within 2 years 10 Wants more children General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Wanted last child 228. At the time you became pregnant did you want to become pregnant then, did you want to wait until later, or did you not want to have any (more) children at all? THEN 1 LATER 2 NOT AT ALL 3 FPLCHDESIRE (V367) reports whether the woman's last born child was wanted at the time she got pregnant, was wanted but at a later time, or was not wanted at all. The cutoff point for when the woman's last child was born varies across samples; see Comparability. 1 Wanted last child then 2 Wanted last child later 3 Wanted no more children 7 Unsure 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Time wanted current pregnancy 228. At the time you became pregnant did you want to become pregnant then, did you want to wait until later, or did you not want to have any (more) children at all? THEN 1 LATER 2 NOT AT ALL 3 For women who are currently pregnant, PGDESIRE (V225) reports whether, at the time of becoming pregnant, the woman wanted her pregnancy then, later, or not at all. 1 Then 2 Later 3 Not at all 4 Up to God 7 Don't know/Not sure 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ideal number of children 614. CHECK 216: HAS LIVING CHILDREN: If you could go back to the time you did not have any children and could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be? NO LIVING CHILDREN: If you could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be? NUMBER ___ OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 (GO TO 616) IDEALKID (V613) reports the ideal total number of children the woman would have liked to have in her whole life, regardless of her actual childbearing. The information is collected through hypothetical questions such as, "If you could go back to the time you did not have any children and could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be?" (for women with living children) or "If you could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be?" (for women without living children). If the woman responded with a range of values, IDEALKID reports the midpoint between those values. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, "If the midpoint is not an exact number then the number is rounded up in half the cases and rounded down for the other half." The questionnaires included space for non-numeric "other" responses, such as "Up to God." When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 98 Missing 97 Don't know 66 Number she has currently 65 Depends on husband 64 As many as possible 63 Never thought about it 62 Any number/Fatalistic 61 Up to God/As Allah wills 60 Non-numeric response 50 50 49 49 48 48 47 47 46 46 45 45 44 44 43 43 42 42 41 41 40 40 39 39 38 38 37 37 36 36 35 35 34 34 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 01 1 00 0 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 67 As many as can care for 68 Doesn't want children 99 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ideal number of children (grouped) 614. CHECK 216: HAS LIVING CHILDREN: If you could go back to the time you did not have any children and could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be? NO LIVING CHILDREN: If you could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be? NUMBER ___ OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 (GO TO 616) Like IDEALKID, IDEALKIDGRP (V614) reports the total number of children the woman would hypothetically like to have in her whole life, regardless of her actual childbearing, but top-codes numeric responses at 6+ children and codes non-numeric responses as 7. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 8 Missing 7 Non-numeric response 6 6+ 5 5 4 4 3 3 2 2 1 1 0 [no label] 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ideal number of boy children 615. How many of these children would you like to be boys, how many would you like to be girls and for how many would it not matter? NUMBER OF BOYS ___ NUMBER OF GIRLS ___ EITHER ___ OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 Based on a follow-up question to IDEALKID (V613), which collects information about the ideal number of children the woman would hypothetically want to have in her whole life, IDEALBOYS (V627) reports how many of these children would ideally be boys. Numeric responses to IDEALBOYS (V627), IDEALGIRLS (V628), and IDEALBOTH (V629) should sum to the total number of children in IDEALKID (V613). Non-numeric responses (such as "up to God") are allowed for each of these variables. 98 Missing 97 Don't know 63 Never thought about it 62 Any number/Fatalistic 61 Up to God/As Allah wills 60 Non-numeric response 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 01 1 00 0 64 As many as possible 65 Depends on husband 99 NIU (not in universe) 66 Number she has currently 69 No sex preference General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ideal number of girl children 615. How many of these children would you like to be boys, how many would you like to be girls and for how many would it not matter? NUMBER OF BOYS ___ NUMBER OF GIRLS ___ EITHER ___ OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 Based on a follow-up question to IDEALKID (V613), which collects information about the ideal number of children the woman would hypothetically want to have in her whole life, IDEALGIRLS reports how many of these children would ideally be girls. Numeric responses to IDEALGIRLS (V628), IDEALBOYS (V627), and IDEALBOTH (V629) should sum to the total number of children in IDEALKID (V613). Non-numeric responses (such as "up to God") are allowed for each of these variables. 98 Missing 97 Don't know 63 Never thought about it 62 Any number/Fatalistic 61 God's decision/Allah's will 60 Non-numeric response 40 40 39 39 38 38 37 37 36 36 35 35 34 34 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 01 1 00 0 64 As many as possible 65 Depends on husband 99 NIU (not in universe) 66 Number she has currently 69 No sex preference General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ideal number of children of either sex 615. How many of these children would you like to be boys, how many would you like to be girls and for how many would it not matter? NUMBER OF BOYS ___ NUMBER OF GIRLS ___ EITHER ___ OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 Based on a follow-up question to IDEALKID (V613), which collects information about the ideal number of children the woman would hypothetically want to have in her whole life, IDEALBOTH (V629) reports the ideal number of children of either sex (i.e., with no gender preference). Numeric responses to IDEALGIRLS (V628), IDEALBOYS (V627), and IDEALBOTH (V629) should sum to the total number of children in IDEALKID. Non-numeric responses (such as "up to God") are allowed for each of these variables. 98 Missing 97 Don't know 63 Never thought about it 62 Any number/Fatalistic 61 Up to God/As Allah wills 60 Non-numeric response 40 40 39 39 38 38 37 37 36 36 35 35 34 34 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 01 1 00 0 64 As many as possible 65 Depends on husband 66 Number she has currently 99 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ideal time before future birth 603. CHECK 226: NOT PREGNANT OR UNSURE: How long would you like to wait from now before the birth of (a or another) child? PREGNANT: After the birth of the child you are expecting now, how long would you like to wait before the birth of another child? MONTHS 1 ___ YEARS 2 ___ SOON OR NOW 993 (GO TO 609) SAYS SHE CAN'T GET PREGNANT 994 (GO TO 609) OTHER (SPECIFY) 996 (GO TO 609) DON'T KNOW 998 (GO TO 609) IDEALBTHFUT (V616) reports how long the woman would like to wait before the birth of a/another child. 100 Less than 1 month 101 1 month 102 2 months 103 3 months 104 4 months 105 5 months 106 6 months 107 7 months 108 8 months 109 9 months 110 10 months 111 11 months 112 12 months 113 13 months 114 14 months 115 15 months 116 16 months 117 17 months 118 18 months 119 19 months 120 20 months 121 21 months 122 22 months 123 23 months 124 24 months 125 25 months 126 26 months 127 27 months 128 28 months 129 29 months 130 30 months 131 31 months 132 32 months 133 33 months 134 34 months 135 35 months 136 36 months 137 37 months 138 38 months 139 39 months 140 40 months 141 41 months 142 42 months 143 43 months 144 44 months 145 45 months 146 46 months 147 47 months 148 48 months 149 49 months 150 50 months 151 51 months 152 52 months 153 53 months 154 54 months 155 55 months 156 56 months 157 57 months 158 58 months 159 59 months 160 60 months 161 61 months 162 62 months 163 63 months 164 64 months 165 65 months 166 66 months 167 67 months 168 68 months 169 69 months 170 70 months 171 71 months 172 72 months 173 73 months 174 74 months 175 75 months 176 76 months 177 77 months 178 78 months 179 79 months 180 80 months 181 81 months 182 82 months 183 83 months 184 84 months 185 85 months 186 86 months 187 87 months 188 88 months 189 89 months 190 90 months 191 91 months 192 92 months 193 93 months 194 94 months 195 95 months 196 96 months 197 97 months 198 98 months 199 Months, unspecified number 200 Less than 1 year 201 1 year 202 2 years 203 3 years 204 4 years 205 5 years 206 6 years 207 7 years 208 8 years 209 9 years 210 10 years 211 11 years 212 12 years 213 13 years 214 14 years 215 15 years 216 16 years 217 17 years 218 18 years 219 19 years 220 20 years 221 21 years 222 22 years 223 23 years 224 24 years 225 25 years 226 26 years 227 27 years 228 28 years 229 29 years 230 30 years 231 31 years 232 32 years 233 33 years 234 34 years 235 35+ years 299 Years, number missing 989 Up to God 990 After finishing school 991 After marriage 992 When husband returns 993 After breastfeeding 994 At any time 995 Soon/now 996 Other 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Preferred waiting time for birth of a(nother) child 603. CHECK 226: NOT PREGNANT OR UNSURE: How long would you like to wait from now before the birth of (a or another) child? PREGNANT: After the birth of the child you are expecting now, how long would you like to wait before the birth of another child? MONTHS 1 ___ YEARS 2 ___ SOON OR NOW 993 (GO TO 609) SAYS SHE CAN'T GET PREGNANT 994 (GO TO 609) OTHER (SPECIFY) 996 (GO TO 609) DON'T KNOW 998 (GO TO 609) For women who want to have a/another child, PREFTIMECH (V603) reports the amount of time, in months or years, they would like to wait before the birth of a/another child (top-coded at 20 years). The complementary variable PREFTIMECH (V604) reports responses to the same question, but in terms of years only, top-coded at 6+ years. PREFTIMECH includes women who are either pregnant or at risk of pregnancy. However, the definition of "at risk of pregnancy" varies across samples, and the way this variable was asked and calculated also changed over time; see Comparability. 100 Less than one month (want now) 101 1 month 102 2 months 103 3 months 104 4 months 105 5 months 106 6 months 107 7 months 108 8 months 109 9 months 110 10 months 111 11 months 112 12 months 113 13 months 114 14 months 115 15 months 116 16 months 117 17 months 118 18 months 119 19 months 120 20 months 121 21 months 122 22 months 123 23 months 124 24 months 125 25 months 126 26 months 127 27 months 128 28 months 129 29 months 130 30 months 131 31 months 132 32 months 133 33 months 134 34 months 135 35 months 136 36 months 137 37 months 138 38 months 139 39 months 140 40 months 141 41 months 142 42 months 143 43 months 144 44 months 145 45 months 146 46 months 147 47 months 148 48 months 149 49 months 150 50 months 151 51 months 152 52 months 153 53 months 154 54 months 155 55 months 156 56 months 157 57 months 158 58 months 159 59 months 160 60 months 161 61 months 162 62 months 163 63 months 164 64 months 165 65 months 166 66 months 167 67 months 168 68 months 169 69 months 170 70 months 171 71 months 172 72 months 173 73 months 174 74 months 175 75 months 176 76 months 177 77 months 178 78 months 179 79 months 180 80 months 181 81 months 182 82 months 183 83 months 184 84 months 185 85 months 186 86 months 187 87 months 188 88 months 189 89 months 190 90 months 191 91 months 192 92 months 193 93 months 194 94 months 195 95 months 196 96 months 197 97 months 198 98 months 199 Months, number unspecified 200 Less than one year 201 1 year 202 2 years 203 3 years 204 4 years 205 5 years 206 6 years 207 7 years 208 8 years 209 9 years 210 10 years 211 11 years 212 12 years 213 13 years 214 14 years 215 15 years 216 16 years 217 17 years 218 18 years 219 19 years 220 20 years or more 299 Years, number unspecified 987 After weaning 989 After finishing school 990 When spouse returns 991 Up to God 992 After marriage 993 Any time 994 Soon or immediately 995 Other, non-numeric response 996 Inconsistent response 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Preferred waiting time for birth of a(nother) child (grouped) 603. CHECK 226: NOT PREGNANT OR UNSURE: How long would you like to wait from now before the birth of (a or another) child? PREGNANT: After the birth of the child you are expecting now, how long would you like to wait before the birth of another child? MONTHS 1 ___ YEARS 2 ___ SOON OR NOW 993 (GO TO 609) SAYS SHE CAN'T GET PREGNANT 994 (GO TO 609) OTHER (SPECIFY) 996 (GO TO 609) DON'T KNOW 998 (GO TO 609) For women who want to have a/another child, PREFTIMECHGP (V604) reports the amount of time, in years, they would like to wait before the birth of a/another child, top-coded at 6+ years. PREFTIMECHGP includes women who are either pregnant or at risk of pregnancy. However, the definition of "at risk of pregnancy" varies across samples; see Comparability. The related variable PREFTIMECH presents the same information in greater detail, in terms of months or years, top-coded at 20 years. 00 Less than 12 months 01 1 year 02 2 years 03 3 years 04 4 years 05 5 years 06 6 or more years 96 Non-numeric response 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Husband's desire for children 622. Do you think your husband wants the same number of children that you want, or does he want more or fewer than you want? SAME NUMBER 1 MORE CHILDREN 2 FEWER CHILDREN 3 DON'T KNOW 8 HUSFERTPREF (V621) reports whether the woman believes her partner wants the same number of children, more children, or fewer children than she wants. 01 Both want same 02 Husband wants more 03 Husband wants fewer 07 Don't Know 08 Missing 09 NIU (not in universe) 04 Both provided non-numeric response General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Respondent approves of couples using FP 616. Would you say that you approve or disapprove of couples using a method to avoid getting pregnant? APPROVE 1 DISAPPROVE 2 DON'T KNOW OR UNSURE 8 FPAPPROVE (V612) indicates whether the woman approves, in general, of the use of family planning to avoid a pregnancy. 0 Disapproves 1 Approves 3 Depends 7 Don't know/Undecided 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Husband approves FP use 620. Now I want to ask you about your husband's views on family planning. Do you think that your husband approves or disapproves of couples using a method to avoid pregnancy? APPROVES 1 DISAPPROVES 2 DON'T KNOW 8 HUSPROFP (V610) indicates whether the woman believes her husband or male partner approves of couples using a family planning method to avoid pregnancy. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 10 Disapproves 20 Approves or indifferent 21 Approves 22 Indifferent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Fecund, pregnant, amenorrheic, or infecund 612. What is the main reason that you will not use a method at any time in the future? FERTILITY-RELATED REASONS NOT HAVING SEX 11 INFREQUENT SEX 12 MENOPAUSAL OR HYSTERECTOMY 13 SUB FECUND OR INFECUND 14 POSTPARTUM AMENORRHEIC 15 BREASTFEEDING 16 FATALISTIC 17 OPPOSITION TO USE RESPONDENT OPPOSED 21 HUSBAND OPPOSED 22 OTHERS OPPOSED 23 RELIGIOUS PROHIBITION 24 LACK OF KNOWLEDGE KNOWS NO METHOD 31 KNOWS NO SOURCE 32 METHOD-RELATED REASONS HEALTH CONCERNS 41 REAR OF SIDE EFFECTS 42 LACK OF ACCESS OR TOO FAR 43 COST TOO MUCH 45 INCONVENIENT TO USE 46 INTERFERES WITH BODY'S NORMAL PROCESSES 47 OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 DON'T KNOW 98 EXPOSURE1 (V623) is a constructed variable that draws upon responses to several questions to differentiate between pregnant women, postpartum amenorrheic women, menopausal or infecund women, and fecund women. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, these categories are actualized as follows: Pregnant women Postpartum amenorrheic women are those whose period has not returned since the last birth in the three/five years preceding the survey. Women are defined as being menopausal if they are not pregnant and not postpartum amenorrheic, are not currently using a contraceptive method, and have not had a period in the six months preceding the survey or report they are in menopause. Women are defined as being infecund if they are not menopausal and not postpartum amenorrheic and not pregnant, have had no birth in the five years preceding the survey, and either (Model "A" countries) have been continuously married and have not used contraception in the five years preceding the survey, or (Model "B" countries) have been married one time and first married five or more years before the survey and have never used contraception. Fecund women are all women not included in the preceding categories. 3 Infecund, menopausal 2 Amenorrheic 1 Pregnant 0 Fecund 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Fecund, pregnant, amenorrheic, or infecund (2nd def) 612. What is the main reason that you will not use a method at any time in the future? FERTILITY-RELATED REASONS NOT HAVING SEX 11 INFREQUENT SEX 12 MENOPAUSAL OR HYSTERECTOMY 13 SUB FECUND OR INFECUND 14 POSTPARTUM AMENORRHEIC 15 BREASTFEEDING 16 FATALISTIC 17 OPPOSITION TO USE RESPONDENT OPPOSED 21 HUSBAND OPPOSED 22 OTHERS OPPOSED 23 RELIGIOUS PROHIBITION 24 LACK OF KNOWLEDGE KNOWS NO METHOD 31 KNOWS NO SOURCE 32 METHOD-RELATED REASONS HEALTH CONCERNS 41 REAR OF SIDE EFFECTS 42 LACK OF ACCESS OR TOO FAR 43 COST TOO MUCH 45 INCONVENIENT TO USE 46 INTERFERES WITH BODY'S NORMAL PROCESSES 47 OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 DON'T KNOW 98 Like EXPOSURE1, EXPOSURE2 (V625) is a constructed variable that draws upon responses to several questions to distinguish between pregnant women, postpartum amenorrheic women, menopausal or infecund women, and fecund women. EXPOSURE2 uses a more liberal definition of infecundity than EXPOSURE1, however. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. The DHS Recode Manuals explain the differences between these two variables as follows: For Model "B" countries, it is only possible to say that a woman had been continuously married throughout the preceding five years if she was in her first union. This definition has been relaxed in V625 [EXPOSURE2], such that the respondent need only have been married at least five years ago, and not continuously married throughout the last five years. For Model "A" countries, there is no change to this part of the definition. [For EXPOSURE2] Two additional variables have been used to declare a woman infecund. If the respondent said that she cannot get pregnant when asked about preferences for additional children, or if she reported that she was menopausal or had a hysterectomy when giving the reason she was not currently using a contraceptive method, the respondent is coded as infecund. Model A countries and Model B countries are defined according to whether the country based its questionnaire on the Model A or Model B standard DHS questionnaire for DHS phases one through four. In general, the Model A questionnaire was designed for use in countries with high contraceptive prevalence. Nonetheless, countries with relatively low contraceptive prevalence sometimes modeled their own questionnaire on the Model A standard questionnaire. This was the case, for example, for the Kenyan samples for 1998 and 2003 and the Malawi samples for 2000 and 2004. 0 Fecund 1 Pregnant 2 Amenorrheic 3 Infecund, menopausal 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know any type of FP method SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPKNOTYP (V301) is a summary (recoded) variable indicating whether the woman knew any family planning method and, if so, whether she knew a modern method or only a traditional or folkloric method. In the DHS, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet) that vary across samples. 00 Knows no method 10 Knows only traditional or folkloric method 11 Knows only folkloric method 12 Knows only traditional method 20 Knows modern method 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about Pill for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPKNOPILL (V304_01) indicates whether the woman knew about the Pill as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about IUD for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPKNOIUD (V304_02) indicates whether the woman knew about the IUD (intra-uterine device) as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. In probe questions, an IUD was often described as "a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse." 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about injectable FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPKNOINJ (V304_03) indicates whether the woman knew about injectables as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. For the probe question, injectables were typically defined as "an injection by a doctor or nurse, which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months." 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about condom for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPKNOCON (V304_05) indicates whether the woman knew about male condoms as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about female sterilization for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPKNOFST (V304_06) indicates whether the woman knew about female sterilization as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about male sterilization for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPKNOMST (V304_07) indicates whether the woman knew about male sterilization as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about female condom for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPKNOFC (V304_14) indicates whether the woman knew about female condoms as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about implants or Norplant for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPKNOIMP (V304_11) indicates whether the woman knew about implants (such as Norplant) as a method for family planning. Implants were generally described as "small rods placed in their arm by a doctor, which stops them from becoming pregnant for several years." Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Knows about lactational amenorrhea as a method of family planning SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPKNOLAM (V304_13) indicates whether the woman knew about the lactational amenorrhea method (LAM) as a method for family planning. The complementary variable FPEVUSLAM indicates whether the woman had ever used LAM as a means to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about withdrawal for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPKNOWD (V304_09) indicates whether the woman knew about withdrawal as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about rhythm for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPKNORHY (V304_08) indicates whether the woman knew about the rhythm method (periodic abstinence at the high-fertility part of the woman's menstrual cycle) as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 10 Yes 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 00 No 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Knows about other contraceptive as a method of family planning SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPKNOOM (V304_10) indicates whether the woman knew about any "other" method(s) as a method of family planning. The complementary variable FPEVUSOM indicates whether the woman had ever used any "other" method(s) to delay or avoid a pregnancy. The meaning of "other" in this case depends on the specific response categories included in a given sample. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Known source for FP 328. Do you know of a place where you can obtain a method of family planning? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 330) FPKNOANYSRC (V379) reports the source where the respondent knows contraceptives can be obtained. This variable is constructed from a series of questions. Because the questions used to construct this variable changed slightly across phases, IPUMS-DHS users are encouraged to review the Comparability tab. The related variable FPKNOANYSRCS (V380) reports known sources for contraceptives, in standardized categories. 0000 No one/did not consult source 1000 PUBLIC SECTOR 1100 Government hospital 1110 Referral/specialty hospital 1120 National/central hospital 1130 Regional/provincial hospital 1140 Urban hospital 1150 District/rural hospital 1151 District hospital 1152 Rural hospital 1160 University/teaching hospital 1161 University hospital 1162 Teaching hospital 1200 Government health center 1210 Referral health center 1220 Community health center 1230 Urban health center 1240 Rural health center 1250 Integrated health center 1260 Family welfare center 1270 Primary health center 1300 Government pharmacy/dispensary 1310 Government pharmacy 1320 Government dispensary 1400 Government maternity home 1410 Mother and child health (MCH) center 1420 Rural maternity clinic 1500 Government family planning clinic 1510 Stand-alone family planning clinic 1520 Mobile family planning clinic 1600 Government outreach 1610 Government health post 1611 Village health post 1620 Government mobile clinic 1630 Government health worker 1631 Fieldworker 1632 Community-based distribution agent (CBDA) 1633 Community/village health worker 1634 Health surveillance assistant (HSA) 1635 Paramedic 1636 Doctor 1637 Nurse 1900 Other public sector 1901 Camp 1902 Health box 1903 Health station/clinic 1904 Health office 1905 Community clinic 1906 Health insurance organization 1907 Curative care organization 1908 Parastatal health facility 1909 Female Community Health Volunteer Program (FCHV) of Nepal 2000 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR 2100 Private hospital/clinic 2110 Private hospital 2111 Referral/specialty hospital 2120 Private clinic 2200 Private doctor 2210 Qualified doctor 2220 Traditional doctor 2230 Doctor/birth attendant 2300 Private pharmacy/dispensary 2310 Private pharmacy 2320 Private dispensary 2400 Private family planning clinic 2500 Private outreach 2510 Private mobile clinic 2520 Private health worker 2521 Fieldworker 2522 Community-based distribution agent (CBDA) 2523 Nurse 2524 Paramedic 2526 Community/village health worker 2527 Midwife 2600 Private health center 2610 VCT center 2700 Private maternity home 2900 Other private medical sector 2901 Care room 2902 Tent 3000 NGO FACILITY 3100 NGO health facility 3110 Static clinic 3120 Satellite clinic 3130 Community-based outlet 3140 UN Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA) 3150 International Rescue Committee (IRC) 3200 NGO health worker 3210 Depot holder 3220 Fieldworker 3300 Country-specific NGOs 3301 AMO Congo 3302 Egypt family planning association (EFPA) 3303 CSI project 3304 Family Guidance Association of Ethiopia (FGAE) 3305 BLM 3306 MACRO 3307 Marie Stopes 3308 Red Cross Society 3309 AFGA 3310 Family Planning Association of Nepal (FPAN) 3311 Institute for Family Health (IFH) 3900 Other NGO facility 4000 RELIGIOUS/MISSION 4100 Religious hospital/clinic 4110 Religious hospital 4111 Religious referral/specialty hospital 4112 Religious district hospital 4120 Religious clinic 4200 Religious health center/dispensary 4210 Religious health center 4211 Mosque health center 4212 Church health center 4220 Religious dispensary 4300 Religious mobile clinic 4400 Religious door-to-door 4900 Other religious 5000 OTHER 5100 Shop/market 5110 Shop 5111 General dealer 5112 Supermarket/tuck shop 5113 Service station 5120 Market 5130 Kiosk 5140 Gas station 5190 Other retail 5200 Relative/friend 5210 Partner 5300 Church/mosque/temple 5400 Bar/nightclub/hotel 5410 Bar/nightclub 5420 Hotel 5500 Other institutions 5510 Youth center 5520 Workplace 5521 Respondent's workplace 5522 Partner's workplace 5530 School 5600 Traditional practitioner 5610 Traditional birth attendant (TBA) 5620 Vaidya/hakim/homeopath 5700 Informal channels 5710 Drug vendor 9992 Not asked 9993 Non-user: Knows source 9994 Multiple responses given 9995 Other 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Known source for FP, standardized 328. Do you know of a place where you can obtain a method of family planning? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 330) FPKNOANYSRCS (V380) reports the source from which the woman knows contraceptives can be obtained. This variable is constructed from a series of questions, and answers were recorded using standard responses and codes that are consistent across countries and phases. Because the questions used to construct this variable changed slightly across phases, IPUMS-DHS users are encouraged to review the Comparability tab. 01 Government clinic/pharmacy 02 Government home/community delivery 03 NGO 04 Private clinic/delivery 05 Private pharmacy 06 Church, shop, friends 07 Other 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Current FP use by method type (folk, traditional, modern) 311. Which method are you using? 311A. CIRCLE '01' FOR FEMALE STERILIZATION. FEMALE STERILIZATION 01 (GO TO 313) MALE STERILIZATION 02 (GO TO 313) PILL 03 IUD 04 (GO TO 318) INJECTIONS 05 (GO TO 318) IMPLANTS 06 (GO TO 318) CONDOM 07 (GO TO 312C) PERIODIC ABSTINENCE 09 (GO TO 318) WITHDRAWAL 10 (GO TO 318) LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD 11 (GO TO 318) OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 (GO TO 318) FPTYPNOW (V313) indicates whether the woman is currently using a modern, traditional, or folkloric method of contraception. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. In the DHS, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. 00 No method 10 Folkloric or traditional method 11 Folkloric method 12 Traditional method 20 Modern method 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Pattern of use of contraceptive method 319. I would like to ask you some questions about the times you or your partner may have used a method to avoid getting pregnant during the last few years. USE CALENDAR TO PROBE FOR EARLIER PERIOD OF USE AND NONUSE, STARTING WITH MORE RECENT USE, BACK TO APRIL 1994 (BAISHAK 1401). USE NAMES OF CHILDREN, DATES OF BIRTH, AND PERIODS OF PREGNANCY AS REFERENCE POINTS. IN COLUMN 1, ENTER METHOD OF USE CODE OR '0' FOR NONUSE IN EACH BLANK MONTH. ILLUSTRATIVE QUESTIONS FOR COLUMN 1: When was the last time you used a method? Which method was that? When did you start using that method? How long after the birth of (NAME)? How long did you use the method then? IN COLUMN 2, ENTER METHOD SOURCE CODE IN FIRST MONTH OF EACH USE. ILLUSTRATIVE QUESTIONS FOR COLUMN 2: Where did you obtain the method when you started using it? Where did you get advice on how to use the method (for LAM, rhythm, or withdrawal)? IN COLUMN 3, ENTER CODES FOR DISCONTINUATION NEXT TO LAST MONTH OF USE. NUMBER OF CODES IN COLUMN 3 MUST BE THE SAME AS NUMBER OF INTERRUPTIONS OF METHOD USE IN COLUMN 1. ASK WHY SHE STOPPED USING THE METHOD. IF A PREGNANCY FOLLOWED, ASK WHETHER SHE BECAME PREGNANT UNINTENTIONALLY WHILE USING THE METHOD OR DELIBERATELY STOPPED TO GET PREGNANT. ILLUSTRATIVE QUESTION FOR COLUMN 3: Why did you stop using the (METHOD)? Did you become pregnant while using (METHOD), or did you stop to get pregnant, or did you stop for some other reason? IF DELIBERATELY STOPPED TO BECOME PREGNANT, ASK: How many months did it take you to get pregnant after you stopped using (METHOD)? AND ENTER '0' IN EACH SUCH MONTH IN COLUMN 1. FPUSPATRN (V361) reports the woman's pattern of contraceptive use by indicating whether she is currently using, has used in the past, or has never used contraception. 10 Currently using 20 Ever used, but not currently using 21 Used since last birth 22 Used before last birth 30 Never used 99 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Current method of FP 311. Which method are you using? 311A. CIRCLE '01' FOR FEMALE STERILIZATION. FEMALE STERILIZATION 01 (GO TO 313) MALE STERILIZATION 02 (GO TO 313) PILL 03 IUD 04 (GO TO 318) INJECTIONS 05 (GO TO 318) IMPLANTS 06 (GO TO 318) CONDOM 07 (GO TO 312C) PERIODIC ABSTINENCE 09 (GO TO 318) WITHDRAWAL 10 (GO TO 318) LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD 11 (GO TO 318) OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 (GO TO 318) FPMETHNOW (V312) reports the contraceptive method the woman is currently using. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. Answers are grouped under the broad categories of "modern methods," "traditional methods," and "other methods," each with a different first digit. Specific methods are distinguished by the second and third digits. See FPEVUSE for more information on broad categories of contraception. Closely related responses, such as various groupings of diaphragm/foam/jelly, share the first 2 digits in common, while the third digit distinguishes the exact response category. 000 Not using 100 MODERN METHODS 101 Pill 102 IUD 103 Norplant/Implants 104 Condom 105 Female Condom 106 Female Sterilization 107 Male Sterilization 110 Injections 111 Injection (3 monthly) 112 Injection (monthly) 120 Diaphragm/Foam/Jelly 121 Diaphragm 122 Diaphragm/Foam 123 Diaphragm/Jelly 124 Foam or Jelly 125 Foaming tablets 126 Vaginal methods 130 Lactational amenorrhea (LAM) 131 Prolonged breastfeeding 140 Emergency contraception 150 Other modern method 151 Contraceptive patch 200 TRADITIONAL METHODS 210 Abstinence or periodic abstinence 211 Periodic abstinence 212 Cycle Beads/Standard days method 213 Abstinence 214 Mucus method 215 Natural family planning, unspecified 220 Withdrawal 230 Other traditional/folkloric 231 Herbs/Plants 232 Gris-Gris/Amulet 233 Astrology 234 Strings 300 OTHER METHOD, UNSPECIFIED 301 Other specific method 1 302 Other specific method 2 303 Other specific method 3 304 Other specific method 4 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Last FP method discontinued in past 5 years 319. I would like to ask you some questions about the times you or your partner may have used a method to avoid getting pregnant during the last few years. USE CALENDAR TO PROBE FOR EARLIER PERIOD OF USE AND NONUSE, STARTING WITH MORE RECENT USE, BACK TO APRIL 1994 (BAISHAK 1401). USE NAMES OF CHILDREN, DATES OF BIRTH, AND PERIODS OF PREGNANCY AS REFERENCE POINTS. IN COLUMN 1, ENTER METHOD OF USE CODE OR '0' FOR NONUSE IN EACH BLANK MONTH. ILLUSTRATIVE QUESTIONS FOR COLUMN 1: When was the last time you used a method? Which method was that? When did you start using that method? How long after the birth of (NAME)? How long did you use the method then? IN COLUMN 2, ENTER METHOD SOURCE CODE IN FIRST MONTH OF EACH USE. ILLUSTRATIVE QUESTIONS FOR COLUMN 2: Where did you obtain the method when you started using it? Where did you get advice on how to use the method (for LAM, rhythm, or withdrawal)? IN COLUMN 3, ENTER CODES FOR DISCONTINUATION NEXT TO LAST MONTH OF USE. NUMBER OF CODES IN COLUMN 3 MUST BE THE SAME AS NUMBER OF INTERRUPTIONS OF METHOD USE IN COLUMN 1. ASK WHY SHE STOPPED USING THE METHOD. IF A PREGNANCY FOLLOWED, ASK WHETHER SHE BECAME PREGNANT UNINTENTIONALLY WHILE USING THE METHOD OR DELIBERATELY STOPPED TO GET PREGNANT. ILLUSTRATIVE QUESTION FOR COLUMN 3: Why did you stop using the (METHOD)? Did you become pregnant while using (METHOD), or did you stop to get pregnant, or did you stop for some other reason? IF DELIBERATELY STOPPED TO BECOME PREGNANT, ASK: How many months did it take you to get pregnant after you stopped using (METHOD)? AND ENTER '0' IN EACH SUCH MONTH IN COLUMN 1. FPLDISMETH5Y (V359) reports the last contraceptive method the woman discontinued use of in the last five years. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 999 NIU (not in universe) 998 Missing 400 CONTINUATION OF SAME METHOD 304 Specific method 4 303 Specific method 3 302 Specific method 2 301 Specific method 1 300 OTHER METHOD, UNSPECIFIED 220 Withdrawal 213 Standard days method 212 Abstinence 211 Periodic abstinence 210 Abstinence or periodic abstinence 200 TRADITIONAL METHODS 141 Emergency contraception 131 Prolonged breastfeeding 140 Other modern method 130 Lactational amenorrhea (LAM) 124 Foam or jelly 123 Diaphragm/Jelly 122 Diaphragm/Foam 121 Diaphragm 120 Diaphragm/Foam/Jelly 107 Male sterilization 106 Female sterilization 105 Female condom 104 Condom 103 Norplant/Implants 102 IUD 101 Pill 100 MODERN METHODS 230 Other traditional/folkloric 231 Herbs/plants 232 Gris-Gris/Amulet 233 Astrology 234 Strings 110 Injections 111 Injections (3 monthly) 112 Injections (monthly) 142 Contraceptive patch Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Reason of last discontinuation 319. I would like to ask you some questions about the times you or your partner may have used a method to avoid getting pregnant during the last few years. USE CALENDAR TO PROBE FOR EARLIER PERIOD OF USE AND NONUSE, STARTING WITH MORE RECENT USE, BACK TO APRIL 1994 (BAISHAK 1401). USE NAMES OF CHILDREN, DATES OF BIRTH, AND PERIODS OF PREGNANCY AS REFERENCE POINTS. IN COLUMN 1, ENTER METHOD OF USE CODE OR '0' FOR NONUSE IN EACH BLANK MONTH. ILLUSTRATIVE QUESTIONS FOR COLUMN 1: When was the last time you used a method? Which method was that? When did you start using that method? How long after the birth of (NAME)? How long did you use the method then? IN COLUMN 2, ENTER METHOD SOURCE CODE IN FIRST MONTH OF EACH USE. ILLUSTRATIVE QUESTIONS FOR COLUMN 2: Where did you obtain the method when you started using it? Where did you get advice on how to use the method (for LAM, rhythm, or withdrawal)? IN COLUMN 3, ENTER CODES FOR DISCONTINUATION NEXT TO LAST MONTH OF USE. NUMBER OF CODES IN COLUMN 3 MUST BE THE SAME AS NUMBER OF INTERRUPTIONS OF METHOD USE IN COLUMN 1. ASK WHY SHE STOPPED USING THE METHOD. IF A PREGNANCY FOLLOWED, ASK WHETHER SHE BECAME PREGNANT UNINTENTIONALLY WHILE USING THE METHOD OR DELIBERATELY STOPPED TO GET PREGNANT. ILLUSTRATIVE QUESTION FOR COLUMN 3: Why did you stop using the (METHOD)? Did you become pregnant while using (METHOD), or did you stop to get pregnant, or did you stop for some other reason? IF DELIBERATELY STOPPED TO BECOME PREGNANT, ASK: How many months did it take you to get pregnant after you stopped using (METHOD)? AND ENTER '0' IN EACH SUCH MONTH IN COLUMN 1. FPLDISREAS5Y (V360) reports the reason why the woman discontinued use of the last family planning method she used in the last five years. The complementary variable FPLDISMETH5Y reports the last contraceptive method itself that the woman stopped using in the last five years. 370 End of breastfeeding period 110 Became pregnant/Method failed 120 Wanted to get pregnant 130 Husband disapproved 140 Other relative disapproved 150 Side effects or health concerns 151 Side effects, respondent 152 Side effects, child 160 Access or availability issues 170 Wanted more effective method 180 Switched to different method 190 Method no longer available 200 Inconvenient to use 210 Infrequent sexual activity, or husband away or ill 220 Lack of sexual satisfaction 230 Cost of method 240 Fatalistic 250 Difficulty getting pregnant, menopause or amenorrheic 260 Menstrual issues while using method 270 Weight gain while using method 280 Lack of privacy while using method 290 Unsatisfied with method 300 Marital dissolution/Divorced or widowed 310 Doctor's advice 320 Specific method issue 321 IUD expelled 322 IUD expired 330 Religious prohibition 996 Other reason 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) 340 Others had bad experience with method 350 Rest 360 Period returned Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Months of use of current family planning method 319. I would like to ask you some questions about the times you or your partner may have used a method to avoid getting pregnant during the last few years. USE CALENDAR TO PROBE FOR EARLIER PERIOD OF USE AND NONUSE, STARTING WITH MORE RECENT USE, BACK TO APRIL 1994 (BAISHAK 1401). USE NAMES OF CHILDREN, DATES OF BIRTH, AND PERIODS OF PREGNANCY AS REFERENCE POINTS. IN COLUMN 1, ENTER METHOD OF USE CODE OR '0' FOR NONUSE IN EACH BLANK MONTH. ILLUSTRATIVE QUESTIONS FOR COLUMN 1: When was the last time you used a method? Which method was that? When did you start using that method? How long after the birth of (NAME)? How long did you use the method then? IN COLUMN 2, ENTER METHOD SOURCE CODE IN FIRST MONTH OF EACH USE. ILLUSTRATIVE QUESTIONS FOR COLUMN 2: Where did you obtain the method when you started using it? Where did you get advice on how to use the method (for LAM, rhythm, or withdrawal)? IN COLUMN 3, ENTER CODES FOR DISCONTINUATION NEXT TO LAST MONTH OF USE. NUMBER OF CODES IN COLUMN 3 MUST BE THE SAME AS NUMBER OF INTERRUPTIONS OF METHOD USE IN COLUMN 1. ASK WHY SHE STOPPED USING THE METHOD. IF A PREGNANCY FOLLOWED, ASK WHETHER SHE BECAME PREGNANT UNINTENTIONALLY WHILE USING THE METHOD OR DELIBERATELY STOPPED TO GET PREGNANT. ILLUSTRATIVE QUESTION FOR COLUMN 3: Why did you stop using the (METHOD)? Did you become pregnant while using (METHOD), or did you stop to get pregnant, or did you stop for some other reason? IF DELIBERATELY STOPPED TO BECOME PREGNANT, ASK: How many months did it take you to get pregnant after you stopped using (METHOD)? AND ENTER '0' IN EACH SUCH MONTH IN COLUMN 1. For women who are currently using a contraceptive method, FPCURNOMO (V337) reports the number of months they have been continuously using their current method. Starting in Phase II, there are differences in the way these data are reported between Model "A" and Model "B" countries, due to the inclusion of a detailed calendar of events in the five years preceding the interview in Model "A" questionnaires. For Model "B" questionnaires, any response greater than 8 years is topcoded at "96." However, for Model "A" questionnaires, the maximum duration of use that could be recorded is the entire length of the calendar (i.e., 5 years). 000 0 months 001 1 month 002 2 months 003 3 months 004 4 months 005 5 months 006 6 months 007 7 months 008 8 months 009 9 months 010 10 months 011 11 months 012 12 months 013 13 months 014 14 months 015 15 months 016 16 months 017 17 months 018 18 months 019 19 months 020 20 months 021 21 months 022 22 months 023 23 months 024 24 months 025 25 months 026 26 months 027 27 months 028 28 months 029 29 months 030 30 months 031 31 months 032 32 months 033 33 months 034 34 months 035 35 months 036 36 months 037 37 months 038 38 months 039 39 months 040 40 months 041 41 months 042 42 months 043 43 months 044 44 months 045 45 months 046 46 months 047 47 months 048 48 months 049 49 months 050 50 months 051 51 months 052 52 months 053 53 months 054 54 months 055 55 months 056 56 months 057 57 months 058 58 months 059 59 months 060 60 months 061 61 months 062 62 months 063 63 months 064 64 months 065 65 months 066 66 months 067 67 months 068 68 months 069 69 months 070 70 months 071 71 months 072 72 months 073 73 months 074 74 months 075 75 months 076 76 months 077 77 months 078 78 months 079 79 months 080 80 months 081 81 months 082 82 months 083 83 months 084 84 months 085 85 months 086 86 months 087 87 months 088 88 months 089 89 months 090 90 months 091 91 months 092 92 months 093 93 months 094 94 months 095 95 months 096 96 or more months 995 All calendar years 996 Inconsistent response 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Last source for FP for current users, detailed 327. Where did you obtain (CURRENT METHOD) the last time? NAME OF PLACE ___ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL OR MEDICAL COLLEGE 11 FAMILY WELFARE CENTRE 12 THANA HEALTH COMPLEX 13 SATELLITE CLINIC OR EPI OUTREACH SITE 14 MATERNAL AND CHILD WELFARE CENTER (MCWC) 15 GOVERNMENT FIELD WORKER (FWA) 16 NGO SECTOR NGO STATIC CLINIC 21 NGO SATELLITE CLINIC 22 NGO DEPOT HOLDER 23 NGO FIELDWORKER 24 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC 31 QUALIFIED DOCTOR 32 TRADITIONAL DOCTOR 33 PHARMACY 34 OTHER PRIVATE SECTOR SHOP 41 FRIEND OR RELATIVES 42 OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 DON'T KNOW 98 For women who are currently using a modern method of contraception, FPLASTSRCD (V326) reports the type of facility that was the source of the last contraceptive method used by the woman. Response categories vary across samples. See Comparability. 6903 Community center 3306 Institute for Family Health (IFH) 3180 International Rescue Committee (IRC) 0000 NO ONE 1000 PUBLIC SECTOR 1100 Government hospital 1110 National hospital 1111 Referral/specialty hospital 1112 National/central hospital 1113 Military hospital 1114 Day hospital 1120 Provincial/regional hospital 1130 Urban hospital 1140 District/rural hospital 1141 District hospital 1142 Rural hospital 1150 Category I hospital 1160 Category II hospital 1170 University/teaching hospital 1171 University hospital 1172 Teaching hospital 1200 Government health center 1210 Referral health center 1220 Community health center 1230 Urban health center 1240 Rural health center 1250 Basic health center 1260 Integrated health center 1270 Primary health center 1280 Family welfare center 1300 Government family planning clinic 1310 Stand-alone family planning clinic 1320 Mobile family planning clinic 1330 Family planning clinic CBD 1400 Government outreach 1410 Government health post 1411 Village health post 1412 Sub-center 1413 Sub-health post 1420 Government mobile clinic 1421 Mobile PHC clinic 1430 Government health professional 1431 Doctor 1432 Nurse 1433 Paramedic 1440 Government health worker 1434 Community-based distributor (CBD) 1435 Health surveillance assistant (HSA) 1436 Male mobilizer 1437 Accredited social health activist (ASHA) 1438 Vaidya/hakim/homeopath 1450 Government outreach clinic 1451 Primary health care outreach clinic 1452 Satellite clinic/EPI outreach 1453 Community clinic 1454 Rural/municipal clinic 1460 Camp 1470 Household visit 1500 Government maternity home 1510 Maternal and child health (MCH) center 1520 Rural maternity 1530 Anganwadi/ICDS center 1600 Government pharmacy/dispensary 1610 Government pharmacy 1611 Community pharmacy 1620 Government dispensary 1900 Other public 1901 Clinic 1902 Curative care organization 1903 Health home 1904 Health office 1905 Health insurance organization 1906 Parastatal health facility 1907 Youth center 2000 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR 2100 Private hospital/clinic 2110 Private hospital 2111 Private specialty hospital 2112 Private district hospital 2113 Private university hospital 2120 Private clinic 2121 Private polyclinic 2122 Private clinic 2200 Private pharmacy/dispensary/drug store 2210 Private pharmacy 2220 Private dispensary 2230 Private chemist/drug store 2231 Private chemist 2232 Private drug store 2240 Private mobile drug vendor 2300 Private doctor's office 2310 Qualified doctor 2320 Traditional/unqualified doctor 2330 Private practice 2331 Private care room 2332 Private infirmiry 2400 Private outreach 2410 Private mobile clinic 2420 Private health worker 2421 Private field worker 2422 Private community/village health worker 2423 Private community-based distributor 2424 Private paramedic 2425 Private hakim/homeopath 2426 Private traditional healer 2427 Private traditional birth attendant (TBA) 2428 Private nurse 2500 Private health center 2600 Private family planning clinic 2610 Injectables outlet 2700 Private maternity home 2900 Other private medical 2901 Tent 2902 VCT center 3000 NGO SECTOR 3100 NGO health facility 3110 Static clinic 3120 Satellite clinic 3130 Marie Stopes facility 3131 Banja la Mtsogolo (BLM) 3140 Red Cross facility 3150 UN Relief and Works Agency facility 3160 Adventist Development and Relief Agency (ADRA) 3170 Population Services International (PSI) 3200 NGO health worker 3210 Depot holder 3220 Field worker 3230 Community-based distributor 3300 Country-specific NGO 3301 Amo-Congo 3302 Clinical Services Improvement (CSI) 3303 Malawi AIDS Counselling and Resource Organization (MACRO) 3304 Myanmar Medical Association (MMA) 3305 United Mission to Nepal (UMN) 3900 Other NGO 4000 RELIGIOUS/MISSION 4100 Religious hospital/clinic 4110 Religious hospital 4111 Religious referral/specialty hospital 4112 Religious district hospital 4120 Religious clinic 4200 Religious health center/dispensary 4210 Religious health center 4211 Mosque health center 4212 Church health center 4220 Religious dispensary 4300 Religious outreach 4310 Religious health post 4320 Religious mobile clinic 4330 Religious health worker 4331 Religious field worker 4900 Other religious 5000 UNSPECIFIED MEDICAL SECTOR 5100 Pharmacy/dispensary 5110 Pharmacy 5120 Dispensary 5200 Outreach 5210 Mobile clinic 5220 Health worker 5221 Field worker 5222 Traditional healer 5223 Health educator 5224 Peer educators 5230 Outreach clinic 5900 Other unspecified medical sector 5901 Media campaign 6000 OTHER 6100 Shop/market 6110 Shop 6111 General dealer 6112 Supermarket/tuck shop 6113 Supermarket 6114 Tuck shop 6120 Market 6130 Kiosk 6140 Gas station 6150 Other retail 6200 Church/mosque 6300 Friend/relative 6310 Friend 6320 Relative 6321 Partner 6400 Bar/nightclub/hotel 6410 Bar/nightclub 6411 Bar 6420 Hotel 6500 Workplace 6510 Respondent's workplace 6520 Partner's workplace 6600 Informal channels 6610 Drug vendor 6620 Support group 6630 Women's sittings 6700 Location for adolescents 6710 Youth center 6720 School 6900 Other facility 6901 Refugee camp 6902 Charity/foundation 9994 Abroad 9995 Other 9996 Inconsistent 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Last source for FP for current users, standardized 327. Where did you obtain (CURRENT METHOD) the last time? NAME OF PLACE ___ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL OR MEDICAL COLLEGE 11 FAMILY WELFARE CENTRE 12 THANA HEALTH COMPLEX 13 SATELLITE CLINIC OR EPI OUTREACH SITE 14 MATERNAL AND CHILD WELFARE CENTER (MCWC) 15 GOVERNMENT FIELD WORKER (FWA) 16 NGO SECTOR NGO STATIC CLINIC 21 NGO SATELLITE CLINIC 22 NGO DEPOT HOLDER 23 NGO FIELDWORKER 24 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC 31 QUALIFIED DOCTOR 32 TRADITIONAL DOCTOR 33 PHARMACY 34 OTHER PRIVATE SECTOR SHOP 41 FRIEND OR RELATIVES 42 OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 DON'T KNOW 98 For women using a modern method of contraception, FPLASTSRCS (V327) reports the type of facility that was the source of the last contraceptive method used by the woman. This variable was constructed by recoding country-specific responses into a few standard categories that are consistent across samples. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Missing 97 Don't know 07 Other 06 Church, Shop, friends, books 05 Private Pharmacy 04 Private Clin/Deliv 03 NGO 02 Govt Home/Comm delivery 01 Govt Clinic/Pharm Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Brand of Pills currently used 312A. May I see the package of pills that you are using now? RECORD NAME OF BRAND IF PACKAGE IS SEEN PACKAGE SEEN 1 (GO TO 318) BRAND NAME ___ PACKAGE NOT SEEN 2 For women who are currently using the Pill, FPPILLBRAND (V323) reports the brand name of the Pill that the respondent currently uses. 4203 Emkit 3112 Triella 2215 TriNovum 2114 Stediril 1241 Rigevidon 1240 Brevinor 1239 Lusiaf 1129 Yasmin 1128 Triquilar 1127 Trinordial 2113 " 1242 NewFem 1000 LOW-DOSE PILLS 1100 International brands 1101 Adepal 1102 Choice 1103 Cilest 1104 Combination-3 1105 Confidence 1106 Diane 1107 Duofem 1108 Eugynon 1109 Famila 28 1110 Femicon 1111 Gracial 1112 Lo-femenal 1113 Logynon 1114 Marvelon 1115 Microgynon 1116 Minidril 1117 Miniphase 1118 Nordette 1119 Norminest 1120 Norquest 1121 Novodol 1122 Oralcon F 1123 Ortho-Novum 1124 Pilplan 1125 Planif 1126 Planyl 1200 Country-specific brands 1201 Nogestol 1202 Desolon 1203 Femipill 1204 Maya 1205 Noret-28 1206 Ovacon 1207 Shuki 1208 Harmonie (PSI) 1209 Varnoline 1210 Microcept 1211 Microvlar 1212 Triocept 1213 Trivolar 1214 Style/Trigestrel 1215 Secure 1216 Microlite 1217 Apsara 1218 Ecroz 1219 Mala-D 1220 Mala-N 1221 Novelon 1222 Ovral L 1223 Pearl 1224 Anteovin 1225 Belara 1226 Gracial 1227 Loestrin 1228 Mawelon 1229 Norimin 1230 Femiplan 1231 Conova 30 1232 Trigynon 1233 OK pills 1234 Sure 1235 Feminyl 1236 Nilocon White 1237 Sunaulo Gulaf 1900 Unspecified low-dose pills 2000 HIGH-DOSE PILLS 2100 International brands 2101 Anovlar 2102 Gynovlar 2103 Lyndiol 2104 Microgynon 30 ED 2105 Milli Anovlar 2106 Neogynon 2107 Neogynon ED 2108 Nordiol 2109 Norquentiel 2110 Ovidon 2111 Ovral 2112 Ovulen 50 2200 Country-specific brands 2201 Combination-5 2202 Lynes 2203 Ovostat 2204 Regumen 2205 Novell-duo 2206 Gynera 2207 Primovlar 2208 Duoluton-L 2209 Ovral G 2210 Progyluton 2211 Gynovlane 2212 Ovanon 2213 Ovidon 2214 Triphasit 2900 Unspecified high-dose pill 3000 PROGESTIN-ONLY PILLS 3100 International brands 3101 Exluton/Lynestrenol 3102 Femulen 3103 Microlut 3104 Micronor 3105 Micronovum 3106 Microval 3107 " 3108 Minovlar 3109 Noriday 3110 Ovrette 3111 Safe Plan 3200 Country-specific brands 3201 Bredicon 3202 Minicon 3203 Levonor 3204 Hyan 3205 I-plan 3206 Primolut N 3207 Cerazette 3208 Planor 3209 Softsure 4000 EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTION 4100 International brands 4200 Country-specific brands 4201 Gravistal 4202 Postinor 4900 Unspecified emergency contraception 5000 NON-HORMONAL PILLS 5100 International brands 5200 Country-specific brands 5201 Centron 5202 Saheli 6000 UNSPECIFIED/UNKNOWN PILLS 6100 International brands 6101 Today (sponge) 6200 Country-specific brands 6201 Khoshi 6202 Aco 6203 Cotrablan 6204 Microvior 30 6205 Stero 6206 Blue 6207 Hot 6208 Kamal (foam) 6209 N/M tablets 6210 Nofian 6211 Period oil 6212 Sacharin 6213 Skill 6214 Moti 6215 Subitha 6216 Fingers 6217 Sutura 6218 Menstrogen (injection) 6219 Norvolain 6220 Flexi P 6221 Marutton 6900 Other unspecified/unknown pills 6901 Unspecified private brand 6902 Unspecified public brand 6903 Unspecified social marketing brand 9995 Other 9996 Not able to show 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Shown pill package 312A. May I see the package of pills that you are using now? RECORD NAME OF BRAND IF PACKAGE IS SEEN PACKAGE SEEN 1 (GO TO 318) BRAND NAME ___ PACKAGE NOT SEEN 2 For women who are currently using the Pill as a method of family planning, FPPILLPACK (V372) indicates whether the package of pills currently being used was seen by the interviewer. 0 Package not seen 1 Package seen 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS First FP method ever used 306A. Now I would like to ask you about the first time that you did something or used a method to avoid getting pregnant. What was the first method that you ever used? FEMALE STERILIZATION 01 MALE STERILIZATION 02 PILL 03 IUD 04 INJECTIONS 05 IMPLANTS 06 CONDOM 07 PERIODIC ABSTINENCE 09 WITHDRAWAL 10 LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD 11 OTHER METHOD (SPECIFY) 96 FP1METH (V369) reports the first family planning method the woman used. Responses are grouped into broad categories of "never used," "modern methods," "traditional methods," and "other methods," each beginning with a different first digit; specific methods within categories are distinguished by the second and third digits. Women who never used contraception are coded 0. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 998 Missing 300 OTHER METHOD, UNSPECIFIED 230 Other traditional/folkloric 220 Withdrawal 212 Abstinence 211 Periodic abstinence 210 Periodic abstinence or abstinence 200 TRADITIONAL METHODS 131 Prolonged breastfeeding 130 Lactational amenorrhea (LAM) 120 Diaphragn/Foam/Jelly 108 Male sterilization 107 Female sterilization 106 Female condom 105 Condom 104 Implants/Norplant 103 Injections 102 IUD 101 Pill 100 MODERN METHODS 000 Never used 999 NIU (not in universe) First use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Number living children at first use of FP (grouped) 307. How many living children did you have at that time, if any? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. NUMBER OF CHILDREN ___ FP1STUSGPKID (V311) reports the number of living children, if any, the woman had when she first used a contraceptive method, with the number top-coded at 4+ children. FP1STUSLVKID reports responses to the same question, without top-coding the answers. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4+ 7 Inconsistent number reported 8 Missing 9 Never used FP First use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Number living children at first use of FP 307. How many living children did you have at that time, if any? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. NUMBER OF CHILDREN ___ FP1STUSLVKID (V310) reports the number of living children the woman had the first time she used a contraceptive method. The same information is also reported in FP1STUSGPKID, except responses are top-coded at 4+ children in that variable and women who have never used contraception are coded as "9." 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 96 Inconsistent 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) First use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS FP current use or future intention 319. I would like to ask you some questions about the times you or your partner may have used a method to avoid getting pregnant during the last few years. USE CALENDAR TO PROBE FOR EARLIER PERIOD OF USE AND NONUSE, STARTING WITH MORE RECENT USE, BACK TO APRIL 1994 (BAISHAK 1401). USE NAMES OF CHILDREN, DATES OF BIRTH, AND PERIODS OF PREGNANCY AS REFERENCE POINTS. IN COLUMN 1, ENTER METHOD OF USE CODE OR '0' FOR NONUSE IN EACH BLANK MONTH. ILLUSTRATIVE QUESTIONS FOR COLUMN 1: When was the last time you used a method? Which method was that? When did you start using that method? How long after the birth of (NAME)? How long did you use the method then? IN COLUMN 2, ENTER METHOD SOURCE CODE IN FIRST MONTH OF EACH USE. ILLUSTRATIVE QUESTIONS FOR COLUMN 2: Where did you obtain the method when you started using it? Where did you get advice on how to use the method (for LAM, rhythm, or withdrawal)? IN COLUMN 3, ENTER CODES FOR DISCONTINUATION NEXT TO LAST MONTH OF USE. NUMBER OF CODES IN COLUMN 3 MUST BE THE SAME AS NUMBER OF INTERRUPTIONS OF METHOD USE IN COLUMN 1. ASK WHY SHE STOPPED USING THE METHOD. IF A PREGNANCY FOLLOWED, ASK WHETHER SHE BECAME PREGNANT UNINTENTIONALLY WHILE USING THE METHOD OR DELIBERATELY STOPPED TO GET PREGNANT. ILLUSTRATIVE QUESTION FOR COLUMN 3: Why did you stop using the (METHOD)? Did you become pregnant while using (METHOD), or did you stop to get pregnant, or did you stop for some other reason? IF DELIBERATELY STOPPED TO BECOME PREGNANT, ASK: How many months did it take you to get pregnant after you stopped using (METHOD)? AND ENTER '0' IN EACH SUCH MONTH IN COLUMN 1. FPUSINTENT (V364) is a constructed variable drawing on responses to multiple survey questions that divides women into the following categories: those who are currently using a contraceptive method (either modern or traditional); those who are not now using contraception but intend to do so in the future; those who are neither using contraception now nor intend to do so in the future; and (in a minority of samples) those who never had sex. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. IPUMS-DHS users are encouraged to review FPMETHNOW and FPUSPLAN for additional information on the variables used to construct FPUSINTENT. 1 Using modern method 2 Using traditional method 3 Non-user intending to use 4 Does not intend to use 9 NIU (not in universe) 5 Never had sex Future use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Intention to use FP in future 610. Do you think you will use a method to delay or avoid pregnancy at any time in the future? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 612) DON'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 612) FPUSPLAN (V362) is a constructed variable based on multiple survey questions that reports, for women not currently using contraception, whether the woman intends to use contraception in the future and, if so, when she intends to begin use (in the next 12 months or later). Women uncertain about future contraceptive use are subdivided into those who are unsure about using a method and those unsure about the timing of planned future use. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 10 Will use in future 11 Use in next 12 months 12 Use later 20 Unsure about future use 21 Unsure about timing 22 Unsure about use 30 Does not intend to use 40 Never had sex 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Future use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Preferred future FP method 611. Which method would you prefer to use? FEMALE STERILIZATION 01 (GO TO 614) MALE STERILIZATION 02 (GO TO 614) PILL 03 (GO TO 614) IUD 04 (GO TO 614) INJECTIONS 05 (GO TO 614) IMPLANTS 06 (GO TO 614) CONDOM 07 (GO TO 614) PERIODIC ABSTINENCE 09 (GO TO 614) WITHDRAWAL 10 (GO TO 614) LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD 11 (GO TO 614) OTHER METHOD (SPECIFY) 96 (GO TO 614) UNSURE 98 (GO TO 614) For women not currently using a contraceptive method but intending to do so in the future, FPMETHFUTR (V363) reports the family planning method the woman would prefer to use. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. Answers are grouped under the broad categories of "modern methods," "traditional methods," and "other methods," each with a different first digit. Specific methods are distinguished by the second and third digits. Closely related responses, such as various groupings of diaphragm/foam/jelly, share the first 2 digits in common, while the third digit distinguishes the exact response category. 999 NIU (not in universe) 998 Missing 997 Inconsistent 304 Specific method 4 303 Specific method 3 302 Specific method 2 301 Specific method 1 300 Other method, unspecified 234 Traditional medications 233 Astrology 232 Gris-gris/amulet 231 Herbs 230 Other traditional/folkloric 220 Withdrawal 212 Abstinence 211 Periodic abstinence 210 Abstinence or periodic abstinence 200 TRADITIONAL METHODS 160 Whatever doctor prescribes 150 Other modern methods 140 Emergency contraception 131 Prolonged breastfeeding 130 Lactational amenorrhea (LAM) 126 Vaginal methods 125 Foaming tablets 124 Foam or jelly 123 Diaphragm/Jelly 122 Diaphragm/Foam 121 Diaphragm 120 Diaphragm/Foam/Jelly 108 Male sterilization 107 Female sterilization 106 Female condom 105 Condom 104 Norplant/implants 103 Injections 102 IUD 101 Pill 100 MODERN METHODS 213 CycleBeads/Standard days method 214 Mucus method (periodic abstinence) 235 Knotted cord/strings 236 Charm from traditional spiritual leader 996 Don't know Future use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use any type of FP (folk, traditional, modern) 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Has your husband ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. YES 1 NO 2 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. YES 1 NO 2 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. YES 1 NO 2 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. YES 1 NO 2 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. YES 1 NO 2 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSE (V302) is a constructed variable that reports whether the woman had ever used a family planning method and, if so, whether she had used a modern contraceptive method or only a traditional or folkloric method. In the DHS, modern methods are pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. 00 Never used 10 Used only traditional or folkloric method 11 Used only traditional method 12 Used only folkloric method 20 Used modern method Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use Pill for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Has your husband ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. YES 1 NO 2 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. YES 1 NO 2 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. YES 1 NO 2 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. YES 1 NO 2 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. YES 1 NO 2 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSPILL (V305_01) indicates whether the woman has ever used the pill to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use IUD for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Has your husband ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. YES 1 NO 2 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. YES 1 NO 2 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. YES 1 NO 2 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. YES 1 NO 2 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. YES 1 NO 2 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSIUD (V305_02) indicates whether the woman had ever used an IUD to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use injectable for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Has your husband ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. YES 1 NO 2 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. YES 1 NO 2 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. YES 1 NO 2 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. YES 1 NO 2 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. YES 1 NO 2 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSINJ (V305_03) indicates whether the woman has ever used injectable contraception to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use condom for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Has your husband ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. YES 1 NO 2 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. YES 1 NO 2 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. YES 1 NO 2 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. YES 1 NO 2 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. YES 1 NO 2 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSCON (V305_05) indicates whether the woman had ever used the male condom to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use female sterilization for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Has your husband ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. YES 1 NO 2 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. YES 1 NO 2 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. YES 1 NO 2 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. YES 1 NO 2 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. YES 1 NO 2 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSFST (V305_06) indicates whether the woman had ever used female sterilization to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use withdrawal for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Has your husband ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. YES 1 NO 2 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. YES 1 NO 2 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. YES 1 NO 2 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. YES 1 NO 2 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. YES 1 NO 2 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSWD (V305_09) indicates whether the woman has ever used withdrawal to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use rhythm for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Has your husband ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. YES 1 NO 2 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. YES 1 NO 2 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. YES 1 NO 2 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. YES 1 NO 2 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. YES 1 NO 2 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSRHY (V305_08) indicates whether the woman had ever used rhythm (periodic abstinence) to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use male sterilization for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Has your husband ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. YES 1 NO 2 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. YES 1 NO 2 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. YES 1 NO 2 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. YES 1 NO 2 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. YES 1 NO 2 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSMST (V305_07) indicates whether the woman had ever used male sterilization to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use implants/Norplant for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Has your husband ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. YES 1 NO 2 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. YES 1 NO 2 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. YES 1 NO 2 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. YES 1 NO 2 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. YES 1 NO 2 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSIMP (V305_11) indicates whether the woman had ever used implants (such as Norplant) to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use female condom for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Has your husband ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. YES 1 NO 2 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. YES 1 NO 2 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. YES 1 NO 2 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. YES 1 NO 2 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. YES 1 NO 2 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSFC (V305_14) indicates whether the woman had ever used the female condom to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use Lactational amenorrhea method for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Has your husband ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. YES 1 NO 2 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. YES 1 NO 2 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. YES 1 NO 2 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. YES 1 NO 2 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. YES 1 NO 2 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSLAM (V305_13) indicates whether the woman had ever used the lactational amenorrhea method (LAM) to delay or avoid a pregnancy. The complementary variable FPKNOLAM indicates whether the woman knew about LAM as a method for family planning. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use other methods for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Has your husband ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. YES 1 NO 2 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. YES 1 NO 2 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. YES 1 NO 2 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. YES 1 NO 2 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. YES 1 NO 2 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSOM (V305_10) indicates whether the woman has ever used other methods to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Reason regrets sterilization 315B. Why do you regret it? RESPONDENT WANTS ANOTHER CHILD 1 PARTNER WANTS ANOTHER CHILD 2 SIDE EFFECTS 3 CHILD DIED 4 OTHER REASON (SPECIFY) 6 For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERREG (V618) reports the reason (if any) they regret getting sterilized. 00 No regret 01 Respondent wants a(nother) child 02 Partner wants a(nother) child 03 Side effects 04 Child died 05 Marital status changed 06 Operation failed 95 Other reason 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Age at sterilization (grouped) 316. In what month and year was the sterilization operation performed? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERILAGE (V320) reports their age at the time of their sterilization operation. 7 50 - 54 years old 1 Less than 25 years old 2 25 - 29 years old 3 30 - 34 years old 4 35 - 39 years old 5 40 - 44 years old 6 45 - 49 years old 9 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Parity at sterilization 316. In what month and year was the sterilization operation performed? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERILPAR (V322) reports the parity of the women at the time of their sterilization, top-coded at 5+ children. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 or more 9 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Marital duration at time of sterilization 316. In what month and year was the sterilization operation performed? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERMARDUR (V321) reports, in 5-year groups, the women's marital duration at the time of their sterilization. 0 Single, before marriage 1 0 - 4 years 2 5 - 9 years 3 10 - 14 years 4 15 - 19 years 5 20 - 24 years 6 25 - 29 years 9 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Years since sterilization 316. In what month and year was the sterilization operation performed? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERYRAGO (V319) reports the number of years since their sterilization operation, using 2-year groups, top-coded at 10+ years. 1 Less than 2 years 2 2 - 3 years 3 4 - 5 years 4 6 - 7 years 5 8 - 9 years 6 10 or more years 9 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Date when sterilized (CMC) 316. In what month and year was the sterilization operation performed? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERILDTCMC reports the century month code (CMC) for the date of their sterilization. 9999 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Month of sterilization 316. In what month and year was the sterilization operation performed? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERILMO reports the calendar month of their sterilization. The calendar year of their sterilization is reported in FPSTERILYR. 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 99 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Year when sterilized 316. In what month and year was the sterilization operation performed? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERILYR reports the calendar year of their sterilization. The calendar month of their sterilization is reported in FPSTERILMO. 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 9999 NIU (not in universe) 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information - date of sterilization 316. In what month and year was the sterilization operation performed? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERCOMP reports the completeness of information about the date of their sterilization. 1 Month and year given 5 Month imputed, year given 6 Month given, year imputed (date placed) 7 No information given (date placed) 8 From calendar 9 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Visited by family planning worker in past 12 months 334A. During the last six months has anyone visited you in your house to talk to you about family planning or to give you any family planning method? IF YES: Who came? Anyone else? WRITE THE NAME AND WORKER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER OF THE FIELD WORKER. NAME ___ IDENTIFICATION NUMBER ___ GOVERNMENT FP WORKER A GOVERNMENT HEALTH WORKER B NGO WORKER C NO ONE Y (GO TO 335A) FPHOMVISITY (V393) indicates whether the woman was visited by a health worker who talked to her about family planning in the 12 months preceding the interview. 8 Missing 1 Yes 0 No 9 NIU (not in universe) 7 Don't know Information on family planning Variables -- TOPICS Heard FP message on radio 619. In the last month have you heard about family planning: On the radio? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 On the television? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 In a newspaper or magazine? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 From a poster of billboard? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 From a leaflet? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 From a community events? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 FPRADIOHR (V384A) indicates whether the woman heard family planning message(s) on the radio in the last few months. Some samples specify other periods of time. See Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, only once 12 Yes, more than once 98 Missing 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) Information on family planning Variables -- TOPICS Heard FP message on TV recently 619. In the last month have you heard about family planning: On the radio? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 On the television? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 In a newspaper or magazine? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 From a poster of billboard? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 From a leaflet? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 From a community events? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 FPTVHR (V384B) indicates whether the woman heard family planning message(s) on television in the last few months. Some samples specify other periods of time. See Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Information on family planning Variables -- TOPICS Saw FP message in brochure or pamphlet 619. In the last month have you heard about family planning: On the radio? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 On the television? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 In a newspaper or magazine? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 From a poster of billboard? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 From a leaflet? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 From a community events? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 FPBROCHHR (V384E) indicates whether the woman has recently seen family planning messages in a leaflet, pamphlet, or brochure. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Information on family planning Variables -- TOPICS Heard FP message in newspaper/magazine 619. In the last month have you heard about family planning: On the radio? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 On the television? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 In a newspaper or magazine? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 From a poster of billboard? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 From a leaflet? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 From a community events? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 FPNEWSHR (V384C) indicates whether the woman has recently seen family planning messages in a newspaper or magazine. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Information on family planning Variables -- TOPICS Seen FP message on poster or pamphlet 619. In the last month have you heard about family planning: On the radio? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 On the television? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 In a newspaper or magazine? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 From a poster of billboard? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 From a leaflet? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 From a community events? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 FPPOSTHR indicates whether the woman has recently seen family planning messages on a poster. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Information on family planning Variables -- TOPICS Heard about family planning: Community meetings 619. In the last month have you heard about family planning: On the radio? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 On the television? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 In a newspaper or magazine? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 From a poster of billboard? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 From a leaflet? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 From a community events? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 FPCOMMHR indicates whether the woman has recently seen family planning messages at a community event or meeting. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Information on family planning Variables -- TOPICS Why not using FP to avoid pregnancy 607. CHECK 602: WANTS A OR ANOTHER CHILD(REN): You said that you do not want (a or another) child soon, but you are not using any method to avoid pregnancy. Can you tell me why? WANTS NO MORE CHILDREN: You have said that you do not want any (more) children, but you are not using any method to avoid pregnancy. Can you tell me why? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. FERTILITY-RELATED REASONS NOT HAVING SEX A INFREQUENT SEX B MENOPAUSAL OR HYSTERECTOMY C SUB FECUND OR INFECUND D POSTPARTUM AMENORRHEIC E BREASTFEEDING F FATALISTIC G OPPOSITION TO USE RESPONDENT OPPOSED H HUSBAND OPPOSED I OTHERS OPPOSED J RELIGIOUS PROHIBITION K LACK OF KNOWLEDGE KNOWS NO METHOD L KNOWS NO SOURCE M METHOD-RELATED REASONS HEALTH CONCERNS N REAR OF SIDE EFFECTS O LACK OF ACCESS OR TOO FAR P COST TOO MUCH Q INCONVENIENT TO USE R INTERFERES WITH BODY'S NORMAL PROCESSES S OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z For women who are not now using a contraceptive method and are not pregnant, FPYNOTUS (V375A) reports why the woman is not using family planning to avoid pregnancy. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. Responses are grouped into broad categories of "not married,' "other low fertility risk," "wants children," "opposition to use," "lack of knowledge," "method-related," and "other," each beginning with a different first digit; subcategories under these broad headings are distinguished by the second digit. 10 NOT MARRIED 11 Not married 12 Not intending to marry 13 Separated from partner 14 Widowed 20 OTHER LOW FERTILITY RISK 21 Not having sex 22 Infrequent sex 23 Menopausal or hysterectomy 24 Subfecund, infecund 25 Postpartum, breastfeeding 26 Pregnant 27 Too young (not having periods) 30 WANTS CHILDREN 31 Wants more children 32 Fatalistic 40 OPPOSITION TO USE 41 Respondent opposed 42 Husband opposed 43 Others opposed 44 Religious prohib 45 Cultural taboo 50 LACK OF KNOWLEDGE 51 Knows no method 52 Knows no source 53 Rumors 60 METHOD-RELATED 61 Health concerns 62 Fear side effects 63 Lack of access 64 Cost too much 65 Inconvenient to use 66 Interfere with body 70 OTHER 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Why not use family planning Variables -- TOPICS Why not intend to use FP in future 612. What is the main reason that you will not use a method at any time in the future? FERTILITY-RELATED REASONS NOT HAVING SEX 11 INFREQUENT SEX 12 MENOPAUSAL OR HYSTERECTOMY 13 SUB FECUND OR INFECUND 14 POSTPARTUM AMENORRHEIC 15 BREASTFEEDING 16 FATALISTIC 17 OPPOSITION TO USE RESPONDENT OPPOSED 21 HUSBAND OPPOSED 22 OTHERS OPPOSED 23 RELIGIOUS PROHIBITION 24 LACK OF KNOWLEDGE KNOWS NO METHOD 31 KNOWS NO SOURCE 32 METHOD-RELATED REASONS HEALTH CONCERNS 41 REAR OF SIDE EFFECTS 42 LACK OF ACCESS OR TOO FAR 43 COST TOO MUCH 45 INCONVENIENT TO USE 46 INTERFERES WITH BODY'S NORMAL PROCESSES 47 OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 DON'T KNOW 98 For women not now using a contraceptive method and not intending to do so in the future, FPYNOTFUS (V376) reports the reason the woman doesn't intend to use family planning in the future. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. Responses are grouped into the following broad categories, each with a different first digit: not married, other low fertility risk, wants children, opposition to use, lack of knowledge, method-related, and other. Specific responses within these categories are distinguished by the second digit of the codes. 10 NOT MARRIED 11 Not married 12 Not intending to marry 13 Inconsistent says not married 20 OTHER LOW FERTILITY RISK 21 Not having sex 22 Infrequent sex 23 Menopausal or hysterectomy 24 Subfecund, infecund 25 Postpartum, breastfeeding 26 Husband ill or subfecund 30 WANTS CHILDREN 31 Wants more children 32 Wants son 33 Wants daughter 34 Fatalistic 35 Wants as many children as possible 40 OPPOSITION TO USE 41 Respondent opposed 42 Husband opposed/makes decision on FP 43 Others opposed 44 Religious prohibition 45 Cultural taboos 46 Rumors 50 LACK OF KNOWLEDGE 51 Knows no method 52 Knows no source 60 METHOD-RELATED 61 Health concerns 62 Fear side effects 63 Lack of access 64 Cost too much 65 Inconvenient to use 66 Interfere with body 67 Sterilization concerns 70 OTHER 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Why not use family planning Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Pill SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPTYPPILL (V304A_01) reports whether the Pill is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPPILL (V304A_01) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 9 NIU (not in universe) 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: IUD SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPTYPIUD (V304A_02) reports whether the intrauterine device (IUD) is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPIUD (V304A_02) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 9 NIU (not in universe) 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Injectables SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPTYPINJ (V304A_03) reports whether injectable contraception is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPINJ (V304A_03) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 9 NIU (not in universe) 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Condom SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPTYPCON (V304A_05) reports whether the male condom is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPCON (V304A_05) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 9 NIU (not in universe) 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Female sterilization SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPTYPFST (V304A_06) reports whether female sterilization is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPFST (V304A_06) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 9 NIU (not in universe) 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Male sterilization SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPTYPMST (V304A_07) reports whether male sterilization is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPMST (V304A_07) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 9 NIU (not in universe) 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Rhythm method SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPTYPRHY (V304A_08) reports whether the rhythm method (periodic abstinence) is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the standard DHS recode manuals, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. In some cases, however, there are exceptions to this organization; see Comparability. Additionally, while FPTYPRHY (V304A_08) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Withdrawal SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPTYPWD (V304A_09) reports whether withdrawal is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the standard DHS recode manuals, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. In some cases, however, there are exceptions to this organization; see Comparability. Additionally, while FPTYPWD (V304A_09) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Implants or norplants SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPTYPIMP (V304A_11) reports whether the contraceptive implant (such as Norplant) is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPIMP (V304A_11) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Abstinence SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPTYPABS (V304A_12) reports whether abstinence is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. In some cases, however, there are exceptions to this organization; see Comparability. Additionally, while FPTYPABS and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Lactational amenorrhea (prolonged breastfeeding) SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPTYPLAM (V304A_13) reports whether the lactational amenorrhea method (LAM) is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. How lactational amenorrhea was characterized varies across samples; see Comparability and Codes. In the standard DHS recode manuals, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. In some cases, however, there are exceptions to this organization; see Comparability. Additionally, while FPTYPLAM (V304A_13) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Female condom SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPTYPFC (V304A_14) reports whether the female condom is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. In some cases, however, there are exceptions to this organization; see Comparability. Additionally, while FPTYPFC (V304A_14) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Foam and jelly SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPTYPFJ (V304A_15) reports whether spermicide, such as foam or jelly, is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. In some cases, however, there are exceptions to this organization; see Comparability. Additionally, while FPTYPFJ (V304A_15) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Other method SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPTYPOM (V304A_10) reports whether any "other" method reported by the woman is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. The meaning of "other" depends on the specific response categories included in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPOM (V304A_10) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Number of times discussed FP with partner in past year 621. How often have you talked to your husband about family planning in the past year? NEVER 1 ONCE OR TWICE 2 MORE OFTEN 8 FPTALKHUSNO (V611) reports the number of the times the woman has recently discussed family planning with her husband/partner. 0 Never 1 Once or twice 2 More often 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 7 Don't know Discussion of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Heard of AIDS SECTION 7. AIDS AND OTHER SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES 701. Now I would like to talk about something else. Have you ever heard of an illness called AIDS? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 718) AIDSHEARD (V751) indicates whether the woman has heard of AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Thinks a healthy-looking person can have AIDS 710. Is it possible for a health-looking person to have the AIDS virus? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 AIDHEALTHY (V756) indicates whether the woman thinks it is possible for a healthy-looking person to have HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Spoke with spouse about avoiding HIV/AIDS 715. Have you ever talked about ways to prevent getting the virus that causes AIDS with your husband? YES 1 NO 2 AIDTALKPAR (V776) indicates whether the woman has spoken with her cohabiting partner or spouse about avoiding AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Knows there are ways to avoid HIV/AIDS 702. Is there anything a person can do to avoid getting AIDS or the virus that causes AIDS? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 710) DON'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 710) AIDPREVENT (V753) indicates whether the respondent believes there are things a person can do to avoid HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks having only 1 sex partner reduces AIDS risk (yes/no) 706. If a person has sex with only one partner, does this person have a greater or a lesser chance of getting AIDS than a person who has sex with many partners? GREATER CHANCE OF AIDS 1 LESSER CHANCE OF AIDS 2 DON'T KNOW 8 AID1PARLOWRYN (V754DP) indicates whether the woman believes having sex with only one partner who has no other sex partners reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. For a similar variable asked as an open-ended question, see AID1PARLOWR (V754D). 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks always using a condom reduces AIDS risk (yes/no) 709. If a person uses a condom every time he or she has sexual intercourse, does this person have a greater or a lesser chance of getting AIDS than someone who does not use a condom? GREATER CHANCE OF AIDS 1 LESSER CHANCE OF AIDS 2 DON'T KNOW 8 AIDCONLOWRYN (V754CP) indicates whether the woman believes using a condom during sex reduces risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. For a similar variable asked as an open-ended question, see AIDCONLOWR (V754C). 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks having only 1 sex partner reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEX A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED INJECTIONS OR USE DISPOSABLE INJECTIONS J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BIRTHS L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AID1PARLOWR (V754D) indicates whether the woman reported that having sex with only one partner reduces risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. For a similar variable using a yes/no question format, see AID1PARLOWRYN (V754DP). 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 7 Don't know 1 Yes 0 No HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks not having sex reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEX A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED INJECTIONS OR USE DISPOSABLE INJECTIONS J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BIRTHS L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDABSTLOWR (V754B) indicates whether the woman reported that abstaining from sex reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. For a similar variable using a yes/no question format, see AIDABSTLOWRYN (V754BP). 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 7 Don't know 1 Yes 0 No HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks always using a condom reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEX A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED INJECTIONS OR USE DISPOSABLE INJECTIONS J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BIRTHS L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDCONLOWR (V754C) indicates whether the woman reported that using a condom during sex reduces risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. For a similar variable using a yes/no question format, see AIDCONLOWRYN (V754CP). 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks avoiding sex with prostitutes reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEX A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED INJECTIONS OR USE DISPOSABLE INJECTIONS J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BIRTHS L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDPROSTLOWR (V754E) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, that avoiding sex with prostitutes reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks avoiding homosexual intercourse reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEX A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED INJECTIONS OR USE DISPOSABLE INJECTIONS J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BIRTHS L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDSAMESEXLOWR (V754F) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, that avoiding homosexual intercourse reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks avoiding blood transfusions lowers AIDS risk (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEX A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED INJECTIONS OR USE DISPOSABLE INJECTIONS J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BIRTHS L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDBLOODLOWR (V754G) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, that avoiding blood transfusions reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks avoiding kissing reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEX A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED INJECTIONS OR USE DISPOSABLE INJECTIONS J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BIRTHS L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDKISSLOWR (V754I) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, that avoiding kissing reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks avoiding mosquito bites reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEX A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED INJECTIONS OR USE DISPOSABLE INJECTIONS J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BIRTHS L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDBITELOWR (V754J) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, that avoiding mosquito bites reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks seeking traditional healing reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEX A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED INJECTIONS OR USE DISPOSABLE INJECTIONS J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BIRTHS L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDHEALLOWR (V754K) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, that seeking protection from a traditional healer reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks avoiding promiscuous partners reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEX A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED INJECTIONS OR USE DISPOSABLE INJECTIONS J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BIRTHS L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDPARLOWR (V754M) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, that avoiding sexual partners who have many other partners reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks no sex with IV drug users reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEX A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED INJECTIONS OR USE DISPOSABLE INJECTIONS J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BIRTHS L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDIVSEXLOWR (V754N) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, that avoiding sex with intravenous drug users reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks not sharing razors with AIDS patients reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEX A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED INJECTIONS OR USE DISPOSABLE INJECTIONS J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BIRTHS L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDSHARPLOWR (V754O) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, that avoiding sharing razors or blades reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks only having sex within marriage reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEX A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED INJECTIONS OR USE DISPOSABLE INJECTIONS J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BIRTHS L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDMARRLOWR indicates whether the respondent reported, in response to an open-ended question, that only having sex within marriage reduces risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks using only new/sterilized needles reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEX A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED INJECTIONS OR USE DISPOSABLE INJECTIONS J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BIRTHS L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDSAFEINJLOWR indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported that using new or sterilized needles (for injections) reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. The related variable AIDINJLOWR indicates whether the respondent reported avoiding injections (regardless of needle cleanliness) as a way to reduce the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks some other response reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEX A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED INJECTIONS OR USE DISPOSABLE INJECTIONS J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BIRTHS L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDOTHLOWR (V754X) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, some "other" way of reducing the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. The meaning of "other" depends on the responses included in a given survey. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Does not know any ways to avoid AIDS 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEX A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED INJECTIONS OR USE DISPOSABLE INJECTIONS J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BIRTHS L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDDKLOWR (V754Z) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, that she did not know any way of reducing the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No, knows ways to avoid AIDS 1 Yes, does not know ways to avoid AIDS 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks someone with multiple sex partners can get HIV/AIDS 705. In your opinion, is there any chance of getting AIDS for a person with multiple sexual partners? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 707) DON'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 707) AIDGETPARTNERS indicates whether the respondent believes it is possible for someone with multiple sex partners to get HIV/AIDS. The related variable AIDTHRUMANYPARS indicates whether the respondent reported, in response to an open-ended question, that sex with many partners was a risk factor for AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Radio 701A. From which sources of information have you learned most about AIDS? Any other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TV B NEWSPAPER OR MAGAZINES C PAMPHLETS OR POSTERS D HEALTH WORKERS E MOSQUES OR TEMPLES OR CHURCHES F SCHOOLS OR TEACHERS G COMMUNITY MEETINGS H FRIENDS OR RELATIVES I WORK PLACE J OTHER (SPECIFY) X AIDSINFORADIO (V752A) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported the radio as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Television 701A. From which sources of information have you learned most about AIDS? Any other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TV B NEWSPAPER OR MAGAZINES C PAMPHLETS OR POSTERS D HEALTH WORKERS E MOSQUES OR TEMPLES OR CHURCHES F SCHOOLS OR TEACHERS G COMMUNITY MEETINGS H FRIENDS OR RELATIVES I WORK PLACE J OTHER (SPECIFY) X AIDSINFOTV (V752B) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported the television as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Newspaper/magazine 701A. From which sources of information have you learned most about AIDS? Any other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TV B NEWSPAPER OR MAGAZINES C PAMPHLETS OR POSTERS D HEALTH WORKERS E MOSQUES OR TEMPLES OR CHURCHES F SCHOOLS OR TEACHERS G COMMUNITY MEETINGS H FRIENDS OR RELATIVES I WORK PLACE J OTHER (SPECIFY) X AIDSINFONEWS (V752C) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported newspapers or magazines as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Posters/brochures/pamphlets 701A. From which sources of information have you learned most about AIDS? Any other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TV B NEWSPAPER OR MAGAZINES C PAMPHLETS OR POSTERS D HEALTH WORKERS E MOSQUES OR TEMPLES OR CHURCHES F SCHOOLS OR TEACHERS G COMMUNITY MEETINGS H FRIENDS OR RELATIVES I WORK PLACE J OTHER (SPECIFY) X AIDSINFOPOSTER (V752D) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported pamphlets, posters, or brochures as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Clinic/Health worker 701A. From which sources of information have you learned most about AIDS? Any other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TV B NEWSPAPER OR MAGAZINES C PAMPHLETS OR POSTERS D HEALTH WORKERS E MOSQUES OR TEMPLES OR CHURCHES F SCHOOLS OR TEACHERS G COMMUNITY MEETINGS H FRIENDS OR RELATIVES I WORK PLACE J OTHER (SPECIFY) X AIDSINFOWKR (V752E) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported a clinic or health worker as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Church/mosque 701A. From which sources of information have you learned most about AIDS? Any other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TV B NEWSPAPER OR MAGAZINES C PAMPHLETS OR POSTERS D HEALTH WORKERS E MOSQUES OR TEMPLES OR CHURCHES F SCHOOLS OR TEACHERS G COMMUNITY MEETINGS H FRIENDS OR RELATIVES I WORK PLACE J OTHER (SPECIFY) X AIDSINFOCHURCH (V752F) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported a church or mosque as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Schools/teachers 701A. From which sources of information have you learned most about AIDS? Any other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TV B NEWSPAPER OR MAGAZINES C PAMPHLETS OR POSTERS D HEALTH WORKERS E MOSQUES OR TEMPLES OR CHURCHES F SCHOOLS OR TEACHERS G COMMUNITY MEETINGS H FRIENDS OR RELATIVES I WORK PLACE J OTHER (SPECIFY) X AIDSINFOSCHOOL (V752G) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported schools or teachers as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Community meetings 701A. From which sources of information have you learned most about AIDS? Any other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TV B NEWSPAPER OR MAGAZINES C PAMPHLETS OR POSTERS D HEALTH WORKERS E MOSQUES OR TEMPLES OR CHURCHES F SCHOOLS OR TEACHERS G COMMUNITY MEETINGS H FRIENDS OR RELATIVES I WORK PLACE J OTHER (SPECIFY) X AIDSINFOCOMM (V752H) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported community meetings as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Friend/relative 701A. From which sources of information have you learned most about AIDS? Any other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TV B NEWSPAPER OR MAGAZINES C PAMPHLETS OR POSTERS D HEALTH WORKERS E MOSQUES OR TEMPLES OR CHURCHES F SCHOOLS OR TEACHERS G COMMUNITY MEETINGS H FRIENDS OR RELATIVES I WORK PLACE J OTHER (SPECIFY) X AIDSINFOFRND (V752I) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported friends or relatives as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Workplace 701A. From which sources of information have you learned most about AIDS? Any other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TV B NEWSPAPER OR MAGAZINES C PAMPHLETS OR POSTERS D HEALTH WORKERS E MOSQUES OR TEMPLES OR CHURCHES F SCHOOLS OR TEACHERS G COMMUNITY MEETINGS H FRIENDS OR RELATIVES I WORK PLACE J OTHER (SPECIFY) X AIDSINFOWORK (V752J) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported her workplace as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Spouse 701A. From which sources of information have you learned most about AIDS? Any other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TV B NEWSPAPER OR MAGAZINES C PAMPHLETS OR POSTERS D HEALTH WORKERS E MOSQUES OR TEMPLES OR CHURCHES F SCHOOLS OR TEACHERS G COMMUNITY MEETINGS H FRIENDS OR RELATIVES I WORK PLACE J OTHER (SPECIFY) X AIDSINFOSPOU indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported her spouse as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Other 701A. From which sources of information have you learned most about AIDS? Any other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TV B NEWSPAPER OR MAGAZINES C PAMPHLETS OR POSTERS D HEALTH WORKERS E MOSQUES OR TEMPLES OR CHURCHES F SCHOOLS OR TEACHERS G COMMUNITY MEETINGS H FRIENDS OR RELATIVES I WORK PLACE J OTHER (SPECIFY) X AIDSINFOOTH (V752X) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported some "other" source as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. The meaning of "other" depends on the specific responses included in a given survey. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Children present during sexual experience questions SECTION 5. MARRIAGE 501. PRESENCE OF OTHERS AT THIS POINT. CHILDREN UNDER 10 YES 1 NO 2 HUSBAND YES 1 NO 2 OTHER MALES YES 1 NO 2 OTHER FEMALES YES 1 NO 2 SXPRESKID (V815A) indicates whether any children under the age of 10 were present when the interviewer asked survey questions regarding the woman's sexual experience. This variable relates to the interviewer's observation and is not asked of the woman respondent directly. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Privacy Variables -- TOPICS Male adult present during sexual experience questions SECTION 5. MARRIAGE 501. PRESENCE OF OTHERS AT THIS POINT. CHILDREN UNDER 10 YES 1 NO 2 HUSBAND YES 1 NO 2 OTHER MALES YES 1 NO 2 OTHER FEMALES YES 1 NO 2 SXPRESMALE (V815B) indicates whether any male adult was present when the interviewer asked survey questions regarding the woman's sexual experience. This variable relates to the interviewer's observation and is not asked of the woman respondent directly. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Privacy Variables -- TOPICS Female adult present during sexual experience questions SECTION 5. MARRIAGE 501. PRESENCE OF OTHERS AT THIS POINT. CHILDREN UNDER 10 YES 1 NO 2 HUSBAND YES 1 NO 2 OTHER MALES YES 1 NO 2 OTHER FEMALES YES 1 NO 2 SXPRESFEM (V815C) indicates whether another female adult was present when the interviewer asked survey questions about the woman's sexual experience. This variable relates to the interviewer's observation and is not asked of the woman respondent directly. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Privacy Variables -- TOPICS Husband present during sexual experience questions SECTION 5. MARRIAGE 501. PRESENCE OF OTHERS AT THIS POINT. CHILDREN UNDER 10 YES 1 NO 2 HUSBAND YES 1 NO 2 OTHER MALES YES 1 NO 2 OTHER FEMALES YES 1 NO 2 SXPRESHUS indicates whether the respondent's husband was present when the interviewer asked survey questions regarding the woman's sexual experience. This variable relates to the interviewer's observation and is not asked of the woman respondent directly. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Privacy Variables -- TOPICS Heard about other STDs 718. (Apart from AIDS), have you heard about (other) infections that can be transmitted through sexual contact? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 721) STIHEARDOTH (V785) indicates whether the woman has heard of any sexually transmitted infection other than AIDS. For a variable that records whether the respondent has heard of AIDS or any other STIs, see STIHEARD (V750). 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 1 Yes 0 No STI knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Had genital ulcer/sore in last 12 months 721. Now I would like to ask you about some health symptoms you yourself may have. During the past 6 months, have you had any of the following problems: 1. Any itching or irritation in vaginal area with discharge? YES 1 NO 2 2. A genital sore or ulcer? YES 1 NO 2 3. A bad odor along with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 4. Severe lower abdominal pain with a discharge, not related with menstruation? YES 1 NO 2 5. A fever along with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 6. Problem with pain or burning while urinating or more frequent or difficult urination? YES 1 NO 2 FOR CURRENTLY MARRIED: 7. Pain in abdomen or vagina during intercourse? YES 1 NO 2 8. Blood after having sex when you are not menstruating? YES 1 NO 2 9. Any other problem with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 STISOREYR (V763B) indicates whether the woman had a sore or genital ulcer in the last 12 months. 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 7 Don't know 1 Yes 0 No STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had abdominal pain with discharge in last 6 months 721. Now I would like to ask you about some health symptoms you yourself may have. During the past 6 months, have you had any of the following problems: 1. Any itching or irritation in vaginal area with discharge? YES 1 NO 2 2. A genital sore or ulcer? YES 1 NO 2 3. A bad odor along with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 4. Severe lower abdominal pain with a discharge, not related with menstruation? YES 1 NO 2 5. A fever along with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 6. Problem with pain or burning while urinating or more frequent or difficult urination? YES 1 NO 2 FOR CURRENTLY MARRIED: 7. Pain in abdomen or vagina during intercourse? YES 1 NO 2 8. Blood after having sex when you are not menstruating? YES 1 NO 2 9. Any other problem with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 STIABPAIN6MO indicates whether the respondent had any severe abdominal pain with discharge (not related to menstruation) in the last 6 months. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had vaginal bleeding after intercourse in last 6 months 721. Now I would like to ask you about some health symptoms you yourself may have. During the past 6 months, have you had any of the following problems: 1. Any itching or irritation in vaginal area with discharge? YES 1 NO 2 2. A genital sore or ulcer? YES 1 NO 2 3. A bad odor along with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 4. Severe lower abdominal pain with a discharge, not related with menstruation? YES 1 NO 2 5. A fever along with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 6. Problem with pain or burning while urinating or more frequent or difficult urination? YES 1 NO 2 FOR CURRENTLY MARRIED: 7. Pain in abdomen or vagina during intercourse? YES 1 NO 2 8. Blood after having sex when you are not menstruating? YES 1 NO 2 9. Any other problem with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 STIBLOODSEX6MO indicates whether the respondent had any vaginal bleeding after sexual intercourse (not related to menstruation) in the last 6 months. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had vaginal itching/irritation with discharge in last 6 months 721. Now I would like to ask you about some health symptoms you yourself may have. During the past 6 months, have you had any of the following problems: 1. Any itching or irritation in vaginal area with discharge? YES 1 NO 2 2. A genital sore or ulcer? YES 1 NO 2 3. A bad odor along with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 4. Severe lower abdominal pain with a discharge, not related with menstruation? YES 1 NO 2 5. A fever along with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 6. Problem with pain or burning while urinating or more frequent or difficult urination? YES 1 NO 2 FOR CURRENTLY MARRIED: 7. Pain in abdomen or vagina during intercourse? YES 1 NO 2 8. Blood after having sex when you are not menstruating? YES 1 NO 2 9. Any other problem with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 STIDISITCH6MO indicates whether the respondent had any vaginal irritation or itching with a discharge in the last 6 months. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had foul smelling discharge in last 6 months 721. Now I would like to ask you about some health symptoms you yourself may have. During the past 6 months, have you had any of the following problems: 1. Any itching or irritation in vaginal area with discharge? YES 1 NO 2 2. A genital sore or ulcer? YES 1 NO 2 3. A bad odor along with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 4. Severe lower abdominal pain with a discharge, not related with menstruation? YES 1 NO 2 5. A fever along with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 6. Problem with pain or burning while urinating or more frequent or difficult urination? YES 1 NO 2 FOR CURRENTLY MARRIED: 7. Pain in abdomen or vagina during intercourse? YES 1 NO 2 8. Blood after having sex when you are not menstruating? YES 1 NO 2 9. Any other problem with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 STIDISSMELL6MO indicates whether the respondent had any foul-smelling (genital) discharge in the last 6 months. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had fever with discharge in last 6 months 721. Now I would like to ask you about some health symptoms you yourself may have. During the past 6 months, have you had any of the following problems: 1. Any itching or irritation in vaginal area with discharge? YES 1 NO 2 2. A genital sore or ulcer? YES 1 NO 2 3. A bad odor along with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 4. Severe lower abdominal pain with a discharge, not related with menstruation? YES 1 NO 2 5. A fever along with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 6. Problem with pain or burning while urinating or more frequent or difficult urination? YES 1 NO 2 FOR CURRENTLY MARRIED: 7. Pain in abdomen or vagina during intercourse? YES 1 NO 2 8. Blood after having sex when you are not menstruating? YES 1 NO 2 9. Any other problem with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 STIFEVDISCH6MO indicates whether the respondent had a fever with (genital) discharge in the last 6 months. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had other discharge in last 6 months 721. Now I would like to ask you about some health symptoms you yourself may have. During the past 6 months, have you had any of the following problems: 1. Any itching or irritation in vaginal area with discharge? YES 1 NO 2 2. A genital sore or ulcer? YES 1 NO 2 3. A bad odor along with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 4. Severe lower abdominal pain with a discharge, not related with menstruation? YES 1 NO 2 5. A fever along with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 6. Problem with pain or burning while urinating or more frequent or difficult urination? YES 1 NO 2 FOR CURRENTLY MARRIED: 7. Pain in abdomen or vagina during intercourse? YES 1 NO 2 8. Blood after having sex when you are not menstruating? YES 1 NO 2 9. Any other problem with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 STIOTHDISCH6MO indicates whether the respondent had any other discharge problems in the last 6 months. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific categories included in a particular sample. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had abdominal/vaginal pain during intercourse in last 6 months 721. Now I would like to ask you about some health symptoms you yourself may have. During the past 6 months, have you had any of the following problems: 1. Any itching or irritation in vaginal area with discharge? YES 1 NO 2 2. A genital sore or ulcer? YES 1 NO 2 3. A bad odor along with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 4. Severe lower abdominal pain with a discharge, not related with menstruation? YES 1 NO 2 5. A fever along with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 6. Problem with pain or burning while urinating or more frequent or difficult urination? YES 1 NO 2 FOR CURRENTLY MARRIED: 7. Pain in abdomen or vagina during intercourse? YES 1 NO 2 8. Blood after having sex when you are not menstruating? YES 1 NO 2 9. Any other problem with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 STIPAINSEX6MO indicates whether the respondent had any abdominal or vaginal pain during sexual intercourse in the last 6 months. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had urination problem in last 6 months 721. Now I would like to ask you about some health symptoms you yourself may have. During the past 6 months, have you had any of the following problems: 1. Any itching or irritation in vaginal area with discharge? YES 1 NO 2 2. A genital sore or ulcer? YES 1 NO 2 3. A bad odor along with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 4. Severe lower abdominal pain with a discharge, not related with menstruation? YES 1 NO 2 5. A fever along with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 6. Problem with pain or burning while urinating or more frequent or difficult urination? YES 1 NO 2 FOR CURRENTLY MARRIED: 7. Pain in abdomen or vagina during intercourse? YES 1 NO 2 8. Blood after having sex when you are not menstruating? YES 1 NO 2 9. Any other problem with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 STIURIN6MO indicates whether the respondent had any problems with urination, including burning pain while urinating or more frequent or difficult urination, in the last 6 months. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in men: Abdominal pain 719. In a man, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that he has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A DISCHARGE FROM PENIS OR DRIPPING B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J IMPOTENCE K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIMABPAIN (V785A) indicates whether the woman reported "abdominal pain" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in men. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in men: Genital discharge or dripping 719. In a man, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that he has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A DISCHARGE FROM PENIS OR DRIPPING B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J IMPOTENCE K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIMDISCH (V785B) indicates whether the woman reported "genital discharge or dripping" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in men. 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in men: Foul smelling discharge 719. In a man, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that he has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A DISCHARGE FROM PENIS OR DRIPPING B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J IMPOTENCE K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIMDISSMELL (V785C) indicates whether the woman reported "foul smelling discharge" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in men. 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in men: Burning pain on urination 719. In a man, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that he has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A DISCHARGE FROM PENIS OR DRIPPING B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J IMPOTENCE K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIMBURNING (V785D) indicates whether the woman reported "burning pain on urination" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in men. 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in men: Redness, inflammation 719. In a man, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that he has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A DISCHARGE FROM PENIS OR DRIPPING B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J IMPOTENCE K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIMREDNESS (V785E) indicates whether the woman reported "redness/inflammation in the genital area" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in men. 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in men: Swelling in genital area 719. In a man, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that he has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A DISCHARGE FROM PENIS OR DRIPPING B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J IMPOTENCE K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIMSWELL (V785F) indicates whether the woman reported "swelling in the genital area" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in men. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in men: Genital sores or ulcers 719. In a man, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that he has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A DISCHARGE FROM PENIS OR DRIPPING B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J IMPOTENCE K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIMSORES (V785G) indicates whether the woman reported "genital sores or ulcers" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in men. 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in men: Genital warts 719. In a man, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that he has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A DISCHARGE FROM PENIS OR DRIPPING B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J IMPOTENCE K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIMWARTS (V785H) indicates whether the woman reported "genital warts" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in men. 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in men: Blood in urine 719. In a man, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that he has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A DISCHARGE FROM PENIS OR DRIPPING B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J IMPOTENCE K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIMURBLOOD (V785J) indicates whether the woman reported "blood in urine" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in men. 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in men: Weight loss 719. In a man, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that he has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A DISCHARGE FROM PENIS OR DRIPPING B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J IMPOTENCE K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIMWTLOSS (V785K) indicates whether the woman reported "genital warts" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in men. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in men: Impotence 719. In a man, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that he has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A DISCHARGE FROM PENIS OR DRIPPING B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J IMPOTENCE K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIMIMPOT (V785L) indicates whether the woman reported "impotence" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in men. 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in men: Other 719. In a man, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that he has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A DISCHARGE FROM PENIS OR DRIPPING B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J IMPOTENCE K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z ***** 719. In a man, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that he has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A DISCHARGE FROM PENIS OR DRIPPING B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J IMPOTENCE K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIMOTHER (V785X) indicates whether the woman indicated other possible symptoms of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in men. The meaning of "other" depends on the specific symptoms of STI identified in a given sample. 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in men: No symptoms 719. In a man, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that he has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A DISCHARGE FROM PENIS OR DRIPPING B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J IMPOTENCE K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIMNONE (V785Y) indicates whether the woman reported "no symptoms," or being asymptomatic, as a possible indicator of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in men. 0 No, "no symptoms" not mentioned 1 Yes, "no symptoms" mentioned 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in men: Don't know 719. In a man, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that he has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A DISCHARGE FROM PENIS OR DRIPPING B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J IMPOTENCE K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIMDK (V785Z) indicates whether the woman did not know any possible symptoms of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in men. 1 Yes, does not know symptoms 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No, knows symptoms STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in women: Abdominal pain 720. In a woman, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that she has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A GENITAL DISCHARGE B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J INABILITY TO GIVE BIRTH K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIWABPAIN (V786A) indicates whether the woman reported "abdominal pain" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in women. 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in women: Genital discharge 720. In a woman, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that she has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A GENITAL DISCHARGE B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J INABILITY TO GIVE BIRTH K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIWDISCH (V786B) indicates whether the woman reported "genital discharge or dripping" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in women. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in women: Foul smelling discharge 720. In a woman, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that she has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A GENITAL DISCHARGE B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J INABILITY TO GIVE BIRTH K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIWDISSMELL (V786C) indicates whether the woman reported "foul smelling discharge" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in women. 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in women: Burning on urination 720. In a woman, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that she has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A GENITAL DISCHARGE B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J INABILITY TO GIVE BIRTH K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIWBURNING (V786D) indicates whether the woman reported "burning pain on urination" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in women. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in women: Redness, inflammation 720. In a woman, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that she has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A GENITAL DISCHARGE B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J INABILITY TO GIVE BIRTH K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIWREDNESS (V786E) indicates whether the woman reported "redness/inflammation in the genital area" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in women. 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in women: Genital swelling 720. In a woman, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that she has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A GENITAL DISCHARGE B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J INABILITY TO GIVE BIRTH K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIWSWELL (V786F) indicates whether the woman reported "swelling in the genital area" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in women. 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in women: Genital sores or ulcers 720. In a woman, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that she has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A GENITAL DISCHARGE B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J INABILITY TO GIVE BIRTH K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIWSORES (V786G) indicates whether the woman reported "genital sores or ulcers" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in women. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in women: Genital warts 720. In a woman, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that she has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A GENITAL DISCHARGE B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J INABILITY TO GIVE BIRTH K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIWWARTS (V786H) indicates whether the woman reported "genital warts" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in women. 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in women: Blood in urine 720. In a woman, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that she has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A GENITAL DISCHARGE B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J INABILITY TO GIVE BIRTH K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIWURBLOOD (V786J) indicates whether the woman reported "blood in urine" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in women. 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in women: Weight loss 720. In a woman, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that she has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A GENITAL DISCHARGE B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J INABILITY TO GIVE BIRTH K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIWWTLOSS (V786K) indicates whether the woman reported "genital warts" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in women. 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in women: Difficulty getting pregnant 720. In a woman, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that she has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A GENITAL DISCHARGE B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J INABILITY TO GIVE BIRTH K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIWDIFFPREG (V786L) indicates whether the woman reported "inability to get pregnant or have a child" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in women. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in women: Other 720. In a woman, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that she has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A GENITAL DISCHARGE B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J INABILITY TO GIVE BIRTH K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z ***** 720. In a woman, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that she has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A GENITAL DISCHARGE B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J INABILITY TO GIVE BIRTH K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIWOTHER (V786X) indicates whether the woman indicated other possible symptoms of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in women. The meaning of "other" depends on the specific symptoms of STI identified in a given sample. 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in women: No symptoms 720. In a woman, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that she has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A GENITAL DISCHARGE B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J INABILITY TO GIVE BIRTH K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIWNONE (V786Y) indicates whether the woman reported "no symptoms," or being asymptomatic, as a possible indicator of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in women. 1 Yes, "no symptoms" mentioned 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No, "no symptoms" not mentioned STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in women: Don't know 720. In a woman, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that she has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A GENITAL DISCHARGE B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J INABILITY TO GIVE BIRTH K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIWDK (V786Z) indicates that the woman did not know any possible symptoms of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in men. 1 Yes, does not know symptom 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No, knows symptoms STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Last birth caesarean section 427. Was (NAME) delivered by caesarian section? YES 1 (GO TO 432) NO 2 (GO TO 432) For women who gave birth in the three to five years before the survey, DELCESRLAST (V401) indicates whether the last-born child was delivered by caesarean section. When children or births are the unit of analysis, this variable describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes allchildren of the mother to be coded the same way. Question wording varies slightly across samples. See Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Believes husband becomes concerned if wife has pregnancy complications 812A. Do you think, if a woman faces complication during pregnancy, does her husband become concerned? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 ANCOMPHUSCON indicates whether the respondent believes a husband becomes concerned when his wife faces pregnancy complications. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal pregnancy complications Variables -- TOPICS Knows of pregnancy complication: Vaginal bleeding SECTION 4A. PREGNANCY, POSTNATAL CARE AND BREASTFEEDING 401. Now we will talk about possible problems that women might face when she is going to have a child. Please tell me what are the complications during pregnancy, childbirth and after delivery that needs medical treatment. 401A. Have you ever heard or (PROBLEMS) 1. SEVERE HEADACHE OR BLURRY VISION OR SWOLLEN ARMS AND LEGS SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 2. VAGINAL BLEEDING DURING PREGNANCY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 3. LABOR FOR MORE THAN 18 HOURS SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 4. EXCESSIVE BLEEDING DURING OR AFTER DELIVERY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 5. CONVULSION SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 6. FEVER FOR MORE THAN 3 DAYS DURING PREGNANCY OR AFTER DELIVERY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 7. BAD SMELLING VAGINAL DISCHARGE SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 8. OTHERS (SPECIFY) SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 ANKNOWBLD indicates whether the respondent reported vaginal bleeding as a symptom during pregnancy that requires immediate care. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneous 12 Yes, probed 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal pregnancy complications Variables -- TOPICS Knows of pregnancy complication: Convulsions SECTION 4A. PREGNANCY, POSTNATAL CARE AND BREASTFEEDING 401. Now we will talk about possible problems that women might face when she is going to have a child. Please tell me what are the complications during pregnancy, childbirth and after delivery that needs medical treatment. 401A. Have you ever heard or (PROBLEMS) 1. SEVERE HEADACHE OR BLURRY VISION OR SWOLLEN ARMS AND LEGS SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 2. VAGINAL BLEEDING DURING PREGNANCY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 3. LABOR FOR MORE THAN 18 HOURS SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 4. EXCESSIVE BLEEDING DURING OR AFTER DELIVERY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 5. CONVULSION SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 6. FEVER FOR MORE THAN 3 DAYS DURING PREGNANCY OR AFTER DELIVERY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 7. BAD SMELLING VAGINAL DISCHARGE SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 8. OTHERS (SPECIFY) SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 ANKNOWCONV indicates whether the respondent reported convulsions as a symptom during pregnancy that requires immediate care. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneous 12 Yes, probed 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal pregnancy complications Variables -- TOPICS Knows of pregnancy complication: Excessive vaginal bleeding during/after labor SECTION 4A. PREGNANCY, POSTNATAL CARE AND BREASTFEEDING 401. Now we will talk about possible problems that women might face when she is going to have a child. Please tell me what are the complications during pregnancy, childbirth and after delivery that needs medical treatment. 401A. Have you ever heard or (PROBLEMS) 1. SEVERE HEADACHE OR BLURRY VISION OR SWOLLEN ARMS AND LEGS SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 2. VAGINAL BLEEDING DURING PREGNANCY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 3. LABOR FOR MORE THAN 18 HOURS SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 4. EXCESSIVE BLEEDING DURING OR AFTER DELIVERY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 5. CONVULSION SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 6. FEVER FOR MORE THAN 3 DAYS DURING PREGNANCY OR AFTER DELIVERY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 7. BAD SMELLING VAGINAL DISCHARGE SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 8. OTHERS (SPECIFY) SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 ANKNOWDELBLD indicates whether the respondent reported excessive vaginal bleeding during or after delivery as a symptom during pregnancy that requires immediate care. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneous 12 Yes, probed 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal pregnancy complications Variables -- TOPICS Knows of pregnancy complication: Bad-smelling vaginal discharge SECTION 4A. PREGNANCY, POSTNATAL CARE AND BREASTFEEDING 401. Now we will talk about possible problems that women might face when she is going to have a child. Please tell me what are the complications during pregnancy, childbirth and after delivery that needs medical treatment. 401A. Have you ever heard or (PROBLEMS) 1. SEVERE HEADACHE OR BLURRY VISION OR SWOLLEN ARMS AND LEGS SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 2. VAGINAL BLEEDING DURING PREGNANCY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 3. LABOR FOR MORE THAN 18 HOURS SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 4. EXCESSIVE BLEEDING DURING OR AFTER DELIVERY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 5. CONVULSION SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 6. FEVER FOR MORE THAN 3 DAYS DURING PREGNANCY OR AFTER DELIVERY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 7. BAD SMELLING VAGINAL DISCHARGE SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 8. OTHERS (SPECIFY) SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 ANKNOWDISCH indicates whether the respondent reported bad-smelling vaginal discharge as a symptom during pregnancy that requires immediate care. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneous 12 Yes, probed 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal pregnancy complications Variables -- TOPICS Knows of pregnancy complication: Fever SECTION 4A. PREGNANCY, POSTNATAL CARE AND BREASTFEEDING 401. Now we will talk about possible problems that women might face when she is going to have a child. Please tell me what are the complications during pregnancy, childbirth and after delivery that needs medical treatment. 401A. Have you ever heard or (PROBLEMS) 1. SEVERE HEADACHE OR BLURRY VISION OR SWOLLEN ARMS AND LEGS SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 2. VAGINAL BLEEDING DURING PREGNANCY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 3. LABOR FOR MORE THAN 18 HOURS SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 4. EXCESSIVE BLEEDING DURING OR AFTER DELIVERY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 5. CONVULSION SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 6. FEVER FOR MORE THAN 3 DAYS DURING PREGNANCY OR AFTER DELIVERY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 7. BAD SMELLING VAGINAL DISCHARGE SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 8. OTHERS (SPECIFY) SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 ANKNOWFEV indicates whether the respondent reported fever as a symptom during pregnancy that requires immediate care. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneous 12 Yes, probed 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal pregnancy complications Variables -- TOPICS Knows of pregnancy complication: Long labor SECTION 4A. PREGNANCY, POSTNATAL CARE AND BREASTFEEDING 401. Now we will talk about possible problems that women might face when she is going to have a child. Please tell me what are the complications during pregnancy, childbirth and after delivery that needs medical treatment. 401A. Have you ever heard or (PROBLEMS) 1. SEVERE HEADACHE OR BLURRY VISION OR SWOLLEN ARMS AND LEGS SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 2. VAGINAL BLEEDING DURING PREGNANCY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 3. LABOR FOR MORE THAN 18 HOURS SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 4. EXCESSIVE BLEEDING DURING OR AFTER DELIVERY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 5. CONVULSION SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 6. FEVER FOR MORE THAN 3 DAYS DURING PREGNANCY OR AFTER DELIVERY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 7. BAD SMELLING VAGINAL DISCHARGE SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 8. OTHERS (SPECIFY) SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 ANKNOWLONGLAB indicates whether the respondent reported long labor as a symptom during pregnancy that requires immediate care. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneous 12 Yes, probed 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal pregnancy complications Variables -- TOPICS Knows of pregnancy complication: Pre-eclampsia SECTION 4A. PREGNANCY, POSTNATAL CARE AND BREASTFEEDING 401. Now we will talk about possible problems that women might face when she is going to have a child. Please tell me what are the complications during pregnancy, childbirth and after delivery that needs medical treatment. 401A. Have you ever heard or (PROBLEMS) 1. SEVERE HEADACHE OR BLURRY VISION OR SWOLLEN ARMS AND LEGS SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 2. VAGINAL BLEEDING DURING PREGNANCY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 3. LABOR FOR MORE THAN 18 HOURS SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 4. EXCESSIVE BLEEDING DURING OR AFTER DELIVERY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 5. CONVULSION SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 6. FEVER FOR MORE THAN 3 DAYS DURING PREGNANCY OR AFTER DELIVERY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 7. BAD SMELLING VAGINAL DISCHARGE SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 8. OTHERS (SPECIFY) SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 ANKNOWPREECL indicates whether the respondent reported pre-eclampsia as a symptom during pregnancy that requires immediate care. According to the Mayo Clinic website, pre-eclampsia is a condition of pregnancy marked by the development of high blood pressure, high levels of protein in urine, vision problems, dizziness, headaches, and swelling of feet, legs, and hands. If untreated, pre-eclampsia can lead to eclampsia, a serious condition that puts mother and child at risk of death. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneous 12 Yes, probed 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal pregnancy complications Variables -- TOPICS Knows of pregnancy complication: Other SECTION 4A. PREGNANCY, POSTNATAL CARE AND BREASTFEEDING 401. Now we will talk about possible problems that women might face when she is going to have a child. Please tell me what are the complications during pregnancy, childbirth and after delivery that needs medical treatment. 401A. Have you ever heard or (PROBLEMS) 1. SEVERE HEADACHE OR BLURRY VISION OR SWOLLEN ARMS AND LEGS SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 2. VAGINAL BLEEDING DURING PREGNANCY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 3. LABOR FOR MORE THAN 18 HOURS SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 4. EXCESSIVE BLEEDING DURING OR AFTER DELIVERY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 5. CONVULSION SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 6. FEVER FOR MORE THAN 3 DAYS DURING PREGNANCY OR AFTER DELIVERY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 7. BAD SMELLING VAGINAL DISCHARGE SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 8. OTHERS (SPECIFY) SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 ANKNOWOTH indicates whether the respondent reported some other symptom during pregnancy that requires immediate care. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific categories included in a particular sample. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneous 12 Yes, probed 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal pregnancy complications Variables -- TOPICS Woman currently postpartum amenorrheic 433. Has your period returned since the birth of (NAME)? YES 1 (GO TO 435) NO 2 (GO TO 436) PPAMENNOW (V405) reports whether the woman is currently postpartum amenorrheic. This variable is created from the maternity history by checking if menstruation resumed after birth. Women who are currently pregnant (irrespective of whether the woman's period returned after her last birth) and women who did not have births in the last three to five years are automatically reported as not currently amenorrheic, and coded "No" (code 0). When children or births are the unit of analysis, this variable describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all children of the mother to be coded the same way. 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Woman currently postpartum abstaining 437. Have you resumed sexual relations since the birth of (NAME)? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 439) PPABSTAINNOW (V406) reports whether the woman is currently postpartum abstaining from sex. This variable is created from the maternity history by checking if the respondent has resumed sexual relations since her last birth. Women who did not have births in the last three to five years are automatically reported as not currently abstaining, and coded "No" (code 0). When children or births are the unit of analysis, this variable describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all children of the mother to be coded the same way. 0 No 1 Yes General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Number of children in maternity history MATERNITYIDX (V417) reports the number of entries in the pregnancy and postnatal care history for a female respondent. This number is typically equal to the number of births in the three (BIRTHSTOT3YR (V238)) or five (BIRTHSIN5YRS (V208) years before the survey. While there is, theoretically, no limit to the number of births recorded in BIRTHSTOT3YR and BIRTHSIN5YRS, MATERNITYIDX is actually limited to the number of columns that can be completed on the survey form. In most cases, MATERNITYIDX is capped at six. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Number of children in immunization/health history HEALTHIDX (V418) reports the number of entries (number of children) in the health or immunization history. This number is typically equal to the number of births in the three (BIRTHSTOT3YR (V238)) or five (BIRTHSIN5YRS (V208) years before the survey. While there is, theoretically, no limit to the number of births recorded in BIRTHSTOT3YR and BIRTHSIN5YRS, HEALTHIDX is actually limited to the number of columns that can be completed on the survey form. In most cases, HEALTHIDX is capped at six. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Number of children in height and weight table BIOIDX (V419) reports the number of entries (number of children) in the height and weight table. This number is typically equal to the number of births in the three (BIRTHSTOT3YR (V238)) or five (BIRTHSIN5YRS (V208) years before the survey. While there is, theoretically, no limit to the number of births recorded in BIRTHSTOT3YR and BIRTHSIN5YRS, BIOIDX is actually limited to the number of columns on the survey form that can be completed. In most cases, BIOIDX is capped at six. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Times mother breastfed last child during previous night 445. How many times did you breastfeed last night between sunset and sunrise? IF ANSWER IS NOT NUMERIC, PROBE FOR APPROXIMATE NUMBER. NUMBER OF NIGHTTIME FEEDINGS ___ For women who gave birth in the last three to five years and whose last-born child is still breastfeeding, BFEEDNITE (V407) reports how many times the mother breastfed that child the previous night between sunset and sunrise. When women are the unit of analysis, IPUMS-DHS users may also use BRSFEDNITE_01 (M35_01), which reports how many times the woman breastfed her last-born child the previous night. When children are the unit of analysis, BFEEDNITE describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all young children of the mother to be coded the same way. Thus, a response of a certain number of times in BFEEDNITE does not necessarily indicate that a particular child whose record is being analyzed was breastfed that many times during the previous night. IPUMS-DHS users should instead employ, when available, the variable BRSFEDNITE (M35) to determine how many times the specific child under analysis was breastfed during the previous night. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40+ 96 On demand 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Times mother breastfed last child during previous day 446. How many times did you breastfeed yesterday during the daylight hours? IF ANSWER IS NOT NUMERIC, PROBE FOR APPROXIMATE NUMBER. NUMBER OF DAYTIME FEEDINGS ____ For women who gave birth in the last three to five years and whose last-born child is still breastfeeding, BFEEDAY (V408) reports how many times the mother breastfed that child the previous day during daylight hours. When women are the unit of analysis, IPUMS-DHS users may also use BRSFEDAY_01 (M36_01), which reports how many times the woman breastfed her last-born child the previous day during daylight hours. When children are the unit of analysis, BFEEDAY describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all young children of the mother to be coded the same way. Thus, a response of a certain number of times in BFEEDAY does not necessarily indicate that a child whose record is being analyzed was personally breastfed that many times during the previous day. IPUMS-DHS users should instead employ, when available, the variable BRSFEDAY (M36) to determine how many times the specific child under analysis was breastfed during the previous day. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40+ 95 On demand, non-numeric response 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Mother fed last-born child from bottle with nipple in last day or night 447. Did (NAME) drink anything from a bottle with a nipple yesterday or last night? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years and whose last-born child is still alive, BOTTLE24H (V415) indicates whether the last-born child drank anything from a bottle with a nipple during the previous day and night. When women are the unit of analysis, IPUMS-DHS users may also use BRSFEDBOT_01 (M38_01), which also indicates whether the woman gave her last-born child anything from a bottle with a nipple during the previous day and night. When children are the unit of analysis, BOTTLE24H describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all young children of the mother to be coded the same way. If the mother reported that she fed her last-born child with a bottle with a nipple during the previous day or night, all of her children in the data are coded as "yes," including any children who have died or who live elsewhere. When children are the unit of analysis, a positive response in BOTTLE24H thus does not necessarily indicate that a particular child was actually fed with a bottle with a nipple during the previous day or night. IPUMS-DHS users should instead employ, when available, the variable BRSFEDBOT (M38) to determine whether the specific child in question actually drank anything from a bottle with a nipple during the previous day and night. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Woman currently breastfeeding any child 442. Are you still breastfeeding (NAME)? YES 1 (GO TO 445) NO 2 BFEEDANYNOW (V404) indicates whether the woman is currently breastfeeding. If no child was born in the last three to five years, the respondent is assumed to not be breastfeeding. When children or births are the unit of analysis, this variable describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all children of the mother to be coded the same way. This variable has some variation in how current breastfeeding is determined. See Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS When mother first put last-born child to breast 440. How long after birth did you first put (NAME) to the breast? IF LESS THAN 1 HOUR, RECORD "00" HOURS. IF LESS THAN 24 HOURS, RECORD HOURS. OTHERWISE, RECORD DAYS. IMMEDIATELY 000 HOURS 1 ___ DAYS 2 ___ For women who gave birth in the last three to five years and breastfed their last-born child, BFEEDST (V426) reports the length of time between the birth and when the woman first breastfed her last-born child. Following DHS convention, intervals reported in hours are coded with a "1" in the first digit, and intervals reported in days are coded with a "2" in the first digit. When women are the unit of analysis, IPUMS-DHS users may also use BRSFEDST_01 (M34_1), which also reports the length of time between the birth and when the woman first breastfed her child (for the last birth). When children are the unit of analysis, BFEEDST describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all young children of the mother to be coded the same way. Thus, a response of a certain number of hours or days in BFEEDST does not necessarily indicate that a particular child whose record is being analyzed was first breastfed after that amount of time. IPUMS-DHS users should instead employ, when available, the variable BRSFEDST (M34) to determine the length of time between the specific child's birth and when that child was first breastfed. 000 Immediately 100 Within first hour 101 1 hour 102 2 hours 103 3 hours 104 4 hours 105 5 hours 106 6 hours 107 7 hours 108 8 hours 109 9 hours 110 10 hours 111 11 hours 112 12 hours 113 13 hours 114 14 hours 115 15 hours 116 16 hours 117 17 hours 118 18 hours 119 19 hours 120 20 hours 121 21 hours 122 22 hours 123 23 hours 124 24 hours 125 25 hours 126 26 hours 127 27 hours 128 28 hours 129 29 hours 130 30 hours 131 31 hours 132 32 hours 133 33 hours 134 34 hours 135 35 hours 136 36 hours 137 37 hours 138 38 hours 139 39 hours 140 40 hours 141 41 hours 142 42 hours 143 43 hours 144 44 hours 145 45 hours 146 46 hours 147 47 hours 148 48 hours 149 49 hours 150 50 hours 151 51 hours 152 52 hours 153 53 hours 154 54 hours 155 55 hours 156 56 hours 157 57 hours 158 58 hours 159 59 hours 160 60 hours 161 61 hours 162 62 hours 163 63 hours 164 64 hours 165 65 hours 166 66 hours 167 67 hours 168 68 hours 169 69 hours 170 70 hours 171 71 hours 172 72 hours 173 73 hours 174 74 hours 175 75 hours 176 76 hours 177 77 hours 178 78 hours 179 79 hours 180 80 hours 181 81 hours 182 82 hours 183 83 hours 184 84 hours 185 85 hours 186 86 hours 187 87 hours 188 88 hours 189 89 hours 190 90 hours 199 Hours: Number missing 200 Within first day 201 1 day 202 2 days 203 3 days 204 4 days 205 5 days 206 6 days 207 7 days 208 8 days 209 9 days 210 10 days 211 11 days 212 12 days 213 13 days 214 14 days 215 15 days 216 16 days 217 17 days 218 18 days 219 19 days 220 20 days 221 21 days 222 22 days 223 23 days 224 24 days 225 25 days 226 26 days 227 27 days 228 28 days 229 29 days 230 30 days 231 31 days 232 32 days 233 33 days 234 34 days 235 35 days 236 36 days 237 37 days 238 38 days 239 39 days 240 40 days 241 41 days 242 42 days 243 43 days 244 44 days 245 45 days 246 46 days 247 47 days 248 48 days 249 49 days 250 50 days 251 51 days 252 52 days 253 53 days 254 54 days 255 55 days 256 56 days 257 57 days 258 58 days 259 59 days 260 60 days 261 61 days 262 62 days 263 63 days 264 64 days 265 65 days 266 66 days 267 67 days 268 68 days 269 69 days 270 70 days 271 71 days 272 72 days 273 73 days 274 74 days 275 75 days 276 76 days 277 77 days 278 78 days 279 79 days 280 80 days 281 81 days 282 82 days 283 83 days 284 84 days 285 85 days 286 86 days 287 87 days 288 88 days 289 89 days 290 90 days 299 Days: Number missing 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Weight of woman (kilos) 908. WEIGHT (IN KILOGRAMS) ___ WEIGHTFEM (V437) reports the woman's weight as measured by DHS personnel. There is one implied decimal place in the weight. Dividing WEIGHTFEM by 10 will yield the woman's measured weight in kilograms. 9994 Not present 9995 Refused 9996 Other 9997 Out of plausible range 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Height of woman in centimeters 906. HEIGHT (IN CENTIMETERS) ___ HEIGHTFEM (V438) reports the woman's height as measured by DHS personnel. HEIGHTFEM values are reported in millimeters, to preserve one centimeter decimal place without requiring the use of a decimal point. Dividing HEIGHTFEM by 10 will yield the woman's measured height in centimeters. 9994 Not present 9995 Refused 9996 Other 9997 Out of plausible range 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Height for age percentile for respondents to women's survey BIOFHTAPCT (V439) reports the respondent's height-for-age percentile, based on smoothed percentile growth charts by age and sex developed by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control. The reference standard contains data for children up to age 18. For all women age 18 and over, the value for 215 months (17 years, 11 months) is used, based on the assumption that women are fully grown by age18. HEIGHTFEM (V438) reports the respondent's length or height as measured by DHS personnel. 9995 Flagged cases 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Height for age standard deviations from the reference median (for respondents to female survey) BIOFHTASDRM (V440) reports the difference between the respondent's height and the median height of a reference population of the same age and sex, expressed in units equal to one standard deviation of the reference population's distribution. An anthropometry measure expressed in reference standard deviation units is also known as a Z-score. BIOFHTASDRM values are reported in units equal to 100 times the Z-score, to preserve two decimal places without requiring the use of a decimal point. Dividing BIOFHTASDRM by 100 will yield the height-for-age Z-score (HAZ) value. The reference standard contains data for children up to age 18. For all women age 18 and over, the value of 215 months (17 years, 11 months) is used, based on the assumption that women are fully grown by age 18. HEIGHTFEM (V438) reports the respondent's length or height, as measured by DHS personnel. The complementary DHS variable BIOFHTAPCT (V439) reports the respondent's height-for-age percentile within the same reference population used in BIOFHTASDRM. The complementary DHS variable BIOFHTAPCTRM (V441) reports the respondent's height-for-age as a percentage of the median of the same reference population. Unlike z-scores, percentiles do not allow comparison across age and sex and cannot assess longitudinal change in growth status. 9995 Flagged cases 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Height for Age percent of reference median for respondents to female survey BIOFHTAPCTRM (V441) reports the respondent's height-for-age as a percent of the median height for a reference population of the same age and sex. For this variable, the reference population was developed by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control. The reference standard contains data for children up to age 18. For all women age 18 and over, the value of 215 months (17 years, 11 months) is used, based on the assumption that women are fully grown by age 18. HEIGHTFEM (V438) reports the respondent's length or height as measured by DHS personnel. The related variable BIOFHTAPCT (V439) reports the respondent's height-for-age percentile relative to smoothed percentile growth charts by age and sex, for the same reference population. 