Madagascar Demographic and Health Survey 1997 IPUMS-Demographic and Health Series (IPUMS-DHS) DDI_MDG_1997_DHS_v01_M_v02_A_IPUMS Minnesota Population Center

Minnesota Population Center and ICF

Minnesota Population Center September 25, 2019 Minnesota Population Center, 50 Willey Hall, 225 - 19th Avenue South, Minneapolis, MN 55455 Minnesota Population Center f'DDI Document version - Version 0{vno} (March 2020) This version is identical to IPUMS Version 7 except for the following fields that were edited by World Bank: DDI ID and Study ID - adaptation version number changed to v0{vno} as this is the subsequent DHS-IPUMS adaptation in World Bank catalog. Version 7 . Documentation of Demographic Household Survey data and harmonized variables as found in IPUMS-DHS. IPUMS has distribution rights to the metadata and data. The XML documents generated by this process are viewed as a distribution of the metadata. Fields edited for the World Bank are: DDI ID and study ID to match World Bank study naming convention, as well as DDI Document Version and Version Description to reflect changed included in version 7. Variable ID's and names were changed to add the prefix W_, C_, B_, M_, or H_ to indicate file source as Woman, Child, Birth, Man, or Household Member respectively. This was done to create unique variable IDs and names within the file. These prefixes are not found in the IPUMS-DHS system. Original extract version date 2019-9-25. DDI metadata revised to add DOI number to stdyDscr/notes and correct assignment of variables to record types. All non-ANSI_Latin characters have been replaced.' Demographic and Health Survey 1997 - IPUMS Subset DHS 1997 (IPUMS Harmonized Subset) MDG_1997_DHS_v01_M_v02_A_IPUMS Direction de la Démographie et des Statistiques Sociales, Institut National de la Statistique [Madagascar] and Macro International Inc. Minnesota Population Center (c) Copyright , Direction de la Démographie et des Statistiques Sociales, Institut National de la Statistique [Madagascar] and Macro International Inc. and Minnesota Population Center Direction de la Démographie et des Statistiques Sociales, Institut National de la Statistique [Madagascar] and Macro International Inc. Demographic and Health Survey [hh/dhs] Version 7. The datasets contain selected variables from the original microdata plus harmonized variables from the IPUMS-DHS database. Agricultural possessions Variables -- TOPICS Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Behavior changes due to HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Child antenatal care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Child antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Child anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Child delivery care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Child delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Child feeding, general Variables -- TOPICS Child health postpartum Variables -- TOPICS Child respiratory illness or fever Variables -- TOPICS Child respiratory illness, treatment Variables -- TOPICS Child's breastfeeding Variables -- TOPICS Child vaccination, general Variables -- TOPICS Condom knowledge and attitudes Variables -- TOPICS Condom use Variables -- TOPICS Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Country-specific sources, male condom Variables -- TOPICS Days child fed foods in past week Variables -- TOPICS Decision-making Variables -- TOPICS Diarrhea, general Variables -- TOPICS Diarrhea, treatment Variables -- TOPICS Discussion of family planning Variables -- TOPICS DPT-HB-Hib vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Education Variables -- TOPICS Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Ethnicity and religion Variables -- TOPICS Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Female biometrics, general Variables -- TOPICS Fertility Variables -- TOPICS First or ever sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS First use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Foods fed child in past 24 hours Variables -- TOPICS Future use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS General family planning Variables -- TOPICS General HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS General sources Variables -- TOPICS General technical Variables -- TOPICS Geography, general Variables -- TOPICS HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Housing Variables -- TOPICS Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Information on family planning Variables -- TOPICS Integrated geography Variables -- TOPICS Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Maternal antenatal care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Maternal delivery care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Measles vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Media exposure Variables -- TOPICS Migration Variables -- TOPICS Nutrition Variables -- TOPICS ORS treatment Variables -- TOPICS Other vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Perceived risk of HIV/AIDS Variables -- TOPICS Place for diarrhea treatment, general Variables -- TOPICS Polio vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Possessions Variables -- TOPICS Recent sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Single sample geography Variables -- TOPICS Social Variables -- TOPICS Source for respiratory treatment, general Variables -- TOPICS Source for STI advice, CS Variables -- TOPICS Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS STI experience Variables -- TOPICS STI knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Vitamin A vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Wealth index Variables -- TOPICS Weights and subsample selection Variables -- TOPICS Why not use family planning Variables -- TOPICS Work Variables -- TOPICS 1997 Madagascar Woman, Birth, Child, Birth, Man, Household Member Women age 15-49, Births, Children age 0-2, All persons Demographic and Household Survey [hh/dhs] MICRODATA SOURCE: Direction de la Démographie et des Statistiques Sociales, Institut National de la Statistique [Madagascar] and Macro International Inc. SAMPLE UNIT: Woman SAMPLE SIZE: 7060 SAMPLE UNIT: Birth SAMPLE SIZE: 21653 SAMPLE UNIT: Child SAMPLE SIZE: 3681 SAMPLE UNIT: Member SAMPLE SIZE: 35059 Face-to-face [f2f] None Direction de la Démographie et des Statistiques Sociales, Institut National de la Statistique [Madagascar] and Macro International Inc. Publications and research reports based on the IPUMS-DHS database must cite it appropriately. The citation should include the following: Elizabeth Heger Boyle, Miriam King and Matthew Sobek. IPUMS-Demographic and Health Surveys: Version 7 [dataset]. Minnesota Population Center and ICF, 2019. https://doi.org/10.18128/D080.V7 Researchers should also acknowledge the originally produced the data: Direction de la Démographie et des Statistiques Sociales, Institut National de la Statistique [Madagascar] and Macro International Inc. Madagascar Demographic and Health Survey 1997 [Dataset]. Data Extract from MDIR31.SAV, MDHR31.SAV, MDKR31.SAV, MDBR31.SAV, and MDPR31.SAV. IPUMS Demographic and Health Surveys (IPUMS DHS), version 7, IPUMS and ICF [Distributors]. Accessed from http://idhsdata.org on DATE. The licensing agreement for use of IPUMS-DHS data requires that users supply us with the title and full citation for any publications, research reports, or educational materials making use of the data or documentation. Please add your citation to the IPUMS bibliography at http://bibliography.ipums.org/. Users of IPUMS-DHS data must agree to abide by the access restrictions and terms of use set forth by the DHS Program: https://dhsprogram.com/data/Access-Instructions.cfm The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses. MDG1997-W.dat Woman records 7060 ascii Minnesota Population Center MDG1997-B.dat Birth records 21653 ascii Minnesota Population Center MDG1997-C.dat Child records 3681 ascii Minnesota Population Center MDG1997-H.dat Household member records 35059 ascii Minnesota Population Center IPUMS-DHS sample identifier SAMPLE identifies the DHS sample from which the case is drawn. Each sample receives a unique 5-digit code. The first three digits are ISO/UN codes used in COUNTRY, and the last two digits identify the sample within the country, ordered by survey year. The related variable SAMPLESTR is a string variable that identifies the DHS sample with the same 5-digit code. 00101 Model 2015 00401 Afghanistan 2015 02401 Angola 2015 05001 Bangladesh 1994 05002 Bangladesh 1996-97 05003 Bangladesh 1999-00 05004 Bangladesh 2004 05005 Bangladesh 2007 05006 Bangladesh 2011 05007 Bangladesh 2014 10401 Myanmar 2015 10801 Burundi 1987 10802 Burundi 2010 10803 Burundi 2016 11601 Cambodia 2000 11602 Cambodia 2005 11603 Cambodia 2010 11604 Cambodia 2014 12001 Cameroon 1991 12002 Cameroon 1998 12003 Cameroon 2004 12004 Cameroon 2011 14801 Chad 1996-97 14802 Chad 2004 14803 Chad 2014 18001 Congo Democratic Republic 2007 18002 Congo Democratic Republic 2013-14 20401 Benin 1996 20402 Benin 2001 20403 Benin 2006 20404 Benin 2011 23101 Ethiopia 2000 23102 Ethiopia 2005 23103 Ethiopia 2011 23104 Ethiopia 2016 28801 Ghana 1988 28802 Ghana 1993 28803 Ghana 1998 28804 Ghana 2003 28805 Ghana 2008 28806 Ghana 2014 32001 Guatemala 1987 32002 Guatemala 1995 32003 Guatemala 2015 32401 Guinea 1999 32402 Guinea 2005 32403 Guinea 2012 35601 India 1992-93 35602 India 1998-99 35603 India 2005-06 35604 India 2015-16 38401 Cote d'Ivoire 1994 38402 Cote d'Ivoire 1998 38403 Cote d'Ivoire 2011 40001 Jordan 1990 40002 Jordan 1997 40003 Jordan 2002 40004 Jordan 2007 40005 Jordan 2009 40006 Jordan 2012 40007 Jordan 2017-18 40401 Kenya 1989 40402 Kenya 1993 40403 Kenya 1998 40404 Kenya 2003 40405 Kenya 2008-9 40406 Kenya 2014 42601 Lesotho 2004 42602 Lesotho 2009 42603 Lesotho 2014 45001 Madagascar 1992 45002 Madagascar 1997 45003 Madagascar 2003 45004 Madagascar 2008 45401 Malawi 1992 45402 Malawi 2000 45403 Malawi 2004 45404 Malawi 2010 45405 Malawi 2016 46601 Mali 1987 46602 Mali 1995-6 46603 Mali 2001 46604 Mali 2006 46605 Mali 2012 50401 Morocco 1987 50402 Morocco 1992 50403 Morocco 2003 50801 Mozambique 1997 50802 Mozambique 2003 50803 Mozambique 2011 51601 Namibia 1992 51602 Namibia 2000 51603 Namibia 2006 51604 Namibia 2013 52401 Nepal 1996 52402 Nepal 2001 52403 Nepal 2006 52404 Nepal 2011 52405 Nepal 2016 56201 Niger 1992 56202 Niger 1998 56203 Niger 2006 56204 Niger 2012 56601 Nigeria 1990 56602 Nigeria 1999 56603 Nigeria 2003 56604 Nigeria 2008 56605 Nigeria 2013 58601 Pakistan 1990-91 58602 Pakistan 2006-07 58603 Pakistan 2012-13 58604 Pakistan 2017-18 60401 Peru 1991-92 60402 Peru 1996 60403 Peru 2000 60404 Peru 2004-08 60405 Peru 2010 60406 Peru 2011 60407 Peru 2012 64601 Rwanda 1992 64602 Rwanda 2000 64603 Rwanda 2005 64604 Rwanda 2010 64605 Rwanda 2014 68601 Senegal 1986 68602 Senegal 1992-93 68603 Senegal 1997 68604 Senegal 2005 68605 Senegal 2010-11 68606 Senegal 2012-13 68607 Senegal 2014 68608 Senegal 2015 68609 Senegal 2016 68610 Senegal 2017 71001 South Africa 1998 71002 South Africa 2016 71601 Zimbabwe 1988 71602 Zimbabwe 1994 71603 Zimbabwe 1999 71604 Zimbabwe 2005-6 71605 Zimbabwe 2010-11 71606 Zimbabwe 2015 72901 Sudan 1989-90 78801 Tunisia 1988 79201 Turkey 1993 79202 Turkey 1998 79203 Turkey 2003 80001 Uganda 1988 80002 Uganda 1995 80003 Uganda 2001 80004 Uganda 2006 80005 Uganda 2011 80006 Uganda 2016 81801 Egypt 1988 81802 Egypt 1992 81803 Egypt 1995 81804 Egypt 2000 81805 Egypt 2005 81806 Egypt 2008 81807 Egypt 2014 83401 Tanzania 1991 83402 Tanzania 1996 83403 Tanzania 1999 83404 Tanzania 2004 83405 Tanzania 2010 83406 Tanzania 2015 85401 Burkina Faso 1993 85402 Burkina Faso 1998 85403 Burkina Faso 2003 85404 Burkina Faso 2010 88701 Yemen 1991-92 88702 Yemen 2013 89401 Zambia 1992 89402 Zambia 1996 89403 Zambia 2001 89404 Zambia 2007 89405 Zambia 2013 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS IPUMS-DHS sample identifier (string) SAMPLESTR is a string variable that identifies the DHS sample from which the case is drawn. Each sample receives a unique 5-digit code. The first three digits are ISO/UN codes used in COUNTRY, and the last two digits identify the sample within the country, ordered by survey year. The related variable SAMPLE is a numeric variable that identifies the DHS sample with the same 5-digit code. 11603 Cambodia 2010 11602 Cambodia 2005 11601 Cambodia 2000 10803 Burundi 2016 10802 Burundi 2010 10801 Burundi 1987 10401 Myanmar 2015 05007 Bangladesh 2014 05006 Bangladesh 2011 05005 Bangladesh 2007 05004 Bangladesh 2004 05003 Bangladesh 1999-00 05001 Bangladesh 1994 05002 Bangladesh 1996-97 14801 Chad 1996-97 12004 Cameroon 2011 12003 Cameroon 2004 14803 Chad 2014 18001 Congo Democratic Republic 2007 18002 Congo Democratic Republic 2013-14 20401 Benin 1996 81807 Egypt 2014 81806 Egypt 2008 81805 Egypt 2005 81804 Egypt 2000 81803 Egypt 1995 81802 Egypt 1992 81801 Egypt 1988 80006 Uganda 2016 80005 Uganda 2011 80004 Uganda 2006 80003 Uganda 2001 80002 Uganda 1995 80001 Uganda 1988 79203 Turkey 2003 79202 Turkey 1998 79201 Turkey 1993 78801 Tunisia 1988 72901 Sudan 1989-90 71606 Zimbabwe 2015 71605 Zimbabwe 2010-11 71604 Zimbabwe 2005-6 71603 Zimbabwe 1999 71602 Zimbabwe 1994 71601 Zimbabwe 1988 71001 South Africa 1998 68610 Senegal 2017 68609 Senegal 2016 68608 Senegal 2015 68607 Senegal 2014 14802 Chad 2004 68606 Senegal 2012-13 68605 Senegal 2010-11 68604 Senegal 2005 68603 Senegal 1997 68602 Senegal 1992-93 68601 Senegal 1986 64605 Rwanda 2014 64604 Rwanda 2010 64603 Rwanda 2005 64602 Rwanda 2000 64601 Rwanda 1992 60407 Peru 2012 60406 Peru 2011 60405 Peru 2010 60404 Peru 2004-08 60403 Peru 2000 60402 Peru 1996 60401 Peru 1991-92 58603 Pakistan 2012-13 58602 Pakistan 2006-07 58601 Pakistan 1990-91 56605 Nigeria 2013 56604 Nigeria 2008 56603 Nigeria 2003 56602 Nigeria 1999 56601 Nigeria 1990 56204 Niger 2012 56203 Niger 2006 56202 Niger 1998 12002 Cameroon 1998 12001 Cameroon 1991 11604 Cambodia 2014 02401 Angola 2015 00401 Afghanistan 2015 00101 Model 2015 56201 Niger 1992 52404 Nepal 2011 52403 Nepal 2006 52402 Nepal 2001 52401 Nepal 1996 51604 Namibia 2013 51603 Namibia 2006 51602 Namibia 2000 51601 Namibia 1992 50803 Mozambique 2011 50802 Mozambique 2003 50801 Mozambique 1997 50403 Morocco 2003 50402 Morocco 1992 50401 Morocco 1987 46605 Mali 2012 46604 Mali 2006 46603 Mali 2001 46602 Mali 1995-6 46601 Mali 1987 45405 Malawi 2016 45404 Malawi 2010 45403 Malawi 2004 45402 Malawi 2000 45401 Malawi 1992 45004 Madagascar 2008 45003 Madagascar 2003 45002 Madagascar 1997 45001 Madagascar 1992 42603 Lesotho 2014 42602 Lesotho 2009 42601 Lesotho 2004 40406 Kenya 2014 40405 Kenya 2008-9 40404 Kenya 2003 40403 Kenya 1998 40402 Kenya 1993 40401 Kenya 1989 40006 Jordan 2012 40005 Jordan 2009 40004 Jordan 2007 40003 Jordan 2002 40002 Jordan 1997 40001 Jordan 1990 38403 Cote d'Ivoire 2011 38402 Cote d'Ivoire 1998 38401 Cote d'Ivoire 1994 35604 India 2015-16 35603 India 2005-06 35602 India 1998-99 35601 India 1992-93 32403 Guinea 2012 32402 Guinea 2005 32401 Guinea 1999 32003 Guatemala 2015 32002 Guatemala 1995 32001 Guatemala 1987 28806 Ghana 2014 28805 Ghana 2008 28804 Ghana 2003 28803 Ghana 1998 28802 Ghana 1993 28801 Ghana 1988 23104 Ethiopia 2016 23103 Ethiopia 2011 23102 Ethiopia 2005 23101 Ethiopia 2000 20404 Benin 2011 20403 Benin 2006 20402 Benin 2001 83401 Tanzania 1991 83402 Tanzania 1996 83403 Tanzania 1999 83404 Tanzania 2004 83405 Tanzania 2010 83406 Tanzania 2015 85401 Burkina Faso 1993 85402 Burkina Faso 1998 85403 Burkina Faso 2003 85404 Burkina Faso 2010 88701 Yemen 1991-92 88702 Yemen 2013 89401 Zambia 1992 89402 Zambia 1996 89403 Zambia 2001 89404 Zambia 2007 89405 Zambia 2013 40007 Jordan 2017 52405 Nepal 2016 58604 Pakistan 2017-18 71002 South Africa 2016 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Country COUNTRY reports the country where the survey was fielded. The codes assigned to each country are those used by the UN Statistics Division and the ISO (International Organization for Standardization). 001 Model 004 Afghanistan 024 Angola 050 Bangladesh 104 Myanmar 108 Burundi 116 Cambodia 120 Cameroon 148 Chad 180 Congo Democratic Republic 204 Benin 231 Ethiopia 288 Ghana 320 Guatemala 324 Guinea 356 India 384 Cote d'Ivoire 400 Jordan 404 Kenya 426 Lesotho 450 Madagascar 454 Malawi 466 Mali 504 Morocco 508 Mozambique 516 Namibia 524 Nepal 562 Niger 566 Nigeria 586 Pakistan 604 Peru 646 Rwanda 686 Senegal 710 South Africa 716 Zimbabwe 729 Sudan 788 Tunisia 792 Turkey 800 Uganda 818 Egypt 834 Tanzania 854 Burkina Faso 887 Yemen 894 Zambia Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Year of sample YEAR reports the year when the survey was fielded, as a four-digit variable. In some cases, the DHS was conducted over the course of two years (e.g., Ethiopia 2010-2011), but YEAR always gives a single year. For full information about the timing of the surveys, please consult the IPUMS-DHS Sample Descriptions page. 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 2017 2017 2018 2018 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Unique cross-sample respondent identifier IDHSPID is an identifying number unique to person in a given sample. It is a concatenation of SAMPLE and CASEID. IDHSPID is a 22-character string variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Unique cross-sample household identifier IDHSHID is an identifying number unique to a specific household in a given sample. It is a concatenation of SAMPLE, CLUSTERNO and HHNUM. IDHSHID is a 19-character string variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Key to link DHS clusters to context data (string) DHSID is the 14-character DHS identification code for DHS clusters constructed from the 2-character country code, the 4-digit survey year, and the 8-digit cluster identification number. DHSID is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample and uniquely identifies clusters across samples. It serves as the unique linking key between IPUMS-DHS microdata and DHS cluster shapefiles. This is a 14-digit numeric variable with 0 implied decimal places Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Unique sample-case PSU identifier IDHSPSU is an identifying number unique to the primary sampling unit in a given sample. This variable is a concatenation of SAMPLE (which uniquely identifies each country- and year-specific sample) and PSU (the numbered primary sampling units within a given sample). Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Unique cross-sample sampling strata IDHSSTRATA is an identifying number unique to the sampling strata in a given sample. This variable is a concatenation of SAMPLE (which uniquely identifies each country- and year-specific sample) and STRATA (groups of geographically similar areas, from which primary sampling units are drawn). Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific respondent identifier CASEID is the unique identifier for each woman in a given sample year. Using CASEID and CLUSTERNO, analysts can link IPUMS-DHS data to the original DHS datasets to attach variables that are not currently available in IPUMS-DHS. For example, researchers can use CASEID and CLUSTERNO to link variables from the IPUMS-DHS with other variables from the Woman's Recode file to merge country-specific variables, or to the Household or Couples Recode file to attach variables that are not yet part of IPUMS-DHS. In most samples, users can identify women who are in the same household by using the first 12 characters of CASEID (and CLUSTERNO (V001)), as this indicates a unique household identifier. CASEID is generally created by The DHS Program using the variables CLUSTERNO (V001), HHNUM (V002), and LINENO (V003), with the last three characters indicating the respondent's line number in the household file. For instructions on how to create links between IPUMS-DHS data and DHS source data, see the User Note on "Merging IDHS and DHS Data." [URL omitted from DDI.] CASEID is a 18-character string variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific household identifier HHID is an identifying number unique to each household in a given sample. HHID is a 15-character string variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific primary sampling unit PSU (V021) is the variable indicating the primary sampling unit or PSU. It should be used along with the variable DOMAIN (V023) to account for the impact of the sample design clustering on the variance estimates and standard errors. The DHS Recode Manuals for Phase 2 forward describe this variable as follows: Primary sampling unit is a number assigned to sample points to identify the primary sampling units for use in the calculation of sampling errors. This variable is usually the same as the cluster number and/or the ultimate area unit, but may differ if the sample design required a multistage selection process. See the notes on DHS webpage "Using sample weights" [URL omitted from DDI.] on variance estimation for additional information. PSU (V021) is a 6-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific sampling strata STRATA (V022) defines the pairings or groupings of primary sampling units used in the calculation of sampling errors when using the Taylor series expansion method. In two-stage sampling, The DHS Program may first group small geographic areas, such as enumeration areas from the last census, into broad strata defined jointly by region and urban versus rural areas within a region. In the second stage of sampling, a subset of geographic areas (sample clusters) are selected as the sites for interviewing from within defined strata. STRATA is not the same as DOMAIN (V023). (Domains represent statistically representative areas for which valid summary statistics can be calculated for a survey, such as provinces and national urban versus rural combined areas, as described in the survey's final report.) The DHS Program recommends using STRATA along with the variable PSU (V021) to account for the impact of the sample design clustering on the estimates of variance and standard errors. Users are strongly encouraged to review the FAQ section provided by The DHS Program on specifying stratification and clustering here [URL omitted from DDI.], using Stata or SPSS to account for sample design. STRATA (V022) is a 5-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific domain DOMAIN (V023) defines the basic geographic units for which the sample was designed to yield representative estimates. The DHS Recode Manual describes DOMAIN as follows: For example, if the sample was designed to be self-weighting within region, this variable would define those regions; if the sample was designed to be self-weighting within major urban areas, other urban areas and rural areas, this variable would define the major urban, other urban and rural areas. If the sample is self-weighted at the national level, this variable is code 0. When national estimates are desired, users should include survey design variables, including DOMAIN (V023) and PSU (V021), and the correct sample weights (e.g., PERWEIGHT (V005)) to adjust sampling errors to account for DHS' sample design. In most countries, DOMAIN defines the stratification for the sample (generally either regional or national). However, some countries use two levels of stratification, such as region and urban/rural areas. Users should check for the correct stratification design by consulting the Final Report(s) for the sample(s) of interest (particularly the Introduction and Sample Design sections and Implementation Appendix). DOMAIN is a 5-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Household number in cluster HHNUM (V002) is the number identifying the household in which the respondent was interviewed, within each sample. To identify unique households in most samples, researchers must use HHNUM with CLUSTERNO (V001). For most samples, HHNUM and CLUSTERNO can be used to merge IPUMS-DHS data from the women's file to DHS Household Recode files, to incorporate household variables not yet available in the IPUMS-DHS. However, in some household files, HHNUM and CLUSTERNO do not uniquely identify households in the DHS Household Recode file. For information about the IPUMS-DHS samples where HHNUM and CLUSTERNO are not sufficient to uniquely identify households, and for guidance on what further steps to take for linking files in such cases, please consult the User Note on Linking. [URL omitted from DDI.] HHNUM is a 4-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific cluster number CLUSTERNO (V001) reports the cluster number for the person's de facto residence. According to the DHS Sampling Manual, "A cluster is the smallest geographical survey statistical unit for DHS surveys. It consists of a number of adjacent households in a geographical area. For DHS surveys, a cluster corresponds either to an [enumeration area], or a segment of a large [enumeration area]." The most recent census for a country, which divided all territory into enumeration areas to ensure full coverage of the population, often provides the sampling frame for a DHS survey. CLUSTERNO is the variable indicating the primary sampling unit or PSU. It should be used along with the variable STRATA to account for the impact of the sample design clustering on the estimates of variance and standard errors. See the notes on DHS webpage "Use sample weights" [URL omitted from DDI.] on variance estimation for additional information. CLUSTERNO (V001) and HHNUM (V002) can be used to merge the women's individual recode file to the household recode file. See the DHS webpage Merging Datasets [URL omitted from DDI.] on variables to be used for linking data sets. CLUSTERNO is an 8 digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific ultimate area unit ULTAREAUNIT (V004) reports the ultimate area unit for the person's de facto residence. According to the DHS recode manuals, ULTAREAUNIT is a number assigned to each sample point to identify the ultimate area units in the collection of data. It is usually the same as the cluster number [CLUSTERNO (V001)], but may be a sequentially numbered variable for samples with a more complicated structure. ULTAREAUNIT can be used to account for the impact of the sampling design clustering on the variance estimates and standard errors. ULTAREAUNIT (V004) is a 4-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Household line number of woman respondent HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULE: We would like some information about people who usually live in your household or are staying with you now. 1. LINE NUMBER ____ LINENO (V003) reports the number of the line on which the DHS interviewer recorded the woman's name, when filling out the household schedule. After asking "Please give me the names of the persons who usually live in your household or are staying with you now, starting with the head of the household," the interviewer recorded each name in turn on successively numbered lines printed on the household survey form. 001 1 002 2 003 3 004 4 005 5 006 6 007 7 008 8 009 9 010 10 011 11 012 12 013 13 014 14 015 15 016 16 017 17 018 18 019 19 020 20 021 21 022 22 023 23 024 24 025 25 026 26 027 27 028 28 029 29 030 30 031 31 032 32 033 33 034 34 035 35 036 36 037 37 038 38 039 39 040 40 041 41 042 42 043 43 044 44 045 45 046 46 047 47 048 48 049 49 050 50 051 51 052 52 053 53 054 54 055 55 056 56 057 57 058 58 059 59 060 60 061 61 062 62 063 63 064 64 065 65 066 66 067 67 068 68 069 69 070 70 071 71 072 72 073 73 074 74 075 75 076 76 077 77 078 78 079 79 080 80 081 81 082 82 083 83 084 84 085 85 086 86 087 87 088 88 089 89 090 90 091 91 092 92 093 93 094 94 095 95 096 96 097 97 098 98 099 99 100 100 101 101 102 102 103 103 104 104 105 105 106 106 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Respondent's line number (answering Household questionnaire) HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULE: We would like some information about people who usually live in your household or are staying with you now. 1. LINE NUMBER ____ LINENOHHRESP (HV003) reports the line number in the household schedule of the person responding to the questions asked in the household questionnaire. If nobody in the household was available for the interview, this variable is coded "00." 00 Not in household 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 98 Missing Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample weight for persons PERWEIGHT (V005) is an 8-digit variable with 6 implied decimal places, which should be used as a weighting factor to produce representative numbers accurately describing the surveyed population. While the DHS Recode Manuals direct the researcher to divide the original weight variable by 1,000,000 before applying the weighting factor to the original DHS data files, it is not necessary to modify the value of PERWEIGHT before applying this weight to cases in IPUMS-DHS. PERWEIGHT should be used to weight nearly all tabulations made using IPUMS-DHS data. Occasionally, as with the domestic violence variables, a subset of respondents are randomly selected to answer questions from a survey module, and a specialized weight such as DVWEIGHT should be used instead. Note: The 6 implied decimal places in PERWEIGHT mean that the last six digits of the eight-digit variable are decimal digits, but there is no actual decimal in the data. PERWEIGHT is an 8-digit numeric variable with 6 implied decimal places. See the variable description for directions on the use of PERWEIGHT. Weights and subsample selection Variables -- TOPICS All woman factor for total population AWFACTT is a 5-digit variable (in IPUMS-DHS) with 2 implied decimal places that is used to create total population estimates for all women of childbearing age, for those samples interviewing only ever-married women. A post from DHS senior staff member Tom Pullum on the DHS Users Forum explains, The all-woman factors are needed when you are trying to estimate something for all women, but you have to work with ever-married women because that's all you have in the sample. An example is when you want to estimate a fertility rate for all women but you only have the births and exposure for ever-married women. You have to assume that (a) never-married women have no births and (b) awfact/100 is a multiplier to inflate exposure for ever-married women to exposure for all women. For surveys that used a sampling frame of all women of childbearing age, AWFACTT has a value of 100 (or 1.00, with two decimal places), and thus has no effect on the survey statistics when used as a multiplier. For samples that included only ever-married women, AWFACTT serves as a multiplier to create total population figures for all women of childbearing age, following the assumptions noted above. The width of AWFACTT ranges from a low of 3 to a high of 5 in the original DHS files; see Comparability for further discussion. AWFACTT is a 5-digit numeric variable with 2 implied decimal places. See the variable description for directions on the use of AWFACTT. Weights and subsample selection Variables -- TOPICS Year of interview INTYEAR (V007) reports the year the interview took place. The dates reported in INTYEAR are based on the Gregorian calendar. Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Month of interview MONTHINT (V006) reports the month when the interview took place. 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Day of interview INTDAY (V016) reports the day of the month on which the interview took place. INTDAY uses dates expressed in the Gregorian calendar. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Century month date of interview INTDATECMC (V008) reports century month code for the date on which the interview took place. Century month codes (CMC) are particularly useful for checking the consistency of dates, calculating intervals between events, and imputing dates when the information for an event is missing or partially complete. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC minus ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006). [URL omitted from DDI.]. The century month codes reported in INTDATECMC are calculated using the Gregorian calculator. INTDATECMC (V008) is a 4-digit variable. Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Century month code (CMC) for start of survey INTSTARTCMC reports the century month code (CMC) for the first month the survey was fielded, according to the DHS Program website. The contextual variables in IPUMS DHS use the month in INTSTARTCMC as the month of the survey start date. The related variable INTENDCMC reports the century month code for the last month the survey was fielded, according to the DHS Program website. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006). [URL omitted from DDI.]. The century month codes reported in INTSTARTCMC are calculated using the Gregorian calculator. 1415 1415 1414 1414 1399 1399 1397 1397 1408 1408 1402 1402 1398 1398 1393 1393 1392 1392 1391 1391 1390 1390 1388 1388 1387 1387 1386 1386 1381 1381 1379 1379 1378 1378 1377 1377 1374 1374 1373 1373 1372 1372 1369 1369 1365 1365 1364 1364 1361 1361 1358 1358 1355 1355 1354 1354 1353 1353 1350 1350 1346 1346 1344 1344 1339 1339 1338 1338 1333 1333 1332 1332 1330 1330 1329 1329 1328 1328 1327 1327 1326 1326 1325 1325 1320 1320 1318 1318 1307 1307 1305 1305 1302 1302 1299 1299 1296 1296 1290 1290 1288 1288 1287 1287 1285 1285 1283 1283 1281 1281 1280 1280 1277 1277 1274 1274 1273 1273 1271 1271 1269 1269 1268 1268 1264 1264 1262 1262 1258 1258 1257 1257 1255 1255 1250 1250 1249 1249 1248 1248 1247 1247 1246 1246 1244 1244 1243 1243 1242 1242 1241 1241 1240 1240 1239 1239 1231 1231 1223 1223 1220 1220 1213 1213 1209 1209 1207 1207 1206 1206 1202 1202 1199 1199 1197 1197 1193 1193 1191 1191 1187 1187 1185 1185 1184 1184 1179 1179 1178 1178 1177 1177 1173 1173 1170 1170 1167 1167 1165 1165 1164 1164 1163 1163 1160 1160 1159 1159 1158 1158 1153 1153 1151 1151 1143 1143 1135 1135 1134 1134 1127 1127 1125 1125 1124 1124 1118 1118 1116 1116 1115 1115 1113 1113 1111 1111 1110 1110 1109 1109 1108 1108 1107 1107 1105 1105 1103 1103 1102 1102 1096 1096 1092 1092 1090 1090 1084 1084 1079 1079 1068 1068 1066 1066 1065 1065 1062 1062 1058 1058 1049 1049 1047 1047 1036 1036 Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Century month code (CMC) for end of survey INTENDCMC reports the century month code (CMC) for the last month the survey was fielded, according to the DHS Program website. The related variable INTSTARTCMC reports the century month code for the first month the survey was fielded, according to the DHS Program website. The contextual variables in IPUMS DHS use the month in INTSTARTCMC as the month of the survey start date. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006). [URL omitted from DDI.]. The century month codes reported in INTENDCMC are calculated using the Gregorian calculator. 1418 1418 1417 1417 1403 1403 1420 1420 1039 1039 1051 1051 1052 1052 1062 1062 1066 1066 1069 1069 1070 1070 1073 1073 1085 1085 1090 1090 1092 1092 1097 1097 1101 1101 1105 1105 1107 1107 1108 1108 1109 1109 1110 1110 1114 1114 1115 1115 1118 1118 1119 1119 1124 1124 1125 1125 1126 1126 1130 1130 1131 1131 1139 1139 1148 1148 1153 1153 1157 1157 1158 1158 1160 1160 1163 1163 1165 1165 1167 1167 1168 1168 1171 1171 1174 1174 1176 1176 1182 1182 1183 1183 1185 1185 1187 1187 1190 1190 1191 1191 1193 1193 1195 1195 1199 1199 1200 1200 1203 1203 1204 1204 1205 1205 1207 1207 1208 1208 1211 1211 1212 1212 1215 1215 1217 1217 1218 1218 1223 1223 1229 1229 1233 1233 1242 1242 1244 1244 1245 1245 1246 1246 1247 1247 1249 1249 1250 1250 1251 1251 1253 1253 1256 1256 1261 1261 1262 1262 1265 1265 1266 1266 1267 1267 1268 1268 1272 1272 1274 1274 1275 1275 1276 1276 1277 1277 1280 1280 1282 1282 1283 1283 1284 1284 1286 1286 1287 1287 1292 1292 1294 1294 1295 1295 1300 1300 1302 1302 1306 1306 1307 1307 1310 1310 1316 1316 1320 1320 1321 1321 1325 1325 1331 1331 1333 1333 1335 1335 1336 1336 1337 1337 1338 1338 1340 1340 1343 1343 1344 1344 1347 1347 1349 1349 1350 1350 1354 1354 1356 1356 1358 1358 1360 1360 1362 1362 1365 1365 1367 1367 1370 1370 1372 1372 1374 1374 1378 1378 1379 1379 1380 1380 1384 1384 1390 1390 1392 1392 1394 1394 1398 1398 1399 1399 1402 1402 1404 1404 1405 1405 1406 1406 1416 1416 Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Time interview started (hhmm - 24 hour clock) SECTION 1. SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE RESPONDENTS 101. RECORD THE TIME. HOUR _____ MINUTES ______ INTSTART (V801) reports the time of the start of the interview. The first two digits give the time in hours using the 24-hour clock, and the last two digits give the minutes within that hour. For example, a code of "1349" indicates the interview began at 1:49 P.M. 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Time interview ended (hhmm - 24 hour clock) [GO TO NEXT COLUMN. IF NO MORE BROTHERS OR SISTERS, GO TO 916] 916. RECORD THE TIME. HOURS ____ MINUTES ____ INTEND (V802) reports the time of the end of the interview. The first two digits give the time in hours using the 24-hour clock, and the last two digits give the minutes within that hour. For example, a code of "1349" indicates the interview ended at 1:49 P.M. 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Length of interview (minutes) [GO TO NEXT COLUMN. IF NO MORE BROTHERS OR SISTERS, GO TO 916] 916. RECORD THE TIME. HOURS ____ MINUTES ____ INTDURATION (V803) reports the duration of the female interview (in minutes). The duration is top-coded at 95 minutes. Interviews that required more than one visit (INTVISITNO (V804) are coded as "96" for "2+ visits." INTDURATION is calculated based on the interview's start and end times in INTSTART (V801) and INTEND (V802). 00 0 minutes 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 83 84 84 85 85 86 86 87 87 88 88 89 89 90 90 91 91 92 92 93 93 94 94 95 95+ 96 2+ visits 97 Inconsistent 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Number of visits for the interview TOTAL NUMBER OF VISITS _____ INTVISITNO (V804) reports the number of visits required to complete the female interview. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Result of individual interview RESULT ____ 1 COMPLETED 2 NOT AT HOME 3 DEFERRED 4 REFUSED 5 PARTIALLY COMPLETED 6 INCAPACITATED 7 OTHER (SPECIFY) INTRESULT (V015) reports the result of the individual interview. Code 1 represents a completed interview. Only completed interview cases are included in the DHS women's individual recode files, which provide the source material for IPUMS-DHS. 7 Other 6 Respondent Incapacitated 5 Partly completed 4 Refused 3 Postponed 2 Not at home 1 Completed General technical Variables -- TOPICS Ever-married or all-women sample EVMARALLSAMP (V020) indicates whether the sample includes only ever-married women or includes all women of childbearing age. 1 All women sample 2 Ever-married women sample General technical Variables -- TOPICS Identification number of interviewer, women's survey INTERVIEWER VISITS INTERVIEW ONE (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD INTERVIEWS) DATE ____ INTERVIEWER'S NAME ____ INTERVIEWERIDIR (V028) reports the interviewer identification code for the interviewer conducting the individual women's interviews for women of childbearing age. Codes are country- and sample-specific; a given numeric code in one survey refers to a different person than the same numeric code in another survey. Numbering of interviewer codes is not necessarily consecutive; some surveys use "0" as an identification code, for example, while others begin with a 3-digit number. Using the interviewer identification codes, researchers can evaluate whether the quality of responses (e.g., the number of "missing" cases) depended on the person conducting the interview. General technical Variables -- TOPICS Identification number of interviewer, household survey INTERVIEWER VISITS DATE ___ INTERVIEWER'S NAME ____ RESULT____ 1 COMPLETED 2 NO HOUSEHOLD MEMBER AT HOME OR NO COMPETENT PERSON AT HOME AT TIME OF VISIT 3 ENTIRE HOUSEHOLD ABSENT FOR AN EXTENDED PERIOD 4 POSTPONED 5 REFUSED 6 DWELLING VACANT OR ADDRESS NOT A DWELLING 7 DWELLING DESTROYED 8 DWELLING NOT FOUND 9 OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________________ INTERVIEWERIDHH (HV018) reports the interviewer identification code for the interviewer conducting the household survey. Codes are country- and sample-specific; a given numeric code in one survey refers to a different person than the same numeric code in another survey. Numbering of interviewer codes is not necessarily consecutive; some surveys use "0" as an identification code, for example, while others begin with a 3-digit number. Using the interviewer identification codes, researchers can evaluate whether the quality of responses (e.g., the number of "missing" cases) depended on the person conducting the interview. General technical Variables -- TOPICS Urban-rural status URBAN (V025) indicates whether the person's de facto residence was in an urban or rural location. The definition of urban varies across countries. See Comparability. 2 Rural 1 Urban Geography, general Variables -- TOPICS De facto place of residence DEFACTORES (V026) reports the type of place--city, town, or countryside--where the person was interviewed. 10 City 11 Capital or other large city 12 Other city 20 Town or countryside 21 Town 22 Countryside Geography, general Variables -- TOPICS Years lived in place of residence 103. How long have you been living continuously in (NAME OF CURRENT PLACE OF RESIDENCE)? YEARS ____ ALWAYS 95 (GO TO 105) VISITOR 96 (GO TO 105) RESIDEINTYR (V104) reports the number of years the woman had been living continuously in the village, town, or city where she was interviewed. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 95 Always 96 Visitor 97 Inconsistent 98 Missing Migration Variables -- TOPICS Madagascar regions, 1992-2008 [integrated; GIS] IDENTIFICATION PLACE NAME ____ NAME OF HOUSEHOLD HEAD ____ CLUSTER NUMBER ____ HOUSEHOLD UNIT NUMBER ____ REGION (FARITANY) ____ GEO_ MG1992_2008 indicates the region of Madagascar where the respondent was interviewed. The variable is integrated to yield units with consistent boundaries across samples. Labels identify the modern geographic units (autonomous provinces) contained in each integrated region. Each sample also has its own non-integrated geography variable. The 2008 Madagascar sample has greater geographic detail available in its sample-specific variable. An integrated GIS map (in shapefile format) for Madagascar can be downloaded here [URL omitted from DDI.]. 7 Diana, Sava (Antsiranana) 5 Atsimo Andrefana, Androy, Anosy, Menabe (Toliary) 4 Boeny, Sofia, Betsiboka, Melaky (Mahajanga) 3 Atsinanana, Analanjirofo, Alaotra Mangoro (Toamasina) 2 Haute Matsiatra, Anamoroni'i Mania, Vatovavy Fitovinany, Ihorombe, Atsimo Atsinanana (Fianarantsoa) 1 Analamanga, Vakinankaratra, Itasy, Bongolava (Antananarivo) Integrated geography Variables -- TOPICS Madagascar regions, 1997 [GIS] IDENTIFICATION PLACE NAME ____ NAME OF HOUSEHOLD HEAD ____ CLUSTER NUMBER ____ HOUSEHOLD UNIT NUMBER ____ REGION (FARITANY) ____ GEO_MG1997 (V101_MG1997) indicates the region of Madagascar where the respondent was interviewed. DHS units in the 1997 Madagascar survey are equivalent to autonomous provinces. Other sample years have their own sample-specific geography variables. There is also an integrated variable, GEO_MG1992_2008, that provides spatially consistent units over time. A GIS map for GEO_MG1997 (in shapefile format) can be downloaded from the DHS Program Spatial Data Repository [URL omitted from DDI.] Boundaries page. 6 Antsiranana 5 Toliary 4 Mahajanga 3 Toamasina 2 Fianarantsoa 1 Antananarivo Single sample geography Variables -- TOPICS Age 106. How old were you at your last birthday? COMPARE AND CORRECT 105 AND/OR 106 IF INCONSISTENT. AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS _______ AGE (V012) reports the woman's age. DHS surveys collect information about the woman's age through questions about age at last birthday and date of birth. DHS Recode Manuals provide the following information about how the AGE variable is calculated: Current age in completed years is calculated from the century month code of the date of birth of the respondent (V011) and the century month code of the date of interview (V008). In a few cases the age in the data file will be different from that reported by the respondent when the respondent's birthday was in the month of interview, but she had not yet had her birthday. If the respondent correctly reported her age at her last birthday (and not her age at her next birthday) then the calculated age was rounded up from the reported age, to avoid inconsistencies between the age and the century month code for the birth. 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Age in 5 year groups 106. How old were you at your last birthday? COMPARE AND CORRECT 105 AND/OR 106 IF INCONSISTENT. AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS _______ AGE5YEAR (V013) reports the woman's age in 5-year groups, based on data from the AGE (V012) variable. The age range of women interviewed varies across samples. See Comparability. 10 10 to 14 11 10 to 14 12 12 to 14 13 13 to 14 20 15-19 30 20-24 40 25-29 50 30-34 60 35-39 70 40-44 80 45-49 90 50+ 91 50-54 92 55-59 93 60-64 Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Woman's month of birth 105. In what month and year were you born? MONTH ____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ____ DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 9998 BIRTHMO (V009) reports the woman's month of birth. 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Woman's year of birth 105. In what month and year were you born? MONTH ____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ____ DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 9998 BIRTHYEAR (V010) reports the woman's year of birth. 1995 1995 1994 1994 1993 1993 1992 1992 1991 1991 1990 1990 1989 1989 1988 1988 1987 1987 1986 1986 1985 1985 1984 1984 1983 1983 1982 1982 1981 1981 1980 1980 1979 1979 1978 1978 1977 1977 1976 1976 1975 1975 1974 1974 1973 1973 1972 1972 1971 1971 1970 1970 1969 1969 1968 1968 1967 1967 1966 1966 1965 1965 1964 1964 1963 1963 1962 1962 1961 1961 1960 1960 1959 1959 1958 1958 1957 1957 1956 1956 1955 1955 1954 1954 1953 1953 1952 1952 1951 1951 1950 1950 1949 1949 1948 1948 1947 1947 1946 1946 1945 1945 1944 1944 1943 1943 1942 1942 1941 1941 1940 1940 1939 1939 1938 1938 1937 1937 1936 1936 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Respondent's date of birth, in century months 105. In what month and year were you born? MONTH ____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ____ DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 9998 DOBCMC (V011) reports the century month code (CMC) for the woman's date of birth. Century month codes (CMC) are particularly useful for checking the consistency of dates, calculating intervals between events, and imputing dates when the information for an event is missing or partially complete. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006) [URL omitted from DDI.]. DOBCMC (V011) is a 4-digit variable. Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Information given on respondent's date of birth 105. In what month and year were you born? MONTH ____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ____ DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 9998 DOBINFORESP (V014) reports the completeness of information about the respondent's age and date of birth. A code of 0 indicates the month and the year were reported, and no data were imputed. 1 Month and year 2 Month and age, year imputed 3 Year and age, month imputed 4 Year and age, year ignored 5 Year only, age and month imputed 6 Age only, year and month imputed 7 Month only, age and year imputed 8 Season and year 9 None reported, all imputed Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Usual resident or visitor 4. RESIDENCE: Does (NAME) usually live here? YES 1 NO 2 RESIDENT (V135) indicates whether the woman was a usual resident of the household or was just visiting there. As defined by the RESIDENT variable, a visitor could potentially reside in the city, town, or village where the interview took place but would have answered "No" to the question, "Does (NAME) usually live here [in this dwelling unit]?" on the household questionnaire. 1 Usual resident 2 Visitor 8 Missing Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Respondent's relationship to HH head 3. RELATIONSHIP TO HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD: What is the relationship of (NAME) to the head of the household? 01 HEAD 02 HUSBAND OR WIFE 03 SON OR DAUGHTER 04 SON-IN-LAW OR DAUGHTER-IN-LAW 05 GRANDCHILD 06 PARENT 07 PARENT-IN-LAW 08 BROTHER OR SISTER 09 NIECE/NEPHEW BY BLOOD 10 NIECE/NEPHEW BY MARRIAGE 11 OTHER RELATIVE 12 ADOPTED/FOSTER/STEPCHILD 13 NOT RELATED 14 DOESN'T KNOW RELATE (V150) reports the woman's relationship to the head of the household, based on a question in the household questionnaire. 01 Head 02 Wife 03 Daughter or son 04 Daughter- or son-in-law 05 Grandchild 06 Mother or father 07 Parent-in-law 08 Sister or brother 09 Co-spouse 10 Adopted/foster/step child 11 Adopted/foster child 12 Stepchild 20 Other relative 21 Niece or nephew by blood 22 Niece or nephew by marriage 23 Niece or nephew unspecified 24 Sibling-in-law 25 Aunt or uncle 26 Grandparent 30 Nonrelative 31 Domestic servant/employee 32 Herdboy 97 Don't know 98 Missing Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Currently pregnant 227. Are you pregnant now? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 236) UNSURE 8 (GO TO 236) PREGNANT (V213) indicates whether the respondent is currently pregnant. 0 No/unsure 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Duration of current pregnancy 228. How many months pregnant are you? RECORD NUMBER OF COMPLETED MONTHS. MONTHS ____ For currently pregnant women, DURCURPREG (V214) reports the imputed duration of the woman's current pregnancy. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Religion 118. What is your religion? CATHOLIC 1 PROTESTANT 2 MUSLIM 3 TRADITIONAL 4 NOT RELIGIOUS 5 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ 6 RELIGION (V130) reports the respondent's religion. While the categories and codes for the religion variable in the original DHS files are country-specific, IPUMS-DHS uses a 4-digit composite coding system to fit these diverse categories into a single variable without losing information. Â See Comparability. 0000 NO RELIGION 1000 MUSLIM 2000 CHRISTIAN 2100 Catholic 2200 Orthodox 2300 Protestant 2310 Lutheran 2320 Anglican 2330 Presbyterian 2340 Baptist/Seventh-day Adventist 2341 Baptist 2342 Seventh-day Adventist 2350 Apostolic 2360 Salvation Army 2370 Methodist 2380 Pentacostal-based 2381 Pentacostal 2382 Celestial Church of Christ 2383 Universal 2384 Assemblies of God 2390 Other Protestant 2391 Evangelical 2392 Lesotho Evangelical Church 2393 Kimbanguist (Congo, Democratic Republic) 2400 Nontrinitarian 2410 Jehovah's Witness 2900 Other Christian, country-specific 2901 African Zionist (Mozambique) 2902 Mammon (Uganda) 3000 BUDDHIST/NEO-BUDDHIST 3100 Buddhist 4000 HINDU 5000 JEWISH 6000 TRADITIONAL/SPIRITUAL/ANIMIST 6100 Traditional 6200 Spiritual 6300 Animist 6400 Specified Traditional 6401 Donyi-Polo 6402 Sanamahi 6403 Vodun 7000 OTHER (SPECIFIED) 7100 Baha'i 7200 Sikh 7300 Zoroastrian 7400 Jain 7900 Country-specific other 7901 Sect (Burundi) 7902 Bundu dia Kongo (Congo, Democratic Republic) 7903 Vuvamu (Congo, Democratic Republic) 7904 Kirat Mundhum (Nepal) 9000 OTHER 9001 Religion 1 9002 Religion 2 9003 Religion 3 9004 Religion 4 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Ethnicity and religion Variables -- TOPICS Woman's current marital or union status 502. Are you currently married or living with a man as if married? YES, CURRENTLY MARRIED 1 (GO TO 507) YES, LIVING WITH A MAN 2 (GO TO 507) NO, NOT IN UNION 3 MARSTAT (V501) reports the woman's current marital status. Response categories and question wording vary across surveys. See Comparability. 10 Never married 20 Married or living together 21 Married 22 Living together 30 Formerly in union 31 Widowed 32 Divorced 33 Separated/not living together 98 Missing 11 Unconsummated marriage 34 Deserted Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Ever been married 504. Have you ever been married or lived with a man as if married? YES, FORMERLY MARRIED 1 YES, LIVED WITH A MAN 2 (GO TO 511) NO 3 (GO TO 515) For women who are not currently married or living with a man, EVERMARRIED (V535) reports the woman's relationship history as "No [never married/in union]," "Formerly married," or "Lived with a man." 00 No 10 Formerly married 11 Formerly married with certificate 12 Formerly married by custom 20 Lived with a man 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Woman never, currently, or formerly married 502. Are you currently married or living with a man as if married? YES, CURRENTLY MARRIED 1 (GO TO 507) YES, LIVING WITH A MAN 2 (GO TO 507) NO, NOT IN UNION 3 CURRMARR (V502) reports the woman's marital/union status as "Never married," "Currently married," or "Formerly married." "Never married" includes women who have never lived with a partner. "Currently married" includes women who are married and those who are not formally married but are living with a partner. "Formerly married" includes women who are widowed, divorced, or separated, or who have formerly lived with a partner. For samples restricted to ever-married women, only women who are formally married (not cohabiting) are included as "married." 0 Never married 1 Currently married 2 Formerly married 8 Missing Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Woman had one or more than one union 511. Have you been married or lived with a man only once or more than once? ONLY ONCE 1 MORE THAN ONCE 2 For women who had ever been married or lived with a man, UNION1MORE (V503) indicates whether the respondent had been in one or more than one marriage/union. 0 One 1 More than one 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Age at first marriage or cohabitation 513. How old were you when you first started living with him? AGE ____ AGEFRSTMAR (V511) reports the woman's age at the start of her first marriage or union. This usually refers to when the woman first started to live with her first husband or partner. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, "Age at start of first marriage or union is calculated from the century month code of the date of start of first marriage or union and the century month code of the date of birth of the respondent." 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 96 Marriage not consummated 97 Inconsistent 98 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Age of husband/partner 702. How old was your husband/partner on his last birthday? AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS ____ HUSAGE (V730) reports the age of the woman's husband or co-resident partner. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Missing 97 Don't know 96 Inconsistent 95 95+ 94 94 93 93 92 92 91 91 90 90 89 89 88 88 87 87 86 86 85 85 84 84 83 83 82 82 81 81 80 80 79 79 78 78 77 77 76 76 75 75 74 74 73 73 72 72 71 71 70 70 69 69 68 68 67 67 66 66 65 65 64 64 63 63 62 62 61 61 60 60 59 59 58 58 57 57 56 56 55 55 54 54 53 53 52 52 51 51 50 50 49 49 48 48 47 47 46 46 45 45 44 44 43 43 42 42 41 41 40 40 39 39 38 38 37 37 36 36 35 35 34 34 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Marital or cohabitation duration (grouped) 512. CHECK 511: MARRIED/LIVED WITH A MAN ONLY ONCE In what month and year did you start living with your husband/partner? MARRIED/LIVED WITH A MAN MORE THAN ONCE Now we are going to talk about your first husband/partner. In what month and year did you start living with him? MONTH ____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ____ (GO TO 515) DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 9998 DURMARGRP (V513) reports the number of years elapsed since the woman's first marriage or cohabiting union until the date of the survey interview, in five-year groups. The duration is reported irrespective of whether the respondent is still married or in a union with her first partner. 00 Never married 01 0 to 4 02 5 to 9 03 10 to 14 04 15 to 19 05 20 to 24 06 25 to 29 07 30+ 96 Marriage not consummated 98 Missing Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Month of first marriage or cohabitation 512. CHECK 511: MARRIED/LIVED WITH A MAN ONLY ONCE In what month and year did you start living with your husband/partner? MARRIED/LIVED WITH A MAN MORE THAN ONCE Now we are going to talk about your first husband/partner. In what month and year did you start living with him? MONTH ____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ____ (GO TO 515) DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 9998 For women who had ever been married or lived with a man, MAR1STMO (V507) reports the month of their first marriage or (for most samples) unmarried cohabitation. The year of the woman's first marriage/union is reported in MAR1STYR (V508). 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Marriage not consummated 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Year of first marriage or cohabitation 512. CHECK 511: MARRIED/LIVED WITH A MAN ONLY ONCE In what month and year did you start living with your husband/partner? MARRIED/LIVED WITH A MAN MORE THAN ONCE Now we are going to talk about your first husband/partner. In what month and year did you start living with him? MONTH ____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ____ (GO TO 515) DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 9998 For women who had ever been married or lived with a man, MAR1STYR (V508) reports the year of their first marriage or (for most samples) unmarried cohabitation. The month of the woman's first marriage/union is reported in MAR1STMO (V507). 1943 1943 1944 1944 1945 1945 1946 1946 1947 1947 1948 1948 1949 1949 1950 1950 1951 1951 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 2017 2017 2018 2018 9996 Marriage not consummated 9997 Inconsistent 9998 Don't know 9999 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Years since starting date of 1st marriage or union 512. CHECK 511: MARRIED/LIVED WITH A MAN ONLY ONCE In what month and year did you start living with your husband/partner? MARRIED/LIVED WITH A MAN MORE THAN ONCE Now we are going to talk about your first husband/partner. In what month and year did you start living with him? MONTH ____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ____ (GO TO 515) DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 9998 For women who had ever been married or lived with a man, YRSTO1STMAR (V512) reports the number of years from the start of the woman's first marriage/union to the date of the survey interview. The calculation is made using century month codes for both dates. For the month and year of first marriage/union, see MAR1STMO (V507) and MAR1STYR (V508) respectively. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 98 Marriage not consummated 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Date of first marriage or cohabitation (CMC) 512. CHECK 511: MARRIED/LIVED WITH A MAN ONLY ONCE In what month and year did you start living with your husband/partner? MARRIED/LIVED WITH A MAN MORE THAN ONCE Now we are going to talk about your first husband/partner. In what month and year did you start living with him? MONTH ____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ____ (GO TO 515) DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 9998 MAR1STCMC (V509) reports the century month code (CMC) for the date of the woman's first marriage or cohabitation. Century month codes (CMC) are particularly useful checking the consistency of dates, calculating intervals between events, and imputing dates when the information for an event is missing or partially complete. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006) [URL omitted from DDI.]. 9996 Not consummated 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information, date of first marriage/union 512. CHECK 511: MARRIED/LIVED WITH A MAN ONLY ONCE In what month and year did you start living with your husband/partner? MARRIED/LIVED WITH A MAN MORE THAN ONCE Now we are going to talk about your first husband/partner. In what month and year did you start living with him? MONTH ____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ____ (GO TO 515) DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 9998 MAR1STDATINFO (V510) reports the completeness of information for the date of the woman's first marriage or cohabitation. See Comparability. 01 Month and year reported 02 Month and age reported, year imputed 03 Year and age reported, month imputed 05 Year reported, age and month imputed 06 Age reported, year and month imputed 08 Month reported, age and year imputed 09 Year and age reported, year ignored 10 Season and year reported 11 All values imputed 99 NIU (not in universe) 12 All reported, inconsistent Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Months between respondent's 1st marriage and 1st birth 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ MARTO1STBORNMO (V221) reports the number of months between the woman's first marriage (i.e., formal marriage or first episode of living with a man) and her first birth. For women whose first birth occurred before their first marriage, this variable is coded as '998.' 998 First birth prior to first marriage 999 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Number of other wives 509. How many other wives or partners does your husband have? NUMBER ______ DOESN'T KNOW 98 (GO TO 511) For women who were currently married or living with a man, WIFENUM (V505) reports the number of other wives (or co-resident partners) their husband/partner had. Question wording varied across samples. See Comparability. 00 No other wives 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 96 Has other wives, dk number 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Wife rank number 510. Are you the first, second, ... wife? RANK _____ For women married to or living with a man who had more than one wife/partner, WIFERANK (V506) reports the woman's rank among her husband's/partner's wives/partners. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Husband/partner lives in woman's household 507. Is your husband/partner living with you now or is he staying elsewhere? LIVING WITH HER 1 STAYING ELSEWHERE 2 For women who were currently married or living with a man, HUSBINHOME (V504) indicates whether the husband/partner lived with the woman or stayed elsewhere. 0 Living with woman 1 Staying elsewhere 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Total children ever born 209. CHECK 208: Just to make sure that I have this right: you have had in total _____ births during your life. Is that correct? YES (GO TO 210) NO (PROBE AND CORRECT 201-208 AS NECESSARY) CHEB (V201) reports the total number of children ever born to the respondent. The number reported in CHEB is the sum of a series of variables covering the total number of sons and daughters who are living at home, living away from home, or who have died (V202 to V207). The number of births reported in CHEB will match the number of entries in the birth history (V224) for up to 20 births. If the woman reported more than 20 births, then the number for CHEB will exceed the number of births in the birth history, but such cases are rare. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 98 Missing 99 NIU (Not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of entries in the birth history Now I would like to record the names of all your births, whether still alive or not, starting with the first one you had. 211. RECORD NAMES OF ALL THE BIRTHS IN 212. RECORD TWINS ON SEPARATE LINES. TOTBIRTHIST (V224) reports the number of entries in the woman respondent's birth history. For up to 20 births, the birth history contains information for each of the respondent's births. In those rare cases when the respondent had more than 20 births, the birth history lists the last 19 births and the first birth. In cases where the women had fewer than 20 births, the number reported in TOTBIRTHIST will match the number reported in CHEB (V201), the total number of children ever born to the respondent. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of own sons living at home 203. How many sons live with you? And how many daughters live with you? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. SONS AT HOME ______ DAUGHTERS AT HOME ________ SONSATHOME (V202) reports the number of sons to whom the woman has given birth who are currently living with her. The related variable SONSAWAYHOME (V204) reports the number of sons to whom the woman has given birth and are still alive, but who are not currently living with her. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of own daughters living at home 203. How many sons live with you? And how many daughters live with you? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. SONS AT HOME ______ DAUGHTERS AT HOME ________ DAUSATHOME (V203) reports the number of daughters to whom the woman has given birth who are currently living with her. The related variable DAUSAWAYHOME (V205) reports the number of daughters to whom the woman has given birth and are still alive, but who are not currently living with her. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of own sons living away from home 205. How many sons are alive but do not live with you? And how many daughters are alive but do not live with you? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. SONS ELSEWHERE ______ DAUGHTERS ELSEWHERE ______ SONSAWAYHOME (V204) reports the number of sons to whom the woman has given birth who are still alive, but who are not currently living with her. The related variable SONSATHOME (V202) reports the number of sons to whom the woman has given birth who are still alive, and who are currently living with her. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of own daughters living away from home 205. How many sons are alive but do not live with you? And how many daughters are alive but do not live with you? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. SONS ELSEWHERE ______ DAUGHTERS ELSEWHERE ______ DAUSAWAYHOME (V205) reports the number of daughters to whom the woman has given birth who are still alive, but who are not currently living with her. The related variable DAUSATHOME (V203) reports the number of daughters to whom the woman has given birth who are still alive, and who are currently living with her. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of own sons who have died 207. How many boys have died? And how many girls have died? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. BOYS DEAD ______ GIRLS DEAD _____ SONSDIED (V206) reports the number of sons to whom the woman has given birth who have died. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of own daughters who have died 207. How many boys have died? And how many girls have died? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. BOYS DEAD ______ GIRLS DEAD _____ DAUSDIED (V207) reports the number of daughters to whom the woman has given birth who have died. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of births in last 5 years 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ BIRTHSIN5YRS (V208) reports the number of births the woman had in the five years prior to the survey. This statistic is calculated based on the total number of births in the 0 to 59 months prior to the month of the interview. 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 8 7 7 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of births in the past year 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ BIRTHSIN1YR (V209) reports the number of births the woman had in the year prior to the survey. This statistic is calculated based on the total number of births in the months 0 to 12 (not 0 to 11) prior to the month of the interview. For example, if the survey were given in January, BIRTHSIN1YR would report the number of births the woman had between the time of the survey and the previous January. 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Total number of births in month of interview 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ BIRTHSIN1MO (V210) reports the total number of births the woman had in the month of interview. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Date of respondent's first birth, in century months 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ DOB1STKIDCMC (V211) reports the century month code (CMC) for the date of the woman's first birth. The Guide to DHS Statistics (2003) explains the use and calculation of CMC values as follows: Century month codes (CMC) are particularly important to check consistency of dates, to calculate intervals between events, and to impute dates when the information for an event is missing or partially complete. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. That year was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 will be: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed since January 1900 to June 2002. Based on CMC it is possible to calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Time since woman's last menstrual period 236. When did your last menstrual period start? RECORD THE DATE IF IT IS GIVEN. DATE _____ NUMBER OF DAYS 1 _____ NUMBER OF WEEKS 2 _____ NUMBER OF MONTHS 3 _____ NUMBER OF YEARS 4 _____ IN MENOPAUSE 994 BEFORE LAST BIRTH 995 NEVER HAD PERIOD 996 TIMEMENSTRUATE (V215) reports the time passed since the woman's last menstrual period, in days, weeks, months, or years. 100 Day of Interview 101 Days: 1 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 131 31 days 132 32 days 133 33 days 134 34 days 135 35 days 136 36 days 137 37 days 138 38 days 139 39 days 140 40 days 141 41 days 142 42 days 143 43 days 144 44 days 145 45 days 146 46 days 147 47 days 148 48 days 149 49 days 150 50 days 151 51 days 152 52 days 153 53 days 154 54 days 155 55 days 156 56 days 157 57 days 158 58 days 159 59 days 160 60 days 161 61 days 162 62 days 163 63 days 164 64 days 165 65 days 166 66 days 167 67 days 168 68 days 169 69 days 170 70 days 171 71 days 172 72 days 173 73 days 174 74 days 175 75 days 176 76 days 177 77 days 178 78 days 179 79 days 180 80 days 181 81 days 182 82 days 183 83 days 184 84 days 185 85 days 186 86 days 187 87 days 188 88 days 189 89 days 190 90 days 191 91 days 192 92 days 193 93 days 194 94 days 195 95 days 196 96 days 197 97 days 198 98 days 199 Days: Number missing 200 Weeks 201 201 Weeks: 1 202 2 weeks 203 3 weeks 204 4 weeks 205 5 weeks 206 6 weeks 207 7 weeks 208 8 weeks 209 9 weeks 210 10 weeks 211 11 weeks 212 12 weeks 213 13 weeks 214 14 weeks 215 15 weeks 216 16 weeks 217 17 weeks 218 18 weeks 219 19 weeks 220 20 weeks 221 21 weeks 222 22 weeks 223 23 weeks 224 24 weeks 225 25 weeks 226 26 weeks 227 27 weeks 228 28 weeks 229 29 weeks 230 30 weeks 231 31 weeks 232 32 weeks 233 33 weeks 234 34 weeks 235 35 weeks 236 36 weeks 237 37 weeks 238 38 weeks 239 39 weeks 240 40 weeks 241 41 weeks 242 42 weeks 243 43 weeks 244 44 weeks 245 45 weeks 246 46 weeks 247 47 weeks 248 48 weeks 249 49 weeks 250 50 weeks 251 51 weeks 252 52 weeks 253 53 weeks 254 54 weeks 255 55 weeks 256 56 weeks 257 57 weeks 258 58 weeks 259 59 weeks 260 60 weeks 261 61 weeks 262 62 weeks 263 63 weeks 264 64 weeks 265 65 weeks 266 66 weeks 267 67 weeks 268 68 weeks 269 69 weeks 270 70 weeks 271 71 weeks 272 72 weeks 273 73 weeks 274 74 weeks 275 75 weeks 276 76 weeks 277 77 weeks 278 78 weeks 279 79 weeks 280 80 weeks 281 81 weeks 282 82 weeks 283 83 weeks 284 84 weeks 285 85 weeks 286 86 weeks 287 87 weeks 288 88 weeks 289 89 weeks 290 90 weeks 291 91 weeks 292 92 weeks 293 93 weeks 294 94 weeks 295 95 weeks 296 96 weeks 297 97 weeks 298 98 weeks 299 Weeks: Number missing 300 Months 301 301 Months: 1 302 2 months 303 3 months 304 4 months 305 5 months 306 6 months 307 7 months 308 8 months 309 9 months 310 10 months 311 11 months 312 12 months 313 13 months 314 14 months 315 15 months 316 16 months 317 17 months 318 18 months 319 19 months 320 20 months 321 21 months 322 22 months 323 23 months 324 24 months 325 25 months 326 26 months 327 27 months 328 28 months 329 29 months 330 30 months 331 31 months 332 32 months 333 33 months 334 34 months 335 35 months 336 36 months 337 37 months 338 38 months 339 39 months 340 40 months 341 41 months 342 42 months 343 43 months 344 44 months 345 45 months 346 46 months 347 47 months 348 48 months 349 49 months 350 50 months 351 51 months 352 52 months 353 53 months 354 54 months 355 55 months 356 56 months 357 57 months 358 58 months 359 59 months 360 60 months 361 61 months 362 62 months 363 63 months 364 64 months 365 65 months 366 66 months 367 67 months 368 68 months 369 69 months 370 70 months 371 71 months 372 72 months 373 73 months 374 74 months 375 75 months 376 76 months 377 77 months 378 78 months 379 79 months 380 80 months 381 81 months 382 82 months 383 83 months 384 84 months 385 85 months 386 86 months 387 87 months 388 88 months 389 89 months 390 90 months 391 91 months 392 92 months 393 93 months 394 94 months 395 95 months 396 96 months 397 97 months 398 98 months 399 Months: Number missing 400 Years 401 Years: 1 402 2 years 403 3 years 404 4 years 405 5 years 406 6 years 407 7 years 408 8 years 409 9 years 410 10 years 411 11 years 412 12 years 413 13 years 414 14 years 415 15 years 416 16 years 417 17 years 418 18 years 419 19 years 420 20 years 421 21 years 422 22 years 423 23 years 424 24 years 425 25 years 426 26 years 427 27 years 428 28 years 429 29 years 430 30 years 431 31 years 432 32 years 433 33 years 434 34 years 435 35 years 436 36 years 437 37 years 438 38 years 439 39 years 440 40 years 441 41 years 442 42 years 443 43 years 444 44 years 445 45 years 446 46 years 447 47 years 448 48 years 449 49+ years 499 Years: number missing 992 Currently pregnant 993 In menopause/had hysterectomy 994 Before last birth 995 Never menstruated 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Woman menstruated last 6 weeks 236. When did your last menstrual period start? RECORD THE DATE IF IT IS GIVEN. DATE _____ NUMBER OF DAYS 1 _____ NUMBER OF WEEKS 2 _____ NUMBER OF MONTHS 3 _____ NUMBER OF YEARS 4 _____ IN MENOPAUSE 994 BEFORE LAST BIRTH 995 NEVER HAD PERIOD 996 MENSTRUATE6WK (V216) indicates whether the woman menstruated in the 6 weeks prior to the interview, as calculated from TIMEMENSTRUATE (V215). 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS When in cycle thinks pregnancy is most likely 237. From one menstrual period to the next, are there certain days when a woman is more likely to become pregnant if she has sexual relations? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 239) DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 239) OVCYCLE (V217) suggests the woman's knowledge of the ovulatory cycle by reporting when she believes a woman has the greatest chance of becoming pregnant. 1 During her period 2 After period ended 3 Middle of the cycle 4 Before period begins 5 At any time 6 Other/It depends 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Total number of living children born to respondent 203. How many sons live with you? And how many daughters live with you? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. SONS AT HOME ______ DAUGHTERS AT HOME ________ CHEBALIVE (V218) reports the total number of children ever born to the respondent who are currently living. The number reported in CHEBALIVE (V218) is the sum of a series of variables reporting the total number of sons and daughters who are living at home and who are living away from home (V202 to V205 - SONSATHOME, DAUSATHOME, SONSAWAYHOME, and DAUSAWAYHOME). The related variable CHEB (V201) reports the total number of children ever born to the respondent, regardless of survival status. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Total number of living children including current pregnancy 203. How many sons live with you? And how many daughters live with you? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. SONS AT HOME ______ DAUGHTERS AT HOME ________ CHSURVPLUSPG (V219) reports the woman's total number of living children, including her current pregnancy. CHSURVPLUSPG takes the value of CHEBALIVE (V218) and adds 1 if the respondent is pregnant. 99 NIU (not in universe) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 19 19 18 18 Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Total number of living children, truncated at 6+ 203. How many sons live with you? And how many daughters live with you? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. SONS AT HOME ______ DAUGHTERS AT HOME ________ CHEBALIVETRUNC (V220) reports the woman's total number of living children (including current pregnancy), truncated at 6 or more children. This variable is a grouping of CHSURVPLUSPG (V219) truncated at 6+ children. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6+ 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Interval between last birth and interview, in months 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ For women who have ever given birth, LASTBIRTHTOINTMO (V222) reports the number of months between their last birth and the date of interview. 999 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information on date of conception, current pregnancy 228. How many months pregnant are you? RECORD NUMBER OF COMPLETED MONTHS. MONTHS ____ For pregnant women, CONCEPTDATEFLAG (V223) indicates the completeness of information relating to the date of conception of their current pregnancy. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, "This variable indicates whether the date of conception was exactly specified by the duration of the current pregnancy or the duration was imputed from other information." The related variable DURCURPREG reports the duration of the current pregnancy. 1 Month- exact date 2 Date missing, imputed 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Flag for reported time since last menstrual period MENSTIMFLAG (V227) is a flag variable that indicates the type of problem, if any, found in editing responses on the time since the respondent's last menstrual period. Cases without a problem are coded 0. For time since last menstrual period, see TIMEMENSTRUATE (V215). 00 No flag 01 Number GT interval since birth 02 Number plus amenorrhea GT interval 03 Number reported, but period not returned 04 Reported before last birth, but no birth 05 Reported before last birth, but period since 06 Reported never menstruated, but period returned 07 Reported time during pregnancy 08 Reported never menstruated but had kids 09 Reported period before last birth 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Ever had pregnancy terminate via abortion, miscarriage or stillbirth 239. Have you ever had an intentional abortion? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 301) PREGTERMIN (V228) indicates whether the woman ever had a pregnancy that was terminated due to miscarriage, abortion, or stillbirth, and did not result in a live birth. 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Interval between last birth and interview date at least 4 calendar years 222. SUBTRACT THE BIRTH YEAR OF THE LAST CHILD FROM THE YEAR OF THE INTERVIEW. IS THE DIFFERENCE FOUR OR MORE YEARS? YES 1 (GO TO 223) NO 2 (GO TO 224) For women who have ever given birth, BIRTHTOINT4YR (V236) indicates whether the interval between their last birth and the time of the interview was at least 4 years. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Other live births in interval between last birth reported and date of interview 223. Have you had any live births since the birth of (NAME OF LAST BIRTH)? YES 1 NO 2 BIRTHSOTHER (V237) indicates whether the woman had any other live births in the interval between the last reported birth and the date of the interview. The question for this variable verifies whether the woman omitted any births when reporting her birth record. Omitted births should be included in the final version of the birth history in the variable CHEB (V201). 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Total births in last 3 years prior to interview 225. CHECK 215 AND ENTER THE NUMBER OF BIRTHS SINCE JANUARY 1994. IF NONE, RECORD '00'. NUMBER OF BIRTHS ____ BIRTHSTOT3YR (V238) indicates the total number of births the woman had in the 3 years (0 to 35 months) prior to the interview (where 0 is the month of interview). Responses are based on the woman's birth history table, which records the month and year of her children's births. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Computed time since last menstrual period 236. When did your last menstrual period start? RECORD THE DATE IF IT IS GIVEN. DATE _____ NUMBER OF DAYS 1 _____ NUMBER OF WEEKS 2 _____ NUMBER OF MONTHS 3 _____ NUMBER OF YEARS 4 _____ IN MENOPAUSE 994 BEFORE LAST BIRTH 995 NEVER HAD PERIOD 996 TIMEMENSCALC (V226) reports the computed time since the respondent's last menstrual period. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, this variable is computed from the response for V215, with durations exceeding the interval since the last birth (V227 = 7,9) recoded to the response "Before last birth" (code 995) and inconsistent responses flagged on variable 227 (codes 1-6) recoded to 997. Restated in terms of IPUMS-DHS variables and variable labels, TIMEMENSCALC is computed from the response for TIMEMENSTRUATE (Time since woman's last menstrual period). Cases with durations exceeding the interval since the last birth, when MENSTIMFLAG (Flag for reported time since last menstrual period) has values for "Reported time during pregnancy" or "Reported period before last birth," are recoded as "Before last birth" in TIMEMENSCALC. Cases with inconsistent or implausible responses according to MENSTIMFLAG (for example, the woman reportedly never menstruated but she has given birth) are recoded to "Inconsistent" for TIMEMENSCALC. 000 No time difference 991 In menopause/had hysterectomy 992 Pregnant, not asked 993 In menopause 994 Before last birth 995 Never menstruated 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Age of respondent at time of first birth 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ AGEAT1STBIRTH (V212) reports the age of the woman at the time of her first birth. This variable is calculated by using the century month code (CMC) of the date of the woman's first birth (DOB1STKIDCMC) and the CMC of the woman's date of birth (DOBCMC). 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 99 NIU (not in universe) 02 2 05 5 03 3 04 4 Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Total number of household members HHMEMTOTAL (V136) reports the total number of members of the woman's household. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, HHMEMTOTAL is calculated by summing "the number of usual residents and the number of visitors who slept in the house the previous night that were listed in the household schedule." "Usual residents" of the household are identified by the RESIDENT variable. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Number of children under 5 in household HHKIDLT5 (V137) reports the number of children age 5 and under who reside in the household. Visiting children are not included in the count. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Number of eligible women in household HHELIGWOMEN (V138) reports the number of eligible women in the household, usually defined as women of childbearing age who slept in the household the previous night (regardless of whether they were usual residents or visitors). The age and marital status guidelines for defining eligible women varies across samples. See Comparability. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 36 36 36 99 No women age 15-49 Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Age of household head HHEADAGE (V152) reports the age of the head of the household. 98 Missing 97 97+ 96 96 95 95 94 94 93 93 92 92 91 91 90 90 89 89 88 88 87 87 86 86 85 85 84 84 83 83 82 82 81 81 80 80 79 79 78 78 77 77 76 76 75 75 74 74 73 73 72 72 71 71 70 70 69 69 68 68 67 67 66 66 65 65 64 64 63 63 62 62 61 61 60 60 59 59 58 58 57 57 56 56 55 55 54 54 53 53 52 52 51 51 50 50 49 49 48 48 47 47 46 46 45 45 44 44 43 43 42 42 41 41 40 40 39 39 38 38 37 37 36 36 35 35 34 34 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Age of household head (from HH record) 7. AGE: How old is (NAME)? IN YEARS _______ HHEADAGEHH (HV220) reports the age of the head of the household. The information in HHEADAGEHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 98 Missing 96 Non-resident 95 95+ 94 94 93 93 92 92 91 91 90 90 89 89 88 88 87 87 86 86 85 85 84 84 83 83 82 82 81 81 80 80 79 79 78 78 77 77 76 76 75 75 74 74 73 73 72 72 71 71 70 70 69 69 68 68 67 67 66 66 65 65 64 64 63 63 62 62 61 61 60 60 59 59 58 58 57 57 56 56 55 55 54 54 53 53 52 52 51 51 50 50 49 49 48 48 47 47 46 46 45 45 44 44 43 43 42 42 41 41 40 40 39 39 38 38 37 37 36 36 35 35 34 34 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 99 NIU (not in universe) 01 1 97 Don't know Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Sex of household head HHEADSEX (V151) reports the sex of the head of the household. 8 Missing 2 Female 1 Male Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Sex of household head (from hh record) 6. SEX: Is (NAME) male or female? MALE 1 FEMALE 2 HHEADSEXHH (HV219) reports the sex of the head of the household. The information in HHEADSEXHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 1 Male 2 Female 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Relationship structure in HH HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULE: We would like some information about people who usually live in your household or are staying with you now. 1. LINE NUMBER ____ FAMSTRUCTR (HV217) indicates the relationship structure (no adults, one adult, two related adults of the opposite sex, two related adults of the same sex, three or more related adults, or unrelated adults) in the household. Only usual (de jure) household members aged 15 and over are considered in determining the household's relationship structure. FAMSTRUCTR is a constructed variable, based on information about each household member's age, sex, and relationship to the householder, which was collected when completing the listing of persons in the household at the time of the survey. The information in FAMSTRUCTR is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 8 Missing 6 Non-resident 5 Unrelated adults 4 Three plus related adults 3 Two adults, same sex 2 Two adults, opp sex 1 One adult 0 No adults 9 NIU (not in universe) Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Number of rooms in HH used for sleeping 20. In your household, how many rooms do you use for sleeping? ROOMS ____ SLEEPROOMS (HV216) reports the number of rooms in the household used for sleeping. 98 Missing 97 Don't know 35 35+ 34 34 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 01 1 00 0 96 Non-resident 99 NIU (not in universe) Housing Variables -- TOPICS Main material of floor 21. MAIN MATERIAL OF THE FLOOR. RECORD OBSERVATION. NATURAL FLOOR EARTH/SAND 11 DUNG 12 RUDIMENTARY FLOOR WOOD PLANKS 21 PALM/BAMBOO 22 FINISHED FLOOR PARQUET OR POLISHED WOOD 31 VINYL OR ASPHALT STRIPS 32 CERAMIC TILES 33 CEMENT 34 CARPET 35 OTHER (SPECIFY) __________ 96 FLOOR (HV213) reports the main material of the floor of the dwelling. Response categories vary widely across surveys but fall into broad groups (i.e., natural materials, rudimentary processed materials, and finished materials). See Comparability. 116 Mud and hay 999 NIU (not in universe) 391 Plaster 996 Non-resident 100 NATURAL 110 Earth-based 111 Earth, sand 112 Earth, mud 113 Earth, mud, clay 114 Sand 115 Dirt/Earth 120 Dung-based 121 Dung 122 Earth and dung 123 Mud, dung, sand 200 RUDIMENTARY 210 Wood 211 Wood planks 212 Wood and tile 213 Wood/palm/bamboo 220 Palm/bamboo 221 Palm/bamboo/leaves 230 Other rudimentary 231 Broken bricks 232 Adobe 233 Unfinished stone 300 FINISHED 310 Parquet/polished wood 311 Polished wood/vinyl/tiles 320 Vinyl/asphalt strips/linoleum 321 Linoleum 330 Tiles/mosaic 331 Ceramic tiles 332 Cement tiles 333 Ceramic/terrazo tiles 334 Ceramic/marble tiles 335 Tiles/brick 340 Cement/concrete 350 Carpet 360 Terrazzo 370 Stone 380 Bricks 390 Other finished 400 OTHER 997 Don't know 998 Missing 322 Vinyl 351 Mat Housing Variables -- TOPICS Has electricity 19. Does your household have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 A radio? YES 1 NO 2 A television? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 A refrigerator? YES 1 NO 2 ELECTRC (V119) indicates whether the household has electricity. Samples vary in how that information was collected. See Comparability. 8 Missing 1 Yes 0 No 6 Non-resident Housing Variables -- TOPICS Dwelling has electricity (from hh record) 19. Does your household have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 A radio? YES 1 NO 2 A television? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 A refrigerator? YES 1 NO 2 ELECTRCHH (HV206) indicates whether the household has electricity. Samples vary in how that information was collected. The information in ELECTRCHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Housing Variables -- TOPICS Type of toilet facility 18. What kind of toilet facility is in your household? FLUSH TOILET 11 VENTILATED PIT LATRINE 22 RUDIMENTARY PIT LATRINE 23 NO TOILET/OUTSIDE 31 (GO TO 19) OTHER (SPECIFY) ________ 96 (GO TO 19) TOILETTYPE (HV205) reports the household's type of toilet facility, with no facility coded "0." Responses vary widely across surveys; see Comparability. The information in TOILETTYPE is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 3431 Pit latrine with ventilation pipe, no mesh 9996 Non-resident 0000 NO FACILITY 1000 FLUSH TOILET 1100 Unspecified type of flush toilet 1110 Own flush toilet (unspecified type) 1120 Shared flush toilet (unspecified type) 1200 Modern flush toilet 1210 Flush to piped sewer system 1300 Traditional with tank flush 1400 Bucket flush toilet 1410 Flush to pit latrine 1420 Flush to somewhere else 1430 Flush, don't know where 2000 NON-FLUSHING TOILET 2100 Composting toilet 2200 Dry toilet 2300 Ecosan toilet 3000 PIT TOILET LATRINE 3100 Unspecified type of pit latrine 3110 Own pit toilet or latrine (unspecified type) 3120 Shared pit toiletor latrine (unspecified type) 3121 Public pit toilet or latrine (unspecified type) 3200 Traditional pit toilet or latrine 3210 Pit latrine without slab or open pit 3300 Pit latrine with slab 3400 Ventilated improved pit latrine 3410 Covered pit latrine, no slab 3420 Covered pit latrine with slab 3430 Covered latrine 3440 Septic pit 4000 UNIMPROVED TOILET 4100 Bucket toilet 4200 River 4300 Hanging latrine over water source 5000 OTHER 9998 Missing 1112 Private flush toilet, outside residence 1211 Flush to piped sewer system, indoors 1212 Flush to piped sewer system, inside yard 1213 Flush to piped sewer system, out of yard 3310 Pit latrine with washable slab 3320 Pit latrine with non-washable slab 3490 Other improved system 3463 Latrine to piped public system, out of yard 3462 Latrine to piped public system, inside yard 3461 Latrine to piped public system, indoors 3443 Latrine to septic tank, out of yard 3442 Latrine to septic tank, inside yard 3441 Latrine to septic tank, indoors 3212 Open pit latrine, out of yard 3211 Open pit latrine, inside yard 1253 Flush to septic tank, out of yard 1252 Flush to septic tank, inside yard 1251 Flush to septic tank, indoors 1250 Flush to septic tank 1240 Flush, not to sewer 1233 Flush to ground water, out of yard 1232 Flush to ground water, inside yard 1231 Flush to ground water, indoors 3450 Latrine with manual flush 3460 Latrine to piped public system 9999 NIU (not in universe) 1230 Flush to pipe connected to ground water 1220 Flush to pipe connected to canal 1132 Public flush toilet, outside residence 1131 Public flush toilet, inside residence 1130 Public flush toilet (unspecified type) 1111 Private flush toilet, inside residence Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Household shares toilet facility 18A. Is the toilet facility only used by your household or do you share it with other households? PRIVATE USE 1 SHARED USE 2 TOILETSHAREYN (HV225) indicates whether the household has a toilet facility that is shared with at least one other household. A "no" response (code "0") indicates the household has a toilet that is not shared; a "yes" response (code "1") indicates the household shares a toilet facility; "not in universe" (code "9") means the household has no toilet facility. The information in TOILETSHAREYN is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Major source of drinking water 16. What is the main source of drinking water for members of your household? PIPED WATER PIPED INTO DWELLING/YARD/PLOT 11 (GO TO 18) PIPED TO EXTERIOR 12 PUBLIC TAP/STANDPIPE 13 WELL IN THE YARD/PLOT EQUIPPED WITH PUMP 21 (GO TO 18) NOT EQUIPPED WITH PUMP 22 (GO TO 18) DRAIN WELL 23 (GO TO 18) WELL OUTSIDE THE YARD/PLOT EQUIPPED WITH PUMP 24 NOT EQUIPPED WITH PUMP 25 DRAIN WELL 26 SURFACE WATER SPRING 31 RIVER 32 POND/LAKE 33 DAM 34 RAINWATER 41 (GO TO 18) TANKER TRUCK 51 BOTTLED WATER 61 (GO TO 18) OTHER (SPECIFY) _____________ 96 DRINKWTR (HV201) reports the household's main source of drinking water. Responses vary widely across surveys; see Comparability. The information in DRINKWTR is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 2213 Protected well in neighbor's residence/plot 9996 Non-resident 1000 PIPED WATER 1100 Piped into own dwelling/yard/plot 1110 Piped into own dwelling 1120 Piped into own yard/plot 1200 Piped outside own residence/plot 1210 Public tap/standpipe 1220 Piped into neighbor's dwelling/yard 2000 WELL WATER 2100 Unprotected/open well 2110 Open well in own dwelling/yard/plot 2111 Open well in own dwelling 2112 Open well in own yard/plot 2120 Open public well 2130 Open well in neighbor's residence 2200 Protected well 2210 Protected well in own dwelling/yard/plot 2211 Protected well in own dwelling 2212 Protected well in own yard/plot 2220 Protected public well 2230 Tube well or borehole 2231 Borehole in yard/plot 2232 Public borehole 2300 Unspecified well 2310 Unspecified well in residence/yard/plot 2311 Unspecified well in own dwelling 2312 Unspecified well in own yard/plot 2313 Handpump in yard/plot 2320 Unspecified public well 2321 Public shallow well 2322 Public traditional well 2323 Public handpump 2330 Unspecified neighbor's well 2340 Unspecified well by type 2341 Well with pump 2342 Well without pump 3000 SURFACE WATER 3100 Spring 3110 Protected spring/surface water 3120 Unprotected spring/surface water 3200 River/dam/lake/ponds/streams/canal/irrigation channel 3210 River, stream 3220 Pond, lake 3230 Dam 3240 Canal or river/canal 3250 Irrigation ditch 3260 Dugout pond 3300 Channeled by gravity flow scheme 4000 RAINWATER 4100 Rainwater collected in tank 5000 PURCHASED FROM SUPPLIER 5100 Tanker truck 5200 Cart with small tank 5300 Water vendor 5400 Bottled water 5410 Sachet water (in a bag) 6000 OTHER SOURCE 9998 Missing 1211 Public tap from filtration plant 1212 Public tap from stone pipes 5310 Water vendor from unknown source 5320 Water vendor from protected well 5330 Water vendor from unprotected well 5340 Water vendor from pond/lake 9999 NIU (not in universe) 5500 Community reverse osmosis plant 5201 Motorcycle with 3 wheels Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Time to water source (from individual respondent record) 17. How long does it take to go there, get water, and come back? MINUTES ______ ON SITE 996 TIMETOWTRIND (V115) reports the amount of time, in minutes, to get to the household's major source of water, top-coded at 360+ minutes. This information is taken from the individual woman's record. The complementary variable TIMETOWTRHH (HV204) reports the same information, taken from the household record. 