99995 Flagged cases 99998 Missing 99999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Weight for height percent of reference median (DHS) (respondents to women's survey) BIOFWTHTRMDHS (V442) reports the respondent's weight-for-height as a percent of the median weight for a reference population of the same height. For this variable, the reference population was developed by the DHS Program. This index has been adjusted for pregnant women according to duration of pregnancy. The following variables report the respondent's weight for height as a percent of the median weight for different reference populations: BIOFWTHTRMFOG (V443) uses Metropolitan Life or Fogarty reference standards BIOFWTHTRMWHO (V444) uses WHO reference standards 99995 Flagged cases 99998 Missing 99999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Weight for height percent of reference median (MetLife or Fogarty) (respondents to women's survey) BIOFWTHTRMFOG (V443) reports the respondent's weight-for-height as a percent of the median weight for a reference population of the same height. This variable uses the Metropolitan Life or Fogarty reference standard. This index has been adjusted for pregnant women according to duration of pregnancy. The following variables report the respondent's weight for height as a percent of the median weight for different reference populations: BIOFWTHTRMDHS (V442) uses a DHS reference standard BIOFWTHTRMWHO (V444) uses the WHO reference standard 99995 Flagged cases 99998 Missing 99999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Weight for height percent of reference median (WHO) (respondents to women's survey) BIOFWTHTRMWHO (V444) reports the respondent's weight-for-height as a percent of the median weight for a reference population of the same height. This variable uses the World Health Organization (WHO) reference standard. This index has been adjusted for pregnant women according to duration of pregnancy. The following variables report the respondent's weight for height as a percent of the median weight for different reference populations: BIOFWTHTRMDHS (V442) uses a DHS reference standard BIOFWTHTRMFOG (V444) uses the Metropolitan Life or Fogarty reference standard 99995 Flagged cases 99998 Missing 99999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Weight for height standard deviations from the reference median (DHS) (respondents to female survey) BIOFWTHTSDRM (V444A) reports the difference between the respondent's weight and the median weight of a reference population of the same height and sex, expressed in units equal to one standard deviation of the reference population's distribution. This variable uses a DHS reference standard. An anthropometry measure expressed in reference standard deviation units is also known as a Z-score. BIOFWTHTSDRM values are reported in units equal to 100 times the Z-score, to preserve two decimal places without requiring the use of a decimal point. Dividing BIOFWTHTSDRM by 100 will yield the height-for-age Z-score (HAZ) value. The complementary DHS variable BIOFWTHTPCTDHS (V442) reports weight-for-height percentiles within the same reference population. Unlike z-scores, percentiles do not allow comparison across age and sex and cannot assess longitudinal change in growth status; users are advised to consult anthropometry literature for further discussion. 9995 Flagged cases 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Body Mass Index (BMI) for respondents to the women's survey BIOFBMI (V445) reports the female respondent's body mass index (BMI). BMI is an anthropometric measure relating weight to height, equal to body weight (kilograms) divided by height (meters) squared (W/(H^2)). Also known as the Quetelet Index, BMI is a measure of acute nutritional status, based on the Fogarty Metropolitan Life tables of ideal weight for height. The DHS Guide to Statistics offers the following guidelines for interpreting BMI scores for women age 15-49: Severely thin: less than 16.0 Moderately thin: 16.0 to 16.9 Mildly thin: 17.0 to 18.4 Normal: 18.5 to 24.9 Overweight: 25.0 to 29.9 Obese: 30.0 or more The original height and weight values used to calculate BMI are also included in IPUMS-DHS. WEIGHTFEM (V437) reports the respondent's weight in kilograms, as measured by DHS personnel; HEIGHTFEM (V438) reports the person's length or height in centimeters, as measured by DHS personnel. For an alternate measure of female nutrition, IPUMS-DHS users may also be interested in BIOFROHRER (V446), which reports the respondent's Rohrer's Index. This measure is equal to body weight (kilograms) divided by height (meters) cubed (W/(H^3)). 9995 Flagged cases 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Rohrer's index (mass/height cubed) (for respondents to female survey) BIOFROHRER (V446) reports the respondent's Rohrer's Index. Rohrer's Index is an anthropometric measure relating weight to height, equal to body weight (kilograms) divided by height (meters) cubed (W/(H^3)). Rohrer's Index is a measure of acute nutritional status, and may be used as an alternative to Body Mass Index. The original height and weight values used to calculate Rohrer's Index are also included in IPUMS-DHS. WEIGHTFEM (V437) reports the respondent's weight in kilograms as measured by DHS personnel; HEIGHTFEM (V438) reports their length or height in centimeters as measured by DHS personnel. For an alternate measure of female nutrition, IPUMS-DHS users may also be interested in BIOFBMI (V445), which reports the respondent's Body Mass Index (BMI), which is equal to body weight (kilograms) divided by height (meters) squared (W/(H^2)). 9995 Flagged cases 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Result of measurement of the respondent 910. RESULT RESPONDENT: MEASURED 1 NOT PRESENT 3 REFUSED 4 OTHER (SPECIFY) 6 CHILD(REN): MEASURED 1 CHILD SICK 2 CHILD NOT PRESENT 3 CHILD REFUSED 4 MOTHER REFUSED 5 OTHER (SPECIFY) 6 BIOFWHYNOTMEAS (V447) indicates whether the respondent was measured for height and weight, or, if not, why she was not measured. All "Not measured" responses have a common first digit of "1," while the second digit reveals the reason (e.g., sick, not present, refused). 00 Measured 10 Not measured 11 Sick 12 Not present 13 Refused 14 Incapacitated 15 Technical problems 19 Other 20 No measurement found in household 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Ever heard of or saw the Green Umbrella logo 617. Have you ever seen or heard of the Green Umbrella logo? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 619) DON'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 619) GRENBROLLY indicates whether the respondent had heard of or seen the Green Umbrella logo. This is a country-specific variable for Bangladesh. In 1996, the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare Department of Bangladesh initiated the Green Umbrella campaign, with the slogan "for health and family planning, go to the place where you see the green umbrella [logo]." This campaign supporting use of public integrated health services also incorporated publicity through a television drama. Survey questions about the Green Umbrella logo were designed to evaluate the effectiveness of the outreach campaign, in terms of raising awareness of the logo and its meaning. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing General healthcare Variables -- TOPICS Thinks Green Umbrella logo means: Health service-related 618. What does the Green Umbrella logo mean to you? CIRCLE ALL MENTIONED. FAMILY PLANNING RELATED A NOT FAMILY PLANNING RELATED B HEALTH SERVICE RELATED C DON'T KNOW OR UNSURE D GRENBROLLYHSERV indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported associating health services with the Bangladesh Green Umbrella logo. The Green Umbrella publicity campaign encouraged use of public integrated health services, including family planning, in facilities marked by that logo. For more information on the Green Umbrella campaign, see GRENBROLLYHR. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General healthcare Variables -- TOPICS Thinks Green Umbrella logo means: Family planning 618. What does the Green Umbrella logo mean to you? CIRCLE ALL MENTIONED. FAMILY PLANNING RELATED A NOT FAMILY PLANNING RELATED B HEALTH SERVICE RELATED C DON'T KNOW OR UNSURE D GRENBROLLYFP indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent associated family planning with the Bangladesh Green Umbrella logo. The Green Umbrella publicity campaign encouraged use of public integrated health services, including family planning, in facilities marked by that logo. For more information on the Green Umbrella campaign, see GRENBROLLYHR. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General healthcare Variables -- TOPICS Thinks Green Umbrella logo means: Not family planning 618. What does the Green Umbrella logo mean to you? CIRCLE ALL MENTIONED. FAMILY PLANNING RELATED A NOT FAMILY PLANNING RELATED B HEALTH SERVICE RELATED C DON'T KNOW OR UNSURE D GRENBROLLYNOTFP indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent did not associate family planning with the Bangladesh Green Umbrella logo. The Green Umbrella publicity campaign encouraged use of public integrated health services, including family planning, in facilities marked by that logo. For more information on the Green Umbrella campaign, see GRENBROLLYHR. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General healthcare Variables -- TOPICS Thinks Green Umbrella logo means: Don't know 618. What does the Green Umbrella logo mean to you? CIRCLE ALL MENTIONED. FAMILY PLANNING RELATED A NOT FAMILY PLANNING RELATED B HEALTH SERVICE RELATED C DON'T KNOW OR UNSURE D GRENBROLLYDK indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported not knowing the meaning of the Bangladesh Green Umbrella logo, despite having seen or heard of this symbol. The Green Umbrella publicity campaign encouraged use of public integrated health services, including family planning, in facilities marked by that logo. For more information on the Green Umbrella campaign, see GRENBROLLYHR. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General healthcare Variables -- TOPICS Barrier to woman's health care: Don't know where to go 480B. Many different factors can prevent women getting medical attention during the pregnancy and child birth. Sometimes women might have life threatening or serious situation during the pregnancy and childbirth. When you need medical advice or treatment for such situation, is each of the following a problem or no problem for you? Knowing where to go. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Not having a health facility nearby. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Going to health center. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Lack of confidence on source or services. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting permission to go. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting money needed for treatment. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting someone to accompany. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 BHCDKPLACE (V467A) indicates whether the woman reported not "knowing where to go" as a barrier to getting medical care for herself. 10 Not a big problem 11 No problem at all 12 Small problem 20 Is big problem 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Access to care Variables -- TOPICS Barrier to woman's health care: Getting permission 480B. Many different factors can prevent women getting medical attention during the pregnancy and child birth. Sometimes women might have life threatening or serious situation during the pregnancy and childbirth. When you need medical advice or treatment for such situation, is each of the following a problem or no problem for you? Knowing where to go. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Not having a health facility nearby. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Going to health center. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Lack of confidence on source or services. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting permission to go. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting money needed for treatment. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting someone to accompany. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 BHCPERMIT (V467B) indicates whether the woman reported "obtaining permission to go to the doctor/seek treatment" as a barrier to getting medical care for herself. 10 Not a big problem 11 No problem at all 12 Small problem 20 Is big problem 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Access to care Variables -- TOPICS Barrier to woman's health care: Lack money for treatment 480B. Many different factors can prevent women getting medical attention during the pregnancy and child birth. Sometimes women might have life threatening or serious situation during the pregnancy and childbirth. When you need medical advice or treatment for such situation, is each of the following a problem or no problem for you? Knowing where to go. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Not having a health facility nearby. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Going to health center. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Lack of confidence on source or services. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting permission to go. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting money needed for treatment. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting someone to accompany. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 BHCMONEY (V467C) indicates whether the woman reported "getting money needed for treatment" as a barrier to getting medical care for herself. 10 Not a big problem 11 No problem at all 12 Small problem only 20 Is big problem 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Access to care Variables -- TOPICS Barrier to woman's health care: Distance to facility 480B. Many different factors can prevent women getting medical attention during the pregnancy and child birth. Sometimes women might have life threatening or serious situation during the pregnancy and childbirth. When you need medical advice or treatment for such situation, is each of the following a problem or no problem for you? Knowing where to go. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Not having a health facility nearby. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Going to health center. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Lack of confidence on source or services. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting permission to go. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting money needed for treatment. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting someone to accompany. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 BHCDISTANCE (V467D) indicates whether the woman reported "the distance to the health facility" as a barrier to getting medical care for herself. 10 Not a big problem 11 No problem at all 12 Small problem 20 Is big problem 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Access to care Variables -- TOPICS Barrier to woman's health care: Having to take transport 480B. Many different factors can prevent women getting medical attention during the pregnancy and child birth. Sometimes women might have life threatening or serious situation during the pregnancy and childbirth. When you need medical advice or treatment for such situation, is each of the following a problem or no problem for you? Knowing where to go. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Not having a health facility nearby. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Going to health center. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Lack of confidence on source or services. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting permission to go. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting money needed for treatment. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting someone to accompany. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 BHCTAKETRAN (V467E) indicates whether the woman reported "having to take transportation" as a barrier to getting medical care for herself. 10 Not a big problem 11 No problem at all 12 Small problem 20 Is big problem 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Access to care Variables -- TOPICS Barrier to woman's health care: Not want to go alone 480B. Many different factors can prevent women getting medical attention during the pregnancy and child birth. Sometimes women might have life threatening or serious situation during the pregnancy and childbirth. When you need medical advice or treatment for such situation, is each of the following a problem or no problem for you? Knowing where to go. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Not having a health facility nearby. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Going to health center. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Lack of confidence on source or services. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting permission to go. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting money needed for treatment. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting someone to accompany. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 BHCALONE (V467F) indicates whether the woman reported "not wanting to go alone" as a barrier to getting medical care for herself. 10 Not a big problem 11 No problem at all 12 Small problem only 20 Is big problem 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Access to care Variables -- TOPICS Barrier to woman's health care: Attitude of health workers 480B. Many different factors can prevent women getting medical attention during the pregnancy and child birth. Sometimes women might have life threatening or serious situation during the pregnancy and childbirth. When you need medical advice or treatment for such situation, is each of the following a problem or no problem for you? Knowing where to go. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Not having a health facility nearby. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Going to health center. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Lack of confidence on source or services. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting permission to go. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting money needed for treatment. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting someone to accompany. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 BHCATTHW indicates whether the woman reported "attitude of health workers" as a barrier to getting medical care for herself. 10 Not a big problem 11 No problem at all 12 Small problem 20 Is a big problem 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Access to care Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 KIDSEX (B4) reports the sex of the child. 1 Male 2 Female Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 220) KIDALIVE (B5) reports whether the child was alive or dead at the time of interview. 0 No 1 Yes Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ KIDBIRTHMO (B1) reports the child's month of birth, according to the Gregorian calendar. 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ KIDBIRTHYR (B2) reports the child's year of birth, according to the Gregorian calendar. 1948 1948 1949 1949 1950 1950 1951 1951 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 2017 2017 2018 2018 Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth KIDAGEINFO (B10) reports the completeness of information about the child's age and date of birth. 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 98 Missing Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years 217. IF ALIVE: How old was (NAME) at his or her last birthday? RECORD AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS. AGE IN YEARS ___ KIDCURAGE (B8) reports the current age of the child, in years, at the time of the survey. 00 Less than 1 year 01 1 year 02 2 years 03 3 years 04 4 years 05 5 years 06 6 years 07 7 years 08 8 years 09 9 years 10 10 years 11 11 years 12 12 years 13 13 years 14 14 years 15 15 years 16 16 years 17 17 years 18 18 years 19 19 years 20 20 years 21 21 years 22 22 years 23 23 years 24 24 years 25 25 years 26 26 years 27 27 years 28 28 years 29 29 years 30 30 years 31 31 years 32 32 years 33 33 years 34 34 years 35 35 years 36 36 years 37 37 years 38 38 years 39 39 years 40 40 years 41 41 years 42 42 years 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ KIDDOBCMC (B3) reports the century month code for the date of birth of the child. KIDDOBCMC (B3) is a 4-digit variable. Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number 212. What name was given to your (first/next) baby? NAME ___ KIDBORD (BORD) reports the birth order in which the child was born, from 1 to n, where 1 = the first child born to a mother, and the nth birth is the most recently born child. Up to 20 births could be reported by a woman. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Child is twin or single birth 213. Were any of these births twins? SINGLE 1 MULTIPLE 2 KIDTWIN (B0) reports whether the child is a twin (or born in a multiple birth) or is a single birth. 10 Single birth/not a twin 20 Twin or multiple 21 1st of multiple births 22 2nd of multiple births 23 3rd of multiple births 24 4th of multiple births 25 5th of multiple births 26 6th of multiple births Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Child age at death (non-imputed) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ For deceased children, KIDAGEDEATH (B6) reports the age of the child at death in days, months or years. The first digit of the codes indicates the time unit: 1 for days, 2 for months, 3 for years. 100 Days: Died on day of birth 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 131 31 days 132 32 days 133 33 days 134 34 days 135 35 days 136 36 days 137 37 days 138 38 days 139 39 days 140 40 days 141 41 days 142 42 days 143 43 days 144 44 days 145 45 days 198 Days, unknown 199 Days old, number missing 200 Months old: Month of birth 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 224 24 months 225 25 months 226 26 months 227 27 months 228 28 months 229 29 months 230 30 months 231 31 months 232 32 months 233 33 months 234 34 months 235 35 months 236 36 months 237 37 months 238 38 months 239 39 months 240 40 months 241 41 months 242 42 months 243 43 months 244 44 months 245 45 months 246 46 months 247 47 months 248 48 months 249 49 months 250 50 months 251 51 months 252 52 months 253 53 months 254 54 months 255 55 months 256 56 months 257 57 months 258 58 months 259 59 months 260 60 months 261 61 months 262 62 months 263 63 months 264 64 months 265 65 months 266 66 months 297 Months, inconsistent 298 Months, unknown 299 Months old, number missing 300 Years 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 331 31 years 332 32 years 333 33 years 334 34 years 335 35 years 336 36 years 337 37 years 338 38 years 339 39 years 340 40 years 397 Years old, number inconsistent 398 Years old, number unknown 399 Years old, number missing 997 Inconsistent 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in month (including imputed) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ For deceased children, KIDAGEDIEDIMP (B7) reports the age of the child at death in months (including imputed ages). 999 NIU (not in universe) Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ KIDAGEDEATHFLAG (B13) reports the type of problem, if any, found when editing responses about the child's age at death (in KIDAGEDEATH). A code of 0 indicates no problem with the original response. 0 No flag 1 Reported age places death after interview 2 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 3 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 4 Reported age less than age first breastfed 5 Reported age before last vaccination 6 Reported age outside expected range for units 7 Reported age was imputed, units given 8 Reported age was imputed, units not given 9 NIU (not in universe) Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or with others 218. IF ALIVE: Is (NAME) living with you? YES 1 NO 2 KIDLIVESWITH (B9) reports the person the child usually lives with (i.e., the child's mother or someone else). 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceding birth interval, in months 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey who are not the first-born, or the twin of the first-born, child, BIRTHINTPREMO (B11) indicates the preceding birth interval, or the length of time in months the child was born after the mother's previous birth (i.e., after the child's first older sibling). 005 5 004 4 003 3 002 2 001 1 000 0 998 Missing 006 6 007 7 008 8 009 9 010 10 011 11 012 12 013 13 014 14 015 15 016 16 017 17 018 18 019 19 020 20 021 21 022 22 023 23 024 24 025 25 026 26 027 27 028 28 029 29 030 30 031 31 032 32 033 33 034 34 035 35 036 36 037 37 038 38 039 39 040 40 041 41 042 42 043 43 044 44 045 45 046 46 047 47 048 48 049 49 050 50 051 51 052 52 053 53 054 54 055 55 056 56 057 57 058 58 059 59 060 60 061 61 062 62 063 63 064 64 065 65 066 66 067 67 068 68 069 69 070 70 071 71 072 72 073 73 074 74 075 75 076 76 077 77 078 78 079 79 080 80 081 81 082 82 083 83 084 84 085 85 086 86 087 87 088 88 089 89 090 90 091 91 092 92 093 93 094 94 095 95 096 96 097 97 098 98 099 99 100 100 101 101 102 102 103 103 104 104 105 105 106 106 107 107 108 108 109 109 110 110 111 111 112 112 113 113 114 114 115 115 116 116 117 117 118 118 119 119 120 120 121 121 122 122 123 123 124 124 125 125 126 126 127 127 128 128 129 129 130 130 131 131 132 132 133 133 134 134 135 135 136 136 137 137 138 138 139 139 140 140 141 141 142 142 143 143 144 144 145 145 146 146 147 147 148 148 149 149 150 150 151 151 152 152 153 153 154 154 155 155 156 156 157 157 158 158 159 159 160 160 161 161 162 162 163 163 164 164 165 165 166 166 167 167 168 168 169 169 170 170 171 171 172 172 173 173 174 174 175 175 176 176 177 177 178 178 179 179 180 180 181 181 182 182 183 183 184 184 185 185 186 186 187 187 188 188 189 189 190 190 191 191 192 192 193 193 194 194 195 195 196 196 197 197 198 198 199 199 200 200 201 201 202 202 203 203 204 204 205 205 206 206 207 207 208 208 209 209 210 210 211 211 212 212 213 213 214 214 215 215 216 216 217 217 218 218 219 219 220 220 221 221 222 222 223 223 224 224 225 225 226 226 227 227 228 228 229 229 230 230 231 231 232 232 233 233 234 234 235 235 236 236 237 237 238 238 239 239 240 240 241 241 242 242 243 243 244 244 245 245 246 246 247 247 248 248 249 249 250 250 251 251 252 252 253 253 254 254 255 255 256 256 257 257 258 258 259 259 260 260 261 261 262 262 263 263 264 264 265 265 266 266 267 267 268 268 269 269 270 270 271 271 272 272 273 273 274 274 275 275 276 276 277 277 278 278 279 279 280 280 281 281 282 282 283 283 284 284 285 285 286 286 287 287 288 288 289 289 290 290 291 291 292 292 293 293 294 294 295 295 296 296 297 297 298 298 299 299 300 300 301 301 302 302 303 303 304 304 305 305 306 306 307 307 308 308 309 309 310 310 311 311 312 312 313 313 314 314 315 315 316 316 317 317 318 318 319 319 320 320 321 321 322 322 323 323 324 324 325 325 326 326 327 327 328 328 329 329 330 330 331 331 332 332 333 333 334 334 335 335 336 336 337 337 338 338 339 339 340 340 341 341 342 342 343 343 344 344 345 345 346 346 347 347 348 348 349 349 350 350 351 351 352 352 353 353 354 354 355 355 356 356 357 357 358 358 359 359 360 360 361 361 362 362 363 363 364 364 365 365 999 NIU (not in universe) Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey who are not the last-born, or twin of the last-born, child, BIRTHINTPOSTMO (B12) indicates the succeeding birth interval, or the length of time in months the child was born before the mother's next birth (or before the child's first younger sibling). 999 NIU (not in universe) Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Any other live births in interval between birth and previous reported birth 221. Were there any other live births between (NAME OF PREVIOUS BIRTH) and (NAME)? (IF MORE THAN ONE BIRTH) YES 1 NO 2 OTHBIRTHININT (B15) indicates whether there were any other live births in the interval between this birth and the previously reported birth. The survey form included the question, "Were there any other live births between (NAME OF PREVIOUS BIRTH) and (NAME), including any children who died?" For DHS Phase III only, OTHBIRTHININT (B15) is limited to "Births for which the interval between the birth and the previously reported birth was four or more years (B14 =1)," according to the Recode Manuals. For later Phases, the universe is all second- and higher-order births. The DHS Recode Manuals include the following explanatory note about this variable: Variables B14 and B15 are questions used in the interview to try and ascertain if the respondent had omitted any live births while reporting her birth history. The birth history may have been modified during the interviewing process, and the responses may not now correspond to the interval between the birth and the preceding birth recorded in this section. The data have been included to help indicate cases where the respondent may have omitted live births while originally reporting the birth history. The omitted births should be included in this final version of the birth history. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Don't know 9 NIU (not in universe) Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Soil type SOIL reports the predominant soil type within a 5-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The soil attributes reported in SOIL are: soil class (e.g., Leptosols), with 30 class categories, and soil type within that class (e.g., Lithic Leptosols). SOIL is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. SOIL is based on data from SoilGrids [URL omitted from DDI.]. SoilGrids is a system for automated soil mapping based on global soil profile and covariate data. There are 118 different soil types in the world according to SoilGrids [URL omitted from DDI.]. For the full list of codes and their meaning, see the soil legend [URL omitted from DDI.]. SOIL, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -998 Missing 0001 Haplic Acrisols 0002 Haplic Acrisols (Alumic) 0003 Haplic Acrisols (Ferric) 0004 Haplic Acrisols (Humic) 0005 Plinthic Acrisols 0006 Vetic Acrisols 0007 Haplic Albeluvisols 0008 Histic Albeluvisols 0009 Umbric Albeluvisols 0010 Cutanic Alisols 0011 Haplic Alisols 0012 Aluandic Andosols 0013 Haplic Andosols 0014 Vitric Andosols 0015 Albic Arenosols 0016 Ferralic Arenosols 0017 Haplic Arenosols 0018 Haplic Arenosols (Calcaric) 0019 Hypoluvic Arenosols 0020 Protic Arenosols 0021 Haplic Calcisols 0022 Haplic Calcisols (Sodic) 0023 Luvic Calcisols 0024 Petric Calcisols 0025 Endogleyic Cambisols 0026 Ferralic Cambisols 0027 Haplic Cambisols 0028 Haplic Cambisols (Calcaric) 0029 Haplic Cambisols (Chromic) 0030 Haplic Cambisols (Dystric) 0031 Haplic Cambisols (Eutric) 0032 Haplic Cambisols (Humic) 0033 Haplic Cambisols (Sodic) 0034 Leptic Cambisols 0035 Vertic Cambisols 0036 Calcic Chernozems 0037 Haplic Chernozems 0038 Luvic Chernozems 0039 Haplic Cryosols 0040 Turbic Cryosols 0041 Vitric Cryosols 0042 Petric Durisols 0043 Acric Ferralsols 0044 Haplic Ferralsols 0045 Haplic Ferralsols (Rhodic) 0046 Haplic Ferralsols (Xanthic) 0047 Umbric Ferralsols 0048 Haplic Fluvisols 0049 Haplic Fluvisols (Arenic) 0050 Haplic Fluvisols (Calcaric) 0051 Haplic Fluvisols (Dystric) 0052 Haplic Fluvisols (Eutric) 0053 Calcic Gleysols 0054 Haplic Gleysols 0055 Haplic Gleysols (Dystric) 0056 Haplic Gleysols (Eutric) 0057 Mollic Gleysols 0058 Umbric Gleysols 0059 Calcic Gypsisols 0060 Haplic Gypsisols 0061 Calcic Histosols 0062 Cryic Histosols 0063 Fibric Histosols 0064 Hemic Histosols 0065 Sapric Histosols 0066 Calcic Kastanozems 0067 Haplic Kastanozems 0068 Haplic Leptosols 0069 Haplic Leptosols (Eutric) 0070 Lithic Leptosols 0071 Mollic Leptosols 0072 Rendzic Leptosols 0073 Haplic Lixisols 0074 Haplic Lixisols (Chromic) 0075 Haplic Lixisols (Ferric) 0076 Albic Luvisols 0077 Calcic Luvisols 0078 Gleyic Luvisols 0079 Haplic Luvisols 0080 Haplic Luvisols (Chromic) 0081 Haplic Luvisols (Ferric) 0082 Leptic Luvisols 0083 Stagnic Luvisols 0084 Vertic Luvisols 0085 Alic Nitisols 0086 Haplic Nitisols (Rhodic) 0087 Haplic Phaeozems 0088 Leptic Phaeozems 0089 Luvic Phaeozems 0090 Endogleyic Planosols 0091 Haplic Planosols (Dystric) 0092 Haplic Planosols (Eutric) 0093 Luvic Planosols 0094 Solodic Planosols 0095 Acric Plinthosols 0096 Lixic Plinthosols 0097 Gleyic Podzols 0098 Haplic Podzols 0099 Aric Regosols 0100 Calcaric Regosols 0101 Haplic Regosols (Dystric) 0102 Haplic Regosols (Eutric) 0103 Haplic Regosols (Sodic) 0104 Leptic Regosols 0105 Gypsic Solonchaks 0106 Haplic Solonchaks 0107 Haplic Solonchaks (Sodic) 0108 Calcic Solonetz 0109 Gleyic Solonetz 0110 Haplic Solonetz 0111 Mollic Solonetz 0112 Luvic Stagnosols 0113 Haplic Umbrisols 0114 Leptic Umbrisols 0115 Calcic Vertisols 0116 Haplic Vertisols 0117 Haplic Vertisols (Eutric) 0118 Mollic Vertisols Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Ecoregion of household ECOREGION reports the predominant terrestrial ecoregion within a 5-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. ECOREGION reports the biogeographic region (e.g., Afrotropic), the habitat type (e.g., tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands), and the ecoregion (e.g., East Sudanian savanna) that are associated with each cluster location. ECOREGION is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. There are 825 terrestrial ecoregions in the world. Ecoregions are relatively large units of land containing distinct assemblages of natural communities and species, with boundaries that approximate the original extent of natural communities prior to major land-use change. The 5-digit codes in ECOREGION (e.g., 30129) include a 1-digit realm code (with 8 possible values), followed by a 2-digit biome code (with 14 possible values), and then a 2-digit ecoregion number. For the full list of codes and their meaning, see the ecoregion legend [URL omitted from DDI.]. ECOREGION, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -0998 Missing 10101 Admiralty Islands lowland rain forests 10102 Banda Sea Islands moist deciduous forests 10103 Biak-Numfoor rain forests 10104 Buru rain forests 10105 Central Range montane rain forests 10106 Halmahera rain forests 10107 Huon Peninsula montane rain forests 10108 Yapen rain forests 10109 Lord Howe Island subtropical forests 10110 Louisiade Archipelago rain forests 10111 New Britain-New Ireland lowland rain forests 10112 New Britain-New Ireland montane rain forests 10113 New Caledonia rain forests 10114 Norfolk Island subtropical forests 10115 Northern New Guinea lowland rain and freshwater swamp forests 10116 Northern New Guinea montane rain forests 10117 Queensland tropical rain forests 10118 Seram rain forests 10119 Solomon Islands rain forests 10120 Southeastern Papuan rain forests 10121 Southern New Guinea freshwater swamp forests 10122 Southern New Guinea lowland rain forests 10123 Sulawesi lowland rain forests 10124 Sulawesi montane rain forests 10125 Trobriand Islands rain forests 10126 Vanuatu rain forests 10127 Vogelkop montane rain forests 10128 Vogelkop-Aru lowland rain forests 10201 Lesser Sundas deciduous forests 10202 New Caledonia dry forests 10203 Sumba deciduous forests 10204 Timor and Wetar deciduous forests 10401 Chatham Island temperate forests 10402 Eastern Australian temperate forests 10403 Fiordland temperate forests 10404 Nelson Coast temperate forests 10405 North Island temperate forests 10406 Northland temperate kauri forests 10407 Rakiura Island temperate forests 10408 Richmond temperate forests 10409 Southeast Australia temperate forests 10410 South Island temperate forests 10411 Tasmanian Central Highland forests 10412 Tasmanian temperate forests 10413 Tasmanian temperate rain forests 10414 Westland temperate forests 10701 Arnhem Land tropical savanna 10702 Brigalow tropical savanna 10703 Cape York Peninsula tropical savanna 10704 Carpentaria tropical savanna 10705 Einasleigh upland savanna 10706 Kimberly tropical savanna 10707 Mitchell grass downs 10708 Trans Fly savanna and grasslands 10709 Victoria Plains tropical savanna 10801 Cantebury-Otago tussock grasslands 10802 Eastern Australia mulga shrublands 10803 Southeast Australia temperate savanna 11001 Australian Alps montane grasslands 11002 Central Range sub-alpine grasslands 11003 South Island montane grasslands 11101 Antipodes Subantarctic Islands tundra 11201 Coolgardie woodlands 11202 Esperance mallee 11203 Eyre and York mallee 11204 Jarrah-Karri forest and shrublands 11205 Swan Coastal Plain Scrub and Woodlands 11206 Mount Lofty woodlands 11207 Murray-Darling woodlands and mallee 11208 Naracoorte woodlands 11209 Southwest Australia savanna 11210 Southwest Australia woodlands 11301 Carnarvon xeric shrublands 11302 Central Ranges xeric scrub 11303 Gibson desert 11304 Great Sandy-Tanami desert 11305 Great Victoria desert 11306 Nullarbor Plains xeric shrublands 11307 Pilbara shrublands 11308 Simpson desert 11309 Tirari-Sturt stony desert 11310 Western Australian Mulga shrublands 11401 New Guinea mangroves 21101 Marielandia Antarctic tundra 21102 Maudlandia Antarctic desert 21103 Scotia Sea Islands tundra 21104 Southern Indian Ocean Islands tundra 30101 Albertine Rift montane forests 30102 Atlantic Equatorial coastal forests 30103 Cameroonian Highlands forests 30104 Central Congolian lowland forests 30105 Comoros forests 30106 Cross-Niger transition forests 30107 Cross-Sanaga-Bioko coastal forests 30108 East African montane forests 30109 Eastern Arc forests 30110 Eastern Congolian swamp forests 30111 Eastern Guinean forests 30112 Ethiopian montane forests 30113 Granitic Seychelles forests 30114 Guinean montane forests 30115 Knysna-Amatole montane forests 30116 KwaZulu-Cape coastal forest mosaic 30117 Madagascar lowland forests 30118 Madagascar subhumid forests 30119 Maputaland coastal forest mosaic 30120 Mascarene forests 30121 Mount Cameroon and Bioko montane forests 30122 Niger Delta swamp forests 30123 Nigerian lowland forests 30124 Northeastern Congolian lowland forests 30125 Northern Zanzibar-Inhambane coastal forest mosaic 30126 Northwestern Congolian lowland forests 30127 Sao Tome, Principe and Annobon moist lowland forests 30128 Southern Zanzibar-Inhambane coastal forest mosaic 30129 Western Congolian swamp forests 30130 Western Guinean lowland forests 30201 Cape Verde Islands dry forests 30202 Madagascar dry deciduous forests 30203 Zambezian Cryptosepalum dry forests 30701 Angolan Miombo woodlands 30702 Angolan Mopane woodlands 30703 Ascension scrub and grasslands 30704 Central Zambezian Miombo woodlands 30705 East Sudanian savanna 30706 Eastern Miombo woodlands 30707 Guinean forest-savanna mosaic 30708 Itigi-Sumbu thicket 30709 Kalahari Acacia-Baikiaea woodlands 30710 Mandara Plateau mosaic 30711 Northern Acacia-Commiphora bushlands and thickets 30712 Northern Congolian forest-savanna mosaic 30713 Sahelian Acacia savanna 30714 Serengeti volcanic grasslands 30715 Somali Acacia-Commiphora bushlands and thickets 30716 Southern Acacia-Commiphora bushlands and thickets 30717 Southern Africa bushveld 30718 Southern Congolian forest-savanna mosaic 30719 Southern Miombo woodlands 30720 St. Helena scrub and woodlands 30721 Victoria Basin forest-savanna mosaic 30722 West Sudanian savanna 30723 Western Congolian forest-savanna mosaic 30724 Western Zambezian grasslands 30725 Zambezian and Mopane woodlands 30726 Zambezian Baikiaea woodlands 30801 Al Hajar montane woodlands 30802 Amsterdam and Saint-Paul Islands temperate grasslands 30803 Tristan Da Cunha-Gough Islands shrub and grasslands 30901 East African halophytics 30902 Etosha Pan halophytics 30903 Inner Niger Delta flooded savanna 30904 Lake Chad flooded savanna 30905 Saharan flooded grasslands 30906 Zambezian coastal flooded savanna 30907 Zambezian flooded grasslands 30908 Zambezian halophytics 31001 Angolan montane forest-grassland mosaic 31002 Angolan scarp savanna and woodlands 31003 Drakensberg alti-montane grasslands and woodlands 31004 Drakensberg montane grasslands, woodlands and forests 31005 East African montane moorlands 31006 Eastern Zimbabwe montane forest-grassland mosaic 31007 Ethiopian montane grasslands and woodlands 31008 Ethiopian montane moorlands 31009 Highveld grasslands 31010 Jos Plateau forest-grassland mosaic 31011 Madagascar ericoid thickets 31012 Maputaland-Pondoland bushland and thickets 31013 Rwenzori-Virunga montane moorlands 31014 South Malawi montane forest-grassland mosaic 31015 Southern Rift montane forest-grassland mosaic 31201 Albany thickets 31202 Lowland fynbos and renosterveld 31203 Montane fynbos and renosterveld 31301 Aldabra Island xeric scrub 31302 Arabian Peninsula coastal fog desert 31303 East Saharan montane xeric woodlands 31304 Eritrean coastal desert 31305 Ethiopian xeric grasslands and shrublands 31306 Gulf of Oman desert and semi-desert 31307 Hobyo grasslands and shrublands 31308 Ile Europa and Bassas da India xeric scrub 31309 Kalahari xeric savanna 31310 Kaokoveld desert 31311 Madagascar spiny thickets 31312 Madagascar succulent woodlands 31313 Masai xeric grasslands and shrublands 31314 Nama Karoo 31315 Namib desert 31316 Namibian savanna woodlands 31318 Socotra Island xeric shrublands 31319 Somali montane xeric woodlands 31320 Southwestern Arabian foothills savanna 31321 Southwestern Arabian montane woodlands 31322 Succulent Karoo 31401 Central African mangroves 31402 East African mangroves 31403 Guinean mangroves 31404 Madagascar mangroves 31405 Southern Africa mangroves 40101 Andaman Islands rain forests 40102 Borneo lowland rain forests 40103 Borneo montane rain forests 40104 Borneo peat swamp forests 40105 Brahmaputra Valley semi-evergreen forests 40106 Cardamom Mountains rain forests 40107 Chao Phraya freshwater swamp forests 40108 Chao Phraya lowland moist deciduous forests 40109 Chin Hills-Arakan Yoma montane forests 40110 Christmas and Cocos Islands tropical forests 40111 Eastern highlands moist deciduous forests 40112 Eastern Java-Bali montane rain forests 40113 Eastern Java-Bali rain forests 40114 Greater Negros-Panay rain forests 40115 Himalayan subtropical broadleaf forests 40116 Irrawaddy freshwater swamp forests 40117 Irrawaddy moist deciduous forests 40118 Jian Nan subtropical evergreen forests 40119 Kayah-Karen montane rain forests 40120 Lower Gangetic Plains moist deciduous forests 40121 Luang Prabang montane rain forests 40122 Luzon montane rain forests 40123 Luzon rain forests 40124 Malabar Coast moist forests 40125 Maldives-Lakshadweep-Chagos Archipelago tropical moist forests 40126 Meghalaya subtropical forests 40127 Mentawai Islands rain forests 40128 Mindanao montane rain forests 40129 Mindanao-Eastern Visayas rain forests 40130 Mindoro rain forests 40131 Mizoram-Manipur-Kachin rain forests 40132 Myanmar coastal rain forests 40133 Nicobar Islands rain forests 40134 North Western Ghats moist deciduous forests 40135 North Western Ghats montane rain forests 40136 Northern Annamites rain forests 40137 Northern Indochina subtropical forests 40138 Northern Khorat Plateau moist deciduous forests 40139 Northern Thailand-Laos moist deciduous forests 40140 Northern Triangle subtropical forests 40141 Northern Vietnam lowland rain forests 40142 Orissa semi-evergreen forests 40143 Palawan rain forests 40144 Peninsular Malaysian montane rain forests 40145 Peninsular Malaysian peat swamp forests 40146 Peninsular Malaysian rain forests 40147 Red River freshwater swamp forests 40148 South China Sea Islands 40149 South China-Vietnam subtropical evergreen forests 40150 South Western Ghats moist deciduous forests 40151 South Western Ghats montane rain forests 40152 Southern Annamites montane rain forests 40153 Southwest Borneo freshwater swamp forests 40154 Sri Lanka lowland rain forests 40155 Sri Lanka montane rain forests 40156 Sulu Archipelago rain forests 40157 Sumatran freshwater swamp forests 40158 Sumatran lowland rain forests 40159 Sumatran montane rain forests 40160 Sumatran peat swamp forests 40161 Sundaland heath forests 40162 Sundarbans freshwater swamp forests 40163 Tenasserim-South Thailand semi-evergreen rain forests 40164 Tonle Sap freshwater swamp forests 40165 Tonle Sap-Mekong peat swamp forests 40166 Upper Gangetic Plains moist deciduous forests 40167 Western Java montane rain forests 40168 Western Java rain forests 40169 Hainan Island monsoon rain forests 40170 Nansei Islands subtropical evergreen forests 40171 South Taiwan monsoon rain forests 40172 Taiwan subtropical evergreen forests 40201 Central Deccan Plateau dry deciduous forests 40202 Central Indochina dry forests 40203 Chhota-Nagpur dry deciduous forests 40204 East Deccan dry-evergreen forests 40205 Irrawaddy dry forests 40206 Khathiar-Gir dry deciduous forests 40207 Narmada Valley dry deciduous forests 40208 Northern dry deciduous forests 40209 South Deccan Plateau dry deciduous forests 40210 Southeastern Indochina dry evergreen forests 40211 Southern Vietnam lowland dry forests 40212 Sri Lanka dry-zone dry evergreen forests 40301 Himalayan subtropical pine forests 40302 Luzon tropical pine forests 40303 Northeast India-Myanmar pine forests 40304 Sumatran tropical pine forests 40401 Eastern Himalayan broadleaf forests 40402 Northern Triangle temperate forests 40403 Western Himalayan broadleaf forests 40501 Eastern Himalayan subalpine conifer forests 40502 Western Himalayan subalpine conifer forests 40701 Terai-Duar savanna and grasslands 40901 Rann of Kutch seasonal salt marsh 41001 Kinabalu montane alpine meadows 41301 Deccan thorn scrub forests 41302 Indus Valley desert 41303 Northwestern thorn scrub forests 41304 Thar desert 41401 Goadavari-Krishna mangroves 41402 Indochina mangroves 41403 Indus River Delta-Arabian Sea mangroves 41404 Myanmar Coast mangroves 41405 Sunda Shelf mangroves 41406 Sundarbans mangroves 50201 Sonoran-Sinaloan transition subtropical dry forest 50301 Bermuda subtropical conifer forests 50302 Sierra Madre Occidental pine-oak forests 50303 Sierra Madre Oriental pine-oak forests 50401 Allegheny Highlands forests 50402 Appalachian mixed mesophytic forests 50403 Appalachian-Blue Ridge forests 50404 Central U.S. hardwood forests 50405 East Central Texas forests 50406 Eastern forest-boreal transition 50407 Eastern Great Lakes lowland forests 50408 Gulf of St. Lawrence lowland forests 50409 Mississippi lowland forests 50410 New England-Acadian forests 50411 Northeastern coastal forests 50412 Ozark Mountain forests 50413 Southeastern mixed forests 50414 Southern Great Lakes forests 50415 Upper Midwest forest-savanna transition 50416 Western Great Lakes forests 50417 Willamette Valley forests 50501 Alberta Mountain forests 50502 Alberta-British Columbia foothills forests 50503 Arizona Mountains forests 50504 Atlantic coastal pine barrens 50505 Blue Mountains forests 50506 British Columbia mainland coastal forests 50507 Cascade Mountains leeward forests 50508 Central and Southern Cascades forests 50509 Central British Columbia Mountain forests 50510 Central Pacific coastal forests 50511 Colorado Rockies forests 50512 Eastern Cascades forests 50513 Florida sand pine scrub 50514 Fraser Plateau and Basin complex 50515 Great Basin montane forests 50516 Klamath-Siskiyou forests 50517 Middle Atlantic coastal forests 50518 North Central Rockies forests 50519 Northern California coastal forests 50520 Northern Pacific coastal forests 50521 Northern transitional alpine forests 50522 Okanagan dry forests 50523 Piney Woods forests 50524 Puget lowland forests 50525 Queen Charlotte Islands 50526 Sierra Juarez and San Pedro Martir pine-oak forests 50527 Sierra Nevada forests 50528 South Central Rockies forests 50529 Southeastern conifer forests 50530 Wasatch and Uinta montane forests 50601 Alaska Peninsula montane taiga 50602 Central Canadian Shield forests 50603 Cook Inlet taiga 50604 Copper Plateau taiga 50605 Eastern Canadian forests 50606 Eastern Canadian Shield taiga 50607 Interior Alaska-Yukon lowland taiga 50608 Mid-Continental Canadian forests 50609 Midwestern Canadian Shield forests 50610 Muskwa-Slave Lake forests 50611 Newfoundland Highland forests 50612 Northern Canadian Shield taiga 50613 Northern Cordillera forests 50614 Northwest Territories taiga 50615 South Avalon-Burin oceanic barrens 50616 Southern Hudson Bay taiga 50617 Yukon Interior dry forests 50701 Western Gulf coastal grasslands 50801 California Central Valley grasslands 50802 Canadian Aspen forests and parklands 50803 Central and Southern mixed grasslands 50804 Central forest-grasslands transition 50805 Central tall grasslands 50806 Edwards Plateau savanna 50807 Flint Hills tall grasslands 50808 Montana Valley and Foothill grasslands 50809 Nebraska Sand Hills mixed grasslands 50810 Northern mixed grasslands 50811 Northern short grasslands 50812 Northern tall grasslands 50813 Palouse grasslands 50814 Texas blackland prairies 50815 Western short grasslands 51101 Alaska-St. Elias Range tundra 51102 Aleutian Islands tundra 51103 Arctic coastal tundra 51104 Arctic foothills tundra 51105 Baffin coastal tundra 51106 Beringia lowland tundra 51107 Beringia upland tundra 51108 Brooks-British Range tundra 51109 Davis Highlands tundra 51110 High Arctic tundra 51111 Interior Yukon-Alaska alpine tundra 51112 Kalaallit Nunaat high arctic tundra 51113 Kalaallit Nunaat low arctic tundra 51114 Low Arctic tundra 51115 Middle Arctic tundra 51116 Ogilvie-MacKenzie alpine tundra 51117 Pacific Coastal Mountain icefields and tundra 51118 Torngat Mountain tundra 51201 California coastal sage and chaparral 51202 California interior chaparral and woodlands 51203 California montane chaparral and woodlands 51301 Baja California desert 51302 Central Mexican matorral 51303 Chihuahuan desert 51304 Colorado Plateau shrublands 51305 Great Basin shrub steppe 51306 Gulf of California xeric scrub 51307 Meseta Central matorral 51308 Mojave desert 51309 Snake-Columbia shrub steppe 51310 Sonoran desert 51311 Tamaulipan matorral 51312 Tamaulipan mezquital 51313 Wyoming Basin shrub steppe 60101 Araucaria moist forests 60102 Atlantic Coast restingas 60103 Bahia coastal forests 60104 Bahia interior forests 60105 Bolivian Yungas 60106 Caatinga Enclaves moist forests 60107 Caqueta moist forests 60108 Catatumbo moist forests 60109 Cauca Valley montane forests 60110 Cayos Miskitos-San Andrés and Providencia moist forests 60111 Central American Atlantic moist forests 60112 Central American montane forests 60113 Chiapas montane forests 60114 Chimalapas montane forests 60115 Chocó-Darién moist forests 60116 Cocos Island moist forests 60117 Cordillera La Costa montane forests 60118 Cordillera Oriental montane forests 60119 Costa Rican seasonal moist forests 60120 Cuban moist forests 60121 Eastern Cordillera real montane forests 60122 Eastern Panamanian montane forests 60123 Fernando de Noronha-Atol das Rocas moist forests 60124 Guianan Highlands moist forests 60125 Guianan moist forests 60126 Gurupa varzeá 60127 Hispaniolan moist forests 60128 Iquitos varzeá 60129 Isthmian-Atlantic moist forests 60130 Isthmian-Pacific moist forests 60131 Jamaican moist forests 60132 Japurá-Solimoes-Negro moist forests 60133 Juruá-Purus moist forests 60134 Leeward Islands moist forests 60135 Madeira-Tapajós moist forests 60136 Magdalena Valley montane forests 60137 Magdalena-Urabá moist forests 60138 Marajó varzeá 60139 Maranhão Babaçu forests 60140 Mato Grosso seasonal forests 60141 Monte Alegre varzeá 60142 Napo moist forests 60143 Negro-Branco moist forests 60144 Northeastern Brazil restingas 60145 Northwestern Andean montane forests 60146 Oaxacan montane forests 60147 Orinoco Delta swamp forests 60148 Pantanos de Centla 60149 Guianan freshwater swamp forests 60150 Alto Paraná Atlantic forests 60151 Pernambuco coastal forests 60152 Pernambuco interior forests 60153 Peruvian Yungas 60154 Petén-Veracruz moist forests 60155 Puerto Rican moist forests 60156 Purus varzeá 60157 Purus-Madeira moist forests 60158 Rio Negro campinarana 60159 Santa Marta montane forests 60160 Serra do Mar coastal forests 60161 Sierra de los Tuxtlas 60162 Sierra Madre de Chiapas moist forests 60163 Solimões-Japurá moist forests 60164 South Florida rocklands 60165 Southern Andean Yungas 60166 Southwest Amazon moist forests 60167 Talamancan montane forests 60168 Tapajós-Xingu moist forests 60169 Pantepui 60170 Tocantins/Pindare moist forests 60171 Trinidad and Tobago moist forests 60172 Trindade-Martin Vaz Islands tropical forests 60173 Uatuma-Trombetas moist forests 60174 Ucayali moist forests 60175 Venezuelan Andes montane forests 60176 Veracruz moist forests 60177 Veracruz montane forests 60178 Western Ecuador moist forests 60179 Windward Islands moist forests 60180 Xingu-Tocantins-Araguaia moist forests 60181 Yucatán moist forests 60182 Guianan piedmont and lowland moist forests 60201 Apure-Villavicencio dry forests 60202 Atlantic dry forests 60204 Bajío dry forests 60205 Balsas dry forests 60206 Bolivian montane dry forests 60207 Cauca Valley dry forests 60209 Central American dry forests 60210 Dry Chaco 60211 Chiapas Depression dry forests 60212 Chiquitano dry forests 60213 Cuban dry forests 60214 Ecuadorian dry forests 60215 Hispaniolan dry forests 60216 Islas Revillagigedo dry forests 60217 Jalisco dry forests 60218 Jamaican dry forests 60219 Lara-Falcón dry forests 60220 Lesser Antillean dry forests 60221 Magdalena Valley dry forests 60222 Maracaibo dry forests 60223 Marañón dry forests 60224 Panamanian dry forests 60225 Patía Valley dry forests 60226 Puerto Rican dry forests 60227 Sierra de la Laguna dry forests 60228 Sinaloan dry forests 60229 Sinú Valley dry forests 60230 Southern Pacific dry forests 60232 Tumbes-Piura dry forests 60233 Veracruz dry forests 60235 Yucatán dry forests 60301 Bahamian pine mosaic 60302 Belizian pine forests 60303 Central American pine-oak forests 60304 Cuban pine forests 60305 Hispaniolan pine forests 60306 Miskito pine forests 60307 Sierra de la Laguna pine-oak forests 60308 Sierra Madre de Oaxaca pine-oak forests 60309 Sierra Madre del Sur pine-oak forests 60310 Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt pine-oak forests 60401 Juan Fernández Islands temperate forests 60402 Magellanic subpolar forests 60403 San Félix-San Ambrosio Islands temperate forests 60404 Valdivian temperate forests 60702 Beni savanna 60703 Campos Rupestres montane savanna 60704 Cerrado 60705 Clipperton Island shrub and grasslands 60707 Guianan savanna 60708 Humid Chaco 60709 Llanos 60710 Uruguayan savanna 60801 Espinal 60802 Low Monte 60803 Humid Pampas 60805 Patagonian steppe 60902 Cuban wetlands 60903 Enriquillo wetlands 60904 Everglades 60905 Guayaquil flooded grasslands 60906 Orinoco wetlands 60907 Pantanal 60908 Paraná flooded savanna 60909 Southern Cone Mesopotamian savanna 61001 Central Andean dry puna 61002 Central Andean puna 61003 Central Andean wet puna 61004 Cordillera Central páramo 61005 Cordillera de Merida páramo 61006 Northern Andean páramo 61007 Santa Marta páramo 61008 Southern Andean steppe 61010 High Monte 61201 Chilean matorral 61301 Araya and Paria xeric scrub 61303 Atacama desert 61304 Caatinga 61305 Caribbean shrublands 61306 Cuban cactus scrub 61307 Galápagos Islands scrubland mosaic 61308 Guajira-Barranquilla xeric scrub 61309 La Costa xeric shrublands 61311 Malpelo Island xeric scrub 61312 Motagua Valley thornscrub 61313 Paraguana xeric scrub 61314 San Lucan xeric scrub 61315 Sechura desert 61316 Tehuacán Valley matorral 61318 St. Peter and St. Paul rocks 61401 Amazon-Orinoco-Southern Caribbean mangroves 61402 Bahamian-Antillean mangroves 61403 Mesoamerican Gulf-Caribbean mangroves 61404 Northern Mesoamerican Pacific mangroves 61405 South American Pacific mangroves 61406 Southern Atlantic mangroves 61407 Southern Mesoamerican Pacific mangroves 70101 Carolines tropical moist forests 70102 Central Polynesian tropical moist forests 70103 Cook Islands tropical moist forests 70104 Eastern Micronesia tropical moist forests 70105 Fiji tropical moist forests 70106 Hawaii tropical moist forests 70107 Kermadec Islands subtropical moist forests 70108 Marquesas tropical moist forests 70109 Ogasawara subtropical moist forests 70110 Palau tropical moist forests 70111 Rapa Nui subtropical broadleaf forests 70112 Samoan tropical moist forests 70113 Society Islands tropical moist forests 70114 Tongan tropical moist forests 70115 Tuamotu tropical moist forests 70116 Tubuai tropical moist forests 70117 Western Polynesian tropical moist forests 70201 Fiji tropical dry forests 70202 Hawaii tropical dry forests 70203 Marianas tropical dry forests 70204 Yap tropical dry forests 70701 Hawaii tropical high shrublands 70702 Hawaii tropical low shrublands 70703 Northwestern Hawaii scrub 80101 Guizhou Plateau broadleaf and mixed forests 80102 Yunnan Plateau subtropical evergreen forests 80401 Appenine deciduous montane forests 80402 Atlantic mixed forests 80403 Azores temperate mixed forests 80404 Balkan mixed forests 80405 Baltic mixed forests 80406 Cantabrian mixed forests 80407 Caspian Hyrcanian mixed forests 80408 Caucasus mixed forests 80409 Celtic broadleaf forests 80410 Central Anatolian steppe and woodlands 80411 Central China loess plateau mixed forests 80412 Central European mixed forests 80413 Central Korean deciduous forests 80414 Changbai Mountains mixed forests 80415 Changjiang Plain evergreen forests 80416 Crimean Submediterranean forest complex 80417 Daba Mountains evergreen forests 80418 Dinaric Mountains mixed forests 80419 East European forest steppe 80420 Eastern Anatolian deciduous forests 80421 English Lowlands beech forests 80422 Euxine-Colchic broadleaf forests 80423 Hokkaido deciduous forests 80424 Huang He Plain mixed forests 80425 Madeira evergreen forests 80426 Manchurian mixed forests 80427 Nihonkai evergreen forests 80428 Nihonkai montane deciduous forests 80429 North Atlantic moist mixed forests 80430 Northeast China Plain deciduous forests 80431 Pannonian mixed forests 80432 Po Basin mixed forests 80433 Pyrenees conifer and mixed forests 80434 Qin Ling Mountains deciduous forests 80435 Rodope montane mixed forests 80436 Sarmatic mixed forests 80437 Sichuan Basin evergreen broadleaf forests 80438 South Sakhalin-Kurile mixed forests 80439 Southern Korea evergreen forests 80440 Taiheiyo evergreen forests 80441 Taiheiyo montane deciduous forests 80442 Tarim Basin deciduous forests and steppe 80443 Ussuri broadleaf and mixed forests 80444 Western Siberian hemiboreal forests 80445 Western European broadleaf forests 80446 Zagros Mountains forest steppe 80501 Alps conifer and mixed forests 80502 Altai montane forest and forest steppe 80503 Caledon conifer forests 80504 Carpathian montane forests 80505 Da Hinggan-Dzhagdy Mountains conifer forests 80506 East Afghan montane conifer forests 80507 Elburz Range forest steppe 80508 Helanshan montane conifer forests 80509 Hengduan Mountains subalpine conifer forests 80510 Hokkaido montane conifer forests 80511 Honshu alpine conifer forests 80512 Khangai Mountains conifer forests 80513 Mediterranean conifer and mixed forests 80514 Northeastern Himalayan subalpine conifer forests 80515 Northern Anatolian conifer and deciduous forests 80516 Nujiang Langcang Gorge alpine conifer and mixed forests 80517 Qilian Mountains conifer forests 80518 Qionglai-Minshan conifer forests 80519 Sayan montane conifer forests 80520 Scandinavian coastal conifer forests 80521 Tian Shan montane conifer forests 80601 East Siberian taiga 80602 Iceland boreal birch forests and alpine tundra 80603 Kamchatka-Kurile meadows and sparse forests 80604 Kamchatka-Kurile taiga 80605 Northeast Siberian taiga 80606 Okhotsk-Manchurian taiga 80607 Sakhalin Island taiga 80608 Scandinavian and Russian taiga 80609 Trans-Baikal conifer forests 80610 Ural montane forests and tundra 80611 West Siberian taiga 80801 Alai-Western Tian Shan steppe 80802 Altai steppe and semi-desert 80803 Central Anatolian steppe 80804 Daurian forest steppe 80805 Eastern Anatolian montane steppe 80806 Emin Valley steppe 80807 Faroe Islands boreal grasslands 80808 Gissaro-Alai open woodlands 80809 Kazakh forest steppe 80810 Kazakh steppe 80811 Kazakh upland 80812 Middle East steppe 80813 Mongolian-Manchurian grassland 80814 Pontic steppe 80815 Sayan Intermontane steppe 80816 Selenge-Orkhon forest steppe 80817 South Siberian forest steppe 80818 Tian Shan foothill arid steppe 80901 Amur meadow steppe 80902 Bohai Sea saline meadow 80903 Nenjiang River grassland 80904 Nile Delta flooded savanna 80905 Saharan halophytics 80906 Tigris-Euphrates alluvial salt marsh 80907 Suiphun-Khanka meadows and forest meadows 80908 Yellow Sea saline meadow 81001 Altai alpine meadow and tundra 81002 Central Tibetan Plateau alpine steppe 81003 Eastern Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows 81004 Ghorat-Hazarajat alpine meadow 81005 Hindu Kush alpine meadow 81006 Karakoram-West Tibetan Plateau alpine steppe 81007 Khangai Mountains alpine meadow 81008 Kopet Dag woodlands and forest steppe 81009 Kuh Rud and Eastern Iran montane woodlands 81010 Mediterranean High Atlas juniper steppe 81011 North Tibetan Plateau-Kunlun Mountains alpine desert 81012 Northwestern Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows 81013 Ordos Plateau steppe 81014 Pamir alpine desert and tundra 81015 Qilian Mountains subalpine meadows 81016 Sayan Alpine meadows and tundra 81017 Southeast Tibet shrublands and meadows 81018 Sulaiman Range alpine meadows 81019 Tian Shan montane steppe and meadows 81020 Tibetan Plateau alpine shrublands and meadows 81021 Western Himalayan alpine shrub and Meadows 81022 Yarlung Tsangpo arid steppe 81101 Arctic desert 81102 Bering tundra 81103 Cherskii-Kolyma mountain tundra 81104 Chukchi Peninsula tundra 81105 Kamchatka Mountain tundra and forest tundra 81106 Kola Peninsula tundra 81107 Northeast Siberian coastal tundra 81108 Northwest Russian-Novaya Zemlya tundra 81109 Novosibirsk Islands arctic desert 81110 Scandinavian Montane Birch forest and grasslands 81111 Taimyr-Central Siberian tundra 81112 Trans-Baikal Bald Mountain tundra 81113 Wrangel Island arctic desert 81114 Yamal-Gydan tundra 81201 Aegean and Western Turkey sclerophyllous and mixed forests 81202 Anatolian conifer and deciduous mixed forests 81203 Canary Islands dry woodlands and forests 81204 Corsican montane broadleaf and mixed forests 81205 Crete Mediterranean forests 81206 Cyprus Mediterranean forests 81207 Eastern Mediterranean conifer-sclerophyllous-broadleaf forests 81208 Iberian conifer forests 81209 Iberian sclerophyllous and semi-deciduous forests 81210 Illyrian deciduous forests 81211 Italian sclerophyllous and semi-deciduous forests 81212 Mediterranean acacia-argania dry woodlands and succulent thickets 81213 Mediterranean dry woodlands and steppe 81214 Mediterranean woodlands and forests 81215 Northeastern Spain and Southern France Mediterranean forests 81216 Northwest Iberian montane forests 81217 Pindus Mountains mixed forests 81218 South Appenine mixed montane forests 81219 Southeastern Iberian shrubs and woodlands 81220 Southern Anatolian montane conifer and deciduous forests 81221 Southwest Iberian Mediterranean sclerophyllous and mixed forests 81222 Tyrrhenian-Adriatic Sclerophyllous and mixed forests 81301 Afghan Mountains semi-desert 81302 Alashan Plateau semi-desert 81303 Arabian Desert and East Sahero-Arabian xeric shrublands 81304 Atlantic coastal desert 81305 Azerbaijan shrub desert and steppe 81306 Badghyz and Karabil semi-desert 81307 Baluchistan xeric woodlands 81308 Caspian lowland desert 81309 Central Afghan Mountains xeric woodlands 81310 Central Asian northern desert 81311 Central Asian riparian woodlands 81312 Central Asian southern desert 81313 Central Persian desert basins 81314 Eastern Gobi desert steppe 81315 Gobi Lakes Valley desert steppe 81316 Great Lakes Basin desert steppe 81317 Junggar Basin semi-desert 81318 Kazakh semi-desert 81319 Kopet Dag semi-desert 81320 Mesopotamian shrub desert 81321 North Saharan steppe and woodlands 81322 Paropamisus xeric woodlands 81323 Persian Gulf desert and semi-desert 81324 Qaidam Basin semi-desert 81325 Red Sea Nubo-Sindian tropical desert and semi-desert 81326 Registan-North Pakistan sandy desert 81327 Sahara desert 81328 South Iran Nubo-Sindian desert and semi-desert 81329 South Saharan steppe and woodlands 81330 Taklimakan desert 81331 Tibesti-Jebel Uweinat montane xeric woodlands 81332 West Saharan montane xeric woodlands 81333 Red Sea coastal desert Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Proportion of land area used for agriculture (circa 2000) CROPLAND reports the proportion of land that is planted in crops, for a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The statistics reported in CROPLAND are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. CROPLAND is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. CROPLAND, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Proportion of land area used for pastureland (circa 2000) PASTURELAND reports the proportion of land that is used as pasture, for a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The pasture area statistics reported in PASTURELAND are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. PASTURELAND is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. PASTURELAND, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS NDVI monthly time-series NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) consists of a set of 72 variables. These variables report the maximum NDVI value within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster for the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, the month of the survey start date, and the 11 individual months following the survey start date. NDVI is a numeric, normalized index that measures live greenness in an area and can be used as a proxy for vegetation. Hypothetically, NDVI values can range from -1.0 to 1.0. The IPUMS-DHS NDVI metric captures the maximum value of NDVI within the 10-kilometer buffer area (i.e., which pixel in the buffer has the maximum NDVI value for a given month), so the values in IPUMS-DHS for NDVI range from 0 to 1. By adding NDVI to your data cart, you are in effect adding 72 separate variables for: the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, denoted by the number of months prior to the survey start date (e.g., NDVI_01 is the maximum NDVI in the month before the survey start date; NDVI_60 is the maximum NDVI in the 60th month before the survey start date) the month of the survey start date (NDVI_00) the 11 individual months following the month of the survey start date, denoted by the number of months following the month of the survey start date (e.g., NDVI_A01 is the maximum NDVI in the month following the month of the survey start date) The source data for NDVI come fromÂ the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS [URL omitted from DDI.])Â dataset, which covers the period February 2000 to October 2018. Only IPUMS-DHS samples whose data collection period overlapped with February 2000 or later are included in the NDVI variable (e.g., Bangladesh 2000). Note, however, that a sample fielded beginning in February 2000 would have non-missing NDVI values for the survey start month and the 11 following months, but would have only missing data values for the 60 months preceding the survey start date. Researchers who need NDVI values for the full 5 years preceding the survey start--for example, to relate to health outcomes for children under age 5--should restrict their analysis to samples fielded from February 2005 forward. NDVI, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 NDVI available Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 60 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 59 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 58 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 57 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 56 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 55 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 54 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 53 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 52 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 51 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 50 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 49 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 48 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 47 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 46 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 45 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 44 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 43 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 42 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 41 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 40 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 39 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 38 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 37 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 36 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 35 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 34 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 33 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 32 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 31 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 30 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 29 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 28 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 27 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 26 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 25 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 24 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 23 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 22 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 21 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 20 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 19 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 18 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 17 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 16 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 15 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 14 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 13 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 12 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 11 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 10 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 9 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 8 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 7 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 6 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 5 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 4 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 3 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 2 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 1 month before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI month of survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 1 month after survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 2 months after survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 3 months after survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 4 months after survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 5 months after survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 6 months after survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 7 months after survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 8 months after survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 9 months after survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 10 months after survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 11 months after survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation monthly time-series PRECIP consists of a set of 72 separate variables. These variables report the average precipitation in millimeters, received within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, for the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, the month of the survey start date, and the 11 individual months following the survey start date. Note that "average" precipitation here refers to averaging the monthly precipitation values for the various subareas included in the buffer zone. By adding PRECIP to your data cart, you are in effect adding 72 separate variables for: the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, denoted by the number of months prior to the survey start date (e.g., PRECIP_01 is the average precipitation in the month before the survey start date; PRECIP_60 is the average precipitation in the 60th month before the survey start date); the month of the survey start date (PRECIP_00); the 11 individual months following the month of the survey start date, denoted by the number of months following the month of the survey start date (e.g., PRECIP_A01 is the average precipitation in the month following the month of the survey start date). The full set of monthly precipitation data, from January 1981 through August 2018, is available on the IPUMS-DHS contextual variables downloads [URL omitted from DDI.] page. Users can merge the precipitation data, available in csv format, with their IPUMS-DHS data extract to create average or total precipitation variables (e.g., average January precipitation, total 2017 precipitation), for the time frame suited to their research question. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 PRECIP available Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 60 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 59 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 58 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 57 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 56 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 55 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 54 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 53 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 52 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 51 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 50 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 49 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 48 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 47 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 46 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 45 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 44 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 43 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 42 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 41 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 40 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 39 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 38 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 37 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 36 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 35 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 34 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 33 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 32 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 31 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 30 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 29 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 28 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 27 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 26 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 25 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 24 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 23 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 22 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 21 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 20 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 19 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 18 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 17 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 16 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 15 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 14 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 13 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 12 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 11 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 10 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 9 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 8 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 7 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 6 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 5 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 4 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 3 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 2 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 1 month before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation month of survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 1 month after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 2 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 3 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 4 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 5 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 6 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 7 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 8 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 9 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 10 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 11 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum monthly temperature TEMPMIN consists of a set of 72 separate variables reporting minimum monthly temperatures. These variables report the average minimum temperature in kelvin scale, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, for the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, the month of the survey start date, and the 11 individual months following the survey start date. Note that "average" minimum temperature here refers to averaging the minimum temperature values for the various subareas included in the buffer zone. By adding TEMPMIN to your data cart, you are in effect adding 72 separate variables for: the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, denoted by the number of months prior to the survey start date (e.g., TEMPMIN_01 is the average minimum temperature in the month before the survey start date; TEMPMIN _60 is the average minimum temperature in the 60th month before the survey start date) the month of the survey start date (TEMPMIN _00) the 11 individual months following the month of the survey start date, denoted by the number of months following the month of the survey start date (e.g., TEMPMIN_A01 is the average minimum temperature in the month following the month of the survey start date) The full set of monthly temperature data, from January 1980 through December 2016, is available on the IPUMS-DHS contextual variables downloads [URL omitted from DDI.] page. Users can merge the temperature data, available in csv format, with their IPUMS-DHS data extract to create average or total precipitation variables (e.g., average minimum January temperature), for the time frame suited to their research question. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 TEMPMAX available Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 60 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 59 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 58 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 57 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 56 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 55 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 54 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 53 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 52 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 51 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 50 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 49 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 48 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 47 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 46 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 45 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 44 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 43 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 42 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 41 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 40 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 39 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 38 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 37 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 36 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 35 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 34 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 33 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 32 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 31 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 30 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 29 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 28 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 27 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 26 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 25 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 24 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 23 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 22 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 21 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 20 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 19 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 18 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 17 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 16 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 15 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 14 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 13 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 12 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 11 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 10 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 9 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 8 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 7 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 6 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 5 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 4 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 3 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 2 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 1 month before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature month of survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 1 month after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 2 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 3 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 4 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 5 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 6 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 7 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 8 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 9 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 10 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 11 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum monthly temperature TEMPMAX consists of a set of 72 separate variables reporting maximum monthly temperatures. These variables report the average maximum temperature in kelvin scale, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, for the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, the month of the survey start date, and the 11 individual months following the survey start date. Note that "average" maximum temperature here refers to averaging the maximum temperature values for the various subareas included in the buffer zone. By adding TEMPMAX to your data cart, you are in effect adding 72 separate variables for: the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, denoted by the number of months prior to the survey start date (e.g., TEMPMAX_01 is the average maximum temperature in the month before the survey start date; TEMPMAX _60 is the average maximum temperature in the 60th month before the survey start date) the month of the survey start date (TEMPMAX _00) the 11 individual months following the month of the survey start date, denoted by the number of months following the month of the survey start date (e.g., TEMPMAX_A01 is the average maximum temperature in the month following the month of the survey start date). The full set of monthly temperature data, from January 1980 through December 2016, is available on the IPUMS-DHS contextual variables downloads [URL omitted from DDI.] page. Users can merge the temperature data, available in csv format, with their IPUMS-DHS data extract to create average or total precipitation variables (e.g., average maximum July temperature), for the time frame suited to their research question. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 TEMPMAX available Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 60 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 59 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 58 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 57 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 56 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 55 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 54 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 53 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 52 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 51 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 50 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 49 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 48 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 47 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 46 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 45 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 44 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 43 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 42 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 41 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 40 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 39 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 38 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 37 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 36 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 35 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 34 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 33 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 32 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 31 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 30 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 29 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 28 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 27 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 26 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 25 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 24 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 23 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 22 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 21 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 20 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 19 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 18 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 17 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 16 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 15 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 14 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 13 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 12 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 11 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 10 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 9 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 8 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 7 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 6 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 5 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 4 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 3 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 2 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 1 month before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature month of survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 1 month after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 2 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 3 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 4 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 5 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 6 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 7 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 8 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 9 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 10 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 11 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Population density quinquennial time-series (2000-2020) POPDENSITY consists of a set of 5 separate variables. These variables report the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. By adding POPDENSITY to your data cart, you are in effect adding 5 separate variables (POPDENSITY_2000 - POPDENSITY_2020), one variable for each month. Values for POPDENSITY are based onÂ population projections from the results of the 2000 and 2010 rounds of censuses. POPDENSITY variables can be used as indicators of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, for greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. POPDENSITY, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 POPDENSITY available Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2000 POPDENSITY_2000 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2000. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2000 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2000 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2000 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2005 POPDENSITY_2005 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2005. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2005 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2005 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2005 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2010 POPDENSITY_2010 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2010. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2010 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2010 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2010 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2015 POPDENSITY_2015 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2015. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2015 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2015 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2015 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2020 POPDENSITY_2020 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2020. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2020 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2020 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Values for POPDENSITY_2020 are based on population projections from the results of the 2010 round of censuses, which occurred between 2005 and 2014. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2020 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area barley (in 2000) BARLEY_H reports total harvested area dedicated to barley, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in BARLEY_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable BARLEY_P reports total crop production of barley, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. BARLEY_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area cassava (in 2000) CASSAVA_H reports total harvested area dedicated to cassava, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in CASSAVA_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable CASSAVA_P reports total crop production of cassava, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. CASSAVA_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area cotton (in 2000) COTTON_H reports total harvested area dedicated to cotton, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in COTTON_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable COTTON_P reports total crop production of cotton, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. COTTON_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area groundnuts (in 2000) GROUNDNUT_H reports total harvested area dedicated to groundnuts, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in GROUNDNUT_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable GROUNDNUT_P reports total crop production of groundnuts, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. GROUNDNUT_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area maize (in 2000) MAIZE_H reports total harvested area dedicated to maize, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in MAIZE_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable MAIZE_P reports total crop production of maize, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. MAIZE_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area millet (in 2000) MILLET_H reports total harvested area dedicated to millet, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in MILLET_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable MILLET_P reports total crop production of millet, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. MILLET_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area oilpalm (in 2000) OILPALM_H reports total harvested area dedicated to oil palm, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in OILPALM_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable OILPALM_P reports total crop production of oil palm, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. OILPALM_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area potatoes (in 2000) POTATO_H reports total harvested area dedicated to potatoes, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in POTATO_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable POTATO_P reports total crop production of potatoes, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. POTATO_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area rapeseed (in 2000) RAPESEED_H reports total harvested area dedicated to rapeseed, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in RAPESEED_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RAPESEED_P reports total crop production of rapeseed, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RAPESEED_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area rice (in 2000) RICE_H reports total harvested area dedicated to rice, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in RICE_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RICE_P reports total crop production of rice, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RICE_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area sorghum (in 2000) SORGHUM_H reports total harvested area dedicated to sorghum, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SORGHUM_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SORGHUM_P reports total crop production of sorghum, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SORGHUM_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area soybeans (in 2000) SOYBEAN_H reports total harvested area dedicated to soybeans, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SOYBEAN_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SOYBEAN_P reports total crop production of soybean, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SOYBEAN_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area sugarbeets (in 2000) SUGARBEET_H reports total harvested area dedicated to sugar beets, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SUGARBEET_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUGARBEET_P reports total crop production of sugar beets, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUGARBEET_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area sugarcane (in 2000) SUGARCANE_H reports total harvested area dedicated to sugar cane, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SUGARCANE_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUGARCANE_P reports total crop production of sugar cane, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUGARCANE_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area sunflowers (in 2000) SUNFLOWER_H reports total harvested area dedicated to sunflowers, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SUNFLOWER_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUNFLOWER_P reports total crop production of sunflowers, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUNFLOWER_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area wheat (in 2000) WHEAT_H reports total harvested area dedicated to wheat, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in WHEAT_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable WHEAT_P reports total crop production of wheat, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. WHEAT_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area rye (in 2000) RYE_H reports total harvested area dedicated to rye, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in RYE_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RYE_P reports total crop production of rye, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RYE_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total barley production (in 2000) BARLEY_P reports the total crop production of barley, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in BARLEY_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable BARLEY_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to barley, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. BARLEY_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total cassava production (in 2000) CASSAVA_P reports the total crop production of cassava, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in CASSAVA_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable CASSAVA_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to cassava, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. CASSAVA_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total cotton production (in 2000) COTTON_P reports the total crop production of cotton, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in COTTON_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable COTTON_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to cotton, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. COTTON_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total groundnut production (in 2000) GROUNDNUT_P reports the total crop production of groundnuts, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in GROUNDNUT_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable GROUNDNUT_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to groundnuts, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. GROUNDNUT_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total maize production (in 2000) MAIZE_P reports the total crop production of maize, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in MAIZE_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable MAIZE_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to maize, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. MAIZE_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total millet production (in 2000) MILLET_P reports the total crop production of millet, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in MILLET_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable MILLET_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to millet, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. MILLET_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total oilpalm production (in 2000) OILPALM_P reports the total crop production of oil palm, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in OILPALM_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable OILPALM_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to oil palm, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. OILPALM_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total potato production (in 2000) POTATO_P reports the total crop production of potatoes, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in POTATO_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable POTATO_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to potatoes, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. POTATO_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total rapeseed production (in 2000) RAPESEED_P reports the total crop production of rapeseed, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in RAPESEED_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RAPESEED_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to rapeseed, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RAPESEED_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total rice production (in 2000) RICE_P reports the total crop production of rice, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in RICE_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RICE_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to rice, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RICE_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total sorghum production (in 2000) SORGHUM_P reports the total crop production of sorghum, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SORGHUM_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SORGHUM_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to sorghum, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SORGHUM_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total soybean production (in 2000) SOYBEAN_P reports the total crop production of soybeans, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SOYBEAN_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SOYBEAN_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to soybeans, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SOYBEAN_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total sugarbeet production (in 2000) SUGARBEET_P reports the total crop production of sugar beets, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SUGARBEET_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUGARBEET_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to sugar beets, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUGARBEET_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total sugarcane production (in 2000) SUGARCANE_P reports the total crop production of sugar cane, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SUGARCANE_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUGARCANE_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to sugar cane, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUGARCANE_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total sunflower production (in 2000) SUNFLOWER_P reports the total crop production of sunflowers, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SUNFLOWER_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUNFLOWER_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to sunflowers, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUNFLOWER_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total wheat production (in 2000) WHEAT_P reports the total crop production of wheat, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in WHEAT_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable WHEAT_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to wheat, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. WHEAT_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total rye production (in 2000) RYE_P reports the total crop production of rye, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in RYE_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RYE_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to rye, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RYE_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS IPUMS-DHS sample identifier SAMPLE identifies the DHS sample from which the case is drawn. Each sample receives a unique 5-digit code. The first three digits are ISO/UN codes used in COUNTRY, and the last two digits identify the sample within the country, ordered by survey year. The related variable SAMPLESTR is a string variable that identifies the DHS sample with the same 5-digit code. 00101 Model 2015 00401 Afghanistan 2015 02401 Angola 2015 05001 Bangladesh 1994 05002 Bangladesh 1996-97 05003 Bangladesh 1999-00 05004 Bangladesh 2004 05005 Bangladesh 2007 05006 Bangladesh 2011 05007 Bangladesh 2014 10401 Myanmar 2015 10801 Burundi 1987 10802 Burundi 2010 10803 Burundi 2016 11601 Cambodia 2000 11602 Cambodia 2005 11603 Cambodia 2010 11604 Cambodia 2014 12001 Cameroon 1991 12002 Cameroon 1998 12003 Cameroon 2004 12004 Cameroon 2011 14801 Chad 1996-97 14802 Chad 2004 14803 Chad 2014 18001 Congo Democratic Republic 2007 18002 Congo Democratic Republic 2013-14 20401 Benin 1996 20402 Benin 2001 20403 Benin 2006 20404 Benin 2011 23101 Ethiopia 2000 23102 Ethiopia 2005 23103 Ethiopia 2011 23104 Ethiopia 2016 28801 Ghana 1988 28802 Ghana 1993 28803 Ghana 1998 28804 Ghana 2003 28805 Ghana 2008 28806 Ghana 2014 32001 Guatemala 1987 32002 Guatemala 1995 32003 Guatemala 2015 32401 Guinea 1999 32402 Guinea 2005 32403 Guinea 2012 35601 India 1992-93 35602 India 1998-99 35603 India 2005-06 35604 India 2015-16 38401 Cote d'Ivoire 1994 38402 Cote d'Ivoire 1998 38403 Cote d'Ivoire 2011 40001 Jordan 1990 40002 Jordan 1997 40003 Jordan 2002 40004 Jordan 2007 40005 Jordan 2009 40006 Jordan 2012 40007 Jordan 2017-18 40401 Kenya 1989 40402 Kenya 1993 40403 Kenya 1998 40404 Kenya 2003 40405 Kenya 2008-9 40406 Kenya 2014 42601 Lesotho 2004 42602 Lesotho 2009 42603 Lesotho 2014 45001 Madagascar 1992 45002 Madagascar 1997 45003 Madagascar 2003 45004 Madagascar 2008 45401 Malawi 1992 45402 Malawi 2000 45403 Malawi 2004 45404 Malawi 2010 45405 Malawi 2016 46601 Mali 1987 46602 Mali 1995-6 46603 Mali 2001 46604 Mali 2006 46605 Mali 2012 50401 Morocco 1987 50402 Morocco 1992 50403 Morocco 2003 50801 Mozambique 1997 50802 Mozambique 2003 50803 Mozambique 2011 51601 Namibia 1992 51602 Namibia 2000 51603 Namibia 2006 51604 Namibia 2013 52401 Nepal 1996 52402 Nepal 2001 52403 Nepal 2006 52404 Nepal 2011 52405 Nepal 2016 56201 Niger 1992 56202 Niger 1998 56203 Niger 2006 56204 Niger 2012 56601 Nigeria 1990 56602 Nigeria 1999 56603 Nigeria 2003 56604 Nigeria 2008 56605 Nigeria 2013 58601 Pakistan 1990-91 58602 Pakistan 2006-07 58603 Pakistan 2012-13 58604 Pakistan 2017-18 60401 Peru 1991-92 60402 Peru 1996 60403 Peru 2000 60404 Peru 2004-08 60405 Peru 2010 60406 Peru 2011 60407 Peru 2012 64601 Rwanda 1992 64602 Rwanda 2000 64603 Rwanda 2005 64604 Rwanda 2010 64605 Rwanda 2014 68601 Senegal 1986 68602 Senegal 1992-93 68603 Senegal 1997 68604 Senegal 2005 68605 Senegal 2010-11 68606 Senegal 2012-13 68607 Senegal 2014 68608 Senegal 2015 68609 Senegal 2016 68610 Senegal 2017 71001 South Africa 1998 71002 South Africa 2016 71601 Zimbabwe 1988 71602 Zimbabwe 1994 71603 Zimbabwe 1999 71604 Zimbabwe 2005-6 71605 Zimbabwe 2010-11 71606 Zimbabwe 2015 72901 Sudan 1989-90 78801 Tunisia 1988 79201 Turkey 1993 79202 Turkey 1998 79203 Turkey 2003 80001 Uganda 1988 80002 Uganda 1995 80003 Uganda 2001 80004 Uganda 2006 80005 Uganda 2011 80006 Uganda 2016 81801 Egypt 1988 81802 Egypt 1992 81803 Egypt 1995 81804 Egypt 2000 81805 Egypt 2005 81806 Egypt 2008 81807 Egypt 2014 83401 Tanzania 1991 83402 Tanzania 1996 83403 Tanzania 1999 83404 Tanzania 2004 83405 Tanzania 2010 83406 Tanzania 2015 85401 Burkina Faso 1993 85402 Burkina Faso 1998 85403 Burkina Faso 2003 85404 Burkina Faso 2010 88701 Yemen 1991-92 88702 Yemen 2013 89401 Zambia 1992 89402 Zambia 1996 89403 Zambia 2001 89404 Zambia 2007 89405 Zambia 2013 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS IPUMS-DHS sample identifier (string) SAMPLESTR is a string variable that identifies the DHS sample from which the case is drawn. Each sample receives a unique 5-digit code. The first three digits are ISO/UN codes used in COUNTRY, and the last two digits identify the sample within the country, ordered by survey year. The related variable SAMPLE is a numeric variable that identifies the DHS sample with the same 5-digit code. 11603 Cambodia 2010 11602 Cambodia 2005 11601 Cambodia 2000 10803 Burundi 2016 10802 Burundi 2010 10801 Burundi 1987 10401 Myanmar 2015 05007 Bangladesh 2014 05006 Bangladesh 2011 05005 Bangladesh 2007 05004 Bangladesh 2004 05003 Bangladesh 1999-00 05001 Bangladesh 1994 05002 Bangladesh 1996-97 14801 Chad 1996-97 12004 Cameroon 2011 12003 Cameroon 2004 14803 Chad 2014 18001 Congo Democratic Republic 2007 18002 Congo Democratic Republic 2013-14 20401 Benin 1996 81807 Egypt 2014 81806 Egypt 2008 81805 Egypt 2005 81804 Egypt 2000 81803 Egypt 1995 81802 Egypt 1992 81801 Egypt 1988 80006 Uganda 2016 80005 Uganda 2011 80004 Uganda 2006 80003 Uganda 2001 80002 Uganda 1995 80001 Uganda 1988 79203 Turkey 2003 79202 Turkey 1998 79201 Turkey 1993 78801 Tunisia 1988 72901 Sudan 1989-90 71606 Zimbabwe 2015 71605 Zimbabwe 2010-11 71604 Zimbabwe 2005-6 71603 Zimbabwe 1999 71602 Zimbabwe 1994 71601 Zimbabwe 1988 71001 South Africa 1998 68610 Senegal 2017 68609 Senegal 2016 68608 Senegal 2015 68607 Senegal 2014 14802 Chad 2004 68606 Senegal 2012-13 68605 Senegal 2010-11 68604 Senegal 2005 68603 Senegal 1997 68602 Senegal 1992-93 68601 Senegal 1986 64605 Rwanda 2014 64604 Rwanda 2010 64603 Rwanda 2005 64602 Rwanda 2000 64601 Rwanda 1992 60407 Peru 2012 60406 Peru 2011 60405 Peru 2010 60404 Peru 2004-08 60403 Peru 2000 60402 Peru 1996 60401 Peru 1991-92 58603 Pakistan 2012-13 58602 Pakistan 2006-07 58601 Pakistan 1990-91 56605 Nigeria 2013 56604 Nigeria 2008 56603 Nigeria 2003 56602 Nigeria 1999 56601 Nigeria 1990 56204 Niger 2012 56203 Niger 2006 56202 Niger 1998 12002 Cameroon 1998 12001 Cameroon 1991 11604 Cambodia 2014 02401 Angola 2015 00401 Afghanistan 2015 00101 Model 2015 56201 Niger 1992 52404 Nepal 2011 52403 Nepal 2006 52402 Nepal 2001 52401 Nepal 1996 51604 Namibia 2013 51603 Namibia 2006 51602 Namibia 2000 51601 Namibia 1992 50803 Mozambique 2011 50802 Mozambique 2003 50801 Mozambique 1997 50403 Morocco 2003 50402 Morocco 1992 50401 Morocco 1987 46605 Mali 2012 46604 Mali 2006 46603 Mali 2001 46602 Mali 1995-6 46601 Mali 1987 45405 Malawi 2016 45404 Malawi 2010 45403 Malawi 2004 45402 Malawi 2000 45401 Malawi 1992 45004 Madagascar 2008 45003 Madagascar 2003 45002 Madagascar 1997 45001 Madagascar 1992 42603 Lesotho 2014 42602 Lesotho 2009 42601 Lesotho 2004 40406 Kenya 2014 40405 Kenya 2008-9 40404 Kenya 2003 40403 Kenya 1998 40402 Kenya 1993 40401 Kenya 1989 40006 Jordan 2012 40005 Jordan 2009 40004 Jordan 2007 40003 Jordan 2002 40002 Jordan 1997 40001 Jordan 1990 38403 Cote d'Ivoire 2011 38402 Cote d'Ivoire 1998 38401 Cote d'Ivoire 1994 35604 India 2015-16 35603 India 2005-06 35602 India 1998-99 35601 India 1992-93 32403 Guinea 2012 32402 Guinea 2005 32401 Guinea 1999 32003 Guatemala 2015 32002 Guatemala 1995 32001 Guatemala 1987 28806 Ghana 2014 28805 Ghana 2008 28804 Ghana 2003 28803 Ghana 1998 28802 Ghana 1993 28801 Ghana 1988 23104 Ethiopia 2016 23103 Ethiopia 2011 23102 Ethiopia 2005 23101 Ethiopia 2000 20404 Benin 2011 20403 Benin 2006 20402 Benin 2001 83401 Tanzania 1991 83402 Tanzania 1996 83403 Tanzania 1999 83404 Tanzania 2004 83405 Tanzania 2010 83406 Tanzania 2015 85401 Burkina Faso 1993 85402 Burkina Faso 1998 85403 Burkina Faso 2003 85404 Burkina Faso 2010 88701 Yemen 1991-92 88702 Yemen 2013 89401 Zambia 1992 89402 Zambia 1996 89403 Zambia 2001 89404 Zambia 2007 89405 Zambia 2013 40007 Jordan 2017 52405 Nepal 2016 58604 Pakistan 2017-18 71002 South Africa 2016 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Country COUNTRY reports the country where the survey was fielded. The codes assigned to each country are those used by the UN Statistics Division and the ISO (International Organization for Standardization). 001 Model 004 Afghanistan 024 Angola 050 Bangladesh 104 Myanmar 108 Burundi 116 Cambodia 120 Cameroon 148 Chad 180 Congo Democratic Republic 204 Benin 231 Ethiopia 288 Ghana 320 Guatemala 324 Guinea 356 India 384 Cote d'Ivoire 400 Jordan 404 Kenya 426 Lesotho 450 Madagascar 454 Malawi 466 Mali 504 Morocco 508 Mozambique 516 Namibia 524 Nepal 562 Niger 566 Nigeria 586 Pakistan 604 Peru 646 Rwanda 686 Senegal 710 South Africa 716 Zimbabwe 729 Sudan 788 Tunisia 792 Turkey 800 Uganda 818 Egypt 834 Tanzania 854 Burkina Faso 887 Yemen 894 Zambia Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Year of sample YEAR reports the year when the survey was fielded, as a four-digit variable. In some cases, the DHS was conducted over the course of two years (e.g., Ethiopia 2010-2011), but YEAR always gives a single year. For full information about the timing of the surveys, please consult the IPUMS-DHS Sample Descriptions page. 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 2017 2017 2018 2018 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Unique cross-sample respondent identifier IDHSPID is an identifying number unique to person in a given sample. It is a concatenation of SAMPLE and CASEID. IDHSPID is a 22-character string variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Unique cross-sample household identifier IDHSHID is an identifying number unique to a specific household in a given sample. It is a concatenation of SAMPLE, CLUSTERNO and HHNUM. IDHSHID is a 19-character string variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Key to link DHS clusters to context data (string) DHSID is the 14-character DHS identification code for DHS clusters constructed from the 2-character country code, the 4-digit survey year, and the 8-digit cluster identification number. DHSID is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample and uniquely identifies clusters across samples. It serves as the unique linking key between IPUMS-DHS microdata and DHS cluster shapefiles. This is a 14-digit numeric variable with 0 implied decimal places Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Unique sample-case PSU identifier IDHSPSU is an identifying number unique to the primary sampling unit in a given sample. This variable is a concatenation of SAMPLE (which uniquely identifies each country- and year-specific sample) and PSU (the numbered primary sampling units within a given sample). Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Unique cross-sample sampling strata IDHSSTRATA is an identifying number unique to the sampling strata in a given sample. This variable is a concatenation of SAMPLE (which uniquely identifies each country- and year-specific sample) and STRATA (groups of geographically similar areas, from which primary sampling units are drawn). Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific respondent identifier CASEID is the unique identifier for each woman in a given sample year. Using CASEID and CLUSTERNO, analysts can link IPUMS-DHS data to the original DHS datasets to attach variables that are not currently available in IPUMS-DHS. For example, researchers can use CASEID and CLUSTERNO to link variables from the IPUMS-DHS with other variables from the Woman's Recode file to merge country-specific variables, or to the Household or Couples Recode file to attach variables that are not yet part of IPUMS-DHS. In most samples, users can identify women who are in the same household by using the first 12 characters of CASEID (and CLUSTERNO (V001)), as this indicates a unique household identifier. CASEID is generally created by The DHS Program using the variables CLUSTERNO (V001), HHNUM (V002), and LINENO (V003), with the last three characters indicating the respondent's line number in the household file. For instructions on how to create links between IPUMS-DHS data and DHS source data, see the User Note on "Merging IDHS and DHS Data." [URL omitted from DDI.] CASEID is a 18-character string variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific household identifier HHID is an identifying number unique to each household in a given sample. HHID is a 15-character string variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific primary sampling unit PSU (V021) is the variable indicating the primary sampling unit or PSU. It should be used along with the variable DOMAIN (V023) to account for the impact of the sample design clustering on the variance estimates and standard errors. The DHS Recode Manuals for Phase 2 forward describe this variable as follows: Primary sampling unit is a number assigned to sample points to identify the primary sampling units for use in the calculation of sampling errors. This variable is usually the same as the cluster number and/or the ultimate area unit, but may differ if the sample design required a multistage selection process. See the notes on DHS webpage "Using sample weights" [URL omitted from DDI.] on variance estimation for additional information. PSU (V021) is a 6-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific sampling strata STRATA (V022) defines the pairings or groupings of primary sampling units used in the calculation of sampling errors when using the Taylor series expansion method. In two-stage sampling, The DHS Program may first group small geographic areas, such as enumeration areas from the last census, into broad strata defined jointly by region and urban versus rural areas within a region. In the second stage of sampling, a subset of geographic areas (sample clusters) are selected as the sites for interviewing from within defined strata. STRATA is not the same as DOMAIN (V023). (Domains represent statistically representative areas for which valid summary statistics can be calculated for a survey, such as provinces and national urban versus rural combined areas, as described in the survey's final report.) The DHS Program recommends using STRATA along with the variable PSU (V021) to account for the impact of the sample design clustering on the estimates of variance and standard errors. Users are strongly encouraged to review the FAQ section provided by The DHS Program on specifying stratification and clustering here [URL omitted from DDI.], using Stata or SPSS to account for sample design. STRATA (V022) is a 5-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific domain DOMAIN (V023) defines the basic geographic units for which the sample was designed to yield representative estimates. The DHS Recode Manual describes DOMAIN as follows: For example, if the sample was designed to be self-weighting within region, this variable would define those regions; if the sample was designed to be self-weighting within major urban areas, other urban areas and rural areas, this variable would define the major urban, other urban and rural areas. If the sample is self-weighted at the national level, this variable is code 0. When national estimates are desired, users should include survey design variables, including DOMAIN (V023) and PSU (V021), and the correct sample weights (e.g., PERWEIGHT (V005)) to adjust sampling errors to account for DHS' sample design. In most countries, DOMAIN defines the stratification for the sample (generally either regional or national). However, some countries use two levels of stratification, such as region and urban/rural areas. Users should check for the correct stratification design by consulting the Final Report(s) for the sample(s) of interest (particularly the Introduction and Sample Design sections and Implementation Appendix). DOMAIN is a 5-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Household number in cluster IDENTIFICATION DIVISION: DISTRICT: THANA: UNION OR WARD: VILLAGE OR MOHALLA OR BLOCK: CLUSTER NUMBER: HOUSEHOLD NUMBER: DHAKA/CHITTAGONG OR SMALL CITY OR TOWN OR VILLAGE? DHAKA OR CHITTAGONG 1 SMALL CITY 2 TOWN 3 VILLAGE 4 NAME OF HOUSEHOLD HEAD: NAME AND LINE NUMBER OF ELIGIBLE WOMAN: HHNUM (V002) is the number identifying the household in which the respondent was interviewed, within each sample. To identify unique households in most samples, researchers must use HHNUM with CLUSTERNO (V001). For most samples, HHNUM and CLUSTERNO can be used to merge IPUMS-DHS data from the women's file to DHS Household Recode files, to incorporate household variables not yet available in the IPUMS-DHS. However, in some household files, HHNUM and CLUSTERNO do not uniquely identify households in the DHS Household Recode file. For information about the IPUMS-DHS samples where HHNUM and CLUSTERNO are not sufficient to uniquely identify households, and for guidance on what further steps to take for linking files in such cases, please consult the User Note on Linking. [URL omitted from DDI.] HHNUM is a 4-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific cluster number IDENTIFICATION DIVISION: DISTRICT: THANA: UNION OR WARD: VILLAGE OR MOHALLA OR BLOCK: CLUSTER NUMBER: HOUSEHOLD NUMBER: DHAKA/CHITTAGONG OR SMALL CITY OR TOWN OR VILLAGE? DHAKA OR CHITTAGONG 1 SMALL CITY 2 TOWN 3 VILLAGE 4 NAME OF HOUSEHOLD HEAD: NAME AND LINE NUMBER OF ELIGIBLE WOMAN: CLUSTERNO (V001) reports the cluster number for the person's de facto residence. According to the DHS Sampling Manual, "A cluster is the smallest geographical survey statistical unit for DHS surveys. It consists of a number of adjacent households in a geographical area. For DHS surveys, a cluster corresponds either to an [enumeration area], or a segment of a large [enumeration area]." The most recent census for a country, which divided all territory into enumeration areas to ensure full coverage of the population, often provides the sampling frame for a DHS survey. CLUSTERNO is the variable indicating the primary sampling unit or PSU. It should be used along with the variable STRATA to account for the impact of the sample design clustering on the estimates of variance and standard errors. See the notes on DHS webpage "Use sample weights" [URL omitted from DDI.] on variance estimation for additional information. CLUSTERNO (V001) and HHNUM (V002) can be used to merge the women's individual recode file to the household recode file. See the DHS webpage Merging Datasets [URL omitted from DDI.] on variables to be used for linking data sets. CLUSTERNO is an 8 digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific ultimate area unit ULTAREAUNIT (V004) reports the ultimate area unit for the person's de facto residence. According to the DHS recode manuals, ULTAREAUNIT is a number assigned to each sample point to identify the ultimate area units in the collection of data. It is usually the same as the cluster number [CLUSTERNO (V001)], but may be a sequentially numbered variable for samples with a more complicated structure. ULTAREAUNIT can be used to account for the impact of the sampling design clustering on the variance estimates and standard errors. ULTAREAUNIT (V004) is a 4-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Household line number of woman respondent IDENTIFICATION DIVISION: DISTRICT: THANA: UNION OR WARD: VILLAGE OR MOHALLA OR BLOCK: CLUSTER NUMBER: HOUSEHOLD NUMBER: DHAKA/CHITTAGONG OR SMALL CITY OR TOWN OR VILLAGE? DHAKA OR CHITTAGONG 1 SMALL CITY 2 TOWN 3 VILLAGE 4 NAME OF HOUSEHOLD HEAD: NAME AND LINE NUMBER OF ELIGIBLE WOMAN: LINENO (V003) reports the number of the line on which the DHS interviewer recorded the woman's name, when filling out the household schedule. After asking "Please give me the names of the persons who usually live in your household or are staying with you now, starting with the head of the household," the interviewer recorded each name in turn on successively numbered lines printed on the household survey form. 001 1 002 2 003 3 004 4 005 5 006 6 007 7 008 8 009 9 010 10 011 11 012 12 013 13 014 14 015 15 016 16 017 17 018 18 019 19 020 20 021 21 022 22 023 23 024 24 025 25 026 26 027 27 028 28 029 29 030 30 031 31 032 32 033 33 034 34 035 35 036 36 037 37 038 38 039 39 040 40 041 41 042 42 043 43 044 44 045 45 046 46 047 47 048 48 049 49 050 50 051 51 052 52 053 53 054 54 055 55 056 56 057 57 058 58 059 59 060 60 061 61 062 62 063 63 064 64 065 65 066 66 067 67 068 68 069 69 070 70 071 71 072 72 073 73 074 74 075 75 076 76 077 77 078 78 079 79 080 80 081 81 082 82 083 83 084 84 085 85 086 86 087 87 088 88 089 89 090 90 091 91 092 92 093 93 094 94 095 95 096 96 097 97 098 98 099 99 100 100 101 101 102 102 103 103 104 104 105 105 106 106 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Respondent's line number (answering Household questionnaire) INTERVIEWER VISITS FIRST VISIT (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD VISITS) DATE INTERVIEWER'S NAME RESULT* 1 COMPLETED 2 NO HOUSEHOLD MEMBER AT HOME OR NO COMPETENT RESPONDENT AT HOME AT TIME OF VISIT 3 ENTIRE HOUSEHOLD ABSENT FOR EXTENDED PERIOD OF TIME 4 POSTPONED 5 REFUSED 6 DWELLING VACANT OR ADDRESS NOT A DWELLING 7 DWELLING DESTROYED 8 DWELLING NOT FOUND 9 OTHER (SPECIFY) NEXT VISIT DATE TIME FINAL VISIT DAY MONTH YEAR INTERVIEWER'S CODE RESULT* TOTAL NUMBER OF VISITS: TOTAL PERSONS IN HOUSEHOLD: TOTAL ELIGIBLE WOMEN: TOTAL ELIGIBLE MEN: LINE NUMBER OF RESPONDENT TO HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULE: LINENOHHRESP (HV003) reports the line number in the household schedule of the person responding to the questions asked in the household questionnaire. If nobody in the household was available for the interview, this variable is coded "00." 00 Not in household 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 98 Missing Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Household line number of respondent's husband 506. RECORD THE HUSBAND'S NAME AND LINE NUMBER FROM THE HOUSEHOLD QUESTIONNAIRE. IF HE IS NOT LISTED IN THE HOUSEHOLD, RECORD '00'. NAME ___ LINE NUMBER ___ LINENOHUS (V034) reports the number of the line on which the DHS interviewer recorded the name of the women's husband/partner, when filling out the household schedule. After asking "Please give me the names of the persons who usually live in your household or are staying with you now, starting with the head of the household," the interviewer recorded each name in turn on successively numbered lines printed on the household survey form. 00 Husband not in the household 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Maternity history index to birth history 403. LINE NUMBER FROM QUESTION 212 LINE NUMBER ___ MIDX reports the young child's line number in the woman respondent's maternity history. For children who are included in the maternity history (pregnancy and postnatal care section of the questionnaire, normally children under age 3, 4, or 5), the value of MIDX is the same as the child's line number in the birth history (BIDX). According to the DHS Recode Manuals, "For twins, the information in their entries will be identical for all variables relating to prenatal care." 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 9 NIU (not in universe) Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Birth history index number 212. What name was given to your (first/next) baby? NAME ___ BIDX reports the index number of the child in the mother's birth history, from 1 to n, where the nth birth is the mother's first birth, and 1 is the most recently born child. Up to 20 births could be reported by a woman. After asking "Now I would like to record the names of all your births, whether still alive or not, with the first one you had," the interviewer recorded each child's name in turn on successively numbered lines printed in the "Reproduction" section of the individual woman's questionnaire. Combined with CASEID, BIDX uniquely identifies children within a sample. Combined with IDHSPID, BIDX uniquely identifies children across samples. Using these variables, data users can link IPUMS-DHS data to original DHS child-level and birth-level datasets. 07 7 08 8 09 9 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 01 1 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Health history index to birth history SECTION 4B, IMMUNIZATION AND HEALTH 451. ENTER THE NAME, LINE NUMBER, AND SURVIVAL STATUS OF EACH BIRTH SINCE APRIL 1994 (BAISHAK 1401) IN THE TABLE. ASK THE QUESTIONS ABOUT ALL OF THESE BIRTHS. BEGIN WITH THE LAST BIRTH. (IF THERE ARE MORE THAN TWO BIRTHS, USE ADDITIONAL QUESTIONNAIRES). 452. LINE NUMBER FROM QUESTION 212: LINE NUMBER ___ HIDX reports the young child's line number in the woman respondent's health history section. For children who are included in the health history (normally, children under age 3, 4, or 5), the value of HIDX is the same as the child's line number in the birth history (BIDX). After asking, "Now I would like to record the names of all your births, whether still alive or not, with the first one you had," the interviewer recorded each child's name in turn on successively numbered lines printed in the "Reproduction" section of the individual woman's questionnaire. 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 6 6 5 5 4 4 3 3 2 2 1 1 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample weight for persons PERWEIGHT (V005) is an 8-digit variable with 6 implied decimal places, which should be used as a weighting factor to produce representative numbers accurately describing the surveyed population. While the DHS Recode Manuals direct the researcher to divide the original weight variable by 1,000,000 before applying the weighting factor to the original DHS data files, it is not necessary to modify the value of PERWEIGHT before applying this weight to cases in IPUMS-DHS. PERWEIGHT should be used to weight nearly all tabulations made using IPUMS-DHS data. Occasionally, as with the domestic violence variables, a subset of respondents are randomly selected to answer questions from a survey module, and a specialized weight such as DVWEIGHT should be used instead. Note: The 6 implied decimal places in PERWEIGHT mean that the last six digits of the eight-digit variable are decimal digits, but there is no actual decimal in the data. PERWEIGHT is an 8-digit numeric variable with 6 implied decimal places. See the variable description for directions on the use of PERWEIGHT. Weights and subsample selection Variables -- TOPICS All woman factor for total population AWFACTT is a 5-digit variable (in IPUMS-DHS) with 2 implied decimal places that is used to create total population estimates for all women of childbearing age, for those samples interviewing only ever-married women. A post from DHS senior staff member Tom Pullum on the DHS Users Forum explains, The all-woman factors are needed when you are trying to estimate something for all women, but you have to work with ever-married women because that's all you have in the sample. An example is when you want to estimate a fertility rate for all women but you only have the births and exposure for ever-married women. You have to assume that (a) never-married women have no births and (b) awfact/100 is a multiplier to inflate exposure for ever-married women to exposure for all women. For surveys that used a sampling frame of all women of childbearing age, AWFACTT has a value of 100 (or 1.00, with two decimal places), and thus has no effect on the survey statistics when used as a multiplier. For samples that included only ever-married women, AWFACTT serves as a multiplier to create total population figures for all women of childbearing age, following the assumptions noted above. The width of AWFACTT ranges from a low of 3 to a high of 5 in the original DHS files; see Comparability for further discussion. AWFACTT is a 5-digit numeric variable with 2 implied decimal places. See the variable description for directions on the use of AWFACTT. Weights and subsample selection Variables -- TOPICS Household selected for men's/husband's survey (individual-level) MENSELHH (HV027) indicates whether the respondent's household was selected for the men's or husband's survey. Samples including neither a men's survey nor a husband's survey are excluded from this variable in IPUMS-DHS. 0 Not selected 1 Selected for men's survey 2 Selected for husband's survey Weights and subsample selection Variables -- TOPICS Year of interview INTERVIEWER VISITS FIRST VISIT (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD VISITS) DATE INTERVIEWER'S NAME RESULT* 1 COMPLETED 2 NOT AT HOME 3 POSTPONED 4 REFUSED 5 PARTLY COMPLETED 6 RESPONDENT INCAPACITATED 7 OTHER (SPECIFY) NEXT VISIT DATE TIME FINAL VISIT DATE MONTH 01 JANUARY 02 FEBRUARY 03 MARCH 04 APRIL 05 MAY 06 JUNE 07 JULY 08 AUGUST 09 SEPTEMBER 10 OCTOBER 11 NOVEMBER 12 DECEMBER YEAR CODE RESULT* INTYEAR (V007) reports the year the interview took place. The dates reported in INTYEAR are based on the Gregorian calendar. Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Month of interview INTERVIEWER VISITS FIRST VISIT (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD VISITS) DATE INTERVIEWER'S NAME RESULT* 1 COMPLETED 2 NOT AT HOME 3 POSTPONED 4 REFUSED 5 PARTLY COMPLETED 6 RESPONDENT INCAPACITATED 7 OTHER (SPECIFY) NEXT VISIT DATE TIME FINAL VISIT DATE MONTH 01 JANUARY 02 FEBRUARY 03 MARCH 04 APRIL 05 MAY 06 JUNE 07 JULY 08 AUGUST 09 SEPTEMBER 10 OCTOBER 11 NOVEMBER 12 DECEMBER YEAR CODE RESULT* MONTHINT (V006) reports the month when the interview took place. 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Day of interview INTERVIEWER VISITS FIRST VISIT (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD VISITS) DATE INTERVIEWER'S NAME RESULT* 1 COMPLETED 2 NOT AT HOME 3 POSTPONED 4 REFUSED 5 PARTLY COMPLETED 6 RESPONDENT INCAPACITATED 7 OTHER (SPECIFY) NEXT VISIT DATE TIME FINAL VISIT DATE MONTH 01 JANUARY 02 FEBRUARY 03 MARCH 04 APRIL 05 MAY 06 JUNE 07 JULY 08 AUGUST 09 SEPTEMBER 10 OCTOBER 11 NOVEMBER 12 DECEMBER YEAR CODE RESULT* INTDAY (V016) reports the day of the month on which the interview took place. INTDAY uses dates expressed in the Gregorian calendar. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Century month date of interview INTERVIEWER VISITS FIRST VISIT (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD VISITS) DATE INTERVIEWER'S NAME RESULT* 1 COMPLETED 2 NOT AT HOME 3 POSTPONED 4 REFUSED 5 PARTLY COMPLETED 6 RESPONDENT INCAPACITATED 7 OTHER (SPECIFY) NEXT VISIT DATE TIME FINAL VISIT DATE MONTH 01 JANUARY 02 FEBRUARY 03 MARCH 04 APRIL 05 MAY 06 JUNE 07 JULY 08 AUGUST 09 SEPTEMBER 10 OCTOBER 11 NOVEMBER 12 DECEMBER YEAR CODE RESULT* INTDATECMC (V008) reports century month code for the date on which the interview took place. Century month codes (CMC) are particularly useful for checking the consistency of dates, calculating intervals between events, and imputing dates when the information for an event is missing or partially complete. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC minus ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006). [URL omitted from DDI.]. The century month codes reported in INTDATECMC are calculated using the Gregorian calculator. INTDATECMC (V008) is a 4-digit variable. Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Century month code (CMC) for start of survey INTSTARTCMC reports the century month code (CMC) for the first month the survey was fielded, according to the DHS Program website. The contextual variables in IPUMS DHS use the month in INTSTARTCMC as the month of the survey start date. The related variable INTENDCMC reports the century month code for the last month the survey was fielded, according to the DHS Program website. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006). [URL omitted from DDI.]. The century month codes reported in INTSTARTCMC are calculated using the Gregorian calculator. 1415 1415 1414 1414 1399 1399 1397 1397 1408 1408 1402 1402 1398 1398 1393 1393 1392 1392 1391 1391 1390 1390 1388 1388 1387 1387 1386 1386 1381 1381 1379 1379 1378 1378 1377 1377 1374 1374 1373 1373 1372 1372 1369 1369 1365 1365 1364 1364 1361 1361 1358 1358 1355 1355 1354 1354 1353 1353 1350 1350 1346 1346 1344 1344 1339 1339 1338 1338 1333 1333 1332 1332 1330 1330 1329 1329 1328 1328 1327 1327 1326 1326 1325 1325 1320 1320 1318 1318 1307 1307 1305 1305 1302 1302 1299 1299 1296 1296 1290 1290 1288 1288 1287 1287 1285 1285 1283 1283 1281 1281 1280 1280 1277 1277 1274 1274 1273 1273 1271 1271 1269 1269 1268 1268 1264 1264 1262 1262 1258 1258 1257 1257 1255 1255 1250 1250 1249 1249 1248 1248 1247 1247 1246 1246 1244 1244 1243 1243 1242 1242 1241 1241 1240 1240 1239 1239 1231 1231 1223 1223 1220 1220 1213 1213 1209 1209 1207 1207 1206 1206 1202 1202 1199 1199 1197 1197 1193 1193 1191 1191 1187 1187 1185 1185 1184 1184 1179 1179 1178 1178 1177 1177 1173 1173 1170 1170 1167 1167 1165 1165 1164 1164 1163 1163 1160 1160 1159 1159 1158 1158 1153 1153 1151 1151 1143 1143 1135 1135 1134 1134 1127 1127 1125 1125 1124 1124 1118 1118 1116 1116 1115 1115 1113 1113 1111 1111 1110 1110 1109 1109 1108 1108 1107 1107 1105 1105 1103 1103 1102 1102 1096 1096 1092 1092 1090 1090 1084 1084 1079 1079 1068 1068 1066 1066 1065 1065 1062 1062 1058 1058 1049 1049 1047 1047 1036 1036 Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Century month code (CMC) for end of survey INTENDCMC reports the century month code (CMC) for the last month the survey was fielded, according to the DHS Program website. The related variable INTSTARTCMC reports the century month code for the first month the survey was fielded, according to the DHS Program website. The contextual variables in IPUMS DHS use the month in INTSTARTCMC as the month of the survey start date. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006). [URL omitted from DDI.]. The century month codes reported in INTENDCMC are calculated using the Gregorian calculator. 1418 1418 1417 1417 1403 1403 1420 1420 1039 1039 1051 1051 1052 1052 1062 1062 1066 1066 1069 1069 1070 1070 1073 1073 1085 1085 1090 1090 1092 1092 1097 1097 1101 1101 1105 1105 1107 1107 1108 1108 1109 1109 1110 1110 1114 1114 1115 1115 1118 1118 1119 1119 1124 1124 1125 1125 1126 1126 1130 1130 1131 1131 1139 1139 1148 1148 1153 1153 1157 1157 1158 1158 1160 1160 1163 1163 1165 1165 1167 1167 1168 1168 1171 1171 1174 1174 1176 1176 1182 1182 1183 1183 1185 1185 1187 1187 1190 1190 1191 1191 1193 1193 1195 1195 1199 1199 1200 1200 1203 1203 1204 1204 1205 1205 1207 1207 1208 1208 1211 1211 1212 1212 1215 1215 1217 1217 1218 1218 1223 1223 1229 1229 1233 1233 1242 1242 1244 1244 1245 1245 1246 1246 1247 1247 1249 1249 1250 1250 1251 1251 1253 1253 1256 1256 1261 1261 1262 1262 1265 1265 1266 1266 1267 1267 1268 1268 1272 1272 1274 1274 1275 1275 1276 1276 1277 1277 1280 1280 1282 1282 1283 1283 1284 1284 1286 1286 1287 1287 1292 1292 1294 1294 1295 1295 1300 1300 1302 1302 1306 1306 1307 1307 1310 1310 1316 1316 1320 1320 1321 1321 1325 1325 1331 1331 1333 1333 1335 1335 1336 1336 1337 1337 1338 1338 1340 1340 1343 1343 1344 1344 1347 1347 1349 1349 1350 1350 1354 1354 1356 1356 1358 1358 1360 1360 1362 1362 1365 1365 1367 1367 1370 1370 1372 1372 1374 1374 1378 1378 1379 1379 1380 1380 1384 1384 1390 1390 1392 1392 1394 1394 1398 1398 1399 1399 1402 1402 1404 1404 1405 1405 1406 1406 1416 1416 Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Time interview started (hhmm - 24 hour clock) 101. RECORD THE TIME STARTED. HOUR ___ MINUTES ___ INTSTART (V801) reports the time of the start of the interview. The first two digits give the time in hours using the 24-hour clock, and the last two digits give the minutes within that hour. For example, a code of "1349" indicates the interview began at 1:49 P.M. 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Time interview ended (hhmm - 24 hour clock) 820. RECORD THE TIME. HOUR ___ MINUTES ___ INTEND (V802) reports the time of the end of the interview. The first two digits give the time in hours using the 24-hour clock, and the last two digits give the minutes within that hour. For example, a code of "1349" indicates the interview ended at 1:49 P.M. 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Length of interview (minutes) INTDURATION (V803) reports the duration of the female interview (in minutes). The duration is top-coded at 95 minutes. Interviews that required more than one visit (INTVISITNO (V804) are coded as "96" for "2+ visits." INTDURATION is calculated based on the interview's start and end times in INTSTART (V801) and INTEND (V802). 00 0 minutes 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 83 84 84 85 85 86 86 87 87 88 88 89 89 90 90 91 91 92 92 93 93 94 94 95 95+ 96 2+ visits 97 Inconsistent 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Number of visits for the interview INTVISITNO (V804) reports the number of visits required to complete the female interview. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Result of individual interview INTERVIEWER VISITS FIRST VISIT (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD VISITS) DATE INTERVIEWER'S NAME RESULT* 1 COMPLETED 2 NOT AT HOME 3 POSTPONED 4 REFUSED 5 PARTLY COMPLETED 6 RESPONDENT INCAPACITATED 7 OTHER (SPECIFY) NEXT VISIT DATE TIME FINAL VISIT DATE MONTH 01 JANUARY 02 FEBRUARY 03 MARCH 04 APRIL 05 MAY 06 JUNE 07 JULY 08 AUGUST 09 SEPTEMBER 10 OCTOBER 11 NOVEMBER 12 DECEMBER YEAR CODE RESULT* INTRESULT (V015) reports the result of the individual interview. Code 1 represents a completed interview. Only completed interview cases are included in the DHS women's individual recode files, which provide the source material for IPUMS-DHS. 7 Other 6 Respondent Incapacitated 5 Partly completed 4 Refused 3 Postponed 2 Not at home 1 Completed General technical Variables -- TOPICS Ever-married or all-women sample EVMARALLSAMP (V020) indicates whether the sample includes only ever-married women or includes all women of childbearing age. 1 All women sample 2 Ever-married women sample General technical Variables -- TOPICS Identification number of interviewer, women's survey INTERVIEWER VISITS FIRST VISIT (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD VISITS) DATE INTERVIEWER'S NAME RESULT* 1 COMPLETED 2 NOT AT HOME 3 POSTPONED 4 REFUSED 5 PARTLY COMPLETED 6 RESPONDENT INCAPACITATED 7 OTHER (SPECIFY) NEXT VISIT DATE TIME FINAL VISIT DATE MONTH 01 JANUARY 02 FEBRUARY 03 MARCH 04 APRIL 05 MAY 06 JUNE 07 JULY 08 AUGUST 09 SEPTEMBER 10 OCTOBER 11 NOVEMBER 12 DECEMBER YEAR CODE RESULT* INTERVIEWERIDIR (V028) reports the interviewer identification code for the interviewer conducting the individual women's interviews for women of childbearing age. Codes are country- and sample-specific; a given numeric code in one survey refers to a different person than the same numeric code in another survey. Numbering of interviewer codes is not necessarily consecutive; some surveys use "0" as an identification code, for example, while others begin with a 3-digit number. Using the interviewer identification codes, researchers can evaluate whether the quality of responses (e.g., the number of "missing" cases) depended on the person conducting the interview. General technical Variables -- TOPICS Identification number of interviewer, household survey INTERVIEWER VISITS FIRST VISIT (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD VISITS) DATE INTERVIEWER'S NAME RESULT* 1 COMPLETED 2 NO HOUSEHOLD MEMBER AT HOME OR NO COMPETENT RESPONDENT AT HOME AT TIME OF VISIT 3 ENTIRE HOUSEHOLD ABSENT FOR EXTENDED PERIOD OF TIME 4 POSTPONED 5 REFUSED 6 DWELLING VACANT OR ADDRESS NOT A DWELLING 7 DWELLING DESTROYED 8 DWELLING NOT FOUND 9 OTHER (SPECIFY) NEXT VISIT DATE TIME FINAL VISIT DAY MONTH YEAR INTERVIEWER'S CODE RESULT* TOTAL NUMBER OF VISITS: TOTAL PERSONS IN HOUSEHOLD: TOTAL ELIGIBLE WOMEN: TOTAL ELIGIBLE MEN: LINE NUMBER OF RESPONDENT TO HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULE: INTERVIEWERIDHH (HV018) reports the interviewer identification code for the interviewer conducting the household survey. Codes are country- and sample-specific; a given numeric code in one survey refers to a different person than the same numeric code in another survey. Numbering of interviewer codes is not necessarily consecutive; some surveys use "0" as an identification code, for example, while others begin with a 3-digit number. Using the interviewer identification codes, researchers can evaluate whether the quality of responses (e.g., the number of "missing" cases) depended on the person conducting the interview. General technical Variables -- TOPICS Urban-rural status IDENTIFICATION DIVISION: DISTRICT: THANA: UNION OR WARD: VILLAGE OR MOHALLA OR BLOCK: CLUSTER NUMBER: HOUSEHOLD NUMBER: DHAKA/CHITTAGONG OR SMALL CITY OR TOWN OR VILLAGE? DHAKA OR CHITTAGONG 1 SMALL CITY 2 TOWN 3 VILLAGE 4 NAME OF HOUSEHOLD HEAD: NAME AND LINE NUMBER OF ELIGIBLE WOMAN: URBAN (V025) indicates whether the person's de facto residence was in an urban or rural location. The definition of urban varies across countries. See Comparability. 2 Rural 1 Urban Geography, general Variables -- TOPICS De facto place of residence DEFACTORES (V026) reports the type of place--city, town, or countryside--where the person was interviewed. 10 City 11 Capital or other large city 12 Other city 20 Town or countryside 21 Town 22 Countryside Geography, general Variables -- TOPICS Years lived in place of residence 103. How long have you been living continuously in (NAME OF CURRENT PLACE OF RESIDENCE)? NUMBER OF YEARS ___ ALWAYS 95 (GO TO 105) VISITOR 96 (GO TO 105) RESIDEINTYR (V104) reports the number of years the woman had been living continuously in the village, town, or city where she was interviewed. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 95 Always 96 Visitor 97 Inconsistent 98 Missing Migration Variables -- TOPICS Type of place of previous residence 104. Just before you moved here, did you live in a city, a town, or in the countryside? CITY 1 TOWN 2 COUNTRYSIDE 3 PREVRESTYP (V105) reports the type of place--city, town, countryside, or a site abroad--where the person lived just before moving to the current place of residence. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Missing 30 Other or abroad 20 Town or countryside 12 Other city 11 Capital or other large city 10 City 31 Abroad 21 Town 22 Countryside 32 Separated camp 33 Tribal area 34 Informal settlement 39 Other, unspecified Migration Variables -- TOPICS Childhood place of residence 102. First I would like to ask some questions about you and your household. For most of the time until you were 12 years old, did you live in a city, in a town, or in the countryside? CITY 1 TOWN 2 COUNTRYSIDE 3 KIDRESTYP (V103) reports the type of place--city, town, countryside, or somewhere abroad--where the woman lived for most of her childhood (usually defined as prior to age 12). Due to country- and survey-level variation in data collection, IPUMS-DHS uses composite coding to maximize comparability across samples for this variable. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Missing 30 Other 20 Town or countryside 13 Other city or town 12 Other city 11 Capital or large city 10 City 31 Abroad 21 Town 22 Countryside Migration Variables -- TOPICS Bangladesh regions, 1994-2014 [integrated; GIS] IDENTIFICATION DIVISION: DISTRICT: THANA: UNION OR WARD: VILLAGE OR MOHALLA OR BLOCK: CLUSTER NUMBER: HOUSEHOLD NUMBER: REGION: DHAKA/CHITTAGONG OR SMALL CITY OR TOWN OR VILLAGE? DHAKA OR CHITTAGONG 1 SMALL CITY 2 TOWN 3 VILLAGE 4 GEO_BD1994_2014 indicates the region of Bangladesh where the respondent was interviewed. The variable is integrated to yield units with consistent boundaries across samples. Labels identify the modern geographic units (divisions) contained in each integrated region. Each sample also has its own non-integrated geography variable. An integrated GIS map (in shapefile format) for Bangladesh can be downloaded here [URL omitted from DDI.]. 8 Missing 1 Barisal 2 Chittagong and Sylhet 3 Dhaka 4 Khulna 5 Rajshahi and Rangpur Integrated geography Variables -- TOPICS Bangladesh regions, 2000 [GIS] IDENTIFICATION DIVISION: DISTRICT: THANA: UNION OR WARD: VILLAGE OR MOHALLA OR BLOCK: CLUSTER NUMBER: HOUSEHOLD NUMBER: REGION: DHAKA/CHITTAGONG OR SMALL CITY OR TOWN OR VILLAGE? DHAKA OR CHITTAGONG 1 SMALL CITY 2 TOWN 3 VILLAGE 4 GEO_BD2000 (V101_BD2000) indicates the region of Bangladesh where the respondent was interviewed. DHS regions in the 2000 Bangladesh survey are equivalent to divisions. Other sample years have their own sample-specific geography variables. There is also an integrated variable, GEO_BD1994_2014, that provides spatially consistent units over time. A GIS map for GEO_BD2000 (in shapefile format) can be downloaded from the DHS Program Spatial Data Repository [URL omitted from DDI.] Boundaries page. 6 Sylhet 5 Rajshahi 4 Khulna 3 Dhaka 2 Chittagong 1 Barisal Single sample geography Variables -- TOPICS DHS-IPUMS-I Bangladesh regions, 1991-2014 IDENTIFICATION DIVISION: DISTRICT: THANA: UNION OR WARD: VILLAGE OR MOHALLA OR BLOCK: CLUSTER NUMBER: HOUSEHOLD NUMBER: REGION: DHAKA/CHITTAGONG OR SMALL CITY OR TOWN OR VILLAGE? DHAKA OR CHITTAGONG 1 SMALL CITY 2 TOWN 3 VILLAGE 4 DHS_IPUMSI_BD provides geographic codes for Bangladesh that match those in the DHS and IPUMS-International [URL omitted from DDI.] databases. This variable can be used to link contextual area data from IPUMS-DHS to IPUMS-International or vice versa. The codes in DHS_IPUMSI_BD indicate the major administrative unit in which the household was enumerated or surveyed. GIS shapefiles for Bangladesh can be downloaded here [URL omitted from DDI.]. 1 Barisal 2 Chittagong and Sylhet 3 Dhaka 4 Khulna 5 Rajshahi and Rangpur IPUMS International geography Variables -- TOPICS Age 106. How old are you at your last birthday? COMPARE AND CORRECT 105 AND/OR 106 IF INCONSISTENT. AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS ___ AGE (V012) reports the woman's age. DHS surveys collect information about the woman's age through questions about age at last birthday and date of birth. DHS Recode Manuals provide the following information about how the AGE variable is calculated: Current age in completed years is calculated from the century month code of the date of birth of the respondent (V011) and the century month code of the date of interview (V008). In a few cases the age in the data file will be different from that reported by the respondent when the respondent's birthday was in the month of interview, but she had not yet had her birthday. If the respondent correctly reported her age at her last birthday (and not her age at her next birthday) then the calculated age was rounded up from the reported age, to avoid inconsistencies between the age and the century month code for the birth. 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Age in 5 year groups AGE5YEAR (V013) reports the woman's age in 5-year groups, based on data from the AGE (V012) variable. The age range of women interviewed varies across samples. See Comparability. 10 10 to 14 11 10 to 14 12 12 to 14 13 13 to 14 20 15-19 30 20-24 40 25-29 50 30-34 60 35-39 70 40-44 80 45-49 90 50+ 91 50-54 92 55-59 93 60-64 Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Woman's month of birth 105. In what month and year were you born? MONTH ___ DON'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ___ DON'T KNOW YEAR 9998 BIRTHMO (V009) reports the woman's month of birth. 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Woman's year of birth 105. In what month and year were you born? MONTH ___ DON'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ___ DON'T KNOW YEAR 9998 BIRTHYEAR (V010) reports the woman's year of birth. 1995 1995 1994 1994 1993 1993 1992 1992 1991 1991 1990 1990 1989 1989 1988 1988 1987 1987 1986 1986 1985 1985 1984 1984 1983 1983 1982 1982 1981 1981 1980 1980 1979 1979 1978 1978 1977 1977 1976 1976 1975 1975 1974 1974 1973 1973 1972 1972 1971 1971 1970 1970 1969 1969 1968 1968 1967 1967 1966 1966 1965 1965 1964 1964 1963 1963 1962 1962 1961 1961 1960 1960 1959 1959 1958 1958 1957 1957 1956 1956 1955 1955 1954 1954 1953 1953 1952 1952 1951 1951 1950 1950 1949 1949 1948 1948 1947 1947 1946 1946 1945 1945 1944 1944 1943 1943 1942 1942 1941 1941 1940 1940 1939 1939 1938 1938 1937 1937 1936 1936 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Respondent's date of birth, in century months 105. In what month and year were you born? MONTH ___ DON'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ___ DON'T KNOW YEAR 9998 DOBCMC (V011) reports the century month code (CMC) for the woman's date of birth. Century month codes (CMC) are particularly useful for checking the consistency of dates, calculating intervals between events, and imputing dates when the information for an event is missing or partially complete. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006) [URL omitted from DDI.]. DOBCMC (V011) is a 4-digit variable. Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Information given on respondent's date of birth DOBINFORESP (V014) reports the completeness of information about the respondent's age and date of birth. A code of 0 indicates the month and the year were reported, and no data were imputed. 1 Month and year 2 Month and age, year imputed 3 Year and age, month imputed 4 Year and age, year ignored 5 Year only, age and month imputed 6 Age only, year and month imputed 7 Month only, age and year imputed 8 Season and year 9 None reported, all imputed Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Usual resident or visitor 5. RESIDENCE: Does (NAME) usually live her? YES 1 NO 2 RESIDENT (V135) indicates whether the woman was a usual resident of the household or was just visiting there. As defined by the RESIDENT variable, a visitor could potentially reside in the city, town, or village where the interview took place but would have answered "No" to the question, "Does (NAME) usually live here [in this dwelling unit]?" on the household questionnaire. 1 Usual resident 2 Visitor 8 Missing Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Respondent's relationship to HH head 3. RELATIONSHIP TO HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD: What is the relationship of (NAME) to the head of the household? 01 HEAD 02 WIFE OR HUSBAND 03 SON OR DAUGHTER 04 SON-IN-LAW OR DAUGHTER-IN-LAW 05 GRANDCHILD 06 PARENT 07 PARENT-IN-LAW 09 BROTHER OR SISTER 10 OTHER RELATIVE 11 ADOPTED OR FOSTER OR STEPCHILD 12 NOT RELATED 98 DON'T KNOW RELATE (V150) reports the woman's relationship to the head of the household, based on a question in the household questionnaire. 01 Head 02 Wife 03 Daughter or son 04 Daughter- or son-in-law 05 Grandchild 06 Mother or father 07 Parent-in-law 08 Sister or brother 09 Co-spouse 10 Adopted/foster/step child 11 Adopted/foster child 12 Stepchild 20 Other relative 21 Niece or nephew by blood 22 Niece or nephew by marriage 23 Niece or nephew unspecified 24 Sibling-in-law 25 Aunt or uncle 26 Grandparent 30 Nonrelative 31 Domestic servant/employee 32 Herdboy 97 Don't know 98 Missing Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Currently pregnant 226. Are you pregnant now? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 229) UNSURE 8 (GO TO 229) PREGNANT (V213) indicates whether the respondent is currently pregnant. 0 No/unsure 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Duration of current pregnancy 227. How many months pregnant are you? RECORD NUMBER OF COMPLETED MONTHS. ENTER 'P'S IN COLUMN 1 OF CALENDAR, BEGINNING WITH THE MONTH OF INTERVIEW AND FOR THE TOTAL NUMBER OF COMPLETED MONTHS. MONTHS ___ For currently pregnant women, DURCURPREG (V214) reports the imputed duration of the woman's current pregnancy. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Association member: Grameen Bank (Bangladesh) 118. Do you belong to any of the following organizations? Grameen Bank? YES 1 NO 2 BRAC? YES 1 NO 2 BRDB? YES 1 NO 2 Mother's club? YES 1 NO 2 Any other organization (such as micro credit)? YES (SPECIFY) 1 NO 2 ASSOCBD1 indicates whether the respondent is a member of Grameen Bank, a microfinance organization and community development bank. This variable is country-specific to Bangladesh. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Association member: BRAC (Bangladesh) 118. Do you belong to any of the following organizations? Grameen Bank? YES 1 NO 2 BRAC? YES 1 NO 2 BRDB? YES 1 NO 2 Mother's club? YES 1 NO 2 Any other organization (such as micro credit)? YES (SPECIFY) 1 NO 2 ASSOCBD2 indicates whether the respondent is a member of BRAC (Building Resources Across Communities), an international development organization. This variable is country-specific to Bangladesh. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Association member: BRDB (Bangladesh) 118. Do you belong to any of the following organizations? Grameen Bank? YES 1 NO 2 BRAC? YES 1 NO 2 BRDB? YES 1 NO 2 Mother's club? YES 1 NO 2 Any other organization (such as micro credit)? YES (SPECIFY) 1 NO 2 ASSOCBD3 indicates whether the respondent is a member of BRDB (Bangladesh Rural Development Board), the government board responsible for rural development. From 1972 to 1982, BRDB was known as BRDP (Bangladesh Rural Development Programme). This variable is country-specific to Bangladesh. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Association member: Mother's club (Bangladesh) 118. Do you belong to any of the following organizations? Grameen Bank? YES 1 NO 2 BRAC? YES 1 NO 2 BRDB? YES 1 NO 2 Mother's club? YES 1 NO 2 Any other organization (such as micro credit)? YES (SPECIFY) 1 NO 2 ASSOCBD4 indicates whether the respondent is a member of a mother's club. This variable is country-specific to Bangladesh. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Association member: Other 118. Do you belong to any of the following organizations? Grameen Bank? YES 1 NO 2 BRAC? YES 1 NO 2 BRDB? YES 1 NO 2 Mother's club? YES 1 NO 2 Any other organization (such as micro credit)? YES (SPECIFY) 1 NO 2 ASSOCOTH indicates whether the respondent is a member of some other organization. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific categories included in a particular sample. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 7 Don't know Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Religion 115. What is your religion? ISLAM 1 HINDUISM 2 BUDDHISM 3 CHRISTIANITY 4 OTHER (SPECIFY) 6 RELIGION (V130) reports the respondent's religion. While the categories and codes for the religion variable in the original DHS files are country-specific, IPUMS-DHS uses a 4-digit composite coding system to fit these diverse categories into a single variable without losing information. Â See Comparability. 0000 NO RELIGION 1000 MUSLIM 2000 CHRISTIAN 2100 Catholic 2200 Orthodox 2300 Protestant 2310 Lutheran 2320 Anglican 2330 Presbyterian 2340 Baptist/Seventh-day Adventist 2341 Baptist 2342 Seventh-day Adventist 2350 Apostolic 2360 Salvation Army 2370 Methodist 2380 Pentacostal-based 2381 Pentacostal 2382 Celestial Church of Christ 2383 Universal 2384 Assemblies of God 2390 Other Protestant 2391 Evangelical 2392 Lesotho Evangelical Church 2393 Kimbanguist (Congo, Democratic Republic) 2400 Nontrinitarian 2410 Jehovah's Witness 2900 Other Christian, country-specific 2901 African Zionist (Mozambique) 2902 Mammon (Uganda) 3000 BUDDHIST/NEO-BUDDHIST 3100 Buddhist 4000 HINDU 5000 JEWISH 6000 TRADITIONAL/SPIRITUAL/ANIMIST 6100 Traditional 6200 Spiritual 6300 Animist 6400 Specified Traditional 6401 Donyi-Polo 6402 Sanamahi 6403 Vodun 7000 OTHER (SPECIFIED) 7100 Baha'i 7200 Sikh 7300 Zoroastrian 7400 Jain 7900 Country-specific other 7901 Sect (Burundi) 7902 Bundu dia Kongo (Congo, Democratic Republic) 7903 Vuvamu (Congo, Democratic Republic) 7904 Kirat Mundhum (Nepal) 9000 OTHER 9001 Religion 1 9002 Religion 2 9003 Religion 3 9004 Religion 4 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Ethnicity and religion Variables -- TOPICS Woman's current marital or union status 106A. Are you now married, widowed, or divorced? CURRENTLY MARRIED 1 SEPARATED 2 DESERTED 3 DIVORCED 4 WIDOWED 5 NEVER MARRIED 6 (GO TO END) MARSTAT (V501) reports the woman's current marital status. Response categories and question wording vary across surveys. See Comparability. 10 Never married 20 Married or living together 21 Married 22 Living together 30 Formerly in union 31 Widowed 32 Divorced 33 Separated/not living together 98 Missing 11 Unconsummated marriage 34 Deserted Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Woman never, currently, or formerly married 106A. Are you now married, widowed, or divorced? CURRENTLY MARRIED 1 SEPARATED 2 DESERTED 3 DIVORCED 4 WIDOWED 5 NEVER MARRIED 6 (GO TO END) CURRMARR (V502) reports the woman's marital/union status as "Never married," "Currently married," or "Formerly married." "Never married" includes women who have never lived with a partner. "Currently married" includes women who are married and those who are not formally married but are living with a partner. "Formerly married" includes women who are widowed, divorced, or separated, or who have formerly lived with a partner. For samples restricted to ever-married women, only women who are formally married (not cohabiting) are included as "married." 0 Never married 1 Currently married 2 Formerly married 8 Missing Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Woman had one or more than one union 507. Have you been married or lived with a man only once, or more than once? ONCE 1 MORE THAN ONCE 2 For women who had ever been married or lived with a man, UNION1MORE (V503) indicates whether the respondent had been in one or more than one marriage/union. 0 One 1 More than one 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Age at first marriage or cohabitation 509. How old were you when you started living with him? AGE ___ AGEFRSTMAR (V511) reports the woman's age at the start of her first marriage or union. This usually refers to when the woman first started to live with her first husband or partner. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, "Age at start of first marriage or union is calculated from the century month code of the date of start of first marriage or union and the century month code of the date of birth of the respondent." 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 96 Marriage not consummated 97 Inconsistent 98 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Age of husband/partner 802. How old was your husband or partner on his last birthday? AGE ___ HUSAGE (V730) reports the age of the woman's husband or co-resident partner. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Missing 97 Don't know 96 Inconsistent 95 95+ 94 94 93 93 92 92 91 91 90 90 89 89 88 88 87 87 86 86 85 85 84 84 83 83 82 82 81 81 80 80 79 79 78 78 77 77 76 76 75 75 74 74 73 73 72 72 71 71 70 70 69 69 68 68 67 67 66 66 65 65 64 64 63 63 62 62 61 61 60 60 59 59 58 58 57 57 56 56 55 55 54 54 53 53 52 52 51 51 50 50 49 49 48 48 47 47 46 46 45 45 44 44 43 43 42 42 41 41 40 40 39 39 38 38 37 37 36 36 35 35 34 34 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Marital or cohabitation duration (grouped) 508. CHECK 507: MARRIED ONLY ONCE: In what month and year did you start living with your husband? MARRIED MORE THAN ONCE: Now we will talk about your first husband. In what month and year did you start living with him? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ___ (GO TO 510) DON'T KNOW YEAR 9998 DURMARGRP (V513) reports the number of years elapsed since the woman's first marriage or cohabiting union until the date of the survey interview, in five-year groups. The duration is reported irrespective of whether the respondent is still married or in a union with her first partner. 00 Never married 01 0 to 4 02 5 to 9 03 10 to 14 04 15 to 19 05 20 to 24 06 25 to 29 07 30+ 96 Marriage not consummated 98 Missing Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Month of first marriage or cohabitation 508. CHECK 507: MARRIED ONLY ONCE: In what month and year did you start living with your husband? MARRIED MORE THAN ONCE: Now we will talk about your first husband. In what month and year did you start living with him? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ___ (GO TO 510) DON'T KNOW YEAR 9998 For women who had ever been married or lived with a man, MAR1STMO (V507) reports the month of their first marriage or (for most samples) unmarried cohabitation. The year of the woman's first marriage/union is reported in MAR1STYR (V508). 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Marriage not consummated 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Year of first marriage or cohabitation 508. CHECK 507: MARRIED ONLY ONCE: In what month and year did you start living with your husband? MARRIED MORE THAN ONCE: Now we will talk about your first husband. In what month and year did you start living with him? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ___ (GO TO 510) DON'T KNOW YEAR 9998 For women who had ever been married or lived with a man, MAR1STYR (V508) reports the year of their first marriage or (for most samples) unmarried cohabitation. The month of the woman's first marriage/union is reported in MAR1STMO (V507). 1943 1943 1944 1944 1945 1945 1946 1946 1947 1947 1948 1948 1949 1949 1950 1950 1951 1951 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 2017 2017 2018 2018 9996 Marriage not consummated 9997 Inconsistent 9998 Don't know 9999 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Years since starting date of 1st marriage or union 508. CHECK 507: MARRIED ONLY ONCE: In what month and year did you start living with your husband? MARRIED MORE THAN ONCE: Now we will talk about your first husband. In what month and year did you start living with him? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ___ (GO TO 510) DON'T KNOW YEAR 9998 For women who had ever been married or lived with a man, YRSTO1STMAR (V512) reports the number of years from the start of the woman's first marriage/union to the date of the survey interview. The calculation is made using century month codes for both dates. For the month and year of first marriage/union, see MAR1STMO (V507) and MAR1STYR (V508) respectively. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 98 Marriage not consummated 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Date of first marriage or cohabitation (CMC) 508. CHECK 507: MARRIED ONLY ONCE: In what month and year did you start living with your husband? MARRIED MORE THAN ONCE: Now we will talk about your first husband. In what month and year did you start living with him? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ___ (GO TO 510) DON'T KNOW YEAR 9998 MAR1STCMC (V509) reports the century month code (CMC) for the date of the woman's first marriage or cohabitation. Century month codes (CMC) are particularly useful checking the consistency of dates, calculating intervals between events, and imputing dates when the information for an event is missing or partially complete. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006) [URL omitted from DDI.]. 9996 Not consummated 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information, date of first marriage/union 508. CHECK 507: MARRIED ONLY ONCE: In what month and year did you start living with your husband? MARRIED MORE THAN ONCE: Now we will talk about your first husband. In what month and year did you start living with him? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ___ (GO TO 510) DON'T KNOW YEAR 9998 MAR1STDATINFO (V510) reports the completeness of information for the date of the woman's first marriage or cohabitation. See Comparability. 01 Month and year reported 02 Month and age reported, year imputed 03 Year and age reported, month imputed 05 Year reported, age and month imputed 06 Age reported, year and month imputed 08 Month reported, age and year imputed 09 Year and age reported, year ignored 10 Season and year reported 11 All values imputed 99 NIU (not in universe) 12 All reported, inconsistent Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Months between respondent's 1st marriage and 1st birth 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ MARTO1STBORNMO (V221) reports the number of months between the woman's first marriage (i.e., formal marriage or first episode of living with a man) and her first birth. For women whose first birth occurred before their first marriage, this variable is coded as '998.' 998 First birth prior to first marriage 999 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Husband/partner lives in woman's household 505. Is your husband staying with you now or is he staying elsewhere? STAYING WITH HER 1 STAYING ELSEWHERE 2 For women who were currently married or living with a man, HUSBINHOME (V504) indicates whether the husband/partner lived with the woman or stayed elsewhere. 0 Living with woman 1 Staying elsewhere 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Total children ever born 209. CHECK 208: Just to make sure that I have this right: you have had in TOTAL ___ births during your life. Is that correct? YES (GO TO 210) NO (PROBE AND CORRECT 201-208 AS NECESSARY) CHEB (V201) reports the total number of children ever born to the respondent. The number reported in CHEB is the sum of a series of variables covering the total number of sons and daughters who are living at home, living away from home, or who have died (V202 to V207). The number of births reported in CHEB will match the number of entries in the birth history (V224) for up to 20 births. If the woman reported more than 20 births, then the number for CHEB will exceed the number of births in the birth history, but such cases are rare. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 98 Missing 99 NIU (Not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of entries in the birth history TOTBIRTHIST (V224) reports the number of entries in the woman respondent's birth history. For up to 20 births, the birth history contains information for each of the respondent's births. In those rare cases when the respondent had more than 20 births, the birth history lists the last 19 births and the first birth. In cases where the women had fewer than 20 births, the number reported in TOTBIRTHIST will match the number reported in CHEB (V201), the total number of children ever born to the respondent. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of own sons living at home 203. How many sons live with you? And how many daughters live with you? IF NONE, RECORD "00". SONS AT HOME ___ DAUGHTERS AT HOME ___ SONSATHOME (V202) reports the number of sons to whom the woman has given birth who are currently living with her. The related variable SONSAWAYHOME (V204) reports the number of sons to whom the woman has given birth and are still alive, but who are not currently living with her. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of own daughters living at home 203. How many sons live with you? And how many daughters live with you? IF NONE, RECORD "00". SONS AT HOME ___ DAUGHTERS AT HOME ___ DAUSATHOME (V203) reports the number of daughters to whom the woman has given birth who are currently living with her. The related variable DAUSAWAYHOME (V205) reports the number of daughters to whom the woman has given birth and are still alive, but who are not currently living with her. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of own sons living away from home 205. How many sons are alive but do not live with you? And how many daughters are alive but do not live with you? SONS ELSEWHERE ___ DAUGHTERS ELSEWHERE ___ SONSAWAYHOME (V204) reports the number of sons to whom the woman has given birth who are still alive, but who are not currently living with her. The related variable SONSATHOME (V202) reports the number of sons to whom the woman has given birth who are still alive, and who are currently living with her. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of own daughters living away from home 205. How many sons are alive but do not live with you? And how many daughters are alive but do not live with you? SONS ELSEWHERE ___ DAUGHTERS ELSEWHERE ___ DAUSAWAYHOME (V205) reports the number of daughters to whom the woman has given birth who are still alive, but who are not currently living with her. The related variable DAUSATHOME (V203) reports the number of daughters to whom the woman has given birth who are still alive, and who are currently living with her. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of own sons who have died 207. In all, how many boys have died? And how many girls have died? IF NONE, RECORD "00". BOYS DEAD ___ GIRLS DEAD ___ SONSDIED (V206) reports the number of sons to whom the woman has given birth who have died. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of own daughters who have died 207. In all, how many boys have died? And how many girls have died? IF NONE, RECORD "00". BOYS DEAD ___ GIRLS DEAD ___ DAUSDIED (V207) reports the number of daughters to whom the woman has given birth who have died. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of births in last 5 years 225. FOR EACH BIRTH SINCE APRIL 1994 OR BAISHAK 1401, ENTER 'B' IN THE MONTH OF BIRTH IN COLUMN 1 OF THE CALENDAR. FOR EACH BIRTH, ASK THE NUMBER OF MONTHS THE PREGNANCY LASTED AND RECORD 'P' IN EACH OF THE PRECEDING MONTHS ACCORDING TO THE DURATION OF PREGNANCY. (NOTE: THE NUMBER 'P'S MUST BE ONE LESS THAN THE NUMBER OF MONTHS THAT THE PREGNANCY LASTED). WRITE THE NAME OF THE CHILD TO THE LEFT OF THE 'B' CODE. BIRTHSIN5YRS (V208) reports the number of births the woman had in the five years prior to the survey. This statistic is calculated based on the total number of births in the 0 to 59 months prior to the month of the interview. 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 8 7 7 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of births in the past year 225. FOR EACH BIRTH SINCE APRIL 1994 OR BAISHAK 1401, ENTER 'B' IN THE MONTH OF BIRTH IN COLUMN 1 OF THE CALENDAR. FOR EACH BIRTH, ASK THE NUMBER OF MONTHS THE PREGNANCY LASTED AND RECORD 'P' IN EACH OF THE PRECEDING MONTHS ACCORDING TO THE DURATION OF PREGNANCY. (NOTE: THE NUMBER 'P'S MUST BE ONE LESS THAN THE NUMBER OF MONTHS THAT THE PREGNANCY LASTED). WRITE THE NAME OF THE CHILD TO THE LEFT OF THE 'B' CODE. BIRTHSIN1YR (V209) reports the number of births the woman had in the year prior to the survey. This statistic is calculated based on the total number of births in the months 0 to 12 (not 0 to 11) prior to the month of the interview. For example, if the survey were given in January, BIRTHSIN1YR would report the number of births the woman had between the time of the survey and the previous January. 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Total number of births in month of interview 225. FOR EACH BIRTH SINCE APRIL 1994 OR BAISHAK 1401, ENTER 'B' IN THE MONTH OF BIRTH IN COLUMN 1 OF THE CALENDAR. FOR EACH BIRTH, ASK THE NUMBER OF MONTHS THE PREGNANCY LASTED AND RECORD 'P' IN EACH OF THE PRECEDING MONTHS ACCORDING TO THE DURATION OF PREGNANCY. (NOTE: THE NUMBER 'P'S MUST BE ONE LESS THAN THE NUMBER OF MONTHS THAT THE PREGNANCY LASTED). WRITE THE NAME OF THE CHILD TO THE LEFT OF THE 'B' CODE. BIRTHSIN1MO (V210) reports the total number of births the woman had in the month of interview. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Date of respondent's first birth, in century months 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DOB1STKIDCMC (V211) reports the century month code (CMC) for the date of the woman's first birth. The Guide to DHS Statistics (2003) explains the use and calculation of CMC values as follows: Century month codes (CMC) are particularly important to check consistency of dates, to calculate intervals between events, and to impute dates when the information for an event is missing or partially complete. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. That year was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 will be: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed since January 1900 to June 2002. Based on CMC it is possible to calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Time since woman's last menstrual period 236. When did your last menstrual period start? DATE IF GIVEN ___ DAYS AGO 1 ___ WEEKS AGO 2 ___ MONTHS AGO 3 ___ YEARS AGO 4 ___ IN MENOPAUSE OR HAS HAD HYSTERECTOMY 994 BEFORE LAST BIRTH 995 NEVER MENSTRUATED 996 TIMEMENSTRUATE (V215) reports the time passed since the woman's last menstrual period, in days, weeks, months, or years. 100 Day of Interview 101 Days: 1 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 131 31 days 132 32 days 133 33 days 134 34 days 135 35 days 136 36 days 137 37 days 138 38 days 139 39 days 140 40 days 141 41 days 142 42 days 143 43 days 144 44 days 145 45 days 146 46 days 147 47 days 148 48 days 149 49 days 150 50 days 151 51 days 152 52 days 153 53 days 154 54 days 155 55 days 156 56 days 157 57 days 158 58 days 159 59 days 160 60 days 161 61 days 162 62 days 163 63 days 164 64 days 165 65 days 166 66 days 167 67 days 168 68 days 169 69 days 170 70 days 171 71 days 172 72 days 173 73 days 174 74 days 175 75 days 176 76 days 177 77 days 178 78 days 179 79 days 180 80 days 181 81 days 182 82 days 183 83 days 184 84 days 185 85 days 186 86 days 187 87 days 188 88 days 189 89 days 190 90 days 191 91 days 192 92 days 193 93 days 194 94 days 195 95 days 196 96 days 197 97 days 198 98 days 199 Days: Number missing 200 Weeks 201 201 Weeks: 1 202 2 weeks 203 3 weeks 204 4 weeks 205 5 weeks 206 6 weeks 207 7 weeks 208 8 weeks 209 9 weeks 210 10 weeks 211 11 weeks 212 12 weeks 213 13 weeks 214 14 weeks 215 15 weeks 216 16 weeks 217 17 weeks 218 18 weeks 219 19 weeks 220 20 weeks 221 21 weeks 222 22 weeks 223 23 weeks 224 24 weeks 225 25 weeks 226 26 weeks 227 27 weeks 228 28 weeks 229 29 weeks 230 30 weeks 231 31 weeks 232 32 weeks 233 33 weeks 234 34 weeks 235 35 weeks 236 36 weeks 237 37 weeks 238 38 weeks 239 39 weeks 240 40 weeks 241 41 weeks 242 42 weeks 243 43 weeks 244 44 weeks 245 45 weeks 246 46 weeks 247 47 weeks 248 48 weeks 249 49 weeks 250 50 weeks 251 51 weeks 252 52 weeks 253 53 weeks 254 54 weeks 255 55 weeks 256 56 weeks 257 57 weeks 258 58 weeks 259 59 weeks 260 60 weeks 261 61 weeks 262 62 weeks 263 63 weeks 264 64 weeks 265 65 weeks 266 66 weeks 267 67 weeks 268 68 weeks 269 69 weeks 270 70 weeks 271 71 weeks 272 72 weeks 273 73 weeks 274 74 weeks 275 75 weeks 276 76 weeks 277 77 weeks 278 78 weeks 279 79 weeks 280 80 weeks 281 81 weeks 282 82 weeks 283 83 weeks 284 84 weeks 285 85 weeks 286 86 weeks 287 87 weeks 288 88 weeks 289 89 weeks 290 90 weeks 291 91 weeks 292 92 weeks 293 93 weeks 294 94 weeks 295 95 weeks 296 96 weeks 297 97 weeks 298 98 weeks 299 Weeks: Number missing 300 Months 301 301 Months: 1 302 2 months 303 3 months 304 4 months 305 5 months 306 6 months 307 7 months 308 8 months 309 9 months 310 10 months 311 11 months 312 12 months 313 13 months 314 14 months 315 15 months 316 16 months 317 17 months 318 18 months 319 19 months 320 20 months 321 21 months 322 22 months 323 23 months 324 24 months 325 25 months 326 26 months 327 27 months 328 28 months 329 29 months 330 30 months 331 31 months 332 32 months 333 33 months 334 34 months 335 35 months 336 36 months 337 37 months 338 38 months 339 39 months 340 40 months 341 41 months 342 42 months 343 43 months 344 44 months 345 45 months 346 46 months 347 47 months 348 48 months 349 49 months 350 50 months 351 51 months 352 52 months 353 53 months 354 54 months 355 55 months 356 56 months 357 57 months 358 58 months 359 59 months 360 60 months 361 61 months 362 62 months 363 63 months 364 64 months 365 65 months 366 66 months 367 67 months 368 68 months 369 69 months 370 70 months 371 71 months 372 72 months 373 73 months 374 74 months 375 75 months 376 76 months 377 77 months 378 78 months 379 79 months 380 80 months 381 81 months 382 82 months 383 83 months 384 84 months 385 85 months 386 86 months 387 87 months 388 88 months 389 89 months 390 90 months 391 91 months 392 92 months 393 93 months 394 94 months 395 95 months 396 96 months 397 97 months 398 98 months 399 Months: Number missing 400 Years 401 Years: 1 402 2 years 403 3 years 404 4 years 405 5 years 406 6 years 407 7 years 408 8 years 409 9 years 410 10 years 411 11 years 412 12 years 413 13 years 414 14 years 415 15 years 416 16 years 417 17 years 418 18 years 419 19 years 420 20 years 421 21 years 422 22 years 423 23 years 424 24 years 425 25 years 426 26 years 427 27 years 428 28 years 429 29 years 430 30 years 431 31 years 432 32 years 433 33 years 434 34 years 435 35 years 436 36 years 437 37 years 438 38 years 439 39 years 440 40 years 441 41 years 442 42 years 443 43 years 444 44 years 445 45 years 446 46 years 447 47 years 448 48 years 449 49+ years 499 Years: number missing 992 Currently pregnant 993 In menopause/had hysterectomy 994 Before last birth 995 Never menstruated 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Woman menstruated last 6 weeks 236. When did your last menstrual period start? DATE IF GIVEN ___ DAYS AGO 1 ___ WEEKS AGO 2 ___ MONTHS AGO 3 ___ YEARS AGO 4 ___ IN MENOPAUSE OR HAS HAD HYSTERECTOMY 994 BEFORE LAST BIRTH 995 NEVER MENSTRUATED 996 MENSTRUATE6WK (V216) indicates whether the woman menstruated in the 6 weeks prior to the interview, as calculated from TIMEMENSTRUATE (V215). 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS When in cycle thinks pregnancy is most likely OVCYCLE (V217) suggests the woman's knowledge of the ovulatory cycle by reporting when she believes a woman has the greatest chance of becoming pregnant. 1 During her period 2 After period ended 3 Middle of the cycle 4 Before period begins 5 At any time 6 Other/It depends 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Total number of living children born to respondent 203. How many sons live with you? And how many daughters live with you? IF NONE, RECORD "00". SONS AT HOME ___ DAUGHTERS AT HOME ___ CHEBALIVE (V218) reports the total number of children ever born to the respondent who are currently living. The number reported in CHEBALIVE (V218) is the sum of a series of variables reporting the total number of sons and daughters who are living at home and who are living away from home (V202 to V205 - SONSATHOME, DAUSATHOME, SONSAWAYHOME, and DAUSAWAYHOME). The related variable CHEB (V201) reports the total number of children ever born to the respondent, regardless of survival status. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Total number of living children including current pregnancy 226. Are you pregnant now? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 229) UNSURE 8 (GO TO 229) CHSURVPLUSPG (V219) reports the woman's total number of living children, including her current pregnancy. CHSURVPLUSPG takes the value of CHEBALIVE (V218) and adds 1 if the respondent is pregnant. 99 NIU (not in universe) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 19 19 18 18 Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Total number of living children, truncated at 6+ 226. Are you pregnant now? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 229) UNSURE 8 (GO TO 229) CHEBALIVETRUNC (V220) reports the woman's total number of living children (including current pregnancy), truncated at 6 or more children. This variable is a grouping of CHSURVPLUSPG (V219) truncated at 6+ children. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6+ 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Interval between last birth and interview, in months 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ For women who have ever given birth, LASTBIRTHTOINTMO (V222) reports the number of months between their last birth and the date of interview. 999 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information on date of conception, current pregnancy For pregnant women, CONCEPTDATEFLAG (V223) indicates the completeness of information relating to the date of conception of their current pregnancy. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, "This variable indicates whether the date of conception was exactly specified by the duration of the current pregnancy or the duration was imputed from other information." The related variable DURCURPREG reports the duration of the current pregnancy. 1 Month- exact date 2 Date missing, imputed 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Flag for reported time since last menstrual period 236. When did your last menstrual period start? DATE IF GIVEN ___ DAYS AGO 1 ___ WEEKS AGO 2 ___ MONTHS AGO 3 ___ YEARS AGO 4 ___ IN MENOPAUSE OR HAS HAD HYSTERECTOMY 994 BEFORE LAST BIRTH 995 NEVER MENSTRUATED 996 MENSTIMFLAG (V227) is a flag variable that indicates the type of problem, if any, found in editing responses on the time since the respondent's last menstrual period. Cases without a problem are coded 0. For time since last menstrual period, see TIMEMENSTRUATE (V215). 00 No flag 01 Number GT interval since birth 02 Number plus amenorrhea GT interval 03 Number reported, but period not returned 04 Reported before last birth, but no birth 05 Reported before last birth, but period since 06 Reported never menstruated, but period returned 07 Reported time during pregnancy 08 Reported never menstruated but had kids 09 Reported period before last birth 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Ever had pregnancy terminate via abortion, miscarriage or stillbirth 229. Have you ever had a pregnancy that miscarried, was aborted, or ended in a stillbirth or had a menstrual regulation? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 236) PREGTERMIN (V228) indicates whether the woman ever had a pregnancy that was terminated due to miscarriage, abortion, or stillbirth, and did not result in a live birth. 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Calendar month of pregnancy termination 230. When did the last such pregnancy end? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ For women who have had a pregnancy terminated through abortion, stillbirth or miscarriage, PREGTERMINMO (V229) indicates the calendar month when the last pregnancy termination occurred, according to the Gregorian calendar. 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Year of last pregnancy termination 230. When did the last such pregnancy end? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ For women who have had a pregnancy terminated through abortion, stillbirth or miscarriage, PREGTERMINYR (V230) reports the year when the last pregnancy termination occurred, according to the Gregorian calendar. 2018 2018 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 9996 Inconsistent 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) 2017 2017 Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Months pregnant when pregnancy terminated 232. How many months pregnant were you when the last such pregnancy ended? RECORD NUMBER OF COMPLETED MONTHS. ENTER 'T' IN COLUMN 1 OF CALENDAR IN THE MONTH THAT THE PREGNANCY TERMINATED AND 'P' FOR THE REMAINING NUMBER OF COMPLETED MONTHS. MONTHS ___ For women who had a pregnancy end without a live birth (through abortion, stillbirth or miscarriage) 5 years before the survey, PREGTERMTIM (V233) indicates how many months pregnant the woman was when the pregnancy ended. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9+ 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Respondent had previous pregnancy terminations (prior to last 5 years) 233. Have you ever had any other pregnancies which did not result in a live birth? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 235) For women who had a pregnancy end without a live birth (through abortion, stillbirth or miscarriage) in the 5 years before the survey, PREGTERMPREV (V234) indicates whether the woman had any other pregnancies that ended without a live birth. 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Birth history index for last child born prior to the start of the calendar PRECALBIDX (V235) provides the birth index number (see BIDX for more information) of the last child born to the woman before the start of the survey's birth calendar. For the majority of samples, PRECALBIDX reports the birth index number of the last child born prior to 5 years before the survey. For a minority of samples, the reference period is 3 or 4 years before the survey. See Sample Description [URL omitted from DDI.] information on the universes for children included in the surveys to learn the specific reference period for each survey. 0 No prior child 1 1 (or yes, prior child) 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 8+ 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Interval between last birth and interview date at least 4 calendar years For women who have ever given birth, BIRTHTOINT4YR (V236) indicates whether the interval between their last birth and the time of the interview was at least 4 years. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Other live births in interval between last birth reported and date of interview BIRTHSOTHER (V237) indicates whether the woman had any other live births in the interval between the last reported birth and the date of the interview. The question for this variable verifies whether the woman omitted any births when reporting her birth record. Omitted births should be included in the final version of the birth history in the variable CHEB (V201). 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Total births in last 3 years prior to interview BIRTHSTOT3YR (V238) indicates the total number of births the woman had in the 3 years (0 to 35 months) prior to the interview (where 0 is the month of interview). Responses are based on the woman's birth history table, which records the month and year of her children's births. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Computed time since last menstrual period 236. When did your last menstrual period start? DATE IF GIVEN ___ DAYS AGO 1 ___ WEEKS AGO 2 ___ MONTHS AGO 3 ___ YEARS AGO 4 ___ IN MENOPAUSE OR HAS HAD HYSTERECTOMY 994 BEFORE LAST BIRTH 995 NEVER MENSTRUATED 996 TIMEMENSCALC (V226) reports the computed time since the respondent's last menstrual period. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, this variable is computed from the response for V215, with durations exceeding the interval since the last birth (V227 = 7,9) recoded to the response "Before last birth" (code 995) and inconsistent responses flagged on variable 227 (codes 1-6) recoded to 997. Restated in terms of IPUMS-DHS variables and variable labels, TIMEMENSCALC is computed from the response for TIMEMENSTRUATE (Time since woman's last menstrual period). Cases with durations exceeding the interval since the last birth, when MENSTIMFLAG (Flag for reported time since last menstrual period) has values for "Reported time during pregnancy" or "Reported period before last birth," are recoded as "Before last birth" in TIMEMENSCALC. Cases with inconsistent or implausible responses according to MENSTIMFLAG (for example, the woman reportedly never menstruated but she has given birth) are recoded to "Inconsistent" for TIMEMENSCALC. 000 No time difference 991 In menopause/had hysterectomy 992 Pregnant, not asked 993 In menopause 994 Before last birth 995 Never menstruated 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Age of respondent at time of first birth 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ AGEAT1STBIRTH (V212) reports the age of the woman at the time of her first birth. This variable is calculated by using the century month code (CMC) of the date of the woman's first birth (DOB1STKIDCMC) and the CMC of the woman's date of birth (DOBCMC). 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 99 NIU (not in universe) 02 2 05 5 03 3 04 4 Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Century month date of last pregnancy termination 230. When did the last such pregnancy end? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ PREGTERMCMC (V231) reports the century month code of the respondent's last pregnancy termination, according to the Gregorian calendar. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, "The CMC date of termination is calculated from the preceding questions [on month and year of last pregnancy termination], or from the calendar, if possible, in cases where an exact date was not given for the date of last pregnancy termination." For detailed discussion of the calculation and interpretation of century month codes, see DOBCMC (Respondent's date of birth, in century months). 9996 Inconsistent 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Date flag for last terminated pregnancy PREGTERMFLAG (V232) is a flag variable that indicates the type of information available on the date of the respondent's last terminated pregnancy. Survey forms supplied room to collect the month and year of the last terminated pregnancy, and cases for which both month and year are available are coded 1. 1 Month and year 2 From calendar 3 Year 4 Month 5 None 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Type of pregnancy termination PREGTERMTYP reports how the respondent's most recent pregnancy termination ended: as a stillbirth, miscarriage, abortion, or, in some samples, via "menstrual regulation" (see Comparability). 10 Stillbirth 20 Miscarriage 30 Abortion 40 Other 41 Menstrual regulation 98 MIssing 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Total number of household members INTERVIEWER VISITS FIRST VISIT (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD VISITS) DATE INTERVIEWER'S NAME RESULT* 1 COMPLETED 2 NO HOUSEHOLD MEMBER AT HOME OR NO COMPETENT RESPONDENT AT HOME AT TIME OF VISIT 3 ENTIRE HOUSEHOLD ABSENT FOR EXTENDED PERIOD OF TIME 4 POSTPONED 5 REFUSED 6 DWELLING VACANT OR ADDRESS NOT A DWELLING 7 DWELLING DESTROYED 8 DWELLING NOT FOUND 9 OTHER (SPECIFY) NEXT VISIT DATE TIME FINAL VISIT DAY MONTH YEAR INTERVIEWER'S CODE RESULT* TOTAL NUMBER OF VISITS: TOTAL PERSONS IN HOUSEHOLD: TOTAL ELIGIBLE WOMEN: TOTAL ELIGIBLE MEN: LINE NUMBER OF RESPONDENT TO HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULE: HHMEMTOTAL (V136) reports the total number of members of the woman's household. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, HHMEMTOTAL is calculated by summing "the number of usual residents and the number of visitors who slept in the house the previous night that were listed in the household schedule." "Usual residents" of the household are identified by the RESIDENT variable. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Number of children under 5 in household HHKIDLT5 (V137) reports the number of children age 5 and under who reside in the household. Visiting children are not included in the count. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Number of eligible women in household INTERVIEWER VISITS FIRST VISIT (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD VISITS) DATE INTERVIEWER'S NAME RESULT* 1 COMPLETED 2 NO HOUSEHOLD MEMBER AT HOME OR NO COMPETENT RESPONDENT AT HOME AT TIME OF VISIT 3 ENTIRE HOUSEHOLD ABSENT FOR EXTENDED PERIOD OF TIME 4 POSTPONED 5 REFUSED 6 DWELLING VACANT OR ADDRESS NOT A DWELLING 7 DWELLING DESTROYED 8 DWELLING NOT FOUND 9 OTHER (SPECIFY) NEXT VISIT DATE TIME FINAL VISIT DAY MONTH YEAR INTERVIEWER'S CODE RESULT* TOTAL NUMBER OF VISITS: TOTAL PERSONS IN HOUSEHOLD: TOTAL ELIGIBLE WOMEN: TOTAL ELIGIBLE MEN: LINE NUMBER OF RESPONDENT TO HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULE: HHELIGWOMEN (V138) reports the number of eligible women in the household, usually defined as women of childbearing age who slept in the household the previous night (regardless of whether they were usual residents or visitors). The age and marital status guidelines for defining eligible women varies across samples. See Comparability. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 36 36 36 99 No women age 15-49 Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Age of household head HHEADAGE (V152) reports the age of the head of the household. 98 Missing 97 97+ 96 96 95 95 94 94 93 93 92 92 91 91 90 90 89 89 88 88 87 87 86 86 85 85 84 84 83 83 82 82 81 81 80 80 79 79 78 78 77 77 76 76 75 75 74 74 73 73 72 72 71 71 70 70 69 69 68 68 67 67 66 66 65 65 64 64 63 63 62 62 61 61 60 60 59 59 58 58 57 57 56 56 55 55 54 54 53 53 52 52 51 51 50 50 49 49 48 48 47 47 46 46 45 45 44 44 43 43 42 42 41 41 40 40 39 39 38 38 37 37 36 36 35 35 34 34 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Age of household head (from HH record) HHEADAGEHH (HV220) reports the age of the head of the household. The information in HHEADAGEHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 98 Missing 96 Non-resident 95 95+ 94 94 93 93 92 92 91 91 90 90 89 89 88 88 87 87 86 86 85 85 84 84 83 83 82 82 81 81 80 80 79 79 78 78 77 77 76 76 75 75 74 74 73 73 72 72 71 71 70 70 69 69 68 68 67 67 66 66 65 65 64 64 63 63 62 62 61 61 60 60 59 59 58 58 57 57 56 56 55 55 54 54 53 53 52 52 51 51 50 50 49 49 48 48 47 47 46 46 45 45 44 44 43 43 42 42 41 41 40 40 39 39 38 38 37 37 36 36 35 35 34 34 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 99 NIU (not in universe) 01 1 97 Don't know Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Sex of household head HHEADSEX (V151) reports the sex of the head of the household. 8 Missing 2 Female 1 Male Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Sex of household head (from hh record) HHEADSEXHH (HV219) reports the sex of the head of the household. The information in HHEADSEXHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 1 Male 2 Female 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Relationship structure in HH 3. RELATIONSHIP TO HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD: What is the relationship of (NAME) to the head of the household? 01 HEAD 02 WIFE OR HUSBAND 03 SON OR DAUGHTER 04 SON-IN-LAW OR DAUGHTER-IN-LAW 05 GRANDCHILD 06 PARENT 07 PARENT-IN-LAW 09 BROTHER OR SISTER 10 OTHER RELATIVE 11 ADOPTED OR FOSTER OR STEPCHILD 12 NOT RELATED 98 DON'T KNOW FAMSTRUCTR (HV217) indicates the relationship structure (no adults, one adult, two related adults of the opposite sex, two related adults of the same sex, three or more related adults, or unrelated adults) in the household. Only usual (de jure) household members aged 15 and over are considered in determining the household's relationship structure. FAMSTRUCTR is a constructed variable, based on information about each household member's age, sex, and relationship to the householder, which was collected when completing the listing of persons in the household at the time of the survey. The information in FAMSTRUCTR is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 8 Missing 6 Non-resident 5 Unrelated adults 4 Three plus related adults 3 Two adults, same sex 2 Two adults, opp sex 1 One adult 0 No adults 9 NIU (not in universe) Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Main material of outside walls of dwelling 25. MAIN MATERIAL OF THE WALLS. RECORD OBSERVATION. NATURAL WALLS JUTE OR BAMBOO OR MUD (KATCHA) 11 RUDIMENTARY WALLS WOOD 21 FINISHED WALLS BRICK OR CEMENT 31 TIN 32 OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 WALL (HV214) reports the main material of the outside walls of the dwelling. Response categories vary widely across surveys but fall into broad groups (i.e., natural materials, rudimentary processed materials, and finished materials). See Comparability. 376 Metal, unspecified 375 Corrugated asbestos 374 Iron or zinc sheets 292 Unburnt brick with cement 127 Animal dung 126 Hay with mud 241 Trunks with mud 000 No walls 100 NATURAL 110 Cane/palm/trunks/grass/sticks 111 Cane/palm/trunks 112 Cane/trunks 113 Cane/trunks/bamboo/reeds 114 Palm branches 115 Sticks 116 Shells 120 Earth/mud/dirt/dung 121 Unbaked brick, mud, or earth 122 Earth 123 Mud 124 Mud, dung 125 Dirt 130 Thatch/mat/leaves/straw/reeds 131 Grass 132 Thatch or straw 200 RUDIMENTARY 210 Bamboo with mud 211 Bamboo/wood with mud 212 Bamboo 220 Stone with mud 230 Rough wood 231 Plywood 232 Reused wood 233 Timber 234 Wood/metal planks 240 Poles and mud 250 Tin/cardboard/paper/bags 251 Cardboard 252 Carton 260 Uncovered adobe 270 Corrugated metal 280 Canvas/tent 300 FINISHED 310 Cement/concrete 311 Semi-dur (cement and sand blocks) 320 Bricks 321 Finished/burnt bricks 322 Burnt bricks with mud 323 Burnt bricks with cement 324 Sundried bricks 330 Cement blocks 340 Wood planks/shingles 341 Wood and grass 350 Stone 351 Stone with lime/cement 360 Covered adobe 370 Other finished 371 Metal or asbestos sheets 400 OTHER 998 Missing 996 Non-resident 290 Unburnt bricks 373 T-iron/wood/brick 372 Tin 377 Prefab 291 Unburnt brick and plaster 999 NIU (not in universe) Housing Variables -- TOPICS Main material of floor 26. MAIN MATERIAL OF THE FLOOR. RECORD OBSERVATION. NATURAL FLOOR EARTH OR BAMBOO (KATCHA) 11 RUDIMENTARY FLOOR WOOD 21 FINISHED FLOOR (PUKKA) CEMENT OR CONCRETE 31 OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 FLOOR (HV213) reports the main material of the floor of the dwelling. Response categories vary widely across surveys but fall into broad groups (i.e., natural materials, rudimentary processed materials, and finished materials). See Comparability. 116 Mud and hay 999 NIU (not in universe) 391 Plaster 996 Non-resident 100 NATURAL 110 Earth-based 111 Earth, sand 112 Earth, mud 113 Earth, mud, clay 114 Sand 115 Dirt/Earth 120 Dung-based 121 Dung 122 Earth and dung 123 Mud, dung, sand 200 RUDIMENTARY 210 Wood 211 Wood planks 212 Wood and tile 213 Wood/palm/bamboo 220 Palm/bamboo 221 Palm/bamboo/leaves 230 Other rudimentary 231 Broken bricks 232 Adobe 233 Unfinished stone 300 FINISHED 310 Parquet/polished wood 311 Polished wood/vinyl/tiles 320 Vinyl/asphalt strips/linoleum 321 Linoleum 330 Tiles/mosaic 331 Ceramic tiles 332 Cement tiles 333 Ceramic/terrazo tiles 334 Ceramic/marble tiles 335 Tiles/brick 340 Cement/concrete 350 Carpet 360 Terrazzo 370 Stone 380 Bricks 390 Other finished 400 OTHER 997 Don't know 998 Missing 322 Vinyl 351 Mat Housing Variables -- TOPICS Main material of roof 24. MAIN MATERIAL OF THE ROOF. RECORD OBSERVATION. NATURAL ROOF KATCHA (BAMBOO OR THATCH) 11 RUDIMENTARY ROOF TIN 21 FINISHED ROOF (PUKKA) CEMENT OR CONCRETE OR TILED 31 OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 ROOF (HV215) reports the main material of the roof of the dwelling. Response categories vary widely across surveys but fall into broad groups (i.e., natural materials, rudimentary processed materials, and finished materials). See Comparability. 126 Mud and hay 118 Sticks/sticks with mud or dung 333 Reinforced brick cement 996 Non-resident 000 No roof 100 NATURAL 110 Thatch/palm leaf/grass/makuti 111 Thatch/palm leaf 112 Grass, thatch 113 Grass, thatch, makuti 114 Thatch 115 Thatch/mat/leaves 116 Leaves 117 Grass/leaves/mud 120 Earth 121 Mud 122 Dung, mud 123 Earth, mud 124 Sod 125 Sod/mud and grass mixture 130 Straw 200 RUDIMENTARY 210 Rustic mat 211 Rustic mat, plastic sheets 220 Plastic/polythene sheet 230 Palm/bamboo 231 Palm, bamboo, grass 232 Reed, bamboo 240 Wood planks 241 Wooden tiles, planks 242 Wood, mulch 250 Cardboard 260 Rudimentary - metal 261 Tin cans 262 Iron sheets 270 Other rudimentary 271 Mobile roofs of nomads 272 Skin 300 FINISHED 310 Metal 311 Metal, zinc 312 Corrugated metal sheet, asbestos 313 Corrugated iron 314 Tin 315 Asbetos 320 Wood 330 Cement/concrete 331 Cement 332 Concrete 340 Tiles 341 Ceramic tiles 342 Iron and tiles 343 Tiles/slate 344 Mud tiles 345 Ceramic tiles, harvey (steel) tiles 350 Cement fiber 351 Calamine/cement fiber 352 Asbestos, cement fiber 353 Zinc/cement fiber 360 Roofing shingles 370 Bricks 371 Unburnt bricks 372 Burnt brick 380 Stone 381 Loosely packed stone 382 Stone slabs 383 Slate 400 OTHER 998 Missing 273 Waste materials 999 NIU (not in universe) Housing Variables -- TOPICS Has electricity 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 ELECTRC (V119) indicates whether the household has electricity. Samples vary in how that information was collected. See Comparability. 8 Missing 1 Yes 0 No 6 Non-resident Housing Variables -- TOPICS Dwelling has electricity (from hh record) 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 ELECTRCHH (HV206) indicates whether the household has electricity. Samples vary in how that information was collected. The information in ELECTRCHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Housing Variables -- TOPICS Type of toilet facility 20. What kind of toilet facility does your household have? SEPTIC TANK OR MODERN TOILET 11 PIT TOILET OR LATRINE WATER SEALED OR SLAB LATRINE 21 PIT LATRINE 22 OPEN LATRINE 23 HANGING LATRINE 24 NO FACILITY OR BUSH OR FIELD 31 (GO TO 22) OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 TOILETTYPE (HV205) reports the household's type of toilet facility, with no facility coded "0." Responses vary widely across surveys; see Comparability. The information in TOILETTYPE is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 3431 Pit latrine with ventilation pipe, no mesh 9996 Non-resident 0000 NO FACILITY 1000 FLUSH TOILET 1100 Unspecified type of flush toilet 1110 Own flush toilet (unspecified type) 1120 Shared flush toilet (unspecified type) 1200 Modern flush toilet 1210 Flush to piped sewer system 1300 Traditional with tank flush 1400 Bucket flush toilet 1410 Flush to pit latrine 1420 Flush to somewhere else 1430 Flush, don't know where 2000 NON-FLUSHING TOILET 2100 Composting toilet 2200 Dry toilet 2300 Ecosan toilet 3000 PIT TOILET LATRINE 3100 Unspecified type of pit latrine 3110 Own pit toilet or latrine (unspecified type) 3120 Shared pit toiletor latrine (unspecified type) 3121 Public pit toilet or latrine (unspecified type) 3200 Traditional pit toilet or latrine 3210 Pit latrine without slab or open pit 3300 Pit latrine with slab 3400 Ventilated improved pit latrine 3410 Covered pit latrine, no slab 3420 Covered pit latrine with slab 3430 Covered latrine 3440 Septic pit 4000 UNIMPROVED TOILET 4100 Bucket toilet 4200 River 4300 Hanging latrine over water source 5000 OTHER 9998 Missing 1112 Private flush toilet, outside residence 1211 Flush to piped sewer system, indoors 1212 Flush to piped sewer system, inside yard 1213 Flush to piped sewer system, out of yard 3310 Pit latrine with washable slab 3320 Pit latrine with non-washable slab 3490 Other improved system 3463 Latrine to piped public system, out of yard 3462 Latrine to piped public system, inside yard 3461 Latrine to piped public system, indoors 3443 Latrine to septic tank, out of yard 3442 Latrine to septic tank, inside yard 3441 Latrine to septic tank, indoors 3212 Open pit latrine, out of yard 3211 Open pit latrine, inside yard 1253 Flush to septic tank, out of yard 1252 Flush to septic tank, inside yard 1251 Flush to septic tank, indoors 1250 Flush to septic tank 1240 Flush, not to sewer 1233 Flush to ground water, out of yard 1232 Flush to ground water, inside yard 1231 Flush to ground water, indoors 3450 Latrine with manual flush 3460 Latrine to piped public system 9999 NIU (not in universe) 1230 Flush to pipe connected to ground water 1220 Flush to pipe connected to canal 1132 Public flush toilet, outside residence 1131 Public flush toilet, inside residence 1130 Public flush toilet (unspecified type) 1111 Private flush toilet, inside residence Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Major source of non-drinking water 18. What is the main source of water your household uses for dishwashing? PIPED WATER PIPED INSIDE DWELLING 11 PIPED OUTSIDE DWELLING 12 WELL WATER TUBE WELL OR DEEP TUBE WELL 21 SURFACE WELL OR OTHER WELL 22 SURFACE WATER POND OR TANK OR LAKE 31 RIVER OR STREAM 32 RAINWATER 41 OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 NDRINKWTR (HV202) reports the household's main source of water for uses other than drinking (for example, cooking and washing). Responses vary widely across surveys; see Comparability. The information in NDRINKWTR is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 9996 Non-resident 1000 PIPED WATER 1100 Piped into own dwelling/yard/plot 1110 Piped into own dwelling 1120 Piped into own yard/plot 1200 Piped outside own residence/plot 1210 Public tap/standpipe 1220 Piped into neighbor's dwelling/yard 2000 WELL WATER 2100 Unprotected/open well 2110 Open well in own dwelling/yard/plot 2111 Open well in own dwelling 2112 Open well in own yard/plot 2120 Open public well 2130 Open well in neighbor's residence 2200 Protected well 2210 Protected well in own dwelling/yard/plot 2211 Protected well in own dwelling 2212 Protected well in own yard/plot 2220 Protected public well 2230 Tube well or borehole 2231 Borehole in yard/plot 2232 Public borehole 2300 Unspecified well 2310 Unspecified well in residence/yard/plot 2311 Unspecified well in own dwelling 2312 Unspecified well in own yard/plot 2313 Handpump in yard/plot 2320 Unspecified public well 2321 Public shallow well 2322 Public traditional well 2323 Public handpump 2330 Unspecified neighbor's well 2340 Unspecified well by type 2341 Well with pump 2342 Well without pump 3000 SURFACE WATER 3100 Spring 3110 Protected spring 3120 Unprotected spring 3200 River/dam/lake/ponds/streams/canal/irrigation channel 3210 River, stream 3220 Pond, lake 3230 Dam 3240 Canal or river/canal 3250 Irrigation ditch 3260 Dugout pond 3300 Channeled by gravity flow scheme 4000 RAINWATER 4100 Rainwater collected in tank 5000 PURCHASED FROM SUPPLIER 5100 Tanker truck 5200 Cart with small tank 5300 Water vendor 5400 Bottled water 5410 Sachet water (in a bag) 6000 OTHER SOURCE 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) 5201 Motorcycle with 3 wheels Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Major source of drinking water 19. What is the main source of drinking water for members of your household? PIPED WATER PIPED INSIDE DWELLING 11 PIPED OUTSIDE DWELLING 12 WELL WATER TUBE WELL OR DEEP TUBE WELL 21 SURFACE WELL OR OTHER WELL 22 SURFACE WATER POND OR TANK OR LAKE 31 RIVER OR STREAM 32 RAINWATER 41 OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 DRINKWTR (HV201) reports the household's main source of drinking water. Responses vary widely across surveys; see Comparability. The information in DRINKWTR is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 2213 Protected well in neighbor's residence/plot 9996 Non-resident 1000 PIPED WATER 1100 Piped into own dwelling/yard/plot 1110 Piped into own dwelling 1120 Piped into own yard/plot 1200 Piped outside own residence/plot 1210 Public tap/standpipe 1220 Piped into neighbor's dwelling/yard 2000 WELL WATER 2100 Unprotected/open well 2110 Open well in own dwelling/yard/plot 2111 Open well in own dwelling 2112 Open well in own yard/plot 2120 Open public well 2130 Open well in neighbor's residence 2200 Protected well 2210 Protected well in own dwelling/yard/plot 2211 Protected well in own dwelling 2212 Protected well in own yard/plot 2220 Protected public well 2230 Tube well or borehole 2231 Borehole in yard/plot 2232 Public borehole 2300 Unspecified well 2310 Unspecified well in residence/yard/plot 2311 Unspecified well in own dwelling 2312 Unspecified well in own yard/plot 2313 Handpump in yard/plot 2320 Unspecified public well 2321 Public shallow well 2322 Public traditional well 2323 Public handpump 2330 Unspecified neighbor's well 2340 Unspecified well by type 2341 Well with pump 2342 Well without pump 3000 SURFACE WATER 3100 Spring 3110 Protected spring/surface water 3120 Unprotected spring/surface water 3200 River/dam/lake/ponds/streams/canal/irrigation channel 3210 River, stream 3220 Pond, lake 3230 Dam 3240 Canal or river/canal 3250 Irrigation ditch 3260 Dugout pond 3300 Channeled by gravity flow scheme 4000 RAINWATER 4100 Rainwater collected in tank 5000 PURCHASED FROM SUPPLIER 5100 Tanker truck 5200 Cart with small tank 5300 Water vendor 5400 Bottled water 5410 Sachet water (in a bag) 6000 OTHER SOURCE 9998 Missing 1211 Public tap from filtration plant 1212 Public tap from stone pipes 5310 Water vendor from unknown source 5320 Water vendor from protected well 5330 Water vendor from unprotected well 5340 Water vendor from pond/lake 9999 NIU (not in universe) 5500 Community reverse osmosis plant 5201 Motorcycle with 3 wheels Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS HH treats water by: Boiling 19A. Do you boil drinking water? YES 1 NO 2 TRBOIL(HV237A) indicates whether the household boiled water to make it safer to drink. The information in TRBOIL is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 12 Yes, some of the time 11 Yes, most of the time 00 No 96 Non-resident 10 Yes 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Household has telephone 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 HHPHONE (V153) indicates whether the household has a telephone. How the question was worded changed over time. See Comparability. The related variable MOBPHONE covers the household's access to a mobile phone, specifically. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing Possessions Variables -- TOPICS House has telephone (household record) 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 HHPHONEHH (HV221) indicates whether any member of the household has a telephone (based on information from the household record). The information in HHPHONEHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has bicycle 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 BIKE (V123) indicates whether any member of the household has a bicycle. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has bicycle (from HH record) 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 BIKEHH (HV210) indicates whether any member of the household has a bicycle. The information in BIKEHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has motorcycle/scooter 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 MOTORCYCL (V124) indicates whether any member of the household owns a motorcycle or scooter. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has motorcycle/scooter (from HH record) 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 MOTORCYCLHH (HV211) indicates whether any member of the household owns a motorcycle or scooter. The information in MOTORCYCLHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH owns homestead 27. Does your household own any homestead? IF 'NO', PROBE: Does your household own homestead any other places? YES 1 NO 2 HOMESTEAD indicates whether the household owns any homestead, either where members currently reside or in some other place. The term "homestead" generally refers to a house (most often a farmhouse), outbuildings, and the land on which these buildings are located. The information in HOMESTEAD is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH owns land (other than homestead) 27A. Does your household own any land (other than the homestead land)? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 29) NONHOMESTEAD indicates whether the household owns any land other than their homestead (i.e., other than the land where the family's house and outbuildings are located). The complementary variable HOMESTEAD indicates whether the household owns its homestead land. The information in NONHOMESTEAD is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has radio 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 RADIO (V120) indicates whether the household has a radio. Some samples specified that the radio must be working or fit other specifications. See Comparability. 8 Unknown 1 Yes 0 No 6 Non-resident Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has radio (from HH record) 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 RADIOHH (HV207) indicates whether any member of the household owns a radio. Some samples specified that the radio must be working or fit other specifications. See Comparability. The information in RADIOHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has television 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 TELEVISION (V121) indicates whether the household has a television. Some samples specified that the TV must be in working order. See Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has television (from HH record) 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 TVHH (HV208) indicates whether any member of the household has a television. Some samples specified that the TV must be in working order. See Comparability. The information in TVHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has sewing machine 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 SEWMACHINE indicates whether the household had a sewing machine. 6 Non-resident 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has watch or clock 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 WATCHCLOCK indicates whether the household has access to a timepiece, either a watch or a clock. The related variable CLOCKONLY indicates whether the household has a clock. See Comparability. The information in WATCHCLOCK is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 6 Non-resident 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has bed 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 BED indicates whether the household had a bed. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has table and chairs 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 TABLECHARYN indicates whether the household has a table and chairs. The information in TABLECHARYN is taken from the household record, linked to the record of the woman respondent. This information applies to household residents, not temporary visitors, so researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2"). 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has bench 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 BENCHYN indicates whether the household has a bench. The information in BENCHYN is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has wardrobe or bookcase 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 WARDBOOKYN indicates whether the household has wardrobe or bookcase. The information in WARDBOOKYN is taken from the household record, linked to the record of the woman respondent. This information applies to household residents, not temporary visitors, so researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2"). 6 Non-resident 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has vulnerable group feeding card 30. Does your family have a vulnerable group feeding (VGF) card? YES 1 NO 2 HHVGFCARD indicates whether the household has a "vulnerable group feeding (VGF) card." The vulnerable group feeding cards were meant to be distributed to very poor people by the Bangladesh government, beginning in 1975. According to the International Labor Organization's description of the program: Programme provides in-kind wheat transfer to enable destitute rural women to improve their economic and social condition. A complementary package of development services was introduced in 1988, including health and nutrition education, literacy training, savings. Possession of a VGF card is not a certain marker of destitution, since an estimated 15 percent of the grain allotted was misallocated by local committees to better-off households for resale. The information in HHVGFCARD is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing Material hardship Variables -- TOPICS HH has income from social welfare source 31. Do you have any male or female member in this household who are receiving old age pension or widow or destitute benefit? YES 1 NO 2 HHWELFAREY indicates whether any member of the household has income from some type of social welfare program or pension. The information in HHWELFAREY is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing Material hardship Variables -- TOPICS HH consumption deficit or surplus 29. In terms of household food consumption, how do you classify your household: deficit in whole year; somewhat deficit; neither deficit nor surplus; surplus. DEFICIT IN WHOLE YEAR 1 SOMETIMES DEFICIT 2 NEITHER DEFICIT NOT SURPLUS 3 SURPLUS 4 CONSUMDEFICITFQ reports whether the household's (food) consumption could be best characterized as surplus, neither surplus nor deficit, occasional deficit, or always in deficit. The information in CONSUMDEFICITFQ is taken from the household record and applies to household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors (coded "2") using: RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis; HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis; RESIDENTMN variable when men are the unit of analysis. 10 Surplus 20 Neither deficit nor surplus 30 Deficit 31 Occasional/sometimes deficit 32 Always deficit 96 Non-resident 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Food insufficiency Variables -- TOPICS Currently working 807. Now I would like to ask you some questions about your work. Aside from your own housework, are you currently working? YES 1 (GO TO 809) NO 2 CURRWORK (V714) indicates whether the woman is currently working at a job or business. To distinguish employment from household labor, many surveys included a preface such as the following: "As you know, some women take up jobs for which they are paid in cash or in kind. Others sell things, have a small business or work on the family farm or in the family business." Women who have worked outside of their own housework in the last 12 months and been paid in cash, cash and in-kind, or only in-kind payments are included as working, although the survey questions vary in who receives an affirmative response. See Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneous 12 Yes, prompted 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Woman's occupation 809. What is your occupation, that is, what kind of work do (did) you mainly do? ___ WKCURRJOB (V717) reports the occupation of the respondent in somewhat standardized categories. The categories included, and the degree of detail within broad categories (e.g., self-employed versus employee in agriculture, or simply agriculture), vary across samples. IPUMS-DHS employs composite coding to maximize comparability across samples (using the first digit of the codes to indicate broad job categories) without loss of detailed information (preserved in the second digit). The category "agriculture" includes fishermen, foresters, breeders, and hunters as well as farmers. 00 Not currently working 10 Professional, technical, or managerial worker 20 Clerical or Sales 21 Clerical worker 22 Sales worker 30 Agricultural 31 Self-employed agricultural worker 32 Agricultural employee 40 Household, domestic, and services 41 Household and domestic worker 42 Services worker 50 Skilled and unskilled manual 51 Skilled manual worker 52 Unskilled manual worker 60 Armed forces 96 Other 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Respondent works all year, seasonally, or occasionally 810. Do you usually work throughout the year, or do you work seasonally, or only once in a while? THROUGHOUT THE YEAR 1 SEASONALLY OR PART OF THE YEAR 2 ONCE IN A WHILE 3 WKEMPLOYWHEN (V732) indicates whether the woman works throughout the year, seasonally, or occasionally. 10 All year 20 Less than all year 21 Most of the year 22 Part of the year 23 Seasonally 24 Occasionally 25 Temporary 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) 29 Other Work Variables -- TOPICS Type of earnings for respondent's work 811. Are you paid in cash or kind for this work or are you not paid? CASH ONLY 1 KIND ONLY 2 CASH AND KIND 3 NOT PAID 4 WKEARNTYPE (V741) reports the type of earnings for the respondent's work. 0 Not paid 1 Paid in cash only 2 Paid in cash and in kind 3 Paid in kind only 4 Other 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Partner's occupation 806. What kind of work does (did) your (last) husband mainly do? ___ HUSJOB (V705) reports the occupation of the woman's husband/partner in somewhat standardized categories. The categories included, and the degree of detail within broad categories (e.g., self-employed versus employee in agriculture, or simply agriculture), vary across samples. IPUMS-DHS employs composite coding to maximize comparability across samples (using the first digit of the codes to indicate broader job categories) without loss of detailed information (preserved in the second digit). The category "agriculture" includes fishermen, foresters, breeders, and hunters as well as farmers. 10 Did not work 11 Not working, student or applicant 12 Unemployed 13 Student 20 Prof., Tech., Manag. 30 Clerical or Sales 31 Clerical 32 Sales 40 Agricultural, breeding, fishing, forest 41 Agriculture, self-employed 42 Agriculture, employee 50 Household, domestic, and services 51 Household and domestic 52 Services 60 Skilled and unskilled manual 61 Skilled manual 62 Unskilled manual 70 Other 71 Army 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Household wealth index in quintiles WEALTHQ (V190) refers to the relative wealth of the household where the woman lives, divided into quintiles from the poorest (code 1) to the richest (code 5). The wealth index is defined in the DHS Recode Manuals as follows: The wealth index is a composite measure of a household's cumulative living standard. The wealth index is calculated using easy-to-use data on a household's ownership of selected assets, such as televisions and bicycles; materials used for housing construction; and types of water access and sanitation facilities. Generated with a statistical procedure known as principal components analysis, the wealth index places individual households on a continuous scale of relative wealth. DHS separates all interviewed households into five quintiles of wealth. For additional information about the calculation and meaning of the wealth index, users should consult the summary information about the wealth index on The DHS Program website here [URL omitted from DDI.] and/or the DHS Comparative Report on "The DHS Wealth Index" here [URL omitted from DDI.]. The complementary variable WEALTHS reports the wealth index factor score for the woman's household in a specific sample. WEALTHQ and WEALTHS are included on the woman's record for Phase 5 forward only. IPUMS-DHS has made available these variables for Phase 2 forward, by linking the wealth index files to the woman's individual recode files. The variables used to calculate wealth index quintiles and the level of wealth implied by a specific ranking are sample-specific. See Comparability. 1 Poorest 2 Poorer 3 Middle 4 Richer 5 Richest 8 Missing Wealth index Variables -- TOPICS Wealth index factor score (5 decimals) WEALTHS (V191) refers to the household's wealth index value generated by the product of standardized scores (z-scores) and factor coefficient scores (factor loadings) of wealth indicators. Most researchers will want to use instead the complementary variable WEALTHQ (V190), which reports quintile ranking (from poorest to richest) of the woman's household, in terms of wealth score, for a given sample. For further information about the calculation and meaning of the wealth index, see the description of WEALTHQ, the summary information about the wealth index on the DHS Program website here [URL omitted from DDI.] and/or the DHS Comparative Report on "The DHS Wealth Index" here [URL omitted from DDI.]. The variables used to calculate wealth index scores are sample-specific. See Comparability. WEALTHS (V191) is a 12-digit numeric variable. Wealth index Variables -- TOPICS Reported literacy 111. Can you read and write a letter in any language easily, with difficulty, or not at all? EASILY 1 WITH DIFFICULTY 2 NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 113) LIT1 (V108) indicates whether the woman could read. This information was obtained in response to the question, "Can you read a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?" In many countries, persons with secondary or higher levels of schooling were presumed to "read easily," but coding criteria varied across countries. Simply asking women whether and how easily they could read was the approach used to determine literacy in DHS Phases 1-3. Beginning in Phase 4, a different approach was employed to determine literacy. See LIT2 (V155) for details about that second approach, which involved having the respondent read a sentence aloud. See LITBRIG for information about using the data on literacy across all phases of the DHS. 00 Cannot read 10 Reads 11 Reads with difficulty 12 Reads easily 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Literacy bridging variable 111. Can you read and write a letter in any language easily, with difficulty, or not at all? EASILY 1 WITH DIFFICULTY 2 NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 113) LITBRIG serves as a bridging variable between two approaches to collecting information on literacy. Initially, respondents were asked, "Can you read a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?" In many countries, persons with secondary or higher levels of schooling were presumed to "read easily," but coding criteria varied across countries. Beginning with Phase 4 of the DHS, persons with less than secondary school education were asked to demonstrate their literacy level by reading aloud a sentence on a card and were classified as "cannot read at all," "able to read only parts of sentence," and "able to read whole sentence." As before, those with secondary or higher schooling were presumed to have attained the highest literacy level. LITBRIG combines information from the first approach of asking about literacy (in LIT1 [V108]) and the second approach of testing literacy based on reading a sentence aloud (in LIT2 [V155]). See Comparability for more information. 10 Yes, reads 11 Reads easily/whole sentence 12 Reads with difficulty/part of sentence 20 No, cannot read 30 Not ascertained (blind or diff. language) 31 No card with required language 32 Blind or visually impaired 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Highest educational level 12. What is the highest level of school (NAME) has attended? What is the highest class (NAME) has completed at that level? LEVEL 1 PRIMARY 2 SECONDARY 3 COLLEGE OR UNIVERSITY 8 DON'T KNOW CLASS 00 LESS THAN 1 YEAR COMPLETED 98 DON'T KNOW For women who ever went to school, EDUCLVL (V106) reports the highest level of school they attended. Countries vary in the gradations of their school systems, but EDUCLVL is a standardized variable reporting level of education in four broad categories: No education, Primary, Secondary, and Higher. The DHS recode manuals state, "In some countries the educational system does not fit naturally within this scheme, and a different categorization was used for the Final Report. In this case, this variable is constructed as accurately as possible from the country's own scheme, and the variable used for the Final Report is included as a country-specific variable." 0 No education 1 Primary 2 Secondary 3 Higher 8 Missing Education Variables -- TOPICS Highest year of education in level 12. What is the highest level of school (NAME) has attended? What is the highest class (NAME) has completed at that level? LEVEL 1 PRIMARY 2 SECONDARY 3 COLLEGE OR UNIVERSITY 8 DON'T KNOW CLASS 00 LESS THAN 1 YEAR COMPLETED 98 DON'T KNOW For women who ever attended school, YRSCHL (V107) reports the number of years of education completed at the highest level of schooling achieved (primary, secondary, or higher), as reported in EDUCLVL (V106). See Comparability. For the woman's total years of education, see EDYRTOTAL (V133). 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Total years education 12. What is the highest level of school (NAME) has attended? What is the highest class (NAME) has completed at that level? LEVEL 1 PRIMARY 2 SECONDARY 3 COLLEGE OR UNIVERSITY 8 DON'T KNOW CLASS 00 LESS THAN 1 YEAR COMPLETED 98 DON'T KNOW EDYRTOTAL (V133) reports the woman's education level in single years. This variable is constructed from responses to EDUCLVL (V106) and YRSCHL (V107) as follows: If EDUCLVL = "No education," EDYRTOTAL = "0" If EDUCLVL = "Primary," EDYRTOTAL = YRSCHL If EDUCLVL = "Secondary," EDYRTOTAL = YRSCHL + x If EDUCLVL = "Higher," EDYRTOTAL = YRSCHL + y If EDUCLVL = "Missing," EDYRTOTAL = "Missing" In the above equations, "x" equals the number of years needed to complete primary education, and "y" equals the number of years needed to complete primary and secondary education. The values of "x" and "y" are country-specific. 98 Missing 97 Don't know 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 01 1 00 0 96 Inconsistent 27 27 Education Variables -- TOPICS Summary educational achievement 12. What is the highest level of school (NAME) has attended? What is the highest class (NAME) has completed at that level? LEVEL 1 PRIMARY 2 SECONDARY 3 COLLEGE OR UNIVERSITY 8 DON'T KNOW CLASS 00 LESS THAN 1 YEAR COMPLETED 98 DON'T KNOW EDACHIEVER (V149) is a summary variable that reports the woman's highest level of education in broad categories. Countries vary in the gradations of their school systems, but EDACHIEVER is a standardized variable providing the level of education in six categories: No education, Incomplete primary, Complete primary, Incomplete secondary, Complete secondary, and Higher. EDACHIEVER is constructed from information contained in EDUCLVL (V106) and YRSCHL (V107). 0 No education 1 Incomplete primary 2 Complete primary 3 Incomplete secondary 4 Complete secondary 5 Higher 8 Missing Education Variables -- TOPICS Partner's educational level 804. What was the highest level of school he attended: primary, secondary, or higher? PRIMARY 1 SECONDARY 2 HIGHER 3 DON'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 806) For women who had ever been married or lived with a man, HUSEDLVL (V701) reports the highest level of school attended by their most recent husband/partner. Countries vary in the gradations of their school systems, but HUSEDLVL is a standardized variable reporting the level of education in four categories: No education, Primary, Secondary, and Higher. The DHS recode manuals state, "In some countries the educational system does not fit naturally within this scheme, and a different categorization was used for the Final Report. In this case, this variable is constructed as accurately as possible from the country's own scheme, and the variable used for the Final Report is included as a country-specific variable." 0 No education 1 Primary 2 Secondary 3 Higher 4 Other 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Partner's highest year of education in level 805. What was the highest (grade or form or year) he completed at that level? GRADE ___ DON'T KNOW 98 For women whose most recent husband/partner had ever attended school, HUSEDYR (V702) reports the number of years of schooling completed by their husband/partner at the educational level (primary, secondary, or higher) reported in HUSEDLVL (V701). For the husband's total years of education, see HUSEDYRS (V715). 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 95 Other 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Partner's education in total years schooling 804. What was the highest level of school he attended: primary, secondary, or higher? PRIMARY 1 SECONDARY 2 HIGHER 3 DON'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 806) For women who had ever been married or lived with a man, HUSEDYRS (V715) reports the education of the woman's most recent husband/partner in single years. This variable is constructed from responses to HUSEDLVL (V701) and HUSEDYR (V702) as follows: If HUSEDLVL = "No education," HUSEDYRS = "0" If HUSEDLVL = "Primary," HUSEDYRS = HUSEDYR If HUSEDLVL = "Secondary," HUSEDYRS = HUSEDYR + x If HUSEDLVL = "Higher," HUSEDYRS = HUSEDYR + y If HUSEDLVL = "Missing," HUSEDYRS = "Missing" In the above equations, "x" equals the number of years needed to complete primary education, and "y" equals the number of years needed to complete primary and secondary education. The values of "x" and "y" are country-specific. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 95 Other 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Husband's summary educational achievement 804. What was the highest level of school he attended: primary, secondary, or higher? PRIMARY 1 SECONDARY 2 HIGHER 3 DON'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 806) HUSEDACHIEVER (V729) is a summary variable that reports the highest level of education in broad categories for the woman's husband/partner. Countries vary in the gradations of their school systems, but HUSEDACHIEVER is a standardized variable providing the level of education in six categories: No education, Incomplete primary, Complete primary, Incomplete secondary, Complete secondary, and Higher. HUSEDACHIEVER is constructed from information contained in the HUSEDLVL (V701) and HUSEDYR (V702) variables. 0 No education 1 Incomplete primary 2 Complete primary 3 Incomplete secondary 4 Complete secondary 5 Higher 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Reads newspaper once a week 112. How often do you read newspaper or magazine: every day, at least once a week, or less than once a week? EVERY DAY 1 AT LEAST ONCE A WEEK 2 LESS THAN ONCE A WEEK 3 NEWSWK (V109) indicates whether the woman usually reads a newspaper or magazine at least once a week. For a comparable variable reporting the frequency of newspaper or magazine reading, see NEWSFQ (V157). For a variable bridging NEWSWK and NEWSFQ, see NEWSBRIG. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Media exposure Variables -- TOPICS Frequency of reading newspaper or magazine 112. How often do you read newspaper or magazine: every day, at least once a week, or less than once a week? EVERY DAY 1 AT LEAST ONCE A WEEK 2 LESS THAN ONCE A WEEK 3 NEWSFQ (V157) reports how often the woman usually reads a newspaper or magazine (not at all, less than once a week, once a week or more often, or almost every day). For a potentially comparable variable asking whether the woman reads the newspaper or a magazine at least once a week, see NEWSWK (V109). For a variable bridging NEWSFQ and NEWSWK, see NEWSBRIG. 00 Not at all 10 Less than once a week 20 Once a week or more 21 At least once a week 22 Almost every day 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) 97 Don't know Media exposure Variables -- TOPICS Reads newspaper: Bridging variable 112. How often do you read newspaper or magazine: every day, at least once a week, or less than once a week? EVERY DAY 1 AT LEAST ONCE A WEEK 2 LESS THAN ONCE A WEEK 3 NEWSBRIG serves as a bridging variable between two approaches to collecting information on exposure to newspapers and magazines. For DHS Phases 1-3, respondents were asked whether they read a newspaper or magazine at least once a week (NEWSWK (V109)). Beginning in DHS Phase 4, respondents were asked how often they read newspapers or magazines (NEWSFQ (V157)). NEWSBRIG uses composite coding to combine data from these two approaches. See Comparability for more information. 00 No 01 No, not at all 02 No, less than once a week 10 Yes 11 At least once a week 12 Almost every day 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) 97 Don't know Media exposure Variables -- TOPICS Watches TV every week 114A. How often do you watch television: every day, at least once a week, or less than once a week? EVERY DAY 1 AT LEAST ONCE A WEEK 2 LESS THAN ONCE A WEEK 3 TVWK (V110) indicates whether the woman usually watches television at least once a week. For a comparable variable reporting the frequency of watching television, see TVFQ (V159). For a variable bridging TVWK and TVFQ, see TVBRIG. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Media exposure Variables -- TOPICS Frequency of watching television 114A. How often do you watch television: every day, at least once a week, or less than once a week? EVERY DAY 1 AT LEAST ONCE A WEEK 2 LESS THAN ONCE A WEEK 3 TVFQ (V159) reports how often the woman usually watches television (not at all, less than once a week, at least once a week, or almost every day). For a comparable variable asking whether the woman watches television at least once a week, see TVWK (V110). For a variable bridging TVFQ and TVWK (V110), see TVBRIG. 00 Not at all 10 Less than once a week 20 Once a week or more 21 At least once a week 22 Almost every day 98 Missing 97 Don't know Media exposure Variables -- TOPICS Watches television: Bridging variable 114A. How often do you watch television: every day, at least once a week, or less than once a week? EVERY DAY 1 AT LEAST ONCE A WEEK 2 LESS THAN ONCE A WEEK 3 TVBRIG serves as a bridging variable between two approaches to collecting information on exposure to television. For DHS Phases 1-3, respondents were asked whether they watch television at least once a week (TVWK (V110)). Beginning in DHS Phase 4, respondents were asked how often they watch television (TVFQ (V159)). TVBRIG uses composite coding to combine data from these two approaches; see Comparability. 00 No 01 No, not at all 02 No, less than once a week 10 Yes 11 At least once a week 12 Almost every day 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) 97 Don't know Media exposure Variables -- TOPICS Frequency of listening to radio 113A. How often do you listen to the radio: every day, at least once a week, or less than once a week? EVERY DAY 1 AT LEAST ONCE A WEEK 2 LESS THAN ONCE A WEEK 3 RADIOFQ (V158) reports how often the woman usually listens to the radio (not at all, less than once a week, at least once a week, or almost every day). For a comparable variable that asks about whether the woman listens to the radio at least once a week, see RADIOWK (V112). For a variable bridging RADIOFQ and RADIOWK (V112), see RADIOBRIG. 00 Not at all 10 Less than once a week 20 Once a week or more 21 At least once a week 22 Almost every day 98 Missing 97 Don't know Media exposure Variables -- TOPICS Listens to radio: Bridging variable 113A. How often do you listen to the radio: every day, at least once a week, or less than once a week? EVERY DAY 1 AT LEAST ONCE A WEEK 2 LESS THAN ONCE A WEEK 3 RADIOBRIG serves as a bridging variable between two approaches to collecting information on exposure to the radio. For DHS Phases 1-3, respondents were asked whether they listen to the radio at least once a week (RADIOWK (V112)). Beginning in DHS Phase 4, respondents were asked how often they listen to the radio (RADIOFQ (V158)). RADIOBRIG uses composite coding to combine data from these two approaches; see Comparability. 00 No 01 Not at all 02 Less than once a week 10 Yes 11 At least once a week 12 Almost every day 98 Missing 97 Don't know Media exposure Variables -- TOPICS Final say on making large household purchases 812. Who in your family usually has the final say on the following decisions: Your own health care? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Child health care? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Making large household purchases? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Making household purchases for daily needs? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Visits to family, friends, or relatives? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 What food should be cooked each day? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 DECBIGHH (V743B) indicates who in the woman's household usually makes decisions regarding large household purchases. 10 Woman alone 20 Woman and husband/partner 30 Woman and someone else 40 Husband/partner 50 Someone else 51 Other senior male 52 Other senior female 60 Other or not applicable 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) 53 Family elders/relatives Decision-making Variables -- TOPICS Final say on household purchases for daily needs 812. Who in your family usually has the final say on the following decisions: Your own health care? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Child health care? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Making large household purchases? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Making household purchases for daily needs? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Visits to family, friends, or relatives? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 What food should be cooked each day? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 DECDAILYPUR (V743C) indicates who in the woman's household usually makes decisions regarding household purchases for daily needs. 1 Woman alone 2 Woman and husband/partner 3 Woman and someone else 4 Husband/partner 5 Someone else 6 Other or not applicable 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Decision-making Variables -- TOPICS Final say on visits to family or relatives 812. Who in your family usually has the final say on the following decisions: Your own health care? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Child health care? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Making large household purchases? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Making household purchases for daily needs? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Visits to family, friends, or relatives? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 What food should be cooked each day? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 DECFAMVISIT (V743D) indicates who in the woman's household usually makes decisions regarding (the woman's) visits to family or relatives. 1 Woman alone 2 Woman and husband/partner 3 Woman and someone else 4 Husband/partner 5 Someone else 6 Other or not applicable 7 Family elders/relatives 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Decision-making Variables -- TOPICS Final say on woman's health care 812. Who in your family usually has the final say on the following decisions: Your own health care? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Child health care? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Making large household purchases? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Making household purchases for daily needs? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Visits to family, friends, or relatives? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 What food should be cooked each day? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 DECFEMHCARE (V743A) indicates who in the woman's household usually makes decisions regarding the woman's own healthcare. 1 Woman alone 2 Woman and husband/partner 3 Woman and someone else 4 Husband/partner 5 Someone else 6 Other/not applicable 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 7 Family elders/relatives Decision-making Variables -- TOPICS Final say on food to be cooked 812. Who in your family usually has the final say on the following decisions: Your own health care? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Child health care? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Making large household purchases? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Making household purchases for daily needs? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Visits to family, friends, or relatives? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 What food should be cooked each day? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 DECFOOD (V743E) indicates who in the woman's household usually makes decisions regarding food to be cooked each day. 1 Woman alone 2 Woman and husband/partner 3 Woman and someone else 4 Husband/partner 5 Someone else 6 Other or not applicable 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Decision-making Variables -- TOPICS Final say on children's health care 812. Who in your family usually has the final say on the following decisions: Your own health care? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Child health care? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Making large household purchases? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Making household purchases for daily needs? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 Visits to family, friends, or relatives? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 What food should be cooked each day? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 RESPONDENT AND SOMEONE ELSE JOINTLY 5 DECKIDHEALTH reports who has the final say on the children's health care. The related variable DECKIDHCARE (V466) indicates whether the respondent can decide whether a sick child gets medical treatment. 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 6 Other or not applicable 5 Someone else 4 Husband/partner 3 Woman and someone else 2 Woman and husband/partner 1 Woman alone Decision-making Variables -- TOPICS Can visit health center/hospital alone 819. Can you go to a health center or hospital alone (or with your young children)? YES, ALONE 1 YES, WITH CHILDREN 2 YES, WITH HUSBAND 3 NO 4 OTHER (SPECIFY) 6 DECHLCENTERGO indicates whether the respondent is allowed to go to a health center or hospital alone or with someone else. The related variable HLCENTERGO indicates whether the respondent goes to a health center or hospital alone or with her young children. 00 No 10 Yes, alone 20 Yes, with someone else 21 Yes, with children 22 Yes, with husband 23 Yes, with relatives 90 No child 95 Other 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Decision-making Variables -- TOPICS Can leave town alone 816. Can you go outside the village or town or city along (or with your young children)? YES, ALONE 1 YES, WITH CHILDREN 2 NO 3 (GO TO 818) OTHER (SPECIFY) 6 DECLEAVETOWN indicates whether the respondent is allowed to leave the village/town/city alone or with someone else. The related variable LEAVETOWN indicates whether the respondent leaves the village/town/city alone or with her young children. 00 No 10 Yes, alone 20 Yes, with someone else 21 Yes, with children 95 Other 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Decision-making Variables -- TOPICS Visits health center/hospital alone or with young children 818. Do you go to a health center or hospital alone (or with you young children)? YES, ALONE 1 (GO TO 8120) YES, WITH CHILDREN 2 (GO TO 820) YES, WITH HUSBAND 3 (GO TO 820) NO 4 OTHER (SPECIFY) 6 (GO TO 820) HLCENTERGO indicates whether the respondent goes to a health center or hospital alone or with her young children. 00 Does not go 10 By herself 20 With someone else 32 Yes, with husband 33 Yes, with relatives 90 No child 95 Other 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Other decision-making Variables -- TOPICS Leaves town alone or with young children 815. Do you go outside the village or town or city alone (or with your young children)? YES, ALONE 1 (GO TO 817) YES, WITH CHILDREN 2 (GO TO 817) NO 3 OTHER (SPECIFY) 6 (GO TO 817) LEAVETOWN indicates whether the respondent leaves the village/town/city alone or with her young children. 10 Yes, alone 20 Yes, with children 30 Other responses 31 No 32 Yes, with husband 33 Other, unspecified 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Other decision-making Variables -- TOPICS Frequency leaves town alone or with young children 817. How frequently do you go outside this village or town or city? ONCE A MONTH OR MORE 1 SEVERAL TIMES A YEAR 2 ONCE A YEAR OR LESS 3 NEVER 4 LEAVETOWNFQ reports how frequently the respondent leaves the village/town/city alone or with her young children. 0 Never 1 Once a year or less 2 Several times a year 3 Once a month or more 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Other decision-making Variables -- TOPICS Frequency goes shopping 813. How frequently do you go shopping or marketing? ONCE A MONTH OR MORE 1 SEVERAL TIMES A YEAR 2 ONCE A YEAR OR LESS 3 NEVER 4 (GO TO 815) SHOPFQ reports how frequently the respondent goes shopping or to the market. 0 Never 1 Once a year or less 2 Several times a year 3 Once a month or more 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Other decision-making Variables -- TOPICS Who accompanies respondent when she goes shopping 814. Do you usually go by yourself or do you go with children or your husband or other relatives? BY HERSELF 1 WITH CHILDREN 2 WITH HUSBAND 3 WITH RELATIVES 4 SHOPWITH indicates whether the respondent goes or is allowed to go shopping alone or with other people. 00 Does not go 10 By herself 20 With someone else 21 With children 22 With husband 23 With relatives/friends 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Other decision-making Variables -- TOPICS Fertility preferences 602. CHECK 226: NOT PREGNANT OR UNSURE: Now I have some questions about the future. Would you like to have (a or another) child, or would you prefer not to have any (more) children? PREGNANT: Now I have some questions about the future. After the child you are expecting now, would you like to have another child, or would you prefer not to have any more children? HAVE (A OR ANOTHER) CHILD 1 NO MORE OR NONE 2 (GO TO 604) SAYS SHE CAN'T GET PREGNANT 3 (GO TO 609) UNDECIDED OR DON'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 609) For countries with low contraceptive prevalence, FERTPREF (V602) reports responses to the question, "Would you like to have a (another) child or would you prefer not to have any (more) children"? The standard response categories are "have another," "no more/none," "says she can't get pregnant," and "undecided or don't know." In Phase I, FERTPREF (V602), was constructed from two questions in countries with high contraceptive prevalence (Model "A" questionnaires). Women who responded that they want another child, but when asked when they would like the next child, respond that they cannot get pregnant, are classified in the "declared infecund category," and not in the "Wants another" category. Some samples also include the response "up to God." More detailed responses under the general category "says she can't get pregnant" are sometimes available. In IPUMS-DHS, all responses in the general category of "not at risk of pregnancy" share a common first digit of 5, while the second digit distinguishes between the specific reasons. In some countries, women who never had sexual intercourse (coded as "53" in IPUMS-DHS) were not asked the questions relating to their desire for future children. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Missing 53 Never had sex 52 Declared infecund 51 Sterilized 50 Not at risk of pregnancy 40 Up to God 30 No more 20 Undecided 10 Have another General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Unmet need for FP 612. What is the main reason that you will not use a method at any time in the future? FERTILITY-RELATED REASONS NOT HAVING SEX 11 INFREQUENT SEX 12 MENOPAUSAL OR HYSTERECTOMY 13 SUB FECUND OR INFECUND 14 POSTPARTUM AMENORRHEIC 15 BREASTFEEDING 16 FATALISTIC 17 OPPOSITION TO USE RESPONDENT OPPOSED 21 HUSBAND OPPOSED 22 OTHERS OPPOSED 23 RELIGIOUS PROHIBITION 24 LACK OF KNOWLEDGE KNOWS NO METHOD 31 KNOWS NO SOURCE 32 METHOD-RELATED REASONS HEALTH CONCERNS 41 REAR OF SIDE EFFECTS 42 LACK OF ACCESS OR TOO FAR 43 COST TOO MUCH 45 INCONVENIENT TO USE 46 INTERFERES WITH BODY'S NORMAL PROCESSES 47 OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 DON'T KNOW 98 UNMETNEED (V624) is a constructed variable that reports a woman's need for family planning according to whether she has an unmet need or a met need to space or to limit her future births. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. The following describes the constructed categories in more detail: Unmet need for spacing includes pregnant women whose pregnancy was mistimed, postpartum amenorrheic women whose last birth was mistimed, and fecund women who are neither pregnant nor postpartum amenorrheic and who are not using any method of family planning and say they want to wait two or more years for their next birth, are undecided about the timing of the next birth, or are undecided whether to have another child. Unmet need for limiting includes pregnant women whose pregnancy was unwanted, postpartum amenorrheic women whose last birth was unwanted, and fecund women who are neither pregnant nor postpartum amenorrheic and who are not using any method of family planning and who want no more children. Met need for spacing includes women who are using some method of family planning and say they want to have another child, are undecided about the timing of the next birth, or are undecided whether to have another child. Met need for limiting includes women who are using family planning and who want no more children. Note that the specific methods (modern or traditional) are not taken into account here. Met need describes women who have no need for contraceptive methods, either because they desire a child soon (within the next two years) or because they are menopausal or infecund. In high contraceptive prevalence countries (Model "A" countries), pregnant and postpartum amenorrheic women whose pregnancy was the result of a contraceptive failure are not included in the category of unmet need, but they are categorized as spacing failures or limiting failures. In low contraceptive prevalence countries (Model "B" countries), no such distinction is made, since information was not collected on contraceptive failure. Infecund women are also excluded from the unmet need categories. The "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" provides the following definitions: Fecundity: A woman is assumed to be fecund unless she declares that she is infecund, had a hysterectomy, or is menopausic. Women who are neither pregnant nor postpartum amenorrheic but who have not menstruated for six or more months, and married women who have not used contraception in the past five years but have not had a birth and are not pregnant, are also considered infecund. Failure to Space: This includes women who are pregnant (not due to a contraceptive failure) or are less than six months postpartum amenorrheic who say they wanted the current pregnancy later. Failure to Limit: This includes women who are pregnant (not due to a contraceptive failure) or are less than six months postpartum amenorrheic who say that they did not want another child before they became pregnant. Excluded from the unmet need category are women who became pregnant while using a method (these women are in need of a better method of contraception). The infecund or menopausal category on the UNMETNEED (V624) variable contains fewer cases than the EXPOSURE1 variable, because women who are categorized as infecund or menopausal, but are currently using a contraceptive method, are recorded in the two "met need" categories in UNMETNEED. UNMETNEED (V624) incorporates responses to the following variables: [EXPOSURE1/V623], which reports the woman's exposure to the risk of pregnancy, defined as pregnant, postpartum amenorrheic, menopausal or infecund, and fecund. [ V225], which reports whether a current pregnancy was wanted then, later or not at all (for women who were pregnant at the time of interview). [KIDDESIRE/V605] ,which reports whether the woman wants more children and when she would like them. [FPMETHNOW/V312] which reports the woman's current use of contraception. Users are also encouraged to see details of this variable provided in the "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006) [URL omitted from DDI.]. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Missing 61 Desire birth in less than 2 years 60 No unmet need 53 Never had sex 52 Not in union, not sexually active 51 Infecund or menopausal 50 Not at risk 41 No sex, want to wait 40 Future need for FP 32 Limiting failure 31 Spacing failure 30 Had FP failure 22 Using to limit 21 Using to space 20 Now using FP 12 Unmet need to limit 11 Unmet need to space 10 Has unmet need for FP General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Unmet need for FP (2nd def) 612. What is the main reason that you will not use a method at any time in the future? FERTILITY-RELATED REASONS NOT HAVING SEX 11 INFREQUENT SEX 12 MENOPAUSAL OR HYSTERECTOMY 13 SUB FECUND OR INFECUND 14 POSTPARTUM AMENORRHEIC 15 BREASTFEEDING 16 FATALISTIC 17 OPPOSITION TO USE RESPONDENT OPPOSED 21 HUSBAND OPPOSED 22 OTHERS OPPOSED 23 RELIGIOUS PROHIBITION 24 LACK OF KNOWLEDGE KNOWS NO METHOD 31 KNOWS NO SOURCE 32 METHOD-RELATED REASONS HEALTH CONCERNS 41 REAR OF SIDE EFFECTS 42 LACK OF ACCESS OR TOO FAR 43 COST TOO MUCH 45 INCONVENIENT TO USE 46 INTERFERES WITH BODY'S NORMAL PROCESSES 47 OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 DON'T KNOW 98 UNMETNEED2 (V626) is a constructed variable that indicates a woman's need for family planning according to whether she has an unmet need or a met need to space or to limit her future births. UNMETNEED2 is similar to UNMETNEED, but UNMETNEED2 differently categorizes women who are infecund or menopausal but are currently using a contraceptive method. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. The construction of UNMETNEED2 uses a definition of fecundity based on exposure status as reported in EXPOSURE2. UNMETNEED, by contrast, uses a definition of exposure status as reported in EXPOSURE1. See the descriptions of these two variables for discussion of their differences. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Unknown 53 No sex, want to wait/not married and no sex in last 30 days 52 Never had sex 51 Infecund, menopausal 50 Not at risk for pregnancy 41 Desire birth in less than 2 yrs 40 No unmet need 32 Limiting failure 31 Spacing failure 30 Family limitation failure 22 Using to limit 21 Using to space 20 Now using FP 12 Unmet need to limit 11 Unmet need to space 10 Has unmet need for FP General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Desire for more children 602. CHECK 226: NOT PREGNANT OR UNSURE: Now I have some questions about the future. Would you like to have (a or another) child, or would you prefer not to have any (more) children? PREGNANT: Now I have some questions about the future. After the child you are expecting now, would you like to have another child, or would you prefer not to have any more children? HAVE (A OR ANOTHER) CHILD 1 NO MORE OR NONE 2 (GO TO 604) SAYS SHE CAN'T GET PREGNANT 3 (GO TO 609) UNDECIDED OR DON'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 609) KIDDESIRE (V605) is a constructed variable that distinguishes between women who want another child soon (in less than two years), who want another child later (in 2+ years), who want no more children, and who aren't sure (about timing or about the number of children desired). When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. The construction of this variable has changed across phases of the DHS and varies across countries (only sometimes distinguishing between groups of women not at risk of pregnancy due to sterilization, infecundity, or virginity). To maximize comparability across samples, IPUMS-DHS employs composite coding. Women who want more children share a common first digit of 1, women not at risk of pregnancy share a common first digit of 6, and detail present in only some samples is specified in the code's second digit. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Unknown 63 Never had sex 62 Declared infecund 61 Sterilized 60 Not at risk of pregnancy 51 Up to God 50 Fatalistic response 40 Wants no more 30 Undecided 13 Wants, unsure timing 12 Wants after 2+ years 11 Wants within 2 years 10 Wants more children General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Wanted last child 228. At the time you became pregnant did you want to become pregnant then, did you want to wait until later, or did you not want to have any (more) children at all? THEN 1 LATER 2 NOT AT ALL 3 FPLCHDESIRE (V367) reports whether the woman's last born child was wanted at the time she got pregnant, was wanted but at a later time, or was not wanted at all. The cutoff point for when the woman's last child was born varies across samples; see Comparability. 1 Wanted last child then 2 Wanted last child later 3 Wanted no more children 7 Unsure 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Time wanted current pregnancy 228. At the time you became pregnant did you want to become pregnant then, did you want to wait until later, or did you not want to have any (more) children at all? THEN 1 LATER 2 NOT AT ALL 3 For women who are currently pregnant, PGDESIRE (V225) reports whether, at the time of becoming pregnant, the woman wanted her pregnancy then, later, or not at all. 1 Then 2 Later 3 Not at all 4 Up to God 7 Don't know/Not sure 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ideal number of children 614. CHECK 216: HAS LIVING CHILDREN: If you could go back to the time you did not have any children and could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be? NO LIVING CHILDREN: If you could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be? NUMBER ___ OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 (GO TO 616) IDEALKID (V613) reports the ideal total number of children the woman would have liked to have in her whole life, regardless of her actual childbearing. The information is collected through hypothetical questions such as, "If you could go back to the time you did not have any children and could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be?" (for women with living children) or "If you could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be?" (for women without living children). If the woman responded with a range of values, IDEALKID reports the midpoint between those values. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, "If the midpoint is not an exact number then the number is rounded up in half the cases and rounded down for the other half." The questionnaires included space for non-numeric "other" responses, such as "Up to God." When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 98 Missing 97 Don't know 66 Number she has currently 65 Depends on husband 64 As many as possible 63 Never thought about it 62 Any number/Fatalistic 61 Up to God/As Allah wills 60 Non-numeric response 50 50 49 49 48 48 47 47 46 46 45 45 44 44 43 43 42 42 41 41 40 40 39 39 38 38 37 37 36 36 35 35 34 34 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 01 1 00 0 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 67 As many as can care for 68 Doesn't want children 99 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ideal number of children (grouped) 614. CHECK 216: HAS LIVING CHILDREN: If you could go back to the time you did not have any children and could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be? NO LIVING CHILDREN: If you could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be? NUMBER ___ OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 (GO TO 616) Like IDEALKID, IDEALKIDGRP (V614) reports the total number of children the woman would hypothetically like to have in her whole life, regardless of her actual childbearing, but top-codes numeric responses at 6+ children and codes non-numeric responses as 7. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 8 Missing 7 Non-numeric response 6 6+ 5 5 4 4 3 3 2 2 1 1 0 [no label] 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ideal number of boy children 615. How many of these children would you like to be boys, how many would you like to be girls and for how many would it not matter? NUMBER OF BOYS ___ NUMBER OF GIRLS ___ EITHER ___ OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 Based on a follow-up question to IDEALKID (V613), which collects information about the ideal number of children the woman would hypothetically want to have in her whole life, IDEALBOYS (V627) reports how many of these children would ideally be boys. Numeric responses to IDEALBOYS (V627), IDEALGIRLS (V628), and IDEALBOTH (V629) should sum to the total number of children in IDEALKID (V613). Non-numeric responses (such as "up to God") are allowed for each of these variables. 98 Missing 97 Don't know 63 Never thought about it 62 Any number/Fatalistic 61 Up to God/As Allah wills 60 Non-numeric response 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 01 1 00 0 64 As many as possible 65 Depends on husband 99 NIU (not in universe) 66 Number she has currently 69 No sex preference General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ideal number of girl children 615. How many of these children would you like to be boys, how many would you like to be girls and for how many would it not matter? NUMBER OF BOYS ___ NUMBER OF GIRLS ___ EITHER ___ OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 Based on a follow-up question to IDEALKID (V613), which collects information about the ideal number of children the woman would hypothetically want to have in her whole life, IDEALGIRLS reports how many of these children would ideally be girls. Numeric responses to IDEALGIRLS (V628), IDEALBOYS (V627), and IDEALBOTH (V629) should sum to the total number of children in IDEALKID (V613). Non-numeric responses (such as "up to God") are allowed for each of these variables. 98 Missing 97 Don't know 63 Never thought about it 62 Any number/Fatalistic 61 God's decision/Allah's will 60 Non-numeric response 40 40 39 39 38 38 37 37 36 36 35 35 34 34 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 01 1 00 0 64 As many as possible 65 Depends on husband 99 NIU (not in universe) 66 Number she has currently 69 No sex preference General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ideal number of children of either sex 615. How many of these children would you like to be boys, how many would you like to be girls and for how many would it not matter? NUMBER OF BOYS ___ NUMBER OF GIRLS ___ EITHER ___ OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 Based on a follow-up question to IDEALKID (V613), which collects information about the ideal number of children the woman would hypothetically want to have in her whole life, IDEALBOTH (V629) reports the ideal number of children of either sex (i.e., with no gender preference). Numeric responses to IDEALGIRLS (V628), IDEALBOYS (V627), and IDEALBOTH (V629) should sum to the total number of children in IDEALKID. Non-numeric responses (such as "up to God") are allowed for each of these variables. 98 Missing 97 Don't know 63 Never thought about it 62 Any number/Fatalistic 61 Up to God/As Allah wills 60 Non-numeric response 40 40 39 39 38 38 37 37 36 36 35 35 34 34 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 01 1 00 0 64 As many as possible 65 Depends on husband 66 Number she has currently 99 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ideal time before future birth 603. CHECK 226: NOT PREGNANT OR UNSURE: How long would you like to wait from now before the birth of (a or another) child? PREGNANT: After the birth of the child you are expecting now, how long would you like to wait before the birth of another child? MONTHS 1 ___ YEARS 2 ___ SOON OR NOW 993 (GO TO 609) SAYS SHE CAN'T GET PREGNANT 994 (GO TO 609) OTHER (SPECIFY) 996 (GO TO 609) DON'T KNOW 998 (GO TO 609) IDEALBTHFUT (V616) reports how long the woman would like to wait before the birth of a/another child. 100 Less than 1 month 101 1 month 102 2 months 103 3 months 104 4 months 105 5 months 106 6 months 107 7 months 108 8 months 109 9 months 110 10 months 111 11 months 112 12 months 113 13 months 114 14 months 115 15 months 116 16 months 117 17 months 118 18 months 119 19 months 120 20 months 121 21 months 122 22 months 123 23 months 124 24 months 125 25 months 126 26 months 127 27 months 128 28 months 129 29 months 130 30 months 131 31 months 132 32 months 133 33 months 134 34 months 135 35 months 136 36 months 137 37 months 138 38 months 139 39 months 140 40 months 141 41 months 142 42 months 143 43 months 144 44 months 145 45 months 146 46 months 147 47 months 148 48 months 149 49 months 150 50 months 151 51 months 152 52 months 153 53 months 154 54 months 155 55 months 156 56 months 157 57 months 158 58 months 159 59 months 160 60 months 161 61 months 162 62 months 163 63 months 164 64 months 165 65 months 166 66 months 167 67 months 168 68 months 169 69 months 170 70 months 171 71 months 172 72 months 173 73 months 174 74 months 175 75 months 176 76 months 177 77 months 178 78 months 179 79 months 180 80 months 181 81 months 182 82 months 183 83 months 184 84 months 185 85 months 186 86 months 187 87 months 188 88 months 189 89 months 190 90 months 191 91 months 192 92 months 193 93 months 194 94 months 195 95 months 196 96 months 197 97 months 198 98 months 199 Months, unspecified number 200 Less than 1 year 201 1 year 202 2 years 203 3 years 204 4 years 205 5 years 206 6 years 207 7 years 208 8 years 209 9 years 210 10 years 211 11 years 212 12 years 213 13 years 214 14 years 215 15 years 216 16 years 217 17 years 218 18 years 219 19 years 220 20 years 221 21 years 222 22 years 223 23 years 224 24 years 225 25 years 226 26 years 227 27 years 228 28 years 229 29 years 230 30 years 231 31 years 232 32 years 233 33 years 234 34 years 235 35+ years 299 Years, number missing 989 Up to God 990 After finishing school 991 After marriage 992 When husband returns 993 After breastfeeding 994 At any time 995 Soon/now 996 Other 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Preferred waiting time for birth of a(nother) child 603. CHECK 226: NOT PREGNANT OR UNSURE: How long would you like to wait from now before the birth of (a or another) child? PREGNANT: After the birth of the child you are expecting now, how long would you like to wait before the birth of another child? MONTHS 1 ___ YEARS 2 ___ SOON OR NOW 993 (GO TO 609) SAYS SHE CAN'T GET PREGNANT 994 (GO TO 609) OTHER (SPECIFY) 996 (GO TO 609) DON'T KNOW 998 (GO TO 609) For women who want to have a/another child, PREFTIMECH (V603) reports the amount of time, in months or years, they would like to wait before the birth of a/another child (top-coded at 20 years). The complementary variable PREFTIMECH (V604) reports responses to the same question, but in terms of years only, top-coded at 6+ years. PREFTIMECH includes women who are either pregnant or at risk of pregnancy. However, the definition of "at risk of pregnancy" varies across samples, and the way this variable was asked and calculated also changed over time; see Comparability. 100 Less than one month (want now) 101 1 month 102 2 months 103 3 months 104 4 months 105 5 months 106 6 months 107 7 months 108 8 months 109 9 months 110 10 months 111 11 months 112 12 months 113 13 months 114 14 months 115 15 months 116 16 months 117 17 months 118 18 months 119 19 months 120 20 months 121 21 months 122 22 months 123 23 months 124 24 months 125 25 months 126 26 months 127 27 months 128 28 months 129 29 months 130 30 months 131 31 months 132 32 months 133 33 months 134 34 months 135 35 months 136 36 months 137 37 months 138 38 months 139 39 months 140 40 months 141 41 months 142 42 months 143 43 months 144 44 months 145 45 months 146 46 months 147 47 months 148 48 months 149 49 months 150 50 months 151 51 months 152 52 months 153 53 months 154 54 months 155 55 months 156 56 months 157 57 months 158 58 months 159 59 months 160 60 months 161 61 months 162 62 months 163 63 months 164 64 months 165 65 months 166 66 months 167 67 months 168 68 months 169 69 months 170 70 months 171 71 months 172 72 months 173 73 months 174 74 months 175 75 months 176 76 months 177 77 months 178 78 months 179 79 months 180 80 months 181 81 months 182 82 months 183 83 months 184 84 months 185 85 months 186 86 months 187 87 months 188 88 months 189 89 months 190 90 months 191 91 months 192 92 months 193 93 months 194 94 months 195 95 months 196 96 months 197 97 months 198 98 months 199 Months, number unspecified 200 Less than one year 201 1 year 202 2 years 203 3 years 204 4 years 205 5 years 206 6 years 207 7 years 208 8 years 209 9 years 210 10 years 211 11 years 212 12 years 213 13 years 214 14 years 215 15 years 216 16 years 217 17 years 218 18 years 219 19 years 220 20 years or more 299 Years, number unspecified 987 After weaning 989 After finishing school 990 When spouse returns 991 Up to God 992 After marriage 993 Any time 994 Soon or immediately 995 Other, non-numeric response 996 Inconsistent response 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Preferred waiting time for birth of a(nother) child (grouped) 603. CHECK 226: NOT PREGNANT OR UNSURE: How long would you like to wait from now before the birth of (a or another) child? PREGNANT: After the birth of the child you are expecting now, how long would you like to wait before the birth of another child? MONTHS 1 ___ YEARS 2 ___ SOON OR NOW 993 (GO TO 609) SAYS SHE CAN'T GET PREGNANT 994 (GO TO 609) OTHER (SPECIFY) 996 (GO TO 609) DON'T KNOW 998 (GO TO 609) For women who want to have a/another child, PREFTIMECHGP (V604) reports the amount of time, in years, they would like to wait before the birth of a/another child, top-coded at 6+ years. PREFTIMECHGP includes women who are either pregnant or at risk of pregnancy. However, the definition of "at risk of pregnancy" varies across samples; see Comparability. The related variable PREFTIMECH presents the same information in greater detail, in terms of months or years, top-coded at 20 years. 00 Less than 12 months 01 1 year 02 2 years 03 3 years 04 4 years 05 5 years 06 6 or more years 96 Non-numeric response 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Husband's desire for children 622. Do you think your husband wants the same number of children that you want, or does he want more or fewer than you want? SAME NUMBER 1 MORE CHILDREN 2 FEWER CHILDREN 3 DON'T KNOW 8 HUSFERTPREF (V621) reports whether the woman believes her partner wants the same number of children, more children, or fewer children than she wants. 01 Both want same 02 Husband wants more 03 Husband wants fewer 07 Don't Know 08 Missing 09 NIU (not in universe) 04 Both provided non-numeric response General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Respondent approves of couples using FP 616. Would you say that you approve or disapprove of couples using a method to avoid getting pregnant? APPROVE 1 DISAPPROVE 2 DON'T KNOW OR UNSURE 8 FPAPPROVE (V612) indicates whether the woman approves, in general, of the use of family planning to avoid a pregnancy. 0 Disapproves 1 Approves 3 Depends 7 Don't know/Undecided 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Husband approves FP use 620. Now I want to ask you about your husband's views on family planning. Do you think that your husband approves or disapproves of couples using a method to avoid pregnancy? APPROVES 1 DISAPPROVES 2 DON'T KNOW 8 HUSPROFP (V610) indicates whether the woman believes her husband or male partner approves of couples using a family planning method to avoid pregnancy. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 10 Disapproves 20 Approves or indifferent 21 Approves 22 Indifferent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Fecund, pregnant, amenorrheic, or infecund 612. What is the main reason that you will not use a method at any time in the future? FERTILITY-RELATED REASONS NOT HAVING SEX 11 INFREQUENT SEX 12 MENOPAUSAL OR HYSTERECTOMY 13 SUB FECUND OR INFECUND 14 POSTPARTUM AMENORRHEIC 15 BREASTFEEDING 16 FATALISTIC 17 OPPOSITION TO USE RESPONDENT OPPOSED 21 HUSBAND OPPOSED 22 OTHERS OPPOSED 23 RELIGIOUS PROHIBITION 24 LACK OF KNOWLEDGE KNOWS NO METHOD 31 KNOWS NO SOURCE 32 METHOD-RELATED REASONS HEALTH CONCERNS 41 REAR OF SIDE EFFECTS 42 LACK OF ACCESS OR TOO FAR 43 COST TOO MUCH 45 INCONVENIENT TO USE 46 INTERFERES WITH BODY'S NORMAL PROCESSES 47 OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 DON'T KNOW 98 EXPOSURE1 (V623) is a constructed variable that draws upon responses to several questions to differentiate between pregnant women, postpartum amenorrheic women, menopausal or infecund women, and fecund women. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, these categories are actualized as follows: Pregnant women Postpartum amenorrheic women are those whose period has not returned since the last birth in the three/five years preceding the survey. Women are defined as being menopausal if they are not pregnant and not postpartum amenorrheic, are not currently using a contraceptive method, and have not had a period in the six months preceding the survey or report they are in menopause. Women are defined as being infecund if they are not menopausal and not postpartum amenorrheic and not pregnant, have had no birth in the five years preceding the survey, and either (Model "A" countries) have been continuously married and have not used contraception in the five years preceding the survey, or (Model "B" countries) have been married one time and first married five or more years before the survey and have never used contraception. Fecund women are all women not included in the preceding categories. 3 Infecund, menopausal 2 Amenorrheic 1 Pregnant 0 Fecund 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Fecund, pregnant, amenorrheic, or infecund (2nd def) 612. What is the main reason that you will not use a method at any time in the future? FERTILITY-RELATED REASONS NOT HAVING SEX 11 INFREQUENT SEX 12 MENOPAUSAL OR HYSTERECTOMY 13 SUB FECUND OR INFECUND 14 POSTPARTUM AMENORRHEIC 15 BREASTFEEDING 16 FATALISTIC 17 OPPOSITION TO USE RESPONDENT OPPOSED 21 HUSBAND OPPOSED 22 OTHERS OPPOSED 23 RELIGIOUS PROHIBITION 24 LACK OF KNOWLEDGE KNOWS NO METHOD 31 KNOWS NO SOURCE 32 METHOD-RELATED REASONS HEALTH CONCERNS 41 REAR OF SIDE EFFECTS 42 LACK OF ACCESS OR TOO FAR 43 COST TOO MUCH 45 INCONVENIENT TO USE 46 INTERFERES WITH BODY'S NORMAL PROCESSES 47 OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 DON'T KNOW 98 Like EXPOSURE1, EXPOSURE2 (V625) is a constructed variable that draws upon responses to several questions to distinguish between pregnant women, postpartum amenorrheic women, menopausal or infecund women, and fecund women. EXPOSURE2 uses a more liberal definition of infecundity than EXPOSURE1, however. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. The DHS Recode Manuals explain the differences between these two variables as follows: For Model "B" countries, it is only possible to say that a woman had been continuously married throughout the preceding five years if she was in her first union. This definition has been relaxed in V625 [EXPOSURE2], such that the respondent need only have been married at least five years ago, and not continuously married throughout the last five years. For Model "A" countries, there is no change to this part of the definition. [For EXPOSURE2] Two additional variables have been used to declare a woman infecund. If the respondent said that she cannot get pregnant when asked about preferences for additional children, or if she reported that she was menopausal or had a hysterectomy when giving the reason she was not currently using a contraceptive method, the respondent is coded as infecund. Model A countries and Model B countries are defined according to whether the country based its questionnaire on the Model A or Model B standard DHS questionnaire for DHS phases one through four. In general, the Model A questionnaire was designed for use in countries with high contraceptive prevalence. Nonetheless, countries with relatively low contraceptive prevalence sometimes modeled their own questionnaire on the Model A standard questionnaire. This was the case, for example, for the Kenyan samples for 1998 and 2003 and the Malawi samples for 2000 and 2004. 0 Fecund 1 Pregnant 2 Amenorrheic 3 Infecund, menopausal 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know any type of FP method SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPKNOTYP (V301) is a summary (recoded) variable indicating whether the woman knew any family planning method and, if so, whether she knew a modern method or only a traditional or folkloric method. In the DHS, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet) that vary across samples. 00 Knows no method 10 Knows only traditional or folkloric method 11 Knows only folkloric method 12 Knows only traditional method 20 Knows modern method 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about Pill for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPKNOPILL (V304_01) indicates whether the woman knew about the Pill as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about IUD for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPKNOIUD (V304_02) indicates whether the woman knew about the IUD (intra-uterine device) as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. In probe questions, an IUD was often described as "a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse." 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about injectable FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPKNOINJ (V304_03) indicates whether the woman knew about injectables as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. For the probe question, injectables were typically defined as "an injection by a doctor or nurse, which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months." 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about condom for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPKNOCON (V304_05) indicates whether the woman knew about male condoms as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about female sterilization for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPKNOFST (V304_06) indicates whether the woman knew about female sterilization as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about male sterilization for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPKNOMST (V304_07) indicates whether the woman knew about male sterilization as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about female condom for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPKNOFC (V304_14) indicates whether the woman knew about female condoms as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about implants or Norplant for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPKNOIMP (V304_11) indicates whether the woman knew about implants (such as Norplant) as a method for family planning. Implants were generally described as "small rods placed in their arm by a doctor, which stops them from becoming pregnant for several years." Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Knows about lactational amenorrhea as a method of family planning SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPKNOLAM (V304_13) indicates whether the woman knew about the lactational amenorrhea method (LAM) as a method for family planning. The complementary variable FPEVUSLAM indicates whether the woman had ever used LAM as a means to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about withdrawal for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPKNOWD (V304_09) indicates whether the woman knew about withdrawal as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about rhythm for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPKNORHY (V304_08) indicates whether the woman knew about the rhythm method (periodic abstinence at the high-fertility part of the woman's menstrual cycle) as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 10 Yes 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 00 No 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Knows about other contraceptive as a method of family planning SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPKNOOM (V304_10) indicates whether the woman knew about any "other" method(s) as a method of family planning. The complementary variable FPEVUSOM indicates whether the woman had ever used any "other" method(s) to delay or avoid a pregnancy. The meaning of "other" in this case depends on the specific response categories included in a given sample. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Known source for FP 328. Do you know of a place where you can obtain a method of family planning? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 330) FPKNOANYSRC (V379) reports the source where the respondent knows contraceptives can be obtained. This variable is constructed from a series of questions. Because the questions used to construct this variable changed slightly across phases, IPUMS-DHS users are encouraged to review the Comparability tab. The related variable FPKNOANYSRCS (V380) reports known sources for contraceptives, in standardized categories. 0000 No one/did not consult source 1000 PUBLIC SECTOR 1100 Government hospital 1110 Referral/specialty hospital 1120 National/central hospital 1130 Regional/provincial hospital 1140 Urban hospital 1150 District/rural hospital 1151 District hospital 1152 Rural hospital 1160 University/teaching hospital 1161 University hospital 1162 Teaching hospital 1200 Government health center 1210 Referral health center 1220 Community health center 1230 Urban health center 1240 Rural health center 1250 Integrated health center 1260 Family welfare center 1270 Primary health center 1300 Government pharmacy/dispensary 1310 Government pharmacy 1320 Government dispensary 1400 Government maternity home 1410 Mother and child health (MCH) center 1420 Rural maternity clinic 1500 Government family planning clinic 1510 Stand-alone family planning clinic 1520 Mobile family planning clinic 1600 Government outreach 1610 Government health post 1611 Village health post 1620 Government mobile clinic 1630 Government health worker 1631 Fieldworker 1632 Community-based distribution agent (CBDA) 1633 Community/village health worker 1634 Health surveillance assistant (HSA) 1635 Paramedic 1636 Doctor 1637 Nurse 1900 Other public sector 1901 Camp 1902 Health box 1903 Health station/clinic 1904 Health office 1905 Community clinic 1906 Health insurance organization 1907 Curative care organization 1908 Parastatal health facility 1909 Female Community Health Volunteer Program (FCHV) of Nepal 2000 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR 2100 Private hospital/clinic 2110 Private hospital 2111 Referral/specialty hospital 2120 Private clinic 2200 Private doctor 2210 Qualified doctor 2220 Traditional doctor 2230 Doctor/birth attendant 2300 Private pharmacy/dispensary 2310 Private pharmacy 2320 Private dispensary 2400 Private family planning clinic 2500 Private outreach 2510 Private mobile clinic 2520 Private health worker 2521 Fieldworker 2522 Community-based distribution agent (CBDA) 2523 Nurse 2524 Paramedic 2526 Community/village health worker 2527 Midwife 2600 Private health center 2610 VCT center 2700 Private maternity home 2900 Other private medical sector 2901 Care room 2902 Tent 3000 NGO FACILITY 3100 NGO health facility 3110 Static clinic 3120 Satellite clinic 3130 Community-based outlet 3140 UN Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA) 3150 International Rescue Committee (IRC) 3200 NGO health worker 3210 Depot holder 3220 Fieldworker 3300 Country-specific NGOs 3301 AMO Congo 3302 Egypt family planning association (EFPA) 3303 CSI project 3304 Family Guidance Association of Ethiopia (FGAE) 3305 BLM 3306 MACRO 3307 Marie Stopes 3308 Red Cross Society 3309 AFGA 3310 Family Planning Association of Nepal (FPAN) 3311 Institute for Family Health (IFH) 3900 Other NGO facility 4000 RELIGIOUS/MISSION 4100 Religious hospital/clinic 4110 Religious hospital 4111 Religious referral/specialty hospital 4112 Religious district hospital 4120 Religious clinic 4200 Religious health center/dispensary 4210 Religious health center 4211 Mosque health center 4212 Church health center 4220 Religious dispensary 4300 Religious mobile clinic 4400 Religious door-to-door 4900 Other religious 5000 OTHER 5100 Shop/market 5110 Shop 5111 General dealer 5112 Supermarket/tuck shop 5113 Service station 5120 Market 5130 Kiosk 5140 Gas station 5190 Other retail 5200 Relative/friend 5210 Partner 5300 Church/mosque/temple 5400 Bar/nightclub/hotel 5410 Bar/nightclub 5420 Hotel 5500 Other institutions 5510 Youth center 5520 Workplace 5521 Respondent's workplace 5522 Partner's workplace 5530 School 5600 Traditional practitioner 5610 Traditional birth attendant (TBA) 5620 Vaidya/hakim/homeopath 5700 Informal channels 5710 Drug vendor 9992 Not asked 9993 Non-user: Knows source 9994 Multiple responses given 9995 Other 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Known source for FP, standardized 328. Do you know of a place where you can obtain a method of family planning? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 330) FPKNOANYSRCS (V380) reports the source from which the woman knows contraceptives can be obtained. This variable is constructed from a series of questions, and answers were recorded using standard responses and codes that are consistent across countries and phases. Because the questions used to construct this variable changed slightly across phases, IPUMS-DHS users are encouraged to review the Comparability tab. 01 Government clinic/pharmacy 02 Government home/community delivery 03 NGO 04 Private clinic/delivery 05 Private pharmacy 06 Church, shop, friends 07 Other 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Current FP use by method type (folk, traditional, modern) 311. Which method are you using? 311A. CIRCLE '01' FOR FEMALE STERILIZATION. FEMALE STERILIZATION 01 (GO TO 313) MALE STERILIZATION 02 (GO TO 313) PILL 03 IUD 04 (GO TO 318) INJECTIONS 05 (GO TO 318) IMPLANTS 06 (GO TO 318) CONDOM 07 (GO TO 312C) PERIODIC ABSTINENCE 09 (GO TO 318) WITHDRAWAL 10 (GO TO 318) LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD 11 (GO TO 318) OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 (GO TO 318) FPTYPNOW (V313) indicates whether the woman is currently using a modern, traditional, or folkloric method of contraception. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. In the DHS, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. 00 No method 10 Folkloric or traditional method 11 Folkloric method 12 Traditional method 20 Modern method 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Pattern of use of contraceptive method 319. I would like to ask you some questions about the times you or your partner may have used a method to avoid getting pregnant during the last few years. USE CALENDAR TO PROBE FOR EARLIER PERIOD OF USE AND NONUSE, STARTING WITH MORE RECENT USE, BACK TO APRIL 1994 (BAISHAK 1401). USE NAMES OF CHILDREN, DATES OF BIRTH, AND PERIODS OF PREGNANCY AS REFERENCE POINTS. IN COLUMN 1, ENTER METHOD OF USE CODE OR '0' FOR NONUSE IN EACH BLANK MONTH. ILLUSTRATIVE QUESTIONS FOR COLUMN 1: When was the last time you used a method? Which method was that? When did you start using that method? How long after the birth of (NAME)? How long did you use the method then? IN COLUMN 2, ENTER METHOD SOURCE CODE IN FIRST MONTH OF EACH USE. ILLUSTRATIVE QUESTIONS FOR COLUMN 2: Where did you obtain the method when you started using it? Where did you get advice on how to use the method (for LAM, rhythm, or withdrawal)? IN COLUMN 3, ENTER CODES FOR DISCONTINUATION NEXT TO LAST MONTH OF USE. NUMBER OF CODES IN COLUMN 3 MUST BE THE SAME AS NUMBER OF INTERRUPTIONS OF METHOD USE IN COLUMN 1. ASK WHY SHE STOPPED USING THE METHOD. IF A PREGNANCY FOLLOWED, ASK WHETHER SHE BECAME PREGNANT UNINTENTIONALLY WHILE USING THE METHOD OR DELIBERATELY STOPPED TO GET PREGNANT. ILLUSTRATIVE QUESTION FOR COLUMN 3: Why did you stop using the (METHOD)? Did you become pregnant while using (METHOD), or did you stop to get pregnant, or did you stop for some other reason? IF DELIBERATELY STOPPED TO BECOME PREGNANT, ASK: How many months did it take you to get pregnant after you stopped using (METHOD)? AND ENTER '0' IN EACH SUCH MONTH IN COLUMN 1. FPUSPATRN (V361) reports the woman's pattern of contraceptive use by indicating whether she is currently using, has used in the past, or has never used contraception. 10 Currently using 20 Ever used, but not currently using 21 Used since last birth 22 Used before last birth 30 Never used 99 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Current method of FP 311. Which method are you using? 311A. CIRCLE '01' FOR FEMALE STERILIZATION. FEMALE STERILIZATION 01 (GO TO 313) MALE STERILIZATION 02 (GO TO 313) PILL 03 IUD 04 (GO TO 318) INJECTIONS 05 (GO TO 318) IMPLANTS 06 (GO TO 318) CONDOM 07 (GO TO 312C) PERIODIC ABSTINENCE 09 (GO TO 318) WITHDRAWAL 10 (GO TO 318) LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD 11 (GO TO 318) OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 (GO TO 318) FPMETHNOW (V312) reports the contraceptive method the woman is currently using. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. Answers are grouped under the broad categories of "modern methods," "traditional methods," and "other methods," each with a different first digit. Specific methods are distinguished by the second and third digits. See FPEVUSE for more information on broad categories of contraception. Closely related responses, such as various groupings of diaphragm/foam/jelly, share the first 2 digits in common, while the third digit distinguishes the exact response category. 000 Not using 100 MODERN METHODS 101 Pill 102 IUD 103 Norplant/Implants 104 Condom 105 Female Condom 106 Female Sterilization 107 Male Sterilization 110 Injections 111 Injection (3 monthly) 112 Injection (monthly) 120 Diaphragm/Foam/Jelly 121 Diaphragm 122 Diaphragm/Foam 123 Diaphragm/Jelly 124 Foam or Jelly 125 Foaming tablets 126 Vaginal methods 130 Lactational amenorrhea (LAM) 131 Prolonged breastfeeding 140 Emergency contraception 150 Other modern method 151 Contraceptive patch 200 TRADITIONAL METHODS 210 Abstinence or periodic abstinence 211 Periodic abstinence 212 Cycle Beads/Standard days method 213 Abstinence 214 Mucus method 215 Natural family planning, unspecified 220 Withdrawal 230 Other traditional/folkloric 231 Herbs/Plants 232 Gris-Gris/Amulet 233 Astrology 234 Strings 300 OTHER METHOD, UNSPECIFIED 301 Other specific method 1 302 Other specific method 2 303 Other specific method 3 304 Other specific method 4 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Last FP method discontinued in past 5 years 319. I would like to ask you some questions about the times you or your partner may have used a method to avoid getting pregnant during the last few years. USE CALENDAR TO PROBE FOR EARLIER PERIOD OF USE AND NONUSE, STARTING WITH MORE RECENT USE, BACK TO APRIL 1994 (BAISHAK 1401). USE NAMES OF CHILDREN, DATES OF BIRTH, AND PERIODS OF PREGNANCY AS REFERENCE POINTS. IN COLUMN 1, ENTER METHOD OF USE CODE OR '0' FOR NONUSE IN EACH BLANK MONTH. ILLUSTRATIVE QUESTIONS FOR COLUMN 1: When was the last time you used a method? Which method was that? When did you start using that method? How long after the birth of (NAME)? How long did you use the method then? IN COLUMN 2, ENTER METHOD SOURCE CODE IN FIRST MONTH OF EACH USE. ILLUSTRATIVE QUESTIONS FOR COLUMN 2: Where did you obtain the method when you started using it? Where did you get advice on how to use the method (for LAM, rhythm, or withdrawal)? IN COLUMN 3, ENTER CODES FOR DISCONTINUATION NEXT TO LAST MONTH OF USE. NUMBER OF CODES IN COLUMN 3 MUST BE THE SAME AS NUMBER OF INTERRUPTIONS OF METHOD USE IN COLUMN 1. ASK WHY SHE STOPPED USING THE METHOD. IF A PREGNANCY FOLLOWED, ASK WHETHER SHE BECAME PREGNANT UNINTENTIONALLY WHILE USING THE METHOD OR DELIBERATELY STOPPED TO GET PREGNANT. ILLUSTRATIVE QUESTION FOR COLUMN 3: Why did you stop using the (METHOD)? Did you become pregnant while using (METHOD), or did you stop to get pregnant, or did you stop for some other reason? IF DELIBERATELY STOPPED TO BECOME PREGNANT, ASK: How many months did it take you to get pregnant after you stopped using (METHOD)? AND ENTER '0' IN EACH SUCH MONTH IN COLUMN 1. FPLDISMETH5Y (V359) reports the last contraceptive method the woman discontinued use of in the last five years. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 999 NIU (not in universe) 998 Missing 400 CONTINUATION OF SAME METHOD 304 Specific method 4 303 Specific method 3 302 Specific method 2 301 Specific method 1 300 OTHER METHOD, UNSPECIFIED 220 Withdrawal 213 Standard days method 212 Abstinence 211 Periodic abstinence 210 Abstinence or periodic abstinence 200 TRADITIONAL METHODS 141 Emergency contraception 131 Prolonged breastfeeding 140 Other modern method 130 Lactational amenorrhea (LAM) 124 Foam or jelly 123 Diaphragm/Jelly 122 Diaphragm/Foam 121 Diaphragm 120 Diaphragm/Foam/Jelly 107 Male sterilization 106 Female sterilization 105 Female condom 104 Condom 103 Norplant/Implants 102 IUD 101 Pill 100 MODERN METHODS 230 Other traditional/folkloric 231 Herbs/plants 232 Gris-Gris/Amulet 233 Astrology 234 Strings 110 Injections 111 Injections (3 monthly) 112 Injections (monthly) 142 Contraceptive patch Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Reason of last discontinuation 319. I would like to ask you some questions about the times you or your partner may have used a method to avoid getting pregnant during the last few years. USE CALENDAR TO PROBE FOR EARLIER PERIOD OF USE AND NONUSE, STARTING WITH MORE RECENT USE, BACK TO APRIL 1994 (BAISHAK 1401). USE NAMES OF CHILDREN, DATES OF BIRTH, AND PERIODS OF PREGNANCY AS REFERENCE POINTS. IN COLUMN 1, ENTER METHOD OF USE CODE OR '0' FOR NONUSE IN EACH BLANK MONTH. ILLUSTRATIVE QUESTIONS FOR COLUMN 1: When was the last time you used a method? Which method was that? When did you start using that method? How long after the birth of (NAME)? How long did you use the method then? IN COLUMN 2, ENTER METHOD SOURCE CODE IN FIRST MONTH OF EACH USE. ILLUSTRATIVE QUESTIONS FOR COLUMN 2: Where did you obtain the method when you started using it? Where did you get advice on how to use the method (for LAM, rhythm, or withdrawal)? IN COLUMN 3, ENTER CODES FOR DISCONTINUATION NEXT TO LAST MONTH OF USE. NUMBER OF CODES IN COLUMN 3 MUST BE THE SAME AS NUMBER OF INTERRUPTIONS OF METHOD USE IN COLUMN 1. ASK WHY SHE STOPPED USING THE METHOD. IF A PREGNANCY FOLLOWED, ASK WHETHER SHE BECAME PREGNANT UNINTENTIONALLY WHILE USING THE METHOD OR DELIBERATELY STOPPED TO GET PREGNANT. ILLUSTRATIVE QUESTION FOR COLUMN 3: Why did you stop using the (METHOD)? Did you become pregnant while using (METHOD), or did you stop to get pregnant, or did you stop for some other reason? IF DELIBERATELY STOPPED TO BECOME PREGNANT, ASK: How many months did it take you to get pregnant after you stopped using (METHOD)? AND ENTER '0' IN EACH SUCH MONTH IN COLUMN 1. FPLDISREAS5Y (V360) reports the reason why the woman discontinued use of the last family planning method she used in the last five years. The complementary variable FPLDISMETH5Y reports the last contraceptive method itself that the woman stopped using in the last five years. 370 End of breastfeeding period 110 Became pregnant/Method failed 120 Wanted to get pregnant 130 Husband disapproved 140 Other relative disapproved 150 Side effects or health concerns 151 Side effects, respondent 152 Side effects, child 160 Access or availability issues 170 Wanted more effective method 180 Switched to different method 190 Method no longer available 200 Inconvenient to use 210 Infrequent sexual activity, or husband away or ill 220 Lack of sexual satisfaction 230 Cost of method 240 Fatalistic 250 Difficulty getting pregnant, menopause or amenorrheic 260 Menstrual issues while using method 270 Weight gain while using method 280 Lack of privacy while using method 290 Unsatisfied with method 300 Marital dissolution/Divorced or widowed 310 Doctor's advice 320 Specific method issue 321 IUD expelled 322 IUD expired 330 Religious prohibition 996 Other reason 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) 340 Others had bad experience with method 350 Rest 360 Period returned Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Months of use of current family planning method 319. I would like to ask you some questions about the times you or your partner may have used a method to avoid getting pregnant during the last few years. USE CALENDAR TO PROBE FOR EARLIER PERIOD OF USE AND NONUSE, STARTING WITH MORE RECENT USE, BACK TO APRIL 1994 (BAISHAK 1401). USE NAMES OF CHILDREN, DATES OF BIRTH, AND PERIODS OF PREGNANCY AS REFERENCE POINTS. IN COLUMN 1, ENTER METHOD OF USE CODE OR '0' FOR NONUSE IN EACH BLANK MONTH. ILLUSTRATIVE QUESTIONS FOR COLUMN 1: When was the last time you used a method? Which method was that? When did you start using that method? How long after the birth of (NAME)? How long did you use the method then? IN COLUMN 2, ENTER METHOD SOURCE CODE IN FIRST MONTH OF EACH USE. ILLUSTRATIVE QUESTIONS FOR COLUMN 2: Where did you obtain the method when you started using it? Where did you get advice on how to use the method (for LAM, rhythm, or withdrawal)? IN COLUMN 3, ENTER CODES FOR DISCONTINUATION NEXT TO LAST MONTH OF USE. NUMBER OF CODES IN COLUMN 3 MUST BE THE SAME AS NUMBER OF INTERRUPTIONS OF METHOD USE IN COLUMN 1. ASK WHY SHE STOPPED USING THE METHOD. IF A PREGNANCY FOLLOWED, ASK WHETHER SHE BECAME PREGNANT UNINTENTIONALLY WHILE USING THE METHOD OR DELIBERATELY STOPPED TO GET PREGNANT. ILLUSTRATIVE QUESTION FOR COLUMN 3: Why did you stop using the (METHOD)? Did you become pregnant while using (METHOD), or did you stop to get pregnant, or did you stop for some other reason? IF DELIBERATELY STOPPED TO BECOME PREGNANT, ASK: How many months did it take you to get pregnant after you stopped using (METHOD)? AND ENTER '0' IN EACH SUCH MONTH IN COLUMN 1. For women who are currently using a contraceptive method, FPCURNOMO (V337) reports the number of months they have been continuously using their current method. Starting in Phase II, there are differences in the way these data are reported between Model "A" and Model "B" countries, due to the inclusion of a detailed calendar of events in the five years preceding the interview in Model "A" questionnaires. For Model "B" questionnaires, any response greater than 8 years is topcoded at "96." However, for Model "A" questionnaires, the maximum duration of use that could be recorded is the entire length of the calendar (i.e., 5 years). 000 0 months 001 1 month 002 2 months 003 3 months 004 4 months 005 5 months 006 6 months 007 7 months 008 8 months 009 9 months 010 10 months 011 11 months 012 12 months 013 13 months 014 14 months 015 15 months 016 16 months 017 17 months 018 18 months 019 19 months 020 20 months 021 21 months 022 22 months 023 23 months 024 24 months 025 25 months 026 26 months 027 27 months 028 28 months 029 29 months 030 30 months 031 31 months 032 32 months 033 33 months 034 34 months 035 35 months 036 36 months 037 37 months 038 38 months 039 39 months 040 40 months 041 41 months 042 42 months 043 43 months 044 44 months 045 45 months 046 46 months 047 47 months 048 48 months 049 49 months 050 50 months 051 51 months 052 52 months 053 53 months 054 54 months 055 55 months 056 56 months 057 57 months 058 58 months 059 59 months 060 60 months 061 61 months 062 62 months 063 63 months 064 64 months 065 65 months 066 66 months 067 67 months 068 68 months 069 69 months 070 70 months 071 71 months 072 72 months 073 73 months 074 74 months 075 75 months 076 76 months 077 77 months 078 78 months 079 79 months 080 80 months 081 81 months 082 82 months 083 83 months 084 84 months 085 85 months 086 86 months 087 87 months 088 88 months 089 89 months 090 90 months 091 91 months 092 92 months 093 93 months 094 94 months 095 95 months 096 96 or more months 995 All calendar years 996 Inconsistent response 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Last source for FP for current users, detailed 327. Where did you obtain (CURRENT METHOD) the last time? NAME OF PLACE ___ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL OR MEDICAL COLLEGE 11 FAMILY WELFARE CENTRE 12 THANA HEALTH COMPLEX 13 SATELLITE CLINIC OR EPI OUTREACH SITE 14 MATERNAL AND CHILD WELFARE CENTER (MCWC) 15 GOVERNMENT FIELD WORKER (FWA) 16 NGO SECTOR NGO STATIC CLINIC 21 NGO SATELLITE CLINIC 22 NGO DEPOT HOLDER 23 NGO FIELDWORKER 24 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC 31 QUALIFIED DOCTOR 32 TRADITIONAL DOCTOR 33 PHARMACY 34 OTHER PRIVATE SECTOR SHOP 41 FRIEND OR RELATIVES 42 OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 DON'T KNOW 98 For women who are currently using a modern method of contraception, FPLASTSRCD (V326) reports the type of facility that was the source of the last contraceptive method used by the woman. Response categories vary across samples. See Comparability. 6903 Community center 3306 Institute for Family Health (IFH) 3180 International Rescue Committee (IRC) 0000 NO ONE 1000 PUBLIC SECTOR 1100 Government hospital 1110 National hospital 1111 Referral/specialty hospital 1112 National/central hospital 1113 Military hospital 1114 Day hospital 1120 Provincial/regional hospital 1130 Urban hospital 1140 District/rural hospital 1141 District hospital 1142 Rural hospital 1150 Category I hospital 1160 Category II hospital 1170 University/teaching hospital 1171 University hospital 1172 Teaching hospital 1200 Government health center 1210 Referral health center 1220 Community health center 1230 Urban health center 1240 Rural health center 1250 Basic health center 1260 Integrated health center 1270 Primary health center 1280 Family welfare center 1300 Government family planning clinic 1310 Stand-alone family planning clinic 1320 Mobile family planning clinic 1330 Family planning clinic CBD 1400 Government outreach 1410 Government health post 1411 Village health post 1412 Sub-center 1413 Sub-health post 1420 Government mobile clinic 1421 Mobile PHC clinic 1430 Government health professional 1431 Doctor 1432 Nurse 1433 Paramedic 1440 Government health worker 1434 Community-based distributor (CBD) 1435 Health surveillance assistant (HSA) 1436 Male mobilizer 1437 Accredited social health activist (ASHA) 1438 Vaidya/hakim/homeopath 1450 Government outreach clinic 1451 Primary health care outreach clinic 1452 Satellite clinic/EPI outreach 1453 Community clinic 1454 Rural/municipal clinic 1460 Camp 1470 Household visit 1500 Government maternity home 1510 Maternal and child health (MCH) center 1520 Rural maternity 1530 Anganwadi/ICDS center 1600 Government pharmacy/dispensary 1610 Government pharmacy 1611 Community pharmacy 1620 Government dispensary 1900 Other public 1901 Clinic 1902 Curative care organization 1903 Health home 1904 Health office 1905 Health insurance organization 1906 Parastatal health facility 1907 Youth center 2000 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR 2100 Private hospital/clinic 2110 Private hospital 2111 Private specialty hospital 2112 Private district hospital 2113 Private university hospital 2120 Private clinic 2121 Private polyclinic 2122 Private clinic 2200 Private pharmacy/dispensary/drug store 2210 Private pharmacy 2220 Private dispensary 2230 Private chemist/drug store 2231 Private chemist 2232 Private drug store 2240 Private mobile drug vendor 2300 Private doctor's office 2310 Qualified doctor 2320 Traditional/unqualified doctor 2330 Private practice 2331 Private care room 2332 Private infirmiry 2400 Private outreach 2410 Private mobile clinic 2420 Private health worker 2421 Private field worker 2422 Private community/village health worker 2423 Private community-based distributor 2424 Private paramedic 2425 Private hakim/homeopath 2426 Private traditional healer 2427 Private traditional birth attendant (TBA) 2428 Private nurse 2500 Private health center 2600 Private family planning clinic 2610 Injectables outlet 2700 Private maternity home 2900 Other private medical 2901 Tent 2902 VCT center 3000 NGO SECTOR 3100 NGO health facility 3110 Static clinic 3120 Satellite clinic 3130 Marie Stopes facility 3131 Banja la Mtsogolo (BLM) 3140 Red Cross facility 3150 UN Relief and Works Agency facility 3160 Adventist Development and Relief Agency (ADRA) 3170 Population Services International (PSI) 3200 NGO health worker 3210 Depot holder 3220 Field worker 3230 Community-based distributor 3300 Country-specific NGO 3301 Amo-Congo 3302 Clinical Services Improvement (CSI) 3303 Malawi AIDS Counselling and Resource Organization (MACRO) 3304 Myanmar Medical Association (MMA) 3305 United Mission to Nepal (UMN) 3900 Other NGO 4000 RELIGIOUS/MISSION 4100 Religious hospital/clinic 4110 Religious hospital 4111 Religious referral/specialty hospital 4112 Religious district hospital 4120 Religious clinic 4200 Religious health center/dispensary 4210 Religious health center 4211 Mosque health center 4212 Church health center 4220 Religious dispensary 4300 Religious outreach 4310 Religious health post 4320 Religious mobile clinic 4330 Religious health worker 4331 Religious field worker 4900 Other religious 5000 UNSPECIFIED MEDICAL SECTOR 5100 Pharmacy/dispensary 5110 Pharmacy 5120 Dispensary 5200 Outreach 5210 Mobile clinic 5220 Health worker 5221 Field worker 5222 Traditional healer 5223 Health educator 5224 Peer educators 5230 Outreach clinic 5900 Other unspecified medical sector 5901 Media campaign 6000 OTHER 6100 Shop/market 6110 Shop 6111 General dealer 6112 Supermarket/tuck shop 6113 Supermarket 6114 Tuck shop 6120 Market 6130 Kiosk 6140 Gas station 6150 Other retail 6200 Church/mosque 6300 Friend/relative 6310 Friend 6320 Relative 6321 Partner 6400 Bar/nightclub/hotel 6410 Bar/nightclub 6411 Bar 6420 Hotel 6500 Workplace 6510 Respondent's workplace 6520 Partner's workplace 6600 Informal channels 6610 Drug vendor 6620 Support group 6630 Women's sittings 6700 Location for adolescents 6710 Youth center 6720 School 6900 Other facility 6901 Refugee camp 6902 Charity/foundation 9994 Abroad 9995 Other 9996 Inconsistent 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Last source for FP for current users, standardized 327. Where did you obtain (CURRENT METHOD) the last time? NAME OF PLACE ___ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL OR MEDICAL COLLEGE 11 FAMILY WELFARE CENTRE 12 THANA HEALTH COMPLEX 13 SATELLITE CLINIC OR EPI OUTREACH SITE 14 MATERNAL AND CHILD WELFARE CENTER (MCWC) 15 GOVERNMENT FIELD WORKER (FWA) 16 NGO SECTOR NGO STATIC CLINIC 21 NGO SATELLITE CLINIC 22 NGO DEPOT HOLDER 23 NGO FIELDWORKER 24 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC 31 QUALIFIED DOCTOR 32 TRADITIONAL DOCTOR 33 PHARMACY 34 OTHER PRIVATE SECTOR SHOP 41 FRIEND OR RELATIVES 42 OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 DON'T KNOW 98 For women using a modern method of contraception, FPLASTSRCS (V327) reports the type of facility that was the source of the last contraceptive method used by the woman. This variable was constructed by recoding country-specific responses into a few standard categories that are consistent across samples. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Missing 97 Don't know 07 Other 06 Church, Shop, friends, books 05 Private Pharmacy 04 Private Clin/Deliv 03 NGO 02 Govt Home/Comm delivery 01 Govt Clinic/Pharm Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Brand of Pills currently used 312A. May I see the package of pills that you are using now? RECORD NAME OF BRAND IF PACKAGE IS SEEN PACKAGE SEEN 1 (GO TO 318) BRAND NAME ___ PACKAGE NOT SEEN 2 For women who are currently using the Pill, FPPILLBRAND (V323) reports the brand name of the Pill that the respondent currently uses. 4203 Emkit 3112 Triella 2215 TriNovum 2114 Stediril 1241 Rigevidon 1240 Brevinor 1239 Lusiaf 1129 Yasmin 1128 Triquilar 1127 Trinordial 2113 " 1242 NewFem 1000 LOW-DOSE PILLS 1100 International brands 1101 Adepal 1102 Choice 1103 Cilest 1104 Combination-3 1105 Confidence 1106 Diane 1107 Duofem 1108 Eugynon 1109 Famila 28 1110 Femicon 1111 Gracial 1112 Lo-femenal 1113 Logynon 1114 Marvelon 1115 Microgynon 1116 Minidril 1117 Miniphase 1118 Nordette 1119 Norminest 1120 Norquest 1121 Novodol 1122 Oralcon F 1123 Ortho-Novum 1124 Pilplan 1125 Planif 1126 Planyl 1200 Country-specific brands 1201 Nogestol 1202 Desolon 1203 Femipill 1204 Maya 1205 Noret-28 1206 Ovacon 1207 Shuki 1208 Harmonie (PSI) 1209 Varnoline 1210 Microcept 1211 Microvlar 1212 Triocept 1213 Trivolar 1214 Style/Trigestrel 1215 Secure 1216 Microlite 1217 Apsara 1218 Ecroz 1219 Mala-D 1220 Mala-N 1221 Novelon 1222 Ovral L 1223 Pearl 1224 Anteovin 1225 Belara 1226 Gracial 1227 Loestrin 1228 Mawelon 1229 Norimin 1230 Femiplan 1231 Conova 30 1232 Trigynon 1233 OK pills 1234 Sure 1235 Feminyl 1236 Nilocon White 1237 Sunaulo Gulaf 1900 Unspecified low-dose pills 2000 HIGH-DOSE PILLS 2100 International brands 2101 Anovlar 2102 Gynovlar 2103 Lyndiol 2104 Microgynon 30 ED 2105 Milli Anovlar 2106 Neogynon 2107 Neogynon ED 2108 Nordiol 2109 Norquentiel 2110 Ovidon 2111 Ovral 2112 Ovulen 50 2200 Country-specific brands 2201 Combination-5 2202 Lynes 2203 Ovostat 2204 Regumen 2205 Novell-duo 2206 Gynera 2207 Primovlar 2208 Duoluton-L 2209 Ovral G 2210 Progyluton 2211 Gynovlane 2212 Ovanon 2213 Ovidon 2214 Triphasit 2900 Unspecified high-dose pill 3000 PROGESTIN-ONLY PILLS 3100 International brands 3101 Exluton/Lynestrenol 3102 Femulen 3103 Microlut 3104 Micronor 3105 Micronovum 3106 Microval 3107 " 3108 Minovlar 3109 Noriday 3110 Ovrette 3111 Safe Plan 3200 Country-specific brands 3201 Bredicon 3202 Minicon 3203 Levonor 3204 Hyan 3205 I-plan 3206 Primolut N 3207 Cerazette 3208 Planor 3209 Softsure 4000 EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTION 4100 International brands 4200 Country-specific brands 4201 Gravistal 4202 Postinor 4900 Unspecified emergency contraception 5000 NON-HORMONAL PILLS 5100 International brands 5200 Country-specific brands 5201 Centron 5202 Saheli 6000 UNSPECIFIED/UNKNOWN PILLS 6100 International brands 6101 Today (sponge) 6200 Country-specific brands 6201 Khoshi 6202 Aco 6203 Cotrablan 6204 Microvior 30 6205 Stero 6206 Blue 6207 Hot 6208 Kamal (foam) 6209 N/M tablets 6210 Nofian 6211 Period oil 6212 Sacharin 6213 Skill 6214 Moti 6215 Subitha 6216 Fingers 6217 Sutura 6218 Menstrogen (injection) 6219 Norvolain 6220 Flexi P 6221 Marutton 6900 Other unspecified/unknown pills 6901 Unspecified private brand 6902 Unspecified public brand 6903 Unspecified social marketing brand 9995 Other 9996 Not able to show 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Shown pill package 312A. May I see the package of pills that you are using now? RECORD NAME OF BRAND IF PACKAGE IS SEEN PACKAGE SEEN 1 (GO TO 318) BRAND NAME ___ PACKAGE NOT SEEN 2 For women who are currently using the Pill as a method of family planning, FPPILLPACK (V372) indicates whether the package of pills currently being used was seen by the interviewer. 0 Package not seen 1 Package seen 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS First FP method ever used 306A. Now I would like to ask you about the first time that you did something or used a method to avoid getting pregnant. What was the first method that you ever used? FEMALE STERILIZATION 01 MALE STERILIZATION 02 PILL 03 IUD 04 INJECTIONS 05 IMPLANTS 06 CONDOM 07 PERIODIC ABSTINENCE 09 WITHDRAWAL 10 LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD 11 OTHER METHOD (SPECIFY) 96 FP1METH (V369) reports the first family planning method the woman used. Responses are grouped into broad categories of "never used," "modern methods," "traditional methods," and "other methods," each beginning with a different first digit; specific methods within categories are distinguished by the second and third digits. Women who never used contraception are coded 0. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 998 Missing 300 OTHER METHOD, UNSPECIFIED 230 Other traditional/folkloric 220 Withdrawal 212 Abstinence 211 Periodic abstinence 210 Periodic abstinence or abstinence 200 TRADITIONAL METHODS 131 Prolonged breastfeeding 130 Lactational amenorrhea (LAM) 120 Diaphragn/Foam/Jelly 108 Male sterilization 107 Female sterilization 106 Female condom 105 Condom 104 Implants/Norplant 103 Injections 102 IUD 101 Pill 100 MODERN METHODS 000 Never used 999 NIU (not in universe) First use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Number living children at first use of FP (grouped) 307. How many living children did you have at that time, if any? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. NUMBER OF CHILDREN ___ FP1STUSGPKID (V311) reports the number of living children, if any, the woman had when she first used a contraceptive method, with the number top-coded at 4+ children. FP1STUSLVKID reports responses to the same question, without top-coding the answers. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4+ 7 Inconsistent number reported 8 Missing 9 Never used FP First use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Number living children at first use of FP 307. How many living children did you have at that time, if any? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. NUMBER OF CHILDREN ___ FP1STUSLVKID (V310) reports the number of living children the woman had the first time she used a contraceptive method. The same information is also reported in FP1STUSGPKID, except responses are top-coded at 4+ children in that variable and women who have never used contraception are coded as "9." 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 96 Inconsistent 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) First use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS FP current use or future intention 319. I would like to ask you some questions about the times you or your partner may have used a method to avoid getting pregnant during the last few years. USE CALENDAR TO PROBE FOR EARLIER PERIOD OF USE AND NONUSE, STARTING WITH MORE RECENT USE, BACK TO APRIL 1994 (BAISHAK 1401). USE NAMES OF CHILDREN, DATES OF BIRTH, AND PERIODS OF PREGNANCY AS REFERENCE POINTS. IN COLUMN 1, ENTER METHOD OF USE CODE OR '0' FOR NONUSE IN EACH BLANK MONTH. ILLUSTRATIVE QUESTIONS FOR COLUMN 1: When was the last time you used a method? Which method was that? When did you start using that method? How long after the birth of (NAME)? How long did you use the method then? IN COLUMN 2, ENTER METHOD SOURCE CODE IN FIRST MONTH OF EACH USE. ILLUSTRATIVE QUESTIONS FOR COLUMN 2: Where did you obtain the method when you started using it? Where did you get advice on how to use the method (for LAM, rhythm, or withdrawal)? IN COLUMN 3, ENTER CODES FOR DISCONTINUATION NEXT TO LAST MONTH OF USE. NUMBER OF CODES IN COLUMN 3 MUST BE THE SAME AS NUMBER OF INTERRUPTIONS OF METHOD USE IN COLUMN 1. ASK WHY SHE STOPPED USING THE METHOD. IF A PREGNANCY FOLLOWED, ASK WHETHER SHE BECAME PREGNANT UNINTENTIONALLY WHILE USING THE METHOD OR DELIBERATELY STOPPED TO GET PREGNANT. ILLUSTRATIVE QUESTION FOR COLUMN 3: Why did you stop using the (METHOD)? Did you become pregnant while using (METHOD), or did you stop to get pregnant, or did you stop for some other reason? IF DELIBERATELY STOPPED TO BECOME PREGNANT, ASK: How many months did it take you to get pregnant after you stopped using (METHOD)? AND ENTER '0' IN EACH SUCH MONTH IN COLUMN 1. FPUSINTENT (V364) is a constructed variable drawing on responses to multiple survey questions that divides women into the following categories: those who are currently using a contraceptive method (either modern or traditional); those who are not now using contraception but intend to do so in the future; those who are neither using contraception now nor intend to do so in the future; and (in a minority of samples) those who never had sex. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. IPUMS-DHS users are encouraged to review FPMETHNOW and FPUSPLAN for additional information on the variables used to construct FPUSINTENT. 1 Using modern method 2 Using traditional method 3 Non-user intending to use 4 Does not intend to use 9 NIU (not in universe) 5 Never had sex Future use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Intention to use FP in future 610. Do you think you will use a method to delay or avoid pregnancy at any time in the future? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 612) DON'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 612) FPUSPLAN (V362) is a constructed variable based on multiple survey questions that reports, for women not currently using contraception, whether the woman intends to use contraception in the future and, if so, when she intends to begin use (in the next 12 months or later). Women uncertain about future contraceptive use are subdivided into those who are unsure about using a method and those unsure about the timing of planned future use. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 10 Will use in future 11 Use in next 12 months 12 Use later 20 Unsure about future use 21 Unsure about timing 22 Unsure about use 30 Does not intend to use 40 Never had sex 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Future use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Preferred future FP method 611. Which method would you prefer to use? FEMALE STERILIZATION 01 (GO TO 614) MALE STERILIZATION 02 (GO TO 614) PILL 03 (GO TO 614) IUD 04 (GO TO 614) INJECTIONS 05 (GO TO 614) IMPLANTS 06 (GO TO 614) CONDOM 07 (GO TO 614) PERIODIC ABSTINENCE 09 (GO TO 614) WITHDRAWAL 10 (GO TO 614) LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD 11 (GO TO 614) OTHER METHOD (SPECIFY) 96 (GO TO 614) UNSURE 98 (GO TO 614) For women not currently using a contraceptive method but intending to do so in the future, FPMETHFUTR (V363) reports the family planning method the woman would prefer to use. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. Answers are grouped under the broad categories of "modern methods," "traditional methods," and "other methods," each with a different first digit. Specific methods are distinguished by the second and third digits. Closely related responses, such as various groupings of diaphragm/foam/jelly, share the first 2 digits in common, while the third digit distinguishes the exact response category. 999 NIU (not in universe) 998 Missing 997 Inconsistent 304 Specific method 4 303 Specific method 3 302 Specific method 2 301 Specific method 1 300 Other method, unspecified 234 Traditional medications 233 Astrology 232 Gris-gris/amulet 231 Herbs 230 Other traditional/folkloric 220 Withdrawal 212 Abstinence 211 Periodic abstinence 210 Abstinence or periodic abstinence 200 TRADITIONAL METHODS 160 Whatever doctor prescribes 150 Other modern methods 140 Emergency contraception 131 Prolonged breastfeeding 130 Lactational amenorrhea (LAM) 126 Vaginal methods 125 Foaming tablets 124 Foam or jelly 123 Diaphragm/Jelly 122 Diaphragm/Foam 121 Diaphragm 120 Diaphragm/Foam/Jelly 108 Male sterilization 107 Female sterilization 106 Female condom 105 Condom 104 Norplant/implants 103 Injections 102 IUD 101 Pill 100 MODERN METHODS 213 CycleBeads/Standard days method 214 Mucus method (periodic abstinence) 235 Knotted cord/strings 236 Charm from traditional spiritual leader 996 Don't know Future use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use any type of FP (folk, traditional, modern) 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Has your husband ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. YES 1 NO 2 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. YES 1 NO 2 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. YES 1 NO 2 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. YES 1 NO 2 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. YES 1 NO 2 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSE (V302) is a constructed variable that reports whether the woman had ever used a family planning method and, if so, whether she had used a modern contraceptive method or only a traditional or folkloric method. In the DHS, modern methods are pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. 