000 0 (on premises) 001 1 002 2 003 3 004 4 005 5 006 6 007 7 008 8 009 9 010 10 011 11 012 12 013 13 014 14 015 15 016 16 017 17 018 18 019 19 020 20 021 21 022 22 023 23 024 24 025 25 026 26 027 27 028 28 029 29 030 30 031 31 032 32 033 33 034 34 035 35 036 36 037 37 038 38 039 39 040 40 041 41 042 42 043 43 044 44 045 45 046 46 047 47 048 48 049 49 050 50 051 51 052 52 053 53 054 54 055 55 056 56 057 57 058 58 059 59 060 60 061 61 062 62 063 63 064 64 065 65 066 66 067 67 068 68 069 69 070 70 071 71 072 72 073 73 074 74 075 75 076 76 077 77 078 78 079 79 080 80 081 81 082 82 083 83 084 84 085 85 086 86 087 87 088 88 089 89 090 90 091 91 092 92 093 93 094 94 095 95 096 96 097 97 098 98 099 99 100 100 101 101 102 102 103 103 104 104 105 105 106 106 107 107 108 108 109 109 110 110 111 111 112 112 113 113 114 114 115 115 116 116 117 117 118 118 119 119 120 120 121 121 122 122 123 123 124 124 125 125 126 126 127 127 128 128 129 129 130 130 131 131 132 132 133 133 134 134 135 135 136 136 137 137 138 138 139 139 140 140 141 141 142 142 143 143 144 144 145 145 146 146 147 147 148 148 149 149 150 150 151 151 152 152 153 153 154 154 155 155 156 156 157 157 158 158 159 159 160 160 161 161 162 162 163 163 164 164 165 165 166 166 167 167 168 168 169 169 170 170 171 171 172 172 173 173 174 174 175 175 176 176 177 177 178 178 179 179 180 180 181 181 182 182 183 183 184 184 185 185 186 186 187 187 188 188 189 189 190 190 191 191 192 192 193 193 194 194 195 195 196 196 197 197 198 198 199 199 200 200 201 201 202 202 203 203 204 204 205 205 206 206 207 207 208 208 209 209 210 210 211 211 212 212 213 213 214 214 215 215 216 216 217 217 218 218 219 219 220 220 221 221 222 222 223 223 224 224 225 225 226 226 227 227 228 228 229 229 230 230 231 231 232 232 233 233 234 234 235 235 236 236 237 237 238 238 239 239 240 240 241 241 242 242 243 243 244 244 245 245 246 246 247 247 248 248 249 249 250 250 251 251 252 252 253 253 254 254 255 255 256 256 257 257 258 258 259 259 260 260 261 261 262 262 263 263 264 264 265 265 266 266 267 267 268 268 269 269 270 270 271 271 272 272 273 273 274 274 275 275 276 276 277 277 278 278 279 279 280 280 281 281 282 282 283 283 284 284 285 285 286 286 287 287 288 288 289 289 290 290 291 291 292 292 293 293 294 294 295 295 296 296 297 297 298 298 299 299 300 300 301 301 302 302 303 303 304 304 305 305 306 306 307 307 308 308 309 309 310 310 311 311 312 312 313 313 314 314 315 315 316 316 317 317 318 318 319 319 320 320 321 321 322 322 323 323 324 324 325 325 326 326 327 327 328 328 329 329 330 330 331 331 332 332 333 333 334 334 335 335 336 336 337 337 338 338 339 339 340 340 341 341 342 342 343 343 344 344 345 345 346 346 347 347 348 348 349 349 350 350 351 351 352 352 353 353 354 354 355 355 356 356 357 357 358 358 359 359 360 360+ 994 One day or longer 995 On premises 996 Non-resident 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Time to reach water source and return, in minutes (from HH record) 17. How long does it take to go there, get water, and come back? MINUTES ______ ON SITE 996 TIMETOWTRHH (HV204) reports the time in minutes it takes members of the household to get to their main source of water and return to their dwelling. In IPUMS-DHS, this variable is top-coded at 360 minutes or more (6 hours or longer). The information in TIMETOWTRHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 000 0 001 1 002 2 003 3 004 4 005 5 006 6 007 7 008 8 009 9 010 10 011 11 012 12 013 13 014 14 015 15 016 16 017 17 018 18 019 19 020 20 021 21 022 22 023 23 024 24 025 25 026 26 027 27 028 28 029 29 030 30 031 31 032 32 033 33 034 34 035 35 036 36 037 37 038 38 039 39 040 40 041 41 042 42 043 43 044 44 045 45 046 46 047 47 048 48 049 49 050 50 051 51 052 52 053 53 054 54 055 55 056 56 057 57 058 58 059 59 060 60 061 61 062 62 063 63 064 64 065 65 066 66 067 67 068 68 069 69 070 70 071 71 072 72 073 73 074 74 075 75 076 76 077 77 078 78 079 79 080 80 081 81 082 82 083 83 084 84 085 85 086 86 087 87 088 88 089 89 090 90 091 91 092 92 093 93 094 94 095 95 096 96 097 97 098 98 099 99 100 100 101 101 102 102 103 103 104 104 105 105 106 106 107 107 108 108 109 109 110 110 111 111 112 112 113 113 114 114 115 115 116 116 117 117 118 118 119 119 120 120 121 121 122 122 123 123 124 124 125 125 126 126 127 127 128 128 129 129 130 130 131 131 132 132 133 133 134 134 135 135 136 136 137 137 138 138 139 139 140 140 141 141 142 142 143 143 144 144 145 145 146 146 147 147 148 148 149 149 150 150 151 151 152 152 153 153 154 154 155 155 156 156 157 157 158 158 159 159 160 160 161 161 162 162 163 163 164 164 165 165 166 166 167 167 168 168 169 169 170 170 171 171 172 172 173 173 174 174 175 175 176 176 177 177 178 178 179 179 180 180 181 181 182 182 183 183 184 184 185 185 186 186 187 187 188 188 189 189 190 190 191 191 192 192 193 193 194 194 195 195 196 196 197 197 198 198 199 199 200 200 201 201 202 202 203 203 204 204 205 205 206 206 207 207 208 208 209 209 210 210 211 211 212 212 213 213 214 214 215 215 216 216 217 217 218 218 219 219 220 220 221 221 222 222 223 223 224 224 225 225 226 226 227 227 228 228 229 229 230 230 231 231 232 232 233 233 234 234 235 235 236 236 237 237 238 238 239 239 240 240 241 241 242 242 243 243 244 244 245 245 246 246 247 247 248 248 249 249 250 250 251 251 252 252 253 253 254 254 255 255 256 256 257 257 258 258 259 259 260 260 261 261 262 262 263 263 264 264 265 265 266 266 267 267 268 268 269 269 270 270 271 271 272 272 273 273 274 274 275 275 276 276 277 277 278 278 279 279 280 280 281 281 282 282 283 283 284 284 285 285 286 286 287 287 288 288 289 289 290 290 291 291 292 292 293 293 294 294 295 295 296 296 297 297 298 298 299 299 300 300 301 301 302 302 303 303 304 304 305 305 306 306 307 307 308 308 309 309 310 310 311 311 312 312 313 313 314 314 315 315 316 316 317 317 318 318 319 319 320 320 321 321 322 322 323 323 324 324 325 325 326 326 327 327 328 328 329 329 330 330 331 331 332 332 333 333 334 334 335 335 336 336 337 337 338 338 339 339 340 340 341 341 342 342 343 343 344 344 345 345 346 346 347 347 348 348 349 349 350 350 351 351 352 352 353 353 354 354 355 355 356 356 357 357 358 358 359 359 360 360+ 995 On premises 996 Non-resident 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Household has telephone 19. Does your household have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 A radio? YES 1 NO 2 A television? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 A refrigerator? YES 1 NO 2 HHPHONE (V153) indicates whether the household has a telephone. How the question was worded changed over time. See Comparability. The related variable MOBPHONE covers the household's access to a mobile phone, specifically. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing Possessions Variables -- TOPICS House has telephone (household record) 19. Does your household have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 A radio? YES 1 NO 2 A television? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 A refrigerator? YES 1 NO 2 HHPHONEHH (HV221) indicates whether any member of the household has a telephone (based on information from the household record). The information in HHPHONEHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has bicycle 22. Does any member of this household own: A cart? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle or motor scooter? YES 1 NO 2 A car or truck? YES 1 NO 2 BIKE (V123) indicates whether any member of the household has a bicycle. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has bicycle (from HH record) 22. Does any member of this household own: A cart? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle or motor scooter? YES 1 NO 2 A car or truck? YES 1 NO 2 BIKEHH (HV210) indicates whether any member of the household has a bicycle. The information in BIKEHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has car/truck 22. Does any member of this household own: A cart? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle or motor scooter? YES 1 NO 2 A car or truck? YES 1 NO 2 CAR (V125) indicates whether any member of the household owns a car or truck (or other motor vehicle). The specific type of motor vehicle mentioned varies across samples. See Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has car/truck (from HH record) 22. Does any member of this household own: A cart? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle or motor scooter? YES 1 NO 2 A car or truck? YES 1 NO 2 CARHH (HV212) indicates whether any member of the household owns a car or truck (or other motor vehicle). The specific type of motor vehicle mentioned varies across samples. See Comparability. The information in CARHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has motorcycle/scooter 22. Does any member of this household own: A cart? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle or motor scooter? YES 1 NO 2 A car or truck? YES 1 NO 2 MOTORCYCL (V124) indicates whether any member of the household owns a motorcycle or scooter. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has motorcycle/scooter (from HH record) 22. Does any member of this household own: A cart? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle or motor scooter? YES 1 NO 2 A car or truck? YES 1 NO 2 MOTORCYCLHH (HV211) indicates whether any member of the household owns a motorcycle or scooter. The information in MOTORCYCLHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has refrigerator 19. Does your household have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 A radio? YES 1 NO 2 A television? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 A refrigerator? YES 1 NO 2 FRIDGE (V122) indicates whether the household has a refrigerator. Some samples specified that the refrigerator must be working or must be owned by the household. See comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has refrigerator (from HH record) 19. Does your household have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 A radio? YES 1 NO 2 A television? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 A refrigerator? YES 1 NO 2 FRIDGEHH (HV209) indicates whether the household has a refrigerator. Some samples specified that the refrigerator must be working or owned by the household. See Comparability. The information in FRIDGEHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has radio 19. Does your household have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 A radio? YES 1 NO 2 A television? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 A refrigerator? YES 1 NO 2 RADIO (V120) indicates whether the household has a radio. Some samples specified that the radio must be working or fit other specifications. See Comparability. 8 Unknown 1 Yes 0 No 6 Non-resident Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has radio (from HH record) 19. Does your household have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 A radio? YES 1 NO 2 A television? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 A refrigerator? YES 1 NO 2 RADIOHH (HV207) indicates whether any member of the household owns a radio. Some samples specified that the radio must be working or fit other specifications. See Comparability. The information in RADIOHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has television 19. Does your household have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 A radio? YES 1 NO 2 A television? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 A refrigerator? YES 1 NO 2 TELEVISION (V121) indicates whether the household has a television. Some samples specified that the TV must be in working order. See Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has television (from HH record) 19. Does your household have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 A radio? YES 1 NO 2 A television? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 A refrigerator? YES 1 NO 2 TVHH (HV208) indicates whether any member of the household has a television. Some samples specified that the TV must be in working order. See Comparability. The information in TVHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has animal-drawn cart 22. Does any member of this household own: A cart? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle or motor scooter? YES 1 NO 2 A car or truck? YES 1 NO 2 DRAWNCART indicates whether a household member owned an animal-drawn cart. Question wording varied across samples; see Comparability. The information in DRAWNCART is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Agricultural possessions Variables -- TOPICS Type of salt used by household 24. Can you show me the salt that you used to cook the main meal yesterday or last night? DIDN'T USE ANY 00 FINE SALT IN PACKET 01 LOOSE FINE SALT 02 COARSE SALT IN PACKET 03 LOOSE COARSE SALT 04 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ 96 REFUSES TO SHOW 05 SALTIODIZE (HV222) reports the type of salt the household uses for cooking, with an emphasis on whether the salt is known to be iodized. Iodized salt may prevent iodine deficiency, and thus protect against brain damage during child development and pregnancy. The information in SALTIODIZE is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 96 Non-resident 10 Packaged salt 11 Packaged salt - iodized 12 Packaged salt - noniodized 20 Other salt 21 Local salt 22 Loose salt 23 Salt for animals 24 Natron in block 98 Missing 13 Packaged salt - other 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) 25 Other, n.e.c. 00 No salt available 95 Doesn't cook Nutrition Variables -- TOPICS Iodized salt in household (bridging variable) 24. Can you show me the salt that you used to cook the main meal yesterday or last night? DIDN'T USE ANY 00 FINE SALT IN PACKET 01 LOOSE FINE SALT 02 COARSE SALT IN PACKET 03 LOOSE COARSE SALT 04 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ 96 REFUSES TO SHOW 05 SALTBRIDGE serves as a bridging variable between two approaches to collecting information on the presence of iodized salt in the household. Initially, respondents were asked, "What type of salt is usually used for cooking in your household?" Respondents were also asked to show their salt package to the interviewer. Beginning with Phase 4 of the standard DHS questionnaire, respondents were asked to provide the interviewer with a teaspoon of cooking salt, which the interviewer then tested. Iodine testing methods varied across phases and countries. SALTBRIDGE combines information from the first approach of asking about cooking salt (in SALTIODIZE (HV222)) and the second approach of testing the cooking salt for iodine (in SALTEST3 (HV234)). The information in SALTBRIDGE is taken from the household record, linked to the record of the woman respondent. This information applies to household residents, not temporary visitors, so researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT (V135) variable (with visitors coded "2"). See Comparability for more information. 96 Non-resident 10 Iodized salt in household 11 Packaged salt - iodized 20 Non-iodized salt in household 21 Packaged salt - noniodized 30 Salt not tested 31 Local salt 32 Loose salt 33 Salt for animals 34 Natron in block 35 Packaged salt - other 36 Other, n.e.c. 97 Doesn't cook 98 Missing/no salt available 99 NIU (not in universe) Nutrition Variables -- TOPICS Currently working 709. Aside from your own housework, have you done any work in the last seven days? YES 1 (GO TO 712) NO 2 CURRWORK (V714) indicates whether the woman is currently working at a job or business. To distinguish employment from household labor, many surveys included a preface such as the following: "As you know, some women take up jobs for which they are paid in cash or in kind. Others sell things, have a small business or work on the family farm or in the family business." Women who have worked outside of their own housework in the last 12 months and been paid in cash, cash and in-kind, or only in-kind payments are included as working, although the survey questions vary in who receives an affirmative response. See Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneous 12 Yes, prompted 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Woman's occupation 712. What is your occupation, that is, what kind of work do you mainly do? ____ WKCURRJOB (V717) reports the occupation of the respondent in somewhat standardized categories. The categories included, and the degree of detail within broad categories (e.g., self-employed versus employee in agriculture, or simply agriculture), vary across samples. IPUMS-DHS employs composite coding to maximize comparability across samples (using the first digit of the codes to indicate broad job categories) without loss of detailed information (preserved in the second digit). The category "agriculture" includes fishermen, foresters, breeders, and hunters as well as farmers. 00 Not currently working 10 Professional, technical, or managerial worker 20 Clerical or Sales 21 Clerical worker 22 Sales worker 30 Agricultural 31 Self-employed agricultural worker 32 Agricultural employee 40 Household, domestic, and services 41 Household and domestic worker 42 Services worker 50 Skilled and unskilled manual 51 Skilled manual worker 52 Unskilled manual worker 60 Armed forces 96 Other 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Respondent's current type of employment. 715. Do you do this work for a member of your family, for someone else, or are you self-employed? FOR FAMILY MEMBER 1 FOR SOMEONE ELSE 2 SELF-EMPLOYED 3 WKCURRTYPE (V718) indicates the woman's current type of employment, along the two dimensions of class of worker (paid, self-employed, unpaid) and location (at home or away). 8 Missing 0 Did not work 1 Paid employee, away 2 Paid employee, home 3 Self-employed, away 4 Self-employed, home 5 Unpaid worker, away 6 Unpaid worker, home Work Variables -- TOPICS Whom the respondent works for 715. Do you do this work for a member of your family, for someone else, or are you self-employed? FOR FAMILY MEMBER 1 FOR SOMEONE ELSE 2 SELF-EMPLOYED 3 WHOWORKFOR (V719) indicates whether the respondent works for a family member, for someone else, or is self-employed. 24 For someone else 23 For someone else (unpaid) 10 Works for self 11 Self-employed 12 Employer 20 Works for someone else 21 For family member (unpaid) 22 For family member 30 Works for self and someone else 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) 40 Other Work Variables -- TOPICS Woman earns cash for work 720. Do you earn a salary for this work? INSIST: Do you earn money for doing this work? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 723) WKEARNCASH (V720) indicates whether the woman earns cash for her work. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Woman works at home or away from home 723. Do you usually work in the home or outside the home? IN THE HOME 1 OUTSIDE THE HOME 2 WKHOMEAWAY (V721) indicates whether the respondent currently works at home or away from home. 1 At home 2 Away 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Who cares for youngest child while woman works 725. Who usually takes care of (NAME OF YOUNGEST CHILD IN HOUSEHOLD) while you are working? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND/PARTNER 2 OLDER FEMALE CHILD 3 OLDER MALE CHILD 4 OTHER RELATIVES 5 COUSINS 6 FRIENDS 7 NANNY/HIRED PERSON 8 CHILD GOES TO SCHOOL 9 DAYCARE/KINDERGARTEN 10 HASN'T WORKED SINCE LAST BIRTH 95 OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ 96 For women who are currently working and who have a young child living at home, WKKIDCARE (V723) reports who usually cares for the youngest child while the woman is working. 00 Respondent 01 Husband /partner 02 Other child 03 Other relatives 04 Neighbors 05 Friends 06 Servants /hired help 07 Child is in school 08 Institutional care 09 Child's grandparents 10 Other female child 11 Other male child 95 Not worked since birth 96 Other 97 Don't know 98 Missing Work Variables -- TOPICS Respondent worked recently 711. Have you done any work in the last 12 months? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 801) WKWORKLASTYR (V731) indicates whether the respondent worked recently (i.e., was currently working, was on leave from a job in the past 7 days, or worked in the past year). 00 No 10 Yes 11 Worked in the past year 12 Currently working 13 Has a job, but on leave last 7 days 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Respondent works all year, seasonally, or occasionally 716. Do you usually work throughout the year, or do you work seasonally, or only once in a while? THROUGHOUT THE YEAR 1 (GO TO 718) SEASONALLY/PART OF THE YEAR 2 ONCE IN A WHILE 3 (GO TO 719) WKEMPLOYWHEN (V732) indicates whether the woman works throughout the year, seasonally, or occasionally. 10 All year 20 Less than all year 21 Most of the year 22 Part of the year 23 Seasonally 24 Occasionally 25 Temporary 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) 29 Other Work Variables -- TOPICS Months worked in the last year 717. Out of the last 12 months, how many months did you work? NUMBER OF MONTHS ____ For women who reported working seasonally, WKMONTHSYR (V733) reports how many months they worked in the last year. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Days worked in a typical week 718. Over the last 12 months, about how many days per week did you generally work? NUMBER OF DAYS ____ (GO TO 720) WKDAYSPERWK (V734) reports how many days the woman worked in a typical week, during the months she worked in the last 12 months. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Number of days worked in the last year 719. Over the last 12 months, about how many days did you work? NUMBER OF DAYS ____ WKDAYSLASTYR (V735) reports the number of days the woman worked in the 12 months prior to the interview. 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Earnings for work 721. How much do you usually earn for this work? INSIST: Is it by day, by week or by month? RECORD IN MGF X 1,000. BY HOUR 1 _____ BY DAY 2 _____ BY WEEK 3 _____ BY MONTH 4 _____ BY YEAR 5 _____ OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 999996 For respondents who reported earning cash for their work, WKINCOME (V736) is an 8-digit numeric variable that reports the usual amount the respondent earns in cash. The first digit gives the units in which the amount was specified, while the remaining 7 digits give the total amount. The first digit, or units digit, is coded as follows: 1 indicates earnings per hour 2 indicates earnings per day 3 indicates earnings per week 4 indicates earnings per month 5 indicates earnings per year For example, 30000400 would indicate that the respondent received 400 per week. The currency and units of currency used are both country-specific. The values reported in WKINCOME are used to create two other variables with standard time units: WKINCOMEDAY 99999997 Don't know 99999998 Missing 99999999 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Approximate daily earnings 721. How much do you usually earn for this work? INSIST: Is it by day, by week or by month? RECORD IN MGF X 1,000. BY HOUR 1 _____ BY DAY 2 _____ BY WEEK 3 _____ BY MONTH 4 _____ BY YEAR 5 _____ OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 999996 For respondents who reported earning cash for their work, WKINCOMEDAY (V737) is a 7-digit numeric variable that reports the respondent's daily earnings. The values are estimated from the earnings and unit reported in WKINCOME (V736). 9999995 9999995+ 9999997 Don't know 9999998 Missing 9999999 NIU (not in universe) 9999994 Not paid in cash Work Variables -- TOPICS Approximate yearly earnings 721. How much do you usually earn for this work? INSIST: Is it by day, by week or by month? RECORD IN MGF X 1,000. BY HOUR 1 _____ BY DAY 2 _____ BY WEEK 3 _____ BY MONTH 4 _____ BY YEAR 5 _____ OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 999996 For respondents who reported earning cash for their work, WKINCOMEYR (V738) is a 7-digit numeric variable that reports the respondent's yearly earnings. The values are estimated from the earnings and unit reported in WKINCOME (V736). 9999994 Not paid in cash 9999995 9999995+ 9999996 Other responses 9999998 Missing 9999999 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Type of land where respondent works 714. Do you work mainly on your own land or on family land, or do you work on land that you rent from someone else, or do you work on someone else's land? OWN LAND 1 FAMILY LAND 2 RENTED LAND 3 SOMEONE ELSE'S LAND 4 WKTYPELAND (V740) reports the type of land where the respondent has done agricultural work (currently or in the last 12 months). 10 Own land 20 Family land 30 Someone else's land 40 Rented land 50 Other responses 51 Public land/govt allocation 52 Communal land/shifting cultivation 53 Sharecropper 54 Other, unspecified 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Partner's occupation 706. What is (was) your husband's/partner's occupation? That is, what kind of work does (did) he mainly do? _____ HUSJOB (V705) reports the occupation of the woman's husband/partner in somewhat standardized categories. The categories included, and the degree of detail within broad categories (e.g., self-employed versus employee in agriculture, or simply agriculture), vary across samples. IPUMS-DHS employs composite coding to maximize comparability across samples (using the first digit of the codes to indicate broader job categories) without loss of detailed information (preserved in the second digit). The category "agriculture" includes fishermen, foresters, breeders, and hunters as well as farmers. 10 Did not work 11 Not working, student or applicant 12 Unemployed 13 Student 20 Prof., Tech., Manag. 30 Clerical or Sales 31 Clerical 32 Sales 40 Agricultural, breeding, fishing, forest 41 Agriculture, self-employed 42 Agriculture, employee 50 Household, domestic, and services 51 Household and domestic 52 Services 60 Skilled and unskilled manual 61 Skilled manual 62 Unskilled manual 70 Other 71 Army 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Type of land where partner works 708. Did/Does your husband/partner work mainly on his own land or on family land, or does/did he work on land that he rents/rented from someone else, or does/did he work on someone else's land? OWN LAND 1 FAMILY LAND 2 RENTED LAND 3 SOMEONE ELSE'S LAND 4 For women who are currently married and whose husband or partner works in agriculture, WKHUSLAND (V707) reports the type of land where he works. 10 Own/family land 11 Own land 12 Family land 20 Someone else's land 30 Rented land 40 Other responses 41 Public land/govt allocation 42 Communal land/shifting cultivation 43 Sharecropper 44 Other, unspecified 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Household wealth index in quintiles WEALTHQ (V190) refers to the relative wealth of the household where the woman lives, divided into quintiles from the poorest (code 1) to the richest (code 5). The wealth index is defined in the DHS Recode Manuals as follows: The wealth index is a composite measure of a household's cumulative living standard. The wealth index is calculated using easy-to-use data on a household's ownership of selected assets, such as televisions and bicycles; materials used for housing construction; and types of water access and sanitation facilities. Generated with a statistical procedure known as principal components analysis, the wealth index places individual households on a continuous scale of relative wealth. DHS separates all interviewed households into five quintiles of wealth. For additional information about the calculation and meaning of the wealth index, users should consult the summary information about the wealth index on The DHS Program website here [URL omitted from DDI.] and/or the DHS Comparative Report on "The DHS Wealth Index" here [URL omitted from DDI.]. The complementary variable WEALTHS reports the wealth index factor score for the woman's household in a specific sample. WEALTHQ and WEALTHS are included on the woman's record for Phase 5 forward only. IPUMS-DHS has made available these variables for Phase 2 forward, by linking the wealth index files to the woman's individual recode files. The variables used to calculate wealth index quintiles and the level of wealth implied by a specific ranking are sample-specific. See Comparability. 1 Poorest 2 Poorer 3 Middle 4 Richer 5 Richest 8 Missing Wealth index Variables -- TOPICS Wealth index factor score (5 decimals) WEALTHS (V191) refers to the household's wealth index value generated by the product of standardized scores (z-scores) and factor coefficient scores (factor loadings) of wealth indicators. Most researchers will want to use instead the complementary variable WEALTHQ (V190), which reports quintile ranking (from poorest to richest) of the woman's household, in terms of wealth score, for a given sample. For further information about the calculation and meaning of the wealth index, see the description of WEALTHQ, the summary information about the wealth index on the DHS Program website here [URL omitted from DDI.] and/or the DHS Comparative Report on "The DHS Wealth Index" here [URL omitted from DDI.]. The variables used to calculate wealth index scores are sample-specific. See Comparability. WEALTHS (V191) is a 12-digit numeric variable. Wealth index Variables -- TOPICS Reported literacy 114. Can you read and understand a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all? EASILY 1 WITH DIFFICULTY 2 NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 116) LIT1 (V108) indicates whether the woman could read. This information was obtained in response to the question, "Can you read a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?" In many countries, persons with secondary or higher levels of schooling were presumed to "read easily," but coding criteria varied across countries. Simply asking women whether and how easily they could read was the approach used to determine literacy in DHS Phases 1-3. Beginning in Phase 4, a different approach was employed to determine literacy. See LIT2 (V155) for details about that second approach, which involved having the respondent read a sentence aloud. See LITBRIG for information about using the data on literacy across all phases of the DHS. 00 Cannot read 10 Reads 11 Reads with difficulty 12 Reads easily 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Literacy bridging variable 114. Can you read and understand a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all? EASILY 1 WITH DIFFICULTY 2 NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 116) LITBRIG serves as a bridging variable between two approaches to collecting information on literacy. Initially, respondents were asked, "Can you read a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?" In many countries, persons with secondary or higher levels of schooling were presumed to "read easily," but coding criteria varied across countries. Beginning with Phase 4 of the DHS, persons with less than secondary school education were asked to demonstrate their literacy level by reading aloud a sentence on a card and were classified as "cannot read at all," "able to read only parts of sentence," and "able to read whole sentence." As before, those with secondary or higher schooling were presumed to have attained the highest literacy level. LITBRIG combines information from the first approach of asking about literacy (in LIT1 [V108]) and the second approach of testing literacy based on reading a sentence aloud (in LIT2 [V155]). See Comparability for more information. 10 Yes, reads 11 Reads easily/whole sentence 12 Reads with difficulty/part of sentence 20 No, cannot read 30 Not ascertained (blind or diff. language) 31 No card with required language 32 Blind or visually impaired 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Highest educational level 108. What is the highest level of school you attended: primary, secondary, or higher? PRIMARY 1 MIDDLE SCHOOL 2 HIGH SCHOOL 3 HIGHER 4 For women who ever went to school, EDUCLVL (V106) reports the highest level of school they attended. Countries vary in the gradations of their school systems, but EDUCLVL is a standardized variable reporting level of education in four broad categories: No education, Primary, Secondary, and Higher. The DHS recode manuals state, "In some countries the educational system does not fit naturally within this scheme, and a different categorization was used for the Final Report. In this case, this variable is constructed as accurately as possible from the country's own scheme, and the variable used for the Final Report is included as a country-specific variable." 0 No education 1 Primary 2 Secondary 3 Higher 8 Missing Education Variables -- TOPICS Highest year of education in level 109. What is the highest grade you completed at that level? GRADE ____ For women who ever attended school, YRSCHL (V107) reports the number of years of education completed at the highest level of schooling achieved (primary, secondary, or higher), as reported in EDUCLVL (V106). See Comparability. For the woman's total years of education, see EDYRTOTAL (V133). 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Total years education 109. What is the highest grade you completed at that level? GRADE ____ EDYRTOTAL (V133) reports the woman's education level in single years. This variable is constructed from responses to EDUCLVL (V106) and YRSCHL (V107) as follows: If EDUCLVL = "No education," EDYRTOTAL = "0" If EDUCLVL = "Primary," EDYRTOTAL = YRSCHL If EDUCLVL = "Secondary," EDYRTOTAL = YRSCHL + x If EDUCLVL = "Higher," EDYRTOTAL = YRSCHL + y If EDUCLVL = "Missing," EDYRTOTAL = "Missing" In the above equations, "x" equals the number of years needed to complete primary education, and "y" equals the number of years needed to complete primary and secondary education. The values of "x" and "y" are country-specific. 98 Missing 97 Don't know 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 01 1 00 0 96 Inconsistent 27 27 Education Variables -- TOPICS Summary educational achievement 109. What is the highest grade you completed at that level? GRADE ____ EDACHIEVER (V149) is a summary variable that reports the woman's highest level of education in broad categories. Countries vary in the gradations of their school systems, but EDACHIEVER is a standardized variable providing the level of education in six categories: No education, Incomplete primary, Complete primary, Incomplete secondary, Complete secondary, and Higher. EDACHIEVER is constructed from information contained in EDUCLVL (V106) and YRSCHL (V107). 0 No education 1 Incomplete primary 2 Complete primary 3 Incomplete secondary 4 Complete secondary 5 Higher 8 Missing Education Variables -- TOPICS Woman still in school 111. Do you currently attend school? YES 1 (GO TO 113) NO 2 INSCHOOL (V148) indicates whether young women are currently attending school or university. Women age 24 or older are assumed to no longer be in school and automatically coded as "No" (code "0"). 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Reason woman stopped attending school 112. What is the main reason you stopped going to school? GOT PREGNANT 01 GOT MARRIED 02 TO WATCH YOUNGER CHILDREN 03 FAMILY NEEDED HELP IN FIELDS/AT WORK 04 COULD NOT PAY FEES 05 NEEDED TO EARN MONEY 06 SUFFICIENTLY SCHOOLED 07 FAILED AT SCHOOL 08 NO LONGER LIKED SCHOOL 09 SCHOOL INACCESSIBLE/TOO FAR 10 OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 96 DOESN'T KNOW 98 For women who had ever attended, but are no longer attending school, WHYDROPOUT (V154) reports the reason why they stopped attending school. 01 Got pregnant 02 Got married 03 Needed to take care of children 04 Family needed help 05 Could not pay for school 06 Needed to earn money 07 Graduated/had enough schooling 08 Failed/did not pass exams 09 Did not like school 10 School was not accessible/too far 11 Preferred to work 12 Health problems/got sick 13 Told by parents to stop 14 No opportunity to continue/no vacancies 15 School shut down/no teacher 16 Moved 17 Waiting for approved admission 18 Family displaced 96 Other 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Partner's educational level 704. What was the highest level of school he attended: primary, secondary or higher? PRIMARY 1 SECONDARY 1 2 SECONDARY 2 3 HIGHER 4 (GO TO 706) For women who had ever been married or lived with a man, HUSEDLVL (V701) reports the highest level of school attended by their most recent husband/partner. Countries vary in the gradations of their school systems, but HUSEDLVL is a standardized variable reporting the level of education in four categories: No education, Primary, Secondary, and Higher. The DHS recode manuals state, "In some countries the educational system does not fit naturally within this scheme, and a different categorization was used for the Final Report. In this case, this variable is constructed as accurately as possible from the country's own scheme, and the variable used for the Final Report is included as a country-specific variable." 0 No education 1 Primary 2 Secondary 3 Higher 4 Other 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Partner's highest year of education in level 705. What was the highest grade he completed at that level? GRADE ____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 For women whose most recent husband/partner had ever attended school, HUSEDYR (V702) reports the number of years of schooling completed by their husband/partner at the educational level (primary, secondary, or higher) reported in HUSEDLVL (V701). For the husband's total years of education, see HUSEDYRS (V715). 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 95 Other 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Partner's education in total years schooling 705. What was the highest grade he completed at that level? GRADE ____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 For women who had ever been married or lived with a man, HUSEDYRS (V715) reports the education of the woman's most recent husband/partner in single years. This variable is constructed from responses to HUSEDLVL (V701) and HUSEDYR (V702) as follows: If HUSEDLVL = "No education," HUSEDYRS = "0" If HUSEDLVL = "Primary," HUSEDYRS = HUSEDYR If HUSEDLVL = "Secondary," HUSEDYRS = HUSEDYR + x If HUSEDLVL = "Higher," HUSEDYRS = HUSEDYR + y If HUSEDLVL = "Missing," HUSEDYRS = "Missing" In the above equations, "x" equals the number of years needed to complete primary education, and "y" equals the number of years needed to complete primary and secondary education. The values of "x" and "y" are country-specific. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 95 Other 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Husband's summary educational achievement 705. What was the highest grade he completed at that level? GRADE ____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 HUSEDACHIEVER (V729) is a summary variable that reports the highest level of education in broad categories for the woman's husband/partner. Countries vary in the gradations of their school systems, but HUSEDACHIEVER is a standardized variable providing the level of education in six categories: No education, Incomplete primary, Complete primary, Incomplete secondary, Complete secondary, and Higher. HUSEDACHIEVER is constructed from information contained in the HUSEDLVL (V701) and HUSEDYR (V702) variables. 0 No education 1 Incomplete primary 2 Complete primary 3 Incomplete secondary 4 Complete secondary 5 Higher 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Reads newspaper once a week 115. Do you read a newspaper or magazine at least once a week? YES 1 NO 2 NEWSWK (V109) indicates whether the woman usually reads a newspaper or magazine at least once a week. For a comparable variable reporting the frequency of newspaper or magazine reading, see NEWSFQ (V157). For a variable bridging NEWSWK and NEWSFQ, see NEWSBRIG. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Media exposure Variables -- TOPICS Reads newspaper: Bridging variable 115. Do you read a newspaper or magazine at least once a week? YES 1 NO 2 NEWSBRIG serves as a bridging variable between two approaches to collecting information on exposure to newspapers and magazines. For DHS Phases 1-3, respondents were asked whether they read a newspaper or magazine at least once a week (NEWSWK (V109)). Beginning in DHS Phase 4, respondents were asked how often they read newspapers or magazines (NEWSFQ (V157)). NEWSBRIG uses composite coding to combine data from these two approaches. See Comparability for more information. 00 No 01 No, not at all 02 No, less than once a week 10 Yes 11 At least once a week 12 Almost every day 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) 97 Don't know Media exposure Variables -- TOPICS Watches TV every week 117. Do you watch the television at least once a week? YES 1 NO 2 TVWK (V110) indicates whether the woman usually watches television at least once a week. For a comparable variable reporting the frequency of watching television, see TVFQ (V159). For a variable bridging TVWK and TVFQ, see TVBRIG. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Media exposure Variables -- TOPICS Watches television: Bridging variable 117. Do you watch the television at least once a week? YES 1 NO 2 TVBRIG serves as a bridging variable between two approaches to collecting information on exposure to television. For DHS Phases 1-3, respondents were asked whether they watch television at least once a week (TVWK (V110)). Beginning in DHS Phase 4, respondents were asked how often they watch television (TVFQ (V159)). TVBRIG uses composite coding to combine data from these two approaches; see Comparability. 00 No 01 No, not at all 02 No, less than once a week 10 Yes 11 At least once a week 12 Almost every day 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) 97 Don't know Media exposure Variables -- TOPICS Listens to radio every day 116. Do you listen to the radio at least once a day? YES 1 NO 2 RADIODAY (V111) indicates whether the woman usually listens to the radio every day. 1 Yes 8 Missing 0 No Media exposure Variables -- TOPICS Listens to radio every week 116. Do you listen to the radio at least once a day? YES 1 NO 2 RADIOWK (V112) indicates whether the woman usually listens to the radio at least once a week. Women who reported that they listen to the radio daily (see RADIODAY (V111)) were automatically coded as "Yes." For a comparable variable reporting the frequency of listening to the radio, see RADIOFQ (V158). For a variable bridging RADIOWK and RADIOFQ, see RADIOBRIG. 1 Yes 8 Missing 0 No Media exposure Variables -- TOPICS Listens to radio: Bridging variable 116. Do you listen to the radio at least once a day? YES 1 NO 2 RADIOBRIG serves as a bridging variable between two approaches to collecting information on exposure to the radio. For DHS Phases 1-3, respondents were asked whether they listen to the radio at least once a week (RADIOWK (V112)). Beginning in DHS Phase 4, respondents were asked how often they listen to the radio (RADIOFQ (V158)). RADIOBRIG uses composite coding to combine data from these two approaches; see Comparability. 00 No 01 Not at all 02 Less than once a week 10 Yes 11 At least once a week 12 Almost every day 98 Missing 97 Don't know Media exposure Variables -- TOPICS Final say on spending woman's earnings 722. CHECK 502: YES, CURRENTLY MARRIED OR LIVING WITH A MAN. Who principally decides how the money you earn will be used? NO, NOT IN UNION. Who principally decides how the money you earn will be used? ('HUSBAND/PARTNER' OMITTED IN RESPONSE SET) RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND/PARTNER 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND/PARTNER JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 SOMEONE ELSE AND RESPONDENT TOGETHER 5 For women who have worked in the last 12 months and were paid in cash or in cash and in kind in the last 12 months, DECFEMEARN (V739) indicates who in the woman's household usually makes decisions regarding how the income she earns is spent. 10 Woman alone 20 Woman and husband/partner 30 Woman and someone else 40 Husband/partner 50 Someone else 51 Mother or father 52 Aunt or uncle 53 Family elders 54 Someone else, unspecified 60 Other or not applciable 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Decision-making Variables -- TOPICS Fertility preferences 602. CHECK 227: NOT PREGNANT OR UNSURE. Now I have some questions about the future. Would you like to have a/another child, or would you prefer not to have any(more) children? PREGNANT. Now I have some questions about the future. After the child you are expecting now, would you like to have another child, or would you prefer not to have any more children? HAVE (A/ANOTHER) CHILD 1 NO MORE/NONE 2 (GO TO 604) SAYS SHE CAN'T GET PREGNANT 3 (GO TO 606) UNDECIDED/DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 604) For countries with low contraceptive prevalence, FERTPREF (V602) reports responses to the question, "Would you like to have a (another) child or would you prefer not to have any (more) children"? The standard response categories are "have another," "no more/none," "says she can't get pregnant," and "undecided or don't know." In Phase I, FERTPREF (V602), was constructed from two questions in countries with high contraceptive prevalence (Model "A" questionnaires). Women who responded that they want another child, but when asked when they would like the next child, respond that they cannot get pregnant, are classified in the "declared infecund category," and not in the "Wants another" category. Some samples also include the response "up to God." More detailed responses under the general category "says she can't get pregnant" are sometimes available. In IPUMS-DHS, all responses in the general category of "not at risk of pregnancy" share a common first digit of 5, while the second digit distinguishes between the specific reasons. In some countries, women who never had sexual intercourse (coded as "53" in IPUMS-DHS) were not asked the questions relating to their desire for future children. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Missing 53 Never had sex 52 Declared infecund 51 Sterilized 50 Not at risk of pregnancy 40 Up to God 30 No more 20 Undecided 10 Have another General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Unmet need for FP UNMETNEED (V624) is a constructed variable that reports a woman's need for family planning according to whether she has an unmet need or a met need to space or to limit her future births. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. The following describes the constructed categories in more detail: Unmet need for spacing includes pregnant women whose pregnancy was mistimed, postpartum amenorrheic women whose last birth was mistimed, and fecund women who are neither pregnant nor postpartum amenorrheic and who are not using any method of family planning and say they want to wait two or more years for their next birth, are undecided about the timing of the next birth, or are undecided whether to have another child. Unmet need for limiting includes pregnant women whose pregnancy was unwanted, postpartum amenorrheic women whose last birth was unwanted, and fecund women who are neither pregnant nor postpartum amenorrheic and who are not using any method of family planning and who want no more children. Met need for spacing includes women who are using some method of family planning and say they want to have another child, are undecided about the timing of the next birth, or are undecided whether to have another child. Met need for limiting includes women who are using family planning and who want no more children. Note that the specific methods (modern or traditional) are not taken into account here. Met need describes women who have no need for contraceptive methods, either because they desire a child soon (within the next two years) or because they are menopausal or infecund. In high contraceptive prevalence countries (Model "A" countries), pregnant and postpartum amenorrheic women whose pregnancy was the result of a contraceptive failure are not included in the category of unmet need, but they are categorized as spacing failures or limiting failures. In low contraceptive prevalence countries (Model "B" countries), no such distinction is made, since information was not collected on contraceptive failure. Infecund women are also excluded from the unmet need categories. The "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" provides the following definitions: Fecundity: A woman is assumed to be fecund unless she declares that she is infecund, had a hysterectomy, or is menopausic. Women who are neither pregnant nor postpartum amenorrheic but who have not menstruated for six or more months, and married women who have not used contraception in the past five years but have not had a birth and are not pregnant, are also considered infecund. Failure to Space: This includes women who are pregnant (not due to a contraceptive failure) or are less than six months postpartum amenorrheic who say they wanted the current pregnancy later. Failure to Limit: This includes women who are pregnant (not due to a contraceptive failure) or are less than six months postpartum amenorrheic who say that they did not want another child before they became pregnant. Excluded from the unmet need category are women who became pregnant while using a method (these women are in need of a better method of contraception). The infecund or menopausal category on the UNMETNEED (V624) variable contains fewer cases than the EXPOSURE1 variable, because women who are categorized as infecund or menopausal, but are currently using a contraceptive method, are recorded in the two "met need" categories in UNMETNEED. UNMETNEED (V624) incorporates responses to the following variables: [EXPOSURE1/V623], which reports the woman's exposure to the risk of pregnancy, defined as pregnant, postpartum amenorrheic, menopausal or infecund, and fecund. [ V225], which reports whether a current pregnancy was wanted then, later or not at all (for women who were pregnant at the time of interview). [KIDDESIRE/V605] ,which reports whether the woman wants more children and when she would like them. [FPMETHNOW/V312] which reports the woman's current use of contraception. Users are also encouraged to see details of this variable provided in the "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006) [URL omitted from DDI.]. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Missing 61 Desire birth in less than 2 years 60 No unmet need 53 Never had sex 52 Not in union, not sexually active 51 Infecund or menopausal 50 Not at risk 41 No sex, want to wait 40 Future need for FP 32 Limiting failure 31 Spacing failure 30 Had FP failure 22 Using to limit 21 Using to space 20 Now using FP 12 Unmet need to limit 11 Unmet need to space 10 Has unmet need for FP General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Unmet need for FP (2nd def) UNMETNEED2 (V626) is a constructed variable that indicates a woman's need for family planning according to whether she has an unmet need or a met need to space or to limit her future births. UNMETNEED2 is similar to UNMETNEED, but UNMETNEED2 differently categorizes women who are infecund or menopausal but are currently using a contraceptive method. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. The construction of UNMETNEED2 uses a definition of fecundity based on exposure status as reported in EXPOSURE2. UNMETNEED, by contrast, uses a definition of exposure status as reported in EXPOSURE1. See the descriptions of these two variables for discussion of their differences. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Unknown 53 No sex, want to wait/not married and no sex in last 30 days 52 Never had sex 51 Infecund, menopausal 50 Not at risk for pregnancy 41 Desire birth in less than 2 yrs 40 No unmet need 32 Limiting failure 31 Spacing failure 30 Family limitation failure 22 Using to limit 21 Using to space 20 Now using FP 12 Unmet need to limit 11 Unmet need to space 10 Has unmet need for FP General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Desire for more children 602. CHECK 227: NOT PREGNANT OR UNSURE. Now I have some questions about the future. Would you like to have a/another child, or would you prefer not to have any(more) children? PREGNANT. Now I have some questions about the future. After the child you are expecting now, would you like to have another child, or would you prefer not to have any more children? HAVE (A/ANOTHER) CHILD 1 NO MORE/NONE 2 (GO TO 604) SAYS SHE CAN'T GET PREGNANT 3 (GO TO 606) UNDECIDED/DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 604) KIDDESIRE (V605) is a constructed variable that distinguishes between women who want another child soon (in less than two years), who want another child later (in 2+ years), who want no more children, and who aren't sure (about timing or about the number of children desired). When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. The construction of this variable has changed across phases of the DHS and varies across countries (only sometimes distinguishing between groups of women not at risk of pregnancy due to sterilization, infecundity, or virginity). To maximize comparability across samples, IPUMS-DHS employs composite coding. Women who want more children share a common first digit of 1, women not at risk of pregnancy share a common first digit of 6, and detail present in only some samples is specified in the code's second digit. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Unknown 63 Never had sex 62 Declared infecund 61 Sterilized 60 Not at risk of pregnancy 51 Up to God 50 Fatalistic response 40 Wants no more 30 Undecided 13 Wants, unsure timing 12 Wants after 2+ years 11 Wants within 2 years 10 Wants more children General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Wanted last child 405. At the time you became pregnant with (NAME), did you want to become pregnant then, did you want to wait until later, or did you not want to have any (more) children at all? THEN 1 (GO TO 407) LATER 2 NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 407) FPLCHDESIRE (V367) reports whether the woman's last born child was wanted at the time she got pregnant, was wanted but at a later time, or was not wanted at all. The cutoff point for when the woman's last child was born varies across samples; see Comparability. 1 Wanted last child then 2 Wanted last child later 3 Wanted no more children 7 Unsure 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Attitude toward becoming pregnant 605. If you were to become pregnant in the next several weeks, would you be happy, not happy, or indifferent? HAPPY 1 NOT HAPPY 2 INDIFFERENT 3 ATTPREG (V606) reports the woman's attitude towards becoming pregnant. This question is asked of women who are at risk of becoming pregnant, but the definition of "at risk" varies across samples; see Comparability. 6 Other 1 Happy 2 Unhappy 3 Would not matter 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Time wanted current pregnancy 229. At the time you became pregnant, did you want to become pregnant then, did you want to wait until later, or did you not want to have any (more) children at all? THEN 1 LATER 2 NOT AT ALL 3 For women who are currently pregnant, PGDESIRE (V225) reports whether, at the time of becoming pregnant, the woman wanted her pregnancy then, later, or not at all. 1 Then 2 Later 3 Not at all 4 Up to God 7 Don't know/Not sure 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ideal number of children 612. CHECK 216: HAS LIVING CHILDREN. If you could go back to the time you did not have any children and could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be? PROBE FOR A NUMERIC RESPONSE. NO LIVING CHILDREN. If you could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be? PROBE FOR A NUMERIC RESPONSE. NUMBER ____ OTHER (SPECIFY) ________ 96 (GO TO 614) IDEALKID (V613) reports the ideal total number of children the woman would have liked to have in her whole life, regardless of her actual childbearing. The information is collected through hypothetical questions such as, "If you could go back to the time you did not have any children and could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be?" (for women with living children) or "If you could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be?" (for women without living children). If the woman responded with a range of values, IDEALKID reports the midpoint between those values. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, "If the midpoint is not an exact number then the number is rounded up in half the cases and rounded down for the other half." The questionnaires included space for non-numeric "other" responses, such as "Up to God." When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 98 Missing 97 Don't know 66 Number she has currently 65 Depends on husband 64 As many as possible 63 Never thought about it 62 Any number/Fatalistic 61 Up to God/As Allah wills 60 Non-numeric response 50 50 49 49 48 48 47 47 46 46 45 45 44 44 43 43 42 42 41 41 40 40 39 39 38 38 37 37 36 36 35 35 34 34 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 01 1 00 0 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 67 As many as can care for 68 Doesn't want children 99 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ideal number of children (grouped) 612. CHECK 216: HAS LIVING CHILDREN. If you could go back to the time you did not have any children and could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be? PROBE FOR A NUMERIC RESPONSE. NO LIVING CHILDREN. If you could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be? PROBE FOR A NUMERIC RESPONSE. NUMBER ____ OTHER (SPECIFY) ________ 96 (GO TO 614) Like IDEALKID, IDEALKIDGRP (V614) reports the total number of children the woman would hypothetically like to have in her whole life, regardless of her actual childbearing, but top-codes numeric responses at 6+ children and codes non-numeric responses as 7. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 8 Missing 7 Non-numeric response 6 6+ 5 5 4 4 3 3 2 2 1 1 0 [no label] 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ideal number of boy children 613. How many of these children would you like to be boys, how many would you like to be girls and for how many would the sex not matter? BOYS ____ OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 96 GIRLS ____ OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 96 EITHER ____ OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 96 Based on a follow-up question to IDEALKID (V613), which collects information about the ideal number of children the woman would hypothetically want to have in her whole life, IDEALBOYS (V627) reports how many of these children would ideally be boys. Numeric responses to IDEALBOYS (V627), IDEALGIRLS (V628), and IDEALBOTH (V629) should sum to the total number of children in IDEALKID (V613). Non-numeric responses (such as "up to God") are allowed for each of these variables. 98 Missing 97 Don't know 63 Never thought about it 62 Any number/Fatalistic 61 Up to God/As Allah wills 60 Non-numeric response 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 01 1 00 0 64 As many as possible 65 Depends on husband 99 NIU (not in universe) 66 Number she has currently 69 No sex preference General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ideal number of girl children 613. How many of these children would you like to be boys, how many would you like to be girls and for how many would the sex not matter? BOYS ____ OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 96 GIRLS ____ OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 96 EITHER ____ OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 96 Based on a follow-up question to IDEALKID (V613), which collects information about the ideal number of children the woman would hypothetically want to have in her whole life, IDEALGIRLS reports how many of these children would ideally be girls. Numeric responses to IDEALGIRLS (V628), IDEALBOYS (V627), and IDEALBOTH (V629) should sum to the total number of children in IDEALKID (V613). Non-numeric responses (such as "up to God") are allowed for each of these variables. 98 Missing 97 Don't know 63 Never thought about it 62 Any number/Fatalistic 61 God's decision/Allah's will 60 Non-numeric response 40 40 39 39 38 38 37 37 36 36 35 35 34 34 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 01 1 00 0 64 As many as possible 65 Depends on husband 99 NIU (not in universe) 66 Number she has currently 69 No sex preference General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ideal number of children of either sex 613. How many of these children would you like to be boys, how many would you like to be girls and for how many would the sex not matter? BOYS ____ OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 96 GIRLS ____ OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 96 EITHER ____ OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 96 Based on a follow-up question to IDEALKID (V613), which collects information about the ideal number of children the woman would hypothetically want to have in her whole life, IDEALBOTH (V629) reports the ideal number of children of either sex (i.e., with no gender preference). Numeric responses to IDEALGIRLS (V628), IDEALBOYS (V627), and IDEALBOTH (V629) should sum to the total number of children in IDEALKID. Non-numeric responses (such as "up to God") are allowed for each of these variables. 98 Missing 97 Don't know 63 Never thought about it 62 Any number/Fatalistic 61 Up to God/As Allah wills 60 Non-numeric response 40 40 39 39 38 38 37 37 36 36 35 35 34 34 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 01 1 00 0 64 As many as possible 65 Depends on husband 66 Number she has currently 99 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ideal time before future birth 603. CHECK 227: NOT PREGNANT OR UNSURE How long would you like to wait from now before the birth of (a/another) child? PREGNANT After the birth of the child you are expecting now, how long would you like to wait before the birth of another child? MONTHS 1 ____ YEARS 2 ____ SOON/NOW 993 (GO TO 606) SAYS SHE CAN'T GET PREGNANT 994 (GO TO 606) AFTER MARRIAGE 995 (GO TO 606) OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ 996 DOESN'T KNOW 998 IDEALBTHFUT (V616) reports how long the woman would like to wait before the birth of a/another child. 100 Less than 1 month 101 1 month 102 2 months 103 3 months 104 4 months 105 5 months 106 6 months 107 7 months 108 8 months 109 9 months 110 10 months 111 11 months 112 12 months 113 13 months 114 14 months 115 15 months 116 16 months 117 17 months 118 18 months 119 19 months 120 20 months 121 21 months 122 22 months 123 23 months 124 24 months 125 25 months 126 26 months 127 27 months 128 28 months 129 29 months 130 30 months 131 31 months 132 32 months 133 33 months 134 34 months 135 35 months 136 36 months 137 37 months 138 38 months 139 39 months 140 40 months 141 41 months 142 42 months 143 43 months 144 44 months 145 45 months 146 46 months 147 47 months 148 48 months 149 49 months 150 50 months 151 51 months 152 52 months 153 53 months 154 54 months 155 55 months 156 56 months 157 57 months 158 58 months 159 59 months 160 60 months 161 61 months 162 62 months 163 63 months 164 64 months 165 65 months 166 66 months 167 67 months 168 68 months 169 69 months 170 70 months 171 71 months 172 72 months 173 73 months 174 74 months 175 75 months 176 76 months 177 77 months 178 78 months 179 79 months 180 80 months 181 81 months 182 82 months 183 83 months 184 84 months 185 85 months 186 86 months 187 87 months 188 88 months 189 89 months 190 90 months 191 91 months 192 92 months 193 93 months 194 94 months 195 95 months 196 96 months 197 97 months 198 98 months 199 Months, unspecified number 200 Less than 1 year 201 1 year 202 2 years 203 3 years 204 4 years 205 5 years 206 6 years 207 7 years 208 8 years 209 9 years 210 10 years 211 11 years 212 12 years 213 13 years 214 14 years 215 15 years 216 16 years 217 17 years 218 18 years 219 19 years 220 20 years 221 21 years 222 22 years 223 23 years 224 24 years 225 25 years 226 26 years 227 27 years 228 28 years 229 29 years 230 30 years 231 31 years 232 32 years 233 33 years 234 34 years 235 35+ years 299 Years, number missing 989 Up to God 990 After finishing school 991 After marriage 992 When husband returns 993 After breastfeeding 994 At any time 995 Soon/now 996 Other 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Preferred waiting time for birth of a(nother) child 603. CHECK 227: NOT PREGNANT OR UNSURE How long would you like to wait from now before the birth of (a/another) child? PREGNANT After the birth of the child you are expecting now, how long would you like to wait before the birth of another child? MONTHS 1 ____ YEARS 2 ____ SOON/NOW 993 (GO TO 606) SAYS SHE CAN'T GET PREGNANT 994 (GO TO 606) AFTER MARRIAGE 995 (GO TO 606) OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ 996 DOESN'T KNOW 998 For women who want to have a/another child, PREFTIMECH (V603) reports the amount of time, in months or years, they would like to wait before the birth of a/another child (top-coded at 20 years). The complementary variable PREFTIMECH (V604) reports responses to the same question, but in terms of years only, top-coded at 6+ years. PREFTIMECH includes women who are either pregnant or at risk of pregnancy. However, the definition of "at risk of pregnancy" varies across samples, and the way this variable was asked and calculated also changed over time; see Comparability. 100 Less than one month (want now) 101 1 month 102 2 months 103 3 months 104 4 months 105 5 months 106 6 months 107 7 months 108 8 months 109 9 months 110 10 months 111 11 months 112 12 months 113 13 months 114 14 months 115 15 months 116 16 months 117 17 months 118 18 months 119 19 months 120 20 months 121 21 months 122 22 months 123 23 months 124 24 months 125 25 months 126 26 months 127 27 months 128 28 months 129 29 months 130 30 months 131 31 months 132 32 months 133 33 months 134 34 months 135 35 months 136 36 months 137 37 months 138 38 months 139 39 months 140 40 months 141 41 months 142 42 months 143 43 months 144 44 months 145 45 months 146 46 months 147 47 months 148 48 months 149 49 months 150 50 months 151 51 months 152 52 months 153 53 months 154 54 months 155 55 months 156 56 months 157 57 months 158 58 months 159 59 months 160 60 months 161 61 months 162 62 months 163 63 months 164 64 months 165 65 months 166 66 months 167 67 months 168 68 months 169 69 months 170 70 months 171 71 months 172 72 months 173 73 months 174 74 months 175 75 months 176 76 months 177 77 months 178 78 months 179 79 months 180 80 months 181 81 months 182 82 months 183 83 months 184 84 months 185 85 months 186 86 months 187 87 months 188 88 months 189 89 months 190 90 months 191 91 months 192 92 months 193 93 months 194 94 months 195 95 months 196 96 months 197 97 months 198 98 months 199 Months, number unspecified 200 Less than one year 201 1 year 202 2 years 203 3 years 204 4 years 205 5 years 206 6 years 207 7 years 208 8 years 209 9 years 210 10 years 211 11 years 212 12 years 213 13 years 214 14 years 215 15 years 216 16 years 217 17 years 218 18 years 219 19 years 220 20 years or more 299 Years, number unspecified 987 After weaning 989 After finishing school 990 When spouse returns 991 Up to God 992 After marriage 993 Any time 994 Soon or immediately 995 Other, non-numeric response 996 Inconsistent response 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Preferred waiting time for birth of a(nother) child (grouped) 603. CHECK 227: NOT PREGNANT OR UNSURE How long would you like to wait from now before the birth of (a/another) child? PREGNANT After the birth of the child you are expecting now, how long would you like to wait before the birth of another child? MONTHS 1 ____ YEARS 2 ____ SOON/NOW 993 (GO TO 606) SAYS SHE CAN'T GET PREGNANT 994 (GO TO 606) AFTER MARRIAGE 995 (GO TO 606) OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ 996 DOESN'T KNOW 998 For women who want to have a/another child, PREFTIMECHGP (V604) reports the amount of time, in years, they would like to wait before the birth of a/another child, top-coded at 6+ years. PREFTIMECHGP includes women who are either pregnant or at risk of pregnancy. However, the definition of "at risk of pregnancy" varies across samples; see Comparability. The related variable PREFTIMECH presents the same information in greater detail, in terms of months or years, top-coded at 20 years. 00 Less than 12 months 01 1 year 02 2 years 03 3 years 04 4 years 05 5 years 06 6 or more years 96 Non-numeric response 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Husband's desire for children 623. Do you think that your husband/partner wants the same number of children that you want, or does he want more or fewer than you want? SAME NUMBER 1 MORE CHILDREN 2 FEWER CHILDREN 3 DOESN'T KNOW 8 HUSFERTPREF (V621) reports whether the woman believes her partner wants the same number of children, more children, or fewer children than she wants. 01 Both want same 02 Husband wants more 03 Husband wants fewer 07 Don't Know 08 Missing 09 NIU (not in universe) 04 Both provided non-numeric response General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Respondent approves of couples using FP 614. In general, do you approve or disapprove of couples that use a method to avoid becoming pregnant? APPROVE 1 DISAPPROVE 2 NO OPINION 3 FPAPPROVE (V612) indicates whether the woman approves, in general, of the use of family planning to avoid a pregnancy. 0 Disapproves 1 Approves 3 Depends 7 Don't know/Undecided 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Husband approves FP use Spouses don't always agree on everything. Now I would like to ask you some questions about your husband's/partner's opinions on family planning. 621. Do you think that your husband/partner approves or disapproves of couples that use a method to avoid a pregnancy? APPROVES 1 DISAPPROVES 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 HUSPROFP (V610) indicates whether the woman believes her husband or male partner approves of couples using a family planning method to avoid pregnancy. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 10 Disapproves 20 Approves or indifferent 21 Approves 22 Indifferent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Fecund, pregnant, amenorrheic, or infecund EXPOSURE1 (V623) is a constructed variable that draws upon responses to several questions to differentiate between pregnant women, postpartum amenorrheic women, menopausal or infecund women, and fecund women. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, these categories are actualized as follows: Pregnant women Postpartum amenorrheic women are those whose period has not returned since the last birth in the three/five years preceding the survey. Women are defined as being menopausal if they are not pregnant and not postpartum amenorrheic, are not currently using a contraceptive method, and have not had a period in the six months preceding the survey or report they are in menopause. Women are defined as being infecund if they are not menopausal and not postpartum amenorrheic and not pregnant, have had no birth in the five years preceding the survey, and either (Model "A" countries) have been continuously married and have not used contraception in the five years preceding the survey, or (Model "B" countries) have been married one time and first married five or more years before the survey and have never used contraception. Fecund women are all women not included in the preceding categories. 3 Infecund, menopausal 2 Amenorrheic 1 Pregnant 0 Fecund 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Fecund, pregnant, amenorrheic, or infecund (2nd def) Like EXPOSURE1, EXPOSURE2 (V625) is a constructed variable that draws upon responses to several questions to distinguish between pregnant women, postpartum amenorrheic women, menopausal or infecund women, and fecund women. EXPOSURE2 uses a more liberal definition of infecundity than EXPOSURE1, however. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. The DHS Recode Manuals explain the differences between these two variables as follows: For Model "B" countries, it is only possible to say that a woman had been continuously married throughout the preceding five years if she was in her first union. This definition has been relaxed in V625 [EXPOSURE2], such that the respondent need only have been married at least five years ago, and not continuously married throughout the last five years. For Model "A" countries, there is no change to this part of the definition. [For EXPOSURE2] Two additional variables have been used to declare a woman infecund. If the respondent said that she cannot get pregnant when asked about preferences for additional children, or if she reported that she was menopausal or had a hysterectomy when giving the reason she was not currently using a contraceptive method, the respondent is coded as infecund. Model A countries and Model B countries are defined according to whether the country based its questionnaire on the Model A or Model B standard DHS questionnaire for DHS phases one through four. In general, the Model A questionnaire was designed for use in countries with high contraceptive prevalence. Nonetheless, countries with relatively low contraceptive prevalence sometimes modeled their own questionnaire on the Model A standard questionnaire. This was the case, for example, for the Kenyan samples for 1998 and 2003 and the Malawi samples for 2000 and 2004. 0 Fecund 1 Pregnant 2 Amenorrheic 3 Infecund, menopausal 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know any type of FP method SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPKNOTYP (V301) is a summary (recoded) variable indicating whether the woman knew any family planning method and, if so, whether she knew a modern method or only a traditional or folkloric method. In the DHS, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet) that vary across samples. 00 Knows no method 10 Knows only traditional or folkloric method 11 Knows only folkloric method 12 Knows only traditional method 20 Knows modern method 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about Pill for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPKNOPILL (V304_01) indicates whether the woman knew about the Pill as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about IUD for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPKNOIUD (V304_02) indicates whether the woman knew about the IUD (intra-uterine device) as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. In probe questions, an IUD was often described as "a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse." 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about injectable FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPKNOINJ (V304_03) indicates whether the woman knew about injectables as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. For the probe question, injectables were typically defined as "an injection by a doctor or nurse, which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months." 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about diaphragm for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPKNODIA (V304_04) indicates whether the woman knew about the diaphragm or spermicides, such as a foam or jelly, as a method for family planning. Some phases combine diaphragm and spermicides in the response and some are separate; see Comparability. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about condom for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPKNOCON (V304_05) indicates whether the woman knew about male condoms as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about female sterilization for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPKNOFST (V304_06) indicates whether the woman knew about female sterilization as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about male sterilization for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPKNOMST (V304_07) indicates whether the woman knew about male sterilization as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about implants or Norplant for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPKNOIMP (V304_11) indicates whether the woman knew about implants (such as Norplant) as a method for family planning. Implants were generally described as "small rods placed in their arm by a doctor, which stops them from becoming pregnant for several years." Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about withdrawal for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPKNOWD (V304_09) indicates whether the woman knew about withdrawal as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about rhythm for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPKNORHY (V304_08) indicates whether the woman knew about the rhythm method (periodic abstinence at the high-fertility part of the woman's menstrual cycle) as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 10 Yes 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 00 No 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Knows about medicinal plants or herbs as a method of family planning SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPKNOPLT indicates whether the woman knew about using medicinal plants or herbs as a method for family planning. The complementary variable FPEVUSPLT indicates whether the woman had ever used this method to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Knows about other contraceptive as a method of family planning SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPKNOOM (V304_10) indicates whether the woman knew about any "other" method(s) as a method of family planning. The complementary variable FPEVUSOM indicates whether the woman had ever used any "other" method(s) to delay or avoid a pregnancy. The meaning of "other" in this case depends on the specific response categories included in a given sample. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Thinks breastfeeding related to chance of becoming pregnant 337. Do you think that breastfeeding can influence a women's ability to become pregnant? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 401) DOESN'T KNOW 8 FPBFLINKPG (V396) indicates whether the woman believed breastfeeding could affect the chance of becoming pregnant. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 7 Don't know Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Thinks breastfeeding affects risk of pregnancy how 338. Do you think that breastfeeding increases or decreases a woman's chance of becoming pregnant? INCREASES 1 (GO TO 401) DECREASES 2 IT DEPENDS 3 DOESN'T KNOW 8 FPBFRELPGHOW (V397) reports how the woman thought breastfeeding affects the risk of pregnancy (increases risk, decreases risk, unchanged risk, or depends). Women who answered "No" to a preceding question about whether breastfeeding affects the risk of pregnancy (FPBFLINKPG) (V396) are coded "0" (unchanged risk) for FPBFRELPGHOW. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 0 Unchanged risk 1 Increased risk 2 Decreased risk 3 Depends 7 Don't know 8 Missing Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Known source for FP 333. Where is it? IF IT IS A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OR A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC, WRITE THE NAME OF THE ESTABLISHMENT. PROBE TO DETERMINE THE PROPER TYPE OF SECTOR AND CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE. NAME OF PLACE __________ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C MEDICAL POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) ______ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G PF/FISA CENTER H OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ Z FPKNOANYSRC (V379) reports the source where the respondent knows contraceptives can be obtained. This variable is constructed from a series of questions. Because the questions used to construct this variable changed slightly across phases, IPUMS-DHS users are encouraged to review the Comparability tab. The related variable FPKNOANYSRCS (V380) reports known sources for contraceptives, in standardized categories. 0000 No one/did not consult source 1000 PUBLIC SECTOR 1100 Government hospital 1110 Referral/specialty hospital 1120 National/central hospital 1130 Regional/provincial hospital 1140 Urban hospital 1150 District/rural hospital 1151 District hospital 1152 Rural hospital 1160 University/teaching hospital 1161 University hospital 1162 Teaching hospital 1200 Government health center 1210 Referral health center 1220 Community health center 1230 Urban health center 1240 Rural health center 1250 Integrated health center 1260 Family welfare center 1270 Primary health center 1300 Government pharmacy/dispensary 1310 Government pharmacy 1320 Government dispensary 1400 Government maternity home 1410 Mother and child health (MCH) center 1420 Rural maternity clinic 1500 Government family planning clinic 1510 Stand-alone family planning clinic 1520 Mobile family planning clinic 1600 Government outreach 1610 Government health post 1611 Village health post 1620 Government mobile clinic 1630 Government health worker 1631 Fieldworker 1632 Community-based distribution agent (CBDA) 1633 Community/village health worker 1634 Health surveillance assistant (HSA) 1635 Paramedic 1636 Doctor 1637 Nurse 1900 Other public sector 1901 Camp 1902 Health box 1903 Health station/clinic 1904 Health office 1905 Community clinic 1906 Health insurance organization 1907 Curative care organization 1908 Parastatal health facility 1909 Female Community Health Volunteer Program (FCHV) of Nepal 2000 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR 2100 Private hospital/clinic 2110 Private hospital 2111 Referral/specialty hospital 2120 Private clinic 2200 Private doctor 2210 Qualified doctor 2220 Traditional doctor 2230 Doctor/birth attendant 2300 Private pharmacy/dispensary 2310 Private pharmacy 2320 Private dispensary 2400 Private family planning clinic 2500 Private outreach 2510 Private mobile clinic 2520 Private health worker 2521 Fieldworker 2522 Community-based distribution agent (CBDA) 2523 Nurse 2524 Paramedic 2526 Community/village health worker 2527 Midwife 2600 Private health center 2610 VCT center 2700 Private maternity home 2900 Other private medical sector 2901 Care room 2902 Tent 3000 NGO FACILITY 3100 NGO health facility 3110 Static clinic 3120 Satellite clinic 3130 Community-based outlet 3140 UN Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA) 3150 International Rescue Committee (IRC) 3200 NGO health worker 3210 Depot holder 3220 Fieldworker 3300 Country-specific NGOs 3301 AMO Congo 3302 Egypt family planning association (EFPA) 3303 CSI project 3304 Family Guidance Association of Ethiopia (FGAE) 3305 BLM 3306 MACRO 3307 Marie Stopes 3308 Red Cross Society 3309 AFGA 3310 Family Planning Association of Nepal (FPAN) 3311 Institute for Family Health (IFH) 3900 Other NGO facility 4000 RELIGIOUS/MISSION 4100 Religious hospital/clinic 4110 Religious hospital 4111 Religious referral/specialty hospital 4112 Religious district hospital 4120 Religious clinic 4200 Religious health center/dispensary 4210 Religious health center 4211 Mosque health center 4212 Church health center 4220 Religious dispensary 4300 Religious mobile clinic 4400 Religious door-to-door 4900 Other religious 5000 OTHER 5100 Shop/market 5110 Shop 5111 General dealer 5112 Supermarket/tuck shop 5113 Service station 5120 Market 5130 Kiosk 5140 Gas station 5190 Other retail 5200 Relative/friend 5210 Partner 5300 Church/mosque/temple 5400 Bar/nightclub/hotel 5410 Bar/nightclub 5420 Hotel 5500 Other institutions 5510 Youth center 5520 Workplace 5521 Respondent's workplace 5522 Partner's workplace 5530 School 5600 Traditional practitioner 5610 Traditional birth attendant (TBA) 5620 Vaidya/hakim/homeopath 5700 Informal channels 5710 Drug vendor 9992 Not asked 9993 Non-user: Knows source 9994 Multiple responses given 9995 Other 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Known source for FP, standardized 333. Where is it? IF IT IS A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OR A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC, WRITE THE NAME OF THE ESTABLISHMENT. PROBE TO DETERMINE THE PROPER TYPE OF SECTOR AND CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE. NAME OF PLACE __________ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C MEDICAL POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) ______ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G PF/FISA CENTER H OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ Z FPKNOANYSRCS (V380) reports the source from which the woman knows contraceptives can be obtained. This variable is constructed from a series of questions, and answers were recorded using standard responses and codes that are consistent across countries and phases. Because the questions used to construct this variable changed slightly across phases, IPUMS-DHS users are encouraged to review the Comparability tab. 01 Government clinic/pharmacy 02 Government home/community delivery 03 NGO 04 Private clinic/delivery 05 Private pharmacy 06 Church, shop, friends 07 Other 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Current FP use by method type (folk, traditional, modern) 314. Which method are you currently using? PILL 01 IUD 02 (GO TO 326) INJECTABLES 03 (GO TO 326) IMPLANTS 04 (GO TO 326) DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY 05 (GO TO 326) CONDOM 06 (GO TO 326) FEMALE STERILIZATION 07 (GO TO 318) MALE STERILIZATION 08 (GO TO 318) RHYTHM METHOD 09 (GO TO 323) WITHDRAWAL 10 (GO TO 326) OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ 96 (GO TO 326) FPTYPNOW (V313) indicates whether the woman is currently using a modern, traditional, or folkloric method of contraception. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. In the DHS, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. 00 No method 10 Folkloric or traditional method 11 Folkloric method 12 Traditional method 20 Modern method 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Pattern of use of contraceptive method 313. Are you currently doing something or using any method to delay or avoid getting pregnant? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 331) FPUSPATRN (V361) reports the woman's pattern of contraceptive use by indicating whether she is currently using, has used in the past, or has never used contraception. 10 Currently using 20 Ever used, but not currently using 21 Used since last birth 22 Used before last birth 30 Never used 99 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Current method of FP 314. Which method are you currently using? PILL 01 IUD 02 (GO TO 326) INJECTABLES 03 (GO TO 326) IMPLANTS 04 (GO TO 326) DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY 05 (GO TO 326) CONDOM 06 (GO TO 326) FEMALE STERILIZATION 07 (GO TO 318) MALE STERILIZATION 08 (GO TO 318) RHYTHM METHOD 09 (GO TO 323) WITHDRAWAL 10 (GO TO 326) OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ 96 (GO TO 326) FPMETHNOW (V312) reports the contraceptive method the woman is currently using. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. Answers are grouped under the broad categories of "modern methods," "traditional methods," and "other methods," each with a different first digit. Specific methods are distinguished by the second and third digits. See FPEVUSE for more information on broad categories of contraception. Closely related responses, such as various groupings of diaphragm/foam/jelly, share the first 2 digits in common, while the third digit distinguishes the exact response category. 000 Not using 100 MODERN METHODS 101 Pill 102 IUD 103 Norplant/Implants 104 Condom 105 Female Condom 106 Female Sterilization 107 Male Sterilization 110 Injections 111 Injection (3 monthly) 112 Injection (monthly) 120 Diaphragm/Foam/Jelly 121 Diaphragm 122 Diaphragm/Foam 123 Diaphragm/Jelly 124 Foam or Jelly 125 Foaming tablets 126 Vaginal methods 130 Lactational amenorrhea (LAM) 131 Prolonged breastfeeding 140 Emergency contraception 150 Other modern method 151 Contraceptive patch 200 TRADITIONAL METHODS 210 Abstinence or periodic abstinence 211 Periodic abstinence 212 Cycle Beads/Standard days method 213 Abstinence 214 Mucus method 215 Natural family planning, unspecified 220 Withdrawal 230 Other traditional/folkloric 231 Herbs/Plants 232 Gris-Gris/Amulet 233 Astrology 234 Strings 300 OTHER METHOD, UNSPECIFIED 301 Other specific method 1 302 Other specific method 2 303 Other specific method 3 304 Other specific method 4 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS FP method currently used: Breastfeeding 342. Are you currently relying on breastfeeding in order to avoid getting pregnant? YES 1 NO 2 For women who are currently doing something to delay or avoid getting pregnant, FPNOWUSBF (V399) indicates whether the woman is now using breastfeeding. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Method of periodic abstinence 314. Which method are you currently using? PILL 01 IUD 02 (GO TO 326) INJECTABLES 03 (GO TO 326) IMPLANTS 04 (GO TO 326) DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY 05 (GO TO 326) CONDOM 06 (GO TO 326) FEMALE STERILIZATION 07 (GO TO 318) MALE STERILIZATION 08 (GO TO 318) RHYTHM METHOD 09 (GO TO 323) WITHDRAWAL 10 (GO TO 326) OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ 96 (GO TO 326) FPRHYMETH (V314) reports how the woman determined which days to abstain from sexual intercourse to practice periodic abstinence (rhythm) as a means of delaying or avoiding pregnancy. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 1 Calendar 2 Body temperature 3 Cervical mucus 4 Body temp and mucus 5 No specific system 6 Other 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Months of use of current family planning method 326. For how many months have you been continuously using (METHOD)? IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH, NOTE '00'. MONTHS ____ 8 YEARS OR MORE 96 For women who are currently using a contraceptive method, FPCURNOMO (V337) reports the number of months they have been continuously using their current method. Starting in Phase II, there are differences in the way these data are reported between Model "A" and Model "B" countries, due to the inclusion of a detailed calendar of events in the five years preceding the interview in Model "A" questionnaires. For Model "B" questionnaires, any response greater than 8 years is topcoded at "96." However, for Model "A" questionnaires, the maximum duration of use that could be recorded is the entire length of the calendar (i.e., 5 years). 000 0 months 001 1 month 002 2 months 003 3 months 004 4 months 005 5 months 006 6 months 007 7 months 008 8 months 009 9 months 010 10 months 011 11 months 012 12 months 013 13 months 014 14 months 015 15 months 016 16 months 017 17 months 018 18 months 019 19 months 020 20 months 021 21 months 022 22 months 023 23 months 024 24 months 025 25 months 026 26 months 027 27 months 028 28 months 029 29 months 030 30 months 031 31 months 032 32 months 033 33 months 034 34 months 035 35 months 036 36 months 037 37 months 038 38 months 039 39 months 040 40 months 041 41 months 042 42 months 043 43 months 044 44 months 045 45 months 046 46 months 047 47 months 048 48 months 049 49 months 050 50 months 051 51 months 052 52 months 053 53 months 054 54 months 055 55 months 056 56 months 057 57 months 058 58 months 059 59 months 060 60 months 061 61 months 062 62 months 063 63 months 064 64 months 065 65 months 066 66 months 067 67 months 068 68 months 069 69 months 070 70 months 071 71 months 072 72 months 073 73 months 074 74 months 075 75 months 076 76 months 077 77 months 078 78 months 079 79 months 080 80 months 081 81 months 082 82 months 083 83 months 084 84 months 085 85 months 086 86 months 087 87 months 088 88 months 089 89 months 090 90 months 091 91 months 092 92 months 093 93 months 094 94 months 095 95 months 096 96 or more months 995 All calendar years 996 Inconsistent response 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Last source for FP for current users, detailed 328. Where did you last obtain (METHOD)? IF IT IS A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OR A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC, WRITE THE NAME OF THE ESTABLISHMENT. PROBE TO DETERMINE THE PROPER TYPE OF SECTOR AND CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE. NAME OF PLACE ___________ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL 11 HEALTH CENTER 12 DISPENSARY 13 MEDICAL POST 14 OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) ______ 16 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC 21 PHARMACY 22 DOCTOR 23 PF/FISA CENTER 24 OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ 26 OTHER SOURCE STORE 31 RELIGIOUS CENTER 32 RELATIVES 33 FRIENDS 34 OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 36 For women who are currently using a modern method of contraception, FPLASTSRCD (V326) reports the type of facility that was the source of the last contraceptive method used by the woman. Response categories vary across samples. See Comparability. 