00 Never used 10 Used only traditional or folkloric method 11 Used only traditional method 12 Used only folkloric method 20 Used modern method Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use Pill for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Has your husband ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. YES 1 NO 2 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. YES 1 NO 2 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. YES 1 NO 2 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. YES 1 NO 2 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. YES 1 NO 2 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSPILL (V305_01) indicates whether the woman has ever used the pill to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use IUD for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Has your husband ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. YES 1 NO 2 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. YES 1 NO 2 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. YES 1 NO 2 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. YES 1 NO 2 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. YES 1 NO 2 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSIUD (V305_02) indicates whether the woman had ever used an IUD to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use injectable for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Has your husband ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. YES 1 NO 2 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. YES 1 NO 2 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. YES 1 NO 2 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. YES 1 NO 2 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. YES 1 NO 2 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSINJ (V305_03) indicates whether the woman has ever used injectable contraception to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use condom for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Has your husband ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. YES 1 NO 2 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. YES 1 NO 2 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. YES 1 NO 2 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. YES 1 NO 2 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. YES 1 NO 2 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSCON (V305_05) indicates whether the woman had ever used the male condom to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use female sterilization for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Has your husband ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. YES 1 NO 2 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. YES 1 NO 2 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. YES 1 NO 2 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. YES 1 NO 2 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. YES 1 NO 2 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSFST (V305_06) indicates whether the woman had ever used female sterilization to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use withdrawal for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Has your husband ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. YES 1 NO 2 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. YES 1 NO 2 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. YES 1 NO 2 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. YES 1 NO 2 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. YES 1 NO 2 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSWD (V305_09) indicates whether the woman has ever used withdrawal to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use rhythm for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Has your husband ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. YES 1 NO 2 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. YES 1 NO 2 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. YES 1 NO 2 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. YES 1 NO 2 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. YES 1 NO 2 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSRHY (V305_08) indicates whether the woman had ever used rhythm (periodic abstinence) to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use male sterilization for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Has your husband ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. YES 1 NO 2 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. YES 1 NO 2 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. YES 1 NO 2 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. YES 1 NO 2 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. YES 1 NO 2 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSMST (V305_07) indicates whether the woman had ever used male sterilization to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use implants/Norplant for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Has your husband ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. YES 1 NO 2 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. YES 1 NO 2 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. YES 1 NO 2 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. YES 1 NO 2 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. YES 1 NO 2 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSIMP (V305_11) indicates whether the woman had ever used implants (such as Norplant) to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use female condom for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Has your husband ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. YES 1 NO 2 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. YES 1 NO 2 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. YES 1 NO 2 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. YES 1 NO 2 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. YES 1 NO 2 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSFC (V305_14) indicates whether the woman had ever used the female condom to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use Lactational amenorrhea method for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Has your husband ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. YES 1 NO 2 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. YES 1 NO 2 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. YES 1 NO 2 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. YES 1 NO 2 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. YES 1 NO 2 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSLAM (V305_13) indicates whether the woman had ever used the lactational amenorrhea method (LAM) to delay or avoid a pregnancy. The complementary variable FPKNOLAM indicates whether the woman knew about LAM as a method for family planning. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use other methods for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Has your husband ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. YES 1 NO 2 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. YES 1 NO 2 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. YES 1 NO 2 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. YES 1 NO 2 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. YES 1 NO 2 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSOM (V305_10) indicates whether the woman has ever used other methods to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Reason regrets sterilization 315B. Why do you regret it? RESPONDENT WANTS ANOTHER CHILD 1 PARTNER WANTS ANOTHER CHILD 2 SIDE EFFECTS 3 CHILD DIED 4 OTHER REASON (SPECIFY) 6 For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERREG (V618) reports the reason (if any) they regret getting sterilized. 00 No regret 01 Respondent wants a(nother) child 02 Partner wants a(nother) child 03 Side effects 04 Child died 05 Marital status changed 06 Operation failed 95 Other reason 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Age at sterilization (grouped) 316. In what month and year was the sterilization operation performed? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERILAGE (V320) reports their age at the time of their sterilization operation. 7 50 - 54 years old 1 Less than 25 years old 2 25 - 29 years old 3 30 - 34 years old 4 35 - 39 years old 5 40 - 44 years old 6 45 - 49 years old 9 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Parity at sterilization 316. In what month and year was the sterilization operation performed? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERILPAR (V322) reports the parity of the women at the time of their sterilization, top-coded at 5+ children. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 or more 9 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Marital duration at time of sterilization 316. In what month and year was the sterilization operation performed? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERMARDUR (V321) reports, in 5-year groups, the women's marital duration at the time of their sterilization. 0 Single, before marriage 1 0 - 4 years 2 5 - 9 years 3 10 - 14 years 4 15 - 19 years 5 20 - 24 years 6 25 - 29 years 9 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Years since sterilization 316. In what month and year was the sterilization operation performed? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERYRAGO (V319) reports the number of years since their sterilization operation, using 2-year groups, top-coded at 10+ years. 1 Less than 2 years 2 2 - 3 years 3 4 - 5 years 4 6 - 7 years 5 8 - 9 years 6 10 or more years 9 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Date when sterilized (CMC) 316. In what month and year was the sterilization operation performed? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERILDTCMC reports the century month code (CMC) for the date of their sterilization. 9999 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Month of sterilization 316. In what month and year was the sterilization operation performed? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERILMO reports the calendar month of their sterilization. The calendar year of their sterilization is reported in FPSTERILYR. 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 99 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Year when sterilized 316. In what month and year was the sterilization operation performed? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERILYR reports the calendar year of their sterilization. The calendar month of their sterilization is reported in FPSTERILMO. 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 9999 NIU (not in universe) 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information - date of sterilization 316. In what month and year was the sterilization operation performed? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERCOMP reports the completeness of information about the date of their sterilization. 1 Month and year given 5 Month imputed, year given 6 Month given, year imputed (date placed) 7 No information given (date placed) 8 From calendar 9 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Visited by family planning worker in past 12 months 334A. During the last six months has anyone visited you in your house to talk to you about family planning or to give you any family planning method? IF YES: Who came? Anyone else? WRITE THE NAME AND WORKER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER OF THE FIELD WORKER. NAME ___ IDENTIFICATION NUMBER ___ GOVERNMENT FP WORKER A GOVERNMENT HEALTH WORKER B NGO WORKER C NO ONE Y (GO TO 335A) FPHOMVISITY (V393) indicates whether the woman was visited by a health worker who talked to her about family planning in the 12 months preceding the interview. 8 Missing 1 Yes 0 No 9 NIU (not in universe) 7 Don't know Information on family planning Variables -- TOPICS Heard FP message on radio 619. In the last month have you heard about family planning: On the radio? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 On the television? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 In a newspaper or magazine? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 From a poster of billboard? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 From a leaflet? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 From a community events? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 FPRADIOHR (V384A) indicates whether the woman heard family planning message(s) on the radio in the last few months. Some samples specify other periods of time. See Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, only once 12 Yes, more than once 98 Missing 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) Information on family planning Variables -- TOPICS Heard FP message on TV recently 619. In the last month have you heard about family planning: On the radio? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 On the television? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 In a newspaper or magazine? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 From a poster of billboard? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 From a leaflet? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 From a community events? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 FPTVHR (V384B) indicates whether the woman heard family planning message(s) on television in the last few months. Some samples specify other periods of time. See Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Information on family planning Variables -- TOPICS Saw FP message in brochure or pamphlet 619. In the last month have you heard about family planning: On the radio? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 On the television? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 In a newspaper or magazine? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 From a poster of billboard? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 From a leaflet? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 From a community events? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 FPBROCHHR (V384E) indicates whether the woman has recently seen family planning messages in a leaflet, pamphlet, or brochure. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Information on family planning Variables -- TOPICS Heard FP message in newspaper/magazine 619. In the last month have you heard about family planning: On the radio? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 On the television? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 In a newspaper or magazine? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 From a poster of billboard? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 From a leaflet? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 From a community events? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 FPNEWSHR (V384C) indicates whether the woman has recently seen family planning messages in a newspaper or magazine. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Information on family planning Variables -- TOPICS Seen FP message on poster or pamphlet 619. In the last month have you heard about family planning: On the radio? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 On the television? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 In a newspaper or magazine? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 From a poster of billboard? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 From a leaflet? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 From a community events? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 FPPOSTHR indicates whether the woman has recently seen family planning messages on a poster. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Information on family planning Variables -- TOPICS Heard about family planning: Community meetings 619. In the last month have you heard about family planning: On the radio? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 On the television? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 In a newspaper or magazine? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 From a poster of billboard? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 From a leaflet? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 From a community events? OFTEN 1 SOMETIMES 2 NEVER 3 FPCOMMHR indicates whether the woman has recently seen family planning messages at a community event or meeting. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Information on family planning Variables -- TOPICS Why not using FP to avoid pregnancy 607. CHECK 602: WANTS A OR ANOTHER CHILD(REN): You said that you do not want (a or another) child soon, but you are not using any method to avoid pregnancy. Can you tell me why? WANTS NO MORE CHILDREN: You have said that you do not want any (more) children, but you are not using any method to avoid pregnancy. Can you tell me why? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. FERTILITY-RELATED REASONS NOT HAVING SEX A INFREQUENT SEX B MENOPAUSAL OR HYSTERECTOMY C SUB FECUND OR INFECUND D POSTPARTUM AMENORRHEIC E BREASTFEEDING F FATALISTIC G OPPOSITION TO USE RESPONDENT OPPOSED H HUSBAND OPPOSED I OTHERS OPPOSED J RELIGIOUS PROHIBITION K LACK OF KNOWLEDGE KNOWS NO METHOD L KNOWS NO SOURCE M METHOD-RELATED REASONS HEALTH CONCERNS N REAR OF SIDE EFFECTS O LACK OF ACCESS OR TOO FAR P COST TOO MUCH Q INCONVENIENT TO USE R INTERFERES WITH BODY'S NORMAL PROCESSES S OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z For women who are not now using a contraceptive method and are not pregnant, FPYNOTUS (V375A) reports why the woman is not using family planning to avoid pregnancy. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. Responses are grouped into broad categories of "not married,' "other low fertility risk," "wants children," "opposition to use," "lack of knowledge," "method-related," and "other," each beginning with a different first digit; subcategories under these broad headings are distinguished by the second digit. 10 NOT MARRIED 11 Not married 12 Not intending to marry 13 Separated from partner 14 Widowed 20 OTHER LOW FERTILITY RISK 21 Not having sex 22 Infrequent sex 23 Menopausal or hysterectomy 24 Subfecund, infecund 25 Postpartum, breastfeeding 26 Pregnant 27 Too young (not having periods) 30 WANTS CHILDREN 31 Wants more children 32 Fatalistic 40 OPPOSITION TO USE 41 Respondent opposed 42 Husband opposed 43 Others opposed 44 Religious prohib 45 Cultural taboo 50 LACK OF KNOWLEDGE 51 Knows no method 52 Knows no source 53 Rumors 60 METHOD-RELATED 61 Health concerns 62 Fear side effects 63 Lack of access 64 Cost too much 65 Inconvenient to use 66 Interfere with body 70 OTHER 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Why not use family planning Variables -- TOPICS Why not intend to use FP in future 612. What is the main reason that you will not use a method at any time in the future? FERTILITY-RELATED REASONS NOT HAVING SEX 11 INFREQUENT SEX 12 MENOPAUSAL OR HYSTERECTOMY 13 SUB FECUND OR INFECUND 14 POSTPARTUM AMENORRHEIC 15 BREASTFEEDING 16 FATALISTIC 17 OPPOSITION TO USE RESPONDENT OPPOSED 21 HUSBAND OPPOSED 22 OTHERS OPPOSED 23 RELIGIOUS PROHIBITION 24 LACK OF KNOWLEDGE KNOWS NO METHOD 31 KNOWS NO SOURCE 32 METHOD-RELATED REASONS HEALTH CONCERNS 41 REAR OF SIDE EFFECTS 42 LACK OF ACCESS OR TOO FAR 43 COST TOO MUCH 45 INCONVENIENT TO USE 46 INTERFERES WITH BODY'S NORMAL PROCESSES 47 OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 DON'T KNOW 98 For women not now using a contraceptive method and not intending to do so in the future, FPYNOTFUS (V376) reports the reason the woman doesn't intend to use family planning in the future. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. Responses are grouped into the following broad categories, each with a different first digit: not married, other low fertility risk, wants children, opposition to use, lack of knowledge, method-related, and other. Specific responses within these categories are distinguished by the second digit of the codes. 10 NOT MARRIED 11 Not married 12 Not intending to marry 13 Inconsistent says not married 20 OTHER LOW FERTILITY RISK 21 Not having sex 22 Infrequent sex 23 Menopausal or hysterectomy 24 Subfecund, infecund 25 Postpartum, breastfeeding 26 Husband ill or subfecund 30 WANTS CHILDREN 31 Wants more children 32 Wants son 33 Wants daughter 34 Fatalistic 35 Wants as many children as possible 40 OPPOSITION TO USE 41 Respondent opposed 42 Husband opposed/makes decision on FP 43 Others opposed 44 Religious prohibition 45 Cultural taboos 46 Rumors 50 LACK OF KNOWLEDGE 51 Knows no method 52 Knows no source 60 METHOD-RELATED 61 Health concerns 62 Fear side effects 63 Lack of access 64 Cost too much 65 Inconvenient to use 66 Interfere with body 67 Sterilization concerns 70 OTHER 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Why not use family planning Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Pill SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPTYPPILL (V304A_01) reports whether the Pill is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPPILL (V304A_01) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 9 NIU (not in universe) 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: IUD SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPTYPIUD (V304A_02) reports whether the intrauterine device (IUD) is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPIUD (V304A_02) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 9 NIU (not in universe) 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Injectables SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPTYPINJ (V304A_03) reports whether injectable contraception is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPINJ (V304A_03) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 9 NIU (not in universe) 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Condom SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPTYPCON (V304A_05) reports whether the male condom is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPCON (V304A_05) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 9 NIU (not in universe) 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Female sterilization SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPTYPFST (V304A_06) reports whether female sterilization is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPFST (V304A_06) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 9 NIU (not in universe) 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Male sterilization SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPTYPMST (V304A_07) reports whether male sterilization is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPMST (V304A_07) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 9 NIU (not in universe) 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Rhythm method SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPTYPRHY (V304A_08) reports whether the rhythm method (periodic abstinence) is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the standard DHS recode manuals, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. In some cases, however, there are exceptions to this organization; see Comparability. Additionally, while FPTYPRHY (V304A_08) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Withdrawal SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPTYPWD (V304A_09) reports whether withdrawal is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the standard DHS recode manuals, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. In some cases, however, there are exceptions to this organization; see Comparability. Additionally, while FPTYPWD (V304A_09) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Implants or norplants SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPTYPIMP (V304A_11) reports whether the contraceptive implant (such as Norplant) is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPIMP (V304A_11) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Abstinence SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPTYPABS (V304A_12) reports whether abstinence is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. In some cases, however, there are exceptions to this organization; see Comparability. Additionally, while FPTYPABS and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Lactational amenorrhea (prolonged breastfeeding) SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPTYPLAM (V304A_13) reports whether the lactational amenorrhea method (LAM) is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. How lactational amenorrhea was characterized varies across samples; see Comparability and Codes. In the standard DHS recode manuals, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. In some cases, however, there are exceptions to this organization; see Comparability. Additionally, while FPTYPLAM (V304A_13) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Female condom SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPTYPFC (V304A_14) reports whether the female condom is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. In some cases, however, there are exceptions to this organization; see Comparability. Additionally, while FPTYPFC (V304A_14) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Foam and jelly SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPTYPFJ (V304A_15) reports whether spermicide, such as foam or jelly, is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. In some cases, however, there are exceptions to this organization; see Comparability. Additionally, while FPTYPFJ (V304A_15) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Other method SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning - the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 IN 301 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED IN 302. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeed frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES (SPECIFY) 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPTYPOM (V304A_10) reports whether any "other" method reported by the woman is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. The meaning of "other" depends on the specific response categories included in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPOM (V304A_10) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Number of times discussed FP with partner in past year 621. How often have you talked to your husband about family planning in the past year? NEVER 1 ONCE OR TWICE 2 MORE OFTEN 8 FPTALKHUSNO (V611) reports the number of the times the woman has recently discussed family planning with her husband/partner. 0 Never 1 Once or twice 2 More often 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 7 Don't know Discussion of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Heard of AIDS SECTION 7. AIDS AND OTHER SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES 701. Now I would like to talk about something else. Have you ever heard of an illness called AIDS? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 718) AIDSHEARD (V751) indicates whether the woman has heard of AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Thinks a healthy-looking person can have AIDS 710. Is it possible for a health-looking person to have the AIDS virus? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 AIDHEALTHY (V756) indicates whether the woman thinks it is possible for a healthy-looking person to have HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Spoke with spouse about avoiding HIV/AIDS 715. Have you ever talked about ways to prevent getting the virus that causes AIDS with your husband? YES 1 NO 2 AIDTALKPAR (V776) indicates whether the woman has spoken with her cohabiting partner or spouse about avoiding AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Knows there are ways to avoid HIV/AIDS 702. Is there anything a person can do to avoid getting AIDS or the virus that causes AIDS? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 710) DON'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 710) AIDPREVENT (V753) indicates whether the respondent believes there are things a person can do to avoid HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks having only 1 sex partner reduces AIDS risk (yes/no) 706. If a person has sex with only one partner, does this person have a greater or a lesser chance of getting AIDS than a person who has sex with many partners? GREATER CHANCE OF AIDS 1 LESSER CHANCE OF AIDS 2 DON'T KNOW 8 AID1PARLOWRYN (V754DP) indicates whether the woman believes having sex with only one partner who has no other sex partners reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. For a similar variable asked as an open-ended question, see AID1PARLOWR (V754D). 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks always using a condom reduces AIDS risk (yes/no) 709. If a person uses a condom every time he or she has sexual intercourse, does this person have a greater or a lesser chance of getting AIDS than someone who does not use a condom? GREATER CHANCE OF AIDS 1 LESSER CHANCE OF AIDS 2 DON'T KNOW 8 AIDCONLOWRYN (V754CP) indicates whether the woman believes using a condom during sex reduces risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. For a similar variable asked as an open-ended question, see AIDCONLOWR (V754C). 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks having only 1 sex partner reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEX A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED INJECTIONS OR USE DISPOSABLE INJECTIONS J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BIRTHS L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AID1PARLOWR (V754D) indicates whether the woman reported that having sex with only one partner reduces risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. For a similar variable using a yes/no question format, see AID1PARLOWRYN (V754DP). 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 7 Don't know 1 Yes 0 No HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks not having sex reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEX A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED INJECTIONS OR USE DISPOSABLE INJECTIONS J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BIRTHS L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDABSTLOWR (V754B) indicates whether the woman reported that abstaining from sex reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. For a similar variable using a yes/no question format, see AIDABSTLOWRYN (V754BP). 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 7 Don't know 1 Yes 0 No HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks always using a condom reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEX A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED INJECTIONS OR USE DISPOSABLE INJECTIONS J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BIRTHS L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDCONLOWR (V754C) indicates whether the woman reported that using a condom during sex reduces risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. For a similar variable using a yes/no question format, see AIDCONLOWRYN (V754CP). 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks avoiding sex with prostitutes reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEX A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED INJECTIONS OR USE DISPOSABLE INJECTIONS J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BIRTHS L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDPROSTLOWR (V754E) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, that avoiding sex with prostitutes reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks avoiding homosexual intercourse reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEX A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED INJECTIONS OR USE DISPOSABLE INJECTIONS J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BIRTHS L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDSAMESEXLOWR (V754F) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, that avoiding homosexual intercourse reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks avoiding blood transfusions lowers AIDS risk (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEX A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED INJECTIONS OR USE DISPOSABLE INJECTIONS J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BIRTHS L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDBLOODLOWR (V754G) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, that avoiding blood transfusions reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks avoiding kissing reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEX A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED INJECTIONS OR USE DISPOSABLE INJECTIONS J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BIRTHS L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDKISSLOWR (V754I) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, that avoiding kissing reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks avoiding mosquito bites reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEX A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED INJECTIONS OR USE DISPOSABLE INJECTIONS J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BIRTHS L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDBITELOWR (V754J) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, that avoiding mosquito bites reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks seeking traditional healing reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEX A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED INJECTIONS OR USE DISPOSABLE INJECTIONS J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BIRTHS L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDHEALLOWR (V754K) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, that seeking protection from a traditional healer reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks avoiding promiscuous partners reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEX A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED INJECTIONS OR USE DISPOSABLE INJECTIONS J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BIRTHS L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDPARLOWR (V754M) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, that avoiding sexual partners who have many other partners reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks no sex with IV drug users reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEX A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED INJECTIONS OR USE DISPOSABLE INJECTIONS J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BIRTHS L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDIVSEXLOWR (V754N) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, that avoiding sex with intravenous drug users reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks not sharing razors with AIDS patients reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEX A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED INJECTIONS OR USE DISPOSABLE INJECTIONS J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BIRTHS L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDSHARPLOWR (V754O) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, that avoiding sharing razors or blades reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks only having sex within marriage reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEX A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED INJECTIONS OR USE DISPOSABLE INJECTIONS J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BIRTHS L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDMARRLOWR indicates whether the respondent reported, in response to an open-ended question, that only having sex within marriage reduces risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks using only new/sterilized needles reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEX A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED INJECTIONS OR USE DISPOSABLE INJECTIONS J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BIRTHS L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDSAFEINJLOWR indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported that using new or sterilized needles (for injections) reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. The related variable AIDINJLOWR indicates whether the respondent reported avoiding injections (regardless of needle cleanliness) as a way to reduce the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks some other response reduces AIDS risk (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEX A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED INJECTIONS OR USE DISPOSABLE INJECTIONS J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BIRTHS L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDOTHLOWR (V754X) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, some "other" way of reducing the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. The meaning of "other" depends on the responses included in a given survey. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Does not know any ways to avoid AIDS 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEX A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED INJECTIONS OR USE DISPOSABLE INJECTIONS J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BIRTHS L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDDKLOWR (V754Z) indicates whether the woman reported, in response to an open-ended question, that she did not know any way of reducing the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No, knows ways to avoid AIDS 1 Yes, does not know ways to avoid AIDS 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks someone with multiple sex partners can get HIV/AIDS 705. In your opinion, is there any chance of getting AIDS for a person with multiple sexual partners? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 707) DON'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 707) AIDGETPARTNERS indicates whether the respondent believes it is possible for someone with multiple sex partners to get HIV/AIDS. The related variable AIDTHRUMANYPARS indicates whether the respondent reported, in response to an open-ended question, that sex with many partners was a risk factor for AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Radio 701A. From which sources of information have you learned most about AIDS? Any other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TV B NEWSPAPER OR MAGAZINES C PAMPHLETS OR POSTERS D HEALTH WORKERS E MOSQUES OR TEMPLES OR CHURCHES F SCHOOLS OR TEACHERS G COMMUNITY MEETINGS H FRIENDS OR RELATIVES I WORK PLACE J OTHER (SPECIFY) X AIDSINFORADIO (V752A) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported the radio as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Television 701A. From which sources of information have you learned most about AIDS? Any other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TV B NEWSPAPER OR MAGAZINES C PAMPHLETS OR POSTERS D HEALTH WORKERS E MOSQUES OR TEMPLES OR CHURCHES F SCHOOLS OR TEACHERS G COMMUNITY MEETINGS H FRIENDS OR RELATIVES I WORK PLACE J OTHER (SPECIFY) X AIDSINFOTV (V752B) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported the television as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Newspaper/magazine 701A. From which sources of information have you learned most about AIDS? Any other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TV B NEWSPAPER OR MAGAZINES C PAMPHLETS OR POSTERS D HEALTH WORKERS E MOSQUES OR TEMPLES OR CHURCHES F SCHOOLS OR TEACHERS G COMMUNITY MEETINGS H FRIENDS OR RELATIVES I WORK PLACE J OTHER (SPECIFY) X AIDSINFONEWS (V752C) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported newspapers or magazines as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Posters/brochures/pamphlets 701A. From which sources of information have you learned most about AIDS? Any other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TV B NEWSPAPER OR MAGAZINES C PAMPHLETS OR POSTERS D HEALTH WORKERS E MOSQUES OR TEMPLES OR CHURCHES F SCHOOLS OR TEACHERS G COMMUNITY MEETINGS H FRIENDS OR RELATIVES I WORK PLACE J OTHER (SPECIFY) X AIDSINFOPOSTER (V752D) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported pamphlets, posters, or brochures as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Clinic/Health worker 701A. From which sources of information have you learned most about AIDS? Any other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TV B NEWSPAPER OR MAGAZINES C PAMPHLETS OR POSTERS D HEALTH WORKERS E MOSQUES OR TEMPLES OR CHURCHES F SCHOOLS OR TEACHERS G COMMUNITY MEETINGS H FRIENDS OR RELATIVES I WORK PLACE J OTHER (SPECIFY) X AIDSINFOWKR (V752E) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported a clinic or health worker as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Church/mosque 701A. From which sources of information have you learned most about AIDS? Any other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TV B NEWSPAPER OR MAGAZINES C PAMPHLETS OR POSTERS D HEALTH WORKERS E MOSQUES OR TEMPLES OR CHURCHES F SCHOOLS OR TEACHERS G COMMUNITY MEETINGS H FRIENDS OR RELATIVES I WORK PLACE J OTHER (SPECIFY) X AIDSINFOCHURCH (V752F) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported a church or mosque as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Schools/teachers 701A. From which sources of information have you learned most about AIDS? Any other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TV B NEWSPAPER OR MAGAZINES C PAMPHLETS OR POSTERS D HEALTH WORKERS E MOSQUES OR TEMPLES OR CHURCHES F SCHOOLS OR TEACHERS G COMMUNITY MEETINGS H FRIENDS OR RELATIVES I WORK PLACE J OTHER (SPECIFY) X AIDSINFOSCHOOL (V752G) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported schools or teachers as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Community meetings 701A. From which sources of information have you learned most about AIDS? Any other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TV B NEWSPAPER OR MAGAZINES C PAMPHLETS OR POSTERS D HEALTH WORKERS E MOSQUES OR TEMPLES OR CHURCHES F SCHOOLS OR TEACHERS G COMMUNITY MEETINGS H FRIENDS OR RELATIVES I WORK PLACE J OTHER (SPECIFY) X AIDSINFOCOMM (V752H) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported community meetings as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Friend/relative 701A. From which sources of information have you learned most about AIDS? Any other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TV B NEWSPAPER OR MAGAZINES C PAMPHLETS OR POSTERS D HEALTH WORKERS E MOSQUES OR TEMPLES OR CHURCHES F SCHOOLS OR TEACHERS G COMMUNITY MEETINGS H FRIENDS OR RELATIVES I WORK PLACE J OTHER (SPECIFY) X AIDSINFOFRND (V752I) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported friends or relatives as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Workplace 701A. From which sources of information have you learned most about AIDS? Any other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TV B NEWSPAPER OR MAGAZINES C PAMPHLETS OR POSTERS D HEALTH WORKERS E MOSQUES OR TEMPLES OR CHURCHES F SCHOOLS OR TEACHERS G COMMUNITY MEETINGS H FRIENDS OR RELATIVES I WORK PLACE J OTHER (SPECIFY) X AIDSINFOWORK (V752J) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported her workplace as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Spouse 701A. From which sources of information have you learned most about AIDS? Any other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TV B NEWSPAPER OR MAGAZINES C PAMPHLETS OR POSTERS D HEALTH WORKERS E MOSQUES OR TEMPLES OR CHURCHES F SCHOOLS OR TEACHERS G COMMUNITY MEETINGS H FRIENDS OR RELATIVES I WORK PLACE J OTHER (SPECIFY) X AIDSINFOSPOU indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported her spouse as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Other 701A. From which sources of information have you learned most about AIDS? Any other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TV B NEWSPAPER OR MAGAZINES C PAMPHLETS OR POSTERS D HEALTH WORKERS E MOSQUES OR TEMPLES OR CHURCHES F SCHOOLS OR TEACHERS G COMMUNITY MEETINGS H FRIENDS OR RELATIVES I WORK PLACE J OTHER (SPECIFY) X AIDSINFOOTH (V752X) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported some "other" source as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. The meaning of "other" depends on the specific responses included in a given survey. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Children present during sexual experience questions SECTION 5. MARRIAGE 501. PRESENCE OF OTHERS AT THIS POINT. CHILDREN UNDER 10 YES 1 NO 2 HUSBAND YES 1 NO 2 OTHER MALES YES 1 NO 2 OTHER FEMALES YES 1 NO 2 SXPRESKID (V815A) indicates whether any children under the age of 10 were present when the interviewer asked survey questions regarding the woman's sexual experience. This variable relates to the interviewer's observation and is not asked of the woman respondent directly. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Privacy Variables -- TOPICS Male adult present during sexual experience questions SECTION 5. MARRIAGE 501. PRESENCE OF OTHERS AT THIS POINT. CHILDREN UNDER 10 YES 1 NO 2 HUSBAND YES 1 NO 2 OTHER MALES YES 1 NO 2 OTHER FEMALES YES 1 NO 2 SXPRESMALE (V815B) indicates whether any male adult was present when the interviewer asked survey questions regarding the woman's sexual experience. This variable relates to the interviewer's observation and is not asked of the woman respondent directly. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Privacy Variables -- TOPICS Female adult present during sexual experience questions SECTION 5. MARRIAGE 501. PRESENCE OF OTHERS AT THIS POINT. CHILDREN UNDER 10 YES 1 NO 2 HUSBAND YES 1 NO 2 OTHER MALES YES 1 NO 2 OTHER FEMALES YES 1 NO 2 SXPRESFEM (V815C) indicates whether another female adult was present when the interviewer asked survey questions about the woman's sexual experience. This variable relates to the interviewer's observation and is not asked of the woman respondent directly. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Privacy Variables -- TOPICS Husband present during sexual experience questions SECTION 5. MARRIAGE 501. PRESENCE OF OTHERS AT THIS POINT. CHILDREN UNDER 10 YES 1 NO 2 HUSBAND YES 1 NO 2 OTHER MALES YES 1 NO 2 OTHER FEMALES YES 1 NO 2 SXPRESHUS indicates whether the respondent's husband was present when the interviewer asked survey questions regarding the woman's sexual experience. This variable relates to the interviewer's observation and is not asked of the woman respondent directly. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Privacy Variables -- TOPICS Heard about other STDs 718. (Apart from AIDS), have you heard about (other) infections that can be transmitted through sexual contact? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 721) STIHEARDOTH (V785) indicates whether the woman has heard of any sexually transmitted infection other than AIDS. For a variable that records whether the respondent has heard of AIDS or any other STIs, see STIHEARD (V750). 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 1 Yes 0 No STI knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Had genital ulcer/sore in last 12 months 721. Now I would like to ask you about some health symptoms you yourself may have. During the past 6 months, have you had any of the following problems: 1. Any itching or irritation in vaginal area with discharge? YES 1 NO 2 2. A genital sore or ulcer? YES 1 NO 2 3. A bad odor along with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 4. Severe lower abdominal pain with a discharge, not related with menstruation? YES 1 NO 2 5. A fever along with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 6. Problem with pain or burning while urinating or more frequent or difficult urination? YES 1 NO 2 FOR CURRENTLY MARRIED: 7. Pain in abdomen or vagina during intercourse? YES 1 NO 2 8. Blood after having sex when you are not menstruating? YES 1 NO 2 9. Any other problem with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 STISOREYR (V763B) indicates whether the woman had a sore or genital ulcer in the last 12 months. 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 7 Don't know 1 Yes 0 No STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had abdominal pain with discharge in last 6 months 721. Now I would like to ask you about some health symptoms you yourself may have. During the past 6 months, have you had any of the following problems: 1. Any itching or irritation in vaginal area with discharge? YES 1 NO 2 2. A genital sore or ulcer? YES 1 NO 2 3. A bad odor along with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 4. Severe lower abdominal pain with a discharge, not related with menstruation? YES 1 NO 2 5. A fever along with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 6. Problem with pain or burning while urinating or more frequent or difficult urination? YES 1 NO 2 FOR CURRENTLY MARRIED: 7. Pain in abdomen or vagina during intercourse? YES 1 NO 2 8. Blood after having sex when you are not menstruating? YES 1 NO 2 9. Any other problem with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 STIABPAIN6MO indicates whether the respondent had any severe abdominal pain with discharge (not related to menstruation) in the last 6 months. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had vaginal bleeding after intercourse in last 6 months 721. Now I would like to ask you about some health symptoms you yourself may have. During the past 6 months, have you had any of the following problems: 1. Any itching or irritation in vaginal area with discharge? YES 1 NO 2 2. A genital sore or ulcer? YES 1 NO 2 3. A bad odor along with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 4. Severe lower abdominal pain with a discharge, not related with menstruation? YES 1 NO 2 5. A fever along with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 6. Problem with pain or burning while urinating or more frequent or difficult urination? YES 1 NO 2 FOR CURRENTLY MARRIED: 7. Pain in abdomen or vagina during intercourse? YES 1 NO 2 8. Blood after having sex when you are not menstruating? YES 1 NO 2 9. Any other problem with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 STIBLOODSEX6MO indicates whether the respondent had any vaginal bleeding after sexual intercourse (not related to menstruation) in the last 6 months. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had vaginal itching/irritation with discharge in last 6 months 721. Now I would like to ask you about some health symptoms you yourself may have. During the past 6 months, have you had any of the following problems: 1. Any itching or irritation in vaginal area with discharge? YES 1 NO 2 2. A genital sore or ulcer? YES 1 NO 2 3. A bad odor along with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 4. Severe lower abdominal pain with a discharge, not related with menstruation? YES 1 NO 2 5. A fever along with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 6. Problem with pain or burning while urinating or more frequent or difficult urination? YES 1 NO 2 FOR CURRENTLY MARRIED: 7. Pain in abdomen or vagina during intercourse? YES 1 NO 2 8. Blood after having sex when you are not menstruating? YES 1 NO 2 9. Any other problem with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 STIDISITCH6MO indicates whether the respondent had any vaginal irritation or itching with a discharge in the last 6 months. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had foul smelling discharge in last 6 months 721. Now I would like to ask you about some health symptoms you yourself may have. During the past 6 months, have you had any of the following problems: 1. Any itching or irritation in vaginal area with discharge? YES 1 NO 2 2. A genital sore or ulcer? YES 1 NO 2 3. A bad odor along with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 4. Severe lower abdominal pain with a discharge, not related with menstruation? YES 1 NO 2 5. A fever along with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 6. Problem with pain or burning while urinating or more frequent or difficult urination? YES 1 NO 2 FOR CURRENTLY MARRIED: 7. Pain in abdomen or vagina during intercourse? YES 1 NO 2 8. Blood after having sex when you are not menstruating? YES 1 NO 2 9. Any other problem with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 STIDISSMELL6MO indicates whether the respondent had any foul-smelling (genital) discharge in the last 6 months. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had fever with discharge in last 6 months 721. Now I would like to ask you about some health symptoms you yourself may have. During the past 6 months, have you had any of the following problems: 1. Any itching or irritation in vaginal area with discharge? YES 1 NO 2 2. A genital sore or ulcer? YES 1 NO 2 3. A bad odor along with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 4. Severe lower abdominal pain with a discharge, not related with menstruation? YES 1 NO 2 5. A fever along with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 6. Problem with pain or burning while urinating or more frequent or difficult urination? YES 1 NO 2 FOR CURRENTLY MARRIED: 7. Pain in abdomen or vagina during intercourse? YES 1 NO 2 8. Blood after having sex when you are not menstruating? YES 1 NO 2 9. Any other problem with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 STIFEVDISCH6MO indicates whether the respondent had a fever with (genital) discharge in the last 6 months. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had other discharge in last 6 months 721. Now I would like to ask you about some health symptoms you yourself may have. During the past 6 months, have you had any of the following problems: 1. Any itching or irritation in vaginal area with discharge? YES 1 NO 2 2. A genital sore or ulcer? YES 1 NO 2 3. A bad odor along with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 4. Severe lower abdominal pain with a discharge, not related with menstruation? YES 1 NO 2 5. A fever along with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 6. Problem with pain or burning while urinating or more frequent or difficult urination? YES 1 NO 2 FOR CURRENTLY MARRIED: 7. Pain in abdomen or vagina during intercourse? YES 1 NO 2 8. Blood after having sex when you are not menstruating? YES 1 NO 2 9. Any other problem with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 STIOTHDISCH6MO indicates whether the respondent had any other discharge problems in the last 6 months. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific categories included in a particular sample. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had abdominal/vaginal pain during intercourse in last 6 months 721. Now I would like to ask you about some health symptoms you yourself may have. During the past 6 months, have you had any of the following problems: 1. Any itching or irritation in vaginal area with discharge? YES 1 NO 2 2. A genital sore or ulcer? YES 1 NO 2 3. A bad odor along with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 4. Severe lower abdominal pain with a discharge, not related with menstruation? YES 1 NO 2 5. A fever along with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 6. Problem with pain or burning while urinating or more frequent or difficult urination? YES 1 NO 2 FOR CURRENTLY MARRIED: 7. Pain in abdomen or vagina during intercourse? YES 1 NO 2 8. Blood after having sex when you are not menstruating? YES 1 NO 2 9. Any other problem with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 STIPAINSEX6MO indicates whether the respondent had any abdominal or vaginal pain during sexual intercourse in the last 6 months. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had urination problem in last 6 months 721. Now I would like to ask you about some health symptoms you yourself may have. During the past 6 months, have you had any of the following problems: 1. Any itching or irritation in vaginal area with discharge? YES 1 NO 2 2. A genital sore or ulcer? YES 1 NO 2 3. A bad odor along with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 4. Severe lower abdominal pain with a discharge, not related with menstruation? YES 1 NO 2 5. A fever along with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 6. Problem with pain or burning while urinating or more frequent or difficult urination? YES 1 NO 2 FOR CURRENTLY MARRIED: 7. Pain in abdomen or vagina during intercourse? YES 1 NO 2 8. Blood after having sex when you are not menstruating? YES 1 NO 2 9. Any other problem with a discharge? YES 1 NO 2 STIURIN6MO indicates whether the respondent had any problems with urination, including burning pain while urinating or more frequent or difficult urination, in the last 6 months. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in men: Abdominal pain 719. In a man, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that he has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A DISCHARGE FROM PENIS OR DRIPPING B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J IMPOTENCE K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIMABPAIN (V785A) indicates whether the woman reported "abdominal pain" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in men. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in men: Genital discharge or dripping 719. In a man, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that he has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A DISCHARGE FROM PENIS OR DRIPPING B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J IMPOTENCE K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIMDISCH (V785B) indicates whether the woman reported "genital discharge or dripping" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in men. 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in men: Foul smelling discharge 719. In a man, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that he has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A DISCHARGE FROM PENIS OR DRIPPING B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J IMPOTENCE K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIMDISSMELL (V785C) indicates whether the woman reported "foul smelling discharge" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in men. 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in men: Burning pain on urination 719. In a man, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that he has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A DISCHARGE FROM PENIS OR DRIPPING B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J IMPOTENCE K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIMBURNING (V785D) indicates whether the woman reported "burning pain on urination" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in men. 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in men: Redness, inflammation 719. In a man, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that he has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A DISCHARGE FROM PENIS OR DRIPPING B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J IMPOTENCE K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIMREDNESS (V785E) indicates whether the woman reported "redness/inflammation in the genital area" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in men. 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in men: Swelling in genital area 719. In a man, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that he has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A DISCHARGE FROM PENIS OR DRIPPING B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J IMPOTENCE K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIMSWELL (V785F) indicates whether the woman reported "swelling in the genital area" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in men. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in men: Genital sores or ulcers 719. In a man, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that he has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A DISCHARGE FROM PENIS OR DRIPPING B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J IMPOTENCE K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIMSORES (V785G) indicates whether the woman reported "genital sores or ulcers" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in men. 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in men: Genital warts 719. In a man, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that he has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A DISCHARGE FROM PENIS OR DRIPPING B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J IMPOTENCE K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIMWARTS (V785H) indicates whether the woman reported "genital warts" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in men. 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in men: Blood in urine 719. In a man, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that he has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A DISCHARGE FROM PENIS OR DRIPPING B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J IMPOTENCE K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIMURBLOOD (V785J) indicates whether the woman reported "blood in urine" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in men. 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in men: Weight loss 719. In a man, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that he has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A DISCHARGE FROM PENIS OR DRIPPING B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J IMPOTENCE K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIMWTLOSS (V785K) indicates whether the woman reported "genital warts" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in men. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in men: Impotence 719. In a man, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that he has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A DISCHARGE FROM PENIS OR DRIPPING B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J IMPOTENCE K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIMIMPOT (V785L) indicates whether the woman reported "impotence" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in men. 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in men: Other 719. In a man, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that he has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A DISCHARGE FROM PENIS OR DRIPPING B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J IMPOTENCE K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z ***** 719. In a man, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that he has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A DISCHARGE FROM PENIS OR DRIPPING B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J IMPOTENCE K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIMOTHER (V785X) indicates whether the woman indicated other possible symptoms of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in men. The meaning of "other" depends on the specific symptoms of STI identified in a given sample. 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in men: No symptoms 719. In a man, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that he has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A DISCHARGE FROM PENIS OR DRIPPING B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J IMPOTENCE K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIMNONE (V785Y) indicates whether the woman reported "no symptoms," or being asymptomatic, as a possible indicator of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in men. 0 No, "no symptoms" not mentioned 1 Yes, "no symptoms" mentioned 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in men: Don't know 719. In a man, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that he has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A DISCHARGE FROM PENIS OR DRIPPING B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J IMPOTENCE K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIMDK (V785Z) indicates whether the woman did not know any possible symptoms of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in men. 1 Yes, does not know symptoms 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No, knows symptoms STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in women: Abdominal pain 720. In a woman, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that she has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A GENITAL DISCHARGE B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J INABILITY TO GIVE BIRTH K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIWABPAIN (V786A) indicates whether the woman reported "abdominal pain" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in women. 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in women: Genital discharge 720. In a woman, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that she has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A GENITAL DISCHARGE B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J INABILITY TO GIVE BIRTH K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIWDISCH (V786B) indicates whether the woman reported "genital discharge or dripping" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in women. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in women: Foul smelling discharge 720. In a woman, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that she has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A GENITAL DISCHARGE B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J INABILITY TO GIVE BIRTH K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIWDISSMELL (V786C) indicates whether the woman reported "foul smelling discharge" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in women. 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in women: Burning on urination 720. In a woman, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that she has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A GENITAL DISCHARGE B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J INABILITY TO GIVE BIRTH K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIWBURNING (V786D) indicates whether the woman reported "burning pain on urination" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in women. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in women: Redness, inflammation 720. In a woman, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that she has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A GENITAL DISCHARGE B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J INABILITY TO GIVE BIRTH K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIWREDNESS (V786E) indicates whether the woman reported "redness/inflammation in the genital area" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in women. 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in women: Genital swelling 720. In a woman, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that she has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A GENITAL DISCHARGE B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J INABILITY TO GIVE BIRTH K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIWSWELL (V786F) indicates whether the woman reported "swelling in the genital area" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in women. 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in women: Genital sores or ulcers 720. In a woman, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that she has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A GENITAL DISCHARGE B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J INABILITY TO GIVE BIRTH K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIWSORES (V786G) indicates whether the woman reported "genital sores or ulcers" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in women. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in women: Genital warts 720. In a woman, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that she has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A GENITAL DISCHARGE B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J INABILITY TO GIVE BIRTH K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIWWARTS (V786H) indicates whether the woman reported "genital warts" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in women. 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in women: Blood in urine 720. In a woman, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that she has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A GENITAL DISCHARGE B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J INABILITY TO GIVE BIRTH K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIWURBLOOD (V786J) indicates whether the woman reported "blood in urine" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in women. 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in women: Weight loss 720. In a woman, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that she has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A GENITAL DISCHARGE B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J INABILITY TO GIVE BIRTH K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIWWTLOSS (V786K) indicates whether the woman reported "genital warts" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in women. 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in women: Difficulty getting pregnant 720. In a woman, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that she has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A GENITAL DISCHARGE B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J INABILITY TO GIVE BIRTH K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIWDIFFPREG (V786L) indicates whether the woman reported "inability to get pregnant or have a child" as a possible symptom of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in women. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in women: Other 720. In a woman, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that she has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A GENITAL DISCHARGE B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J INABILITY TO GIVE BIRTH K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z ***** 720. In a woman, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that she has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A GENITAL DISCHARGE B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J INABILITY TO GIVE BIRTH K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIWOTHER (V786X) indicates whether the woman indicated other possible symptoms of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in women. The meaning of "other" depends on the specific symptoms of STI identified in a given sample. 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in women: No symptoms 720. In a woman, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that she has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A GENITAL DISCHARGE B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J INABILITY TO GIVE BIRTH K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIWNONE (V786Y) indicates whether the woman reported "no symptoms," or being asymptomatic, as a possible indicator of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in women. 1 Yes, "no symptoms" mentioned 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No, "no symptoms" not mentioned STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Symptoms of STI in women: Don't know 720. In a woman, what signs and symptoms would lead you to think that she has such an infection? Any others? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. LOWER ABDOMINAL PAIN A GENITAL DISCHARGE B FOUL SMELLING DISCHARGE C BURNING PAIN ON URINATION D REDNESS OR INFLAMMATION IN GENITAL AREA E SWELLING IN GENITAL AREA F GENITAL SORES OR ULCERS G GENITAL WARTS H BLOOD IN URINE I LOSS OF WEIGHT J INABILITY TO GIVE BIRTH K NO SYMPTOMS L OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z STIWDK (V786Z) indicates that the woman did not know any possible symptoms of STI (sexually transmitted infection) in men. 1 Yes, does not know symptom 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No, knows symptoms STI symptoms Variables -- TOPICS Last birth caesarean section 427. Was (NAME) delivered by caesarian section? YES 1 (GO TO 432) NO 2 (GO TO 432) For women who gave birth in the three to five years before the survey, DELCESRLAST (V401) indicates whether the last-born child was delivered by caesarean section. When children or births are the unit of analysis, this variable describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes allchildren of the mother to be coded the same way. Question wording varies slightly across samples. See Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Believes husband becomes concerned if wife has pregnancy complications 812A. Do you think, if a woman faces complication during pregnancy, does her husband become concerned? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 ANCOMPHUSCON indicates whether the respondent believes a husband becomes concerned when his wife faces pregnancy complications. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal pregnancy complications Variables -- TOPICS Knows of pregnancy complication: Vaginal bleeding SECTION 4A. PREGNANCY, POSTNATAL CARE AND BREASTFEEDING 401. Now we will talk about possible problems that women might face when she is going to have a child. Please tell me what are the complications during pregnancy, childbirth and after delivery that needs medical treatment. 401A. Have you ever heard or (PROBLEMS) 1. SEVERE HEADACHE OR BLURRY VISION OR SWOLLEN ARMS AND LEGS SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 2. VAGINAL BLEEDING DURING PREGNANCY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 3. LABOR FOR MORE THAN 18 HOURS SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 4. EXCESSIVE BLEEDING DURING OR AFTER DELIVERY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 5. CONVULSION SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 6. FEVER FOR MORE THAN 3 DAYS DURING PREGNANCY OR AFTER DELIVERY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 7. BAD SMELLING VAGINAL DISCHARGE SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 8. OTHERS (SPECIFY) SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 ANKNOWBLD indicates whether the respondent reported vaginal bleeding as a symptom during pregnancy that requires immediate care. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneous 12 Yes, probed 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal pregnancy complications Variables -- TOPICS Knows of pregnancy complication: Convulsions SECTION 4A. PREGNANCY, POSTNATAL CARE AND BREASTFEEDING 401. Now we will talk about possible problems that women might face when she is going to have a child. Please tell me what are the complications during pregnancy, childbirth and after delivery that needs medical treatment. 401A. Have you ever heard or (PROBLEMS) 1. SEVERE HEADACHE OR BLURRY VISION OR SWOLLEN ARMS AND LEGS SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 2. VAGINAL BLEEDING DURING PREGNANCY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 3. LABOR FOR MORE THAN 18 HOURS SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 4. EXCESSIVE BLEEDING DURING OR AFTER DELIVERY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 5. CONVULSION SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 6. FEVER FOR MORE THAN 3 DAYS DURING PREGNANCY OR AFTER DELIVERY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 7. BAD SMELLING VAGINAL DISCHARGE SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 8. OTHERS (SPECIFY) SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 ANKNOWCONV indicates whether the respondent reported convulsions as a symptom during pregnancy that requires immediate care. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneous 12 Yes, probed 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal pregnancy complications Variables -- TOPICS Knows of pregnancy complication: Excessive vaginal bleeding during/after labor SECTION 4A. PREGNANCY, POSTNATAL CARE AND BREASTFEEDING 401. Now we will talk about possible problems that women might face when she is going to have a child. Please tell me what are the complications during pregnancy, childbirth and after delivery that needs medical treatment. 401A. Have you ever heard or (PROBLEMS) 1. SEVERE HEADACHE OR BLURRY VISION OR SWOLLEN ARMS AND LEGS SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 2. VAGINAL BLEEDING DURING PREGNANCY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 3. LABOR FOR MORE THAN 18 HOURS SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 4. EXCESSIVE BLEEDING DURING OR AFTER DELIVERY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 5. CONVULSION SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 6. FEVER FOR MORE THAN 3 DAYS DURING PREGNANCY OR AFTER DELIVERY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 7. BAD SMELLING VAGINAL DISCHARGE SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 8. OTHERS (SPECIFY) SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 ANKNOWDELBLD indicates whether the respondent reported excessive vaginal bleeding during or after delivery as a symptom during pregnancy that requires immediate care. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneous 12 Yes, probed 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal pregnancy complications Variables -- TOPICS Knows of pregnancy complication: Bad-smelling vaginal discharge SECTION 4A. PREGNANCY, POSTNATAL CARE AND BREASTFEEDING 401. Now we will talk about possible problems that women might face when she is going to have a child. Please tell me what are the complications during pregnancy, childbirth and after delivery that needs medical treatment. 401A. Have you ever heard or (PROBLEMS) 1. SEVERE HEADACHE OR BLURRY VISION OR SWOLLEN ARMS AND LEGS SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 2. VAGINAL BLEEDING DURING PREGNANCY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 3. LABOR FOR MORE THAN 18 HOURS SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 4. EXCESSIVE BLEEDING DURING OR AFTER DELIVERY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 5. CONVULSION SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 6. FEVER FOR MORE THAN 3 DAYS DURING PREGNANCY OR AFTER DELIVERY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 7. BAD SMELLING VAGINAL DISCHARGE SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 8. OTHERS (SPECIFY) SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 ANKNOWDISCH indicates whether the respondent reported bad-smelling vaginal discharge as a symptom during pregnancy that requires immediate care. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneous 12 Yes, probed 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal pregnancy complications Variables -- TOPICS Knows of pregnancy complication: Fever SECTION 4A. PREGNANCY, POSTNATAL CARE AND BREASTFEEDING 401. Now we will talk about possible problems that women might face when she is going to have a child. Please tell me what are the complications during pregnancy, childbirth and after delivery that needs medical treatment. 401A. Have you ever heard or (PROBLEMS) 1. SEVERE HEADACHE OR BLURRY VISION OR SWOLLEN ARMS AND LEGS SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 2. VAGINAL BLEEDING DURING PREGNANCY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 3. LABOR FOR MORE THAN 18 HOURS SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 4. EXCESSIVE BLEEDING DURING OR AFTER DELIVERY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 5. CONVULSION SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 6. FEVER FOR MORE THAN 3 DAYS DURING PREGNANCY OR AFTER DELIVERY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 7. BAD SMELLING VAGINAL DISCHARGE SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 8. OTHERS (SPECIFY) SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 ANKNOWFEV indicates whether the respondent reported fever as a symptom during pregnancy that requires immediate care. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneous 12 Yes, probed 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal pregnancy complications Variables -- TOPICS Knows of pregnancy complication: Long labor SECTION 4A. PREGNANCY, POSTNATAL CARE AND BREASTFEEDING 401. Now we will talk about possible problems that women might face when she is going to have a child. Please tell me what are the complications during pregnancy, childbirth and after delivery that needs medical treatment. 401A. Have you ever heard or (PROBLEMS) 1. SEVERE HEADACHE OR BLURRY VISION OR SWOLLEN ARMS AND LEGS SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 2. VAGINAL BLEEDING DURING PREGNANCY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 3. LABOR FOR MORE THAN 18 HOURS SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 4. EXCESSIVE BLEEDING DURING OR AFTER DELIVERY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 5. CONVULSION SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 6. FEVER FOR MORE THAN 3 DAYS DURING PREGNANCY OR AFTER DELIVERY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 7. BAD SMELLING VAGINAL DISCHARGE SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 8. OTHERS (SPECIFY) SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 ANKNOWLONGLAB indicates whether the respondent reported long labor as a symptom during pregnancy that requires immediate care. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneous 12 Yes, probed 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal pregnancy complications Variables -- TOPICS Knows of pregnancy complication: Pre-eclampsia SECTION 4A. PREGNANCY, POSTNATAL CARE AND BREASTFEEDING 401. Now we will talk about possible problems that women might face when she is going to have a child. Please tell me what are the complications during pregnancy, childbirth and after delivery that needs medical treatment. 401A. Have you ever heard or (PROBLEMS) 1. SEVERE HEADACHE OR BLURRY VISION OR SWOLLEN ARMS AND LEGS SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 2. VAGINAL BLEEDING DURING PREGNANCY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 3. LABOR FOR MORE THAN 18 HOURS SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 4. EXCESSIVE BLEEDING DURING OR AFTER DELIVERY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 5. CONVULSION SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 6. FEVER FOR MORE THAN 3 DAYS DURING PREGNANCY OR AFTER DELIVERY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 7. BAD SMELLING VAGINAL DISCHARGE SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 8. OTHERS (SPECIFY) SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 ANKNOWPREECL indicates whether the respondent reported pre-eclampsia as a symptom during pregnancy that requires immediate care. According to the Mayo Clinic website, pre-eclampsia is a condition of pregnancy marked by the development of high blood pressure, high levels of protein in urine, vision problems, dizziness, headaches, and swelling of feet, legs, and hands. If untreated, pre-eclampsia can lead to eclampsia, a serious condition that puts mother and child at risk of death. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneous 12 Yes, probed 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal pregnancy complications Variables -- TOPICS Knows of pregnancy complication: Other SECTION 4A. PREGNANCY, POSTNATAL CARE AND BREASTFEEDING 401. Now we will talk about possible problems that women might face when she is going to have a child. Please tell me what are the complications during pregnancy, childbirth and after delivery that needs medical treatment. 401A. Have you ever heard or (PROBLEMS) 1. SEVERE HEADACHE OR BLURRY VISION OR SWOLLEN ARMS AND LEGS SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 2. VAGINAL BLEEDING DURING PREGNANCY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 3. LABOR FOR MORE THAN 18 HOURS SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 4. EXCESSIVE BLEEDING DURING OR AFTER DELIVERY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 5. CONVULSION SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 6. FEVER FOR MORE THAN 3 DAYS DURING PREGNANCY OR AFTER DELIVERY SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 7. BAD SMELLING VAGINAL DISCHARGE SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 8. OTHERS (SPECIFY) SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 ANKNOWOTH indicates whether the respondent reported some other symptom during pregnancy that requires immediate care. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific categories included in a particular sample. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneous 12 Yes, probed 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal pregnancy complications Variables -- TOPICS Woman currently postpartum amenorrheic 433. Has your period returned since the birth of (NAME)? YES 1 (GO TO 435) NO 2 (GO TO 436) PPAMENNOW (V405) reports whether the woman is currently postpartum amenorrheic. This variable is created from the maternity history by checking if menstruation resumed after birth. Women who are currently pregnant (irrespective of whether the woman's period returned after her last birth) and women who did not have births in the last three to five years are automatically reported as not currently amenorrheic, and coded "No" (code 0). When children or births are the unit of analysis, this variable describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all children of the mother to be coded the same way. 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Woman currently postpartum abstaining 437. Have you resumed sexual relations since the birth of (NAME)? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 439) PPABSTAINNOW (V406) reports whether the woman is currently postpartum abstaining from sex. This variable is created from the maternity history by checking if the respondent has resumed sexual relations since her last birth. Women who did not have births in the last three to five years are automatically reported as not currently abstaining, and coded "No" (code 0). When children or births are the unit of analysis, this variable describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all children of the mother to be coded the same way. 0 No 1 Yes General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Number of children in maternity history MATERNITYIDX (V417) reports the number of entries in the pregnancy and postnatal care history for a female respondent. This number is typically equal to the number of births in the three (BIRTHSTOT3YR (V238)) or five (BIRTHSIN5YRS (V208) years before the survey. While there is, theoretically, no limit to the number of births recorded in BIRTHSTOT3YR and BIRTHSIN5YRS, MATERNITYIDX is actually limited to the number of columns that can be completed on the survey form. In most cases, MATERNITYIDX is capped at six. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Number of children in immunization/health history HEALTHIDX (V418) reports the number of entries (number of children) in the health or immunization history. This number is typically equal to the number of births in the three (BIRTHSTOT3YR (V238)) or five (BIRTHSIN5YRS (V208) years before the survey. While there is, theoretically, no limit to the number of births recorded in BIRTHSTOT3YR and BIRTHSIN5YRS, HEALTHIDX is actually limited to the number of columns that can be completed on the survey form. In most cases, HEALTHIDX is capped at six. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Number of children in height and weight table BIOIDX (V419) reports the number of entries (number of children) in the height and weight table. This number is typically equal to the number of births in the three (BIRTHSTOT3YR (V238)) or five (BIRTHSIN5YRS (V208) years before the survey. While there is, theoretically, no limit to the number of births recorded in BIRTHSTOT3YR and BIRTHSIN5YRS, BIOIDX is actually limited to the number of columns on the survey form that can be completed. In most cases, BIOIDX is capped at six. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Times mother breastfed last child during previous night 445. How many times did you breastfeed last night between sunset and sunrise? IF ANSWER IS NOT NUMERIC, PROBE FOR APPROXIMATE NUMBER. NUMBER OF NIGHTTIME FEEDINGS ___ For women who gave birth in the last three to five years and whose last-born child is still breastfeeding, BFEEDNITE (V407) reports how many times the mother breastfed that child the previous night between sunset and sunrise. When women are the unit of analysis, IPUMS-DHS users may also use BRSFEDNITE_01 (M35_01), which reports how many times the woman breastfed her last-born child the previous night. When children are the unit of analysis, BFEEDNITE describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all young children of the mother to be coded the same way. Thus, a response of a certain number of times in BFEEDNITE does not necessarily indicate that a particular child whose record is being analyzed was breastfed that many times during the previous night. IPUMS-DHS users should instead employ, when available, the variable BRSFEDNITE (M35) to determine how many times the specific child under analysis was breastfed during the previous night. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40+ 96 On demand 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Times mother breastfed last child during previous day 446. How many times did you breastfeed yesterday during the daylight hours? IF ANSWER IS NOT NUMERIC, PROBE FOR APPROXIMATE NUMBER. NUMBER OF DAYTIME FEEDINGS ____ For women who gave birth in the last three to five years and whose last-born child is still breastfeeding, BFEEDAY (V408) reports how many times the mother breastfed that child the previous day during daylight hours. When women are the unit of analysis, IPUMS-DHS users may also use BRSFEDAY_01 (M36_01), which reports how many times the woman breastfed her last-born child the previous day during daylight hours. When children are the unit of analysis, BFEEDAY describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all young children of the mother to be coded the same way. Thus, a response of a certain number of times in BFEEDAY does not necessarily indicate that a child whose record is being analyzed was personally breastfed that many times during the previous day. IPUMS-DHS users should instead employ, when available, the variable BRSFEDAY (M36) to determine how many times the specific child under analysis was breastfed during the previous day. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40+ 95 On demand, non-numeric response 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Mother fed last-born child from bottle with nipple in last day or night 447. Did (NAME) drink anything from a bottle with a nipple yesterday or last night? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years and whose last-born child is still alive, BOTTLE24H (V415) indicates whether the last-born child drank anything from a bottle with a nipple during the previous day and night. When women are the unit of analysis, IPUMS-DHS users may also use BRSFEDBOT_01 (M38_01), which also indicates whether the woman gave her last-born child anything from a bottle with a nipple during the previous day and night. When children are the unit of analysis, BOTTLE24H describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all young children of the mother to be coded the same way. If the mother reported that she fed her last-born child with a bottle with a nipple during the previous day or night, all of her children in the data are coded as "yes," including any children who have died or who live elsewhere. When children are the unit of analysis, a positive response in BOTTLE24H thus does not necessarily indicate that a particular child was actually fed with a bottle with a nipple during the previous day or night. IPUMS-DHS users should instead employ, when available, the variable BRSFEDBOT (M38) to determine whether the specific child in question actually drank anything from a bottle with a nipple during the previous day and night. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Woman currently breastfeeding any child 442. Are you still breastfeeding (NAME)? YES 1 (GO TO 445) NO 2 BFEEDANYNOW (V404) indicates whether the woman is currently breastfeeding. If no child was born in the last three to five years, the respondent is assumed to not be breastfeeding. When children or births are the unit of analysis, this variable describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all children of the mother to be coded the same way. This variable has some variation in how current breastfeeding is determined. See Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS When mother first put last-born child to breast 440. How long after birth did you first put (NAME) to the breast? IF LESS THAN 1 HOUR, RECORD "00" HOURS. IF LESS THAN 24 HOURS, RECORD HOURS. OTHERWISE, RECORD DAYS. IMMEDIATELY 000 HOURS 1 ___ DAYS 2 ___ For women who gave birth in the last three to five years and breastfed their last-born child, BFEEDST (V426) reports the length of time between the birth and when the woman first breastfed her last-born child. Following DHS convention, intervals reported in hours are coded with a "1" in the first digit, and intervals reported in days are coded with a "2" in the first digit. When women are the unit of analysis, IPUMS-DHS users may also use BRSFEDST_01 (M34_1), which also reports the length of time between the birth and when the woman first breastfed her child (for the last birth). When children are the unit of analysis, BFEEDST describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all young children of the mother to be coded the same way. Thus, a response of a certain number of hours or days in BFEEDST does not necessarily indicate that a particular child whose record is being analyzed was first breastfed after that amount of time. IPUMS-DHS users should instead employ, when available, the variable BRSFEDST (M34) to determine the length of time between the specific child's birth and when that child was first breastfed. 000 Immediately 100 Within first hour 101 1 hour 102 2 hours 103 3 hours 104 4 hours 105 5 hours 106 6 hours 107 7 hours 108 8 hours 109 9 hours 110 10 hours 111 11 hours 112 12 hours 113 13 hours 114 14 hours 115 15 hours 116 16 hours 117 17 hours 118 18 hours 119 19 hours 120 20 hours 121 21 hours 122 22 hours 123 23 hours 124 24 hours 125 25 hours 126 26 hours 127 27 hours 128 28 hours 129 29 hours 130 30 hours 131 31 hours 132 32 hours 133 33 hours 134 34 hours 135 35 hours 136 36 hours 137 37 hours 138 38 hours 139 39 hours 140 40 hours 141 41 hours 142 42 hours 143 43 hours 144 44 hours 145 45 hours 146 46 hours 147 47 hours 148 48 hours 149 49 hours 150 50 hours 151 51 hours 152 52 hours 153 53 hours 154 54 hours 155 55 hours 156 56 hours 157 57 hours 158 58 hours 159 59 hours 160 60 hours 161 61 hours 162 62 hours 163 63 hours 164 64 hours 165 65 hours 166 66 hours 167 67 hours 168 68 hours 169 69 hours 170 70 hours 171 71 hours 172 72 hours 173 73 hours 174 74 hours 175 75 hours 176 76 hours 177 77 hours 178 78 hours 179 79 hours 180 80 hours 181 81 hours 182 82 hours 183 83 hours 184 84 hours 185 85 hours 186 86 hours 187 87 hours 188 88 hours 189 89 hours 190 90 hours 199 Hours: Number missing 200 Within first day 201 1 day 202 2 days 203 3 days 204 4 days 205 5 days 206 6 days 207 7 days 208 8 days 209 9 days 210 10 days 211 11 days 212 12 days 213 13 days 214 14 days 215 15 days 216 16 days 217 17 days 218 18 days 219 19 days 220 20 days 221 21 days 222 22 days 223 23 days 224 24 days 225 25 days 226 26 days 227 27 days 228 28 days 229 29 days 230 30 days 231 31 days 232 32 days 233 33 days 234 34 days 235 35 days 236 36 days 237 37 days 238 38 days 239 39 days 240 40 days 241 41 days 242 42 days 243 43 days 244 44 days 245 45 days 246 46 days 247 47 days 248 48 days 249 49 days 250 50 days 251 51 days 252 52 days 253 53 days 254 54 days 255 55 days 256 56 days 257 57 days 258 58 days 259 59 days 260 60 days 261 61 days 262 62 days 263 63 days 264 64 days 265 65 days 266 66 days 267 67 days 268 68 days 269 69 days 270 70 days 271 71 days 272 72 days 273 73 days 274 74 days 275 75 days 276 76 days 277 77 days 278 78 days 279 79 days 280 80 days 281 81 days 282 82 days 283 83 days 284 84 days 285 85 days 286 86 days 287 87 days 288 88 days 289 89 days 290 90 days 299 Days: Number missing 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Weight of woman (kilos) 908. WEIGHT (IN KILOGRAMS) ___ WEIGHTFEM (V437) reports the woman's weight as measured by DHS personnel. There is one implied decimal place in the weight. Dividing WEIGHTFEM by 10 will yield the woman's measured weight in kilograms. 9994 Not present 9995 Refused 9996 Other 9997 Out of plausible range 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Height of woman in centimeters 906. HEIGHT (IN CENTIMETERS) ___ HEIGHTFEM (V438) reports the woman's height as measured by DHS personnel. HEIGHTFEM values are reported in millimeters, to preserve one centimeter decimal place without requiring the use of a decimal point. Dividing HEIGHTFEM by 10 will yield the woman's measured height in centimeters. 9994 Not present 9995 Refused 9996 Other 9997 Out of plausible range 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Height for age percentile for respondents to women's survey BIOFHTAPCT (V439) reports the respondent's height-for-age percentile, based on smoothed percentile growth charts by age and sex developed by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control. The reference standard contains data for children up to age 18. For all women age 18 and over, the value for 215 months (17 years, 11 months) is used, based on the assumption that women are fully grown by age18. HEIGHTFEM (V438) reports the respondent's length or height as measured by DHS personnel. 9995 Flagged cases 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Height for age standard deviations from the reference median (for respondents to female survey) BIOFHTASDRM (V440) reports the difference between the respondent's height and the median height of a reference population of the same age and sex, expressed in units equal to one standard deviation of the reference population's distribution. An anthropometry measure expressed in reference standard deviation units is also known as a Z-score. BIOFHTASDRM values are reported in units equal to 100 times the Z-score, to preserve two decimal places without requiring the use of a decimal point. Dividing BIOFHTASDRM by 100 will yield the height-for-age Z-score (HAZ) value. The reference standard contains data for children up to age 18. For all women age 18 and over, the value of 215 months (17 years, 11 months) is used, based on the assumption that women are fully grown by age 18. HEIGHTFEM (V438) reports the respondent's length or height, as measured by DHS personnel. The complementary DHS variable BIOFHTAPCT (V439) reports the respondent's height-for-age percentile within the same reference population used in BIOFHTASDRM. The complementary DHS variable BIOFHTAPCTRM (V441) reports the respondent's height-for-age as a percentage of the median of the same reference population. Unlike z-scores, percentiles do not allow comparison across age and sex and cannot assess longitudinal change in growth status. 9995 Flagged cases 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Height for Age percent of reference median for respondents to female survey BIOFHTAPCTRM (V441) reports the respondent's height-for-age as a percent of the median height for a reference population of the same age and sex. For this variable, the reference population was developed by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control. The reference standard contains data for children up to age 18. For all women age 18 and over, the value of 215 months (17 years, 11 months) is used, based on the assumption that women are fully grown by age 18. HEIGHTFEM (V438) reports the respondent's length or height as measured by DHS personnel. The related variable BIOFHTAPCT (V439) reports the respondent's height-for-age percentile relative to smoothed percentile growth charts by age and sex, for the same reference population. 99995 Flagged cases 99998 Missing 99999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Weight for height percent of reference median (DHS) (respondents to women's survey) BIOFWTHTRMDHS (V442) reports the respondent's weight-for-height as a percent of the median weight for a reference population of the same height. For this variable, the reference population was developed by the DHS Program. This index has been adjusted for pregnant women according to duration of pregnancy. The following variables report the respondent's weight for height as a percent of the median weight for different reference populations: BIOFWTHTRMFOG (V443) uses Metropolitan Life or Fogarty reference standards BIOFWTHTRMWHO (V444) uses WHO reference standards 99995 Flagged cases 99998 Missing 99999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Weight for height percent of reference median (MetLife or Fogarty) (respondents to women's survey) BIOFWTHTRMFOG (V443) reports the respondent's weight-for-height as a percent of the median weight for a reference population of the same height. This variable uses the Metropolitan Life or Fogarty reference standard. This index has been adjusted for pregnant women according to duration of pregnancy. The following variables report the respondent's weight for height as a percent of the median weight for different reference populations: BIOFWTHTRMDHS (V442) uses a DHS reference standard BIOFWTHTRMWHO (V444) uses the WHO reference standard 99995 Flagged cases 99998 Missing 99999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Weight for height percent of reference median (WHO) (respondents to women's survey) BIOFWTHTRMWHO (V444) reports the respondent's weight-for-height as a percent of the median weight for a reference population of the same height. This variable uses the World Health Organization (WHO) reference standard. This index has been adjusted for pregnant women according to duration of pregnancy. The following variables report the respondent's weight for height as a percent of the median weight for different reference populations: BIOFWTHTRMDHS (V442) uses a DHS reference standard BIOFWTHTRMFOG (V444) uses the Metropolitan Life or Fogarty reference standard 99995 Flagged cases 99998 Missing 99999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Weight for height standard deviations from the reference median (DHS) (respondents to female survey) BIOFWTHTSDRM (V444A) reports the difference between the respondent's weight and the median weight of a reference population of the same height and sex, expressed in units equal to one standard deviation of the reference population's distribution. This variable uses a DHS reference standard. An anthropometry measure expressed in reference standard deviation units is also known as a Z-score. BIOFWTHTSDRM values are reported in units equal to 100 times the Z-score, to preserve two decimal places without requiring the use of a decimal point. Dividing BIOFWTHTSDRM by 100 will yield the height-for-age Z-score (HAZ) value. The complementary DHS variable BIOFWTHTPCTDHS (V442) reports weight-for-height percentiles within the same reference population. Unlike z-scores, percentiles do not allow comparison across age and sex and cannot assess longitudinal change in growth status; users are advised to consult anthropometry literature for further discussion. 9995 Flagged cases 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Body Mass Index (BMI) for respondents to the women's survey BIOFBMI (V445) reports the female respondent's body mass index (BMI). BMI is an anthropometric measure relating weight to height, equal to body weight (kilograms) divided by height (meters) squared (W/(H^2)). Also known as the Quetelet Index, BMI is a measure of acute nutritional status, based on the Fogarty Metropolitan Life tables of ideal weight for height. The DHS Guide to Statistics offers the following guidelines for interpreting BMI scores for women age 15-49: Severely thin: less than 16.0 Moderately thin: 16.0 to 16.9 Mildly thin: 17.0 to 18.4 Normal: 18.5 to 24.9 Overweight: 25.0 to 29.9 Obese: 30.0 or more The original height and weight values used to calculate BMI are also included in IPUMS-DHS. WEIGHTFEM (V437) reports the respondent's weight in kilograms, as measured by DHS personnel; HEIGHTFEM (V438) reports the person's length or height in centimeters, as measured by DHS personnel. For an alternate measure of female nutrition, IPUMS-DHS users may also be interested in BIOFROHRER (V446), which reports the respondent's Rohrer's Index. This measure is equal to body weight (kilograms) divided by height (meters) cubed (W/(H^3)). 9995 Flagged cases 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Rohrer's index (mass/height cubed) (for respondents to female survey) BIOFROHRER (V446) reports the respondent's Rohrer's Index. Rohrer's Index is an anthropometric measure relating weight to height, equal to body weight (kilograms) divided by height (meters) cubed (W/(H^3)). Rohrer's Index is a measure of acute nutritional status, and may be used as an alternative to Body Mass Index. The original height and weight values used to calculate Rohrer's Index are also included in IPUMS-DHS. WEIGHTFEM (V437) reports the respondent's weight in kilograms as measured by DHS personnel; HEIGHTFEM (V438) reports their length or height in centimeters as measured by DHS personnel. For an alternate measure of female nutrition, IPUMS-DHS users may also be interested in BIOFBMI (V445), which reports the respondent's Body Mass Index (BMI), which is equal to body weight (kilograms) divided by height (meters) squared (W/(H^2)). 9995 Flagged cases 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Result of measurement of the respondent 910. RESULT RESPONDENT: MEASURED 1 NOT PRESENT 3 REFUSED 4 OTHER (SPECIFY) 6 CHILD(REN): MEASURED 1 CHILD SICK 2 CHILD NOT PRESENT 3 CHILD REFUSED 4 MOTHER REFUSED 5 OTHER (SPECIFY) 6 BIOFWHYNOTMEAS (V447) indicates whether the respondent was measured for height and weight, or, if not, why she was not measured. All "Not measured" responses have a common first digit of "1," while the second digit reveals the reason (e.g., sick, not present, refused). 00 Measured 10 Not measured 11 Sick 12 Not present 13 Refused 14 Incapacitated 15 Technical problems 19 Other 20 No measurement found in household 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Ever heard of or saw the Green Umbrella logo 617. Have you ever seen or heard of the Green Umbrella logo? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 619) DON'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 619) GRENBROLLY indicates whether the respondent had heard of or seen the Green Umbrella logo. This is a country-specific variable for Bangladesh. In 1996, the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare Department of Bangladesh initiated the Green Umbrella campaign, with the slogan "for health and family planning, go to the place where you see the green umbrella [logo]." This campaign supporting use of public integrated health services also incorporated publicity through a television drama. Survey questions about the Green Umbrella logo were designed to evaluate the effectiveness of the outreach campaign, in terms of raising awareness of the logo and its meaning. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing General healthcare Variables -- TOPICS Thinks Green Umbrella logo means: Health service-related 618. What does the Green Umbrella logo mean to you? CIRCLE ALL MENTIONED. FAMILY PLANNING RELATED A NOT FAMILY PLANNING RELATED B HEALTH SERVICE RELATED C DON'T KNOW OR UNSURE D GRENBROLLYHSERV indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported associating health services with the Bangladesh Green Umbrella logo. The Green Umbrella publicity campaign encouraged use of public integrated health services, including family planning, in facilities marked by that logo. For more information on the Green Umbrella campaign, see GRENBROLLYHR. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General healthcare Variables -- TOPICS Thinks Green Umbrella logo means: Family planning 618. What does the Green Umbrella logo mean to you? CIRCLE ALL MENTIONED. FAMILY PLANNING RELATED A NOT FAMILY PLANNING RELATED B HEALTH SERVICE RELATED C DON'T KNOW OR UNSURE D GRENBROLLYFP indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent associated family planning with the Bangladesh Green Umbrella logo. The Green Umbrella publicity campaign encouraged use of public integrated health services, including family planning, in facilities marked by that logo. For more information on the Green Umbrella campaign, see GRENBROLLYHR. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General healthcare Variables -- TOPICS Thinks Green Umbrella logo means: Not family planning 618. What does the Green Umbrella logo mean to you? CIRCLE ALL MENTIONED. FAMILY PLANNING RELATED A NOT FAMILY PLANNING RELATED B HEALTH SERVICE RELATED C DON'T KNOW OR UNSURE D GRENBROLLYNOTFP indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent did not associate family planning with the Bangladesh Green Umbrella logo. The Green Umbrella publicity campaign encouraged use of public integrated health services, including family planning, in facilities marked by that logo. For more information on the Green Umbrella campaign, see GRENBROLLYHR. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General healthcare Variables -- TOPICS Thinks Green Umbrella logo means: Don't know 618. What does the Green Umbrella logo mean to you? CIRCLE ALL MENTIONED. FAMILY PLANNING RELATED A NOT FAMILY PLANNING RELATED B HEALTH SERVICE RELATED C DON'T KNOW OR UNSURE D GRENBROLLYDK indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported not knowing the meaning of the Bangladesh Green Umbrella logo, despite having seen or heard of this symbol. The Green Umbrella publicity campaign encouraged use of public integrated health services, including family planning, in facilities marked by that logo. For more information on the Green Umbrella campaign, see GRENBROLLYHR. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General healthcare Variables -- TOPICS Barrier to woman's health care: Don't know where to go 480B. Many different factors can prevent women getting medical attention during the pregnancy and child birth. Sometimes women might have life threatening or serious situation during the pregnancy and childbirth. When you need medical advice or treatment for such situation, is each of the following a problem or no problem for you? Knowing where to go. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Not having a health facility nearby. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Going to health center. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Lack of confidence on source or services. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting permission to go. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting money needed for treatment. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting someone to accompany. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 BHCDKPLACE (V467A) indicates whether the woman reported not "knowing where to go" as a barrier to getting medical care for herself. 10 Not a big problem 11 No problem at all 12 Small problem 20 Is big problem 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Access to care Variables -- TOPICS Barrier to woman's health care: Getting permission 480B. Many different factors can prevent women getting medical attention during the pregnancy and child birth. Sometimes women might have life threatening or serious situation during the pregnancy and childbirth. When you need medical advice or treatment for such situation, is each of the following a problem or no problem for you? Knowing where to go. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Not having a health facility nearby. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Going to health center. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Lack of confidence on source or services. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting permission to go. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting money needed for treatment. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting someone to accompany. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 BHCPERMIT (V467B) indicates whether the woman reported "obtaining permission to go to the doctor/seek treatment" as a barrier to getting medical care for herself. 10 Not a big problem 11 No problem at all 12 Small problem 20 Is big problem 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Access to care Variables -- TOPICS Barrier to woman's health care: Lack money for treatment 480B. Many different factors can prevent women getting medical attention during the pregnancy and child birth. Sometimes women might have life threatening or serious situation during the pregnancy and childbirth. When you need medical advice or treatment for such situation, is each of the following a problem or no problem for you? Knowing where to go. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Not having a health facility nearby. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Going to health center. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Lack of confidence on source or services. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting permission to go. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting money needed for treatment. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting someone to accompany. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 BHCMONEY (V467C) indicates whether the woman reported "getting money needed for treatment" as a barrier to getting medical care for herself. 10 Not a big problem 11 No problem at all 12 Small problem only 20 Is big problem 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Access to care Variables -- TOPICS Barrier to woman's health care: Distance to facility 480B. Many different factors can prevent women getting medical attention during the pregnancy and child birth. Sometimes women might have life threatening or serious situation during the pregnancy and childbirth. When you need medical advice or treatment for such situation, is each of the following a problem or no problem for you? Knowing where to go. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Not having a health facility nearby. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Going to health center. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Lack of confidence on source or services. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting permission to go. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting money needed for treatment. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting someone to accompany. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 BHCDISTANCE (V467D) indicates whether the woman reported "the distance to the health facility" as a barrier to getting medical care for herself. 10 Not a big problem 11 No problem at all 12 Small problem 20 Is big problem 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Access to care Variables -- TOPICS Barrier to woman's health care: Having to take transport 480B. Many different factors can prevent women getting medical attention during the pregnancy and child birth. Sometimes women might have life threatening or serious situation during the pregnancy and childbirth. When you need medical advice or treatment for such situation, is each of the following a problem or no problem for you? Knowing where to go. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Not having a health facility nearby. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Going to health center. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Lack of confidence on source or services. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting permission to go. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting money needed for treatment. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting someone to accompany. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 BHCTAKETRAN (V467E) indicates whether the woman reported "having to take transportation" as a barrier to getting medical care for herself. 10 Not a big problem 11 No problem at all 12 Small problem 20 Is big problem 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Access to care Variables -- TOPICS Barrier to woman's health care: Not want to go alone 480B. Many different factors can prevent women getting medical attention during the pregnancy and child birth. Sometimes women might have life threatening or serious situation during the pregnancy and childbirth. When you need medical advice or treatment for such situation, is each of the following a problem or no problem for you? Knowing where to go. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Not having a health facility nearby. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Going to health center. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Lack of confidence on source or services. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting permission to go. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting money needed for treatment. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting someone to accompany. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 BHCALONE (V467F) indicates whether the woman reported "not wanting to go alone" as a barrier to getting medical care for herself. 10 Not a big problem 11 No problem at all 12 Small problem only 20 Is big problem 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Access to care Variables -- TOPICS Barrier to woman's health care: Attitude of health workers 480B. Many different factors can prevent women getting medical attention during the pregnancy and child birth. Sometimes women might have life threatening or serious situation during the pregnancy and childbirth. When you need medical advice or treatment for such situation, is each of the following a problem or no problem for you? Knowing where to go. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Not having a health facility nearby. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Going to health center. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Lack of confidence on source or services. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting permission to go. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting money needed for treatment. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 Getting someone to accompany. PROBLEM 1 NO PROBLEM 2 BHCATTHW indicates whether the woman reported "attitude of health workers" as a barrier to getting medical care for herself. 10 Not a big problem 11 No problem at all 12 Small problem 20 Is a big problem 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Access to care Variables -- TOPICS Whether and when this child's pregnancy wanted 405. At the time you became pregnant with (NAME), did you want to become pregnant then, did you want to wait until later, did you not want to have any (more) children at all? FOR MOST RECENT BIRTH IN THE LAST FIVE YEARS: THEN 1 (GO TO 406A) LATER 2 NO OR NO MORE 3 (GO TO 406A) FOR PREVIOUS BIRTHS IN THE LAST FIVE YEARS: THEN 1 (GO TO 420) LATER 2 NO OR NO MORE 3 (GO TO 420) For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey, CHDESIRE (M10) indicates whether the child was wanted at the time of pregnancy, was wanted but later, or was not wanted at all. 1 Wanted then 2 Wanted later 3 No more wanted 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Time wanted to wait before pregnancy 406. How much longer would you like to have waited? MONTHS 1 ___ YEARS 2 ___ DON'T KNOW 998 For children born in the three to five years before the survey to women who wanted to become pregnant later, CHDESIREL (M11) reports the length of time the mother would have wanted to wait for that pregnancy. Following DHS convention, intervals reported in weeks are coded with a "1" in the first digit, while intervals reported in years are coded with a "2" in the first digit. 100 MONTHS 101 1 month 102 2 months 103 3 104 4 105 5 106 6 107 7 108 8 109 9 110 10 111 11 112 12 113 13 114 14 115 15 116 16 117 17 118 18 119 19 120 20 121 21 122 22 123 23 124 24 125 25 126 26 127 27 128 28 129 29 130 30 131 31 132 32 133 33 134 34 135 35 136 36 137 37 138 38 139 39 140 40 141 41 142 42 143 43 144 44 145 45 146 46 147 47 148 48 149 49 150 50 151 51 152 52 153 53 154 54 155 55 156 56 157 57 158 58 159 59 160 60 161 61 162 62 163 63 164 64 165 65 166 66 167 67 168 68 169 69 170 70 171 71 172 72 173 73 174 74 175 75 176 76 177 77 178 78 179 79 180 80 181 81 182 82 183 83 184 84 185 85 186 86 187 87 188 88 189 89 190 90 191 91 192 92 193 93 194 94 195 95 196 96 197 97 198 98 199 Months, number unspecified 200 YEARS 201 1 year 202 2 years 203 3 204 4 205 5 206 6 207 7 208 8 209 9 210 10 211 11 212 12 213 13 214 14 215 15 216 16 217 17 218 18 219 19 220 20 221 21 222 22 223 23 224 24 225 25 226 26 227 27 228 28 229 29 230 30+ 299 Years, number unspecified 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 KIDSEX (B4) reports the sex of the child. 1 Male 2 Female Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 220) KIDALIVE (B5) reports whether the child was alive or dead at the time of interview. 0 No 1 Yes Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ KIDBIRTHMO (B1) reports the child's month of birth, according to the Gregorian calendar. 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ KIDBIRTHYR (B2) reports the child's year of birth, according to the Gregorian calendar. 1948 1948 1949 1949 1950 1950 1951 1951 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 2017 2017 2018 2018 Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth KIDAGEINFO (B10) reports the completeness of information about the child's age and date of birth. 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 98 Missing Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years 217. IF ALIVE: How old was (NAME) at his or her last birthday? RECORD AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS. AGE IN YEARS ___ KIDCURAGE (B8) reports the current age of the child, in years, at the time of the survey. 00 Less than 1 year 01 1 year 02 2 years 03 3 years 04 4 years 05 5 years 06 6 years 07 7 years 08 8 years 09 9 years 10 10 years 11 11 years 12 12 years 13 13 years 14 14 years 15 15 years 16 16 years 17 17 years 18 18 years 19 19 years 20 20 years 21 21 years 22 22 years 23 23 years 24 24 years 25 25 years 26 26 years 27 27 years 28 28 years 29 29 years 30 30 years 31 31 years 32 32 years 33 33 years 34 34 years 35 35 years 36 36 years 37 37 years 38 38 years 39 39 years 40 40 years 41 41 years 42 42 years 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ KIDDOBCMC (B3) reports the century month code for the date of birth of the child. KIDDOBCMC (B3) is a 4-digit variable. Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number 212. What name was given to your (first/next) baby? NAME ___ KIDBORD (BORD) reports the birth order in which the child was born, from 1 to n, where 1 = the first child born to a mother, and the nth birth is the most recently born child. Up to 20 births could be reported by a woman. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Child is twin or single birth 213. Were any of these births twins? SINGLE 1 MULTIPLE 2 KIDTWIN (B0) reports whether the child is a twin (or born in a multiple birth) or is a single birth. 10 Single birth/not a twin 20 Twin or multiple 21 1st of multiple births 22 2nd of multiple births 23 3rd of multiple births 24 4th of multiple births 25 5th of multiple births 26 6th of multiple births Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Child age at death (non-imputed) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ For deceased children, KIDAGEDEATH (B6) reports the age of the child at death in days, months or years. The first digit of the codes indicates the time unit: 1 for days, 2 for months, 3 for years. 100 Days: Died on day of birth 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 131 31 days 132 32 days 133 33 days 134 34 days 135 35 days 136 36 days 137 37 days 138 38 days 139 39 days 140 40 days 141 41 days 142 42 days 143 43 days 144 44 days 145 45 days 198 Days, unknown 199 Days old, number missing 200 Months old: Month of birth 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 224 24 months 225 25 months 226 26 months 227 27 months 228 28 months 229 29 months 230 30 months 231 31 months 232 32 months 233 33 months 234 34 months 235 35 months 236 36 months 237 37 months 238 38 months 239 39 months 240 40 months 241 41 months 242 42 months 243 43 months 244 44 months 245 45 months 246 46 months 247 47 months 248 48 months 249 49 months 250 50 months 251 51 months 252 52 months 253 53 months 254 54 months 255 55 months 256 56 months 257 57 months 258 58 months 259 59 months 260 60 months 261 61 months 262 62 months 263 63 months 264 64 months 265 65 months 266 66 months 297 Months, inconsistent 298 Months, unknown 299 Months old, number missing 300 Years 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 331 31 years 332 32 years 333 33 years 334 34 years 335 35 years 336 36 years 337 37 years 338 38 years 339 39 years 340 40 years 397 Years old, number inconsistent 398 Years old, number unknown 399 Years old, number missing 997 Inconsistent 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in month (including imputed) 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ For deceased children, KIDAGEDIEDIMP (B7) reports the age of the child at death in months (including imputed ages). 999 NIU (not in universe) Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child 220. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he or she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months old was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 ___ MONTHS 2 ___ YEARS 3 ___ KIDAGEDEATHFLAG (B13) reports the type of problem, if any, found when editing responses about the child's age at death (in KIDAGEDEATH). A code of 0 indicates no problem with the original response. 0 No flag 1 Reported age places death after interview 2 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 3 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 4 Reported age less than age first breastfed 5 Reported age before last vaccination 6 Reported age outside expected range for units 7 Reported age was imputed, units given 8 Reported age was imputed, units not given 9 NIU (not in universe) Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or with others 218. IF ALIVE: Is (NAME) living with you? YES 1 NO 2 KIDLIVESWITH (B9) reports the person the child usually lives with (i.e., the child's mother or someone else). 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceding birth interval, in months 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey who are not the first-born, or the twin of the first-born, child, BIRTHINTPREMO (B11) indicates the preceding birth interval, or the length of time in months the child was born after the mother's previous birth (i.e., after the child's first older sibling). 005 5 004 4 003 3 002 2 001 1 000 0 998 Missing 006 6 007 7 008 8 009 9 010 10 011 11 012 12 013 13 014 14 015 15 016 16 017 17 018 18 019 19 020 20 021 21 022 22 023 23 024 24 025 25 026 26 027 27 028 28 029 29 030 30 031 31 032 32 033 33 034 34 035 35 036 36 037 37 038 38 039 39 040 40 041 41 042 42 043 43 044 44 045 45 046 46 047 47 048 48 049 49 050 50 051 51 052 52 053 53 054 54 055 55 056 56 057 57 058 58 059 59 060 60 061 61 062 62 063 63 064 64 065 65 066 66 067 67 068 68 069 69 070 70 071 71 072 72 073 73 074 74 075 75 076 76 077 77 078 78 079 79 080 80 081 81 082 82 083 83 084 84 085 85 086 86 087 87 088 88 089 89 090 90 091 91 092 92 093 93 094 94 095 95 096 96 097 97 098 98 099 99 100 100 101 101 102 102 103 103 104 104 105 105 106 106 107 107 108 108 109 109 110 110 111 111 112 112 113 113 114 114 115 115 116 116 117 117 118 118 119 119 120 120 121 121 122 122 123 123 124 124 125 125 126 126 127 127 128 128 129 129 130 130 131 131 132 132 133 133 134 134 135 135 136 136 137 137 138 138 139 139 140 140 141 141 142 142 143 143 144 144 145 145 146 146 147 147 148 148 149 149 150 150 151 151 152 152 153 153 154 154 155 155 156 156 157 157 158 158 159 159 160 160 161 161 162 162 163 163 164 164 165 165 166 166 167 167 168 168 169 169 170 170 171 171 172 172 173 173 174 174 175 175 176 176 177 177 178 178 179 179 180 180 181 181 182 182 183 183 184 184 185 185 186 186 187 187 188 188 189 189 190 190 191 191 192 192 193 193 194 194 195 195 196 196 197 197 198 198 199 199 200 200 201 201 202 202 203 203 204 204 205 205 206 206 207 207 208 208 209 209 210 210 211 211 212 212 213 213 214 214 215 215 216 216 217 217 218 218 219 219 220 220 221 221 222 222 223 223 224 224 225 225 226 226 227 227 228 228 229 229 230 230 231 231 232 232 233 233 234 234 235 235 236 236 237 237 238 238 239 239 240 240 241 241 242 242 243 243 244 244 245 245 246 246 247 247 248 248 249 249 250 250 251 251 252 252 253 253 254 254 255 255 256 256 257 257 258 258 259 259 260 260 261 261 262 262 263 263 264 264 265 265 266 266 267 267 268 268 269 269 270 270 271 271 272 272 273 273 274 274 275 275 276 276 277 277 278 278 279 279 280 280 281 281 282 282 283 283 284 284 285 285 286 286 287 287 288 288 289 289 290 290 291 291 292 292 293 293 294 294 295 295 296 296 297 297 298 298 299 299 300 300 301 301 302 302 303 303 304 304 305 305 306 306 307 307 308 308 309 309 310 310 311 311 312 312 313 313 314 314 315 315 316 316 317 317 318 318 319 319 320 320 321 321 322 322 323 323 324 324 325 325 326 326 327 327 328 328 329 329 330 330 331 331 332 332 333 333 334 334 335 335 336 336 337 337 338 338 339 339 340 340 341 341 342 342 343 343 344 344 345 345 346 346 347 347 348 348 349 349 350 350 351 351 352 352 353 353 354 354 355 355 356 356 357 357 358 358 359 359 360 360 361 361 362 362 363 363 364 364 365 365 999 NIU (not in universe) Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? MONTH ___ YEAR ___ For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey who are not the last-born, or twin of the last-born, child, BIRTHINTPOSTMO (B12) indicates the succeeding birth interval, or the length of time in months the child was born before the mother's next birth (or before the child's first younger sibling). 999 NIU (not in universe) Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Any other live births in interval between birth and previous reported birth 221. Were there any other live births between (NAME OF PREVIOUS BIRTH) and (NAME)? (IF MORE THAN ONE BIRTH) YES 1 NO 2 OTHBIRTHININT (B15) indicates whether there were any other live births in the interval between this birth and the previously reported birth. The survey form included the question, "Were there any other live births between (NAME OF PREVIOUS BIRTH) and (NAME), including any children who died?" For DHS Phase III only, OTHBIRTHININT (B15) is limited to "Births for which the interval between the birth and the previously reported birth was four or more years (B14 =1)," according to the Recode Manuals. For later Phases, the universe is all second- and higher-order births. The DHS Recode Manuals include the following explanatory note about this variable: Variables B14 and B15 are questions used in the interview to try and ascertain if the respondent had omitted any live births while reporting her birth history. The birth history may have been modified during the interviewing process, and the responses may not now correspond to the interval between the birth and the preceding birth recorded in this section. The data have been included to help indicate cases where the respondent may have omitted live births while originally reporting the birth history. The omitted births should be included in this final version of the birth history. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Don't know 9 NIU (not in universe) Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Age of child in months 904. DATE OF BIRTH FROM QUESTION 215, AND ASK FOR DAY OF BIRTH. (FOR LIVING CHILD(REN) BORN SINCE APRIL 1994) DAY___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ For surviving children born in the three to five years before the survey, KIDAGEMO (HW1) reports the child's age in months at the time of the mother's interview (and at the time of the height and weight measurement of the child). This information is useful for calculating child malnutrition indicators such as height-for-age (stunting) and weight-for-age (underweight). The DHS Recode manuals report that the child's age in months is calculated from the century month code of the date of interview minus the century month code of the date of birth of the child. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Child anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Child's weight in kilograms 908. WEIGHT (IN KILOGRAMS) ___ For surviving children born in the three to five years before the survey, HWWEIGHT (HW2) reports the child's weight as measured by DHS personnel. HWWEIGHT values are reported in tenths of a kilogram, to preserve one kilogram decimal place without requiring the use of a decimal point. Dividing the HWWEIGHT value by 10 will yield the child's measured weight in kilograms. 9994 Not present 9995 Refused 9996 Other 9997 Weight out of range 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Child anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Child's height in centimeters 906. HEIGHT (IN CENTIMETERS) ___ For surviving children born in the three to five years before the survey, HWHEIGHT (HW3) reports the child's height as measured by DHS personnel. HWHEIGHT values are reported in millimeters, to preserve one centimeter decimal place without requiring the use of a decimal point. Dividing HWHEIGHT by 10 will yield the child's measured height in centimeters. In most surveys, HWHEIGHT was measured as a standing height for children at least 24 months old and as a recumbent length (with the child lying down) for children less than 24 months old, following WHO guidelines. As the DHS recode manuals note, however, there may be discrepancies between policy and practice with respect to this protocol. The related variable HWHTHOWMEAS indicates whether the child's height was measured as a recumbent length or a standing height, and is available for most surveys from Phase 2 forward. 9994 Not present 9995 Refused 9996 Other 9997 Out of range 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Child anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Index to birth history, for child measurement 902. LINE NUMBER FROM QUESTION 212 (FOR LIVING CHILD(REN) BORN SINCE APRIL 1994) ___ HWINDEX (HWIDX) reports the line number, in the birth history, of children under age 5 who were included in the health history of the women's questionnaire and who were potential subjects for height and weight measurement. The most recently born child would be coded 1, and the line number of the child should match the number in BIDX (index to birth history) and HIDX (index to children in health history). 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 9 NIU (not in universe) Child anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Weight for height percentile (CDC standards) For surviving children born in the three to five years before the survey, HWWTHTPCT (HW10) reports the child's weight-for-height percentile, based on smoothed percentile growth charts by height and sex developed by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control. Low child weight-for-height, or "wasting," is an indicator of acute malnutrition. The 5th percentile on growth charts has often been used as a screening cutoff to identify infants and children at greater nutritional and health risk. HWWEIGHT (HW2) reports the child's weight as measured by DHS personnel. HWHEIGHT (HW3) reports the child's measured height in centimeters. The related variable KIDAGEMO (HW1) reports the child's age in months at the time of measurement. For an alternative measure of child wasting in terms of weight-for-height using the same reference population, see HWWHZNCHS (HW11). HWWHZNCHS reports the difference between the child's weight and the median weight of the CDC reference population of the same height and sex, expressed in units equal to one standard deviation of the reference population's distribution. 9997 Flagged cases 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Child anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Weight for height standard deviations from reference median (CDC) For surviving children born in the three to five years before the survey, HWWHZNCHS (HW11) reports the difference between the child's weight and the median weight of a reference population of the same height and sex, expressed in units equal to one standard deviation of the reference population's distribution. An anthropometry measure expressed in reference standard deviation units is also known as a Z-score. HWWHZNCHS values are provided in units equal to 100 times the Z-score, to preserve two decimal places without requiring the use of a decimal point. Dividing HWWHZNCHS by 100 will yield a child's weight-for-height Z-score (WHZ) value. Low child weight-for-height, or "wasting," is an indicator of acute malnutrition. The WHO Global Database on Child Growth and Malnutrition [URL omitted from DDI.] considers a weight-for-height Z-score (WHZ) between -2 and -3 to represent moderate acute malnutrition, and WHZ below -3 to represent severe acute malnutrition. Reference populations used to generate HWWHZNCHS draw from 1978 U.S. CDC National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) international growth reference [URL omitted from DDI.] data. This reference was considered standard by WHO until the 2006 release of the WHO Multicenter Growth Reference Study (MGRS), which generated new standard anthropometry curves using a globally diverse reference population intended to reflect healthy growth conditions. DHS has continued to release child anthropometric variables using NCHS/CDC 1978 reference populations, to preserve comparability with samples preceding the 2006 WHO MGRS release. DHS has also created anthropometric Z-score variables using WHO MGRS 2006 reference populations. The variable HWWHZWHO (HW72) uses WHO MGRS 2006 reference populations to generate weight-for-height Z-scores. This variable was generated for all DHS samples including the necessary anthropometric measurements, including those preceding 2006. HWWEIGHT (HW2) reports the child's weight as measured by DHS personnel, and HWHEIGHT (HW3) reports the child's length or height as measured by DHS personnel. See HWHEIGHT (HW3) and HWHTHOWMEAS (HW15) for specifics on child length/height measurement. The complementary DHS variable HWWTHTPCT (HW10) reports the child's weight-for-height percentile within the same reference population used in HWWHZNCHS. The complementary DHS variable HWWTHTPCTRM (HW12) reports the child's weight-for-height as a percentage of the median of the same reference population. Unlike z-scores, percentiles do not allow comparison across age and sex and cannot assess longitudinal change in growth status; users are advised to consult anthropometry literature [URL omitted from DDI.] for further discussion. 9997 Flagged cases 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Child anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Weight for height percent of reference median (CDC standards) For surviving children born in the three to five years before the survey, HWWTHTPCTRM (HW12) reports the child's weight-for-height as a percent of the median weight in growth charts by height and sex developed by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control. Low child weight-for-height, or "wasting," is an indicator of acute malnutrition. The 5th percentile on growth charts has often been used as a screening cutoff to identify infants and children at greater nutritional and health risk. HWWEIGHT (HW2) reports the child's weight as measured by DHS personnel. HWHEIGHT (HW3) reports the child's measured height in centimeters. The related variable KIDAGEMO (HW1) reports the child's age in months at the time of measurement. For an alternative measure of child wasting in terms of weight-for-height using the same reference population, see HWWHZNCHS (HW11). HWWHZNCHS reports the difference between the child's weight and the median weight of the CDC reference population of the same height and sex, expressed in units equal to one standard deviation of the reference population's distribution. 99997 Flagged cases 99998 Missing 99999 NIU (not in universe) Child anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Weight for age percentile (CDC standards) For surviving children born in the three to five years before the survey, HWWTAPCT (HW7) reports the child's weight-for-age percentile, based on smoothed percentile growth charts by age and sex developed by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control. Low child weight-for-age, or "underweight," is an indicator of chronic and/or acute malnutrition. The 5th percentile on growth charts has often been used as a screening cutoff to identify infants and children at greater nutritional and health risk. HWWEIGHT (HW2) reports the child's weight as measured by DHS personnel. The related variable KIDAGEMO (HW1) reports the child's age in months at the time of measurement. For an alternative measure of child wasting in terms of weight-for-age using the same reference population, see HWWAZNCHS (HW8). HWWAZNCHS reports the difference between the child's weight and the median weight of the CDC reference population of the same age and sex, expressed in units equal to one standard deviation of the reference population's distribution. 9997 Flagged cases 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Child anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Weight for age standard deviations from reference median (CDC) For surviving children born in the three to five years before the survey, HWWAZNCHS (HW8) reports the difference between the child's weight and the median weight of a reference population of the same age and sex, expressed in units equal to one standard deviation of the reference population's distribution. An anthropometry measure expressed in reference standard deviation units is also known as a Z-score. HWWAZNCHS values are provided in units equal to 100 times the Z-score, to preserve two decimal places without requiring the use of a decimal point. Dividing HWWAZNCHS by 100 will yield a child's weight-for-age Z-score (WAZ) value. Low child weight-for-age, or "underweight," is a composite indicator of acute and/or chronic malnutrition. The WHO Global Database on Child Growth and Malnutrition [URL omitted from DDI.] considers a weight-for-age Z-score (WAZ) between -2 and -3 to represent moderate malnutrition, and WAZ below -3 to represent severe malnutrition. Reference populations used to generate HWWAZNCHS draw from 1978 U.S. National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) international growth reference [URL omitted from DDI.] data. This reference was considered standard by WHO until the 2006 release of the WHO Multicenter Growth Reference Study (MGRS), which generated new standard anthropometry curves using a globally diverse reference population intended to reflect healthy growth conditions. DHS has also created anthropometric Z-score variables using WHO MGRS 2006 reference populations. HWWAZWHO (HW71) uses WHO MGRS 2006 reference populations to generate weight-for-age Z-scores. This variable was generated for all samples including the necessary anthropometric measurements, including those preceding 2006. HWWEIGHT (HW2) reports the child's weight in kilograms as measured by DHS personnel. KIDAGEMO (HW1) reports the child's age in months at the time of measurement. 9997 Flagged cases 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Child anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Weight for age percent of the reference median (CDC standards) For surviving children born in the three to five years before the survey, HWWTAPCTRM (HW9) reports the child's weight-for-age as a percent of the median weight for a reference population of the same age and sex. For this variable, the reference population was developed by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control. Low child weight-for-age, or "underweight," is an indicator of acute and/or chronic malnutrition, HWWEIGHT (HW2) reports the child's weight as measured by DHS personnel. The related variable KIDAGEMO (HW1) reports the child's age in months at the time of measurement. The similar variable HWWTAPCT (HW7) reports the child's weight-for-age percentile relative to smoothed percentile growth charts by age and sex, for the same reference population. For an alternative measure of child stunting in terms of weight-for-age and using the same reference population, see HWWAZNCHS (HW8). HWWAZNCHS reports the difference between the child's height and the median weight of the CDC reference population of the same age and sex, expressed in units equal to one standard deviation of the reference population's distribution. 99998 Missing 99999 NIU (not in universe) 99997 Flagged cases Child anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Height for Age percentile (CDC standards) For surviving children born in the three to five years before the survey, HWHTAPCT (HW4) reports the child's height-for-age percentile, based on smoothed percentile growth charts by age and sex developed by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control. Low child height-for-age, or "stunting," is an indicator of chronic malnutrition, The 5th percentile on growth charts has often been used as a screening cutoff to identify infants and children at greater nutritional and health risk. HWHEIGHT (HW3) reports the child's length or height as measured by DHS personnel. See this variable and HWHTHOWMEAS (HW15) for specifics on child length/height measurement. The related variable KIDAGEMO (HW1) reports the child's age in months at the time of measurement. For an alternative measure of child stunting in terms of height-for-age for the same reference population, see HWHAZNCHS (HW5). HWHAZNCHS reports the difference between the child's height and the median height of the CDC reference population of the same age and sex, expressed in units equal to one standard deviation of the reference population's distribution. 9997 Flagged cases 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Child anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Height for age standard deviations from reference median (CDC) For surviving children born in the three to five years before the survey, HWHAZNCHS (HW5) reports the difference between the child's height and the median height of a reference population of the same age and sex, expressed in units equal to one standard deviation of the reference population's distribution. An anthropometry measure expressed in reference standard deviation units is also known as a Z-score. HWHAZNCHS values are reported in units equal to 100 times the Z-score, to preserve two decimal places without requiring the use of a decimal point. Dividing HWHAZNCHS by 100 will yield a child's height-for-age Z-score (HAZ) value. Low child height-for-age, or "stunting," is an indicator of chronic malnutrition. The WHO Global Database on Child Growth and Malnutrition [URL omitted from DDI.] considers a height-for-age Z-score (HAZ) between -2 and -3 to represent moderate chronic malnutrition, and HAZ scores below -3 to represent severe chronic malnutrition. Reference populations used to generate HWHAZNCHS draw from 1978 U.S. CDC National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) international growth reference [URL omitted from DDI.] data. This reference was considered standard by WHO until the 2006 release of the WHO Multicenter Growth Reference Study (MGRS), which generated new standard anthropometry curves using a globally diverse reference population intended to reflect healthy growth conditions. DHS has continued to release anthropometric variables using NCHS/CDC 1978 reference populations, to preserve comparability with samples preceding the 2006 WHO MGRS release. DHS has also created anthropometric Z-score variables using WHO MGRS 2006 reference populations. The variable HWHAZWHO (HC70) uses WHO MGRS 2006 reference populations to generate height-for-age Z-scores. This variable was generated for all DHS samples including the necessary anthropometric measurements, including those preceding 2006. HWHEIGHT (HW3) reports the child's length or height as measured by DHS personnel. See this variable and HWHTHOWMEAS (HW15) for specifics on child length/height measurement. The related variable KIDAGEMO (HW1) reports the child's age in months at the time of measurement. The complementary DHS variable HWHTAPCT (HW4) reports the child's height-for-age percentile within the same reference population used in HWHAZNCHS. The complementary DHS variable HWHTAPCTRM (HW9) reports the child's height-for-age as a percentage of the median of the same reference population. Unlike z-scores, percentiles do not allow comparison across age and sex and cannot assess longitudinal change in growth status; users are advised to consult anthropometry literature [URL omitted from DDI.] for further discussion. 9997 Flagged cases 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Child anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Height for age percent of reference median (CDC standards) For surviving children born in the three to five years before the survey, HWHTAPCTRM (HW6) reports the child's height-for-age as a percent of the median height for a reference population of the same age and sex. For this variable, the reference population was developed by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control. Low child height-for-age, or "stunting," is an indicator of chronic malnutrition, HWHEIGHT (HW3) reports the child's length or height as measured by DHS personnel. See this variable and HWHTHOWMEAS (HW15) for specifics on child length/height measurement. The related variable KIDAGEMO (HW1) reports the child's age in months at the time of measurement. The similar variable HWHTAPCT (HW4) reports the child's height-for-age percentile relative to smoothed percentile growth charts by age and sex, for the same reference population. For an alternative measure of child stunting in terms of height-for-age, see HWHAZNCHS (HW5). HWHAZNCHS reports the difference between the child's height and the median height of the CDC reference population of the same age and sex, expressed in units equal to one standard deviation of the reference population's distribution. 99997 Flagged cases 99998 Missing 99999 NIU (not in universe) Child anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Whether child measured, and, if not, why not 910. RESULT RESPONDENT: MEASURED 1 NOT PRESENT 3 REFUSED 4 OTHER (SPECIFY) 6 CHILD(REN): MEASURED 1 CHILD SICK 2 CHILD NOT PRESENT 3 CHILD REFUSED 4 MOTHER REFUSED 5 OTHER (SPECIFY) 6 HWWHYNOTMEAS (HW13) indicates whether the child was measured for height and weight or, if not, why the child was not measured. All "no" responses have a common first digit of "2," while the second digit reveals the reason (e.g., consent refused, dead, sick). 10 Measured 20 Not measured 21 Dead 22 Sick 23 Not present 24 Refused 25 Mother refused 26 Child asleep 27 Other 97 No measurement found in household 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Child anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS BCG scar from TB vaccination seen 905. BCG SCAR ON TOP LEFT SHOULDER (FOR LIVING CHILD(REN) BORN SINCE APRIL 1994) SCAR SEEN 1 NO SCAR 2 HWBCGSCAR (HW14) indicates whether DHS personnel saw a BCG (anti-tuberculosis) vaccination scar on the child's arm or shoulder when measuring height and weight. Direct information on whether the child received a BCG vaccination, based on the child's immunization card or the mother's report, is reported in VACBCG. 0 No scar 1 Scar seen 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Child's height measured lying down or standing up 907. WAS LENGTH OR HEIGHT OF CHILD MEASURED LYING DOWN OR STANDING UP? (FOR LIVING CHILD(REN) BORN SINCE APRIL 1994) LYING 1 STANDING 2 HWHTHOWMEAS (HW15) reports whether the height of children under age 5 was measured when they were lying down or standing up. According to the DHS Recode Manuals: In DHS surveys, children aged less than 24 months are to be measured lying down, children 24 months or older are to be measured standing up. There may, however, be a considerable discrepancy between policy and practice! 0 Not measured 1 Lying down 2 Standing up 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 6 Inconsistent Child anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Child's day of birth 904. DATE OF BIRTH FROM QUESTION 215, AND ASK FOR DAY OF BIRTH. (FOR LIVING CHILD(REN) BORN SINCE APRIL 1994) DAY___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ For surviving children born in the three to five years before the survey, HWDAYOFBIRTH (HW16) reports the day of the month on which the child was born. The DHS recode manuals for Phase 2 forward report that the day of birth of the child is used in conjunction with the date of measurement of the child to more finely calculate the age of the child in days when computing anthropometric measures. This level of accuracy can be important in very young children. The age of the child calculated from the day of birth information is not used as a background characteristic for tabulations, but purely to produce a more accurate set of anthropometric measures. DHS analysis thus uses HWDAYOFBIRTH and the date of the child's height and weight measurement to precisely calculate child malnutrition indicators such as height-for-age (stunting) and weight-for-age (underweight) Z-scores. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Child anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Day of measurement 909. DATE WEIGHED AND MEASURED DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ For surviving children born in the three to five years before the survey, HWDAYMEAS (HW17) indicates the day of the month on which the child's height and weight were measured by DHS personnel. The child's age in days on the day of measurement is used in DHS calculations of anthropometric Z-scores. The complementary variables HWMONTHMEAS and HWYEARMEAS report the month and the year, respectively, of the child's height and weight measurement. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Child anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Month of measurement 909. DATE WEIGHED AND MEASURED DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ For surviving children born in the three to five years before the survey, HWMONTHMEAS (HW18) reports the month of the year during which the child's height and weight were measured by DHS personnel. The complementary variables HWDAYMEAS and HWYEARMEAS report the day (of the month) and the year, respectively, of the child's height and weight measurement. 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Child anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Year of measurement 909. DATE WEIGHED AND MEASURED DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ For surviving children born in the three to five years before the survey, HWYEARMEAS (HW19) reports the year during which the child's height and weight were measured by DHS personnel. The complementary variables HWDAYMEAS and HWMONTHMEAS report the day and the month, respectively, of the child's height and weight measurement. 2016 2016 2015 2015 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) 2017 2017 2018 2018 Child anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Height for age standard deviations from median (WHO) For surviving children born in the three to five years before the survey, HWHAZWHO (HW70) reports the difference between the child's height and the median height of a reference population of the same age and sex, expressed in units equal to one standard deviation of the reference population's distribution. An anthropometry measure expressed in reference standard deviation units is also known as a Z-score. HWHAZWHO values are reported in units equal to 100 times the Z-score, to preserve two decimal places without requiring the use of a decimal point. Dividing HWHAZWHO by 100 will yield a child's height-for-age Z-score (HAZ) value. Low child height-for-age, or "stunting," is an indicator of chronic malnutrition. The WHO Global Database on Child Growth and Malnutrition [URL omitted from DDI.] considers a height-for-age Z-score (HAZ) between -2 and -3 to represent moderate chronic malnutrition, and HAZ below -3 to represent severe chronic malnutrition. Reference populations used to generate HWHAZWHO draw from the WHO Multicenter Growth Reference Study (MGRS) [URL omitted from DDI.] released in 2006, which defined new standard anthropometry curves using a globally diverse reference population intended to reflect healthy growth conditions. For DHS samples that preceded WHO MGRS release, DHS retroactively calculated height-for-age Z scores using WHO MGRS reference data. Prior to the WHO MGRS, DHS anthropometry reference populations drew from 1978 U.S. CDC National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) international growth reference [URL omitted from DDI.], which was the previous international standard reference. The DHS variable HWHAZNCHS reports the child's height-for-age Z-score value using the NCHS/CDC 1978 reference population. DHS has continued to release versions of all child anthropometric variables using NCHS/CDC 1978 reference populations, to preserve comparability with samples preceding the 2006 WHO MGRS release. HWHEIGHT (HW3) reports the child's length or height as measured by DHS personnel. See this variable and HWHTHOWMEAS (HW15) for specifics on child length/height measurement. The related variable KIDAGEMO (HW1) reports the child's age in months at the time of measurement. 9995 Height out of plausible limits 9996 Age in days out of plausible limits 9997 Flagged cases 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Child anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Weight for age standard deviations from median (WHO) For surviving children born in the three to five years before the survey, HWWAZWHO (HW71) reports the difference between the child's weight and the median weight of a reference population of the same age and sex, expressed in units equal to one standard deviation of the reference population's distribution. An anthropometry measure expressed in reference standard deviation units is also known as a Z-score. HWWAZWHO values are reported in units equal to 100 times the Z-score, to preserve two decimal places without requiring the use of a decimal point. Dividing HWWAZWHO by 100 will yield a child's weight-for-age Z-score (WAZ) value. Low child weight-for-age, or "underweight," is a composite indicator of acute and/or chronic malnutrition. The WHO Global Database on Child Growth and Malnutrition [URL omitted from DDI.] considers a weight-for-age Z-score (WAZ) between -2 and -3 to represent moderate malnutrition, and WAZ below -3 to represent severe malnutrition. Reference populations used to generate HWWAZWHO draw from the WHO Multicenter Growth Reference Study (MGRS) [URL omitted from DDI.] released in 2006, which defined new standard anthropometry curves using a globally diverse reference population intended to reflect healthy growth conditions. For DHS samples that preceded WHO MGRS release, DHS retroactively calculated weight-for-age Z scores using WHO MGRS reference data. Prior to the WHO MGRS, DHS anthropometry reference populations drew from 1978 U.S. CDC National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) international growth reference [URL omitted from DDI.] data, which was the previous international standard reference. The DHS variable HWWAZNCHS (HW8) reports the child's weight-for-age Z-score value using the NCHS/CDC 1978 reference population. DHS has continued to release versions of all child anthropometric variables using NCHS/CDC 1978 reference populations, to preserve comparability with samples preceding the 2006 WHO MGRS release. HWWEIGHT (HW2) reports the child's weight as measured by DHS personnel. KIDAGEMO (HW1) reports the child's age in months at the time of measurement. 9995 Height out of plausible limits 9996 Age in days out of plausible limits 9997 Flagged cases 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Child anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Weight for height standard deviations from median (WHO) For surviving children born in the three to five years before the survey, HWWHZWHO (HW72) reports the difference between the child's weight and the median weight of a reference population of the same height and sex, expressed in units equal to one standard deviation of the reference population's distribution. An anthropometry measure expressed in reference standard deviation units is also known as a Z-score. HWWHZWHO values are reported in units equal to 100 times the Z-score, to preserve two decimal places without requiring the use of a decimal point. Dividing HWWHZWHO by 100 will yield a child's weight-for-height Z-score (WHZ) value. Low child weight-for-height, or "wasting," is an indicator of acute malnutrition. The WHO Global Database on Child Growth and Malnutrition [URL omitted from DDI.] considers a weight-for-height Z-score (WHZ) between -2 and -3 to represent moderate acute malnutrition, and WHZ below -3 to represent severe acute malnutrition. Reference populations used to generate HWWHZWHO draw from the WHO Multicenter Growth Reference Study (MGRS) [URL omitted from DDI.] released in 2006, which defined new standard anthropometry curves using a globally diverse reference population intended to reflect healthy growth conditions. For DHS samples that preceded WHO MGRS release, DHS retroactively calculated weight-for-height Z scores using WHO MGRS reference data. Prior to the WHO MGRS, DHS anthropometry reference populations drew from 1978 U.S. CDC National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) international growth reference [URL omitted from DDI.] data, which was the previous international standard reference. The DHS variable HWWHZNCHS (H11) reports the child's weight-for-height Z-score value using the NCHS/CDC 1978 reference population. DHS has continued to release versions of all child anthropometric variables using NCHS/CDC 1978 reference populations, to preserve comparability with samples preceding the 2006 WHO MGRS release. HWWEIGHT (HW2) reports the child's weight in kilograms as measured by DHS personnel. HWHEIGHT (HW3) reports the child's length or height in centimeters as measured by DHS personnel. See HWHEIGHT and HWHTHOWMEAS (HW15) for specifics on child length/height measurement. 9995 Height out of plausible limits 9996 Age in days out of plausible limits 9997 Flagged cases 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Child anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Body Mass Index standard deviations (WHO) For surviving children born in the three to five years before the survey, HWBMIZWHO (HW73) reports the difference between the child's body mass index (BMI) and the median BMI of a reference population of the same age and sex, expressed in units equal to one standard deviation of the reference population's distribution. An anthropometry measure expressed in reference standard deviation units is also known as a Z-score. HWBMIZWHO values are reported in units equal to 100 times the Z-score, to preserve two decimal places without requiring the use of a decimal point. Dividing HWBMIZWHO by 100 will yield a child's BMI-for-age Z-score (BMIZ) value. BMI is an anthropometric measure relating weight to height, equal to body weight (kilograms) divided by height (meters) squared. Considered in relation to a reference population, child BMI-for-age is valuable for assessing either underweight or overweight status, and particularly useful in settings where child malnutrition and child obesity coexist. Reference populations used to generate HWBMIZWHO draw from the WHO Multicenter Growth Reference Study (MGRS) [URL omitted from DDI.] released in 2006, which defined new standard anthropometry curves using a globally diverse reference population intended to reflect healthy growth conditions. For DHS samples that preceded WHO MGRS release, DHS retroactively calculated BMI-for-age Z scores using WHO MGRS reference data. DHS does not calculate BMI-for-age measures using the reference populations that preceded WHO MGRS (the 1978 U.S. CDC National Center for Health Statistics International Growth Reference data). The original height and weight values used to calculate BMI are also included in the DHS. HWWEIGHT (HW2) reports the child's weight in kilograms as measured by DHS personnel; HWHEIGHT (HW3) reports the child's length or height in centimeters as measured by DHS personnel. See HWHEIGHT and HWHTHOWMEAS (HW15) for specifics on child length/height measurement. The related variable KIDAGEMO (HW1) reports the child's age in months at the time of measurement. 9995 Height out of plausible limits 9996 Age in days out of plausible limits 9997 Flagged cases 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Child anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Received prenatal care 407. When you were pregnant with (NAME), did you see anyone for a medical checkup, for example, antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS SEEN. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A (GO TO 408) NURSE OR MIDWIFE B (GO TO 408) FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C (GO TO 408) OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D (GO TO 408) UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E (GO TO 408) UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F (GO TO 408) OTHER (SPECIFY) X (GO TO 408) NO ONE Y ANCARE indicates whether the child's mother received any antenatal care while the child was in utero. This variable is the inverse of ANCARENONE (M2N). 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Doctor gave prenatal care 407. When you were pregnant with (NAME), did you see anyone for a medical checkup, for example, antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS SEEN. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A (GO TO 408) NURSE OR MIDWIFE B (GO TO 408) FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C (GO TO 408) OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D (GO TO 408) UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E (GO TO 408) UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F (GO TO 408) OTHER (SPECIFY) X (GO TO 408) NO ONE Y ANCAREDOC (M2A) indicates whether a doctor gave the child's mother antenatal care while the child was in utero. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 1 Yes 0 No Child antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Nurse/midwife gave prenatal care 407. When you were pregnant with (NAME), did you see anyone for a medical checkup, for example, antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS SEEN. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A (GO TO 408) NURSE OR MIDWIFE B (GO TO 408) FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C (GO TO 408) OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D (GO TO 408) UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E (GO TO 408) UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F (GO TO 408) OTHER (SPECIFY) X (GO TO 408) NO ONE Y ANCARENURM (M2B) indicates whether a nurse or midwife (categories combined or not distinguished) gave the child's mother antenatal care while the child was in utero. Some samples in the "ANCARE" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include separate categories for nurse and midwife that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category in ANCARENURM. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories included in this variable by country. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Traditional birth attendant gave prenatal care 407. When you were pregnant with (NAME), did you see anyone for a medical checkup, for example, antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS SEEN. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A (GO TO 408) NURSE OR MIDWIFE B (GO TO 408) FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C (GO TO 408) OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D (GO TO 408) UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E (GO TO 408) UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F (GO TO 408) OTHER (SPECIFY) X (GO TO 408) NO ONE Y ANCARETBA (M2G) indicates whether a traditional birth attendant gave the child's mother antenatal care while the child was in utero. Wording for this response category varied across samples. See Comparability. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Trained traditional birth attendant gave prenatal care 407. When you were pregnant with (NAME), did you see anyone for a medical checkup, for example, antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS SEEN. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A (GO TO 408) NURSE OR MIDWIFE B (GO TO 408) FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C (GO TO 408) OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D (GO TO 408) UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E (GO TO 408) UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F (GO TO 408) OTHER (SPECIFY) X (GO TO 408) NO ONE Y ANCARETRBA (M2F) indicates whether a trained (traditional) birth attendant gave the child's mother antenatal care while the child was in utero. Wording for this category varied across samples. See Comparability. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Other person gave prenatal care 407. When you were pregnant with (NAME), did you see anyone for a medical checkup, for example, antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS SEEN. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A (GO TO 408) NURSE OR MIDWIFE B (GO TO 408) FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C (GO TO 408) OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D (GO TO 408) UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E (GO TO 408) UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F (GO TO 408) OTHER (SPECIFY) X (GO TO 408) NO ONE Y ANCAREOTH (M2K) indicates whether some other (unspecified) person gave the child's mother antenatal care while the child was in utero. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific categories included in a given sample. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Received no prenatal care 407. When you were pregnant with (NAME), did you see anyone for a medical checkup, for example, antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS SEEN. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A (GO TO 408) NURSE OR MIDWIFE B (GO TO 408) FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C (GO TO 408) OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D (GO TO 408) UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E (GO TO 408) UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F (GO TO 408) OTHER (SPECIFY) X (GO TO 408) NO ONE Y ANCARENONE (M2N) indicates whether the child's mother did not receive antenatal care while the child was in utero. The structure of the question varied across samples. See Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Timing of first antenatal visit for this pregnancy: Months 408. How many months pregnant were you when you first received medical checkup, for example, antenatal care for this pregnancy? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW 8 For children born in the three to five years before the survey, and whose mothers received antenatal care while the child was in utero (ANCARE), ANVISMO (M13) indicates the timing of the mother's first antenatal visit during that pregnancy, in months from the start of the pregnancy. 00 Less than 1 month pregnant 01 1 month 02 2 months 03 3 months 04 4 months 05 5 months 06 6 months 07 7 months 08 8 months 09 9 months 10 10 months 11 11 months 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Child antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Number of antenatal visits when child was in utero 409. How many times did you receive medical checkup during this pregnancy? NUMBER OF TIMES ___ DON'T KNOW 98 For children born in the three to five years before the survey, ANVISNO (M14) reports the number of antenatal visits the mother had while the child was in utero. Children whose mothers did not see anyone for antenatal care during the pregnancy are coded 0. The related variable ANVISNOTOP20 supplies the same material with a consistently applied top-code of 20+ visits. 00 0 visits 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 (or 20+) 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 (or 30+) 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 80 80 88 88 90 90 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Child antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Number of antenatal visits when child was in utero, topcoded at 20 409. How many times did you receive medical checkup during this pregnancy? NUMBER OF TIMES ___ DON'T KNOW 98 For children born in the three to five years before the survey, ANVISNOTOP20 reports the number of antenatal visits the mother had while the child was in utero, with values topcoded at 20+ visits. Children whose mothers did not see anyone for antenatal care during the pregnancy are coded 0. The related variable ANVISNO supplies the same material without imposing a consistent topcode. 00 0 visits 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20+ 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Child antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Month in pregnancy of last antenatal visit 411. How many months pregnant were you the last time your received medical checkup, for example, antenatal care? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW 8 For children born in the three to five years before the survey, and whose mothers saw someone for antenatal care while the child was in utero, ANVISMOLAST (M41) reports the timing of the last antenatal visit during that pregnancy, in months from the start of the pregnancy. 13 13 months 00 0 months 01 1 month 02 2 months 03 3 months 04 4 months 05 5 months 06 6 months 07 7 months 08 8 months 09 9 months 10 10 months 11 11 months 12 12 months 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Child antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Antenatal care received: Mother weighed 412A. During this pregnancy, were you weighed at least once? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 For children whose mothers received antenatal care while the child was in utero, ANCAREWT (M42A) indicates whether the child's mother was weighed at least once during antenatal care. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Antenatal care received: Mother's height measured 412B. During this pregnancy, was your height measured? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 For children whose mothers received antenatal care while the child was in utero, ANCAREHT (M42B) indicates whether the child's mother's height was measured at least once during antenatal care. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Antenatal care received: Mother's blood pressure taken 412C. During this pregnancy, did anyone take your blood pressure (put a cuff on your arm and pump air into it)? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 For children whose mothers received antenatal care while the child was in utero, ANCAREBP (M42C) indicates whether the mother's blood pressure was taken at least once during antenatal care. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Antenatal care received: Mother's blood sample taken 412E. When you were pregnant with (NAME), did anyone take your blood for testing? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 For children whose mothers received antenatal care while the child was in utero, ANCAREBLD (M42E) indicates whether a blood sample was taken at least once during antenatal care. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Antenatal care received: Urine sample taken 412D. When you were pregnant with (NAME), did anyone take your urine for testing? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 For children whose mothers received antenatal care while the child was in utero, ANCAREUR (M42D) indicates whether a urine sample was taken from the mother at least once during antenatal care. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Antenatal care received: Eye exam 412F. When you were pregnant with (NAME), did anyone check or exam your eye for anemia? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 For children whose mothers received antenatal care while the child was in utero, ANCAREYEXAM indicates whether the child's mother had her eyes examined at least once during antenatal care. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Tetanus injection before birth 406C. Before the pregnancy wit (NAME OF LAST CHILD) did you receive any TT injection? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 406E) DON'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 406E) ANTETNUS indicates whether the child's mother was given tetanus (toxoid) injections while the child was in utero, to avoid convulsions after birth. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Number of tetanus injections before birth 406C. Before the pregnancy wit (NAME OF LAST CHILD) did you receive any TT injection? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 406E) DON'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 406E) For children born in the three to five years before the survey, ANTETNUSNO (M1) indicates whether, and how many, tetanus (toxicoid) injections were given to the mother while the child was in utero, to avoid convulsions after birth. For a similar variable that only reports whether a tetanus injection was received, see ANTETNUS. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7+ 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Child antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Number of tetanus injections before pregnancy 406D. How many TT injections did you have before this pregnancy? NUMBER ___ For children born in the three to five years before the survey to women who received fewer than 2 tetanus injections while the child was in utero, PRETETNUSNO (M1A) reports the number of tetanus injections the mother received before that pregnancy began. 00 Received no injection 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7+ 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Child antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Reason no antenatal care: Costs too much 407A. Why did you not see anyone? Any other reason? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. TOO FAR A (GO TO 412A) INCONVENIENT SERVICE HOUR B (GO TO 412A) UNPLEASANT STAFF BEHAVIOUR C (GO TO 412A) LACK OF PROVIDER EXPERTISE D (GO TO 412A) LACK OF PRIVACY E (GO TO 412A) INADEQUATE DRUG SUPPLY F (GO TO 412A) LONG WAITING TIME G (GO TO 412A) SERVICE TOO EXPENSIVE H (GO TO 412A) RELIGIOUS REASONS I (GO TO 412A) NOT BENEFICIAL OR NEEDED J (GO TO 412A) DID NOT KNOW OF NEED FOR SERVICE K (GO TO 412A) WAS UNABLE OR NOT PERMITTED TO GO OUT OF THE HOUSE L (GO TO 412A) DID NOT KNOW OF EXISTENCE M (GO TO 412A) OTHER (SPECIFY) (GO TO 412A) ANCNOCOST indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the child's mother reported she did not receive antenatal care because it was too expensive. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Reason no antenatal care: Too far 407A. Why did you not see anyone? Any other reason? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. TOO FAR A (GO TO 412A) INCONVENIENT SERVICE HOUR B (GO TO 412A) UNPLEASANT STAFF BEHAVIOUR C (GO TO 412A) LACK OF PROVIDER EXPERTISE D (GO TO 412A) LACK OF PRIVACY E (GO TO 412A) INADEQUATE DRUG SUPPLY F (GO TO 412A) LONG WAITING TIME G (GO TO 412A) SERVICE TOO EXPENSIVE H (GO TO 412A) RELIGIOUS REASONS I (GO TO 412A) NOT BENEFICIAL OR NEEDED J (GO TO 412A) DID NOT KNOW OF NEED FOR SERVICE K (GO TO 412A) WAS UNABLE OR NOT PERMITTED TO GO OUT OF THE HOUSE L (GO TO 412A) DID NOT KNOW OF EXISTENCE M (GO TO 412A) OTHER (SPECIFY) (GO TO 412A) ANCNODIST indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the child's mother reported she did not receive antenatal care because care was too far away. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Reason no antenatal care: Did not know of existence 407A. Why did you not see anyone? Any other reason? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. TOO FAR A (GO TO 412A) INCONVENIENT SERVICE HOUR B (GO TO 412A) UNPLEASANT STAFF BEHAVIOUR C (GO TO 412A) LACK OF PROVIDER EXPERTISE D (GO TO 412A) LACK OF PRIVACY E (GO TO 412A) INADEQUATE DRUG SUPPLY F (GO TO 412A) LONG WAITING TIME G (GO TO 412A) SERVICE TOO EXPENSIVE H (GO TO 412A) RELIGIOUS REASONS I (GO TO 412A) NOT BENEFICIAL OR NEEDED J (GO TO 412A) DID NOT KNOW OF NEED FOR SERVICE K (GO TO 412A) WAS UNABLE OR NOT PERMITTED TO GO OUT OF THE HOUSE L (GO TO 412A) DID NOT KNOW OF EXISTENCE M (GO TO 412A) OTHER (SPECIFY) (GO TO 412A) ANCNODKEX indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the child's mother reported she did not receive antenatal care because she did not know of its existence. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Reason no antenatal care: Did not know of need for service 407A. Why did you not see anyone? Any other reason? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. TOO FAR A (GO TO 412A) INCONVENIENT SERVICE HOUR B (GO TO 412A) UNPLEASANT STAFF BEHAVIOUR C (GO TO 412A) LACK OF PROVIDER EXPERTISE D (GO TO 412A) LACK OF PRIVACY E (GO TO 412A) INADEQUATE DRUG SUPPLY F (GO TO 412A) LONG WAITING TIME G (GO TO 412A) SERVICE TOO EXPENSIVE H (GO TO 412A) RELIGIOUS REASONS I (GO TO 412A) NOT BENEFICIAL OR NEEDED J (GO TO 412A) DID NOT KNOW OF NEED FOR SERVICE K (GO TO 412A) WAS UNABLE OR NOT PERMITTED TO GO OUT OF THE HOUSE L (GO TO 412A) DID NOT KNOW OF EXISTENCE M (GO TO 412A) OTHER (SPECIFY) (GO TO 412A) ANCNODKND indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the child's mother reported she did not receive antenatal care because she did not know of the need for antenatal care. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Reason no antenatal care: Inadequate drug supply 407A. Why did you not see anyone? Any other reason? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. TOO FAR A (GO TO 412A) INCONVENIENT SERVICE HOUR B (GO TO 412A) UNPLEASANT STAFF BEHAVIOUR C (GO TO 412A) LACK OF PROVIDER EXPERTISE D (GO TO 412A) LACK OF PRIVACY E (GO TO 412A) INADEQUATE DRUG SUPPLY F (GO TO 412A) LONG WAITING TIME G (GO TO 412A) SERVICE TOO EXPENSIVE H (GO TO 412A) RELIGIOUS REASONS I (GO TO 412A) NOT BENEFICIAL OR NEEDED J (GO TO 412A) DID NOT KNOW OF NEED FOR SERVICE K (GO TO 412A) WAS UNABLE OR NOT PERMITTED TO GO OUT OF THE HOUSE L (GO TO 412A) DID NOT KNOW OF EXISTENCE M (GO TO 412A) OTHER (SPECIFY) (GO TO 412A) ANCNODRUG indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the child's mother reported she did not receive antenatal care because of an inadequate drug supply. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Reason no antenatal care: Inconvenient service hours 407A. Why did you not see anyone? Any other reason? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. TOO FAR A (GO TO 412A) INCONVENIENT SERVICE HOUR B (GO TO 412A) UNPLEASANT STAFF BEHAVIOUR C (GO TO 412A) LACK OF PROVIDER EXPERTISE D (GO TO 412A) LACK OF PRIVACY E (GO TO 412A) INADEQUATE DRUG SUPPLY F (GO TO 412A) LONG WAITING TIME G (GO TO 412A) SERVICE TOO EXPENSIVE H (GO TO 412A) RELIGIOUS REASONS I (GO TO 412A) NOT BENEFICIAL OR NEEDED J (GO TO 412A) DID NOT KNOW OF NEED FOR SERVICE K (GO TO 412A) WAS UNABLE OR NOT PERMITTED TO GO OUT OF THE HOUSE L (GO TO 412A) DID NOT KNOW OF EXISTENCE M (GO TO 412A) OTHER (SPECIFY) (GO TO 412A) ANCNOHRS indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the child's mother reported she did not receive antenatal care because of inconvenient service hours. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Reason no antenatal care: Long waiting time 407A. Why did you not see anyone? Any other reason? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. TOO FAR A (GO TO 412A) INCONVENIENT SERVICE HOUR B (GO TO 412A) UNPLEASANT STAFF BEHAVIOUR C (GO TO 412A) LACK OF PROVIDER EXPERTISE D (GO TO 412A) LACK OF PRIVACY E (GO TO 412A) INADEQUATE DRUG SUPPLY F (GO TO 412A) LONG WAITING TIME G (GO TO 412A) SERVICE TOO EXPENSIVE H (GO TO 412A) RELIGIOUS REASONS I (GO TO 412A) NOT BENEFICIAL OR NEEDED J (GO TO 412A) DID NOT KNOW OF NEED FOR SERVICE K (GO TO 412A) WAS UNABLE OR NOT PERMITTED TO GO OUT OF THE HOUSE L (GO TO 412A) DID NOT KNOW OF EXISTENCE M (GO TO 412A) OTHER (SPECIFY) (GO TO 412A) ANCNOLONGWT indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the child's mother reported she did not receive antenatal care because of the long wait time. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Reason no antenatal care: Not necessary 407A. Why did you not see anyone? Any other reason? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. TOO FAR A (GO TO 412A) INCONVENIENT SERVICE HOUR B (GO TO 412A) UNPLEASANT STAFF BEHAVIOUR C (GO TO 412A) LACK OF PROVIDER EXPERTISE D (GO TO 412A) LACK OF PRIVACY E (GO TO 412A) INADEQUATE DRUG SUPPLY F (GO TO 412A) LONG WAITING TIME G (GO TO 412A) SERVICE TOO EXPENSIVE H (GO TO 412A) RELIGIOUS REASONS I (GO TO 412A) NOT BENEFICIAL OR NEEDED J (GO TO 412A) DID NOT KNOW OF NEED FOR SERVICE K (GO TO 412A) WAS UNABLE OR NOT PERMITTED TO GO OUT OF THE HOUSE L (GO TO 412A) DID NOT KNOW OF EXISTENCE M (GO TO 412A) OTHER (SPECIFY) (GO TO 412A) ANCNOND indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the child's mother reported she did not receive antenatal care because such care was not necessary. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Reason no antenatal care: Not allowed to go 407A. Why did you not see anyone? Any other reason? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. TOO FAR A (GO TO 412A) INCONVENIENT SERVICE HOUR B (GO TO 412A) UNPLEASANT STAFF BEHAVIOUR C (GO TO 412A) LACK OF PROVIDER EXPERTISE D (GO TO 412A) LACK OF PRIVACY E (GO TO 412A) INADEQUATE DRUG SUPPLY F (GO TO 412A) LONG WAITING TIME G (GO TO 412A) SERVICE TOO EXPENSIVE H (GO TO 412A) RELIGIOUS REASONS I (GO TO 412A) NOT BENEFICIAL OR NEEDED J (GO TO 412A) DID NOT KNOW OF NEED FOR SERVICE K (GO TO 412A) WAS UNABLE OR NOT PERMITTED TO GO OUT OF THE HOUSE L (GO TO 412A) DID NOT KNOW OF EXISTENCE M (GO TO 412A) OTHER (SPECIFY) (GO TO 412A) ANCNOPERM indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the child's mother reported she did not receive antenatal care because she was not allowed to go. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Reason no antenatal care: Lack of privacy 407A. Why did you not see anyone? Any other reason? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. TOO FAR A (GO TO 412A) INCONVENIENT SERVICE HOUR B (GO TO 412A) UNPLEASANT STAFF BEHAVIOUR C (GO TO 412A) LACK OF PROVIDER EXPERTISE D (GO TO 412A) LACK OF PRIVACY E (GO TO 412A) INADEQUATE DRUG SUPPLY F (GO TO 412A) LONG WAITING TIME G (GO TO 412A) SERVICE TOO EXPENSIVE H (GO TO 412A) RELIGIOUS REASONS I (GO TO 412A) NOT BENEFICIAL OR NEEDED J (GO TO 412A) DID NOT KNOW OF NEED FOR SERVICE K (GO TO 412A) WAS UNABLE OR NOT PERMITTED TO GO OUT OF THE HOUSE L (GO TO 412A) DID NOT KNOW OF EXISTENCE M (GO TO 412A) OTHER (SPECIFY) (GO TO 412A) ANCNOPRIV indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the child's mother reported she did not receive antenatal care because of a lack of privacy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Reason no antenatal care: Religious reasons 407A. Why did you not see anyone? Any other reason? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. TOO FAR A (GO TO 412A) INCONVENIENT SERVICE HOUR B (GO TO 412A) UNPLEASANT STAFF BEHAVIOUR C (GO TO 412A) LACK OF PROVIDER EXPERTISE D (GO TO 412A) LACK OF PRIVACY E (GO TO 412A) INADEQUATE DRUG SUPPLY F (GO TO 412A) LONG WAITING TIME G (GO TO 412A) SERVICE TOO EXPENSIVE H (GO TO 412A) RELIGIOUS REASONS I (GO TO 412A) NOT BENEFICIAL OR NEEDED J (GO TO 412A) DID NOT KNOW OF NEED FOR SERVICE K (GO TO 412A) WAS UNABLE OR NOT PERMITTED TO GO OUT OF THE HOUSE L (GO TO 412A) DID NOT KNOW OF EXISTENCE M (GO TO 412A) OTHER (SPECIFY) (GO TO 412A) ANCNOREL indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the child's mother reported she did not receive antenatal care because of religious reasons. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Reason no antenatal care: Poor quality service 407A. Why did you not see anyone? Any other reason? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. TOO FAR A (GO TO 412A) INCONVENIENT SERVICE HOUR B (GO TO 412A) UNPLEASANT STAFF BEHAVIOUR C (GO TO 412A) LACK OF PROVIDER EXPERTISE D (GO TO 412A) LACK OF PRIVACY E (GO TO 412A) INADEQUATE DRUG SUPPLY F (GO TO 412A) LONG WAITING TIME G (GO TO 412A) SERVICE TOO EXPENSIVE H (GO TO 412A) RELIGIOUS REASONS I (GO TO 412A) NOT BENEFICIAL OR NEEDED J (GO TO 412A) DID NOT KNOW OF NEED FOR SERVICE K (GO TO 412A) WAS UNABLE OR NOT PERMITTED TO GO OUT OF THE HOUSE L (GO TO 412A) DID NOT KNOW OF EXISTENCE M (GO TO 412A) OTHER (SPECIFY) (GO TO 412A) ANCNOSERV indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the child's mother reported she did not receive antenatal care because of poor service. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Reason no antenatal care: Unpleasant staff behavior 407A. Why did you not see anyone? Any other reason? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. TOO FAR A (GO TO 412A) INCONVENIENT SERVICE HOUR B (GO TO 412A) UNPLEASANT STAFF BEHAVIOUR C (GO TO 412A) LACK OF PROVIDER EXPERTISE D (GO TO 412A) LACK OF PRIVACY E (GO TO 412A) INADEQUATE DRUG SUPPLY F (GO TO 412A) LONG WAITING TIME G (GO TO 412A) SERVICE TOO EXPENSIVE H (GO TO 412A) RELIGIOUS REASONS I (GO TO 412A) NOT BENEFICIAL OR NEEDED J (GO TO 412A) DID NOT KNOW OF NEED FOR SERVICE K (GO TO 412A) WAS UNABLE OR NOT PERMITTED TO GO OUT OF THE HOUSE L (GO TO 412A) DID NOT KNOW OF EXISTENCE M (GO TO 412A) OTHER (SPECIFY) (GO TO 412A) ANCNOSTAFF indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the child's mother reported she did not receive antenatal care because of unpleasant staff behavior. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Reason no antenatal care: Other 407A. Why did you not see anyone? Any other reason? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. TOO FAR A (GO TO 412A) INCONVENIENT SERVICE HOUR B (GO TO 412A) UNPLEASANT STAFF BEHAVIOUR C (GO TO 412A) LACK OF PROVIDER EXPERTISE D (GO TO 412A) LACK OF PRIVACY E (GO TO 412A) INADEQUATE DRUG SUPPLY F (GO TO 412A) LONG WAITING TIME G (GO TO 412A) SERVICE TOO EXPENSIVE H (GO TO 412A) RELIGIOUS REASONS I (GO TO 412A) NOT BENEFICIAL OR NEEDED J (GO TO 412A) DID NOT KNOW OF NEED FOR SERVICE K (GO TO 412A) WAS UNABLE OR NOT PERMITTED TO GO OUT OF THE HOUSE L (GO TO 412A) DID NOT KNOW OF EXISTENCE M (GO TO 412A) OTHER (SPECIFY) (GO TO 412A) ANCNOOTH indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the child's mother reported she did not receive antenatal care for some other reason. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific categories included in a particular sample. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Family welfare visitor gave prenatal care (Bangladesh) 407. When you were pregnant with (NAME), did you see anyone for a medical checkup, for example, antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS SEEN. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A (GO TO 408) NURSE OR MIDWIFE B (GO TO 408) FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C (GO TO 408) OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D (GO TO 408) UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E (GO TO 408) UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F (GO TO 408) OTHER (SPECIFY) X (GO TO 408) NO ONE Y ANCAREBD1 indicates whether a family welfare visitor gave the child's mother antenatal care while the child was in utero. This response category is country-specific to Bangladesh. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child antenatal care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Unqualified doctor gave prenatal care (Bangladesh) 407. When you were pregnant with (NAME), did you see anyone for a medical checkup, for example, antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS SEEN. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A (GO TO 408) NURSE OR MIDWIFE B (GO TO 408) FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C (GO TO 408) OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D (GO TO 408) UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E (GO TO 408) UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F (GO TO 408) OTHER (SPECIFY) X (GO TO 408) NO ONE Y ANCAREBD2 indicates whether an unqualified doctor gave the child's mother antenatal care while the child was in utero. This response category is country-specific to Bangladesh. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child antenatal care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Mother took iron tablets/syrup during pregnancy 416. Did you take any iron tablet or iron syrup during this pregnancy? SHOW TABLET OR SYRUP. YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 ANIRON (M45) indicates whether the child's mother took iron tablets or syrup while the child was in utero. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Antenatal iron supplements Variables -- TOPICS Mother told about pregnancy complications 413. When you were pregnant with (NAME) were you told about the signs of pregnancy complications? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 416) DON'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 416) For children whose mothers received antenatal care while the child was in utero, ANCARECOM (M43) indicates whether the child's mother was told about the signs of pregnancy complications during antenatal care. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child pregnancy complications Variables -- TOPICS Mother told where to go for pregnancy complications 414. Were you told where to go if you had these complications? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 For children whose mothers received antenatal care while the child was in utero, and whose mothers were told about the signs of pregnancy complications, ANCARECGO (M44) indicates whether the mother was told where to go if she had such complications. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child pregnancy complications Variables -- TOPICS Size of child at birth (subjective report) 422. When (NAME) was born, was he or she: very large, larger than average, average, smaller than average, or very small? VERY LARGE 1 LARGER THAN AVERAGE 2 AVERAGE 3 SMALLER THAN AVERAGE 4 VERY SMALL 5 DON'T KNOW 8 For children born in the last three to five years, BIRTHSZ (M18) indicates the size of the child at birth, reported subjectively by the mother. 10 Larger than average 11 Very large 12 Larger than average 20 Average 30 Smaller than average 31 Smaller than average 32 Very small 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Child delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Child delivered by caesarian section 427. Was (NAME) delivered by caesarian section? YES 1 (GO TO 432) NO 2 (GO TO 432) For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey, DELCESR (M17) indicates whether the child was born by caesarian section. Question wording varied somewhat across samples. See Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: Prolonged labor 420. Around the time of the birth (NAME), did you have any of the following problems: Long labor, that is, did your regular contractions last more than 18 hours? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Excessive bleeding that was so much that you feared it was life threatening? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 A high fever with bad smelling vaginal discharge? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Convulsions? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Baby's hands and feet came first during delivery? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey, DELPRLONG (M30) indicates whether the child's mother experienced prolonged labor, such as regular contractions lasting more than 12 hours. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: High fever 420. Around the time of the birth (NAME), did you have any of the following problems: Long labor, that is, did your regular contractions last more than 18 hours? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Excessive bleeding that was so much that you feared it was life threatening? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 A high fever with bad smelling vaginal discharge? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Convulsions? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Baby's hands and feet came first during delivery? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey, DELPROBFEV (M32) indicates whether the child's mother experienced a high fever with bad smelling vaginal discharge near the time of the child's birth. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: Excessive bleeding 420. Around the time of the birth (NAME), did you have any of the following problems: Long labor, that is, did your regular contractions last more than 18 hours? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Excessive bleeding that was so much that you feared it was life threatening? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 A high fever with bad smelling vaginal discharge? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Convulsions? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Baby's hands and feet came first during delivery? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey, DELPROBLE (M31) indicates whether the child's mother experienced excessive bleeding around the time of the child's birth. The definition of "excessive" bleeding was "so much that you feared that it threatened your life." 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: Convulsions 420. Around the time of the birth (NAME), did you have any of the following problems: Long labor, that is, did your regular contractions last more than 18 hours? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Excessive bleeding that was so much that you feared it was life threatening? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 A high fever with bad smelling vaginal discharge? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Convulsions? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Baby's hands and feet came first during delivery? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey, DELPROCON (M33) indicates whether the child's mother experienced "convulsions not caused by fever" near the time of the child's birth. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: Baby's feet came first 420. Around the time of the birth (NAME), did you have any of the following problems: Long labor, that is, did your regular contractions last more than 18 hours? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Excessive bleeding that was so much that you feared it was life threatening? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 A high fever with bad smelling vaginal discharge? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Convulsions? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Baby's hands and feet came first during delivery? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 DELPROBREECH indicates whether the child's hands or feet came out first (breech position) during delivery. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Place child was delivered 426. Where did you give birth to (NAME)? HOME OWN HOME 11 (GO TO 428) OTHER HOME 12 (GO TO 428) PUBLIC SECTOR GOVERNMENT HOSPITAL 21 THANA HEALTH COMPLEX 22 MATERNAL AND CHILD WELFARE CENTER (MCWC) 23 NGO SECTOR NGO STATIC CLINIC 31 PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC 41 OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 (GO TO 428) For children born in the three to five years before the survey, DELPL (M15) reports where the child was delivered. Response categories vary across samples. See Comparability. 1000 HOME 1100 Respondent's home 1200 Respondent's parents' home 1300 Nurse/midwife's home 1400 TBA's home 1500 Community/village health worker's home 1900 Other home 2000 PUBLIC SECTOR 2100 Government hospital 2110 Referral/specialty hospital 2120 National/central hospital 2130 Provincial/regional hospital 2140 Urban hospital 2150 District/rural hospital 2151 District hospital 2152 Rural hospital 2160 University hospital 2170 Military hospital 2180 Day hospital 2200 Government health center 2210 Referral health center 2220 Community health center 2230 Urban health center 2240 Rural health center 2250 Integrated health center 2260 Family welfare center 2270 Primary health center 2280 Basic health center 2290 Sub-health center 2300 Government maternal and child health (MCH) center 2400 Government outreach 2410 Government health post 2411 Village health post 2412 Sub-health post 2413 Outreach clinic 2420 Government mobile clinic 2430 Government health worker 2431 Community based distribution (CBD) 2432 Field worker 2433 Community midwife 2500 Government dispensary 2600 Government family planning clinic 2900 Other public sector 2901 Health home 2902 Health station/clinic 2903 Health office 2904 Community clinic 3000 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR 3100 Private hospital/clinic 3110 Private hospital 3111 Referral/specialty hospital 3112 District hospital 3113 Medical college hospital 3120 Private clinic 3121 Clinic 3122 Polyclinic 3200 Private doctor 3300 Private health center 3400 Private nursing/maternity home 3500 Private outreach 3510 Private mobile clinic 3520 Private health worker 3521 Nurse 3530 Private health post 3600 Private family planning clinic 3700 Private pharmacy/dispensary 3900 Other private medical sector 4000 NGO FACILITY 4100 NGO health facility 4110 Static clinic 4120 Red Cross facility 4130 Marie Stopes 4140 Refugee/NGO hospital 4200 Country-specific NGOs 4201 BLM 4202 CSI 4203 Egyptian family planning association (EFPA) 4900 Other NGO 5000 RELIGIOUS/MISSION 5100 Religious hospital/clinic 5110 Religious hospital 5111 Religious referral/specialty hospital 5112 Religious district hospital 5120 Religious clinic 5200 Religious health center/dispensary 5210 Religious health center 5220 Religious dispensary 5300 Religious health post 5900 Other religious/mission 6000 OTHER 6100 En route to provider 6200 Outside 6300 Abroad 9995 Other 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Child delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Doctor gave delivery care 425. Who assisted with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS ASSISTING. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F RELATIVES G OTHER (SPECIFY) Z NO ONE Z For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey, DELDOC (M3A) indicates whether a doctor assisted with the child's delivery. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Nurse/midwife gave delivery care 425. Who assisted with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS ASSISTING. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F RELATIVES G OTHER (SPECIFY) Z NO ONE Z For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey, DELNURM (M3B) indicates whether a nurse or midwife (categories combined or not distinguished) assisted with the child's delivery. Some samples in the "DEL" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, such as DELNURM, while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include separate categories for nurse and midwife that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories in this variable. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Child delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Traditional birth attendant gave delivery care 425. Who assisted with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS ASSISTING. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F RELATIVES G OTHER (SPECIFY) Z NO ONE Z For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey, DELTBA (M3G) indicates whether a traditional birth attendant assisted with the child's delivery. Wording for this response category varied across samples. See Comparability. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Trained traditional birth attendant gave delivery care 425. Who assisted with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS ASSISTING. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F RELATIVES G OTHER (SPECIFY) Z NO ONE Z For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey, DELTRBA (M3F) indicates whether a trained (traditional) birth attendant assisted with the child's delivery. Wording for this category varied across samples. See Comparability. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Relative gave delivery care 425. Who assisted with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS ASSISTING. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F RELATIVES G OTHER (SPECIFY) Z NO ONE Z For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey, DELREL (M3H) indicates whether a relative assisted with the child's delivery. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Other person gave delivery care 425. Who assisted with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS ASSISTING. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F RELATIVES G OTHER (SPECIFY) Z NO ONE Z For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey, DELOTH (M3K) indicates whether some other person assisted with the child's delivery. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific categories included in a given sample. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Child delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS No one gave delivery care 425. Who assisted with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS ASSISTING. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F RELATIVES G OTHER (SPECIFY) Z NO ONE Z For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey, DELNONE (M3N) indicates whether no one assisted with the child's delivery. 0 No, received care 1 Yes, received no care 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Family welfare visitor gave delivery care (Bangladesh) 425. Who assisted with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS ASSISTING. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F RELATIVES G OTHER (SPECIFY) Z NO ONE Z For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey, DELBD1 indicates whether a family welfare visitor assisted with the child's delivery. This response category is country-specific to Bangladesh. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child delivery care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Unqualified doctor gave delivery care (Bangladesh) 425. Who assisted with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL PERSONS ASSISTING. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT (TTBA) D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F RELATIVES G OTHER (SPECIFY) Z NO ONE Z For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey, DELBD2 indicates whether an unqualified doctor assisted with the child's delivery. This response category is country-specific to Bangladesh. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child delivery care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Mother's health checked by professional after child's birth 428. After (NAME) was born, did any medical persons check on your health? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 432) For last-born children under age 5, DELPPCHKB (M50) indicates whether the child's mother received a health check after delivering the child. 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No Child health postpartum Variables -- TOPICS Mother's health check timing after delivery 429. How many days or weeks after the delivery did the first check takes place? RECORD '00' DAYS IF SAME DAY DAYS AFTER DELIVERY 1 ___ WEEKS AFTER DELIVERY 2 ___ DON'T KNOW 998 For last-born children under age 5 whose mothers received a health check after delivering the child, DELPPCHKBTIM (M51) reports the timing of the mother's postpartum health check in hours, days or weeks. The related variable DELPPCHKB (M50) indicates whether the child's mother received a postpartum health check. 100 100: Immediately, within first hour 101 101: 1 hour 102 102 103 103 104 104 105 105 106 106 107 107 108 108 109 109 110 110 111 111 112 112 113 113 114 114 115 115 116 116 117 117 118 118 119 119 120 120 121 121 122 122 123 123 124 124 125 125 126 126 127 127 128 128 129 129 130 130 131 131 132 132 133 133 134 134 135 135 136 136 137 137 138 138 139 139 140 140 141 141 142 142 143 143 144 144 145 145 146 146 147 147 148 148 149 149 150 150 151 151 152 152 153 153 154 154 155 155 156 156 157 157 158 158 159 159 160 160 161 161 162 162 163 163 164 164 165 165 166 166 167 167 168 168 169 169 170 170 171 171 172 172 173 173 174 174 175 175 176 176 177 177 178 178 179 179 180 180 181 181 182 182 183 183 184 184 185 185 186 186 187 187 188 188 189 189 190 190 199 199: Hours, number missing 200 200: Same day 201 201: 1 day 202 202 203 203 204 204 205 205 206 206 207 207 208 208 209 209 210 210 211 211 212 212 213 213 214 214 215 215 216 216 217 217 218 218 219 219 220 220 221 221 222 222 223 223 224 224 225 225 226 226 227 227 228 228 229 229 230 230 231 231 232 232 233 233 234 234 235 235 236 236 237 237 238 238 239 239 240 240 241 241 242 242 243 243 244 244 245 245 246 246 247 247 248 248 249 249 250 250 251 251 252 252 253 253 254 254 255 255 256 256 257 257 258 258 259 259 260 260 261 261 262 262 263 263 264 264 265 265 266 266 267 267 268 268 269 269 270 270 271 271 272 272 273 273 274 274 275 275 276 276 277 277 278 278 279 279 280 280 281 281 282 282 283 283 284 284 285 285 286 286 287 287 288 288 289 289 290 290 299 299: Days, number missing 300 300: Same week 301 301: 1 week 302 302 303 303 304 304 305 305 306 306 307 307 308 308 309 309 310 310 311 311 312 312 313 313 314 314 315 315 316 316 317 317 318 318 319 319 320 320 321 321 322 322 323 323 324 324 325 325 326 326 327 327 328 328 329 329 330 330 331 331 332 332 333 333 334 334 335 335 336 336 337 337 338 338 339 339 340 340 341 341 342 342 343 343 344 344 345 345 346 346 347 347 348 348 349 349 350 350 351 351 352 352 353 353 354 354 355 355 356 356 357 357 358 358 359 359 360 360 361 361 362 362 363 363 364 364 365 365 366 366 367 367 368 368 369 369 370 370 371 371 372 372 373 373 374 374 375 375 376 376 377 377 378 378 379 379 380 380 381 381 382 382 383 383 384 384 385 385 386 386 387 387 388 388 389 389 390 390 399 399: Weeks, number missing 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Child health postpartum Variables -- TOPICS Who checked mother's health after delivery: Doctor 430. Who check on your health at that time? PROBE FOR THE MOST QUALIFIED PERSON. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F OTHER (SPECIFY) X DELPPCHKBDOC indicates whether the child's mother received a postpartum health check from a doctor after delivering the child. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child health postpartum Variables -- TOPICS Who checked mother's health after delivery: Nurse/midwife 430. Who check on your health at that time? PROBE FOR THE MOST QUALIFIED PERSON. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F OTHER (SPECIFY) X DELPPCHKBNURM indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the child's mother reported she received a health check from a nurse or midwife after delivering the child. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child health postpartum Variables -- TOPICS Who checked mother's health after delivery: Traditional birth attendant 430. Who check on your health at that time? PROBE FOR THE MOST QUALIFIED PERSON. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F OTHER (SPECIFY) X DELPPCHKBTBA indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the child's mother reported she received a health check from a traditional birth attendant (TBA) after delivering the child. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child health postpartum Variables -- TOPICS Who checked mother's health after delivery: Other 430. Who check on your health at that time? PROBE FOR THE MOST QUALIFIED PERSON. HEALTH PROFESSIONAL QUALIFIED DOCTOR A NURSE OR MIDWIFE B FAMILY WELFARE VISITOR C OTHER PERSON TRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT D UNTRAINED TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT E UNQUALIFIED DOCTOR F OTHER (SPECIFY) X DELPPCHKBOTH indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the child's mother reported she received a health check from some other person after delivering the child. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific categories included in a particular sample. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child health postpartum Variables -- TOPICS Place for respondent's postpartum health check 431. Where did this first check take place? HOME OWN HOME 01 OTHER HOME 02 PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL OR MEDICAL COLLEGE 11 FAMILY WELFARE CENTRE 12 THANA HEALTH COMPLEX 13 SATELLITE CLINIC OR EPI OUTREACH SITE 14 MATERNAL AND CHILD WELFARE CENTER (MCWC) 15 NGO SECTOR NGO STATIC CLINIC 21 NGO SATELLITE CLINIC 22 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC 31 QUALIFIED DOCTOR 32 TRADITIONAL DOCTOR 33 PHARMACY 34 OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 For last-born children under age five whose mothers received a health check after delivering the child, DELPPCHKBLOC (M53) reports where their mother's postpartum health check took place. Response categories vary across samples. See Comparability. 1000 HOME 1100 Respondent's home 1200 Nurse's home 1300 TBA's home 1900 Other home 2000 PUBLIC SECTOR 2100 Government hospital 2110 National/central hospital 2120 Provincial/regional hospital 2130 Urban hospital 2140 District/rural hospital 2141 District hospital 2142 Rural hospital 2150 University hospital 2160 Military hospital 2200 Government health center 2210 Referral health center 2220 Community health center 2230 Urban health center 2240 Rural health center 2250 Family welfare center 2260 Primary health center 2300 Government outreach 2310 Government health post 2311 Village health post 2320 Government mobile clinic 2400 Government maternal and child health (MCH) center 2500 Government pharmacy/dispensary 2900 Other public sector 2901 Health station/clinic 2902 Health office 2903 Community clinic 3000 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR 3100 Private hospital/clinic 3110 Private hospital 3111 Private university hospital 3120 Private clinic 3121 Private GP clinic 3122 Private specialist clinic 3200 Private doctor 3210 Qualified doctor 3220 Unqualified doctor 3300 Private health center 3400 Private pharmacy/dispensary 3500 Private maternity home 3600 Private mobile clinic 3900 Other private medical sector 3901 Traditional birth attendant 4000 NGO FACILITY 4100 NGO health facility 4110 Static clinic 4120 Satellite clinic 4130 Red Cross 4200 Country-specific NGOs 4201 CSI 4900 Other NGO 5000 RELIGIOUS/MISSION 5100 Religious hospital/clinic 5110 Religious hospital 5111 Religious referral/specialty hospital 5112 Religious district hospital 5200 Religious health center/dispensary 5210 Religious health center 5220 Religious dispensary 9995 Other 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Child health postpartum Variables -- TOPICS Child's mother received Vitamin A does in first 2 months after delivery 432. In the first two months after delivery, did you take a Vitamin A capsule like this? SHOW CAPSULE. YES 1 NO 2 For children born in the three to five years before the survey, PPVITA (M54) indicates whether the child's mother received a vitamin A dose in the first 2 months after delivery of the child in question. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child health postpartum Variables -- TOPICS Duration of mother's postpartum abstinence 438. For how many months after the birth of (NAME) did you not have sexual relations? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW 98 For children born in the three to five years before the survey, PPABMO (M8) indicates the duration, in months, of the mother's postpartum abstinence after the child was born. Children with mothers who were still abstaining at the time of interview were excluded from PPABMO, but they are included in the similar variable PPABMOC (M9). According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the maximum period allowed during the data editing was the interval between the date of birth of the child and the date of conception of the following child (with date of birth minus nine months used for the date of conception) or until the date of interview if there was no following birth. Cases exceeding this duration were left with the original response, but are coded with one of the flag codes on PPABFLAG (M29) and are coded as "Inconsistent" on PPABMOC. 93 Sex res/no duration 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 40 days 95 Still abstaining 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Child health postpartum Variables -- TOPICS Months of mother's postpartum abstinence (including women still abstaining) 438. For how many months after the birth of (NAME) did you not have sexual relations? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW 98 For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey, PPABMOC (M9) reports the calculated months of the child's mother's postpartum abstinence, including the duration for mothers who were still abstaining at the time of the interview. The similar variable PPABMO also reports the calculated months of postpartum abstinence but excludes women who were still abstaining when interviewed. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the maximum period allowed during the data editing was the interval between the date of birth of the child and the date of conception of the following child (with date of birth minus nine months used for the date of conception) or until the date of interview if there was no following birth. Cases exceeding this duration are coded with one of the flag codes on PPABFLAG and are coded as "Inconsistent" in PPABMOC. 60 60+ 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Child health postpartum Variables -- TOPICS Flag variable for mother's postpartum abstinence PPABFLAG (M29) is a flag variable reporting the type of problem found when editing responses about the duration of mother's postpartum abstinence (in PPABMO), for mothers who had resumed sexual relations after the child was born (in the last three to five years). A code of 0 indicates no problem with the original response. 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and succeeding birth 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 4 During pregnancy in calendar 8 Missing Child health postpartum Variables -- TOPICS Duration of mother's postpartum amenorrhea in months 435. For how many months after the birth of (NAME) did you not have your period? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW 98 For children born in the three to five years before the survey, PPAMHMO (M6) reports the duration, in months, of the mother's postpartum amenorrhea after delivery of the child. Children whose mothers' periods had not returned at the time of interview were excluded from PPAMHMO, but children whose mothers were still amenorrheic were included in calculations for the similar variable PPAMHMOC (M7). The maximum period allowed during the data editing (by the survey administrators) was the interval between the date of birth of the child and the date of conception of the following child (with birth date minus nine months used for the date of conception) or the date of interview if there was no following birth. 93 Pd. ret /no duration 71 71 70 70 69 69 68 68 67 67 66 66 65 65 64 64 63 63 62 62 99 NIU (not in universe) 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 90 Period not returned 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 83 Child health postpartum Variables -- TOPICS Months of mother's postpartum amenorrhea (including women still amenorrheic) 435. For how many months after the birth of (NAME) did you not have your period? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW 98 PPAMHMOC (M9) reports the duration, in months, of mother's postpartum amenorrhea after the birth of the child, for children born in the three to five years preceding the survey. Mothers whose period had not returned before the following birth or prior to the interview were included in PPAMHMOC. By contrast, only children of women whose menses had resumed were included in the similar variable PPAMHMO. The maximum period allowed during the data editing (by the survey administrators) was the interval between the date of birth of the child and the date of conception of the mother's following child (with birth date minus nine months used for the date of conception) or the date of interview if there was no following birth. For DHS Phase II forward, inconsistent durations based on the original reporting of the duration of amenorrhea were recoded to "Inconsistent" (code "96" in IPUMS-DHS). In cases where the duration was one month longer than the interval, the duration was shortened by one month, consistent with Phase I. For Model "A" countries in Phase II only, if the duration of mother's postpartum amenorrhea extended into her pregnancy in the calendar, the duration was shortened to the start of the following pregnancy. 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Child health postpartum Variables -- TOPICS Flag variable for mother's postpartum amenorrhea PPAMFLAG (M28) reports the type of problem, if any, found in editing data on the duration of the child's mother's postpartum amenorrhea, for children born in the three to five years before the survey. Cases with no known problem are coded 0. For discussion of the editing rules implemented (by the survey administrators) for data on postpartum amenorrhea, see PPAMHMO and PPAMHMOC, 1 No flag 2 Greater than interval between birth and succeeding birth 4 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 6 During pregnancy in calendar 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child health postpartum Variables -- TOPICS Duration of breastfeeding in months 443. For how many months did you breastfeed (NAME)? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW 98 For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey, BRSFEDUR (M4) reports the calculated months of breastfeeding for those who are no longer being breastfed. The related variable BRSFEDMO (M5) differs by including children who were still breastfeeding at the time of the interview. The variable BRSFEDCAT provides categorical information about breastfeeding, by indicating whether children were ever breastfed, and, if so, whether they are still breastfeeding. The maximum period allowed for BRSFEDUR during the data editing (by survey administrators) was the interval between the date of birth of the child and the date of interview. See the "Comparability" tab for more information regarding comparability across phases. 99 NIU (not in universe) 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 Breastfed until died 92 Ever breastfed, not currently breastfeeding 93 Not asked (child died) 94 Never breastfed 95 Still breastfeeding 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing Child's breastfeeding Variables -- TOPICS Duration of breastfeeding in months (including still breastfed) 443. For how many months did you breastfeed (NAME)? MONTHS ___ DON'T KNOW 98 For children born in the three to five years before the survey, BRSFEDMO (M5) reports the calculated months of breastfeeding, including cases where 1) the child's mother was still breastfeeding at the time of the interview or 2) the child had been breastfed until his or her death. Cases in these two categories were excluded from the related variable BRSFEDUR on the duration of breastfeeding. For DHS Phase II forward, inconsistent durations based on the original report of the duration of breastfeeding were coded as "Inconsistent." In cases where the reported duration was one month longer than the relevant interval, the duration was shortened by one month. If the duration of breastfeeding exceeded the child's age at death, the duration of breastfeeding was changed to the child's age at death. 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 92 Ever breastfed, not currently breastfeeding 93 Missing: Not asked (child died) 94 Never breastfed 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Child's breastfeeding Variables -- TOPICS Flag for breastfeeding, problem with duration For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey, BRSFDFLAG (M27) is a flag variable that indicates the type of problem, if any, found in editing responses on their duration of breastfeeding. Cases without a problem are coded 0. For duration of breastfeeding, see BRSFEDUR (M4). 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 3 Greater than interval between birth and age at death 4 During pregnancy in calendar 8 Missing Child's breastfeeding Variables -- TOPICS Time from birth until child first breastfed 440. How long after birth did you first put (NAME) to the breast? IF LESS THAN 1 HOUR, RECORD "00" HOURS. IF LESS THAN 24 HOURS, RECORD HOURS. OTHERWISE, RECORD DAYS. IMMEDIATELY 000 HOURS 1 ___ DAYS 2 ___ For children who were ever breastfed, BRSFEDST (M34) reports the length of time between the child's birth and when the child was first breastfed. Following DHS convention, intervals reported in hours are coded with a "1" in the first digit, and intervals reported in days are coded with a "2" in the first digit. 000 Immediately 100 Within 1 hour 101 1 hour 102 2 hours 103 3 hours 104 4 hours 105 5 hours 106 6 hours 107 7 hours 108 8 hours 109 9 hours 110 10 hours 111 11 hours 112 12 hours 113 13 hours 114 14 hours 115 15 hours 116 16 hours 117 17 hours 118 18 hours 119 19 hours 120 20 hours 121 21 hours 122 22 hours 123 23 hours 124 24 hours 125 25 hours 126 26 hours 127 27 hours 128 28 hours 129 29 hours 130 30 hours 131 31 hours 132 32 hours 133 33 hours 134 34 hours 135 35 hours 136 36 hours 137 37 hours 138 38 hours 139 39 hours 140 40 hours 141 41 hours 142 42 hours 143 43 hours 144 44 hours 145 45 hours 146 46 hours 147 47 hours 148 48 hours 149 49 hours 150 50 hours 160 60 hours 170 70 hours 180 80 hours 190 90 hours 200 Same day 201 1 day 202 2 days 203 3 days 204 4 days 205 5 days 206 6 days 207 7 days 208 8 days 209 9 days 210 10 days 211 11 days 212 12 days 213 13 days 214 14 days 215 15 days 216 16 days 217 17 days 218 18 days 219 19 days 220 20 days 221 21 days 222 22 days 223 23 days 224 24 days 225 25 days 226 26 days 227 27 days 228 28 days 229 29 days 230 30 days 231 31 days 232 32 days 233 33 days 234 34 days 235 35 days 236 36 days 237 37 days 238 38 days 239 39 days 240 40 days 241 41 days 242 42 days 243 43 days 244 44 days 245 45 days 246 46 days 247 47 days 248 48 days 249 49 days 250 50 days 251 51 days 252 52 days 253 53 days 254 54 days 255 55 days 256 56 days 257 57 days 258 58 days 259 59 days 260 60 days 261 61 days 262 62 days 263 63 days 264 64 days 265 65 days 266 66 days 267 67 days 268 68 days 269 69 days 270 70 days 271 71 days 272 72 days 273 73 days 274 74 days 275 75 days 276 76 days 277 77 days 278 78 days 279 79 days 280 80 days 281 81 days 282 82 days 283 83 days 284 84 days 285 85 days 286 86 days 287 87 days 288 88 days 289 89 days 290 90 days 291 91 days 292 92 days 293 93 days 294 94 days 295 95 days 296 96 days 297 97 days 298 98 days 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Child's breastfeeding Variables -- TOPICS Times child breastfed during previous night 445. How many times did you breastfeed last night between sunset and sunrise? IF ANSWER IS NOT NUMERIC, PROBE FOR APPROXIMATE NUMBER. NUMBER OF NIGHTTIME FEEDINGS ___ For children born in the three to five years before the survey who are still breastfed, BRSFEDNITE (M35) reports how many times the child was breastfed the previous night between sunset and sunrise. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 96 On demand 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Child's breastfeeding Variables -- TOPICS Times child breastfed during previous day 446. How many times did you breastfeed yesterday during the daylight hours? IF ANSWER IS NOT NUMERIC, PROBE FOR APPROXIMATE NUMBER. NUMBER OF DAYTIME FEEDINGS ____ For children born in the three to five years before the survey and who are still breastfeeding, BRSFEDAY (M36) reports how many times the child was breastfed the previous day during daylight hours. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 96 On demand 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Child's breastfeeding Variables -- TOPICS Child drank from bottle with nipple in last day or night 447. Did (NAME) drink anything from a bottle with a nipple yesterday or last night? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 For living children born in the three to five years preceding the survey, BRSFEDBOT (M38) indicates whether the child drank anything from a bottle with a nipple during the previous day and night. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child feeding, general Variables -- TOPICS Child fed plain water in past 24 hours 448. At any time yesterday or last night was (NAME) given any of the following: Plain water? YES 1 NO 2 Sugar water or honey or juice? YES 1 NO 2 Baby or infant formula? YES 1 NO 2 Cow's or goat's milk? YES 1 NO 2 Other liquids? YES 1 NO 2 Banana or papaya or mango? YES 1 NO 2 Green leafy vegetables? YES 1 NO 2 Rice, wheat or porridge? YES 1 NO 2 Meat or fish or eggs? YES 1 NO 2 Dai? YES 1 NO 2 Other (specify)? YES 1 NO 2 450. GO BACK TO 405 IN NEXT COLUMN; OR, IF NO MORE BIRTHS, GO TO 451. FEDWATER24H (M37A) indicates whether the child drank plain water during the previous day, either at night or during the daytime. This variable is a characteristic of the child. The related variable MAFEDWATER24H (V409) indicates whether the child's mother gave her youngest surviving child water during the previous day. The related variable FEDWATER24HX reports the number of times the child drank plain water in the previous 24 hours. FEDWATERWKD (M40A) reports the number of days the child drank plain water during the past week. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Foods fed child in past 24 hours Variables -- TOPICS Child fed juice in past 24 hours 448. At any time yesterday or last night was (NAME) given any of the following: Plain water? YES 1 NO 2 Sugar water or honey or juice? YES 1 NO 2 Baby or infant formula? YES 1 NO 2 Cow's or goat's milk? YES 1 NO 2 Other liquids? YES 1 NO 2 Banana or papaya or mango? YES 1 NO 2 Green leafy vegetables? YES 1 NO 2 Rice, wheat or porridge? YES 1 NO 2 Meat or fish or eggs? YES 1 NO 2 Dai? YES 1 NO 2 Other (specify)? YES 1 NO 2 450. GO BACK TO 405 IN NEXT COLUMN; OR, IF NO MORE BIRTHS, GO TO 451. FEDJUICE24H (M37C) indicates whether the child drank juice during the previous day, either at night or during the daytime. This variable is a characteristic of the child. The related variable MAFEDJUICE24H (V410) indicates whether the child's mother gave her youngest surviving child juice during the previous day. The related variable FEDJUICE24HX reports the number of times the child drank juice in the previous 24 hours. FEDJUICEWKD (M40C) reports the number of days the child drank juice during the past week. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Foods fed child in past 24 hours Variables -- TOPICS Child fed baby formula in past 24 hours 448. At any time yesterday or last night was (NAME) given any of the following: Plain water? YES 1 NO 2 Sugar water or honey or juice? YES 1 NO 2 Baby or infant formula? YES 1 NO 2 Cow's or goat's milk? YES 1 NO 2 Other liquids? YES 1 NO 2 Banana or papaya or mango? YES 1 NO 2 Green leafy vegetables? YES 1 NO 2 Rice, wheat or porridge? YES 1 NO 2 Meat or fish or eggs? YES 1 NO 2 Dai? YES 1 NO 2 Other (specify)? YES 1 NO 2 450. GO BACK TO 405 IN NEXT COLUMN; OR, IF NO MORE BIRTHS, GO TO 451. FEDFORM24H (M37F) indicates whether the child drank infant formula during the previous day, either at night or during the daytime. This variable is a characteristic of the child. The related variable MAFEDFORM24H (V411A) indicates whether the child's mother gave her youngest surviving child infant formula during the previous day. The related variable FEDFORM24HX reports the number of times the child drank infant formula in the previous 24 hours. FEDFORMWKD (M40F) reports the number of days the child drank infant formula during the past week. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Foods fed child in past 24 hours Variables -- TOPICS Child fed fresh milk in past 24 hours 448. At any time yesterday or last night was (NAME) given any of the following: Plain water? YES 1 NO 2 Sugar water or honey or juice? YES 1 NO 2 Baby or infant formula? YES 1 NO 2 Cow's or goat's milk? YES 1 NO 2 Other liquids? YES 1 NO 2 Banana or papaya or mango? YES 1 NO 2 Green leafy vegetables? YES 1 NO 2 Rice, wheat or porridge? YES 1 NO 2 Meat or fish or eggs? YES 1 NO 2 Dai? YES 1 NO 2 Other (specify)? YES 1 NO 2 450. GO BACK TO 405 IN NEXT COLUMN; OR, IF NO MORE BIRTHS, GO TO 451. FEDFRMILK24H (M37G) indicates whether the child drank fresh animal milk during the previous day, either at night or during the daytime. This variable is a characteristic of the child. The complementary variable FEDTINMILK24H (M37E) indicates whether the child drank tinned or powdered milk during the previous day. The complementary variable FEDGENMILK24H indicates whether the child drank any milk, such as tinned, powdered, or fresh animal milk, during the previous day. The related variable MAFEDFRMILK24H (V412) indicates whether the child's mother gave her youngest surviving child fresh animal milk during the previous day. The related variable FEDFRMILK24HX reports the number of times the child drank fresh animal milk in the previous 24 hours. FEDFRMILKWKD (M40G) reports the number of days the child drank fresh animal milk during the past week. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Foods fed child in past 24 hours Variables -- TOPICS Child fed other liquid in past 24 hours 448. At any time yesterday or last night was (NAME) given any of the following: Plain water? YES 1 NO 2 Sugar water or honey or juice? YES 1 NO 2 Baby or infant formula? YES 1 NO 2 Cow's or goat's milk? YES 1 NO 2 Other liquids? YES 1 NO 2 Banana or papaya or mango? YES 1 NO 2 Green leafy vegetables? YES 1 NO 2 Rice, wheat or porridge? YES 1 NO 2 Meat or fish or eggs? YES 1 NO 2 Dai? YES 1 NO 2 Other (specify)? YES 1 NO 2 450. GO BACK TO 405 IN NEXT COLUMN; OR, IF NO MORE BIRTHS, GO TO 451. FEDOTHLIQ24H (M37L) indicates whether the child drank other liquids during the previous day, either at night or during the daytime. This variable is a characteristic of the child. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific categories included in a particular sample. The related variable MAFEDOTHLIQ24H (V413) indicates whether the child's mother gave her youngest surviving child other liquids during the previous day. The related variable FEDOTHLIQ24HX reports the number of times the child drank other liquids in the previous 24 hours. FEDOTHLIQWKD (M40L) reports the number of days the child drank other liquids during the past week. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Foods fed child in past 24 hours Variables -- TOPICS Child fed grain in past 24 hours 448. At any time yesterday or last night was (NAME) given any of the following: Plain water? YES 1 NO 2 Sugar water or honey or juice? YES 1 NO 2 Baby or infant formula? YES 1 NO 2 Cow's or goat's milk? YES 1 NO 2 Other liquids? YES 1 NO 2 Banana or papaya or mango? YES 1 NO 2 Green leafy vegetables? YES 1 NO 2 Rice, wheat or porridge? YES 1 NO 2 Meat or fish or eggs? YES 1 NO 2 Dai? YES 1 NO 2 Other (specify)? YES 1 NO 2 450. GO BACK TO 405 IN NEXT COLUMN; OR, IF NO MORE BIRTHS, GO TO 451. FEDGRAIN24H (M37Q) indicates whether the child ate any food made from grain, such as millet, sorghum, maize, rice, wheat, or other local grains, during the previous day, either at night or during the daytime. This variable is a characteristic of the child. The related variable MAFEDGRAIN24H (V414E) indicates whether the child's mother gave her youngest surviving child any food made from grain during the previous day. The related variable FEDGRAIN24HX reports the number of times the child ate any food made from grain in the previous 24 hours. FEDGRAINWKD (M40Q) reports the number of days the child ate any food made from grain during the past week. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Foods fed child in past 24 hours Variables -- TOPICS Child fed green leafy vegetables in past 24 hours 448. At any time yesterday or last night was (NAME) given any of the following: Plain water? YES 1 NO 2 Sugar water or honey or juice? YES 1 NO 2 Baby or infant formula? YES 1 NO 2 Cow's or goat's milk? YES 1 NO 2 Other liquids? YES 1 NO 2 Banana or papaya or mango? YES 1 NO 2 Green leafy vegetables? YES 1 NO 2 Rice, wheat or porridge? YES 1 NO 2 Meat or fish or eggs? YES 1 NO 2 Dai? YES 1 NO 2 Other (specify)? YES 1 NO 2 450. GO BACK TO 405 IN NEXT COLUMN; OR, IF NO MORE BIRTHS, GO TO 451. FEDGRNVEG24H (M37N) indicates whether the child ate any dark green, leafy vegetables during the previous day, either at night or during the daytime. Dark green leafy vegetables are a source of multiple nutrients, including vitamins C and K, iron and calcium, and beta-carotene, which can be converted into vitamin A. FEDGRNVEG24H is a characteristic of the child. The related variable MAFEDGRNVEG24H (V414J) indicates whether the child's mother gave her youngest surviving child any dark green, leafy vegetables during the previous day. The related variable FEDGRNVEG24HX reports the number of times the child ate any dark green, leafy vegetables in the previous 24 hours. FEDGRNVEGWKD (M40N) reports the number of days the child ate any dark green, leafy vegetables during the past week. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Foods fed child in past 24 hours Variables -- TOPICS Child fed fruits with vitamin A in past 24 hours 448. At any time yesterday or last night was (NAME) given any of the following: Plain water? YES 1 NO 2 Sugar water or honey or juice? YES 1 NO 2 Baby or infant formula? YES 1 NO 2 Cow's or goat's milk? YES 1 NO 2 Other liquids? YES 1 NO 2 Banana or papaya or mango? YES 1 NO 2 Green leafy vegetables? YES 1 NO 2 Rice, wheat or porridge? YES 1 NO 2 Meat or fish or eggs? YES 1 NO 2 Dai? YES 1 NO 2 Other (specify)? YES 1 NO 2 450. GO BACK TO 405 IN NEXT COLUMN; OR, IF NO MORE BIRTHS, GO TO 451. FEDVITAFRUIT24H (M37O) indicates whether the child ate fruits rich in vitamin A, such as ripe mangoes or papayas, during the previous day, either at night or during the daytime. This variable is a characteristic of the child. The related variable MAFEDVITAFRUIT24H (V414K) indicates whether the child's mother gave her youngest surviving child fruits rich in vitamin A during the previous day. The related variable FEDVITAFRUIT24HX reports the number of times the child ate fruits rich in vitamin A in the previous 24 hours. FEDVITAFRUITWKD (M40O) reports the number of days the child ate fruits rich in vitamin A during the past week. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Foods fed child in past 24 hours Variables -- TOPICS Child fed meat, poultry, eggs, or fish in past 24 hours 448. At any time yesterday or last night was (NAME) given any of the following: Plain water? YES 1 NO 2 Sugar water or honey or juice? YES 1 NO 2 Baby or infant formula? YES 1 NO 2 Cow's or goat's milk? YES 1 NO 2 Other liquids? YES 1 NO 2 Banana or papaya or mango? YES 1 NO 2 Green leafy vegetables? YES 1 NO 2 Rice, wheat or porridge? YES 1 NO 2 Meat or fish or eggs? YES 1 NO 2 Dai? YES 1 NO 2 Other (specify)? YES 1 NO 2 450. GO BACK TO 405 IN NEXT COLUMN; OR, IF NO MORE BIRTHS, GO TO 451. FEDPROTEIN24H (M37V) indicates whether the child ate meat, poultry, fish, shellfish, or eggs during the previous day, either at night or during the daytime. This variable is a characteristic of the child. The related variable MAFEDPROTEIN24H indicates whether the child's mother gave her youngest surviving child meat, poultry, fish, shellfish, or eggs during the previous day. The related variable FEDPROTEIN24HX reports the number of times the child ate meat, poultry, fish, shellfish, or eggs in the previous 24 hours. FEDPROTEINWKD (M40V) reports the number of days the child ate meat, poultry, fish, shellfish, or eggs during the past week. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Foods fed child in past 24 hours Variables -- TOPICS Child fed other solid, semi-solid, or soft food in past 24 hours 448. At any time yesterday or last night was (NAME) given any of the following: Plain water? YES 1 NO 2 Sugar water or honey or juice? YES 1 NO 2 Baby or infant formula? YES 1 NO 2 Cow's or goat's milk? YES 1 NO 2 Other liquids? YES 1 NO 2 Banana or papaya or mango? YES 1 NO 2 Green leafy vegetables? YES 1 NO 2 Rice, wheat or porridge? YES 1 NO 2 Meat or fish or eggs? YES 1 NO 2 Dai? YES 1 NO 2 Other (specify)? YES 1 NO 2 450. GO BACK TO 405 IN NEXT COLUMN; OR, IF NO MORE BIRTHS, GO TO 451. FEDOTHER24H (M37P) indicates whether the child ate some other solid or semi-solid food during the previous day, either at night or during the daytime. This variable is a characteristic of the child. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific categories of food included in a particular sample. The related variable MAFEDOTHER24H (V414S) indicates whether the child's mother gave her youngest surviving child any other solid or semi-solid food during the previous day. The related variable FEDOTHER24HX reports the number of times the child ate any other solid or semi-solid food in the previous 24 hours. FEDOTHERWKD (M40P) reports the number of days the child ate any other solid or semi-solid food during the past week. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Foods fed child in past 24 hours Variables -- TOPICS Child had cough/difficult breathing recently 465. In the last 2 weeks, did (NAME) had: Cough? YES 1 NO 2 Rapid breathing? YES 1 NO 2 Difficulty in breathing? YES 1 NO 2 Chest in drawing? YES 1 NO 2 Fever? YES 1 NO 2 For surviving children under age 5, COURECENT (H31) indicates whether the child experienced a cough in the past 2 weeks. Question wording differences may limit the comparability of COURECENT; see Comparability. 10 No 20 Yes 21 Yes, past four weeks/month 22 Yes, last 24 hours 23 Yes, last 2 to 14 days 24 Yes, last two weeks 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Child respiratory illness or fever Variables -- TOPICS Child breathed with short, rapid breaths when had cough 465. In the last 2 weeks, did (NAME) had: Cough? YES 1 NO 2 Rapid breathing? YES 1 NO 2 Difficulty in breathing? YES 1 NO 2 Chest in drawing? YES 1 NO 2 Fever? YES 1 NO 2 COUSHORTBRE (H31B) indicates whether the child experienced fast, short, rapid breaths or difficulty breathing in the last 2 weeks. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child respiratory illness or fever Variables -- TOPICS Child experienced chest in-drawing 465. In the last 2 weeks, did (NAME) had: Cough? YES 1 NO 2 Rapid breathing? YES 1 NO 2 Difficulty in breathing? YES 1 NO 2 Chest in drawing? YES 1 NO 2 Fever? YES 1 NO 2 CHESTINDRAW indicates whether the child experienced chest in-drawing, a sign of pneumonia. Chest in-drawing refers to an inward movement of the lower chest wall during breathing, which occurs during respiratory distress. CHESTINDRAW has no comparability problems. Comparability - Standard DHS CHESTINDRAW is a country-specific variable, and it is not included in any phase of the standard DHS questionnaire. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child respiratory illness or fever Variables -- TOPICS Child had fever in last two/four weeks 465. In the last 2 weeks, did (NAME) had: Cough? YES 1 NO 2 Rapid breathing? YES 1 NO 2 Difficulty in breathing? YES 1 NO 2 Chest in drawing? YES 1 NO 2 Fever? YES 1 NO 2 For surviving children born in the three to five years preceding the survey, FEVRECENT (H22) indicates whether the child had a fever in recent weeks (most often in the previous two weeks). See Comparability. 10 No 20 Yes, fever 21 Yes, fever in last 2 weeks 22 Yes, fever in last 4 weeks 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Child respiratory illness or fever Variables -- TOPICS Child taken to medical facility for fever/cough treatment 467. Did you seek advice or treatment for (NAME) for the illness? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 472) For young children with a fever and/or cough in the past 2 weeks, FEVTREMEDFAC (H32Z) indicates whether they were taken to a medical facility for treatment for this illness. According to the standard DHS recode manuals, a treatment source was considered a medical facility if it fell under the Public Sector or Medical Private Sector headers, except for Pharmacy. 0 Did not receive any treatment 1 Received treatment 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child respiratory illness, treatment Variables -- TOPICS Whether no treatment or advice sought for child's fever/cough 467. Did you seek advice or treatment for (NAME) for the illness? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 472) For young children with a fever and/or cough in the past 2 weeks, FEVTRENONE (H32Y) indicates whether no treatment or advice was sought for this illness. This variable is constructed based on the responses to the standard DHS variables H32A-H32X. 0 No, received treatment 1 Yes, no treatment or advice sought 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child respiratory illness, treatment Variables -- TOPICS Source of fever/cough treatment: Public hospital 468. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL OR MEDICAL COLLEGE A FAMILY WELFARE CENTRE OR FWV B THANA HEALTH COMPLEX C SATELLITE CLINIC OR EPI OUTREACH SITE D MATERNAL AND CHILD WELFARE CENTER (MCWC) E GOVERNMENT FIELD WORKER (FWA) F NGO SECTOR NGO STATIC CLINIC G NGO SATELLITE CLINIC H NGO FIELDWORKER I PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC J QUALIFIED DOCTOR K TRADITIONAL DOCTOR L PHARMACY M OTHER (SPECIFY) X For young children with a fever or cough in the past 2 weeks, FEVTRPUBHOS (H32A) indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment at a public hospital for this illness. Some samples in the "FEVTR" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, such as FEVTRPUBHOS, while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of public hospitals that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in this variable. A few samples ask separately about treatment given for fever and treatment given for cough. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in composite coding. A first digit of 1 indicates the child received treatment from a given source, and the second digit indicates the child's illness. A code of "11" indicates the child received treatment for a fever; a code of "12" indicates the child received treatment for a cough; a code of "13" indicates the child received treatment for a fever or a cough; a code of "14" indicates the child received treatment for both a fever and a cough; a code of "15" indicates the child received treatment for a cough and convulsions; a code of "16" indicates the child received treatment for convulsions; and a code of "17" indicates the child received treatment for a fever or rapid/difficult breathing. See Comparability for more information. 00 No 10 Yes, sought treatment at public hospital 11 Sought treatment for fever 12 Sought treatment for cough 13 Sought treatment for fever or cough 14 Sought treatment for fever and cough 15 Sought treatment for cough and convulsions 16 Sought treatment for convulsions 17 Sought treatment for fever or rapid/difficult breathing 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Source for respiratory treatment, general Variables -- TOPICS Source of fever/cough treatment: Public health center 468. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL OR MEDICAL COLLEGE A FAMILY WELFARE CENTRE OR FWV B THANA HEALTH COMPLEX C SATELLITE CLINIC OR EPI OUTREACH SITE D MATERNAL AND CHILD WELFARE CENTER (MCWC) E GOVERNMENT FIELD WORKER (FWA) F NGO SECTOR NGO STATIC CLINIC G NGO SATELLITE CLINIC H NGO FIELDWORKER I PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC J QUALIFIED DOCTOR K TRADITIONAL DOCTOR L PHARMACY M OTHER (SPECIFY) X ***** 468. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL OR MEDICAL COLLEGE A FAMILY WELFARE CENTRE OR FWV B THANA HEALTH COMPLEX C SATELLITE CLINIC OR EPI OUTREACH SITE D MATERNAL AND CHILD WELFARE CENTER (MCWC) E GOVERNMENT FIELD WORKER (FWA) F NGO SECTOR NGO STATIC CLINIC G NGO SATELLITE CLINIC H NGO FIELDWORKER I PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC J QUALIFIED DOCTOR K TRADITIONAL DOCTOR L PHARMACY M OTHER (SPECIFY) X For young children with a fever or cough in the past 2 weeks, FEVTRPUBHC (H32B) indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment at a public health center for this illness. Some samples in the "FEVTR" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, such as FEVTRPUBHC, while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of public health centers that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in this variable. A few samples ask separately about treatment given for fever and treatment given for cough. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in composite coding. A first digit of 1 indicates the child received treatment from a given source, and the second digit indicates the child's illness. A code of "11" indicates the child received treatment for a fever; a code of "12" indicates the child received treatment for a cough; a code of "13" indicates the child received treatment for a fever or a cough; a code of "14" indicates the child received treatment for both a fever and a cough; a code of "15" indicates the child received treatment for a cough and convulsions; a code of "16" indicates the child received treatment for convulsions; and a code of "17" indicates the child received treatment for a fever or rapid/difficult breathing. See Comparability for more information. 00 No 10 Yes, sought treatment at public health center 11 Sought treatment for fever 12 Sought treatment for cough 13 Sought treatment for fever or cough 14 Sought treatment for fever and cough 15 Sought treatment for cough and convulsions 16 Sought treatment for convulsions 17 Sought treatment for fever or rapid/difficult breathing 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Source for respiratory treatment, general Variables -- TOPICS Source of fever/cough treatment: Public fieldworker 468. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL OR MEDICAL COLLEGE A FAMILY WELFARE CENTRE OR FWV B THANA HEALTH COMPLEX C SATELLITE CLINIC OR EPI OUTREACH SITE D MATERNAL AND CHILD WELFARE CENTER (MCWC) E GOVERNMENT FIELD WORKER (FWA) F NGO SECTOR NGO STATIC CLINIC G NGO SATELLITE CLINIC H NGO FIELDWORKER I PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC J QUALIFIED DOCTOR K TRADITIONAL DOCTOR L PHARMACY M OTHER (SPECIFY) X For young children with a fever or cough in the past 2 weeks, FEVTRPUBFW (H32E) indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment from a public community health worker for this illness. Some samples in the "FEVTR" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, such as FEVTRPUBFW, while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of public field workers that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in this variable. A few samples ask separately about treatment given for fever and treatment given for cough. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in composite coding. A first digit of 1 indicates the child received treatment from a given source, and the second digit indicates the child's illness. A code of "11" indicates the child received treatment for a fever; a code of "12" indicates the child received treatment for a cough; a code of "13" indicates the child received treatment for a fever or a cough; a code of "14" indicates the child received treatment for both a fever and a cough; a code of "15" indicates the child received treatment for a cough and convulsions; a code of "16" indicates the child received treatment for convulsions; and a code of "17" indicates the child received treatment for a fever or rapid/difficult breathing. See Comparability for more information. IPUMS-DHS users should be careful to distinguish FEVTRPUBFW from FEVTRPRIVFW (private community health worker). 00 No 10 Yes, sought treatment from public fieldworker 11 Sought treatment for fever 12 Sought treatment for cough 13 Sought treatment for fever or cough 14 Sought treatment for fever and cough 15 Sought treatment for cough and convulsions 16 Sought treatment for convulsions 17 Sought treatment for fever or rapid/difficult breathing 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Source for respiratory treatment, general Variables -- TOPICS Source of fever/cough treatment: Private hospital/clinic 468. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL OR MEDICAL COLLEGE A FAMILY WELFARE CENTRE OR FWV B THANA HEALTH COMPLEX C SATELLITE CLINIC OR EPI OUTREACH SITE D MATERNAL AND CHILD WELFARE CENTER (MCWC) E GOVERNMENT FIELD WORKER (FWA) F NGO SECTOR NGO STATIC CLINIC G NGO SATELLITE CLINIC H NGO FIELDWORKER I PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC J QUALIFIED DOCTOR K TRADITIONAL DOCTOR L PHARMACY M OTHER (SPECIFY) X For young children with a fever or cough in the past 2 weeks, FEVTRPRIVHOS (H32J) indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment at a private hospital or clinic for this illness. Some samples in the "FEVTR" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, such as FEVTRPRIVHOS, while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. Additionally, a few samples ask separately about treatment given for fever and treatment given for cough. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in composite coding. A first digit of 1 indicates the child received treatment from a given source, and the second digit indicates the child's illness. A code of "11" indicates the child received treatment for a fever; a code of "12" indicates the child received treatment for a cough; a code of "13" indicates the child received treatment for a fever or a cough; a code of "14" indicates the child received treatment for both a fever and a cough; a code of "15" indicates the child received treatment for a cough and convulsions; a code of "16" indicates the child received treatment for convulsions; and a code of "17" indicates the child received treatment for a fever or rapid/difficult breathing. See Comparability for more information. 00 No 10 Yes, sought treatment at private hospital/clinic 11 Sought treatment for fever 12 Sought treatment for cough 13 Sought treatment for fever or cough 14 Sought treatment for fever and cough 15 Sought treatment for cough and convulsions 16 Sought treatment for convulsions 17 Sought treatment for fever or rapid/difficult breathing 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Source for respiratory treatment, general Variables -- TOPICS Source of fever/cough treatment: Private pharmacy, drug store, or dispensary 468. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL OR MEDICAL COLLEGE A FAMILY WELFARE CENTRE OR FWV B THANA HEALTH COMPLEX C SATELLITE CLINIC OR EPI OUTREACH SITE D MATERNAL AND CHILD WELFARE CENTER (MCWC) E GOVERNMENT FIELD WORKER (FWA) F NGO SECTOR NGO STATIC CLINIC G NGO SATELLITE CLINIC H NGO FIELDWORKER I PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC J QUALIFIED DOCTOR K TRADITIONAL DOCTOR L PHARMACY M OTHER (SPECIFY) X For young children with a fever or cough in the past 2 weeks, FEVTRPRIVDRUG (H32K) indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment at a private pharmacy, dispensary, or drug store for this illness. Some samples in the "FEVTR" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, such as FEVTRPRIVDRUG, while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of private, formal drug sources that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in this variable. Additionally, a few samples ask separately about treatment given for fever and treatment given for cough. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in composite coding. A first digit of 1 indicates the child received treatment from a given source, and the second digit indicates the child's illness. A code of "11" indicates the child received treatment for a fever; a code of "12" indicates the child received treatment for a cough; a code of "13" indicates the child received treatment for a fever or a cough; a code of "14" indicates the child received treatment for both a fever and a cough; a code of "15" indicates the child received treatment for a cough and convulsions; a code of "16" indicates the child received treatment for convulsions; and a code of "17" indicates the child received treatment for a fever or rapid/difficult breathing. See Comparability for more information. 16 Sought treatment for convulsions 00 No 10 Yes, sought treatment at private pharmacy, drug store, or dispensary 11 Sought treatment for fever 12 Sought treatment for cough 13 Sought treatment for fever or cough 14 Sought treatment for fever and cough 15 Sought treatment for cough and convulsions 17 Sought treatment for fever or rapid/difficult breathing 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Source for respiratory treatment, general Variables -- TOPICS Source of fever/cough treatment: Private doctor 468. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL OR MEDICAL COLLEGE A FAMILY WELFARE CENTRE OR FWV B THANA HEALTH COMPLEX C SATELLITE CLINIC OR EPI OUTREACH SITE D MATERNAL AND CHILD WELFARE CENTER (MCWC) E GOVERNMENT FIELD WORKER (FWA) F NGO SECTOR NGO STATIC CLINIC G NGO SATELLITE CLINIC H NGO FIELDWORKER I PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC J QUALIFIED DOCTOR K TRADITIONAL DOCTOR L PHARMACY M OTHER (SPECIFY) X For young children with a fever or cough in the past 2 weeks, FEVTRPRIVDR (H32L) indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment from a private doctor for this illness. A few samples ask separately about treatment given for fever and treatment given for cough. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in composite coding. A first digit of 1 indicates the child received treatment from a given source, and the second digit indicates the child's illness. A code of "11" indicates the child received treatment for a fever; a code of "12" indicates the child received treatment for a cough; a code of "13" indicates the child received treatment for a fever or a cough; a code of "14" indicates the child received treatment for both a fever and a cough; a code of "15" indicates the child received treatment for a cough and convulsions; a code of "16" indicates the child received treatment for convulsions; a code of "17" indicates the child received treatment for a fever or rapid/difficult breathing. See Comparability for more information. 00 No 10 Yes, sought treatment from private doctor 11 Sought treatment for fever 12 Sought treatment for cough 13 Sought treatment for fever or cough 14 Sought treatment for fever and cough 15 Sought treatment for cough and convulsions 16 Sought treatment for convulsions 17 Sought treatment for fever or rapid/difficult breathing 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Source for respiratory treatment, general Variables -- TOPICS Source of fever/cough treatment: Traditional healer/practitioner 468. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL OR MEDICAL COLLEGE A FAMILY WELFARE CENTRE OR FWV B THANA HEALTH COMPLEX C SATELLITE CLINIC OR EPI OUTREACH SITE D MATERNAL AND CHILD WELFARE CENTER (MCWC) E GOVERNMENT FIELD WORKER (FWA) F NGO SECTOR NGO STATIC CLINIC G NGO SATELLITE CLINIC H NGO FIELDWORKER I PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC J QUALIFIED DOCTOR K TRADITIONAL DOCTOR L PHARMACY M OTHER (SPECIFY) X ***** 468. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL OR MEDICAL COLLEGE A FAMILY WELFARE CENTRE OR FWV B THANA HEALTH COMPLEX C SATELLITE CLINIC OR EPI OUTREACH SITE D MATERNAL AND CHILD WELFARE CENTER (MCWC) E GOVERNMENT FIELD WORKER (FWA) F NGO SECTOR NGO STATIC CLINIC G NGO SATELLITE CLINIC H NGO FIELDWORKER I PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC J QUALIFIED DOCTOR K TRADITIONAL DOCTOR L PHARMACY M OTHER (SPECIFY) X For young children with a fever or cough in the past 2 weeks, FEVTRPRIVHL (H32T) indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment from a traditional healer or practitioner for this illness. Some samples in the "FEVTR" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, such as FEVTRPRIVHL, while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. A few samples ask separately about treatment given for fever and treatment given for cough. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in composite coding. A first digit of 1 indicates the child received treatment from a given source, and the second digit indicates the child's illness. A code of "11" indicates the child received treatment for a fever; a code of "12" indicates the child received treatment for a cough; a code of "13" indicates the child received treatment for a fever or a cough; a code of "14" indicates the child received treatment for both a fever and a cough; a code of "15" indicates the child received treatment for a cough and convulsions; a code of "16" indicates the child received treatment for convulsions; and a code of "17" indicates the child received treatment for a fever or rapid/difficult breathing. See Comparability for more information. 00 No 10 Yes, sought treatment from traditional healer/practitioner 11 Sought treatment for fever 12 Sought treatment for cough 13 Sought treatment for fever or cough 14 Sought treatment for fever and cough 15 Sought treatment for cough and convulsions 16 Sought treatment for convulsions 17 Sought treatment for fever or rapid/difficult breathing 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Source for respiratory treatment, general Variables -- TOPICS Source of fever/cough treatment: Non-governmental organization (NGO) 468. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL OR MEDICAL COLLEGE A FAMILY WELFARE CENTRE OR FWV B THANA HEALTH COMPLEX C SATELLITE CLINIC OR EPI OUTREACH SITE D MATERNAL AND CHILD WELFARE CENTER (MCWC) E GOVERNMENT FIELD WORKER (FWA) F NGO SECTOR NGO STATIC CLINIC G NGO SATELLITE CLINIC H NGO FIELDWORKER I PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC J QUALIFIED DOCTOR K TRADITIONAL DOCTOR L PHARMACY M OTHER (SPECIFY) X ***** 468. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL OR MEDICAL COLLEGE A FAMILY WELFARE CENTRE OR FWV B THANA HEALTH COMPLEX C SATELLITE CLINIC OR EPI OUTREACH SITE D MATERNAL AND CHILD WELFARE CENTER (MCWC) E GOVERNMENT FIELD WORKER (FWA) F NGO SECTOR NGO STATIC CLINIC G NGO SATELLITE CLINIC H NGO FIELDWORKER I PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC J QUALIFIED DOCTOR K TRADITIONAL DOCTOR L PHARMACY M OTHER (SPECIFY) X ***** 468. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL OR MEDICAL COLLEGE A FAMILY WELFARE CENTRE OR FWV B THANA HEALTH COMPLEX C SATELLITE CLINIC OR EPI OUTREACH SITE D MATERNAL AND CHILD WELFARE CENTER (MCWC) E GOVERNMENT FIELD WORKER (FWA) F NGO SECTOR NGO STATIC CLINIC G NGO SATELLITE CLINIC H NGO FIELDWORKER I PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC J QUALIFIED DOCTOR K TRADITIONAL DOCTOR L PHARMACY M OTHER (SPECIFY) X For young children with a fever or cough in the past 2 weeks, FEVTRNGO indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment from some non-governmental organization (NGO) for this illness. Some samples in the "FEVTR" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, such as FEVTRNGO, while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of NGOs that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in this variable. Additionally, a few samples ask separately about treatment given for fever and treatment given for cough. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in composite coding. A first digit of 1 indicates the child received treatment from a given source, and the second digit indicates the child's illness. A code of "11" indicates the child received treatment for a fever; a code of "12" indicates the child received treatment for a cough; a code of "13" indicates the child received treatment for a fever or a cough; a code of "14" indicates the child received treatment for both a fever and a cough; a code of "15" indicates the child received treatment for a cough and convulsions; a code of "16" indicates the child received treatment for convulsions; a code of "17" indicates the child received treatment for a fever or rapid/difficult breathing. See Comparability for more information. 00 No 10 Yes, sought treatment at NGO 11 Sought treatment for fever 12 Sought treatment for cough 13 Sought treatment for fever or cough 14 Sought treatment for fever and cough 15 Sought treatment for cough and convulsions 16 Sought treatment for convulsions 17 Sought treatment for fever or rapid/difficult breathing 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Source for respiratory treatment, general Variables -- TOPICS Source of fever/cough treatment: Other 468. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL OR MEDICAL COLLEGE A FAMILY WELFARE CENTRE OR FWV B THANA HEALTH COMPLEX C SATELLITE CLINIC OR EPI OUTREACH SITE D MATERNAL AND CHILD WELFARE CENTER (MCWC) E GOVERNMENT FIELD WORKER (FWA) F NGO SECTOR NGO STATIC CLINIC G NGO SATELLITE CLINIC H NGO FIELDWORKER I PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC J QUALIFIED DOCTOR K TRADITIONAL DOCTOR L PHARMACY M OTHER (SPECIFY) X For young children with a fever or cough in the past 2 weeks, FEVTROTH (H32X) indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment at some "other" source for this illness. The meaning of "other" varies depending on the specific categories included in a given sample. A few samples ask separately about treatment given for fever and treatment given for cough. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in composite coding. A first digit of 1 indicates the child received treatment from a given source, and the second digit indicates the child's illness. A code of "11" indicates the child received treatment for a fever; a code of "12" indicates the child received treatment for a cough; a code of "13" indicates the child received treatment for a fever or a cough; a code of "14" indicates the child received treatment for both a fever and a cough; a code of "15" indicates the child received treatment for a cough and convulsions; a code of "16" indicates the child received treatment for convulsions; code of "17" indicates the child received treatment for a fever or rapid/difficult breathing. See Comparability for more information. IPUMS-DHS users should be careful to distinguish FEVTROTH from FEVTRPRIVOTH ("other" under the private medical sector) and FEVTRPUBOTH ("other" under the public sector). 00 No 10 Yes, sought treatment at other source 11 Sought treatment for fever 12 Sought treatment for cough 13 Sought treatment for fever or cough 14 Sought treatment for fever and cough 15 Sought treatment for cough and convulsions 16 Sought treatment for convulsions 17 Sought treatment for fever or rapid/difficult breathing 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Source for respiratory treatment, general Variables -- TOPICS Source of fever/cough treatment: NGO static clinic (Bangladesh) 468. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL OR MEDICAL COLLEGE A FAMILY WELFARE CENTRE OR FWV B THANA HEALTH COMPLEX C SATELLITE CLINIC OR EPI OUTREACH SITE D MATERNAL AND CHILD WELFARE CENTER (MCWC) E GOVERNMENT FIELD WORKER (FWA) F NGO SECTOR NGO STATIC CLINIC G NGO SATELLITE CLINIC H NGO FIELDWORKER I PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC J QUALIFIED DOCTOR K TRADITIONAL DOCTOR L PHARMACY M OTHER (SPECIFY) X For children with a fever or cough in the past 2 weeks, FEVTRBD1 indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment from a nongovernmental organization (NGO) static clinic. This response category is country-specific to Bangladesh. Some samples in the "FEVTR" series include multiple categories that can be consolidated into a single broad response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, while also preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For the 2011 and 2014 Bangladesh samples, FEVTRBD1 is combined with FEVTRBD2 (NGO satellite clinic), FEVTRBD3 (NGO fieldworker), FEVTRBD4 (NGO depot holder), and FEVTRBD5 (Other NGO) in FEVTRNGO (all nongovernmental organizations). Additionally, in the 2007 Bangladesh sample, FEVTRBD1 is combined with FEVTRBD2, FEVTRBD3, and FEVTRBD5; while for the 2000 and 2004 Bangladesh samples, FEVTRBD1 is combined with FEVTRBD2 and FEVTRBD3 in FEVTRNGO. IPUMS-DHS users interested in using FEVTRBD1 are encouraged to review FEVTRNGO for a more comprehensive response category. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for respiratory treatment, CS Variables -- TOPICS Source of fever/cough treatment: NGO satellite clinic (Bangladesh) 468. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL OR MEDICAL COLLEGE A FAMILY WELFARE CENTRE OR FWV B THANA HEALTH COMPLEX C SATELLITE CLINIC OR EPI OUTREACH SITE D MATERNAL AND CHILD WELFARE CENTER (MCWC) E GOVERNMENT FIELD WORKER (FWA) F NGO SECTOR NGO STATIC CLINIC G NGO SATELLITE CLINIC H NGO FIELDWORKER I PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC J QUALIFIED DOCTOR K TRADITIONAL DOCTOR L PHARMACY M OTHER (SPECIFY) X For children with a fever or cough in the past 2 weeks, FEVTRBD2 indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment from a nongovernmental organization (NGO) satellite clinic. This response category is country-specific to Bangladesh. Some samples in the "FEVTR" series include multiple categories that can be consolidated into a single broad response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, while also preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For the 2011 and 2014 Bangladesh samples, FEVTRBD2 is combined with FEVTRBD1 (NGO static clinic), FEVTRBD3 (NGO fieldworker), FEVTRBD4 (NGO depot holder), and FEVTRBD5 (Other NGO) in FEVTRNGO (all nongovernmental organizations). Additionally, in the 2007 Bangladesh sample, FEVTRBD2 is combined with FEVTRBD1, FEVTRBD3, and FEVTRBD5, while for the 2000 and 2004 Bangladesh samples, FEVTRBD2 is combined with FEVTRBD1 and FEVTRBD3 in FEVTRNGO. IPUMS-DHS users interested in using FEVTRBD2 are encouraged to review FEVTRNGO for a more comprehensive response category. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for respiratory treatment, CS Variables -- TOPICS Source of fever/cough treatment: NGO fieldworker (Bangladesh) 468. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL OR MEDICAL COLLEGE A FAMILY WELFARE CENTRE OR FWV B THANA HEALTH COMPLEX C SATELLITE CLINIC OR EPI OUTREACH SITE D MATERNAL AND CHILD WELFARE CENTER (MCWC) E GOVERNMENT FIELD WORKER (FWA) F NGO SECTOR NGO STATIC CLINIC G NGO SATELLITE CLINIC H NGO FIELDWORKER I PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC J QUALIFIED DOCTOR K TRADITIONAL DOCTOR L PHARMACY M OTHER (SPECIFY) X For children with a fever or cough in the past 2 weeks, FEVTRBD3 indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment from a nongovernmental organization (NGO) fieldworker. This response category is country-specific to Bangladesh. Some samples in the "FEVTR" series include multiple categories that can be consolidated into a single broad response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, while also preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For the 2011 and 2014 Bangladesh samples, FEVTRBD3 is combined with FEVTRBD1 (NGO static clinic), FEVTRBD2 (NGO satellite clinic), FEVTRBD4 (NGO depot holder), and FEVTRBD5 (Other NGO) in FEVTRNGO (all nongovernmental organizations). Additionally, in the 2007 Bangladesh sample, FEVTRBD3 is combined with FEVTRBD1, FEVTRBD2, and FEVTRBD5; for the 2000 and 2004 Bangladesh samples, FEVTRBD3 is combined with FEVTRBD1 and FEVTRBD2 in FEVTRNGO. IPUMS-DHS users interested in using FEVTRBD3 are encouraged to review FEVTRNGO for a more comprehensive response category. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for respiratory treatment, CS Variables -- TOPICS Source of fever/cough treatment: Homeopathic doctor (other) (Bangladesh) 468. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL OR MEDICAL COLLEGE A FAMILY WELFARE CENTRE OR FWV B THANA HEALTH COMPLEX C SATELLITE CLINIC OR EPI OUTREACH SITE D MATERNAL AND CHILD WELFARE CENTER (MCWC) E GOVERNMENT FIELD WORKER (FWA) F NGO SECTOR NGO STATIC CLINIC G NGO SATELLITE CLINIC H NGO FIELDWORKER I PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC J QUALIFIED DOCTOR K TRADITIONAL DOCTOR L PHARMACY M OTHER (SPECIFY) X For children with a fever or cough in the past 2 weeks, FEVTRBD7 indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment from a traditional homeopathic doctor. This response category is country-specific to Bangladesh. Some samples in the "FEVTR" series include multiple categories that can be consolidated into a single broad response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, while also preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For the 1997, 2000, and 2007 Bangladesh samples, FEVTRBD7 is combined with FEVTRBD8 (traditional practitioner) in FEVTRPRIVHL (all traditional practitioners/healers). IPUMS-DHS users interested in using FEVTRBD7 are encouraged to review FEVTRPRIVHL for a more comprehensive response category. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for respiratory treatment, CS Variables -- TOPICS Source of fever/cough treatment: Traditional practitioner (other) (Bangladesh) 468. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL OR MEDICAL COLLEGE A FAMILY WELFARE CENTRE OR FWV B THANA HEALTH COMPLEX C SATELLITE CLINIC OR EPI OUTREACH SITE D MATERNAL AND CHILD WELFARE CENTER (MCWC) E GOVERNMENT FIELD WORKER (FWA) F NGO SECTOR NGO STATIC CLINIC G NGO SATELLITE CLINIC H NGO FIELDWORKER I PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC J QUALIFIED DOCTOR K TRADITIONAL DOCTOR L PHARMACY M OTHER (SPECIFY) X For children with a fever or cough in the past 2 weeks, FEVTRBD8 indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment from a traditional practitioner. This response category is country-specific to Bangladesh. Some samples in the "FEVTR" series include multiple categories that can be consolidated into a single broad response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, while also preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For the 1997, 2000, and 2007 Bangladesh samples, FEVTRBD8 is combined with FEVTRBD7 (traditional homeopathic doctor) in FEVTRPRIVHL (all traditional practitioners/healers). IPUMS-DHS users interested in using FEVTRBD8 are encouraged to review FEVTRPRIVHL for a more comprehensive response category. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for respiratory treatment, CS Variables -- TOPICS Source of fever/cough treatment: Government health center (Bangladesh) 468. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL OR MEDICAL COLLEGE A FAMILY WELFARE CENTRE OR FWV B THANA HEALTH COMPLEX C SATELLITE CLINIC OR EPI OUTREACH SITE D MATERNAL AND CHILD WELFARE CENTER (MCWC) E GOVERNMENT FIELD WORKER (FWA) F NGO SECTOR NGO STATIC CLINIC G NGO SATELLITE CLINIC H NGO FIELDWORKER I PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC J QUALIFIED DOCTOR K TRADITIONAL DOCTOR L PHARMACY M OTHER (SPECIFY) X For children with a fever or cough in the past 2 weeks, FEVTRBD11 indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment from a government health center. This response category is country-specific to Bangladesh. Some samples in the "FEVTR" series include multiple categories that can be consolidated into a single broad response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, while also preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. FEVTRBD11 is combined with FEVTRBD12 (maternal and child welfare center) in FEVTRPUBHC (all public health centers) for the 2000 Bangladesh sample. Additionally, FEVTRBD11 is combined with FEVTRBD12 and FEVTRBD13 (health and family welfare center) for the 2004, 2007, 2011, and 2014 Bangladesh samples. IPUMS-DHS users interested in using FEVTRBD11 are encouraged to review FEVTRPUBHC for a more comprehensive response category. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for respiratory treatment, CS Variables -- TOPICS Source of fever/cough treatment: Maternal and child welfare center (public) (Bangladesh) 468. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL OR MEDICAL COLLEGE A FAMILY WELFARE CENTRE OR FWV B THANA HEALTH COMPLEX C SATELLITE CLINIC OR EPI OUTREACH SITE D MATERNAL AND CHILD WELFARE CENTER (MCWC) E GOVERNMENT FIELD WORKER (FWA) F NGO SECTOR NGO STATIC CLINIC G NGO SATELLITE CLINIC H NGO FIELDWORKER I PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC J QUALIFIED DOCTOR K TRADITIONAL DOCTOR L PHARMACY M OTHER (SPECIFY) X For children with a fever or cough in the past 2 weeks, FEVTRBD12 indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment from a public maternal and child welfare center. This response category is country-specific to Bangladesh. Some samples in the "FEVTR" series include multiple categories that can be consolidated into a single broad response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, while also preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. FEVTRBD12 is combined with FEVTRBD11 (government health center) in FEVTRPUBHC (all public health centers) for the 2000 Bangladesh sample. Additionally, FEVTRBD12 is combined with FEVTRBD11 and FEVTRBD13 (health and family welfare center) for the 2004, 2007, 2011, and 2014 Bangladesh samples. IPUMS-DHS users interested in using FEVTRBD12 are encouraged to review FEVTRPUBHC for a more comprehensive response category. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for respiratory treatment, CS Variables -- TOPICS Child had diarrhea recently 472. Has (NAME) had diarrhea is the last 2 weeks? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 480) DON'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 480) For surviving children under age 5, DIARRECENT (H11) indicates whether the child had diarrhea in the past 2 weeks. Question wording differences affect the comparability of DIARRECENT; see Comparability. 10 No 20 Yes, recently 21 Yes, last 24 hours 22 Yes, last 2-14 days 23 Yes, last two weeks 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Diarrhea, general Variables -- TOPICS Child fed the same, more, or less fluid with diarrhea 473. When (NAME) had diarrhea, was he or she offered the same amount to drink, more than usual to drink, or less than usual to drink? SAME 1 MORE 2 LESS 3 DON'T KNOW 8 For surviving children under age 5 who had diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIAFLUIDUPDN (H38) reports whether the child was given more, less, or the same amount of fluid as usual during the illness. Question wording differences limit the comparability of DIAFLUIDUPDN across samples; see Comparability. 10 Same 20 Increase 30 Decrease 31 Somewhat less 32 Much less 33 Nothing to drink 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Diarrhea, general Variables -- TOPICS Child got same, increased, or decreased food with diarrhea 474. Was he or she offered the same amount to eat, more than usual to eat or less than usual to eat? SAME 1 MORE 2 LESS 3 DON'T KNOW 8 For surviving children under age 5 who had diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIAFOODUPDN (H39) indicates whether the child was given more, less, or the same amount of food during the illness. Question wording differences limit the comparability of DIAFOODUPDN across samples; see Comparability. 10 Same 20 Increase 30 Decrease 31 Somewhat less 32 Much less 33 Stop entirely 40 Never gave food 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Diarrhea, general Variables -- TOPICS Child received any treatment for diarrhea 476. Was anything (else) given to treat the diarrhea? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 478) DON'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 478) For surviving children under age 5 who had diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIATREANY (H21) is a summary variable indicating whether the child received any treatment for diarrhea. Based on standard DHS variables H11 to H21, DIATREANY indicates whether the child was taken to a public or private facility/practitioner for treatment and/or was given some medication (which could include a homemade sugar-salt-water solution) to treat the illness. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Diarrhea, treatment Variables -- TOPICS Whether no treatment or advice sought for child's diarrhea 478. Did you seek advice or treatment for the diarrhea? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 480) For surviving children under age 5 who had diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIATRENONE (H12Y) indicates whether no treatment or advice was sought for the child's diarrhea. 0 No, received treatment 1 Yes, no treatment or advice sought 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Diarrhea, treatment Variables -- TOPICS Child taken to medical facility for diarrhea treatment 478. Did you seek advice or treatment for the diarrhea? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 480) For young children with diarrhea in the last two weeks, DIATREMEDFAC (H12Z) indicates whether they were taken to a medical facility for treatment. Based on standard DHS variables H12A to H12X, DIATREMEDFAC indicates whether the child was taken to any of the facilities listed under the "Public Sector" and "Medical Private Sector" headers, except for Pharmacy. The exact sources of treatment included in this grouping may vary across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes, treatment at medical facility 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Diarrhea, treatment Variables -- TOPICS Child given unspecified injection for diarrhea 477. What was given to treat the diarrhea? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PILL OR CAPSULE OR SYRUP A INJECTION B INTRAVENOUS (IV) C HOME REMEDIES OR HERBAL MEDICINES D OTHER (SPECIFY) X For surviving children under age 5 who had diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIAGIVINJUNSPEC indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child was given an unknown injection to treat this illness. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Diarrhea, treatment Variables -- TOPICS Child given an IV for diarrhea 477. What was given to treat the diarrhea? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PILL OR CAPSULE OR SYRUP A INJECTION B INTRAVENOUS (IV) C HOME REMEDIES OR HERBAL MEDICINES D OTHER (SPECIFY) X For surviving children under age 5 who had diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIAGIVIV (H15C) indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child was given an IV (intravenous fluids) to treat this illness. The IV could have been used to deliver drugs and/or fluids to prevent dehydration and supply calories. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Diarrhea, treatment Variables -- TOPICS Child given pills or syrups (unspecified) for diarrhea 475. When (NAME) had diarrhea, was he or she given any of the following to drink: A fluid made from a special saline packet? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Home-made sugar-salt-water solution (laban gur)? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Water? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Any other liquids? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 For surviving children under age 5 who had diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIAGIVPILSYR (H15) indicates whether the child was given some unspecified other pills or syrup to treat this illness. The meaning of "other" depends on the specific medications included in a given survey, For Phase 5 forward, the similar variable DIAGIVPILUNK reports whether the child was given an "unknown" type of pill or syrup to treat diarrhea. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Diarrhea, treatment Variables -- TOPICS Child given home remedy or herbal medicine for diarrhea 477. What was given to treat the diarrhea? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PILL OR CAPSULE OR SYRUP A INJECTION B INTRAVENOUS (IV) C HOME REMEDIES OR HERBAL MEDICINES D OTHER (SPECIFY) X For surviving children under age 5 who had diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIAGIVHERB (H15D) indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child was given home remedies or herbal medicines to treat this illness. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Diarrhea, treatment Variables -- TOPICS Child given oral rehydration for diarrhea 475. When (NAME) had diarrhea, was he or she given any of the following to drink: A fluid made from a special saline packet? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Home-made sugar-salt-water solution (laban gur)? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Water? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Any other liquids? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 For surviving children under age 5 who had diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIAGIVORS (H13) indicates whether the child was given a sugar-salt-water solution or oral rehydration solution (ORS) to treat this illness. 10 No 20 Yes 21 Yes, ORS - spontaneous 22 Yes, ORS - probed 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Diarrhea, treatment Variables -- TOPICS Child given recommended home solution with salt and sugar for diarrhea 475. When (NAME) had diarrhea, was he or she given any of the following to drink: A fluid made from a special saline packet? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Home-made sugar-salt-water solution (laban gur)? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Water? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 Any other liquids? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 For surviving children under age 5 who had diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIAGIVSOLUT (H14) indicates whether the child was given a recommended homemade solution to treat this illness. 10 Yes 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) 00 No 11 Yes, spontaneous 12 Yes, probed Diarrhea, treatment Variables -- TOPICS Child given other treatment for diarrhea 477. What was given to treat the diarrhea? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PILL OR CAPSULE OR SYRUP A INJECTION B INTRAVENOUS (IV) C HOME REMEDIES OR HERBAL MEDICINES D OTHER (SPECIFY) X For young children with diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIAGIVOTHER (H20) indicates whether they were given some "other" treatment for this illness. The meaning of "other" depends on the types of diarrhea treatment specified in a given sample. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Diarrhea, treatment Variables -- TOPICS Child given nothing as treatment for diarrhea 476. Was anything (else) given to treat the diarrhea? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 478) DON'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 478) For surviving children under age 5 who had diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIAGIVNONE (H21A) indicates whether the child was given no treatment for this illness. 0 No, given some treatment 1 Yes, nothing given as treatment 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Diarrhea, treatment Variables -- TOPICS Source of diarrhea treatment: Private hospital/clinic 479. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL OR MEDICAL COLLEGE A FAMILY WELFARE CENTRE OR FWV B THANA HEALTH COMPLEX C SATELLITE CLINIC OR EPI OUTREACH SITE D MATERNAL AND CHILD WELFARE CENTER (MCWC) E GOVERNMENT FIELD WORKER (FWA) F NGO SECTOR NGO STATIC CLINIC G NGO SATELLITE CLINIC H NGO FIELDWORKER I PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC J QUALIFIED DOCTOR K TRADITIONAL DOCTOR L PHARMACY M OTHER (SPECIFY) X 480. GO BACK TO 453 IN NEXT COLUMN; OR IF NOW MORE BIRTHS, GO TO 480A. For surviving children with diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIATRPRIVHOS (H12J) indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment at a private hospital or clinic. Some samples in the "DIATR" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of private hospitals that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in DIATRPRIVHOS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Place for diarrhea treatment, general Variables -- TOPICS Source of diarrhea treatment: Private doctor 479. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL OR MEDICAL COLLEGE A FAMILY WELFARE CENTRE OR FWV B THANA HEALTH COMPLEX C SATELLITE CLINIC OR EPI OUTREACH SITE D MATERNAL AND CHILD WELFARE CENTER (MCWC) E GOVERNMENT FIELD WORKER (FWA) F NGO SECTOR NGO STATIC CLINIC G NGO SATELLITE CLINIC H NGO FIELDWORKER I PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC J QUALIFIED DOCTOR K TRADITIONAL DOCTOR L PHARMACY M OTHER (SPECIFY) X 480. GO BACK TO 453 IN NEXT COLUMN; OR IF NOW MORE BIRTHS, GO TO 480A. For children with diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIATRPRIVDR (H12L) indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment from a private doctor. Some samples in the "DIATR" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of private doctors that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in DIATPRIVDR. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Place for diarrhea treatment, general Variables -- TOPICS Source of diarrhea treatment: Traditional Practitioner/Healer 479. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL OR MEDICAL COLLEGE A FAMILY WELFARE CENTRE OR FWV B THANA HEALTH COMPLEX C SATELLITE CLINIC OR EPI OUTREACH SITE D MATERNAL AND CHILD WELFARE CENTER (MCWC) E GOVERNMENT FIELD WORKER (FWA) F NGO SECTOR NGO STATIC CLINIC G NGO SATELLITE CLINIC H NGO FIELDWORKER I PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC J QUALIFIED DOCTOR K TRADITIONAL DOCTOR L PHARMACY M OTHER (SPECIFY) X 480. GO BACK TO 453 IN NEXT COLUMN; OR IF NOW MORE BIRTHS, GO TO 480A. ***** 479. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL OR MEDICAL COLLEGE A FAMILY WELFARE CENTRE OR FWV B THANA HEALTH COMPLEX C SATELLITE CLINIC OR EPI OUTREACH SITE D MATERNAL AND CHILD WELFARE CENTER (MCWC) E GOVERNMENT FIELD WORKER (FWA) F NGO SECTOR NGO STATIC CLINIC G NGO SATELLITE CLINIC H NGO FIELDWORKER I PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC J QUALIFIED DOCTOR K TRADITIONAL DOCTOR L PHARMACY M OTHER (SPECIFY) X 480. GO BACK TO 453 IN NEXT COLUMN; OR IF NOW MORE BIRTHS, GO TO 480A. For children with diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIATRPRIVHL (H12T) indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment from a traditional healer or practitioner. Some samples in the "DIATR" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of traditional practitioners/healers that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in DIATRPRIVHL. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Place for diarrhea treatment, general Variables -- TOPICS Source of diarrhea treatment: Non-governmental organization (NGO) 479. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL OR MEDICAL COLLEGE A FAMILY WELFARE CENTRE OR FWV B THANA HEALTH COMPLEX C SATELLITE CLINIC OR EPI OUTREACH SITE D MATERNAL AND CHILD WELFARE CENTER (MCWC) E GOVERNMENT FIELD WORKER (FWA) F NGO SECTOR NGO STATIC CLINIC G NGO SATELLITE CLINIC H NGO FIELDWORKER I PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC J QUALIFIED DOCTOR K TRADITIONAL DOCTOR L PHARMACY M OTHER (SPECIFY) X 480. GO BACK TO 453 IN NEXT COLUMN; OR IF NOW MORE BIRTHS, GO TO 480A. ***** 479. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL OR MEDICAL COLLEGE A FAMILY WELFARE CENTRE OR FWV B THANA HEALTH COMPLEX C SATELLITE CLINIC OR EPI OUTREACH SITE D MATERNAL AND CHILD WELFARE CENTER (MCWC) E GOVERNMENT FIELD WORKER (FWA) F NGO SECTOR NGO STATIC CLINIC G NGO SATELLITE CLINIC H NGO FIELDWORKER I PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC J QUALIFIED DOCTOR K TRADITIONAL DOCTOR L PHARMACY M OTHER (SPECIFY) X 480. GO BACK TO 453 IN NEXT COLUMN; OR IF NOW MORE BIRTHS, GO TO 480A. ***** 479. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL OR MEDICAL COLLEGE A FAMILY WELFARE CENTRE OR FWV B THANA HEALTH COMPLEX C SATELLITE CLINIC OR EPI OUTREACH SITE D MATERNAL AND CHILD WELFARE CENTER (MCWC) E GOVERNMENT FIELD WORKER (FWA) F NGO SECTOR NGO STATIC CLINIC G NGO SATELLITE CLINIC H NGO FIELDWORKER I PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC J QUALIFIED DOCTOR K TRADITIONAL DOCTOR L PHARMACY M OTHER (SPECIFY) X 480. GO BACK TO 453 IN NEXT COLUMN; OR IF NOW MORE BIRTHS, GO TO 480A. For children with diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIATRFRND indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment from a non-governmental organization (NGO). Some samples in the "DIATR" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of NGO facilities that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in this variable. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Place for diarrhea treatment, general Variables -- TOPICS Source of diarrhea treatment: Private pharmacy 479. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL OR MEDICAL COLLEGE A FAMILY WELFARE CENTRE OR FWV B THANA HEALTH COMPLEX C SATELLITE CLINIC OR EPI OUTREACH SITE D MATERNAL AND CHILD WELFARE CENTER (MCWC) E GOVERNMENT FIELD WORKER (FWA) F NGO SECTOR NGO STATIC CLINIC G NGO SATELLITE CLINIC H NGO FIELDWORKER I PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC J QUALIFIED DOCTOR K TRADITIONAL DOCTOR L PHARMACY M OTHER (SPECIFY) X 480. GO BACK TO 453 IN NEXT COLUMN; OR IF NOW MORE BIRTHS, GO TO 480A. For children with diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIATRPRIVDRUG (H12K) indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment at a private pharmacy, drug store, or dispensary. Some samples in the "DIATR" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of private drug sources that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in DIATPRIVDRUG. Users should be careful to distinguish this variable from DIATRPUBDRUG and DIATROTHDRUG, which refer to public drug sources and informal drug sources, respectively. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Place for diarrhea treatment, general Variables -- TOPICS Source of diarrhea treatment: Public hospital 479. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL OR MEDICAL COLLEGE A FAMILY WELFARE CENTRE OR FWV B THANA HEALTH COMPLEX C SATELLITE CLINIC OR EPI OUTREACH SITE D MATERNAL AND CHILD WELFARE CENTER (MCWC) E GOVERNMENT FIELD WORKER (FWA) F NGO SECTOR NGO STATIC CLINIC G NGO SATELLITE CLINIC H NGO FIELDWORKER I PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC J QUALIFIED DOCTOR K TRADITIONAL DOCTOR L PHARMACY M OTHER (SPECIFY) X 480. GO BACK TO 453 IN NEXT COLUMN; OR IF NOW MORE BIRTHS, GO TO 480A. For surviving children with diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIATRPUBHOS (H12A) indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment at a public hospital for this illness. Some samples in the "DIATR" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of public hospitals that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in this variable. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Place for diarrhea treatment, general Variables -- TOPICS Source of diarrhea treatment: Public health center 479. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL OR MEDICAL COLLEGE A FAMILY WELFARE CENTRE OR FWV B THANA HEALTH COMPLEX C SATELLITE CLINIC OR EPI OUTREACH SITE D MATERNAL AND CHILD WELFARE CENTER (MCWC) E GOVERNMENT FIELD WORKER (FWA) F NGO SECTOR NGO STATIC CLINIC G NGO SATELLITE CLINIC H NGO FIELDWORKER I PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC J QUALIFIED DOCTOR K TRADITIONAL DOCTOR L PHARMACY M OTHER (SPECIFY) X 480. GO BACK TO 453 IN NEXT COLUMN; OR IF NOW MORE BIRTHS, GO TO 480A. ***** 479. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL OR MEDICAL COLLEGE A FAMILY WELFARE CENTRE OR FWV B THANA HEALTH COMPLEX C SATELLITE CLINIC OR EPI OUTREACH SITE D MATERNAL AND CHILD WELFARE CENTER (MCWC) E GOVERNMENT FIELD WORKER (FWA) F NGO SECTOR NGO STATIC CLINIC G NGO SATELLITE CLINIC H NGO FIELDWORKER I PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC J QUALIFIED DOCTOR K TRADITIONAL DOCTOR L PHARMACY M OTHER (SPECIFY) X 480. GO BACK TO 453 IN NEXT COLUMN; OR IF NOW MORE BIRTHS, GO TO 480A. For surviving children with diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIATRPUBHC (H12B) indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment at a public health center for this illness. Some samples in the "DIATR" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of public health centers that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in this variable. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Place for diarrhea treatment, general Variables -- TOPICS Source of diarrhea treatment: Fieldworker (public) 479. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL OR MEDICAL COLLEGE A FAMILY WELFARE CENTRE OR FWV B THANA HEALTH COMPLEX C SATELLITE CLINIC OR EPI OUTREACH SITE D MATERNAL AND CHILD WELFARE CENTER (MCWC) E GOVERNMENT FIELD WORKER (FWA) F NGO SECTOR NGO STATIC CLINIC G NGO SATELLITE CLINIC H NGO FIELDWORKER I PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC J QUALIFIED DOCTOR K TRADITIONAL DOCTOR L PHARMACY M OTHER (SPECIFY) X 480. GO BACK TO 453 IN NEXT COLUMN; OR IF NOW MORE BIRTHS, GO TO 480A. For surviving children with diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIATRPUBFW (H12E) indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment from a public fieldworker for this illness. Users should be careful to distinguish this variable from DIATRPRIVFW ("fieldworker" under the private medical sector category). Some samples in the "DIATR" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of public fieldworkers that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in this variable. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Place for diarrhea treatment, general Variables -- TOPICS Source of diarrhea treatment: Other 479. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL OR MEDICAL COLLEGE A FAMILY WELFARE CENTRE OR FWV B THANA HEALTH COMPLEX C SATELLITE CLINIC OR EPI OUTREACH SITE D MATERNAL AND CHILD WELFARE CENTER (MCWC) E GOVERNMENT FIELD WORKER (FWA) F NGO SECTOR NGO STATIC CLINIC G NGO SATELLITE CLINIC H NGO FIELDWORKER I PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC J QUALIFIED DOCTOR K TRADITIONAL DOCTOR L PHARMACY M OTHER (SPECIFY) X 480. GO BACK TO 453 IN NEXT COLUMN; OR IF NOW MORE BIRTHS, GO TO 480A. For children with diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIATROTH (H12X) indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment at some "other" source. The meaning of "other" depends on the specific response categories included in a given sample. IPUMS-DHS users are encouraged to review the Survey Text tab to better discern the exact meaning of "other" for samples of interest. Users should be careful to distinguish this variable from DIATRPUBOTH ("other" under the public medical sector) and DIATRPRIVOTH ("other" under the private medical sector). DIATROTH includes those "other" categories that do not fit into the public or private medical sector. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Place for diarrhea treatment, general Variables -- TOPICS Source of diarrhea treatment: NGO static clinic (Bangladesh) 479. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL OR MEDICAL COLLEGE A FAMILY WELFARE CENTRE OR FWV B THANA HEALTH COMPLEX C SATELLITE CLINIC OR EPI OUTREACH SITE D MATERNAL AND CHILD WELFARE CENTER (MCWC) E GOVERNMENT FIELD WORKER (FWA) F NGO SECTOR NGO STATIC CLINIC G NGO SATELLITE CLINIC H NGO FIELDWORKER I PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC J QUALIFIED DOCTOR K TRADITIONAL DOCTOR L PHARMACY M OTHER (SPECIFY) X 480. GO BACK TO 453 IN NEXT COLUMN; OR IF NOW MORE BIRTHS, GO TO 480A. For children with diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIATRBD1 indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment from a nongovernmental organization (NGO) static clinic. This response category is country-specific to Bangladesh. Some samples in the "DIATR" series include multiple categories that can be consolidated into a single broad response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, while also preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For the 2007, 2011, and 2014 Bangladesh samples, DIATRBD1 is combined with DIATRBD2 (NGO satellite clinic), DIATRBD3 (NGO fieldworker), and DIATRBD4 (Other NGO) in DIATRNGO (all nongovernmental organizations). Additionally, for the 2000 and 2004 Bangladesh samples, DIATRBD1 is combined with DIATRBD2 and DIATRBD3 in DIATRNGO. IPUMS-DHS users interested in using DIATRBD1 are encouraged to review DIATRNGO for a more comprehensive response category. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Place for diarrhea treatment, CS Variables -- TOPICS Source of diarrhea treatment: NGO satellite clinic (Bangladesh) 479. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL OR MEDICAL COLLEGE A FAMILY WELFARE CENTRE OR FWV B THANA HEALTH COMPLEX C SATELLITE CLINIC OR EPI OUTREACH SITE D MATERNAL AND CHILD WELFARE CENTER (MCWC) E GOVERNMENT FIELD WORKER (FWA) F NGO SECTOR NGO STATIC CLINIC G NGO SATELLITE CLINIC H NGO FIELDWORKER I PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC J QUALIFIED DOCTOR K TRADITIONAL DOCTOR L PHARMACY M OTHER (SPECIFY) X 480. GO BACK TO 453 IN NEXT COLUMN; OR IF NOW MORE BIRTHS, GO TO 480A. For children with diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIATRBD2 indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment from a nongovernmental organization (NGO) satellite clinic. This response category is country-specific to Bangladesh. Some samples in the "DIATR" series include multiple categories that can be consolidated into a single broad response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, while also preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For the 2007, 2011, and 2014 Bangladesh samples, DIATRBD2 is combined with DIATRBD1 (NGO static clinic), DIATRBD3 (NGO fieldworker), and DIATRBD4 (Other NGO) in DIATRNGO (all nongovernmental organizations). Additionally, for the 2000 and 2004 Bangladesh samples, DIATRBD2 is combined with DIATRBD1 and DIATRBD3 in DIATRNGO. IPUMS-DHS users interested in using DIATRBD2 are encouraged to review DIATRNGO for a more comprehensive response category. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Place for diarrhea treatment, CS Variables -- TOPICS Source of diarrhea treatment: NGO fieldworker (Bangladesh) 479. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL OR MEDICAL COLLEGE A FAMILY WELFARE CENTRE OR FWV B THANA HEALTH COMPLEX C SATELLITE CLINIC OR EPI OUTREACH SITE D MATERNAL AND CHILD WELFARE CENTER (MCWC) E GOVERNMENT FIELD WORKER (FWA) F NGO SECTOR NGO STATIC CLINIC G NGO SATELLITE CLINIC H NGO FIELDWORKER I PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC J QUALIFIED DOCTOR K TRADITIONAL DOCTOR L PHARMACY M OTHER (SPECIFY) X 480. GO BACK TO 453 IN NEXT COLUMN; OR IF NOW MORE BIRTHS, GO TO 480A. For children with diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIATRBD3 indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment from a nongovernmental organization (NGO) fieldworker. This response category is country-specific to Bangladesh. Some samples in the "DIATR" series include multiple categories that can be consolidated into a single broad response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, while also preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For the 2007, 2011, and 2014 Bangladesh samples, DIATRBD3 is combined with DIATRBD1 (NGO static clinic), DIATRBD2 (NGO satellite clinic), and DIATRBD4 (Other NGO) in DIATRNGO (all nongovernmental organizations). Additionally, for the 2000 and 2004 Bangladesh samples, DIATRBD3 is combined with DIATRBD1 and DIATRBD2 in DIATRNGO. IPUMS-DHS users interested in using DIATRBD3 are encouraged to review DIATRNGO for a more comprehensive response category. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Place for diarrhea treatment, CS Variables -- TOPICS Source of diarrhea treatment: Homeopathic doctor (other) (Bangladesh) 479. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL OR MEDICAL COLLEGE A FAMILY WELFARE CENTRE OR FWV B THANA HEALTH COMPLEX C SATELLITE CLINIC OR EPI OUTREACH SITE D MATERNAL AND CHILD WELFARE CENTER (MCWC) E GOVERNMENT FIELD WORKER (FWA) F NGO SECTOR NGO STATIC CLINIC G NGO SATELLITE CLINIC H NGO FIELDWORKER I PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC J QUALIFIED DOCTOR K TRADITIONAL DOCTOR L PHARMACY M OTHER (SPECIFY) X 480. GO BACK TO 453 IN NEXT COLUMN; OR IF NOW MORE BIRTHS, GO TO 480A. For children with diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIATRBD7 indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment from a traditional homeopathic doctor. This response category is country-specific to Bangladesh. Some samples in the "DIATR" series include multiple categories that can be consolidated into a single broad response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, while also preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For the 1997, 2000, and 2007 Bangladesh samples, DIATRBD7 is combined with DIATRBD8 (traditional practitioner) in DIATRPRIVHL (all traditional practitioners/healers). IPUMS-DHS users interested in using DIATRBD7 are encouraged to review DIATRPRIVHL for a more comprehensive response category. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Place for diarrhea treatment, CS Variables -- TOPICS Source of diarrhea treatment: Traditional practitioner (other) (Bangladesh) 479. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL OR MEDICAL COLLEGE A FAMILY WELFARE CENTRE OR FWV B THANA HEALTH COMPLEX C SATELLITE CLINIC OR EPI OUTREACH SITE D MATERNAL AND CHILD WELFARE CENTER (MCWC) E GOVERNMENT FIELD WORKER (FWA) F NGO SECTOR NGO STATIC CLINIC G NGO SATELLITE CLINIC H NGO FIELDWORKER I PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC J QUALIFIED DOCTOR K TRADITIONAL DOCTOR L PHARMACY M OTHER (SPECIFY) X 480. GO BACK TO 453 IN NEXT COLUMN; OR IF NOW MORE BIRTHS, GO TO 480A. For children with diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIATRBD8 indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment from a traditional practitioner. This response category is country-specific to Bangladesh. Some samples in the "DIATR" series include multiple categories that can be consolidated into a single broad response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, while also preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For the 1997, 2000, and 2007 Bangladesh samples, DIATRBD8 is combined with DIATRBD7 (traditional homeopathic doctor) in DIATRPRIVHL (all traditional practitioners/healers). IPUMS-DHS users interested in using DIATRBD8 are encouraged to review DIATRPRIVHL for a more comprehensive response category for those samples. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Place for diarrhea treatment, CS Variables -- TOPICS Source of diarrhea treatment: Government health center (Bangladesh) 479. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL OR MEDICAL COLLEGE A FAMILY WELFARE CENTRE OR FWV B THANA HEALTH COMPLEX C SATELLITE CLINIC OR EPI OUTREACH SITE D MATERNAL AND CHILD WELFARE CENTER (MCWC) E GOVERNMENT FIELD WORKER (FWA) F NGO SECTOR NGO STATIC CLINIC G NGO SATELLITE CLINIC H NGO FIELDWORKER I PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC J QUALIFIED DOCTOR K TRADITIONAL DOCTOR L PHARMACY M OTHER (SPECIFY) X 480. GO BACK TO 453 IN NEXT COLUMN; OR IF NOW MORE BIRTHS, GO TO 480A. For children with diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIATRBD11 indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment from a government health center. This response category is country-specific to Bangladesh. Some samples in the "DIATR" series include multiple categories that can be consolidated into a single broad response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, while also preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. DIATRBD11 is combined with DIATRBD12 (maternal and child welfare center) in DIATRPUBHC (all public health centers) for the 2000 Bangladesh sample. Additionally, DIATRBD11 is combined with DIATRBD12 and DIATRBD13 (health and family welfare center) for the 2004 Bangladesh sample, while DIATRBD12 is combined with DIATRBD13 in DIATRPUBHC for the 2007, 2011, and 2014 Bangladesh samples. IPUMS-DHS users interested in using DIATRBD11 are encouraged to review DIATRPUBHC for a more comprehensive response category. 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) Place for diarrhea treatment, CS Variables -- TOPICS Source of diarrhea treatment: Maternal and child welfare center (public) (Bangladesh) 479. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL OR MEDICAL COLLEGE A FAMILY WELFARE CENTRE OR FWV B THANA HEALTH COMPLEX C SATELLITE CLINIC OR EPI OUTREACH SITE D MATERNAL AND CHILD WELFARE CENTER (MCWC) E GOVERNMENT FIELD WORKER (FWA) F NGO SECTOR NGO STATIC CLINIC G NGO SATELLITE CLINIC H NGO FIELDWORKER I PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC J QUALIFIED DOCTOR K TRADITIONAL DOCTOR L PHARMACY M OTHER (SPECIFY) X 480. GO BACK TO 453 IN NEXT COLUMN; OR IF NOW MORE BIRTHS, GO TO 480A. For children with diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIATRBD12 indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment from a public maternal and child welfare center. This response category is country-specific to Bangladesh. Some samples in the "DIATR" series include multiple categories that can be consolidated into a single broad response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, while also preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. DIATRBD12 is combined with DIATRBD11 (government health center) in DIATRPUBHC (all public health centers) for the 2000 Bangladesh sample. Additionally, DIATRBD12 is combined with DIATRBD11 and DIATRBD13 (health and family welfare center) for the 2004 Bangladesh sample, while DIATRBD12 is combined with DIATRBD13 in DIATRPUBHC for the 2007, 2011, and 2014 Bangladesh samples. IPUMS-DHS users interested in using DIATRBD12 are encouraged to review DIATRPUBHC for a more comprehensive response category. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Place for diarrhea treatment, CS Variables -- TOPICS Child has health card 455. Do you have a card where (NAME'S) vaccinations are written down? IF YES: May I see it please? YES, SEEN 1 (GO TO 457) YES, NOT SEEN 2 (GO TO 459) NO CARD 3 HEALTHCARDKID (H1) indicates whether the child had a health card and, if so, whether the card was seen by the interviewer. Child health cards were examined to determine whether and, if so, when, the child received specific vaccinations. 10 No card 11 No longer has card 20 Yes, currently has card 21 Yes, card seen 22 Yes, card not seen 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) 23 Yes, card seen from health facility Child vaccination, general Variables -- TOPICS Child received any vaccination (if no health card) 459. Did (NAME) receive any vaccinations to prevent him or her from getting diseases? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 463) DON'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 463) For children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey, VACEV (H10) indicates whether the young child had received any vaccination. This variable generally relates to children who did not have a health card, the preferred source of documentation on vaccinations. If no health card was shown, the interviewer asked whether the child had any vaccinations (documented in VACEV), and, if the answer was yes, asked about specific types of vaccinations. Note that VACEV is not a summary variable for all questions relating to vaccinations; rather, VACEV serves as a filter variable during the interview for children lacking health cards. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Less than 3 months 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child vaccination, general Variables -- TOPICS Child received oral polio 1 vaccination 457. COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. WRITE "44" IN "DAY" COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ MEASLES DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ For children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey, VACOPV1 (H4) indicates whether the child has received the first in a series of oral polio vaccines. The oral polio vaccination primary series usually consists of a birth dose and 3 additional administrations. The complementary variables VACOPV0 (H0), VACOPV2 (H6), and VACOPV3 (H8) report the birth, second, and third administrations, respectively. VACOPV1 uses composite coding, with a first digit of 2 indicating the child has been vaccinated and the second digit indicating the source of information (a dated entry on the vaccination card, an undated mark on the vaccination card, or the mother's report). 10 No 20 Yes, any information source 21 Yes, from vac card 22 Yes, date on vaccination card 23 Yes, from vac card w/out date 24 Yes, from mother's report 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Polio vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Day child received oral polio 1 vaccination 457. COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. WRITE "44" IN "DAY" COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ MEASLES DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ VACOPV1DAY (H4D) reports the day of the month that children received their first oral polio vaccination. This information is only available for children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey whose first oral polio vaccination date was recorded on a card shown to the interviewer. The complementary variables VACOPV1MO (H4M) and VACOPV1YR (H4Y) report the month and the year of the first oral polio vaccination, as recorded on a vaccination card shown to the interviewer. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the vaccination date may be coded as "Inconsistent" if the reported date is inconsistent with the date of birth, the date of interview, or the dates of other vaccinations. To identify all young children who received the first oral polio vaccination, including those identified through the mother's report rather than a dated vaccination card, see VACOPV1 (H4). 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Polio vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Month child received oral polio 1 vaccination 457. COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. WRITE "44" IN "DAY" COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ MEASLES DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ VACOPV1MO (H4M) reports the month that children received their first oral polio vaccination. This information is only available for children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey whose first oral polio vaccination date was recorded on a card shown to the interviewer. The complementary variables VACOPV1DAY (H4D) and VACOPV1YR (H4Y) report the day of the month and the year of the first oral polio vaccination, as recorded on a vaccination card shown to the interviewer. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the vaccination date may be coded as "Inconsistent" if the reported date is inconsistent with the date of birth, the date of interview, or the dates of other vaccinations. To identify all young children who received the first oral polio vaccination, including those identified through the mother's report rather than a dated vaccination card, see VACOPV1 (H4). 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Polio vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Year child received oral polio 1 vaccination 457. COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. WRITE "44" IN "DAY" COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ MEASLES DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ VACOPV1YR (H4Y) reports the year that children received their first oral polio vaccination. This information is only available for children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey whose first oral polio vaccination date was recorded on a card shown to the interviewer. The complementary variables VACOPV1DAY (H4D) and VACOPV1MO (H4M) report the day of the month and the month of the first oral polio vaccination, as recorded on a vaccination card shown to the interviewer. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the vaccination date may be coded as "Inconsistent" if the reported date is inconsistent with the date of birth, the date of interview, or the dates of other vaccinations. To identify all young children who received the first oral polio vaccination, including those identified through the mother's report rather than a dated vaccination card, see VACOPV1 (H4). 2018 2018 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 9996 Inconsistent 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) 2017 2017 1981 1981 Polio vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Child received oral polio 2 vaccination 457. COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. WRITE "44" IN "DAY" COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ MEASLES DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ For children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey, VACOPV2 (H6) indicates whether the child has received the second in a series of oral polio vaccines. The oral polio vaccination primary series usually consists of a birth dose and 3 additional administrations. The complementary variables VACOPV0 (H0), VACOPV1 (H4), and VACOPV3 (H8) report the birth, first, and third administrations, respectively. VACOPV2 uses composite coding, with a first digit of 2 indicating the child has been vaccinated and the second digit indicating the source of information (a dated entry on the vaccination card, an undated mark on the vaccination card, or the mother's report). 10 No 20 Yes, any information source 21 Yes, from vac card 22 Yes, date on vaccination card 23 Yes, from vac card w/out date 24 Yes, from mother's report 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Polio vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Day child received oral polio 2 vaccination 457. COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. WRITE "44" IN "DAY" COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ MEASLES DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ VACOPV2DAY (H6D) reports the day of the month that children received their second oral polio vaccination. This information is only available for children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey whose second oral polio vaccination date was recorded on a card shown to the interviewer. The complementary variables VACOPV2MO (H6M) and VACOPV2YR (H6Y) report the month and the year of the second oral polio vaccination, as recorded on a vaccination card shown to the interviewer. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the vaccination date may be coded as "Inconsistent" if the reported date is inconsistent with the date of birth, the date of interview, or the dates of other vaccinations. To identify all young children who received the second oral polio vaccination, including those identified through the mother's report rather than a dated vaccination card, see VACOPV2 (H6). 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Polio vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Month child received oral polio 2 vaccination 457. COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. WRITE "44" IN "DAY" COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ MEASLES DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ VACOPV2MO (H6M) reports the month that children received their second oral polio vaccination. This information is only available for children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey whose second oral polio vaccination date was recorded on a card shown to the interviewer. The complementary variables VACOPV2DAY (H6D) and VACOPV2YR (H6Y) report the day of the month and the year of the second oral polio vaccination, as recorded on a vaccination card shown to the interviewer. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the vaccination date may be coded as "Inconsistent" if the reported date is inconsistent with the date of birth, the date of interview, or the dates of other vaccinations. To identify all young children who received the second oral polio vaccination, including those identified through the mother's report rather than a dated vaccination card, see VACOPV2 (H6). 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Polio vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Year child received oral polio 2 vaccination 457. COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. WRITE "44" IN "DAY" COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ MEASLES DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ VACOPV2YR (H6Y) reports the year that children received their second oral polio vaccination. This information is only available for children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey whose second oral polio vaccination date was recorded on a card shown to the interviewer. The complementary variables VACOPV2DAY (H6D) and VACOPV2MO (H6M) report the day of the month and the month of the second oral polio vaccination, as recorded on a vaccination card shown to the interviewer. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the vaccination date may be coded as "Inconsistent" if the reported date is inconsistent with the date of birth, the date of interview, or the dates of other vaccinations. To identify all young children who received the second oral polio vaccination, including those identified through the mother's report rather than a dated vaccination card, see VACOPV2 (H6). 2018 2018 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 9996 Inconsistent 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) 2017 2017 Polio vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Child received oral polio 3 vaccination 457. COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. WRITE "44" IN "DAY" COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ MEASLES DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ For children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey, VACOPV3 (H8) indicates whether the child has received the third in a series of oral polio vaccines. The oral polio vaccination primary series usually consists of a birth dose and 3 additional administrations. The complementary variables VACOPV0 (H0), VACOPV1 (H4), and VACOPV2 (H6) report the birth, first, and second administrations, respectively. VACOPV3 uses composite coding, with a first digit of 2 indicating the child has been vaccinated and the second digit indicating the source of information (a dated entry on the vaccination card, an undated mark on the vaccination card, or the mother's report). 10 No 20 Yes, any information source 21 Yes, from vaccination card 22 Yes, date on vaccination card 23 Yes, from vac card w/out date 24 Yes, from mother's report 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Polio vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Day child received polio 3 vaccination 457. COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. WRITE "44" IN "DAY" COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ MEASLES DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ VACOPV3DAY (H8D) reports the day of the month that children received their third oral polio vaccination. This information is only available for children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey whose third oral polio vaccination date was recorded on a card shown to the interviewer. The complementary variables VACOPV3MO (H8M) and VACOPV3YR (H8Y) report the month and the year of the third oral polio vaccination, as recorded on a vaccination card shown to the interviewer. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the vaccination date may be coded as "Inconsistent" if the reported date is inconsistent with the date of birth, the date of interview, or the dates of other vaccinations. To identify all young children who received the third oral polio vaccination, including those identified through the mother's report rather than a dated vaccination card, see VACOPV3 (H8). 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Polio vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Month child received oral polio 3 vaccination 457. COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. WRITE "44" IN "DAY" COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ MEASLES DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ VACOPV3MO (H8M) reports the month that children received their third oral polio vaccination. This information is only available for children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey whose third oral polio vaccination date was recorded on a card shown to the interviewer. The complementary variables VACOPV3DAY (H8D) and VACOPV3YR (H8Y) report the day of the month and the year of the third oral polio vaccination, as recorded on a vaccination card shown to the interviewer. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the vaccination date may be coded as "Inconsistent" if the reported date is inconsistent with the date of birth, the date of interview, or the dates of other vaccinations. To identify all young children who received the third oral polio vaccination, including those identified through the mother's report rather than a dated vaccination card, see VACOPV3 (H8). 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Polio vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Year child received oral polio 3 vaccination 457. COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. WRITE "44" IN "DAY" COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ MEASLES DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ VACOPV3YR (H8Y) reports the year that children received their third oral polio vaccination. This information is only available for children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey whose third oral polio vaccination date was recorded on a card shown to the interviewer. The complementary variables VACOPV3DAY (H8D) and VACOPV3MO (H8M) report the day of the month and the month of the third oral polio vaccination, as recorded on a vaccination card shown to the interviewer. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the vaccination date may be coded as "Inconsistent" if the reported date is inconsistent with the date of birth, the date of interview, or the dates of other vaccinations. To identify all young children who received the third oral polio vaccination, including those identified through the mother's report rather than a dated vaccination card, see VACOPV3 (H8). 2018 2018 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 9996 Inconsistent 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) 2017 2017 Polio vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Child received first oral polio vaccination just after birth 460D. When was the first polio vaccine received, just after birth or later? JUST AFTER BIRTH 1 LATER 2 VACOPV1STIM indicates whether the child received the first polio dose just after birth (as opposed to later). If the child received the first polio dose immediately after birth, that indicates the child received the birth dose of polio (OPV 0), which can be found in VACOPV0. If VACOPV0 is not available in a particular sample, users may wish to recode children from VACOPV1 who received the first dose just after birth as having received VACOPV0 (the birth dose of polio vaccine) rather than VACOPV1 (the first dose of polio vaccine, administered later). 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Polio vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Child received DPT (diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus) 1 vaccination 457. COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. WRITE "44" IN "DAY" COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ MEASLES DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ For children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey, VACDPT1 (H3) indicates whether the child has received the first in a series of DPT vaccinations against diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus. The DPT vaccination is often given as an injection in the thigh or buttocks, often at the same time as polio drops. The DPT vaccination primary series usually consists of 3 administrations, and the complementary variables VACDPT2 (H5) and VACDPT3 (H7) report the second and third administrations, respectively. VACDPT1 uses composite coding, with a first digit of 2 indicating the child has been vaccinated and the second digit indicating the source of information (a dated entry on the vaccination card, an undated mark on the vaccination card, or the mother's report). 10 No 20 Yes, any information source 21 Yes, from vac card 22 Yes, date on vaccination card 23 Yes, from vac card w/out date 24 Yes, from mother's report 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) DPT-HB-Hib vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Day child received DPT (diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus) 1 vaccination 457. COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. WRITE "44" IN "DAY" COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ MEASLES DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ VACDPT1DAY (H3D) reports the day of the month that children received their first DPT vaccination. This information is only available for children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey whose first DPT vaccination date was recorded on a card shown to the interviewer. The complementary variables VACDPT1MO (H3M) and VACDPT1YR (H3Y) report the month and the year of the first DPT vaccination, as recorded on a vaccination card shown to the interviewer. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the vaccination date may be coded as "Inconsistent" if the reported date is inconsistent with the date of birth, the date of interview, or the dates of other vaccinations. To identify all young children who received the first DPT vaccination, including those identified through the mother's report rather than a dated vaccination card, see VACDPT1 (H3). 