6903 Community center 3306 Institute for Family Health (IFH) 3180 International Rescue Committee (IRC) 0000 NO ONE 1000 PUBLIC SECTOR 1100 Government hospital 1110 National hospital 1111 Referral/specialty hospital 1112 National/central hospital 1113 Military hospital 1114 Day hospital 1120 Provincial/regional hospital 1130 Urban hospital 1140 District/rural hospital 1141 District hospital 1142 Rural hospital 1150 Category I hospital 1160 Category II hospital 1170 University/teaching hospital 1171 University hospital 1172 Teaching hospital 1200 Government health center 1210 Referral health center 1220 Community health center 1230 Urban health center 1240 Rural health center 1250 Basic health center 1260 Integrated health center 1270 Primary health center 1280 Family welfare center 1300 Government family planning clinic 1310 Stand-alone family planning clinic 1320 Mobile family planning clinic 1330 Family planning clinic CBD 1400 Government outreach 1410 Government health post 1411 Village health post 1412 Sub-center 1413 Sub-health post 1420 Government mobile clinic 1421 Mobile PHC clinic 1430 Government health professional 1431 Doctor 1432 Nurse 1433 Paramedic 1440 Government health worker 1434 Community-based distributor (CBD) 1435 Health surveillance assistant (HSA) 1436 Male mobilizer 1437 Accredited social health activist (ASHA) 1438 Vaidya/hakim/homeopath 1450 Government outreach clinic 1451 Primary health care outreach clinic 1452 Satellite clinic/EPI outreach 1453 Community clinic 1454 Rural/municipal clinic 1460 Camp 1470 Household visit 1500 Government maternity home 1510 Maternal and child health (MCH) center 1520 Rural maternity 1530 Anganwadi/ICDS center 1600 Government pharmacy/dispensary 1610 Government pharmacy 1611 Community pharmacy 1620 Government dispensary 1900 Other public 1901 Clinic 1902 Curative care organization 1903 Health home 1904 Health office 1905 Health insurance organization 1906 Parastatal health facility 1907 Youth center 2000 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR 2100 Private hospital/clinic 2110 Private hospital 2111 Private specialty hospital 2112 Private district hospital 2113 Private university hospital 2120 Private clinic 2121 Private polyclinic 2122 Private clinic 2200 Private pharmacy/dispensary/drug store 2210 Private pharmacy 2220 Private dispensary 2230 Private chemist/drug store 2231 Private chemist 2232 Private drug store 2240 Private mobile drug vendor 2300 Private doctor's office 2310 Qualified doctor 2320 Traditional/unqualified doctor 2330 Private practice 2331 Private care room 2332 Private infirmiry 2400 Private outreach 2410 Private mobile clinic 2420 Private health worker 2421 Private field worker 2422 Private community/village health worker 2423 Private community-based distributor 2424 Private paramedic 2425 Private hakim/homeopath 2426 Private traditional healer 2427 Private traditional birth attendant (TBA) 2428 Private nurse 2500 Private health center 2600 Private family planning clinic 2610 Injectables outlet 2700 Private maternity home 2900 Other private medical 2901 Tent 2902 VCT center 3000 NGO SECTOR 3100 NGO health facility 3110 Static clinic 3120 Satellite clinic 3130 Marie Stopes facility 3131 Banja la Mtsogolo (BLM) 3140 Red Cross facility 3150 UN Relief and Works Agency facility 3160 Adventist Development and Relief Agency (ADRA) 3170 Population Services International (PSI) 3200 NGO health worker 3210 Depot holder 3220 Field worker 3230 Community-based distributor 3300 Country-specific NGO 3301 Amo-Congo 3302 Clinical Services Improvement (CSI) 3303 Malawi AIDS Counselling and Resource Organization (MACRO) 3304 Myanmar Medical Association (MMA) 3305 United Mission to Nepal (UMN) 3900 Other NGO 4000 RELIGIOUS/MISSION 4100 Religious hospital/clinic 4110 Religious hospital 4111 Religious referral/specialty hospital 4112 Religious district hospital 4120 Religious clinic 4200 Religious health center/dispensary 4210 Religious health center 4211 Mosque health center 4212 Church health center 4220 Religious dispensary 4300 Religious outreach 4310 Religious health post 4320 Religious mobile clinic 4330 Religious health worker 4331 Religious field worker 4900 Other religious 5000 UNSPECIFIED MEDICAL SECTOR 5100 Pharmacy/dispensary 5110 Pharmacy 5120 Dispensary 5200 Outreach 5210 Mobile clinic 5220 Health worker 5221 Field worker 5222 Traditional healer 5223 Health educator 5224 Peer educators 5230 Outreach clinic 5900 Other unspecified medical sector 5901 Media campaign 6000 OTHER 6100 Shop/market 6110 Shop 6111 General dealer 6112 Supermarket/tuck shop 6113 Supermarket 6114 Tuck shop 6120 Market 6130 Kiosk 6140 Gas station 6150 Other retail 6200 Church/mosque 6300 Friend/relative 6310 Friend 6320 Relative 6321 Partner 6400 Bar/nightclub/hotel 6410 Bar/nightclub 6411 Bar 6420 Hotel 6500 Workplace 6510 Respondent's workplace 6520 Partner's workplace 6600 Informal channels 6610 Drug vendor 6620 Support group 6630 Women's sittings 6700 Location for adolescents 6710 Youth center 6720 School 6900 Other facility 6901 Refugee camp 6902 Charity/foundation 9994 Abroad 9995 Other 9996 Inconsistent 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Last source for FP for current users, standardized 328. Where did you last obtain (METHOD)? IF IT IS A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OR A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC, WRITE THE NAME OF THE ESTABLISHMENT. PROBE TO DETERMINE THE PROPER TYPE OF SECTOR AND CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE. NAME OF PLACE ___________ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL 11 HEALTH CENTER 12 DISPENSARY 13 MEDICAL POST 14 OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) ______ 16 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC 21 PHARMACY 22 DOCTOR 23 PF/FISA CENTER 24 OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ 26 OTHER SOURCE STORE 31 RELIGIOUS CENTER 32 RELATIVES 33 FRIENDS 34 OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 36 For women using a modern method of contraception, FPLASTSRCS (V327) reports the type of facility that was the source of the last contraceptive method used by the woman. This variable was constructed by recoding country-specific responses into a few standard categories that are consistent across samples. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Missing 97 Don't know 07 Other 06 Church, Shop, friends, books 05 Private Pharmacy 04 Private Clin/Deliv 03 NGO 02 Govt Home/Comm delivery 01 Govt Clinic/Pharm Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Cost of Pills 317. How much does one box (cycle) of pills cost you? RECORD IN 1000 MADAGASCAR FRANCS. COST ______ (GO TO 326) FREE 996 (GO TO 326) DOESN'T KNOW 998 (GO TO 326) For women who are currently using the Pill, FPPILLCOST (V325) reports the cost of a cycle of pills. 000000 Free 999997 Don't know 999998 Missing 999999 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Main reason use current source for FP 330. People choose where they go for family planning services for different reasons. What is the main reason why you went to (NAME OF PLACE IN 328 OR 318) rather than the other place you know of? RECORD THE RESPONSE AND CIRCLE THE CODE. ACCESSIBILITY CLOSE TO HOME 11 (GO TO 333A) CLOSE TO MARKET/WORK 12 (GO TO 333A) TRANSPORTATION AVAILABLE 13 (GO TO 333A) SERVICE-RELATED REASONS STAFF MORE COMPETENT/LIKEABLE 21 (GO TO 333A) CLEANER 22 (GO TO 333A) MORE PRIVACY 23 (GO TO 333A) SHORTER WAIT 24 (GO TO 333A) OPEN LONGER HOURS 25 (GO TO 333A) USES OTHER SERVICES IN THE SAME ESTABLISHMENT 26 (GO TO 333A) COSTS LESS 31 (GO TO 333A) WANTS ANONYMITY 41 (GO TO 333A) OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ 96 (GO TO 333A) DOESN'T KNOW 98 (GO TO 333A) FPUSSRCWHY (V328) reports the main reason why the woman chose to go to the place where she procured family planning, rather than to some other facility. Responses are grouped into the broad categories of "knows no other source," "access-related," "service-related," and "cost-related," each with a distinctive first digit. The second digit provides further detail on the exact rationale for the choice (e.g., "cleaner facility" as a subcategory under "service-related"). When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Missing 97 Don't know 50 Wanted anonymity 40 COST RELATED 31 Desired method always available 30 OTHER SERVICE-RELATED REASON 28 Has female doctor 27 Staff more polite 26 Use other services 25 Long hours of operation 24 Shorter waiting time 23 Offers more privacy 22 Cleaner facility 21 Staff competent, friendly 20 SERVICE-RELATED 14 Other access-related 13 Transport 12 Closer to market or work 11 Closer to home 10 ACCESS-RELATED 00 Knows no other source 41 Lower cost, cheaper 60 Other 15 Worker supplied home 16 Method not available Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Brand of Pills currently used 315. May I see the package of pills you are currently using? NOTE THE NAME OF THE BRAND IF THE PACKAGE IS SHOWN. PACKAGE SEEN 1 BRAND ________ (GO TO 317) PACKAGE NOT SEEN 2 For women who are currently using the Pill, FPPILLBRAND (V323) reports the brand name of the Pill that the respondent currently uses. 4203 Emkit 3112 Triella 2215 TriNovum 2114 Stediril 1241 Rigevidon 1240 Brevinor 1239 Lusiaf 1129 Yasmin 1128 Triquilar 1127 Trinordial 2113 " 1242 NewFem 1000 LOW-DOSE PILLS 1100 International brands 1101 Adepal 1102 Choice 1103 Cilest 1104 Combination-3 1105 Confidence 1106 Diane 1107 Duofem 1108 Eugynon 1109 Famila 28 1110 Femicon 1111 Gracial 1112 Lo-femenal 1113 Logynon 1114 Marvelon 1115 Microgynon 1116 Minidril 1117 Miniphase 1118 Nordette 1119 Norminest 1120 Norquest 1121 Novodol 1122 Oralcon F 1123 Ortho-Novum 1124 Pilplan 1125 Planif 1126 Planyl 1200 Country-specific brands 1201 Nogestol 1202 Desolon 1203 Femipill 1204 Maya 1205 Noret-28 1206 Ovacon 1207 Shuki 1208 Harmonie (PSI) 1209 Varnoline 1210 Microcept 1211 Microvlar 1212 Triocept 1213 Trivolar 1214 Style/Trigestrel 1215 Secure 1216 Microlite 1217 Apsara 1218 Ecroz 1219 Mala-D 1220 Mala-N 1221 Novelon 1222 Ovral L 1223 Pearl 1224 Anteovin 1225 Belara 1226 Gracial 1227 Loestrin 1228 Mawelon 1229 Norimin 1230 Femiplan 1231 Conova 30 1232 Trigynon 1233 OK pills 1234 Sure 1235 Feminyl 1236 Nilocon White 1237 Sunaulo Gulaf 1900 Unspecified low-dose pills 2000 HIGH-DOSE PILLS 2100 International brands 2101 Anovlar 2102 Gynovlar 2103 Lyndiol 2104 Microgynon 30 ED 2105 Milli Anovlar 2106 Neogynon 2107 Neogynon ED 2108 Nordiol 2109 Norquentiel 2110 Ovidon 2111 Ovral 2112 Ovulen 50 2200 Country-specific brands 2201 Combination-5 2202 Lynes 2203 Ovostat 2204 Regumen 2205 Novell-duo 2206 Gynera 2207 Primovlar 2208 Duoluton-L 2209 Ovral G 2210 Progyluton 2211 Gynovlane 2212 Ovanon 2213 Ovidon 2214 Triphasit 2900 Unspecified high-dose pill 3000 PROGESTIN-ONLY PILLS 3100 International brands 3101 Exluton/Lynestrenol 3102 Femulen 3103 Microlut 3104 Micronor 3105 Micronovum 3106 Microval 3107 " 3108 Minovlar 3109 Noriday 3110 Ovrette 3111 Safe Plan 3200 Country-specific brands 3201 Bredicon 3202 Minicon 3203 Levonor 3204 Hyan 3205 I-plan 3206 Primolut N 3207 Cerazette 3208 Planor 3209 Softsure 4000 EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTION 4100 International brands 4200 Country-specific brands 4201 Gravistal 4202 Postinor 4900 Unspecified emergency contraception 5000 NON-HORMONAL PILLS 5100 International brands 5200 Country-specific brands 5201 Centron 5202 Saheli 6000 UNSPECIFIED/UNKNOWN PILLS 6100 International brands 6101 Today (sponge) 6200 Country-specific brands 6201 Khoshi 6202 Aco 6203 Cotrablan 6204 Microvior 30 6205 Stero 6206 Blue 6207 Hot 6208 Kamal (foam) 6209 N/M tablets 6210 Nofian 6211 Period oil 6212 Sacharin 6213 Skill 6214 Moti 6215 Subitha 6216 Fingers 6217 Sutura 6218 Menstrogen (injection) 6219 Norvolain 6220 Flexi P 6221 Marutton 6900 Other unspecified/unknown pills 6901 Unspecified private brand 6902 Unspecified public brand 6903 Unspecified social marketing brand 9995 Other 9996 Not able to show 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Shown pill package 315. May I see the package of pills you are currently using? NOTE THE NAME OF THE BRAND IF THE PACKAGE IS SHOWN. PACKAGE SEEN 1 BRAND ________ (GO TO 317) PACKAGE NOT SEEN 2 For women who are currently using the Pill as a method of family planning, FPPILLPACK (V372) indicates whether the package of pills currently being used was seen by the interviewer. 0 Package not seen 1 Package seen 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Number living children at first use of FP (grouped) Now I would like to ask you about the first time that you did something or used a method to avoid getting pregnant. 309. How many living children did you have at that time? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. NUMBER OF CHILDREN ____ FP1STUSGPKID (V311) reports the number of living children, if any, the woman had when she first used a contraceptive method, with the number top-coded at 4+ children. FP1STUSLVKID reports responses to the same question, without top-coding the answers. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4+ 7 Inconsistent number reported 8 Missing 9 Never used FP First use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Number living children at first use of FP Now I would like to ask you about the first time that you did something or used a method to avoid getting pregnant. 309. How many living children did you have at that time? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. NUMBER OF CHILDREN ____ FP1STUSLVKID (V310) reports the number of living children the woman had the first time she used a contraceptive method. The same information is also reported in FP1STUSGPKID, except responses are top-coded at 4+ children in that variable and women who have never used contraception are coded as "9." 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 96 Inconsistent 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) First use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Was first method used to space or limit births 310. The first time you used family planning, was it because you wanted another child, but not until later, or was it because you didn't want any more children at all? WANTED CHILD LATER 1 DIDN'T WANT CHILD AT ALL 2 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ 6 In countries with low contraceptive prevalence, FP1METHSPACE (V369B) reports whether the woman's first use of a contraceptive method was to space or to limit future births. Most commonly, the question was, "When you first used family planning, did you want to have another child but at a later time [space births], or did you not want to have another child at all [limit births]?" The standard response categories are "wanted child later," did not want another," and "other." 1 Wanted child later (space) 2 Did not want another child (limit) 7 Other 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) First use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS FP current use or future intention FPUSINTENT (V364) is a constructed variable drawing on responses to multiple survey questions that divides women into the following categories: those who are currently using a contraceptive method (either modern or traditional); those who are not now using contraception but intend to do so in the future; those who are neither using contraception now nor intend to do so in the future; and (in a minority of samples) those who never had sex. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. IPUMS-DHS users are encouraged to review FPMETHNOW and FPUSPLAN for additional information on the variables used to construct FPUSINTENT. 1 Using modern method 2 Using traditional method 3 Non-user intending to use 4 Does not intend to use 9 NIU (not in universe) 5 Never had sex Future use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Intention to use FP in future 608. Do you think you will use a contraceptive method to delay or avoid pregnancy at any time in the future? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 610) DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 610) FPUSPLAN (V362) is a constructed variable based on multiple survey questions that reports, for women not currently using contraception, whether the woman intends to use contraception in the future and, if so, when she intends to begin use (in the next 12 months or later). Women uncertain about future contraceptive use are subdivided into those who are unsure about using a method and those unsure about the timing of planned future use. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 10 Will use in future 11 Use in next 12 months 12 Use later 20 Unsure about future use 21 Unsure about timing 22 Unsure about use 30 Does not intend to use 40 Never had sex 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Future use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Would use FP in future if married 611. Would you ever use a contraceptive method if you were married? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 For women who said they would not use a family planning method in the future because they are not married, FPUSIFMARY (V376A) indicates whether they would use family planning in the future if they were married. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Future use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Preferred future FP method 609. Which contraceptive method would you prefer to use? PILL 01 (GO TO 612) IUD 02 (GO TO 612) INJECTABLES 03 (GO TO 612) IMPLANTS 04 (GO TO 612) DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY 05 (GO TO 612) CONDOM 06 (GO TO 612) FEMALE STERILIZATION 07 (GO TO 612) MALE STERILIZATION 08 (GO TO 612) RHYTHM METHOD 09 (GO TO 612) WITHDRAWAL 10 (GO TO 612) OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ 96 (GO TO 612) DOESN'T KNOW 98 For women not currently using a contraceptive method but intending to do so in the future, FPMETHFUTR (V363) reports the family planning method the woman would prefer to use. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. Answers are grouped under the broad categories of "modern methods," "traditional methods," and "other methods," each with a different first digit. Specific methods are distinguished by the second and third digits. Closely related responses, such as various groupings of diaphragm/foam/jelly, share the first 2 digits in common, while the third digit distinguishes the exact response category. 999 NIU (not in universe) 998 Missing 997 Inconsistent 304 Specific method 4 303 Specific method 3 302 Specific method 2 301 Specific method 1 300 Other method, unspecified 234 Traditional medications 233 Astrology 232 Gris-gris/amulet 231 Herbs 230 Other traditional/folkloric 220 Withdrawal 212 Abstinence 211 Periodic abstinence 210 Abstinence or periodic abstinence 200 TRADITIONAL METHODS 160 Whatever doctor prescribes 150 Other modern methods 140 Emergency contraception 131 Prolonged breastfeeding 130 Lactational amenorrhea (LAM) 126 Vaginal methods 125 Foaming tablets 124 Foam or jelly 123 Diaphragm/Jelly 122 Diaphragm/Foam 121 Diaphragm 120 Diaphragm/Foam/Jelly 108 Male sterilization 107 Female sterilization 106 Female condom 105 Condom 104 Norplant/implants 103 Injections 102 IUD 101 Pill 100 MODERN METHODS 213 CycleBeads/Standard days method 214 Mucus method (periodic abstinence) 235 Knotted cord/strings 236 Charm from traditional spiritual leader 996 Don't know Future use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use any type of FP (folk, traditional, modern) 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who has an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD (SPECIFY) ____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSE (V302) is a constructed variable that reports whether the woman had ever used a family planning method and, if so, whether she had used a modern contraceptive method or only a traditional or folkloric method. In the DHS, modern methods are pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. 00 Never used 10 Used only traditional or folkloric method 11 Used only traditional method 12 Used only folkloric method 20 Used modern method Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use Pill for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who has an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD (SPECIFY) ____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSPILL (V305_01) indicates whether the woman has ever used the pill to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use IUD for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who has an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD (SPECIFY) ____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSIUD (V305_02) indicates whether the woman had ever used an IUD to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use injectable for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who has an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD (SPECIFY) ____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSINJ (V305_03) indicates whether the woman has ever used injectable contraception to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use diaphragm for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who has an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD (SPECIFY) ____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSDIA (V305_04) indicates whether the woman had ever used the diaphragm (sometimes explicitly in conjunction with foam or jelly) to delay or avoid a pregnancy. See Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use condom for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who has an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD (SPECIFY) ____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSCON (V305_05) indicates whether the woman had ever used the male condom to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use female sterilization for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who has an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD (SPECIFY) ____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSFST (V305_06) indicates whether the woman had ever used female sterilization to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use withdrawal for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who has an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD (SPECIFY) ____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSWD (V305_09) indicates whether the woman has ever used withdrawal to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use rhythm for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who has an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD (SPECIFY) ____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSRHY (V305_08) indicates whether the woman had ever used rhythm (periodic abstinence) to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use male sterilization for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who has an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD (SPECIFY) ____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSMST (V305_07) indicates whether the woman had ever used male sterilization to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use implants/Norplant for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who has an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD (SPECIFY) ____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSIMP (V305_11) indicates whether the woman had ever used implants (such as Norplant) to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use breastfeeding to avoid pregnancy 340. Have you previously relied on breastfeeding as a way to avoid becoming pregnant? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 401) FPEVUSBF (V398) indicates whether the woman has ever used breastfeeding to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use medicinal plants or herbs for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who has an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD (SPECIFY) ____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSPLT indicates whether the woman had ever used medicinal plants or herbs to delay or avoid a pregnancy. The complementary variable FPKNOPLT indicates whether the woman knew about using medicinal plants or herbs as a method for family planning. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use other methods for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who has an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD (SPECIFY) ____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSOM (V305_10) indicates whether the woman has ever used other methods to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Reason regrets sterilization 320. Why do you (does he) regret the operation? RESPONDENT WANTS ANOTHER CHILD 01 HUSBAND/PARTNER WANTS ANOTHER CHILD 02 SIDE EFFECTS 03 CHILD DIED 04 OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 96 For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERREG (V618) reports the reason (if any) they regret getting sterilized. 00 No regret 01 Respondent wants a(nother) child 02 Partner wants a(nother) child 03 Side effects 04 Child died 05 Marital status changed 06 Operation failed 95 Other reason 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Age at sterilization (grouped) 321. In what month and year was the sterilization performed? MONTH _____ (GO TO 333A) YEAR _______ (GO TO 333A) DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 9998 (GO TO 333A) For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERILAGE (V320) reports their age at the time of their sterilization operation. 7 50 - 54 years old 1 Less than 25 years old 2 25 - 29 years old 3 30 - 34 years old 4 35 - 39 years old 5 40 - 44 years old 6 45 - 49 years old 9 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Parity at sterilization 321. In what month and year was the sterilization performed? MONTH _____ (GO TO 333A) YEAR _______ (GO TO 333A) DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 9998 (GO TO 333A) For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERILPAR (V322) reports the parity of the women at the time of their sterilization, top-coded at 5+ children. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 or more 9 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Marital duration at time of sterilization 321. In what month and year was the sterilization performed? MONTH _____ (GO TO 333A) YEAR _______ (GO TO 333A) DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 9998 (GO TO 333A) For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERMARDUR (V321) reports, in 5-year groups, the women's marital duration at the time of their sterilization. 0 Single, before marriage 1 0 - 4 years 2 5 - 9 years 3 10 - 14 years 4 15 - 19 years 5 20 - 24 years 6 25 - 29 years 9 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Years since sterilization 321. In what month and year was the sterilization performed? MONTH _____ (GO TO 333A) YEAR _______ (GO TO 333A) DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 9998 (GO TO 333A) For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERYRAGO (V319) reports the number of years since their sterilization operation, using 2-year groups, top-coded at 10+ years. 1 Less than 2 years 2 2 - 3 years 3 4 - 5 years 4 6 - 7 years 5 8 - 9 years 6 10 or more years 9 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Date when sterilized (CMC) 321. In what month and year was the sterilization performed? MONTH _____ (GO TO 333A) YEAR _______ (GO TO 333A) DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 9998 (GO TO 333A) For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERILDTCMC reports the century month code (CMC) for the date of their sterilization. 9999 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Month of sterilization 321. In what month and year was the sterilization performed? MONTH _____ (GO TO 333A) YEAR _______ (GO TO 333A) DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 9998 (GO TO 333A) For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERILMO reports the calendar month of their sterilization. The calendar year of their sterilization is reported in FPSTERILYR. 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 99 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Year when sterilized 321. In what month and year was the sterilization performed? MONTH _____ (GO TO 333A) YEAR _______ (GO TO 333A) DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 9998 (GO TO 333A) For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERILYR reports the calendar year of their sterilization. The calendar month of their sterilization is reported in FPSTERILMO. 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 9999 NIU (not in universe) 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information - date of sterilization 321. In what month and year was the sterilization performed? MONTH _____ (GO TO 333A) YEAR _______ (GO TO 333A) DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 9998 (GO TO 333A) For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERCOMP reports the completeness of information about the date of their sterilization. 1 Month and year given 5 Month imputed, year given 6 Month given, year imputed (date placed) 7 No information given (date placed) 8 From calendar 9 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Visited by family planning worker in past 12 months 334. In the last 12 months, were you visited by a family planning agent? YES 1 NO 2 FPHOMVISITY (V393) indicates whether the woman was visited by a health worker who talked to her about family planning in the 12 months preceding the interview. 8 Missing 1 Yes 0 No 9 NIU (not in universe) 7 Don't know Information on family planning Variables -- TOPICS Visited health facility for any reason in past 12 months 335. In the last 12 months, have you visited a health facility for any reason? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 337) FPHCVISITY (V394) indicates whether the woman visited a health facility for any reason in the past 12 months. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 8 Missing 1 Yes 0 No 9 NIU (not in universe) Information on family planning Variables -- TOPICS At health facility told of family planning 336. Did any staff member at the health facility speak to you about family planning methods? YES 1 NO 2 For women who had visited a health facility in the past year, FPHCTALKFP (V395) indicates whether any staff there talked to them about family planning. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Information on family planning Variables -- TOPICS Heard FP message on radio 616. Over the last few months, have you heard or read messages about family planning: On the radio? YES 1 NO 2 On the television? YES 1 NO 2 In a newspaper or magazine? YES 1 NO 2 On a poster? YES 1 NO 2 In brochures? YES 1 NO 2 FPRADIOHR (V384A) indicates whether the woman heard family planning message(s) on the radio in the last few months. Some samples specify other periods of time. See Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, only once 12 Yes, more than once 98 Missing 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) Information on family planning Variables -- TOPICS Acceptability of FP message on radio 615. In your opinion, is it appropriate or inappropriate to speak of family planning: On the radio? APPROPRIATE 1 INAPPROPRIATE 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 On television? APPROPRIATE 1 INAPPROPRIATE 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 FPRADIOOK (V366A) indicates whether the woman considered family planning messages on the radio to be acceptable or unacceptable. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 0 Not acceptable 1 Acceptable 7 Don't know 8 Missing Information on family planning Variables -- TOPICS Heard FP message on TV recently 616. Over the last few months, have you heard or read messages about family planning: On the radio? YES 1 NO 2 On the television? YES 1 NO 2 In a newspaper or magazine? YES 1 NO 2 On a poster? YES 1 NO 2 In brochures? YES 1 NO 2 FPTVHR (V384B) indicates whether the woman heard family planning message(s) on television in the last few months. Some samples specify other periods of time. See Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Information on family planning Variables -- TOPICS Acceptability of FP message on TV 615. In your opinion, is it appropriate or inappropriate to speak of family planning: On the radio? APPROPRIATE 1 INAPPROPRIATE 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 On television? APPROPRIATE 1 INAPPROPRIATE 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 FPTVOK (V366B) indicates whether the woman considered family planning messages on television to be acceptable or unacceptable. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 0 Not acceptable 1 Acceptable 7 Don't know 8 Missing Information on family planning Variables -- TOPICS Saw FP message in brochure or pamphlet 616. Over the last few months, have you heard or read messages about family planning: On the radio? YES 1 NO 2 On the television? YES 1 NO 2 In a newspaper or magazine? YES 1 NO 2 On a poster? YES 1 NO 2 In brochures? YES 1 NO 2 FPBROCHHR (V384E) indicates whether the woman has recently seen family planning messages in a leaflet, pamphlet, or brochure. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Information on family planning Variables -- TOPICS Heard FP message in newspaper/magazine 616. Over the last few months, have you heard or read messages about family planning: On the radio? YES 1 NO 2 On the television? YES 1 NO 2 In a newspaper or magazine? YES 1 NO 2 On a poster? YES 1 NO 2 In brochures? YES 1 NO 2 FPNEWSHR (V384C) indicates whether the woman has recently seen family planning messages in a newspaper or magazine. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Information on family planning Variables -- TOPICS Seen FP message on poster or pamphlet 616. Over the last few months, have you heard or read messages about family planning: On the radio? YES 1 NO 2 On the television? YES 1 NO 2 In a newspaper or magazine? YES 1 NO 2 On a poster? YES 1 NO 2 In brochures? YES 1 NO 2 FPPOSTHR indicates whether the woman has recently seen family planning messages on a poster. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Information on family planning Variables -- TOPICS Why not using FP to avoid pregnancy 331. What is the main reason that you are not currently using a contraceptive method? NOT MARRIED 11 FERTILITY-RELATED REASONS NOT HAVING SEX 21 INFREQUENT SEX 22 MENOPAUSAL/HYSTERECTOMY 23 SUBFECOND/INFECUND 24 POSTPARTUM/BREASTFEEDING 25 WANTS (OTHER) CHILDREN 26 PREGNANT 27 OPPOSITION TO USE RESPONDENT OPPOSED 31 HUSBAND/PARTNER OPPOSED 32 OTHERS OPPOSED 33 RELIGIOUS PROHIBITION 34 LACK OF KNOWLEDGE KNOWS NO METHOD 41 KNOWS NO SOURCE 42 METHOD-RELATED REASONS HEALTH CONCERNS 51 FEAR OF SIDE EFFECTS 52 LACK OF ACCESS/TOO FAR 53 COSTS TOO MUCH 54 INCONVENIENT TO USE 55 INTERFERES WITH BODY'S NORMAL PROCESSES 56 OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 96 DOESN'T KNOW 98 For women who are not now using a contraceptive method and are not pregnant, FPYNOTUS (V375A) reports why the woman is not using family planning to avoid pregnancy. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. Responses are grouped into broad categories of "not married,' "other low fertility risk," "wants children," "opposition to use," "lack of knowledge," "method-related," and "other," each beginning with a different first digit; subcategories under these broad headings are distinguished by the second digit. 10 NOT MARRIED 11 Not married 12 Not intending to marry 13 Separated from partner 14 Widowed 20 OTHER LOW FERTILITY RISK 21 Not having sex 22 Infrequent sex 23 Menopausal or hysterectomy 24 Subfecund, infecund 25 Postpartum, breastfeeding 26 Pregnant 27 Too young (not having periods) 30 WANTS CHILDREN 31 Wants more children 32 Fatalistic 40 OPPOSITION TO USE 41 Respondent opposed 42 Husband opposed 43 Others opposed 44 Religious prohib 45 Cultural taboo 50 LACK OF KNOWLEDGE 51 Knows no method 52 Knows no source 53 Rumors 60 METHOD-RELATED 61 Health concerns 62 Fear side effects 63 Lack of access 64 Cost too much 65 Inconvenient to use 66 Interfere with body 70 OTHER 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Why not use family planning Variables -- TOPICS Why not intend to use FP in future 610. What is the main reason that you think you will never use a contraceptive method? NOT MARRIED 11 FERTILITY-RELATED REASONS NOT HAVING SEXUAL RELATIONS 21 (GO TO 612) INFREQUENT SEX/NO SEX 22 (GO TO 612) MENOPAUSAL/HYSTERECTOMY 23 (GO TO 612) SUBFECOND/INFECUND 24 (GO TO 612) POSTPARTUM CARE/BREASTFEEDING 25 (GO TO 612) WANT (OTHER) CHILDREN 26 (GO TO 612) OPPOSITION TO USE RESPONDENT OPPOSED 31 (GO TO 612) HUSBAND/PARTNER OPPOSED 32 (GO TO 612) OTHERS OPPOSED 33 (GO TO 612) RELIGIOUS PROHIBITION 34 (GO TO 612) LACK OF KNOWLEDGE KNOWS NO METHOD 41 (GO TO 612) KNOWS NO SOURCE 42 (GO TO 612) METHOD-RELATED REASONS HEALTH CONCERNS 51 (GO TO 612) FEAR OF SIDE EFFECTS 52 (GO TO 612) LACK OF ACCESS/TOO FAR 53 (GO TO 612) COSTS TOO MUCH 54 (GO TO 612) INCONVENIENT TO USE 55 (GO TO 612) INTERFERES WITH BODY'S NORMAL PROCESSES 56 (GO TO 612) OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 96 (GO TO 612) DOESN'T KNOW 98 (GO TO 612) For women not now using a contraceptive method and not intending to do so in the future, FPYNOTFUS (V376) reports the reason the woman doesn't intend to use family planning in the future. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. Responses are grouped into the following broad categories, each with a different first digit: not married, other low fertility risk, wants children, opposition to use, lack of knowledge, method-related, and other. Specific responses within these categories are distinguished by the second digit of the codes. 10 NOT MARRIED 11 Not married 12 Not intending to marry 13 Inconsistent says not married 20 OTHER LOW FERTILITY RISK 21 Not having sex 22 Infrequent sex 23 Menopausal or hysterectomy 24 Subfecund, infecund 25 Postpartum, breastfeeding 26 Husband ill or subfecund 30 WANTS CHILDREN 31 Wants more children 32 Wants son 33 Wants daughter 34 Fatalistic 35 Wants as many children as possible 40 OPPOSITION TO USE 41 Respondent opposed 42 Husband opposed/makes decision on FP 43 Others opposed 44 Religious prohibition 45 Cultural taboos 46 Rumors 50 LACK OF KNOWLEDGE 51 Knows no method 52 Knows no source 60 METHOD-RELATED 61 Health concerns 62 Fear side effects 63 Lack of access 64 Cost too much 65 Inconvenient to use 66 Interfere with body 67 Sterilization concerns 70 OTHER 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Why not use family planning Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Pill SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPTYPPILL (V304A_01) reports whether the Pill is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPPILL (V304A_01) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 9 NIU (not in universe) 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: IUD SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPTYPIUD (V304A_02) reports whether the intrauterine device (IUD) is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPIUD (V304A_02) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 9 NIU (not in universe) 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Injectables SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPTYPINJ (V304A_03) reports whether injectable contraception is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPINJ (V304A_03) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 9 NIU (not in universe) 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Diaphragm SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPTYPDIA (V304A_04) reports whether diaphragm or spermicides, such as foam or jelly, is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. Some phases combine diaphragm and spermicides in the response and some are separate; see Comparability. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. In some cases, however, there are exceptions to this organization; see Comparability. Additionally, while FPTYPDIA (V304A_04) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variableÂ FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Condom SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPTYPCON (V304A_05) reports whether the male condom is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPCON (V304A_05) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 9 NIU (not in universe) 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Female sterilization SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPTYPFST (V304A_06) reports whether female sterilization is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPFST (V304A_06) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 9 NIU (not in universe) 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Male sterilization SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPTYPMST (V304A_07) reports whether male sterilization is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPMST (V304A_07) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 9 NIU (not in universe) 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Rhythm method SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPTYPRHY (V304A_08) reports whether the rhythm method (periodic abstinence) is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the standard DHS recode manuals, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. In some cases, however, there are exceptions to this organization; see Comparability. Additionally, while FPTYPRHY (V304A_08) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Withdrawal SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPTYPWD (V304A_09) reports whether withdrawal is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the standard DHS recode manuals, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. In some cases, however, there are exceptions to this organization; see Comparability. Additionally, while FPTYPWD (V304A_09) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Implants or norplants SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPTYPIMP (V304A_11) reports whether the contraceptive implant (such as Norplant) is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPIMP (V304A_11) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Other method SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPTYPOM (V304A_10) reports whether any "other" method reported by the woman is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. The meaning of "other" depends on the specific response categories included in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPOM (V304A_10) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Discussed FP recently: Partner 619. With whom did you discuss it? Anyone else? RECORD ALL PERSONS MENTIONED. HUSBAND/PARTNER A MOTHER B FATHER C SISTER(S) D BROTHER(S) E DAUGHTER F MOTHER-IN-LAW G FRIEND(S)/NEIGHBOR(S) H OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X FPTALKHUS (V630A) indicates whether the woman has recently discussed the practice of family planning with her husband/partner. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (Not in universe) Discussion of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Number of times discussed FP with partner in past year 622. How many times over the last 12 months have you discussed family planning with your husband/partner? NEVER 1 ONE OR TWO TIMES 2 MORE OFTEN 3 FPTALKHUSNO (V611) reports the number of the times the woman has recently discussed family planning with her husband/partner. 0 Never 1 Once or twice 2 More often 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 7 Don't know Discussion of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Discussed FP recently: Mother 619. With whom did you discuss it? Anyone else? RECORD ALL PERSONS MENTIONED. HUSBAND/PARTNER A MOTHER B FATHER C SISTER(S) D BROTHER(S) E DAUGHTER F MOTHER-IN-LAW G FRIEND(S)/NEIGHBOR(S) H OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X FPTALKMOM (V630B) indicates whether the woman has recently discussed the practice of family planning with her mother. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Discussion of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Discussed FP recently: Father 619. With whom did you discuss it? Anyone else? RECORD ALL PERSONS MENTIONED. HUSBAND/PARTNER A MOTHER B FATHER C SISTER(S) D BROTHER(S) E DAUGHTER F MOTHER-IN-LAW G FRIEND(S)/NEIGHBOR(S) H OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X FPTALKDAD (V630C) indicates whether the woman has recently discussed the practice of family planning with her father. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Discussion of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Discussed FP recently: Sister(s) 619. With whom did you discuss it? Anyone else? RECORD ALL PERSONS MENTIONED. HUSBAND/PARTNER A MOTHER B FATHER C SISTER(S) D BROTHER(S) E DAUGHTER F MOTHER-IN-LAW G FRIEND(S)/NEIGHBOR(S) H OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X FPTALKSIS (V630D) indicates whether the woman has recently discussed the practice of family planning with her sister(s). 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (Not in universe) Discussion of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Discussed FP recently: Brother 619. With whom did you discuss it? Anyone else? RECORD ALL PERSONS MENTIONED. HUSBAND/PARTNER A MOTHER B FATHER C SISTER(S) D BROTHER(S) E DAUGHTER F MOTHER-IN-LAW G FRIEND(S)/NEIGHBOR(S) H OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X FPTALKBRO (V630E) indicates whether the woman has recently discussed the practice of family planning with her brother(s). 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Discussion of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Discussed FP recently: Daughter(s) 619. With whom did you discuss it? Anyone else? RECORD ALL PERSONS MENTIONED. HUSBAND/PARTNER A MOTHER B FATHER C SISTER(S) D BROTHER(S) E DAUGHTER F MOTHER-IN-LAW G FRIEND(S)/NEIGHBOR(S) H OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X FPTALKDAU (V630F) indicates whether the woman has recently discussed the practice of family planning with her daughter(s). 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Discussion of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Discussed FP recently: Friends or neighbors 619. With whom did you discuss it? Anyone else? RECORD ALL PERSONS MENTIONED. HUSBAND/PARTNER A MOTHER B FATHER C SISTER(S) D BROTHER(S) E DAUGHTER F MOTHER-IN-LAW G FRIEND(S)/NEIGHBOR(S) H OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X FPTALKFRND (V630H) indicates whether the woman has recently discussed the practice of family planning with friends or neighbors. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Discussion of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Discussed FP recently: Mother-in-law 619. With whom did you discuss it? Anyone else? RECORD ALL PERSONS MENTIONED. HUSBAND/PARTNER A MOTHER B FATHER C SISTER(S) D BROTHER(S) E DAUGHTER F MOTHER-IN-LAW G FRIEND(S)/NEIGHBOR(S) H OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X FPTALKMOML (V630G) indicates whether the woman has recently discussed the practice of family planning with her mother-in-law. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Discussion of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Discussed FP recently: Other(s) 619. With whom did you discuss it? Anyone else? RECORD ALL PERSONS MENTIONED. HUSBAND/PARTNER A MOTHER B FATHER C SISTER(S) D BROTHER(S) E DAUGHTER F MOTHER-IN-LAW G FRIEND(S)/NEIGHBOR(S) H OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X FPTALKOTH (V630X) indicates whether the woman has recently discussed the practice of family planning with some "other" person. The meaning of "other" depends on the specific types of people mentioned in a given sample. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Discussion of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Heard of AIDS 801M. Have you ever heard of an illness called AIDS? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 811C) AIDSHEARD (V751) indicates whether the woman has heard of AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Thinks AIDS is a fatal disease 808. Do you think that a person with AIDS almost never dies from it, sometimes dies from it, or almost always dies from it? ALMOST NEVER 1 SOMETIMES 2 ALMOST ALWAYS 3 DOESN'T KNOW 8 AIDFATAL (V757) indicates whether the woman thinks HIV/AIDS is a fatal disease. 0 Almost never 1 Sometimes 2 Almost always 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Believes HIV/AIDS can be cured 808A. Do you think AIDS can be cured? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 For women who have heard of HIV/AIDS, AIDCURABLE (V865) indicates whether the respondent believes HIV/AIDS can be cured. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Thinks a healthy-looking person can have AIDS 807. Is it possible for a healthy-looking person to have AIDS? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 AIDHEALTHY (V756) indicates whether the woman thinks it is possible for a healthy-looking person to have HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Knows someone who has or died of AIDS 808C. Do you personally know anyone who has the AIDS or has died of AIDS? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 AIDKNOWONE (V775) indicates whether the woman personally knows someone who currently has (or is suspected to have) HIV/AIDS or knows someone who died of AIDS. How the question was phrased varied across samples. See Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Get AIDS from: Sharing food with person with AIDS 802B. In your opinion, can someone get AIDS: By touching someone who has AIDS? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 By sharing food or dishes with someone who has AIDS? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 By a kiss from someone who has AIDS? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 By having sexual relations with someone who has AIDS? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 By mosquito bites or other insect bites/stings? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 By contact with the blood of someone who has AIDS? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 By receiving an inoculation or vaccine? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 By blood transfusions? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 AIDGETFOOD (V754WP) indicates whether the woman believes AIDS can be transmitted through sharing food (or dining utensils) with an infected person. 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 7 Don't know 1 Yes 0 No HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Knows there are ways to avoid HIV/AIDS 803. Is there something people can do to avoid contracting AIDS? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 807) DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 807) AIDPREVENT (V753) indicates whether the respondent believes there are things a person can do to avoid HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks AIDS can be transmitted from mother to child 808B. Can AIDS be passed from mother to child? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 AIDMA2CHLD (V774) indicates whether the woman believes HIV/AIDS can be transmitted from mother to child by any means. 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 1 Yes 0 No 7 Don't know HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Perceived risk of getting AIDS 809. Do you think your risk of getting AIDS is small, moderate, significant, or do you think you run no risk at all in contracting AIDS? SMALL 1 MODERATE 2 (GO TO 809B) SIGNIFICANT 3 (GO TO 809B) NO RISK AT ALL 4 HAS AIDS 5 (GO TO 811A) DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 811A) AIDRISK (V758) reports whether the woman believes her risk of getting HIV/AIDS is nonexistent, small, moderate, or great, or if she already has AIDS. 0 No risk 1 Small risk 2 Moderate risk 3 Great risk 4 Has AIDS 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Perceived risk of HIV/AIDS Variables -- TOPICS Low risk of getting AIDS: Abstains from sex 809A. Why do you think your risk of getting AIDS is small? Why do you think you run no risk of getting AIDS? Are there other reasons? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAINS FROM SEX A (GO TO 811A) USES CONDOMS B (GO TO 811A) ONLY HAS SEX WITH ONE PARTNER C (GO TO 811A) LIMITS NUMBER OF SEXUAL PARTNERS D (GO TO 811A) PARTNER IS FAITHFUL E (GO TO 811A) AVOIDS BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS G (GO TO 811A) AVOIDS INJECTIONS H (GO TO 811A) OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ X (GO TO 811A) For women who believe that they are at no risk or only a small risk of getting HIV/AIDS, AIDLRISKABST (V868B) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported believing this because they abstain from sex. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Perceived risk of HIV/AIDS Variables -- TOPICS Low risk of getting AIDS: Uses condoms 809A. Why do you think your risk of getting AIDS is small? Why do you think you run no risk of getting AIDS? Are there other reasons? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAINS FROM SEX A (GO TO 811A) USES CONDOMS B (GO TO 811A) ONLY HAS SEX WITH ONE PARTNER C (GO TO 811A) LIMITS NUMBER OF SEXUAL PARTNERS D (GO TO 811A) PARTNER IS FAITHFUL E (GO TO 811A) AVOIDS BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS G (GO TO 811A) AVOIDS INJECTIONS H (GO TO 811A) OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ X (GO TO 811A) For women who believe that they are at no risk or only a small risk of getting HIV/AIDS, AIDLRISKCON (V868C) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported believing this because they use condoms. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Perceived risk of HIV/AIDS Variables -- TOPICS AIDS knowledge changed sexual behavior: Did not start sex 811A. Since you've heard about AIDS, have you changed your behavior in order to avoid getting the illness? IF YES, INSIST: What have you done? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HAD NEVER HAD SEX A STOPPED HAVING SEX B STARTED TO USE CONDOMS C (GO TO 901) HAS ONE PARTNER D REDUCED NUMBER OF PARTNERS E OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ X CHANGED NOTHING ABOUT SEXUAL BEHAVIOR Y DOESN'T KNOW Z AIDBEHAVNOSEX (V760A) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported changing sexual behavior by not starting sex since hearing about HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Behavior changes due to HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS AIDS knowledge changed sexual behavior: Stopped all sex 811A. Since you've heard about AIDS, have you changed your behavior in order to avoid getting the illness? IF YES, INSIST: What have you done? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HAD NEVER HAD SEX A STOPPED HAVING SEX B STARTED TO USE CONDOMS C (GO TO 901) HAS ONE PARTNER D REDUCED NUMBER OF PARTNERS E OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ X CHANGED NOTHING ABOUT SEXUAL BEHAVIOR Y DOESN'T KNOW Z AIDBEHAVSTOPSEX (V760B) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported changing sexual behavior by stopping all sex since hearing about HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Behavior changes due to HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS AIDS knowledge changed sexual behavior: Started using condoms 811A. Since you've heard about AIDS, have you changed your behavior in order to avoid getting the illness? IF YES, INSIST: What have you done? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HAD NEVER HAD SEX A STOPPED HAVING SEX B STARTED TO USE CONDOMS C (GO TO 901) HAS ONE PARTNER D REDUCED NUMBER OF PARTNERS E OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ X CHANGED NOTHING ABOUT SEXUAL BEHAVIOR Y DOESN'T KNOW Z AIDBEHAVCON (V760C) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported changing sexual behavior by starting to use condoms since hearing about HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Behavior changes due to HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS AIDS knowledge changed sexual behavior: One sex partner 811A. Since you've heard about AIDS, have you changed your behavior in order to avoid getting the illness? IF YES, INSIST: What have you done? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HAD NEVER HAD SEX A STOPPED HAVING SEX B STARTED TO USE CONDOMS C (GO TO 901) HAS ONE PARTNER D REDUCED NUMBER OF PARTNERS E OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ X CHANGED NOTHING ABOUT SEXUAL BEHAVIOR Y DOESN'T KNOW Z AIDBEHAV1PAR (V760D) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported changing sexual behavior by having only one sexual partner since hearing about HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Behavior changes due to HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS AIDS knowledge changed sexual behavior: Limit number of partners 811A. Since you've heard about AIDS, have you changed your behavior in order to avoid getting the illness? IF YES, INSIST: What have you done? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HAD NEVER HAD SEX A STOPPED HAVING SEX B STARTED TO USE CONDOMS C (GO TO 901) HAS ONE PARTNER D REDUCED NUMBER OF PARTNERS E OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ X CHANGED NOTHING ABOUT SEXUAL BEHAVIOR Y DOESN'T KNOW Z AIDBEHAVLIMIT (V760E) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported changing sexual behavior by limiting the number of sexual partners since hearing about HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Behavior changes due to HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS AIDS knowledge changed sexual behavior: Other (sexual) 811A. Since you've heard about AIDS, have you changed your behavior in order to avoid getting the illness? IF YES, INSIST: What have you done? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HAD NEVER HAD SEX A STOPPED HAVING SEX B STARTED TO USE CONDOMS C (GO TO 901) HAS ONE PARTNER D REDUCED NUMBER OF PARTNERS E OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ X CHANGED NOTHING ABOUT SEXUAL BEHAVIOR Y DOESN'T KNOW Z AIDBEHAVOTHSEX (V760X) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported changing some "other" sexual behavior since hearing about HIV/AIDS. The meaning of "other" varies across samples depending on the responses included in a given survey. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Behavior changes due to HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS AIDS knowledge changed sexual behavior: Don't know 811A. Since you've heard about AIDS, have you changed your behavior in order to avoid getting the illness? IF YES, INSIST: What have you done? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HAD NEVER HAD SEX A STOPPED HAVING SEX B STARTED TO USE CONDOMS C (GO TO 901) HAS ONE PARTNER D REDUCED NUMBER OF PARTNERS E OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ X CHANGED NOTHING ABOUT SEXUAL BEHAVIOR Y DOESN'T KNOW Z AIDBEHAVDK (V760Z) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, respondents reported not knowing whether their sexual behavior had changed since hearing about HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes, don't know if changed behavior 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Behavior changes due to HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS AIDS knowledge changed sexual behavior: No change 811A. Since you've heard about AIDS, have you changed your behavior in order to avoid getting the illness? IF YES, INSIST: What have you done? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HAD NEVER HAD SEX A STOPPED HAVING SEX B STARTED TO USE CONDOMS C (GO TO 901) HAS ONE PARTNER D REDUCED NUMBER OF PARTNERS E OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ X CHANGED NOTHING ABOUT SEXUAL BEHAVIOR Y DOESN'T KNOW Z AIDBEHAVNONE (V760Y) indicates whether the respondent reported not changing sexual behavior since hearing about HIV/AIDS. 7 Don't know 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Behavior changes due to HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Radio 802. From which sources of information have you learned the most about AIDS? Are there other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TELEVISION B NEWSPAPERS/MAGAZINES C POSTERS D HEALTH AGENTS E CHURCH/MOSQUE F SCHOOL/TEACHERS G NEIGHBORHOOD PRESENTATIONS H RELATIVES I FRIENDS J WORK PLACE K MOVIE CLUBS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ X AIDSINFORADIO (V752A) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported the radio as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Television 802. From which sources of information have you learned the most about AIDS? Are there other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TELEVISION B NEWSPAPERS/MAGAZINES C POSTERS D HEALTH AGENTS E CHURCH/MOSQUE F SCHOOL/TEACHERS G NEIGHBORHOOD PRESENTATIONS H RELATIVES I FRIENDS J WORK PLACE K MOVIE CLUBS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ X AIDSINFOTV (V752B) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported the television as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Newspaper/magazine 802. From which sources of information have you learned the most about AIDS? Are there other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TELEVISION B NEWSPAPERS/MAGAZINES C POSTERS D HEALTH AGENTS E CHURCH/MOSQUE F SCHOOL/TEACHERS G NEIGHBORHOOD PRESENTATIONS H RELATIVES I FRIENDS J WORK PLACE K MOVIE CLUBS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ X AIDSINFONEWS (V752C) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported newspapers or magazines as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Posters/brochures/pamphlets 802. From which sources of information have you learned the most about AIDS? Are there other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TELEVISION B NEWSPAPERS/MAGAZINES C POSTERS D HEALTH AGENTS E CHURCH/MOSQUE F SCHOOL/TEACHERS G NEIGHBORHOOD PRESENTATIONS H RELATIVES I FRIENDS J WORK PLACE K MOVIE CLUBS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ X AIDSINFOPOSTER (V752D) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported pamphlets, posters, or brochures as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Clinic/Health worker 802. From which sources of information have you learned the most about AIDS? Are there other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TELEVISION B NEWSPAPERS/MAGAZINES C POSTERS D HEALTH AGENTS E CHURCH/MOSQUE F SCHOOL/TEACHERS G NEIGHBORHOOD PRESENTATIONS H RELATIVES I FRIENDS J WORK PLACE K MOVIE CLUBS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ X AIDSINFOWKR (V752E) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported a clinic or health worker as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Church/mosque 802. From which sources of information have you learned the most about AIDS? Are there other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TELEVISION B NEWSPAPERS/MAGAZINES C POSTERS D HEALTH AGENTS E CHURCH/MOSQUE F SCHOOL/TEACHERS G NEIGHBORHOOD PRESENTATIONS H RELATIVES I FRIENDS J WORK PLACE K MOVIE CLUBS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ X AIDSINFOCHURCH (V752F) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported a church or mosque as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Schools/teachers 802. From which sources of information have you learned the most about AIDS? Are there other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TELEVISION B NEWSPAPERS/MAGAZINES C POSTERS D HEALTH AGENTS E CHURCH/MOSQUE F SCHOOL/TEACHERS G NEIGHBORHOOD PRESENTATIONS H RELATIVES I FRIENDS J WORK PLACE K MOVIE CLUBS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ X AIDSINFOSCHOOL (V752G) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported schools or teachers as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Community meetings 802. From which sources of information have you learned the most about AIDS? Are there other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TELEVISION B NEWSPAPERS/MAGAZINES C POSTERS D HEALTH AGENTS E CHURCH/MOSQUE F SCHOOL/TEACHERS G NEIGHBORHOOD PRESENTATIONS H RELATIVES I FRIENDS J WORK PLACE K MOVIE CLUBS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ X AIDSINFOCOMM (V752H) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported community meetings as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Friend/relative 802. From which sources of information have you learned the most about AIDS? Are there other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TELEVISION B NEWSPAPERS/MAGAZINES C POSTERS D HEALTH AGENTS E CHURCH/MOSQUE F SCHOOL/TEACHERS G NEIGHBORHOOD PRESENTATIONS H RELATIVES I FRIENDS J WORK PLACE K MOVIE CLUBS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ X AIDSINFOFRND (V752I) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported friends or relatives as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Workplace 802. From which sources of information have you learned the most about AIDS? Are there other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TELEVISION B NEWSPAPERS/MAGAZINES C POSTERS D HEALTH AGENTS E CHURCH/MOSQUE F SCHOOL/TEACHERS G NEIGHBORHOOD PRESENTATIONS H RELATIVES I FRIENDS J WORK PLACE K MOVIE CLUBS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ X AIDSINFOWORK (V752J) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported her workplace as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Time since last intercourse Now I would like to ask you some questions about your sexual activity in order to gain a better understanding of certain problems related to family planning. 515. How long has it been since the last time you had sexual intercourse (if you've ever had it)? NEVER 00 (GO TO 608) DAYS AGO 1 ______ WEEKS AGO 2 _______ MONTHS AGO 3 _______ YEARS AGO 4 ______ BEFORE LAST BIRTH 996 TIMESINCESEX (V527) reports how many days, weeks, months or years had passed since the woman had sexual intercourse with her most recent sexual partner. 154 54 days 153 53 days 152 52 days 151 51 days 150 50 days 149 49 days 148 48 days 147 47 days 146 46 days 145 45 days 144 44 days 143 43 days 142 42 days 141 41 days 140 40 days 139 39 days 138 38 days 137 37 days 136 36 days 135 35 days 134 34 days 133 33 days 132 32 days 131 31 days 130 30 days 129 29 days 128 28 days 127 27 days 126 26 days 125 25 days 124 24 days 123 23 days 122 22 days 121 21 days 120 20 days 119 19 days 118 18 days 117 17 days 116 16 days 115 15 days 114 14 days 113 13 days 112 12 days 111 11 days 110 10 days 109 9 days 108 8 days 107 7 days 106 6 days 105 5 days 104 4 days 103 3 days 102 2 days 101 1 day 100 Less than 1 day ago 155 55 days 156 56 days 157 57 days 158 58 days 159 59 days 160 60 days 161 61 days 162 62 days 163 63 days 164 64 days 165 65 days 166 66 days 167 67 days 168 68 days 169 69 days 170 70 days 171 71 days 172 72 days 173 73 days 174 74 days 175 75 days 176 76 days 177 77 days 178 78 days 179 79 days 180 80 days 181 81 days 182 82 days 183 83 days 184 84 days 185 85 days 186 86 days 187 87 days 188 88 days 189 89 days 190 90 days 191 91 days 192 92 days 193 93 days 194 94 days 195 95 days 196 96 days 197 97 days 198 Days, number inconsistent 199 Days, number missing 200 WEEKS 201 1 week 202 2 weeks 203 3 weeks 204 4 weeks 205 5 weeks 206 6 weeks 207 7 weeks 208 8 weeks 209 9 weeks 210 10 weeks 211 11 weeks 212 12 weeks 213 13 weeks 214 14 weeks 215 15 weeks 216 16 weeks 217 17 weeks 218 18 weeks 219 19 weeks 220 20 weeks 221 21 weeks 222 22 weeks 223 23 weeks 224 24 weeks 225 25 weeks 226 26 weeks 227 27 weeks 228 28 weeks 229 29 weeks 230 30 weeks 231 31 weeks 232 32 weeks 233 33 weeks 234 34 weeks 235 35 weeks 236 36 weeks 237 37 weeks 238 38 weeks 239 39 weeks 240 40 weeks 241 41 weeks 242 42 weeks 243 43 weeks 244 44 weeks 245 45 weeks 246 46 weeks 247 47 weeks 248 48 weeks 249 49 weeks 250 50 weeks 251 51 weeks 252 52 weeks 298 Weeks, inconsistent 299 Weeks, number missing 300 MONTHS 301 1 month 302 2 months 303 3 months 304 4 months 305 5 months 306 6 months 307 7 months 308 8 months 309 9 months 310 10 months 311 11 months 312 12 months 313 13 months 314 14 months 315 15 months 316 16 months 317 17 months 318 18 months 319 19 months 320 20 months 321 21 months 322 22 months 323 23 months 324 24 months 325 25 months 326 26 months 327 27 months 328 28 months 329 29 months 330 30 months 331 31 months 332 32 months 333 33 months 334 34 months 335 35 months 336 36 months 337 37 months 338 38 months 339 39 months 340 40 months 341 41 months 342 42 months 343 43 months 344 44 months 345 45 months 346 46 months 347 47 months 348 48 months 349 49 months 350 50 months 351 51 months 352 52 months 353 53 months 354 54 months 355 55 months 356 56 months 357 57 months 358 58 months 359 59 months 360 60 months 361 61 months 362 62 months 363 63 months 364 64 months 365 65 months 366 66 months 367 67 months 368 68 months 369 69 months 370 70 months 371 71 months 372 72 months 373 73 months 374 74 months 375 75 months 376 76 months 377 77 months 378 78 months 379 79 months 380 80 months 381 81 months 382 82 months 383 83 months 384 84 months 385 85 months 386 86 months 387 87 months 388 88 months 389 89 months 390 90 months 391 91 months 392 92 months 393 93 months 394 94 months 395 95 months 396 96 months 397 97 months 398 Months, inconsistent 399 Months, number missing 400 YEARS 401 1 year 402 2 years 403 3 years 404 4 years 405 5 years 406 6 years 407 7 years 408 8 years 409 9 years 410 10 years 411 11 years 412 12 years 413 13 years 414 14 years 415 15 years 416 16 years 417 17 years 418 18 years 419 19 years 420 20 years 421 21 years 422 22 years 423 23 years 424 24 years 425 25 years 426 26 years 427 27 years 428 28 years 429 29 years 430 30 years 431 31 years 432 32 years 433 33 years 434 34 years 435 35 years 436 36 years 437 37 years 438 38 years 439 39 years 440 40 years 441 41 years 442 42 years 443 43 years 444 44 years 445 45 years 448 48 years 449 49 years 450 50+ years 499 Years, number missing 993 With former husband 994 Within last 4 weeks 995 Before last birth 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) 446 46 years 447 47 years Recent sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Time since last intercourse in days Now I would like to ask you some questions about your sexual activity in order to gain a better understanding of certain problems related to family planning. 515. How long has it been since the last time you had sexual intercourse (if you've ever had it)? NEVER 00 (GO TO 608) DAYS AGO 1 ______ WEEKS AGO 2 _______ MONTHS AGO 3 _______ YEARS AGO 4 ______ BEFORE LAST BIRTH 996 TIMESINCESEXD (V528) reports the number of days that have passed since the respondent last had sexual intercourse. Durations of more than 30 days are grouped into "31+." If the respondent reported having sexual intercourse in the last 4 weeks but replied that her last sexual intercourse was one month before the interview (in TIMESINCESEX (V527), this response is recoded to "30" in TIMESINCESEXD. In all other cases, a response of "One month" in TIMESINCESEX is coded as "31+." 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31+ days 92 Not married/no regular partner 93 Within last 4 weeks 94 Before last birth 95 With former husband 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Recent sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Time since last intercourse in months (imputed) Now I would like to ask you some questions about your sexual activity in order to gain a better understanding of certain problems related to family planning. 515. How long has it been since the last time you had sexual intercourse (if you've ever had it)? NEVER 00 (GO TO 608) DAYS AGO 1 ______ WEEKS AGO 2 _______ MONTHS AGO 3 _______ YEARS AGO 4 ______ BEFORE LAST BIRTH 996 TIMESINCESEXM (V529) reports the computed time (in months) since the respondent last had sexual intercourse. This variable's value is computed from the responses in TIMESINCESEX (V527), with durations exceeding the interval since the last birth recoded as "Before last birth." 000 Less than 1 month 993 No partner 994 With former husband 995 Before last birth 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Recent sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Flag for time since last sex (months, imputed) TIMESINCESEXFLAG (V530) is a flag variable reporting the type of problem found when editing responses about the time that has passed since the respondent last had sexual intercourse (in TIMESINCESEXM (V529)). Below are descriptions of each code: 0 = No flag 1 = Duration reported is greater than the interval since the last birth, and the respondent did not say in the maternity section (PPABSTAINNOW (V406)) that she is still abstaining from sexual relations since her last birth 2 = Duration reported plus the duration of abstinence after the last birth (PPABMO_01 (M8_1)) is greater than the interval since the last birth 3 = Duration reported, but the respondent has not resumed sexual intercourse since the last birth 4 = Respondent reported last intercourse was before her last birth, but she has never given birth 5 = Respondent reported last intercourse was before her last birth, but she was currently pregnant (PREGNANT (V213). 6 = Respondent reported last intercourse was before her last birth, but she reported in the maternity section that she had resumed sexual intercourse after her last birth 7 = Respondent reported a duration since her last intercourse, but this would place her last intercourse before her last pregnancy 8 = Respondent reported a duration since her last intercourse, but this response was inconsistent with her response concerning the number of times she had sexual intercourse in the 4 weeks preceding the survey (SX4WKX (V526)) 9 = Duration reported, but would place her last sexual intercourse before her last birth 00 No flag 01 Duration greater than time since last birth and did not report pp abstinence 02 Duration plus abstinence after last birth greater than time since last birth 03 Reported, but did not resume sex after last birth 04 Before last birth, but no births 05 Before last birth, but currently pregnant 06 Before last birth, but resumed sex after last birth 07 Reported but before last pregnancy 08 Reported but inconsistent with times had sex in past 4 weeks 09 Reported but before last birth 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Recent sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Has regular or occasional sex partner 503. Do you currently have a regular sexual partner, an occasional sexual partner, or no sexual partner at all? REGULAR SEXUAL PARTNER 1 OCCASIONAL SEXUAL PARTNER 2 NO SEXUAL PARTNER 3 For respondents who are not currently married or living with a partner, SXPARTNER (V534) indicates whether the respondent has no sex partner, a regular sex partner, or an occasional sex partner. 0 No sex partner 1 Regular sex partner 2 Occasional sex partner 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Recent sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Number of sex partners, including spouse, in past 12 months 521. With how many different people have you had sexual intercourse in the last 12 months? NUMBER OF PARTNERS _____ DOESN'T KNOW 96 SXPARYRNO (V766B) reports the number of sex partners the woman had in the past 12 months, including her spouse. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 83 84 84 85 85 86 86 87 87 88 88 89 89 90 90 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) 91 91 92 92 93 93 94 94 95 95+ Recent sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Age at first intercourse 519. What age were you when you had your first sexual encounter? AGE ____ FIRST TIME WHILE MARRIED 96 AGE1STSEX (V525) indicates the woman's self-reported age for the first time she had sexual intercourse. 00 Not had intercourse 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 94 Refused to respond 95 At first union 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) First or ever sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Age at first intercourse (imputed) 519. What age were you when you had your first sexual encounter? AGE ____ FIRST TIME WHILE MARRIED 96 AGE1STSEXIMP (V531) reports the respondent's age at first sexual intercourse. This variable is the same as AGE1STSEX (V525), except for women who reported their first sexual intercourse was at the time of their union. For these women, the age at first sex is taken from the age at first union. In cases where the age at first sex was inconsistent with the age at conception of the first child, but only by one year, the age at first sex was reduced by one year. 00 Not had sex 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 95 Refused to respond 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) First or ever sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Flag for age at first intercourse AGE1STSEXFLAG (V532) is a flag variable reporting the type of inconsistency found when editing responses about when the respondent first had sexual intercourse. Below are descriptions of each code: 0 = No flag 1 = Respondent reported age at first sexual intercourse that exceeds her current age (AGE (V012)) 2 = Respondent reported her age at first sexual intercourse as occurring more than one year after the conception of her first child 3 = Respondent reported her age at first sexual intercourse as occurring up to one year after the conception of her first child 4 = Respondent reported that her first sexual intercourse was at the time of her first marriage, but the respondent was never married (EVERMARRIED (V535)) 5 = Respondent reported that her first sexual intercourse was at the time of her first marriage, but her first marriage occurred after the conception of her first child 6 = Respondent reported her first sexual intercourse as being some time after her first marriage 0 No flag 1 After interview 2 After conception by 1 year or more 3 After conception by less than 1 year 4 At marriage, but never married 5 At marriage, but after conception 6 After marriage First or ever sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Knowledge of condom use for FP and/or STI prevention SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 Constructed from a series of questions, AIDCONHEARD (V764) reports whether the respondent knew of condoms, and if so, did she know about using condoms for family planning, for STI prevention, or for both family planning and STI prevention. Women are asked about their knowledge of using condoms for family planning reasons in the contraception table. AIDCONHEARD also draws upon a question asking about the woman's knowledge of using condoms for STI prevention. This question is worded as "Some people use a condom during sexual intercourse to protect themselves from AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections. Have you ever heard of this?" or some slight variation. IPUMS-DHS users may also be interested in the related variable AIDCONUSE (V764), which reports whether the woman had ever used condoms, and if so, whether she used condoms for family planning, for STI prevention, or for both family planning and STI prevention. 00 Does not know of condoms 10 Knows of condoms 11 Knows of condoms for FP 12 Knows of condoms for STI prevention 13 Knows of condoms for FP and STI prevention Condom knowledge and attitudes Variables -- TOPICS Heard of using condoms to avoid HIV/AIDS 811B. Some people use a condom during sexual intercourse to protect themselves from AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections. Have you already heard of this? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 901) AIDCONKNOW (V870) indicates whether the respondent has heard of using condoms to prevent HIV/AIDS or other sexually transmitted infections. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Condom knowledge and attitudes Variables -- TOPICS Condom used during woman's most recent intercourse 516. CHECK 301 AND 302: YES, SHE HAS HEARD OF CONDOMS. Did you use a condom during your last sexual encounter? NO, SHE HAS NEVER HEARD OF CONDOMS. Certain men use a condom, that is, they put a rubber sheath on their penis before having sexual intercourse. Did you use a condom during your last sexual encounter? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 517) DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 517) CONUSMAN1 (V761) indicates whether the woman used a condom the last time she had sex with her most recent sex partner (from the last 12 months). 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, male condom 12 Yes, female condom 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Condom use Variables -- TOPICS Ever used a condom for FP and/or STI prevention 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who has an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD (SPECIFY) ____ YES 1 NO 2 Constructed from a series of questions, AIDCONUSE (V765) reports whether the woman had ever used condoms, and if so, whether she used condoms for family planning, for STI prevention, or for both family planning and STI prevention. Women are asked about use of condoms for family planning reasons in the contraception table. AIDCONUSE also draws upon a question asking about the woman's use of condoms for STI prevention. This question is worded as "Have you ever used a condom during sexual relations to avoid getting AIDS or transmitting illnesses like AIDS?" or some slight variation. IPUMS-DHS users may also be interested in the related variable AIDCONHEARD (V765), which reports whether the woman knew of condoms, and if so, whether she knew about using condoms for family planning, for STI prevention, or for both family planning and STI prevention. 00 Never used condoms 10 Ever used condoms 11 Used condoms for FP 12 Used condoms for STI prevention 13 Used condoms for FP and STI prevention 99 NIU (not in universe) Condom use Variables -- TOPICS Used a condom to avoid HIV/AIDS or other STI 811D. Have you ever used a condom to protect yourself from illnesses such as AIDS? YES 1 NO 2 For women who have ever had sexual intercourse and have heard of using condoms to prevent HIV/AIDS or other sexually transmitted infections, CONUSESTI (V871) indicates whether the respondent has ever used a condom to prevent HIV/AIDS or another STI. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in unvierse) Condom use Variables -- TOPICS Known source for condoms 518. Where is that? IF IT IS A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OR A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC, WRITE THE NAME OF THE ESTABLISHMENT. PROBE TO DETERMINE THE PROPER TYPE OF SECTOR AND CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE. NAME OF PLACE _______________ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G PF/FISA CENTER H OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z For women who have ever had sexual intercourse, HCMSRC reports where she knows condoms can be obtained. Response categories vary across samples. See Comparability. 1000 PUBLIC SECTOR 1100 Government hospital 1110 National/central hospital 1120 Provincial/regional hospital 1130 District/rural hospital 1131 District hospital 1132 Rural hospital 1140 Day hospital 1200 Government health center 1210 Rural health center 1300 Government family planning clinic 1310 Stand-alone family planning clinic 1320 Mobile family planning clinic 1400 Government pharmacy/dispensary 1500 Government outreach 1510 Government mobile clinic 1520 Government health post 1530 Government health worker 1531 Public field worker 1532 Community-based distribution (CBD) worker 1600 Government maternity home 1900 Other public sector 1901 Social center 2000 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR 2100 Private hospital/clinic 2200 Private doctor 2300 Private pharmacy/dispensary 2400 Private family planning clinic 2500 Private outreach 2510 Private mobile clinic 2520 Private health worker 2521 Field worker 2522 Community-based distribution (CBD) worker 2600 Private maternity home 2900 Other private medical sector 3000 NGO FACILITY 3100 NGO health facility 4000 RELIGIOUS/MISSION 4100 Religious hospital/clinic 5000 OTHER 5100 Shop 5110 Gas station 5120 Stand/kiosk 5200 Church 5300 Friend/relative 5310 Friend 5320 Relative 5400 Other outreach 5410 Mobile clinic 5420 Community-based distribution (CBD) worker 5600 Traditional practitioner 5700 Hotel/bar 5710 Bar 5800 Informal channels 9995 Other 9997 Don't know source for condom 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) 1220 Primary health center 1521 Outreach clinic 2410 Injectable outlet General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Public hospital 518. Where is that? IF IT IS A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OR A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC, WRITE THE NAME OF THE ESTABLISHMENT. PROBE TO DETERMINE THE PROPER TYPE OF SECTOR AND CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE. NAME OF PLACE _______________ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G PF/FISA CENTER H OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z HCMPUBHOS (V762AA) indicates whether the woman reported a "government hospital" as a source for male condoms. Some samples in the "HCM" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of public hospitals that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in HCMPUBHOS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Public health center/post 518. Where is that? IF IT IS A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OR A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC, WRITE THE NAME OF THE ESTABLISHMENT. PROBE TO DETERMINE THE PROPER TYPE OF SECTOR AND CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE. NAME OF PLACE _______________ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G PF/FISA CENTER H OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z HCMPUBHC (V762AB) indicates whether the woman reported a public health center or health post as a source for male condoms. Some samples in the "HCM" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, such as HCMPUBHC, while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. Due to variability in response category wording, IPUMS-DHS users are encouraged to review the Comparability tab. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Public dispensary, pharmacy 518. Where is that? IF IT IS A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OR A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC, WRITE THE NAME OF THE ESTABLISHMENT. PROBE TO DETERMINE THE PROPER TYPE OF SECTOR AND CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE. NAME OF PLACE _______________ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G PF/FISA CENTER H OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z HCMPUBDRUG indicates whether the woman reported a public dispensary or pharmacy as a source for male condoms. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Other public source 518. Where is that? IF IT IS A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OR A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC, WRITE THE NAME OF THE ESTABLISHMENT. PROBE TO DETERMINE THE PROPER TYPE OF SECTOR AND CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE. NAME OF PLACE _______________ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G PF/FISA CENTER H OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z HCMPUBOTH (V762AF) indicates whether the woman reported some other public facility as a source for male condoms. The meaning of "other" depends on the sources for male condoms specified in a given sample. See HCMPRIVOTH (other private medical sector) and HCMOTHER (other non-medical sector) for similar variables. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Private hospital, clinic 518. Where is that? IF IT IS A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OR A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC, WRITE THE NAME OF THE ESTABLISHMENT. PROBE TO DETERMINE THE PROPER TYPE OF SECTOR AND CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE. NAME OF PLACE _______________ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G PF/FISA CENTER H OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z HCMPRIVHOS (V762AJ) indicates whether the woman reported a "private hospital/clinic" as a source for male condoms. Some samples in the "HCM" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of private hospitals/clinics that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in HCMPRIVHOS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Private pharmacy, drug store, or dispensary 518. Where is that? IF IT IS A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OR A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC, WRITE THE NAME OF THE ESTABLISHMENT. PROBE TO DETERMINE THE PROPER TYPE OF SECTOR AND CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE. NAME OF PLACE _______________ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G PF/FISA CENTER H OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z HCMPRIVDRUG (V762AK) indicates whether the woman reported a private pharmacy, drug store, or dispensary as a source for male condoms. Some samples in the "HCM" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of private, formal drug sources that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in HCMPRIVDRUG. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Private doctor 518. Where is that? IF IT IS A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OR A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC, WRITE THE NAME OF THE ESTABLISHMENT. PROBE TO DETERMINE THE PROPER TYPE OF SECTOR AND CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE. NAME OF PLACE _______________ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G PF/FISA CENTER H OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z HCMPRIVDR (V762AL) indicates whether the woman reported a "private doctor" as a source for male condoms. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Family planning clinic (private) 518. Where is that? IF IT IS A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OR A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC, WRITE THE NAME OF THE ESTABLISHMENT. PROBE TO DETERMINE THE PROPER TYPE OF SECTOR AND CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE. NAME OF PLACE _______________ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G PF/FISA CENTER H OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z HCMPRIVFPC indicates whether the woman reported a private family planning clinic or association as a source for male condoms. IPUMS-DHS users should be careful to distinguish this variable from HCMPUBFPC (public family planning clinic or association). 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Religious/mission hospital, health center, clinic, or dispensary 518. Where is that? IF IT IS A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OR A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC, WRITE THE NAME OF THE ESTABLISHMENT. PROBE TO DETERMINE THE PROPER TYPE OF SECTOR AND CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE. NAME OF PLACE _______________ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G PF/FISA CENTER H OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z HCMPRIVMIS indicates whether the woman reported a faith-based health facility as a source for male condoms. Some samples in the "HCM" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of faith-based facilities that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in HCMPRIVMIS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Other private source 518. Where is that? IF IT IS A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OR A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC, WRITE THE NAME OF THE ESTABLISHMENT. PROBE TO DETERMINE THE PROPER TYPE OF SECTOR AND CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE. NAME OF PLACE _______________ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G PF/FISA CENTER H OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z HCMPRIVOTH indicates whether the woman reported some other private medical facility or organization as a source for male condoms. The meaning of "other" depends on the sources for male condoms specified in a given sample. See HCMPUBOTH (other public medical sector) and HCMOTHER (other non-medical sector) for similar variables. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Shop (other) 518. Where is that? IF IT IS A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OR A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC, WRITE THE NAME OF THE ESTABLISHMENT. PROBE TO DETERMINE THE PROPER TYPE OF SECTOR AND CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE. NAME OF PLACE _______________ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G PF/FISA CENTER H OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z HCMSHOP (V762AS) indicates whether the woman reported a "shop" as a source for male condoms. Some samples in the "HCM" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of shops/retailers that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in HCMSHOP. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Friends/relatives (other) 518. Where is that? IF IT IS A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OR A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC, WRITE THE NAME OF THE ESTABLISHMENT. PROBE TO DETERMINE THE PROPER TYPE OF SECTOR AND CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE. NAME OF PLACE _______________ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G PF/FISA CENTER H OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z ***** 518. Where is that? IF IT IS A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OR A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC, WRITE THE NAME OF THE ESTABLISHMENT. PROBE TO DETERMINE THE PROPER TYPE OF SECTOR AND CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE. NAME OF PLACE _______________ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G PF/FISA CENTER H OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z HCMFRND (V762AU) indicates whether the woman reported "friends, acquaintances or relatives" as a source for male condoms. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Other 518. Where is that? IF IT IS A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OR A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC, WRITE THE NAME OF THE ESTABLISHMENT. PROBE TO DETERMINE THE PROPER TYPE OF SECTOR AND CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE. NAME OF PLACE _______________ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G PF/FISA CENTER H OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z HCMOTHER (V762AX) indicates whether the woman reported some other (non-public or not private medical sector) facility as a source for male condoms. The meaning of "other" depends on the sources for male condoms specified in a given sample. See HCMPUBOTH (other public medical sector) and HCMPRIVOTH (other private medical sector) for similar variables. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Friends (other) (Madagascar) 518. Where is that? IF IT IS A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OR A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC, WRITE THE NAME OF THE ESTABLISHMENT. PROBE TO DETERMINE THE PROPER TYPE OF SECTOR AND CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE. NAME OF PLACE _______________ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G PF/FISA CENTER H OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z HCMMG7 indicates whether the woman reported a friend as a source for male condoms. This response category is country-specific to Madagascar. Some samples in the "HCM" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. HCMMG7 is combined with HCMMG8 (relatives) in HCMFRND (friends, relatives, and acquaintances) for the 1997 Madagascar sample. IPUMS-DHS users interested in using HCMMG7 are encouraged to review HCMFRND for a more comprehensive response category. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Country-specific sources, male condom Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Relatives (other) (Madagascar) 518. Where is that? IF IT IS A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OR A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC, WRITE THE NAME OF THE ESTABLISHMENT. PROBE TO DETERMINE THE PROPER TYPE OF SECTOR AND CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE. NAME OF PLACE _______________ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G PF/FISA CENTER H OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z HCMMG8 indicates whether the woman reported a relative as a source for male condoms. This response category is country-specific to Madagascar. Some samples in the "HCM" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. HCMMG8 is combined with HCMMG7 (friends) in HCMFRND (friends, relatives, and acquaintances) for the 1997 Madagascar sample. IPUMS-DHS users interested in using HCMMG8 are encouraged to review HCMFRND for a more comprehensive response category. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Country-specific sources, male condom Variables -- TOPICS Heard of AIDS or other sexually transmitted infections SECTION 8. AIDS AND OTHER SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS 801A. Have you ever heard about infections that can be transmitted through sexual contact? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 801L) STIHEARD (V750) indicates whether the woman had heard of AIDS or any other sexually transmitted infection (STI). For a variable that indicates whether the respondent had heard of STIs other than AIDS, see STIHEARDOTH (V785). For a variable that indicates whether the respondent had heard of AIDS specifically, see AIDSHEARD (V751). 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 7 Don't know 1 Yes 0 No STI knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Heard of STI: Syphilis 801B. Which ones do you know of? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA (GENITAL WARTS) D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ W OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ X DOESN'T KNOW Z STIKNOWSYPH (V856A) indicates whether the respondent has heard of the sexually transmitted infection syphilis. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Heard of STI: Gonorrhea 801B. Which ones do you know of? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA (GENITAL WARTS) D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ W OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ X DOESN'T KNOW Z STIKNOWGON (V856B) indicates whether the respondent has heard of the sexually transmitted infection gonorrhea. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Heard of STI: HIV/AIDS 801B. Which ones do you know of? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA (GENITAL WARTS) D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ W OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ X DOESN'T KNOW Z STIKNOWAIDS (V856C) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having heard of the sexually transmitted infection HIV/AIDS. The related variable AIDSHEARD (V751) indicates whether in response to a direct, yes/no question, the respondent reported having heard of HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Heard of STI: Genital warts/condylomata 801B. Which ones do you know of? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA (GENITAL WARTS) D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ W OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ X DOESN'T KNOW Z STIKNOWGENW (V856D) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having heard of the sexually transmitted infection genital warts or condylomata. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Heard of STI: Other 801B. Which ones do you know of? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA (GENITAL WARTS) D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ W OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ X DOESN'T KNOW Z STIKNOWOTH (V856X) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having heard of some other sexually transmitted infection. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific categories included in a particular sample. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Heard of STI: Don't know name 801B. Which ones do you know of? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA (GENITAL WARTS) D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ W OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ X DOESN'T KNOW Z STIKNOWDK (V856Z) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having heard of sexually transmitted infections, but did not know any by name. 0 No 1 Yes, does not know any STI by name 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Had any sexually transmitted infection in last 12 months 801D. In the last 12 months, have you had one of these infections? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 801F) DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 801F) STIANYR (V763A) indicates whether the woman had any sexually transmitted infection in the last 12 months. How this information was collected changed over time. See Comparability. 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 7 Don't know 1 Yes 0 No STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had genital discharge in last 12 months 801F. In the last 12 months, have you had any vaginal or anal releasing/discharge? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 801L) STIDISCHGYR (V763C) indicates whether the woman had any bad smelling abnormal genital discharge in the last 12 months. 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 7 Don't know 1 Yes 0 No STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had STI in past 12 months: Syphilis 801E. Which infections did you have? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA (GENITAL WARTS) D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ W OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ X DOESN'T KNOW Z For women who reported having a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STISYPHYR (V858A) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having syphilis. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had STI in past 12 months: Gonorrhea 801E. Which infections did you have? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA (GENITAL WARTS) D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ W OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ X DOESN'T KNOW Z For women who reported having a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIGONYR (V858B) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having gonorrhea. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had STI in past 12 months: AIDS 801E. Which infections did you have? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA (GENITAL WARTS) D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ W OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ X DOESN'T KNOW Z For women who reported having a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIAIDSYR (V858C) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had STI in past 12 months: Genital warts 801E. Which infections did you have? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA (GENITAL WARTS) D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ W OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ X DOESN'T KNOW Z For women who reported having a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIGENWYR (V858D) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having genital warts. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had STI in past 12 months: Other 801E. Which infections did you have? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA (GENITAL WARTS) D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ W OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ X DOESN'T KNOW Z For women who reported having a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIOTHYR (V858X) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having some other sexually transmitted infection. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific categories included in a particular sample. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had STI in past 12 months: Unknown STI 801E. Which infections did you have? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA (GENITAL WARTS) D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ W OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ X DOESN'T KNOW Z For women who reported having a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIDKYR (V858Z) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having an unknown sexually transmitted infection. 0 No 1 Yes, had unknown STI 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Told partner(s) last time had STI 801I. When you had (INFECTION(S) FROM 801E), did you inform your sexual partner(s)? YES 1 NO 2 For women who had a sexually transmitted infection (STI), abnormal genital discharge, or genital ulcer/sore in the past 12 months, STIPTOLD (V770) indicates whether the woman told her partner(s) she had the STI. 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 3 No partner 2 Some/not all 1 Yes 0 No STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Tried to avoid infecting partner(s) with last STI infection 801J. When you had (INFECTION(S) FROM 801E), did you do anything to avoid infecting your sexual partner(s)? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 801L) PARTNER ALREADY INFECTED 8 (GO TO 801L) For women who had a sexually transmitted infection (STI), abnormal genital discharge, or genital ulcer/sore in the past 12 months, STIPAVOID (V772) indicates whether the woman tried to avoid infecting her partner(s) with the STI. 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 2 Partner already infected 1 Yes 0 No 3 No partner STI experience Variables -- TOPICS How avoided infecting partner: Used condoms 801K. What did you do? AVOIDED SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A USED CONDOMS B TOOK MEDICATION C OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X For women who had a sexually transmitted infection (STI), abnormal genital discharge, or a genital ulcer/sore in the past 12 months, STIPCONDOM (V773B) indicates whether the woman used a condom to avoid infecting her partner(s) with the STI. 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 1 Yes, used condoms 0 No STI experience Variables -- TOPICS How avoided infecting partner: Took medicines 801K. What did you do? AVOIDED SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A USED CONDOMS B TOOK MEDICATION C OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X For women who had a sexually transmitted infection (STI), abnormal genital discharge, or a genital ulcer/sore in the past 12 months, STIPMED (V773C) indicates whether the woman took medicine to avoid infecting her partner(s) with the STI. 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 1 Yes, took medicines 0 No STI experience Variables -- TOPICS How avoided infecting partner: Stopped sexual intercourse 801K. What did you do? AVOIDED SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A USED CONDOMS B TOOK MEDICATION C OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X For women who had a sexually transmitted infection (STI), abnormal genital discharge, or a genital ulcer/sore in the past 12 months, STIPNOSEX (V773A) indicates whether the woman abstained from sex to avoid infecting her partner(s) with the STI. 0 No 1 Yes, stopped sexual intercourse 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI experience Variables -- TOPICS How avoided infecting partner: Other 801K. What did you do? AVOIDED SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A USED CONDOMS B TOOK MEDICATION C OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection (STI) in the past 12 months, STIPOTHER (V773X) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman stated she did some "other" thing to avoid infecting her partner(s) with the STI. The meaning of "other" depends on the specific response categories included in a given sample. 0 No 1 Yes, other 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Sought advice for last STI 801G. The last time you had this infection (these infections), did you seek advice or treatment, treat yourself at home, or do nothing? SOUGHT TREATMENT 1 TREATED HERSELF 2 (GO TO 801I) NOTHING 3 (GO TO 801I) For women who had a sexually-transmitted infection (STI), abnormal genital discharge, or genital sore/ulcer in the past 12 months, STIADVICE (V770) indicates whether they sought advice or treatment for this problem. 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 1 Yes 0 No Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Public hospital 801H. Where did you seek advice or treatment? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L HEALER M OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADPUBHOS indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they repeated seeking advice or treatment from a public hospital for this problem. Some samples in the "STIAD" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of public hospitals that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in STIADPUBHOS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Public health center 801H. Where did you seek advice or treatment? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L HEALER M OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADPUBHC indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from a public hospital for this problem. Some samples in the "STIAD" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of public health centers that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in STIADPUBHC. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Health post/dispensary (public) 801H. Where did you seek advice or treatment? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L HEALER M OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADHPDISP indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from a health post or dispensary for this problem. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Dispensary (public) 801H. Where did you seek advice or treatment? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L HEALER M OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADPUBDRUG indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from a public dispensary or pharmacy for this problem. Users should be careful to distinguish this variable from STIADOTHDRUG and STIADPRIVDRUG, which refer to other, informal drug sources and private, formal drug sources, respectively. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Other public 801H. Where did you seek advice or treatment? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L HEALER M OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADPUBOTH indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from some "other" public medical facility for this problem. The meaning of "other" depends on the specific response categories included in a given sample. Users should be careful to distinguish this variable from STIADPRIVOTH ("other" under the private medical sector) and STIADOTHER ("other" not under either the private or the public medical sector). 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Private hospital/clinic/doctor 801H. Where did you seek advice or treatment? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L HEALER M OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z ***** 801H. Where did you seek advice or treatment? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L HEALER M OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADPRIVHOS indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from a private hospital, clinic, or doctor for this problem. Some samples in the "STIAD" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Private pharmacy, dispensary, or drug store 801H. Where did you seek advice or treatment? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L HEALER M OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADPRIVDRUG indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from a private pharmacy, drug store, or dispensary for this problem. Some samples in the "STIAD" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of private drug sources that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in STIADPRIVDRUG. Users should be careful to distinguish STIADPRIVDRUG from STIADOTHDRUG and STIADPUBDRUG, which refer to other, informal drug sources and public, formal drug sources, respectively. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Other private medical 801H. Where did you seek advice or treatment? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L HEALER M OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADPRIVOTH indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from some "other" private medical facility for this problem. The meaning of "other" depends on the specific response categories included in a given sample. Users should be careful to distinguish this variable from STIADPUBOTH ("other" under the public medical sector) and STIADOTHER ("other" that is not under either the private or the public medical sector). 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Shop 801H. Where did you seek advice or treatment? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L HEALER M OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADSHOP indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from a shop for this problem. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Traditional healer/herbalist (other) 801H. Where did you seek advice or treatment? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L HEALER M OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADPRIVHL indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from a traditional practitioner for this problem. Users should be careful to distinguish this variable from STIADPRIVHLYN, which includes responses to a similar but closed-ended question. Some samples in the "STIAD" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Other 801H. Where did you seek advice or treatment? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L HEALER M OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADOTHER indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from some "other" source for this problem. The meaning of "other" depends on the specific response categories included in a given sample. Users should be careful to distinguish this variable from STIADPUBOTH ("other" under the public medical sector) and STIADPRIVOTH ("other" under the private medical sector). STIADOTHER includes those "other" categories that do not fit into the public or private medical sector. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Private hospital/clinic (Madagascar) 801H. Where did you seek advice or treatment? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L HEALER M OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADMG1 indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from a private hospital/clinic for this problem. This response category is country-specific to Madagascar. Some samples in the "STIAD" series include multiple categories that can be consolidated into a single broad response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, while also preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. STIADMG1 is combined with STIADMG2 (private doctor) in STIADPRIVHOS (private hospital, clinic, or doctor) for the 1997 and 2008 Madagascar samples. IPUMS-DHS users interested in using STIADMG1 are encouraged to review STIADPRIVHOS for a more comprehensive response category. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, CS Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Private doctor (Madagascar) 801H. Where did you seek advice or treatment? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L HEALER M OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADMG2 indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from a private doctor for this problem. This response category is country-specific to Madagascar. Some samples in the "STIAD" series include multiple categories that can be consolidated into a single broad response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, while also preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. STIADMG2 is combined with STIADMG1 (private hospital/clinic) in STIADPRIVHOS (private hospital, clinic, or doctor) for the 1997 and 2008 Madagascar samples. IPUMS-DHS users interested in using STIADMG2 are encouraged to review STIADPRIVHOS for a more comprehensive response category. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, CS Variables -- TOPICS Doctor gave delivery care 413. Who assisted you with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE(S) OF PERSON(S) AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT D RELATIVE/FRIEND E OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ X NO ONE Y For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELDOC_ALL (M3A_x) indicates whether a doctor gave delivery care. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. DELDOC_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (DELDOC_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., DELDOC_02, DELDOC_03, DELDOC_04, DELDOC_05, and DELDOC_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If DELDOC_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then DELDOC_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 DELDOC_ALL available Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Doctor gave delivery care for last birth 413. Who assisted you with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE(S) OF PERSON(S) AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT D RELATIVE/FRIEND E OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ X NO ONE Y For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELDOC_01 (M3A_1) indicates whether a doctor gave delivery care (for the last birth). Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Doctor gave delivery care (second to last birth) 413. Who assisted you with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE(S) OF PERSON(S) AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT D RELATIVE/FRIEND E OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ X NO ONE Y 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Doctor gave delivery care (third to last birth) 413. Who assisted you with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE(S) OF PERSON(S) AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT D RELATIVE/FRIEND E OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ X NO ONE Y 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Doctor gave delivery care (fourth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Doctor gave delivery care (fifth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Doctor gave delivery care (sixth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Nurse/midwife gave delivery care 413. Who assisted you with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE(S) OF PERSON(S) AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT D RELATIVE/FRIEND E OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ X NO ONE Y For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey, DELNURM_ALL (M3B_x) indicates whether a nurse or midwife (categories combined or not distinguished) assisted with the child's delivery. DELNURM_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (DELNURM_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., DELNURM_02, DELNURM_03, DELNURM_04, DELNURM_05, and DELNURM_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If DELNURM_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then DELNURM_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. Some samples in the "DEL" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, such as DELNURM_ALL, while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include separate categories for nurse and midwife that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories in this variable. 1 DELNURM_ALL available Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Nurse/midwife gave delivery care for last birth 413. Who assisted you with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE(S) OF PERSON(S) AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT D RELATIVE/FRIEND E OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ X NO ONE Y For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELNURM_01 (M3B_1) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported a nurse or midwife (categories combined or not distinguished) gave delivery care (for the last birth). Some samples in the "DEL" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, such as DELNURM_01, while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include separate categories for nurse and midwife that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories in this variable. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Nurse/midwife gave delivery care for second to last birth 413. Who assisted you with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE(S) OF PERSON(S) AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT D RELATIVE/FRIEND E OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ X NO ONE Y 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Nurse/midwife gave delivery care for third to last birth 413. Who assisted you with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE(S) OF PERSON(S) AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT D RELATIVE/FRIEND E OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ X NO ONE Y 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Nurse/midwife gave delivery care for fourth to last birth 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Nurse/midwife gave delivery care for fifth to last birth 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Nurse/midwife gave delivery care for sixth to last birth 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Traditional birth attendant gave delivery care 413. Who assisted you with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE(S) OF PERSON(S) AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT D RELATIVE/FRIEND E OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ X NO ONE Y For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELTBA_ALL (M3G_x) indicates whether a traditional birth attendant gave delivery care. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. Wording for this response category varied across samples. See Comparability. DELTBA_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (DELTBA_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., DELTBA_02, DELTBA_03, DELTBA_04, DELTBA_05, and DELTBA_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If DELTBA_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then DELTBA_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 DELTBA_ALL available Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Traditional birth attendant gave delivery care for last birth 413. Who assisted you with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE(S) OF PERSON(S) AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT D RELATIVE/FRIEND E OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ X NO ONE Y For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELTBA_01 (M3G_1) indicates whether a traditional birth attendant gave delivery care (for the last birth). Wording for this response category varied across samples. See Comparability. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Traditional birth attendant gave delivery care for second to last birth 413. Who assisted you with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE(S) OF PERSON(S) AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT D RELATIVE/FRIEND E OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ X NO ONE Y 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Traditional birth attendant gave delivery care for third to last birth 413. Who assisted you with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE(S) OF PERSON(S) AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT D RELATIVE/FRIEND E OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ X NO ONE Y 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Traditional birth attendant gave delivery care for fourth to last birth 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Traditional birth attendant gave delivery care for fifth to last birth 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Traditional birth attendant gave delivery care for sixth to last birth 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Relative gave delivery care 413. Who assisted you with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE(S) OF PERSON(S) AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT D RELATIVE/FRIEND E OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ X NO ONE Y For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELREL_ALL (M3H_x) indicates whether a relative gave delivery care. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. DELREL_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (DELREL_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., DELREL_02, DELREL_03, DELREL_04, DELREL_05, and DELREL_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If DELREL_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then DELREL_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 DELREL_ALL available Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Relative gave delivery care for last birth 413. Who assisted you with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE(S) OF PERSON(S) AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT D RELATIVE/FRIEND E OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ X NO ONE Y For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELREL_01 (M3H_1) indicates whether a relative gave delivery care (for the last birth). Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Relative gave delivery care for second to last birth 413. Who assisted you with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE(S) OF PERSON(S) AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT D RELATIVE/FRIEND E OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ X NO ONE Y 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Relative gave delivery care for third to last birth 413. Who assisted you with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE(S) OF PERSON(S) AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT D RELATIVE/FRIEND E OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ X NO ONE Y 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Relative gave delivery care for fourth to last birth 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Relative gave delivery care for fifth to last birth 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Relative gave delivery care for sixth to last birth 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Other person gave delivery care 413. Who assisted you with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE(S) OF PERSON(S) AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT D RELATIVE/FRIEND E OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ X NO ONE Y For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELOTH_ALL (M3K_x) indicates whether some other person gave delivery care. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific categories included in a given sample. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. DELOTH_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (DELOTH_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., DELOTH_02, DELOTH_03, DELOTH_04, DELOTH_05, and DELOTH_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If DELOTH_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then DELOTH_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 DELOTH_ALL available Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Other person gave delivery care for last birth 413. Who assisted you with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE(S) OF PERSON(S) AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT D RELATIVE/FRIEND E OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ X NO ONE Y For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELOTH_01 (M3K_1) indicates whether some other person gave delivery care (for the last birth). The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific categories included in a given sample. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Other person gave delivery care for second to last birth 413. Who assisted you with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE(S) OF PERSON(S) AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT D RELATIVE/FRIEND E OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ X NO ONE Y 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Other person gave delivery care for third to last birth 413. Who assisted you with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE(S) OF PERSON(S) AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT D RELATIVE/FRIEND E OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ X NO ONE Y 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Other person gave delivery care for fourth to last birth 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Other person gave delivery care for fifth to last birth 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Other person gave delivery care for sixth to last birth 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS No one gave delivery care 413. Who assisted you with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE(S) OF PERSON(S) AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT D RELATIVE/FRIEND E OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ X NO ONE Y For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELNONE_ALL (M3N_x) indicates whether no one assisted with the delivery. DELNONE_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (DELNONE_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., DELNONE_02, DELNONE_03, DELNONE_04, DELNONE_05, and DELNONE_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If DELNONE_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then DELNONE_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 DELNONE_ALL available Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS No one gave delivery care (last birth) 413. Who assisted you with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE(S) OF PERSON(S) AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT D RELATIVE/FRIEND E OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ X NO ONE Y For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELNONE_01 (M3N_1) indicates whether no one assisted with delivery (for the last birth). 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS No one gave delivery care (second to last birth) 413. Who assisted you with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE(S) OF PERSON(S) AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT D RELATIVE/FRIEND E OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ X NO ONE Y 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS No one gave delivery care (third to last birth) 413. Who assisted you with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE(S) OF PERSON(S) AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT D RELATIVE/FRIEND E OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ X NO ONE Y 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS No one gave delivery care (fourth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS No one gave delivery care (fifth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS No one gave delivery care (sixth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Last birth caesarean section 415. Was (NAME) delivered by caesarean section? YES 1 NO 2 For women who gave birth in the three to five years before the survey, DELCESRLAST (V401) indicates whether the last-born child was delivered by caesarean section. When children or births are the unit of analysis, this variable describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes allchildren of the mother to be coded the same way. Question wording varies slightly across samples. See Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Delivery by caesarian section 415. Was (NAME) delivered by caesarean section? YES 1 NO 2 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELCESR_ALL (M17_x) indicates whether their child was born by caesarian section. Question wording varied somewhat across samples; see Comparability. DELCESR_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (DELCESR_01) up to, potentially, the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., DELCESR_02, DELCESR_03, DELCESR_04, DELCESR_05, and DELCESR_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If DELCESR_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. This information was collected for all births within the reference period preceding the survey. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then DELCESR_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 DELCESR_ALL available Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Delivery by caesarian section (last birth) 415. Was (NAME) delivered by caesarean section? YES 1 NO 2 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELCESR_01 (M17_1) indicates whether the child was born by caesarian section (for the last birth). Question wording varied somewhat across samples. See Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Delivery by caesarian section (second to last birth) 415. Was (NAME) delivered by caesarean section? YES 1 NO 2 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Delivery by caesarian section (third to last birth) 415. Was (NAME) delivered by caesarean section? YES 1 NO 2 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Delivery by caesarian section (fourth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Delivery by caesarian section (fifth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Delivery by caesarian section (sixth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Place of delivery 412. Where did you give birth to (NAME)? HOME YOUR HOME 11 OTHER HOME 12 PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL 21 HEALTH CENTER 22 LOCAL HEALTH POST 23 OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) ______ 26 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC 31 OTHER PRIVATE MEDICAL (SPECIFY) ______ 36 OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ 96 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELPL_ALL (M15_x) reports where she delivered her child. Response categories vary across samples. See Comparability. DELPL_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (DELPL_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., DELPL_02, DELPL_03, DELPL_04, DELPL_05, and DELPL_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If DELPL_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then DELPL_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 DELPL_ALL available Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Place of delivery (last birth) 412. Where did you give birth to (NAME)? HOME YOUR HOME 11 OTHER HOME 12 PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL 21 HEALTH CENTER 22 LOCAL HEALTH POST 23 OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) ______ 26 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC 31 OTHER PRIVATE MEDICAL (SPECIFY) ______ 36 OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ 96 See DELPL_ALL. 1000 HOME 1100 Respondent's home 1200 Respondent's parents' home 1300 Nurse/midwife's home 1400 TBA's home 1500 Community/village health worker's home 1900 Other home 2000 PUBLIC SECTOR 2100 Government hospital 2110 Referral/specialty hospital 2120 National/central hospital 2130 Provincial/regional hospital 2140 Urban hospital 2150 District/rural hospital 2151 District hospital 2152 Rural hospital 2160 University hospital 2170 Military hospital 2180 Day hospital 2200 Government health center 2210 Referral health center 2220 Community health center 2230 Urban health center 2240 Rural health center 2250 Integrated health center 2260 Family welfare center 2270 Primary health center 2280 Basic health center 2290 Sub-health center 2300 Government maternal and child health (MCH) center 2400 Government outreach 2410 Government health post 2411 Village health post 2412 Sub-health post 2413 Outreach clinic 2420 Government mobile clinic 2430 Government health worker 2431 Community based distribution (CBD) 2432 Field worker 2433 Community midwife 2500 Government dispensary 2600 Government family planning clinic 2900 Other public sector 2901 Health home 2902 Health station/clinic 2903 Health office 2904 Community clinic 3000 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR 3100 Private hospital/clinic 3110 Private hospital 3111 Referral/specialty hospital 3112 District hospital 3113 Medical college hospital 3120 Private clinic 3121 Clinic 3122 Polyclinic 3200 Private doctor 3300 Private health center 3400 Private nursing/maternity home 3500 Private outreach 3510 Private mobile clinic 3520 Private health worker 3521 Nurse 3530 Private health post 3600 Private family planninc clinic 3700 Private pharmacy/dispensary 3900 Other private medical sector 4000 NGO FACILITY 4100 NGO health facility 4110 Static clinic 4120 Red Cross facility 4130 Marie Stopes 4140 Refugee/NGO hospital 4200 Country-specific NGOs 4201 BLM 4202 CSI 4203 Egyptian family planning association (EFPA) 4900 Other NGO 5000 RELIGIOUS/MISSION 5100 Religious hospital/clinic 5110 Religious hospital 5111 Religious referral/specialty hospital 5112 Religious district hospital 5120 Religious clinic 5200 Religious health center/dispensary 5210 Religious health center 5220 Religious dispensary 5300 Religious health post 5900 Other religious/mission 6000 OTHER 6100 En route to provider 6200 Outside 6300 Abroad 9995 Other 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Place of delivery (second to last birth) 412. Where did you give birth to (NAME)? HOME YOUR HOME 11 OTHER HOME 12 PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL 21 HEALTH CENTER 22 LOCAL HEALTH POST 23 OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) ______ 26 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC 31 OTHER PRIVATE MEDICAL (SPECIFY) ______ 36 OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ 96 4140 Refugee/NGO hospital 5900 Othre religious/mission 3530 Private health post 4130 Marie Stopes 2432 Field worker 2413 Outreach clinic 2412 Sub-health post 1000 HOME 1100 Respondent's home 1200 Respondent's parents' home 1300 Nurse/midwife's home 1400 TBA's home 1500 Community/village health worker's home 1900 Other home 2000 PUBLIC SECTOR 2100 Government hospital 2110 Referral/specialty hospital 2120 National/central hospital 2130 Provincial/regional hospital 2140 Urban hospital 2150 District/rural hospital 2151 District hospital 2152 Rural hospital 2160 University hospital 2170 Military hospital 2180 Day hospital 2200 Government health center 2210 Referral health center 2220 Community health center 2230 Urban health center 2240 Rural health center 2250 Integrated health center 2260 Family welfare center 2270 Primary health center 2280 Basic health center 2290 Sub-health center 2300 Government maternal and child health (MCH) center 2400 Government outreach 2410 Government health post 2411 Village health post 2420 Government mobile clinic 2430 Government health worker 2431 Community based distribution (CBD) 2500 Government dispensary 2600 Government family planning clinic 2900 Other public sector 2901 Health home 2902 Health station/clinic 2903 Health office 2904 Community clinic 3000 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR 3100 Private hospital/clinic 3110 Private hospital 3111 Referral/specialty hospital 3112 District hospital 3113 Medical college hospital 3120 Private clinic 3121 Clinic 3122 Polyclinic 3200 Private doctor 3300 Private health center 3400 Private nursing/maternity home 3500 Private outreach 3510 Private mobile clinic 3520 Private health worker 3521 Nurse 3600 Private family planninc clinic 3700 Private pharmacy/dispensary 3900 Other private medical sector 4000 NGO FACILITY 4100 NGO health facility 4110 Static clinic 4120 Red Cross facility 4200 Country-specific NGOs 4201 BLM 4202 CSI 4203 Egyptian family planning association (EFPA) 4900 Other NGO 5000 RELIGIOUS/MISSION 5100 Religious hospital/clinic 5110 Religious hospital 5111 Religious referral/specialty hospital 5112 Religious district hospital 5120 Religious clinic 5200 Religious health center/dispensary 5210 Religious health center 5220 Religious dispensary 5300 Religious health post 6000 OTHER 6100 En route to provider 6200 Outside 6300 Abroad 9995 Other 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) 2433 Community midwife Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Place of delivery (third to last birth) 412. Where did you give birth to (NAME)? HOME YOUR HOME 11 OTHER HOME 12 PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL 21 HEALTH CENTER 22 LOCAL HEALTH POST 23 OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) ______ 26 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC 31 OTHER PRIVATE MEDICAL (SPECIFY) ______ 36 OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ 96 4140 Refugee/NGO hospital 2433 Community midwife 5900 Other religious/mission 4130 Marie Stopes 2432 Field worker 2413 Outreach clinic 2412 Sub-health post 1000 HOME 1100 Respondent's home 1200 Respondent's parents' home 1300 Nurse/midwife's home 1400 TBA's home 1500 Community/village health worker's home 1900 Other home 2000 PUBLIC SECTOR 2100 Government hospital 2110 Referral/specialty hospital 2120 National/central hospital 2130 Provincial/regional hospital 2140 Urban hospital 2150 District/rural hospital 2151 District hospital 2152 Rural hospital 2160 University hospital 2170 Military hospital 2180 Day hospital 2200 Government health center 2210 Referral health center 2220 Community health center 2230 Urban health center 2240 Rural health center 2250 Integrated health center 2260 Family welfare center 2270 Primary health center 2280 Basic health center 2290 Sub-health center 2300 Government maternal and child health (MCH) center 2400 Government outreach 2410 Government health post 2411 Village health post 2420 Government mobile clinic 2430 Government health worker 2431 Community based distribution (CBD) 2500 Government dispensary 2600 Government family planning clinic 2900 Other public sector 2901 Health home 2902 Health station/clinic 2903 Health office 2904 Community clinic 3000 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR 3100 Private hospital/clinic 3110 Private hospital 3111 Referral/specialty hospital 3112 District hospital 3113 Medical college hospital 3120 Private clinic 3121 Clinic 3122 Polyclinic 3200 Private doctor 3300 Private health center 3400 Private nursing/maternity home 3500 Private outreach 3510 Private mobile clinic 3520 Private health worker 3521 Nurse 3600 Private family planninc clinic 3700 Private pharmacy/dispensary 3900 Other private medical sector 4000 NGO FACILITY 4100 NGO health facility 4110 Static clinic 4120 Red Cross facility 4200 Country-specific NGOs 4201 BLM 4202 CSI 4203 Egyptian family planning association (EFPA) 4900 Other NGO 5000 RELIGIOUS/MISSION 5100 Religious hospital/clinic 5110 Religious hospital 5111 Religious referral/specialty hospital 5112 Religious district hospital 5120 Religious clinic 5200 Religious health center/dispensary 5210 Religious health center 5220 Religious dispensary 5300 Religious health post 6000 OTHER 6100 En route to provider 6200 Outside 6300 Abroad 9995 Other 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Place of delivery (fourth to last birth) 4140 Refugee/NGO hospital 2433 Community midwife 5900 Other religious/mission 3530 Private health post 4130 Marie Stopes 2432 Field worker 2413 Outreach clinic 2412 Sub-health post 1000 HOME 1100 Respondent's home 1200 Respondent's parents' home 1300 Nurse/midwife's home 1400 TBA's home 1500 Community/village health worker's home 1900 Other home 2000 PUBLIC SECTOR 2100 Government hospital 2110 Referral/specialty hospital 2120 National/central hospital 2130 Provincial/regional hospital 2140 Urban hospital 2150 District/rural hospital 2151 District hospital 2152 Rural hospital 2160 University hospital 2170 Military hospital 2180 Day hospital 2200 Government health center 2210 Referral health center 2220 Community health center 2230 Urban health center 2240 Rural health center 2250 Integrated health center 2260 Family welfare center 2270 Primary health center 2280 Basic health center 2290 Sub-health center 2300 Government maternal and child health (MCH) center 2400 Government outreach 2410 Government health post 2411 Village health post 2420 Government mobile clinic 2430 Government health worker 2431 Community based distribution (CBD) 2500 Government dispensary 2600 Government family planning clinic 2900 Other public sector 2901 Health home 2902 Health station/clinic 2903 Health office 2904 Community clinic 3000 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR 3100 Private hospital/clinic 3110 Private hospital 3111 Referral/specialty hospital 3112 District hospital 3113 Medical college hospital 3120 Private clinic 3121 Clinic 3122 Polyclinic 3200 Private doctor 3300 Private health center 3400 Private nursing/maternity home 3500 Private outreach 3510 Private mobile clinic 3520 Private health worker 3521 Nurse 3600 Private family planninc clinic 3700 Private pharmacy/dispensary 3900 Other private medical sector 4000 NGO FACILITY 4100 NGO health facility 4110 Static clinic 4120 Red Cross facility 4200 Country-specific NGOs 4201 BLM 4202 CSI 4203 Egyptian family planning association (EFPA) 4900 Other NGO 5000 RELIGIOUS/MISSION 5100 Religious hospital/clinic 5110 Religious hospital 5111 Religious referral/specialty hospital 5112 Religious district hospital 5120 Religious clinic 5200 Religious health center/dispensary 5210 Religious health center 5220 Religious dispensary 5300 Religious health post 6000 OTHER 6100 En route to provider 6200 Outside 6300 Abroad 9995 Other 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Place of delivery (fifth to last birth) 4140 Refugee/NGO hospital 2433 Community midwife 4130 Marie Stopes 2432 Field worker 2413 Outreach clinic 2412 Sub-health post 1000 HOME 1100 Respondent's home 1200 Respondent's parents' home 1300 Nurse/midwife's home 1400 TBA's home 1500 Community/village health worker's home 1900 Other home 2000 PUBLIC SECTOR 2100 Government hospital 2110 Referral/specialty hospital 2120 National/central hospital 2130 Provincial/regional hospital 2140 Urban hospital 2150 District/rural hospital 2151 District hospital 2152 Rural hospital 2160 University hospital 2170 Military hospital 2180 Day hospital 2200 Government health center 2210 Referral health center 2220 Community health center 2230 Urban health center 2240 Rural health center 2250 Integrated health center 2260 Family welfare center 2270 Primary health center 2280 Basic health center 2290 Sub-health center 2300 Government maternal and child health (MCH) center 2400 Government outreach 2410 Government health post 2411 Village health post 2420 Government mobile clinic 2430 Government health worker 2431 Community based distribution (CBD) 2500 Government dispensary 2600 Government family planning clinic 2900 Other public sector 2901 Health home 2902 Health station/clinic 2903 Health office 2904 Community clinic 3000 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR 3100 Private hospital/clinic 3110 Private hospital 3111 Referral/specialty hospital 3112 District hospital 3113 Medical college hospital 3120 Private clinic 3121 Clinic 3122 Polyclinic 3200 Private doctor 3300 Private health center 3400 Private nursing/maternity home 3500 Private outreach 3510 Private mobile clinic 3520 Private health worker 3521 Nurse 3600 Private family planninc clinic 3700 Private pharmacy/dispensary 3900 Other private medical sector 4000 NGO FACILITY 4100 NGO health facility 4110 Static clinic 4120 Red Cross facility 4200 Country-specific NGOs 4201 BLM 4202 CSI 4203 Egyptian family planning association (EFPA) 4900 Other NGO 5000 RELIGIOUS/MISSION 5100 Religious hospital/clinic 5110 Religious hospital 5111 Religious referral/specialty hospital 5112 Religious district hospital 5120 Religious clinic 5200 Religious health center/dispensary 5210 Religious health center 5220 Religious dispensary 5300 Religious health post 6000 OTHER 6100 En route to provider 6200 Outside 6300 Abroad 9995 Other 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) 3530 Private health post 5900 Other religious/mission Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Place of delivery (sixth to last birth) 4140 Refugee/NGO hospital 2433 Community midwife 4130 Marie Stopes 3530 Private health post 2432 Field worker 2413 Outreach clinic 2412 Sub-health post 1000 HOMES 1100 Respondent's home 1200 Respondent's parents' home 1300 Nurse/midwife's home 1400 TBA's home 1500 Community/village health worker's home 1900 Other home 2000 PUBLIC SECTOR 2100 Government hospital 2110 Referral/specialty hospital 2120 National/central hospital 2130 Provincial/regional hospital 2140 Urban hospital 2150 District/rural hospital 2151 District hospital 2152 Rural hospital 2160 University hospital 2170 Military hospital 2180 Day hospital 2200 Government health center 2210 Referral health center 2220 Community health center 2230 Urban health center 2240 Rural health center 2250 Integrated health center 2260 Family welfare center 2270 Primary health center 2280 Basic health center 2290 Sub-health center 2300 Government maternal and child health (MCH) center 2400 Government outreach 2410 Government health post 2411 Village health post 2420 Government mobile clinic 2430 Government health worker 2431 Community based distribution (CBD) 2500 Government dispensary 2600 Government family planning clinic 2900 Other public sector 2901 Health home 2902 Health station/clinic 2903 Health office 2904 Community clinic 3000 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR 3100 Private hospital/clinic 3110 Private hospital 3111 Referral/specialty hospital 3112 District hospital 3113 Medical college hospital 3120 Private clinic 3121 Clinic 3122 Polyclinic 3200 Private doctor 3300 Private health center 3400 Private nursing/maternity home 3500 Private outreach 3510 Private mobile clinic 3520 Private health worker 3521 Nurse 3600 Private family planninc clinic 3700 Private pharmacy/dispensary 3900 Other private medical sector 4000 NGO FACILITY 4100 NGO health facility 4110 Static clinic 4120 Red Cross facility 4200 Country-specific NGOs 4201 BLM 4202 CSI 4203 Egyptian family planning association (EFPA) 4900 Other NGO 5000 RELIGIOUS/MISSION 5100 Religious hospital/clinic 5110 Religious hospital 5111 Religious referral/specialty hospital 5112 Religious district hospital 5120 Religious clinic 5200 Religious health center/dispensary 5210 Religious health center 5220 Religious dispensary 5300 Religious health post 6000 OTHER 6100 En route to provider 6200 Outside 6300 Abroad 9995 Other 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) 5900 Other religious/mission Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: Prolonged labor 414. When (NAME) was born, did you have any of the following problems: A long labor, that is, regular contractions that lasted more than 12 hours? YES 1 NO 2 So much blood loss that you thought your life was in danger? YES 1 NO 2 A high fever accompanied by bad-smelling vaginal discharge? YES 1 NO 2 Convulsions not caused by fever? YES 1 NO 2 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELPRLONG_ALL (M30_x) indicates whether they experienced prolonged labor, such as regular contractions lasting more than 12 hours. DELPRLONG_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (DELPRLONG_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., DELPRLONG_02, DELPRLONG_03, DELPRLONG_04, DELPRLONG_05, and DELPRLONG_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If DELPRLONG_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then DELPRLONG_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. Some surveys, specified in the Comparability section, collected this information for the last-born child only. 1 DELPRLONG_ALL available Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: Prolonged labor (last birth) 414. When (NAME) was born, did you have any of the following problems: A long labor, that is, regular contractions that lasted more than 12 hours? YES 1 NO 2 So much blood loss that you thought your life was in danger? YES 1 NO 2 A high fever accompanied by bad-smelling vaginal discharge? YES 1 NO 2 Convulsions not caused by fever? YES 1 NO 2 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELPRLONG_01 (M30_1) indicates whether they experienced prolonged labor, such as regular contractions lasting more than 12 hours (for the last birth). 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: Prolonged labor (second to last birth) 414. When (NAME) was born, did you have any of the following problems: A long labor, that is, regular contractions that lasted more than 12 hours? YES 1 NO 2 So much blood loss that you thought your life was in danger? YES 1 NO 2 A high fever accompanied by bad-smelling vaginal discharge? YES 1 NO 2 Convulsions not caused by fever? YES 1 NO 2 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: Prolonged labor (third to last birth) 414. When (NAME) was born, did you have any of the following problems: A long labor, that is, regular contractions that lasted more than 12 hours? YES 1 NO 2 So much blood loss that you thought your life was in danger? YES 1 NO 2 A high fever accompanied by bad-smelling vaginal discharge? YES 1 NO 2 Convulsions not caused by fever? YES 1 NO 2 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: Prolonged labor (fourth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: Prolonged labor (fifth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: Prolonged labor (sixth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: Excessive bleeding 414. When (NAME) was born, did you have any of the following problems: A long labor, that is, regular contractions that lasted more than 12 hours? YES 1 NO 2 So much blood loss that you thought your life was in danger? YES 1 NO 2 A high fever accompanied by bad-smelling vaginal discharge? YES 1 NO 2 Convulsions not caused by fever? YES 1 NO 2 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELPROBLE_ALL (M31_x) indicates whether they experienced excessive bleeding (around the time of the birth). The definition of "excessive" bleeding was "so much that you feared that it threatened your life." DELPROBLE_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (DELPROBLE_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., DELPROBLE_02, DELPROBLE_03, DELPROBLE_04, DELPROBLE_05, and DELPROBLE_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If DELPROBLE_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then DELPROBLE_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. Some surveys, specified in the Comparability section, collected this information for the last-born child only. 1 DELPROBLE_ALL available Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: Excessive bleeding (last birth) 414. When (NAME) was born, did you have any of the following problems: A long labor, that is, regular contractions that lasted more than 12 hours? YES 1 NO 2 So much blood loss that you thought your life was in danger? YES 1 NO 2 A high fever accompanied by bad-smelling vaginal discharge? YES 1 NO 2 Convulsions not caused by fever? YES 1 NO 2 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELPROBLE_01 (M31_1) indicates whether they experienced excessive bleeding (around the time of the last birth). The definition of "excessive" bleeding was "so much that you feared that it threatened your life." 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 7 Don't know Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: Excessive bleeding (second to last birth) 414. When (NAME) was born, did you have any of the following problems: A long labor, that is, regular contractions that lasted more than 12 hours? YES 1 NO 2 So much blood loss that you thought your life was in danger? YES 1 NO 2 A high fever accompanied by bad-smelling vaginal discharge? YES 1 NO 2 Convulsions not caused by fever? YES 1 NO 2 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: Excessive bleeding (third to last birth) 414. When (NAME) was born, did you have any of the following problems: A long labor, that is, regular contractions that lasted more than 12 hours? YES 1 NO 2 So much blood loss that you thought your life was in danger? YES 1 NO 2 A high fever accompanied by bad-smelling vaginal discharge? YES 1 NO 2 Convulsions not caused by fever? YES 1 NO 2 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: Excessive bleeding (fourth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: Excessive bleeding (fifth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: Excessive bleeding (sixth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: High fever 414. When (NAME) was born, did you have any of the following problems: A long labor, that is, regular contractions that lasted more than 12 hours? YES 1 NO 2 So much blood loss that you thought your life was in danger? YES 1 NO 2 A high fever accompanied by bad-smelling vaginal discharge? YES 1 NO 2 Convulsions not caused by fever? YES 1 NO 2 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELPROBFEV_ALL (M32_x) indicates whether they experienced a high fever with bad smelling vaginal discharge (around the time of the birth). DELPROBFEV_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (DELPROBFEV_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., DELPROBFEV_02, DELPROBFEV_03, DELPROBFEV_04, DELPROBFEV_05, and DELPROBFEV_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If DELPROBFEV_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then DELPROBFEV_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. Some surveys, specified in the Comparability section, collected this information for the last-born child only. 1 DELPROBFEV_ALL available Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: High fever (last birth) 414. When (NAME) was born, did you have any of the following problems: A long labor, that is, regular contractions that lasted more than 12 hours? YES 1 NO 2 So much blood loss that you thought your life was in danger? YES 1 NO 2 A high fever accompanied by bad-smelling vaginal discharge? YES 1 NO 2 Convulsions not caused by fever? YES 1 NO 2 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELPROBFEV_01 (M32_1) indicates whether they experienced a high fever with bad smelling vaginal discharge (around the time of the last birth). 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 7 Don't know Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: High fever (second to last birth) 414. When (NAME) was born, did you have any of the following problems: A long labor, that is, regular contractions that lasted more than 12 hours? YES 1 NO 2 So much blood loss that you thought your life was in danger? YES 1 NO 2 A high fever accompanied by bad-smelling vaginal discharge? YES 1 NO 2 Convulsions not caused by fever? YES 1 NO 2 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: High fever (third to last birth) 414. When (NAME) was born, did you have any of the following problems: A long labor, that is, regular contractions that lasted more than 12 hours? YES 1 NO 2 So much blood loss that you thought your life was in danger? YES 1 NO 2 A high fever accompanied by bad-smelling vaginal discharge? YES 1 NO 2 Convulsions not caused by fever? YES 1 NO 2 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: High fever (fourth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: High fever (fifth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: High fever (sixth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: Convulsions 414. When (NAME) was born, did you have any of the following problems: A long labor, that is, regular contractions that lasted more than 12 hours? YES 1 NO 2 So much blood loss that you thought your life was in danger? YES 1 NO 2 A high fever accompanied by bad-smelling vaginal discharge? YES 1 NO 2 Convulsions not caused by fever? YES 1 NO 2 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELPROCON_ALL (M33_x) indicates whether they experienced "convulsions not caused by fever." DELPROCON_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (DELPROCON_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., DELPROCON_02, DELPROCON_03, DELPROCON_04, DELPROCON_05, and DELPROCON_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If DELPROCON_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then DELPROCON_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. Some surveys, specified in the Comparability section, collected this information for the last-born child only. 1 DELPROCON_ALL available Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: Convulsions (last birth) 414. When (NAME) was born, did you have any of the following problems: A long labor, that is, regular contractions that lasted more than 12 hours? YES 1 NO 2 So much blood loss that you thought your life was in danger? YES 1 NO 2 A high fever accompanied by bad-smelling vaginal discharge? YES 1 NO 2 Convulsions not caused by fever? YES 1 NO 2 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELPROCON_01 (M33_1) indicates whether they experienced "convulsions not caused by fever" (for the last birth). 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: Convulsions (second to last birth) 414. When (NAME) was born, did you have any of the following problems: A long labor, that is, regular contractions that lasted more than 12 hours? YES 1 NO 2 So much blood loss that you thought your life was in danger? YES 1 NO 2 A high fever accompanied by bad-smelling vaginal discharge? YES 1 NO 2 Convulsions not caused by fever? YES 1 NO 2 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: Convulsions (third to last birth) 414. When (NAME) was born, did you have any of the following problems: A long labor, that is, regular contractions that lasted more than 12 hours? YES 1 NO 2 So much blood loss that you thought your life was in danger? YES 1 NO 2 A high fever accompanied by bad-smelling vaginal discharge? YES 1 NO 2 Convulsions not caused by fever? YES 1 NO 2 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: Convulsions (fourth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: Convulsions (fifth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: Convulsions (sixth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Nurse gave delivery care (Madagascar) 413. Who assisted you with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE(S) OF PERSON(S) AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT D RELATIVE/FRIEND E OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ X NO ONE Y For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELMG1_ALL indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported a nurse gave delivery care for a recent birth. This response category is country-specific to Madagascar. DELMG1_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (DELMG1_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., DELMG1_02, DELMG1_03, DELMG1_04, DELMG1_05, and DELMG1_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If DELMG1_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. Some samples in the "DEL" series include multiple categories that can be consolidated into a single broad response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, while also preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. DELMG1_ALL is combined with DELMG2_ALL (midwife) for the 1992 and 1997 Madagascar samples to create the standard variable DELNURM_ALL. IPUMS-DHS users interested in using DELMG1_ALL are encouraged to review DELNURM_ALL for this more comprehensive response category. 1 DELMG1_ALL available Maternal delivery care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Nurse gave delivery care for last birth (Madagascar) 413. Who assisted you with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE(S) OF PERSON(S) AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT D RELATIVE/FRIEND E OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ X NO ONE Y For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELMG1_01 indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported a nurse gave delivery care (for the last birth). This response category is country-specific to Madagascar. Some samples in the "DEL" series include multiple categories that can be consolidated into a single broad response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, while also preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. DELMG1_01 is combined with DELMG2_01 (midwife) for the 1992 and 1997 Madagascar samples to create the standard variable DELNURM_01. IPUMS-DHS users interested in using DELMG1_01 are encouraged to review DELNURM_01 for this more comprehensive response category. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Nurse gave delivery care for second to last birth (Madagascar) 413. Who assisted you with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE(S) OF PERSON(S) AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT D RELATIVE/FRIEND E OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ X NO ONE Y 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Nurse gave delivery care for third to last birth (Madagascar) 413. Who assisted you with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE(S) OF PERSON(S) AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT D RELATIVE/FRIEND E OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ X NO ONE Y 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Nurse gave delivery care for fourth to last birth (Madagascar) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Nurse gave delivery care for fifth to last birth (Madagascar) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Midwife gave delivery care (Madagascar) 413. Who assisted you with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE(S) OF PERSON(S) AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT D RELATIVE/FRIEND E OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ X NO ONE Y For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELMG2_ALL indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported a midwife gave delivery care for a recent birth. This response category is country-specific to Madagascar. DELMG2_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (DELMG2_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., DELMG2_02, DELMG2_03, DELMG2_04, DELMG2_05, and DELMG2_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If DELMG2_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. Some samples in the "DEL" series include multiple categories that can be consolidated into a single broad response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, while also preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. DELMG2_ALL is combined with DELMG1_ALL (nurse) for the 1992 and 1997 Madagascar samples to create the standard variable DELNURM_ALL. IPUMS-DHS users interested in using DELMG2_ALL are encouraged to review DELNURM_ALL for this more comprehensive response category. 1 DELMG2_ALL available Maternal delivery care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Midwife gave delivery care for last birth (Madagascar) 413. Who assisted you with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE(S) OF PERSON(S) AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT D RELATIVE/FRIEND E OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ X NO ONE Y For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, DELMG2_01 indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported a midwife gave delivery care (for the last birth). This response category is country-specific to Madagascar. Some samples in the "DEL" series include multiple categories that can be consolidated into a single broad response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, while also preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. DELMG2_01 is combined with DELMG1_01 (nurse) for the 1992 and 1997 Madagascar samples to create the standard variable DELNURM_01. IPUMS-DHS users interested in using DELMG2_01 are encouraged to review DELNURM_01 for this more comprehensive response category. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Midwife gave delivery care for second to last birth (Madagascar) 413. Who assisted you with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE(S) OF PERSON(S) AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT D RELATIVE/FRIEND E OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ X NO ONE Y 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Midwife gave delivery care for third to last birth (Madagascar) 413. Who assisted you with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE(S) OF PERSON(S) AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT D RELATIVE/FRIEND E OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ X NO ONE Y 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Midwife gave delivery care for fourth to last birth (Madagascar) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Midwife gave delivery care for fifth to last birth (Madagascar) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Received prenatal care 407. Did you see anyone for antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT C OTHER (SPECIFY) ___________ X NO ONE Y (GO TO 410) For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANCARE_ALL indicates whether the woman received antenatal care. ANCARE_ALL variables are the inverse of the ANCARENONE_ALL (M2N_X) variables. ANCARE_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (ANCARE_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., ANCARE_02, ANCARE_03, ANCARE_04, ANCARE_05, and ANCARE_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If ANCARE_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. 1 ANCARE_ALL available Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Received prenatal care (last birth) 407. Did you see anyone for antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT C OTHER (SPECIFY) ___________ X NO ONE Y (GO TO 410) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Received prenatal care (second to last birth) 407. Did you see anyone for antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT C OTHER (SPECIFY) ___________ X NO ONE Y (GO TO 410) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Received prenatal care (third to last birth) 407. Did you see anyone for antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT C OTHER (SPECIFY) ___________ X NO ONE Y (GO TO 410) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Received prenatal care (fourth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Received prenatal care (fifth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Received prenatal care (sixth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Timing of first antenatal visit for the pregnancy: Months 408. How many months pregnant were you when you first received antenatal care for this pregnancy? MONTHS ____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years and saw someone for antenatal care (ANCARE_ALL), ANVISMO_ALL (M13_x) reports the timing of the first antenatal visit, in months from the start of the pregnancy. Women who did not see anyone for antenatal care during the pregnancy are coded 0. ANVISMO_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (ANVISMO_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., ANVISMO_02, ANVISMO_03, ANVISMO_04, ANVISMO_05, and ANVISMO_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If ANVISMO_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For many surveys, particularly those taken after 2000, this information was collected for only the most recent birth (ANVISMO_01) and, in some cases, the second-most-recent birth (ANVISMO_02). Surveys in which the data were collected for only the most recent birth(s) are noted in the comparability section. For other surveys, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period; exceptions in which data were collected on only the most recent birth(s) are noted in the comparability section. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then ANVISMO_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 ANVISMO_ALL available Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Timing of first antenatal visit for the pregnancy: Months (last birth) 408. How many months pregnant were you when you first received antenatal care for this pregnancy? MONTHS ____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 See ANVISMO_ALL. 00 Less than 1 month pregnant 01 1 month 02 2 months 03 3 months 04 4 months 05 5 months 06 6 months 07 7 months 08 8 months 09 9 months 10 10 months 11 11 months 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Timing of first antenatal visit for the pregnancy: Months (second to last birth) 408. How many months pregnant were you when you first received antenatal care for this pregnancy? MONTHS ____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 00 Less than 1 month pregnant 01 1 month 02 2 months 03 3 months 04 4 months 05 5 months 06 6 months 07 7 months 08 8 months 09 9 months 10 10 months 11 11 months 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Timing of first antenatal visit for the pregnancy: Months (third to last birth) 408. How many months pregnant were you when you first received antenatal care for this pregnancy? MONTHS ____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 00 Less than 1 month pregnant 01 1 month 02 2 months 03 3 months 04 4 months 05 5 months 06 6 months 07 7 months 08 8 months 09 9 months 10 10 months 11 11 months 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Timing of first antenatal visit for the pregnancy: Months (fourth to last birth) 00 Less than 1 month pregnant 01 1 month 02 2 months 03 3 months 04 4 months 05 5 months 06 6 months 07 7 months 08 8 months 09 9 months 10 10 months 11 11 months 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Timing of first antenatal visit for the pregnancy: Months (fifth to last birth) 00 Less than 1 month pregnant 01 1 month 02 2 months 03 3 months 04 4 months 05 5 months 06 6 months 07 7 months 08 8 months 09 9 months 10 10 months 11 11 months 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Timing of first antenatal visit for the pregnancy: Months (sixth to last birth) 00 Less than 1 month pregnant 01 1 month 02 2 months 03 3 months 04 4 months 05 5 months 06 6 months 07 7 months 08 8 months 09 9 months 10 10 months 11 11 months 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Number of antenatal visits during the pregnancy 409. How many times did you receive antenatal care during this pregnancy? NUMBER OF TIMES _____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANVISNO_ALL (M14_x) reports the number of antenatal visits. Women who did not see anyone for antenatal care during the pregnancy are coded 0. ANVISNO_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (ANVISNO_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., ANVISNO_02, ANVISNO_03, ANVISNO_04, ANVISNO_05, and ANVISNO_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If ANVISNO_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For many surveys, particularly those taken after 2000, this information was collected for only the most recent birth (ANVISNO_01) and, in some cases, the second-most-recent birth (ANVISNO_02). Surveys in which the data were collected for only the most recent birth are noted in the comparability section. For other surveys, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period; exceptions in which data were collected on only the most recent birth(s) are noted in the comparability section. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then ANVISNO_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 ANVISNO_ALL available Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Number of antenatal visits during the pregnancy (last birth) 409. How many times did you receive antenatal care during this pregnancy? NUMBER OF TIMES _____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 See ANVISNO_ALL. 90 90 89 89 88 88 87 87 86 86 84 84 85 85 83 83 81 81 82 82 79 79 80 80 78 78 77 77 76 76 74 74 75 75 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Number of antenatal visits during the pregnancy (second to last birth) 409. How many times did you receive antenatal care during this pregnancy? NUMBER OF TIMES _____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 83 84 84 85 85 86 86 87 87 88 88 89 89 90 90 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Number of antenatal visits during the pregnancy (third to last birth) 409. How many times did you receive antenatal care during this pregnancy? NUMBER OF TIMES _____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 83 84 84 85 85 86 86 87 87 88 88 89 89 90 90 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Number of antenatal visits during the pregnancy (fourth to last birth) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 83 84 84 85 85 86 86 87 87 88 88 89 89 90 90 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Number of antenatal visits during the pregnancy (fifth to last birth) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 83 84 84 85 85 86 86 87 87 88 88 89 89 90 90 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Number of antenatal visits during the pregnancy (sixth to last birth) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 83 84 84 85 85 86 86 87 87 88 88 89 89 90 90 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Topcoded number of antenatal visits 409. How many times did you receive antenatal care during this pregnancy? NUMBER OF TIMES _____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 For women who gave birth in the three to five years before the survey, ANVISNOTOP20_ALL reports the number of antenatal visits, topcoded at 20+ visits. Women who did not see anyone for antenatal care during the pregnancy are coded 0. The related variables for ANVISNO_ALL supply the same material without imposing a consistent topcode. ANVISNOTOP20_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (ANVISNOTOP20_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., ANVISNOTOP20_02, ANVISNOTOP20_03, ANVISNOTOP20_04, ANVISNOTOP20_05, and ANVISNOTOP20_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If ANVISNOTOP20_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For many surveys, particularly those taken after 2000, this information was collected for only the most recent birth (ANVISNOTOP20_01) and, in some cases, the second-most-recent birth (ANVISNOTOP20_02). Surveys in which the data were collected for only the most recent birth are noted in the comparability section. For other surveys, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period; exceptions in which data were collected on only the most recent birth(s) are noted in the comparability section. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then ANVISNOTOP20_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 ANVISNOTOP20_ALL available Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Number of antenatal visits during the pregnancy, topcoded at 20 (last birth) 409. How many times did you receive antenatal care during this pregnancy? NUMBER OF TIMES _____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 See ANVISNOTOP20_ALL. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20+ 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Topcoded number of antenatal visits (second to last birth) 409. How many times did you receive antenatal care during this pregnancy? NUMBER OF TIMES _____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20+ 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Topcoded number of antenatal visits (third to last birth) 409. How many times did you receive antenatal care during this pregnancy? NUMBER OF TIMES _____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20+ 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Topcoded number of antenatal visits (fourth to last birth) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20+ 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Topcoded number of antenatal visits (fifth to last birth) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20+ 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Topcoded number of antenatal visits (sixth to last birth) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20+ 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Doctor gave prenatal care 407. Did you see anyone for antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT C OTHER (SPECIFY) ___________ X NO ONE Y (GO TO 410) For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANCAREDOC_ALL (M2A_x) indicates whether a doctor gave antenatal care. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. ANCAREDOC_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (ANCAREDOC_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., ANCAREDOC_02, ANCAREDOC_03, ANCAREDOC_04, ANCAREDOC_05, and ANCAREDOC_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If ANCAREDOC_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For many surveys, particularly those taken after 2000, this information on prenatal care from a doctor was collected for only the most recent birth (ANCAREDOC_01) and, in some cases, the second-most-recent birth (ANCAREDOC_02). Surveys in which the data were collected for only the most recent births are noted in the comparability section. For other surveys, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period; exceptions in which data were collected on only the most recent birth(s) are noted in the comparability section. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then ANCAREDOC_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 ANCAREDOC_ALL available Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Doctor gave prenatal care (last birth) 407. Did you see anyone for antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT C OTHER (SPECIFY) ___________ X NO ONE Y (GO TO 410) For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANCAREDOC_01 (M2A_1) indicates whether a doctor gave antenatal care (for the last birth). Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Doctor gave prenatal care (second to last birth) 407. Did you see anyone for antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT C OTHER (SPECIFY) ___________ X NO ONE Y (GO TO 410) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Doctor gave prenatal care (third to last birth) 407. Did you see anyone for antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT C OTHER (SPECIFY) ___________ X NO ONE Y (GO TO 410) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Doctor gave prenatal care (fourth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Doctor gave prenatal care (fifth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Doctor gave prenatal care (sixth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Nurse/midwife gave prenatal care 407. Did you see anyone for antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT C OTHER (SPECIFY) ___________ X NO ONE Y (GO TO 410) For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANCARENURM_ALL (M2B_x) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported that a nurse or midwife (categories combined or not distinguished) gave antenatal care. ANCARENURM_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (ANCARENURM_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., ANCARENURM_02, ANCARENURM_03, ANCARENURM_04, ANCARENURM_05, and ANCARENURM_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If ANCARENURM_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For many surveys, particularly those taken after 2000, this information was collected for only the most recent birth (ANCARENURM_01) and, in a few cases, the second-most-recent birth (ANCARENURM_02). Surveys in which the data were collected for only the most recent births are noted in the comparability section. For other surveys, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period; exceptions in which data were collected on only the most recent birth(s) are noted in the comparability section. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then ANCARENURM_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. Some samples in the "ANCARE" series, such as ANCARENURM_ALL, include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include separate response categories for nurse and midwife that could be combined to create the more comprehensive response category in ANCARENURM_ALL. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories included in this variable for relevant samples. 1 ANCARENURM_ALL available Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Nurse/midwife gave prenatal care (last birth) 407. Did you see anyone for antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT C OTHER (SPECIFY) ___________ X NO ONE Y (GO TO 410) For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANCARENURM_01 (M2B_1) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported that a nurse or midwife (categories combined or not distinguished) gave antenatal care (for the last birth). Some samples in the "ANCARE" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include separate response categories for nurse and midwife that could be combined to create the more comprehensive response category in ANCARENURM. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories included in this variable for relevant samples. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Nurse/midwife gave prenatal care (second to last birth) 407. Did you see anyone for antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT C OTHER (SPECIFY) ___________ X NO ONE Y (GO TO 410) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (don't know) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Nurse/midwife gave prenatal care (third to last birth) 407. Did you see anyone for antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT C OTHER (SPECIFY) ___________ X NO ONE Y (GO TO 410) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (don't know) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Nurse/midwife gave prenatal care (fourth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (don't know) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Nurse/midwife gave prenatal care (fifth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (don't know) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Nurse/midwife gave prenatal care (sixth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (don't know) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Traditional birth attendant gave prenatal care 407. Did you see anyone for antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT C OTHER (SPECIFY) ___________ X NO ONE Y (GO TO 410) For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANCARETBA_ALL (M2G_x) indicates whether a traditional birth attendant gave antenatal care. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. ANCARETBA_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (ANCARETBA_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., ANCARETBA_02, ANCARETBA_03, ANCARETBA_04, ANCARETBA_05, and ANCARETBA_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If ANCARETBA_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For many surveys, particularly those taken after 2000, this information on prenatal care from a traditional birth attendant was collected for only the most recent birth (ANCARETBA_01) and, in some cases, the second-most-recent birth (ANCARETBA_02). Surveys in which the data were collected for only the most recent births are noted in the comparability section. For other surveys, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period; exceptions in which data were collected on only the most recent birth(s) are noted in the comparability section. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then ANCARETBA_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 ANCARETBA_ALL available Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Traditional birth attendant gave prenatal care (last birth) 407. Did you see anyone for antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT C OTHER (SPECIFY) ___________ X NO ONE Y (GO TO 410) For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANCARETBA_01 (M2G_1) indicates whether a traditional birth attendant gave antenatal care (for the last birth). Wording for this response category varied across samples. See Comparability. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Traditional birth attendant gave prenatal care (second to last birth) 407. Did you see anyone for antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT C OTHER (SPECIFY) ___________ X NO ONE Y (GO TO 410) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Traditional birth attendant gave prenatal care (third to last birth) 407. Did you see anyone for antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT C OTHER (SPECIFY) ___________ X NO ONE Y (GO TO 410) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Traditional birth attendant gave prenatal care (fourth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Traditional birth attendant gave prenatal care (fifth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Traditional birth attendant gave prenatal care (sixth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Other person gave prenatal care 407. Did you see anyone for antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT C OTHER (SPECIFY) ___________ X NO ONE Y (GO TO 410) For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANCAREOTH_ALL (M2K_x) indicates whether some other type of person gave antenatal care. The meaning of "other" depends on the types of providers of antenatal care specified in a given survey. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. ANCAREOTH_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (ANCAREOTH_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., ANCAREOTH_02, ANCAREOTH_03, ANCAREOTH_04, ANCAREOTH_05, and ANCAREOTH_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If ANCAREOTH_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For many surveys, particularly those taken after 2000, this information on prenatal care from some other person was collected for only the most recent birth (ANCAREOTH_01) and, in some cases, the second-most-recent birth (ANCAREOTH_02). Surveys in which the data were collected for only the most recent births are noted in the comparability section. For other surveys, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period; exceptions in which data were collected on only the most recent birth(s) are noted in the comparability section. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then ANCAREOTH_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 ANCAREOTH_ALL available Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Other person gave prenatal care (last birth) 407. Did you see anyone for antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT C OTHER (SPECIFY) ___________ X NO ONE Y (GO TO 410) For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANCAREOTH_01 (M2K_1) indicates whether some other person gave antenatal care (for the last birth). The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific categories included in a given sample. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Other person gave prenatal care (second to last birth) 407. Did you see anyone for antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT C OTHER (SPECIFY) ___________ X NO ONE Y (GO TO 410) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Other person gave prenatal care (third to last birth) 407. Did you see anyone for antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT C OTHER (SPECIFY) ___________ X NO ONE Y (GO TO 410) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Other person gave prenatal care (fourth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Other person gave prenatal care (fifth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Other person gave prenatal care (sixth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Received no prenatal care 407. Did you see anyone for antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT C OTHER (SPECIFY) ___________ X NO ONE Y (GO TO 410) For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANCARENONE_ALL (M2N_x) indicates whether no one gave antenatal care. The structure of the question varied across samples. See Comparability. ANCARENONE_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (ANCARENONE_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., ANCARENONE_02, ANCARENONE_03, ANCARENONE_04, ANCARENONE_05, and ANCAaRENONE_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If ANCARENONE_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For many surveys, particularly those taken after 2000, this information was collected for only the most recent birth (ANCARENONE_01) and, in some cases, the second-most-recent birth (ANCARENONE_02). Surveys in which the data were collected for only the most recent birth are noted in the comparability section. For other surveys, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period; exceptions in which data were collected on only the most recent birth(s) are noted in the comparability section. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then ANCARENONE_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 ANCARENONE_ALL available Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Received no prenatal care (last birth) 407. Did you see anyone for antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT C OTHER (SPECIFY) ___________ X NO ONE Y (GO TO 410) For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANCARENONE_01 (M2N_1) indicates whether no one gave antenatal care (for the last birth). The structure of the question varied across samples. See Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Received no prenatal care (second to last birth) 407. Did you see anyone for antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT C OTHER (SPECIFY) ___________ X NO ONE Y (GO TO 410) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Received no prenatal care (third to last birth) 407. Did you see anyone for antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT C OTHER (SPECIFY) ___________ X NO ONE Y (GO TO 410) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Received no prenatal care (fourth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Received no prenatal care (fifth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Received no prenatal care (sixth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Tetanus injection before birth 410. During this pregnancy, were you given an injection in the arm to prevent the baby from getting tetanus, that is, convulsions after birth? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 412) DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 412) For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANTETNUS_ALL indicates whether tetanus (toxicoid) injections were given during the pregnancy to avoid convulsions after birth. ANTETNUS_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (ANTETNUS_01) up to, potentially, the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., ANTETNUS_02, ANTETNUS_03, ANTETNUS_04, ANTETNUS_05, and ANTETNUS_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If ANTETNUS_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For many surveys, particularly those taken after 2000, this information on receipt of tetanus injections during pregnancy was collected for only the most recent birth (ANTETNUS_01) and, in some cases, the second-most-recent birth (ANTETNUS_02). Surveys in which the data were collected for only the most recent births are noted in the comparability section. For other surveys, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period; exceptions in which data were collected on only the most recent birth(s) are noted in the comparability section. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then ANTETNUS_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 ANTETNUS_ALL available Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Tetanus injection before birth (last birth) 410. During this pregnancy, were you given an injection in the arm to prevent the baby from getting tetanus, that is, convulsions after birth? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 412) DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 412) For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANTETNUS_01 indicates whether tetanus (toxicoid) injections were given during the pregnancy to avoid convulsions after birth (for the last birth). 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Tetanus injection before birth (second to last birth) 410. During this pregnancy, were you given an injection in the arm to prevent the baby from getting tetanus, that is, convulsions after birth? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 412) DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 412) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Tetanus injection before birth (third to last birth) 410. During this pregnancy, were you given an injection in the arm to prevent the baby from getting tetanus, that is, convulsions after birth? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 412) DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 412) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Tetanus injection before birth (fourth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Tetanus injection before birth (fifth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Tetanus injection before birth (sixth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Number of tetanus injections during pregnancy 410. During this pregnancy, were you given an injection in the arm to prevent the baby from getting tetanus, that is, convulsions after birth? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 412) DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 412) For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANTETNUSNO_ALL (M1_x) indicates whether, and how many, tetanus (toxicoid) injections were given during the pregnancy to avoid convulsions after birth (for the last birth). For a similar variable that only reports whether a tetanus injection was received, see ANTETNUS_ALL. ANTETNUSNO_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (ANTETNUSNO_01) up to, potentially, the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., ANTETNUSNO_02, ANTETNUSNO_03, ANTETNUSNO_04, ANTETNUSNO_05, and ANTETNUSNO_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If ANTETNUSNO_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For many surveys, particularly those taken after 2000, this information was collected for only the most recent birth (ANTETNUSNO_01) and, in some cases, the second-most-recent birth (ANTETNUSNO_02). Surveys in which the data were collected for only the most recent births are noted in the comparability section. For other surveys, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period; exceptions in which data were collected on only the most recent birth(s) are noted in the comparability section. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then ANTETNUSNO_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 ANTETNUSNO_ALL available Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Number of tetanus injections before birth (last birth) 410. During this pregnancy, were you given an injection in the arm to prevent the baby from getting tetanus, that is, convulsions after birth? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 412) DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 412) See ANTETNUSNO_ALL. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7+ 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Number of tetanus injections during pregnancy (second to last birth) 410. During this pregnancy, were you given an injection in the arm to prevent the baby from getting tetanus, that is, convulsions after birth? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 412) DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 412) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7+ 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Number of tetanus injections during pregnancy (third to last birth) 410. During this pregnancy, were you given an injection in the arm to prevent the baby from getting tetanus, that is, convulsions after birth? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 412) DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 412) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7+ 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Number of tetanus injections during pregnancy (fourth to last birth) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7+ 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Number of tetanus injections during pregnancy (fifth to last birth) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7+ 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Number of tetanus injections during pregnancy (sixth to last birth) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7+ 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Nurse gave prenatal care (Madagascar) For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANCAREMG1_ALL indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported that a nurse gave antenatal care for a birth. This response category is country-specific to Madagascar. ANCAREMG1_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (ANCAREMG1_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., ANCAREMG1_02, ANCAREMG1_03, ANCAREMG1_04, ANCAREMG1_05, and ANCAREMG1_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If ANCAREMG1_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. Some samples in the "ANCARE" series include multiple categories that can be consolidated into a single broad response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, while also preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. ANCAREMG1_ALL is combined with ANCAREMG2_ALL (midwife) for the 1992 and 1997 Madagascar samples to make the standard variable ANCARENURM_ALL). IPUMS-DHS users interested in using ANCAREMG1_ALL are encouraged to review ANCARENURM_ALL for this more comprehensive response category. 1 ANCAREMG1_ALL available Maternal antenatal care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Nurse gave prenatal care for last birth (Madagascar) 407. Did you see anyone for antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT C OTHER (SPECIFY) ___________ X NO ONE Y (GO TO 410) For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANCAREMG1_01 indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported that a nurse gave antenatal care (for the last birth). This response category is country-specific to Madagascar. Some samples in the "ANCARE" series include multiple categories that can be consolidated into a single broad response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, while also preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. ANCAREMG1_01 is combined with ANCAREMG2_01 (midwife) for the 1992 and 1997 Madagascar samples to make the standard variable ANCARENURM_01). IPUMS-DHS users interested in using ANCAREMG1_01 are encouraged to review ANCARENURM_01 for this more comprehensive response category. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Nurse gave prenatal care for second to last birth (Madagascar) 407. Did you see anyone for antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT C OTHER (SPECIFY) ___________ X NO ONE Y (GO TO 410) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Nurse gave prenatal care for third to last birth (Madagascar) 407. Did you see anyone for antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT C OTHER (SPECIFY) ___________ X NO ONE Y (GO TO 410) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Nurse gave prenatal care for fourth to last birth (Madagascar) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Nurse gave prenatal care for fifth to last birth (Madagascar) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Midwife gave prenatal care (Madagascar) For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANCAREMG2_ALL indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported that a midwife gave antenatal care for a birth. This response category is country-specific to Madagascar. ANCAREMG2_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (ANCAREMG2_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., ANCAREMG2_02, ANCAREMG2_03, ANCAREMG2_04, ANCAREMG2_05, and ANCAREMG2_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If ANCAREMG2_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. Some samples in the "ANCARE" series include multiple categories that can be consolidated into a single broad response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, while also preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. ANCAREMG2_ALL is combined with ANCAREMG1_ALL (nurse) for the 1992 and 1997 Madagascar samples to create the standard variable ANCARENURM_ALL. IPUMS-DHS users interested in using ANCAREMG2_ALL are encouraged to review ANCARENURM_ALL for this more comprehensive response category. 1 ANCAREMG2_ALL available Maternal antenatal care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Midwife gave prenatal care for last birth (Madagascar) 407. Did you see anyone for antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT C OTHER (SPECIFY) ___________ X NO ONE Y (GO TO 410) For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, ANCAREMG2_01 indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported that a midwife gave antenatal care (for the last birth). This response category is country-specific to Madagascar. Some samples in the "ANCARE" series include multiple categories that can be consolidated into a single broad response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, while also preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. ANCAREMG2_01 is combined with ANCAREMG1_01 (nurse) for the 1992 and 1997 Madagascar samples to create the standard variable ANCARENURM_01. IPUMS-DHS users interested in using ANCAREMG2_01 are encouraged to review ANCARENURM_01 for this more comprehensive response category. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Midwife gave prenatal care for second to last birth (Madagascar) 407. Did you see anyone for antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT C OTHER (SPECIFY) ___________ X NO ONE Y (GO TO 410) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Midwife gave prenatal care for third to last birth (Madagascar) 407. Did you see anyone for antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT C OTHER (SPECIFY) ___________ X NO ONE Y (GO TO 410) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Midwife gave prenatal care for fourth to last birth (Madagascar) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Midwife gave prenatal care for fifth to last birth (Madagascar) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal antenatal care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Woman currently postpartum amenorrheic 420. Did your period come back between the birth of (NAME) and your next birth? [ASK FOR ALL BUT MOST RECENT BIRTH] YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 424) PPAMENNOW (V405) reports whether the woman is currently postpartum amenorrheic. This variable is created from the maternity history by checking if menstruation resumed after birth. Women who are currently pregnant (irrespective of whether the woman's period returned after her last birth) and women who did not have births in the last three to five years are automatically reported as not currently amenorrheic, and coded "No" (code 0). When children or births are the unit of analysis, this variable describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all children of the mother to be coded the same way. 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Woman currently postpartum abstaining 423. Have you begun to have sexual intercourse again since the birth of (NAME)? [ONLY ASK FOR MOST RECENT BIRTH] YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 425) PPABSTAINNOW (V406) reports whether the woman is currently postpartum abstaining from sex. This variable is created from the maternity history by checking if the respondent has resumed sexual relations since her last birth. Women who did not have births in the last three to five years are automatically reported as not currently abstaining, and coded "No" (code 0). When children or births are the unit of analysis, this variable describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all children of the mother to be coded the same way. 0 No 1 Yes General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number Now I would like to record the names of all your births, whether still alive or not, starting with the first one you had. 211. RECORD NAMES OF ALL THE BIRTHS IN 212. RECORD TWINS ON SEPARATE LINES. BIDX_ALL reports the index number of the child in the mother's birth history, from 1 to n, where the nth birth is the mother's first birth, and 1 is the most recently born child. Up to 20 births could be reported by a woman. After saying "Now I would like to record the names of all your births, whether still alive or not, starting with the first one you had," the interviewer recorded each child's name in turn on successively numbered lines printed in the "Reproduction" section of the individual woman's questionnaire. When women are the unit of analysis, all of their children's characteristics are reported using the index number of the birth history. For example, variables ending with "_01" always refer to the most recent birth. This means that BIDX_01 will always equal "1," BIDX_02 will always equal "2," and so on. Combined with CASEID, BIDX_ALL uniquely identifies births within a sample. Combined with IDHSPID, BIDX_ALL uniquely identifies births across samples. Using these variables, data users can link IPUMS-DHS data to original DHS child-level (KR) and birth-level (BR) datasets. BIDX_ALL consists of a set of twenty separate variables, covering the most recent birth (BIDX_01) up to the twentieth-most-recent birth (BIDX_20) for a female respondent of childbearing age. If BIDX_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. Information for this variable was collected on all births for a woman, up to a maximum of twenty. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to twenty births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 19 or 20 births). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 20 births and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then BIDX_20 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 BIDX_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (last-born child) Now I would like to record the names of all your births, whether still alive or not, starting with the first one you had. 211. RECORD NAMES OF ALL THE BIRTHS IN 212. RECORD TWINS ON SEPARATE LINES. 01 1 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (second-to-last-born child) Now I would like to record the names of all your births, whether still alive or not, starting with the first one you had. 211. RECORD NAMES OF ALL THE BIRTHS IN 212. RECORD TWINS ON SEPARATE LINES. 02 2 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (third-to-last-born child) Now I would like to record the names of all your births, whether still alive or not, starting with the first one you had. 211. RECORD NAMES OF ALL THE BIRTHS IN 212. RECORD TWINS ON SEPARATE LINES. 03 3 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (fourth-to-last-born child) Now I would like to record the names of all your births, whether still alive or not, starting with the first one you had. 211. RECORD NAMES OF ALL THE BIRTHS IN 212. RECORD TWINS ON SEPARATE LINES. 04 4 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (fifth-to-last-born child) Now I would like to record the names of all your births, whether still alive or not, starting with the first one you had. 211. RECORD NAMES OF ALL THE BIRTHS IN 212. RECORD TWINS ON SEPARATE LINES. 05 5 99 NIU (not in universe General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (sixth-to-last-born child) Now I would like to record the names of all your births, whether still alive or not, starting with the first one you had. 211. RECORD NAMES OF ALL THE BIRTHS IN 212. RECORD TWINS ON SEPARATE LINES. 06 6 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (seventh-to-last-born child) Now I would like to record the names of all your births, whether still alive or not, starting with the first one you had. 211. RECORD NAMES OF ALL THE BIRTHS IN 212. RECORD TWINS ON SEPARATE LINES. 07 7 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (eighth-to-last-born child) Now I would like to record the names of all your births, whether still alive or not, starting with the first one you had. 211. RECORD NAMES OF ALL THE BIRTHS IN 212. RECORD TWINS ON SEPARATE LINES. 08 8 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (ninth-to-last-born child) Now I would like to record the names of all your births, whether still alive or not, starting with the first one you had. 211. RECORD NAMES OF ALL THE BIRTHS IN 212. RECORD TWINS ON SEPARATE LINES. 09 9 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (tenth-to-last-born child) Now I would like to record the names of all your births, whether still alive or not, starting with the first one you had. 211. RECORD NAMES OF ALL THE BIRTHS IN 212. RECORD TWINS ON SEPARATE LINES. 10 10 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (eleventh-to-last-born child) Now I would like to record the names of all your births, whether still alive or not, starting with the first one you had. 211. RECORD NAMES OF ALL THE BIRTHS IN 212. RECORD TWINS ON SEPARATE LINES. 11 11 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (twelfth-to-last-born child) Now I would like to record the names of all your births, whether still alive or not, starting with the first one you had. 211. RECORD NAMES OF ALL THE BIRTHS IN 212. RECORD TWINS ON SEPARATE LINES. 12 12 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (thirteenth-to-last-born child) Now I would like to record the names of all your births, whether still alive or not, starting with the first one you had. 211. RECORD NAMES OF ALL THE BIRTHS IN 212. RECORD TWINS ON SEPARATE LINES. 13 13 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (fourteenth-to-last-born child) Now I would like to record the names of all your births, whether still alive or not, starting with the first one you had. 211. RECORD NAMES OF ALL THE BIRTHS IN 212. RECORD TWINS ON SEPARATE LINES. 14 14 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (fifteenth-to-last-born child) Now I would like to record the names of all your births, whether still alive or not, starting with the first one you had. 211. RECORD NAMES OF ALL THE BIRTHS IN 212. RECORD TWINS ON SEPARATE LINES. 15 15 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (sixteenth-to-last-born child) Now I would like to record the names of all your births, whether still alive or not, starting with the first one you had. 211. RECORD NAMES OF ALL THE BIRTHS IN 212. RECORD TWINS ON SEPARATE LINES. 16 16 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (seventeenth-to-last-born child) Now I would like to record the names of all your births, whether still alive or not, starting with the first one you had. 211. RECORD NAMES OF ALL THE BIRTHS IN 212. RECORD TWINS ON SEPARATE LINES. 17 17 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (eighteenth-to-last-born child) Now I would like to record the names of all your births, whether still alive or not, starting with the first one you had. 211. RECORD NAMES OF ALL THE BIRTHS IN 212. RECORD TWINS ON SEPARATE LINES. 18 18 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (nineteenth-to-last-born child) Now I would like to record the names of all your births, whether still alive or not, starting with the first one you had. 211. RECORD NAMES OF ALL THE BIRTHS IN 212. RECORD TWINS ON SEPARATE LINES. 19 19 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birth index history number (twentieth-to-last-born child) Now I would like to record the names of all your births, whether still alive or not, starting with the first one you had. 211. RECORD NAMES OF ALL THE BIRTHS IN 212. RECORD TWINS ON SEPARATE LINES. 20 20 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ KIDBORD_ALL (BORD_x) reports the birth order in which the child was born, from 1 to n, where 1 equals the first child born to a mother, and the nth birth is the most recently born child. Up to 20 births could be reported by a woman. KIDBORD_ALL consists of a set of twenty separate variables, covering the most recent birth (KIDBORD_01) up to the twentieth-most-recent birth (KIDBORD_20) for a female respondent of childbearing age. If KIDBORD_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. Information for this variable was collected on all births for a woman, up to a maximum of twenty births. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to twenty births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 19 or 20 births). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 20 births and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then KIDBORD_20 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 KIDBORD_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (second-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (third-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (fourth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (fifth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (sixth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (seventh-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (eighth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (ninth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (tenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (eleventh-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (twelfth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (thirteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (fourteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (fifteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (sixteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (seventeenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (eighteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (nineteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 1 02 2 03 3 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number (twentieth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 1 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth 213. Was (NAME) a single birth or part of a multiple birth? SING 1 MULT 2 KIDTWIN_ALL (B0_x) reports whether the child is a twin (or born in a multiple birth) or is a singleton (single) birth. KIDTWIN_ALL consists of a set of twenty separate variables, covering the most recent birth (KIDTWIN_01) up to the twentieth-most-recent birth (KIDTWIN_20) for a female respondent of childbearing age. If KIDTWIN_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. Information for this variable was collected on all births for a woman, up to a maximum of twenty. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to twenty births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 19 or 20 births). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 20 births and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then KIDTWIN_20 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 KIDTWIN_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (last-born child) 213. Was (NAME) a single birth or part of a multiple birth? SING 1 MULT 2 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (second-to-last-born child) 213. Was (NAME) a single birth or part of a multiple birth? SING 1 MULT 2 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (third-to-last-born child) 213. Was (NAME) a single birth or part of a multiple birth? SING 1 MULT 2 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (fourth-to-last-born child) 213. Was (NAME) a single birth or part of a multiple birth? SING 1 MULT 2 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (fifth-to-last-born child) 213. Was (NAME) a single birth or part of a multiple birth? SING 1 MULT 2 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (sixth-to-last-born child) 213. Was (NAME) a single birth or part of a multiple birth? SING 1 MULT 2 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (seventh-to-last-born child) 213. Was (NAME) a single birth or part of a multiple birth? SING 1 MULT 2 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (eighth-to-last-born child) 213. Was (NAME) a single birth or part of a multiple birth? SING 1 MULT 2 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (ninth-to-last-born child) 213. Was (NAME) a single birth or part of a multiple birth? SING 1 MULT 2 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (tenth-to-last-born child) 213. Was (NAME) a single birth or part of a multiple birth? SING 1 MULT 2 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (eleventh-to-last-born child) 213. Was (NAME) a single birth or part of a multiple birth? SING 1 MULT 2 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (twelfth-to-last-born child) 213. Was (NAME) a single birth or part of a multiple birth? SING 1 MULT 2 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (thirteenth-to-last-born child) 213. Was (NAME) a single birth or part of a multiple birth? SING 1 MULT 2 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (fourteenth-to-last-born child) 213. Was (NAME) a single birth or part of a multiple birth? SING 1 MULT 2 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (fifteenth-to-last-born child) 213. Was (NAME) a single birth or part of a multiple birth? SING 1 MULT 2 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (sixteenth-to-last-born child) 213. Was (NAME) a single birth or part of a multiple birth? SING 1 MULT 2 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (seventeenth-to-last-born child) 213. Was (NAME) a single birth or part of a multiple birth? SING 1 MULT 2 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (eighteenth-to-last-born child) 213. Was (NAME) a single birth or part of a multiple birth? SING 1 MULT 2 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (nineteenth-to-last-born child) 213. Was (NAME) a single birth or part of a multiple birth? SING 1 MULT 2 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is a twin or single birth (twentieth-to-last-born child) 213. Was (NAME) a single birth or part of a multiple birth? SING 1 MULT 2 00 Single birth 10 Twin or multiple 11 1st of multiple births 12 2nd of multiple births 13 3rd of multiple births 14 4th of multiple births 15 5th of multiple births 16 6th of multiple births 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ KIDBIRTHMO_ALL (B1_x) reports the child's month of birth, according to the Gregorian calendar. KIDBIRTHMO_ALL consists of a set of twenty separate variables, covering the most recent birth (KIDBIRTHMO_01) up to the twentieth-most-recent birth (KIDBIRTHMO_20) for a female respondent of childbearing age. If KIDBIRTHMO_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. Information for this variable was collected on all births for a woman, up to a maximum of twenty births. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to twenty births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 19 or 20 births). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 20 births and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then KIDBIRTHMO_20 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 KIDBIRTHMO_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (second-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (third-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (fourth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (fifth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (sixth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (seventh-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (eighth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (ninth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (tenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (eleventh-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (twelfth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (thirteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (fourteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (fifteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (sixteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (seventeenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (eighteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (nineteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth (twentieth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ KIDBIRTHYR_ALL (B2_x) reports the child's year of birth, according to the Gregorian calendar. KIDBIRTHYR_ALL consists of a set of twenty separate variables, covering the most recent birth (KIDBIRTHYR_01) up to the twentieth-most-recent birth (KIDBIRTHYR_20) for a female respondent of childbearing age. If KIDBIRTHYR_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. Information for this variable was collected on all births for a woman, up to a maximum of twenty births. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to twenty births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 19 or 20 births). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 20 births and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then KIDBIRTHYR_20 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 KIDBIRTHYR_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 2017 2017 2018 2018 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (second-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 2017 2017 2018 2018 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (third-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 2017 2017 2018 2018 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (fourth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 1950 1950 1951 1951 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 2017 2017 2018 2018 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (fifth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (sixth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 1951 1951 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (seventh-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 1950 1950 1951 1951 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (eighth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 1950 1950 1951 1951 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (ninth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 1949 1949 1950 1950 1951 1951 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (tenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 1948 1948 1949 1949 1950 1950 1951 1951 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (eleventh-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 1950 1950 1951 1951 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (twelfth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (thirteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 1949 1949 1950 1950 1951 1951 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (fourteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (fifteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (sixteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (seventeenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (eighteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (nineteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 1951 1951 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth (twentieth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 1950 1950 1951 1951 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) KIDDOBCMC_ALL (B3_x) reports the century month code for the date of birth of the child. KIDDOBCMC_ALL consists of a set of twenty separate variables, covering the most recent birth (KIDDOBCMC_01) up to the twentieth-most-recent birth (KIDDOBCMC_20) for a female respondent of childbearing age. If KIDDOBCMC_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. Information for this variable was collected on all births for a woman, up to a maximum of twenty. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to twenty births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 19 or 20 births). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 20 births and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then KIDDOBCMC_20 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 KIDDOBCMC_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (second-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (third-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (fourth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (fifth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (sixth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (seventh-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (eighth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (ninth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (tenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (eleventh-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (twelfth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (thirteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (fourteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (fifteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (sixteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (seventeenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (eighteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (nineteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) (twentieth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 KIDSEX _ALL (B4_x) reports the sex of each birth reported by women of childbearing age. KIDSEX_ALL consists of a set of twenty separate variables, covering the most recent birth (KIDSEX_01) up to the twentieth-most-recent birth (KIDSEX_20) for a female respondent of childbearing age. If KIDSEX_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births for a woman, up to a maximum of twenty. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to twenty births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 19 or 20 births). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 20 births and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then KIDSEX_20 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 KIDSEX_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (most recent birth) 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (second most recent birth) 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (third most recent birth) 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (fourth most recent birth) 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (fifth most recent birth) 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (sixth most recent birth) 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (seventh most recent birth) 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (eighth most recent birth) 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (ninth most recent birth) 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (tenth most recent birth) 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (eleventh most recent birth) 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (twelfth most recent birth) 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (thirteenth most recent birth) 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (fourteenth most recent birth) 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (fifteenth most recent birth) 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (sixteenth most recent birth) 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (seventeenth most recent birth) 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (eighteenth most recent birth) 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (nineteenth most recent birth) 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child (twentieth most recent birth) 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 1 Male 2 Female 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 219) KIDALIVE _ALL (B5_x) indicates whether each birth reported by a woman of childbearing age is alive. KIDALIVE_ALL consists of a set of twenty separate variables, covering the most recent birth (KIDALIVE_01) up to the twentieth-most-recent birth (KIDALIVE_20) for a female respondent of childbearing age. If KIDALIVE_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births for a woman, up to a maximum of twenty. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to twenty births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 19 or 20 births). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 20 births and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then KIDALIVE_20 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 KIDALIVE_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (most recent birth) 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 219) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (second most recent birth) 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 219) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (third most recent birth) 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 219) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (fourth most recent birth) 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 219) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (fifth most recent birth) 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 219) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (sixth recent birth) 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 219) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (seventh recent birth) 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 219) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (eighth recent birth) 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 219) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (ninth recent birth) 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 219) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (tenth recent birth) 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 219) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (eleventh recent birth) 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 219) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (twelfth recent birth) 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 219) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (thirteenth recent birth) 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 219) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (fourteenth recent birth) 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 219) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (fifteenth recent birth) 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 219) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (sixteenth recent birth) 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 219) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (seventeenth recent birth) 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 219) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (eighteenth recent birth) 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 219) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (nineteenth recent birth) 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 219) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive (twentieth recent birth) 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 219) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) 219. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 _____ MONTHS 2 _____ YEARS 3 _____ KIDAGEDEATH_ALL (B6_x) reports the age of the deceased child at death. The first digit of the codes indicates the time unit: 100: Days 200: Months 300: Years KIDAGEDEATH_ALL consists of a set of twenty separate variables, covering the most recent birth (KIDAGEDEATH_01) up to the twentieth-most-recent birth (KIDAGEDEATH_20) for a female respondent of childbearing age. If KIDAGEDEATH_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. Information for this variable was collected on all births for a woman, up to a maximum of twenty births. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to twenty births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 19 or 20 births). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 20 births and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then KIDAGEDEATH_20 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 KIDAGEDEATH_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (last-born child) 219. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 _____ MONTHS 2 _____ YEARS 3 _____ See KIDAGEDEATH_ALL. 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 131 31 days 132 32 days 133 33 days 134 34 days 135 35 days 136 36 days 137 37 days 138 38 days 139 39 days 140 40 days 198 Days: Don't know 199 Days: Number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 224 24 months 225 25 months 226 26 months 227 27 months 228 28 months 229 29 months 230 30 months 231 31 months 232 32 months 233 33 months 234 34 months 235 35 months 236 36 months 237 37 months 238 38 months 239 39 months 240 40 months 241 41 months 242 42 months 243 43 months 244 44 months 245 45 months 246 46 months 247 47 months 248 48 months 249 49 months 250 50 months 251 51 months 252 52 months 253 53 months 254 54 months 255 55 months 256 56 months 297 Months: Inconsistant 298 Months: Don't know 299 Months: Number missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 331 31 years 332 32 years 333 33 years 334 34 years 335 35 years 336 36 years 397 Years: Inconsistent 398 Years: Don't know 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistant 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (second-to-last-born child) 219. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 _____ MONTHS 2 _____ YEARS 3 _____ 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 131 31 days 132 32 days 133 33 days 134 34 days 135 35 days 136 36 days 137 37 days 138 38 days 139 39 days 140 40 days 141 41 days 142 42 days 143 43 days 144 44 days 145 45 days 198 Days: Don't know 199 Days: Number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 224 24 months 225 25 months 226 26 months 227 27 months 228 28 months 229 29 months 230 30 months 231 31 months 232 32 months 233 33 months 234 34 months 235 35 months 236 36 months 237 37 months 238 38 months 239 39 months 240 40 months 241 41 months 242 42 months 243 43 months 244 44 months 245 45 months 246 46 months 247 47 months 248 48 months 249 49 months 250 50 months 251 51 months 252 52 months 253 53 months 254 54 months 255 55 months 256 56 months 257 57 months 258 58 months 259 59 months 297 Months: Inconsistant 298 Months: Don't know 299 Months: Number missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 331 31 years 332 32 years 333 33 years 334 34 years 335 35 years 336 36 years 337 37 years 338 38 years 339 39 years 340 40 years 397 Years: Inconsistant 398 Years: Don't know 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistant 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (third-to-last-born child) 219. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 _____ MONTHS 2 _____ YEARS 3 _____ 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 131 31 days 132 32 days 133 33 days 134 34 days 135 35 days 136 36 days 137 37 days 138 38 days 139 39 days 140 40 days 198 Days: Don't know 199 Days: Number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 224 24 months 225 25 months 226 26 months 227 27 months 228 28 months 229 29 months 230 30 months 231 31 months 232 32 months 233 33 months 234 34 months 235 35 months 236 36 months 237 37 months 238 38 months 239 39 months 240 40 months 241 41 months 242 42 months 243 43 months 244 44 months 245 45 months 246 46 months 247 47 months 248 48 months 249 49 months 250 50 months 251 51 months 252 52 months 253 53 months 254 54 months 255 55 months 256 56 months 297 Months: Inconsistant 298 Months: Don't know 299 Months: Number missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 331 31 years 332 32 years 333 33 years 334 34 years 335 35 years 336 36 years 337 37 years 338 38 years 397 Years: Inconsistant 398 Years: Don't know 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistant 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (fourth-to-last-born child) 219. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 _____ MONTHS 2 _____ YEARS 3 _____ 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 131 31 days 132 32 days 133 33 days 134 34 days 135 35 days 136 36 days 137 37 days 138 38 days 139 39 days 140 40 days 141 41 days 197 Days: Inconsistant 198 Days: Don't know 199 Days: number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 224 24 months 225 25 months 226 26 months 227 27 months 228 28 months 229 29 months 230 30 months 231 31 months 232 32 months 233 33 months 234 34 months 235 35 months 236 36 months 237 37 months 238 38 months 239 39 months 240 40 months 241 41 months 242 42 months 243 43 months 244 44 months 245 45 months 246 46 months 247 47 months 248 48 months 249 49 months 250 50 months 251 51 months 252 52 months 253 53 months 254 54 months 255 55 months 256 56 months 257 57 months 258 58 months 259 59 months 298 Months: Don't know 299 Months: number missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 331 31 years 332 32 years 333 33 years 334 34 years 335 35 years 336 36 years 397 Years: Inconsistant 398 Years: Don't know 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistant 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (fifth-to-last-born child) 219. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 _____ MONTHS 2 _____ YEARS 3 _____ 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 131 31 days 132 32 days 133 33 days 134 34 days 135 35 days 136 36 days 137 37 days 138 38 days 139 39 days 140 40 days 197 Days: Inconsistant 198 Days: Don't know 199 Days: Number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 224 24 months 225 25 months 226 26 months 227 27 months 228 28 months 229 29 months 230 30 months 231 31 months 232 32 months 233 33 months 234 34 months 235 35 months 236 36 months 237 37 months 238 38 months 239 39 months 240 40 months 241 41 months 242 42 months 243 43 months 244 44 months 245 45 months 246 46 months 247 47 months 248 48 months 249 49 months 250 50 months 251 51 months 252 52 months 253 53 months 254 54 months 255 55 months 256 56 months 257 57 months 258 58 months 297 Months: Inconsistant 298 Months: Don't know 299 Months: Missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 331 31 years 332 32 years 333 33 years 334 34 years 335 35 years 397 Years: Inconsistent 398 Years: Don't know 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (sixth-to-last-born child) 219. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 _____ MONTHS 2 _____ YEARS 3 _____ 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 131 31 days 132 32 days 133 33 days 134 34 days 135 35 days 136 36 days 137 37 days 138 38 days 139 39 days 140 40 days 198 Days: Don't know 199 Days: Number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 224 24 months 225 25 months 226 26 months 227 27 months 228 28 months 229 29 months 230 30 months 231 31 months 232 32 months 233 33 months 234 34 months 235 35 months 236 36 months 237 37 months 238 38 months 239 39 months 240 40 months 241 41 months 242 42 months 243 43 months 244 44 months 245 45 months 246 46 months 247 47 months 248 48 months 249 49 months 250 50 months 251 51 months 252 52 months 253 53 months 254 54 months 255 55 months 256 56 months 257 57 months 258 58 months 298 Months: Don't know 299 Months: Number missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 331 31 years 332 32 years 333 33 years 334 34 years 335 35 years 336 36 years 337 37 years 338 38 years 339 39 years 397 Years: Inconsistent 398 Years: Don't know 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (seventh-to-last-born child) 219. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 _____ MONTHS 2 _____ YEARS 3 _____ 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 131 31 days 132 32 days 133 33 days 134 34 days 135 35 days 136 36 days 137 37 days 138 38 days 139 39 days 140 40 days 141 41 days 142 42 days 198 Days: Don't know 199 Days: Number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 224 24 months 225 25 months 226 26 months 227 27 months 228 28 months 229 29 months 230 30 months 231 31 months 232 32 months 233 33 months 234 34 months 235 35 months 236 36 months 237 37 months 238 38 months 239 39 months 240 40 months 241 41 months 242 42 months 243 43 months 244 44 months 245 45 months 246 46 months 247 47 months 248 48 months 249 49 months 250 50 months 251 51 months 252 52 months 253 53 months 254 54 months 255 55 months 256 56 months 298 Months: Don't know 299 Months: Number missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 331 31 years 332 32 years 333 33 years 334 34 years 335 35 years 397 Years: Inconsistent 398 Years: Don't know 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (eighth-to-last-born child) 219. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 _____ MONTHS 2 _____ YEARS 3 _____ 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 131 31 days 132 32 days 133 33 days 134 34 days 135 35 days 136 36 days 137 37 days 138 38 days 139 39 days 140 40 days 141 41 days 198 Days: Don't know 199 Days: Number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 224 24 months 225 25 months 226 26 months 227 27 months 228 28 months 229 29 months 230 30 months 231 31 months 232 32 months 233 33 months 234 34 months 235 35 months 236 36 months 237 37 months 238 38 months 239 39 months 240 40 months 241 41 months 242 42 months 243 43 months 244 44 months 245 45 months 246 46 months 247 47 months 248 48 months 249 49 months 250 50 months 251 51 months 252 52 months 253 53 months 254 54 months 255 55 months 256 56 months 257 57 months 258 58 months 297 Months: Inconsistent 298 Months: Don't know 299 Months: Number missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 331 31 years 332 32 years 333 33 years 334 34 years 335 35 years 397 Years: Inconsistent 398 Years: Don't know 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (ninth-to-last-born child) 219. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 _____ MONTHS 2 _____ YEARS 3 _____ 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 131 31 days 132 32 days 133 33 days 134 34 days 135 35 days 136 36 days 137 37 days 138 38 days 139 39 days 140 40 days 198 Days: Don't know 199 Days: Number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 224 24 months 225 25 months 226 26 months 227 27 months 228 28 months 229 29 months 230 30 months 231 31 months 232 32 months 233 33 months 234 34 months 235 35 months 236 36 months 237 37 months 238 38 months 239 39 months 240 40 months 241 41 months 242 42 months 243 43 months 244 44 months 245 45 months 246 46 months 247 47 months 248 48 months 249 49 months 250 50 months 251 51 months 252 52 months 253 53 months 254 54 months 255 55 months 298 Months: Don't know 299 Monoths: Number missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 331 31 years 332 32 years 333 33 years 334 34 years 335 35 years 336 36 years 397 Years: Inconsistent 398 Years: Don't know 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (tenth-to-last-born child) 219. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 _____ MONTHS 2 _____ YEARS 3 _____ 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 131 31 days 132 32 days 133 33 days 134 34 days 135 35 days 136 36 days 137 37 days 138 38 days 139 39 days 140 40 days 198 Days: Don't know 199 Days: Number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 224 24 months 225 25 months 226 26 months 227 27 months 228 28 months 229 29 months 230 30 months 231 31 months 232 32 months 233 33 months 234 34 months 235 35 months 236 36 months 237 37 months 238 38 months 239 39 months 240 40 months 241 41 months 242 42 months 243 43 months 244 44 months 245 45 months 246 46 months 247 47 months 248 48 months 249 49 months 250 50 months 251 51 months 252 52 months 253 53 months 254 54 months 255 55 months 256 56 months 298 Months: Don't know 299 Months: Number missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 331 31 years 332 32 years 333 33 years 334 34 years 335 35 years 336 36 years 337 37 years 397 Years: Inconsistent 398 Years: Don't know 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (eleventh-to-last-born child) 219. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 _____ MONTHS 2 _____ YEARS 3 _____ 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 131 31 days 132 32 days 133 33 days 134 34 days 135 35 days 136 36 days 137 37 days 138 38 days 139 39 days 140 40 days 198 Days: Don’t know 199 Days: Number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 224 24 months 225 25 months 226 26 months 227 27 months 228 28 months 229 29 months 230 30 months 231 31 months 232 32 months 233 33 months 234 34 months 235 35 months 236 36 months 237 37 months 238 38 months 239 39 months 240 40 months 241 41 months 242 42 months 243 43 months 244 44 months 245 45 months 246 46 months 247 47 months 298 Months: Don't know 299 Months: Number missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 331 31 years 332 32 years 333 33 years 397 Years: Inconsistent 398 Years: Don't know 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (twelfth-to-last-born child) 219. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 _____ MONTHS 2 _____ YEARS 3 _____ 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 131 31 days 132 32 days 133 33 days 134 34 days 135 35 days 136 36 days 137 37 days 138 38 days 139 39 days 140 40 days 198 Days: Don't know 199 Days: Number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 224 24 months 225 25 months 226 26 months 227 27 months 228 28 months 229 29 months 230 30 months 299 Months: Number missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 331 31 years 332 32 years 333 33 years 334 34 years 397 Years: Inconsistent 398 Years: Don't know 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (thirteenth-to-last-born child) 219. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 _____ MONTHS 2 _____ YEARS 3 _____ 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 131 31 days 132 32 days 133 33 days 134 34 days 135 35 days 136 36 days 137 37 days 138 38 days 139 39 days 140 40 days 198 Days: Don't know 199 Days: Number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 224 24 months 225 25 months 226 26 months 299 Months: Number missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 331 31 years 332 32 years 333 33 years 334 34 years 397 Years: Inconsistent 398 Years: Don't know 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (fourteenth-to-last-born child) 219. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 _____ MONTHS 2 _____ YEARS 3 _____ 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 198 Days: Don't know 199 Days: Number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 224 24 months 225 25 months 226 26 months 227 27 months 228 28 months 229 29 months 230 30 months 231 31 months 232 32 months 233 33 months 234 34 months 235 35 months 236 36 months 237 37 months 238 38 months 239 39 months 240 40 months 241 41 months 242 42 months 243 43 months 244 44 months 245 45 months 246 46 months 247 47 months 248 48 months 299 Months: Number missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 397 Years: Inconsistent 398 Years: Don't know 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (fifteenth-to-last-born child) 219. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 _____ MONTHS 2 _____ YEARS 3 _____ 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 198 Days: Don’t know 199 Days: Number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 224 24 months 298 Months: Don't know 299 Months: Number missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 331 31 years 332 32 years 333 33 years 334 34 years 335 35 years 336 36 years 337 37 years 397 Years: Inconsistent 398 Years: Don't know 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (sixteenth-to-last-born child) 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 198 Days: Don't know 199 Days: Number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 299 Months: Number missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 397 Years: Inconsistent 398 Years: Don't know 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (seventeenth-to-last-born child) 219. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 _____ MONTHS 2 _____ YEARS 3 _____ 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 198 Days: Don't know 199 Days: Number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 299 Months: Number missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 397 Years: Inconsistent 398 Years: Don't know 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (eighteenth-to-last-born child) 219. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 _____ MONTHS 2 _____ YEARS 3 _____ 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 199 Days: Number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 299 Months: Number missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (nineteenth-to-last-born child) 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 199 Days: Number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 299 Months: Number missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death (non-imputed) (twentieth-to-last-born child) 219. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 _____ MONTHS 2 _____ YEARS 3 _____ 100 Less than 1 day 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 199 Days: Number missing 200 Less than 1 month 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 299 Months: Number missing 300 Less than 1 year 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 399 Years: Number missing 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) KIDAGEDIEDIMP _ALL (B7_x) reports the age of the deceased child at death in months (including imputed ages). KIDAGEDIEDIMP_ALL consists of a set of twenty separate variables, covering the most recent birth (KIDAGEDIEDIMP_01) up to the twentieth-most-recent birth (KIDAGEDIEDIMP_20) for a female respondent of childbearing age. If KIDAGEDIEDIMP_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. Information for this variable was collected on all births for a woman, up to a maximum of twenty. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to twenty births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 19 or 20 births). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 20 births and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then KIDAGEDIEDIMP_20 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 KIDAGEDIEDIMP_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (last birth) 219. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 _____ MONTHS 2 _____ YEARS 3 _____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (second-to-last birth) 219. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 _____ MONTHS 2 _____ YEARS 3 _____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (third-to-last birth) 219. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 _____ MONTHS 2 _____ YEARS 3 _____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (fourth-to-last birth) 219. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 _____ MONTHS 2 _____ YEARS 3 _____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (fifth-to-last birth) 219. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 _____ MONTHS 2 _____ YEARS 3 _____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (sixth-to-last birth) 219. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 _____ MONTHS 2 _____ YEARS 3 _____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (seventh-to-last birth) 219. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 _____ MONTHS 2 _____ YEARS 3 _____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (eighth-to-last birth) 219. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 _____ MONTHS 2 _____ YEARS 3 _____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (ninth-to-last birth) 219. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 _____ MONTHS 2 _____ YEARS 3 _____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (tenth-to-last birth) 219. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 _____ MONTHS 2 _____ YEARS 3 _____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (eleventh-to-last birth) 219. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 _____ MONTHS 2 _____ YEARS 3 _____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (twelfth-to-last birth) 219. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 _____ MONTHS 2 _____ YEARS 3 _____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (thirteenth-to-last birth) 219. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 _____ MONTHS 2 _____ YEARS 3 _____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (fourteenth-to-last birth) 219. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 _____ MONTHS 2 _____ YEARS 3 _____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (fifteenth-to-last birth) 219. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 _____ MONTHS 2 _____ YEARS 3 _____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (sixteenth-to-last birth) 219. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 _____ MONTHS 2 _____ YEARS 3 _____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (seventeenth-to-last birth) 219. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 _____ MONTHS 2 _____ YEARS 3 _____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (eighteenth-to-last birth) 219. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 _____ MONTHS 2 _____ YEARS 3 _____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (nineteenth-to-last birth) 219. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 _____ MONTHS 2 _____ YEARS 3 _____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in months (including imputed) (twentieth-to-last birth) 219. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 _____ MONTHS 2 _____ YEARS 3 _____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child KIDAGEDEATHFLAG_ALL (B13_x) reports the type of problem, if any, found when editing responses about the child's age at death (in KIDAGEDEATH_ALL). A code of 0 indicates no problem with the original response. KIDAGEDEATHFLAG_ALL consists of a set of twenty separate variables, covering the most recent birth (KIDAGEDEATHFLAG_01) up to the twentieth-most-recent birth (KIDAGEDEATHFLAG_20) for a female respondent of childbearing age. If KIDAGEDEATHFLAG_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. Information for this variable was collected on all births for a woman, up to a maximum of twenty births. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to twenty births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 19 or 20 births). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 20 births and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then KIDAGEDEATHFLAG_20 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 KIDAGEDEATHFLAG_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (last-born child) 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (second-to-last-born child) 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (third-to-last-born child) 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (fourth-to-last-born child) 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (fifth-to-last-born child) 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (sixth-to-last-born child) 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (seventh-to-last-born child) 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (eighth-to-last-born child) 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (ninth-to-last-born child) 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (tenth-to-last-born child) 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (eleventh-to-last-born child) 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (twelfth-to-last-born child) 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (thirteenth-to-last-born child) 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (fourteenth-to-last-born child) 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (fifteenth-to-last-born child) 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (sixteenth-to-last-born child) 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (seventeenth-to-last-born child) 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (eighteenth-to-last-born child) 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (nineteenth-to-last-born child) 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child (twentieth-to-last-born child) 00 No flag 01 Reported age places death after interview 02 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 03 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 04 Reported age less than age first breastfed 05 Reported age before last vaccination 06 Reported age outside expected range for units 07 Reported age was imputed, units given 08 Reported age was imputed, units not given 09 Reported age adjusted to give age in months 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years 217. IF ALIVE: How old was (NAME) at his/her last birthday? RECORD AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS. AGE IN YEARS _____ KIDCURAGE_ALL (B8_x) reports the current age of the living child, in years, at the time of the survey. KIDCURAGE_ALL consists of a set of twenty separate variables, covering the most recent birth (KIDCURAGE_01) up to the twentieth-most-recent birth (KIDCURAGE_20) for a female respondent of childbearing age. If KIDCURAGE_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. Information for this variable was collected on all births for a woman, up to a maximum of twenty births. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to twenty births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 19 or 20 births). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 20 births and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then KIDCURAGE_20 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 KIDCURAGE_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (last-born child) 217. IF ALIVE: How old was (NAME) at his/her last birthday? RECORD AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS. AGE IN YEARS _____ 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (second-to-last-born child) 217. IF ALIVE: How old was (NAME) at his/her last birthday? RECORD AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS. AGE IN YEARS _____ 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (third-to-last-born child) 217. IF ALIVE: How old was (NAME) at his/her last birthday? RECORD AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS. AGE IN YEARS _____ 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (fourth-to-last-born child) 217. IF ALIVE: How old was (NAME) at his/her last birthday? RECORD AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS. AGE IN YEARS _____ 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (fifth-to-last-born child) 217. IF ALIVE: How old was (NAME) at his/her last birthday? RECORD AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS. AGE IN YEARS _____ 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (sixth-to-last-born child) 217. IF ALIVE: How old was (NAME) at his/her last birthday? RECORD AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS. AGE IN YEARS _____ 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (seventh-to-last-born child) 217. IF ALIVE: How old was (NAME) at his/her last birthday? RECORD AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS. AGE IN YEARS _____ 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (eighth-to-last-born child) 217. IF ALIVE: How old was (NAME) at his/her last birthday? RECORD AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS. AGE IN YEARS _____ 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (ninth-to-last-born child) 217. IF ALIVE: How old was (NAME) at his/her last birthday? RECORD AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS. AGE IN YEARS _____ 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (tenth-to-last-born child) 217. IF ALIVE: How old was (NAME) at his/her last birthday? RECORD AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS. AGE IN YEARS _____ 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (eleventh-to-last-born child) 217. IF ALIVE: How old was (NAME) at his/her last birthday? RECORD AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS. AGE IN YEARS _____ 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (twelfth-to-last-born child) 217. IF ALIVE: How old was (NAME) at his/her last birthday? RECORD AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS. AGE IN YEARS _____ 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (thirteenth-to-last-born child) 217. IF ALIVE: How old was (NAME) at his/her last birthday? RECORD AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS. AGE IN YEARS _____ 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (fourteenth-to-last-born child) 217. IF ALIVE: How old was (NAME) at his/her last birthday? RECORD AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS. AGE IN YEARS _____ 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (fifteenth-to-last-born child) 217. IF ALIVE: How old was (NAME) at his/her last birthday? RECORD AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS. AGE IN YEARS _____ 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (sixteenth-to-last-born child) 217. IF ALIVE: How old was (NAME) at his/her last birthday? RECORD AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS. AGE IN YEARS _____ 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (seventeenth-to-last-born child) 217. IF ALIVE: How old was (NAME) at his/her last birthday? RECORD AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS. AGE IN YEARS _____ 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (eighteenth-to-last-born child) 217. IF ALIVE: How old was (NAME) at his/her last birthday? RECORD AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS. AGE IN YEARS _____ 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (nineteenth-to-last-born child) 217. IF ALIVE: How old was (NAME) at his/her last birthday? RECORD AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS. AGE IN YEARS _____ 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years (twentieth-to-last-born child) 34 34 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others 218. IF ALIVE: Is (NAME) living with you? YES 1 NO 2 GO TO NEXT BIRTH. KIDLIVESWITH_ALL (B9_x) reports the person with whom the child usually lives (i.e., the child's mother or someone else). KIDLIVESWITH_ALL consists of a set of twenty separate variables, covering the most recent birth (KIDLIVESWITH_01) up to the twentieth-most-recent birth (KIDLIVESWITH_20) for a female respondent of childbearing age. If KIDLIVESWITH_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. Information for this variable was collected on all births for a woman, up to a maximum of twenty births. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to twenty births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 19 or 20 births). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 20 births and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then KIDLIVESWITH_20 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 KIDLIVESWITH_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (last-born child) 218. IF ALIVE: Is (NAME) living with you? YES 1 NO 2 GO TO NEXT BIRTH. 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (second-to-last-born child) 218. IF ALIVE: Is (NAME) living with you? YES 1 NO 2 GO TO NEXT BIRTH. 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (third-to-last-born child) 218. IF ALIVE: Is (NAME) living with you? YES 1 NO 2 GO TO NEXT BIRTH. 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (fourth-to-last-born child) 218. IF ALIVE: Is (NAME) living with you? YES 1 NO 2 GO TO NEXT BIRTH. 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (fifth-to-last-born child) 218. IF ALIVE: Is (NAME) living with you? YES 1 NO 2 GO TO NEXT BIRTH. 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (sixth-to-last-born child) 218. IF ALIVE: Is (NAME) living with you? YES 1 NO 2 GO TO NEXT BIRTH. 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (seventh-to-last-born child) 218. IF ALIVE: Is (NAME) living with you? YES 1 NO 2 GO TO NEXT BIRTH. 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (eighth-to-last-born child) 218. IF ALIVE: Is (NAME) living with you? YES 1 NO 2 GO TO NEXT BIRTH. 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (ninth-to-last-born child) 218. IF ALIVE: Is (NAME) living with you? YES 1 NO 2 GO TO NEXT BIRTH. 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (tenth-to-last-born child) 218. IF ALIVE: Is (NAME) living with you? YES 1 NO 2 GO TO NEXT BIRTH. 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (eleventh-to-last-born child) 218. IF ALIVE: Is (NAME) living with you? YES 1 NO 2 GO TO NEXT BIRTH. 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (twelfth-to-last-born child) 218. IF ALIVE: Is (NAME) living with you? YES 1 NO 2 GO TO NEXT BIRTH. 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (thirteenth-to-last-born child) 218. IF ALIVE: Is (NAME) living with you? YES 1 NO 2 GO TO NEXT BIRTH. 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (fourteenth-to-last-born child) 218. IF ALIVE: Is (NAME) living with you? YES 1 NO 2 GO TO NEXT BIRTH. 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (fifteenth-to-last-born child) 218. IF ALIVE: Is (NAME) living with you? YES 1 NO 2 GO TO NEXT BIRTH. 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (sixteenth-to-last-born child) 218. IF ALIVE: Is (NAME) living with you? YES 1 NO 2 GO TO NEXT BIRTH. 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (seventeenth-to-last-born child) 218. IF ALIVE: Is (NAME) living with you? YES 1 NO 2 GO TO NEXT BIRTH. 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (eighteenth-to-last-born child) 218. IF ALIVE: Is (NAME) living with you? YES 1 NO 2 GO TO NEXT BIRTH. 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (nineteenth-to-last-born child) 218. IF ALIVE: Is (NAME) living with you? YES 1 NO 2 GO TO NEXT BIRTH. 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or others (twentieth-to-last-born child) 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ KIDAGEINFO_ALL (B10_x) reports the completeness of information about the child's age and date of birth. KIDAGEINFO_ALL consists of a set of twenty separate variables, covering the most recent birth (KIDAGEINFO_01) up to the twentieth-most-recent birth (KIDAGEINFO_20) for a female respondent of childbearing age. If KIDAGEINFO_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. Information for this variable was collected on all births for a woman, up to a maximum of twenty births. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to twenty births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 19 or 20 births). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 20 births and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then KIDAGEINFO_20 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 KIDAGEINFO_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (second-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (third-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all inputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (fourth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (fifth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (sixth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (seventh-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (eighth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (ninth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (tenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (eleventh-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (twelfth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (thirteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (fourteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (fifteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year- age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (sixteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (seventeenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (eighteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (nineteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth (twentieth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ BIRTHINTPREMO_ALL (B11_x) reports the preceding birth interval, or the length of time in months until the child was born, after the mother's previous birth (i.e., after the child's next oldest sibling). Because BIRTHINTPREMO_ALL relates to the child's older sibling, first-born children and twins of first-born children are not included in this variable set. BIRTHINTPREMO_ALL consists of a set of twenty separate variables, covering the most recent birth (BIRTHINTPREMO_01) up to the twentieth-most-recent birth (BIRTHINTPREMO_20) for a female respondent of childbearing age. If BIRTHINTPREMO_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. Information for this variable was collected on all births for a woman, up to a maximum of twenty. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to twenty births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 19 or 20 births). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 20 births and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then BIRTHINTPREMO_20 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 BIRTHINTPREMO_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months (last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months (second-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months (third-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months (fourth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months (fifth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months (sixth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months (seventh-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months (eighth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months (ninth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months (tenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months (eleventh-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months (twelfth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months (thirteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months (fourteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months (fifteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months (sixteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months (seventeenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months (eighteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceeding birth interval, in months (nineteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ BIRTHINTPOSTMO_ALL (B12_x) reports the succeeding birth interval, or the length of time in months, after the child was born, until the mother's next birth (i.e., before the child's next youngest sibling). Because BIRTHINTPOSTMO_ALL relates to the child's younger sibling, last-born children and twins of last-born children are not included in this variable set. BIRTHINTPOSTMO_ALL consists of a set of nineteen separate variables, covering the second-most-recent birth (BIRTHINTPOSTMO_02) up to the twentieth-most-recent birth (BIRTHINTPOSTMO_20) for a female respondent of childbearing age. If BIRTHINTPOSTMO_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. Information for this variable was collected on all but the most recent birth for a woman, up to a maximum of her twentieth birth. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to the twentieth births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had a 19th or 20th birth). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 20 births and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then BIRTHINTPOSTMO_20 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 BIRTHINTPOSTMO_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months (second-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months (third-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months (fourth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months (fifth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months (sixth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months (seventh-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months (eighth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months (ninth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months (tenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months (eleventh-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months (twelfth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months (thirteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months (fourteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months (fifteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months (sixteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months (seventeenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months (eighteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months (nineteenth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months (twentieth-to-last-born child) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Interval between birth and previous birth is 4+ years 220. SUBTRACT THE BIRTH YEAR OF (NAME) FROM THE YEAR OF THE PREVIOUS BIRTH. IS THE DIFFERENCE FOUR OR MORE YEARS? [NOTE: ONLY FOR BIRTHS 2 AND AFTER.] YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO NEXT BIRTH) BINT4YR_ALL (B14_x) indicates whether the preceding birth interval, or the length of time in months the child was born after the mother's previous birth (i.e., after the child's next oldest sibling), was four or more years. The survey form included the question, "Were there any other live births between (NAME OF PREVIOUS BIRTH) and (NAME), including any children who died?" and left room to record the month and year of each birth. Because BINT4YR_ALL relates to time since the birth of the child's older sibling, first-born children are not included in this variable set. The DHS Recode Manual for Phase III describes how the calculation of the birth interval reported in this variable was done: This calculation is performed by the interviewer, purely in terms of years, ignoring the month of birth of each of the children. For example, a birth in April 1988 would be categorized as being four or more years after a birth in October 1984, even though there is actually less than four years between the births. The DHS Recode Manuals for Phases III and IV add the following note explaining the rationale for BINT4YR (B14): Variables B14 and B15 are questions used in the interview to try and ascertain if the respondent had omitted any live births while reporting her birth history. The birth history may have been modified during the interviewing process, and the responses may not now correspond to the interval between the birth and the preceding birth recorded in this section. The data have been included to help indicate cases where the respondent may have omitted live births while originally reporting the birth history. The omitted births should be included in this final version of the birth history. The related variables BIRTHINTPREMO_ALL (B11_x) and BIRTHINTPOSTMO_ALL (B12_x) report the finalized numbers, in months, for the length of the birth intervals preceding and following a birth, respectively. BINT4YR_ALL consists of a set of twenty separate variables, covering the most recent birth (BINT4YR_01) up to the twentieth-most-recent birth (BINT4YR_20) for a female respondent of childbearing age. If BINT4YR_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. Information for this variable was collected on all births for a woman, up to a maximum of twenty. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to twenty births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 19 or 20 births). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 20 births and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then BINT4YR_20 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 BINT4YR_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Interval between birth and previous birth is 4+ years (last-born child) 220. SUBTRACT THE BIRTH YEAR OF (NAME) FROM THE YEAR OF THE PREVIOUS BIRTH. IS THE DIFFERENCE FOUR OR MORE YEARS? [NOTE: ONLY FOR BIRTHS 2 AND AFTER.] YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO NEXT BIRTH) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Don't know 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Interval between birth and previous birth is 4+ years (second-to-last-born child) 220. SUBTRACT THE BIRTH YEAR OF (NAME) FROM THE YEAR OF THE PREVIOUS BIRTH. IS THE DIFFERENCE FOUR OR MORE YEARS? [NOTE: ONLY FOR BIRTHS 2 AND AFTER.] YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO NEXT BIRTH) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Don't know 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Interval between birth and previous birth is 4+ years (third-to-last-born child) 220. SUBTRACT THE BIRTH YEAR OF (NAME) FROM THE YEAR OF THE PREVIOUS BIRTH. IS THE DIFFERENCE FOUR OR MORE YEARS? [NOTE: ONLY FOR BIRTHS 2 AND AFTER.] YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO NEXT BIRTH) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Don't know 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Interval between birth and previous birth is 4+ years (fourth-to-last-born child) 220. SUBTRACT THE BIRTH YEAR OF (NAME) FROM THE YEAR OF THE PREVIOUS BIRTH. IS THE DIFFERENCE FOUR OR MORE YEARS? [NOTE: ONLY FOR BIRTHS 2 AND AFTER.] YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO NEXT BIRTH) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Don't know 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Interval between birth and previous birth is 4+ years (fifth-to-last-born child) 220. SUBTRACT THE BIRTH YEAR OF (NAME) FROM THE YEAR OF THE PREVIOUS BIRTH. IS THE DIFFERENCE FOUR OR MORE YEARS? [NOTE: ONLY FOR BIRTHS 2 AND AFTER.] YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO NEXT BIRTH) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Don't know 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Interval between birth and previous birth is 4+ years (sixth-to-last-born child) 220. SUBTRACT THE BIRTH YEAR OF (NAME) FROM THE YEAR OF THE PREVIOUS BIRTH. IS THE DIFFERENCE FOUR OR MORE YEARS? [NOTE: ONLY FOR BIRTHS 2 AND AFTER.] YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO NEXT BIRTH) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Don't know 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Interval between birth and previous birth is 4+ years (seventh-to-last-born child) 220. SUBTRACT THE BIRTH YEAR OF (NAME) FROM THE YEAR OF THE PREVIOUS BIRTH. IS THE DIFFERENCE FOUR OR MORE YEARS? [NOTE: ONLY FOR BIRTHS 2 AND AFTER.] YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO NEXT BIRTH) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Don't know 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Interval between birth and previous birth is 4+ years (eighth-to-last-born child) 220. SUBTRACT THE BIRTH YEAR OF (NAME) FROM THE YEAR OF THE PREVIOUS BIRTH. IS THE DIFFERENCE FOUR OR MORE YEARS? [NOTE: ONLY FOR BIRTHS 2 AND AFTER.] YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO NEXT BIRTH) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Don't know 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Interval between birth and previous birth is 4+ years (ninth-to-last-born child) 220. SUBTRACT THE BIRTH YEAR OF (NAME) FROM THE YEAR OF THE PREVIOUS BIRTH. IS THE DIFFERENCE FOUR OR MORE YEARS? [NOTE: ONLY FOR BIRTHS 2 AND AFTER.] YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO NEXT BIRTH) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Don't know 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Interval between birth and previous birth is 4+ years (tenth-to-last-born child) 220. SUBTRACT THE BIRTH YEAR OF (NAME) FROM THE YEAR OF THE PREVIOUS BIRTH. IS THE DIFFERENCE FOUR OR MORE YEARS? [NOTE: ONLY FOR BIRTHS 2 AND AFTER.] YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO NEXT BIRTH) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Don't know 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Interval between birth and previous birth is 4+ years (eleventh-to-last-born child) 220. SUBTRACT THE BIRTH YEAR OF (NAME) FROM THE YEAR OF THE PREVIOUS BIRTH. IS THE DIFFERENCE FOUR OR MORE YEARS? [NOTE: ONLY FOR BIRTHS 2 AND AFTER.] YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO NEXT BIRTH) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Don't know 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Interval between birth and previous birth is 4+ years (twelfth-to-last-born child) 220. SUBTRACT THE BIRTH YEAR OF (NAME) FROM THE YEAR OF THE PREVIOUS BIRTH. IS THE DIFFERENCE FOUR OR MORE YEARS? [NOTE: ONLY FOR BIRTHS 2 AND AFTER.] YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO NEXT BIRTH) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Don't know 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Interval between birth and previous birth is 4+ years (thirteenth-to-last-born child) 220. SUBTRACT THE BIRTH YEAR OF (NAME) FROM THE YEAR OF THE PREVIOUS BIRTH. IS THE DIFFERENCE FOUR OR MORE YEARS? [NOTE: ONLY FOR BIRTHS 2 AND AFTER.] YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO NEXT BIRTH) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Don't know 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Interval between birth and previous birth is 4+ years (fourteenth-to-last-born child) 220. SUBTRACT THE BIRTH YEAR OF (NAME) FROM THE YEAR OF THE PREVIOUS BIRTH. IS THE DIFFERENCE FOUR OR MORE YEARS? [NOTE: ONLY FOR BIRTHS 2 AND AFTER.] YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO NEXT BIRTH) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Interval between birth and previous birth is 4+ years (fifteenth-to-last-born child) 220. SUBTRACT THE BIRTH YEAR OF (NAME) FROM THE YEAR OF THE PREVIOUS BIRTH. IS THE DIFFERENCE FOUR OR MORE YEARS? [NOTE: ONLY FOR BIRTHS 2 AND AFTER.] YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO NEXT BIRTH) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Interval between birth and previous birth is 4+ years (sixteenth-to-last-born child) 220. SUBTRACT THE BIRTH YEAR OF (NAME) FROM THE YEAR OF THE PREVIOUS BIRTH. IS THE DIFFERENCE FOUR OR MORE YEARS? [NOTE: ONLY FOR BIRTHS 2 AND AFTER.] YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO NEXT BIRTH) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Interval between birth and previous birth is 4+ years (seventeenth-to-last-born child) 220. SUBTRACT THE BIRTH YEAR OF (NAME) FROM THE YEAR OF THE PREVIOUS BIRTH. IS THE DIFFERENCE FOUR OR MORE YEARS? [NOTE: ONLY FOR BIRTHS 2 AND AFTER.] YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO NEXT BIRTH) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Interval between birth and previous birth is 4+ years (eighteenth-to-last-born child) 220. SUBTRACT THE BIRTH YEAR OF (NAME) FROM THE YEAR OF THE PREVIOUS BIRTH. IS THE DIFFERENCE FOUR OR MORE YEARS? [NOTE: ONLY FOR BIRTHS 2 AND AFTER.] YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO NEXT BIRTH) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Interval between birth and previous birth is 4+ years (nineteenth-to-last-born child) 220. SUBTRACT THE BIRTH YEAR OF (NAME) FROM THE YEAR OF THE PREVIOUS BIRTH. IS THE DIFFERENCE FOUR OR MORE YEARS? [NOTE: ONLY FOR BIRTHS 2 AND AFTER.] YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO NEXT BIRTH) 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Any other live births in interval between birth and previous reported birth 221. Were there any other live births between (NAME OF PREVIOUS BIRTH) and (NAME)? [ONLY FOR BIRTHS 2 AND AFTER] YES 1 NO 2 OTHBIRTHININT_ALL (B15_x) indicates whether there were any other live births in the interval between this birth and the previously reported birth. The survey form included the question, "Were there any other live births between (NAME OF PREVIOUS BIRTH) and (NAME), including any children who died?" For DHS Phase III only, OTHBIRTHININT_ALL (B15_x) is limited to "Births for which the interval between the birth and the previously reported birth was four or more years (B14 =1)," according to the Recode Manuals. For later Phases, the universe is all second- and higher-order births. The DHS Recode Manuals include the following explanatory note about this variable: Variables B14 and B15 are questions used in the interview to try and ascertain if the respondent had omitted any live births while reporting her birth history. The birth history may have been modified during the interviewing process, and the responses may not now correspond to the interval between the birth and the preceding birth recorded in this section. The data have been included to help indicate cases where the respondent may have omitted live births while originally reporting the birth history. The omitted births should be included in this final version of the birth history. OTHBIRTHININT_ALL consists of a set of twenty separate variables, covering the most recent birth (OTHBIRTHININT_01) up to the twentieth-most-recent birth (OTHBIRTHININT_20) for a female respondent of childbearing age. If OTHBIRTHININT_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. Information for this variable was collected on all births for a woman, up to a maximum of twenty births. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to twenty births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 19 or 20 births). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 20 births and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then OTHBIRTHININT_20 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 OTHBIRTHININT_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Any other live births in interval between birth and previous reported birth (last-born child) 221. Were there any other live births between (NAME OF PREVIOUS BIRTH) and (NAME)? [ONLY FOR BIRTHS 2 AND AFTER] YES 1 NO 2 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Any other live births in interval between birth and previous reported birth (second-to-last-born child) 221. Were there any other live births between (NAME OF PREVIOUS BIRTH) and (NAME)? [ONLY FOR BIRTHS 2 AND AFTER] YES 1 NO 2 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Any other live births in interval between birth and previous reported birth (third-to-last-born child) 221. Were there any other live births between (NAME OF PREVIOUS BIRTH) and (NAME)? [ONLY FOR BIRTHS 2 AND AFTER] YES 1 NO 2 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Any other live births in interval between birth and previous reported birth (fourth-to-last-born child) 221. Were there any other live births between (NAME OF PREVIOUS BIRTH) and (NAME)? [ONLY FOR BIRTHS 2 AND AFTER] YES 1 NO 2 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Any other live births in interval between birth and previous reported birth (fifth-to-last-born child) 221. Were there any other live births between (NAME OF PREVIOUS BIRTH) and (NAME)? [ONLY FOR BIRTHS 2 AND AFTER] YES 1 NO 2 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Any other live births in interval between birth and previous reported birth (sixth-to-last-born child) 221. Were there any other live births between (NAME OF PREVIOUS BIRTH) and (NAME)? [ONLY FOR BIRTHS 2 AND AFTER] YES 1 NO 2 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Any other live births in interval between birth and previous reported birth (seventh-to-last-born child) 221. Were there any other live births between (NAME OF PREVIOUS BIRTH) and (NAME)? [ONLY FOR BIRTHS 2 AND AFTER] YES 1 NO 2 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Any other live births in interval between birth and previous reported birth (eighth-to-last-born child) 221. Were there any other live births between (NAME OF PREVIOUS BIRTH) and (NAME)? [ONLY FOR BIRTHS 2 AND AFTER] YES 1 NO 2 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Any other live births in interval between birth and previous reported birth (ninth-to-last-born child) 221. Were there any other live births between (NAME OF PREVIOUS BIRTH) and (NAME)? [ONLY FOR BIRTHS 2 AND AFTER] YES 1 NO 2 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Any other live births in interval between birth and previous reported birth (tenth-to-last-born child) 221. Were there any other live births between (NAME OF PREVIOUS BIRTH) and (NAME)? [ONLY FOR BIRTHS 2 AND AFTER] YES 1 NO 2 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Any other live births in interval between birth and previous reported birth (eleventh-to-last-born child) 221. Were there any other live births between (NAME OF PREVIOUS BIRTH) and (NAME)? [ONLY FOR BIRTHS 2 AND AFTER] YES 1 NO 2 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Any other live births in interval between birth and previous reported birth (twelfth-to-last-born child) 221. Were there any other live births between (NAME OF PREVIOUS BIRTH) and (NAME)? [ONLY FOR BIRTHS 2 AND AFTER] YES 1 NO 2 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Any other live births in interval between birth and previous reported birth (thirteenth-to-last-born child) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Any other live births in interval between birth and previous reported birth (fourteenth-to-last-born child) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Any other live births in interval between birth and previous reported birth (fifteenth-to-last-born child) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Any other live births in interval between birth and previous reported birth (sixteenth-to-last-born child) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Any other live births in interval between birth and previous reported birth (seventeenth-to-last-born child) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Any other live births in interval between birth and previous reported birth (eighteenth-to-last-born child) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Any other live births in interval between birth and previous reported birth (nineteenth-to-last-born child) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Size of child at birth (subjective report) 416. When (NAME) was born, was he/she very large, larger than average, average, smaller than average average, or very small? VERY LARGE 1 LARGER THAN AVERAGE 2 AVERAGE 3 SMALLER THAN AVERAGE 4 VERY SMALL 5 DOESN'T KNOW 8 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, BIRTHSZ_ALL (M18_x) indicates the size of child at birth, reported subjectively. BIRTHSZ_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (BIRTHSZ_01) up to, potentially, the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., BIRTHSZ_02, BIRTHSZ_03, BIRTHSZ_04, BIRTHSZ_05, and BIRTHSZ_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If BIRTHSZ_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. This information was collected for all births within the reference period preceding the survey. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then BIRTHSZ_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 BIRTHSZ_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Size of child at birth (subjective report) (last birth) 416. When (NAME) was born, was he/she very large, larger than average, average, smaller than average average, or very small? VERY LARGE 1 LARGER THAN AVERAGE 2 AVERAGE 3 SMALLER THAN AVERAGE 4 VERY SMALL 5 DOESN'T KNOW 8 See BIRTHSZ_ALL. 10 Large 11 Very large 12 Larger than average 20 Average 30 Small 31 Smaller than average 32 Very small 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Size of child at birth (subjective report) (second to last birth) 416. When (NAME) was born, was he/she very large, larger than average, average, smaller than average average, or very small? VERY LARGE 1 LARGER THAN AVERAGE 2 AVERAGE 3 SMALLER THAN AVERAGE 4 VERY SMALL 5 DOESN'T KNOW 8 10 Large 11 Very large 12 Larger than average 20 Average 30 Small 31 Smaller than average 32 Very small 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Size of child at birth (subjective report) (third to last birth) 416. When (NAME) was born, was he/she very large, larger than average, average, smaller than average average, or very small? VERY LARGE 1 LARGER THAN AVERAGE 2 AVERAGE 3 SMALLER THAN AVERAGE 4 VERY SMALL 5 DOESN'T KNOW 8 10 Large 11 Very large 12 Larger than average 20 Average 30 Small 31 Smaller than average 32 Very small 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Size of child at birth (subjective report) (fourth to last birth) 10 Large 11 Very large 12 Larger than average 20 Average 30 Small 31 Smaller than average 32 Very small 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Size of child at birth (subjective report) (fifth to last birth) 10 Large 11 Very large 12 Larger than average 20 Average 30 Small 31 Smaller than average 32 Very small 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Size of child at birth (subjective report) (sixth to last birth) 10 Large 11 Very large 12 Larger than average 20 Average 30 Small 31 Smaller than average 32 Very small 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birthweight in kilos 418. How much did (NAME) weigh? RECORD WEIGHT FROM HEALTH CARD, IF AVAILABLE. GRAMS FROM CARD 1 __________ GRAMS FROM MEMORY 2 __________ DOESN'T KNOW 99998 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, BIRTHWT_ALL (M19_x) reports the child's birthweight in kilos with three implied decimal places (or, alternatively stated, in grams with no decimal places). Children who were not weighed are coded 9996. BIRTHWT_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (BIRTHWT_01) up to, potentially, the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., BIRTHWT_02, BIRTHWT_03, BIRTHWT_04, BIRTHWT_05, and BIRTHWT_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If BIRTHWT_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. This information was collected for all births within the reference period preceding the survey. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then BIRTHWT_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 BIRTHWT_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birthweight in kilos (last birth) 418. How much did (NAME) weigh? RECORD WEIGHT FROM HEALTH CARD, IF AVAILABLE. GRAMS FROM CARD 1 __________ GRAMS FROM MEMORY 2 __________ DOESN'T KNOW 99998 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, BIRTHWT_01 (M19_1) reports the last-born child's birthweight in kilos with three implied decimal places (or, alternatively stated, in grams with no decimal places). Children who were not weighed are coded 9996. 9995 9995+ 9996 Not weighed at birth 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birthweight in kilos (second to last birth) 418. How much did (NAME) weigh? RECORD WEIGHT FROM HEALTH CARD, IF AVAILABLE. GRAMS FROM CARD 1 __________ GRAMS FROM MEMORY 2 __________ DOESN'T KNOW 99998 9995 9995+ 9996 Not weighed at birth 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birthweight in kilos (third to last birth) 418. How much did (NAME) weigh? RECORD WEIGHT FROM HEALTH CARD, IF AVAILABLE. GRAMS FROM CARD 1 __________ GRAMS FROM MEMORY 2 __________ DOESN'T KNOW 99998 9995 9995+ 9996 Not weighed at birth 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birthweight in kilos (fourth to last birth) 9995 9995+ 9996 Not weighed at birth 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birthweight in kilos (fifth to last birth) 9995 9995+ 9996 Not weighed at birth 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Birthweight in kilos (sixth to last birth) 9995 9995+ 9996 Not weighed at birth 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Source of weight at birth (health card or recall) 418. How much did (NAME) weigh? RECORD WEIGHT FROM HEALTH CARD, IF AVAILABLE. GRAMS FROM CARD 1 __________ GRAMS FROM MEMORY 2 __________ DOESN'T KNOW 99998 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, BIRTHWTREF_ALL (M19A_x) indicates whether the child's reported weight at birth (BIRTHWT_ALL) was recorded from a health card or based on the mother's recall. Children who were not weighed are coded 9996. BIRTHWTREF_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (BIRTHWTREF_01) up to, potentially, the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., BIRTHWTREF_02, BIRTHWTREF_03, BIRTHWTREF_04, BIRTHWTREF_05, and BIRTHWTREF_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If BIRTHWTREF_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. This information was collected for all births within the reference period preceding the survey. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then BIRTHWTREF_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 BIRTHWTREF_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Source of birthweight info (health card or recall) (last birth) 418. How much did (NAME) weigh? RECORD WEIGHT FROM HEALTH CARD, IF AVAILABLE. GRAMS FROM CARD 1 __________ GRAMS FROM MEMORY 2 __________ DOESN'T KNOW 99998 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, BIRTHWTREF_01 (M19A_1) indicates whether the child's reported weight at birth (BIRTHWT_01) was recorded from a health card or based on the mother's recall. Children who were not weighed at birth are coded 0. 0 Not weighed 1 From written card 2 From mother's recall 3 Other answers 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Source of weight at birth (health card or recall) (second to last birth) 418. How much did (NAME) weigh? RECORD WEIGHT FROM HEALTH CARD, IF AVAILABLE. GRAMS FROM CARD 1 __________ GRAMS FROM MEMORY 2 __________ DOESN'T KNOW 99998 0 Not weighed 1 From written card 2 From mother's recall 3 Other answers 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Source of weight at birth (health card or recall) (third to last birth) 418. How much did (NAME) weigh? RECORD WEIGHT FROM HEALTH CARD, IF AVAILABLE. GRAMS FROM CARD 1 __________ GRAMS FROM MEMORY 2 __________ DOESN'T KNOW 99998 0 Not weighed 1 From written card 2 From mother's recall 3 Other answers 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Source of weight at birth (health card or recall) (fourth to last birth) 0 Not weighed 1 From written card 2 From mother's recall 3 Other answers 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Source of weight at birth (health card or recall) (fifth to last birth) 0 Not weighed 1 From written card 2 From mother's recall 3 Other answers 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Source of weight at birth (health card or recall) (sixth to last birth) 0 Not weighed 1 From written card 2 From mother's recall 3 Other answers 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Time wanted pregnancy 405. At the time you became pregnant with (NAME), did you want to become pregnant then, did you want to wait until later, or did you not want to have any (more) children at all? THEN 1 (GO TO 407) LATER 2 NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 407) For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, CHDESIRE_ALL (M10_x) indicates whether the child was wanted at the time of pregnancy, was wanted but later, or was not wanted at all. CHDESIRE_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (CHDESIRE_01) up to, potentially, the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., CHDESIRE_02, CHDESIRE_03, CHDESIRE_04, CHDESIRE_05, and CHDESIRE_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If CHDESIRE_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. This information was collected for all births within the reference period preceding the survey. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then CHDESIRE_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 Then 2 Later 3 No more 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Time wanted pregnancy (last birth) 405. At the time you became pregnant with (NAME), did you want to become pregnant then, did you want to wait until later, or did you not want to have any (more) children at all? THEN 1 (GO TO 407) LATER 2 NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 407) For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, CHDESIRE_01 (M10_1) indicates whether the last-born child was wanted at the time of pregnancy, was wanted but later, or was not wanted at all. 1 Then 2 Later 3 No more 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Time wanted pregnancy (second to last birth) 405. At the time you became pregnant with (NAME), did you want to become pregnant then, did you want to wait until later, or did you not want to have any (more) children at all? THEN 1 (GO TO 407) LATER 2 NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 407) 1 Then 2 Later 3 No more 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Time wanted pregnancy (third to last birth) 405. At the time you became pregnant with (NAME), did you want to become pregnant then, did you want to wait until later, or did you not want to have any (more) children at all? THEN 1 (GO TO 407) LATER 2 NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 407) 1 Then 2 Later 3 No more 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Time wanted pregnancy (fourth to last birth) 1 Then 2 Later 3 No more 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Time wanted pregnancy (fifth to last birth) 1 Then 2 Later 3 No more 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Time wanted pregnancy (sixth to last birth) 1 Then 2 Later 3 No more 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Time wanted to wait before pregnancy 406. How much longer would you have liked to wait? MONTHS 1 ____ YEARS 2 ____ DOESN'T KNOW 998 For women who gave birth in the three to five years before the survey and who wanted to become pregnant later, CHDESIREL_ALL (M11_x) reports the length of time they would have wanted to wait. Following DHS convention, intervals reported in weeks are coded with a "1" in the first digit, while intervals reported in years are coded with a "2" in the first digit. CHDESIREL_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (CHDESIREL_01) up to, potentially, the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., CHDESIREREL_02, CHDESIREL_03, CHDESIREREL_04, CHDESIREL_05, and CHDESIREL_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If CHDESIREL_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For nearly all samples, this information was collected for all births within the reference period preceding the survey. (See Comparability for information about exceptions.) In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then CHDESIREL_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 CHDESIREL_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Time wanted to wait before pregnancy (last birth) 406. How much longer would you have liked to wait? MONTHS 1 ____ YEARS 2 ____ DOESN'T KNOW 998 See CHDESIREL_ALL. 100 MONTHS 101 1 month 102 2 months 103 3 104 4 105 5 106 6 107 7 108 8 109 9 110 10 111 11 112 12 113 13 114 14 115 15 116 16 117 17 118 18 119 19 120 20 121 21 122 22 123 23 124 24 125 25 126 26 127 27 128 28 129 29 130 30 131 31 132 32 133 33 134 34 135 35 136 36 137 37 138 38 139 39 140 40 141 41 142 42 143 43 144 44 145 45 146 46 147 47 148 48 149 49 150 50 151 51 152 52 153 53 154 54 155 55 156 56 157 57 158 58 159 59 160 60 161 61 162 62 163 63 164 64 165 65 166 66 167 67 168 68 169 69 170 70 171 71 172 72 173 73 174 74 175 75 176 76 177 77 178 78 179 79 180 80 181 81 182 82 183 83 184 84 185 85 186 86 187 87 188 88 189 89 190 90 191 91 192 92 193 93 194 94 195 95 196 96 197 97 198 98 199 Weeks, number missing 200 YEARS 201 1 year 202 2 years 203 3 204 4 205 5 206 6 207 7 208 8 209 9 210 10 211 11 212 12 213 13 214 14 215 15 216 16 217 17 218 18 219 19 220 20 221 21 222 22 223 23 224 24 225 25 226 26 227 27 228 28 229 29 230 30+ 299 Years, number missing 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Time wanted to wait before pregnancy (second to last birth) 406. How much longer would you have liked to wait? MONTHS 1 ____ YEARS 2 ____ DOESN'T KNOW 998 100 MONTHS 101 1 month 102 2 months 103 3 104 4 105 5 106 6 107 7 108 8 109 9 110 10 111 11 112 12 113 13 114 14 115 15 116 16 117 17 118 18 119 19 120 20 121 21 122 22 123 23 124 24 125 25 126 26 127 27 128 28 129 29 130 30 131 31 132 32 133 33 134 34 135 35 136 36 137 37 138 38 139 39 140 40 141 41 142 42 143 43 144 44 145 45 146 46 147 47 148 48 149 49 150 50 151 51 152 52 153 53 154 54 155 55 156 56 157 57 158 58 159 59 160 60 161 61 162 62 163 63 164 64 165 65 166 66 167 67 168 68 169 69 170 70 171 71 172 72 173 73 174 74 175 75 176 76 177 77 178 78 179 79 180 80 181 81 182 82 183 83 184 84 185 85 186 86 187 87 188 88 189 89 190 90 191 91 192 92 193 93 194 94 195 95 196 96 197 97 198 98 199 Months, number missing 200 YEARS 201 1 year 202 2 years 203 3 204 4 205 5 206 6 207 7 208 8 209 9 210 10 211 11 212 12 213 13 214 14 215 15 216 16 217 17 218 18 219 19 220 20 221 21 222 22 223 23 224 24 225 25 226 26 227 27 228 28 229 29 230 30+ 299 Years, number missing 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Time wanted to wait before pregnancy (third to last birth) 406. How much longer would you have liked to wait? MONTHS 1 ____ YEARS 2 ____ DOESN'T KNOW 998 100 MONTHS 101 1 month 102 2 months 103 3 104 4 105 5 106 6 107 7 108 8 109 9 110 10 111 11 112 12 113 13 114 14 115 15 116 16 117 17 118 18 119 19 120 20 121 21 122 22 123 23 124 24 125 25 126 26 127 27 128 28 129 29 130 30 131 31 132 32 133 33 134 34 135 35 136 36 137 37 138 38 139 39 140 40 141 41 142 42 143 43 144 44 145 45 146 46 147 47 148 48 149 49 150 50 151 51 152 52 153 53 154 54 155 55 156 56 157 57 158 58 159 59 160 60 161 61 162 62 163 63 164 64 165 65 166 66 167 67 168 68 169 69 170 70 171 71 172 72 173 73 174 74 175 75 176 76 177 77 178 78 179 79 180 80 181 81 182 82 183 83 184 84 185 85 186 86 187 87 188 88 189 89 190 90 191 91 192 92 193 93 194 94 195 95 196 96 197 97 198 98 199 Weeks, number missing 200 YEARS 201 1 year 202 2 years 203 3 204 4 205 5 206 6 207 7 208 8 209 9 210 10 211 11 212 12 213 13 214 14 215 15 216 16 217 17 218 18 219 19 220 20 221 21 222 22 223 23 224 24 225 25 226 26 227 27 228 28 229 29 230 30+ 299 Years, number missing 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Time wanted to wait before pregnancy (fourth to last birth) 100 MONTHS 101 1 month 102 2 months 103 3 104 4 105 5 106 6 107 7 108 8 109 9 110 10 111 11 112 12 113 13 114 14 115 15 116 16 117 17 118 18 119 19 120 20 121 21 122 22 123 23 124 24 125 25 126 26 127 27 128 28 129 29 130 30 131 31 132 32 133 33 134 34 135 35 136 36 137 37 138 38 139 39 140 40 141 41 142 42 143 43 144 44 145 45 146 46 147 47 148 48 149 49 150 50 151 51 152 52 153 53 154 54 155 55 156 56 157 57 158 58 159 59 160 60 161 61 162 62 163 63 164 64 165 65 166 66 167 67 168 68 169 69 170 70 171 71 172 72 173 73 174 74 175 75 176 76 177 77 178 78 179 79 180 80 181 81 182 82 183 83 184 84 185 85 186 86 187 87 188 88 189 89 190 90 191 91 192 92 193 93 194 94 195 95 196 96 197 97 198 98 199 Weeks, number missing 200 YEARS 201 1 year 202 2 years 203 3 204 4 205 5 206 6 207 7 208 8 209 9 210 10 211 11 212 12 213 13 214 14 215 15 216 16 217 17 218 18 219 19 220 20 221 21 222 22 223 23 224 24 225 25 226 26 227 27 228 28 229 29 230 30+ 299 Years, number missing 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Time wanted to wait before pregnancy (fifth to last birth) 100 MONTHS 101 1 month 102 2 months 103 3 104 4 105 5 106 6 107 7 108 8 109 9 110 10 111 11 112 12 113 13 114 14 115 15 116 16 117 17 118 18 119 19 120 20 121 21 122 22 123 23 124 24 125 25 126 26 127 27 128 28 129 29 130 30 131 31 132 32 133 33 134 34 135 35 136 36 137 37 138 38 139 39 140 40 141 41 142 42 143 43 144 44 145 45 146 46 147 47 148 48 149 49 150 50 151 51 152 52 153 53 154 54 155 55 156 56 157 57 158 58 159 59 160 60 161 61 162 62 163 63 164 64 165 65 166 66 167 67 168 68 169 69 170 70 171 71 172 72 173 73 174 74 175 75 176 76 177 77 178 78 179 79 180 80 181 81 182 82 183 83 184 84 185 85 186 86 187 87 188 88 189 89 190 90 191 91 192 92 193 93 194 94 195 95 196 96 197 97 198 98 199 Weeks, number missing 200 YEARS 201 1 year 202 2 years 203 3 204 4 205 5 206 6 207 7 208 8 209 9 210 10 211 11 212 12 213 13 214 14 215 15 216 16 217 17 218 18 219 19 220 20 221 21 222 22 223 23 224 24 225 25 226 26 227 27 228 28 229 29 230 30+ 299 Years, number missing 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Time wanted to wait before pregnancy (sixth to last birth) 100 MONTHS 101 1 month 102 2 months 103 3 104 4 105 5 106 6 107 7 108 8 109 9 110 10 111 11 112 12 113 13 114 14 115 15 116 16 117 17 118 18 119 19 120 20 121 21 122 22 123 23 124 24 125 25 126 26 127 27 128 28 129 29 130 30 131 31 132 32 133 33 134 34 135 35 136 36 137 37 138 38 139 39 140 40 141 41 142 42 143 43 144 44 145 45 146 46 147 47 148 48 149 49 150 50 151 51 152 52 153 53 154 54 155 55 156 56 157 57 158 58 159 59 160 60 161 61 162 62 163 63 164 64 165 65 166 66 167 67 168 68 169 69 170 70 171 71 172 72 173 73 174 74 175 75 176 76 177 77 178 78 179 79 180 80 181 81 182 82 183 83 184 84 185 85 186 86 187 87 188 88 189 89 190 90 191 91 192 92 193 93 194 94 195 95 196 96 197 97 198 98 199 Weeks, number missing 200 YEARS 201 1 year 202 2 years 203 3 204 4 205 5 206 6 207 7 208 8 209 9 210 10 211 11 212 12 213 13 214 14 215 15 216 16 217 17 218 18 219 19 220 20 221 21 222 22 223 23 224 24 225 25 226 26 227 27 228 28 229 29 230 30+ 299 Years, number missing 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Duration of postpartum amenorrhea in months 421. For how many months after the birth of (NAME) did you not have your period? MONTHS ____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 PPAMHMO_ALL reports the duration, in months, of postpartum amenorrhea after the birth of the child, for women who gave birth in the last three to five years. Women whose period had not returned at the time of interview were excluded from PPAMHMO_ALL, but women who were still amenorrheic were included in calculations for the similar variable PPAMHMOC_ALL. The maximum period allowed during the data editing (by the survey administrators) was the interval between the date of birth of the child and the date of conception of the following child (with birth date minus nine months used for the date of conception) or the date of interview if there was no following birth. PPAMHMO_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (PPAMHMO_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., PPAMHMO_02, PPAMHMO_03, PPAMHMO_04, PPAMHMO_05, and PPAMHMO_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If PPAMHMO_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then PPAMHMO_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 PPAMHMO_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Duration of postpartum amenorrhea in months (last births) 421. For how many months after the birth of (NAME) did you not have your period? MONTHS ____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 PPAMHMO_01 reports the duration, in months, of postpartum amenorrhea after the birth of the child (for the last birth), for women who gave birth in the last three to five years. Women whose period had not returned at the time of interview were excluded from PPAMHMO_01, but women who were still amenorrheic were included in calculations for the similar variable PPAMHMOC_01. The maximum period allowed during the data editing (by the survey administrators) was the interval between the date of birth of the child and the date of conception of the following child (with birth date minus nine months used for the date of conception) or the date of interview if there was no following birth. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 Period not returned 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Duration of postpartum amenorrhea in months (second to last birth) 421. For how many months after the birth of (NAME) did you not have your period? MONTHS ____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 Period not returned 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Duration of postpartum amenorrhea in months (third to last birth) 421. For how many months after the birth of (NAME) did you not have your period? MONTHS ____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 Period not returned 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Duration of postpartum amenorrhea in months (fourth to last birth) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 Period not returned 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Duration of postpartum amenorrhea in months (fifth to last birth) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 Period not returned 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Duration of postpartum amenorrhea in months (sixth to last birth) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 Period not returned 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Months of postpartum amenorrhea (including women still amenorrheic) 421. For how many months after the birth of (NAME) did you not have your period? MONTHS ____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 PPAMHMOC_ALL (M9_x) reports the duration, in months, of postpartum amenorrhea after the birth of the child, for women who gave birth in the last three to five years. Women whose period had not returned before the following birth or prior to the interview were included in PPAMHMOC_ALL. By contrast, only women whose menses had resumed were included in the similar variable PPAMHMO_ALL. PPAMHMOC_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (PPAMHMOC_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., PPAMHMOC_02, PPAMHMOC_03, PPAMHMOC_04, PPAMHMOC_05, and PPAMHMOC_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If PPAMHMOC_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. The maximum period allowed during the data editing (by the survey administrators) was the interval between the date of birth of the child and the date of conception of the following child (with birth date minus nine months used for the date of conception) or the date of interview if there was no following birth. For DHS Phase II forward, inconsistent durations based on the original reporting of the duration of amenorrhea were recoded to "Inconsistent" (96 in IPUMS-DHS). In cases where the duration was one month longer than the interval, the duration was shortened by one month, consistent with Phase I. For Model "A" countries in Phase II only, if the duration of postpartum amenorrhea extended into the following pregnancy in the calendar, the duration was shortened to the start of the following pregnancy. 1 PPAMHMOC_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Months of postpartum amenorrhea (including women still amenorrheic) (last birth) 421. For how many months after the birth of (NAME) did you not have your period? MONTHS ____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 PPAMHMOC_01 (M9_1) reports the duration, in months, of postpartum amenorrhea after the birth of the child (for the last birth), for women who gave birth in the last three to five years. Women whose period had not returned before the following birth or prior to the interview were included in PPAMHMOC_01. By contrast, only women whose menses had resumed were included in the similar variable PPAMHMO_01. The maximum period allowed during the data editing (by the survey administrators) was the interval between the date of birth of the child and the date of conception of the following child (with birth date minus nine months used for the date of conception) or the date of interview if there was no following birth. For DHS Phase II forward, inconsistent durations based on the original reporting of the duration of amenorrhea were recoded to "Inconsistent" (96 in IPUMS-DHS). In cases where the duration was one month longer than the interval, the duration was shortened by one month, consistent with Phase I. For Model "A" countries in Phase II only, if the duration of postpartum amenorrhea extended into the following pregnancy in the calendar, the duration was shortened to the start of the following pregnancy. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Months of postpartum amenorrhea (including women still amenorrheic) (second to last birth) 421. For how many months after the birth of (NAME) did you not have your period? MONTHS ____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Months of postpartum amenorrhea (including women still amenorrheic) (third to last birth) 421. For how many months after the birth of (NAME) did you not have your period? MONTHS ____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Months of postpartum amenorrhea (including women still amenorrheic) (fourth to last birth) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Months of postpartum amenorrhea (including women still amenorrheic) (fifth to last birth) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Months of postpartum amenorrhea (including women still amenorrheic) (sixth to last birth) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flag variable for postpartum amenorrhea PPAMFLAG_ALL (M28_x) reports the type of problem, if any, found in editing data on the duration of postpartum amenorrhea, for women who gave birth in the last three to five years. Cases with no known problem are coded 0. PPAMFLAG_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (PPAMFLAG_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., PPAMFLAG_02, PPAMFLAG_03, PPAMFLAG_04, PPAMFLAG_05, and PPAMFLAG_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If PPAMFLAG_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then PPAMFLAG_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. For discussion of the editing rules implemented (by the survey administrators) for data on postpartum amenorrhea, see PPAMHMO_ALL and PPAMHMOC_ALL, 1 PPAMFLAG_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flag variable for postpartum amenorrhea (last birth) PPAMFLAG_01 (M28_1) reports the type of problem, if any, found in editing data on the duration of postpartum amenorrhea (for the last birth), for women who gave birth in the last three to five years. Cases with no known problem are coded 0. For discussion of the editing rules implemented (by the survey administrators) for data on postpartum amenorrhea, see PPAMHMO_01 and PPAMHMOC_01, 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and succeeding birth 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 4 During pregnancy in calendar 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flag variable for postpartum amenorrhea (second to last birth) 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and succeeding birth 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 4 During pregnancy in calendar 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flag variable for postpartum amenorrhea (third to last birth) 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and succeeding birth 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 4 During pregnancy in calendar 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flag variable for postpartum amenorrhea (fourth to last birth) 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and succeeding birth 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 4 During pregnancy in calendar 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flag variable for postpartum amenorrhea (fifth to last birth) 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and succeeding birth 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 4 During pregnancy in calendar 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flag variable for postpartum amenorrhea (sixth to last birth) 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and succeeding birth 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 4 During pregnancy in calendar 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Duration of postpartum abstinence (in months) 423. Have you begun to have sexual intercourse again since the birth of (NAME)? [ONLY ASK FOR MOST RECENT BIRTH] YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 425) For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, PPABMO_ALL (M8_x) indicates the duration, in months, of postpartum abstinence. Women who were still abstaining at the time of interview were excluded from PPABMO_ALL, but they are included in the similar variable PPABMOC_ALL. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the maximum period allowed during the data editing was the interval between the date of birth of the child and the date of conception of the following child (with date of birth minus nine months used for the date of conception) or until the date of interview if there was no following birth. Cases exceeding this duration were left with the original response, but are coded with one of the flag codes on PPABFLAG_ALL and are coded as "Inconsistent" on PPABMOC_ALL. PPABMO_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (PPABMO_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., PPABMO_02, PPABMO_03, PPABMO_04, PPABMO_05, and PPABMO_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If PPABMO_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then PPABMO_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 PPABMO_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Duration of postpartum abstinence (in months) (last birth) 423. Have you begun to have sexual intercourse again since the birth of (NAME)? [ONLY ASK FOR MOST RECENT BIRTH] YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 425) See PPABMO_ALL. 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 40 days 95 Still abstaining 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Duration of postpartum abstinence (in months) (second to last birth) 423. Have you begun to have sexual intercourse again since the birth of (NAME)? [ONLY ASK FOR MOST RECENT BIRTH] YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 425) 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 40 days 95 Still abstaining 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Duration of postpartum abstinence (in months) (third to last birth) 423. Have you begun to have sexual intercourse again since the birth of (NAME)? [ONLY ASK FOR MOST RECENT BIRTH] YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 425) 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 40 days 95 Still abstaining 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Duration of postpartum abstinence (in months) (fourth to last birth) 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 40 days 95 Still abstaining 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Duration of postpartum abstinence (in months) (fifth to last birth) 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 40 days 95 Still abstaining 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Duration of postpartum abstinence (in months) (sixth to last birth) 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 40 days 95 Still abstaining 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Months of postpartum abstinence (including women still abstaining) 423. Have you begun to have sexual intercourse again since the birth of (NAME)? [ONLY ASK FOR MOST RECENT BIRTH] YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 425) For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, PPABMOC_ALL (M9_x) reports their calculated months of postpartum abstinence, including the duration for women who were still abstaining at the time of the interview. The similar variable PPABMO_ALL also reports the calculated months of postpartum abstinence but excludes women who were still abstaining when interviewed. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the maximum period allowed during the data editing was the interval between the date of birth of the child and the date of conception of the following child (with date of birth minus nine months used for the date of conception) or until the date of interview if there was no following birth. Cases exceeding this duration are coded with one of the flag codes on PPABFLAG_ALL and are coded as "Inconsistent" in PPABMOC_ALL. PPABMOC_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (PPABMOC_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., PPABMOC_02, PPABMOC_03, PPABMOC_04, PPABMOC_05, and PPABMOC_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If PPABMOC_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then PPABMOC_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 PPABMOC_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Months of postpartum abstinence (including women still abstaining) (last birth) 423. Have you begun to have sexual intercourse again since the birth of (NAME)? [ONLY ASK FOR MOST RECENT BIRTH] YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 425) For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, PPABMOC_01 (M9_1) reports their calculated months of postpartum abstinence (after the last birth), including the duration for women who were still abstaining at the time of the interview. The similar variable PPABMO_01 also reports the calculated months of postpartum abstinence but excludes women who were still abstaining when interviewed. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the maximum period allowed during the data editing was the interval between the date of birth of the child and the date of conception of the following child (with date of birth minus nine months used for the date of conception) or until the date of interview if there was no following birth. Cases exceeding this duration are coded with one of the flag codes on PPABFLAG_01 and are coded as "Inconsistent" in PPABMOC_01. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Months of postpartum abstinence (including women still abstaining) (second to last birth) 423. Have you begun to have sexual intercourse again since the birth of (NAME)? [ONLY ASK FOR MOST RECENT BIRTH] YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 425) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Months of postpartum abstinence (including women still abstaining) (third to last birth) 423. Have you begun to have sexual intercourse again since the birth of (NAME)? [ONLY ASK FOR MOST RECENT BIRTH] YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 425) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Months of postpartum abstinence (including women still abstaining) (fourth to last birth) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Months of postpartum abstinence (including women still abstaining) (fifth to last birth) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Months of postpartum abstinence (including women still abstaining) (sixth to last birth) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flag variable for postpartum abstinence PPABFLAG_ALL (M29_x) is a flag variable reporting the type of problem found when editing responses about the duration of postpartum abstinence (in PPABMO_ALL), for women who had resumed sexual relations after a birth in the past three to five years. A code of 0 indicates no problem with the original response. PPABFLAG_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (PPABFLAG_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., PPABFLAG_02, PPABFLAG_03, PPABFLAG_04, PPABFLAG_05, and PPABFLAG_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If PPAMFLAG_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then PPABFLAG_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 PPABFLAG_ALL available General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flag variable for postpartum abstinence (last birth) PPABFLAG_01 (M29_1) is a flag variable reporting the type of problem found when editing responses about the duration of postpartum abstinence (in PPABMO_01), for women who had resumed sexual relations after their last birth in the past three to five years. A code of 0 indicates no problem with the original response. 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and succeeding birth 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 4 During pregnancy in calendar 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flag variable for postpartum abstinence (second to last birth) 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and succeeding birth 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 4 During pregnancy in calendar 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flag variable for postpartum abstinence (third to last birth) 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and succeeding birth 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 4 During pregnancy in calendar 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flag variable for postpartum abstinence (fourth to last birth) 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and succeeding birth 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 4 During pregnancy in calendar 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flag variable for postpartum abstinence (fifth to last birth) 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and succeeding birth 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 4 During pregnancy in calendar 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Flag variable for postpartum abstinence (sixth to last birth) 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and succeeding birth 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 4 During pregnancy in calendar 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Number of children in maternity history 402. ENTER THE LINE NUMBER, NAME, AND SURVIVAL STATUS FOR EACH BIRTH SINCE JANUARY 1994 IN THE REPRODUCTION TABLE. ASK THE QUESTIONS FOR ALL BIRTHS BEGINNING WITH THE LAST BIRTH. (IF THERE ARE MORE THAN 2 BIRTHS, USE LAST COLUMN OF ADDITIONAL QUESTIONNAIRES.) MATERNITYIDX (V417) reports the number of entries in the pregnancy and postnatal care history for a female respondent. This number is typically equal to the number of births in the three (BIRTHSTOT3YR (V238)) or five (BIRTHSIN5YRS (V208) years before the survey. While there is, theoretically, no limit to the number of births recorded in BIRTHSTOT3YR and BIRTHSIN5YRS, MATERNITYIDX is actually limited to the number of columns that can be completed on the survey form. In most cases, MATERNITYIDX is capped at six. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Number of children in immunization/health history SECTION 4B. VACCINATION AND HEALTH 440. WRITE THE LINE NUMBER, NAME, AND SURVIVAL STATUS OF EACH BIRTH SINCE JANUARY 1994 RECORDED IN THE REPRODUCTION TABLE. ASK THE QUESTIONS FOR EACH BIRTH STARTING WITH THE MOST RECENT. (IF THERE ARE MORE THAN 2 BIRTHS, USE AN ADDITIONAL QUESTIONNAIRE.) [441-465 ARE REPEATED FOR EACH BIRTH, BEGINNING WITH THE MOST RECENT BIRTH. IF MORE THAN 2 BIRTHS, USE LAST COLUMN OF ADDITIONAL QUESTIONNAIRES.] HEALTHIDX (V418) reports the number of entries (number of children) in the health or immunization history. This number is typically equal to the number of births in the three (BIRTHSTOT3YR (V238)) or five (BIRTHSIN5YRS (V208) years before the survey. While there is, theoretically, no limit to the number of births recorded in BIRTHSTOT3YR and BIRTHSIN5YRS, HEALTHIDX is actually limited to the number of columns that can be completed on the survey form. In most cases, HEALTHIDX is capped at six. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Number of children in height and weight table 1002. LINE NUMBER ACCORDING TO 212. [FOR CHILDREN ONLY] _____ BIOIDX (V419) reports the number of entries (number of children) in the height and weight table. This number is typically equal to the number of births in the three (BIRTHSTOT3YR (V238)) or five (BIRTHSIN5YRS (V208) years before the survey. While there is, theoretically, no limit to the number of births recorded in BIRTHSTOT3YR and BIRTHSIN5YRS, BIOIDX is actually limited to the number of columns on the survey form that can be completed. In most cases, BIOIDX is capped at six. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Times child fed any solid, semi-solid, or soft foods in past 24 hours 437. Besides breast milk, how many times did (NAME) eat yesterday, including meals and snacks? IF 7 TIMES OR MORE, RECORD '7'. NUMBER OF TIMES ____ DOESN'T KNOW 8 FEDANY24HX_ALL (M39_x) reports how many times the women gave her child any solid, semi-solid, or soft foods during the previous day, either at night or during the daytime. The related variable FEDANY24H_ALL (M39A_x) indicates whether the woman gave her child any solid, semi-solid, or soft foods in the previous 24 hours. FEDANY24HX_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (FEDANY24HX_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., FEDANY24HX_02, FEDANY24HX_03, FEDANY24HX_04, FEDANY24HX_05, and FEDANY24HX_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If FEDANY24HX_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For Phase VI forward, information for this variable was collected on the youngest surviving child under age 2. If the respondent's last-born child had died but the second-to-last child was still alive, FEDANY24HX_02 would indicate whether the respondent's second-to-last child was given solid, semi-solid, or soft foods only if the last-born child had died. Data were hypothetically collected on up to the sixth-most-recent birth, but if no women in the survey had 6 births and the 5 most recent had died, FEDANY24HX_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. In previous phases, information was collected on all surviving children, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then FEDANY24HX_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 FEDANY24HX_ALL available Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Times child fed any solid, semi-solid, or soft foods in past 24 hours (last birth) 437. Besides breast milk, how many times did (NAME) eat yesterday, including meals and snacks? IF 7 TIMES OR MORE, RECORD '7'. NUMBER OF TIMES ____ DOESN'T KNOW 8 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7+ 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Times child fed any solid, semi-solid, or soft foods in past 24 hours (second to last birth) 437. Besides breast milk, how many times did (NAME) eat yesterday, including meals and snacks? IF 7 TIMES OR MORE, RECORD '7'. NUMBER OF TIMES ____ DOESN'T KNOW 8 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7+ 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Times child fed any solid, semi-solid, or soft foods in past 24 hours (second to last birth) 437. Besides breast milk, how many times did (NAME) eat yesterday, including meals and snacks? IF 7 TIMES OR MORE, RECORD '7'. NUMBER OF TIMES ____ DOESN'T KNOW 8 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7+ 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Times child fed any solid, semi-solid, or soft foods in past 24 hours (second to last birth) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7+ 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Times child fed any solid, semi-solid, or soft foods in past 24 hours (second to last birth) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7+ 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Times child fed any solid, semi-solid, or soft foods in past 24 hours (second to last birth) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7+ 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Times mother breastfed child during previous night 432. How many times did you breastfeed last night between sunset and sunrise? IF ANSWER IS NOT NUMERIC, PROBE FOR APPROXIMATE ANSWER. NUMBER OF NIGHTTIME FEEDINGS _____ For women who gave birth in the last three to five years and whose child is still breastfeeding, BRSFEDNITE_ALL (M35_x) reports how many times the mother breastfed the child the previous night between sunset and sunrise. BRSFEDNITE_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (BRSFEDNITE_01) up to, potentially, the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., BRSFEDNITE_02, BRSFEDNITE_03, BRSFEDNITE_04, BRSFEDNITE_05, and BRSFEDNITE_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If BRSFEDNITE_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. The information in BRSFEDNITE_ALL was collected for all births within the reference period preceding the survey. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then BRSFEDNITE_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. Many surveys, specified in the Comparability section, collected this information for the last-born child only (BRSFEDNITE_01). 1 BRSFEDNITE_ALL available Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Times mother breastfed child during previous night (last birth) 432. How many times did you breastfeed last night between sunset and sunrise? IF ANSWER IS NOT NUMERIC, PROBE FOR APPROXIMATE ANSWER. NUMBER OF NIGHTTIME FEEDINGS _____ For women who gave birth in the last three to five years and whose last-born child is still breastfeeding, BRSFEDNITE_01 (M35_1) reports how many times the mother breastfed the child the previous night between sunset and sunrise (for the last birth). 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 96 On demand 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Times mother breastfed child during previous night (second to last birth) 432. How many times did you breastfeed last night between sunset and sunrise? IF ANSWER IS NOT NUMERIC, PROBE FOR APPROXIMATE ANSWER. NUMBER OF NIGHTTIME FEEDINGS _____ 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 96 On demand 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Times mother breastfed child during previous night (third to last birth) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 96 On demand 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Times mother breastfed child during previous night (fourth to last birth) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 96 On demand 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Times mother breastfed child during previous day 433. How many times did you breastfeed yesterday during the daylight hours? IF ANSWER IS NOT NUMERIC, PROBE FOR APPROXIMATE ANSWER. NUMBER OF DAYTIME FEEDINGS _____ For women who gave birth in the last three to five years and whose young child is still breastfeeding, BRSFEDAY_ALL (M36_x) reports how many times she breastfed the child the previous day during daylight hours. BRSFEDAY_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (BRSFEDAY_01) up to, potentially, the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., BRSFEDAY_02, BRSFEDAY_03, BRSFEDAY_04, BRSFEDAY_05, and BRSFEDAY_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If BRSFEDAY_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. The information in BRSFEDAY_ALL was collected for all births within the reference period preceding the survey. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then BRSFEDAY_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. Many surveys, specified in the Comparison section, collected this information for only the last-born child (BRSFEDAY_01). 1 BRSFEDAY_ALL available Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Times mother breastfed child during previous day (last birth) 433. How many times did you breastfeed yesterday during the daylight hours? IF ANSWER IS NOT NUMERIC, PROBE FOR APPROXIMATE ANSWER. NUMBER OF DAYTIME FEEDINGS _____ See BRSFEDAY_ALL. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 95 On demand, non-numeric response 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Times mother breastfed child during previous day (second to last birth) 433. How many times did you breastfeed yesterday during the daylight hours? IF ANSWER IS NOT NUMERIC, PROBE FOR APPROXIMATE ANSWER. NUMBER OF DAYTIME FEEDINGS _____ 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 95 On demand, non-numeric response 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Times mother breastfed child during previous day (third to last birth) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 95 On demand, non-numeric response 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Times mother breastfed child during previous day (fourth to last birth) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 95 On demand, non-numeric response 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Times mother breastfed last child during previous night 432. How many times did you breastfeed last night between sunset and sunrise? IF ANSWER IS NOT NUMERIC, PROBE FOR APPROXIMATE ANSWER. NUMBER OF NIGHTTIME FEEDINGS _____ For women who gave birth in the last three to five years and whose last-born child is still breastfeeding, BFEEDNITE (V407) reports how many times the mother breastfed that child the previous night between sunset and sunrise. When women are the unit of analysis, IPUMS-DHS users may also use BRSFEDNITE_01 (M35_01), which reports how many times the woman breastfed her last-born child the previous night. When children are the unit of analysis, BFEEDNITE describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all young children of the mother to be coded the same way. Thus, a response of a certain number of times in BFEEDNITE does not necessarily indicate that a particular child whose record is being analyzed was breastfed that many times during the previous night. IPUMS-DHS users should instead employ, when available, the variable BRSFEDNITE (M35) to determine how many times the specific child under analysis was breastfed during the previous night. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40+ 96 On demand 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Times mother breastfed last child during previous day 433. How many times did you breastfeed yesterday during the daylight hours? IF ANSWER IS NOT NUMERIC, PROBE FOR APPROXIMATE ANSWER. NUMBER OF DAYTIME FEEDINGS _____ For women who gave birth in the last three to five years and whose last-born child is still breastfeeding, BFEEDAY (V408) reports how many times the mother breastfed that child the previous day during daylight hours. When women are the unit of analysis, IPUMS-DHS users may also use BRSFEDAY_01 (M36_01), which reports how many times the woman breastfed her last-born child the previous day during daylight hours. When children are the unit of analysis, BFEEDAY describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all young children of the mother to be coded the same way. Thus, a response of a certain number of times in BFEEDAY does not necessarily indicate that a child whose record is being analyzed was personally breastfed that many times during the previous day. IPUMS-DHS users should instead employ, when available, the variable BRSFEDAY (M36) to determine how many times the specific child under analysis was breastfed during the previous day. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40+ 95 On demand, non-numeric response 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Drank from bottle with nipple in last day or night 434. Did (NAME) drink anything from a bottle yesterday or last night? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years and whose young child was still alive, BRSFEDBOT_ALL (M38_x) indicates whether the child drank anything from a bottle with a nipple during the previous day and night. BRSFEDBOT_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (BRSFEDBOT_01) up to, potentially, the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., BRSFEDBOT_02, BRSFEDBOT_03, BRSFEDBOT_04, BRSFEDBOT_05, and BRSFEDBOT_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If BRSFEDBOT_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. The information in BRSFEDBOT_ALL was collected for all births within the reference period preceding the survey. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then BRSFEDBOT_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. Some surveys, specified in the Comparison section, collected this information for only the last-born child (BRSFEDBOT_01). 1 BRSFEDBOT_ALL available Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Drank from bottle with nipple in last day or night (last birth) 434. Did (NAME) drink anything from a bottle yesterday or last night? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years and whose last birth was still alive, BRSFEDBOT_01 (M38_01) indicates whether the last-born child drank anything from a bottle with a nipple during the previous day and night. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Drank from bottle with nipple in last day or night (second to last birth) 434. Did (NAME) drink anything from a bottle yesterday or last night? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Drank from bottle with nipple in last day or night (third to last birth) 434. Did (NAME) drink anything from a bottle yesterday or last night? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Drank from bottle with nipple in last day or night (fourth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Drank from bottle with nipple in last day or night (fifth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Drank from bottle with nipple in last day or night (sixth to last birth) 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Mother fed last-born child from bottle with nipple in last day or night 434. Did (NAME) drink anything from a bottle yesterday or last night? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years and whose last-born child is still alive, BOTTLE24H (V415) indicates whether the last-born child drank anything from a bottle with a nipple during the previous day and night. When women are the unit of analysis, IPUMS-DHS users may also use BRSFEDBOT_01 (M38_01), which also indicates whether the woman gave her last-born child anything from a bottle with a nipple during the previous day and night. When children are the unit of analysis, BOTTLE24H describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all young children of the mother to be coded the same way. If the mother reported that she fed her last-born child with a bottle with a nipple during the previous day or night, all of her children in the data are coded as "yes," including any children who have died or who live elsewhere. When children are the unit of analysis, a positive response in BOTTLE24H thus does not necessarily indicate that a particular child was actually fed with a bottle with a nipple during the previous day or night. IPUMS-DHS users should instead employ, when available, the variable BRSFEDBOT (M38) to determine whether the specific child in question actually drank anything from a bottle with a nipple during the previous day and night. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Woman currently breastfeeding any child 428. Are you still breastfeeding (NAME)? YES 1 (GO TO 432) NO 2 BFEEDANYNOW (V404) indicates whether the woman is currently breastfeeding. If no child was born in the last three to five years, the respondent is assumed to not be breastfeeding. When children or births are the unit of analysis, this variable describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all children of the mother to be coded the same way. This variable has some variation in how current breastfeeding is determined. See Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Duration of breastfeeding in months (including still breastfed) 429. For how many months did you breastfeed (NAME)? MONTHS ____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, BRSFEDMO_ALL (M5_x) reports the calculated months of breastfeeding for a birth, including cases where 1) the woman was still breastfeeding at the time of the interview or 2) the child had been breastfed until its death. Cases in these two categories were excluded from the related variable BRSFEDUR_ALL on the duration of breastfeeding. For DHS Phase II forward, inconsistent durations based on the original report of the duration of breastfeeding were coded as "Inconsistent." In cases where the reported duration was one month longer than the relevant interval, duration was shortened by one month. If the duration of breastfeeding exceeded the child's age at death, the duration of breastfeeding was changed to the age at death. BRSFEDMO_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (BRSFEDMO_01) up to, potentially, the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., BRSFEDMO_02, BRSFEDMO_03, BRSFEDMO_04, BRSFEDMO_05, and BRSFEDMO_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If BRSFEDMO_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. The information in BRSFEDMO_ALL was collected for all births within the reference period preceding the survey. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then BRSFEDMO_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. 1 BRSFEDMO_ALL available Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Duration of breastfeeding in months (including still breastfed) (last birth) 429. For how many months did you breastfeed (NAME)? MONTHS ____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 See BRSFEDMO_ALL. 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60(+) 92 Ever breastfed, not currently breastfeeding 93 Missing: Not asked (child died) 94 Never breastfed 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Duration of breastfeeding in months (including still breastfed) (second to last birth) 429. For how many months did you breastfeed (NAME)? MONTHS ____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 92 Ever breastfed, not currently breastfeeding 93 Missing: Not asked (child died) 94 Never breastfed 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Duration of breastfeeding in months (including still breastfed) (third to last birth) 429. For how many months did you breastfeed (NAME)? MONTHS ____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 92 Ever breastfed, not currently breastfeeding 93 Missing: Not asked (child died) 94 Never breastfed 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Duration of breastfeeding in months (including still breastfed) (fourth to last birth) 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 92 Ever breastfed, not currently breastfeeding 93 Missing: Not asked (child died) 94 Never breastfed 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Duration of breastfeeding in months (including still breastfed) (fifth to last birth) 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 92 Ever breastfed, not currently breastfeeding 93 Missing: Not asked (child died) 94 Never breastfed 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Duration of breastfeeding in months (including still breastfed) (sixth to last birth) 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 92 Ever breastfed, not currently breastfeeding 93 Missing: Not asked (child died) 94 Never breastfed 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Duration of breastfeeding in months 429. For how many months did you breastfeed (NAME)? MONTHS ____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 BRSFEDUR_ALL (M4_x) reports the calculated months of breastfeeding, for women who gave birth in the last three to five years and were no longer breastfeeding the child. BRSFEDUR_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (BRSFEDUR_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., BRSFEDUR_02, BRSFEDUR_03, BRSFEDUR_04, BRSFEDUR_05, and BRSFEDUR_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If BRSFEDUR_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then BRSFEDUR_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. The related variable BRSFEDMO_ALL differs by including women who were still breastfeeding at the time of the interview. The variable BRSFEDCAT_ALL provides categorical information about breastfeeding, reporting whether the woman ever breastfed, and, if so, whether she is still breastfeeding. The maximum period allowed for BRSFEDUR_ALL during the data editing (by survey administrators) was the interval between the date of birth of the child and the date of interview. For Phase I, cases that exceeded the allowed maximum period were set to "Inconsistent." For Phase II forward, inconsistent durations were left in place, but such cases were flagged in BRSFDFLAG_ALL and were set to "Inconsistent" in BRSFEDMO_ALL. In Phase II only, for Model "A" countries, the "breastfed until died" category was not used. 1 BRSFEDUR_ALL available Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Duration of breastfeeding in months (last birth) 429. For how many months did you breastfeed (NAME)? MONTHS ____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 See BRSFEDUR_ALL. 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 Breastfed until died 92 Ever breastfed, not currently breastfeeding 93 Not asked (child died) 94 Never breastfed 95 Still breastfeeding 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Duration of breastfeeding in months (second to last birth) 429. For how many months did you breastfeed (NAME)? MONTHS ____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 Breastfed until died 92 Ever breastfed, not currently breastfeeding 93 Not asked (child died) 94 Never breastfed 95 Still breastfeeding 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Duration of breastfeeding in months (third to last birth) 429. For how many months did you breastfeed (NAME)? MONTHS ____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 Breastfed until died 92 Ever breastfed, not currently breastfeeding 93 Not asked (child died) 94 Never breastfed 95 Still breastfeeding 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Duration of breastfeeding in months (fourth to last birth) 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 Breastfed until died 92 Ever breastfed, not currently breastfeeding 93 Not asked (child died) 94 Never breastfed 95 Still breastfeeding 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Duration of breastfeeding in months (fifth to last birth) 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 Breastfed until died 92 Ever breastfed, not currently breastfeeding 93 Not asked (child died) 94 Never breastfed 95 Still breastfeeding 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Duration of breastfeeding in months (sixth to last birth) 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 Breastfed until died 92 Ever breastfed, not currently breastfeeding 93 Not asked (child died) 94 Never breastfed 95 Still breastfeeding 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Flag for breastfeeding, problem with duration For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, BRSFDFLAG_ALL (M27_x) is a flag variable that indicates the type of problem, if any, found in editing the duration of breastfeeding. Cases without a problem are coded 0. BRSFDFLAG_ALL consists of a set of up to six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (BRSFDFLAG_01) up to, potentially, the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., BRSFDFLAG_02, BRSFDFLAG_03, BRSFDFLAG_04, BRSFDFLAG_05, and BRSFDFLAG_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If BRSFDFLAG_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. The information in BRSFDFLAG_ALL was collected for all births within the reference period preceding the survey. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then BRSFDFLAG_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. For duration of breastfeeding, see BRSFEDUR_ALL (M4_x). 1 BRSFDFLAG_ALL available Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Flag for breastfeeding, problem with duration (last birth) For women who gave birth in the last three to five years, BRSFDFLAG_01 (M27_01) is a flag variable that indicates the type of problem, if any, found in editing the duration of breastfeeding. Cases without a problem are coded 0. For duration of breastfeeding, see BRSFEDUR_01 (M4_01). 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 3 Greater than interval between birth and age at death 4 During pregnancy in calendar 9 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Flag for breastfeeding, problem with duration (second to last birth) 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 3 Greater than interval between birth and age at death 4 During pregnancy in calendar 9 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Flag for breastfeeding, problem with duration (third to last birth) 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 3 Greater than interval between birth and age at death 4 During pregnancy in calendar 9 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Flag for breastfeeding, problem with duration (fourth to last birth) 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 3 Greater than interval between birth and age at death 4 During pregnancy in calendar 9 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Flag for breastfeeding, problem with duration (fifth to last birth) 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 3 Greater than interval between birth and age at death 4 During pregnancy in calendar 9 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Flag for breastfeeding, problem with duration (sixth to last birth) 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 3 Greater than interval between birth and age at death 4 During pregnancy in calendar 9 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Time from birth until child first breastfed 426. How long after birth did you first put (NAME) to the breast? IF LESS THAN 1 HOUR, RECORD '00' HOURS. IF LESS THAN 24 HOURS, RECORD HOURS. OTHERWISE, RECORD DAYS. IMMEDIATELY 000 HOURS 1 _____ DAYS 2 _____ For women who gave birth in the three to five years preceding the survey and who ever breastfed the infant, BRSFEDST_ALL (M34_x) reports the length of time between the birth and when the woman first breastfed her child. Following DHS convention, intervals reported in hours are coded with a "1" in the first digit, and intervals reported in days are coded with a "2" in the first digit. BRSFEDST_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (BRSFEDST_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., BRSFEDST_02, BRSFEDST_03, BRSFEDST_04, BRSFEDST_05, and BRSFEDST_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If BRSFEDST_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then BRSFEDST_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. Many surveys, noted in the Comparability section, collected this information for the last-born child only. 1 BRSFEDST_ALL available Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Time from birth until child first breastfed (last birth) 426. How long after birth did you first put (NAME) to the breast? IF LESS THAN 1 HOUR, RECORD '00' HOURS. IF LESS THAN 24 HOURS, RECORD HOURS. OTHERWISE, RECORD DAYS. IMMEDIATELY 000 HOURS 1 _____ DAYS 2 _____ For women who gave birth in the three to five years preceding the survey and who ever breastfed the infant, BRSFEDST_01 (M34_1) reports the length of time between the birth and when the woman first breastfed her child (for the last birth). Following DHS convention, intervals reported in hours are coded with a "1" in the first digit, and intervals reported in days are coded with a "2" in the first digit. 000 Immediately 100 Within 1 hour 101 1 hour 102 2 hours 103 3 104 4 105 5 106 6 107 7 108 8 109 9 110 10 111 11 112 12 113 13 114 14 115 15 116 16 117 17 118 18 119 19 120 20 121 21 122 22 123 23 124 24 125 25 126 26 127 27 128 28 129 29 130 30 131 31 132 32 133 33 134 34 135 35 136 36 137 37 138 38 139 39 140 40 141 41 142 42 143 43 144 44 145 45 146 46 147 47 148 48 149 49 150 50 160 60 170 70 180 80 190 90 199 Hours, number unspecified 200 Same day 201 1 day 202 2 days 203 3 204 4 205 5 206 6 207 7 208 8 209 9 210 10 211 11 212 12 213 13 214 14 215 15 216 16 217 17 218 18 219 19 220 20 221 21 222 22 223 23 224 24 225 25 226 26 227 27 228 28 229 29 230 30 231 31 232 32 233 33 234 34 235 35 236 36 237 37 238 38 239 39 240 40 241 41 242 42 243 43 244 44 245 45 246 46 247 47 248 48 249 49 250 50 251 51 252 52 253 53 254 54 255 55 256 56 257 57 258 58 259 59 260 60 261 61 262 62 263 63 264 64 265 65 266 66 267 67 268 68 269 69 270 70 271 71 272 72 273 73 274 74 275 75 276 76 277 77 278 78 279 79 280 80 281 81 282 82 283 83 284 84 285 85 286 86 287 87 288 88 289 89 290 90 291 91 292 92 293 93 294 94 295 95 296 96 297 97 298 98 299 Days, number unspecified 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Time from birth until child first breastfed (second to last birth) 426. How long after birth did you first put (NAME) to the breast? IF LESS THAN 1 HOUR, RECORD '00' HOURS. IF LESS THAN 24 HOURS, RECORD HOURS. OTHERWISE, RECORD DAYS. IMMEDIATELY 000 HOURS 1 _____ DAYS 2 _____ 000 Immediately 100 Within 1 hour 101 1 hour 102 2 hours 103 3 104 4 105 5 106 6 107 7 108 8 109 9 110 10 111 11 112 12 113 13 114 14 115 15 116 16 117 17 118 18 119 19 120 20 121 21 122 22 123 23 124 24 125 25 126 26 127 27 128 28 129 29 130 30 131 31 132 32 133 33 134 34 135 35 136 36 137 37 138 38 139 39 140 40 141 41 142 42 143 43 144 44 145 45 146 46 147 47 148 48 149 49 150 50 160 60 170 70 180 80 190 90 199 Hours, number unspecified 200 Same day 201 1 day 202 2 days 203 3 204 4 205 5 206 6 207 7 208 8 209 9 210 10 211 11 212 12 213 13 214 14 215 15 216 16 217 17 218 18 219 19 220 20 221 21 222 22 223 23 224 24 225 25 226 26 227 27 228 28 229 29 230 30 231 31 232 32 233 33 234 34 235 35 236 36 237 37 238 38 239 39 240 40 241 41 242 42 243 43 244 44 245 45 246 46 247 47 248 48 249 49 250 50 251 51 252 52 253 53 254 54 255 55 256 56 257 57 258 58 259 59 260 60 261 61 262 62 263 63 264 64 265 65 266 66 267 67 268 68 269 69 270 70 271 71 272 72 273 73 274 74 275 75 276 76 277 77 278 78 279 79 280 80 281 81 282 82 283 83 284 84 285 85 286 86 287 87 288 88 289 89 290 90 291 91 292 92 293 93 294 94 295 95 296 96 297 97 298 98 299 Days, number unspecified 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Time from birth until child first breastfed (third to last birth) 426. How long after birth did you first put (NAME) to the breast? IF LESS THAN 1 HOUR, RECORD '00' HOURS. IF LESS THAN 24 HOURS, RECORD HOURS. OTHERWISE, RECORD DAYS. IMMEDIATELY 000 HOURS 1 _____ DAYS 2 _____ 000 Immediately 100 Within 1 hour 101 1 hour 102 2 hours 103 3 104 4 105 5 106 6 107 7 108 8 109 9 110 10 111 11 112 12 113 13 114 14 115 15 116 16 117 17 118 18 119 19 120 20 121 21 122 22 123 23 124 24 125 25 126 26 127 27 128 28 129 29 130 30 131 31 132 32 133 33 134 34 135 35 136 36 137 37 138 38 139 39 140 40 141 41 142 42 143 43 144 44 145 45 146 46 147 47 148 48 149 49 150 50 160 60 170 70 180 80 190 90 199 Hours, number unspecified 200 Same day 201 1 day 202 2 days 203 3 204 4 205 5 206 6 207 7 208 8 209 9 210 10 211 11 212 12 213 13 214 14 215 15 216 16 217 17 218 18 219 19 220 20 221 21 222 22 223 23 224 24 225 25 226 26 227 27 228 28 229 29 230 30 231 31 232 32 233 33 234 34 235 35 236 36 237 37 238 38 239 39 240 40 241 41 242 42 243 43 244 44 245 45 246 46 247 47 248 48 249 49 250 50 251 51 252 52 253 53 254 54 255 55 256 56 257 57 258 58 259 59 260 60 261 61 262 62 263 63 264 64 265 65 266 66 267 67 268 68 269 69 270 70 271 71 272 72 273 73 274 74 275 75 276 76 277 77 278 78 279 79 280 80 281 81 282 82 283 83 284 84 285 85 286 86 287 87 288 88 289 89 290 90 291 91 292 92 293 93 294 94 295 95 296 96 297 97 298 98 299 Days, number unspecified 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Time from birth until child first breastfed (fourth to last birth) 000 Immediately 100 Within 1 hour 101 1 hour 102 2 hours 103 3 104 4 105 5 106 6 107 7 108 8 109 9 110 10 111 11 112 12 113 13 114 14 115 15 116 16 117 17 118 18 119 19 120 20 121 21 122 22 123 23 124 24 125 25 126 26 127 27 128 28 129 29 130 30 131 31 132 32 133 33 134 34 135 35 136 36 137 37 138 38 139 39 140 40 141 41 142 42 143 43 144 44 145 45 146 46 147 47 148 48 149 49 150 50 160 60 170 70 180 80 190 90 199 Hours, number unspecified 200 Same day 201 1 day 202 2 days 203 3 204 4 205 5 206 6 207 7 208 8 209 9 210 10 211 11 212 12 213 13 214 14 215 15 216 16 217 17 218 18 219 19 220 20 221 21 222 22 223 23 224 24 225 25 226 26 227 27 228 28 229 29 230 30 231 31 232 32 233 33 234 34 235 35 236 36 237 37 238 38 239 39 240 40 241 41 242 42 243 43 244 44 245 45 246 46 247 47 248 48 249 49 250 50 251 51 252 52 253 53 254 54 255 55 256 56 257 57 258 58 259 59 260 60 261 61 262 62 263 63 264 64 265 65 266 66 267 67 268 68 269 69 270 70 271 71 272 72 273 73 274 74 275 75 276 76 277 77 278 78 279 79 280 80 281 81 282 82 283 83 284 84 285 85 286 86 287 87 288 88 289 89 290 90 291 91 292 92 293 93 294 94 295 95 296 96 297 97 298 98 299 Days, number unspecified 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Time from birth until child first breastfed (fifth to last birth) 000 Immediately 100 Within 1 hour 101 1 hour 102 2 hours 103 3 104 4 105 5 106 6 107 7 108 8 109 9 110 10 111 11 112 12 113 13 114 14 115 15 116 16 117 17 118 18 119 19 120 20 121 21 122 22 123 23 124 24 125 25 126 26 127 27 128 28 129 29 130 30 131 31 132 32 133 33 134 34 135 35 136 36 137 37 138 38 139 39 140 40 141 41 142 42 143 43 144 44 145 45 146 46 147 47 148 48 149 49 150 50 160 60 170 70 180 80 190 90 199 Hours, number unspecified 200 DAYS 201 1 day 202 2 days 203 3 204 4 205 5 206 6 207 7 208 8 209 9 210 10 211 11 212 12 213 13 214 14 215 15 216 16 217 17 218 18 219 19 220 20 221 21 222 22 223 23 224 24 225 25 226 26 227 27 228 28 229 29 230 30 231 31 232 32 233 33 234 34 235 35 236 36 237 37 238 38 239 39 240 40 241 41 242 42 243 43 244 44 245 45 246 46 247 47 248 48 249 49 250 50 251 51 252 52 253 53 254 54 255 55 256 56 257 57 258 58 259 59 260 60 261 61 262 62 263 63 264 64 265 65 266 66 267 67 268 68 269 69 270 70 271 71 272 72 273 73 274 74 275 75 276 76 277 77 278 78 279 79 280 80 281 81 282 82 283 83 284 84 285 85 286 86 287 87 288 88 289 89 290 90 291 91 292 92 293 93 294 94 295 95 296 96 297 97 298 98 299 Days, number unspecified 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Time from birth until child first breastfed (sixth to last birth) 000 Immediately 100 Within 1 hour 101 1 hour 102 2 hours 103 3 104 4 105 5 106 6 107 7 108 8 109 9 110 10 111 11 112 12 113 13 114 14 115 15 116 16 117 17 118 18 119 19 120 20 121 21 122 22 123 23 124 24 125 25 126 26 127 27 128 28 129 29 130 30 131 31 132 32 133 33 134 34 135 35 136 36 137 37 138 38 139 39 140 40 141 41 142 42 143 43 144 44 145 45 146 46 147 47 148 48 149 49 150 50 160 60 170 70 180 80 190 90 199 Hours, number unspecified 200 DAYS 201 1 day 202 2 days 203 3 204 4 205 5 206 6 207 7 208 8 209 9 210 10 211 11 212 12 213 13 214 14 215 15 216 16 217 17 218 18 219 19 220 20 221 21 222 22 223 23 224 24 225 25 226 26 227 27 228 28 229 29 230 30 231 31 232 32 233 33 234 34 235 35 236 36 237 37 238 38 239 39 240 40 241 41 242 42 243 43 244 44 245 45 246 46 247 47 248 48 249 49 250 50 251 51 252 52 253 53 254 54 255 55 256 56 257 57 258 58 259 59 260 60 261 61 262 62 263 63 264 64 265 65 266 66 267 67 268 68 269 69 270 70 271 71 272 72 273 73 274 74 275 75 276 76 277 77 278 78 279 79 280 80 281 81 282 82 283 83 284 84 285 85 286 86 287 87 288 88 289 89 290 90 291 91 292 92 293 93 294 94 295 95 296 96 297 97 298 98 299 Days, number unspecified 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS When mother first put last-born child to breast 426. How long after birth did you first put (NAME) to the breast? IF LESS THAN 1 HOUR, RECORD '00' HOURS. IF LESS THAN 24 HOURS, RECORD HOURS. OTHERWISE, RECORD DAYS. IMMEDIATELY 000 HOURS 1 _____ DAYS 2 _____ For women who gave birth in the last three to five years and breastfed their last-born child, BFEEDST (V426) reports the length of time between the birth and when the woman first breastfed her last-born child. Following DHS convention, intervals reported in hours are coded with a "1" in the first digit, and intervals reported in days are coded with a "2" in the first digit. When women are the unit of analysis, IPUMS-DHS users may also use BRSFEDST_01 (M34_1), which also reports the length of time between the birth and when the woman first breastfed her child (for the last birth). When children are the unit of analysis, BFEEDST describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all young children of the mother to be coded the same way. Thus, a response of a certain number of hours or days in BFEEDST does not necessarily indicate that a particular child whose record is being analyzed was first breastfed after that amount of time. IPUMS-DHS users should instead employ, when available, the variable BRSFEDST (M34) to determine the length of time between the specific child's birth and when that child was first breastfed. 000 Immediately 100 Within first hour 101 1 hour 102 2 hours 103 3 hours 104 4 hours 105 5 hours 106 6 hours 107 7 hours 108 8 hours 109 9 hours 110 10 hours 111 11 hours 112 12 hours 113 13 hours 114 14 hours 115 15 hours 116 16 hours 117 17 hours 118 18 hours 119 19 hours 120 20 hours 121 21 hours 122 22 hours 123 23 hours 124 24 hours 125 25 hours 126 26 hours 127 27 hours 128 28 hours 129 29 hours 130 30 hours 131 31 hours 132 32 hours 133 33 hours 134 34 hours 135 35 hours 136 36 hours 137 37 hours 138 38 hours 139 39 hours 140 40 hours 141 41 hours 142 42 hours 143 43 hours 144 44 hours 145 45 hours 146 46 hours 147 47 hours 148 48 hours 149 49 hours 150 50 hours 151 51 hours 152 52 hours 153 53 hours 154 54 hours 155 55 hours 156 56 hours 157 57 hours 158 58 hours 159 59 hours 160 60 hours 161 61 hours 162 62 hours 163 63 hours 164 64 hours 165 65 hours 166 66 hours 167 67 hours 168 68 hours 169 69 hours 170 70 hours 171 71 hours 172 72 hours 173 73 hours 174 74 hours 175 75 hours 176 76 hours 177 77 hours 178 78 hours 179 79 hours 180 80 hours 181 81 hours 182 82 hours 183 83 hours 184 84 hours 185 85 hours 186 86 hours 187 87 hours 188 88 hours 189 89 hours 190 90 hours 199 Hours: Number missing 200 Within first day 201 1 day 202 2 days 203 3 days 204 4 days 205 5 days 206 6 days 207 7 days 208 8 days 209 9 days 210 10 days 211 11 days 212 12 days 213 13 days 214 14 days 215 15 days 216 16 days 217 17 days 218 18 days 219 19 days 220 20 days 221 21 days 222 22 days 223 23 days 224 24 days 225 25 days 226 26 days 227 27 days 228 28 days 229 29 days 230 30 days 231 31 days 232 32 days 233 33 days 234 34 days 235 35 days 236 36 days 237 37 days 238 38 days 239 39 days 240 40 days 241 41 days 242 42 days 243 43 days 244 44 days 245 45 days 246 46 days 247 47 days 248 48 days 249 49 days 250 50 days 251 51 days 252 52 days 253 53 days 254 54 days 255 55 days 256 56 days 257 57 days 258 58 days 259 59 days 260 60 days 261 61 days 262 62 days 263 63 days 264 64 days 265 65 days 266 66 days 267 67 days 268 68 days 269 69 days 270 70 days 271 71 days 272 72 days 273 73 days 274 74 days 275 75 days 276 76 days 277 77 days 278 78 days 279 79 days 280 80 days 281 81 days 282 82 days 283 83 days 284 84 days 285 85 days 286 86 days 287 87 days 288 88 days 289 89 days 290 90 days 299 Days: Number missing 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Reason stopped breastfeeding 430. Why did you stop breastfeeding (NAME)? MOTHER SICK/WEAK 01 CHILD SICK/WEAK 02 CHILD DIED 03 PROBLEMS WITH BREASTS 04 INSUFFICIENT MILK 05 MOTHER WORKS 06 CHILD REFUSED 07 WEANING AGE 08 BECAME PREGNANT 09 BEGAN USING CONTRACEPTION 10 OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 96 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years and stopped breastfeeding their child, WHYSTBRFD_ALL (M21_x) reports why they stopped breastfeeding. Children who were breastfed until they died are coded 13 (Child died) as the reason for stopping breastfeeding. WHYSTBRFD_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (WHYSTBRFD_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., WHYSTBRFD_02, WHYSTBRFD_03, WHYSTBRFD_04, WHYSTBRFD_05, and WHYSTBRFD_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If WHYSTBRFD_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file. For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then WHYSTBRFD_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS. Some surveys, specified in the Comparability section, collected this information for the last-born child only. 1 WHYSTBRFD_ALL available Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Reason stopped breastfeeding (last child) 430. Why did you stop breastfeeding (NAME)? MOTHER SICK/WEAK 01 CHILD SICK/WEAK 02 CHILD DIED 03 PROBLEMS WITH BREASTS 04 INSUFFICIENT MILK 05 MOTHER WORKS 06 CHILD REFUSED 07 WEANING AGE 08 BECAME PREGNANT 09 BEGAN USING CONTRACEPTION 10 OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 96 See WHYSTBRFD_ALL. 10 Health problem 11 Mother ill or weak 12 Child ill or weak 13 Child died 14 Child had diarrhea 15 Improve child health 20 Breastmilk problem 21 Nipple, breast problem 22 Insufficient milk 30 Mother busy 31 Mother working 32 Mother at school 33 Inconvenient 40 Child's attitude 41 Child refused 42 Child refused food 43 Child preferred bottle 50 Weaning age 60 Reproductive/family planning reason 61 Became pregnant 62 Started using method 63 Wanted to start method 64 Wanted another child 70 Other reason 71 Husband disapproved 72 Mother's figure concern 95 Other 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know if ever breastfed 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Reason stopped breastfeeding (second to last child) 430. Why did you stop breastfeeding (NAME)? MOTHER SICK/WEAK 01 CHILD SICK/WEAK 02 CHILD DIED 03 PROBLEMS WITH BREASTS 04 INSUFFICIENT MILK 05 MOTHER WORKS 06 CHILD REFUSED 07 WEANING AGE 08 BECAME PREGNANT 09 BEGAN USING CONTRACEPTION 10 OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 96 95 Other 72 Mother's figure concern 71 Husband disapproved 70 Other reason 64 Wanted another child 63 Wanted to start method 62 Started using method 61 Became pregnant 60 Reproductive/family planning reason 50 Weaning age 43 Child preferred bottle 42 Child refused food 41 Child refused 40 Child's attitude 33 Inconvenient 32 Mother at school 31 Mother working 30 Mother busy 22 Insufficient milk 21 Nipple, breast problem 10 Health problem 11 Mother ill or weak 12 Child ill or weak 13 Child died 14 Child had diarrhea 15 Improve child health 20 Breastmilk problem 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know if ever breastfed 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Reason stopped breastfeeding (third to last child) 430. Why did you stop breastfeeding (NAME)? MOTHER SICK/WEAK 01 CHILD SICK/WEAK 02 CHILD DIED 03 PROBLEMS WITH BREASTS 04 INSUFFICIENT MILK 05 MOTHER WORKS 06 CHILD REFUSED 07 WEANING AGE 08 BECAME PREGNANT 09 BEGAN USING CONTRACEPTION 10 OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 96 95 Other 72 Mother's figure concern 71 Husband disapproved 70 Other reason 64 Wanted another child 63 Wanted to start method 62 Started using method 61 Became pregnant 60 Reproductive/family planning reason 50 Weaning age 43 Child preferred bottle 42 Child refused food 41 Child refused 40 Child's attitude 33 Inconvenient 32 Mother at school 31 Mother working 30 Mother busy 22 Insufficient milk 21 Nipple, breast problem 10 Health problem 11 Mother ill or weak 12 Child ill or weak 13 Child died 14 Child had diarrhea 15 Improve child health 20 Breastmilk problem 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know if ever breastfed 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Reason stopped breastfeeding (fourth to last child) 95 Other 72 Mother's figure concern 71 Husband disapproved 70 Other reason 64 Wanted another child 63 Wanted to start method 62 Started using method 61 Became pregnant 60 Reproductive/family planning reason 50 Weaning age 43 Child preferred bottle 42 Child refused food 41 Child refused 40 Child's attitude 33 Inconvenient 32 Mother at school 31 Mother working 30 Mother busy 22 Insufficient milk 21 Nipple, breast problem 10 Health problem 11 Mother ill or weak 12 Child ill or weak 13 Child died 14 Child had diarrhea 15 Improve child health 20 Breastmilk problem 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know if ever breastfed 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Reason stopped breastfeeding (fifth to last child) 95 Other 72 Mother's figure concern 71 Husband disapproved 70 Other reason 64 Wanted another child 63 Wanted to start method 62 Started using method 61 Became pregnant 60 Reproductive/family planning reason 50 Weaning age 43 Child preferred bottle 42 Child refused food 41 Child refused 40 Child's attitude 33 Inconvenient 32 Mother at school 31 Mother working 30 Mother busy 22 Insufficient milk 21 Nipple, breast problem 10 Health problem 11 Mother ill or weak 12 Child ill or weak 13 Child died 14 Child had diarrhea 15 Improve child health 20 Breastmilk problem 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know if ever breastfed 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Reason stopped breastfeeding (sixth to last child) 95 Other 72 Mother's figure concern 71 Husband disapproved 70 Other reason 64 Wanted another child 63 Wanted to start method 62 Started using method 61 Became pregnant 60 Reproductive/family planning reason 50 Weaning age 43 Child preferred bottle 42 Child refused food 41 Child refused 40 Child's attitude 33 Inconvenient 32 Mother at school 31 Mother working 30 Mother busy 22 Insufficient milk 21 Nipple, breast problem 10 Health problem 11 Mother ill or weak 12 Child ill or weak 13 Child died 14 Child had diarrhea 15 Improve child health 20 Breastmilk problem 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know if ever breastfed 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Heard of ORS for diarrhea treatment 470. Have you ever heard of a product called ORS/OVIDA you can get for the treatment of diarrhea? YES 1 NO 2 DIATRORSHEARD (V416) indicates whether the woman ever heard of using an oral rehydration solution (ORS) to treat diarrhea. ORS generally consists of drinking water with the addition of sugar and salt (in a homemade solution) or a commercial mixture of salt, glucose, potassium chloride, and sodium bicarbonate added to clean water. 10 No 20 Yes 21 Used ORS 22 Heard of ORS 23 Recognized ORS packet 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) ORS treatment Variables -- TOPICS Amount children should be given to eat with diarrhea 466. When a child has diarrhea, should he/she be given less than usual to eat, about the same amount as usual, or more than usual? LESS TO EAT 1 ABOUT THE SAME 2 MORE TO EAT 3 DOESN'T KNOW 8 DIASHOULDEAT (V449) reports the respondent's beliefs about the amount of food a child with diarrhea should be given (more, less, or same amount as usual). 1 Less to eat 2 Same amount to eat 3 More to eat 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Amount children should be given to drink with diarrhea 465. When a child has diarrhea, should he/she be given less than usual to drink, about the same amount as usual, or more than usual? LESS TO DRINK 1 ABOUT THE SAME 2 MORE TO DRINK 3 DOESN'T KNOW 8 DIASHOULDRINK (V448) reports the respondent's beliefs about the amount of fluid a child with diarrhea should be given (more, less, or same amount as usual). 1 Less to drink 2 Same amount to drink 3 More to drink 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Repeated watery stools 467. When a child suffers from diarrhea, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. REPEATED LIQUID STOOLS A LIQUID STOOLS B REPEATED VOMITING C VOMITING D BLOOD IN STOOL E FEVER F PRONOUNCED THIRST G DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z DIATRREPWATERY indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that repeated watery stools indicated a child sick with diarrhea should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, repeated watery stools 8 Missing Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Any watery stools 467. When a child suffers from diarrhea, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. REPEATED LIQUID STOOLS A LIQUID STOOLS B REPEATED VOMITING C VOMITING D BLOOD IN STOOL E FEVER F PRONOUNCED THIRST G DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z DIATRANYWATERY (V450B) indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that any watery stools indicated a child sick with diarrhea should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, any watery stools 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Repeated vomiting 467. When a child suffers from diarrhea, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. REPEATED LIQUID STOOLS A LIQUID STOOLS B REPEATED VOMITING C VOMITING D BLOOD IN STOOL E FEVER F PRONOUNCED THIRST G DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z DIATRREPVOMIT (V450C) indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that repeated vomiting indicated a child sick with diarrhea should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, repeated vomiting 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Any vomiting 467. When a child suffers from diarrhea, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. REPEATED LIQUID STOOLS A LIQUID STOOLS B REPEATED VOMITING C VOMITING D BLOOD IN STOOL E FEVER F PRONOUNCED THIRST G DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z DIATRANYVOMIT indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that any vomiting indicated a child sick with diarrhea should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, any vomiting 8 Missing Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Blood in stools 467. When a child suffers from diarrhea, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. REPEATED LIQUID STOOLS A LIQUID STOOLS B REPEATED VOMITING C VOMITING D BLOOD IN STOOL E FEVER F PRONOUNCED THIRST G DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z DIATRBLOODST (V450E) indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, blood in stools indicated a child sick with diarrhea should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, blood in stools 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Fever 467. When a child suffers from diarrhea, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. REPEATED LIQUID STOOLS A LIQUID STOOLS B REPEATED VOMITING C VOMITING D BLOOD IN STOOL E FEVER F PRONOUNCED THIRST G DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z DIATRFEVER (V450F) indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that fever indicated a child sick with diarrhea should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, fever 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Marked thirst 467. When a child suffers from diarrhea, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. REPEATED LIQUID STOOLS A LIQUID STOOLS B REPEATED VOMITING C VOMITING D BLOOD IN STOOL E FEVER F PRONOUNCED THIRST G DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z DIATRTHIRST (V450G) indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that marked thirst indicated a child sick with diarrhea should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, marked thirst 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Not eating or drinking well 467. When a child suffers from diarrhea, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. REPEATED LIQUID STOOLS A LIQUID STOOLS B REPEATED VOMITING C VOMITING D BLOOD IN STOOL E FEVER F PRONOUNCED THIRST G DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z DIATRNOTEAT (V450H) indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that not eating or not drinking well indicated a child sick with diarrhea should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, not eating well 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Getting sicker or very sick 467. When a child suffers from diarrhea, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. REPEATED LIQUID STOOLS A LIQUID STOOLS B REPEATED VOMITING C VOMITING D BLOOD IN STOOL E FEVER F PRONOUNCED THIRST G DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z DIATRSICKER indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that the child getting sicker or being very sick from diarrhea indicated s/he should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, getting sicker 8 Missing Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Not getting better 467. When a child suffers from diarrhea, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. REPEATED LIQUID STOOLS A LIQUID STOOLS B REPEATED VOMITING C VOMITING D BLOOD IN STOOL E FEVER F PRONOUNCED THIRST G DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z DIATRNOTBETR (V450J) indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that not getting better indicated a child sick with diarrhea should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, not getting better 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Other 467. When a child suffers from diarrhea, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. REPEATED LIQUID STOOLS A LIQUID STOOLS B REPEATED VOMITING C VOMITING D BLOOD IN STOOL E FEVER F PRONOUNCED THIRST G DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z DIATROTHER (V450X) indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, some "other" indication that a child sick with diarrhea should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. The meaning of "other" depends on the specific responses included for a given survey. 0 No 1 Yes, other 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Don't know 467. When a child suffers from diarrhea, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. REPEATED LIQUID STOOLS A LIQUID STOOLS B REPEATED VOMITING C VOMITING D BLOOD IN STOOL E FEVER F PRONOUNCED THIRST G DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z DIATRDK indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that she did not know any signs that a child sick with diarrhea should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, don't know 8 Missing Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs cough needs treatment: Fast breathing 468. When a child suffers from a cough, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RAPID BREATHING A DIFFICULTY BREATHING B NOISY BREATHING C FEVER D UNABLE TO DRINK E DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z COUTRFASTBREATH indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that fast breathing indicated a child sick with a cough should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, fast breathing 8 Missing Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs cough needs treatment: Difficult breathing 468. When a child suffers from a cough, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RAPID BREATHING A DIFFICULTY BREATHING B NOISY BREATHING C FEVER D UNABLE TO DRINK E DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z COUTRDIFBREATH indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that difficulty breathing indicated a child sick with a cough should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, difficult breathing 8 Missing Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs cough needs treatment: Noisy breathing 468. When a child suffers from a cough, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RAPID BREATHING A DIFFICULTY BREATHING B NOISY BREATHING C FEVER D UNABLE TO DRINK E DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z COUTRNOISBREATH indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that noisy breathing indicated that a child sick with a cough should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, noisy breathing 8 Missing Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs cough needs treatment: Fever 468. When a child suffers from a cough, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RAPID BREATHING A DIFFICULTY BREATHING B NOISY BREATHING C FEVER D UNABLE TO DRINK E DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z COUTRFEVER indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that fever indicated a child sick with a cough should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, fever 8 Missing Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs cough needs treatment: Unable to drink 468. When a child suffers from a cough, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RAPID BREATHING A DIFFICULTY BREATHING B NOISY BREATHING C FEVER D UNABLE TO DRINK E DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z COUTRNOTDRINK indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that being unable to drink/nurse indicated a child sick with a cough should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, unable to drink 8 Missing Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs cough needs treatment: Not eat/drink 468. When a child suffers from a cough, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RAPID BREATHING A DIFFICULTY BREATHING B NOISY BREATHING C FEVER D UNABLE TO DRINK E DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z COUTRNOTEAT indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that not eating or not drinking well indicated a child sick with a cough should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, not eat/drink 8 Missing Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs cough needs treatment: Getting sicker 468. When a child suffers from a cough, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RAPID BREATHING A DIFFICULTY BREATHING B NOISY BREATHING C FEVER D UNABLE TO DRINK E DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z COUTRSICKER indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that the child getting sicker or being very sick from illness with a cough indicated the child should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, getting sicker 8 Missing Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs cough needs treatment: Not getting better 468. When a child suffers from a cough, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RAPID BREATHING A DIFFICULTY BREATHING B NOISY BREATHING C FEVER D UNABLE TO DRINK E DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z COUTRNOTBETR indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that not getting better indicated a child sick with a cough should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, not getting better 8 Missing Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs cough needs treatment: Other 468. When a child suffers from a cough, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RAPID BREATHING A DIFFICULTY BREATHING B NOISY BREATHING C FEVER D UNABLE TO DRINK E DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z COUTROTHER indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, some "other" indication that a child sick with a cough should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. The meaning of "other" depends on the specific responses included for a given survey. 0 No 1 Yes, other 8 Missing Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs cough needs treatment: Don't know 468. When a child suffers from a cough, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RAPID BREATHING A DIFFICULTY BREATHING B NOISY BREATHING C FEVER D UNABLE TO DRINK E DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z COUTRDK indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that she did not know any indication that a child sick with a cough should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No, knows some sign 1 Yes, doesn't know any sign 8 Missing Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Code of person measuring children's height and weight 1011. NAME OF OPERATOR: _________ NAME OF ASSISTANT: ___________ For women who gave birth in the three to five years before the survey, BIOMEASCODE (V420) reports the code assigned to the person measuring their children's height and weight. Codes are sample-specific; a given numeric code in one sample refers to a different person than the same numeric code in another sample. Using the measurer and assistant measurer (BIOASSTMEASCODE (V421)) codes, researchers can evaluate whether the quality of responses (e.g., the number of "out of range" cases) depended on the person measuring the children. 99999 NIU (not in universe) 99998 Missing 99997 Don't know 99996 Inconsistent 99995 No living children under 5 Female biometrics, general Variables -- TOPICS Code of assistant measurer 1011. NAME OF OPERATOR: _________ NAME OF ASSISTANT: ___________ For women who gave birth in the three to five years before the survey, BIOASSTMEASCODE (V421) reports the code assigned to the assistant measurer of their children's height and weight. Codes are sample-specific; a given numeric code in one sample refers to a different person than the same numeric code in another sample. Using the measurer (BIOMEASCODE (V420)) and assistant measurer codes, researchers can evaluate whether the quality of responses (e.g., the number of "out of range" cases) depended on the person measuring the children. 9992 Child's mother 9993 Household member 9994 Other 9995 No living children under 5 9996 Inconsistent 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Female biometrics, general Variables -- TOPICS Weight of woman (kilos) 1008. WEIGHT (IN KILOGRAMS) KG ____ WEIGHTFEM (V437) reports the woman's weight as measured by DHS personnel. There is one implied decimal place in the weight. Dividing WEIGHTFEM by 10 will yield the woman's measured weight in kilograms. 9994 Not present 9995 Refused 9996 Other 9997 Out of plausible range 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Height of woman in centimeters 1006. HEIGHT (IN CENTIMETERS) CM _____ HEIGHTFEM (V438) reports the woman's height as measured by DHS personnel. HEIGHTFEM values are reported in millimeters, to preserve one centimeter decimal place without requiring the use of a decimal point. Dividing HEIGHTFEM by 10 will yield the woman's measured height in centimeters. 9994 Not present 9995 Refused 9996 Other 9997 Out of plausible range 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Height for age percentile for respondents to women's survey 1006. HEIGHT (IN CENTIMETERS) CM _____ BIOFHTAPCT (V439) reports the respondent's height-for-age percentile, based on smoothed percentile growth charts by age and sex developed by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control. The reference standard contains data for children up to age 18. For all women age 18 and over, the value for 215 months (17 years, 11 months) is used, based on the assumption that women are fully grown by age18. HEIGHTFEM (V438) reports the respondent's length or height as measured by DHS personnel. 9995 Flagged cases 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Height for age standard deviations from the reference median (for respondents to female survey) 1006. HEIGHT (IN CENTIMETERS) CM _____ BIOFHTASDRM (V440) reports the difference between the respondent's height and the median height of a reference population of the same age and sex, expressed in units equal to one standard deviation of the reference population's distribution. An anthropometry measure expressed in reference standard deviation units is also known as a Z-score. BIOFHTASDRM values are reported in units equal to 100 times the Z-score, to preserve two decimal places without requiring the use of a decimal point. Dividing BIOFHTASDRM by 100 will yield the height-for-age Z-score (HAZ) value. The reference standard contains data for children up to age 18. For all women age 18 and over, the value of 215 months (17 years, 11 months) is used, based on the assumption that women are fully grown by age 18. HEIGHTFEM (V438) reports the respondent's length or height, as measured by DHS personnel. The complementary DHS variable BIOFHTAPCT (V439) reports the respondent's height-for-age percentile within the same reference population used in BIOFHTASDRM. The complementary DHS variable BIOFHTAPCTRM (V441) reports the respondent's height-for-age as a percentage of the median of the same reference population. Unlike z-scores, percentiles do not allow comparison across age and sex and cannot assess longitudinal change in growth status. 9995 Flagged cases 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Height for Age percent of reference median for respondents to female survey 1006. HEIGHT (IN CENTIMETERS) CM _____ BIOFHTAPCTRM (V441) reports the respondent's height-for-age as a percent of the median height for a reference population of the same age and sex. For this variable, the reference population was developed by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control. The reference standard contains data for children up to age 18. For all women age 18 and over, the value of 215 months (17 years, 11 months) is used, based on the assumption that women are fully grown by age 18. HEIGHTFEM (V438) reports the respondent's length or height as measured by DHS personnel. The related variable BIOFHTAPCT (V439) reports the respondent's height-for-age percentile relative to smoothed percentile growth charts by age and sex, for the same reference population. 99995 Flagged cases 99998 Missing 99999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Weight for height percent of reference median (DHS) (respondents to women's survey) 1008. WEIGHT (IN KILOGRAMS) KG ____ BIOFWTHTRMDHS (V442) reports the respondent's weight-for-height as a percent of the median weight for a reference population of the same height. For this variable, the reference population was developed by the DHS Program. This index has been adjusted for pregnant women according to duration of pregnancy. The following variables report the respondent's weight for height as a percent of the median weight for different reference populations: BIOFWTHTRMFOG (V443) uses Metropolitan Life or Fogarty reference standards BIOFWTHTRMWHO (V444) uses WHO reference standards 99995 Flagged cases 99998 Missing 99999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Weight for height percent of reference median (MetLife or Fogarty) (respondents to women's survey) 1008. WEIGHT (IN KILOGRAMS) KG ____ BIOFWTHTRMFOG (V443) reports the respondent's weight-for-height as a percent of the median weight for a reference population of the same height. This variable uses the Metropolitan Life or Fogarty reference standard. This index has been adjusted for pregnant women according to duration of pregnancy. The following variables report the respondent's weight for height as a percent of the median weight for different reference populations: BIOFWTHTRMDHS (V442) uses a DHS reference standard BIOFWTHTRMWHO (V444) uses the WHO reference standard 99995 Flagged cases 99998 Missing 99999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Weight for height percent of reference median (WHO) (respondents to women's survey) 1008. WEIGHT (IN KILOGRAMS) KG ____ BIOFWTHTRMWHO (V444) reports the respondent's weight-for-height as a percent of the median weight for a reference population of the same height. This variable uses the World Health Organization (WHO) reference standard. This index has been adjusted for pregnant women according to duration of pregnancy. The following variables report the respondent's weight for height as a percent of the median weight for different reference populations: BIOFWTHTRMDHS (V442) uses a DHS reference standard BIOFWTHTRMFOG (V444) uses the Metropolitan Life or Fogarty reference standard 99995 Flagged cases 99998 Missing 99999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Weight for height standard deviations from the reference median (DHS) (respondents to female survey) 1008. WEIGHT (IN KILOGRAMS) KG ____ BIOFWTHTSDRM (V444A) reports the difference between the respondent's weight and the median weight of a reference population of the same height and sex, expressed in units equal to one standard deviation of the reference population's distribution. This variable uses a DHS reference standard. An anthropometry measure expressed in reference standard deviation units is also known as a Z-score. BIOFWTHTSDRM values are reported in units equal to 100 times the Z-score, to preserve two decimal places without requiring the use of a decimal point. Dividing BIOFWTHTSDRM by 100 will yield the height-for-age Z-score (HAZ) value. The complementary DHS variable BIOFWTHTPCTDHS (V442) reports weight-for-height percentiles within the same reference population. Unlike z-scores, percentiles do not allow comparison across age and sex and cannot assess longitudinal change in growth status; users are advised to consult anthropometry literature for further discussion. 9995 Flagged cases 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Body Mass Index (BMI) for respondents to the women's survey 1008. WEIGHT (IN KILOGRAMS) KG ____ BIOFBMI (V445) reports the female respondent's body mass index (BMI). BMI is an anthropometric measure relating weight to height, equal to body weight (kilograms) divided by height (meters) squared (W/(H^2)). Also known as the Quetelet Index, BMI is a measure of acute nutritional status, based on the Fogarty Metropolitan Life tables of ideal weight for height. The DHS Guide to Statistics offers the following guidelines for interpreting BMI scores for women age 15-49: Severely thin: less than 16.0 Moderately thin: 16.0 to 16.9 Mildly thin: 17.0 to 18.4 Normal: 18.5 to 24.9 Overweight: 25.0 to 29.9 Obese: 30.0 or more The original height and weight values used to calculate BMI are also included in IPUMS-DHS. WEIGHTFEM (V437) reports the respondent's weight in kilograms, as measured by DHS personnel; HEIGHTFEM (V438) reports the person's length or height in centimeters, as measured by DHS personnel. For an alternate measure of female nutrition, IPUMS-DHS users may also be interested in BIOFROHRER (V446), which reports the respondent's Rohrer's Index. This measure is equal to body weight (kilograms) divided by height (meters) cubed (W/(H^3)). 9995 Flagged cases 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Rohrer's index (mass/height cubed) (for respondents to female survey) 1008. WEIGHT (IN KILOGRAMS) KG ____ BIOFROHRER (V446) reports the respondent's Rohrer's Index. Rohrer's Index is an anthropometric measure relating weight to height, equal to body weight (kilograms) divided by height (meters) cubed (W/(H^3)). Rohrer's Index is a measure of acute nutritional status, and may be used as an alternative to Body Mass Index. The original height and weight values used to calculate Rohrer's Index are also included in IPUMS-DHS. WEIGHTFEM (V437) reports the respondent's weight in kilograms as measured by DHS personnel; HEIGHTFEM (V438) reports their length or height in centimeters as measured by DHS personnel. For an alternate measure of female nutrition, IPUMS-DHS users may also be interested in BIOFBMI (V445), which reports the respondent's Body Mass Index (BMI), which is equal to body weight (kilograms) divided by height (meters) squared (W/(H^2)). 9995 Flagged cases 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Result of measurement of the respondent 1010. RESULT FOR MOTHER MEASURED 1 ABSENT 3 REFUSED 4 OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ 6 RESULT FOR CHILDREN CHILD MEASURED 1 CHILD SICK 2 CHILD ABSENT 3 CHILD REFUSED 4 MOTHER REFUSED 5 OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ 6 BIOFWHYNOTMEAS (V447) indicates whether the respondent was measured for height and weight, or, if not, why she was not measured. All "Not measured" responses have a common first digit of "1," while the second digit reveals the reason (e.g., sick, not present, refused). 00 Measured 10 Not measured 11 Sick 12 Not present 13 Refused 14 Incapacitated 15 Technical problems 19 Other 20 No measurement found in household 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Soil type SOIL reports the predominant soil type within a 5-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The soil attributes reported in SOIL are: soil class (e.g., Leptosols), with 30 class categories, and soil type within that class (e.g., Lithic Leptosols). SOIL is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. SOIL is based on data from SoilGrids [URL omitted from DDI.]. SoilGrids is a system for automated soil mapping based on global soil profile and covariate data. There are 118 different soil types in the world according to SoilGrids [URL omitted from DDI.]. For the full list of codes and their meaning, see the soil legend [URL omitted from DDI.]. SOIL, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -998 Missing 0001 Haplic Acrisols 0002 Haplic Acrisols (Alumic) 0003 Haplic Acrisols (Ferric) 0004 Haplic Acrisols (Humic) 0005 Plinthic Acrisols 0006 Vetic Acrisols 0007 Haplic Albeluvisols 0008 Histic Albeluvisols 0009 Umbric Albeluvisols 0010 Cutanic Alisols 0011 Haplic Alisols 0012 Aluandic Andosols 0013 Haplic Andosols 0014 Vitric Andosols 0015 Albic Arenosols 0016 Ferralic Arenosols 0017 Haplic Arenosols 0018 Haplic Arenosols (Calcaric) 0019 Hypoluvic Arenosols 0020 Protic Arenosols 0021 Haplic Calcisols 0022 Haplic Calcisols (Sodic) 0023 Luvic Calcisols 0024 Petric Calcisols 0025 Endogleyic Cambisols 0026 Ferralic Cambisols 0027 Haplic Cambisols 0028 Haplic Cambisols (Calcaric) 0029 Haplic Cambisols (Chromic) 0030 Haplic Cambisols (Dystric) 0031 Haplic Cambisols (Eutric) 0032 Haplic Cambisols (Humic) 0033 Haplic Cambisols (Sodic) 0034 Leptic Cambisols 0035 Vertic Cambisols 0036 Calcic Chernozems 0037 Haplic Chernozems 0038 Luvic Chernozems 0039 Haplic Cryosols 0040 Turbic Cryosols 0041 Vitric Cryosols 0042 Petric Durisols 0043 Acric Ferralsols 0044 Haplic Ferralsols 0045 Haplic Ferralsols (Rhodic) 0046 Haplic Ferralsols (Xanthic) 0047 Umbric Ferralsols 0048 Haplic Fluvisols 0049 Haplic Fluvisols (Arenic) 0050 Haplic Fluvisols (Calcaric) 0051 Haplic Fluvisols (Dystric) 0052 Haplic Fluvisols (Eutric) 0053 Calcic Gleysols 0054 Haplic Gleysols 0055 Haplic Gleysols (Dystric) 0056 Haplic Gleysols (Eutric) 0057 Mollic Gleysols 0058 Umbric Gleysols 0059 Calcic Gypsisols 0060 Haplic Gypsisols 0061 Calcic Histosols 0062 Cryic Histosols 0063 Fibric Histosols 0064 Hemic Histosols 0065 Sapric Histosols 0066 Calcic Kastanozems 0067 Haplic Kastanozems 0068 Haplic Leptosols 0069 Haplic Leptosols (Eutric) 0070 Lithic Leptosols 0071 Mollic Leptosols 0072 Rendzic Leptosols 0073 Haplic Lixisols 0074 Haplic Lixisols (Chromic) 0075 Haplic Lixisols (Ferric) 0076 Albic Luvisols 0077 Calcic Luvisols 0078 Gleyic Luvisols 0079 Haplic Luvisols 0080 Haplic Luvisols (Chromic) 0081 Haplic Luvisols (Ferric) 0082 Leptic Luvisols 0083 Stagnic Luvisols 0084 Vertic Luvisols 0085 Alic Nitisols 0086 Haplic Nitisols (Rhodic) 0087 Haplic Phaeozems 0088 Leptic Phaeozems 0089 Luvic Phaeozems 0090 Endogleyic Planosols 0091 Haplic Planosols (Dystric) 0092 Haplic Planosols (Eutric) 0093 Luvic Planosols 0094 Solodic Planosols 0095 Acric Plinthosols 0096 Lixic Plinthosols 0097 Gleyic Podzols 0098 Haplic Podzols 0099 Aric Regosols 0100 Calcaric Regosols 0101 Haplic Regosols (Dystric) 0102 Haplic Regosols (Eutric) 0103 Haplic Regosols (Sodic) 0104 Leptic Regosols 0105 Gypsic Solonchaks 0106 Haplic Solonchaks 0107 Haplic Solonchaks (Sodic) 0108 Calcic Solonetz 0109 Gleyic Solonetz 0110 Haplic Solonetz 0111 Mollic Solonetz 0112 Luvic Stagnosols 0113 Haplic Umbrisols 0114 Leptic Umbrisols 0115 Calcic Vertisols 0116 Haplic Vertisols 0117 Haplic Vertisols (Eutric) 0118 Mollic Vertisols Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Ecoregion of household ECOREGION reports the predominant terrestrial ecoregion within a 5-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. ECOREGION reports the biogeographic region (e.g., Afrotropic), the habitat type (e.g., tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands), and the ecoregion (e.g., East Sudanian savanna) that are associated with each cluster location. ECOREGION is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. There are 825 terrestrial ecoregions in the world. Ecoregions are relatively large units of land containing distinct assemblages of natural communities and species, with boundaries that approximate the original extent of natural communities prior to major land-use change. The 5-digit codes in ECOREGION (e.g., 30129) include a 1-digit realm code (with 8 possible values), followed by a 2-digit biome code (with 14 possible values), and then a 2-digit ecoregion number. For the full list of codes and their meaning, see the ecoregion legend [URL omitted from DDI.]. ECOREGION, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -0998 Missing 10101 Admiralty Islands lowland rain forests 10102 Banda Sea Islands moist deciduous forests 10103 Biak-Numfoor rain forests 10104 Buru rain forests 10105 Central Range montane rain forests 10106 Halmahera rain forests 10107 Huon Peninsula montane rain forests 10108 Yapen rain forests 10109 Lord Howe Island subtropical forests 10110 Louisiade Archipelago rain forests 10111 New Britain-New Ireland lowland rain forests 10112 New Britain-New Ireland montane rain forests 10113 New Caledonia rain forests 10114 Norfolk Island subtropical forests 10115 Northern New Guinea lowland rain and freshwater swamp forests 10116 Northern New Guinea montane rain forests 10117 Queensland tropical rain forests 10118 Seram rain forests 10119 Solomon Islands rain forests 10120 Southeastern Papuan rain forests 10121 Southern New Guinea freshwater swamp forests 10122 Southern New Guinea lowland rain forests 10123 Sulawesi lowland rain forests 10124 Sulawesi montane rain forests 10125 Trobriand Islands rain forests 10126 Vanuatu rain forests 10127 Vogelkop montane rain forests 10128 Vogelkop-Aru lowland rain forests 10201 Lesser Sundas deciduous forests 10202 New Caledonia dry forests 10203 Sumba deciduous forests 10204 Timor and Wetar deciduous forests 10401 Chatham Island temperate forests 10402 Eastern Australian temperate forests 10403 Fiordland temperate forests 10404 Nelson Coast temperate forests 10405 North Island temperate forests 10406 Northland temperate kauri forests 10407 Rakiura Island temperate forests 10408 Richmond temperate forests 10409 Southeast Australia temperate forests 10410 South Island temperate forests 10411 Tasmanian Central Highland forests 10412 Tasmanian temperate forests 10413 Tasmanian temperate rain forests 10414 Westland temperate forests 10701 Arnhem Land tropical savanna 10702 Brigalow tropical savanna 10703 Cape York Peninsula tropical savanna 10704 Carpentaria tropical savanna 10705 Einasleigh upland savanna 10706 Kimberly tropical savanna 10707 Mitchell grass downs 10708 Trans Fly savanna and grasslands 10709 Victoria Plains tropical savanna 10801 Cantebury-Otago tussock grasslands 10802 Eastern Australia mulga shrublands 10803 Southeast Australia temperate savanna 11001 Australian Alps montane grasslands 11002 Central Range sub-alpine grasslands 11003 South Island montane grasslands 11101 Antipodes Subantarctic Islands tundra 11201 Coolgardie woodlands 11202 Esperance mallee 11203 Eyre and York mallee 11204 Jarrah-Karri forest and shrublands 11205 Swan Coastal Plain Scrub and Woodlands 11206 Mount Lofty woodlands 11207 Murray-Darling woodlands and mallee 11208 Naracoorte woodlands 11209 Southwest Australia savanna 11210 Southwest Australia woodlands 11301 Carnarvon xeric shrublands 11302 Central Ranges xeric scrub 11303 Gibson desert 11304 Great Sandy-Tanami desert 11305 Great Victoria desert 11306 Nullarbor Plains xeric shrublands 11307 Pilbara shrublands 11308 Simpson desert 11309 Tirari-Sturt stony desert 11310 Western Australian Mulga shrublands 11401 New Guinea mangroves 21101 Marielandia Antarctic tundra 21102 Maudlandia Antarctic desert 21103 Scotia Sea Islands tundra 21104 Southern Indian Ocean Islands tundra 30101 Albertine Rift montane forests 30102 Atlantic Equatorial coastal forests 30103 Cameroonian Highlands forests 30104 Central Congolian lowland forests 30105 Comoros forests 30106 Cross-Niger transition forests 30107 Cross-Sanaga-Bioko coastal forests 30108 East African montane forests 30109 Eastern Arc forests 30110 Eastern Congolian swamp forests 30111 Eastern Guinean forests 30112 Ethiopian montane forests 30113 Granitic Seychelles forests 30114 Guinean montane forests 30115 Knysna-Amatole montane forests 30116 KwaZulu-Cape coastal forest mosaic 30117 Madagascar lowland forests 30118 Madagascar subhumid forests 30119 Maputaland coastal forest mosaic 30120 Mascarene forests 30121 Mount Cameroon and Bioko montane forests 30122 Niger Delta swamp forests 30123 Nigerian lowland forests 30124 Northeastern Congolian lowland forests 30125 Northern Zanzibar-Inhambane coastal forest mosaic 30126 Northwestern Congolian lowland forests 30127 Sao Tome, Principe and Annobon moist lowland forests 30128 Southern Zanzibar-Inhambane coastal forest mosaic 30129 Western Congolian swamp forests 30130 Western Guinean lowland forests 30201 Cape Verde Islands dry forests 30202 Madagascar dry deciduous forests 30203 Zambezian Cryptosepalum dry forests 30701 Angolan Miombo woodlands 30702 Angolan Mopane woodlands 30703 Ascension scrub and grasslands 30704 Central Zambezian Miombo woodlands 30705 East Sudanian savanna 30706 Eastern Miombo woodlands 30707 Guinean forest-savanna mosaic 30708 Itigi-Sumbu thicket 30709 Kalahari Acacia-Baikiaea woodlands 30710 Mandara Plateau mosaic 30711 Northern Acacia-Commiphora bushlands and thickets 30712 Northern Congolian forest-savanna mosaic 30713 Sahelian Acacia savanna 30714 Serengeti volcanic grasslands 30715 Somali Acacia-Commiphora bushlands and thickets 30716 Southern Acacia-Commiphora bushlands and thickets 30717 Southern Africa bushveld 30718 Southern Congolian forest-savanna mosaic 30719 Southern Miombo woodlands 30720 St. Helena scrub and woodlands 30721 Victoria Basin forest-savanna mosaic 30722 West Sudanian savanna 30723 Western Congolian forest-savanna mosaic 30724 Western Zambezian grasslands 30725 Zambezian and Mopane woodlands 30726 Zambezian Baikiaea woodlands 30801 Al Hajar montane woodlands 30802 Amsterdam and Saint-Paul Islands temperate grasslands 30803 Tristan Da Cunha-Gough Islands shrub and grasslands 30901 East African halophytics 30902 Etosha Pan halophytics 30903 Inner Niger Delta flooded savanna 30904 Lake Chad flooded savanna 30905 Saharan flooded grasslands 30906 Zambezian coastal flooded savanna 30907 Zambezian flooded grasslands 30908 Zambezian halophytics 31001 Angolan montane forest-grassland mosaic 31002 Angolan scarp savanna and woodlands 31003 Drakensberg alti-montane grasslands and woodlands 31004 Drakensberg montane grasslands, woodlands and forests 31005 East African montane moorlands 31006 Eastern Zimbabwe montane forest-grassland mosaic 31007 Ethiopian montane grasslands and woodlands 31008 Ethiopian montane moorlands 31009 Highveld grasslands 31010 Jos Plateau forest-grassland mosaic 31011 Madagascar ericoid thickets 31012 Maputaland-Pondoland bushland and thickets 31013 Rwenzori-Virunga montane moorlands 31014 South Malawi montane forest-grassland mosaic 31015 Southern Rift montane forest-grassland mosaic 31201 Albany thickets 31202 Lowland fynbos and renosterveld 31203 Montane fynbos and renosterveld 31301 Aldabra Island xeric scrub 31302 Arabian Peninsula coastal fog desert 31303 East Saharan montane xeric woodlands 31304 Eritrean coastal desert 31305 Ethiopian xeric grasslands and shrublands 31306 Gulf of Oman desert and semi-desert 31307 Hobyo grasslands and shrublands 31308 Ile Europa and Bassas da India xeric scrub 31309 Kalahari xeric savanna 31310 Kaokoveld desert 31311 Madagascar spiny thickets 31312 Madagascar succulent woodlands 31313 Masai xeric grasslands and shrublands 31314 Nama Karoo 31315 Namib desert 31316 Namibian savanna woodlands 31318 Socotra Island xeric shrublands 31319 Somali montane xeric woodlands 31320 Southwestern Arabian foothills savanna 31321 Southwestern Arabian montane woodlands 31322 Succulent Karoo 31401 Central African mangroves 31402 East African mangroves 31403 Guinean mangroves 31404 Madagascar mangroves 31405 Southern Africa mangroves 40101 Andaman Islands rain forests 40102 Borneo lowland rain forests 40103 Borneo montane rain forests 40104 Borneo peat swamp forests 40105 Brahmaputra Valley semi-evergreen forests 40106 Cardamom Mountains rain forests 40107 Chao Phraya freshwater swamp forests 40108 Chao Phraya lowland moist deciduous forests 40109 Chin Hills-Arakan Yoma montane forests 40110 Christmas and Cocos Islands tropical forests 40111 Eastern highlands moist deciduous forests 40112 Eastern Java-Bali montane rain forests 40113 Eastern Java-Bali rain forests 40114 Greater Negros-Panay rain forests 40115 Himalayan subtropical broadleaf forests 40116 Irrawaddy freshwater swamp forests 40117 Irrawaddy moist deciduous forests 40118 Jian Nan subtropical evergreen forests 40119 Kayah-Karen montane rain forests 40120 Lower Gangetic Plains moist deciduous forests 40121 Luang Prabang montane rain forests 40122 Luzon montane rain forests 40123 Luzon rain forests 40124 Malabar Coast moist forests 40125 Maldives-Lakshadweep-Chagos Archipelago tropical moist forests 40126 Meghalaya subtropical forests 40127 Mentawai Islands rain forests 40128 Mindanao montane rain forests 40129 Mindanao-Eastern Visayas rain forests 40130 Mindoro rain forests 40131 Mizoram-Manipur-Kachin rain forests 40132 Myanmar coastal rain forests 40133 Nicobar Islands rain forests 40134 North Western Ghats moist deciduous forests 40135 North Western Ghats montane rain forests 40136 Northern Annamites rain forests 40137 Northern Indochina subtropical forests 40138 Northern Khorat Plateau moist deciduous forests 40139 Northern Thailand-Laos moist deciduous forests 40140 Northern Triangle subtropical forests 40141 Northern Vietnam lowland rain forests 40142 Orissa semi-evergreen forests 40143 Palawan rain forests 40144 Peninsular Malaysian montane rain forests 40145 Peninsular Malaysian peat swamp forests 40146 Peninsular Malaysian rain forests 40147 Red River freshwater swamp forests 40148 South China Sea Islands 40149 South China-Vietnam subtropical evergreen forests 40150 South Western Ghats moist deciduous forests 40151 South Western Ghats montane rain forests 40152 Southern Annamites montane rain forests 40153 Southwest Borneo freshwater swamp forests 40154 Sri Lanka lowland rain forests 40155 Sri Lanka montane rain forests 40156 Sulu Archipelago rain forests 40157 Sumatran freshwater swamp forests 40158 Sumatran lowland rain forests 40159 Sumatran montane rain forests 40160 Sumatran peat swamp forests 40161 Sundaland heath forests 40162 Sundarbans freshwater swamp forests 40163 Tenasserim-South Thailand semi-evergreen rain forests 40164 Tonle Sap freshwater swamp forests 40165 Tonle Sap-Mekong peat swamp forests 40166 Upper Gangetic Plains moist deciduous forests 40167 Western Java montane rain forests 40168 Western Java rain forests 40169 Hainan Island monsoon rain forests 40170 Nansei Islands subtropical evergreen forests 40171 South Taiwan monsoon rain forests 40172 Taiwan subtropical evergreen forests 40201 Central Deccan Plateau dry deciduous forests 40202 Central Indochina dry forests 40203 Chhota-Nagpur dry deciduous forests 40204 East Deccan dry-evergreen forests 40205 Irrawaddy dry forests 40206 Khathiar-Gir dry deciduous forests 40207 Narmada Valley dry deciduous forests 40208 Northern dry deciduous forests 40209 South Deccan Plateau dry deciduous forests 40210 Southeastern Indochina dry evergreen forests 40211 Southern Vietnam lowland dry forests 40212 Sri Lanka dry-zone dry evergreen forests 40301 Himalayan subtropical pine forests 40302 Luzon tropical pine forests 40303 Northeast India-Myanmar pine forests 40304 Sumatran tropical pine forests 40401 Eastern Himalayan broadleaf forests 40402 Northern Triangle temperate forests 40403 Western Himalayan broadleaf forests 40501 Eastern Himalayan subalpine conifer forests 40502 Western Himalayan subalpine conifer forests 40701 Terai-Duar savanna and grasslands 40901 Rann of Kutch seasonal salt marsh 41001 Kinabalu montane alpine meadows 41301 Deccan thorn scrub forests 41302 Indus Valley desert 41303 Northwestern thorn scrub forests 41304 Thar desert 41401 Goadavari-Krishna mangroves 41402 Indochina mangroves 41403 Indus River Delta-Arabian Sea mangroves 41404 Myanmar Coast mangroves 41405 Sunda Shelf mangroves 41406 Sundarbans mangroves 50201 Sonoran-Sinaloan transition subtropical dry forest 50301 Bermuda subtropical conifer forests 50302 Sierra Madre Occidental pine-oak forests 50303 Sierra Madre Oriental pine-oak forests 50401 Allegheny Highlands forests 50402 Appalachian mixed mesophytic forests 50403 Appalachian-Blue Ridge forests 50404 Central U.S. hardwood forests 50405 East Central Texas forests 50406 Eastern forest-boreal transition 50407 Eastern Great Lakes lowland forests 50408 Gulf of St. Lawrence lowland forests 50409 Mississippi lowland forests 50410 New England-Acadian forests 50411 Northeastern coastal forests 50412 Ozark Mountain forests 50413 Southeastern mixed forests 50414 Southern Great Lakes forests 50415 Upper Midwest forest-savanna transition 50416 Western Great Lakes forests 50417 Willamette Valley forests 50501 Alberta Mountain forests 50502 Alberta-British Columbia foothills forests 50503 Arizona Mountains forests 50504 Atlantic coastal pine barrens 50505 Blue Mountains forests 50506 British Columbia mainland coastal forests 50507 Cascade Mountains leeward forests 50508 Central and Southern Cascades forests 50509 Central British Columbia Mountain forests 50510 Central Pacific coastal forests 50511 Colorado Rockies forests 50512 Eastern Cascades forests 50513 Florida sand pine scrub 50514 Fraser Plateau and Basin complex 50515 Great Basin montane forests 50516 Klamath-Siskiyou forests 50517 Middle Atlantic coastal forests 50518 North Central Rockies forests 50519 Northern California coastal forests 50520 Northern Pacific coastal forests 50521 Northern transitional alpine forests 50522 Okanagan dry forests 50523 Piney Woods forests 50524 Puget lowland forests 50525 Queen Charlotte Islands 50526 Sierra Juarez and San Pedro Martir pine-oak forests 50527 Sierra Nevada forests 50528 South Central Rockies forests 50529 Southeastern conifer forests 50530 Wasatch and Uinta montane forests 50601 Alaska Peninsula montane taiga 50602 Central Canadian Shield forests 50603 Cook Inlet taiga 50604 Copper Plateau taiga 50605 Eastern Canadian forests 50606 Eastern Canadian Shield taiga 50607 Interior Alaska-Yukon lowland taiga 50608 Mid-Continental Canadian forests 50609 Midwestern Canadian Shield forests 50610 Muskwa-Slave Lake forests 50611 Newfoundland Highland forests 50612 Northern Canadian Shield taiga 50613 Northern Cordillera forests 50614 Northwest Territories taiga 50615 South Avalon-Burin oceanic barrens 50616 Southern Hudson Bay taiga 50617 Yukon Interior dry forests 50701 Western Gulf coastal grasslands 50801 California Central Valley grasslands 50802 Canadian Aspen forests and parklands 50803 Central and Southern mixed grasslands 50804 Central forest-grasslands transition 50805 Central tall grasslands 50806 Edwards Plateau savanna 50807 Flint Hills tall grasslands 50808 Montana Valley and Foothill grasslands 50809 Nebraska Sand Hills mixed grasslands 50810 Northern mixed grasslands 50811 Northern short grasslands 50812 Northern tall grasslands 50813 Palouse grasslands 50814 Texas blackland prairies 50815 Western short grasslands 51101 Alaska-St. Elias Range tundra 51102 Aleutian Islands tundra 51103 Arctic coastal tundra 51104 Arctic foothills tundra 51105 Baffin coastal tundra 51106 Beringia lowland tundra 51107 Beringia upland tundra 51108 Brooks-British Range tundra 51109 Davis Highlands tundra 51110 High Arctic tundra 51111 Interior Yukon-Alaska alpine tundra 51112 Kalaallit Nunaat high arctic tundra 51113 Kalaallit Nunaat low arctic tundra 51114 Low Arctic tundra 51115 Middle Arctic tundra 51116 Ogilvie-MacKenzie alpine tundra 51117 Pacific Coastal Mountain icefields and tundra 51118 Torngat Mountain tundra 51201 California coastal sage and chaparral 51202 California interior chaparral and woodlands 51203 California montane chaparral and woodlands 51301 Baja California desert 51302 Central Mexican matorral 51303 Chihuahuan desert 51304 Colorado Plateau shrublands 51305 Great Basin shrub steppe 51306 Gulf of California xeric scrub 51307 Meseta Central matorral 51308 Mojave desert 51309 Snake-Columbia shrub steppe 51310 Sonoran desert 51311 Tamaulipan matorral 51312 Tamaulipan mezquital 51313 Wyoming Basin shrub steppe 60101 Araucaria moist forests 60102 Atlantic Coast restingas 60103 Bahia coastal forests 60104 Bahia interior forests 60105 Bolivian Yungas 60106 Caatinga Enclaves moist forests 60107 Caqueta moist forests 60108 Catatumbo moist forests 60109 Cauca Valley montane forests 60110 Cayos Miskitos-San Andrés and Providencia moist forests 60111 Central American Atlantic moist forests 60112 Central American montane forests 60113 Chiapas montane forests 60114 Chimalapas montane forests 60115 Chocó-Darién moist forests 60116 Cocos Island moist forests 60117 Cordillera La Costa montane forests 60118 Cordillera Oriental montane forests 60119 Costa Rican seasonal moist forests 60120 Cuban moist forests 60121 Eastern Cordillera real montane forests 60122 Eastern Panamanian montane forests 60123 Fernando de Noronha-Atol das Rocas moist forests 60124 Guianan Highlands moist forests 60125 Guianan moist forests 60126 Gurupa varzeá 60127 Hispaniolan moist forests 60128 Iquitos varzeá 60129 Isthmian-Atlantic moist forests 60130 Isthmian-Pacific moist forests 60131 Jamaican moist forests 60132 Japurá-Solimoes-Negro moist forests 60133 Juruá-Purus moist forests 60134 Leeward Islands moist forests 60135 Madeira-Tapajós moist forests 60136 Magdalena Valley montane forests 60137 Magdalena-Urabá moist forests 60138 Marajó varzeá 60139 Maranhão Babaçu forests 60140 Mato Grosso seasonal forests 60141 Monte Alegre varzeá 60142 Napo moist forests 60143 Negro-Branco moist forests 60144 Northeastern Brazil restingas 60145 Northwestern Andean montane forests 60146 Oaxacan montane forests 60147 Orinoco Delta swamp forests 60148 Pantanos de Centla 60149 Guianan freshwater swamp forests 60150 Alto Paraná Atlantic forests 60151 Pernambuco coastal forests 60152 Pernambuco interior forests 60153 Peruvian Yungas 60154 Petén-Veracruz moist forests 60155 Puerto Rican moist forests 60156 Purus varzeá 60157 Purus-Madeira moist forests 60158 Rio Negro campinarana 60159 Santa Marta montane forests 60160 Serra do Mar coastal forests 60161 Sierra de los Tuxtlas 60162 Sierra Madre de Chiapas moist forests 60163 Solimões-Japurá moist forests 60164 South Florida rocklands 60165 Southern Andean Yungas 60166 Southwest Amazon moist forests 60167 Talamancan montane forests 60168 Tapajós-Xingu moist forests 60169 Pantepui 60170 Tocantins/Pindare moist forests 60171 Trinidad and Tobago moist forests 60172 Trindade-Martin Vaz Islands tropical forests 60173 Uatuma-Trombetas moist forests 60174 Ucayali moist forests 60175 Venezuelan Andes montane forests 60176 Veracruz moist forests 60177 Veracruz montane forests 60178 Western Ecuador moist forests 60179 Windward Islands moist forests 60180 Xingu-Tocantins-Araguaia moist forests 60181 Yucatán moist forests 60182 Guianan piedmont and lowland moist forests 60201 Apure-Villavicencio dry forests 60202 Atlantic dry forests 60204 Bajío dry forests 60205 Balsas dry forests 60206 Bolivian montane dry forests 60207 Cauca Valley dry forests 60209 Central American dry forests 60210 Dry Chaco 60211 Chiapas Depression dry forests 60212 Chiquitano dry forests 60213 Cuban dry forests 60214 Ecuadorian dry forests 60215 Hispaniolan dry forests 60216 Islas Revillagigedo dry forests 60217 Jalisco dry forests 60218 Jamaican dry forests 60219 Lara-Falcón dry forests 60220 Lesser Antillean dry forests 60221 Magdalena Valley dry forests 60222 Maracaibo dry forests 60223 Marañón dry forests 60224 Panamanian dry forests 60225 Patía Valley dry forests 60226 Puerto Rican dry forests 60227 Sierra de la Laguna dry forests 60228 Sinaloan dry forests 60229 Sinú Valley dry forests 60230 Southern Pacific dry forests 60232 Tumbes-Piura dry forests 60233 Veracruz dry forests 60235 Yucatán dry forests 60301 Bahamian pine mosaic 60302 Belizian pine forests 60303 Central American pine-oak forests 60304 Cuban pine forests 60305 Hispaniolan pine forests 60306 Miskito pine forests 60307 Sierra de la Laguna pine-oak forests 60308 Sierra Madre de Oaxaca pine-oak forests 60309 Sierra Madre del Sur pine-oak forests 60310 Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt pine-oak forests 60401 Juan Fernández Islands temperate forests 60402 Magellanic subpolar forests 60403 San Félix-San Ambrosio Islands temperate forests 60404 Valdivian temperate forests 60702 Beni savanna 60703 Campos Rupestres montane savanna 60704 Cerrado 60705 Clipperton Island shrub and grasslands 60707 Guianan savanna 60708 Humid Chaco 60709 Llanos 60710 Uruguayan savanna 60801 Espinal 60802 Low Monte 60803 Humid Pampas 60805 Patagonian steppe 60902 Cuban wetlands 60903 Enriquillo wetlands 60904 Everglades 60905 Guayaquil flooded grasslands 60906 Orinoco wetlands 60907 Pantanal 60908 Paraná flooded savanna 60909 Southern Cone Mesopotamian savanna 61001 Central Andean dry puna 61002 Central Andean puna 61003 Central Andean wet puna 61004 Cordillera Central páramo 61005 Cordillera de Merida páramo 61006 Northern Andean páramo 61007 Santa Marta páramo 61008 Southern Andean steppe 61010 High Monte 61201 Chilean matorral 61301 Araya and Paria xeric scrub 61303 Atacama desert 61304 Caatinga 61305 Caribbean shrublands 61306 Cuban cactus scrub 61307 Galápagos Islands scrubland mosaic 61308 Guajira-Barranquilla xeric scrub 61309 La Costa xeric shrublands 61311 Malpelo Island xeric scrub 61312 Motagua Valley thornscrub 61313 Paraguana xeric scrub 61314 San Lucan xeric scrub 61315 Sechura desert 61316 Tehuacán Valley matorral 61318 St. Peter and St. Paul rocks 61401 Amazon-Orinoco-Southern Caribbean mangroves 61402 Bahamian-Antillean mangroves 61403 Mesoamerican Gulf-Caribbean mangroves 61404 Northern Mesoamerican Pacific mangroves 61405 South American Pacific mangroves 61406 Southern Atlantic mangroves 61407 Southern Mesoamerican Pacific mangroves 70101 Carolines tropical moist forests 70102 Central Polynesian tropical moist forests 70103 Cook Islands tropical moist forests 70104 Eastern Micronesia tropical moist forests 70105 Fiji tropical moist forests 70106 Hawaii tropical moist forests 70107 Kermadec Islands subtropical moist forests 70108 Marquesas tropical moist forests 70109 Ogasawara subtropical moist forests 70110 Palau tropical moist forests 70111 Rapa Nui subtropical broadleaf forests 70112 Samoan tropical moist forests 70113 Society Islands tropical moist forests 70114 Tongan tropical moist forests 70115 Tuamotu tropical moist forests 70116 Tubuai tropical moist forests 70117 Western Polynesian tropical moist forests 70201 Fiji tropical dry forests 70202 Hawaii tropical dry forests 70203 Marianas tropical dry forests 70204 Yap tropical dry forests 70701 Hawaii tropical high shrublands 70702 Hawaii tropical low shrublands 70703 Northwestern Hawaii scrub 80101 Guizhou Plateau broadleaf and mixed forests 80102 Yunnan Plateau subtropical evergreen forests 80401 Appenine deciduous montane forests 80402 Atlantic mixed forests 80403 Azores temperate mixed forests 80404 Balkan mixed forests 80405 Baltic mixed forests 80406 Cantabrian mixed forests 80407 Caspian Hyrcanian mixed forests 80408 Caucasus mixed forests 80409 Celtic broadleaf forests 80410 Central Anatolian steppe and woodlands 80411 Central China loess plateau mixed forests 80412 Central European mixed forests 80413 Central Korean deciduous forests 80414 Changbai Mountains mixed forests 80415 Changjiang Plain evergreen forests 80416 Crimean Submediterranean forest complex 80417 Daba Mountains evergreen forests 80418 Dinaric Mountains mixed forests 80419 East European forest steppe 80420 Eastern Anatolian deciduous forests 80421 English Lowlands beech forests 80422 Euxine-Colchic broadleaf forests 80423 Hokkaido deciduous forests 80424 Huang He Plain mixed forests 80425 Madeira evergreen forests 80426 Manchurian mixed forests 80427 Nihonkai evergreen forests 80428 Nihonkai montane deciduous forests 80429 North Atlantic moist mixed forests 80430 Northeast China Plain deciduous forests 80431 Pannonian mixed forests 80432 Po Basin mixed forests 80433 Pyrenees conifer and mixed forests 80434 Qin Ling Mountains deciduous forests 80435 Rodope montane mixed forests 80436 Sarmatic mixed forests 80437 Sichuan Basin evergreen broadleaf forests 80438 South Sakhalin-Kurile mixed forests 80439 Southern Korea evergreen forests 80440 Taiheiyo evergreen forests 80441 Taiheiyo montane deciduous forests 80442 Tarim Basin deciduous forests and steppe 80443 Ussuri broadleaf and mixed forests 80444 Western Siberian hemiboreal forests 80445 Western European broadleaf forests 80446 Zagros Mountains forest steppe 80501 Alps conifer and mixed forests 80502 Altai montane forest and forest steppe 80503 Caledon conifer forests 80504 Carpathian montane forests 80505 Da Hinggan-Dzhagdy Mountains conifer forests 80506 East Afghan montane conifer forests 80507 Elburz Range forest steppe 80508 Helanshan montane conifer forests 80509 Hengduan Mountains subalpine conifer forests 80510 Hokkaido montane conifer forests 80511 Honshu alpine conifer forests 80512 Khangai Mountains conifer forests 80513 Mediterranean conifer and mixed forests 80514 Northeastern Himalayan subalpine conifer forests 80515 Northern Anatolian conifer and deciduous forests 80516 Nujiang Langcang Gorge alpine conifer and mixed forests 80517 Qilian Mountains conifer forests 80518 Qionglai-Minshan conifer forests 80519 Sayan montane conifer forests 80520 Scandinavian coastal conifer forests 80521 Tian Shan montane conifer forests 80601 East Siberian taiga 80602 Iceland boreal birch forests and alpine tundra 80603 Kamchatka-Kurile meadows and sparse forests 80604 Kamchatka-Kurile taiga 80605 Northeast Siberian taiga 80606 Okhotsk-Manchurian taiga 80607 Sakhalin Island taiga 80608 Scandinavian and Russian taiga 80609 Trans-Baikal conifer forests 80610 Ural montane forests and tundra 80611 West Siberian taiga 80801 Alai-Western Tian Shan steppe 80802 Altai steppe and semi-desert 80803 Central Anatolian steppe 80804 Daurian forest steppe 80805 Eastern Anatolian montane steppe 80806 Emin Valley steppe 80807 Faroe Islands boreal grasslands 80808 Gissaro-Alai open woodlands 80809 Kazakh forest steppe 80810 Kazakh steppe 80811 Kazakh upland 80812 Middle East steppe 80813 Mongolian-Manchurian grassland 80814 Pontic steppe 80815 Sayan Intermontane steppe 80816 Selenge-Orkhon forest steppe 80817 South Siberian forest steppe 80818 Tian Shan foothill arid steppe 80901 Amur meadow steppe 80902 Bohai Sea saline meadow 80903 Nenjiang River grassland 80904 Nile Delta flooded savanna 80905 Saharan halophytics 80906 Tigris-Euphrates alluvial salt marsh 80907 Suiphun-Khanka meadows and forest meadows 80908 Yellow Sea saline meadow 81001 Altai alpine meadow and tundra 81002 Central Tibetan Plateau alpine steppe 81003 Eastern Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows 81004 Ghorat-Hazarajat alpine meadow 81005 Hindu Kush alpine meadow 81006 Karakoram-West Tibetan Plateau alpine steppe 81007 Khangai Mountains alpine meadow 81008 Kopet Dag woodlands and forest steppe 81009 Kuh Rud and Eastern Iran montane woodlands 81010 Mediterranean High Atlas juniper steppe 81011 North Tibetan Plateau-Kunlun Mountains alpine desert 81012 Northwestern Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows 81013 Ordos Plateau steppe 81014 Pamir alpine desert and tundra 81015 Qilian Mountains subalpine meadows 81016 Sayan Alpine meadows and tundra 81017 Southeast Tibet shrublands and meadows 81018 Sulaiman Range alpine meadows 81019 Tian Shan montane steppe and meadows 81020 Tibetan Plateau alpine shrublands and meadows 81021 Western Himalayan alpine shrub and Meadows 81022 Yarlung Tsangpo arid steppe 81101 Arctic desert 81102 Bering tundra 81103 Cherskii-Kolyma mountain tundra 81104 Chukchi Peninsula tundra 81105 Kamchatka Mountain tundra and forest tundra 81106 Kola Peninsula tundra 81107 Northeast Siberian coastal tundra 81108 Northwest Russian-Novaya Zemlya tundra 81109 Novosibirsk Islands arctic desert 81110 Scandinavian Montane Birch forest and grasslands 81111 Taimyr-Central Siberian tundra 81112 Trans-Baikal Bald Mountain tundra 81113 Wrangel Island arctic desert 81114 Yamal-Gydan tundra 81201 Aegean and Western Turkey sclerophyllous and mixed forests 81202 Anatolian conifer and deciduous mixed forests 81203 Canary Islands dry woodlands and forests 81204 Corsican montane broadleaf and mixed forests 81205 Crete Mediterranean forests 81206 Cyprus Mediterranean forests 81207 Eastern Mediterranean conifer-sclerophyllous-broadleaf forests 81208 Iberian conifer forests 81209 Iberian sclerophyllous and semi-deciduous forests 81210 Illyrian deciduous forests 81211 Italian sclerophyllous and semi-deciduous forests 81212 Mediterranean acacia-argania dry woodlands and succulent thickets 81213 Mediterranean dry woodlands and steppe 81214 Mediterranean woodlands and forests 81215 Northeastern Spain and Southern France Mediterranean forests 81216 Northwest Iberian montane forests 81217 Pindus Mountains mixed forests 81218 South Appenine mixed montane forests 81219 Southeastern Iberian shrubs and woodlands 81220 Southern Anatolian montane conifer and deciduous forests 81221 Southwest Iberian Mediterranean sclerophyllous and mixed forests 81222 Tyrrhenian-Adriatic Sclerophyllous and mixed forests 81301 Afghan Mountains semi-desert 81302 Alashan Plateau semi-desert 81303 Arabian Desert and East Sahero-Arabian xeric shrublands 81304 Atlantic coastal desert 81305 Azerbaijan shrub desert and steppe 81306 Badghyz and Karabil semi-desert 81307 Baluchistan xeric woodlands 81308 Caspian lowland desert 81309 Central Afghan Mountains xeric woodlands 81310 Central Asian northern desert 81311 Central Asian riparian woodlands 81312 Central Asian southern desert 81313 Central Persian desert basins 81314 Eastern Gobi desert steppe 81315 Gobi Lakes Valley desert steppe 81316 Great Lakes Basin desert steppe 81317 Junggar Basin semi-desert 81318 Kazakh semi-desert 81319 Kopet Dag semi-desert 81320 Mesopotamian shrub desert 81321 North Saharan steppe and woodlands 81322 Paropamisus xeric woodlands 81323 Persian Gulf desert and semi-desert 81324 Qaidam Basin semi-desert 81325 Red Sea Nubo-Sindian tropical desert and semi-desert 81326 Registan-North Pakistan sandy desert 81327 Sahara desert 81328 South Iran Nubo-Sindian desert and semi-desert 81329 South Saharan steppe and woodlands 81330 Taklimakan desert 81331 Tibesti-Jebel Uweinat montane xeric woodlands 81332 West Saharan montane xeric woodlands 81333 Red Sea coastal desert Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Livelihood zone of household LIVELIHOOD reports the predominant livelihood zone within a 5-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. Livelihood zones can be used as an indicator for sources of food and/or income and as a measure of people's vulnerability to hazards, such as flood, drought, food crisis, market disruption, or conflicts. Information on livelihood zones are available for selected countries of Africa, Afghanistan, El Salvador, Haiti, Honduras, and Nicaragua. Livelihood zones are country-specific; therefore, codes and labels for LIVELIHOOD vary across countries. The original LIVELIHOOD zone codes from the Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET [URL omitted from DDI.]) begin with the 2-character alphabetic ISO code followed by the livelihood zone code. In place of the 2-character alphabetic ISO code used in the source data, IPUMS-DHS substitutes the 3-digit ISO country code (e.g., 231 for Ethiopia), followed by the 3-digit numeric livelihood zone code (e.g., 177 for West Central Teff). LIVELIHOOD, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00998 Missing 004001 Eastern Pastoral and Forest Zone 004002 Eastern Agro-Pastoral and Forest Zone 004003 Eastern Agro-Pastoral and Rangeland Zone 004004 Eastern Semi-Arid Agricultural Zone 004005 Eastern Agricultural and Labor-Based Zone 004006 Eastern Intensively Irrigated Zone 004007 Eastern Cross-Border Trade and Labor-Based Zone 004008 Eastern Irrigated and Rainfed Agricultural Zone 004009 East-Central Irrigated Zone 004010 Southern Intensively Irrigated Cash Crop Zone 004011 Southern Semi-Arid Agro-Pastoral Zone 004012 South-Central Agro-Pastoral and Labor-Based Zone 004013 Southern Desert Zone 004014 South-Central Agro-Pastoral Zone 004015 North-Western Agro-Pastoral and Pistachio Zone 004016 Western Intensively Irrigated Zone 004017 Western Semi-Arid Agro-Pastoral Zone 004018 West-Central Highland Agro-Pastoral Zone 004019 Western and Southern Cross-Border Trade and Labor Zone 004020 North-Eastern Highland Agro-Pastoral Zone 004021 Salangi Plains Mixed Farming Zone 004022 Northern Lowland Cereals and Livestock Zone 004023 Northern High Cereals Production Zone 004024 North-Central Agro-Pastoral Zone 004025 Northern Irrigated and Rainfed Mixed Farming Zone 004026 Northern Intensively Irrigated Agricultural Zone 004027 Amo River Irrigation and Cross-Border Trade Zone 004028 East-Central Agro-Forestry Zone 004029 Central Cash-Crop and Livestock Zone 024001 Coastal fishing, horticulture, and non-farm income 024002 Transitional banana and pineapple farming 024003 Southern livestock, millet, and sorghum 024004 Sub humid livestock and maize 024005 Mid-eastern cassava and savannah forest 024006 Central highlands potato and vegetables 024007 Central highlands maize and beans 024008 Transitional lowland maize, cassava, and beans 024009 Tropical forest, cassava, banana, and coffee 024010 Savannah forest and market-oriented cassava 024011 Savannah forest and subsistence cassava 024012 Fishing, cassava, and cross-border trade 024013 Coastal livestock ranching 108001 Buragane 108002 Congo Ridge Millet 108003 Eastern Lowlands 108004 Northern Lowlands 108005 Northern Highlands 108006 Southern Highlands 108007 Imbo Plain 108008 Humid Plateaus 108009 Eastern Arid Plateaus 140001 Southeast cassava, peanuts, and maize 140002 Northeast hunting and food crops 140003 Northern sorghum and millet 140004 East central mining, cassava, and peanuts 140005 Southern coffee, cassava, and maize 140006 Central cassava, peanuts, and maize 140007 Central cotton, cassava, and maize 140008 Northern cotton, cassava, and sorghum 140009 Western cassava, maize, and peanuts 140010 Southern maize, citrus fruits, and vegetables 140011 Southwest cassava, coffee, gathering, and mining 148001 Southern Staple and Cash Crops 148002 Southwest Rice 148003 South-central Cereals 148004 Southeast Flood Retreat and Gum Arabic 148005 Central Agropastoral 148006 Eastern Rainfed Cereals and Market Gardening 148007 Transhumance 148008 Western Agropastoral and Fishing 148009 Northern Oasis Cultivation with Camels and Natron 180001 Copperbelt and Marginal Agriculture 180002 Savannah Manioc 180003 Savannah Surplus Maize 180004 Kamalondo Depression 180005 Southern Tanganyika-Mwero Fishing 180006 Maniema Savannah Agriculture 180007 High Food Production and Surplus Trade 180008 Northern Tanganyika Midland Agriculture 180009 Agropastoral Mountains 180010 Midland Agricultural Savannah 180011 Rutshuru Volcanic Soils and Agriculture 180012 Forest Cultivation and Products 180013 Artisanal Mining with Agriculture 180014 Northeast Highlands Agriculture 180015 Orientale Fishing with Agriculture 180016 Northern Plateau Cassava, Maize, Groundnuts and Beans 180017 Bumba Rice and Tubers 180018 Bomongo and Makanza Districts Intensive Fishing 180019 Fishing and Staples Riverine 180020 Cuvette Centrale Staple Crops, Fishing and Charcoal 180021 Equatorial Forest, Hunting, Fishing and Staple Crops 180022 Lighter Forest with Rice and Cassava 180023 Savannah with Cassava and Cowpeas and Small Livestock 180024 High Food Crop Production and Trading 180025 Intensive Artisanal Diamond Exploitation with Crop Cultivation 180026 Clay Soils with High Production of Cassava and Maize, and Cattle 180027 Agropastoral â€“ Staple Crops, Small Stock and Cattle and Wild Foods 180028 Agriculture with High Production and Marketing 180029 Cassava, Maize and Groundnuts 180030 Market Gardening and Staple Crops 180031 River Fishing and Staple Crops 180032 Coastal Ocean Fishing and Kitchen Gardening 180033 Forest â€“ Staple Crops, Cash Crops and Market Gardening 180034 Kinshasa Peri-urban 222001 Basic Grain and Labor Zone 222002 Coffee, Agro-Industrial and Labor Zone 222003 Sugarcane, Agro-Industry and Labor Zone 222004 Eastern Basic Grain, Labor, Livestock and Remittance Zone 222005 Central Free-Trade, Services and Industrial Labor Zone 222006 Fishing, Aquaculture and Tourism Zone 231001 Addis Ababa City 231002 Asale Agropastoral 231003 Awsa-Gewane Agropastoral 231004 Aramiss - Adaar Pastoral 231005 Asale Pastoral 231006 Chenno Agropastoral 231007 Eli daar Pastoral 231008 Namalefan & Baadu Pastoral 231009 Teru Pastoral 231010 Abay Beshilo River Basin 231011 Abay Tekeze Watershed 231012 Central Highland Barley & Potato 231013 Cheffa valley 231014 Guna Highland 231015 Merhabete Lowland Sorghum and teff 231016 Minjar teff and livestock 231017 Minjar teff and sorghum 231018 North Wollo Highland Belg 231019 North East Woyna Dega Mixed Cereal 231020 North Shewa highland sheep and barley 231021 North Shewa Highland Wheat and Teff productive 231022 N Highland wheat, Barley & Sheep 231023 NorthWest Cash Crop 231024 North Wollo East Plain 231025 NorthWest Sorghum Belt 231026 South Wollo Meher 231027 South Wollo Belg 231028 South West Maize, Finger Millet and Teff productive 231029 South Wollo & Oromia Eastern lowland sorghum & cattle 231030 South East Woyna Dega Teff 231031 South West Woyna Dega wheat 231032 Tekeze Lowland Sorghum and Goats 231033 Tana Zuria 231034 South Wollo Meher and Belg 231035 Central Kolla Sorghum, Maize & Millet 231036 Midland Teff & Coffee 231037 Western Dry Kolla Sorghum, Maize & Mining 231038 Meketel Highland Cereal & Pulses 231039 Gambella Agropastoral 231040 Gambella Coffee, Honey & Cereal LZ 231041 Gambella Mixed Agriculture 231042 No Data 231043 Arsi Bale Wheat, Barley & Potato 231044 Anfilo Coffee Monoculture & Honey 231045 Abe Dongoro-Diga-Sasiga Coffee & Sorghum 231046 Adaba Dodola Community Forest 231047 Agarfa, Gasera, Ginir & Gololcha Fruit, Coffee & Chat 231048 Ambo Selale Ginderberet Teff & Wheat 231049 Abijata Shala Jido Agro-Pastoral 231050 Abay Gorge Sesame, Maize & Honey 231051 Ameya-Wolisso-Ambo Teff & Cattle 231052 Becho-Adea Teff & Chickpea 231053 Borena-Guji Maize, Wheat & Livestock 231054 Borena-Guji Coffee & Enset 231055 Borena-Guji Cattle Pastoralist 231056 Bale Agro-Pastoral 231057 Bale Pastoralist 231058 Chercher & Gololcha Chole Coffee, Maize & Chat 231059 Central Horo Teff, Nug & Cattle 231060 Chebo-Inchini Enset, Barley & Cattle 231061 Chat & Vegetables 231062 Dallo, Barbare & Arana-Buluk Coffee 231063 Dale-Lalo Sorghum & Maize 231064 Didessa-Gibe-Wama Valley Sorghum, Maize & Oilcrops 231065 Ebantu-Limu Teff & Cattle 231066 Guduru-Amuru Maize, Teff & Cattle 231067 Guji-Borena Enset, Barley & Cattle 231068 Gerbo Enset & Chat 231069 Gursum-Babile Groundnuts & Sorghum 231070 Gera-Setema-Sale Forest Teff, Honey & Cattle 231071 Gibe Maize & Peppers 231072 Goro-Ginir Spice & Wheat 231073 Anger Maize, Sorghum & Finger Millet 231074 Illu-Wellega-Birbir Maize, Peppers & Sesame 231075 Jimma-Illubabur Coffee, Cereals & Chat 231076 Jaldu-Dendi-Ilfata Barley & Potato 231077 Jimma-Yama Logi Teff & Maize 231078 Kofele Kokosa Enset & Cattle Belt 231079 Muger-Abay-Jema Sorghum & Teff Belt 231080 Melka Awash-Ochocha Mid-Highland Wheat & Teff 231081 Moyale Agro-Pastoral, Labour & Cross-Border Trade 231082 Moyale Cattle, Shoats & Camel Pastoralist 231083 Market-Isolated Cattle & Shoat Pastoralist 231084 Kereyu Pastoral 231085 Mendi-Dabisu Maize, Sesame & Cattle 231086 North-East Agro-Pastoral 231087 Nadda-Gilgel Gibe Maize, Teff and Sorghum 231088 Nole-Meko-Diga Teff & Cattle 231089 Nejo-Dilla Teff, Finger Millet & Nug 231090 Southern Agro-Pastoral 231091 Keto-Begi Cereals & Cattle 231092 Robe Chole Sude & Seru Teff Maize Haricot Bean Belt 231093 Rift Valley Maize & Horse Bean 231094 Selale-Ambo Highland Barley, Wheat and Horsebean belt 231095 Soddo Highland Wheat, Barley & Enset 231096 Siraro Kofele Potato & Vegetables 231097 Sorghum, Maize & Chat 231098 Shirka Ticho Spice & Teff 231099 Wheat, Barley & Potato 231100 Wellega-Dedo Highland Wheat & Barley 231101 Wuchale-Abichu-Kembebit Livestock, 'Wild Oats' & Barley/Wheat 231102 Wellega Coffee, Maize & Sorghum 231103 Amaro Coffee and Enset LZ 231104 Awassa Chat and Enset LZ 231105 Alaba-Mareko Lowland Pepper LZ 231106 Badewacho-Alaba Maize LZ 231107 Bilate Basin Agro-Pastoral LZ 231108 Bench-Keffa Cereal and Enset LZ 231109 Basketo-Melo Coffee and Root Crop LZ 231110 Dawro-Konta Maize and Root Crop LZ 231111 Western Coffee and Spices LZ - Eastern sub-zone 231112 Gedeo Coffee LZ 231113 Gurage-Siltie Highland Enset and Barley LZ 231114 Gurage-Siltie Midland Enset and Chat LZ 231115 Gurage-Siltie Enset and Teff LZ 231116 Gamo Gofa Enset and Barley LZ 231117 Gurage Lowland Maize and Teff LZ 231118 Gamo Gofa Maize and Root Crop LZ 231119 Hadero Ginger LZ 231120 Hadiya Maize LZ 231121 Hadiya-Kembata Cereal and Enset LZ - Hadiya sub zone 231122 Chamo-Abaya Irrigated Banana LZ 231123 Kedida-Badewacho Coffee LZ 231124 Hadiya-Kembata Cereal and Enset LZ - Kembata sub-zone 231125 Kaffa Cereal and Enset LZ 231126 Southern Special Woredas Lowland Cereal LZ 231127 Omo River Flood Recession LZ 231128 Omo Valley Maize and Sorghum LZ 231129 231130 Southern Cereal, Enset and Root Crop LZ 231131 Sidama Coffee LZ 231132 Surma Agro-Pastoral LZ 231133 Sidama-Gedeo Highland Enset and Barley LZ 231134 Sidama Maize Belt LZ 231135 Southern Agro-Pastoral Livelihood Zone 231136 South Omo Crop LZ 231137 South Omo Pastoral LZ 231138 Salamago Pastoral LZ 231139 Sheka Cereal and Enset LZ 231140 Wolayita Ginger and Coffee LZ 231141 Western Coffee and Spices LZ - Western sub-zone 231142 Western Forest Products LZ 231143 Wolayita Maize and Root Crop LZ 231144 Wolayita Barley and Wheat LZ 231145 Yem Cereal and Enset LZ 231146 Afder Pastoral 231147 Degahbur Agropastoral 231148 Dawa-Ganale Riverine 231149 Filtu-Dolo Pastoral 231150 Fik Pastoral 231151 Gode Agropastoral 231152 Harshin-Degahbur East Pastoral 231153 Jijiga Agropastoral 231154 Jijiga Sedentary Farming 231155 Korahe Agropastoral 231156 Korahe-Gode Pastoral 231157 Liban Agropastoral 231158 Lowland-Hawd Pastoral 231159 Moyale-Wayamo Pastoral 231160 No Data 231161 Shinile Agropastoral 231162 Shinile Pastoral 231163 Shabelle Riverine 231164 Adiyabo Lowland 231165 Alaje Ofla Highland 231166 Atsbi Womberta Highland 231167 Central Mixed Crop 231168 Enderta Dry Midland 231169 Eastern Planteau 231170 Gesho and Wheat Highland 231171 Humera Sesame and Sorghum 231172 Irob Mountains 231173 Mereb Basin 231174 Middle Tekeze 231175 Raya Valley 231176 Tsirare Catchment 231177 West Central Teff 231178 Werie Catchment 231179 Western Cereal and Sesame 262001 Northwest Pastoral 262002 Central Pastoral 262003 Southeast Pastoral 262004 Market Gardening 262005 Djibouti City 324001 Coastal: Rice, Fishing, Palm oil 324002 Piedmont: Rice, Groundnut, Horticulture 324003 Central plateau: Horticulture, Fonio, Livestock 324004 Mountain: Livestock, Fonio, Groundnut 324005 Mountain : Rice, Livestock, Fonio 324006 Northern plateau: Rice, Groundnut, Livestock 324007 Savannah with shrubs: Rice, Gold mining, Livestock 324008 Northeast: Maize, Gold mining, Livestock 324009 Wooded savannah: Rice, Manioc, Groundnut 324010 Pre-forest zone: Rice, Manioc, Livestock 324011 Forest: Rice, Palm oil, Coffee 332001 Dry Coastal Maize and Charcoal 332002 North Tubers and Horticulture 332003 Central Plateau Maize and Tubers 332004 Rice Plains of the Artibonite 332005 Western Banana Plains of Arcahaie 332006 West Gardening and Beans 332007 South Beans, Bananas, and Petty Trade 332008 Southwestern Coast Maize, Manioc, and Bush Products 332009 Urban 340000 Casco urbano 340001 Zona de medios de vida litoral GarÃfuna y de turismo en islas de la BahÃa 340002 Zona litoral atlÃ¡ntica productora de aceite de palma 340003 Zona de venta de obra en maquilas, banano y caÃ±a de azÃºcar 340004 Zona Mosquitia de caza y pesca 340005 Zona montaÃ±osa de cafÃ© 340006 Zona de medios de vida pesquera y salinera del Golfo de Fonseca 340007 Zona de granos bÃ¡sicos de subsistencia y remesas 340008 Zona de venta de mano de obra en melÃ³n, sandÃa y camarÃ³n 340009 Zona de medios de vida, granos bÃ¡sicos y ganaderÃa 340010 Reserva del RÃo Platano 404001 Northwestern Pastoral Zone 404002 Turkwell Riverine Zone 404003 Northwestern Agropastoral Zone 404004 Lake Turkana Fishing 404005 Northern Pastoral Zone 404006 Marsabit Marginal Mixed Farming Zone 404007 Northeastern Agropastoral Zone 404008 Mandera Riverine Zone 404009 Northeastern Pastoral Zone 404010 Eastern Pastoral Zone 404011 Southeastern Pastoral Zone 404012 Coastal Medium Potential Farming Zone 404013 Coastal Marginal Agricultural Mixed Farming Zone 404014 Tana Riverine Zone 404015 Southern Pastoral Zone 404016 Southeastern Marginal Mixed Farming Zone 404017 Southeastern Medium Potential, Mixed Farming Zone 404018 Southern Agropastoral Zone 404019 Central Highlands, High Potential Zone 404020 Western Medium Potential Zone 404021 Western High Potential Zone 404022 Western Lakeshore Marginal Mixed Farming Zone 404023 Lake Victoria Fishing Zone 404024 Western Agropastoral Zone 426001 Northern Lowlands 426002 Southern Lowlands 426003 Foothills 426004 Mountains 426005 Senqu River Valley 430001 North-East Rice Farming Palm Oil 430002 North/Central Rice with Cassava and Market Gardening 430003 South-East Rice with Cassava 430004 Coastal Plain Cassava with Rice and Inland Fishing 430005 Coastal Fishing and Cassava 430006 Rice Intercropped and Forest Hunting 430007 Border Cacao and Coffee Farming 430008 Rubber and Charcoal with Food Crops 430009 Peri-Urban: Petty Trade, Market Gardening and Casual Employment 430010 Mining/Concession and Farming Zone 430098 National Parks 430099 Urban Areas 450001 Extreme north: sugar cane, fishing, tourism 450002 North: vanilla, clove, coconut tree 450003 Sofia River basin: tobacco, onion, fishing 450004 Northern highland: rice, zebu 450005 Betsiboka Delta: rice, fishing 450006 Upper Betsiboka: gold mining, rice, cows 450007 Aloatra: rice, fishing, livestock rearing 450008 Toamasina: cloves, coffee, trade 450009 West: rice, fishing, gathering 450010 Agropastoral midwest: rice, maize, pulses 450011 Central Iarivo: rice, market gardening, eucalyptus 450012 Moramanga: forest, petty trade, market gardening 450013 Center-east: litchi, coffee, citrus 450014 Ankaratra: staple crops, horticulture, milk 450015 Tsirobihina Delta: rice, fishing, pulses 450016 South-central peneplain: rice, onion, small livestock 450017 Southern highlands: staple crops, crafts, market gardening 450018 Corridor: forest products, banana 450019 Southeast: coffee, litchi, cassava 450020 Southwest: rice, lima bean 450021 Bara plateau: cows, cassava 450022 Center-south: staple crops, industrial sisal, zebu 450023 Mahafaly plateau: cassava 450024 Extreme south: cassava, maize, livestock rearing 454001 Central Karonga 454002 Chitipa Millet & Maize 454003 Kasungu Lilongwe Plain 454004 Lake Chilwa - Phalombe Plain 454005 Lower Shire 454006 Middle Shire Valley 454007 Misuku Hills 454008 Mzimba Self Sufficient 454009 Nkhata Bay Cassava 454010 Northern Karonga 454011 Northern Lakeshore 454012 Phirilongwe Hills 454013 Rift Valley Escarpment 454014 Shire Highlands 454015 Southern Lakeshore 454016 Thyolo Mulunje Tea Estates 454017 Western Rumphi & Mzimba 454018 Border Productive Horticulture 454019 Urban 454020 National Park 466001 Nomadism and Trans-Saharan Trade 466002 Northern Livestock 466003 Niger Loop Rice and Fishing 466004 Central Livestock, Millet, and Remittances 466005 Dogon Plateau Millet and Shallots 466006 Niger Delta Rice, Cattle, and Fishing 466007 Office du NigerRice and Market Gardening 466008 Northwestern Sorghum, Remittances, and Livestock 466009 Central Sorghum and Millet 466010 Southeastern Sorghum, Millet, and Cotton 466011 Southern Maize, Cotton, and Fruits 466012 Southwestern Maize, Livestock, and Gold Mining 466013 Center-eastern Millet and Livestock 466014 Lakes Recessional Millet and Sorghum 466015 Western Groundnut, Sorghum, and Maize 466016 Southwestern Gold Mining and Maize 466017 Urban 478001 Nomadic pastoralist 478002 Mine and pastoral 478003 Mixed pastoral, oases and wadis 478004 Littoral coastal fishing 478005 Pastoral and trade 478006 Transhumant pastoralism 478007 Agropastoralism 478008 Senegal valley agriculture 478009 Rainfed agriculture 508001 Lakeshore Basic Staples and Fishing 508002 Northern Highland Forest and Tourism 508003 Northwestern Tobacco and Maize 508004 Northern Cassava, Maize, and Forest 508005 Northern Highland with Mixed Cropping 508006 Northeastern Highland Forest 508007 Northeastern Cassava, Cashew, and Coconut 508008 North-Central Coastal Fishing 508009 Plains with Cassava, Rice, and Fishing 508010 Zambezi Valley with Maize and Fishing 508011 Northwestern Cropping and Cross-border Trade 508012 Coastal Sugarcane and Fishing 508013 Tete Highland Mixed Cropping, Tobbaco, and Cotton 508014 Cahora Bassa Dam Sesame and Cotton 508015 Central Semiarid Cotton and Minerals 508016 Manica Highland Mixed Cropping, Cotton, and Tobacco 508017 Central Manica and Sofala Mixed Cropping 508018 Cheringoma and Muanza Maize and Cassava 508019 Central Semiarid Pineapple and Cashew 508020 Southern Coastal Cassava, Coconut, and Fishing 508021 Southern Intermediate Mixed Cropping 508022 Southern Semiarid Cereals and Cattle 508023 Southeastern Rice 508024 Limpopo and Elephant Rivers Mixed Cropping 508025 Southern Coastal Rishing, Manioc, and Maize 508026 Southern Highland Cattle and Mixed Cropping 558000 Urban Area 558001 Pacific Coast Export Fishing, Aquaculture, Tourism and Livestock Zone 558002 Pacific Agro-Industrial and Transitional Agriculture Zone 558003 Northwest Subsistence Agriculture, Livestock and Alternate Income Activities Zone 558004 EstelÃ Traditional and Industrial Tobacco Zone 558005 Managua Peri-urban Free-Trade, Agro-industry and Services Zone 558006 East-Central Vegetables, Informal Trade, Industry and Tourism ZoneÂ 558007 Southern Pacific, Agriculture and High Migration Zone 558008 Central Cattle and Agricultural Frontier Zone 558009 Agriculture and Livestock with High Migration to Costa Rica Zone 558010 Caribbean Humid Tropical Agriculture Zone 558011 Northern Atlantic Agricultural Frontier and Mining Zone 558012 Coffee with Commercial Agriculture and Livestock Zone 558013 Northern Market-bound Basic Grains, Livestock and Coffee Zone 558014 Communal Forestry Zone 558015 Coco River Traditional Agriculture Zone 558016 Caribbean Coast Traditional Fishing Zone 558025 National Forest Reserve 562000 Not Zoned (Desert) 562001 North-east Oases: Dates, Salt and Trade 562002 AÃ¯r Massif Irrigated Gardening 562003 Transhumant and Nomad Pastoralism 562004 Agropastoral Belt 562005 Rainfed Millet and Sorghum Belt 562006 Cropping and Herding with High Work Outmigration 562007 Southern Irrigated Cash Crops 562008 Southwestern Cereals with Fan-Palm Products 562009 Niger River Irrigated Rice 562010 Dallols - Seasonal Water-Course Irrigated Crops 562011 Southeastern Natron Salt and Small Basin Irrigated Dates 562012 Komadougou Irrigated Peppers 562013 Lake Chad Flood-Retreat Cultivation with Fishing 562014 Transhumant and Nomad Pastoralism-Camels 566001 Coastal Fishing 566002 Southern Cocoa, Palm Oil, and Kola nut 566003 South-Central Yam, Cassava, and Banana 566004 Southeast Rice, Salt, and Granite 566005 Niger and Benue River Floodplain Rice and Fishing 566006 Central Plain Yam and Cassava 566007 Mambilla Plateau Cattle, Cocoa, and Tea 566008 Central Highland Maize and Soybean 566009 Northeastern Highland Maize, Cocoyam, Potatoes, and Livestock 566010 North-Central Maize, Sorghum, and Cotton 566011 Northern Floodplains Irrigated Rice, Wheat, and Vegetables 566012 Northeast Millet, Cowpea, and Sesame 566013 Sahel Mixed Cereals and Livestock 686000 Urban Area - Dakar 686001 The Niayes Gardening and Fishing 686002 Delta Rice, Horticulture, and Agricultural Labor 686003 Valley Rice and Remittances 686004 Dieri Millet and Remittances 686005 Rainfed Cowpea and Groundnut 686006 Sylvopatoral Livestock and Gathering 686007 Small Coast Fishing and Tourism 686008 Rainfed Groundnut and Millet 686009 Agropastoral Groundnut 686010 Rainfed Groundnut and Cereals 686011 Forest and Rainfed Rice 686012 Forest, Rainfed Rice, and Groundnut 686013 Rainfed Maize, Cotton, and Cattle 686014 Rainfed Maize and Lumber 686015 Rainfed Maize and Artisanal Gold Mining 686016 National Park 694000 Urban Area - Not Zoned 694001 Tonkolli Food Crops, Gold and Iron Ore 694002 Bombali Food Crops, Peppers, Tobacco and Livestock 694003 Western Rice, Root Crops, Cereals and Trade Belt 694004 Coastal Food Crops and Fishing 694005 Kailahun-Kenema-Pujehun Cash Crops, Food Crops and Trade 694006 Kono-Kenema-Bo Rice, Tree Crops and Timbers 694007 Koinadugu Food Crops, Livestock and Trade 694008 Follosoba Dembellia and Wara Wara Yagala Vegetables 694009 Freetown Peri-Urban 694010 Rice Bowl Areas 706001 Guban Pastoral 706002 West Golis Pastoral 706003 Northwestern Agropastoral 706004 Togdheer Agropastoral 706005 Hawd Pastoral 706006 Northern Inland Pastoral â€“ Goats and Sheep 706007 East Golis â€“ Frankincense, Goats, and Fishing 706008 Coastal Deeh Pastoral and Fishing 706009 Addun Pastoral 706010 Cowpea Belt Agropastoral 706011 Southern Inland Pastoral â€“ Camels, Goats, Sheep, and Cattle 706012 Southern Agropastoral â€“ Goats, Camels, and Sorghum 706013 Riverine Pump Irrigation 706014 Riverine Gravity Irrigation 706015 Sorghum High Potential Agropastoral 706016 Bay Bakool Low Potential Agropastoral 706017 Southern Rainfed Agropastoral â€“ Maize, Cattle, and Goats 706018 Juba Pastoral â€“ Cattle and Goats 706019 Urban 716000 Urban 716001 Agrofisheries 716002 Beitbridge South Western Lowveld Communal 716003 Bikita-Zaka Highlands Communal 716004 Central and Northern Semi Intensive Farming 716005 Cereal and High Cotton Communal 716006 Cereal and Low Cotton Communal 716007 Eastern Highlands Commercial Farming 716008 Eastern Highlands Prime Communal 716009 Eastern Kalahari Sandveld Communal 716010 Greater Mudzi Communal 716011 Highveld Prime Cereal and Cash Crop Resettlement 716012 Highveld Prime Communal 716013 Irrigated Commercial Sugar and Fruit Farming 716014 Kariba Valley and Kariangwe-Jambezi Communal 716015 Livestock and Cereal Farming Communal in Forests 716016 Lusulu, Lupane and Southern Gokwe Mixed Agriculture 716017 Masvingo Manicaland Middleveld Smallholder 716018 Matabeleland Middleveld Communal 716019 Mutorashanga Informal mining 716020 Mwenezi, Chivi and South Midland Communal 716021 Northern Cattle and Cereal Farming 716022 Northern Zambezi Valley Communal 716023 Save River Valley and Ndowoyo Communal 716024 Southern Cattle and Cereal Farming 716025 Western Kalahari Sandveld Communal 716026 National Park 728001 Equatorial maize and cassava 728002 Ironstone Plateau agro-pastoral 728003 Highland forest and sorghum 728004 Western groundnuts, sesame and sorghum 728005 Eastern semi-arid pastoral 728006 Eastern plains sorghum and cattle 728007 Greater Bahr el Ghazal sorghum and cattle 728008 Nile basin fishing and agro-pastoral 728009 Oil resources, maize and cattle 728010 Northeastern maize and cattle 728011 Northern sorhgum and livestock 729000 Not Zoned 729001 Northern Riverine Small-scale Cultivation 729002 Southern Riverine Small/Medium-scale Cultivation 729003 Eastern Pastoral 729004 West and Central Pastoral 729005 Eastern Khors Agropastoral 729006 Coastal Fishing 729007 Eastern Agropastoral Sorghum 729008 Flood-retreat Cultivation 729009 Central Irrigated Schemes 729010 Southeast Rainfed Semi-mechanized Agriculture 729011 Rainfed Sorghum Belt 729012 Western Agropastoral Millet and Groundnuts 729013 Western Agropastoral Millet 729014 Central Rainfed Millet and Sesame 729015 Jabel Marra Mixed Highland Cultivation 729016 Western Wadi Cultivation 729017 North Darfur Tobacco 729018 North Kordofan Gum Arabic Belt 729019 Cattle Dominant Agropastoral 800001 North Eastern Karamoja Highland Apiculture and Potato Zone 800002 Western Karamoja Mixed Crop Farming Zone 800003 South Eastern Karamoja Cattle Maize Zone 800004 Karamoja Mountain and Foot Hills Maize and Cattle Zone 800005 Central Karamoja Sorghum and Livestock Zone 800006 NE Sorghum Simsim Maize Livestock Zone 800007 North Kitgum Gulu Amuru West Nile Simsim Sorghum Livestock Zone 800008 Palabek Tobacco Simsim Sorghum and Cattle Zone 800009 South Kitgum Pader Abim Simsim Groundnuts Sorghum Cattle Zone 800010 Albertine West Nile Lowland Cattle Zone 800011 Kafu Muzizi Maize Upland Rice Cassava Zone 800012 Albertine Escarpment Cotton Cassava Zone 800013 Bwijanga Pakanyi SugarcaNE Maize Cassava Zone 800014 Karuma Masindi Oyam Tobacco Maize Cassava Zone 800015 West Nile Tobacco Cassava Sorghum Zone 800016 Rwenzori Mt.Elgon West Nile Arabica Coffee Banana Zone 800017 Amuru Gulu Rice Groundnut Sorghum Livestock Zone 800018 Southwest Gulu Beans Groundnuts Shoat Cassava 800019 Mid North Simsim Maize Cassava Zone 800020 Eastern Lowland Maize Beans Rice Zone 800021 Eastern Central Lowland Cassava Sorghum and Groundnut Zone 800022 Mt Elgon Highland Irish Potato Cereal Zone 800023 Central and Southern Cattle Cassava Maize Zone 800024 Lakeshore and Riverbank Fishing Zone 800025 Southeastern Maize Beans Robusta Coffee Zone 800026 Midwest Central and Lake Victoria Crescent Robusta Coffee Banana Maize and Cattle Zone 800027 Rwenzori Midland Banana Fruit Vegetable Dairy Zone 800028 Kazinga Channel Cassava Maize Fruit Vegetable Cotton Zone 800029 Rwenzori Lowland Maize Vegetable Banana Zone 800030 Southeastern Lowland Cassava Cereal Zone 800031 Eastern Lowland Rice Root Crop Zone 800032 Southeastern Lowland Cassava Maize Sweet Potato Zone 800033 East Central Plantation Outgrower Zone 800034 Kayunga Masaka Pineapple Banana Robusta Coffee and Cassava Zone 800035 SW Highland Irish Potato Sorghum Vegetable Zone 800036 Kalangala Fishing Oil Palm Cassava Zone 800037 Western Rift Valley Cocoa Coffee Cassava Zone 800038 Rwenzori Midland Tea and Dairy Zone 800039 Southwestern Midland Banana Robusta Coffee Cattle Zone 800040 SW Rift Valley Tobacco Bean Millet Zone 800041 Urban 800042 National Park 834001 Southern Maasai Pastoralist 834002 River Pangani Paddy and Maize Basin 834003 Tanga Maize and Cattle 834004 Tanga Maize and Sisal Employment 834005 Usambara-Pare Highland 834006 Tanga Maize, Orange, and Jackfruit Midlands 834007 Tanga-Pwani Coastal Maize, Paddy Belt 834008 Handeni-Bagamoyo Maize, Cassava, and Fruit Midlands 834009 Loliondo Midland Maize, Beans, and Livestock 834010 Lower Rombo Maize, Beans, and Finger Millet 834011 Kilimanjaro-Meru Maize, Coffee, and Plantains 834012 Karatu Wheat, Maize, and Coffee 834013 Lower Arusha-Simanjiro Maize 834014 Northern Maasai Pastoralist 834015 Nowu Maize, Beans, and Onions Highlands 834016 Babati Kwaraa Maize, Beans, Sunflower, and Coffee 834017 Kiteto-Kongwa-Mpwapwa-Mvomero Maize, Sorghum, and Pigeon Pea 834018 Mbulu-Karatu Midlands Maize, Beans, and Livestock 834019 Hadzabe Hunter-Gatherer Wild Honey, Wild Roots, and Wild Fruit 834020 Wembere Paddy, Sorghum, Maize, Sunflower, and Fishing 834021 Bahi-Sanza Irrigated Rice, Maize, Bulrush Millet, and Livestock 834022 Iramba Midland Onion, Maize, and Sunflower 834023 Manyoni Upland Maize, Sunflower, Sesame, and Livestock 834024 Tabora-Singida Midland Maize, Sunflower, and Livestock 834025 Singida-Manyara Maize, Sorghum, Beans, and Sunflower 834026 East and South Lakeshore Fishing, Cassava, and Upland Rice 834027 Western Lakeshore Coffee, Fishing, and Banana 834028 Kagera-Kigoma-Mara Banana, Coffee, and Beans 834029 Mwanza-Shinyanga-Mara Cotton, Livestock, Cassava, and Maize 834030 Kagera Lowlands Beans, Maize, and Livestock 834031 Shinyanga-Tabora Cotton, Upland Rice, Sweet Potato, and Livestock 834032 Sengerema-Geita Highland Cassava, Rice, and Maize 834033 Kagera-Kigoma Beans, Cassava, and Maize 834034 Kahama-Tabora Midland Tobacco, Maize, Rice, and Livestock 834035 Kishapu-Meatu-Maswa Sorghum, Cotton, Sweet Potato, and Livestock 834036 Urambo-Nzega Lowland Groundnuts, Cotton, and Maize 834037 Kigoma Lowland Palm Oil, Cassava, and Maize 834038 Urambo Agropastoral Maize and Sweet Potato 834039 Victoria Islands Fishing, Cassava, Sweet Potato, and Paddy 834040 Ruaha Riverine Maize, Onion, Tomato, and Paddy Lowlands 834041 Chalinze-Tunuguo Maize, Cattle, and Cassava 834042 Kilombero-Mtibwa Paddy, Maize, and Sugar Employment 834043 Kilombero-Ulanga-Lusewa Paddy, Maize, and Cassava 834044 Kilosa-Mvomero Maize and Paddy Lowlands 834045 Matombo-Kuyuni Spice, Maize, and Banana 834046 Bagamoyo-Kibaha Midland Cassava, Cashew, and Maize 834047 Morogoro Highland Maize and Vegetable 834048 Maskat-Kimbet Maize and Beans Highlands 834049 Newala-Masasi Plateau Sesame, Cassava, Cashew, and Sorghum 834050 Mtwara-Lindi Coastal Rice and Cashew 834051 Matumbi Midland Upland Rice, Oranges, and Maize 834052 Lindi-Nachingwea Lowland Cassava and Maize 834053 Southeastern Plateau Cassava, Cashew, and Bambara Nuts 834054 Mtwara-Lindi-Pwani Riverine 834055 Singida-Dodoma Sorghum, B/Millet, Sunflower, and Livestock 834056 Dodoma Lowland Sunflower, Grape, and Sorghum 834057 Mpanda Maize, Paddy, Sunflower, and Livestock 834058 Lake Tanganyika-Rukwa Fishing, Maize, and Sunflower 834059 Kyela Paddy, Cacao, and Palm Oil Lowlands 834060 Rungwe Banana, Coffee, Tea, and Livestock Midlands 834061 Mporoto-Umalila Irish Potato, Maize, Wheat, and Pyrethrum Highlands 834062 Mbozi-Mbeya Coffee, Maize, Beans, and Livestock Highlands 834063 Usangu Paddy, Maize, Sorghum, and Livestock Wetlands 834064 Kamsamba Paddy, Sorghum, and Livestock Lowlands 834065 Chunya Maize, Sunflower, Cassava, and Groundnut Midlands 834066 West Chunya Maize, Bulrush Millet, and Sesame Lowlands 834067 Lake Nyasa Shore Cassava Fishing and Paddy 834068 Namtumbo Tobacco, Maize, Paddy, and Cassava Midlands 834069 Matengo Coffee, Maize, Beans, and Piggery Midlands 834070 Songea-Namtumbo-Ludewa-Mibinga Maize, Beans, and Cassava Midlands 834071 Njombe-Mufindi Maize, Timber, Tea, Pyrethrum, and Employment 834072 Mtera Dam Fishing, Sorghum, and Sesame 834073 Makete Wheat, Irish Potato, Timber, and Employment Highlands 834074 Njombe-Mufindi Maize, Irish Potato, and Bean 834075 Iringa-Mbarali Maize, Sunflower, Beans, and Groundnut Belt 834076 Tunduru-Nachingwea-Nanyumbu Cashew, Cassava, and Paddy Lowlands 834077 Mpanda-Chunya-Sikonge Maize and Tobacco Lowlands 834078 Sumbawanga-Mbozi-Mpanda Maize, Sunflower, and Livestock 834098 Water 834099 Not Zoned 854001 South tubers and cereals 854002 Southwest fruits, cotton, and cereals 854003 West cotton and cereals 854004 West cereals and remittances 854005 Central plateau cereals and market gardening 854006 Ouagadougou peri-urban 854007 North and east livestock and cereals 854008 North transhumant pastoralism and millet 854009 Southeast cereals, livestock, forestry and faune 887001 Amran Rainfed Sorghum, Barley, Qat, and Livestock Zone 887002 Arabian Sea Coastal Irrigated Tropical Fruit, Fodder and Livestock Zone 887003 Central and Eastern Plateau Agro-Pastoral Zone 887004 Central and Eastern Wadi Palm, Wheat, Vegetable and Livestock Zone 887005 Central Highland Potato, Vegetable and Livestock Zone 887006 Eastern Plateau Sorghum, Millet and Livestock Zone 887007 Greater Yemen Coastal and Island Fishing Zone 887008 Northern and Eastern Desert Pastoral Zone 887009 Sa'adah Irrigated Wheat, Fruit, Vegetable, Qat, and Livestock Zone 887010 Western and Central Highland Qat, Grain, Fodder and Livestock Zone 887011 Western and Central Wadi Sorghum, Millet, Vegetable, Fruit and Livestock Zone 887012 Western Central Highland Coffee, Qat, Sorghum and Livestock Zone 887013 Western Central Highland Wheat, Sorghum, Qat, and Livestock Zone 887014 Western Coastal Plain Sorghum, Millet, and Livestock Zone 887015 Urban 894001 Zambezi Plain Rice, Livestock, and Fishing 894002 Southwestern Cereal, Livestock, and Timber 894003 Western and Northwestern Cassava, Maize, and Cattle 894004 Kaoma Smallholder Food Crop and Tobacco 894005 Northwestern Timber and Honey 894006 Solwezi and Kasempa Mining Labor and Agriculture 894007 Kafue Plain Maize, Cattle, and Fishing 894008 Commercial Rail Line Maize, Livestock, and Cotton 894009 Southern Plateau Cattle, Maize, and Tobacco 894010 Zambezi Valley Agro-fisheries 894011 Mkushi, Chisamba, and Mpongwe Commercial Farming Block 894012 Central Copperbelt Maize, Cassava, and Sweet Potato 894013 Copperbelt Labor and Trade 894014 Mkushi and Serenje Maize, Sweet Potato, and Horticulture 894015 Luangwa Valley Informal Mining, Fishing, and Hunting 894016 Eastern Plateau Maize, Cotton, and Groundnut 894017 Eastern Plateau Maize, Groundnut, Tobacco, and Trade 894018 Luangwa Valley Subsistence Farming, Hunting, and Tourism 894019 Northern Border Maize, Beans, Livestock, and Trade 894020 Muchinga, Northern, and Luapula Cassava, Groundnut, and Mill 894021 Mweru, Bangweulu, and Tanganyika Fisheries Social Variables -- TOPICS Proportion of land area used for agriculture (circa 2000) CROPLAND reports the proportion of land that is planted in crops, for a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The statistics reported in CROPLAND are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. CROPLAND is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. CROPLAND, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Proportion of land area used for pastureland (circa 2000) PASTURELAND reports the proportion of land that is used as pasture, for a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The pasture area statistics reported in PASTURELAND are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. PASTURELAND is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. PASTURELAND, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation monthly time-series PRECIP consists of a set of 72 separate variables. These variables report the average precipitation in millimeters, received within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, for the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, the month of the survey start date, and the 11 individual months following the survey start date. Note that "average" precipitation here refers to averaging the monthly precipitation values for the various subareas included in the buffer zone. By adding PRECIP to your data cart, you are in effect adding 72 separate variables for: the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, denoted by the number of months prior to the survey start date (e.g., PRECIP_01 is the average precipitation in the month before the survey start date; PRECIP_60 is the average precipitation in the 60th month before the survey start date); the month of the survey start date (PRECIP_00); the 11 individual months following the month of the survey start date, denoted by the number of months following the month of the survey start date (e.g., PRECIP_A01 is the average precipitation in the month following the month of the survey start date). The full set of monthly precipitation data, from January 1981 through August 2018, is available on the IPUMS-DHS contextual variables downloads [URL omitted from DDI.] page. Users can merge the precipitation data, available in csv format, with their IPUMS-DHS data extract to create average or total precipitation variables (e.g., average January precipitation, total 2017 precipitation), for the time frame suited to their research question. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 PRECIP available Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 60 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 59 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 58 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 57 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 56 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 55 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 54 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 53 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 52 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 51 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 50 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 49 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 48 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 47 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 46 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 45 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 44 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 43 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 42 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 41 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 40 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 39 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 38 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 37 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 36 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 35 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 34 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 33 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 32 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 31 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 30 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 29 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 28 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 27 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 26 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 25 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 24 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 23 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 22 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 21 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 20 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 19 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 18 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 17 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 16 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 15 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 14 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 13 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 12 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 11 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 10 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 9 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 8 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 7 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 6 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 5 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 4 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 3 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 2 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 1 month before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation month of survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 1 month after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 2 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 3 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 4 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 5 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 6 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 7 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 8 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 9 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 10 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 11 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum monthly temperature TEMPMIN consists of a set of 72 separate variables reporting minimum monthly temperatures. These variables report the average minimum temperature in kelvin scale, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, for the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, the month of the survey start date, and the 11 individual months following the survey start date. Note that "average" minimum temperature here refers to averaging the minimum temperature values for the various subareas included in the buffer zone. By adding TEMPMIN to your data cart, you are in effect adding 72 separate variables for: the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, denoted by the number of months prior to the survey start date (e.g., TEMPMIN_01 is the average minimum temperature in the month before the survey start date; TEMPMIN _60 is the average minimum temperature in the 60th month before the survey start date) the month of the survey start date (TEMPMIN _00) the 11 individual months following the month of the survey start date, denoted by the number of months following the month of the survey start date (e.g., TEMPMIN_A01 is the average minimum temperature in the month following the month of the survey start date) The full set of monthly temperature data, from January 1980 through December 2016, is available on the IPUMS-DHS contextual variables downloads [URL omitted from DDI.] page. Users can merge the temperature data, available in csv format, with their IPUMS-DHS data extract to create average or total precipitation variables (e.g., average minimum January temperature), for the time frame suited to their research question. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 TEMPMAX available Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 60 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 59 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 58 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 57 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 56 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 55 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 54 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 53 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 52 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 51 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 50 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 49 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 48 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 47 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 46 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 45 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 44 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 43 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 42 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 41 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 40 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 39 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 38 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 37 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 36 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 35 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 34 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 33 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 32 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 31 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 30 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 29 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 28 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 27 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 26 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 25 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 24 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 23 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 22 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 21 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 20 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 19 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 18 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 17 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 16 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 15 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 14 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 13 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 12 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 11 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 10 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 9 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 8 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 7 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 6 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 5 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 4 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 3 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 2 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 1 month before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature month of survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 1 month after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 2 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 3 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 4 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 5 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 6 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 7 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 8 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 9 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 10 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 11 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum monthly temperature TEMPMAX consists of a set of 72 separate variables reporting maximum monthly temperatures. These variables report the average maximum temperature in kelvin scale, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, for the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, the month of the survey start date, and the 11 individual months following the survey start date. Note that "average" maximum temperature here refers to averaging the maximum temperature values for the various subareas included in the buffer zone. By adding TEMPMAX to your data cart, you are in effect adding 72 separate variables for: the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, denoted by the number of months prior to the survey start date (e.g., TEMPMAX_01 is the average maximum temperature in the month before the survey start date; TEMPMAX _60 is the average maximum temperature in the 60th month before the survey start date) the month of the survey start date (TEMPMAX _00) the 11 individual months following the month of the survey start date, denoted by the number of months following the month of the survey start date (e.g., TEMPMAX_A01 is the average maximum temperature in the month following the month of the survey start date). The full set of monthly temperature data, from January 1980 through December 2016, is available on the IPUMS-DHS contextual variables downloads [URL omitted from DDI.] page. Users can merge the temperature data, available in csv format, with their IPUMS-DHS data extract to create average or total precipitation variables (e.g., average maximum July temperature), for the time frame suited to their research question. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 TEMPMAX available Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 60 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 59 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 58 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 57 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 56 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 55 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 54 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 53 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 52 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 51 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 50 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 49 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 48 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 47 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 46 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 45 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 44 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 43 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 42 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 41 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 40 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 39 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 38 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 37 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 36 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 35 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 34 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 33 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 32 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 31 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 30 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 29 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 28 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 27 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 26 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 25 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 24 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 23 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 22 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 21 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 20 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 19 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 18 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 17 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 16 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 15 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 14 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 13 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 12 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 11 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 10 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 9 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 8 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 7 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 6 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 5 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 4 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 3 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 2 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 1 month before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature month of survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 1 month after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 2 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 3 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 4 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 5 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 6 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 7 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 8 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 9 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 10 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 11 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Population density quinquennial time-series (2000-2020) POPDENSITY consists of a set of 5 separate variables. These variables report the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. By adding POPDENSITY to your data cart, you are in effect adding 5 separate variables (POPDENSITY_2000 - POPDENSITY_2020), one variable for each month. Values for POPDENSITY are based onÂ population projections from the results of the 2000 and 2010 rounds of censuses. POPDENSITY variables can be used as indicators of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, for greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. POPDENSITY, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 POPDENSITY available Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2000 POPDENSITY_2000 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2000. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2000 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2000 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2000 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2005 POPDENSITY_2005 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2005. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2005 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2005 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2005 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2010 POPDENSITY_2010 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2010. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2010 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2010 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2010 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2015 POPDENSITY_2015 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2015. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2015 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2015 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2015 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2020 POPDENSITY_2020 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2020. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2020 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2020 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Values for POPDENSITY_2020 are based on population projections from the results of the 2010 round of censuses, which occurred between 2005 and 2014. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2020 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Battles annual time-series BATTLES consists of a set of 22 separate variables, each covering one year from 1997 to 2018. The variables report the number of days, within the specified year, in which battles occurred within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. By adding BATTLES to your data cart, you are in effect adding 22 separate variables (BATTLES_1997 to BATTLES_2018), one variable for each year. The 2018 data in IPUMS-DHS end on September 15, 2018. Data for BATTLES are obtained from the Armed Conflict Location and Event Data Project ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.], downloaded on September 15, 2018. According to ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.], data on BATTLES include: Battles with no change in territory (a battle between two violent armed groups where control of the contested location does not change); Battles in which a non-state actor overtakes territory (a battle where non-state actors win control of a location); Battles in which the government regains territory (a battle in which the government regains control of a location). Users should be aware that all three kinds of battles are included in the variable BATTLES. Also, ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.] data provide differing levels of "geo-precision" or locational accuracy. IPUMS-DHS includes all levels ofÂ locational accuracyÂ in its variable BATTLES. Please refer to ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.] for additional details on ACLED's procedures, methods of data collection, and data revision. BATTLES, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 BATTLES available Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 1997 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 1998 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 1999 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2000 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2001 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2002 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2003 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2004 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2005 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2006 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2007 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2008 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2009 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2010 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2011 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2012 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2013 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2014 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2015 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2016 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2017 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2018 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Riots annual time-series RIOTS consists of a set of 22 separate variables, each covering one year from 1997 to 2018. The variables report the number of days, within the specified year, in which riots or protests occurred within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. By adding RIOTS to your data cart, you are in effect adding 22 separate variables (RIOTS_1997 to RIOTS_2018), one variable for each year. The 2018 data in IPUMS-DHS end on September 15, 2018. Data for RIOTS are obtained from the Armed Conflict Location and Event Data Project ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.], downloaded on September 15, 2018. The RIOTS variable counts incidents of organized demonstrations (against political entities, businesses, or private institutions) involving non-violent protestors or rioters (demonstrators employing violence), as well as spontaneous acts of violence by disorganized groups (targeting property or clashing with other groups or security institutions). Also, ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.] data provide differing levels of "geo-precision" or locational accuracy. IPUMS-DHS includes all levels of locational accuracy in its variable RIOTS. Please refer to ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.] for additional details on ACLED's procedures, methods of data collection, and data revision. RIOTS, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 RIOTS available Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 1997 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 1998 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 1999 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2000 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2001 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2002 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2003 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2004 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2005 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2006 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2007 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2008 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2009 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2010 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2011 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2012 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2013 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2014 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2015 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2016 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2017 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2018 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Violence against civilians annual time-series CIV_VIOLENCE consists of a set of 22 separate variables, each covering one year from 1997 to 2018. The variables report the number of days, within the specified year, in which violence against civilians occurred within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. By adding CIV_VIOLENCE to your data cart, you are in effect adding 22 separate variables (CIV_VIOLENCE_1997 to CIV_VIOLENCE_2018), one variable for each year. The 2018 data in IPUMS-DHS end on September 15, 2018. Data for CIV_VIOLENCE are obtained from the Armed Conflict Location and Event Data Project ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.], downloaded on September 15, 2018. The Armed Conflict Location and Event Data Project (ACLED) defines violence against civilians as deliberate acts perpetrated by an organized political group (such as rebel, militia, or government forces) against unarmed non-combatants who are unable to defend themselves or engage in violence. Such conflicts harm or kill civilians, through events resulting in significant harm (e.g., bombing, shooting, torture, rape, mutilation) or accosting victims (kidnapping and disappearances); however, no fatalities are required for inclusion of the event. Events in which only property damage occurs or people are relocated without physical harm do not count as incidents of violence against civilians. ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.] data provide differing levels of "geo-precision" or locational accuracy. IPUMS-DHS includes all levels of locational accuracy in its variable CIV_VIOLENCE. Please refer to ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.] for additional details on their procedures, methods of data collection, and data revision. CIV_VIOLENCE, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 CIV_VIOLENCE available Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 1997 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 1998 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 1999 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2000 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2001 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2002 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2003 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2004 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2005 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2006 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2007 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2008 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2009 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2010 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2011 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2012 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2013 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2014 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2015 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2016 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2017 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2018 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area barley (in 2000) BARLEY_H reports total harvested area dedicated to barley, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in BARLEY_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable BARLEY_P reports total crop production of barley, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. BARLEY_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area cassava (in 2000) CASSAVA_H reports total harvested area dedicated to cassava, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in CASSAVA_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable CASSAVA_P reports total crop production of cassava, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. CASSAVA_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area cotton (in 2000) COTTON_H reports total harvested area dedicated to cotton, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in COTTON_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable COTTON_P reports total crop production of cotton, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. COTTON_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area groundnuts (in 2000) GROUNDNUT_H reports total harvested area dedicated to groundnuts, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in GROUNDNUT_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable GROUNDNUT_P reports total crop production of groundnuts, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. GROUNDNUT_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area maize (in 2000) MAIZE_H reports total harvested area dedicated to maize, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in MAIZE_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable MAIZE_P reports total crop production of maize, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. MAIZE_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area millet (in 2000) MILLET_H reports total harvested area dedicated to millet, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in MILLET_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable MILLET_P reports total crop production of millet, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. MILLET_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area oilpalm (in 2000) OILPALM_H reports total harvested area dedicated to oil palm, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in OILPALM_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable OILPALM_P reports total crop production of oil palm, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. OILPALM_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area potatoes (in 2000) POTATO_H reports total harvested area dedicated to potatoes, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in POTATO_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable POTATO_P reports total crop production of potatoes, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. POTATO_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area rapeseed (in 2000) RAPESEED_H reports total harvested area dedicated to rapeseed, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in RAPESEED_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RAPESEED_P reports total crop production of rapeseed, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RAPESEED_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area rice (in 2000) RICE_H reports total harvested area dedicated to rice, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in RICE_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RICE_P reports total crop production of rice, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RICE_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area sorghum (in 2000) SORGHUM_H reports total harvested area dedicated to sorghum, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SORGHUM_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SORGHUM_P reports total crop production of sorghum, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SORGHUM_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area soybeans (in 2000) SOYBEAN_H reports total harvested area dedicated to soybeans, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SOYBEAN_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SOYBEAN_P reports total crop production of soybean, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SOYBEAN_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area sugarbeets (in 2000) SUGARBEET_H reports total harvested area dedicated to sugar beets, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SUGARBEET_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUGARBEET_P reports total crop production of sugar beets, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUGARBEET_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area sugarcane (in 2000) SUGARCANE_H reports total harvested area dedicated to sugar cane, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SUGARCANE_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUGARCANE_P reports total crop production of sugar cane, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUGARCANE_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area sunflowers (in 2000) SUNFLOWER_H reports total harvested area dedicated to sunflowers, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SUNFLOWER_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUNFLOWER_P reports total crop production of sunflowers, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUNFLOWER_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area wheat (in 2000) WHEAT_H reports total harvested area dedicated to wheat, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in WHEAT_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable WHEAT_P reports total crop production of wheat, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. WHEAT_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area rye (in 2000) RYE_H reports total harvested area dedicated to rye, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in RYE_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RYE_P reports total crop production of rye, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RYE_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total barley production (in 2000) BARLEY_P reports the total crop production of barley, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in BARLEY_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable BARLEY_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to barley, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. BARLEY_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total cassava production (in 2000) CASSAVA_P reports the total crop production of cassava, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in CASSAVA_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable CASSAVA_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to cassava, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. CASSAVA_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total cotton production (in 2000) COTTON_P reports the total crop production of cotton, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in COTTON_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable COTTON_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to cotton, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. COTTON_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total groundnut production (in 2000) GROUNDNUT_P reports the total crop production of groundnuts, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in GROUNDNUT_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable GROUNDNUT_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to groundnuts, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. GROUNDNUT_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total maize production (in 2000) MAIZE_P reports the total crop production of maize, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in MAIZE_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable MAIZE_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to maize, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. MAIZE_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total millet production (in 2000) MILLET_P reports the total crop production of millet, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in MILLET_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable MILLET_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to millet, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. MILLET_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total oilpalm production (in 2000) OILPALM_P reports the total crop production of oil palm, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in OILPALM_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable OILPALM_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to oil palm, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. OILPALM_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total potato production (in 2000) POTATO_P reports the total crop production of potatoes, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in POTATO_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable POTATO_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to potatoes, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. POTATO_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total rapeseed production (in 2000) RAPESEED_P reports the total crop production of rapeseed, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in RAPESEED_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RAPESEED_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to rapeseed, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RAPESEED_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total rice production (in 2000) RICE_P reports the total crop production of rice, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in RICE_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RICE_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to rice, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RICE_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total sorghum production (in 2000) SORGHUM_P reports the total crop production of sorghum, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SORGHUM_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SORGHUM_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to sorghum, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SORGHUM_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total soybean production (in 2000) SOYBEAN_P reports the total crop production of soybeans, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SOYBEAN_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SOYBEAN_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to soybeans, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SOYBEAN_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total sugarbeet production (in 2000) SUGARBEET_P reports the total crop production of sugar beets, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SUGARBEET_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUGARBEET_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to sugar beets, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUGARBEET_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total sugarcane production (in 2000) SUGARCANE_P reports the total crop production of sugar cane, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SUGARCANE_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUGARCANE_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to sugar cane, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUGARCANE_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total sunflower production (in 2000) SUNFLOWER_P reports the total crop production of sunflowers, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SUNFLOWER_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUNFLOWER_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to sunflowers, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUNFLOWER_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total wheat production (in 2000) WHEAT_P reports the total crop production of wheat, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in WHEAT_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable WHEAT_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to wheat, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. WHEAT_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total rye production (in 2000) RYE_P reports the total crop production of rye, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in RYE_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RYE_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to rye, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RYE_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS IPUMS-DHS sample identifier SAMPLE identifies the DHS sample from which the case is drawn. Each sample receives a unique 5-digit code. The first three digits are ISO/UN codes used in COUNTRY, and the last two digits identify the sample within the country, ordered by survey year. The related variable SAMPLESTR is a string variable that identifies the DHS sample with the same 5-digit code. 00101 Model 2015 00401 Afghanistan 2015 02401 Angola 2015 05001 Bangladesh 1994 05002 Bangladesh 1996-97 05003 Bangladesh 1999-00 05004 Bangladesh 2004 05005 Bangladesh 2007 05006 Bangladesh 2011 05007 Bangladesh 2014 10401 Myanmar 2015 10801 Burundi 1987 10802 Burundi 2010 10803 Burundi 2016 11601 Cambodia 2000 11602 Cambodia 2005 11603 Cambodia 2010 11604 Cambodia 2014 12001 Cameroon 1991 12002 Cameroon 1998 12003 Cameroon 2004 12004 Cameroon 2011 14801 Chad 1996-97 14802 Chad 2004 14803 Chad 2014 18001 Congo Democratic Republic 2007 18002 Congo Democratic Republic 2013-14 20401 Benin 1996 20402 Benin 2001 20403 Benin 2006 20404 Benin 2011 23101 Ethiopia 2000 23102 Ethiopia 2005 23103 Ethiopia 2011 23104 Ethiopia 2016 28801 Ghana 1988 28802 Ghana 1993 28803 Ghana 1998 28804 Ghana 2003 28805 Ghana 2008 28806 Ghana 2014 32001 Guatemala 1987 32002 Guatemala 1995 32003 Guatemala 2015 32401 Guinea 1999 32402 Guinea 2005 32403 Guinea 2012 35601 India 1992-93 35602 India 1998-99 35603 India 2005-06 35604 India 2015-16 38401 Cote d'Ivoire 1994 38402 Cote d'Ivoire 1998 38403 Cote d'Ivoire 2011 40001 Jordan 1990 40002 Jordan 1997 40003 Jordan 2002 40004 Jordan 2007 40005 Jordan 2009 40006 Jordan 2012 40007 Jordan 2017-18 40401 Kenya 1989 40402 Kenya 1993 40403 Kenya 1998 40404 Kenya 2003 40405 Kenya 2008-9 40406 Kenya 2014 42601 Lesotho 2004 42602 Lesotho 2009 42603 Lesotho 2014 45001 Madagascar 1992 45002 Madagascar 1997 45003 Madagascar 2003 45004 Madagascar 2008 45401 Malawi 1992 45402 Malawi 2000 45403 Malawi 2004 45404 Malawi 2010 45405 Malawi 2016 46601 Mali 1987 46602 Mali 1995-6 46603 Mali 2001 46604 Mali 2006 46605 Mali 2012 50401 Morocco 1987 50402 Morocco 1992 50403 Morocco 2003 50801 Mozambique 1997 50802 Mozambique 2003 50803 Mozambique 2011 51601 Namibia 1992 51602 Namibia 2000 51603 Namibia 2006 51604 Namibia 2013 52401 Nepal 1996 52402 Nepal 2001 52403 Nepal 2006 52404 Nepal 2011 52405 Nepal 2016 56201 Niger 1992 56202 Niger 1998 56203 Niger 2006 56204 Niger 2012 56601 Nigeria 1990 56602 Nigeria 1999 56603 Nigeria 2003 56604 Nigeria 2008 56605 Nigeria 2013 58601 Pakistan 1990-91 58602 Pakistan 2006-07 58603 Pakistan 2012-13 58604 Pakistan 2017-18 60401 Peru 1991-92 60402 Peru 1996 60403 Peru 2000 60404 Peru 2004-08 60405 Peru 2010 60406 Peru 2011 60407 Peru 2012 64601 Rwanda 1992 64602 Rwanda 2000 64603 Rwanda 2005 64604 Rwanda 2010 64605 Rwanda 2014 68601 Senegal 1986 68602 Senegal 1992-93 68603 Senegal 1997 68604 Senegal 2005 68605 Senegal 2010-11 68606 Senegal 2012-13 68607 Senegal 2014 68608 Senegal 2015 68609 Senegal 2016 68610 Senegal 2017 71001 South Africa 1998 71002 South Africa 2016 71601 Zimbabwe 1988 71602 Zimbabwe 1994 71603 Zimbabwe 1999 71604 Zimbabwe 2005-6 71605 Zimbabwe 2010-11 71606 Zimbabwe 2015 72901 Sudan 1989-90 78801 Tunisia 1988 79201 Turkey 1993 79202 Turkey 1998 79203 Turkey 2003 80001 Uganda 1988 80002 Uganda 1995 80003 Uganda 2001 80004 Uganda 2006 80005 Uganda 2011 80006 Uganda 2016 81801 Egypt 1988 81802 Egypt 1992 81803 Egypt 1995 81804 Egypt 2000 81805 Egypt 2005 81806 Egypt 2008 81807 Egypt 2014 83401 Tanzania 1991 83402 Tanzania 1996 83403 Tanzania 1999 83404 Tanzania 2004 83405 Tanzania 2010 83406 Tanzania 2015 85401 Burkina Faso 1993 85402 Burkina Faso 1998 85403 Burkina Faso 2003 85404 Burkina Faso 2010 88701 Yemen 1991-92 88702 Yemen 2013 89401 Zambia 1992 89402 Zambia 1996 89403 Zambia 2001 89404 Zambia 2007 89405 Zambia 2013 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS IPUMS-DHS sample identifier (string) SAMPLESTR is a string variable that identifies the DHS sample from which the case is drawn. Each sample receives a unique 5-digit code. The first three digits are ISO/UN codes used in COUNTRY, and the last two digits identify the sample within the country, ordered by survey year. The related variable SAMPLE is a numeric variable that identifies the DHS sample with the same 5-digit code. 11603 Cambodia 2010 11602 Cambodia 2005 11601 Cambodia 2000 10803 Burundi 2016 10802 Burundi 2010 10801 Burundi 1987 10401 Myanmar 2015 05007 Bangladesh 2014 05006 Bangladesh 2011 05005 Bangladesh 2007 05004 Bangladesh 2004 05003 Bangladesh 1999-00 05001 Bangladesh 1994 05002 Bangladesh 1996-97 14801 Chad 1996-97 12004 Cameroon 2011 12003 Cameroon 2004 14803 Chad 2014 18001 Congo Democratic Republic 2007 18002 Congo Democratic Republic 2013-14 20401 Benin 1996 81807 Egypt 2014 81806 Egypt 2008 81805 Egypt 2005 81804 Egypt 2000 81803 Egypt 1995 81802 Egypt 1992 81801 Egypt 1988 80006 Uganda 2016 80005 Uganda 2011 80004 Uganda 2006 80003 Uganda 2001 80002 Uganda 1995 80001 Uganda 1988 79203 Turkey 2003 79202 Turkey 1998 79201 Turkey 1993 78801 Tunisia 1988 72901 Sudan 1989-90 71606 Zimbabwe 2015 71605 Zimbabwe 2010-11 71604 Zimbabwe 2005-6 71603 Zimbabwe 1999 71602 Zimbabwe 1994 71601 Zimbabwe 1988 71001 South Africa 1998 68610 Senegal 2017 68609 Senegal 2016 68608 Senegal 2015 68607 Senegal 2014 14802 Chad 2004 68606 Senegal 2012-13 68605 Senegal 2010-11 68604 Senegal 2005 68603 Senegal 1997 68602 Senegal 1992-93 68601 Senegal 1986 64605 Rwanda 2014 64604 Rwanda 2010 64603 Rwanda 2005 64602 Rwanda 2000 64601 Rwanda 1992 60407 Peru 2012 60406 Peru 2011 60405 Peru 2010 60404 Peru 2004-08 60403 Peru 2000 60402 Peru 1996 60401 Peru 1991-92 58603 Pakistan 2012-13 58602 Pakistan 2006-07 58601 Pakistan 1990-91 56605 Nigeria 2013 56604 Nigeria 2008 56603 Nigeria 2003 56602 Nigeria 1999 56601 Nigeria 1990 56204 Niger 2012 56203 Niger 2006 56202 Niger 1998 12002 Cameroon 1998 12001 Cameroon 1991 11604 Cambodia 2014 02401 Angola 2015 00401 Afghanistan 2015 00101 Model 2015 56201 Niger 1992 52404 Nepal 2011 52403 Nepal 2006 52402 Nepal 2001 52401 Nepal 1996 51604 Namibia 2013 51603 Namibia 2006 51602 Namibia 2000 51601 Namibia 1992 50803 Mozambique 2011 50802 Mozambique 2003 50801 Mozambique 1997 50403 Morocco 2003 50402 Morocco 1992 50401 Morocco 1987 46605 Mali 2012 46604 Mali 2006 46603 Mali 2001 46602 Mali 1995-6 46601 Mali 1987 45405 Malawi 2016 45404 Malawi 2010 45403 Malawi 2004 45402 Malawi 2000 45401 Malawi 1992 45004 Madagascar 2008 45003 Madagascar 2003 45002 Madagascar 1997 45001 Madagascar 1992 42603 Lesotho 2014 42602 Lesotho 2009 42601 Lesotho 2004 40406 Kenya 2014 40405 Kenya 2008-9 40404 Kenya 2003 40403 Kenya 1998 40402 Kenya 1993 40401 Kenya 1989 40006 Jordan 2012 40005 Jordan 2009 40004 Jordan 2007 40003 Jordan 2002 40002 Jordan 1997 40001 Jordan 1990 38403 Cote d'Ivoire 2011 38402 Cote d'Ivoire 1998 38401 Cote d'Ivoire 1994 35604 India 2015-16 35603 India 2005-06 35602 India 1998-99 35601 India 1992-93 32403 Guinea 2012 32402 Guinea 2005 32401 Guinea 1999 32003 Guatemala 2015 32002 Guatemala 1995 32001 Guatemala 1987 28806 Ghana 2014 28805 Ghana 2008 28804 Ghana 2003 28803 Ghana 1998 28802 Ghana 1993 28801 Ghana 1988 23104 Ethiopia 2016 23103 Ethiopia 2011 23102 Ethiopia 2005 23101 Ethiopia 2000 20404 Benin 2011 20403 Benin 2006 20402 Benin 2001 83401 Tanzania 1991 83402 Tanzania 1996 83403 Tanzania 1999 83404 Tanzania 2004 83405 Tanzania 2010 83406 Tanzania 2015 85401 Burkina Faso 1993 85402 Burkina Faso 1998 85403 Burkina Faso 2003 85404 Burkina Faso 2010 88701 Yemen 1991-92 88702 Yemen 2013 89401 Zambia 1992 89402 Zambia 1996 89403 Zambia 2001 89404 Zambia 2007 89405 Zambia 2013 40007 Jordan 2017 52405 Nepal 2016 58604 Pakistan 2017-18 71002 South Africa 2016 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Country COUNTRY reports the country where the survey was fielded. The codes assigned to each country are those used by the UN Statistics Division and the ISO (International Organization for Standardization). 001 Model 004 Afghanistan 024 Angola 050 Bangladesh 104 Myanmar 108 Burundi 116 Cambodia 120 Cameroon 148 Chad 180 Congo Democratic Republic 204 Benin 231 Ethiopia 288 Ghana 320 Guatemala 324 Guinea 356 India 384 Cote d'Ivoire 400 Jordan 404 Kenya 426 Lesotho 450 Madagascar 454 Malawi 466 Mali 504 Morocco 508 Mozambique 516 Namibia 524 Nepal 562 Niger 566 Nigeria 586 Pakistan 604 Peru 646 Rwanda 686 Senegal 710 South Africa 716 Zimbabwe 729 Sudan 788 Tunisia 792 Turkey 800 Uganda 818 Egypt 834 Tanzania 854 Burkina Faso 887 Yemen 894 Zambia Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Year of sample YEAR reports the year when the survey was fielded, as a four-digit variable. In some cases, the DHS was conducted over the course of two years (e.g., Ethiopia 2010-2011), but YEAR always gives a single year. For full information about the timing of the surveys, please consult the IPUMS-DHS Sample Descriptions page. 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 2017 2017 2018 2018 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Unique cross-sample respondent identifier IDHSPID is an identifying number unique to person in a given sample. It is a concatenation of SAMPLE and CASEID. IDHSPID is a 22-character string variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Unique cross-sample household identifier IDHSHID is an identifying number unique to a specific household in a given sample. It is a concatenation of SAMPLE, CLUSTERNO and HHNUM. IDHSHID is a 19-character string variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Key to link DHS clusters to context data (string) DHSID is the 14-character DHS identification code for DHS clusters constructed from the 2-character country code, the 4-digit survey year, and the 8-digit cluster identification number. DHSID is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample and uniquely identifies clusters across samples. It serves as the unique linking key between IPUMS-DHS microdata and DHS cluster shapefiles. This is a 14-digit numeric variable with 0 implied decimal places Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Unique sample-case PSU identifier IDHSPSU is an identifying number unique to the primary sampling unit in a given sample. This variable is a concatenation of SAMPLE (which uniquely identifies each country- and year-specific sample) and PSU (the numbered primary sampling units within a given sample). Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Unique cross-sample sampling strata IDHSSTRATA is an identifying number unique to the sampling strata in a given sample. This variable is a concatenation of SAMPLE (which uniquely identifies each country- and year-specific sample) and STRATA (groups of geographically similar areas, from which primary sampling units are drawn). Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific respondent identifier CASEID is the unique identifier for each woman in a given sample year. Using CASEID and CLUSTERNO, analysts can link IPUMS-DHS data to the original DHS datasets to attach variables that are not currently available in IPUMS-DHS. For example, researchers can use CASEID and CLUSTERNO to link variables from the IPUMS-DHS with other variables from the Woman's Recode file to merge country-specific variables, or to the Household or Couples Recode file to attach variables that are not yet part of IPUMS-DHS. In most samples, users can identify women who are in the same household by using the first 12 characters of CASEID (and CLUSTERNO (V001)), as this indicates a unique household identifier. CASEID is generally created by The DHS Program using the variables CLUSTERNO (V001), HHNUM (V002), and LINENO (V003), with the last three characters indicating the respondent's line number in the household file. For instructions on how to create links between IPUMS-DHS data and DHS source data, see the User Note on "Merging IDHS and DHS Data." [URL omitted from DDI.] CASEID is a 18-character string variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific household identifier HHID is an identifying number unique to each household in a given sample. HHID is a 15-character string variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific primary sampling unit PSU (V021) is the variable indicating the primary sampling unit or PSU. It should be used along with the variable DOMAIN (V023) to account for the impact of the sample design clustering on the variance estimates and standard errors. The DHS Recode Manuals for Phase 2 forward describe this variable as follows: Primary sampling unit is a number assigned to sample points to identify the primary sampling units for use in the calculation of sampling errors. This variable is usually the same as the cluster number and/or the ultimate area unit, but may differ if the sample design required a multistage selection process. See the notes on DHS webpage "Using sample weights" [URL omitted from DDI.] on variance estimation for additional information. PSU (V021) is a 6-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific sampling strata STRATA (V022) defines the pairings or groupings of primary sampling units used in the calculation of sampling errors when using the Taylor series expansion method. In two-stage sampling, The DHS Program may first group small geographic areas, such as enumeration areas from the last census, into broad strata defined jointly by region and urban versus rural areas within a region. In the second stage of sampling, a subset of geographic areas (sample clusters) are selected as the sites for interviewing from within defined strata. STRATA is not the same as DOMAIN (V023). (Domains represent statistically representative areas for which valid summary statistics can be calculated for a survey, such as provinces and national urban versus rural combined areas, as described in the survey's final report.) The DHS Program recommends using STRATA along with the variable PSU (V021) to account for the impact of the sample design clustering on the estimates of variance and standard errors. Users are strongly encouraged to review the FAQ section provided by The DHS Program on specifying stratification and clustering here [URL omitted from DDI.], using Stata or SPSS to account for sample design. STRATA (V022) is a 5-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific domain DOMAIN (V023) defines the basic geographic units for which the sample was designed to yield representative estimates. The DHS Recode Manual describes DOMAIN as follows: For example, if the sample was designed to be self-weighting within region, this variable would define those regions; if the sample was designed to be self-weighting within major urban areas, other urban areas and rural areas, this variable would define the major urban, other urban and rural areas. If the sample is self-weighted at the national level, this variable is code 0. When national estimates are desired, users should include survey design variables, including DOMAIN (V023) and PSU (V021), and the correct sample weights (e.g., PERWEIGHT (V005)) to adjust sampling errors to account for DHS' sample design. In most countries, DOMAIN defines the stratification for the sample (generally either regional or national). However, some countries use two levels of stratification, such as region and urban/rural areas. Users should check for the correct stratification design by consulting the Final Report(s) for the sample(s) of interest (particularly the Introduction and Sample Design sections and Implementation Appendix). DOMAIN is a 5-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Household number in cluster HHNUM (V002) is the number identifying the household in which the respondent was interviewed, within each sample. To identify unique households in most samples, researchers must use HHNUM with CLUSTERNO (V001). For most samples, HHNUM and CLUSTERNO can be used to merge IPUMS-DHS data from the women's file to DHS Household Recode files, to incorporate household variables not yet available in the IPUMS-DHS. However, in some household files, HHNUM and CLUSTERNO do not uniquely identify households in the DHS Household Recode file. For information about the IPUMS-DHS samples where HHNUM and CLUSTERNO are not sufficient to uniquely identify households, and for guidance on what further steps to take for linking files in such cases, please consult the User Note on Linking. [URL omitted from DDI.] HHNUM is a 4-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific cluster number CLUSTERNO (V001) reports the cluster number for the person's de facto residence. According to the DHS Sampling Manual, "A cluster is the smallest geographical survey statistical unit for DHS surveys. It consists of a number of adjacent households in a geographical area. For DHS surveys, a cluster corresponds either to an [enumeration area], or a segment of a large [enumeration area]." The most recent census for a country, which divided all territory into enumeration areas to ensure full coverage of the population, often provides the sampling frame for a DHS survey. CLUSTERNO is the variable indicating the primary sampling unit or PSU. It should be used along with the variable STRATA to account for the impact of the sample design clustering on the estimates of variance and standard errors. See the notes on DHS webpage "Use sample weights" [URL omitted from DDI.] on variance estimation for additional information. CLUSTERNO (V001) and HHNUM (V002) can be used to merge the women's individual recode file to the household recode file. See the DHS webpage Merging Datasets [URL omitted from DDI.] on variables to be used for linking data sets. CLUSTERNO is an 8 digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific ultimate area unit ULTAREAUNIT (V004) reports the ultimate area unit for the person's de facto residence. According to the DHS recode manuals, ULTAREAUNIT is a number assigned to each sample point to identify the ultimate area units in the collection of data. It is usually the same as the cluster number [CLUSTERNO (V001)], but may be a sequentially numbered variable for samples with a more complicated structure. ULTAREAUNIT can be used to account for the impact of the sampling design clustering on the variance estimates and standard errors. ULTAREAUNIT (V004) is a 4-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Household line number of woman respondent HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULE: We would like some information about people who usually live in your household or are staying with you now. 1. LINE NUMBER ____ LINENO (V003) reports the number of the line on which the DHS interviewer recorded the woman's name, when filling out the household schedule. After asking "Please give me the names of the persons who usually live in your household or are staying with you now, starting with the head of the household," the interviewer recorded each name in turn on successively numbered lines printed on the household survey form. 001 1 002 2 003 3 004 4 005 5 006 6 007 7 008 8 009 9 010 10 011 11 012 12 013 13 014 14 015 15 016 16 017 17 018 18 019 19 020 20 021 21 022 22 023 23 024 24 025 25 026 26 027 27 028 28 029 29 030 30 031 31 032 32 033 33 034 34 035 35 036 36 037 37 038 38 039 39 040 40 041 41 042 42 043 43 044 44 045 45 046 46 047 47 048 48 049 49 050 50 051 51 052 52 053 53 054 54 055 55 056 56 057 57 058 58 059 59 060 60 061 61 062 62 063 63 064 64 065 65 066 66 067 67 068 68 069 69 070 70 071 71 072 72 073 73 074 74 075 75 076 76 077 77 078 78 079 79 080 80 081 81 082 82 083 83 084 84 085 85 086 86 087 87 088 88 089 89 090 90 091 91 092 92 093 93 094 94 095 95 096 96 097 97 098 98 099 99 100 100 101 101 102 102 103 103 104 104 105 105 106 106 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Respondent's line number (answering Household questionnaire) HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULE: We would like some information about people who usually live in your household or are staying with you now. 1. LINE NUMBER ____ LINENOHHRESP (HV003) reports the line number in the household schedule of the person responding to the questions asked in the household questionnaire. If nobody in the household was available for the interview, this variable is coded "00." 00 Not in household 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 98 Missing Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Birth history index number Now I would like to record the names of all your births, whether still alive or not, starting with the first one you had. 211. RECORD NAMES OF ALL THE BIRTHS IN 212. RECORD TWINS ON SEPARATE LINES. BIDX reports the index number of the child in the mother's birth history, from 1 to n, where the nth birth is the mother's first birth, and 1 is the most recently born child. Up to 20 births could be reported by a woman. After asking "Now I would like to record the names of all your births, whether still alive or not, with the first one you had," the interviewer recorded each child's name in turn on successively numbered lines printed in the "Reproduction" section of the individual woman's questionnaire. Combined with CASEID, BIDX uniquely identifies children within a sample. Combined with IDHSPID, BIDX uniquely identifies children across samples. Using these variables, data users can link IPUMS-DHS data to original DHS child-level and birth-level datasets. 07 7 08 8 09 9 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 01 1 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample weight for persons PERWEIGHT (V005) is an 8-digit variable with 6 implied decimal places, which should be used as a weighting factor to produce representative numbers accurately describing the surveyed population. While the DHS Recode Manuals direct the researcher to divide the original weight variable by 1,000,000 before applying the weighting factor to the original DHS data files, it is not necessary to modify the value of PERWEIGHT before applying this weight to cases in IPUMS-DHS. PERWEIGHT should be used to weight nearly all tabulations made using IPUMS-DHS data. Occasionally, as with the domestic violence variables, a subset of respondents are randomly selected to answer questions from a survey module, and a specialized weight such as DVWEIGHT should be used instead. Note: The 6 implied decimal places in PERWEIGHT mean that the last six digits of the eight-digit variable are decimal digits, but there is no actual decimal in the data. PERWEIGHT is an 8-digit numeric variable with 6 implied decimal places. See the variable description for directions on the use of PERWEIGHT. Weights and subsample selection Variables -- TOPICS All woman factor for total population AWFACTT is a 5-digit variable (in IPUMS-DHS) with 2 implied decimal places that is used to create total population estimates for all women of childbearing age, for those samples interviewing only ever-married women. A post from DHS senior staff member Tom Pullum on the DHS Users Forum explains, The all-woman factors are needed when you are trying to estimate something for all women, but you have to work with ever-married women because that's all you have in the sample. An example is when you want to estimate a fertility rate for all women but you only have the births and exposure for ever-married women. You have to assume that (a) never-married women have no births and (b) awfact/100 is a multiplier to inflate exposure for ever-married women to exposure for all women. For surveys that used a sampling frame of all women of childbearing age, AWFACTT has a value of 100 (or 1.00, with two decimal places), and thus has no effect on the survey statistics when used as a multiplier. For samples that included only ever-married women, AWFACTT serves as a multiplier to create total population figures for all women of childbearing age, following the assumptions noted above. The width of AWFACTT ranges from a low of 3 to a high of 5 in the original DHS files; see Comparability for further discussion. AWFACTT is a 5-digit numeric variable with 2 implied decimal places. See the variable description for directions on the use of AWFACTT. Weights and subsample selection Variables -- TOPICS Year of interview INTYEAR (V007) reports the year the interview took place. The dates reported in INTYEAR are based on the Gregorian calendar. Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Month of interview MONTHINT (V006) reports the month when the interview took place. 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Day of interview INTDAY (V016) reports the day of the month on which the interview took place. INTDAY uses dates expressed in the Gregorian calendar. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Century month date of interview INTDATECMC (V008) reports century month code for the date on which the interview took place. Century month codes (CMC) are particularly useful for checking the consistency of dates, calculating intervals between events, and imputing dates when the information for an event is missing or partially complete. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC minus ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006). [URL omitted from DDI.]. The century month codes reported in INTDATECMC are calculated using the Gregorian calculator. INTDATECMC (V008) is a 4-digit variable. Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Century month code (CMC) for start of survey INTSTARTCMC reports the century month code (CMC) for the first month the survey was fielded, according to the DHS Program website. The contextual variables in IPUMS DHS use the month in INTSTARTCMC as the month of the survey start date. The related variable INTENDCMC reports the century month code for the last month the survey was fielded, according to the DHS Program website. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006). [URL omitted from DDI.]. The century month codes reported in INTSTARTCMC are calculated using the Gregorian calculator. 1415 1415 1414 1414 1399 1399 1397 1397 1408 1408 1402 1402 1398 1398 1393 1393 1392 1392 1391 1391 1390 1390 1388 1388 1387 1387 1386 1386 1381 1381 1379 1379 1378 1378 1377 1377 1374 1374 1373 1373 1372 1372 1369 1369 1365 1365 1364 1364 1361 1361 1358 1358 1355 1355 1354 1354 1353 1353 1350 1350 1346 1346 1344 1344 1339 1339 1338 1338 1333 1333 1332 1332 1330 1330 1329 1329 1328 1328 1327 1327 1326 1326 1325 1325 1320 1320 1318 1318 1307 1307 1305 1305 1302 1302 1299 1299 1296 1296 1290 1290 1288 1288 1287 1287 1285 1285 1283 1283 1281 1281 1280 1280 1277 1277 1274 1274 1273 1273 1271 1271 1269 1269 1268 1268 1264 1264 1262 1262 1258 1258 1257 1257 1255 1255 1250 1250 1249 1249 1248 1248 1247 1247 1246 1246 1244 1244 1243 1243 1242 1242 1241 1241 1240 1240 1239 1239 1231 1231 1223 1223 1220 1220 1213 1213 1209 1209 1207 1207 1206 1206 1202 1202 1199 1199 1197 1197 1193 1193 1191 1191 1187 1187 1185 1185 1184 1184 1179 1179 1178 1178 1177 1177 1173 1173 1170 1170 1167 1167 1165 1165 1164 1164 1163 1163 1160 1160 1159 1159 1158 1158 1153 1153 1151 1151 1143 1143 1135 1135 1134 1134 1127 1127 1125 1125 1124 1124 1118 1118 1116 1116 1115 1115 1113 1113 1111 1111 1110 1110 1109 1109 1108 1108 1107 1107 1105 1105 1103 1103 1102 1102 1096 1096 1092 1092 1090 1090 1084 1084 1079 1079 1068 1068 1066 1066 1065 1065 1062 1062 1058 1058 1049 1049 1047 1047 1036 1036 Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Century month code (CMC) for end of survey INTENDCMC reports the century month code (CMC) for the last month the survey was fielded, according to the DHS Program website. The related variable INTSTARTCMC reports the century month code for the first month the survey was fielded, according to the DHS Program website. The contextual variables in IPUMS DHS use the month in INTSTARTCMC as the month of the survey start date. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006). [URL omitted from DDI.]. The century month codes reported in INTENDCMC are calculated using the Gregorian calculator. 1418 1418 1417 1417 1403 1403 1420 1420 1039 1039 1051 1051 1052 1052 1062 1062 1066 1066 1069 1069 1070 1070 1073 1073 1085 1085 1090 1090 1092 1092 1097 1097 1101 1101 1105 1105 1107 1107 1108 1108 1109 1109 1110 1110 1114 1114 1115 1115 1118 1118 1119 1119 1124 1124 1125 1125 1126 1126 1130 1130 1131 1131 1139 1139 1148 1148 1153 1153 1157 1157 1158 1158 1160 1160 1163 1163 1165 1165 1167 1167 1168 1168 1171 1171 1174 1174 1176 1176 1182 1182 1183 1183 1185 1185 1187 1187 1190 1190 1191 1191 1193 1193 1195 1195 1199 1199 1200 1200 1203 1203 1204 1204 1205 1205 1207 1207 1208 1208 1211 1211 1212 1212 1215 1215 1217 1217 1218 1218 1223 1223 1229 1229 1233 1233 1242 1242 1244 1244 1245 1245 1246 1246 1247 1247 1249 1249 1250 1250 1251 1251 1253 1253 1256 1256 1261 1261 1262 1262 1265 1265 1266 1266 1267 1267 1268 1268 1272 1272 1274 1274 1275 1275 1276 1276 1277 1277 1280 1280 1282 1282 1283 1283 1284 1284 1286 1286 1287 1287 1292 1292 1294 1294 1295 1295 1300 1300 1302 1302 1306 1306 1307 1307 1310 1310 1316 1316 1320 1320 1321 1321 1325 1325 1331 1331 1333 1333 1335 1335 1336 1336 1337 1337 1338 1338 1340 1340 1343 1343 1344 1344 1347 1347 1349 1349 1350 1350 1354 1354 1356 1356 1358 1358 1360 1360 1362 1362 1365 1365 1367 1367 1370 1370 1372 1372 1374 1374 1378 1378 1379 1379 1380 1380 1384 1384 1390 1390 1392 1392 1394 1394 1398 1398 1399 1399 1402 1402 1404 1404 1405 1405 1406 1406 1416 1416 Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Time interview started (hhmm - 24 hour clock) SECTION 1. SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE RESPONDENTS 101. RECORD THE TIME. HOUR _____ MINUTES ______ INTSTART (V801) reports the time of the start of the interview. The first two digits give the time in hours using the 24-hour clock, and the last two digits give the minutes within that hour. For example, a code of "1349" indicates the interview began at 1:49 P.M. 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Time interview ended (hhmm - 24 hour clock) [GO TO NEXT COLUMN. IF NO MORE BROTHERS OR SISTERS, GO TO 916] 916. RECORD THE TIME. HOURS ____ MINUTES ____ INTEND (V802) reports the time of the end of the interview. The first two digits give the time in hours using the 24-hour clock, and the last two digits give the minutes within that hour. For example, a code of "1349" indicates the interview ended at 1:49 P.M. 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Length of interview (minutes) [GO TO NEXT COLUMN. IF NO MORE BROTHERS OR SISTERS, GO TO 916] 916. RECORD THE TIME. HOURS ____ MINUTES ____ INTDURATION (V803) reports the duration of the female interview (in minutes). The duration is top-coded at 95 minutes. Interviews that required more than one visit (INTVISITNO (V804) are coded as "96" for "2+ visits." INTDURATION is calculated based on the interview's start and end times in INTSTART (V801) and INTEND (V802). 00 0 minutes 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 83 84 84 85 85 86 86 87 87 88 88 89 89 90 90 91 91 92 92 93 93 94 94 95 95+ 96 2+ visits 97 Inconsistent 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Number of visits for the interview TOTAL NUMBER OF VISITS _____ INTVISITNO (V804) reports the number of visits required to complete the female interview. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Result of individual interview RESULT ____ 1 COMPLETED 2 NOT AT HOME 3 DEFERRED 4 REFUSED 5 PARTIALLY COMPLETED 6 INCAPACITATED 7 OTHER (SPECIFY) INTRESULT (V015) reports the result of the individual interview. Code 1 represents a completed interview. Only completed interview cases are included in the DHS women's individual recode files, which provide the source material for IPUMS-DHS. 7 Other 6 Respondent Incapacitated 5 Partly completed 4 Refused 3 Postponed 2 Not at home 1 Completed General technical Variables -- TOPICS Ever-married or all-women sample EVMARALLSAMP (V020) indicates whether the sample includes only ever-married women or includes all women of childbearing age. 1 All women sample 2 Ever-married women sample General technical Variables -- TOPICS Identification number of interviewer, women's survey INTERVIEWER VISITS INTERVIEW ONE (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD INTERVIEWS) DATE ____ INTERVIEWER'S NAME ____ INTERVIEWERIDIR (V028) reports the interviewer identification code for the interviewer conducting the individual women's interviews for women of childbearing age. Codes are country- and sample-specific; a given numeric code in one survey refers to a different person than the same numeric code in another survey. Numbering of interviewer codes is not necessarily consecutive; some surveys use "0" as an identification code, for example, while others begin with a 3-digit number. Using the interviewer identification codes, researchers can evaluate whether the quality of responses (e.g., the number of "missing" cases) depended on the person conducting the interview. General technical Variables -- TOPICS Identification number of interviewer, household survey INTERVIEWER VISITS DATE ___ INTERVIEWER'S NAME ____ RESULT____ 1 COMPLETED 2 NO HOUSEHOLD MEMBER AT HOME OR NO COMPETENT PERSON AT HOME AT TIME OF VISIT 3 ENTIRE HOUSEHOLD ABSENT FOR AN EXTENDED PERIOD 4 POSTPONED 5 REFUSED 6 DWELLING VACANT OR ADDRESS NOT A DWELLING 7 DWELLING DESTROYED 8 DWELLING NOT FOUND 9 OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________________ INTERVIEWERIDHH (HV018) reports the interviewer identification code for the interviewer conducting the household survey. Codes are country- and sample-specific; a given numeric code in one survey refers to a different person than the same numeric code in another survey. Numbering of interviewer codes is not necessarily consecutive; some surveys use "0" as an identification code, for example, while others begin with a 3-digit number. Using the interviewer identification codes, researchers can evaluate whether the quality of responses (e.g., the number of "missing" cases) depended on the person conducting the interview. General technical Variables -- TOPICS Urban-rural status URBAN (V025) indicates whether the person's de facto residence was in an urban or rural location. The definition of urban varies across countries. See Comparability. 2 Rural 1 Urban Geography, general Variables -- TOPICS De facto place of residence DEFACTORES (V026) reports the type of place--city, town, or countryside--where the person was interviewed. 10 City 11 Capital or other large city 12 Other city 20 Town or countryside 21 Town 22 Countryside Geography, general Variables -- TOPICS Years lived in place of residence 103. How long have you been living continuously in (NAME OF CURRENT PLACE OF RESIDENCE)? YEARS ____ ALWAYS 95 (GO TO 105) VISITOR 96 (GO TO 105) RESIDEINTYR (V104) reports the number of years the woman had been living continuously in the village, town, or city where she was interviewed. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 95 Always 96 Visitor 97 Inconsistent 98 Missing Migration Variables -- TOPICS Madagascar regions, 1992-2008 [integrated; GIS] IDENTIFICATION PLACE NAME ____ NAME OF HOUSEHOLD HEAD ____ CLUSTER NUMBER ____ HOUSEHOLD UNIT NUMBER ____ REGION (FARITANY) ____ GEO_ MG1992_2008 indicates the region of Madagascar where the respondent was interviewed. The variable is integrated to yield units with consistent boundaries across samples. Labels identify the modern geographic units (autonomous provinces) contained in each integrated region. Each sample also has its own non-integrated geography variable. The 2008 Madagascar sample has greater geographic detail available in its sample-specific variable. An integrated GIS map (in shapefile format) for Madagascar can be downloaded here [URL omitted from DDI.]. 7 Diana, Sava (Antsiranana) 5 Atsimo Andrefana, Androy, Anosy, Menabe (Toliary) 4 Boeny, Sofia, Betsiboka, Melaky (Mahajanga) 3 Atsinanana, Analanjirofo, Alaotra Mangoro (Toamasina) 2 Haute Matsiatra, Anamoroni'i Mania, Vatovavy Fitovinany, Ihorombe, Atsimo Atsinanana (Fianarantsoa) 1 Analamanga, Vakinankaratra, Itasy, Bongolava (Antananarivo) Integrated geography Variables -- TOPICS Madagascar regions, 1997 [GIS] IDENTIFICATION PLACE NAME ____ NAME OF HOUSEHOLD HEAD ____ CLUSTER NUMBER ____ HOUSEHOLD UNIT NUMBER ____ REGION (FARITANY) ____ GEO_MG1997 (V101_MG1997) indicates the region of Madagascar where the respondent was interviewed. DHS units in the 1997 Madagascar survey are equivalent to autonomous provinces. Other sample years have their own sample-specific geography variables. There is also an integrated variable, GEO_MG1992_2008, that provides spatially consistent units over time. A GIS map for GEO_MG1997 (in shapefile format) can be downloaded from the DHS Program Spatial Data Repository [URL omitted from DDI.] Boundaries page. 6 Antsiranana 5 Toliary 4 Mahajanga 3 Toamasina 2 Fianarantsoa 1 Antananarivo Single sample geography Variables -- TOPICS Age 106. How old were you at your last birthday? COMPARE AND CORRECT 105 AND/OR 106 IF INCONSISTENT. AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS _______ AGE (V012) reports the woman's age. DHS surveys collect information about the woman's age through questions about age at last birthday and date of birth. DHS Recode Manuals provide the following information about how the AGE variable is calculated: Current age in completed years is calculated from the century month code of the date of birth of the respondent (V011) and the century month code of the date of interview (V008). In a few cases the age in the data file will be different from that reported by the respondent when the respondent's birthday was in the month of interview, but she had not yet had her birthday. If the respondent correctly reported her age at her last birthday (and not her age at her next birthday) then the calculated age was rounded up from the reported age, to avoid inconsistencies between the age and the century month code for the birth. 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Age in 5 year groups 106. How old were you at your last birthday? COMPARE AND CORRECT 105 AND/OR 106 IF INCONSISTENT. AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS _______ AGE5YEAR (V013) reports the woman's age in 5-year groups, based on data from the AGE (V012) variable. The age range of women interviewed varies across samples. See Comparability. 10 10 to 14 11 10 to 14 12 12 to 14 13 13 to 14 20 15-19 30 20-24 40 25-29 50 30-34 60 35-39 70 40-44 80 45-49 90 50+ 91 50-54 92 55-59 93 60-64 Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Woman's month of birth 105. In what month and year were you born? MONTH ____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ____ DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 9998 BIRTHMO (V009) reports the woman's month of birth. 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Woman's year of birth 105. In what month and year were you born? MONTH ____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ____ DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 9998 BIRTHYEAR (V010) reports the woman's year of birth. 1995 1995 1994 1994 1993 1993 1992 1992 1991 1991 1990 1990 1989 1989 1988 1988 1987 1987 1986 1986 1985 1985 1984 1984 1983 1983 1982 1982 1981 1981 1980 1980 1979 1979 1978 1978 1977 1977 1976 1976 1975 1975 1974 1974 1973 1973 1972 1972 1971 1971 1970 1970 1969 1969 1968 1968 1967 1967 1966 1966 1965 1965 1964 1964 1963 1963 1962 1962 1961 1961 1960 1960 1959 1959 1958 1958 1957 1957 1956 1956 1955 1955 1954 1954 1953 1953 1952 1952 1951 1951 1950 1950 1949 1949 1948 1948 1947 1947 1946 1946 1945 1945 1944 1944 1943 1943 1942 1942 1941 1941 1940 1940 1939 1939 1938 1938 1937 1937 1936 1936 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Respondent's date of birth, in century months 105. In what month and year were you born? MONTH ____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ____ DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 9998 DOBCMC (V011) reports the century month code (CMC) for the woman's date of birth. Century month codes (CMC) are particularly useful for checking the consistency of dates, calculating intervals between events, and imputing dates when the information for an event is missing or partially complete. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006) [URL omitted from DDI.]. DOBCMC (V011) is a 4-digit variable. Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Information given on respondent's date of birth 105. In what month and year were you born? MONTH ____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ____ DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 9998 DOBINFORESP (V014) reports the completeness of information about the respondent's age and date of birth. A code of 0 indicates the month and the year were reported, and no data were imputed. 1 Month and year 2 Month and age, year imputed 3 Year and age, month imputed 4 Year and age, year ignored 5 Year only, age and month imputed 6 Age only, year and month imputed 7 Month only, age and year imputed 8 Season and year 9 None reported, all imputed Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Usual resident or visitor 4. RESIDENCE: Does (NAME) usually live here? YES 1 NO 2 RESIDENT (V135) indicates whether the woman was a usual resident of the household or was just visiting there. As defined by the RESIDENT variable, a visitor could potentially reside in the city, town, or village where the interview took place but would have answered "No" to the question, "Does (NAME) usually live here [in this dwelling unit]?" on the household questionnaire. 1 Usual resident 2 Visitor 8 Missing Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Respondent's relationship to HH head 3. RELATIONSHIP TO HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD: What is the relationship of (NAME) to the head of the household? 01 HEAD 02 HUSBAND OR WIFE 03 SON OR DAUGHTER 04 SON-IN-LAW OR DAUGHTER-IN-LAW 05 GRANDCHILD 06 PARENT 07 PARENT-IN-LAW 08 BROTHER OR SISTER 09 NIECE/NEPHEW BY BLOOD 10 NIECE/NEPHEW BY MARRIAGE 11 OTHER RELATIVE 12 ADOPTED/FOSTER/STEPCHILD 13 NOT RELATED 14 DOESN'T KNOW RELATE (V150) reports the woman's relationship to the head of the household, based on a question in the household questionnaire. 01 Head 02 Wife 03 Daughter or son 04 Daughter- or son-in-law 05 Grandchild 06 Mother or father 07 Parent-in-law 08 Sister or brother 09 Co-spouse 10 Adopted/foster/step child 11 Adopted/foster child 12 Stepchild 20 Other relative 21 Niece or nephew by blood 22 Niece or nephew by marriage 23 Niece or nephew unspecified 24 Sibling-in-law 25 Aunt or uncle 26 Grandparent 30 Nonrelative 31 Domestic servant/employee 32 Herdboy 97 Don't know 98 Missing Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Currently pregnant 227. Are you pregnant now? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 236) UNSURE 8 (GO TO 236) PREGNANT (V213) indicates whether the respondent is currently pregnant. 0 No/unsure 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Duration of current pregnancy 228. How many months pregnant are you? RECORD NUMBER OF COMPLETED MONTHS. MONTHS ____ For currently pregnant women, DURCURPREG (V214) reports the imputed duration of the woman's current pregnancy. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Religion 118. What is your religion? CATHOLIC 1 PROTESTANT 2 MUSLIM 3 TRADITIONAL 4 NOT RELIGIOUS 5 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ 6 RELIGION (V130) reports the respondent's religion. While the categories and codes for the religion variable in the original DHS files are country-specific, IPUMS-DHS uses a 4-digit composite coding system to fit these diverse categories into a single variable without losing information. Â See Comparability. 0000 NO RELIGION 1000 MUSLIM 2000 CHRISTIAN 2100 Catholic 2200 Orthodox 2300 Protestant 2310 Lutheran 2320 Anglican 2330 Presbyterian 2340 Baptist/Seventh-day Adventist 2341 Baptist 2342 Seventh-day Adventist 2350 Apostolic 2360 Salvation Army 2370 Methodist 2380 Pentacostal-based 2381 Pentacostal 2382 Celestial Church of Christ 2383 Universal 2384 Assemblies of God 2390 Other Protestant 2391 Evangelical 2392 Lesotho Evangelical Church 2393 Kimbanguist (Congo, Democratic Republic) 2400 Nontrinitarian 2410 Jehovah's Witness 2900 Other Christian, country-specific 2901 African Zionist (Mozambique) 2902 Mammon (Uganda) 3000 BUDDHIST/NEO-BUDDHIST 3100 Buddhist 4000 HINDU 5000 JEWISH 6000 TRADITIONAL/SPIRITUAL/ANIMIST 6100 Traditional 6200 Spiritual 6300 Animist 6400 Specified Traditional 6401 Donyi-Polo 6402 Sanamahi 6403 Vodun 7000 OTHER (SPECIFIED) 7100 Baha'i 7200 Sikh 7300 Zoroastrian 7400 Jain 7900 Country-specific other 7901 Sect (Burundi) 7902 Bundu dia Kongo (Congo, Democratic Republic) 7903 Vuvamu (Congo, Democratic Republic) 7904 Kirat Mundhum (Nepal) 9000 OTHER 9001 Religion 1 9002 Religion 2 9003 Religion 3 9004 Religion 4 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Ethnicity and religion Variables -- TOPICS Woman's current marital or union status 502. Are you currently married or living with a man as if married? YES, CURRENTLY MARRIED 1 (GO TO 507) YES, LIVING WITH A MAN 2 (GO TO 507) NO, NOT IN UNION 3 MARSTAT (V501) reports the woman's current marital status. Response categories and question wording vary across surveys. See Comparability. 10 Never married 20 Married or living together 21 Married 22 Living together 30 Formerly in union 31 Widowed 32 Divorced 33 Separated/not living together 98 Missing 11 Unconsummated marriage 34 Deserted Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Ever been married 504. Have you ever been married or lived with a man as if married? YES, FORMERLY MARRIED 1 YES, LIVED WITH A MAN 2 (GO TO 511) NO 3 (GO TO 515) For women who are not currently married or living with a man, EVERMARRIED (V535) reports the woman's relationship history as "No [never married/in union]," "Formerly married," or "Lived with a man." 00 No 10 Formerly married 11 Formerly married with certificate 12 Formerly married by custom 20 Lived with a man 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Woman never, currently, or formerly married 502. Are you currently married or living with a man as if married? YES, CURRENTLY MARRIED 1 (GO TO 507) YES, LIVING WITH A MAN 2 (GO TO 507) NO, NOT IN UNION 3 CURRMARR (V502) reports the woman's marital/union status as "Never married," "Currently married," or "Formerly married." "Never married" includes women who have never lived with a partner. "Currently married" includes women who are married and those who are not formally married but are living with a partner. "Formerly married" includes women who are widowed, divorced, or separated, or who have formerly lived with a partner. For samples restricted to ever-married women, only women who are formally married (not cohabiting) are included as "married." 0 Never married 1 Currently married 2 Formerly married 8 Missing Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Woman had one or more than one union 511. Have you been married or lived with a man only once or more than once? ONLY ONCE 1 MORE THAN ONCE 2 For women who had ever been married or lived with a man, UNION1MORE (V503) indicates whether the respondent had been in one or more than one marriage/union. 0 One 1 More than one 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Age at first marriage or cohabitation 513. How old were you when you first started living with him? AGE ____ AGEFRSTMAR (V511) reports the woman's age at the start of her first marriage or union. This usually refers to when the woman first started to live with her first husband or partner. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, "Age at start of first marriage or union is calculated from the century month code of the date of start of first marriage or union and the century month code of the date of birth of the respondent." 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 96 Marriage not consummated 97 Inconsistent 98 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Age of husband/partner 702. How old was your husband/partner on his last birthday? AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS ____ HUSAGE (V730) reports the age of the woman's husband or co-resident partner. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Missing 97 Don't know 96 Inconsistent 95 95+ 94 94 93 93 92 92 91 91 90 90 89 89 88 88 87 87 86 86 85 85 84 84 83 83 82 82 81 81 80 80 79 79 78 78 77 77 76 76 75 75 74 74 73 73 72 72 71 71 70 70 69 69 68 68 67 67 66 66 65 65 64 64 63 63 62 62 61 61 60 60 59 59 58 58 57 57 56 56 55 55 54 54 53 53 52 52 51 51 50 50 49 49 48 48 47 47 46 46 45 45 44 44 43 43 42 42 41 41 40 40 39 39 38 38 37 37 36 36 35 35 34 34 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Marital or cohabitation duration (grouped) 512. CHECK 511: MARRIED/LIVED WITH A MAN ONLY ONCE In what month and year did you start living with your husband/partner? MARRIED/LIVED WITH A MAN MORE THAN ONCE Now we are going to talk about your first husband/partner. In what month and year did you start living with him? MONTH ____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ____ (GO TO 515) DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 9998 DURMARGRP (V513) reports the number of years elapsed since the woman's first marriage or cohabiting union until the date of the survey interview, in five-year groups. The duration is reported irrespective of whether the respondent is still married or in a union with her first partner. 00 Never married 01 0 to 4 02 5 to 9 03 10 to 14 04 15 to 19 05 20 to 24 06 25 to 29 07 30+ 96 Marriage not consummated 98 Missing Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Month of first marriage or cohabitation 512. CHECK 511: MARRIED/LIVED WITH A MAN ONLY ONCE In what month and year did you start living with your husband/partner? MARRIED/LIVED WITH A MAN MORE THAN ONCE Now we are going to talk about your first husband/partner. In what month and year did you start living with him? MONTH ____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ____ (GO TO 515) DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 9998 For women who had ever been married or lived with a man, MAR1STMO (V507) reports the month of their first marriage or (for most samples) unmarried cohabitation. The year of the woman's first marriage/union is reported in MAR1STYR (V508). 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Marriage not consummated 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Year of first marriage or cohabitation 512. CHECK 511: MARRIED/LIVED WITH A MAN ONLY ONCE In what month and year did you start living with your husband/partner? MARRIED/LIVED WITH A MAN MORE THAN ONCE Now we are going to talk about your first husband/partner. In what month and year did you start living with him? MONTH ____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ____ (GO TO 515) DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 9998 For women who had ever been married or lived with a man, MAR1STYR (V508) reports the year of their first marriage or (for most samples) unmarried cohabitation. The month of the woman's first marriage/union is reported in MAR1STMO (V507). 1943 1943 1944 1944 1945 1945 1946 1946 1947 1947 1948 1948 1949 1949 1950 1950 1951 1951 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 2017 2017 2018 2018 9996 Marriage not consummated 9997 Inconsistent 9998 Don't know 9999 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Years since starting date of 1st marriage or union 512. CHECK 511: MARRIED/LIVED WITH A MAN ONLY ONCE In what month and year did you start living with your husband/partner? MARRIED/LIVED WITH A MAN MORE THAN ONCE Now we are going to talk about your first husband/partner. In what month and year did you start living with him? MONTH ____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ____ (GO TO 515) DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 9998 For women who had ever been married or lived with a man, YRSTO1STMAR (V512) reports the number of years from the start of the woman's first marriage/union to the date of the survey interview. The calculation is made using century month codes for both dates. For the month and year of first marriage/union, see MAR1STMO (V507) and MAR1STYR (V508) respectively. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 98 Marriage not consummated 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Date of first marriage or cohabitation (CMC) 512. CHECK 511: MARRIED/LIVED WITH A MAN ONLY ONCE In