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) DPT-HB-Hib vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Month child received DPT (diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus) 1 vaccination 457. COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. WRITE "44" IN "DAY" COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ MEASLES DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ VACDPT1MO (H3M) reports the month that children received their first DPT vaccination. This information is only available for children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey whose first DPT vaccination date was recorded on a card shown to the interviewer. The complementary variables VACDPT1DAY (H3D) and VACDPT1YR (H3Y) report the day of the month and the year of the first DPT vaccination, as recorded on a vaccination card shown to the interviewer. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the vaccination date may be coded as "Inconsistent" if the reported date is inconsistent with the date of birth, the date of interview, or the dates of other vaccinations. To identify all young children who received the first DPT vaccination, including those identified through the mother's report rather than a dated vaccination card, see VACDPT1 (H3). 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) DPT-HB-Hib vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Year child received DPT (diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus) 1 vaccination 457. COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. WRITE "44" IN "DAY" COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ MEASLES DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ VACDPT1YR (H3Y) reports the year that children received their first DPT vaccination. This information is only available for children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey whose first DPT vaccination date was recorded on a card shown to the interviewer. The complementary variables VACDPT1DAY (H3D) and VACDPT1MO (H3M) report the day of the month and the month of the first DPT vaccination, as recorded on a vaccination card shown to the interviewer. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the vaccination date may be coded as "Inconsistent" if the reported date is inconsistent with the date of birth, the date of interview, or the dates of other vaccinations. To identify all young children who received the first DPT vaccination, including those identified through the mother's report rather than a dated vaccination card, see VACDPT1 (H3). 2016 2016 2015 2015 2014 2014 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 9996 Inconsistent 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) 1981 1981 DPT-HB-Hib vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Child received DPT (diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus) 2 vaccination 457. COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. WRITE "44" IN "DAY" COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ MEASLES DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ For children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey, VACDPT2 (H5) indicates whether the child has received the second in a series of DPT vaccinations against diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus. The DPT vaccination is often given as an injection in the thigh or buttocks, often at the same time as polio drops. The DPT vaccination primary series usually consists of 3 administrations, and the complementary variables VACDPT1 (H3) and VACDPT3 (H7) report the first and third administrations, respectively. VACDPT2 uses composite coding, with a first digit of 2 indicating the child has been vaccinated and the second digit indicating the source of information (a dated entry on the vaccination card, an undated mark on the vaccination card, or the mother's report). 10 No 20 Yes, any information source 21 Yes, from vac card 22 Yes, date on vaccination card 23 Yes, from vac card w/out date 24 Yes, from mother's report 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) DPT-HB-Hib vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Day child received DPT (diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus) 2 vaccination 457. COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. WRITE "44" IN "DAY" COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ MEASLES DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ VACDPT2DAY (H5D) reports the day of the month that children received their second DPT vaccination. This information is only available for children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey whose second DPT vaccination date was recorded on a card shown to the interviewer. The complementary variables VACDPT2MO (H5M) and VACDPT2YR (H5Y) report the month and the year of the second DPT vaccination, as recorded on a vaccination card shown to the interviewer. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the vaccination date may be coded as "Inconsistent" if the reported date is inconsistent with the date of birth, the date of interview, or the dates of other vaccinations. To identify all young children who received the second DPT vaccination, including those identified through the mother's report rather than a dated vaccination card, see VACDPT2 (H5). 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) DPT-HB-Hib vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Month child received DPT (diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus) 2 vaccination 457. COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. WRITE "44" IN "DAY" COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ MEASLES DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ VACDPT2MO (H5M) reports the month that children received their second DPT vaccination. This information is only available for children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey whose second DPT vaccination date was recorded on a card shown to the interviewer. The complementary variables VACDPT2DAY (H5D) and VACDPT2YR (H5Y) report the day of the month and the year of the second DPT vaccination, as recorded on a vaccination card shown to the interviewer. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the vaccination date may be coded as "Inconsistent" if the reported date is inconsistent with the date of birth, the date of interview, or the dates of other vaccinations. To identify all young children who received the second DPT vaccination, including those identified through the mother's report rather than a dated vaccination card, see VACDPT2 (H5). 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) DPT-HB-Hib vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Year child received DPT (diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus) 2 vaccination 457. COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. WRITE "44" IN "DAY" COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ MEASLES DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ VACDPT2YR (H5Y) reports the year that children received their second DPT vaccination. This information is only available for children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey whose second DPT vaccination date was recorded on a card shown to the interviewer. The complementary variables VACDPT2DAY (H5D) and VACDPT2MO (H5M) report the day of the month and the month of the second DPT vaccination, as recorded on a vaccination card shown to the interviewer. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the vaccination date may be coded as "Inconsistent" if the reported date is inconsistent with the date of birth, the date of interview, or the dates of other vaccinations. To identify all young children who received the second DPT vaccination, including those identified through the mother's report rather than a dated vaccination card, see VACDPT2 (H5). 2016 2016 2015 2015 2014 2014 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 9996 Inconsistent 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) 1981 1981 DPT-HB-Hib vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Child received DPT (diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus) 3 vaccination 457. COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. WRITE "44" IN "DAY" COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ MEASLES DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ For children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey, VACDPT3 (H7) indicates whether the child has received the third in a series of DPT vaccinations against diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus. The DPT vaccination is often given as an injection in the thigh or buttocks, often at the same time as polio drops. The DPT vaccination primary series usually consists of 3 administrations, and the complementary variables VACDPT1 (H3) and VACDPT2 (H5) report the first and second administrations, respectively. VACDPT3 uses composite coding, with a first digit of 2 indicating the child has been vaccinated and the second digit indicating the source of information (a dated entry on the vaccination card, an undated mark on the vaccination card, or the mother's report). 10 No 20 Yes, any information source 21 Yes, from vac card 22 Yes, date on vaccination card 23 Yes, from vac card w/out date 24 Yes, from mother's report 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) DPT-HB-Hib vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Day child received DPT (diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus) 3 vaccination 457. COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. WRITE "44" IN "DAY" COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ MEASLES DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ VACDPT3DAY (H7D) reports the day of the month that children received their third DPT vaccination. This information is only available for children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey whose third DPT vaccination date was recorded on a card shown to the interviewer. The complementary variables VACDPT3MO (H7M) and VACDPT3YR (H7Y) report the month and the year of the third DPT vaccination, as recorded on a vaccination card shown to the interviewer. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the vaccination date may be coded as "Inconsistent" if the reported date is inconsistent with the date of birth, the date of interview, or the dates of other vaccinations. To identify all young children who received the third DPT vaccination, including those identified through the mother's report rather than a dated vaccination card, see VACDPT3 (H7). 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) DPT-HB-Hib vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Month child received DPT (diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus) 3 vaccination 457. COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. WRITE "44" IN "DAY" COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ MEASLES DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ VACDPT3MO (H7M) reports the month that children received their third DPT vaccination. This information is only available for children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey whose third DPT vaccination date was recorded on a card shown to the interviewer. The complementary variables VACDPT3DAY (H7D) and VACDPT3YR (H7Y) report the day of the month and the year of the third DPT vaccination, as recorded on a vaccination card shown to the interviewer. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the vaccination date may be coded as "Inconsistent" if the reported date is inconsistent with the date of birth, the date of interview, or the dates of other vaccinations. To identify all young children who received the third DPT vaccination, including those identified through the mother's report rather than a dated vaccination card, see VACDPT3 (H7). 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) DPT-HB-Hib vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Year child received DPT (diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus) 3 vaccination 457. COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. WRITE "44" IN "DAY" COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ MEASLES DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ VACDPT3YR (H7Y) reports the year that children received their third DPT vaccination. This information is only available for children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey whose third DPT vaccination date was recorded on a card shown to the interviewer. The complementary variables VACDPT3DAY (H7D) and VACDPT3MO (H7M) report the day of the month and the month of the third DPT vaccination, as recorded on a vaccination card shown to the interviewer. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the vaccination date may be coded as "Inconsistent" if the reported date is inconsistent with the date of birth, the date of interview, or the dates of other vaccinations. To identify all young children who received the third DPT vaccination, including those identified through the mother's report rather than a dated vaccination card, see VACDPT3 (H7). 2016 2016 2015 2015 2014 2014 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 9996 Inconsistent 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) DPT-HB-Hib vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Child received measles (or measles containing) 1 vaccination 457. COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. WRITE "44" IN "DAY" COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ MEASLES DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ For children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey, VACMEAS1 (H9) indicates whether the child has received the first in a series of measles (or measles-containing) vaccinations. The measles vaccination primary series usually consists of either 1 or 2 administrations, and the complementary variable VACMEAS2 (H9A) reports the second administration. VACMEAS1 uses composite coding, with a first digit of 2 indicating the child has been vaccinated and the second digit indicating the source of information (a dated entry on the vaccination card, an undated mark on the vaccination card, or the mother's report). 10 No 20 Yes, any information source 21 Yes, from vac card 22 Yes, date on vaccination card 23 Yes, from vac card w/out date 24 Yes, from mother's report 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Measles vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Day child received measles 1 vaccination 457. COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. WRITE "44" IN "DAY" COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ MEASLES DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ VACMEAS1DAY (H9D) reports the day of the month that children received their first measles or measles-containing vaccination. This information is only available for children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey whose first measles vaccination date was recorded on a card shown to the interviewer. The complementary variables VACMEAS1MO (H9M) and VACMEAS1YR (H9Y) report the month and the year of the first measles vaccination, as recorded on a vaccination card shown to the interviewer. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the vaccination date may be coded as "Inconsistent" if the reported date is inconsistent with the date of birth, the date of interview, or the dates of other vaccinations. To identify all young children who received the first measles vaccination, including those identified through the mother's report rather than a dated vaccination card, see VACMEAS1 (H9). 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Measles vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Month child received measles 1 vaccination 457. COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. WRITE "44" IN "DAY" COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ MEASLES DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ VACMEAS1MO (H9M) reports the month that children received their first measles or measles-containing vaccination. This information is only available for children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey whose first measles vaccination date was recorded on a card shown to the interviewer. The complementary variables VACMEAS1DAY (H9D) and VACMEAS1YR (H9Y) report the day of the month and the year of the first measles vaccination, as recorded on a vaccination card shown to the interviewer. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the vaccination date may be coded as "Inconsistent" if the reported date is inconsistent with the date of birth, the date of interview, or the dates of other vaccinations. To identify all young children who received the first measles vaccination, including those identified through the mother's report rather than a dated vaccination card, see VACMEAS1 (H9). 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Measles vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Year child received measles 1 vaccination 457. COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. WRITE "44" IN "DAY" COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ MEASLES DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ VACMEAS1YR (H9Y) reports the year that children received their first measles or measles-containing vaccination. This information is only available for children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey whose first measles vaccination date was recorded on a card shown to the interviewer. The complementary variables VACMEAS1DAY (H9D) and VACMEAS1MO (H9M) report the day of the month and the month of the first measles vaccination, as recorded on a vaccination card shown to the interviewer. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the vaccination date may be coded as "Inconsistent" if the reported date is inconsistent with the date of birth, the date of interview, or the dates of other vaccinations. To identify all young children who received the first measles vaccination, including those identified through the mother's report rather than a dated vaccination card, see VACMEAS1 (H9). 2017 2017 2018 2018 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 9996 Inconsistent 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Measles vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Child received vitamin A vaccination (most recent) For children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey, VACVITALAST (H33) indicates whether the child has received the most recent, or most recent reported, dose of vitamin A. Vitamin A vaccinations are typically made up of supplements given every 6 months. The complementary variable VACVITA2 (H40) reports the second most recent, or second most recent reported, administration. 0 No 1 Yes, vacc date on card 2 Yes, reported by mother 3 Yes, vacc marked on card 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Vitamin A vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Day child received vitamin A vaccination (most recent) VACVITALASTDAY (H33D) reports the day of the month that children received their most recent, or most recent reported, vitamin A vaccination. This information is only available for children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey whose most recent vitamin A vaccination date was recorded on a card shown to the interviewer. The complementary variables VACVITALASTMO (H33M) and VACVITALASTYR (H33Y) report the month and the year of the most recent vitamin A vaccination, as recorded on a vaccination card shown to the interviewer. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the vaccination date may be coded as "Inconsistent" if the reported date is inconsistent with the date of birth, the date of interview, or the dates of other vaccinations. To identify all young children who received the most recent vitamin A vaccination, including those identified through the mother's report rather than a dated vaccination card, see VACVITALAST (H33). 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Vitamin A vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Month child received vitamin A vaccination (most recent) VACVITALASTMO (H33M) reports the month that children received their most recent, or most recent reported, vitamin A vaccination. This information is only available for children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey whose most recent vitamin A vaccination date was recorded on a card shown to the interviewer. The complementary variables VACVITALASTDAY (H33D) and VACVITALASTYR (H33Y) report the day of the month and the year of the most recent vitamin A vaccination, as recorded on a vaccination card shown to the interviewer. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the vaccination date may be coded as "Inconsistent" if the reported date is inconsistent with the date of birth, the date of interview, or the dates of other vaccinations. To identify all young children who received the most recent vitamin A vaccination, including those identified through the mother's report rather than a dated vaccination card, see VACVITALAST (H33). 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Vitamin A vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Year child received vitamin A vaccination (most recent) VACVITALASTYR (H33Y) reports the year that children received their most recent, or most recent reported, vitamin A vaccination. This information is only available for children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey whose most recent vitamin A vaccination date was recorded on a card shown to the interviewer. The complementary variables VACVITALASTDAY (H33D) and VACVITALASTMO (H33M) report the day of the month and the month of the most recent vitamin A vaccination, as recorded on a vaccination card shown to the interviewer. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the vaccination date may be coded as "Inconsistent" if the reported date is inconsistent with the date of birth, the date of interview, or the dates of other vaccinations. To identify all young children who received the most recent vitamin A vaccination, including those identified through the mother's report rather than a dated vaccination card, see VACVITALAST (H33). 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 2017 2017 2018 2018 9996 Inconsistent 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Vitamin A vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Child received BCG (TB) vaccination 457. COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. WRITE "44" IN "DAY" COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ MEASLES DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ For children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey, VACBCG (H2) indicates whether the young child had received the BCG vaccination against tuberculosis. The BCG vaccination is typically given as in injection in the arm or shoulder, and it usually causes a scar. VACBCG uses composite coding, with a first digit of 2 indicating the child had been vaccinated and the second digit indicating the source of information (a dated entry on the vaccination card, an undated mark on the vaccination card, or the mother's report). 10 No 20 Yes, any information source 21 Yes, from vac card 22 Yes, date on vaccination card 23 Yes, from vac card w/out date 24 Yes, from mother's report 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Other vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Day child received BCG (TB) vaccination 457. COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. WRITE "44" IN "DAY" COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ MEASLES DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ VACBCGDAY (H2D) reports the day of the month that children received the BCG vaccination. This information is only available for children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey whose BCG vaccination date was recorded on a card shown to the interviewer. The complementary variables VACBCGMO (H2M) and VACBCGYR (H2Y) report the month and the year of the BCG vaccination, as recorded on a vaccination card shown to the interviewer. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the vaccination date may be coded as "Inconsistent" if the reported date is inconsistent with the date of birth, the date of interview, or the dates of other vaccinations. To identify all young children who received the BCG vaccination, including those identified through the mother's report rather than a dated vaccination card, see VACBCG (H2). 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Other vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Month child received BCG (TB) vaccination 457. COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. WRITE "44" IN "DAY" COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ MEASLES DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ VACBCGDAY (H2D) reports the month that children received the BCG vaccination. This information is only available for children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey whose BCG vaccination date was recorded on a card shown to the interviewer. The complementary variables VACBCGDAY (H2D) and VACBCGYR (H2Y) report the day of the month and the year of the BCG vaccination, as recorded on a vaccination card shown to the interviewer. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the vaccination date may be coded as "Inconsistent" if the reported date is inconsistent with the date of birth, the date of interview, or the dates of other vaccinations. To identify all young children who received the BCG vaccination, including those identified through the mother's report rather than a dated vaccination card, see VACBCG (H2). 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Other vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Year child received BCG (TB) vaccination 457. COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. WRITE "44" IN "DAY" COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ POLIO 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 1 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 2 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ DPT 3 DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ MEASLES DAY ___ MONTH ___ YEAR ___ VACBCGYR (H2Y) reports the year that children received the BCG vaccination. This information is only available for children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey whose BCG vaccination date was recorded on a card shown to the interviewer. The complementary variables VACBCGDAY (H2D) and VACBCGMO (H2M) report the day of the month and the month of the BCG vaccination, as recorded on a vaccination card shown to the interviewer. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the vaccination date may be coded as "Inconsistent" if the reported date is inconsistent with the date of birth, the date of interview, or the dates of other vaccinations. To identify all young children who received the BCG vaccination, including those identified through the mother's report rather than a dated vaccination card, see VACBCG (H2). 2016 2016 2015 2015 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 9996 Inconsistent 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) 2014 2014 1981 1981 2017 2017 2018 2018 Other vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Number of oral polio vaccinations child received from campaigns 460C. How many times did (NAME) receive polio vaccine: From clinic? TIMES FROM CLINIC ___ From NID? TIMES FROM NID ___ VACCAMPOPVNO reports the number of oral polio immunizations the child received from national vaccination campaigns. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 88 88 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Vaccination campaigns Variables -- TOPICS Soil type SOIL reports the predominant soil type within a 5-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The soil attributes reported in SOIL are: soil class (e.g., Leptosols), with 30 class categories, and soil type within that class (e.g., Lithic Leptosols). SOIL is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. SOIL is based on data from SoilGrids [URL omitted from DDI.]. SoilGrids is a system for automated soil mapping based on global soil profile and covariate data. There are 118 different soil types in the world according to SoilGrids [URL omitted from DDI.]. For the full list of codes and their meaning, see the soil legend [URL omitted from DDI.]. SOIL, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -998 Missing 0001 Haplic Acrisols 0002 Haplic Acrisols (Alumic) 0003 Haplic Acrisols (Ferric) 0004 Haplic Acrisols (Humic) 0005 Plinthic Acrisols 0006 Vetic Acrisols 0007 Haplic Albeluvisols 0008 Histic Albeluvisols 0009 Umbric Albeluvisols 0010 Cutanic Alisols 0011 Haplic Alisols 0012 Aluandic Andosols 0013 Haplic Andosols 0014 Vitric Andosols 0015 Albic Arenosols 0016 Ferralic Arenosols 0017 Haplic Arenosols 0018 Haplic Arenosols (Calcaric) 0019 Hypoluvic Arenosols 0020 Protic Arenosols 0021 Haplic Calcisols 0022 Haplic Calcisols (Sodic) 0023 Luvic Calcisols 0024 Petric Calcisols 0025 Endogleyic Cambisols 0026 Ferralic Cambisols 0027 Haplic Cambisols 0028 Haplic Cambisols (Calcaric) 0029 Haplic Cambisols (Chromic) 0030 Haplic Cambisols (Dystric) 0031 Haplic Cambisols (Eutric) 0032 Haplic Cambisols (Humic) 0033 Haplic Cambisols (Sodic) 0034 Leptic Cambisols 0035 Vertic Cambisols 0036 Calcic Chernozems 0037 Haplic Chernozems 0038 Luvic Chernozems 0039 Haplic Cryosols 0040 Turbic Cryosols 0041 Vitric Cryosols 0042 Petric Durisols 0043 Acric Ferralsols 0044 Haplic Ferralsols 0045 Haplic Ferralsols (Rhodic) 0046 Haplic Ferralsols (Xanthic) 0047 Umbric Ferralsols 0048 Haplic Fluvisols 0049 Haplic Fluvisols (Arenic) 0050 Haplic Fluvisols (Calcaric) 0051 Haplic Fluvisols (Dystric) 0052 Haplic Fluvisols (Eutric) 0053 Calcic Gleysols 0054 Haplic Gleysols 0055 Haplic Gleysols (Dystric) 0056 Haplic Gleysols (Eutric) 0057 Mollic Gleysols 0058 Umbric Gleysols 0059 Calcic Gypsisols 0060 Haplic Gypsisols 0061 Calcic Histosols 0062 Cryic Histosols 0063 Fibric Histosols 0064 Hemic Histosols 0065 Sapric Histosols 0066 Calcic Kastanozems 0067 Haplic Kastanozems 0068 Haplic Leptosols 0069 Haplic Leptosols (Eutric) 0070 Lithic Leptosols 0071 Mollic Leptosols 0072 Rendzic Leptosols 0073 Haplic Lixisols 0074 Haplic Lixisols (Chromic) 0075 Haplic Lixisols (Ferric) 0076 Albic Luvisols 0077 Calcic Luvisols 0078 Gleyic Luvisols 0079 Haplic Luvisols 0080 Haplic Luvisols (Chromic) 0081 Haplic Luvisols (Ferric) 0082 Leptic Luvisols 0083 Stagnic Luvisols 0084 Vertic Luvisols 0085 Alic Nitisols 0086 Haplic Nitisols (Rhodic) 0087 Haplic Phaeozems 0088 Leptic Phaeozems 0089 Luvic Phaeozems 0090 Endogleyic Planosols 0091 Haplic Planosols (Dystric) 0092 Haplic Planosols (Eutric) 0093 Luvic Planosols 0094 Solodic Planosols 0095 Acric Plinthosols 0096 Lixic Plinthosols 0097 Gleyic Podzols 0098 Haplic Podzols 0099 Aric Regosols 0100 Calcaric Regosols 0101 Haplic Regosols (Dystric) 0102 Haplic Regosols (Eutric) 0103 Haplic Regosols (Sodic) 0104 Leptic Regosols 0105 Gypsic Solonchaks 0106 Haplic Solonchaks 0107 Haplic Solonchaks (Sodic) 0108 Calcic Solonetz 0109 Gleyic Solonetz 0110 Haplic Solonetz 0111 Mollic Solonetz 0112 Luvic Stagnosols 0113 Haplic Umbrisols 0114 Leptic Umbrisols 0115 Calcic Vertisols 0116 Haplic Vertisols 0117 Haplic Vertisols (Eutric) 0118 Mollic Vertisols Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Ecoregion of household ECOREGION reports the predominant terrestrial ecoregion within a 5-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. ECOREGION reports the biogeographic region (e.g., Afrotropic), the habitat type (e.g., tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands), and the ecoregion (e.g., East Sudanian savanna) that are associated with each cluster location. ECOREGION is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. There are 825 terrestrial ecoregions in the world. Ecoregions are relatively large units of land containing distinct assemblages of natural communities and species, with boundaries that approximate the original extent of natural communities prior to major land-use change. The 5-digit codes in ECOREGION (e.g., 30129) include a 1-digit realm code (with 8 possible values), followed by a 2-digit biome code (with 14 possible values), and then a 2-digit ecoregion number. For the full list of codes and their meaning, see the ecoregion legend [URL omitted from DDI.]. ECOREGION, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -0998 Missing 10101 Admiralty Islands lowland rain forests 10102 Banda Sea Islands moist deciduous forests 10103 Biak-Numfoor rain forests 10104 Buru rain forests 10105 Central Range montane rain forests 10106 Halmahera rain forests 10107 Huon Peninsula montane rain forests 10108 Yapen rain forests 10109 Lord Howe Island subtropical forests 10110 Louisiade Archipelago rain forests 10111 New Britain-New Ireland lowland rain forests 10112 New Britain-New Ireland montane rain forests 10113 New Caledonia rain forests 10114 Norfolk Island subtropical forests 10115 Northern New Guinea lowland rain and freshwater swamp forests 10116 Northern New Guinea montane rain forests 10117 Queensland tropical rain forests 10118 Seram rain forests 10119 Solomon Islands rain forests 10120 Southeastern Papuan rain forests 10121 Southern New Guinea freshwater swamp forests 10122 Southern New Guinea lowland rain forests 10123 Sulawesi lowland rain forests 10124 Sulawesi montane rain forests 10125 Trobriand Islands rain forests 10126 Vanuatu rain forests 10127 Vogelkop montane rain forests 10128 Vogelkop-Aru lowland rain forests 10201 Lesser Sundas deciduous forests 10202 New Caledonia dry forests 10203 Sumba deciduous forests 10204 Timor and Wetar deciduous forests 10401 Chatham Island temperate forests 10402 Eastern Australian temperate forests 10403 Fiordland temperate forests 10404 Nelson Coast temperate forests 10405 North Island temperate forests 10406 Northland temperate kauri forests 10407 Rakiura Island temperate forests 10408 Richmond temperate forests 10409 Southeast Australia temperate forests 10410 South Island temperate forests 10411 Tasmanian Central Highland forests 10412 Tasmanian temperate forests 10413 Tasmanian temperate rain forests 10414 Westland temperate forests 10701 Arnhem Land tropical savanna 10702 Brigalow tropical savanna 10703 Cape York Peninsula tropical savanna 10704 Carpentaria tropical savanna 10705 Einasleigh upland savanna 10706 Kimberly tropical savanna 10707 Mitchell grass downs 10708 Trans Fly savanna and grasslands 10709 Victoria Plains tropical savanna 10801 Cantebury-Otago tussock grasslands 10802 Eastern Australia mulga shrublands 10803 Southeast Australia temperate savanna 11001 Australian Alps montane grasslands 11002 Central Range sub-alpine grasslands 11003 South Island montane grasslands 11101 Antipodes Subantarctic Islands tundra 11201 Coolgardie woodlands 11202 Esperance mallee 11203 Eyre and York mallee 11204 Jarrah-Karri forest and shrublands 11205 Swan Coastal Plain Scrub and Woodlands 11206 Mount Lofty woodlands 11207 Murray-Darling woodlands and mallee 11208 Naracoorte woodlands 11209 Southwest Australia savanna 11210 Southwest Australia woodlands 11301 Carnarvon xeric shrublands 11302 Central Ranges xeric scrub 11303 Gibson desert 11304 Great Sandy-Tanami desert 11305 Great Victoria desert 11306 Nullarbor Plains xeric shrublands 11307 Pilbara shrublands 11308 Simpson desert 11309 Tirari-Sturt stony desert 11310 Western Australian Mulga shrublands 11401 New Guinea mangroves 21101 Marielandia Antarctic tundra 21102 Maudlandia Antarctic desert 21103 Scotia Sea Islands tundra 21104 Southern Indian Ocean Islands tundra 30101 Albertine Rift montane forests 30102 Atlantic Equatorial coastal forests 30103 Cameroonian Highlands forests 30104 Central Congolian lowland forests 30105 Comoros forests 30106 Cross-Niger transition forests 30107 Cross-Sanaga-Bioko coastal forests 30108 East African montane forests 30109 Eastern Arc forests 30110 Eastern Congolian swamp forests 30111 Eastern Guinean forests 30112 Ethiopian montane forests 30113 Granitic Seychelles forests 30114 Guinean montane forests 30115 Knysna-Amatole montane forests 30116 KwaZulu-Cape coastal forest mosaic 30117 Madagascar lowland forests 30118 Madagascar subhumid forests 30119 Maputaland coastal forest mosaic 30120 Mascarene forests 30121 Mount Cameroon and Bioko montane forests 30122 Niger Delta swamp forests 30123 Nigerian lowland forests 30124 Northeastern Congolian lowland forests 30125 Northern Zanzibar-Inhambane coastal forest mosaic 30126 Northwestern Congolian lowland forests 30127 Sao Tome, Principe and Annobon moist lowland forests 30128 Southern Zanzibar-Inhambane coastal forest mosaic 30129 Western Congolian swamp forests 30130 Western Guinean lowland forests 30201 Cape Verde Islands dry forests 30202 Madagascar dry deciduous forests 30203 Zambezian Cryptosepalum dry forests 30701 Angolan Miombo woodlands 30702 Angolan Mopane woodlands 30703 Ascension scrub and grasslands 30704 Central Zambezian Miombo woodlands 30705 East Sudanian savanna 30706 Eastern Miombo woodlands 30707 Guinean forest-savanna mosaic 30708 Itigi-Sumbu thicket 30709 Kalahari Acacia-Baikiaea woodlands 30710 Mandara Plateau mosaic 30711 Northern Acacia-Commiphora bushlands and thickets 30712 Northern Congolian forest-savanna mosaic 30713 Sahelian Acacia savanna 30714 Serengeti volcanic grasslands 30715 Somali Acacia-Commiphora bushlands and thickets 30716 Southern Acacia-Commiphora bushlands and thickets 30717 Southern Africa bushveld 30718 Southern Congolian forest-savanna mosaic 30719 Southern Miombo woodlands 30720 St. Helena scrub and woodlands 30721 Victoria Basin forest-savanna mosaic 30722 West Sudanian savanna 30723 Western Congolian forest-savanna mosaic 30724 Western Zambezian grasslands 30725 Zambezian and Mopane woodlands 30726 Zambezian Baikiaea woodlands 30801 Al Hajar montane woodlands 30802 Amsterdam and Saint-Paul Islands temperate grasslands 30803 Tristan Da Cunha-Gough Islands shrub and grasslands 30901 East African halophytics 30902 Etosha Pan halophytics 30903 Inner Niger Delta flooded savanna 30904 Lake Chad flooded savanna 30905 Saharan flooded grasslands 30906 Zambezian coastal flooded savanna 30907 Zambezian flooded grasslands 30908 Zambezian halophytics 31001 Angolan montane forest-grassland mosaic 31002 Angolan scarp savanna and woodlands 31003 Drakensberg alti-montane grasslands and woodlands 31004 Drakensberg montane grasslands, woodlands and forests 31005 East African montane moorlands 31006 Eastern Zimbabwe montane forest-grassland mosaic 31007 Ethiopian montane grasslands and woodlands 31008 Ethiopian montane moorlands 31009 Highveld grasslands 31010 Jos Plateau forest-grassland mosaic 31011 Madagascar ericoid thickets 31012 Maputaland-Pondoland bushland and thickets 31013 Rwenzori-Virunga montane moorlands 31014 South Malawi montane forest-grassland mosaic 31015 Southern Rift montane forest-grassland mosaic 31201 Albany thickets 31202 Lowland fynbos and renosterveld 31203 Montane fynbos and renosterveld 31301 Aldabra Island xeric scrub 31302 Arabian Peninsula coastal fog desert 31303 East Saharan montane xeric woodlands 31304 Eritrean coastal desert 31305 Ethiopian xeric grasslands and shrublands 31306 Gulf of Oman desert and semi-desert 31307 Hobyo grasslands and shrublands 31308 Ile Europa and Bassas da India xeric scrub 31309 Kalahari xeric savanna 31310 Kaokoveld desert 31311 Madagascar spiny thickets 31312 Madagascar succulent woodlands 31313 Masai xeric grasslands and shrublands 31314 Nama Karoo 31315 Namib desert 31316 Namibian savanna woodlands 31318 Socotra Island xeric shrublands 31319 Somali montane xeric woodlands 31320 Southwestern Arabian foothills savanna 31321 Southwestern Arabian montane woodlands 31322 Succulent Karoo 31401 Central African mangroves 31402 East African mangroves 31403 Guinean mangroves 31404 Madagascar mangroves 31405 Southern Africa mangroves 40101 Andaman Islands rain forests 40102 Borneo lowland rain forests 40103 Borneo montane rain forests 40104 Borneo peat swamp forests 40105 Brahmaputra Valley semi-evergreen forests 40106 Cardamom Mountains rain forests 40107 Chao Phraya freshwater swamp forests 40108 Chao Phraya lowland moist deciduous forests 40109 Chin Hills-Arakan Yoma montane forests 40110 Christmas and Cocos Islands tropical forests 40111 Eastern highlands moist deciduous forests 40112 Eastern Java-Bali montane rain forests 40113 Eastern Java-Bali rain forests 40114 Greater Negros-Panay rain forests 40115 Himalayan subtropical broadleaf forests 40116 Irrawaddy freshwater swamp forests 40117 Irrawaddy moist deciduous forests 40118 Jian Nan subtropical evergreen forests 40119 Kayah-Karen montane rain forests 40120 Lower Gangetic Plains moist deciduous forests 40121 Luang Prabang montane rain forests 40122 Luzon montane rain forests 40123 Luzon rain forests 40124 Malabar Coast moist forests 40125 Maldives-Lakshadweep-Chagos Archipelago tropical moist forests 40126 Meghalaya subtropical forests 40127 Mentawai Islands rain forests 40128 Mindanao montane rain forests 40129 Mindanao-Eastern Visayas rain forests 40130 Mindoro rain forests 40131 Mizoram-Manipur-Kachin rain forests 40132 Myanmar coastal rain forests 40133 Nicobar Islands rain forests 40134 North Western Ghats moist deciduous forests 40135 North Western Ghats montane rain forests 40136 Northern Annamites rain forests 40137 Northern Indochina subtropical forests 40138 Northern Khorat Plateau moist deciduous forests 40139 Northern Thailand-Laos moist deciduous forests 40140 Northern Triangle subtropical forests 40141 Northern Vietnam lowland rain forests 40142 Orissa semi-evergreen forests 40143 Palawan rain forests 40144 Peninsular Malaysian montane rain forests 40145 Peninsular Malaysian peat swamp forests 40146 Peninsular Malaysian rain forests 40147 Red River freshwater swamp forests 40148 South China Sea Islands 40149 South China-Vietnam subtropical evergreen forests 40150 South Western Ghats moist deciduous forests 40151 South Western Ghats montane rain forests 40152 Southern Annamites montane rain forests 40153 Southwest Borneo freshwater swamp forests 40154 Sri Lanka lowland rain forests 40155 Sri Lanka montane rain forests 40156 Sulu Archipelago rain forests 40157 Sumatran freshwater swamp forests 40158 Sumatran lowland rain forests 40159 Sumatran montane rain forests 40160 Sumatran peat swamp forests 40161 Sundaland heath forests 40162 Sundarbans freshwater swamp forests 40163 Tenasserim-South Thailand semi-evergreen rain forests 40164 Tonle Sap freshwater swamp forests 40165 Tonle Sap-Mekong peat swamp forests 40166 Upper Gangetic Plains moist deciduous forests 40167 Western Java montane rain forests 40168 Western Java rain forests 40169 Hainan Island monsoon rain forests 40170 Nansei Islands subtropical evergreen forests 40171 South Taiwan monsoon rain forests 40172 Taiwan subtropical evergreen forests 40201 Central Deccan Plateau dry deciduous forests 40202 Central Indochina dry forests 40203 Chhota-Nagpur dry deciduous forests 40204 East Deccan dry-evergreen forests 40205 Irrawaddy dry forests 40206 Khathiar-Gir dry deciduous forests 40207 Narmada Valley dry deciduous forests 40208 Northern dry deciduous forests 40209 South Deccan Plateau dry deciduous forests 40210 Southeastern Indochina dry evergreen forests 40211 Southern Vietnam lowland dry forests 40212 Sri Lanka dry-zone dry evergreen forests 40301 Himalayan subtropical pine forests 40302 Luzon tropical pine forests 40303 Northeast India-Myanmar pine forests 40304 Sumatran tropical pine forests 40401 Eastern Himalayan broadleaf forests 40402 Northern Triangle temperate forests 40403 Western Himalayan broadleaf forests 40501 Eastern Himalayan subalpine conifer forests 40502 Western Himalayan subalpine conifer forests 40701 Terai-Duar savanna and grasslands 40901 Rann of Kutch seasonal salt marsh 41001 Kinabalu montane alpine meadows 41301 Deccan thorn scrub forests 41302 Indus Valley desert 41303 Northwestern thorn scrub forests 41304 Thar desert 41401 Goadavari-Krishna mangroves 41402 Indochina mangroves 41403 Indus River Delta-Arabian Sea mangroves 41404 Myanmar Coast mangroves 41405 Sunda Shelf mangroves 41406 Sundarbans mangroves 50201 Sonoran-Sinaloan transition subtropical dry forest 50301 Bermuda subtropical conifer forests 50302 Sierra Madre Occidental pine-oak forests 50303 Sierra Madre Oriental pine-oak forests 50401 Allegheny Highlands forests 50402 Appalachian mixed mesophytic forests 50403 Appalachian-Blue Ridge forests 50404 Central U.S. hardwood forests 50405 East Central Texas forests 50406 Eastern forest-boreal transition 50407 Eastern Great Lakes lowland forests 50408 Gulf of St. Lawrence lowland forests 50409 Mississippi lowland forests 50410 New England-Acadian forests 50411 Northeastern coastal forests 50412 Ozark Mountain forests 50413 Southeastern mixed forests 50414 Southern Great Lakes forests 50415 Upper Midwest forest-savanna transition 50416 Western Great Lakes forests 50417 Willamette Valley forests 50501 Alberta Mountain forests 50502 Alberta-British Columbia foothills forests 50503 Arizona Mountains forests 50504 Atlantic coastal pine barrens 50505 Blue Mountains forests 50506 British Columbia mainland coastal forests 50507 Cascade Mountains leeward forests 50508 Central and Southern Cascades forests 50509 Central British Columbia Mountain forests 50510 Central Pacific coastal forests 50511 Colorado Rockies forests 50512 Eastern Cascades forests 50513 Florida sand pine scrub 50514 Fraser Plateau and Basin complex 50515 Great Basin montane forests 50516 Klamath-Siskiyou forests 50517 Middle Atlantic coastal forests 50518 North Central Rockies forests 50519 Northern California coastal forests 50520 Northern Pacific coastal forests 50521 Northern transitional alpine forests 50522 Okanagan dry forests 50523 Piney Woods forests 50524 Puget lowland forests 50525 Queen Charlotte Islands 50526 Sierra Juarez and San Pedro Martir pine-oak forests 50527 Sierra Nevada forests 50528 South Central Rockies forests 50529 Southeastern conifer forests 50530 Wasatch and Uinta montane forests 50601 Alaska Peninsula montane taiga 50602 Central Canadian Shield forests 50603 Cook Inlet taiga 50604 Copper Plateau taiga 50605 Eastern Canadian forests 50606 Eastern Canadian Shield taiga 50607 Interior Alaska-Yukon lowland taiga 50608 Mid-Continental Canadian forests 50609 Midwestern Canadian Shield forests 50610 Muskwa-Slave Lake forests 50611 Newfoundland Highland forests 50612 Northern Canadian Shield taiga 50613 Northern Cordillera forests 50614 Northwest Territories taiga 50615 South Avalon-Burin oceanic barrens 50616 Southern Hudson Bay taiga 50617 Yukon Interior dry forests 50701 Western Gulf coastal grasslands 50801 California Central Valley grasslands 50802 Canadian Aspen forests and parklands 50803 Central and Southern mixed grasslands 50804 Central forest-grasslands transition 50805 Central tall grasslands 50806 Edwards Plateau savanna 50807 Flint Hills tall grasslands 50808 Montana Valley and Foothill grasslands 50809 Nebraska Sand Hills mixed grasslands 50810 Northern mixed grasslands 50811 Northern short grasslands 50812 Northern tall grasslands 50813 Palouse grasslands 50814 Texas blackland prairies 50815 Western short grasslands 51101 Alaska-St. Elias Range tundra 51102 Aleutian Islands tundra 51103 Arctic coastal tundra 51104 Arctic foothills tundra 51105 Baffin coastal tundra 51106 Beringia lowland tundra 51107 Beringia upland tundra 51108 Brooks-British Range tundra 51109 Davis Highlands tundra 51110 High Arctic tundra 51111 Interior Yukon-Alaska alpine tundra 51112 Kalaallit Nunaat high arctic tundra 51113 Kalaallit Nunaat low arctic tundra 51114 Low Arctic tundra 51115 Middle Arctic tundra 51116 Ogilvie-MacKenzie alpine tundra 51117 Pacific Coastal Mountain icefields and tundra 51118 Torngat Mountain tundra 51201 California coastal sage and chaparral 51202 California interior chaparral and woodlands 51203 California montane chaparral and woodlands 51301 Baja California desert 51302 Central Mexican matorral 51303 Chihuahuan desert 51304 Colorado Plateau shrublands 51305 Great Basin shrub steppe 51306 Gulf of California xeric scrub 51307 Meseta Central matorral 51308 Mojave desert 51309 Snake-Columbia shrub steppe 51310 Sonoran desert 51311 Tamaulipan matorral 51312 Tamaulipan mezquital 51313 Wyoming Basin shrub steppe 60101 Araucaria moist forests 60102 Atlantic Coast restingas 60103 Bahia coastal forests 60104 Bahia interior forests 60105 Bolivian Yungas 60106 Caatinga Enclaves moist forests 60107 Caqueta moist forests 60108 Catatumbo moist forests 60109 Cauca Valley montane forests 60110 Cayos Miskitos-San Andrés and Providencia moist forests 60111 Central American Atlantic moist forests 60112 Central American montane forests 60113 Chiapas montane forests 60114 Chimalapas montane forests 60115 Chocó-Darién moist forests 60116 Cocos Island moist forests 60117 Cordillera La Costa montane forests 60118 Cordillera Oriental montane forests 60119 Costa Rican seasonal moist forests 60120 Cuban moist forests 60121 Eastern Cordillera real montane forests 60122 Eastern Panamanian montane forests 60123 Fernando de Noronha-Atol das Rocas moist forests 60124 Guianan Highlands moist forests 60125 Guianan moist forests 60126 Gurupa varzeá 60127 Hispaniolan moist forests 60128 Iquitos varzeá 60129 Isthmian-Atlantic moist forests 60130 Isthmian-Pacific moist forests 60131 Jamaican moist forests 60132 Japurá-Solimoes-Negro moist forests 60133 Juruá-Purus moist forests 60134 Leeward Islands moist forests 60135 Madeira-Tapajós moist forests 60136 Magdalena Valley montane forests 60137 Magdalena-Urabá moist forests 60138 Marajó varzeá 60139 Maranhão Babaçu forests 60140 Mato Grosso seasonal forests 60141 Monte Alegre varzeá 60142 Napo moist forests 60143 Negro-Branco moist forests 60144 Northeastern Brazil restingas 60145 Northwestern Andean montane forests 60146 Oaxacan montane forests 60147 Orinoco Delta swamp forests 60148 Pantanos de Centla 60149 Guianan freshwater swamp forests 60150 Alto Paraná Atlantic forests 60151 Pernambuco coastal forests 60152 Pernambuco interior forests 60153 Peruvian Yungas 60154 Petén-Veracruz moist forests 60155 Puerto Rican moist forests 60156 Purus varzeá 60157 Purus-Madeira moist forests 60158 Rio Negro campinarana 60159 Santa Marta montane forests 60160 Serra do Mar coastal forests 60161 Sierra de los Tuxtlas 60162 Sierra Madre de Chiapas moist forests 60163 Solimões-Japurá moist forests 60164 South Florida rocklands 60165 Southern Andean Yungas 60166 Southwest Amazon moist forests 60167 Talamancan montane forests 60168 Tapajós-Xingu moist forests 60169 Pantepui 60170 Tocantins/Pindare moist forests 60171 Trinidad and Tobago moist forests 60172 Trindade-Martin Vaz Islands tropical forests 60173 Uatuma-Trombetas moist forests 60174 Ucayali moist forests 60175 Venezuelan Andes montane forests 60176 Veracruz moist forests 60177 Veracruz montane forests 60178 Western Ecuador moist forests 60179 Windward Islands moist forests 60180 Xingu-Tocantins-Araguaia moist forests 60181 Yucatán moist forests 60182 Guianan piedmont and lowland moist forests 60201 Apure-Villavicencio dry forests 60202 Atlantic dry forests 60204 Bajío dry forests 60205 Balsas dry forests 60206 Bolivian montane dry forests 60207 Cauca Valley dry forests 60209 Central American dry forests 60210 Dry Chaco 60211 Chiapas Depression dry forests 60212 Chiquitano dry forests 60213 Cuban dry forests 60214 Ecuadorian dry forests 60215 Hispaniolan dry forests 60216 Islas Revillagigedo dry forests 60217 Jalisco dry forests 60218 Jamaican dry forests 60219 Lara-Falcón dry forests 60220 Lesser Antillean dry forests 60221 Magdalena Valley dry forests 60222 Maracaibo dry forests 60223 Marañón dry forests 60224 Panamanian dry forests 60225 Patía Valley dry forests 60226 Puerto Rican dry forests 60227 Sierra de la Laguna dry forests 60228 Sinaloan dry forests 60229 Sinú Valley dry forests 60230 Southern Pacific dry forests 60232 Tumbes-Piura dry forests 60233 Veracruz dry forests 60235 Yucatán dry forests 60301 Bahamian pine mosaic 60302 Belizian pine forests 60303 Central American pine-oak forests 60304 Cuban pine forests 60305 Hispaniolan pine forests 60306 Miskito pine forests 60307 Sierra de la Laguna pine-oak forests 60308 Sierra Madre de Oaxaca pine-oak forests 60309 Sierra Madre del Sur pine-oak forests 60310 Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt pine-oak forests 60401 Juan Fernández Islands temperate forests 60402 Magellanic subpolar forests 60403 San Félix-San Ambrosio Islands temperate forests 60404 Valdivian temperate forests 60702 Beni savanna 60703 Campos Rupestres montane savanna 60704 Cerrado 60705 Clipperton Island shrub and grasslands 60707 Guianan savanna 60708 Humid Chaco 60709 Llanos 60710 Uruguayan savanna 60801 Espinal 60802 Low Monte 60803 Humid Pampas 60805 Patagonian steppe 60902 Cuban wetlands 60903 Enriquillo wetlands 60904 Everglades 60905 Guayaquil flooded grasslands 60906 Orinoco wetlands 60907 Pantanal 60908 Paraná flooded savanna 60909 Southern Cone Mesopotamian savanna 61001 Central Andean dry puna 61002 Central Andean puna 61003 Central Andean wet puna 61004 Cordillera Central páramo 61005 Cordillera de Merida páramo 61006 Northern Andean páramo 61007 Santa Marta páramo 61008 Southern Andean steppe 61010 High Monte 61201 Chilean matorral 61301 Araya and Paria xeric scrub 61303 Atacama desert 61304 Caatinga 61305 Caribbean shrublands 61306 Cuban cactus scrub 61307 Galápagos Islands scrubland mosaic 61308 Guajira-Barranquilla xeric scrub 61309 La Costa xeric shrublands 61311 Malpelo Island xeric scrub 61312 Motagua Valley thornscrub 61313 Paraguana xeric scrub 61314 San Lucan xeric scrub 61315 Sechura desert 61316 Tehuacán Valley matorral 61318 St. Peter and St. Paul rocks 61401 Amazon-Orinoco-Southern Caribbean mangroves 61402 Bahamian-Antillean mangroves 61403 Mesoamerican Gulf-Caribbean mangroves 61404 Northern Mesoamerican Pacific mangroves 61405 South American Pacific mangroves 61406 Southern Atlantic mangroves 61407 Southern Mesoamerican Pacific mangroves 70101 Carolines tropical moist forests 70102 Central Polynesian tropical moist forests 70103 Cook Islands tropical moist forests 70104 Eastern Micronesia tropical moist forests 70105 Fiji tropical moist forests 70106 Hawaii tropical moist forests 70107 Kermadec Islands subtropical moist forests 70108 Marquesas tropical moist forests 70109 Ogasawara subtropical moist forests 70110 Palau tropical moist forests 70111 Rapa Nui subtropical broadleaf forests 70112 Samoan tropical moist forests 70113 Society Islands tropical moist forests 70114 Tongan tropical moist forests 70115 Tuamotu tropical moist forests 70116 Tubuai tropical moist forests 70117 Western Polynesian tropical moist forests 70201 Fiji tropical dry forests 70202 Hawaii tropical dry forests 70203 Marianas tropical dry forests 70204 Yap tropical dry forests 70701 Hawaii tropical high shrublands 70702 Hawaii tropical low shrublands 70703 Northwestern Hawaii scrub 80101 Guizhou Plateau broadleaf and mixed forests 80102 Yunnan Plateau subtropical evergreen forests 80401 Appenine deciduous montane forests 80402 Atlantic mixed forests 80403 Azores temperate mixed forests 80404 Balkan mixed forests 80405 Baltic mixed forests 80406 Cantabrian mixed forests 80407 Caspian Hyrcanian mixed forests 80408 Caucasus mixed forests 80409 Celtic broadleaf forests 80410 Central Anatolian steppe and woodlands 80411 Central China loess plateau mixed forests 80412 Central European mixed forests 80413 Central Korean deciduous forests 80414 Changbai Mountains mixed forests 80415 Changjiang Plain evergreen forests 80416 Crimean Submediterranean forest complex 80417 Daba Mountains evergreen forests 80418 Dinaric Mountains mixed forests 80419 East European forest steppe 80420 Eastern Anatolian deciduous forests 80421 English Lowlands beech forests 80422 Euxine-Colchic broadleaf forests 80423 Hokkaido deciduous forests 80424 Huang He Plain mixed forests 80425 Madeira evergreen forests 80426 Manchurian mixed forests 80427 Nihonkai evergreen forests 80428 Nihonkai montane deciduous forests 80429 North Atlantic moist mixed forests 80430 Northeast China Plain deciduous forests 80431 Pannonian mixed forests 80432 Po Basin mixed forests 80433 Pyrenees conifer and mixed forests 80434 Qin Ling Mountains deciduous forests 80435 Rodope montane mixed forests 80436 Sarmatic mixed forests 80437 Sichuan Basin evergreen broadleaf forests 80438 South Sakhalin-Kurile mixed forests 80439 Southern Korea evergreen forests 80440 Taiheiyo evergreen forests 80441 Taiheiyo montane deciduous forests 80442 Tarim Basin deciduous forests and steppe 80443 Ussuri broadleaf and mixed forests 80444 Western Siberian hemiboreal forests 80445 Western European broadleaf forests 80446 Zagros Mountains forest steppe 80501 Alps conifer and mixed forests 80502 Altai montane forest and forest steppe 80503 Caledon conifer forests 80504 Carpathian montane forests 80505 Da Hinggan-Dzhagdy Mountains conifer forests 80506 East Afghan montane conifer forests 80507 Elburz Range forest steppe 80508 Helanshan montane conifer forests 80509 Hengduan Mountains subalpine conifer forests 80510 Hokkaido montane conifer forests 80511 Honshu alpine conifer forests 80512 Khangai Mountains conifer forests 80513 Mediterranean conifer and mixed forests 80514 Northeastern Himalayan subalpine conifer forests 80515 Northern Anatolian conifer and deciduous forests 80516 Nujiang Langcang Gorge alpine conifer and mixed forests 80517 Qilian Mountains conifer forests 80518 Qionglai-Minshan conifer forests 80519 Sayan montane conifer forests 80520 Scandinavian coastal conifer forests 80521 Tian Shan montane conifer forests 80601 East Siberian taiga 80602 Iceland boreal birch forests and alpine tundra 80603 Kamchatka-Kurile meadows and sparse forests 80604 Kamchatka-Kurile taiga 80605 Northeast Siberian taiga 80606 Okhotsk-Manchurian taiga 80607 Sakhalin Island taiga 80608 Scandinavian and Russian taiga 80609 Trans-Baikal conifer forests 80610 Ural montane forests and tundra 80611 West Siberian taiga 80801 Alai-Western Tian Shan steppe 80802 Altai steppe and semi-desert 80803 Central Anatolian steppe 80804 Daurian forest steppe 80805 Eastern Anatolian montane steppe 80806 Emin Valley steppe 80807 Faroe Islands boreal grasslands 80808 Gissaro-Alai open woodlands 80809 Kazakh forest steppe 80810 Kazakh steppe 80811 Kazakh upland 80812 Middle East steppe 80813 Mongolian-Manchurian grassland 80814 Pontic steppe 80815 Sayan Intermontane steppe 80816 Selenge-Orkhon forest steppe 80817 South Siberian forest steppe 80818 Tian Shan foothill arid steppe 80901 Amur meadow steppe 80902 Bohai Sea saline meadow 80903 Nenjiang River grassland 80904 Nile Delta flooded savanna 80905 Saharan halophytics 80906 Tigris-Euphrates alluvial salt marsh 80907 Suiphun-Khanka meadows and forest meadows 80908 Yellow Sea saline meadow 81001 Altai alpine meadow and tundra 81002 Central Tibetan Plateau alpine steppe 81003 Eastern Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows 81004 Ghorat-Hazarajat alpine meadow 81005 Hindu Kush alpine meadow 81006 Karakoram-West Tibetan Plateau alpine steppe 81007 Khangai Mountains alpine meadow 81008 Kopet Dag woodlands and forest steppe 81009 Kuh Rud and Eastern Iran montane woodlands 81010 Mediterranean High Atlas juniper steppe 81011 North Tibetan Plateau-Kunlun Mountains alpine desert 81012 Northwestern Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows 81013 Ordos Plateau steppe 81014 Pamir alpine desert and tundra 81015 Qilian Mountains subalpine meadows 81016 Sayan Alpine meadows and tundra 81017 Southeast Tibet shrublands and meadows 81018 Sulaiman Range alpine meadows 81019 Tian Shan montane steppe and meadows 81020 Tibetan Plateau alpine shrublands and meadows 81021 Western Himalayan alpine shrub and Meadows 81022 Yarlung Tsangpo arid steppe 81101 Arctic desert 81102 Bering tundra 81103 Cherskii-Kolyma mountain tundra 81104 Chukchi Peninsula tundra 81105 Kamchatka Mountain tundra and forest tundra 81106 Kola Peninsula tundra 81107 Northeast Siberian coastal tundra 81108 Northwest Russian-Novaya Zemlya tundra 81109 Novosibirsk Islands arctic desert 81110 Scandinavian Montane Birch forest and grasslands 81111 Taimyr-Central Siberian tundra 81112 Trans-Baikal Bald Mountain tundra 81113 Wrangel Island arctic desert 81114 Yamal-Gydan tundra 81201 Aegean and Western Turkey sclerophyllous and mixed forests 81202 Anatolian conifer and deciduous mixed forests 81203 Canary Islands dry woodlands and forests 81204 Corsican montane broadleaf and mixed forests 81205 Crete Mediterranean forests 81206 Cyprus Mediterranean forests 81207 Eastern Mediterranean conifer-sclerophyllous-broadleaf forests 81208 Iberian conifer forests 81209 Iberian sclerophyllous and semi-deciduous forests 81210 Illyrian deciduous forests 81211 Italian sclerophyllous and semi-deciduous forests 81212 Mediterranean acacia-argania dry woodlands and succulent thickets 81213 Mediterranean dry woodlands and steppe 81214 Mediterranean woodlands and forests 81215 Northeastern Spain and Southern France Mediterranean forests 81216 Northwest Iberian montane forests 81217 Pindus Mountains mixed forests 81218 South Appenine mixed montane forests 81219 Southeastern Iberian shrubs and woodlands 81220 Southern Anatolian montane conifer and deciduous forests 81221 Southwest Iberian Mediterranean sclerophyllous and mixed forests 81222 Tyrrhenian-Adriatic Sclerophyllous and mixed forests 81301 Afghan Mountains semi-desert 81302 Alashan Plateau semi-desert 81303 Arabian Desert and East Sahero-Arabian xeric shrublands 81304 Atlantic coastal desert 81305 Azerbaijan shrub desert and steppe 81306 Badghyz and Karabil semi-desert 81307 Baluchistan xeric woodlands 81308 Caspian lowland desert 81309 Central Afghan Mountains xeric woodlands 81310 Central Asian northern desert 81311 Central Asian riparian woodlands 81312 Central Asian southern desert 81313 Central Persian desert basins 81314 Eastern Gobi desert steppe 81315 Gobi Lakes Valley desert steppe 81316 Great Lakes Basin desert steppe 81317 Junggar Basin semi-desert 81318 Kazakh semi-desert 81319 Kopet Dag semi-desert 81320 Mesopotamian shrub desert 81321 North Saharan steppe and woodlands 81322 Paropamisus xeric woodlands 81323 Persian Gulf desert and semi-desert 81324 Qaidam Basin semi-desert 81325 Red Sea Nubo-Sindian tropical desert and semi-desert 81326 Registan-North Pakistan sandy desert 81327 Sahara desert 81328 South Iran Nubo-Sindian desert and semi-desert 81329 South Saharan steppe and woodlands 81330 Taklimakan desert 81331 Tibesti-Jebel Uweinat montane xeric woodlands 81332 West Saharan montane xeric woodlands 81333 Red Sea coastal desert Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Proportion of land area used for agriculture (circa 2000) CROPLAND reports the proportion of land that is planted in crops, for a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The statistics reported in CROPLAND are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. CROPLAND is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. CROPLAND, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Proportion of land area used for pastureland (circa 2000) PASTURELAND reports the proportion of land that is used as pasture, for a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The pasture area statistics reported in PASTURELAND are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. PASTURELAND is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. PASTURELAND, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS NDVI monthly time-series NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) consists of a set of 72 variables. These variables report the maximum NDVI value within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster for the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, the month of the survey start date, and the 11 individual months following the survey start date. NDVI is a numeric, normalized index that measures live greenness in an area and can be used as a proxy for vegetation. Hypothetically, NDVI values can range from -1.0 to 1.0. The IPUMS-DHS NDVI metric captures the maximum value of NDVI within the 10-kilometer buffer area (i.e., which pixel in the buffer has the maximum NDVI value for a given month), so the values in IPUMS-DHS for NDVI range from 0 to 1. By adding NDVI to your data cart, you are in effect adding 72 separate variables for: the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, denoted by the number of months prior to the survey start date (e.g., NDVI_01 is the maximum NDVI in the month before the survey start date; NDVI_60 is the maximum NDVI in the 60th month before the survey start date) the month of the survey start date (NDVI_00) the 11 individual months following the month of the survey start date, denoted by the number of months following the month of the survey start date (e.g., NDVI_A01 is the maximum NDVI in the month following the month of the survey start date) The source data for NDVI come fromÂ the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS [URL omitted from DDI.])Â dataset, which covers the period February 2000 to October 2018. Only IPUMS-DHS samples whose data collection period overlapped with February 2000 or later are included in the NDVI variable (e.g., Bangladesh 2000). Note, however, that a sample fielded beginning in February 2000 would have non-missing NDVI values for the survey start month and the 11 following months, but would have only missing data values for the 60 months preceding the survey start date. Researchers who need NDVI values for the full 5 years preceding the survey start--for example, to relate to health outcomes for children under age 5--should restrict their analysis to samples fielded from February 2005 forward. NDVI, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 NDVI available Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 60 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 59 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 58 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 57 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 56 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 55 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 54 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 53 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 52 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 51 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 50 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 49 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 48 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 47 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 46 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 45 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 44 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 43 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 42 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 41 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 40 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 39 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 38 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 37 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 36 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 35 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 34 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 33 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 32 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 31 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 30 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 29 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 28 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 27 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 26 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 25 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 24 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 23 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 22 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 21 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 20 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 19 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 18 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 17 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 16 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 15 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 14 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 13 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 12 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 11 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 10 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 9 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 8 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 7 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 6 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 5 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 4 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 3 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 2 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 1 month before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI month of survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 1 month after survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 2 months after survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 3 months after survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 4 months after survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 5 months after survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 6 months after survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 7 months after survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 8 months after survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 9 months after survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 10 months after survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 11 months after survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation monthly time-series PRECIP consists of a set of 72 separate variables. These variables report the average precipitation in millimeters, received within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, for the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, the month of the survey start date, and the 11 individual months following the survey start date. Note that "average" precipitation here refers to averaging the monthly precipitation values for the various subareas included in the buffer zone. By adding PRECIP to your data cart, you are in effect adding 72 separate variables for: the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, denoted by the number of months prior to the survey start date (e.g., PRECIP_01 is the average precipitation in the month before the survey start date; PRECIP_60 is the average precipitation in the 60th month before the survey start date); the month of the survey start date (PRECIP_00); the 11 individual months following the month of the survey start date, denoted by the number of months following the month of the survey start date (e.g., PRECIP_A01 is the average precipitation in the month following the month of the survey start date). The full set of monthly precipitation data, from January 1981 through August 2018, is available on the IPUMS-DHS contextual variables downloads [URL omitted from DDI.] page. Users can merge the precipitation data, available in csv format, with their IPUMS-DHS data extract to create average or total precipitation variables (e.g., average January precipitation, total 2017 precipitation), for the time frame suited to their research question. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 PRECIP available Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 60 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 59 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 58 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 57 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 56 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 55 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 54 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 53 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 52 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 51 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 50 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 49 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 48 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 47 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 46 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 45 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 44 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 43 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 42 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 41 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 40 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 39 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 38 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 37 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 36 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 35 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 34 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 33 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 32 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 31 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 30 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 29 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 28 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 27 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 26 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 25 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 24 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 23 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 22 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 21 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 20 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 19 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 18 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 17 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 16 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 15 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 14 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 13 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 12 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 11 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 10 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 9 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 8 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 7 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 6 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 5 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 4 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 3 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 2 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 1 month before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation month of survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 1 month after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 2 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 3 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 4 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 5 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 6 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 7 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 8 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 9 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 10 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 11 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum monthly temperature TEMPMIN consists of a set of 72 separate variables reporting minimum monthly temperatures. These variables report the average minimum temperature in kelvin scale, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, for the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, the month of the survey start date, and the 11 individual months following the survey start date. Note that "average" minimum temperature here refers to averaging the minimum temperature values for the various subareas included in the buffer zone. By adding TEMPMIN to your data cart, you are in effect adding 72 separate variables for: the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, denoted by the number of months prior to the survey start date (e.g., TEMPMIN_01 is the average minimum temperature in the month before the survey start date; TEMPMIN _60 is the average minimum temperature in the 60th month before the survey start date) the month of the survey start date (TEMPMIN _00) the 11 individual months following the month of the survey start date, denoted by the number of months following the month of the survey start date (e.g., TEMPMIN_A01 is the average minimum temperature in the month following the month of the survey start date) The full set of monthly temperature data, from January 1980 through December 2016, is available on the IPUMS-DHS contextual variables downloads [URL omitted from DDI.] page. Users can merge the temperature data, available in csv format, with their IPUMS-DHS data extract to create average or total precipitation variables (e.g., average minimum January temperature), for the time frame suited to their research question. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 TEMPMAX available Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 60 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 59 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 58 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 57 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 56 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 55 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 54 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 53 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 52 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 51 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 50 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 49 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 48 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 47 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 46 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 45 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 44 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 43 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 42 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 41 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 40 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 39 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 38 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 37 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 36 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 35 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 34 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 33 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 32 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 31 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 30 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 29 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 28 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 27 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 26 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 25 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 24 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 23 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 22 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 21 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 20 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 19 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 18 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 17 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 16 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 15 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 14 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 13 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 12 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 11 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 10 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 9 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 8 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 7 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 6 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 5 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 4 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 3 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 2 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 1 month before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature month of survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 1 month after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 2 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 3 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 4 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 5 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 6 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 7 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 8 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 9 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 10 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 11 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum monthly temperature TEMPMAX consists of a set of 72 separate variables reporting maximum monthly temperatures. These variables report the average maximum temperature in kelvin scale, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, for the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, the month of the survey start date, and the 11 individual months following the survey start date. Note that "average" maximum temperature here refers to averaging the maximum temperature values for the various subareas included in the buffer zone. By adding TEMPMAX to your data cart, you are in effect adding 72 separate variables for: the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, denoted by the number of months prior to the survey start date (e.g., TEMPMAX_01 is the average maximum temperature in the month before the survey start date; TEMPMAX _60 is the average maximum temperature in the 60th month before the survey start date) the month of the survey start date (TEMPMAX _00) the 11 individual months following the month of the survey start date, denoted by the number of months following the month of the survey start date (e.g., TEMPMAX_A01 is the average maximum temperature in the month following the month of the survey start date). The full set of monthly temperature data, from January 1980 through December 2016, is available on the IPUMS-DHS contextual variables downloads [URL omitted from DDI.] page. Users can merge the temperature data, available in csv format, with their IPUMS-DHS data extract to create average or total precipitation variables (e.g., average maximum July temperature), for the time frame suited to their research question. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 TEMPMAX available Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 60 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 59 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 58 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 57 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 56 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 55 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 54 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 53 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 52 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 51 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 50 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 49 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 48 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 47 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 46 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 45 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 44 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 43 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 42 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 41 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 40 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 39 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 38 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 37 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 36 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 35 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 34 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 33 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 32 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 31 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 30 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 29 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 28 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 27 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 26 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 25 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 24 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 23 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 22 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 21 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 20 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 19 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 18 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 17 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 16 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 15 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 14 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 13 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 12 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 11 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 10 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 9 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 8 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 7 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 6 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 5 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 4 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 3 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 2 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 1 month before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature month of survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 1 month after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 2 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 3 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 4 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 5 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 6 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 7 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 8 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 9 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 10 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 11 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Population density quinquennial time-series (2000-2020) POPDENSITY consists of a set of 5 separate variables. These variables report the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. By adding POPDENSITY to your data cart, you are in effect adding 5 separate variables (POPDENSITY_2000 - POPDENSITY_2020), one variable for each month. Values for POPDENSITY are based onÂ population projections from the results of the 2000 and 2010 rounds of censuses. POPDENSITY variables can be used as indicators of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, for greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. POPDENSITY, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 POPDENSITY available Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2000 POPDENSITY_2000 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2000. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2000 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2000 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2000 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2005 POPDENSITY_2005 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2005. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2005 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2005 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2005 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2010 POPDENSITY_2010 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2010. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2010 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2010 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2010 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2015 POPDENSITY_2015 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2015. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2015 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2015 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2015 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2020 POPDENSITY_2020 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2020. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2020 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2020 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Values for POPDENSITY_2020 are based on population projections from the results of the 2010 round of censuses, which occurred between 2005 and 2014. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2020 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area barley (in 2000) BARLEY_H reports total harvested area dedicated to barley, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in BARLEY_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable BARLEY_P reports total crop production of barley, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. BARLEY_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area cassava (in 2000) CASSAVA_H reports total harvested area dedicated to cassava, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in CASSAVA_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable CASSAVA_P reports total crop production of cassava, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. CASSAVA_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area cotton (in 2000) COTTON_H reports total harvested area dedicated to cotton, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in COTTON_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable COTTON_P reports total crop production of cotton, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. COTTON_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area groundnuts (in 2000) GROUNDNUT_H reports total harvested area dedicated to groundnuts, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in GROUNDNUT_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable GROUNDNUT_P reports total crop production of groundnuts, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. GROUNDNUT_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area maize (in 2000) MAIZE_H reports total harvested area dedicated to maize, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in MAIZE_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable MAIZE_P reports total crop production of maize, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. MAIZE_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area millet (in 2000) MILLET_H reports total harvested area dedicated to millet, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in MILLET_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable MILLET_P reports total crop production of millet, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. MILLET_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area oilpalm (in 2000) OILPALM_H reports total harvested area dedicated to oil palm, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in OILPALM_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable OILPALM_P reports total crop production of oil palm, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. OILPALM_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area potatoes (in 2000) POTATO_H reports total harvested area dedicated to potatoes, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in POTATO_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable POTATO_P reports total crop production of potatoes, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. POTATO_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area rapeseed (in 2000) RAPESEED_H reports total harvested area dedicated to rapeseed, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in RAPESEED_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RAPESEED_P reports total crop production of rapeseed, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RAPESEED_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area rice (in 2000) RICE_H reports total harvested area dedicated to rice, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in RICE_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RICE_P reports total crop production of rice, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RICE_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area sorghum (in 2000) SORGHUM_H reports total harvested area dedicated to sorghum, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SORGHUM_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SORGHUM_P reports total crop production of sorghum, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SORGHUM_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area soybeans (in 2000) SOYBEAN_H reports total harvested area dedicated to soybeans, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SOYBEAN_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SOYBEAN_P reports total crop production of soybean, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SOYBEAN_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area sugarbeets (in 2000) SUGARBEET_H reports total harvested area dedicated to sugar beets, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SUGARBEET_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUGARBEET_P reports total crop production of sugar beets, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUGARBEET_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area sugarcane (in 2000) SUGARCANE_H reports total harvested area dedicated to sugar cane, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SUGARCANE_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUGARCANE_P reports total crop production of sugar cane, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUGARCANE_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area sunflowers (in 2000) SUNFLOWER_H reports total harvested area dedicated to sunflowers, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SUNFLOWER_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUNFLOWER_P reports total crop production of sunflowers, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUNFLOWER_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area wheat (in 2000) WHEAT_H reports total harvested area dedicated to wheat, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in WHEAT_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable WHEAT_P reports total crop production of wheat, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. WHEAT_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area rye (in 2000) RYE_H reports total harvested area dedicated to rye, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in RYE_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RYE_P reports total crop production of rye, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RYE_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total barley production (in 2000) BARLEY_P reports the total crop production of barley, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in BARLEY_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable BARLEY_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to barley, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. BARLEY_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total cassava production (in 2000) CASSAVA_P reports the total crop production of cassava, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in CASSAVA_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable CASSAVA_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to cassava, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. CASSAVA_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total cotton production (in 2000) COTTON_P reports the total crop production of cotton, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in COTTON_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable COTTON_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to cotton, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. COTTON_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total groundnut production (in 2000) GROUNDNUT_P reports the total crop production of groundnuts, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in GROUNDNUT_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable GROUNDNUT_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to groundnuts, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. GROUNDNUT_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total maize production (in 2000) MAIZE_P reports the total crop production of maize, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in MAIZE_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable MAIZE_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to maize, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. MAIZE_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total millet production (in 2000) MILLET_P reports the total crop production of millet, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in MILLET_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable MILLET_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to millet, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. MILLET_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total oilpalm production (in 2000) OILPALM_P reports the total crop production of oil palm, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in OILPALM_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable OILPALM_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to oil palm, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. OILPALM_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total potato production (in 2000) POTATO_P reports the total crop production of potatoes, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in POTATO_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable POTATO_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to potatoes, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. POTATO_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total rapeseed production (in 2000) RAPESEED_P reports the total crop production of rapeseed, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in RAPESEED_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RAPESEED_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to rapeseed, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RAPESEED_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total rice production (in 2000) RICE_P reports the total crop production of rice, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in RICE_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RICE_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to rice, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RICE_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total sorghum production (in 2000) SORGHUM_P reports the total crop production of sorghum, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SORGHUM_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SORGHUM_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to sorghum, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SORGHUM_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total soybean production (in 2000) SOYBEAN_P reports the total crop production of soybeans, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SOYBEAN_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SOYBEAN_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to soybeans, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SOYBEAN_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total sugarbeet production (in 2000) SUGARBEET_P reports the total crop production of sugar beets, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SUGARBEET_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUGARBEET_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to sugar beets, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUGARBEET_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total sugarcane production (in 2000) SUGARCANE_P reports the total crop production of sugar cane, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SUGARCANE_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUGARCANE_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to sugar cane, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUGARCANE_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total sunflower production (in 2000) SUNFLOWER_P reports the total crop production of sunflowers, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SUNFLOWER_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUNFLOWER_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to sunflowers, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUNFLOWER_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total wheat production (in 2000) WHEAT_P reports the total crop production of wheat, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in WHEAT_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable WHEAT_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to wheat, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. WHEAT_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total rye production (in 2000) RYE_P reports the total crop production of rye, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in RYE_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RYE_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to rye, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RYE_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS IPUMS-DHS sample identifier SAMPLE identifies the DHS sample from which the case is drawn. Each sample receives a unique 5-digit code. The first three digits are ISO/UN codes used in COUNTRY, and the last two digits identify the sample within the country, ordered by survey year. The related variable SAMPLESTR is a string variable that identifies the DHS sample with the same 5-digit code. 00101 Model 2015 00401 Afghanistan 2015 02401 Angola 2015 05001 Bangladesh 1994 05002 Bangladesh 1996-97 05003 Bangladesh 1999-00 05004 Bangladesh 2004 05005 Bangladesh 2007 05006 Bangladesh 2011 05007 Bangladesh 2014 10401 Myanmar 2015 10801 Burundi 1987 10802 Burundi 2010 10803 Burundi 2016 11601 Cambodia 2000 11602 Cambodia 2005 11603 Cambodia 2010 11604 Cambodia 2014 12001 Cameroon 1991 12002 Cameroon 1998 12003 Cameroon 2004 12004 Cameroon 2011 14801 Chad 1996-97 14802 Chad 2004 14803 Chad 2014 18001 Congo Democratic Republic 2007 18002 Congo Democratic Republic 2013-14 20401 Benin 1996 20402 Benin 2001 20403 Benin 2006 20404 Benin 2011 23101 Ethiopia 2000 23102 Ethiopia 2005 23103 Ethiopia 2011 23104 Ethiopia 2016 28801 Ghana 1988 28802 Ghana 1993 28803 Ghana 1998 28804 Ghana 2003 28805 Ghana 2008 28806 Ghana 2014 32001 Guatemala 1987 32002 Guatemala 1995 32003 Guatemala 2015 32401 Guinea 1999 32402 Guinea 2005 32403 Guinea 2012 35601 India 1992-93 35602 India 1998-99 35603 India 2005-06 35604 India 2015-16 38401 Cote d'Ivoire 1994 38402 Cote d'Ivoire 1998 38403 Cote d'Ivoire 2011 40001 Jordan 1990 40002 Jordan 1997 40003 Jordan 2002 40004 Jordan 2007 40005 Jordan 2009 40006 Jordan 2012 40007 Jordan 2017-18 40401 Kenya 1989 40402 Kenya 1993 40403 Kenya 1998 40404 Kenya 2003 40405 Kenya 2008-9 40406 Kenya 2014 42601 Lesotho 2004 42602 Lesotho 2009 42603 Lesotho 2014 45001 Madagascar 1992 45002 Madagascar 1997 45003 Madagascar 2003 45004 Madagascar 2008 45401 Malawi 1992 45402 Malawi 2000 45403 Malawi 2004 45404 Malawi 2010 45405 Malawi 2016 46601 Mali 1987 46602 Mali 1995-6 46603 Mali 2001 46604 Mali 2006 46605 Mali 2012 50401 Morocco 1987 50402 Morocco 1992 50403 Morocco 2003 50801 Mozambique 1997 50802 Mozambique 2003 50803 Mozambique 2011 51601 Namibia 1992 51602 Namibia 2000 51603 Namibia 2006 51604 Namibia 2013 52401 Nepal 1996 52402 Nepal 2001 52403 Nepal 2006 52404 Nepal 2011 52405 Nepal 2016 56201 Niger 1992 56202 Niger 1998 56203 Niger 2006 56204 Niger 2012 56601 Nigeria 1990 56602 Nigeria 1999 56603 Nigeria 2003 56604 Nigeria 2008 56605 Nigeria 2013 58601 Pakistan 1990-91 58602 Pakistan 2006-07 58603 Pakistan 2012-13 58604 Pakistan 2017-18 60401 Peru 1991-92 60402 Peru 1996 60403 Peru 2000 60404 Peru 2004-08 60405 Peru 2010 60406 Peru 2011 60407 Peru 2012 64601 Rwanda 1992 64602 Rwanda 2000 64603 Rwanda 2005 64604 Rwanda 2010 64605 Rwanda 2014 68601 Senegal 1986 68602 Senegal 1992-93 68603 Senegal 1997 68604 Senegal 2005 68605 Senegal 2010-11 68606 Senegal 2012-13 68607 Senegal 2014 68608 Senegal 2015 68609 Senegal 2016 68610 Senegal 2017 71001 South Africa 1998 71002 South Africa 2016 71601 Zimbabwe 1988 71602 Zimbabwe 1994 71603 Zimbabwe 1999 71604 Zimbabwe 2005-6 71605 Zimbabwe 2010-11 71606 Zimbabwe 2015 72901 Sudan 1989-90 78801 Tunisia 1988 79201 Turkey 1993 79202 Turkey 1998 79203 Turkey 2003 80001 Uganda 1988 80002 Uganda 1995 80003 Uganda 2001 80004 Uganda 2006 80005 Uganda 2011 80006 Uganda 2016 81801 Egypt 1988 81802 Egypt 1992 81803 Egypt 1995 81804 Egypt 2000 81805 Egypt 2005 81806 Egypt 2008 81807 Egypt 2014 83401 Tanzania 1991 83402 Tanzania 1996 83403 Tanzania 1999 83404 Tanzania 2004 83405 Tanzania 2010 83406 Tanzania 2015 85401 Burkina Faso 1993 85402 Burkina Faso 1998 85403 Burkina Faso 2003 85404 Burkina Faso 2010 88701 Yemen 1991-92 88702 Yemen 2013 89401 Zambia 1992 89402 Zambia 1996 89403 Zambia 2001 89404 Zambia 2007 89405 Zambia 2013 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS IPUMS-DHS sample identifier (string) SAMPLESTR is a string variable that identifies the DHS sample from which the case is drawn. Each sample receives a unique 5-digit code. The first three digits are ISO/UN codes used in COUNTRY, and the last two digits identify the sample within the country, ordered by survey year. The related variable SAMPLE is a numeric variable that identifies the DHS sample with the same 5-digit code. 11603 Cambodia 2010 11602 Cambodia 2005 11601 Cambodia 2000 10803 Burundi 2016 10802 Burundi 2010 10801 Burundi 1987 10401 Myanmar 2015 05007 Bangladesh 2014 05006 Bangladesh 2011 05005 Bangladesh 2007 05004 Bangladesh 2004 05003 Bangladesh 1999-00 05001 Bangladesh 1994 05002 Bangladesh 1996-97 14801 Chad 1996-97 12004 Cameroon 2011 12003 Cameroon 2004 14803 Chad 2014 18001 Congo Democratic Republic 2007 18002 Congo Democratic Republic 2013-14 20401 Benin 1996 81807 Egypt 2014 81806 Egypt 2008 81805 Egypt 2005 81804 Egypt 2000 81803 Egypt 1995 81802 Egypt 1992 81801 Egypt 1988 80006 Uganda 2016 80005 Uganda 2011 80004 Uganda 2006 80003 Uganda 2001 80002 Uganda 1995 80001 Uganda 1988 79203 Turkey 2003 79202 Turkey 1998 79201 Turkey 1993 78801 Tunisia 1988 72901 Sudan 1989-90 71606 Zimbabwe 2015 71605 Zimbabwe 2010-11 71604 Zimbabwe 2005-6 71603 Zimbabwe 1999 71602 Zimbabwe 1994 71601 Zimbabwe 1988 71001 South Africa 1998 68610 Senegal 2017 68609 Senegal 2016 68608 Senegal 2015 68607 Senegal 2014 14802 Chad 2004 68606 Senegal 2012-13 68605 Senegal 2010-11 68604 Senegal 2005 68603 Senegal 1997 68602 Senegal 1992-93 68601 Senegal 1986 64605 Rwanda 2014 64604 Rwanda 2010 64603 Rwanda 2005 64602 Rwanda 2000 64601 Rwanda 1992 60407 Peru 2012 60406 Peru 2011 60405 Peru 2010 60404 Peru 2004-08 60403 Peru 2000 60402 Peru 1996 60401 Peru 1991-92 58603 Pakistan 2012-13 58602 Pakistan 2006-07 58601 Pakistan 1990-91 56605 Nigeria 2013 56604 Nigeria 2008 56603 Nigeria 2003 56602 Nigeria 1999 56601 Nigeria 1990 56204 Niger 2012 56203 Niger 2006 56202 Niger 1998 12002 Cameroon 1998 12001 Cameroon 1991 11604 Cambodia 2014 02401 Angola 2015 00401 Afghanistan 2015 00101 Model 2015 56201 Niger 1992 52404 Nepal 2011 52403 Nepal 2006 52402 Nepal 2001 52401 Nepal 1996 51604 Namibia 2013 51603 Namibia 2006 51602 Namibia 2000 51601 Namibia 1992 50803 Mozambique 2011 50802 Mozambique 2003 50801 Mozambique 1997 50403 Morocco 2003 50402 Morocco 1992 50401 Morocco 1987 46605 Mali 2012 46604 Mali 2006 46603 Mali 2001 46602 Mali 1995-6 46601 Mali 1987 45405 Malawi 2016 45404 Malawi 2010 45403 Malawi 2004 45402 Malawi 2000 45401 Malawi 1992 45004 Madagascar 2008 45003 Madagascar 2003 45002 Madagascar 1997 45001 Madagascar 1992 42603 Lesotho 2014 42602 Lesotho 2009 42601 Lesotho 2004 40406 Kenya 2014 40405 Kenya 2008-9 40404 Kenya 2003 40403 Kenya 1998 40402 Kenya 1993 40401 Kenya 1989 40006 Jordan 2012 40005 Jordan 2009 40004 Jordan 2007 40003 Jordan 2002 40002 Jordan 1997 40001 Jordan 1990 38403 Cote d'Ivoire 2011 38402 Cote d'Ivoire 1998 38401 Cote d'Ivoire 1994 35604 India 2015-16 35603 India 2005-06 35602 India 1998-99 35601 India 1992-93 32403 Guinea 2012 32402 Guinea 2005 32401 Guinea 1999 32003 Guatemala 2015 32002 Guatemala 1995 32001 Guatemala 1987 28806 Ghana 2014 28805 Ghana 2008 28804 Ghana 2003 28803 Ghana 1998 28802 Ghana 1993 28801 Ghana 1988 23104 Ethiopia 2016 23103 Ethiopia 2011 23102 Ethiopia 2005 23101 Ethiopia 2000 20404 Benin 2011 20403 Benin 2006 20402 Benin 2001 83401 Tanzania 1991 83402 Tanzania 1996 83403 Tanzania 1999 83404 Tanzania 2004 83405 Tanzania 2010 83406 Tanzania 2015 85401 Burkina Faso 1993 85402 Burkina Faso 1998 85403 Burkina Faso 2003 85404 Burkina Faso 2010 88701 Yemen 1991-92 88702 Yemen 2013 89401 Zambia 1992 89402 Zambia 1996 89403 Zambia 2001 89404 Zambia 2007 89405 Zambia 2013 40007 Jordan 2017 52405 Nepal 2016 58604 Pakistan 2017-18 71002 South Africa 2016 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Country COUNTRY reports the country where the survey was fielded. The codes assigned to each country are those used by the UN Statistics Division and the ISO (International Organization for Standardization). 001 Model 004 Afghanistan 024 Angola 050 Bangladesh 104 Myanmar 108 Burundi 116 Cambodia 120 Cameroon 148 Chad 180 Congo Democratic Republic 204 Benin 231 Ethiopia 288 Ghana 320 Guatemala 324 Guinea 356 India 384 Cote d'Ivoire 400 Jordan 404 Kenya 426 Lesotho 450 Madagascar 454 Malawi 466 Mali 504 Morocco 508 Mozambique 516 Namibia 524 Nepal 562 Niger 566 Nigeria 586 Pakistan 604 Peru 646 Rwanda 686 Senegal 710 South Africa 716 Zimbabwe 729 Sudan 788 Tunisia 792 Turkey 800 Uganda 818 Egypt 834 Tanzania 854 Burkina Faso 887 Yemen 894 Zambia Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Year of sample YEAR reports the year when the survey was fielded, as a four-digit variable. In some cases, the DHS was conducted over the course of two years (e.g., Ethiopia 2010-2011), but YEAR always gives a single year. For full information about the timing of the surveys, please consult the IPUMS-DHS Sample Descriptions page. 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 2017 2017 2018 2018 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Unique cross-sample respondent identifier IDHSPID is an identifying number unique to person in a given sample. It is a concatenation of SAMPLE and CASEID. IDHSPID is a 22-character string variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Unique cross-sample household identifier IDHSHID is an identifying number unique to a specific household in a given sample. It is a concatenation of SAMPLE, CLUSTERNO and HHNUM. IDHSHID is a 19-character string variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Key to link DHS clusters to context data (string) DHSID is the 14-character DHS identification code for DHS clusters constructed from the 2-character country code, the 4-digit survey year, and the 8-digit cluster identification number. DHSID is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample and uniquely identifies clusters across samples. It serves as the unique linking key between IPUMS-DHS microdata and DHS cluster shapefiles. This is a 14-digit numeric variable with 0 implied decimal places Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Unique sample-case PSU identifier IDHSPSU is an identifying number unique to the primary sampling unit in a given sample. This variable is a concatenation of SAMPLE (which uniquely identifies each country- and year-specific sample) and PSU (the numbered primary sampling units within a given sample). Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Unique cross-sample sampling strata IDHSSTRATA is an identifying number unique to the sampling strata in a given sample. This variable is a concatenation of SAMPLE (which uniquely identifies each country- and year-specific sample) and STRATA (groups of geographically similar areas, from which primary sampling units are drawn). Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific respondent identifier MCASEID is the unique identifier for each man in the men's sample for a given sample year. Using MCASEID and CLUSTERNOMN (MV001), analysts can link IPUMS-DHS data to the original DHS datasets to attach variables that are not currently available in IPUMS-DHS. For example, researchers can use MCASEID and CLUSTERNOMN (MV001) to link variables from the IPUMS-DHS with other variables from the men's file to merge country-specific variables, or to the Household or Couples Recode file to attach variables that are not yet part of IPUMS-DHS. In most samples, users can identify men who are in the same household by using the first 12 characters of MCASEID (and CLUSTERNOMN (MV001)), as this indicates a unique household identifier. MCASEID is created by The DHS Program using the variables CLUSTERNOMN (MV001), HHNUMMN (MV002), and LINENOMN (MV003). The last three characters indicate the male respondent's line number in the household file. For instructions on how to create links between IPUMS-DHS data and DHS source data, see the User Note on "Merging IDHS and DHS Data." [URL omitted from DDI.] MCASEID is a 18-character string variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific household identifier HHID is an identifying number unique to each household in a given sample. HHID is a 15-character string variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific primary sampling unit PSUMN (MV021) is the variable indicating the primary sampling unit or PSU, for men's samples. It should be used along with the variable DOMAINMN (MV023) to account for the impact of the sample design clustering on the variance estimates and standard errors. The DHS Recode Manuals for Phase 2 forward describe this variable as follows: Primary sampling unit is a number assigned to sample points to identify the primary sampling units for use in the calculation of sampling errors. This variable is usually the same as the cluster number and/or the ultimate area unit, but may differ if the sample design required a multistage selection process. See the notes on DHS webpage "Using sample weights" [URL omitted from DDI.] on variance estimation for additional information. PSUMN (MV021) is a 6-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific sampling strata For men's samples, STRATAMN (MV022) defines the pairings or groupings of primary sampling units used in the calculation of sampling errors when using the Taylor series expansion method. In two-stage sampling, The DHS Program may first group small geographic areas, such as enumeration areas from the last census, into broad strata defined jointly by region and urban versus rural areas within a region. In the second stage of sampling, a subset of geographic areas (sample clusters) are selected as the sites for interviewing from within defined strata. STRATAMN is not the same as DOMAINMN (MV023). (Domains represent statistically representative areas for which valid summary statistics can be calculated for a survey, such as provinces and national urban versus rural combined areas, as described in the survey's final report.) The DHS Program recommends using STRATAMN along with the variable PSUMN (MV021) to account for the impact of the sample design clustering on the estimates of variance and standard errors, for men's samples. Users are strongly encouraged to review the FAQ section provided by The DHS Program on specifying stratification and clustering here [URL omitted from DDI.], using Stata or SPSS to account for sample design. STRATAMN (MV022) is a 5-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific domain For men's samples, DOMAINMN (MV023) defines the basic geographic units for which the sample was designed to yield representative estimates. The DHS Recode Manual describes DOMAIN as follows: For example, if the sample was designed to be self-weighting within region, this variable would define those regions; if the sample was designed to be self-weighting within major urban areas, other urban areas and rural areas, this variable would define the major urban, other urban and rural areas. If the sample is self-weighted at the national level, this variable is code 0. When national estimates are desired and analyzing men's samples, users should include survey design variables, including DOMAINMN (MV023) and PSUMN (MV021), and the correct sample weights (e.g., PERWEIGHTMN (MV005)) to adjust sampling errors to account for DHS' sample design. In most countries, DOMAIN (or DOMAINMN for men's samples) defines the stratification for the sample (generally either regional or national). However, some countries use two levels of stratification, such as region and urban/rural areas. Users should check for the correct stratification design by consulting the Final Report(s) for the sample(s) of interest (particularly the Introduction and Sample Design sections and Implementation Appendix). 99999 NIU (not in universe) Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Household number in cluster IDENTIFICATION DIVISION: DISTRICT: THANA: UNION OR WARD: VILLAGE OR MOHALLA OR BLOCK: CLUSTER NUMBER: HOUSEHOLD NUMBER: DHAKA/CHITTAGONG OR SMALL CITY OR TOWN OR VILLAGE? DHAKA OR CHITTAGONG 1 SMALL CITY 2 TOWN 3 VILLAGE 4 NAME OF HOUSEHOLD HEAD: NAME AND LINE NUMBER OF MAN: HHNUMMN (MV002) is the number identifying the household in which the male respondent was interviewed, within each men's sample. To identify unique households in most samples, researchers must use HHNUMMN with CLUSTERNOMN (MV001). For most samples, HHNUMMN (MV002) and CLUSTERNOMN (MV001) can be used to merge IPUMS-DHS data from the men's file to DHS Household Recode files, to incorporate household variables not yet available in the IPUMS-DHS. However, in some household files, HHNUM (V002) and CLUSTERNO (V001) do not uniquely identify households in the DHS Household Recode file. For information about the IPUMS-DHS samples where HHNUM and CLUSTERNO are not sufficient to uniquely identify households, and for guidance on what further steps to take for linking files in such cases, please consult the User Note on Linking. [URL omitted from DDI.] HHNUMMN is a 4-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific cluster number IDENTIFICATION DIVISION: DISTRICT: THANA: UNION OR WARD: VILLAGE OR MOHALLA OR BLOCK: CLUSTER NUMBER: HOUSEHOLD NUMBER: DHAKA/CHITTAGONG OR SMALL CITY OR TOWN OR VILLAGE? DHAKA OR CHITTAGONG 1 SMALL CITY 2 TOWN 3 VILLAGE 4 NAME OF HOUSEHOLD HEAD: NAME AND LINE NUMBER OF MAN: CLUSTERNOMN (MV001) reports the cluster number for de facto residence of the man in the men's sample. According to the DHS Sampling Manual, "A cluster is the smallest geographical survey statistical unit for DHS surveys. It consists of a number of adjacent households in a geographical area. For DHS surveys, a cluster corresponds either to an [enumeration area], or a segment of a large [enumeration area]." The most recent census for a country, which divided all territory into enumeration areas to ensure full coverage of the population, often provides the sampling frame for a DHS survey. CLUSTERNOMN is the variable indicating the primary sampling unit or PSU. It should be used along with the variable STRATAMN (MV022) to account for the impact of the sample design clustering on the estimates of variance and standard errors. See the notes on DHS webpage "Use sample weights" [URL omitted from DDI.] on variance estimation for additional information. CLUSTERNOMN (MV001) and HHNUMMN (MV002) can be used to merge the men's sample file to the household recode file. See the DHS webpage Merging Datasets [URL omitted from DDI.] on variables to be used for linking data sets. CLUSTERNOMN is an 8 digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific ultimate area unit For men's samples, ULTAREAUNITMN (MV004) reports the ultimate area unit for the man's de facto residence. According to the DHS recode manuals, ULTAREAUNIT is a number assigned to each sample point to identify the ultimate area units in the collection of data. It is usually the same as the cluster number [CLUSTERNO (V001)], but may be a sequentially numbered variable for samples with a more complicated structure. ULTAREAUNITMN can be used to account for the impact of the sampling design clustering on the variance estimates and standard errors. ULTAREAUNITMN (MV004) is a 4-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Household line number of man respondent IDENTIFICATION DIVISION: DISTRICT: THANA: UNION OR WARD: VILLAGE OR MOHALLA OR BLOCK: CLUSTER NUMBER: HOUSEHOLD NUMBER: DHAKA/CHITTAGONG OR SMALL CITY OR TOWN OR VILLAGE? DHAKA OR CHITTAGONG 1 SMALL CITY 2 TOWN 3 VILLAGE 4 NAME OF HOUSEHOLD HEAD: NAME AND LINE NUMBER OF MAN: LINENOMN (MV003) reports the number of the line on which the DHS interviewer recorded the man's name, when filling out the household schedule. After asking "Please give me the names of the persons who usually live in your household or are staying with you now, starting with the head of the household," the interviewer recorded each name in turn on successively numbered lines printed on the household survey form. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Respondent's line number (answering Household questionnaire) INTERVIEWER VISITS FIRST VISIT (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD VISITS) DATE INTERVIEWER'S NAME RESULT* 1 COMPLETED 2 NO HOUSEHOLD MEMBER AT HOME OR NO COMPETENT RESPONDENT AT HOME AT TIME OF VISIT 3 ENTIRE HOUSEHOLD ABSENT FOR EXTENDED PERIOD OF TIME 4 POSTPONED 5 REFUSED 6 DWELLING VACANT OR ADDRESS NOT A DWELLING 7 DWELLING DESTROYED 8 DWELLING NOT FOUND 9 OTHER (SPECIFY) NEXT VISIT DATE TIME FINAL VISIT DAY MONTH YEAR INTERVIEWER'S CODE RESULT* TOTAL NUMBER OF VISITS: TOTAL PERSONS IN HOUSEHOLD: TOTAL ELIGIBLE WOMEN: TOTAL ELIGIBLE MEN: LINE NUMBER OF RESPONDENT TO HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULE: LINENOHHRESP (HV003) reports the line number in the household schedule of the person responding to the questions asked in the household questionnaire. If nobody in the household was available for the interview, this variable is coded "00." 00 Not in household 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 98 Missing Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Men's sample weight PERWEIGHTMN (MV005) is an 8-digit variable with 6 implied decimal places, which should be used as a weighting factor to produce representative numbers accurately describing the surveyed population in men's samples. While the DHS Recode Manuals direct the researcher to divide the original weight variable by 1,000,000 before applying the weighting factor to the original DHS data files, it is not necessary to modify the value of PERWEIGHTMN before applying this weight to cases in IPUMS-DHS. PERWEIGHTMN should be used to weight nearly all tabulations made using IPUMS-DHS data from the men's samples. Note: The 6 implied decimal places in PERWEIGHTMN mean that the last six digits of the eight-digit variable are decimal digits, but there is no actual decimal in the data. PERWEIGHTMN is an 8-digit numeric variable with 6 implied decimal places. See the variable description for directions on the use of PERWEIGHTMN. Weights and subsample selection Variables -- TOPICS Year of interview INTERVIEWER VISITS FIRST VISIT (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD VISITS) DATE INTERVIEWER'S NAME RESULT* 1 COMPLETED 2 NOT AT HOME 3 POSTPONED 4 REFUSED 5 PARTLY COMPLETED 6 RESPONDENT INCAPACITATED 7 OTHER (SPECIFY) NEXT VISIT DATE TIME FINAL VISIT DAY MONTH 01 JANUARY 02 FEBRUARY 03 MARCH 04 APRIL 05 MAY 06 JUNE 07 JULY 08 AUGUST 09 SEPTEMBER 10 OCTOBER 11 NOVEMBER 12 DECEMBER YEAR CODE RESULT* INTYEARMN (MV007) reports the year when the interview with the male respondent took place. The dates reported in INTYEARMN are based on the Gregorian calendar. 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 2017 2017 2018 2018 Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Month of interview INTERVIEWER VISITS FIRST VISIT (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD VISITS) DATE INTERVIEWER'S NAME RESULT* 1 COMPLETED 2 NOT AT HOME 3 POSTPONED 4 REFUSED 5 PARTLY COMPLETED 6 RESPONDENT INCAPACITATED 7 OTHER (SPECIFY) NEXT VISIT DATE TIME FINAL VISIT DAY MONTH 01 JANUARY 02 FEBRUARY 03 MARCH 04 APRIL 05 MAY 06 JUNE 07 JULY 08 AUGUST 09 SEPTEMBER 10 OCTOBER 11 NOVEMBER 12 DECEMBER YEAR CODE RESULT* MONTHINTMN (MV006) reports the month when the interview with the male respondent took place. 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Day of interview INTERVIEWER VISITS FIRST VISIT (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD VISITS) DATE INTERVIEWER'S NAME RESULT* 1 COMPLETED 2 NOT AT HOME 3 POSTPONED 4 REFUSED 5 PARTLY COMPLETED 6 RESPONDENT INCAPACITATED 7 OTHER (SPECIFY) NEXT VISIT DATE TIME FINAL VISIT DAY MONTH 01 JANUARY 02 FEBRUARY 03 MARCH 04 APRIL 05 MAY 06 JUNE 07 JULY 08 AUGUST 09 SEPTEMBER 10 OCTOBER 11 NOVEMBER 12 DECEMBER YEAR CODE RESULT* INTDAYMN (MV016) reports the day of the month on which the interview with the male respondent took place. INTDAYMN uses dates expressed in the Gregorian calendar. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Century month date of interview INTERVIEWER VISITS FIRST VISIT (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD VISITS) DATE INTERVIEWER'S NAME RESULT* 1 COMPLETED 2 NOT AT HOME 3 POSTPONED 4 REFUSED 5 PARTLY COMPLETED 6 RESPONDENT INCAPACITATED 7 OTHER (SPECIFY) NEXT VISIT DATE TIME FINAL VISIT DAY MONTH 01 JANUARY 02 FEBRUARY 03 MARCH 04 APRIL 05 MAY 06 JUNE 07 JULY 08 AUGUST 09 SEPTEMBER 10 OCTOBER 11 NOVEMBER 12 DECEMBER YEAR CODE RESULT* INTDATECMCMN (MV008) reports century month code for the date on which the interview with the male respondent took place. Century month codes (CMC) are particularly useful for checking the consistency of dates, calculating intervals between events, and imputing dates when the information for an event is missing or partially complete. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC minus 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006). [URL omitted from DDI.]. The century month codes reported in INTDATECMCMN are calculated using the Gregorian calculator. INTDATECMCMN (V008) is a 4-digit variable. Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Century month code (CMC) for start of survey INTSTARTCMC reports the century month code (CMC) for the first month the survey was fielded, according to the DHS Program website. The contextual variables in IPUMS DHS use the month in INTSTARTCMC as the month of the survey start date. The related variable INTENDCMC reports the century month code for the last month the survey was fielded, according to the DHS Program website. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC minus 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006). [URL omitted from DDI.]. The century month codes reported in INTSTARTCMC are calculated using the Gregorian calculator. 1415 1415 1414 1414 1399 1399 1397 1397 1408 1408 1402 1402 1398 1398 1393 1393 1392 1392 1391 1391 1390 1390 1388 1388 1387 1387 1386 1386 1381 1381 1379 1379 1378 1378 1377 1377 1374 1374 1373 1373 1372 1372 1369 1369 1365 1365 1364 1364 1361 1361 1358 1358 1355 1355 1354 1354 1353 1353 1350 1350 1346 1346 1344 1344 1339 1339 1338 1338 1333 1333 1332 1332 1330 1330 1329 1329 1328 1328 1327 1327 1326 1326 1325 1325 1320 1320 1318 1318 1307 1307 1305 1305 1302 1302 1299 1299 1296 1296 1290 1290 1288 1288 1287 1287 1285 1285 1283 1283 1281 1281 1280 1280 1277 1277 1274 1274 1273 1273 1271 1271 1269 1269 1268 1268 1264 1264 1262 1262 1258 1258 1257 1257 1255 1255 1250 1250 1249 1249 1248 1248 1247 1247 1246 1246 1244 1244 1243 1243 1242 1242 1241 1241 1240 1240 1239 1239 1231 1231 1223 1223 1220 1220 1213 1213 1209 1209 1207 1207 1206 1206 1202 1202 1199 1199 1197 1197 1193 1193 1191 1191 1187 1187 1185 1185 1184 1184 1179 1179 1178 1178 1177 1177 1173 1173 1170 1170 1167 1167 1165 1165 1164 1164 1163 1163 1160 1160 1159 1159 1158 1158 1153 1153 1151 1151 1143 1143 1135 1135 1134 1134 1127 1127 1125 1125 1124 1124 1118 1118 1116 1116 1115 1115 1113 1113 1111 1111 1110 1110 1109 1109 1108 1108 1107 1107 1105 1105 1103 1103 1102 1102 1096 1096 1092 1092 1090 1090 1084 1084 1079 1079 1068 1068 1066 1066 1065 1065 1062 1062 1058 1058 1049 1049 1047 1047 1036 1036 Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Century month code (CMC) for end of survey INTENDCMC reports the century month code (CMC) for the last month the survey was fielded, according to the DHS Program website. The related variable INTSTARTCMC reports the century month code for the first month the survey was fielded, according to the DHS Program website. The contextual variables in IPUMS DHS use the month in INTSTARTCMC as the month of the survey start date. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC minus 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006). [URL omitted from DDI.]. The century month codes reported in INTENDCMC are calculated using the Gregorian calculator. 1418 1418 1417 1417 1403 1403 1420 1420 1039 1039 1051 1051 1052 1052 1062 1062 1066 1066 1069 1069 1070 1070 1073 1073 1085 1085 1090 1090 1092 1092 1097 1097 1101 1101 1105 1105 1107 1107 1108 1108 1109 1109 1110 1110 1114 1114 1115 1115 1118 1118 1119 1119 1124 1124 1125 1125 1126 1126 1130 1130 1131 1131 1139 1139 1148 1148 1153 1153 1157 1157 1158 1158 1160 1160 1163 1163 1165 1165 1167 1167 1168 1168 1171 1171 1174 1174 1176 1176 1182 1182 1183 1183 1185 1185 1187 1187 1190 1190 1191 1191 1193 1193 1195 1195 1199 1199 1200 1200 1203 1203 1204 1204 1205 1205 1207 1207 1208 1208 1211 1211 1212 1212 1215 1215 1217 1217 1218 1218 1223 1223 1229 1229 1233 1233 1242 1242 1244 1244 1245 1245 1246 1246 1247 1247 1249 1249 1250 1250 1251 1251 1253 1253 1256 1256 1261 1261 1262 1262 1265 1265 1266 1266 1267 1267 1268 1268 1272 1272 1274 1274 1275 1275 1276 1276 1277 1277 1280 1280 1282 1282 1283 1283 1284 1284 1286 1286 1287 1287 1292 1292 1294 1294 1295 1295 1300 1300 1302 1302 1306 1306 1307 1307 1310 1310 1316 1316 1320 1320 1321 1321 1325 1325 1331 1331 1333 1333 1335 1335 1336 1336 1337 1337 1338 1338 1340 1340 1343 1343 1344 1344 1347 1347 1349 1349 1350 1350 1354 1354 1356 1356 1358 1358 1360 1360 1362 1362 1365 1365 1367 1367 1370 1370 1372 1372 1374 1374 1378 1378 1379 1379 1380 1380 1384 1384 1390 1390 1392 1392 1394 1394 1398 1398 1399 1399 1402 1402 1404 1404 1405 1405 1406 1406 1416 1416 Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Time men's interview started (hhmm - 24 hour clock) 101. RECORD THE TIME STARTED. HOUR ___ MINUTES ___ INTSTARTMN (MV801) reports the time of the start of the interview for the men's sample. The first two digits give the time in hours using the 24-hour clock, and the last two digits give the minutes within that hour. For example, a code of "1349" indicates the interview began at 1:49 P.M. Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Time men's interview ended (hhmm - 24 hour clock) 808. RECORD THE TIME. HOUR ___ MINUTES ___ INTENDMN (MV802) reports the time of the end of the men's interview. The first two digits give the time in hours using the 24-hour clock, and the last two digits give the minutes within that hour. For example, a code of "1349" indicates the interview ended at 1:49 P.M. 9998 Missing Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Length of men's interview in minutes INTDURATIONMN (MV803) reports the duration of the interview for the male survey (in minutes). The duration is top-coded at 95 minutes. Interviews that required more than one visit (INTVISITNOMN (MV804) are coded as "96" for "2+ visits." INTDURATIONMN is calculated based on the interview's start and end times in INTSTARTMN (MV801) and INTENDMN (MV802). 00 0 minutes 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 83 84 84 85 85 86 86 87 87 88 88 89 89 90 90 91 91 92 92 93 93 94 94 95 95+ 96 2+ Visits 97 Inconsistent 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Result of men's interview INTERVIEWER VISITS FIRST VISIT (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD VISITS) DATE INTERVIEWER'S NAME RESULT* 1 COMPLETED 2 NOT AT HOME 3 POSTPONED 4 REFUSED 5 PARTLY COMPLETED 6 RESPONDENT INCAPACITATED 7 OTHER (SPECIFY) NEXT VISIT DATE TIME FINAL VISIT DAY MONTH 01 JANUARY 02 FEBRUARY 03 MARCH 04 APRIL 05 MAY 06 JUNE 07 JULY 08 AUGUST 09 SEPTEMBER 10 OCTOBER 11 NOVEMBER 12 DECEMBER YEAR CODE RESULT* INTRESULTMN (MV015) reports the result of the interview for the men's sample. Code 1 represents a completed interview. Only completed interview cases are included in the DHS men's sample files, which provide the source material for men as a unit of analysis in IPUMS-DHS. 1 Completed 2 Not at home 3 Postponed 4 Refused 5 Partly completed 6 Incapacitated 7 Other General technical Variables -- TOPICS Number of visits for male interviews VISITNOMN (MV017) reports the number of visits by an interviewer required to complete the interview for the men's survey. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 98 Missing General technical Variables -- TOPICS Identification number of interviewer, men's survey INTERVIEWER VISITS FIRST VISIT (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD VISITS) DATE INTERVIEWER'S NAME RESULT* 1 COMPLETED 2 NOT AT HOME 3 POSTPONED 4 REFUSED 5 PARTLY COMPLETED 6 RESPONDENT INCAPACITATED 7 OTHER (SPECIFY) NEXT VISIT DATE TIME FINAL VISIT DAY MONTH 01 JANUARY 02 FEBRUARY 03 MARCH 04 APRIL 05 MAY 06 JUNE 07 JULY 08 AUGUST 09 SEPTEMBER 10 OCTOBER 11 NOVEMBER 12 DECEMBER YEAR CODE RESULT* INTERVIEWERIDMR (MV028) reports the interviewer identification code for the interviewer conducting the interviews for a men's survey. Codes are country- and sample-specific; a given numeric code in one survey refers to a different person than the same numeric code in another survey. Numbering of interviewer codes is not necessarily consecutive; some surveys use "0" as an identification code, for example, while others begin with a 3-digit number. Using the interviewer identification codes, researchers can evaluate whether the quality of responses (e.g., the number of "missing" cases) depended on the person conducting the interview. 99998 Missing General technical Variables -- TOPICS Type of place of residence For men's samples, URBANMN (MV025) indicates whether the man's de facto residence was in an urban or rural location. The definition of urban varies across countries. See Comparability. 1 Urban 2 Rural Geography, general Variables -- TOPICS De facto place of residence DEFACTORESMN (MV026) reports the type of place--city, town, or countryside--where the man was interviewed. 10 City 11 Capital or other large city 12 Small city 20 Town or countryside 21 Town 22 Countryside Geography, general Variables -- TOPICS Years lived in place of residence 108. How old are you at your last birthday? COMPARE AND CORRECT 107 AND/OR 108 IN INCONSISTENT. AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS __ IF AGE IS NOT BETWEEN AGES 5 AND 49 (GO TO END) RESIDEINTYRMN (MV104) reports the number of years the man had been living continuously in the village, town, or city where he was interviewed. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 94 Always 95 Visitor 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Migration Variables -- TOPICS Type of place of previous residence 106. Just before you moved here, did you live in a city, a town, or in the countryside? CITY 1 TOWN 2 COUNTRYSIDE 3 PREVRESTYPMN (MV105) reports the type of place--city, town, countryside, or a site abroad--where the man lived just before moving to the current place of residence. 10 City 11 Capital or large city 12 Other city 20 Town or countryside 21 Town 22 Countryside 23 24 Other specific responses 30 Other or abroad 31 Abroad 32 Separated camp 33 Tribal area 34 Informal settlement 39 Other, unspecified 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Migration Variables -- TOPICS Childhood place of rseidence 107. In what month and year were you born? MONTH ___ DON'T KNOW MONTHS 98 YEAR ___ DON'T KNOW YEAR 9998 KIDRESTYPMN (MV103) reports the type of place--city, town, countryside, or somewhere abroad--where the man lived for most of his childhood (usually defined as prior to age 12). Due to country- and survey-level variation in data collection, IPUMS-DHS uses composite coding to maximize comparability across samples for this variable. 10 City 11 Capital or large city 12 Other city 20 Town or countryside 21 Town 22 Countryside 30 Abroad 98 Missing Migration Variables -- TOPICS Bangladesh regions, 1994-2014 [integrated; GIS] IDENTIFICATION DIVISION: DISTRICT: THANA: UNION OR WARD: VILLAGE OR MOHALLA OR BLOCK: CLUSTER NUMBER: HOUSEHOLD NUMBER: REGION: DHAKA/CHITTAGONG OR SMALL CITY OR TOWN OR VILLAGE? DHAKA OR CHITTAGONG 1 SMALL CITY 2 TOWN 3 VILLAGE 4 GEO_BD1994_2014 indicates the region of Bangladesh where the respondent was interviewed. The variable is integrated to yield units with consistent boundaries across samples. Labels identify the modern geographic units (divisions) contained in each integrated region. Each sample also has its own non-integrated geography variable. An integrated GIS map (in shapefile format) for Bangladesh can be downloaded here [URL omitted from DDI.]. 8 Missing 1 Barisal 2 Chittagong and Sylhet 3 Dhaka 4 Khulna 5 Rajshahi and Rangpur Integrated geography Variables -- TOPICS Bangladesh regions, 2000 [GIS] IDENTIFICATION DIVISION: DISTRICT: THANA: UNION OR WARD: VILLAGE OR MOHALLA OR BLOCK: CLUSTER NUMBER: HOUSEHOLD NUMBER: REGION: DHAKA/CHITTAGONG OR SMALL CITY OR TOWN OR VILLAGE? DHAKA OR CHITTAGONG 1 SMALL CITY 2 TOWN 3 VILLAGE 4 GEO_BD2000 (V101_BD2000) indicates the region of Bangladesh where the respondent was interviewed. DHS regions in the 2000 Bangladesh survey are equivalent to divisions. Other sample years have their own sample-specific geography variables. There is also an integrated variable, GEO_BD1994_2014, that provides spatially consistent units over time. A GIS map for GEO_BD2000 (in shapefile format) can be downloaded from the DHS Program Spatial Data Repository [URL omitted from DDI.] Boundaries page. 6 Sylhet 5 Rajshahi 4 Khulna 3 Dhaka 2 Chittagong 1 Barisal Single sample geography Variables -- TOPICS Usual resident or visitor 6. Did (NAME) sleep here last night? YES 1 NO 2 RESIDENTMN (MV135) indicates whether the man, in a men's sample, was a usual resident of the household or was just visiting there. As defined by the RESIDENTMN variable, a visitor could potentially reside in the city, town, or village where the interview took place but would have answered "No" to the question, "Does (NAME) usually live here [in this dwelling unit]?" on the household questionnaire. 1 Usual resident 2 Visitor 8 Missing Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Age 108. How old are you at your last birthday? COMPARE AND CORRECT 107 AND/OR 108 IN INCONSISTENT. AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS __ IF AGE IS NOT BETWEEN AGES 5 AND 49 (GO TO END) AGEMN (MV012) reports the man's age. DHS surveys collect information about the man's age through questions about age at last birthday and date of birth. DHS Recode Manuals provide the following information about how the AGE variable is calculated: Current age in completed years is calculated from the century month code of the date of birth of the respondent (MV011) and the century month code of the date of interview (MV008). In a few cases the age in the data file will be different from that reported by the respondent when the respondent's birthday was in the month of interview, but he had not yet had his birthday. If the respondent correctly reported his age at his last birthday (and not his age at his next birthday) then the calculated age was rounded up from the reported age, to avoid inconsistencies between the age and the century month code for the birth. 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 83 84 84 85 85 86 86 87 87 88 88 89 89 90 90 91 91 92 92 93 93 94 94 95 95 96 96 97 97+ 98 Missing Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Age in 5-year groups AGE5YEARMN (MV013) reports the man's age in 5-year age groups, based on data from the AGEMN (MV012) variable. The age range of men interviewed varies across samples. See Comparability. 01 15-19 02 20-24 03 25-29 04 30-34 05 35-39 06 40-44 07 45-49 08 50-54 09 55-59 10 60+ 11 60-64 12 65+ Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Man's month of birth 107. In what month and year were you born? MONTH ___ DON'T KNOW MONTHS 98 YEAR ___ DON'T KNOW YEAR 9998 BIRTHMOMN (MV009) reports the man's month of birth, according to the Gregorian calendar. 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 98 Missing Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Man's year of birth 107. In what month and year were you born? MONTH ___ DON'T KNOW MONTHS 98 YEAR ___ DON'T KNOW YEAR 9998 BIRTHYEARMN (MV010) reports the man's year of birth, according to the Gregorian calendar. 1899 1899 or earlier 1900 1900 1901 1901 1902 1902 1903 1903 1904 1904 1905 1905 1906 1906 1907 1907 1908 1908 1909 1909 1910 1910 1911 1911 1912 1912 1913 1913 1914 1914 1915 1915 1916 1916 1917 1917 1918 1918 1919 1919 1920 1920 1921 1921 1922 1922 1923 1923 1924 1924 1925 1925 1926 1926 1927 1927 1928 1928 1929 1929 1930 1930 1931 1931 1932 1932 1933 1933 1934 1934 1935 1935 1936 1936 1937 1937 1938 1938 1939 1939 1940 1940 1941 1941 1942 1942 1943 1943 1944 1944 1945 1945 1946 1946 1947 1947 1948 1948 1949 1949 1950 1950 1951 1951 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Man's date of birth (century month code) 107. In what month and year were you born? MONTH ___ DON'T KNOW MONTHS 98 YEAR ___ DON'T KNOW YEAR 9998 DOBCMCMN (MV011) reports the century month code (CMC) for the man's date of birth. Century month codes (CMC) are particularly useful for checking the consistency of dates, calculating intervals between events, and imputing dates when the information for an event is missing or partially complete. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006) [URL omitted from DDI.]. Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Information given on respondent's date of birth DOBINFORESPMN (MV014) reports the completeness of information about the male respondent's age and date of birth. A code of 0 indicates the month and the year were reported, and no data were imputed. 1 Month and year 2 Month and year, year imputed 3 Year and age, month imputed 4 Year and age, year ignored 5 Year only, age and month imputed 6 Age only, year and month imputed 7 Month only, age and year imputed 8 None reported, all imputed Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Man's relationship to HH head 3. RELATIONSHIP TO HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD: What is the relationship of (NAME) to the head of the household? 01 HEAD 02 WIFE OR HUSBAND 03 SON OR DAUGHTER 04 SON-IN-LAW OR DAUGHTER-IN-LAW 05 GRANDCHILD 06 PARENT 07 PARENT-IN-LAW 09 BROTHER OR SISTER 10 OTHER RELATIVE 11 ADOPTED OR FOSTER OR STEPCHILD 12 NOT RELATED 98 DON'T KNOW RELATEMN (MV150) reports the man's relationship to the head of the household, based on a question in the household questionnaire. 010 Head 020 Husband 030 Son 040 Son-in-law 050 Grandson 060 Father 070 Father-in-law 080 Brother 090 Adopted/foster son/stepson 100 Other relative 110 Nephew 111 Nephew by blood 112 Nephew by marriage 120 Brother-in-law 130 Uncle 200 Not related 210 Domestic servant 211 Herdboy 997 Don't know 998 Missing Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Religion 117. What is your religion? ISLAM 1 HINDUISM 2 BUDDHISM 3 CHRISTIANITY 4 OTHER (SPECIFY) 6 RELIGIONMN (MV130) reports the man's religion. While the categories and codes for the religion variable in the original DHS files are country-specific, IPUMS-DHS uses a 4-digit composite coding system to fit these diverse categories into a single variable without losing information. See Comparability. 0000 NO RELIGION 1000 MUSLIM 2000 CHRISTIAN 2100 Catholic 2200 Orthodox 2300 Protestant 2310 Lutheran 2320 Anglican 2330 Presbyterian 2340 Baptist/Seventh-day Adventist 2341 Baptist 2342 Seventh-day Adventist 2350 Apostolic 2360 Salvation Army 2370 Methodist 2380 Pentacostal-based 2381 Pentacostal 2382 Celestial Church of Christ 2383 Universal 2384 Assemblies of God 2390 Other Protestant 2391 Evangelical 2392 Lesotho Evangelical Church 2393 Kimbanguist (Congo, Democratic Republic) 2400 Nontrinitarian 2410 Jehovah's Witness 2900 Other Christian, country-specific 2901 African Zionist (Mozambique) 2902 Mammon (Uganda) 3000 BUDDHIST/NEO-BUDDHIST 3100 Buddhist 4000 HINDU 5000 JEWISH 6000 TRADITIONAL/SPIRITUAL/ANIMIST 6100 Traditional 6200 Spiritual 6300 Animist 6400 Specified Traditional 6401 Donyi-Polo 6402 Sanamahi 6403 Vodun 7000 OTHER (SPECIFIED) 7100 Bahá'í 7200 Sikh 7300 Zoroastrian 7400 Jain 7900 Country-specific other 7901 Sect (Burundi) 7902 Bundu dia Kongo (Congo, Democratic Republic) 7903 Vuvamu (Congo, Democratic Republic) 7904 Kirat Mundhum (Nepal) 9000 OTHER 9001 Religion 1 9002 Religion 2 9003 Religion 3 9004 Religion 4 9998 Missing Ethnicity and religion Variables -- TOPICS Man's current marital or union status 108A. Are you now married, widowed, or divorced? CURRENTLY MARRIED 1 SEPARATED 2 (GO TO END) DESERTED 3 (GO TO END) DIVORCED 4 (GO TO END) WIDOWED 5 (GO TO END) NEVER MARRIED 6 (GO TO END) MARSTATMN (MV501) reports the man's current marital status. Response categories and question wording vary across surveys. See Comparability. 00 Never married 10 Married or living together 11 Married 12 Living together 20 Formerly in union 21 Widowed 22 Divorced 23 Separated/not living together 98 Missing Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Man never, currently, or formerly married/in union 108A. Are you now married, widowed, or divorced? CURRENTLY MARRIED 1 SEPARATED 2 (GO TO END) DESERTED 3 (GO TO END) DIVORCED 4 (GO TO END) WIDOWED 5 (GO TO END) NEVER MARRIED 6 (GO TO END) CURRMARRMN (MV502) reports the man's marital/union status as "Never married," "Currently married," or "Formerly married." "Never married" includes men who have never lived with a partner. "Currently married" includes men who are married and those who are not formally married but are living with a partner. "Formerly married" includes men who are widowed, divorced, or separated, or who have formerly lived with a partner. For samples restricted to ever-married men, only men who are formally married (not cohabiting) are included as "married." 0 Never married 1 Currently married 2 Formerly married 8 Missing Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Man had one or more than one union 402. Have you been married only once or more than once? ONCE 1 MORE THAN ONE 2 For men who have ever been married or lived with a woman, UNION1MOREMN (MV503) indicates whether the respondent had been in one or more than one marriage/union. 1 One 2 More than one 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Month of first marriage or cohabitation 403. In what month and year did you start living with your (first) wife? MONTH ___ DON'T KNOW MONTHS 98 YEAR ___ (GO TO 405) DON'T KNOW YEAR 9998 For men who have ever been married or lived with a woman, MAR1STMOMN (MV507) reports the month of their first marriage or (for most samples) unmarried cohabitation. The year of the man's first marriage/union is reported in MAR1STYRMN (MV508). 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Year of first marriage or cohabitation 403. In what month and year did you start living with your (first) wife? MONTH ___ DON'T KNOW MONTHS 98 YEAR ___ (GO TO 405) DON'T KNOW YEAR 9998 For men who have ever been married or lived with a woman, MAR1STYRMN (MV508) reports the year of their first marriage or (for most samples) unmarried cohabitation. The month of the man's first marriage/union is reported in MAR1STMOMN (MV507). 1922 1922 1923 1923 1924 1924 1925 1925 1926 1926 1927 1927 1928 1928 1929 1929 1930 1930 1931 1931 1932 1932 1933 1933 1934 1934 1935 1935 1936 1936 1937 1937 1938 1938 1939 1939 1940 1940 1941 1941 1942 1942 1943 1943 1944 1944 1945 1945 1946 1946 1947 1947 1948 1948 1949 1949 1950 1950 1951 1951 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 2017 2017 2018 2018 9999 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Date of first marriage or cohabitation (CMC) 403. In what month and year did you start living with your (first) wife? MONTH ___ DON'T KNOW MONTHS 98 YEAR ___ (GO TO 405) DON'T KNOW YEAR 9998 MAR1STCMCMN (MV509) reports the century month code (CMC) for the date of the man's first marriage or cohabitation. Century month codes (CMC) are particularly useful for checking the consistency of dates, calculating intervals between events, and imputing dates when the information for an event is missing or partially complete. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" [URL omitted from DDI.] (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006). 9999 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information, date of first marriage/union 403. In what month and year did you start living with your (first) wife? MONTH ___ DON'T KNOW MONTHS 98 YEAR ___ (GO TO 405) DON'T KNOW YEAR 9998 MAR1STDATINFOMN (MV510) reports the completeness of information for the date of the man's first marriage or cohabitation. See Comparability. 1 Month and year reported 2 Month and age reported, year imputed 3 Year and age reported, month imputed 4 Year reported, age and month imputed 5 Age reported, year and month imputed 6 Month reported, age and year imputed 7 Year and age reported, year ignored 8 All values imputed 9 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Age at first marriage or cohabitation 404. How old were you when you started living with her? AGE ___ AGE1STMARMN (MV511) reports the man's age at the start of his first marriage or union. This usually refers to when the man first started to live with his first wife or partner. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, "Age at start of first marriage or union is calculated from the century month code of the date of start of first marriage or union and the century month code of the date of birth of the respondent." 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 96 Marriage not consummated 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Years since starting date of first marriage/cohabitation 403. In what month and year did you start living with your (first) wife? MONTH ___ DON'T KNOW MONTHS 98 YEAR ___ (GO TO 405) DON'T KNOW YEAR 9998 For men who have ever been married or lived with a woman, YRSTO1STMARMN (MV512) reports the number of years from the start of the man's first marriage/union to the date of the survey interview. The calculation is made using century month codes for both dates. For the month and year of first marriage/union, see MAR1STMOMN (MV507) and MAR1STYRMN (MV508) respectively. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 96 Inconsistent 97 Don’t know 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Years since date of 1st marriage or cohabitation (grouped) 403. In what month and year did you start living with your (first) wife? MONTH ___ DON'T KNOW MONTHS 98 YEAR ___ (GO TO 405) DON'T KNOW YEAR 9998 DURMARGRPMN (MV513) reports the number of years elapsed since the man's first marriage or cohabiting union until the date of the survey interview, in five-year groups. The duration is reported irrespective of whether the respondent is still married or in a union with his first partner. 0 Never married 1 0 to 4 2 5 to 9 3 10 to 14 4 15 to 19 5 20 to 24 6 25 to 29 7 30+ Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Line number(s) of man's wives/partners in HH SECTION 4. MARRIAGE 401. WRITE THE LINE NUMBER FROM THE HOUSEHOLD QUESTIONNAIRE FOR HIS WIFE. IF SHE DOES NOT LIVE IN THE HOUSEHOLD, RECORD '00'. LINE NUMBER ___ LINENOWIFE_ALL (MV034_x) reports the line number of the man's wives/partners. These variables can be used, in conjunction with HHID to match the men - s data with the women - s data, to allow for the analysis of couples. A value of "0" means the wife was not listed as a member of the household. LINENOWIFE_ALL consists of a set of eight separate variables, covering the man's first wife/partner (LINENOWIFE_01) up to his eighth wife/partner (LINENOWIFE_08). If LINENOWIFE_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. Information for this variable was collected on all of the man's wives/partners, up to a maximum of eight. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to eight wives/partners, but no men in the survey had so many wives/partners (e.g., no man had seven or eight wives/partners). If, for example, no man in a survey had eight wives/partners and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then LINENOWIFE_08 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 LINENOWIFE_ALL available Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Line number of man's 1st wife/partner in HH SECTION 4. MARRIAGE 401. WRITE THE LINE NUMBER FROM THE HOUSEHOLD QUESTIONNAIRE FOR HIS WIFE. IF SHE DOES NOT LIVE IN THE HOUSEHOLD, RECORD '00'. LINE NUMBER ___ 00 Wife not in household 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Line number of man's 2nd wife/partner in HH 00 Wife not in household 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Line number of man's 3rd wife/partner in HH 00 Wife not in household 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Line number of man's 4th wife/partner in HH 00 Wife not in household 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Line number of man's 5th wife/partner in HH 00 Wife not in household 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Line number of man's 6th wife/partner in HH 00 Wife not in household 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Line number of man's 7th wife/partner in HH 00 Wife not in household 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Line number of man's 8th wife/partner in HH 00 Wife not in household 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Total children ever biologically fathered by male respondent 209. CHECK 208: Just to make sure that I have this right: you have had in TOTAL __ children during your life. Is that correct? IF HE HAS NOT HAVE CHILDREN (208 IS "00"): Just to make sure that I have this right: you have not had any children during your life. Is that correct? YES (GO TO 210) NO (PROBE AND CORRECT 201-208 AS NECESSARY) CHEBMN (MV201) reports the total number of children biologically fathered by the male respondent. The standard question wording asked about "all of the children that are biologically yours, even if they are not legally yours or do not have your last name." The number reported in CHEBMN is the sum of a series of variables covering the total number of biological sons and daughters who are living with their father, living elsewhere, or who have died (MV202 to MV207). While the related variable CHEB (V201) for women respondents is top-coded at 20 births, CHEBMN is not so limited, since the man's offspring could have been borne by more than one woman. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Biological sons living with their male respondent father 203. How many sons live with you? And how many daughters live with you? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. SONS AT HOME ___ DAUGHTERS AT HOME ___ SONSATHOMEMN (MV202) reports how many of his biological sons are currently living with the male respondent. The related variable SONSAWAYHOMEMN (MV204) reports the number of the male respondent's surviving biological sons who are currently living apart from him. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Biological daughters living with their male respondent father 203. How many sons live with you? And how many daughters live with you? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. SONS AT HOME ___ DAUGHTERS AT HOME ___ DAUSATHOMEMN (MV203) reports how many of his biological daughters are currently living with the male respondent. The related variable DAUSAWAYHOMEMN (MV205) reports the number of the male respondent's surviving biological daughters who are currently living elsewhere. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Biological sons living apart from their male respondent father 205. How many sons are alive but do not live with you? And how many daughters are alive but do not live with you? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. SONS ELSEWHERE ___ DAUGHTERS ELSEWHERE ___ SONSAWAYHOMEMN (MV204) reports how many of his biological sons are currently living apart from the male respondent. The related variable SONSATHOMEMN (MV202) reports the number of the male respondent's surviving biological sons who are currently living with their father. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of living biological children of male respondent 203. How many sons live with you? And how many daughters live with you? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. SONS AT HOME ___ DAUGHTERS AT HOME ___ CHEBALIVEMN (MV218) reports the total number of surviving biological children fathered by the male respondent. The number reported in CHEBALIVEMN (MV218) is the sum of a series of variables reporting the total number of sons and daughters who are living at home and who are living away from home (MV202 to MV205 - SONSATHOMEMN, DAUSATHOMEMN, SONSAWAYHOMEMN, and DAUSAWAYHOMEMN). The related variable CHEBMN (MV201) reports the total number of children ever fathered by the male respondent, regardless of survival status. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Biological daughters living apart from their male respondent father 205. How many sons are alive but do not live with you? And how many daughters are alive but do not live with you? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. SONS ELSEWHERE ___ DAUGHTERS ELSEWHERE ___ DAUSAWAYHOMEMN (MV205) reports how many of his biological daughters are currently living apart from the male respondent. The related variable DAUSATHOMEMN (MV203) reports the number of the male respondent's surviving biological daughters who are currently living with their father. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of biological sons of the male respondent who have died 207. In all, how many boys have died? And how many girls have died? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. BOYS DEAD ___ GIRLS DEAD ___ SONSDIEDMN (MV206) reports how many of the biological sons of the male respondent have died. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of biological daughters of the male respondent who have died 207. In all, how many boys have died? And how many girls have died? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. BOYS DEAD ___ GIRLS DEAD ___ DAUSDIEDMN (MV207) reports how many of the biological daughters of the male respondent have died. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Partner of male respondent is currently pregnant 502. Is your wife currently pregnant? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 504A) DOES NOT KNOW OR UNSURE 3 (GO TO 504A) PREGNANTMN (MV213) indicates whether the male respondent's partner is currently pregnant. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Unsure or don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Time wanted current pregnancy of partner 503. When she became pregnant, did you want her to become pregnant then, did you want her to have a child but wanted to wit or did you not want her to have a child at all? THEN 1 (GO TO 504B) WANTED TO WAIT 2 (GO TO 504B) NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 504B) For men with partners who are currently pregnant, PGDESIREMN (MV225) reports whether, at the time of becoming pregnant, the man wanted this pregnancy then, later, or not at all. 1 Then 2 Later 3 Not at all 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Total number of household members HHMEMTOTALMN (MV136) reports the total number of members of the male respondent's household. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, HHMEMTOTALMN is calculated by summing "the number of usual residents and the number of visitors who slept in the house the previous night that were listed in the household schedule." "Usual residents" of the household are identified by the RESIDENTMN variable when men are the unit of analysis. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Number of eligible men in household (de facto) HHELIGMENMN (MV138) reports the number of eligible men in the household, usually defined as males over age 15 who slept in the household the previous night (regardless of whether they were usual residents or visitors). The age and marital status guidelines for defining eligible men varies across samples. See the Universe tab for samples of interest. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Age of household head HHEADAGEMN (MV152) reports the age of the head of the household. 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 83 84 84 85 85 86 86 87 87 88 88 89 89 90 90 91 91 92 92 93 93 94 94 95 95+ 97 Don't know 98 Missing Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Age of household head (from HH record) HHEADAGEHH (HV220) reports the age of the head of the household. The information in HHEADAGEHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 98 Missing 96 Non-resident 95 95+ 94 94 93 93 92 92 91 91 90 90 89 89 88 88 87 87 86 86 85 85 84 84 83 83 82 82 81 81 80 80 79 79 78 78 77 77 76 76 75 75 74 74 73 73 72 72 71 71 70 70 69 69 68 68 67 67 66 66 65 65 64 64 63 63 62 62 61 61 60 60 59 59 58 58 57 57 56 56 55 55 54 54 53 53 52 52 51 51 50 50 49 49 48 48 47 47 46 46 45 45 44 44 43 43 42 42 41 41 40 40 39 39 38 38 37 37 36 36 35 35 34 34 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 99 NIU (not in universe) 01 1 97 Don't know Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Sex of household head HHEADSEXMN (MV151) reports the sex of the head of the household. 1 Male 2 Female 8 Missing Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Sex of household head (from hh record) HHEADSEXHH (HV219) reports the sex of the head of the household. The information in HHEADSEXHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 1 Male 2 Female 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Relationship structure in HH 3. RELATIONSHIP TO HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD: What is the relationship of (NAME) to the head of the household? 01 HEAD 02 WIFE OR HUSBAND 03 SON OR DAUGHTER 04 SON-IN-LAW OR DAUGHTER-IN-LAW 05 GRANDCHILD 06 PARENT 07 PARENT-IN-LAW 09 BROTHER OR SISTER 10 OTHER RELATIVE 11 ADOPTED OR FOSTER OR STEPCHILD 12 NOT RELATED 98 DON'T KNOW FAMSTRUCTR (HV217) indicates the relationship structure (no adults, one adult, two related adults of the opposite sex, two related adults of the same sex, three or more related adults, or unrelated adults) in the household. Only usual (de jure) household members aged 15 and over are considered in determining the household's relationship structure. FAMSTRUCTR is a constructed variable, based on information about each household member's age, sex, and relationship to the householder, which was collected when completing the listing of persons in the household at the time of the survey. The information in FAMSTRUCTR is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 8 Missing 6 Non-resident 5 Unrelated adults 4 Three plus related adults 3 Two adults, same sex 2 Two adults, opp sex 1 One adult 0 No adults 9 NIU (not in universe) Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Main material of outside walls of dwelling 25. MAIN MATERIAL OF THE WALLS. RECORD OBSERVATION. NATURAL WALLS JUTE OR BAMBOO OR MUD (KATCHA) 11 RUDIMENTARY WALLS WOOD 21 FINISHED WALLS BRICK OR CEMENT 31 TIN 32 OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 WALL (HV214) reports the main material of the outside walls of the dwelling. Response categories vary widely across surveys but fall into broad groups (i.e., natural materials, rudimentary processed materials, and finished materials). See Comparability. 376 Metal, unspecified 375 Corrugated asbestos 374 Iron or zinc sheets 292 Unburnt brick with cement 127 Animal dung 126 Hay with mud 241 Trunks with mud 000 No walls 100 NATURAL 110 Cane/palm/trunks/grass/sticks 111 Cane/palm/trunks 112 Cane/trunks 113 Cane/trunks/bamboo/reeds 114 Palm branches 115 Sticks 116 Shells 120 Earth/mud/dirt/dung 121 Unbaked brick, mud, or earth 122 Earth 123 Mud 124 Mud, dung 125 Dirt 130 Thatch/mat/leaves/straw/reeds 131 Grass 132 Thatch or straw 200 RUDIMENTARY 210 Bamboo with mud 211 Bamboo/wood with mud 212 Bamboo 220 Stone with mud 230 Rough wood 231 Plywood 232 Reused wood 233 Timber 234 Wood/metal planks 240 Poles and mud 250 Tin/cardboard/paper/bags 251 Cardboard 252 Carton 260 Uncovered adobe 270 Corrugated metal 280 Canvas/tent 300 FINISHED 310 Cement/concrete 311 Semi-dur (cement and sand blocks) 320 Bricks 321 Finished/burnt bricks 322 Burnt bricks with mud 323 Burnt bricks with cement 324 Sundried bricks 330 Cement blocks 340 Wood planks/shingles 341 Wood and grass 350 Stone 351 Stone with lime/cement 360 Covered adobe 370 Other finished 371 Metal or asbestos sheets 400 OTHER 998 Missing 996 Non-resident 290 Unburnt bricks 373 T-iron/wood/brick 372 Tin 377 Prefab 291 Unburnt brick and plaster 999 NIU (not in universe) Housing Variables -- TOPICS Main material of floor 26. MAIN MATERIAL OF THE FLOOR. RECORD OBSERVATION. NATURAL FLOOR EARTH OR BAMBOO (KATCHA) 11 RUDIMENTARY FLOOR WOOD 21 FINISHED FLOOR (PUKKA) CEMENT OR CONCRETE 31 OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 FLOOR (HV213) reports the main material of the floor of the dwelling. Response categories vary widely across surveys but fall into broad groups (i.e., natural materials, rudimentary processed materials, and finished materials). See Comparability. 116 Mud and hay 999 NIU (not in universe) 391 Plaster 996 Non-resident 100 NATURAL 110 Earth-based 111 Earth, sand 112 Earth, mud 113 Earth, mud, clay 114 Sand 115 Dirt/Earth 120 Dung-based 121 Dung 122 Earth and dung 123 Mud, dung, sand 200 RUDIMENTARY 210 Wood 211 Wood planks 212 Wood and tile 213 Wood/palm/bamboo 220 Palm/bamboo 221 Palm/bamboo/leaves 230 Other rudimentary 231 Broken bricks 232 Adobe 233 Unfinished stone 300 FINISHED 310 Parquet/polished wood 311 Polished wood/vinyl/tiles 320 Vinyl/asphalt strips/linoleum 321 Linoleum 330 Tiles/mosaic 331 Ceramic tiles 332 Cement tiles 333 Ceramic/terrazo tiles 334 Ceramic/marble tiles 335 Tiles/brick 340 Cement/concrete 350 Carpet 360 Terrazzo 370 Stone 380 Bricks 390 Other finished 400 OTHER 997 Don't know 998 Missing 322 Vinyl 351 Mat Housing Variables -- TOPICS Main material of roof 24. MAIN MATERIAL OF THE ROOF. RECORD OBSERVATION. NATURAL ROOF KATCHA (BAMBOO OR THATCH) 11 RUDIMENTARY ROOF TIN 21 FINISHED ROOF (PUKKA) CEMENT OR CONCRETE OR TILED 31 OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 ROOF (HV215) reports the main material of the roof of the dwelling. Response categories vary widely across surveys but fall into broad groups (i.e., natural materials, rudimentary processed materials, and finished materials). See Comparability. 126 Mud and hay 118 Sticks/sticks with mud or dung 333 Reinforced brick cement 996 Non-resident 000 No roof 100 NATURAL 110 Thatch/palm leaf/grass/makuti 111 Thatch/palm leaf 112 Grass, thatch 113 Grass, thatch, makuti 114 Thatch 115 Thatch/mat/leaves 116 Leaves 117 Grass/leaves/mud 120 Earth 121 Mud 122 Dung, mud 123 Earth, mud 124 Sod 125 Sod/mud and grass mixture 130 Straw 200 RUDIMENTARY 210 Rustic mat 211 Rustic mat, plastic sheets 220 Plastic/polythene sheet 230 Palm/bamboo 231 Palm, bamboo, grass 232 Reed, bamboo 240 Wood planks 241 Wooden tiles, planks 242 Wood, mulch 250 Cardboard 260 Rudimentary - metal 261 Tin cans 262 Iron sheets 270 Other rudimentary 271 Mobile roofs of nomads 272 Skin 300 FINISHED 310 Metal 311 Metal, zinc 312 Corrugated metal sheet, asbestos 313 Corrugated iron 314 Tin 315 Asbetos 320 Wood 330 Cement/concrete 331 Cement 332 Concrete 340 Tiles 341 Ceramic tiles 342 Iron and tiles 343 Tiles/slate 344 Mud tiles 345 Ceramic tiles, harvey (steel) tiles 350 Cement fiber 351 Calamine/cement fiber 352 Asbestos, cement fiber 353 Zinc/cement fiber 360 Roofing shingles 370 Bricks 371 Unburnt bricks 372 Burnt brick 380 Stone 381 Loosely packed stone 382 Stone slabs 383 Slate 400 OTHER 998 Missing 273 Waste materials 999 NIU (not in universe) Housing Variables -- TOPICS Dwelling has electricity (from hh record) 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 ELECTRCHH (HV206) indicates whether the household has electricity. Samples vary in how that information was collected. The information in ELECTRCHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Housing Variables -- TOPICS Type of toilet facility 20. What kind of toilet facility does your household have? SEPTIC TANK OR MODERN TOILET 11 PIT TOILET OR LATRINE WATER SEALED OR SLAB LATRINE 21 PIT LATRINE 22 OPEN LATRINE 23 HANGING LATRINE 24 NO FACILITY OR BUSH OR FIELD 31 (GO TO 22) OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 TOILETTYPE (HV205) reports the household's type of toilet facility, with no facility coded "0." Responses vary widely across surveys; see Comparability. The information in TOILETTYPE is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 3431 Pit latrine with ventilation pipe, no mesh 9996 Non-resident 0000 NO FACILITY 1000 FLUSH TOILET 1100 Unspecified type of flush toilet 1110 Own flush toilet (unspecified type) 1120 Shared flush toilet (unspecified type) 1200 Modern flush toilet 1210 Flush to piped sewer system 1300 Traditional with tank flush 1400 Bucket flush toilet 1410 Flush to pit latrine 1420 Flush to somewhere else 1430 Flush, don't know where 2000 NON-FLUSHING TOILET 2100 Composting toilet 2200 Dry toilet 2300 Ecosan toilet 3000 PIT TOILET LATRINE 3100 Unspecified type of pit latrine 3110 Own pit toilet or latrine (unspecified type) 3120 Shared pit toiletor latrine (unspecified type) 3121 Public pit toilet or latrine (unspecified type) 3200 Traditional pit toilet or latrine 3210 Pit latrine without slab or open pit 3300 Pit latrine with slab 3400 Ventilated improved pit latrine 3410 Covered pit latrine, no slab 3420 Covered pit latrine with slab 3430 Covered latrine 3440 Septic pit 4000 UNIMPROVED TOILET 4100 Bucket toilet 4200 River 4300 Hanging latrine over water source 5000 OTHER 9998 Missing 1112 Private flush toilet, outside residence 1211 Flush to piped sewer system, indoors 1212 Flush to piped sewer system, inside yard 1213 Flush to piped sewer system, out of yard 3310 Pit latrine with washable slab 3320 Pit latrine with non-washable slab 3490 Other improved system 3463 Latrine to piped public system, out of yard 3462 Latrine to piped public system, inside yard 3461 Latrine to piped public system, indoors 3443 Latrine to septic tank, out of yard 3442 Latrine to septic tank, inside yard 3441 Latrine to septic tank, indoors 3212 Open pit latrine, out of yard 3211 Open pit latrine, inside yard 1253 Flush to septic tank, out of yard 1252 Flush to septic tank, inside yard 1251 Flush to septic tank, indoors 1250 Flush to septic tank 1240 Flush, not to sewer 1233 Flush to ground water, out of yard 1232 Flush to ground water, inside yard 1231 Flush to ground water, indoors 3450 Latrine with manual flush 3460 Latrine to piped public system 9999 NIU (not in universe) 1230 Flush to pipe connected to ground water 1220 Flush to pipe connected to canal 1132 Public flush toilet, outside residence 1131 Public flush toilet, inside residence 1130 Public flush toilet (unspecified type) 1111 Private flush toilet, inside residence Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Major source of non-drinking water 18. What is the main source of water your household uses for dishwashing? PIPED WATER PIPED INSIDE DWELLING 11 PIPED OUTSIDE DWELLING 12 WELL WATER TUBE WELL OR DEEP TUBE WELL 21 SURFACE WELL OR OTHER WELL 22 SURFACE WATER POND OR TANK OR LAKE 31 RIVER OR STREAM 32 RAINWATER 41 OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 NDRINKWTR (HV202) reports the household's main source of water for uses other than drinking (for example, cooking and washing). Responses vary widely across surveys; see Comparability. The information in NDRINKWTR is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 9996 Non-resident 1000 PIPED WATER 1100 Piped into own dwelling/yard/plot 1110 Piped into own dwelling 1120 Piped into own yard/plot 1200 Piped outside own residence/plot 1210 Public tap/standpipe 1220 Piped into neighbor's dwelling/yard 2000 WELL WATER 2100 Unprotected/open well 2110 Open well in own dwelling/yard/plot 2111 Open well in own dwelling 2112 Open well in own yard/plot 2120 Open public well 2130 Open well in neighbor's residence 2200 Protected well 2210 Protected well in own dwelling/yard/plot 2211 Protected well in own dwelling 2212 Protected well in own yard/plot 2220 Protected public well 2230 Tube well or borehole 2231 Borehole in yard/plot 2232 Public borehole 2300 Unspecified well 2310 Unspecified well in residence/yard/plot 2311 Unspecified well in own dwelling 2312 Unspecified well in own yard/plot 2313 Handpump in yard/plot 2320 Unspecified public well 2321 Public shallow well 2322 Public traditional well 2323 Public handpump 2330 Unspecified neighbor's well 2340 Unspecified well by type 2341 Well with pump 2342 Well without pump 3000 SURFACE WATER 3100 Spring 3110 Protected spring 3120 Unprotected spring 3200 River/dam/lake/ponds/streams/canal/irrigation channel 3210 River, stream 3220 Pond, lake 3230 Dam 3240 Canal or river/canal 3250 Irrigation ditch 3260 Dugout pond 3300 Channeled by gravity flow scheme 4000 RAINWATER 4100 Rainwater collected in tank 5000 PURCHASED FROM SUPPLIER 5100 Tanker truck 5200 Cart with small tank 5300 Water vendor 5400 Bottled water 5410 Sachet water (in a bag) 6000 OTHER SOURCE 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) 5201 Motorcycle with 3 wheels Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Major source of drinking water 19. What is the main source of drinking water for members of your household? PIPED WATER PIPED INSIDE DWELLING 11 PIPED OUTSIDE DWELLING 12 WELL WATER TUBE WELL OR DEEP TUBE WELL 21 SURFACE WELL OR OTHER WELL 22 SURFACE WATER POND OR TANK OR LAKE 31 RIVER OR STREAM 32 RAINWATER 41 OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 DRINKWTR (HV201) reports the household's main source of drinking water. Responses vary widely across surveys; see Comparability. The information in DRINKWTR is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 2213 Protected well in neighbor's residence/plot 9996 Non-resident 1000 PIPED WATER 1100 Piped into own dwelling/yard/plot 1110 Piped into own dwelling 1120 Piped into own yard/plot 1200 Piped outside own residence/plot 1210 Public tap/standpipe 1220 Piped into neighbor's dwelling/yard 2000 WELL WATER 2100 Unprotected/open well 2110 Open well in own dwelling/yard/plot 2111 Open well in own dwelling 2112 Open well in own yard/plot 2120 Open public well 2130 Open well in neighbor's residence 2200 Protected well 2210 Protected well in own dwelling/yard/plot 2211 Protected well in own dwelling 2212 Protected well in own yard/plot 2220 Protected public well 2230 Tube well or borehole 2231 Borehole in yard/plot 2232 Public borehole 2300 Unspecified well 2310 Unspecified well in residence/yard/plot 2311 Unspecified well in own dwelling 2312 Unspecified well in own yard/plot 2313 Handpump in yard/plot 2320 Unspecified public well 2321 Public shallow well 2322 Public traditional well 2323 Public handpump 2330 Unspecified neighbor's well 2340 Unspecified well by type 2341 Well with pump 2342 Well without pump 3000 SURFACE WATER 3100 Spring 3110 Protected spring/surface water 3120 Unprotected spring/surface water 3200 River/dam/lake/ponds/streams/canal/irrigation channel 3210 River, stream 3220 Pond, lake 3230 Dam 3240 Canal or river/canal 3250 Irrigation ditch 3260 Dugout pond 3300 Channeled by gravity flow scheme 4000 RAINWATER 4100 Rainwater collected in tank 5000 PURCHASED FROM SUPPLIER 5100 Tanker truck 5200 Cart with small tank 5300 Water vendor 5400 Bottled water 5410 Sachet water (in a bag) 6000 OTHER SOURCE 9998 Missing 1211 Public tap from filtration plant 1212 Public tap from stone pipes 5310 Water vendor from unknown source 5320 Water vendor from protected well 5330 Water vendor from unprotected well 5340 Water vendor from pond/lake 9999 NIU (not in universe) 5500 Community reverse osmosis plant 5201 Motorcycle with 3 wheels Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS HH treats water by: Boiling 19A. Do you boil drinking water? YES 1 NO 2 TRBOIL(HV237A) indicates whether the household boiled water to make it safer to drink. The information in TRBOIL is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 12 Yes, some of the time 11 Yes, most of the time 00 No 96 Non-resident 10 Yes 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS House has telephone (household record) 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 HHPHONEHH (HV221) indicates whether any member of the household has a telephone (based on information from the household record). The information in HHPHONEHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has bicycle (from HH record) 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 BIKEHH (HV210) indicates whether any member of the household has a bicycle. The information in BIKEHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has motorcycle/scooter (from HH record) 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 MOTORCYCLHH (HV211) indicates whether any member of the household owns a motorcycle or scooter. The information in MOTORCYCLHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH owns homestead 27. Does your household own any homestead? IF 'NO', PROBE: Does your household own homestead any other places? YES 1 NO 2 HOMESTEAD indicates whether the household owns any homestead, either where members currently reside or in some other place. The term "homestead" generally refers to a house (most often a farmhouse), outbuildings, and the land on which these buildings are located. The information in HOMESTEAD is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH owns land (other than homestead) 27A. Does your household own any land (other than the homestead land)? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 29) NONHOMESTEAD indicates whether the household owns any land other than their homestead (i.e., other than the land where the family's house and outbuildings are located). The complementary variable HOMESTEAD indicates whether the household owns its homestead land. The information in NONHOMESTEAD is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has radio (from HH record) 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 RADIOHH (HV207) indicates whether any member of the household owns a radio. Some samples specified that the radio must be working or fit other specifications. See Comparability. The information in RADIOHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has television (from HH record) 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 TVHH (HV208) indicates whether any member of the household has a television. Some samples specified that the TV must be in working order. See Comparability. The information in TVHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has sewing machine 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 SEWMACHINE indicates whether the household had a sewing machine. 6 Non-resident 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has watch or clock 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 WATCHCLOCK indicates whether the household has access to a timepiece, either a watch or a clock. The related variable CLOCKONLY indicates whether the household has a clock. See Comparability. The information in WATCHCLOCK is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 6 Non-resident 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has bed 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 BED indicates whether the household had a bed. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has table and chairs 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 TABLECHARYN indicates whether the household has a table and chairs. The information in TABLECHARYN is taken from the household record, linked to the record of the woman respondent. This information applies to household residents, not temporary visitors, so researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2"). 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has bench 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 BENCHYN indicates whether the household has a bench. The information in BENCHYN is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has wardrobe or bookcase 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 WARDBOOKYN indicates whether the household has wardrobe or bookcase. The information in WARDBOOKYN is taken from the household record, linked to the record of the woman respondent. This information applies to household residents, not temporary visitors, so researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2"). 6 Non-resident 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has vulnerable group feeding card 30. Does your family have a vulnerable group feeding (VGF) card? YES 1 NO 2 HHVGFCARD indicates whether the household has a "vulnerable group feeding (VGF) card." The vulnerable group feeding cards were meant to be distributed to very poor people by the Bangladesh government, beginning in 1975. According to the International Labor Organization's description of the program: Programme provides in-kind wheat transfer to enable destitute rural women to improve their economic and social condition. A complementary package of development services was introduced in 1988, including health and nutrition education, literacy training, savings. Possession of a VGF card is not a certain marker of destitution, since an estimated 15 percent of the grain allotted was misallocated by local committees to better-off households for resale. The information in HHVGFCARD is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing Material hardship Variables -- TOPICS HH has income from social welfare source 31. Do you have any male or female member in this household who are receiving old age pension or widow or destitute benefit? YES 1 NO 2 HHWELFAREY indicates whether any member of the household has income from some type of social welfare program or pension. The information in HHWELFAREY is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing Material hardship Variables -- TOPICS HH consumption deficit or surplus 29. In terms of household food consumption, how do you classify your household: deficit in whole year; somewhat deficit; neither deficit nor surplus; surplus. DEFICIT IN WHOLE YEAR 1 SOMETIMES DEFICIT 2 NEITHER DEFICIT NOT SURPLUS 3 SURPLUS 4 CONSUMDEFICITFQ reports whether the household's (food) consumption could be best characterized as surplus, neither surplus nor deficit, occasional deficit, or always in deficit. The information in CONSUMDEFICITFQ is taken from the household record and applies to household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors (coded "2") using: RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis; HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis; RESIDENTMN variable when men are the unit of analysis. 10 Surplus 20 Neither deficit nor surplus 30 Deficit 31 Occasional/sometimes deficit 32 Always deficit 96 Non-resident 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Food insufficiency Variables -- TOPICS Currently working 119. Are you currently working? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 128) CURRWORKMN (MV714) indicates whether the man is currently working at a job or business. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Work Variables -- TOPICS Respondent works all year, seasonally, or occasionally 124. Do you usually work throughout the year, or do you work seasonally, or only once in a while? THROUGHOUT THE YEAR 1 (GO TO 126) SEASONALLY OR PART OF THE YEAR 2 ONCE IN A WHILE 3 WKEMPLOYWHENMN (MV732) indicates whether the man works throughout the year, seasonally, or occasionally. 1 All year 2 Seasonal 3 Occasional 4 Temporary 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Months worked in the last year 125. During the last 12 months, how many months did you work? NUMBER OF MONTHS ___ For men who work seasonally or occasionally, WKMONTHSYRMN (MV733) reports how many months they worked in the last year. 00 Less than 1 month 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Works for family, others, or self 123. Do you do this work for a member of your family, for someone else, or are you self-employed? FOR FAMILY MEMBER 1 FOR SOMEONE ELSE 2 SELF-EMPLOYED 3 WHOWORKFORMN (MV719) indicates whether the man works for a family member, for someone else, or is self-employed. 10 Works for self 11 Self-employed 12 Employer 20 For family member 21 For family member (unpaid) 30 For someone else 31 For someone else (unpaid) 32 For someone else (paid) 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Man's occupation 120. What is your occupation, that is, what kind of work do you mainly do? ___ WKCURRJOBMN (MV717) reports the occupation of the male respondent in somewhat standardized categories. The categories included, and the degree of detail within broad categories (e.g., self-employed versus employee in agriculture, or simply agriculture), vary across samples. IPUMS-DHS employs composite coding to maximize comparability across samples (using the first digit of the codes to indicate broad job categories) without loss of detailed information (preserved in the second digit). The category "agriculture" includes fishermen, foresters, breeders, and hunters as well as farmers. 00 Not currently working 10 Professional, technical, or managerial 20 Clerical or sales 21 Clerical 22 Sales 30 Agricultural 31 Agricultural, self-employed 32 Agricultural, employee 40 Household, domestic, and services 41 Household and domestic 42 Services 50 Skilled and unskilled manual 51 Skilled manual 52 Unskilled manual 60 Armed forces 95 Other 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Type of land where respondent works 122. Do you work mainly on your own land or on family land, or do you rent land or work on someone else's land? OWN LAND 1 FAMILY LAND 2 RENTED LAND 3 SOMEONE ELSE'S LAND 4 WKTYPELANDMN (MV740) reports the type of land where the respondent has done agricultural work (currently or in the last 12 months). 00 Does not use land 10 Own/family land 11 Own land 12 Family land 20 Someone else's land 30 Rented land 40 Other responses 41 Half-and-half 95 Other 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Household wealth index in quintiles WEALTHQMN (MV190) refers to the relative wealth of the household where the male respondent lives, divided into quintiles from the poorest (code 1) to the richest (code 5). The wealth index is defined in the DHS Recode Manuals as follows: The wealth index is a composite measure of a household's cumulative living standard. The wealth index is calculated using easy-to-use data on a household's ownership of selected assets, such as televisions and bicycles; materials used for housing construction; and types of water access and sanitation facilities. Generated with a statistical procedure known as principal components analysis, the wealth index places individual households on a continuous scale of relative wealth. DHS separates all interviewed households into five quintiles of wealth. For additional information about the calculation and meaning of the wealth index, users should consult the summary information about the wealth index on The DHS Program website here [URL omitted from DDI.] and/or the DHS Comparative Report on "The DHS Wealth Index" here [URL omitted from DDI.]. The complementary variable WEALTHSMN reports the wealth index factor score for the man's household in a specific sample. WEALTHQMN and WEALTHSMN are included on the man's record for Phase 5 forward only. IPUMS-DHS has made available these variables for Phase 2 forward, by linking the wealth index files to the men's data files. The variables used to calculate wealth index quintiles and the level of wealth implied by a specific ranking are sample-specific. See Comparability. 1 Poorest 2 Poorer 3 Middle 4 Richer 5 Richest 8 Missing Wealth index Variables -- TOPICS Wealth index factor score (5 decimals) WEALTHSMN (MV191) refers to the household's wealth index value generated by the product of standardized scores (z-scores) and factor coefficient scores (factor loadings) of wealth indicators. Most researchers will want to use instead the complementary variable WEALTHQMN (MV190), which reports quintile ranking (from poorest to richest) of the man's household, in terms of wealth score, for a given sample. For further information about the calculation and meaning of the wealth index, see the description of WEALTHQMN, the summary information about the wealth index on the DHS Program website here [URL omitted from DDI.] and/or the DHS Comparative Report on - The DHS Wealth Indexâ? here [URL omitted from DDI.]. The variables used to calculate wealth index scores are sample-specific. See Comparability. WEALTHSMN (MV191) is a 12-digit numeric variable. Wealth index Variables -- TOPICS Highest educational level 110. What is the highest level of school you attended: primary, secondary, or higher? PRIMARY 1 SECONDARY 2 COLLEGE OR UNIVERSITY 3 EDUCLVLMN (MV106) reports the highest level of school the male respondent attended. Countries vary in the gradations of their school systems, but EDUCLVLMN is a standardized variable reporting level of education in four broad categories: No education Primary Secondary Higher The DHS recode manuals state, "In some countries the educational system does not fit naturally within this scheme, and a different categorization was used for the Final Report. In this case, this variable is constructed as accurately as possible from the country's own scheme, and the variable used for the Final Report is included as a country-specific variable." 0 No education 1 Primary 2 Secondary 3 Higher 6 Other 8 Missing Education Variables -- TOPICS Highest year of education in level 111. What is the highest class you completed? CLASS ___ For men who ever attended school, YRSCHLMN (MV107) reports the number of years of education completed at the highest level of schooling achieved (primary, secondary, or higher), as reported in EDUCLVLMN (MV106). See Comparability. For the man's total years of education, see EDYRTOTALMN (MV133). 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 95 Other 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Man's total years of education 110. What is the highest level of school you attended: primary, secondary, or higher? PRIMARY 1 SECONDARY 2 COLLEGE OR UNIVERSITY 3 EDYRTOTALMN (MV133) reports the man's education level in single years. This variable is constructed from responses to EDUCLVLMN (MV106) and YRSCHLMN (MV107) as follows: If EDUCLVLMN = "No education," EDYRTOTALMN = "0" If EDUCLVLMN = "Primary," EDYRTOTALMN = YRSCHLMN If EDUCLVLMN = "Secondary," EDYRTOTALMN = YRSCHLMN + x If EDUCLVLMN = "Higher," EDYRTOTALMN = YRSCHLMN + y If EDUCLVLMN = "Missing," EDYRTOTALMN = "Missing" In the above equations, "x" equals the number of years needed to complete primary education, and "y" equals the number of years needed to complete primary and secondary education. The values of "x" and "y" are country-specific. 00 Less than 1 year 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 95 Other 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing Education Variables -- TOPICS Man's summary educational achievement 110. What is the highest level of school you attended: primary, secondary, or higher? PRIMARY 1 SECONDARY 2 COLLEGE OR UNIVERSITY 3 EDACHIEVERMN (MV149) is a summary variable that reports the man's highest level of education in broad categories. Countries vary in the gradations of their school systems, but EDACHIEVERMN is a standardized variable providing the level of education in six categories: No education, Incomplete primary Complete primary Incomplete secondary Complete secondary Higher EDACHIEVERMN is constructed from information contained in EDUCLVLMN (MV106) and YRSCHLMN (MV107). 0 No education 1 Incomplete primary 2 Complete primary 3 Incomplete secondary 4 Complete secondary 5 Higher 6 Other 8 Missing Education Variables -- TOPICS Fertility preference 504. CHECK 502: A. WIFE NOT PREGNANT OR UNSURE: Now I have some questions about the future. Would you like to have (a or another) child, or would you prefer not to have any (more) children? B. WIFE IS PREGNANT: Now I have some questions about the future. After the child your wife is expecting now, would you like to have another child, or would you prefer not to have any more children? HAVE (A OR ANOTHER) CHILD 1 NO MORE OR NONE 2 (GO TO 506) SAYS SHE CAN'T GET PREGNANT 3 (GO TO 511) SAYS HE CAN'T HAVE ANY MORE 4 (GO TO 511) UNDECIDED OR DON'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 511) FERTPREFMN (MV602) reports responses to the question, "Would you like to have a (another) child or would you prefer not to have any (more) children"? The standard response categories are "have another," "no more/none," "undecided," and various categories related to not being at risk of having more children (such as sterilization, infecundity, and not having a partner). In IPUMS-DHS, all responses in the general category of "not at risk of having more children" share a common first digit of 4, while the second digit distinguishes between the specific reasons (for example, code "41" for "Sterilized [respondent or partners]"). 10 Have another 20 Undecided 30 No more 40 Not at risk of having more children 41 Sterilized (respondent or partners) 42 Wife/partner declared infecund 43 Never had sex 44 Man declared infecund 45 No partner 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Desire for more children 504. CHECK 502: A. WIFE NOT PREGNANT OR UNSURE: Now I have some questions about the future. Would you like to have (a or another) child, or would you prefer not to have any (more) children? B. WIFE IS PREGNANT: Now I have some questions about the future. After the child your wife is expecting now, would you like to have another child, or would you prefer not to have any more children? HAVE (A OR ANOTHER) CHILD 1 NO MORE OR NONE 2 (GO TO 506) SAYS SHE CAN'T GET PREGNANT 3 (GO TO 511) SAYS HE CAN'T HAVE ANY MORE 4 (GO TO 511) UNDECIDED OR DON'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 511) KIDDESIREMN (MV605) is a constructed variable distinguishing between men who want another child soon (in less than two years), who want another child later (in 2+ years), who want no more children, and who aren't sure (about timing or about the number of children desired), This variable also identifies male respondents who are not at risk of having (more) children. 10 Wants more children 11 Wants within 2 years 12 Wants after 2+ years 13 Wants, unsure timing 20 Undecided 30 Wants no more 40 Not at risk of pregnancy 41 Sterilized 42 Declared infecuned 43 Never had sex 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ideal number of children 515. CHECK 203 AND 205: HAS LIVING CHILDREN: If you could go back to the time you did not have any children and could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be? NO LIVING CHILDREN: If you could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be? PROBE FOR A NUMERIC RESPONSE. NUMBER ___ OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 (GO TO 601) IDEALKIDMN (V613) reports the ideal total number of children the man would have liked to have in his whole life, regardless of how many children he had actually fathered. The information is collected through hypothetical questions such as, "If you could go back to the time you did not have any children and could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be?" (for men with living children) or "If you could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be?" (for men without living children). If the man responded with a range of values, IDEALKID reports the midpoint between those values. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, "If the midpoint is not an exact number then the number is rounded up in half the cases and rounded down for the other half." The questionnaires included space for non-numeric "other" responses, such as "Up to God." 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 83 84 84 85 85 86 86 87 87 88 88 89 89 90 90+ 94 God's will/ choice 95 As many as possible 96 Other non-numeric responses 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ideal number of children (grouped) 515. CHECK 203 AND 205: HAS LIVING CHILDREN: If you could go back to the time you did not have any children and could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be? NO LIVING CHILDREN: If you could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be? PROBE FOR A NUMERIC RESPONSE. NUMBER ___ OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 (GO TO 601) Like IDEALKIDMN, IDEALKIDGRPMN (MV614) reports the total number of children the man would hypothetically like to have in his whole life, regardless of how many children he actually had, but top-codes numeric responses at 6+ children and codes non-numeric responses as 7. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6+ 7 Non-numeric response 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ideal number of boys 516. How many of these children would you like to be boys, how many would you like to be girls and for how many would it not matter? NUMBER OF BOYS ___ NUMBER OF GIRLS ___ EITHER ___ OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 Based on a follow-up question to IDEALKIDMN (MV613), which collects information about the ideal number of children the man would hypothetically want to have in his whole life, IDEALBOYSMN reports how many of these children would ideally be boys. Numeric responses to IDEALGIRLSMN (MV628), IDEALBOYSMN (MV627), and IDEALBOTHMN (MV629) should sum to the total number of children in IDEALKIDMN (MV613). Non-numeric responses (such as "up to God" or simply "Other") are allowed for each of these variables. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 83 84 84 85 85 90 Non-numeric responses 91 Up to God 92 As many as possible 93 It depends 94 No preference 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ideal number of girls 516. How many of these children would you like to be boys, how many would you like to be girls and for how many would it not matter? NUMBER OF BOYS ___ NUMBER OF GIRLS ___ EITHER ___ OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 Based on a follow-up question to IDEALKIDMN (MV613), which collects information about the ideal number of children the man would hypothetically want to have in his whole life, IDEALGIRLSMN reports how many of these children would ideally be girls. Numeric responses to IDEALGIRLSMN (MV628), IDEALBOYSMN (MV627), and IDEALBOTHMN (MV629) should sum to the total number of children in IDEALKIDMN (MV613). Non-numeric responses (such as "up to God" or simply "Other") are allowed for each of these variables. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 90 Non-numeric responses 91 Up to God 92 As many as possible 93 It depends 94 No preference 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ideal number of children of either sex 516. How many of these children would you like to be boys, how many would you like to be girls and for how many would it not matter? NUMBER OF BOYS ___ NUMBER OF GIRLS ___ EITHER ___ OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 Based on a follow-up question to IDEALKIDMN (MV613), which collects information about the ideal number of children the man would hypothetically want to have in his whole life, IDEALBOTHMN reports how many of these children could be of either sex. Numeric responses to IDEALGIRLSMN (MV628), IDEALBOYSMN (MV627), and IDEALBOTHMN (MV629) should sum to the total number of children in IDEALKIDMN (MV613). Non-numeric responses (such as "up to God" or simply "Other") are allowed for each of these variables. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 90 Non-numeric responses 91 Up to God 92 As many as possible 93 It depends 94 No preference 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Desired time for future birth 505. CHECK 502: WIFE IS NOT PREGNANT OR UNSURE: How long would you like to wit from now before the birth of (a or another) child? WIFE IS PREGNANT: After the birth of child you are expecting now, how long would you like to wait before the birth of another child? MONTHS 1 ___ YEARS 2 ___ SOON OR NOW 993 (GO TO 511) SAYS WIFE CAN'T GET PREGNANT 994 (GO TO 511) OTHER (SPECIFY) 996 (GO TO 511) DON'T KNOW 998 (GO TO 511) For men who want to have a(nother) child, IDEALBTHFUTMN (MV616) reports how long, in months or years, the man would ideally like to wait before the birth of a/another child. As with other standard DHS variables reporting time intervals, the first digit of the code specifies the time unit: 1 for months and 2 for years. The second and third digits specify the number of months or years--for example, code 112 for twelve months. 100 Less than 1 month 101 1 month 102 2 months 103 3 months 104 4 months 105 5 months 106 6 months 107 7 months 108 8 months 109 9 months 110 10 months 111 11 months 112 12 months 113 13 months 114 14 months 115 15 months 116 16 months 117 17 months 118 18 months 119 19 months 120 20 months 121 21 months 122 22 months 123 23 months 124 24 months 125 25 months 126 26 months 127 27 months 128 28 months 129 29 months 130 30 months 131 31 months 132 32 months 133 33 months 134 34 months 135 35 months 136 36 months 137 37 months 138 38 months 139 39 months 140 40 months 141 41 months 142 42 months 143 43 months 144 44 months 145 45 months 146 46 months 147 47 months 148 48 months 149 49 months 150 50 months 151 51 months 152 52 months 153 53 months 154 54 months 155 55 months 156 56 months 157 57 months 158 58 months 159 59 months 160 60 months 161 61 months 162 62 months 163 63 months 164 64 months 165 65 months 166 66 months 167 67 months 168 68 months 169 69 months 170 70 months 171 71 months 172 72 months 173 73 months 174 74 months 175 75 months 176 76 months 177 77 months 178 78 months 179 79 months 180 80 months 181 81 months 182 82 months 183 83 months 184 84 months 185 85 months 186 86 months 187 87 months 188 88 months 189 89 months 190 90 months 199 Months, number missing 200 Less than 1 year 201 1 year 202 2 years 203 3 years 204 4 years 205 5 years 206 6 years 207 7 years 208 8 years 209 9 years 210 10 years 211 11 years 212 12 years 213 13 years 214 14 years 215 15 years 216 16 years 217 17 years 218 18 years 219 19 years 220 20 years 221 21 years 222 22 years 223 23 years 224 24 years 225 25 years 226 26 years 227 27 years 228 28 years 229 29 years 230 30 years 231 31 years 232 32 years 233 33 years 234 34 years 235 35 years 236 36 years 237 37 years 238 38 years 239 39 years 240 40 years 241 41 years 242 42 years 243 43 years 244 44 years 245 45 years 246 46 years 247 47 years 248 48 years 249 49 years 250 50+ years 299 Years, number missing 993 Up to God 994 After marriage 995 Soon/now 996 Other 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Man's preferred waiting time for birth of a/another child 505. CHECK 502: WIFE IS NOT PREGNANT OR UNSURE: How long would you like to wit from now before the birth of (a or another) child? WIFE IS PREGNANT: After the birth of child you are expecting now, how long would you like to wait before the birth of another child? MONTHS 1 ___ YEARS 2 ___ SOON OR NOW 993 (GO TO 511) SAYS WIFE CAN'T GET PREGNANT 994 (GO TO 511) OTHER (SPECIFY) 996 (GO TO 511) DON'T KNOW 998 (GO TO 511) For men who want to have a/another child, PREFTIMECHMN (MV603) reports the amount of time they would like to wait before the birth of a/another child, in months or years, top-coded at 20 years. The related variable PREFTIMECHGPMN (MV604) presents the same information in years only, top-coded at 6+ years. 100 Less than 1 month (wants now) 101 1 month 102 2 months 103 3 months 104 4 months 105 5 months 106 6 months 107 7 months 108 8 months 109 9 months 110 10 months 111 11 months 112 12 months 113 13 months 114 14 months 115 15 months 116 16 months 117 17 months 118 18 months 119 19 months 120 20 months 121 21 months 122 22 months 123 23 months 124 24 months 125 25 months 126 26 months 127 27 months 128 28 months 129 29 months 130 30 months 131 31 months 132 32 months 133 33 months 134 34 months 135 35 months 136 36 months 137 37 months 138 38 months 139 39 months 140 40 months 141 41 months 142 42 months 143 43 months 144 44 months 145 45 months 146 46 months 147 47 months 148 48 months 149 49 months 150 50 months 151 51 months 152 52 months 153 53 months 154 54 months 155 55 months 156 56 months 157 57 months 158 58 months 159 59 months 160 60 months 161 61 months 162 62 months 163 63 months 164 64 months 165 65 months 166 66 months 167 67 months 168 68 months 169 69 months 199 Months, number missing 200 Less than 1 year 201 1 year 202 2 years 203 3 years 204 4 years 205 5 years 206 6 years 207 7 years 208 8 years 209 9 years 210 10 years 211 11 years 212 12 years 213 13 years 214 14 years 215 15 years 216 16 years 217 17 years 218 18 years 219 19 years 220 20 years 221 21 years 222 22 years 223 23 years 224 24 years 225 25 years 226 26 years 227 27 years 228 28 years 229 29 years 230 30 years 231 31 years 232 32 years 233 33 years 234 34 years 235 35 years 236 36 years 237 37 years 238 38 years 239 39 years 240 40 years 241 41 years 242 42 years 243 43 years 244 44 years 245 45 years 246 46 years 247 47 years 248 48 years 249 49 years 250 50 years 251 51 years 252 52 years 253 53 years 254 54 years 255 55 years 256 56 years 257 57 years 258 58 years 259 59 years 260 60 years 261 61 years 262 62 years 263 63 years 264 64 years 265 65 years 266 66 years 267 67 years 268 68 years 269 69 years 270 70 years 271 71 years 272 72 years 273 73 years 274 74 years 275 75 years 276 76 years 277 77 years 278 78 years 279 79 years 280 80 years 281 81 years 282 82 years 283 83 years 284 84 years 285 85 years 286 86 years 287 87 years 288 88 years 289 89 years 290 90 years 298 Years, don't know number 299 Years, number missing 992 Up to God 993 After marriage 995 Soon or immediately 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Man's preferred waiting time for birth of a/another child (grouped) 505. CHECK 502: WIFE IS NOT PREGNANT OR UNSURE: How long would you like to wit from now before the birth of (a or another) child? WIFE IS PREGNANT: After the birth of child you are expecting now, how long would you like to wait before the birth of another child? MONTHS 1 ___ YEARS 2 ___ SOON OR NOW 993 (GO TO 511) SAYS WIFE CAN'T GET PREGNANT 994 (GO TO 511) OTHER (SPECIFY) 996 (GO TO 511) DON'T KNOW 998 (GO TO 511) For men who want to have a/another child, PREFTIMECHGPMN (MV604) reports the amount of time, in years, they would like to wait before the birth of a/another child, top-coded at 6+ years. The related variable PREFTIMECHMN (MV603) presents the same information in more detail, in terms of months or years, top-coded at 20 years. 00 Less than 1 year 01 1 year 02 2 years 03 3 years 04 4 years 05 5 years 06 6+ years 96 Non-numeric 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Knows any type of FP method 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard or (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them for becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeeds frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES 1 (SPECIFY) PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPKNOTYPMN (MV301) is a summary (recoded) variable indicating whether the man knows about any family planning method(s) and, if so, what type of method (modern method or only a traditional or folkloric method). In the DHS, modern methods are the Pill, IUDs, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet) that vary across samples. 0 Knows no method 1 Knows only folkloric method 2 Knows only traditional method 3 Knows modern method 9 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Knows about the Pill for FP 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard or (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them for becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeeds frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES 1 (SPECIFY) PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPKNOPILLMN (MV304_01) indicates whether the man knows about the Pill as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. In probing questions, the Pill is often described by the following text: Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Knows about IUD for FP 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard or (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them for becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeeds frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES 1 (SPECIFY) PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPKNOIUDMN (MV304_02) indicates whether the man knows about IUDs (intra-uterine devices) as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. In probing questions, an IUD is often described by the following text: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Knows about injectable FP 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard or (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them for becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeeds frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES 1 (SPECIFY) PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPKNOINJMN (MV304_03) indicates whether the man knows about injectables as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. In probing questions, injectables are often described by the following text: Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Knows about condom for FP 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard or (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them for becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeeds frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES 1 (SPECIFY) PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPKNOCONMN (MV304_05) indicates whether the man knows about male condoms as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. In probing questions, male condoms are often described by the following text: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Knows about female sterilization for FP 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard or (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them for becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeeds frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES 1 (SPECIFY) PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPKNOFSTMN (MV304_06) indicates whether the man knows about female sterilization as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. In probing questions, female sterilization is often described by the following text: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Knows about male sterilization for FP 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard or (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them for becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeeds frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES 1 (SPECIFY) PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPKNOMSTMN (MV304_07) indicates whether the man knows about male sterilization as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. In probing questions, male sterilization is often described by the following text: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Knows about rhythm/periodic abstinence for FP 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard or (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them for becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeeds frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES 1 (SPECIFY) PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPKNORHYMN (MV304_08) indicates whether the man knows about the rhythm method or periodic abstinence as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. In probing questions, the rhythm method or period abstinence is often described by the following text: To avoid pregnancy, women do not have sexual intercourse on the days of the month they think they can get pregnant. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Knows about withdrawal for FP 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard or (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them for becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeeds frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES 1 (SPECIFY) PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPKNOWDMN (MV304_09) indicates whether the man knows about withdrawal as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. In probing questions, withdrawal is often described by the following text: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Knows about implants or Norplant for FP 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard or (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them for becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeeds frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES 1 (SPECIFY) PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPKNOIMPMN (MV304_11) indicates whether the man knows about implants (such as Norplant) as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. In probing questions, implants are often described by the following text: Women can have one or more small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Knows about lactational amenorrhea for FP 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard or (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them for becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeeds frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES 1 (SPECIFY) PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPKNOLAMMN (MV304_13) indicates whether the man knows about the lactational amenorrhea method (LAM) as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. In probing questions, LAM is often described by the following text: Up to six months after childbirth, before the menstrual period has returned, women use a method requiring frequent breastfeeding day and night. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Knows about diaphragm, foam, or jelly for FP 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard or (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them for becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeeds frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES 1 (SPECIFY) PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPKNODIAFJMN indicates whether the man knows about the diaphragm, foam, or (spermacidal) jelly as methods for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. In probing questions, the diaphragm, foam, or jelly is often described by the following text: Women can place a sponge, suppository, diaphragm, jelly, or cream inside themselves before intercourse. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneous 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Knows about menstrual regulation for FP 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard or (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them for becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeeds frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES 1 (SPECIFY) PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPKNOMENREGMN indicates whether the man knows about menstrual regulation as a method for family planning. The process of menstrual regulation is defined on the survey form as follows: when a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health facility and have a tube inserted in her to bring her period. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Knows about other method for FP 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard or (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them for becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeeds frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES 1 (SPECIFY) PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPKNOOMMN indicates whether the man knows about any other family planning methods. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific family planning methods included in a particular sample. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Current FP use by method type 311. Which method are you using? 311A. CIRCLE '2' FOR MALE STERILIZATION. FEMALE STERILIZATION 01 (GO TO 313) MALE STERILIZATION 02 (GO TO 313) PILL 03 (GO TO 314) IUD 04 (GO TO 314) INJECTIONS 05 (GO TO 314) IMPLANTS 06 (GO TO 314) CONDOM 07 PERIODIC ABSTINENCE 09 (GO TO 314) WITHDRAWAL 10 (GO TO 314) LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD 11 (GO TO 314) OTHER METHOD (SPECIFY) 96 (GO TO 314) FPTYPNOWMN (MV313) indicates whether the man is currently using a modern, traditional, or folkloric method of contraception. In the DHS, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. 0 No method 1 Folkloric method 2 Traditional method 3 Modern method 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Current method of FP 311. Which method are you using? 311A. CIRCLE '2' FOR MALE STERILIZATION. FEMALE STERILIZATION 01 (GO TO 313) MALE STERILIZATION 02 (GO TO 313) PILL 03 (GO TO 314) IUD 04 (GO TO 314) INJECTIONS 05 (GO TO 314) IMPLANTS 06 (GO TO 314) CONDOM 07 PERIODIC ABSTINENCE 09 (GO TO 314) WITHDRAWAL 10 (GO TO 314) LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD 11 (GO TO 314) OTHER METHOD (SPECIFY) 96 (GO TO 314) FPMETHNOWMN (MV312) reports the contraceptive method the man is currently using. Answers are grouped under the broad categories of "modern methods," "traditional methods," and "other methods," each with a different first digit. Specific methods are distinguished by the second and third digits. See FPEVUSEMN (MV302) for more information on broad categories of contraceptive methods. 000 Not using 100 MODERN METHODS 101 Pill 102 IUD 103 Norplant/implants 104 Injections 110 Diaphragm/foam/jelly 111 Diaphragm 112 Foam or jelly 120 Condom 121 Male condom 122 Female condom 130 Sterilization 131 Female sterilization 132 Male sterilization 140 Lactional amenorrhea (LAM) 141 Prolonged breastfeeding 150 Emergency contraception 190 Other modern method 191 Contraceptive patch 200 TRADITIONAL METHODS 210 Abstinence or period abstinence 211 Periodic abstinence 212 Cycle beads/standard days method (SDM) 213 (Prolonged) abstinence 214 Cervical mucus method 219 National family planning, unspecified 220 Withdrawal 290 Other traditional/folkloric 291 Herbs 292 Gris-gris/amulet 293 Tafo 294 Strings 300 OTHER 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Pattern of use of contraceptive method FPUSPATRNMN (MV361) reports the man's pattern of contraceptive use by indicating whether he is currently using, has used in the past, or has never used contraception. 10 Currently using 20 Ever used, but not currently using 21 Used in last 12 months 22 Used before last 12 months 30 Never used Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS FP current use or future intention 512. Do you think you will use a method to delay or avoid a pregnancy at any time in the future? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 514) DON'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 514) FPUSINTENTMN (MV364) is a constructed variable, drawing on responses to multiple survey questions, that divides men into the following categories: Men who are currently using a contraceptive method (either modern or traditional) Men who are not now using contraception but intend to do so in the future Men who are neither using contraception now nor intend to do so in the future Men (in a minority of samples) who never had sex. IPUMS-DHS users are encouraged to review FPMETHNOWMN (MV312) and FPUSPLANMN (MV362) for additional information on the variables used to construct FPUSINTENTMN. 1 Using modern method 2 Using traditional method 3 Non-user intending to use 4 Does not intend to use 5 Never had sex Future use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Intention to use FP in future 512. Do you think you will use a method to delay or avoid a pregnancy at any time in the future? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 514) DON'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 514) FPUSPLANMN (MV362) is a constructed variable, based on multiple survey questions. The variable reports, for men not currently using contraception, whether the man intends to use contraception in the future and, if so, when he intends to begin use (in the next 12 months or later). Men uncertain about future contraceptive use are subdivided into those who are unsure about using a method and those unsure about the timing of planned future use. 10 Will use in future 11 Use in next 12 months 12 Use later 20 Unsure about future use 21 Unsure about timing 22 Unsure about use 30 Does not intend to use 40 Never had sex 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Future use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Preferred future FP method 513. Which method would you prefer to use? NO CODE CIRCLED 00 (GO TO 515) FEMALE STERILIZATION 01 (GO TO 515) MALE STERILIZATION 02 (GO TO 515) PILL 03 (GO TO 515) IUD 04 (GO TO 515) INJECTIONS 05 (GO TO 515) IMPLANTS 06 (GO TO 515) CONDOM 07 (GO TO 515) PERIODIC ABSTINENCE 09 (GO TO 515) WITHDRAWAL 10 (GO TO 515) LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD 11 (GO TO 515) OTHER METHOD (SPECIFY) 96 (GO TO 515) For men not currently using a contraceptive method but intending to do so in the future, FPMETHFUTRMN (MV363) reports the family planning method the man would prefer to use. Answers are grouped under the broad categories of "modern methods," "traditional methods," and "other methods," each with a different first digit. Specific methods are distinguished by the second and third digits. Closely related responses, such as various groupings of diaphragm/foam/jelly, share the first 2 digits in common, while the third digit distinguishes the exact response category. 100 MODERN METHODS 101 Pill 102 IUD 103 Norplant/implants 104 Injections 110 Diaphragm/foam/jelly 111 Diaphragm 112 Foam or jelly 120 Condom 121 Male condom 122 Female condom 130 Sterilization 131 Female sterilization 132 Male sterilization 140 Lactional amenorrhea (LAM) 141 Prolonged breastfeeding 150 Emergency contraception 190 Other modern method 191 Contraceptive patch 192 Menstrual regulation 200 TRADITIONAL METHODS 210 Abstinence or period abstinence 211 Periodic abstinence 212 Cycle beads/standard days method (SDM) 213 (Prolonged) abstinence 214 Cervical mucus method 219 National family planning, unspecified 220 Withdrawal 290 Other traditional/folkloric 291 Herbs 292 Gris-gris/amulet 293 Tafo 294 Strings 295 Religion 300 OTHER 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Future use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Why does not intend to use FP in future 514. What is the main reason that you think you will not use a method at any time in the future? FERTILITY-RELATED REASONS NOT HAVING SEX 11 INFREQUENT SEX 12 MENOPAUSAL OR HYSTERECTOMY 13 SUB FECUND OR INFECUND 14 POST PARTUM AMENORRHEIC 15 BREASTFEEDING 16 FATALISTIC 17 OPPOSITION TO USE RESPONDENT OPPOSED 21 WIFE OPPOSED 22 OTHERS OPPOSED 23 RELIGIOUS PROHIBITION 24 LACK OF KNOWLEDGE KNOW NO METHOD 31 KNOWS NO SOURCE 32 METHOD-RELATED REASONS HEALTH CONCERNS 41 FEAR OF SIDE EFFECTS 42 LACK OF ACCESS OR TOO FAR 43 COST TOO MUCH 45 INCONVENIENT TO USE 46 INTERFERES WIT BODY'S NORMAL PROCESSES 47 OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 DON'T KNOW 98 For men who are not currently using a contraceptive method and do not intend to do so in future, FPYNOTFUSMN (MV376) reports why the man does not intend to use family planning in the future. Responses are grouped into the following broad categories, each with a different first digit: not married, other low fertility risk, wants children, opposition to use, lack of knowledge, method-related, and other. Specific responses within these categories are distinguished by the second digit of the codes. 10 NOT MARRIED 11 Not married 12 Not intending to marry 20 OTHER LOW FERTILITY RISK 21 Not having sex 22 Infrequent sex 23 Menopausal or hysterectomy 24 Subfecund or infecund 25 Postpartum or breastfeeding 30 WANTS CHILDREN 31 Wants more children 32 Fatalistic 40 OPPOSITION TO USE 41 Respondent opposed 42 Wife/partner opposed 43 Others opposed 44 Religious prohibition 45 Cultural taboo 46 Up to women to use 50 LACK OF KNOWLEDGE 51 Knows no method 52 Knows no source 60 METHOD-RELATED 61 Health concerns 62 Fear of side effects 63 Lack of access 64 Cost too much 65 Inconvenient to use 66 Interfere with body 94 No reason 95 Other 96 Doesn't know if will use in future 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Future use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use any type of FP (folkloric, traditional, modern) 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Have you ever had a wife who had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. YES 1 NO 2 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them for becoming pregnant for several months. YES 1 NO 2 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. YES 1 NO 2 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. YES 1 NO 2 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeeds frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. YES 1 NO 2 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSEMN (MV302) is a constructed variable that reports whether the man has ever used a family planning method and, if so, whether he used a modern contraceptive method or only a traditional or folkloric method. In the DHS, modern methods are pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. 0 Never used 1 Used only folkloric method 2 Used only traditional method 3 Used modern method Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever usethe Pill for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Have you ever had a wife who had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. YES 1 NO 2 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them for becoming pregnant for several months. YES 1 NO 2 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. YES 1 NO 2 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. YES 1 NO 2 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeeds frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. YES 1 NO 2 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSPILLMN (MV305_01) indicates whether the man or any of his partners have ever used the Pill to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use IUD for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Have you ever had a wife who had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. YES 1 NO 2 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them for becoming pregnant for several months. YES 1 NO 2 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. YES 1 NO 2 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. YES 1 NO 2 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeeds frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. YES 1 NO 2 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSIUDMN (MV305_02) indicates whether the man or any of his partners have ever used an IUD to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use injectable for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Have you ever had a wife who had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. YES 1 NO 2 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them for becoming pregnant for several months. YES 1 NO 2 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. YES 1 NO 2 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. YES 1 NO 2 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeeds frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. YES 1 NO 2 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSINJMN (MV305_03) indicates whether the man or any of his partners have ever used injectables to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use condom for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Have you ever had a wife who had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. YES 1 NO 2 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them for becoming pregnant for several months. YES 1 NO 2 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. YES 1 NO 2 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. YES 1 NO 2 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeeds frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. YES 1 NO 2 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSCONMN (MV305_05) indicates whether the man has ever used condoms to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use female sterilization for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Have you ever had a wife who had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. YES 1 NO 2 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them for becoming pregnant for several months. YES 1 NO 2 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. YES 1 NO 2 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. YES 1 NO 2 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeeds frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. YES 1 NO 2 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSFSTMN (MV305_06) indicates whether the man or any of his partners have ever used female sterilization to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use male sterilization for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Have you ever had a wife who had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. YES 1 NO 2 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them for becoming pregnant for several months. YES 1 NO 2 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. YES 1 NO 2 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. YES 1 NO 2 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeeds frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. YES 1 NO 2 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSMSTMN (MV305_07) indicates whether the man has ever used male sterilization to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use rhythm/periodic abstinence for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Have you ever had a wife who had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. YES 1 NO 2 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them for becoming pregnant for several months. YES 1 NO 2 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. YES 1 NO 2 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. YES 1 NO 2 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeeds frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. YES 1 NO 2 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSRHYMN (MV305_08) indicates whether the man or his partners have ever used the rhythm method or periodic abstinence to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use withdrawal for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Have you ever had a wife who had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. YES 1 NO 2 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them for becoming pregnant for several months. YES 1 NO 2 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. YES 1 NO 2 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. YES 1 NO 2 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeeds frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. YES 1 NO 2 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSWDMN (MV305_09) indicates whether the man has ever used the withdrawal method to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use implants for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Have you ever had a wife who had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. YES 1 NO 2 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them for becoming pregnant for several months. YES 1 NO 2 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. YES 1 NO 2 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. YES 1 NO 2 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeeds frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. YES 1 NO 2 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSIMPMN (MV305_11) indicates whether the man or any of his partners have ever used implants (such as Norplant) to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use lactational amenorrhea method (LAM) for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Have you ever had a wife who had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. YES 1 NO 2 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them for becoming pregnant for several months. YES 1 NO 2 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. YES 1 NO 2 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. YES 1 NO 2 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeeds frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. YES 1 NO 2 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSLAMMN (MV305_13) indicates whether the man or any of his partners have ever used the lactational amenorrhea method (LAM) to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use diaphragm, foam, or jelly for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Have you ever had a wife who had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. YES 1 NO 2 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them for becoming pregnant for several months. YES 1 NO 2 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. YES 1 NO 2 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. YES 1 NO 2 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeeds frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. YES 1 NO 2 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSDIAFJMN indicates whether the man or any of his partners have ever used diaphragms, foam, or jelly to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use menstrual regulation for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Have you ever had a wife who had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. YES 1 NO 2 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them for becoming pregnant for several months. YES 1 NO 2 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. YES 1 NO 2 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. YES 1 NO 2 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeeds frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. YES 1 NO 2 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSMENREGMN indicates whether the man or any of his partners have ever used menstrual regulation to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Menstrual regulation (MR) is recognized as part of Bangladesh's national family planning program. MR uses manual vacuum aspiration or a combination of drugs (mifepristone and misoprostol) after menstruation has not occurred for a short period. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use other method for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Have you ever had a wife who had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. YES 1 NO 2 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them for becoming pregnant for several months. YES 1 NO 2 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. YES 1 NO 2 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. YES 1 NO 2 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeeds frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. YES 1 NO 2 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSOMMN (MV305_10) indicates whether the man or any of his partners have ever used some other method to delay or avoid a pregnancy. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific family planning methods included in a particular sample. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Why not using FP to avoid pregnancy 509. CHECK 504: WANTS A OR ANOTHER CHILD(REN): You have said that you do not want (a or another child soon, but you are not using any method to avoid pregnancy. Can you tell me why? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. FERTILITY-RELATED REASONS NOT HAVING SEX A INFREQUENT SEX B MENOPAUSAL OR HYSTERECTOMY C SUB FECUND OR INFECUND D POST PARTUM AMENORRHEIC E BREASTFEEDING F FATALISTIC G OPPOSITION TO USE RESPONDENT OPPOSED H WIFE OPPOSED I OTHERS OPPOSED J RELIGIOUS PROHIBITION K LACK OF KNOWLEDGE KNOW NO METHOD L KNOWS NO SOURCE M METHOD-RELATED REASONS HEALTH CONCERNS N FEAR OF SIDE EFFECTS O LACK OF ACCESS OR TOO FAR P COST TOO MUCH Q INCONVENIENT TO USE R INTERFERES WIT BODY'S NORMAL PROCESSES S OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z For men who are not currently using a contraceptive method, FPYNOTUSMN (MV375A) reports why the man is not using a family planning method to avoid pregnancy. Responses are grouped into broad categories of "not married,' "other low fertility risk," "wants children," "opposition to use," "lack of knowledge," "method-related," and "other," each beginning with a different first digit. Subcategories under these broad headings are distinguished by the second digit. 10 NOT MARRIED 11 Not married 12 Not intending to marry 13 Away 14 Casual sex partner/not his responsibility 20 OTHER LOW FERTILITY RISK 21 Not having sex 22 Infrequent sex 23 Menopausal or hysterectomy 24 Subfecund or infecund 25 Postpartum, breastfeeding 26 Pregnant 27 Too young (not having periods) 30 WANTS CHILDREN 31 Wants more children 32 Fatalistic 40 OPPOSITION TO USE 41 Respondent opposed 42 Wife/partner opposed 43 Others opposed 44 Religious prohibition 45 Cultural taboo 46 Contraception is women's business 50 LACK OF KNOWLEDGE 51 Knows no method 52 Knows no source 60 METHOD-RELATED 61 Health concerns 62 Fear side effects 63 Lack of access 64 Cost too much 65 Inconvenient to use 66 Interfere with body 70 OTHER 71 No need (condom used to prevent STI or AIDS) 94 No reason 95 Other (unspecified) 96 Multiple responses 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Why not use family planning Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: the Pill 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard or (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them for becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeeds frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES 1 (SPECIFY) PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPTYPPILLMN (M304A_01) reports whether the Pill is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS, generally modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOWMN (MV313), which indicates whether the man's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: IUD 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard or (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them for becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeeds frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES 1 (SPECIFY) PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPTYPIUDMN (M304A_02) reports whether IUDs (intrauterine devices) are considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS, generally modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOWMN (MV313), which indicates whether the man's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Injectables 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard or (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them for becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeeds frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES 1 (SPECIFY) PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPTYPINJMN (M304A_03) reports whether injectables are considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS, generally modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOWMN (MV313), which indicates whether the man's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Condom 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard or (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them for becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeeds frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES 1 (SPECIFY) PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPTYPCONMN (M304A_05) reports whether condoms are considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS, generally modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOWMN (MV313), which indicates whether the man's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Female sterilization 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard or (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them for becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeeds frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES 1 (SPECIFY) PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPTYPFSTMN (M304A_06) reports whether female sterilization is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS, generally modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOWMN (MV313), which indicates whether the man's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Male sterilization 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard or (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them for becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeeds frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES 1 (SPECIFY) PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPTYPMSTMN (M304A_07) reports whether male sterilization is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS, generally modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOWMN (MV313), which indicates whether the man's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Rhythm method/periodic abstinence 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard or (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them for becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeeds frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES 1 (SPECIFY) PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPTYPRHYMN (M304A_08) reports whether the rhythm method or periodic abstinence is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS, generally modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOWMN (MV313), which indicates whether the man's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Withdrawal 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard or (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them for becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeeds frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES 1 (SPECIFY) PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPTYPWDMN (M304A_09) reports whether withdrawal is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS, generally modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOWMN (MV313), which indicates whether the man's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Implants or Norplant 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard or (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them for becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeeds frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES 1 (SPECIFY) PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPTYPIMPMN (M304A_11) reports whether implants or Norplant are considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS, generally modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOWMN (MV313), which indicates whether the man's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Lactational amenorrhea method (LAM) 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard or (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them for becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeeds frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES 1 (SPECIFY) PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPTYPLAMMN (M304A_13) reports whether the lactational amenorrhea method (LAM) is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS, generally modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOWMN (MV313), which indicates whether the man's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Diaphragm, foam, or jelly 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard or (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them for becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeeds frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES 1 (SPECIFY) PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPTYPDIAFJMN reports whether the diaphragm, foam, or (spermacidal) jelly are considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS, generally modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOWMN (MV313), which indicates whether the man's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Menstrual regulation 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard or (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them for becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeeds frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES 1 (SPECIFY) PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPTYPMENREGMN reports whether menstrual regulation is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. The process of menstrual regulation is defined on the survey form as follows: when a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health facility and have a tube inserted in her to bring her period. In the DHS, generally modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOWMN (MV313), which indicates whether the man's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Other method (unspecified) 301. Which ways or methods have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard or (METHOD)? 01. FEMALE STERILIZATION: Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 02. MALE STERILIZATION, VASECTOMY: Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 03. PILL, MAYA: Women can take a pill every day. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 04. IUD: Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 05. INJECTIONS: Women can have an injection by a doctor or nurse which stops them for becoming pregnant for several months. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 06. IMPLANTS, NORPLANTS: Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for several years. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 07. CONDOM, RAJA: Men can put a rubber sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 08. MENSTRUAL REGULATION, MR: When a woman's menstrual period does not come on time, she can go to a health centre or to the FWV and have a tube put in her for a short while to bring her period. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 09. SAFE PERIOD, COUNTING DAYS, CALENDAR, RHYTHM METHOD: Couples can avoid having sexual intercourse on certain days of the month when the woman is more likely to get pregnant. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL: Men can be careful and pull out before climax. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 11. LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA METHOD (LAM): Up to 6 months after childbirth, a woman can use a method that requires that she breastfeeds frequently, day and night, and that her menstrual period has not returned. SPONTANEOUS YES 1 PROBED YES 2 NO 3 12. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? SPONTANEOUS YES 1 (SPECIFY) PROBED YES 2 NO 3 FPTYPOMMN reports whether the unspecified "other" methods are considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific family planning methods included in a particular sample. In the DHS, generally modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOWMN (MV313), which indicates whether the man's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Ever heard of HIV/AIDS SECTION 7. AIDS AND OTHER SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES 701. Now I would like to talk about something else. Have you ever heard of an illness called AIDS? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 718) AIDSHEARDMN (MV751) indicates whether the man has heard of AIDS/HIV. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing General HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Thinks a healthy-looking person can have HIV 710. Is it possible for a healthy-looking person to have the AIDS virus? YES 1 NO 2 DON'T KNOW 8 AIDHEALTHYMN (MV756) indicates whether the man thinks it is possible for a healthy-looking person to have the AIDS virus/HIV. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Having only 1 partner with no other partners reduces HIV/AIDS risk 706. If a person has sex with only one partner, does this person have a greater or a lesser chance of getting AIDS than a person who has sex with many partners? GREATER CHANCE OF AIDS 1 LESSER CHANCE OF AIDS 2 DON'T KNOW 8 AID1PARLOWRYNMN (MV754DP) indicates whether the man believes having sex with only one (uninfected) partner who has no other sex partners reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Always using condom during sex reduces HIV/AIDS risk 709. If a person uses a condom every time he or she has sexual intercourse, does this person have a greater or a lesser chance of getting AIDS than someone who doesn't use a condom? GREATER CHANCE OR AIDS 1 LESSER CHANCE OF AIDS 2 DON'T KNOW 8 AIDCONLOWRYNMN (MV754CP) indicates whether the man believes using a condom during sex reduces risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Knows there are ways to avoid HIV/AIDS 702. Is there anything a person can do to avoid getting AIDS or the virus that causes AIDS? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 710) DON'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 710) AIDPREVENTMN (MV753) indicates whether the respondent believes there are things a person can do to avoid HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Way to reduce AIDS risk: Not having sex (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEXT A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED NEEDLES OR SYRINGE J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BITES L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDABSTLOWRMN (MV754B) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported that abstaining from sex reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. For a similar variable using a yes/no question format, see AIDABSTLOWRYNMN (MV754BP). 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Way to reduce AIDS risk: Use condoms (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEXT A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED NEEDLES OR SYRINGE J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BITES L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDCONLOWRMN (MV754C) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported that using a condom during sex reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. For a similar variable using a yes/no question format, see AIDCONLOWRYNMN (MV754CP). 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Way to reduce AIDS risk: Only one sex partner (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEXT A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED NEEDLES OR SYRINGE J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BITES L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AID1PARLOWRMN (MV754D) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported that having only one sex partner reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. For a similar variable using a yes/no question format, see AID1PARLOWRYNMN (MV754DP). 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Way to reduce AIDS risk: Avoid sex with prostitutes (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEXT A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED NEEDLES OR SYRINGE J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BITES L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDPROSTLOWRMN (MV754E) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported that avoiding sex with prostitutes reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Way to reduce AIDS risk: Avoid homosexual intercourse (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEXT A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED NEEDLES OR SYRINGE J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BITES L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDSAMESEXLOWRMN (MV754F) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported that avoiding homosexual intercourse, or avoiding sex with homosexuals, reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Way to reduce AIDS risk: Avoid blood transfusions (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEXT A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED NEEDLES OR SYRINGE J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BITES L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDBLOODLOWRMN (MV754G) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported that avoiding blood transfusions reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Way to reduce AIDS risk: Avoid injections (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEXT A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED NEEDLES OR SYRINGE J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BITES L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDINJLOWRMN (MV754H) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported that avoiding injections reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Way to reduce AIDS risk: Avoid kissing (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEXT A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED NEEDLES OR SYRINGE J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BITES L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDKISSLOWRMN (MV754I) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported that avoiding kissing reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Way to reduce AIDS risk: Avoid mosquito bites (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEXT A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED NEEDLES OR SYRINGE J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BITES L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDBITELOWRMN (MV754J) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported that avoiding mosquito bites reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Way to reduce AIDS risk: Seek protection from traditional healer (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEXT A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED NEEDLES OR SYRINGE J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BITES L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDHEALLOWRMN (MV754K) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported that seeking protection from a traditional healer reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Way to reduce AIDS risk: Limit number of sexual partners (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEXT A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED NEEDLES OR SYRINGE J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BITES L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDLIMITLOWRMN (MV754L) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported that limiting the number of sexual partners reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Way to reduce AIDS risk: Avoid sex with IV drug users (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEXT A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED NEEDLES OR SYRINGE J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BITES L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDIVSEXLOWRMN (MV754N) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported that avoiding sex with intravenous (IV) drug users reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Way to reduce AIDS risk: Avoid sharing (razor) blades (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEXT A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED NEEDLES OR SYRINGE J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BITES L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDSHARPLOWRMN (MV754O) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported that avoiding sharing razor blades (with AIDS patients) reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Way to reduce AIDS risk: Only have sex within marriage (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEXT A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED NEEDLES OR SYRINGE J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BITES L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDMARRLOWRMN indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported that only having sex within marriage reduces the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Way to reduce AIDS risk: Other (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEXT A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED NEEDLES OR SYRINGE J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BITES L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDOTHLOWRMN (MV754X) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported some other way to reduce the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific categories included in a particular sample. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Way to reduce AIDS risk: Don't know (open-ended) 703. What can a person do? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAIN FROM SEXT A USE CONDOMS B LIMIT SEX WITHIN MARRIAGE C LIMIT SEX WITH TRUSTED PARTNER D AVOID SEX WITH PROSTITUTES E AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO HAVE MANY PARTNERS F AVOID SEX WITH HOMOSEXUALS G AVOID SEX WITH PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS INTRAVENOUSLY H AVOID UNSAFE BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS I AVOID UNSTERILIZED NEEDLES OR SYRINGE J AVOID KISSING K AVOID MOSQUITO BITES L SEEK PROTECTION FROM TRADITIONAL HEALER M AVOID SHARING RAZORS OR BLADES N OTHER (SPECIFY) W OTHER (SPECIFY) X DON'T KNOW Z AIDDKLOWRMN (MV754Z) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported he did not know any way to reduce the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. 0 No, knows way to avoid AIDS 1 Yes, does not know way to avoid AIDS 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Radio 701A. From which sources of information have you learned most about AIDS? Any other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TV B NEWSPAPER OR MAGAZINES C PAMPHLETS OR POSTERS D HEALTH WORKERS E MOSQUES OR TEMPLES OR CHURCHES F SCHOOLS OR TEACHERS G COMMUNITY MEETINGS H FRIENDS OR RELATIVES I WORK PLACE J BILL BOARD OR SIGN BOARD K OTHER (SPECIFY) X AIDSINFORADIOMN (MV752A) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the man reported the radio as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Radio 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Television 701A. From which sources of information have you learned most about AIDS? Any other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TV B NEWSPAPER OR MAGAZINES C PAMPHLETS OR POSTERS D HEALTH WORKERS E MOSQUES OR TEMPLES OR CHURCHES F SCHOOLS OR TEACHERS G COMMUNITY MEETINGS H FRIENDS OR RELATIVES I WORK PLACE J BILL BOARD OR SIGN BOARD K OTHER (SPECIFY) X AIDSINFOTVMN (MV752B) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the man reported television as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Newspaper/magazine 701A. From which sources of information have you learned most about AIDS? Any other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TV B NEWSPAPER OR MAGAZINES C PAMPHLETS OR POSTERS D HEALTH WORKERS E MOSQUES OR TEMPLES OR CHURCHES F SCHOOLS OR TEACHERS G COMMUNITY MEETINGS H FRIENDS OR RELATIVES I WORK PLACE J BILL BOARD OR SIGN BOARD K OTHER (SPECIFY) X AIDSINFONEWSMN (MV752C) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the man reported newspapers or magazines as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Pamphlet/poster 701A. From which sources of information have you learned most about AIDS? Any other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TV B NEWSPAPER OR MAGAZINES C PAMPHLETS OR POSTERS D HEALTH WORKERS E MOSQUES OR TEMPLES OR CHURCHES F SCHOOLS OR TEACHERS G COMMUNITY MEETINGS H FRIENDS OR RELATIVES I WORK PLACE J BILL BOARD OR SIGN BOARD K OTHER (SPECIFY) X AIDSINFOPOSTERMN (MV752D) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the man reported posters or pamphlets/brochures as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Clinic/health worker 701A. From which sources of information have you learned most about AIDS? Any other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TV B NEWSPAPER OR MAGAZINES C PAMPHLETS OR POSTERS D HEALTH WORKERS E MOSQUES OR TEMPLES OR CHURCHES F SCHOOLS OR TEACHERS G COMMUNITY MEETINGS H FRIENDS OR RELATIVES I WORK PLACE J BILL BOARD OR SIGN BOARD K OTHER (SPECIFY) X AIDSINFOWKRMN (MV752E) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the man reported a clinic or health worker as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Church/mosque 701A. From which sources of information have you learned most about AIDS? Any other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TV B NEWSPAPER OR MAGAZINES C PAMPHLETS OR POSTERS D HEALTH WORKERS E MOSQUES OR TEMPLES OR CHURCHES F SCHOOLS OR TEACHERS G COMMUNITY MEETINGS H FRIENDS OR RELATIVES I WORK PLACE J BILL BOARD OR SIGN BOARD K OTHER (SPECIFY) X AIDSINFOCHURCHMN (MV752F) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the man reported a church or mosque as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: School/teacher 701A. From which sources of information have you learned most about AIDS? Any other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TV B NEWSPAPER OR MAGAZINES C PAMPHLETS OR POSTERS D HEALTH WORKERS E MOSQUES OR TEMPLES OR CHURCHES F SCHOOLS OR TEACHERS G COMMUNITY MEETINGS H FRIENDS OR RELATIVES I WORK PLACE J BILL BOARD OR SIGN BOARD K OTHER (SPECIFY) X AIDSINFOSCHOOLMN (MV752G) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the man reported a school or teacher as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Community meeting 701A. From which sources of information have you learned most about AIDS? Any other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TV B NEWSPAPER OR MAGAZINES C PAMPHLETS OR POSTERS D HEALTH WORKERS E MOSQUES OR TEMPLES OR CHURCHES F SCHOOLS OR TEACHERS G COMMUNITY MEETINGS H FRIENDS OR RELATIVES I WORK PLACE J BILL BOARD OR SIGN BOARD K OTHER (SPECIFY) X AIDSINFOCOMMMN (MV752H) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the man reported a community meeting as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Friend/relative 701A. From which sources of information have you learned most about AIDS? Any other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TV B NEWSPAPER OR MAGAZINES C PAMPHLETS OR POSTERS D HEALTH WORKERS E MOSQUES OR TEMPLES OR CHURCHES F SCHOOLS OR TEACHERS G COMMUNITY MEETINGS H FRIENDS OR RELATIVES I WORK PLACE J BILL BOARD OR SIGN BOARD K OTHER (SPECIFY) X AIDSINFOFRNDMN (MV752I) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the man reported a friend or relative as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Workplace 701A. From which sources of information have you learned most about AIDS? Any other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TV B NEWSPAPER OR MAGAZINES C PAMPHLETS OR POSTERS D HEALTH WORKERS E MOSQUES OR TEMPLES OR CHURCHES F SCHOOLS OR TEACHERS G COMMUNITY MEETINGS H FRIENDS OR RELATIVES I WORK PLACE J BILL BOARD OR SIGN BOARD K OTHER (SPECIFY) X AIDSINFOWORKMN (MV752J) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the man reported the workplace as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Spouse 701A. From which sources of information have you learned most about AIDS? Any other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TV B NEWSPAPER OR MAGAZINES C PAMPHLETS OR POSTERS D HEALTH WORKERS E MOSQUES OR TEMPLES OR CHURCHES F SCHOOLS OR TEACHERS G COMMUNITY MEETINGS H FRIENDS OR RELATIVES I WORK PLACE J BILL BOARD OR SIGN BOARD K OTHER (SPECIFY) X AIDSINFOSPOUMN indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the man reported his spouse or partner as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Other 701A. From which sources of information have you learned most about AIDS? Any other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TV B NEWSPAPER OR MAGAZINES C PAMPHLETS OR POSTERS D HEALTH WORKERS E MOSQUES OR TEMPLES OR CHURCHES F SCHOOLS OR TEACHERS G COMMUNITY MEETINGS H FRIENDS OR RELATIVES I WORK PLACE J BILL BOARD OR SIGN BOARD K OTHER (SPECIFY) X AIDSINFOOTHMN (MV752X) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the man reported some other source as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific response categories included in a particular sample. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Age at first intercourse 405. Now I need to ask you some questions about sexual activity in order to gain a better understanding of some family life issues. How old were you when you first had sexual intercourse (if ever)? NEVER 00 (GO TO 501) AGE IN YEARS ___ FIRST TIME WHEN STARTED LIVING WITH (FIRST) WIFE 96 AGE1STSEXMN (MV525) indicates the man's self-reported age for the first time he had sexual intercourse. 00 Not had intercourse 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 95 At first union 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing First or ever sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Age at first intercourse (imputed) 405. Now I need to ask you some questions about sexual activity in order to gain a better understanding of some family life issues. How old were you when you first had sexual intercourse (if ever)? NEVER 00 (GO TO 501) AGE IN YEARS ___ FIRST TIME WHEN STARTED LIVING WITH (FIRST) WIFE 96 AGE1STSEXIMPMN (MV531) reports the respondent's age at first sexual intercourse. This variable is the same as AGE1STSEXMN (MV525), except for men who reported their first sexual intercourse was at the time of their first union. For these men, the age at first sex is taken from the age at first union. In cases where the age at first sex was inconsistent with the age at conception of the first child, but only by one year, the age at first sex was reduced by one year. 00 Not had sex 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing First or ever sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Flag for age at first intercourse 405. Now I need to ask you some questions about sexual activity in order to gain a better understanding of some family life issues. How old were you when you first had sexual intercourse (if ever)? NEVER 00 (GO TO 501) AGE IN YEARS ___ FIRST TIME WHEN STARTED LIVING WITH (FIRST) WIFE 96 AGE1STSEXFLAGMN (MV532) is a flag variable reporting the type of inconsistency found when editing responses about when the respondent first had sexual intercourse. Below are descriptions of each code: 0 = No flag 1 = Respondent reported age at first sexual intercourse that exceeds his current age (AGEMN (MV012)) 2 = Respondent reported his age at first sexual intercourse as occurring more than one year after the conception of his first child 3 = Respondent reported his age at first sexual intercourse as occurring up to one year after the conception of his first child 4 = Respondent reported that his first sexual intercourse was at the time of his first marriage, but the respondent was never married (EVERMARRIEDMN (MV535)) 5 = Respondent reported that his first sexual intercourse was at the time of his first marriage, but his first marriage occurred after the conception of his first child 6 = Respondent reported his first sexual intercourse as being some time after his first marriage 0 No flag 1 After interview 2 After conception by 1 year or more 3 After conception by less than 1 year 4 At marriage, but never married 5 At marriage, but after conception 6 After marriage 8 Missing First or ever sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Soil type SOIL reports the predominant soil type within a 5-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The soil attributes reported in SOIL are: soil class (e.g., Leptosols), with 30 class categories, and soil type within that class (e.g., Lithic Leptosols). SOIL is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. SOIL is based on data from SoilGrids [URL omitted from DDI.]. SoilGrids is a system for automated soil mapping based on global soil profile and covariate data. There are 118 different soil types in the world according to SoilGrids [URL omitted from DDI.]. For the full list of codes and their meaning, see the soil legend [URL omitted from DDI.]. SOIL, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -998 Missing 0001 Haplic Acrisols 0002 Haplic Acrisols (Alumic) 0003 Haplic Acrisols (Ferric) 0004 Haplic Acrisols (Humic) 0005 Plinthic Acrisols 0006 Vetic Acrisols 0007 Haplic Albeluvisols 0008 Histic Albeluvisols 0009 Umbric Albeluvisols 0010 Cutanic Alisols 0011 Haplic Alisols 0012 Aluandic Andosols 0013 Haplic Andosols 0014 Vitric Andosols 0015 Albic Arenosols 0016 Ferralic Arenosols 0017 Haplic Arenosols 0018 Haplic Arenosols (Calcaric) 0019 Hypoluvic Arenosols 0020 Protic Arenosols 0021 Haplic Calcisols 0022 Haplic Calcisols (Sodic) 0023 Luvic Calcisols 0024 Petric Calcisols 0025 Endogleyic Cambisols 0026 Ferralic Cambisols 0027 Haplic Cambisols 0028 Haplic Cambisols (Calcaric) 0029 Haplic Cambisols (Chromic) 0030 Haplic Cambisols (Dystric) 0031 Haplic Cambisols (Eutric) 0032 Haplic Cambisols (Humic) 0033 Haplic Cambisols (Sodic) 0034 Leptic Cambisols 0035 Vertic Cambisols 0036 Calcic Chernozems 0037 Haplic Chernozems 0038 Luvic Chernozems 0039 Haplic Cryosols 0040 Turbic Cryosols 0041 Vitric Cryosols 0042 Petric Durisols 0043 Acric Ferralsols 0044 Haplic Ferralsols 0045 Haplic Ferralsols (Rhodic) 0046 Haplic Ferralsols (Xanthic) 0047 Umbric Ferralsols 0048 Haplic Fluvisols 0049 Haplic Fluvisols (Arenic) 0050 Haplic Fluvisols (Calcaric) 0051 Haplic Fluvisols (Dystric) 0052 Haplic Fluvisols (Eutric) 0053 Calcic Gleysols 0054 Haplic Gleysols 0055 Haplic Gleysols (Dystric) 0056 Haplic Gleysols (Eutric) 0057 Mollic Gleysols 0058 Umbric Gleysols 0059 Calcic Gypsisols 0060 Haplic Gypsisols 0061 Calcic Histosols 0062 Cryic Histosols 0063 Fibric Histosols 0064 Hemic Histosols 0065 Sapric Histosols 0066 Calcic Kastanozems 0067 Haplic Kastanozems 0068 Haplic Leptosols 0069 Haplic Leptosols (Eutric) 0070 Lithic Leptosols 0071 Mollic Leptosols 0072 Rendzic Leptosols 0073 Haplic Lixisols 0074 Haplic Lixisols (Chromic) 0075 Haplic Lixisols (Ferric) 0076 Albic Luvisols 0077 Calcic Luvisols 0078 Gleyic Luvisols 0079 Haplic Luvisols 0080 Haplic Luvisols (Chromic) 0081 Haplic Luvisols (Ferric) 0082 Leptic Luvisols 0083 Stagnic Luvisols 0084 Vertic Luvisols 0085 Alic Nitisols 0086 Haplic Nitisols (Rhodic) 0087 Haplic Phaeozems 0088 Leptic Phaeozems 0089 Luvic Phaeozems 0090 Endogleyic Planosols 0091 Haplic Planosols (Dystric) 0092 Haplic Planosols (Eutric) 0093 Luvic Planosols 0094 Solodic Planosols 0095 Acric Plinthosols 0096 Lixic Plinthosols 0097 Gleyic Podzols 0098 Haplic Podzols 0099 Aric Regosols 0100 Calcaric Regosols 0101 Haplic Regosols (Dystric) 0102 Haplic Regosols (Eutric) 0103 Haplic Regosols (Sodic) 0104 Leptic Regosols 0105 Gypsic Solonchaks 0106 Haplic Solonchaks 0107 Haplic Solonchaks (Sodic) 0108 Calcic Solonetz 0109 Gleyic Solonetz 0110 Haplic Solonetz 0111 Mollic Solonetz 0112 Luvic Stagnosols 0113 Haplic Umbrisols 0114 Leptic Umbrisols 0115 Calcic Vertisols 0116 Haplic Vertisols 0117 Haplic Vertisols (Eutric) 0118 Mollic Vertisols Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Ecoregion of household ECOREGION reports the predominant terrestrial ecoregion within a 5-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. ECOREGION reports the biogeographic region (e.g., Afrotropic), the habitat type (e.g., tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands), and the ecoregion (e.g., East Sudanian savanna) that are associated with each cluster location. ECOREGION is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. There are 825 terrestrial ecoregions in the world. Ecoregions are relatively large units of land containing distinct assemblages of natural communities and species, with boundaries that approximate the original extent of natural communities prior to major land-use change. The 5-digit codes in ECOREGION (e.g., 30129) include a 1-digit realm code (with 8 possible values), followed by a 2-digit biome code (with 14 possible values), and then a 2-digit ecoregion number. For the full list of codes and their meaning, see the ecoregion legend [URL omitted from DDI.]. ECOREGION, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -0998 Missing 10101 Admiralty Islands lowland rain forests 10102 Banda Sea Islands moist deciduous forests 10103 Biak-Numfoor rain forests 10104 Buru rain forests 10105 Central Range montane rain forests 10106 Halmahera rain forests 10107 Huon Peninsula montane rain forests 10108 Yapen rain forests 10109 Lord Howe Island subtropical forests 10110 Louisiade Archipelago rain forests 10111 New Britain-New Ireland lowland rain forests 10112 New Britain-New Ireland montane rain forests 10113 New Caledonia rain forests 10114 Norfolk Island subtropical forests 10115 Northern New Guinea lowland rain and freshwater swamp forests 10116 Northern New Guinea montane rain forests 10117 Queensland tropical rain forests 10118 Seram rain forests 10119 Solomon Islands rain forests 10120 Southeastern Papuan rain forests 10121 Southern New Guinea freshwater swamp forests 10122 Southern New Guinea lowland rain forests 10123 Sulawesi lowland rain forests 10124 Sulawesi montane rain forests 10125 Trobriand Islands rain forests 10126 Vanuatu rain forests 10127 Vogelkop montane rain forests 10128 Vogelkop-Aru lowland rain forests 10201 Lesser Sundas deciduous forests 10202 New Caledonia dry forests 10203 Sumba deciduous forests 10204 Timor and Wetar deciduous forests 10401 Chatham Island temperate forests 10402 Eastern Australian temperate forests 10403 Fiordland temperate forests 10404 Nelson Coast temperate forests 10405 North Island temperate forests 10406 Northland temperate kauri forests 10407 Rakiura Island temperate forests 10408 Richmond temperate forests 10409 Southeast Australia temperate forests 10410 South Island temperate forests 10411 Tasmanian Central Highland forests 10412 Tasmanian temperate forests 10413 Tasmanian temperate rain forests 10414 Westland temperate forests 10701 Arnhem Land tropical savanna 10702 Brigalow tropical savanna 10703 Cape York Peninsula tropical savanna 10704 Carpentaria tropical savanna 10705 Einasleigh upland savanna 10706 Kimberly tropical savanna 10707 Mitchell grass downs 10708 Trans Fly savanna and grasslands 10709 Victoria Plains tropical savanna 10801 Cantebury-Otago tussock grasslands 10802 Eastern Australia mulga shrublands 10803 Southeast Australia temperate savanna 11001 Australian Alps montane grasslands 11002 Central Range sub-alpine grasslands 11003 South Island montane grasslands 11101 Antipodes Subantarctic Islands tundra 11201 Coolgardie woodlands 11202 Esperance mallee 11203 Eyre and York mallee 11204 Jarrah-Karri forest and shrublands 11205 Swan Coastal Plain Scrub and Woodlands 11206 Mount Lofty woodlands 11207 Murray-Darling woodlands and mallee 11208 Naracoorte woodlands 11209 Southwest Australia savanna 11210 Southwest Australia woodlands 11301 Carnarvon xeric shrublands 11302 Central Ranges xeric scrub 11303 Gibson desert 11304 Great Sandy-Tanami desert 11305 Great Victoria desert 11306 Nullarbor Plains xeric shrublands 11307 Pilbara shrublands 11308 Simpson desert 11309 Tirari-Sturt stony desert 11310 Western Australian Mulga shrublands 11401 New Guinea mangroves 21101 Marielandia Antarctic tundra 21102 Maudlandia Antarctic desert 21103 Scotia Sea Islands tundra 21104 Southern Indian Ocean Islands tundra 30101 Albertine Rift montane forests 30102 Atlantic Equatorial coastal forests 30103 Cameroonian Highlands forests 30104 Central Congolian lowland forests 30105 Comoros forests 30106 Cross-Niger transition forests 30107 Cross-Sanaga-Bioko coastal forests 30108 East African montane forests 30109 Eastern Arc forests 30110 Eastern Congolian swamp forests 30111 Eastern Guinean forests 30112 Ethiopian montane forests 30113 Granitic Seychelles forests 30114 Guinean montane forests 30115 Knysna-Amatole montane forests 30116 KwaZulu-Cape coastal forest mosaic 30117 Madagascar lowland forests 30118 Madagascar subhumid forests 30119 Maputaland coastal forest mosaic 30120 Mascarene forests 30121 Mount Cameroon and Bioko montane forests 30122 Niger Delta swamp forests 30123 Nigerian lowland forests 30124 Northeastern Congolian lowland forests 30125 Northern Zanzibar-Inhambane coastal forest mosaic 30126 Northwestern Congolian lowland forests 30127 Sao Tome, Principe and Annobon moist lowland forests 30128 Southern Zanzibar-Inhambane coastal forest mosaic 30129 Western Congolian swamp forests 30130 Western Guinean lowland forests 30201 Cape Verde Islands dry forests 30202 Madagascar dry deciduous forests 30203 Zambezian Cryptosepalum dry forests 30701 Angolan Miombo woodlands 30702 Angolan Mopane woodlands 30703 Ascension scrub and grasslands 30704 Central Zambezian Miombo woodlands 30705 East Sudanian savanna 30706 Eastern Miombo woodlands 30707 Guinean forest-savanna mosaic 30708 Itigi-Sumbu thicket 30709 Kalahari Acacia-Baikiaea woodlands 30710 Mandara Plateau mosaic 30711 Northern Acacia-Commiphora bushlands and thickets 30712 Northern Congolian forest-savanna mosaic 30713 Sahelian Acacia savanna 30714 Serengeti volcanic grasslands 30715 Somali Acacia-Commiphora bushlands and thickets 30716 Southern Acacia-Commiphora bushlands and thickets 30717 Southern Africa bushveld 30718 Southern Congolian forest-savanna mosaic 30719 Southern Miombo woodlands 30720 St. Helena scrub and woodlands 30721 Victoria Basin forest-savanna mosaic 30722 West Sudanian savanna 30723 Western Congolian forest-savanna mosaic 30724 Western Zambezian grasslands 30725 Zambezian and Mopane woodlands 30726 Zambezian Baikiaea woodlands 30801 Al Hajar montane woodlands 30802 Amsterdam and Saint-Paul Islands temperate grasslands 30803 Tristan Da Cunha-Gough Islands shrub and grasslands 30901 East African halophytics 30902 Etosha Pan halophytics 30903 Inner Niger Delta flooded savanna 30904 Lake Chad flooded savanna 30905 Saharan flooded grasslands 30906 Zambezian coastal flooded savanna 30907 Zambezian flooded grasslands 30908 Zambezian halophytics 31001 Angolan montane forest-grassland mosaic 31002 Angolan scarp savanna and woodlands 31003 Drakensberg alti-montane grasslands and woodlands 31004 Drakensberg montane grasslands, woodlands and forests 31005 East African montane moorlands 31006 Eastern Zimbabwe montane forest-grassland mosaic 31007 Ethiopian montane grasslands and woodlands 31008 Ethiopian montane moorlands 31009 Highveld grasslands 31010 Jos Plateau forest-grassland mosaic 31011 Madagascar ericoid thickets 31012 Maputaland-Pondoland bushland and thickets 31013 Rwenzori-Virunga montane moorlands 31014 South Malawi montane forest-grassland mosaic 31015 Southern Rift montane forest-grassland mosaic 31201 Albany thickets 31202 Lowland fynbos and renosterveld 31203 Montane fynbos and renosterveld 31301 Aldabra Island xeric scrub 31302 Arabian Peninsula coastal fog desert 31303 East Saharan montane xeric woodlands 31304 Eritrean coastal desert 31305 Ethiopian xeric grasslands and shrublands 31306 Gulf of Oman desert and semi-desert 31307 Hobyo grasslands and shrublands 31308 Ile Europa and Bassas da India xeric scrub 31309 Kalahari xeric savanna 31310 Kaokoveld desert 31311 Madagascar spiny thickets 31312 Madagascar succulent woodlands 31313 Masai xeric grasslands and shrublands 31314 Nama Karoo 31315 Namib desert 31316 Namibian savanna woodlands 31318 Socotra Island xeric shrublands 31319 Somali montane xeric woodlands 31320 Southwestern Arabian foothills savanna 31321 Southwestern Arabian montane woodlands 31322 Succulent Karoo 31401 Central African mangroves 31402 East African mangroves 31403 Guinean mangroves 31404 Madagascar mangroves 31405 Southern Africa mangroves 40101 Andaman Islands rain forests 40102 Borneo lowland rain forests 40103 Borneo montane rain forests 40104 Borneo peat swamp forests 40105 Brahmaputra Valley semi-evergreen forests 40106 Cardamom Mountains rain forests 40107 Chao Phraya freshwater swamp forests 40108 Chao Phraya lowland moist deciduous forests 40109 Chin Hills-Arakan Yoma montane forests 40110 Christmas and Cocos Islands tropical forests 40111 Eastern highlands moist deciduous forests 40112 Eastern Java-Bali montane rain forests 40113 Eastern Java-Bali rain forests 40114 Greater Negros-Panay rain forests 40115 Himalayan subtropical broadleaf forests 40116 Irrawaddy freshwater swamp forests 40117 Irrawaddy moist deciduous forests 40118 Jian Nan subtropical evergreen forests 40119 Kayah-Karen montane rain forests 40120 Lower Gangetic Plains moist deciduous forests 40121 Luang Prabang montane rain forests 40122 Luzon montane rain forests 40123 Luzon rain forests 40124 Malabar Coast moist forests 40125 Maldives-Lakshadweep-Chagos Archipelago tropical moist forests 40126 Meghalaya subtropical forests 40127 Mentawai Islands rain forests 40128 Mindanao montane rain forests 40129 Mindanao-Eastern Visayas rain forests 40130 Mindoro rain forests 40131 Mizoram-Manipur-Kachin rain forests 40132 Myanmar coastal rain forests 40133 Nicobar Islands rain forests 40134 North Western Ghats moist deciduous forests 40135 North Western Ghats montane rain forests 40136 Northern Annamites rain forests 40137 Northern Indochina subtropical forests 40138 Northern Khorat Plateau moist deciduous forests 40139 Northern Thailand-Laos moist deciduous forests 40140 Northern Triangle subtropical forests 40141 Northern Vietnam lowland rain forests 40142 Orissa semi-evergreen forests 40143 Palawan rain forests 40144 Peninsular Malaysian montane rain forests 40145 Peninsular Malaysian peat swamp forests 40146 Peninsular Malaysian rain forests 40147 Red River freshwater swamp forests 40148 South China Sea Islands 40149 South China-Vietnam subtropical evergreen forests 40150 South Western Ghats moist deciduous forests 40151 South Western Ghats montane rain forests 40152 Southern Annamites montane rain forests 40153 Southwest Borneo freshwater swamp forests 40154 Sri Lanka lowland rain forests 40155 Sri Lanka montane rain forests 40156 Sulu Archipelago rain forests 40157 Sumatran freshwater swamp forests 40158 Sumatran lowland rain forests 40159 Sumatran montane rain forests 40160 Sumatran peat swamp forests 40161 Sundaland heath forests 40162 Sundarbans freshwater swamp forests 40163 Tenasserim-South Thailand semi-evergreen rain forests 40164 Tonle Sap freshwater swamp forests 40165 Tonle Sap-Mekong peat swamp forests 40166 Upper Gangetic Plains moist deciduous forests 40167 Western Java montane rain forests 40168 Western Java rain forests 40169 Hainan Island monsoon rain forests 40170 Nansei Islands subtropical evergreen forests 40171 South Taiwan monsoon rain forests 40172 Taiwan subtropical evergreen forests 40201 Central Deccan Plateau dry deciduous forests 40202 Central Indochina dry forests 40203 Chhota-Nagpur dry deciduous forests 40204 East Deccan dry-evergreen forests 40205 Irrawaddy dry forests 40206 Khathiar-Gir dry deciduous forests 40207 Narmada Valley dry deciduous forests 40208 Northern dry deciduous forests 40209 South Deccan Plateau dry deciduous forests 40210 Southeastern Indochina dry evergreen forests 40211 Southern Vietnam lowland dry forests 40212 Sri Lanka dry-zone dry evergreen forests 40301 Himalayan subtropical pine forests 40302 Luzon tropical pine forests 40303 Northeast India-Myanmar pine forests 40304 Sumatran tropical pine forests 40401 Eastern Himalayan broadleaf forests 40402 Northern Triangle temperate forests 40403 Western Himalayan broadleaf forests 40501 Eastern Himalayan subalpine conifer forests 40502 Western Himalayan subalpine conifer forests 40701 Terai-Duar savanna and grasslands 40901 Rann of Kutch seasonal salt marsh 41001 Kinabalu montane alpine meadows 41301 Deccan thorn scrub forests 41302 Indus Valley desert 41303 Northwestern thorn scrub forests 41304 Thar desert 41401 Goadavari-Krishna mangroves 41402 Indochina mangroves 41403 Indus River Delta-Arabian Sea mangroves 41404 Myanmar Coast mangroves 41405 Sunda Shelf mangroves 41406 Sundarbans mangroves 50201 Sonoran-Sinaloan transition subtropical dry forest 50301 Bermuda subtropical conifer forests 50302 Sierra Madre Occidental pine-oak forests 50303 Sierra Madre Oriental pine-oak forests 50401 Allegheny Highlands forests 50402 Appalachian mixed mesophytic forests 50403 Appalachian-Blue Ridge forests 50404 Central U.S. hardwood forests 50405 East Central Texas forests 50406 Eastern forest-boreal transition 50407 Eastern Great Lakes lowland forests 50408 Gulf of St. Lawrence lowland forests 50409 Mississippi lowland forests 50410 New England-Acadian forests 50411 Northeastern coastal forests 50412 Ozark Mountain forests 50413 Southeastern mixed forests 50414 Southern Great Lakes forests 50415 Upper Midwest forest-savanna transition 50416 Western Great Lakes forests 50417 Willamette Valley forests 50501 Alberta Mountain forests 50502 Alberta-British Columbia foothills forests 50503 Arizona Mountains forests 50504 Atlantic coastal pine barrens 50505 Blue Mountains forests 50506 British Columbia mainland coastal forests 50507 Cascade Mountains leeward forests 50508 Central and Southern Cascades forests 50509 Central British Columbia Mountain forests 50510 Central Pacific coastal forests 50511 Colorado Rockies forests 50512 Eastern Cascades forests 50513 Florida sand pine scrub 50514 Fraser Plateau and Basin complex 50515 Great Basin montane forests 50516 Klamath-Siskiyou forests 50517 Middle Atlantic coastal forests 50518 North Central Rockies forests 50519 Northern California coastal forests 50520 Northern Pacific coastal forests 50521 Northern transitional alpine forests 50522 Okanagan dry forests 50523 Piney Woods forests 50524 Puget lowland forests 50525 Queen Charlotte Islands 50526 Sierra Juarez and San Pedro Martir pine-oak forests 50527 Sierra Nevada forests 50528 South Central Rockies forests 50529 Southeastern conifer forests 50530 Wasatch and Uinta montane forests 50601 Alaska Peninsula montane taiga 50602 Central Canadian Shield forests 50603 Cook Inlet taiga 50604 Copper Plateau taiga 50605 Eastern Canadian forests 50606 Eastern Canadian Shield taiga 50607 Interior Alaska-Yukon lowland taiga 50608 Mid-Continental Canadian forests 50609 Midwestern Canadian Shield forests 50610 Muskwa-Slave Lake forests 50611 Newfoundland Highland forests 50612 Northern Canadian Shield taiga 50613 Northern Cordillera forests 50614 Northwest Territories taiga 50615 South Avalon-Burin oceanic barrens 50616 Southern Hudson Bay taiga 50617 Yukon Interior dry forests 50701 Western Gulf coastal grasslands 50801 California Central Valley grasslands 50802 Canadian Aspen forests and parklands 50803 Central and Southern mixed grasslands 50804 Central forest-grasslands transition 50805 Central tall grasslands 50806 Edwards Plateau savanna 50807 Flint Hills tall grasslands 50808 Montana Valley and Foothill grasslands 50809 Nebraska Sand Hills mixed grasslands 50810 Northern mixed grasslands 50811 Northern short grasslands 50812 Northern tall grasslands 50813 Palouse grasslands 50814 Texas blackland prairies 50815 Western short grasslands 51101 Alaska-St. Elias Range tundra 51102 Aleutian Islands tundra 51103 Arctic coastal tundra 51104 Arctic foothills tundra 51105 Baffin coastal tundra 51106 Beringia lowland tundra 51107 Beringia upland tundra 51108 Brooks-British Range tundra 51109 Davis Highlands tundra 51110 High Arctic tundra 51111 Interior Yukon-Alaska alpine tundra 51112 Kalaallit Nunaat high arctic tundra 51113 Kalaallit Nunaat low arctic tundra 51114 Low Arctic tundra 51115 Middle Arctic tundra 51116 Ogilvie-MacKenzie alpine tundra 51117 Pacific Coastal Mountain icefields and tundra 51118 Torngat Mountain tundra 51201 California coastal sage and chaparral 51202 California interior chaparral and woodlands 51203 California montane chaparral and woodlands 51301 Baja California desert 51302 Central Mexican matorral 51303 Chihuahuan desert 51304 Colorado Plateau shrublands 51305 Great Basin shrub steppe 51306 Gulf of California xeric scrub 51307 Meseta Central matorral 51308 Mojave desert 51309 Snake-Columbia shrub steppe 51310 Sonoran desert 51311 Tamaulipan matorral 51312 Tamaulipan mezquital 51313 Wyoming Basin shrub steppe 60101 Araucaria moist forests 60102 Atlantic Coast restingas 60103 Bahia coastal forests 60104 Bahia interior forests 60105 Bolivian Yungas 60106 Caatinga Enclaves moist forests 60107 Caqueta moist forests 60108 Catatumbo moist forests 60109 Cauca Valley montane forests 60110 Cayos Miskitos-San Andrés and Providencia moist forests 60111 Central American Atlantic moist forests 60112 Central American montane forests 60113 Chiapas montane forests 60114 Chimalapas montane forests 60115 Chocó-Darién moist forests 60116 Cocos Island moist forests 60117 Cordillera La Costa montane forests 60118 Cordillera Oriental montane forests 60119 Costa Rican seasonal moist forests 60120 Cuban moist forests 60121 Eastern Cordillera real montane forests 60122 Eastern Panamanian montane forests 60123 Fernando de Noronha-Atol das Rocas moist forests 60124 Guianan Highlands moist forests 60125 Guianan moist forests 60126 Gurupa varzeá 60127 Hispaniolan moist forests 60128 Iquitos varzeá 60129 Isthmian-Atlantic moist forests 60130 Isthmian-Pacific moist forests 60131 Jamaican moist forests 60132 Japurá-Solimoes-Negro moist forests 60133 Juruá-Purus moist forests 60134 Leeward Islands moist forests 60135 Madeira-Tapajós moist forests 60136 Magdalena Valley montane forests 60137 Magdalena-Urabá moist forests 60138 Marajó varzeá 60139 Maranhão Babaçu forests 60140 Mato Grosso seasonal forests 60141 Monte Alegre varzeá 60142 Napo moist forests 60143 Negro-Branco moist forests 60144 Northeastern Brazil restingas 60145 Northwestern Andean montane forests 60146 Oaxacan montane forests 60147 Orinoco Delta swamp forests 60148 Pantanos de Centla 60149 Guianan freshwater swamp forests 60150 Alto Paraná Atlantic forests 60151 Pernambuco coastal forests 60152 Pernambuco interior forests 60153 Peruvian Yungas 60154 Petén-Veracruz moist forests 60155 Puerto Rican moist forests 60156 Purus varzeá 60157 Purus-Madeira moist forests 60158 Rio Negro campinarana 60159 Santa Marta montane forests 60160 Serra do Mar coastal forests 60161 Sierra de los Tuxtlas 60162 Sierra Madre de Chiapas moist forests 60163 Solimões-Japurá moist forests 60164 South Florida rocklands 60165 Southern Andean Yungas 60166 Southwest Amazon moist forests 60167 Talamancan montane forests 60168 Tapajós-Xingu moist forests 60169 Pantepui 60170 Tocantins/Pindare moist forests 60171 Trinidad and Tobago moist forests 60172 Trindade-Martin Vaz Islands tropical forests 60173 Uatuma-Trombetas moist forests 60174 Ucayali moist forests 60175 Venezuelan Andes montane forests 60176 Veracruz moist forests 60177 Veracruz montane forests 60178 Western Ecuador moist forests 60179 Windward Islands moist forests 60180 Xingu-Tocantins-Araguaia moist forests 60181 Yucatán moist forests 60182 Guianan piedmont and lowland moist forests 60201 Apure-Villavicencio dry forests 60202 Atlantic dry forests 60204 Bajío dry forests 60205 Balsas dry forests 60206 Bolivian montane dry forests 60207 Cauca Valley dry forests 60209 Central American dry forests 60210 Dry Chaco 60211 Chiapas Depression dry forests 60212 Chiquitano dry forests 60213 Cuban dry forests 60214 Ecuadorian dry forests 60215 Hispaniolan dry forests 60216 Islas Revillagigedo dry forests 60217 Jalisco dry forests 60218 Jamaican dry forests 60219 Lara-Falcón dry forests 60220 Lesser Antillean dry forests 60221 Magdalena Valley dry forests 60222 Maracaibo dry forests 60223 Marañón dry forests 60224 Panamanian dry forests 60225 Patía Valley dry forests 60226 Puerto Rican dry forests 60227 Sierra de la Laguna dry forests 60228 Sinaloan dry forests 60229 Sinú Valley dry forests 60230 Southern Pacific dry forests 60232 Tumbes-Piura dry forests 60233 Veracruz dry forests 60235 Yucatán dry forests 60301 Bahamian pine mosaic 60302 Belizian pine forests 60303 Central American pine-oak forests 60304 Cuban pine forests 60305 Hispaniolan pine forests 60306 Miskito pine forests 60307 Sierra de la Laguna pine-oak forests 60308 Sierra Madre de Oaxaca pine-oak forests 60309 Sierra Madre del Sur pine-oak forests 60310 Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt pine-oak forests 60401 Juan Fernández Islands temperate forests 60402 Magellanic subpolar forests 60403 San Félix-San Ambrosio Islands temperate forests 60404 Valdivian temperate forests 60702 Beni savanna 60703 Campos Rupestres montane savanna 60704 Cerrado 60705 Clipperton Island shrub and grasslands 60707 Guianan savanna 60708 Humid Chaco 60709 Llanos 60710 Uruguayan savanna 60801 Espinal 60802 Low Monte 60803 Humid Pampas 60805 Patagonian steppe 60902 Cuban wetlands 60903 Enriquillo wetlands 60904 Everglades 60905 Guayaquil flooded grasslands 60906 Orinoco wetlands 60907 Pantanal 60908 Paraná flooded savanna 60909 Southern Cone Mesopotamian savanna 61001 Central Andean dry puna 61002 Central Andean puna 61003 Central Andean wet puna 61004 Cordillera Central páramo 61005 Cordillera de Merida páramo 61006 Northern Andean páramo 61007 Santa Marta páramo 61008 Southern Andean steppe 61010 High Monte 61201 Chilean matorral 61301 Araya and Paria xeric scrub 61303 Atacama desert 61304 Caatinga 61305 Caribbean shrublands 61306 Cuban cactus scrub 61307 Galápagos Islands scrubland mosaic 61308 Guajira-Barranquilla xeric scrub 61309 La Costa xeric shrublands 61311 Malpelo Island xeric scrub 61312 Motagua Valley thornscrub 61313 Paraguana xeric scrub 61314 San Lucan xeric scrub 61315 Sechura desert 61316 Tehuacán Valley matorral 61318 St. Peter and St. Paul rocks 61401 Amazon-Orinoco-Southern Caribbean mangroves 61402 Bahamian-Antillean mangroves 61403 Mesoamerican Gulf-Caribbean mangroves 61404 Northern Mesoamerican Pacific mangroves 61405 South American Pacific mangroves 61406 Southern Atlantic mangroves 61407 Southern Mesoamerican Pacific mangroves 70101 Carolines tropical moist forests 70102 Central Polynesian tropical moist forests 70103 Cook Islands tropical moist forests 70104 Eastern Micronesia tropical moist forests 70105 Fiji tropical moist forests 70106 Hawaii tropical moist forests 70107 Kermadec Islands subtropical moist forests 70108 Marquesas tropical moist forests 70109 Ogasawara subtropical moist forests 70110 Palau tropical moist forests 70111 Rapa Nui subtropical broadleaf forests 70112 Samoan tropical moist forests 70113 Society Islands tropical moist forests 70114 Tongan tropical moist forests 70115 Tuamotu tropical moist forests 70116 Tubuai tropical moist forests 70117 Western Polynesian tropical moist forests 70201 Fiji tropical dry forests 70202 Hawaii tropical dry forests 70203 Marianas tropical dry forests 70204 Yap tropical dry forests 70701 Hawaii tropical high shrublands 70702 Hawaii tropical low shrublands 70703 Northwestern Hawaii scrub 80101 Guizhou Plateau broadleaf and mixed forests 80102 Yunnan Plateau subtropical evergreen forests 80401 Appenine deciduous montane forests 80402 Atlantic mixed forests 80403 Azores temperate mixed forests 80404 Balkan mixed forests 80405 Baltic mixed forests 80406 Cantabrian mixed forests 80407 Caspian Hyrcanian mixed forests 80408 Caucasus mixed forests 80409 Celtic broadleaf forests 80410 Central Anatolian steppe and woodlands 80411 Central China loess plateau mixed forests 80412 Central European mixed forests 80413 Central Korean deciduous forests 80414 Changbai Mountains mixed forests 80415 Changjiang Plain evergreen forests 80416 Crimean Submediterranean forest complex 80417 Daba Mountains evergreen forests 80418 Dinaric Mountains mixed forests 80419 East European forest steppe 80420 Eastern Anatolian deciduous forests 80421 English Lowlands beech forests 80422 Euxine-Colchic broadleaf forests 80423 Hokkaido deciduous forests 80424 Huang He Plain mixed forests 80425 Madeira evergreen forests 80426 Manchurian mixed forests 80427 Nihonkai evergreen forests 80428 Nihonkai montane deciduous forests 80429 North Atlantic moist mixed forests 80430 Northeast China Plain deciduous forests 80431 Pannonian mixed forests 80432 Po Basin mixed forests 80433 Pyrenees conifer and mixed forests 80434 Qin Ling Mountains deciduous forests 80435 Rodope montane mixed forests 80436 Sarmatic mixed forests 80437 Sichuan Basin evergreen broadleaf forests 80438 South Sakhalin-Kurile mixed forests 80439 Southern Korea evergreen forests 80440 Taiheiyo evergreen forests 80441 Taiheiyo montane deciduous forests 80442 Tarim Basin deciduous forests and steppe 80443 Ussuri broadleaf and mixed forests 80444 Western Siberian hemiboreal forests 80445 Western European broadleaf forests 80446 Zagros Mountains forest steppe 80501 Alps conifer and mixed forests 80502 Altai montane forest and forest steppe 80503 Caledon conifer forests 80504 Carpathian montane forests 80505 Da Hinggan-Dzhagdy Mountains conifer forests 80506 East Afghan montane conifer forests 80507 Elburz Range forest steppe 80508 Helanshan montane conifer forests 80509 Hengduan Mountains subalpine conifer forests 80510 Hokkaido montane conifer forests 80511 Honshu alpine conifer forests 80512 Khangai Mountains conifer forests 80513 Mediterranean conifer and mixed forests 80514 Northeastern Himalayan subalpine conifer forests 80515 Northern Anatolian conifer and deciduous forests 80516 Nujiang Langcang Gorge alpine conifer and mixed forests 80517 Qilian Mountains conifer forests 80518 Qionglai-Minshan conifer forests 80519 Sayan montane conifer forests 80520 Scandinavian coastal conifer forests 80521 Tian Shan montane conifer forests 80601 East Siberian taiga 80602 Iceland boreal birch forests and alpine tundra 80603 Kamchatka-Kurile meadows and sparse forests 80604 Kamchatka-Kurile taiga 80605 Northeast Siberian taiga 80606 Okhotsk-Manchurian taiga 80607 Sakhalin Island taiga 80608 Scandinavian and Russian taiga 80609 Trans-Baikal conifer forests 80610 Ural montane forests and tundra 80611 West Siberian taiga 80801 Alai-Western Tian Shan steppe 80802 Altai steppe and semi-desert 80803 Central Anatolian steppe 80804 Daurian forest steppe 80805 Eastern Anatolian montane steppe 80806 Emin Valley steppe 80807 Faroe Islands boreal grasslands 80808 Gissaro-Alai open woodlands 80809 Kazakh forest steppe 80810 Kazakh steppe 80811 Kazakh upland 80812 Middle East steppe 80813 Mongolian-Manchurian grassland 80814 Pontic steppe 80815 Sayan Intermontane steppe 80816 Selenge-Orkhon forest steppe 80817 South Siberian forest steppe 80818 Tian Shan foothill arid steppe 80901 Amur meadow steppe 80902 Bohai Sea saline meadow 80903 Nenjiang River grassland 80904 Nile Delta flooded savanna 80905 Saharan halophytics 80906 Tigris-Euphrates alluvial salt marsh 80907 Suiphun-Khanka meadows and forest meadows 80908 Yellow Sea saline meadow 81001 Altai alpine meadow and tundra 81002 Central Tibetan Plateau alpine steppe 81003 Eastern Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows 81004 Ghorat-Hazarajat alpine meadow 81005 Hindu Kush alpine meadow 81006 Karakoram-West Tibetan Plateau alpine steppe 81007 Khangai Mountains alpine meadow 81008 Kopet Dag woodlands and forest steppe 81009 Kuh Rud and Eastern Iran montane woodlands 81010 Mediterranean High Atlas juniper steppe 81011 North Tibetan Plateau-Kunlun Mountains alpine desert 81012 Northwestern Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows 81013 Ordos Plateau steppe 81014 Pamir alpine desert and tundra 81015 Qilian Mountains subalpine meadows 81016 Sayan Alpine meadows and tundra 81017 Southeast Tibet shrublands and meadows 81018 Sulaiman Range alpine meadows 81019 Tian Shan montane steppe and meadows 81020 Tibetan Plateau alpine shrublands and meadows 81021 Western Himalayan alpine shrub and Meadows 81022 Yarlung Tsangpo arid steppe 81101 Arctic desert 81102 Bering tundra 81103 Cherskii-Kolyma mountain tundra 81104 Chukchi Peninsula tundra 81105 Kamchatka Mountain tundra and forest tundra 81106 Kola Peninsula tundra 81107 Northeast Siberian coastal tundra 81108 Northwest Russian-Novaya Zemlya tundra 81109 Novosibirsk Islands arctic desert 81110 Scandinavian Montane Birch forest and grasslands 81111 Taimyr-Central Siberian tundra 81112 Trans-Baikal Bald Mountain tundra 81113 Wrangel Island arctic desert 81114 Yamal-Gydan tundra 81201 Aegean and Western Turkey sclerophyllous and mixed forests 81202 Anatolian conifer and deciduous mixed forests 81203 Canary Islands dry woodlands and forests 81204 Corsican montane broadleaf and mixed forests 81205 Crete Mediterranean forests 81206 Cyprus Mediterranean forests 81207 Eastern Mediterranean conifer-sclerophyllous-broadleaf forests 81208 Iberian conifer forests 81209 Iberian sclerophyllous and semi-deciduous forests 81210 Illyrian deciduous forests 81211 Italian sclerophyllous and semi-deciduous forests 81212 Mediterranean acacia-argania dry woodlands and succulent thickets 81213 Mediterranean dry woodlands and steppe 81214 Mediterranean woodlands and forests 81215 Northeastern Spain and Southern France Mediterranean forests 81216 Northwest Iberian montane forests 81217 Pindus Mountains mixed forests 81218 South Appenine mixed montane forests 81219 Southeastern Iberian shrubs and woodlands 81220 Southern Anatolian montane conifer and deciduous forests 81221 Southwest Iberian Mediterranean sclerophyllous and mixed forests 81222 Tyrrhenian-Adriatic Sclerophyllous and mixed forests 81301 Afghan Mountains semi-desert 81302 Alashan Plateau semi-desert 81303 Arabian Desert and East Sahero-Arabian xeric shrublands 81304 Atlantic coastal desert 81305 Azerbaijan shrub desert and steppe 81306 Badghyz and Karabil semi-desert 81307 Baluchistan xeric woodlands 81308 Caspian lowland desert 81309 Central Afghan Mountains xeric woodlands 81310 Central Asian northern desert 81311 Central Asian riparian woodlands 81312 Central Asian southern desert 81313 Central Persian desert basins 81314 Eastern Gobi desert steppe 81315 Gobi Lakes Valley desert steppe 81316 Great Lakes Basin desert steppe 81317 Junggar Basin semi-desert 81318 Kazakh semi-desert 81319 Kopet Dag semi-desert 81320 Mesopotamian shrub desert 81321 North Saharan steppe and woodlands 81322 Paropamisus xeric woodlands 81323 Persian Gulf desert and semi-desert 81324 Qaidam Basin semi-desert 81325 Red Sea Nubo-Sindian tropical desert and semi-desert 81326 Registan-North Pakistan sandy desert 81327 Sahara desert 81328 South Iran Nubo-Sindian desert and semi-desert 81329 South Saharan steppe and woodlands 81330 Taklimakan desert 81331 Tibesti-Jebel Uweinat montane xeric woodlands 81332 West Saharan montane xeric woodlands 81333 Red Sea coastal desert Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Proportion of land area used for agriculture (circa 2000) CROPLAND reports the proportion of land that is planted in crops, for a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The statistics reported in CROPLAND are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. CROPLAND is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. CROPLAND, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Proportion of land area used for pastureland (circa 2000) PASTURELAND reports the proportion of land that is used as pasture, for a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The pasture area statistics reported in PASTURELAND are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. PASTURELAND is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. PASTURELAND, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS NDVI monthly time-series NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) consists of a set of 72 variables. These variables report the maximum NDVI value within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster for the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, the month of the survey start date, and the 11 individual months following the survey start date. NDVI is a numeric, normalized index that measures live greenness in an area and can be used as a proxy for vegetation. Hypothetically, NDVI values can range from -1.0 to 1.0. The IPUMS-DHS NDVI metric captures the maximum value of NDVI within the 10-kilometer buffer area (i.e., which pixel in the buffer has the maximum NDVI value for a given month), so the values in IPUMS-DHS for NDVI range from 0 to 1. By adding NDVI to your data cart, you are in effect adding 72 separate variables for: the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, denoted by the number of months prior to the survey start date (e.g., NDVI_01 is the maximum NDVI in the month before the survey start date; NDVI_60 is the maximum NDVI in the 60th month before the survey start date) the month of the survey start date (NDVI_00) the 11 individual months following the month of the survey start date, denoted by the number of months following the month of the survey start date (e.g., NDVI_A01 is the maximum NDVI in the month following the month of the survey start date) The source data for NDVI come fromÂ the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS [URL omitted from DDI.])Â dataset, which covers the period February 2000 to October 2018. Only IPUMS-DHS samples whose data collection period overlapped with February 2000 or later are included in the NDVI variable (e.g., Bangladesh 2000). Note, however, that a sample fielded beginning in February 2000 would have non-missing NDVI values for the survey start month and the 11 following months, but would have only missing data values for the 60 months preceding the survey start date. Researchers who need NDVI values for the full 5 years preceding the survey start--for example, to relate to health outcomes for children under age 5--should restrict their analysis to samples fielded from February 2005 forward. NDVI, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 NDVI available Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 60 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 59 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 58 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 57 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 56 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 55 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 54 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 53 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 52 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 51 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 50 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 49 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 48 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 47 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 46 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 45 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 44 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 43 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 42 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 41 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 40 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 39 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 38 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 37 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 36 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 35 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 34 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 33 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 32 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 31 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 30 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 29 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 28 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 27 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 26 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 25 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 24 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 23 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 22 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 21 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 20 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 19 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 18 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 17 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 16 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 15 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 14 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 13 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 12 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 11 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 10 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 9 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 8 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 7 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 6 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 5 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 4 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 3 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 2 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 1 month before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI month of survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 1 month after survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 2 months after survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 3 months after survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 4 months after survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 5 months after survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 6 months after survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 7 months after survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 8 months after survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 9 months after survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 10 months after survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 11 months after survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation monthly time-series PRECIP consists of a set of 72 separate variables. These variables report the average precipitation in millimeters, received within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, for the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, the month of the survey start date, and the 11 individual months following the survey start date. Note that "average" precipitation here refers to averaging the monthly precipitation values for the various subareas included in the buffer zone. By adding PRECIP to your data cart, you are in effect adding 72 separate variables for: the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, denoted by the number of months prior to the survey start date (e.g., PRECIP_01 is the average precipitation in the month before the survey start date; PRECIP_60 is the average precipitation in the 60th month before the survey start date); the month of the survey start date (PRECIP_00); the 11 individual months following the month of the survey start date, denoted by the number of months following the month of the survey start date (e.g., PRECIP_A01 is the average precipitation in the month following the month of the survey start date). The full set of monthly precipitation data, from January 1981 through August 2018, is available on the IPUMS-DHS contextual variables downloads [URL omitted from DDI.] page. Users can merge the precipitation data, available in csv format, with their IPUMS-DHS data extract to create average or total precipitation variables (e.g., average January precipitation, total 2017 precipitation), for the time frame suited to their research question. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 PRECIP available Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 60 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 59 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 58 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 57 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 56 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 55 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 54 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 53 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 52 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 51 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 50 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 49 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 48 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 47 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 46 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 45 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 44 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 43 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 42 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 41 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 40 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 39 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 38 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 37 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 36 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 35 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 34 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 33 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 32 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 31 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 30 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 29 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 28 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 27 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 26 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 25 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 24 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 23 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 22 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 21 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 20 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 19 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 18 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 17 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 16 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 15 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 14 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 13 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 12 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 11 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 10 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 9 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 8 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 7 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 6 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 5 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 4 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 3 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 2 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 1 month before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation month of survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 1 month after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 2 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 3 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 4 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 5 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 6 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 7 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 8 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 9 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 10 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 11 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum monthly temperature TEMPMIN consists of a set of 72 separate variables reporting minimum monthly temperatures. These variables report the average minimum temperature in kelvin scale, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, for the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, the month of the survey start date, and the 11 individual months following the survey start date. Note that "average" minimum temperature here refers to averaging the minimum temperature values for the various subareas included in the buffer zone. By adding TEMPMIN to your data cart, you are in effect adding 72 separate variables for: the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, denoted by the number of months prior to the survey start date (e.g., TEMPMIN_01 is the average minimum temperature in the month before the survey start date; TEMPMIN _60 is the average minimum temperature in the 60th month before the survey start date) the month of the survey start date (TEMPMIN _00) the 11 individual months following the month of the survey start date, denoted by the number of months following the month of the survey start date (e.g., TEMPMIN_A01 is the average minimum temperature in the month following the month of the survey start date) The full set of monthly temperature data, from January 1980 through December 2016, is available on the IPUMS-DHS contextual variables downloads [URL omitted from DDI.] page. Users can merge the temperature data, available in csv format, with their IPUMS-DHS data extract to create average or total precipitation variables (e.g., average minimum January temperature), for the time frame suited to their research question. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 TEMPMAX available Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 60 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 59 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 58 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 57 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 56 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 55 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 54 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 53 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 52 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 51 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 50 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 49 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 48 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 47 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 46 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 45 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 44 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 43 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 42 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 41 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 40 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 39 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 38 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 37 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 36 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 35 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 34 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 33 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 32 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 31 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 30 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 29 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 28 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 27 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 26 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 25 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 24 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 23 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 22 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 21 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 20 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 19 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 18 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 17 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 16 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 15 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 14 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 13 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 12 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 11 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 10 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 9 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 8 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 7 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 6 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 5 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 4 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 3 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 2 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 1 month before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature month of survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 1 month after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 2 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 3 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 4 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 5 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 6 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 7 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 8 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 9 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 10 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 11 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum monthly temperature TEMPMAX consists of a set of 72 separate variables reporting maximum monthly temperatures. These variables report the average maximum temperature in kelvin scale, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, for the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, the month of the survey start date, and the 11 individual months following the survey start date. Note that "average" maximum temperature here refers to averaging the maximum temperature values for the various subareas included in the buffer zone. By adding TEMPMAX to your data cart, you are in effect adding 72 separate variables for: the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, denoted by the number of months prior to the survey start date (e.g., TEMPMAX_01 is the average maximum temperature in the month before the survey start date; TEMPMAX _60 is the average maximum temperature in the 60th month before the survey start date) the month of the survey start date (TEMPMAX _00) the 11 individual months following the month of the survey start date, denoted by the number of months following the month of the survey start date (e.g., TEMPMAX_A01 is the average maximum temperature in the month following the month of the survey start date). The full set of monthly temperature data, from January 1980 through December 2016, is available on the IPUMS-DHS contextual variables downloads [URL omitted from DDI.] page. Users can merge the temperature data, available in csv format, with their IPUMS-DHS data extract to create average or total precipitation variables (e.g., average maximum July temperature), for the time frame suited to their research question. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 TEMPMAX available Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 60 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 59 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 58 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 57 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 56 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 55 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 54 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 53 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 52 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 51 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 50 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 49 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 48 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 47 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 46 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 45 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 44 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 43 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 42 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 41 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 40 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 39 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 38 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 37 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 36 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 35 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 34 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 33 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 32 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 31 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 30 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 29 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 28 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 27 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 26 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 25 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 24 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 23 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 22 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 21 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 20 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 19 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 18 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 17 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 16 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 15 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 14 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 13 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 12 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 11 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 10 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 9 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 8 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 7 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 6 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 5 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 4 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 3 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 2 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 1 month before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature month of survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 1 month after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 2 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 3 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 4 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 5 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 6 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 7 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 8 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 9 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 10 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 11 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Population density quinquennial time-series (2000-2020) POPDENSITY consists of a set of 5 separate variables. These variables report the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. By adding POPDENSITY to your data cart, you are in effect adding 5 separate variables (POPDENSITY_2000 - POPDENSITY_2020), one variable for each month. Values for POPDENSITY are based onÂ population projections from the results of the 2000 and 2010 rounds of censuses. POPDENSITY variables can be used as indicators of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, for greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. POPDENSITY, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 POPDENSITY available Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2000 POPDENSITY_2000 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2000. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2000 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2000 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2000 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2005 POPDENSITY_2005 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2005. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2005 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2005 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2005 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2010 POPDENSITY_2010 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2010. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2010 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2010 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2010 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2015 POPDENSITY_2015 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2015. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2015 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2015 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2015 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2020 POPDENSITY_2020 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2020. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2020 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2020 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Values for POPDENSITY_2020 are based on population projections from the results of the 2010 round of censuses, which occurred between 2005 and 2014. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2020 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area barley (in 2000) BARLEY_H reports total harvested area dedicated to barley, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in BARLEY_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable BARLEY_P reports total crop production of barley, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. BARLEY_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area cassava (in 2000) CASSAVA_H reports total harvested area dedicated to cassava, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in CASSAVA_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable CASSAVA_P reports total crop production of cassava, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. CASSAVA_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area cotton (in 2000) COTTON_H reports total harvested area dedicated to cotton, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in COTTON_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable COTTON_P reports total crop production of cotton, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. COTTON_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area groundnuts (in 2000) GROUNDNUT_H reports total harvested area dedicated to groundnuts, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in GROUNDNUT_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable GROUNDNUT_P reports total crop production of groundnuts, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. GROUNDNUT_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area maize (in 2000) MAIZE_H reports total harvested area dedicated to maize, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in MAIZE_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable MAIZE_P reports total crop production of maize, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. MAIZE_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area millet (in 2000) MILLET_H reports total harvested area dedicated to millet, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in MILLET_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable MILLET_P reports total crop production of millet, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. MILLET_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area oilpalm (in 2000) OILPALM_H reports total harvested area dedicated to oil palm, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in OILPALM_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable OILPALM_P reports total crop production of oil palm, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. OILPALM_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area potatoes (in 2000) POTATO_H reports total harvested area dedicated to potatoes, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in POTATO_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable POTATO_P reports total crop production of potatoes, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. POTATO_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area rapeseed (in 2000) RAPESEED_H reports total harvested area dedicated to rapeseed, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in RAPESEED_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RAPESEED_P reports total crop production of rapeseed, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RAPESEED_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area rice (in 2000) RICE_H reports total harvested area dedicated to rice, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in RICE_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RICE_P reports total crop production of rice, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RICE_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area sorghum (in 2000) SORGHUM_H reports total harvested area dedicated to sorghum, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SORGHUM_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SORGHUM_P reports total crop production of sorghum, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SORGHUM_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area soybeans (in 2000) SOYBEAN_H reports total harvested area dedicated to soybeans, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SOYBEAN_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SOYBEAN_P reports total crop production of soybean, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SOYBEAN_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area sugarbeets (in 2000) SUGARBEET_H reports total harvested area dedicated to sugar beets, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SUGARBEET_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUGARBEET_P reports total crop production of sugar beets, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUGARBEET_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area sugarcane (in 2000) SUGARCANE_H reports total harvested area dedicated to sugar cane, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SUGARCANE_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUGARCANE_P reports total crop production of sugar cane, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUGARCANE_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area sunflowers (in 2000) SUNFLOWER_H reports total harvested area dedicated to sunflowers, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SUNFLOWER_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUNFLOWER_P reports total crop production of sunflowers, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUNFLOWER_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area wheat (in 2000) WHEAT_H reports total harvested area dedicated to wheat, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in WHEAT_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable WHEAT_P reports total crop production of wheat, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. WHEAT_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area rye (in 2000) RYE_H reports total harvested area dedicated to rye, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in RYE_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RYE_P reports total crop production of rye, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RYE_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total barley production (in 2000) BARLEY_P reports the total crop production of barley, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in BARLEY_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable BARLEY_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to barley, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. BARLEY_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total cassava production (in 2000) CASSAVA_P reports the total crop production of cassava, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in CASSAVA_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable CASSAVA_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to cassava, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. CASSAVA_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total cotton production (in 2000) COTTON_P reports the total crop production of cotton, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in COTTON_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable COTTON_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to cotton, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. COTTON_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total groundnut production (in 2000) GROUNDNUT_P reports the total crop production of groundnuts, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in GROUNDNUT_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable GROUNDNUT_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to groundnuts, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. GROUNDNUT_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total maize production (in 2000) MAIZE_P reports the total crop production of maize, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in MAIZE_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable MAIZE_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to maize, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. MAIZE_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total millet production (in 2000) MILLET_P reports the total crop production of millet, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in MILLET_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable MILLET_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to millet, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. MILLET_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total oilpalm production (in 2000) OILPALM_P reports the total crop production of oil palm, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in OILPALM_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable OILPALM_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to oil palm, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. OILPALM_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total potato production (in 2000) POTATO_P reports the total crop production of potatoes, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in POTATO_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable POTATO_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to potatoes, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. POTATO_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total rapeseed production (in 2000) RAPESEED_P reports the total crop production of rapeseed, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in RAPESEED_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RAPESEED_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to rapeseed, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RAPESEED_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total rice production (in 2000) RICE_P reports the total crop production of rice, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in RICE_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RICE_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to rice, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RICE_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total sorghum production (in 2000) SORGHUM_P reports the total crop production of sorghum, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SORGHUM_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SORGHUM_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to sorghum, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SORGHUM_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total soybean production (in 2000) SOYBEAN_P reports the total crop production of soybeans, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SOYBEAN_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SOYBEAN_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to soybeans, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SOYBEAN_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total sugarbeet production (in 2000) SUGARBEET_P reports the total crop production of sugar beets, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SUGARBEET_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUGARBEET_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to sugar beets, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUGARBEET_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total sugarcane production (in 2000) SUGARCANE_P reports the total crop production of sugar cane, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SUGARCANE_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUGARCANE_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to sugar cane, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUGARCANE_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total sunflower production (in 2000) SUNFLOWER_P reports the total crop production of sunflowers, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SUNFLOWER_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUNFLOWER_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to sunflowers, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUNFLOWER_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total wheat production (in 2000) WHEAT_P reports the total crop production of wheat, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in WHEAT_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable WHEAT_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to wheat, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. WHEAT_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total rye production (in 2000) RYE_P reports the total crop production of rye, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in RYE_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RYE_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to rye, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RYE_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS IPUMS-DHS sample identifier SAMPLE identifies the DHS sample from which the case is drawn. Each sample receives a unique 5-digit code. The first three digits are ISO/UN codes used in COUNTRY, and the last two digits identify the sample within the country, ordered by survey year. The related variable SAMPLESTR is a string variable that identifies the DHS sample with the same 5-digit code. 00101 Model 2015 00401 Afghanistan 2015 02401 Angola 2015 05001 Bangladesh 1994 05002 Bangladesh 1996-97 05003 Bangladesh 1999-00 05004 Bangladesh 2004 05005 Bangladesh 2007 05006 Bangladesh 2011 05007 Bangladesh 2014 10401 Myanmar 2015 10801 Burundi 1987 10802 Burundi 2010 10803 Burundi 2016 11601 Cambodia 2000 11602 Cambodia 2005 11603 Cambodia 2010 11604 Cambodia 2014 12001 Cameroon 1991 12002 Cameroon 1998 12003 Cameroon 2004 12004 Cameroon 2011 14801 Chad 1996-97 14802 Chad 2004 14803 Chad 2014 18001 Congo Democratic Republic 2007 18002 Congo Democratic Republic 2013-14 20401 Benin 1996 20402 Benin 2001 20403 Benin 2006 20404 Benin 2011 23101 Ethiopia 2000 23102 Ethiopia 2005 23103 Ethiopia 2011 23104 Ethiopia 2016 28801 Ghana 1988 28802 Ghana 1993 28803 Ghana 1998 28804 Ghana 2003 28805 Ghana 2008 28806 Ghana 2014 32001 Guatemala 1987 32002 Guatemala 1995 32003 Guatemala 2015 32401 Guinea 1999 32402 Guinea 2005 32403 Guinea 2012 35601 India 1992-93 35602 India 1998-99 35603 India 2005-06 35604 India 2015-16 38401 Cote d'Ivoire 1994 38402 Cote d'Ivoire 1998 38403 Cote d'Ivoire 2011 40001 Jordan 1990 40002 Jordan 1997 40003 Jordan 2002 40004 Jordan 2007 40005 Jordan 2009 40006 Jordan 2012 40007 Jordan 2017-18 40401 Kenya 1989 40402 Kenya 1993 40403 Kenya 1998 40404 Kenya 2003 40405 Kenya 2008-9 40406 Kenya 2014 42601 Lesotho 2004 42602 Lesotho 2009 42603 Lesotho 2014 45001 Madagascar 1992 45002 Madagascar 1997 45003 Madagascar 2003 45004 Madagascar 2008 45401 Malawi 1992 45402 Malawi 2000 45403 Malawi 2004 45404 Malawi 2010 45405 Malawi 2016 46601 Mali 1987 46602 Mali 1995-6 46603 Mali 2001 46604 Mali 2006 46605 Mali 2012 50401 Morocco 1987 50402 Morocco 1992 50403 Morocco 2003 50801 Mozambique 1997 50802 Mozambique 2003 50803 Mozambique 2011 51601 Namibia 1992 51602 Namibia 2000 51603 Namibia 2006 51604 Namibia 2013 52401 Nepal 1996 52402 Nepal 2001 52403 Nepal 2006 52404 Nepal 2011 52405 Nepal 2016 56201 Niger 1992 56202 Niger 1998 56203 Niger 2006 56204 Niger 2012 56601 Nigeria 1990 56602 Nigeria 1999 56603 Nigeria 2003 56604 Nigeria 2008 56605 Nigeria 2013 58601 Pakistan 1990-91 58602 Pakistan 2006-07 58603 Pakistan 2012-13 58604 Pakistan 2017-18 60401 Peru 1991-92 60402 Peru 1996 60403 Peru 2000 60404 Peru 2004-08 60405 Peru 2010 60406 Peru 2011 60407 Peru 2012 64601 Rwanda 1992 64602 Rwanda 2000 64603 Rwanda 2005 64604 Rwanda 2010 64605 Rwanda 2014 68601 Senegal 1986 68602 Senegal 1992-93 68603 Senegal 1997 68604 Senegal 2005 68605 Senegal 2010-11 68606 Senegal 2012-13 68607 Senegal 2014 68608 Senegal 2015 68609 Senegal 2016 68610 Senegal 2017 71001 South Africa 1998 71002 South Africa 2016 71601 Zimbabwe 1988 71602 Zimbabwe 1994 71603 Zimbabwe 1999 71604 Zimbabwe 2005-6 71605 Zimbabwe 2010-11 71606 Zimbabwe 2015 72901 Sudan 1989-90 78801 Tunisia 1988 79201 Turkey 1993 79202 Turkey 1998 79203 Turkey 2003 80001 Uganda 1988 80002 Uganda 1995 80003 Uganda 2001 80004 Uganda 2006 80005 Uganda 2011 80006 Uganda 2016 81801 Egypt 1988 81802 Egypt 1992 81803 Egypt 1995 81804 Egypt 2000 81805 Egypt 2005 81806 Egypt 2008 81807 Egypt 2014 83401 Tanzania 1991 83402 Tanzania 1996 83403 Tanzania 1999 83404 Tanzania 2004 83405 Tanzania 2010 83406 Tanzania 2015 85401 Burkina Faso 1993 85402 Burkina Faso 1998 85403 Burkina Faso 2003 85404 Burkina Faso 2010 88701 Yemen 1991-92 88702 Yemen 2013 89401 Zambia 1992 89402 Zambia 1996 89403 Zambia 2001 89404 Zambia 2007 89405 Zambia 2013 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS IPUMS-DHS sample identifier (string) SAMPLESTR is a string variable that identifies the DHS sample from which the case is drawn. Each sample receives a unique 5-digit code. The first three digits are ISO/UN codes used in COUNTRY, and the last two digits identify the sample within the country, ordered by survey year. The related variable SAMPLE is a numeric variable that identifies the DHS sample with the same 5-digit code. 11603 Cambodia 2010 11602 Cambodia 2005 11601 Cambodia 2000 10803 Burundi 2016 10802 Burundi 2010 10801 Burundi 1987 10401 Myanmar 2015 05007 Bangladesh 2014 05006 Bangladesh 2011 05005 Bangladesh 2007 05004 Bangladesh 2004 05003 Bangladesh 1999-00 05001 Bangladesh 1994 05002 Bangladesh 1996-97 14801 Chad 1996-97 12004 Cameroon 2011 12003 Cameroon 2004 14803 Chad 2014 18001 Congo Democratic Republic 2007 18002 Congo Democratic Republic 2013-14 20401 Benin 1996 81807 Egypt 2014 81806 Egypt 2008 81805 Egypt 2005 81804 Egypt 2000 81803 Egypt 1995 81802 Egypt 1992 81801 Egypt 1988 80006 Uganda 2016 80005 Uganda 2011 80004 Uganda 2006 80003 Uganda 2001 80002 Uganda 1995 80001 Uganda 1988 79203 Turkey 2003 79202 Turkey 1998 79201 Turkey 1993 78801 Tunisia 1988 72901 Sudan 1989-90 71606 Zimbabwe 2015 71605 Zimbabwe 2010-11 71604 Zimbabwe 2005-6 71603 Zimbabwe 1999 71602 Zimbabwe 1994 71601 Zimbabwe 1988 71001 South Africa 1998 68610 Senegal 2017 68609 Senegal 2016 68608 Senegal 2015 68607 Senegal 2014 14802 Chad 2004 68606 Senegal 2012-13 68605 Senegal 2010-11 68604 Senegal 2005 68603 Senegal 1997 68602 Senegal 1992-93 68601 Senegal 1986 64605 Rwanda 2014 64604 Rwanda 2010 64603 Rwanda 2005 64602 Rwanda 2000 64601 Rwanda 1992 60407 Peru 2012 60406 Peru 2011 60405 Peru 2010 60404 Peru 2004-08 60403 Peru 2000 60402 Peru 1996 60401 Peru 1991-92 58603 Pakistan 2012-13 58602 Pakistan 2006-07 58601 Pakistan 1990-91 56605 Nigeria 2013 56604 Nigeria 2008 56603 Nigeria 2003 56602 Nigeria 1999 56601 Nigeria 1990 56204 Niger 2012 56203 Niger 2006 56202 Niger 1998 12002 Cameroon 1998 12001 Cameroon 1991 11604 Cambodia 2014 02401 Angola 2015 00401 Afghanistan 2015 00101 Model 2015 56201 Niger 1992 52404 Nepal 2011 52403 Nepal 2006 52402 Nepal 2001 52401 Nepal 1996 51604 Namibia 2013 51603 Namibia 2006 51602 Namibia 2000 51601 Namibia 1992 50803 Mozambique 2011 50802 Mozambique 2003 50801 Mozambique 1997 50403 Morocco 2003 50402 Morocco 1992 50401 Morocco 1987 46605 Mali 2012 46604 Mali 2006 46603 Mali 2001 46602 Mali 1995-6 46601 Mali 1987 45405 Malawi 2016 45404 Malawi 2010 45403 Malawi 2004 45402 Malawi 2000 45401 Malawi 1992 45004 Madagascar 2008 45003 Madagascar 2003 45002 Madagascar 1997 45001 Madagascar 1992 42603 Lesotho 2014 42602 Lesotho 2009 42601 Lesotho 2004 40406 Kenya 2014 40405 Kenya 2008-9 40404 Kenya 2003 40403 Kenya 1998 40402 Kenya 1993 40401 Kenya 1989 40006 Jordan 2012 40005 Jordan 2009 40004 Jordan 2007 40003 Jordan 2002 40002 Jordan 1997 40001 Jordan 1990 38403 Cote d'Ivoire 2011 38402 Cote d'Ivoire 1998 38401 Cote d'Ivoire 1994 35604 India 2015-16 35603 India 2005-06 35602 India 1998-99 35601 India 1992-93 32403 Guinea 2012 32402 Guinea 2005 32401 Guinea 1999 32003 Guatemala 2015 32002 Guatemala 1995 32001 Guatemala 1987 28806 Ghana 2014 28805 Ghana 2008 28804 Ghana 2003 28803 Ghana 1998 28802 Ghana 1993 28801 Ghana 1988 23104 Ethiopia 2016 23103 Ethiopia 2011 23102 Ethiopia 2005 23101 Ethiopia 2000 20404 Benin 2011 20403 Benin 2006 20402 Benin 2001 83401 Tanzania 1991 83402 Tanzania 1996 83403 Tanzania 1999 83404 Tanzania 2004 83405 Tanzania 2010 83406 Tanzania 2015 85401 Burkina Faso 1993 85402 Burkina Faso 1998 85403 Burkina Faso 2003 85404 Burkina Faso 2010 88701 Yemen 1991-92 88702 Yemen 2013 89401 Zambia 1992 89402 Zambia 1996 89403 Zambia 2001 89404 Zambia 2007 89405 Zambia 2013 40007 Jordan 2017 52405 Nepal 2016 58604 Pakistan 2017-18 71002 South Africa 2016 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Country COUNTRY reports the country where the survey was fielded. The codes assigned to each country are those used by the UN Statistics Division and the ISO (International Organization for Standardization). 001 Model 004 Afghanistan 024 Angola 050 Bangladesh 104 Myanmar 108 Burundi 116 Cambodia 120 Cameroon 148 Chad 180 Congo Democratic Republic 204 Benin 231 Ethiopia 288 Ghana 320 Guatemala 324 Guinea 356 India 384 Cote d'Ivoire 400 Jordan 404 Kenya 426 Lesotho 450 Madagascar 454 Malawi 466 Mali 504 Morocco 508 Mozambique 516 Namibia 524 Nepal 562 Niger 566 Nigeria 586 Pakistan 604 Peru 646 Rwanda 686 Senegal 710 South Africa 716 Zimbabwe 729 Sudan 788 Tunisia 792 Turkey 800 Uganda 818 Egypt 834 Tanzania 854 Burkina Faso 887 Yemen 894 Zambia Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Year of sample YEAR reports the year when the survey was fielded, as a four-digit variable. In some cases, the DHS was conducted over the course of two years (e.g., Ethiopia 2010-2011), but YEAR always gives a single year. For full information about the timing of the surveys, please consult the IPUMS-DHS Sample Descriptions page. 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 2017 2017 2018 2018 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Unique cross-sample household identifier IDHSHID is an identifying number unique to a specific household in a given sample. It is a concatenation of SAMPLE, CLUSTERNO and HHNUM. IDHSHID is a 19-character string variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Key to link DHS clusters to context data (string) DHSID is the 14-character DHS identification code for DHS clusters constructed from the 2-character country code, the 4-digit survey year, and the 8-digit cluster identification number. DHSID is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample and uniquely identifies clusters across samples. It serves as the unique linking key between IPUMS-DHS microdata and DHS cluster shapefiles. This is a 14-digit numeric variable with 0 implied decimal places Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Unique sample-case PSU identifier IDHSPSU is an identifying number unique to the primary sampling unit in a given sample. This variable is a concatenation of SAMPLE (which uniquely identifies each country- and year-specific sample) and PSU (the numbered primary sampling units within a given sample). Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Unique cross-sample sampling strata IDHSSTRATA is an identifying number unique to the sampling strata in a given sample. This variable is a concatenation of SAMPLE (which uniquely identifies each country- and year-specific sample) and STRATA (groups of geographically similar areas, from which primary sampling units are drawn). Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific household identifier HHID is an identifying number unique to each household in a given sample. HHID is a 15-character string variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific primary sampling unit PSUHH (HV021) indicates the primary sampling unit for household members. This variable should be used along with the variable DOMAINHH (HV023) to account for the impact of the sample design clustering on variance estimates and standard errors. The DHS Recode Manuals for Phase 2 forward describe the primary sampling unit as follows: Primary sampling unit is a number assigned to sample points to identify the primary sampling units for use in the calculation of sampling errors. This variable is usually the same as the cluster number and/or the ultimate area unit, but may differ if the sample design required a multistage selection process. See the notes on DHS webpage "Using sample weights" [URL omitted from DDI.] on variance estimation for additional information. PSUHH (HV021) is a 5-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific sampling strata STRATAHH (HV022) defines the pairings or groupings of primary sampling units used in the calculation of sampling errors when using the Taylor series expansion method. In two-stage sampling, The DHS Program may first group small geographic areas, such as enumeration areas from the last census, into broad strata defined jointly by region and urban versus rural areas within a region. In the second stage of sampling, a subset of geographic areas (sample clusters) are selected as the sites for interviewing from within defined strata. The STRATAHH variable is not the same as DOMAINHH (HV023). (Domains represent statistically representative areas for which valid summary statistics can be calculated for a survey, such as provinces and national urban versus rural combined areas, as described in the survey's final report.) The DHS Program recommends using STRATAHH along with the variable PSUHH (HV021) to account for the impact of the sampling design clustering on estimates of variance and standard errors. Users are strongly encouraged to review the FAQ section provided by The DHS Program on specifying stratification and clustering here [URL omitted from DDI.], using Stata or SPSS to account for sample design. STRATAHH (HV022) is a 3-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific domain DOMAINHH (HV023) defines the basic geographic units for which the sample was designed to yield representative estimates. The DHS Recode Manual describes DOMAINHH as follows: For example, if the sample was designed to be self-weighting within region, this variable would define those regions; if the sample was designed to be self-weighting within major urban areas, other urban areas and rural areas, this variable would define the major urban, other urban and rural areas. If the sample is self-weighted at the national level, this variable is code 0. When representative estimates are desired, users should include survey design variables, including DOMAINHH (HV023) and PSUHH (HV021), and the correct sample weights (e.g., HHWEIGHT (HV005)) to adjust sampling errors to account for the DHS Program's sample design. In most countries, DOMAINHH defines the stratification for the sample (generally either regional or national). However, some countries use two levels of stratification, such as region and urban/rural areas. Users should check for the correct stratification design by consulting the Final Report(s) for the sample(s) of interest (particularly the Introduction and Sample Design sections and Implementation Appendix). Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Household number in cluster IDENTIFICATION DIVISION: DISTRICT: THANA: UNION OR WARD: VILLAGE OR MOHALLA OR BLOCK: CLUSTER NUMBER: HOUSEHOLD NUMBER: REGION: DHAKA/CHITTAGONG OR SMALL CITY OR TOWN OR VILLAGE? DHAKA OR CHITTAGONG 1 SMALL CITY 2 TOWN 3 VILLAGE 4 HHNUMALL (HV002) is the number identifying the household within the cluster or sample point. In some cases, this variable may be the combination of the dwelling number and the household number within the dwelling. To uniquely identify households in most samples, researchers must use HHNUMALL with CLUSTERNOALL (HV001). HHNUMALL is a 4-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific cluster number IDENTIFICATION DIVISION: DISTRICT: THANA: UNION OR WARD: VILLAGE OR MOHALLA OR BLOCK: CLUSTER NUMBER: HOUSEHOLD NUMBER: REGION: DHAKA/CHITTAGONG OR SMALL CITY OR TOWN OR VILLAGE? DHAKA OR CHITTAGONG 1 SMALL CITY 2 TOWN 3 VILLAGE 4 CLUSTERNOALL (HV001) reports the cluster number for the household member's de facto residence. According to the DHS Sampling Manual, "A cluster is the smallest geographical survey statistical unit for DHS surveys. It consists of a number of adjacent households in a geographical area. For DHS surveys, a cluster corresponds either to an [enumeration area], or a segment of a large [enumeration area]." The most recent census for a country, which divided all territory into enumeration areas to ensure full coverage of the population, often provides the sampling frame for a DHS survey. CLUSTERNOALL is the variable indicating the primary sampling unit or PSU. CLUSTERNOALL should be used along with the variable STRATAHH (HV022) to account for the impact of sample design clustering on the estimates of variance and standard errors. See the notes on DHS webpage "Use sample weights" [URL omitted from DDI.] on variance estimation for additional information. CLUSTERNOALL (HV001) and HHNUMALL (HV002) can be used to merge the household member recode file to the women's individual recode file. See the DHS webpage Merging Datasets [URL omitted from DDI.] on variables to be used for linking data sets. CLUSTERNOALL is an 8 digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific ultimate area unit ULTAREAUNITALL (HV004) is a number assigned to each sample point to identify the ultimate area units used in the collection of data. This variable is usually the same as the cluster number [CLUSTERNOALL (HV001)], but it may be a sequentially-numbered variable for samples with a more complicated sampling structure. ULTAREAUNITALL can be used to account for the effects of sampling design clustering on variance estimates and standard errors. ULTAREAUNITALL (HV004) is a 4-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Line number in household HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULE Now we would like some information about the people who usually live in your household or who are staying with you now. 1. LINE NUMBER ___ HHLINENO (HVIDX) reports the line number of the household member in the household schedule. 73 73 72 72 71 71 70 70 69 69 68 68 67 67 66 66 65 65 64 64 63 63 62 62 61 61 60 60 59 59 58 58 57 57 56 56 55 55 54 54 53 53 52 52 51 51 50 50 49 49 48 48 47 47 46 46 45 45 44 44 43 43 42 42 41 41 40 40 39 39 38 38 37 37 36 36 35 35 34 34 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 01 1 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Respondent's line number (answering Household questionnaire) INTERVIEWER VISITS FIRST VISIT (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD VISITS) DATE INTERVIEWER'S NAME RESULT* 1 COMPLETED 2 NO HOUSEHOLD MEMBER AT HOME OR NO COMPETENT RESPONDENT AT HOME AT TIME OF VISIT 3 ENTIRE HOUSEHOLD ABSENT FOR EXTENDED PERIOD OF TIME 4 POSTPONED 5 REFUSED 6 DWELLING VACANT OR ADDRESS NOT A DWELLING 7 DWELLING DESTROYED 8 DWELLING NOT FOUND 9 OTHER (SPECIFY) NEXT VISIT DATE TIME FINAL VISIT DAY MONTH YEAR INTERVIEWER'S CODE RESULT* TOTAL NUMBER OF VISITS: TOTAL PERSONS IN HOUSEHOLD: TOTAL ELIGIBLE WOMEN: TOTAL ELIGIBLE MEN: LINE NUMBER OF RESPONDENT TO HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULE: LINENOHHRESP (HV003) reports the line number in the household schedule of the person responding to the questions asked in the household questionnaire. If nobody in the household was available for the interview, this variable is coded "00." 00 Not in household 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 98 Missing Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Household sample weight (6 decimals) HHWEIGHT (HV005) is an 8-digit numeric variable, which should be used as a weighting factor to produce representative numbers accurately describing the surveyed population, when household members are the unit of analysis. Weights and subsample selection Variables -- TOPICS Population factor weight POPWT is a population adjustment factor created by IPUMS to generate count estimates of household members for samples that are nationally representative. See our documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about how POPWT was created. Weights and subsample selection Variables -- TOPICS Number of eligible women in household INTERVIEWER VISITS FIRST VISIT (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD VISITS) DATE INTERVIEWER'S NAME RESULT* 1 COMPLETED 2 NO HOUSEHOLD MEMBER AT HOME OR NO COMPETENT RESPONDENT AT HOME AT TIME OF VISIT 3 ENTIRE HOUSEHOLD ABSENT FOR EXTENDED PERIOD OF TIME 4 POSTPONED 5 REFUSED 6 DWELLING VACANT OR ADDRESS NOT A DWELLING 7 DWELLING DESTROYED 8 DWELLING NOT FOUND 9 OTHER (SPECIFY) NEXT VISIT DATE TIME FINAL VISIT DAY MONTH YEAR INTERVIEWER'S CODE RESULT* TOTAL NUMBER OF VISITS: TOTAL PERSONS IN HOUSEHOLD: TOTAL ELIGIBLE WOMEN: TOTAL ELIGIBLE MEN: LINE NUMBER OF RESPONDENT TO HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULE: ELIGFEMNO (HV010) reports the number of women in the household who are eligible for the individual survey (for women of childbearing age). The selection criteria for eligibility are usually women age 15 to 49. In some countries, the selection criteria are further restricted to ever-married women. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 99 NIU (not in universe) Weights and subsample selection Variables -- TOPICS Eligibility for female interview FOR ALL WOMEN AGED 10-49 9. WOMAN ELIGIBILITY: CIRCLE LINE NUMBER OF ALL EVER MARRIED WOMEN FROM QUESTION 8 CODES 1 AND 2. FOR ALL MEN AGED 15-59 10. MAN'S ELIGIBILITY: IF HOUSEHOLD CHOSEN FOR MEN'S SURVEY, CIRCLE LINE NUMBER OF ALL CURRENTLY MARRIED MEN FROM QUESTION 8 CODE 1. ELIGFEMINT (HV117) indicates whether the household member is eligible for the individual women's survey (i.e., those who could be part of the individual recode [IR] file). According to the DHS recode manuals: In most surveys, both de facto and non-de facto women are interviewed; however, women are included in the individual recode only if they were eligible for the interview and were de facto members of the household. (A few surveys use a de jure sample, and the above selection does not apply in those countries.) 0 Not eligible 1 Eligible 9 NIU (not in universe) Weights and subsample selection Variables -- TOPICS Number of eligible men in household INTERVIEWER VISITS FIRST VISIT (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD VISITS) DATE INTERVIEWER'S NAME RESULT* 1 COMPLETED 2 NO HOUSEHOLD MEMBER AT HOME OR NO COMPETENT RESPONDENT AT HOME AT TIME OF VISIT 3 ENTIRE HOUSEHOLD ABSENT FOR EXTENDED PERIOD OF TIME 4 POSTPONED 5 REFUSED 6 DWELLING VACANT OR ADDRESS NOT A DWELLING 7 DWELLING DESTROYED 8 DWELLING NOT FOUND 9 OTHER (SPECIFY) NEXT VISIT DATE TIME FINAL VISIT DAY MONTH YEAR INTERVIEWER'S CODE RESULT* TOTAL NUMBER OF VISITS: TOTAL PERSONS IN HOUSEHOLD: TOTAL ELIGIBLE WOMEN: TOTAL ELIGIBLE MEN: LINE NUMBER OF RESPONDENT TO HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULE: ELIGMALNO (HV011) reports the number of men in the household who are eligible for the men's or husband's survey. The selection criteria for eligibility are country-specific. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 Weights and subsample selection Variables -- TOPICS Eligible for men's survey FOR ALL WOMEN AGED 10-49 9. WOMAN ELIGIBILITY: CIRCLE LINE NUMBER OF ALL EVER MARRIED WOMEN FROM QUESTION 8 CODES 1 AND 2. FOR ALL MEN AGED 15-59 10. MAN'S ELIGIBILITY: IF HOUSEHOLD CHOSEN FOR MEN'S SURVEY, CIRCLE LINE NUMBER OF ALL CURRENTLY MARRIED MEN FROM QUESTION 8 CODE 1. ELIGMALEINT (HV118) indicates whether the household member is eligible for the individual men's survey. 0 Not eligible 1 Eligible 9 NIU (not in universe) Weights and subsample selection Variables -- TOPICS Household weight for male subsample (6 decimals) HHMWEIGHT (HV028) is an 8-digit numeric variable, which should be used as a weighting factor for the subset of households that were randomly selected for the men's or husband's survey. HHMWEIGHT should be used to weight all estimates produced using the households selected for the men's or husband's survey. For households not included in the men's or husband's survey, HHMWEIGHT is set to zero. Note: For researchers using a flat data file (.dat), HHMWEIGHT contains 6 implied decimal places, and researchers should divide this variable by 1,000,000 before applying it as a weighting factor. For all other data formats, HHMWEIGHT has already been adjusted, and researchers do not need to make any changes before using this variable. 00000000 0 Weights and subsample selection Variables -- TOPICS Line number of the head of household HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULE Now we would like some information about the people who usually live in your household or who are staying with you now. 1. LINE NUMBER ___ HHEADLINENO (HV218) reports the line number of the head of the household. According to the DHS recode manual: This should always be 01; however, there are some households in certain surveys in which the head of household has not been listed as the first person in the household listing. To determine the proportion of households (rather than persons in households) with a given characteristic (e.g., the share of households with electricity), researchers should restrict the sample of household members to one representative per household. Such restriction can be done by selecting only persons with line number 01 in the household roster (using HHLINENO) or selecting only persons coded as head of household in HHRELATE). HHEADLINENO demonstrates that these two criteria usually but not always identify the same person as a representative of the household. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 99 NIU (not in universe) Weights and subsample selection Variables -- TOPICS Year of interview INTERVIEWER VISITS FIRST VISIT (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD VISITS) DATE INTERVIEWER'S NAME RESULT* 1 COMPLETED 2 NO HOUSEHOLD MEMBER AT HOME OR NO COMPETENT RESPONDENT AT HOME AT TIME OF VISIT 3 ENTIRE HOUSEHOLD ABSENT FOR EXTENDED PERIOD OF TIME 4 POSTPONED 5 REFUSED 6 DWELLING VACANT OR ADDRESS NOT A DWELLING 7 DWELLING DESTROYED 8 DWELLING NOT FOUND 9 OTHER (SPECIFY) NEXT VISIT DATE TIME FINAL VISIT DAY MONTH YEAR INTERVIEWER'S CODE RESULT* TOTAL NUMBER OF VISITS: TOTAL PERSONS IN HOUSEHOLD: TOTAL ELIGIBLE WOMEN: TOTAL ELIGIBLE MEN: LINE NUMBER OF RESPONDENT TO HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULE: HHINTYR (HV007) reports the year the interview took place. The dates reported in HHINTYR are based on the Gregorian calendar. 2018 2018 2017 2017 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Month of interview INTERVIEWER VISITS FIRST VISIT (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD VISITS) DATE INTERVIEWER'S NAME RESULT* 1 COMPLETED 2 NO HOUSEHOLD MEMBER AT HOME OR NO COMPETENT RESPONDENT AT HOME AT TIME OF VISIT 3 ENTIRE HOUSEHOLD ABSENT FOR EXTENDED PERIOD OF TIME 4 POSTPONED 5 REFUSED 6 DWELLING VACANT OR ADDRESS NOT A DWELLING 7 DWELLING DESTROYED 8 DWELLING NOT FOUND 9 OTHER (SPECIFY) NEXT VISIT DATE TIME FINAL VISIT DAY MONTH YEAR INTERVIEWER'S CODE RESULT* TOTAL NUMBER OF VISITS: TOTAL PERSONS IN HOUSEHOLD: TOTAL ELIGIBLE WOMEN: TOTAL ELIGIBLE MEN: LINE NUMBER OF RESPONDENT TO HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULE: HHINTMO (HV006) reports the month when the interview took place, according to the Gregorian calendar. 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Day of interview INTERVIEWER VISITS FIRST VISIT (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD VISITS) DATE INTERVIEWER'S NAME RESULT* 1 COMPLETED 2 NO HOUSEHOLD MEMBER AT HOME OR NO COMPETENT RESPONDENT AT HOME AT TIME OF VISIT 3 ENTIRE HOUSEHOLD ABSENT FOR EXTENDED PERIOD OF TIME 4 POSTPONED 5 REFUSED 6 DWELLING VACANT OR ADDRESS NOT A DWELLING 7 DWELLING DESTROYED 8 DWELLING NOT FOUND 9 OTHER (SPECIFY) NEXT VISIT DATE TIME FINAL VISIT DAY MONTH YEAR INTERVIEWER'S CODE RESULT* TOTAL NUMBER OF VISITS: TOTAL PERSONS IN HOUSEHOLD: TOTAL ELIGIBLE WOMEN: TOTAL ELIGIBLE MEN: LINE NUMBER OF RESPONDENT TO HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULE: HHINTDAY (HV016) reports the day of the month on which the interview took place. HHINTDAY uses dates expressed in the Gregorian calendar. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Century month date of interview INTERVIEWER VISITS FIRST VISIT (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD VISITS) DATE INTERVIEWER'S NAME RESULT* 1 COMPLETED 2 NO HOUSEHOLD MEMBER AT HOME OR NO COMPETENT RESPONDENT AT HOME AT TIME OF VISIT 3 ENTIRE HOUSEHOLD ABSENT FOR EXTENDED PERIOD OF TIME 4 POSTPONED 5 REFUSED 6 DWELLING VACANT OR ADDRESS NOT A DWELLING 7 DWELLING DESTROYED 8 DWELLING NOT FOUND 9 OTHER (SPECIFY) NEXT VISIT DATE TIME FINAL VISIT DAY MONTH YEAR INTERVIEWER'S CODE RESULT* TOTAL NUMBER OF VISITS: TOTAL PERSONS IN HOUSEHOLD: TOTAL ELIGIBLE WOMEN: TOTAL ELIGIBLE MEN: LINE NUMBER OF RESPONDENT TO HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULE: HHINTCMC (HV008) reports the century month code for the date on which the interview took place. Century month codes (CMC) are particularly useful for checking the consistency of dates, calculating intervals between events, and imputing dates when the information for an event is missing or partially complete. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006) [URL omitted from DDI.]. The century month codes reported in HHINTCMC are calculated using the Gregorian calculator. HHINTCMC (HV008) is a 4-digit variable. Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Century month code (CMC) for start of survey INTSTARTCMC reports the century month code (CMC) for the first month the survey was fielded, according to the DHS Program website. The contextual variables in IPUMS DHS use the month in INTSTARTCMC as the month of the survey start date. The related variable INTENDCMC reports the century month code for the last month the survey was fielded, according to the DHS Program website. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC minus 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006). [URL omitted from DDI.]. The century month codes reported in INTSTARTCMC are calculated using the Gregorian calculator. 1415 1415 1414 1414 1399 1399 1397 1397 1408 1408 1402 1402 1398 1398 1393 1393 1392 1392 1391 1391 1390 1390 1388 1388 1387 1387 1386 1386 1381 1381 1379 1379 1378 1378 1377 1377 1374 1374 1373 1373 1372 1372 1369 1369 1365 1365 1364 1364 1361 1361 1358 1358 1355 1355 1354 1354 1353 1353 1350 1350 1346 1346 1344 1344 1339 1339 1338 1338 1333 1333 1332 1332 1330 1330 1329 1329 1328 1328 1327 1327 1326 1326 1325 1325 1320 1320 1318 1318 1307 1307 1305 1305 1302 1302 1299 1299 1296 1296 1290 1290 1288 1288 1287 1287 1285 1285 1283 1283 1281 1281 1280 1280 1277 1277 1274 1274 1273 1273 1271 1271 1269 1269 1268 1268 1264 1264 1262 1262 1258 1258 1257 1257 1255 1255 1250 1250 1249 1249 1248 1248 1247 1247 1246 1246 1244 1244 1243 1243 1242 1242 1241 1241 1240 1240 1239 1239 1231 1231 1223 1223 1220 1220 1213 1213 1209 1209 1207 1207 1206 1206 1202 1202 1199 1199 1197 1197 1193 1193 1191 1191 1187 1187 1185 1185 1184 1184 1179 1179 1178 1178 1177 1177 1173 1173 1170 1170 1167 1167 1165 1165 1164 1164 1163 1163 1160 1160 1159 1159 1158 1158 1153 1153 1151 1151 1143 1143 1135 1135 1134 1134 1127 1127 1125 1125 1124 1124 1118 1118 1116 1116 1115 1115 1113 1113 1111 1111 1110 1110 1109 1109 1108 1108 1107 1107 1105 1105 1103 1103 1102 1102 1096 1096 1092 1092 1090 1090 1084 1084 1079 1079 1068 1068 1066 1066 1065 1065 1062 1062 1058 1058 1049 1049 1047 1047 1036 1036 Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Century month code (CMC) for end of survey INTENDCMC reports the century month code (CMC) for the last month the survey was fielded, according to the DHS Program website. The related variable INTSTARTCMC reports the century month code for the first month the survey was fielded, according to the DHS Program website. The contextual variables in IPUMS DHS use the month in INTSTARTCMC as the month of the survey start date. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC minus 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006). [URL omitted from DDI.]. The century month codes reported in INTENDCMC are calculated using the Gregorian calculator. 1418 1418 1417 1417 1403 1403 1420 1420 1039 1039 1051 1051 1052 1052 1062 1062 1066 1066 1069 1069 1070 1070 1073 1073 1085 1085 1090 1090 1092 1092 1097 1097 1101 1101 1105 1105 1107 1107 1108 1108 1109 1109 1110 1110 1114 1114 1115 1115 1118 1118 1119 1119 1124 1124 1125 1125 1126 1126 1130 1130 1131 1131 1139 1139 1148 1148 1153 1153 1157 1157 1158 1158 1160 1160 1163 1163 1165 1165 1167 1167 1168 1168 1171 1171 1174 1174 1176 1176 1182 1182 1183 1183 1185 1185 1187 1187 1190 1190 1191 1191 1193 1193 1195 1195 1199 1199 1200 1200 1203 1203 1204 1204 1205 1205 1207 1207 1208 1208 1211 1211 1212 1212 1215 1215 1217 1217 1218 1218 1223 1223 1229 1229 1233 1233 1242 1242 1244 1244 1245 1245 1246 1246 1247 1247 1249 1249 1250 1250 1251 1251 1253 1253 1256 1256 1261 1261 1262 1262 1265 1265 1266 1266 1267 1267 1268 1268 1272 1272 1274 1274 1275 1275 1276 1276 1277 1277 1280 1280 1282 1282 1283 1283 1284 1284 1286 1286 1287 1287 1292 1292 1294 1294 1295 1295 1300 1300 1302 1302 1306 1306 1307 1307 1310 1310 1316 1316 1320 1320 1321 1321 1325 1325 1331 1331 1333 1333 1335 1335 1336 1336 1337 1337 1338 1338 1340 1340 1343 1343 1344 1344 1347 1347 1349 1349 1350 1350 1354 1354 1356 1356 1358 1358 1360 1360 1362 1362 1365 1365 1367 1367 1370 1370 1372 1372 1374 1374 1378 1378 1379 1379 1380 1380 1384 1384 1390 1390 1392 1392 1394 1394 1398 1398 1399 1399 1402 1402 1404 1404 1405 1405 1406 1406 1416 1416 Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Number of visits by interviewer INTERVIEWER VISITS FIRST VISIT (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD VISITS) DATE INTERVIEWER'S NAME RESULT* 1 COMPLETED 2 NO HOUSEHOLD MEMBER AT HOME OR NO COMPETENT RESPONDENT AT HOME AT TIME OF VISIT 3 ENTIRE HOUSEHOLD ABSENT FOR EXTENDED PERIOD OF TIME 4 POSTPONED 5 REFUSED 6 DWELLING VACANT OR ADDRESS NOT A DWELLING 7 DWELLING DESTROYED 8 DWELLING NOT FOUND 9 OTHER (SPECIFY) NEXT VISIT DATE TIME FINAL VISIT DAY MONTH YEAR INTERVIEWER'S CODE RESULT* TOTAL NUMBER OF VISITS: TOTAL PERSONS IN HOUSEHOLD: TOTAL ELIGIBLE WOMEN: TOTAL ELIGIBLE MEN: LINE NUMBER OF RESPONDENT TO HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULE: VISITNO (HV017) reports the number of visits by an interviewer required to complete the interview. 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 9 9 General technical Variables -- TOPICS Ever-married sample EVMARHH (HV020) indicates whether the sample includes only ever-married women or includes all women of childbearing age. 0 All woman sample 1 Ever-married sample General technical Variables -- TOPICS Identification number of interviewer, household survey INTERVIEWER VISITS FIRST VISIT (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD VISITS) DATE INTERVIEWER'S NAME RESULT* 1 COMPLETED 2 NO HOUSEHOLD MEMBER AT HOME OR NO COMPETENT RESPONDENT AT HOME AT TIME OF VISIT 3 ENTIRE HOUSEHOLD ABSENT FOR EXTENDED PERIOD OF TIME 4 POSTPONED 5 REFUSED 6 DWELLING VACANT OR ADDRESS NOT A DWELLING 7 DWELLING DESTROYED 8 DWELLING NOT FOUND 9 OTHER (SPECIFY) NEXT VISIT DATE TIME FINAL VISIT DAY MONTH YEAR INTERVIEWER'S CODE RESULT* TOTAL NUMBER OF VISITS: TOTAL PERSONS IN HOUSEHOLD: TOTAL ELIGIBLE WOMEN: TOTAL ELIGIBLE MEN: LINE NUMBER OF RESPONDENT TO HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULE: INTERVIEWERIDHH (HV018) reports the interviewer identification code for the interviewer conducting the household survey. Codes are country- and sample-specific; a given numeric code in one survey refers to a different person than the same numeric code in another survey. Numbering of interviewer codes is not necessarily consecutive; some surveys use "0" as an identification code, for example, while others begin with a 3-digit number. Using the interviewer identification codes, researchers can evaluate whether the quality of responses (e.g., the number of "missing" cases) depended on the person conducting the interview. General technical Variables -- TOPICS Urban-rural status IDENTIFICATION DIVISION: DISTRICT: THANA: UNION OR WARD: VILLAGE OR MOHALLA OR BLOCK: CLUSTER NUMBER: HOUSEHOLD NUMBER: REGION: DHAKA/CHITTAGONG OR SMALL CITY OR TOWN OR VILLAGE? DHAKA OR CHITTAGONG 1 SMALL CITY 2 TOWN 3 VILLAGE 4 URBANHH (HV025) indicates whether the household member's de facto place of residence (i.e., where the person actually was at the time of the survey) was in an urban or rural location. 1 Urban 2 Rural Geography, general Variables -- TOPICS Bangladesh regions, 1994-2014 [integrated; GIS] IDENTIFICATION DIVISION: DISTRICT: THANA: UNION OR WARD: VILLAGE OR MOHALLA OR BLOCK: CLUSTER NUMBER: HOUSEHOLD NUMBER: REGION: DHAKA/CHITTAGONG OR SMALL CITY OR TOWN OR VILLAGE? DHAKA OR CHITTAGONG 1 SMALL CITY 2 TOWN 3 VILLAGE 4 GEO_BD1994_2014 indicates the region of Bangladesh where the respondent was interviewed. The variable is integrated to yield units with consistent boundaries across samples. Labels identify the modern geographic units (divisions) contained in each integrated region. Each sample also has its own non-integrated geography variable. An integrated GIS map (in shapefile format) for Bangladesh can be downloaded here [URL omitted from DDI.]. 8 Missing 1 Barisal 2 Chittagong and Sylhet 3 Dhaka 4 Khulna 5 Rajshahi and Rangpur Integrated geography Variables -- TOPICS Bangladesh regions, 2000 [GIS] IDENTIFICATION DIVISION: DISTRICT: THANA: UNION OR WARD: VILLAGE OR MOHALLA OR BLOCK: CLUSTER NUMBER: HOUSEHOLD NUMBER: REGION: DHAKA/CHITTAGONG OR SMALL CITY OR TOWN OR VILLAGE? DHAKA OR CHITTAGONG 1 SMALL CITY 2 TOWN 3 VILLAGE 4 GEO_BD2000 (V101_BD2000) indicates the region of Bangladesh where the respondent was interviewed. DHS regions in the 2000 Bangladesh survey are equivalent to divisions. Other sample years have their own sample-specific geography variables. There is also an integrated variable, GEO_BD1994_2014, that provides spatially consistent units over time. A GIS map for GEO_BD2000 (in shapefile format) can be downloaded from the DHS Program Spatial Data Repository [URL omitted from DDI.] Boundaries page. 6 Sylhet 5 Rajshahi 4 Khulna 3 Dhaka 2 Chittagong 1 Barisal Single sample geography Variables -- TOPICS DHS-IPUMS-I Bangladesh regions, 1991-2014 IDENTIFICATION DIVISION: DISTRICT: THANA: UNION OR WARD: VILLAGE OR MOHALLA OR BLOCK: CLUSTER NUMBER: HOUSEHOLD NUMBER: REGION: DHAKA/CHITTAGONG OR SMALL CITY OR TOWN OR VILLAGE? DHAKA OR CHITTAGONG 1 SMALL CITY 2 TOWN 3 VILLAGE 4 DHS_IPUMSI_BD provides geographic codes for Bangladesh that match those in the DHS and IPUMS-International [URL omitted from DDI.] databases. This variable can be used to link contextual area data from IPUMS-DHS to IPUMS-International or vice versa. The codes in DHS_IPUMSI_BD indicate the major administrative unit in which the household was enumerated or surveyed. GIS shapefiles for Bangladesh can be downloaded here [URL omitted from DDI.]. 1 Barisal 2 Chittagong and Sylhet 3 Dhaka 4 Khulna 5 Rajshahi and Rangpur IPUMS International geography Variables -- TOPICS Sex of household member 4. SEX: Is (NAME) a male or female? MALE 1 FEMALE 2 SEX (HV104) reports the sex of the household member, as given by the respondent for the household questionnaire. 1 Male 2 Female 8 Missing Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Age of household member 7. AGE: How old is (NAME) IN YEARS ___ HHAGE (HV105) reports the household member's age, as given by the respondent for the household questionnaire. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 83 84 84 85 85 86 86 87 87 88 88 89 89 90 90 91 91 92 92 93 93 94 94 95 95+ 97 Don't know 98 Missing Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Usual resident or visitor 5. RESIDENCE: Does (NAME) usually live her? YES 1 NO 2 HHRESIDENT (HV102) indicates whether the household member is a usual resident of the household or is just visiting. As defined by the HHRESIDENT variable, a visitor could potentially reside in the city, town, or village where the interview took place, but would have answered "No" to the question, "Does (NAME) usually live here [in this dwelling unit]?" on the household questionnaire. 1 Usual resident 2 Visitor 8 Missing Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Slept last night in HH 6. Did (NAME) sleep here last night? YES 1 NO 2 HHSLEPT (HV103) indicates whether the household member is a de facto member of the household, in terms of whether the individual slept in the household the previous night. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Relationship to household head 3. RELATIONSHIP TO HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD: What is the relationship of (NAME) to the head of the household? 01 HEAD 02 WIFE OR HUSBAND 03 SON OR DAUGHTER 04 SON-IN-LAW OR DAUGHTER-IN-LAW 05 GRANDCHILD 06 PARENT 07 PARENT-IN-LAW 09 BROTHER OR SISTER 10 OTHER RELATIVE 11 ADOPTED OR FOSTER OR STEPCHILD 12 NOT RELATED 98 DON'T KNOW HHRELATE (HV101) reports the household member's relationship to the head of the household/householder. 42 Herdboy 14 Stepson/daughter 41 Domestic servant 01 Head 02 Wife or husband 03 Son/daughter 04 Son/daughter-in-law 05 Grandchild 06 Parent 07 Parent-in-law 08 Brother/sister 09 Co-spouse 10 Adopted/foster child 11 Brother/sister-in-law 12 Grandparent 13 Aunt/uncle 20 Niece/nephew 21 Niece/nephew by blood 22 Niece/nephew by marriage 30 Other relative 40 Not related 97 Don't know 98 Missing Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Currently, formerly, never married MARITAL STATUS FOR ALL AGED 10 OR ABOVE 8. What is the current marital status of (NAME)? CURRENTLY MARRIED 1 FORMERLY MARRIED (DIVORCED OR WIDOWED OR SEPARATED OR DESERTED) 2 NEVER MARRIED 3 HHCURRMARR (HV116) reports the household member's marital/union status as "Never married," "Currently married," or "Formerly married." "Never married" includes household members who have never lived with a partner. "Currently married" includes household members who are married and those who are not formally married but are living with a partner. "Formerly married" includes household members who are widowed, divorced, separated, or who have formerly lived with a partner. In samples where the only question asked relates to whether the household member has ever been married (not cohabiting), the responses are coded "10" for "Ever-married" and "0" for "Never married." 00 Never married 10 Ever married 11 Currently married 12 Formerly married 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Number of household members INTERVIEWER VISITS FIRST VISIT (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD VISITS) DATE INTERVIEWER'S NAME RESULT* 1 COMPLETED 2 NO HOUSEHOLD MEMBER AT HOME OR NO COMPETENT RESPONDENT AT HOME AT TIME OF VISIT 3 ENTIRE HOUSEHOLD ABSENT FOR EXTENDED PERIOD OF TIME 4 POSTPONED 5 REFUSED 6 DWELLING VACANT OR ADDRESS NOT A DWELLING 7 DWELLING DESTROYED 8 DWELLING NOT FOUND 9 OTHER (SPECIFY) NEXT VISIT DATE TIME FINAL VISIT DAY MONTH YEAR INTERVIEWER'S CODE RESULT* TOTAL NUMBER OF VISITS: TOTAL PERSONS IN HOUSEHOLD: TOTAL ELIGIBLE WOMEN: TOTAL ELIGIBLE MEN: LINE NUMBER OF RESPONDENT TO HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULE: HHMEMBERS (HV009) reports the number of household members in the household. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Number of de jure members DEJURENO (HV012) reports the total number of de jure household members, or the number of household members who usually live in the household (i.e., excluding visitors). 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Number of de facto members DEFACTONO (HV013) reports the total number of de facto household members, or the number of household members who slept in the household the previous night, including visitors. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Number of children 5 and under (de jure) KIDLT5NO (HV014) reports the number of children under age 5 in the household (de jure). 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Age of household head (from HH record) HHEADAGEHH (HV220) reports the age of the head of the household. The information in HHEADAGEHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 98 Missing 96 Non-resident 95 95+ 94 94 93 93 92 92 91 91 90 90 89 89 88 88 87 87 86 86 85 85 84 84 83 83 82 82 81 81 80 80 79 79 78 78 77 77 76 76 75 75 74 74 73 73 72 72 71 71 70 70 69 69 68 68 67 67 66 66 65 65 64 64 63 63 62 62 61 61 60 60 59 59 58 58 57 57 56 56 55 55 54 54 53 53 52 52 51 51 50 50 49 49 48 48 47 47 46 46 45 45 44 44 43 43 42 42 41 41 40 40 39 39 38 38 37 37 36 36 35 35 34 34 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 99 NIU (not in universe) 01 1 97 Don't know Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Sex of household head (from hh record) HHEADSEXHH (HV219) reports the sex of the head of the household. The information in HHEADSEXHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 1 Male 2 Female 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Relationship structure in HH 3. RELATIONSHIP TO HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD: What is the relationship of (NAME) to the head of the household? 01 HEAD 02 WIFE OR HUSBAND 03 SON OR DAUGHTER 04 SON-IN-LAW OR DAUGHTER-IN-LAW 05 GRANDCHILD 06 PARENT 07 PARENT-IN-LAW 09 BROTHER OR SISTER 10 OTHER RELATIVE 11 ADOPTED OR FOSTER OR STEPCHILD 12 NOT RELATED 98 DON'T KNOW FAMSTRUCTR (HV217) indicates the relationship structure (no adults, one adult, two related adults of the opposite sex, two related adults of the same sex, three or more related adults, or unrelated adults) in the household. Only usual (de jure) household members aged 15 and over are considered in determining the household's relationship structure. FAMSTRUCTR is a constructed variable, based on information about each household member's age, sex, and relationship to the householder, which was collected when completing the listing of persons in the household at the time of the survey. The information in FAMSTRUCTR is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 8 Missing 6 Non-resident 5 Unrelated adults 4 Three plus related adults 3 Two adults, same sex 2 Two adults, opp sex 1 One adult 0 No adults 9 NIU (not in universe) Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Main material of outside walls of dwelling 25. MAIN MATERIAL OF THE WALLS. RECORD OBSERVATION. NATURAL WALLS JUTE OR BAMBOO OR MUD (KATCHA) 11 RUDIMENTARY WALLS WOOD 21 FINISHED WALLS BRICK OR CEMENT 31 TIN 32 OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 WALL (HV214) reports the main material of the outside walls of the dwelling. Response categories vary widely across surveys but fall into broad groups (i.e., natural materials, rudimentary processed materials, and finished materials). See Comparability. 376 Metal, unspecified 375 Corrugated asbestos 374 Iron or zinc sheets 292 Unburnt brick with cement 127 Animal dung 126 Hay with mud 241 Trunks with mud 000 No walls 100 NATURAL 110 Cane/palm/trunks/grass/sticks 111 Cane/palm/trunks 112 Cane/trunks 113 Cane/trunks/bamboo/reeds 114 Palm branches 115 Sticks 116 Shells 120 Earth/mud/dirt/dung 121 Unbaked brick, mud, or earth 122 Earth 123 Mud 124 Mud, dung 125 Dirt 130 Thatch/mat/leaves/straw/reeds 131 Grass 132 Thatch or straw 200 RUDIMENTARY 210 Bamboo with mud 211 Bamboo/wood with mud 212 Bamboo 220 Stone with mud 230 Rough wood 231 Plywood 232 Reused wood 233 Timber 234 Wood/metal planks 240 Poles and mud 250 Tin/cardboard/paper/bags 251 Cardboard 252 Carton 260 Uncovered adobe 270 Corrugated metal 280 Canvas/tent 300 FINISHED 310 Cement/concrete 311 Semi-dur (cement and sand blocks) 320 Bricks 321 Finished/burnt bricks 322 Burnt bricks with mud 323 Burnt bricks with cement 324 Sundried bricks 330 Cement blocks 340 Wood planks/shingles 341 Wood and grass 350 Stone 351 Stone with lime/cement 360 Covered adobe 370 Other finished 371 Metal or asbestos sheets 400 OTHER 998 Missing 996 Non-resident 290 Unburnt bricks 373 T-iron/wood/brick 372 Tin 377 Prefab 291 Unburnt brick and plaster 999 NIU (not in universe) Housing Variables -- TOPICS Main material of floor 26. MAIN MATERIAL OF THE FLOOR. RECORD OBSERVATION. NATURAL FLOOR EARTH OR BAMBOO (KATCHA) 11 RUDIMENTARY FLOOR WOOD 21 FINISHED FLOOR (PUKKA) CEMENT OR CONCRETE 31 OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 FLOOR (HV213) reports the main material of the floor of the dwelling. Response categories vary widely across surveys but fall into broad groups (i.e., natural materials, rudimentary processed materials, and finished materials). See Comparability. 116 Mud and hay 999 NIU (not in universe) 391 Plaster 996 Non-resident 100 NATURAL 110 Earth-based 111 Earth, sand 112 Earth, mud 113 Earth, mud, clay 114 Sand 115 Dirt/Earth 120 Dung-based 121 Dung 122 Earth and dung 123 Mud, dung, sand 200 RUDIMENTARY 210 Wood 211 Wood planks 212 Wood and tile 213 Wood/palm/bamboo 220 Palm/bamboo 221 Palm/bamboo/leaves 230 Other rudimentary 231 Broken bricks 232 Adobe 233 Unfinished stone 300 FINISHED 310 Parquet/polished wood 311 Polished wood/vinyl/tiles 320 Vinyl/asphalt strips/linoleum 321 Linoleum 330 Tiles/mosaic 331 Ceramic tiles 332 Cement tiles 333 Ceramic/terrazo tiles 334 Ceramic/marble tiles 335 Tiles/brick 340 Cement/concrete 350 Carpet 360 Terrazzo 370 Stone 380 Bricks 390 Other finished 400 OTHER 997 Don't know 998 Missing 322 Vinyl 351 Mat Housing Variables -- TOPICS Main material of roof 24. MAIN MATERIAL OF THE ROOF. RECORD OBSERVATION. NATURAL ROOF KATCHA (BAMBOO OR THATCH) 11 RUDIMENTARY ROOF TIN 21 FINISHED ROOF (PUKKA) CEMENT OR CONCRETE OR TILED 31 OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 ROOF (HV215) reports the main material of the roof of the dwelling. Response categories vary widely across surveys but fall into broad groups (i.e., natural materials, rudimentary processed materials, and finished materials). See Comparability. 126 Mud and hay 118 Sticks/sticks with mud or dung 333 Reinforced brick cement 996 Non-resident 000 No roof 100 NATURAL 110 Thatch/palm leaf/grass/makuti 111 Thatch/palm leaf 112 Grass, thatch 113 Grass, thatch, makuti 114 Thatch 115 Thatch/mat/leaves 116 Leaves 117 Grass/leaves/mud 120 Earth 121 Mud 122 Dung, mud 123 Earth, mud 124 Sod 125 Sod/mud and grass mixture 130 Straw 200 RUDIMENTARY 210 Rustic mat 211 Rustic mat, plastic sheets 220 Plastic/polythene sheet 230 Palm/bamboo 231 Palm, bamboo, grass 232 Reed, bamboo 240 Wood planks 241 Wooden tiles, planks 242 Wood, mulch 250 Cardboard 260 Rudimentary - metal 261 Tin cans 262 Iron sheets 270 Other rudimentary 271 Mobile roofs of nomads 272 Skin 300 FINISHED 310 Metal 311 Metal, zinc 312 Corrugated metal sheet, asbestos 313 Corrugated iron 314 Tin 315 Asbetos 320 Wood 330 Cement/concrete 331 Cement 332 Concrete 340 Tiles 341 Ceramic tiles 342 Iron and tiles 343 Tiles/slate 344 Mud tiles 345 Ceramic tiles, harvey (steel) tiles 350 Cement fiber 351 Calamine/cement fiber 352 Asbestos, cement fiber 353 Zinc/cement fiber 360 Roofing shingles 370 Bricks 371 Unburnt bricks 372 Burnt brick 380 Stone 381 Loosely packed stone 382 Stone slabs 383 Slate 400 OTHER 998 Missing 273 Waste materials 999 NIU (not in universe) Housing Variables -- TOPICS Dwelling has electricity (from hh record) 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 ELECTRCHH (HV206) indicates whether the household has electricity. Samples vary in how that information was collected. The information in ELECTRCHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Housing Variables -- TOPICS Type of toilet facility 20. What kind of toilet facility does your household have? SEPTIC TANK OR MODERN TOILET 11 PIT TOILET OR LATRINE WATER SEALED OR SLAB LATRINE 21 PIT LATRINE 22 OPEN LATRINE 23 HANGING LATRINE 24 NO FACILITY OR BUSH OR FIELD 31 (GO TO 22) OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 TOILETTYPE (HV205) reports the household's type of toilet facility, with no facility coded "0." Responses vary widely across surveys; see Comparability. The information in TOILETTYPE is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 3431 Pit latrine with ventilation pipe, no mesh 9996 Non-resident 0000 NO FACILITY 1000 FLUSH TOILET 1100 Unspecified type of flush toilet 1110 Own flush toilet (unspecified type) 1120 Shared flush toilet (unspecified type) 1200 Modern flush toilet 1210 Flush to piped sewer system 1300 Traditional with tank flush 1400 Bucket flush toilet 1410 Flush to pit latrine 1420 Flush to somewhere else 1430 Flush, don't know where 2000 NON-FLUSHING TOILET 2100 Composting toilet 2200 Dry toilet 2300 Ecosan toilet 3000 PIT TOILET LATRINE 3100 Unspecified type of pit latrine 3110 Own pit toilet or latrine (unspecified type) 3120 Shared pit toiletor latrine (unspecified type) 3121 Public pit toilet or latrine (unspecified type) 3200 Traditional pit toilet or latrine 3210 Pit latrine without slab or open pit 3300 Pit latrine with slab 3400 Ventilated improved pit latrine 3410 Covered pit latrine, no slab 3420 Covered pit latrine with slab 3430 Covered latrine 3440 Septic pit 4000 UNIMPROVED TOILET 4100 Bucket toilet 4200 River 4300 Hanging latrine over water source 5000 OTHER 9998 Missing 1112 Private flush toilet, outside residence 1211 Flush to piped sewer system, indoors 1212 Flush to piped sewer system, inside yard 1213 Flush to piped sewer system, out of yard 3310 Pit latrine with washable slab 3320 Pit latrine with non-washable slab 3490 Other improved system 3463 Latrine to piped public system, out of yard 3462 Latrine to piped public system, inside yard 3461 Latrine to piped public system, indoors 3443 Latrine to septic tank, out of yard 3442 Latrine to septic tank, inside yard 3441 Latrine to septic tank, indoors 3212 Open pit latrine, out of yard 3211 Open pit latrine, inside yard 1253 Flush to septic tank, out of yard 1252 Flush to septic tank, inside yard 1251 Flush to septic tank, indoors 1250 Flush to septic tank 1240 Flush, not to sewer 1233 Flush to ground water, out of yard 1232 Flush to ground water, inside yard 1231 Flush to ground water, indoors 3450 Latrine with manual flush 3460 Latrine to piped public system 9999 NIU (not in universe) 1230 Flush to pipe connected to ground water 1220 Flush to pipe connected to canal 1132 Public flush toilet, outside residence 1131 Public flush toilet, inside residence 1130 Public flush toilet (unspecified type) 1111 Private flush toilet, inside residence Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Major source of non-drinking water 18. What is the main source of water your household uses for dishwashing? PIPED WATER PIPED INSIDE DWELLING 11 PIPED OUTSIDE DWELLING 12 WELL WATER TUBE WELL OR DEEP TUBE WELL 21 SURFACE WELL OR OTHER WELL 22 SURFACE WATER POND OR TANK OR LAKE 31 RIVER OR STREAM 32 RAINWATER 41 OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 NDRINKWTR (HV202) reports the household's main source of water for uses other than drinking (for example, cooking and washing). Responses vary widely across surveys; see Comparability. The information in NDRINKWTR is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 9996 Non-resident 1000 PIPED WATER 1100 Piped into own dwelling/yard/plot 1110 Piped into own dwelling 1120 Piped into own yard/plot 1200 Piped outside own residence/plot 1210 Public tap/standpipe 1220 Piped into neighbor's dwelling/yard 2000 WELL WATER 2100 Unprotected/open well 2110 Open well in own dwelling/yard/plot 2111 Open well in own dwelling 2112 Open well in own yard/plot 2120 Open public well 2130 Open well in neighbor's residence 2200 Protected well 2210 Protected well in own dwelling/yard/plot 2211 Protected well in own dwelling 2212 Protected well in own yard/plot 2220 Protected public well 2230 Tube well or borehole 2231 Borehole in yard/plot 2232 Public borehole 2300 Unspecified well 2310 Unspecified well in residence/yard/plot 2311 Unspecified well in own dwelling 2312 Unspecified well in own yard/plot 2313 Handpump in yard/plot 2320 Unspecified public well 2321 Public shallow well 2322 Public traditional well 2323 Public handpump 2330 Unspecified neighbor's well 2340 Unspecified well by type 2341 Well with pump 2342 Well without pump 3000 SURFACE WATER 3100 Spring 3110 Protected spring 3120 Unprotected spring 3200 River/dam/lake/ponds/streams/canal/irrigation channel 3210 River, stream 3220 Pond, lake 3230 Dam 3240 Canal or river/canal 3250 Irrigation ditch 3260 Dugout pond 3300 Channeled by gravity flow scheme 4000 RAINWATER 4100 Rainwater collected in tank 5000 PURCHASED FROM SUPPLIER 5100 Tanker truck 5200 Cart with small tank 5300 Water vendor 5400 Bottled water 5410 Sachet water (in a bag) 6000 OTHER SOURCE 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) 5201 Motorcycle with 3 wheels Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Major source of drinking water 19. What is the main source of drinking water for members of your household? PIPED WATER PIPED INSIDE DWELLING 11 PIPED OUTSIDE DWELLING 12 WELL WATER TUBE WELL OR DEEP TUBE WELL 21 SURFACE WELL OR OTHER WELL 22 SURFACE WATER POND OR TANK OR LAKE 31 RIVER OR STREAM 32 RAINWATER 41 OTHER (SPECIFY) 96 DRINKWTR (HV201) reports the household's main source of drinking water. Responses vary widely across surveys; see Comparability. The information in DRINKWTR is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 2213 Protected well in neighbor's residence/plot 9996 Non-resident 1000 PIPED WATER 1100 Piped into own dwelling/yard/plot 1110 Piped into own dwelling 1120 Piped into own yard/plot 1200 Piped outside own residence/plot 1210 Public tap/standpipe 1220 Piped into neighbor's dwelling/yard 2000 WELL WATER 2100 Unprotected/open well 2110 Open well in own dwelling/yard/plot 2111 Open well in own dwelling 2112 Open well in own yard/plot 2120 Open public well 2130 Open well in neighbor's residence 2200 Protected well 2210 Protected well in own dwelling/yard/plot 2211 Protected well in own dwelling 2212 Protected well in own yard/plot 2220 Protected public well 2230 Tube well or borehole 2231 Borehole in yard/plot 2232 Public borehole 2300 Unspecified well 2310 Unspecified well in residence/yard/plot 2311 Unspecified well in own dwelling 2312 Unspecified well in own yard/plot 2313 Handpump in yard/plot 2320 Unspecified public well 2321 Public shallow well 2322 Public traditional well 2323 Public handpump 2330 Unspecified neighbor's well 2340 Unspecified well by type 2341 Well with pump 2342 Well without pump 3000 SURFACE WATER 3100 Spring 3110 Protected spring/surface water 3120 Unprotected spring/surface water 3200 River/dam/lake/ponds/streams/canal/irrigation channel 3210 River, stream 3220 Pond, lake 3230 Dam 3240 Canal or river/canal 3250 Irrigation ditch 3260 Dugout pond 3300 Channeled by gravity flow scheme 4000 RAINWATER 4100 Rainwater collected in tank 5000 PURCHASED FROM SUPPLIER 5100 Tanker truck 5200 Cart with small tank 5300 Water vendor 5400 Bottled water 5410 Sachet water (in a bag) 6000 OTHER SOURCE 9998 Missing 1211 Public tap from filtration plant 1212 Public tap from stone pipes 5310 Water vendor from unknown source 5320 Water vendor from protected well 5330 Water vendor from unprotected well 5340 Water vendor from pond/lake 9999 NIU (not in universe) 5500 Community reverse osmosis plant 5201 Motorcycle with 3 wheels Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS HH treats water by: Boiling 19A. Do you boil drinking water? YES 1 NO 2 TRBOIL(HV237A) indicates whether the household boiled water to make it safer to drink. The information in TRBOIL is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 12 Yes, some of the time 11 Yes, most of the time 00 No 96 Non-resident 10 Yes 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS House has telephone (household record) 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 HHPHONEHH (HV221) indicates whether any member of the household has a telephone (based on information from the household record). The information in HHPHONEHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has bicycle (from HH record) 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 BIKEHH (HV210) indicates whether any member of the household has a bicycle. The information in BIKEHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has motorcycle/scooter (from HH record) 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 MOTORCYCLHH (HV211) indicates whether any member of the household owns a motorcycle or scooter. The information in MOTORCYCLHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH owns homestead 27. Does your household own any homestead? IF 'NO', PROBE: Does your household own homestead any other places? YES 1 NO 2 HOMESTEAD indicates whether the household owns any homestead, either where members currently reside or in some other place. The term "homestead" generally refers to a house (most often a farmhouse), outbuildings, and the land on which these buildings are located. The information in HOMESTEAD is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH owns land (other than homestead) 27A. Does your household own any land (other than the homestead land)? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 29) NONHOMESTEAD indicates whether the household owns any land other than their homestead (i.e., other than the land where the family's house and outbuildings are located). The complementary variable HOMESTEAD indicates whether the household owns its homestead land. The information in NONHOMESTEAD is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has radio (from HH record) 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 RADIOHH (HV207) indicates whether any member of the household owns a radio. Some samples specified that the radio must be working or fit other specifications. See Comparability. The information in RADIOHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has television (from HH record) 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 TVHH (HV208) indicates whether any member of the household has a television. Some samples specified that the TV must be in working order. See Comparability. The information in TVHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has sewing machine 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 SEWMACHINE indicates whether the household had a sewing machine. 6 Non-resident 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has watch or clock 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 WATCHCLOCK indicates whether the household has access to a timepiece, either a watch or a clock. The related variable CLOCKONLY indicates whether the household has a clock. See Comparability. The information in WATCHCLOCK is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 6 Non-resident 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has bed 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 BED indicates whether the household had a bed. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has table and chairs 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 TABLECHARYN indicates whether the household has a table and chairs. The information in TABLECHARYN is taken from the household record, linked to the record of the woman respondent. This information applies to household residents, not temporary visitors, so researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2"). 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has bench 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 BENCHYN indicates whether the household has a bench. The information in BENCHYN is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has wardrobe or bookcase 22. Does your household (or any member of your household) have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 Almirah (wardrobe)? YES 1 NO 2 A table or chair? YES 1 NO 2 A bench? YES 1 NO 2 A watch or clock? YES 1 NO 2 A cot or bed? YES 1 NO 2 A radio that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A television that is working? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle? YES 1 NO 2 A sewing machine? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 WARDBOOKYN indicates whether the household has wardrobe or bookcase. The information in WARDBOOKYN is taken from the household record, linked to the record of the woman respondent. This information applies to household residents, not temporary visitors, so researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2"). 6 Non-resident 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has vulnerable group feeding card 30. Does your family have a vulnerable group feeding (VGF) card? YES 1 NO 2 HHVGFCARD indicates whether the household has a "vulnerable group feeding (VGF) card." The vulnerable group feeding cards were meant to be distributed to very poor people by the Bangladesh government, beginning in 1975. According to the International Labor Organization's description of the program: Programme provides in-kind wheat transfer to enable destitute rural women to improve their economic and social condition. A complementary package of development services was introduced in 1988, including health and nutrition education, literacy training, savings. Possession of a VGF card is not a certain marker of destitution, since an estimated 15 percent of the grain allotted was misallocated by local committees to better-off households for resale. The information in HHVGFCARD is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing Material hardship Variables -- TOPICS HH has income from social welfare source 31. Do you have any male or female member in this household who are receiving old age pension or widow or destitute benefit? YES 1 NO 2 HHWELFAREY indicates whether any member of the household has income from some type of social welfare program or pension. The information in HHWELFAREY is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing Material hardship Variables -- TOPICS HH consumption deficit or surplus 29. In terms of household food consumption, how do you classify your household: deficit in whole year; somewhat deficit; neither deficit nor surplus; surplus. DEFICIT IN WHOLE YEAR 1 SOMETIMES DEFICIT 2 NEITHER DEFICIT NOT SURPLUS 3 SURPLUS 4 CONSUMDEFICITFQ reports whether the household's (food) consumption could be best characterized as surplus, neither surplus nor deficit, occasional deficit, or always in deficit. The information in CONSUMDEFICITFQ is taken from the household record and applies to household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors (coded "2") using: RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis; HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis; RESIDENTMN variable when men are the unit of analysis. 10 Surplus 20 Neither deficit nor surplus 30 Deficit 31 Occasional/sometimes deficit 32 Always deficit 96 Non-resident 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Food insufficiency Variables -- TOPICS Currently working EMPLOYMENT IF AGE 5 YEARS OR OLDER 14. Is (NAME) currently working? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO NEXT LINE) HHCURRWORK indicates whether the household member is currently working. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, working for money 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Type of payment for current work 15. Does (NAME) receive wages or income in cash or kind? CASH 1 KIND 2 BOTH 3 NONE 4 HHCURRWORKPAY reports how a currently working household member is paid: in cash, in kind, both in cash and in kind, or not at all. That only a small fraction of responses refer to no payment suggests that many respondents failed to include unpaid work in a family farm or business when answering questions about employment. 1 Cash 2 In-kind 3 Both cash and in-kind 4 None 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 5 Not cash, no other detail given Work Variables -- TOPICS Household wealth index in quintiles, from HH form WEALTHQHH (HV270) refers to the relative wealth of the household, divided into quintiles from the poorest (code 1) to the richest (code 5). The wealth index is defined in the DHS Recode Manuals as follows: The wealth index is a composite measure of a household's cumulative living standard. The wealth index is calculated using easy-to-use data on a household's ownership of selected assets, such as televisions and bicycles; materials used for housing construction; and types of water access and sanitation facilities. Generated with a statistical procedure known as principal components analysis, the wealth index places individual households on a continuous scale of relative wealth. DHS separates all interviewed households into five quintiles of wealth. For additional information about the calculation and meaning of the wealth index, users should consult the summary information about the wealth index on The DHS Program website here [URL omitted from DDI.] and/or the DHS Comparative Report on "The DHS Wealth Index" here [URL omitted from DDI.]. The variables used to calculate wealth index quintiles and the level of wealth implied by a specific ranking are sample-specific. See Comparability. 1 Poorest 2 Poorer 3 Middle 4 Richer 5 Richest 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing Wealth index Variables -- TOPICS Wealth index factor score (5 decimals) WEALTHSHH (HV271) refers to the household's wealth index value generated by the product of standardized scores (z-scores) and factor coefficient scores (factor loadings) of wealth indicators. Most researchers will want to use instead the complementary variable WEALTHQHH (HV270), which reports quintile ranking (from poorest to richest) of the household, in terms of wealth score, for a given sample. For additional information about the calculation and meaning of the wealth index, users should consult the summary information available on the DHS Program website, including The DHS Program - Research Topics - Wealth Index [URL omitted from DDI.] and The DHS Wealth Index [URL omitted from DDI.], a DHS Comparative Report. The variables used to calculate wealth index scores are sample-specific. See Comparability. WEALTHSHH (HV271) is an 8-digit numeric variable with 5 implied decimal places. 99999998 = Missing 99999999 = NIU (not in universe) Wealth index Variables -- TOPICS Highest education level attained 12. What is the highest level of school (NAME) has attended? What is the highest class (NAME) has completed at that level? LEVEL 1 PRIMARY 2 SECONDARY 3 COLLEGE OR UNIVERSITY 8 DON'T KNOW CLASS 00 LESS THAN 1 YEAR COMPLETED 98 DON'T KNOW EDLEVEL (HV106) reports the highest level of school the household member attended. Countries vary in the gradations of their school systems, but EDUCLVL is a standardized variable reporting level of education in four broad categories: No education, Primary, Secondary, and Higher. Any household member below the lower age limit (usually 6 years) for the education questions is classified in the "No education" category. 0 No education/primary 1 Primary 2 Secondary 3 Higher 4 Other 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Highest year of education completed in level 12. What is the highest level of school (NAME) has attended? What is the highest class (NAME) has completed at that level? LEVEL 1 PRIMARY 2 SECONDARY 3 COLLEGE OR UNIVERSITY 8 DON'T KNOW CLASS 00 LESS THAN 1 YEAR COMPLETED 98 DON'T KNOW EDLEVYR (HV107) reports the number of years of schooling completed by the household member at the educational level (primary, secondary, or higher) reported in EDLEVEL (HV106). See Comparability for more information on how to correctly interpret values in EDLEVYR. For the household member's total years of education, see EDYEARS (HV108). 00 Less than 1 year 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 90 Other 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Education in completed years 12. What is the highest level of school (NAME) has attended? What is the highest class (NAME) has completed at that level? LEVEL 1 PRIMARY 2 SECONDARY 3 COLLEGE OR UNIVERSITY 8 DON'T KNOW CLASS 00 LESS THAN 1 YEAR COMPLETED 98 DON'T KNOW EDYEARS (HV108) reports the household member's education in single completed years. This variable is constructed from responses to EDLEVEL (HV106) and EDLEVYR (HV107), as follows: If EDLEVEL = "No education," EDYEARS = "0" If EDLEVEL = "Primary," EDYEARS = EDLEVYR If EDLEVEL = "Secondary," EDYEARS = EDLEVYR + x If EDLEVEL = "Higher," EDYEARS = EDLEVYR + y If EDLEVEL = "Missing," EDYEARS = "Missing" In the above equations, "x" equals the number of years needed to complete primary education, and "y" equals the number of years needed to complete primary and secondary education. The values of "x" and "y" are country-specific. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 90 Other 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Educational attainment 12. What is the highest level of school (NAME) has attended? What is the highest class (NAME) has completed at that level? LEVEL 1 PRIMARY 2 SECONDARY 3 COLLEGE OR UNIVERSITY 8 DON'T KNOW CLASS 00 LESS THAN 1 YEAR COMPLETED 98 DON'T KNOW EDSUMM (HV109) is a summary variable that reports the household member's highest level of education in broad categories. Countries vary in the gradations of their school systems, but EDSUMM is a standardized variable providing the level of education in six categories: No education, Incomplete primary, Complete primary, Incomplete secondary, Complete secondary, and Higher. EDSUMM is constructed from information contained in EDLEVEL (HV106) and EDLEVYR (HV107). 0 No education 1 Incomplete primary 2 Complete primary 3 Incomplete secondary 4 Complete secondary 5 Higher 6 Other 7 Don't know 8 Missing Education Variables -- TOPICS Member still in school IF AGED LESS THAN 25 YEARS 13. Is (NAME) currently attending school? YES 1 NO 2 EDINSCHOOL (HV110) indicates whether the household member is still in school. All members whose age is equal to or greater than the upper limit (usually age 25) for this question or who have never attended school are coded "0" for ("No," or not in school). 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Soil type SOIL reports the predominant soil type within a 5-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The soil attributes reported in SOIL are: soil class (e.g., Leptosols), with 30 class categories, and soil type within that class (e.g., Lithic Leptosols). SOIL is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. SOIL is based on data from SoilGrids [URL omitted from DDI.]. SoilGrids is a system for automated soil mapping based on global soil profile and covariate data. There are 118 different soil types in the world according to SoilGrids [URL omitted from DDI.]. For the full list of codes and their meaning, see the soil legend [URL omitted from DDI.]. SOIL, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -998 Missing 0001 Haplic Acrisols 0002 Haplic Acrisols (Alumic) 0003 Haplic Acrisols (Ferric) 0004 Haplic Acrisols (Humic) 0005 Plinthic Acrisols 0006 Vetic Acrisols 0007 Haplic Albeluvisols 0008 Histic Albeluvisols 0009 Umbric Albeluvisols 0010 Cutanic Alisols 0011 Haplic Alisols 0012 Aluandic Andosols 0013 Haplic Andosols 0014 Vitric Andosols 0015 Albic Arenosols 0016 Ferralic Arenosols 0017 Haplic Arenosols 0018 Haplic Arenosols (Calcaric) 0019 Hypoluvic Arenosols 0020 Protic Arenosols 0021 Haplic Calcisols 0022 Haplic Calcisols (Sodic) 0023 Luvic Calcisols 0024 Petric Calcisols 0025 Endogleyic Cambisols 0026 Ferralic Cambisols 0027 Haplic Cambisols 0028 Haplic Cambisols (Calcaric) 0029 Haplic Cambisols (Chromic) 0030 Haplic Cambisols (Dystric) 0031 Haplic Cambisols (Eutric) 0032 Haplic Cambisols (Humic) 0033 Haplic Cambisols (Sodic) 0034 Leptic Cambisols 0035 Vertic Cambisols 0036 Calcic Chernozems 0037 Haplic Chernozems 0038 Luvic Chernozems 0039 Haplic Cryosols 0040 Turbic Cryosols 0041 Vitric Cryosols 0042 Petric Durisols 0043 Acric Ferralsols 0044 Haplic Ferralsols 0045 Haplic Ferralsols (Rhodic) 0046 Haplic Ferralsols (Xanthic) 0047 Umbric Ferralsols 0048 Haplic Fluvisols 0049 Haplic Fluvisols (Arenic) 0050 Haplic Fluvisols (Calcaric) 0051 Haplic Fluvisols (Dystric) 0052 Haplic Fluvisols (Eutric) 0053 Calcic Gleysols 0054 Haplic Gleysols 0055 Haplic Gleysols (Dystric) 0056 Haplic Gleysols (Eutric) 0057 Mollic Gleysols 0058 Umbric Gleysols 0059 Calcic Gypsisols 0060 Haplic Gypsisols 0061 Calcic Histosols 0062 Cryic Histosols 0063 Fibric Histosols 0064 Hemic Histosols 0065 Sapric Histosols 0066 Calcic Kastanozems 0067 Haplic Kastanozems 0068 Haplic Leptosols 0069 Haplic Leptosols (Eutric) 0070 Lithic Leptosols 0071 Mollic Leptosols 0072 Rendzic Leptosols 0073 Haplic Lixisols 0074 Haplic Lixisols (Chromic) 0075 Haplic Lixisols (Ferric) 0076 Albic Luvisols 0077 Calcic Luvisols 0078 Gleyic Luvisols 0079 Haplic Luvisols 0080 Haplic Luvisols (Chromic) 0081 Haplic Luvisols (Ferric) 0082 Leptic Luvisols 0083 Stagnic Luvisols 0084 Vertic Luvisols 0085 Alic Nitisols 0086 Haplic Nitisols (Rhodic) 0087 Haplic Phaeozems 0088 Leptic Phaeozems 0089 Luvic Phaeozems 0090 Endogleyic Planosols 0091 Haplic Planosols (Dystric) 0092 Haplic Planosols (Eutric) 0093 Luvic Planosols 0094 Solodic Planosols 0095 Acric Plinthosols 0096 Lixic Plinthosols 0097 Gleyic Podzols 0098 Haplic Podzols 0099 Aric Regosols 0100 Calcaric Regosols 0101 Haplic Regosols (Dystric) 0102 Haplic Regosols (Eutric) 0103 Haplic Regosols (Sodic) 0104 Leptic Regosols 0105 Gypsic Solonchaks 0106 Haplic Solonchaks 0107 Haplic Solonchaks (Sodic) 0108 Calcic Solonetz 0109 Gleyic Solonetz 0110 Haplic Solonetz 0111 Mollic Solonetz 0112 Luvic Stagnosols 0113 Haplic Umbrisols 0114 Leptic Umbrisols 0115 Calcic Vertisols 0116 Haplic Vertisols 0117 Haplic Vertisols (Eutric) 0118 Mollic Vertisols Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Ecoregion of household ECOREGION reports the predominant terrestrial ecoregion within a 5-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. ECOREGION reports the biogeographic region (e.g., Afrotropic), the habitat type (e.g., tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands), and the ecoregion (e.g., East Sudanian savanna) that are associated with each cluster location. ECOREGION is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. There are 825 terrestrial ecoregions in the world. Ecoregions are relatively large units of land containing distinct assemblages of natural communities and species, with boundaries that approximate the original extent of natural communities prior to major land-use change. The 5-digit codes in ECOREGION (e.g., 30129) include a 1-digit realm code (with 8 possible values), followed by a 2-digit biome code (with 14 possible values), and then a 2-digit ecoregion number. For the full list of codes and their meaning, see the ecoregion legend [URL omitted from DDI.]. ECOREGION, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -0998 Missing 10101 Admiralty Islands lowland rain forests 10102 Banda Sea Islands moist deciduous forests 10103 Biak-Numfoor rain forests 10104 Buru rain forests 10105 Central Range montane rain forests 10106 Halmahera rain forests 10107 Huon Peninsula montane rain forests 10108 Yapen rain forests 10109 Lord Howe Island subtropical forests 10110 Louisiade Archipelago rain forests 10111 New Britain-New Ireland lowland rain forests 10112 New Britain-New Ireland montane rain forests 10113 New Caledonia rain forests 10114 Norfolk Island subtropical forests 10115 Northern New Guinea lowland rain and freshwater swamp forests 10116 Northern New Guinea montane rain forests 10117 Queensland tropical rain forests 10118 Seram rain forests 10119 Solomon Islands rain forests 10120 Southeastern Papuan rain forests 10121 Southern New Guinea freshwater swamp forests 10122 Southern New Guinea lowland rain forests 10123 Sulawesi lowland rain forests 10124 Sulawesi montane rain forests 10125 Trobriand Islands rain forests 10126 Vanuatu rain forests 10127 Vogelkop montane rain forests 10128 Vogelkop-Aru lowland rain forests 10201 Lesser Sundas deciduous forests 10202 New Caledonia dry forests 10203 Sumba deciduous forests 10204 Timor and Wetar deciduous forests 10401 Chatham Island temperate forests 10402 Eastern Australian temperate forests 10403 Fiordland temperate forests 10404 Nelson Coast temperate forests 10405 North Island temperate forests 10406 Northland temperate kauri forests 10407 Rakiura Island temperate forests 10408 Richmond temperate forests 10409 Southeast Australia temperate forests 10410 South Island temperate forests 10411 Tasmanian Central Highland forests 10412 Tasmanian temperate forests 10413 Tasmanian temperate rain forests 10414 Westland temperate forests 10701 Arnhem Land tropical savanna 10702 Brigalow tropical savanna 10703 Cape York Peninsula tropical savanna 10704 Carpentaria tropical savanna 10705 Einasleigh upland savanna 10706 Kimberly tropical savanna 10707 Mitchell grass downs 10708 Trans Fly savanna and grasslands 10709 Victoria Plains tropical savanna 10801 Cantebury-Otago tussock grasslands 10802 Eastern Australia mulga shrublands 10803 Southeast Australia temperate savanna 11001 Australian Alps montane grasslands 11002 Central Range sub-alpine grasslands 11003 South Island montane grasslands 11101 Antipodes Subantarctic Islands tundra 11201 Coolgardie woodlands 11202 Esperance mallee 11203 Eyre and York mallee 11204 Jarrah-Karri forest and shrublands 11205 Swan Coastal Plain Scrub and Woodlands 11206 Mount Lofty woodlands 11207 Murray-Darling woodlands and mallee 11208 Naracoorte woodlands 11209 Southwest Australia savanna 11210 Southwest Australia woodlands 11301 Carnarvon xeric shrublands 11302 Central Ranges xeric scrub 11303 Gibson desert 11304 Great Sandy-Tanami desert 11305 Great Victoria desert 11306 Nullarbor Plains xeric shrublands 11307 Pilbara shrublands 11308 Simpson desert 11309 Tirari-Sturt stony desert 11310 Western Australian Mulga shrublands 11401 New Guinea mangroves 21101 Marielandia Antarctic tundra 21102 Maudlandia Antarctic desert 21103 Scotia Sea Islands tundra 21104 Southern Indian Ocean Islands tundra 30101 Albertine Rift montane forests 30102 Atlantic Equatorial coastal forests 30103 Cameroonian Highlands forests 30104 Central Congolian lowland forests 30105 Comoros forests 30106 Cross-Niger transition forests 30107 Cross-Sanaga-Bioko coastal forests 30108 East African montane forests 30109 Eastern Arc forests 30110 Eastern Congolian swamp forests 30111 Eastern Guinean forests 30112 Ethiopian montane forests 30113 Granitic Seychelles forests 30114 Guinean montane forests 30115 Knysna-Amatole montane forests 30116 KwaZulu-Cape coastal forest mosaic 30117 Madagascar lowland forests 30118 Madagascar subhumid forests 30119 Maputaland coastal forest mosaic 30120 Mascarene forests 30121 Mount Cameroon and Bioko montane forests 30122 Niger Delta swamp forests 30123 Nigerian lowland forests 30124 Northeastern Congolian lowland forests 30125 Northern Zanzibar-Inhambane coastal forest mosaic 30126 Northwestern Congolian lowland forests 30127 Sao Tome, Principe and Annobon moist lowland forests 30128 Southern Zanzibar-Inhambane coastal forest mosaic 30129 Western Congolian swamp forests 30130 Western Guinean lowland forests 30201 Cape Verde Islands dry forests 30202 Madagascar dry deciduous forests 30203 Zambezian Cryptosepalum dry forests 30701 Angolan Miombo woodlands 30702 Angolan Mopane woodlands 30703 Ascension scrub and grasslands 30704 Central Zambezian Miombo woodlands 30705 East Sudanian savanna 30706 Eastern Miombo woodlands 30707 Guinean forest-savanna mosaic 30708 Itigi-Sumbu thicket 30709 Kalahari Acacia-Baikiaea woodlands 30710 Mandara Plateau mosaic 30711 Northern Acacia-Commiphora bushlands and thickets 30712 Northern Congolian forest-savanna mosaic 30713 Sahelian Acacia savanna 30714 Serengeti volcanic grasslands 30715 Somali Acacia-Commiphora bushlands and thickets 30716 Southern Acacia-Commiphora bushlands and thickets 30717 Southern Africa bushveld 30718 Southern Congolian forest-savanna mosaic 30719 Southern Miombo woodlands 30720 St. Helena scrub and woodlands 30721 Victoria Basin forest-savanna mosaic 30722 West Sudanian savanna 30723 Western Congolian forest-savanna mosaic 30724 Western Zambezian grasslands 30725 Zambezian and Mopane woodlands 30726 Zambezian Baikiaea woodlands 30801 Al Hajar montane woodlands 30802 Amsterdam and Saint-Paul Islands temperate grasslands 30803 Tristan Da Cunha-Gough Islands shrub and grasslands 30901 East African halophytics 30902 Etosha Pan halophytics 30903 Inner Niger Delta flooded savanna 30904 Lake Chad flooded savanna 30905 Saharan flooded grasslands 30906 Zambezian coastal flooded savanna 30907 Zambezian flooded grasslands 30908 Zambezian halophytics 31001 Angolan montane forest-grassland mosaic 31002 Angolan scarp savanna and woodlands 31003 Drakensberg alti-montane grasslands and woodlands 31004 Drakensberg montane grasslands, woodlands and forests 31005 East African montane moorlands 31006 Eastern Zimbabwe montane forest-grassland mosaic 31007 Ethiopian montane grasslands and woodlands 31008 Ethiopian montane moorlands 31009 Highveld grasslands 31010 Jos Plateau forest-grassland mosaic 31011 Madagascar ericoid thickets 31012 Maputaland-Pondoland bushland and thickets 31013 Rwenzori-Virunga montane moorlands 31014 South Malawi montane forest-grassland mosaic 31015 Southern Rift montane forest-grassland mosaic 31201 Albany thickets 31202 Lowland fynbos and renosterveld 31203 Montane fynbos and renosterveld 31301 Aldabra Island xeric scrub 31302 Arabian Peninsula coastal fog desert 31303 East Saharan montane xeric woodlands 31304 Eritrean coastal desert 31305 Ethiopian xeric grasslands and shrublands 31306 Gulf of Oman desert and semi-desert 31307 Hobyo grasslands and shrublands 31308 Ile Europa and Bassas da India xeric scrub 31309 Kalahari xeric savanna 31310 Kaokoveld desert 31311 Madagascar spiny thickets 31312 Madagascar succulent woodlands 31313 Masai xeric grasslands and shrublands 31314 Nama Karoo 31315 Namib desert 31316 Namibian savanna woodlands 31318 Socotra Island xeric shrublands 31319 Somali montane xeric woodlands 31320 Southwestern Arabian foothills savanna 31321 Southwestern Arabian montane woodlands 31322 Succulent Karoo 31401 Central African mangroves 31402 East African mangroves 31403 Guinean mangroves 31404 Madagascar mangroves 31405 Southern Africa mangroves 40101 Andaman Islands rain forests 40102 Borneo lowland rain forests 40103 Borneo montane rain forests 40104 Borneo peat swamp forests 40105 Brahmaputra Valley semi-evergreen forests 40106 Cardamom Mountains rain forests 40107 Chao Phraya freshwater swamp forests 40108 Chao Phraya lowland moist deciduous forests 40109 Chin Hills-Arakan Yoma montane forests 40110 Christmas and Cocos Islands tropical forests 40111 Eastern highlands moist deciduous forests 40112 Eastern Java-Bali montane rain forests 40113 Eastern Java-Bali rain forests 40114 Greater Negros-Panay rain forests 40115 Himalayan subtropical broadleaf forests 40116 Irrawaddy freshwater swamp forests 40117 Irrawaddy moist deciduous forests 40118 Jian Nan subtropical evergreen forests 40119 Kayah-Karen montane rain forests 40120 Lower Gangetic Plains moist deciduous forests 40121 Luang Prabang montane rain forests 40122 Luzon montane rain forests 40123 Luzon rain forests 40124 Malabar Coast moist forests 40125 Maldives-Lakshadweep-Chagos Archipelago tropical moist forests 40126 Meghalaya subtropical forests 40127 Mentawai Islands rain forests 40128 Mindanao montane rain forests 40129 Mindanao-Eastern Visayas rain forests 40130 Mindoro rain forests 40131 Mizoram-Manipur-Kachin rain forests 40132 Myanmar coastal rain forests 40133 Nicobar Islands rain forests 40134 North Western Ghats moist deciduous forests 40135 North Western Ghats montane rain forests 40136 Northern Annamites rain forests 40137 Northern Indochina subtropical forests 40138 Northern Khorat Plateau moist deciduous forests 40139 Northern Thailand-Laos moist deciduous forests 40140 Northern Triangle subtropical forests 40141 Northern Vietnam lowland rain forests 40142 Orissa semi-evergreen forests 40143 Palawan rain forests 40144 Peninsular Malaysian montane rain forests 40145 Peninsular Malaysian peat swamp forests 40146 Peninsular Malaysian rain forests 40147 Red River freshwater swamp forests 40148 South China Sea Islands 40149 South China-Vietnam subtropical evergreen forests 40150 South Western Ghats moist deciduous forests 40151 South Western Ghats montane rain forests 40152 Southern Annamites montane rain forests 40153 Southwest Borneo freshwater swamp forests 40154 Sri Lanka lowland rain forests 40155 Sri Lanka montane rain forests 40156 Sulu Archipelago rain forests 40157 Sumatran freshwater swamp forests 40158 Sumatran lowland rain forests 40159 Sumatran montane rain forests 40160 Sumatran peat swamp forests 40161 Sundaland heath forests 40162 Sundarbans freshwater swamp forests 40163 Tenasserim-South Thailand semi-evergreen rain forests 40164 Tonle Sap freshwater swamp forests 40165 Tonle Sap-Mekong peat swamp forests 40166 Upper Gangetic Plains moist deciduous forests 40167 Western Java montane rain forests 40168 Western Java rain forests 40169 Hainan Island monsoon rain forests 40170 Nansei Islands subtropical evergreen forests 40171 South Taiwan monsoon rain forests 40172 Taiwan subtropical evergreen forests 40201 Central Deccan Plateau dry deciduous forests 40202 Central Indochina dry forests 40203 Chhota-Nagpur dry deciduous forests 40204 East Deccan dry-evergreen forests 40205 Irrawaddy dry forests 40206 Khathiar-Gir dry deciduous forests 40207 Narmada Valley dry deciduous forests 40208 Northern dry deciduous forests 40209 South Deccan Plateau dry deciduous forests 40210 Southeastern Indochina dry evergreen forests 40211 Southern Vietnam lowland dry forests 40212 Sri Lanka dry-zone dry evergreen forests 40301 Himalayan subtropical pine forests 40302 Luzon tropical pine forests 40303 Northeast India-Myanmar pine forests 40304 Sumatran tropical pine forests 40401 Eastern Himalayan broadleaf forests 40402 Northern Triangle temperate forests 40403 Western Himalayan broadleaf forests 40501 Eastern Himalayan subalpine conifer forests 40502 Western Himalayan subalpine conifer forests 40701 Terai-Duar savanna and grasslands 40901 Rann of Kutch seasonal salt marsh 41001 Kinabalu montane alpine meadows 41301 Deccan thorn scrub forests 41302 Indus Valley desert 41303 Northwestern thorn scrub forests 41304 Thar desert 41401 Goadavari-Krishna mangroves 41402 Indochina mangroves 41403 Indus River Delta-Arabian Sea mangroves 41404 Myanmar Coast mangroves 41405 Sunda Shelf mangroves 41406 Sundarbans mangroves 50201 Sonoran-Sinaloan transition subtropical dry forest 50301 Bermuda subtropical conifer forests 50302 Sierra Madre Occidental pine-oak forests 50303 Sierra Madre Oriental pine-oak forests 50401 Allegheny Highlands forests 50402 Appalachian mixed mesophytic forests 50403 Appalachian-Blue Ridge forests 50404 Central U.S. hardwood forests 50405 East Central Texas forests 50406 Eastern forest-boreal transition 50407 Eastern Great Lakes lowland forests 50408 Gulf of St. Lawrence lowland forests 50409 Mississippi lowland forests 50410 New England-Acadian forests 50411 Northeastern coastal forests 50412 Ozark Mountain forests 50413 Southeastern mixed forests 50414 Southern Great Lakes forests 50415 Upper Midwest forest-savanna transition 50416 Western Great Lakes forests 50417 Willamette Valley forests 50501 Alberta Mountain forests 50502 Alberta-British Columbia foothills forests 50503 Arizona Mountains forests 50504 Atlantic coastal pine barrens 50505 Blue Mountains forests 50506 British Columbia mainland coastal forests 50507 Cascade Mountains leeward forests 50508 Central and Southern Cascades forests 50509 Central British Columbia Mountain forests 50510 Central Pacific coastal forests 50511 Colorado Rockies forests 50512 Eastern Cascades forests 50513 Florida sand pine scrub 50514 Fraser Plateau and Basin complex 50515 Great Basin montane forests 50516 Klamath-Siskiyou forests 50517 Middle Atlantic coastal forests 50518 North Central Rockies forests 50519 Northern California coastal forests 50520 Northern Pacific coastal forests 50521 Northern transitional alpine forests 50522 Okanagan dry forests 50523 Piney Woods forests 50524 Puget lowland forests 50525 Queen Charlotte Islands 50526 Sierra Juarez and San Pedro Martir pine-oak forests 50527 Sierra Nevada forests 50528 South Central Rockies forests 50529 Southeastern conifer forests 50530 Wasatch and Uinta montane forests 50601 Alaska Peninsula montane taiga 50602 Central Canadian Shield forests 50603 Cook Inlet taiga 50604 Copper Plateau taiga 50605 Eastern Canadian forests 50606 Eastern Canadian Shield taiga 50607 Interior Alaska-Yukon lowland taiga 50608 Mid-Continental Canadian forests 50609 Midwestern Canadian Shield forests 50610 Muskwa-Slave Lake forests 50611 Newfoundland Highland forests 50612 Northern Canadian Shield taiga 50613 Northern Cordillera forests 50614 Northwest Territories taiga 50615 South Avalon-Burin oceanic barrens 50616 Southern Hudson Bay taiga 50617 Yukon Interior dry forests 50701 Western Gulf coastal grasslands 50801 California Central Valley grasslands 50802 Canadian Aspen forests and parklands 50803 Central and Southern mixed grasslands 50804 Central forest-grasslands transition 50805 Central tall grasslands 50806 Edwards Plateau savanna 50807 Flint Hills tall grasslands 50808 Montana Valley and Foothill grasslands 50809 Nebraska Sand Hills mixed grasslands 50810 Northern mixed grasslands 50811 Northern short grasslands 50812 Northern tall grasslands 50813 Palouse grasslands 50814 Texas blackland prairies 50815 Western short grasslands 51101 Alaska-St. Elias Range tundra 51102 Aleutian Islands tundra 51103 Arctic coastal tundra 51104 Arctic foothills tundra 51105 Baffin coastal tundra 51106 Beringia lowland tundra 51107 Beringia upland tundra 51108 Brooks-British Range tundra 51109 Davis Highlands tundra 51110 High Arctic tundra 51111 Interior Yukon-Alaska alpine tundra 51112 Kalaallit Nunaat high arctic tundra 51113 Kalaallit Nunaat low arctic tundra 51114 Low Arctic tundra 51115 Middle Arctic tundra 51116 Ogilvie-MacKenzie alpine tundra 51117 Pacific Coastal Mountain icefields and tundra 51118 Torngat Mountain tundra 51201 California coastal sage and chaparral 51202 California interior chaparral and woodlands 51203 California montane chaparral and woodlands 51301 Baja California desert 51302 Central Mexican matorral 51303 Chihuahuan desert 51304 Colorado Plateau shrublands 51305 Great Basin shrub steppe 51306 Gulf of California xeric scrub 51307 Meseta Central matorral 51308 Mojave desert 51309 Snake-Columbia shrub steppe 51310 Sonoran desert 51311 Tamaulipan matorral 51312 Tamaulipan mezquital 51313 Wyoming Basin shrub steppe 60101 Araucaria moist forests 60102 Atlantic Coast restingas 60103 Bahia coastal forests 60104 Bahia interior forests 60105 Bolivian Yungas 60106 Caatinga Enclaves moist forests 60107 Caqueta moist forests 60108 Catatumbo moist forests 60109 Cauca Valley montane forests 60110 Cayos Miskitos-San Andrés and Providencia moist forests 60111 Central American Atlantic moist forests 60112 Central American montane forests 60113 Chiapas montane forests 60114 Chimalapas montane forests 60115 Chocó-Darién moist forests 60116 Cocos Island moist forests 60117 Cordillera La Costa montane forests 60118 Cordillera Oriental montane forests 60119 Costa Rican seasonal moist forests 60120 Cuban moist forests 60121 Eastern Cordillera real montane forests 60122 Eastern Panamanian montane forests 60123 Fernando de Noronha-Atol das Rocas moist forests 60124 Guianan Highlands moist forests 60125 Guianan moist forests 60126 Gurupa varzeá 60127 Hispaniolan moist forests 60128 Iquitos varzeá 60129 Isthmian-Atlantic moist forests 60130 Isthmian-Pacific moist forests 60131 Jamaican moist forests 60132 Japurá-Solimoes-Negro moist forests 60133 Juruá-Purus moist forests 60134 Leeward Islands moist forests 60135 Madeira-Tapajós moist forests 60136 Magdalena Valley montane forests 60137 Magdalena-Urabá moist forests 60138 Marajó varzeá 60139 Maranhão Babaçu forests 60140 Mato Grosso seasonal forests 60141 Monte Alegre varzeá 60142 Napo moist forests 60143 Negro-Branco moist forests 60144 Northeastern Brazil restingas 60145 Northwestern Andean montane forests 60146 Oaxacan montane forests 60147 Orinoco Delta swamp forests 60148 Pantanos de Centla 60149 Guianan freshwater swamp forests 60150 Alto Paraná Atlantic forests 60151 Pernambuco coastal forests 60152 Pernambuco interior forests 60153 Peruvian Yungas 60154 Petén-Veracruz moist forests 60155 Puerto Rican moist forests 60156 Purus varzeá 60157 Purus-Madeira moist forests 60158 Rio Negro campinarana 60159 Santa Marta montane forests 60160 Serra do Mar coastal forests 60161 Sierra de los Tuxtlas 60162 Sierra Madre de Chiapas moist forests 60163 Solimões-Japurá moist forests 60164 South Florida rocklands 60165 Southern Andean Yungas 60166 Southwest Amazon moist forests 60167 Talamancan montane forests 60168 Tapajós-Xingu moist forests 60169 Pantepui 60170 Tocantins/Pindare moist forests 60171 Trinidad and Tobago moist forests 60172 Trindade-Martin Vaz Islands tropical forests 60173 Uatuma-Trombetas moist forests 60174 Ucayali moist forests 60175 Venezuelan Andes montane forests 60176 Veracruz moist forests 60177 Veracruz montane forests 60178 Western Ecuador moist forests 60179 Windward Islands moist forests 60180 Xingu-Tocantins-Araguaia moist forests 60181 Yucatán moist forests 60182 Guianan piedmont and lowland moist forests 60201 Apure-Villavicencio dry forests 60202 Atlantic dry forests 60204 Bajío dry forests 60205 Balsas dry forests 60206 Bolivian montane dry forests 60207 Cauca Valley dry forests 60209 Central American dry forests 60210 Dry Chaco 60211 Chiapas Depression dry forests 60212 Chiquitano dry forests 60213 Cuban dry forests 60214 Ecuadorian dry forests 60215 Hispaniolan dry forests 60216 Islas Revillagigedo dry forests 60217 Jalisco dry forests 60218 Jamaican dry forests 60219 Lara-Falcón dry forests 60220 Lesser Antillean dry forests 60221 Magdalena Valley dry forests 60222 Maracaibo dry forests 60223 Marañón dry forests 60224 Panamanian dry forests 60225 Patía Valley dry forests 60226 Puerto Rican dry forests 60227 Sierra de la Laguna dry forests 60228 Sinaloan dry forests 60229 Sinú Valley dry forests 60230 Southern Pacific dry forests 60232 Tumbes-Piura dry forests 60233 Veracruz dry forests 60235 Yucatán dry forests 60301 Bahamian pine mosaic 60302 Belizian pine forests 60303 Central American pine-oak forests 60304 Cuban pine forests 60305 Hispaniolan pine forests 60306 Miskito pine forests 60307 Sierra de la Laguna pine-oak forests 60308 Sierra Madre de Oaxaca pine-oak forests 60309 Sierra Madre del Sur pine-oak forests 60310 Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt pine-oak forests 60401 Juan Fernández Islands temperate forests 60402 Magellanic subpolar forests 60403 San Félix-San Ambrosio Islands temperate forests 60404 Valdivian temperate forests 60702 Beni savanna 60703 Campos Rupestres montane savanna 60704 Cerrado 60705 Clipperton Island shrub and grasslands 60707 Guianan savanna 60708 Humid Chaco 60709 Llanos 60710 Uruguayan savanna 60801 Espinal 60802 Low Monte 60803 Humid Pampas 60805 Patagonian steppe 60902 Cuban wetlands 60903 Enriquillo wetlands 60904 Everglades 60905 Guayaquil flooded grasslands 60906 Orinoco wetlands 60907 Pantanal 60908 Paraná flooded savanna 60909 Southern Cone Mesopotamian savanna 61001 Central Andean dry puna 61002 Central Andean puna 61003 Central Andean wet puna 61004 Cordillera Central páramo 61005 Cordillera de Merida páramo 61006 Northern Andean páramo 61007 Santa Marta páramo 61008 Southern Andean steppe 61010 High Monte 61201 Chilean matorral 61301 Araya and Paria xeric scrub 61303 Atacama desert 61304 Caatinga 61305 Caribbean shrublands 61306 Cuban cactus scrub 61307 Galápagos Islands scrubland mosaic 61308 Guajira-Barranquilla xeric scrub 61309 La Costa xeric shrublands 61311 Malpelo Island xeric scrub 61312 Motagua Valley thornscrub 61313 Paraguana xeric scrub 61314 San Lucan xeric scrub 61315 Sechura desert 61316 Tehuacán Valley matorral 61318 St. Peter and St. Paul rocks 61401 Amazon-Orinoco-Southern Caribbean mangroves 61402 Bahamian-Antillean mangroves 61403 Mesoamerican Gulf-Caribbean mangroves 61404 Northern Mesoamerican Pacific mangroves 61405 South American Pacific mangroves 61406 Southern Atlantic mangroves 61407 Southern Mesoamerican Pacific mangroves 70101 Carolines tropical moist forests 70102 Central Polynesian tropical moist forests 70103 Cook Islands tropical moist forests 70104 Eastern Micronesia tropical moist forests 70105 Fiji tropical moist forests 70106 Hawaii tropical moist forests 70107 Kermadec Islands subtropical moist forests 70108 Marquesas tropical moist forests 70109 Ogasawara subtropical moist forests 70110 Palau tropical moist forests 70111 Rapa Nui subtropical broadleaf forests 70112 Samoan tropical moist forests 70113 Society Islands tropical moist forests 70114 Tongan tropical moist forests 70115 Tuamotu tropical moist forests 70116 Tubuai tropical moist forests 70117 Western Polynesian tropical moist forests 70201 Fiji tropical dry forests 70202 Hawaii tropical dry forests 70203 Marianas tropical dry forests 70204 Yap tropical dry forests 70701 Hawaii tropical high shrublands 70702 Hawaii tropical low shrublands 70703 Northwestern Hawaii scrub 80101 Guizhou Plateau broadleaf and mixed forests 80102 Yunnan Plateau subtropical evergreen forests 80401 Appenine deciduous montane forests 80402 Atlantic mixed forests 80403 Azores temperate mixed forests 80404 Balkan mixed forests 80405 Baltic mixed forests 80406 Cantabrian mixed forests 80407 Caspian Hyrcanian mixed forests 80408 Caucasus mixed forests 80409 Celtic broadleaf forests 80410 Central Anatolian steppe and woodlands 80411 Central China loess plateau mixed forests 80412 Central European mixed forests 80413 Central Korean deciduous forests 80414 Changbai Mountains mixed forests 80415 Changjiang Plain evergreen forests 80416 Crimean Submediterranean forest complex 80417 Daba Mountains evergreen forests 80418 Dinaric Mountains mixed forests 80419 East European forest steppe 80420 Eastern Anatolian deciduous forests 80421 English Lowlands beech forests 80422 Euxine-Colchic broadleaf forests 80423 Hokkaido deciduous forests 80424 Huang He Plain mixed forests 80425 Madeira evergreen forests 80426 Manchurian mixed forests 80427 Nihonkai evergreen forests 80428 Nihonkai montane deciduous forests 80429 North Atlantic moist mixed forests 80430 Northeast China Plain deciduous forests 80431 Pannonian mixed forests 80432 Po Basin mixed forests 80433 Pyrenees conifer and mixed forests 80434 Qin Ling Mountains deciduous forests 80435 Rodope montane mixed forests 80436 Sarmatic mixed forests 80437 Sichuan Basin evergreen broadleaf forests 80438 South Sakhalin-Kurile mixed forests 80439 Southern Korea evergreen forests 80440 Taiheiyo evergreen forests 80441 Taiheiyo montane deciduous forests 80442 Tarim Basin deciduous forests and steppe 80443 Ussuri broadleaf and mixed forests 80444 Western Siberian hemiboreal forests 80445 Western European broadleaf forests 80446 Zagros Mountains forest steppe 80501 Alps conifer and mixed forests 80502 Altai montane forest and forest steppe 80503 Caledon conifer forests 80504 Carpathian montane forests 80505 Da Hinggan-Dzhagdy Mountains conifer forests 80506 East Afghan montane conifer forests 80507 Elburz Range forest steppe 80508 Helanshan montane conifer forests 80509 Hengduan Mountains subalpine conifer forests 80510 Hokkaido montane conifer forests 80511 Honshu alpine conifer forests 80512 Khangai Mountains conifer forests 80513 Mediterranean conifer and mixed forests 80514 Northeastern Himalayan subalpine conifer forests 80515 Northern Anatolian conifer and deciduous forests 80516 Nujiang Langcang Gorge alpine conifer and mixed forests 80517 Qilian Mountains conifer forests 80518 Qionglai-Minshan conifer forests 80519 Sayan montane conifer forests 80520 Scandinavian coastal conifer forests 80521 Tian Shan montane conifer forests 80601 East Siberian taiga 80602 Iceland boreal birch forests and alpine tundra 80603 Kamchatka-Kurile meadows and sparse forests 80604 Kamchatka-Kurile taiga 80605 Northeast Siberian taiga 80606 Okhotsk-Manchurian taiga 80607 Sakhalin Island taiga 80608 Scandinavian and Russian taiga 80609 Trans-Baikal conifer forests 80610 Ural montane forests and tundra 80611 West Siberian taiga 80801 Alai-Western Tian Shan steppe 80802 Altai steppe and semi-desert 80803 Central Anatolian steppe 80804 Daurian forest steppe 80805 Eastern Anatolian montane steppe 80806 Emin Valley steppe 80807 Faroe Islands boreal grasslands 80808 Gissaro-Alai open woodlands 80809 Kazakh forest steppe 80810 Kazakh steppe 80811 Kazakh upland 80812 Middle East steppe 80813 Mongolian-Manchurian grassland 80814 Pontic steppe 80815 Sayan Intermontane steppe 80816 Selenge-Orkhon forest steppe 80817 South Siberian forest steppe 80818 Tian Shan foothill arid steppe 80901 Amur meadow steppe 80902 Bohai Sea saline meadow 80903 Nenjiang River grassland 80904 Nile Delta flooded savanna 80905 Saharan halophytics 80906 Tigris-Euphrates alluvial salt marsh 80907 Suiphun-Khanka meadows and forest meadows 80908 Yellow Sea saline meadow 81001 Altai alpine meadow and tundra 81002 Central Tibetan Plateau alpine steppe 81003 Eastern Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows 81004 Ghorat-Hazarajat alpine meadow 81005 Hindu Kush alpine meadow 81006 Karakoram-West Tibetan Plateau alpine steppe 81007 Khangai Mountains alpine meadow 81008 Kopet Dag woodlands and forest steppe 81009 Kuh Rud and Eastern Iran montane woodlands 81010 Mediterranean High Atlas juniper steppe 81011 North Tibetan Plateau-Kunlun Mountains alpine desert 81012 Northwestern Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows 81013 Ordos Plateau steppe 81014 Pamir alpine desert and tundra 81015 Qilian Mountains subalpine meadows 81016 Sayan Alpine meadows and tundra 81017 Southeast Tibet shrublands and meadows 81018 Sulaiman Range alpine meadows 81019 Tian Shan montane steppe and meadows 81020 Tibetan Plateau alpine shrublands and meadows 81021 Western Himalayan alpine shrub and Meadows 81022 Yarlung Tsangpo arid steppe 81101 Arctic desert 81102 Bering tundra 81103 Cherskii-Kolyma mountain tundra 81104 Chukchi Peninsula tundra 81105 Kamchatka Mountain tundra and forest tundra 81106 Kola Peninsula tundra 81107 Northeast Siberian coastal tundra 81108 Northwest Russian-Novaya Zemlya tundra 81109 Novosibirsk Islands arctic desert 81110 Scandinavian Montane Birch forest and grasslands 81111 Taimyr-Central Siberian tundra 81112 Trans-Baikal Bald Mountain tundra 81113 Wrangel Island arctic desert 81114 Yamal-Gydan tundra 81201 Aegean and Western Turkey sclerophyllous and mixed forests 81202 Anatolian conifer and deciduous mixed forests 81203 Canary Islands dry woodlands and forests 81204 Corsican montane broadleaf and mixed forests 81205 Crete Mediterranean forests 81206 Cyprus Mediterranean forests 81207 Eastern Mediterranean conifer-sclerophyllous-broadleaf forests 81208 Iberian conifer forests 81209 Iberian sclerophyllous and semi-deciduous forests 81210 Illyrian deciduous forests 81211 Italian sclerophyllous and semi-deciduous forests 81212 Mediterranean acacia-argania dry woodlands and succulent thickets 81213 Mediterranean dry woodlands and steppe 81214 Mediterranean woodlands and forests 81215 Northeastern Spain and Southern France Mediterranean forests 81216 Northwest Iberian montane forests 81217 Pindus Mountains mixed forests 81218 South Appenine mixed montane forests 81219 Southeastern Iberian shrubs and woodlands 81220 Southern Anatolian montane conifer and deciduous forests 81221 Southwest Iberian Mediterranean sclerophyllous and mixed forests 81222 Tyrrhenian-Adriatic Sclerophyllous and mixed forests 81301 Afghan Mountains semi-desert 81302 Alashan Plateau semi-desert 81303 Arabian Desert and East Sahero-Arabian xeric shrublands 81304 Atlantic coastal desert 81305 Azerbaijan shrub desert and steppe 81306 Badghyz and Karabil semi-desert 81307 Baluchistan xeric woodlands 81308 Caspian lowland desert 81309 Central Afghan Mountains xeric woodlands 81310 Central Asian northern desert 81311 Central Asian riparian woodlands 81312 Central Asian southern desert 81313 Central Persian desert basins 81314 Eastern Gobi desert steppe 81315 Gobi Lakes Valley desert steppe 81316 Great Lakes Basin desert steppe 81317 Junggar Basin semi-desert 81318 Kazakh semi-desert 81319 Kopet Dag semi-desert 81320 Mesopotamian shrub desert 81321 North Saharan steppe and woodlands 81322 Paropamisus xeric woodlands 81323 Persian Gulf desert and semi-desert 81324 Qaidam Basin semi-desert 81325 Red Sea Nubo-Sindian tropical desert and semi-desert 81326 Registan-North Pakistan sandy desert 81327 Sahara desert 81328 South Iran Nubo-Sindian desert and semi-desert 81329 South Saharan steppe and woodlands 81330 Taklimakan desert 81331 Tibesti-Jebel Uweinat montane xeric woodlands 81332 West Saharan montane xeric woodlands 81333 Red Sea coastal desert Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Proportion of land area used for agriculture (circa 2000) CROPLAND reports the proportion of land that is planted in crops, for a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The statistics reported in CROPLAND are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. CROPLAND is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. CROPLAND, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Proportion of land area used for pastureland (circa 2000) PASTURELAND reports the proportion of land that is used as pasture, for a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The pasture area statistics reported in PASTURELAND are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. PASTURELAND is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. PASTURELAND, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS NDVI monthly time-series NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) consists of a set of 72 variables. These variables report the maximum NDVI value within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster for the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, the month of the survey start date, and the 11 individual months following the survey start date. NDVI is a numeric, normalized index that measures live greenness in an area and can be used as a proxy for vegetation. Hypothetically, NDVI values can range from -1.0 to 1.0. The IPUMS-DHS NDVI metric captures the maximum value of NDVI within the 10-kilometer buffer area (i.e., which pixel in the buffer has the maximum NDVI value for a given month), so the values in IPUMS-DHS for NDVI range from 0 to 1. By adding NDVI to your data cart, you are in effect adding 72 separate variables for: the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, denoted by the number of months prior to the survey start date (e.g., NDVI_01 is the maximum NDVI in the month before the survey start date; NDVI_60 is the maximum NDVI in the 60th month before the survey start date) the month of the survey start date (NDVI_00) the 11 individual months following the month of the survey start date, denoted by the number of months following the month of the survey start date (e.g., NDVI_A01 is the maximum NDVI in the month following the month of the survey start date) The source data for NDVI come fromÂ the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS [URL omitted from DDI.])Â dataset, which covers the period February 2000 to October 2018. Only IPUMS-DHS samples whose data collection period overlapped with February 2000 or later are included in the NDVI variable (e.g., Bangladesh 2000). Note, however, that a sample fielded beginning in February 2000 would have non-missing NDVI values for the survey start month and the 11 following months, but would have only missing data values for the 60 months preceding the survey start date. Researchers who need NDVI values for the full 5 years preceding the survey start--for example, to relate to health outcomes for children under age 5--should restrict their analysis to samples fielded from February 2005 forward. NDVI, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 NDVI available Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 60 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 59 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 58 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 57 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 56 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 55 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 54 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 53 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 52 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 51 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 50 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 49 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 48 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 47 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 46 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 45 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 44 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 43 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 42 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 41 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 40 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 39 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 38 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 37 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 36 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 35 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 34 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 33 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 32 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 31 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 30 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 29 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 28 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 27 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 26 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 25 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 24 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 23 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 22 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 21 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 20 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 19 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 18 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 17 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 16 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 15 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 14 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 13 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 12 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 11 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 10 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 9 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 8 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 7 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 6 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 5 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 4 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 3 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 2 months before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 1 month before survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI month of survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 1 month after survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 2 months after survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 3 months after survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 4 months after survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 5 months after survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 6 months after survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 7 months after survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 8 months after survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 9 months after survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 10 months after survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS NDVI 11 months after survey start date -00998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation monthly time-series PRECIP consists of a set of 72 separate variables. These variables report the average precipitation in millimeters, received within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, for the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, the month of the survey start date, and the 11 individual months following the survey start date. Note that "average" precipitation here refers to averaging the monthly precipitation values for the various subareas included in the buffer zone. By adding PRECIP to your data cart, you are in effect adding 72 separate variables for: the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, denoted by the number of months prior to the survey start date (e.g., PRECIP_01 is the average precipitation in the month before the survey start date; PRECIP_60 is the average precipitation in the 60th month before the survey start date); the month of the survey start date (PRECIP_00); the 11 individual months following the month of the survey start date, denoted by the number of months following the month of the survey start date (e.g., PRECIP_A01 is the average precipitation in the month following the month of the survey start date). The full set of monthly precipitation data, from January 1981 through August 2018, is available on the IPUMS-DHS contextual variables downloads [URL omitted from DDI.] page. Users can merge the precipitation data, available in csv format, with their IPUMS-DHS data extract to create average or total precipitation variables (e.g., average January precipitation, total 2017 precipitation), for the time frame suited to their research question. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 PRECIP available Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 60 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 59 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 58 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 57 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 56 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 55 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 54 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 53 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 52 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 51 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 50 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 49 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 48 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 47 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 46 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 45 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 44 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 43 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 42 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 41 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 40 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 39 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 38 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 37 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 36 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 35 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 34 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 33 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 32 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 31 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 30 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 29 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 28 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 27 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 26 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 25 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 24 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 23 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 22 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 21 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 20 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 19 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 18 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 17 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 16 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 15 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 14 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 13 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 12 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 11 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 10 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 9 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 8 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 7 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 6 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 5 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 4 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 3 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 2 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 1 month before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation month of survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 1 month after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 2 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 3 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 4 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 5 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 6 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 7 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 8 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 9 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 10 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 11 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum monthly temperature TEMPMIN consists of a set of 72 separate variables reporting minimum monthly temperatures. These variables report the average minimum temperature in kelvin scale, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, for the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, the month of the survey start date, and the 11 individual months following the survey start date. Note that "average" minimum temperature here refers to averaging the minimum temperature values for the various subareas included in the buffer zone. By adding TEMPMIN to your data cart, you are in effect adding 72 separate variables for: the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, denoted by the number of months prior to the survey start date (e.g., TEMPMIN_01 is the average minimum temperature in the month before the survey start date; TEMPMIN _60 is the average minimum temperature in the 60th month before the survey start date) the month of the survey start date (TEMPMIN _00) the 11 individual months following the month of the survey start date, denoted by the number of months following the month of the survey start date (e.g., TEMPMIN_A01 is the average minimum temperature in the month following the month of the survey start date) The full set of monthly temperature data, from January 1980 through December 2016, is available on the IPUMS-DHS contextual variables downloads [URL omitted from DDI.] page. Users can merge the temperature data, available in csv format, with their IPUMS-DHS data extract to create average or total precipitation variables (e.g., average minimum January temperature), for the time frame suited to their research question. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 TEMPMAX available Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 60 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 59 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 58 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 57 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 56 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 55 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 54 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 53 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 52 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 51 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 50 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 49 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 48 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 47 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 46 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 45 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 44 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 43 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 42 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 41 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 40 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 39 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 38 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 37 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 36 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 35 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 34 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 33 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 32 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 31 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 30 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 29 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 28 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 27 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 26 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 25 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 24 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 23 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 22 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 21 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 20 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 19 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 18 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 17 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 16 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 15 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 14 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 13 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 12 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 11 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 10 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 9 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 8 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 7 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 6 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 5 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 4 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 3 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 2 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 1 month before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature month of survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 1 month after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 2 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 3 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 4 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 5 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 6 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 7 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 8 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 9 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 10 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 11 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum monthly temperature TEMPMAX consists of a set of 72 separate variables reporting maximum monthly temperatures. These variables report the average maximum temperature in kelvin scale, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, for the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, the month of the survey start date, and the 11 individual months following the survey start date. Note that "average" maximum temperature here refers to averaging the maximum temperature values for the various subareas included in the buffer zone. By adding TEMPMAX to your data cart, you are in effect adding 72 separate variables for: the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, denoted by the number of months prior to the survey start date (e.g., TEMPMAX_01 is the average maximum temperature in the month before the survey start date; TEMPMAX _60 is the average maximum temperature in the 60th month before the survey start date) the month of the survey start date (TEMPMAX _00) the 11 individual months following the month of the survey start date, denoted by the number of months following the month of the survey start date (e.g., TEMPMAX_A01 is the average maximum temperature in the month following the month of the survey start date). The full set of monthly temperature data, from January 1980 through December 2016, is available on the IPUMS-DHS contextual variables downloads [URL omitted from DDI.] page. Users can merge the temperature data, available in csv format, with their IPUMS-DHS data extract to create average or total precipitation variables (e.g., average maximum July temperature), for the time frame suited to their research question. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 TEMPMAX available Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 60 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 59 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 58 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 57 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 56 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 55 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 54 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 53 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 52 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 51 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 50 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 49 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 48 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 47 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 46 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 45 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 44 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 43 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 42 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 41 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 40 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 39 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 38 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 37 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 36 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 35 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 34 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 33 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 32 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 31 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 30 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 29 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 28 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 27 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 26 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 25 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 24 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 23 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 22 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 21 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 20 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 19 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 18 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 17 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 16 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 15 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 14 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 13 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 12 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 11 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 10 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 9 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 8 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 7 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 6 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 5 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 4 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 3 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 2 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 1 month before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature month of survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 1 month after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 2 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 3 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 4 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 5 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 6 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 7 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 8 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 9 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 10 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 11 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Population density quinquennial time-series (2000-2020) POPDENSITY consists of a set of 5 separate variables. These variables report the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. By adding POPDENSITY to your data cart, you are in effect adding 5 separate variables (POPDENSITY_2000 - POPDENSITY_2020), one variable for each month. Values for POPDENSITY are based onÂ population projections from the results of the 2000 and 2010 rounds of censuses. POPDENSITY variables can be used as indicators of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, for greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. POPDENSITY, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 POPDENSITY available Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2000 POPDENSITY_2000 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2000. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2000 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2000 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2000 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2005 POPDENSITY_2005 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2005. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2005 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2005 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2005 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2010 POPDENSITY_2010 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2010. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2010 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2010 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2010 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2015 POPDENSITY_2015 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2015. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2015 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2015 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2015 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2020 POPDENSITY_2020 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2020. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2020 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2020 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Values for POPDENSITY_2020 are based on population projections from the results of the 2010 round of censuses, which occurred between 2005 and 2014. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2020 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area barley (in 2000) BARLEY_H reports total harvested area dedicated to barley, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in BARLEY_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable BARLEY_P reports total crop production of barley, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. BARLEY_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area cassava (in 2000) CASSAVA_H reports total harvested area dedicated to cassava, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in CASSAVA_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable CASSAVA_P reports total crop production of cassava, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. CASSAVA_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area cotton (in 2000) COTTON_H reports total harvested area dedicated to cotton, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in COTTON_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable COTTON_P reports total crop production of cotton, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. COTTON_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area groundnuts (in 2000) GROUNDNUT_H reports total harvested area dedicated to groundnuts, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in GROUNDNUT_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable GROUNDNUT_P reports total crop production of groundnuts, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. GROUNDNUT_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area maize (in 2000) MAIZE_H reports total harvested area dedicated to maize, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in MAIZE_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable MAIZE_P reports total crop production of maize, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. MAIZE_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area millet (in 2000) MILLET_H reports total harvested area dedicated to millet, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in MILLET_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable MILLET_P reports total crop production of millet, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. MILLET_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area oilpalm (in 2000) OILPALM_H reports total harvested area dedicated to oil palm, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in OILPALM_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable OILPALM_P reports total crop production of oil palm, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. OILPALM_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area potatoes (in 2000) POTATO_H reports total harvested area dedicated to potatoes, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in POTATO_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable POTATO_P reports total crop production of potatoes, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. POTATO_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area rapeseed (in 2000) RAPESEED_H reports total harvested area dedicated to rapeseed, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in RAPESEED_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RAPESEED_P reports total crop production of rapeseed, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RAPESEED_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area rice (in 2000) RICE_H reports total harvested area dedicated to rice, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in RICE_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RICE_P reports total crop production of rice, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RICE_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area sorghum (in 2000) SORGHUM_H reports total harvested area dedicated to sorghum, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SORGHUM_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SORGHUM_P reports total crop production of sorghum, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SORGHUM_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area soybeans (in 2000) SOYBEAN_H reports total harvested area dedicated to soybeans, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SOYBEAN_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SOYBEAN_P reports total crop production of soybean, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SOYBEAN_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area sugarbeets (in 2000) SUGARBEET_H reports total harvested area dedicated to sugar beets, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SUGARBEET_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUGARBEET_P reports total crop production of sugar beets, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUGARBEET_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area sugarcane (in 2000) SUGARCANE_H reports total harvested area dedicated to sugar cane, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SUGARCANE_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUGARCANE_P reports total crop production of sugar cane, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUGARCANE_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area sunflowers (in 2000) SUNFLOWER_H reports total harvested area dedicated to sunflowers, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SUNFLOWER_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUNFLOWER_P reports total crop production of sunflowers, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUNFLOWER_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area wheat (in 2000) WHEAT_H reports total harvested area dedicated to wheat, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in WHEAT_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable WHEAT_P reports total crop production of wheat, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. WHEAT_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area rye (in 2000) RYE_H reports total harvested area dedicated to rye, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in RYE_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RYE_P reports total crop production of rye, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RYE_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total barley production (in 2000) BARLEY_P reports the total crop production of barley, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in BARLEY_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable BARLEY_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to barley, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. BARLEY_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total cassava production (in 2000) CASSAVA_P reports the total crop production of cassava, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in CASSAVA_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable CASSAVA_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to cassava, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. CASSAVA_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total cotton production (in 2000) COTTON_P reports the total crop production of cotton, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in COTTON_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable COTTON_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to cotton, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. COTTON_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total groundnut production (in 2000) GROUNDNUT_P reports the total crop production of groundnuts, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in GROUNDNUT_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable GROUNDNUT_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to groundnuts, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. GROUNDNUT_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total maize production (in 2000) MAIZE_P reports the total crop production of maize, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in MAIZE_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable MAIZE_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to maize, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. MAIZE_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total millet production (in 2000) MILLET_P reports the total crop production of millet, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in MILLET_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable MILLET_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to millet, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. MILLET_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total oilpalm production (in 2000) OILPALM_P reports the total crop production of oil palm, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in OILPALM_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable OILPALM_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to oil palm, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. OILPALM_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total potato production (in 2000) POTATO_P reports the total crop production of potatoes, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in POTATO_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable POTATO_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to potatoes, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. POTATO_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total rapeseed production (in 2000) RAPESEED_P reports the total crop production of rapeseed, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in RAPESEED_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RAPESEED_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to rapeseed, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RAPESEED_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total rice production (in 2000) RICE_P reports the total crop production of rice, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in RICE_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RICE_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to rice, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RICE_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total sorghum production (in 2000) SORGHUM_P reports the total crop production of sorghum, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SORGHUM_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SORGHUM_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to sorghum, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SORGHUM_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total soybean production (in 2000) SOYBEAN_P reports the total crop production of soybeans, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SOYBEAN_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SOYBEAN_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to soybeans, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SOYBEAN_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total sugarbeet production (in 2000) SUGARBEET_P reports the total crop production of sugar beets, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SUGARBEET_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUGARBEET_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to sugar beets, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUGARBEET_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total sugarcane production (in 2000) SUGARCANE_P reports the total crop production of sugar cane, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SUGARCANE_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUGARCANE_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to sugar cane, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUGARCANE_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total sunflower production (in 2000) SUNFLOWER_P reports the total crop production of sunflowers, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SUNFLOWER_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUNFLOWER_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to sunflowers, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUNFLOWER_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total wheat production (in 2000) WHEAT_P reports the total crop production of wheat, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in WHEAT_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable WHEAT_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to wheat, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. WHEAT_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total rye production (in 2000) RYE_P reports the total crop production of rye, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in RYE_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RYE_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to rye, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RYE_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS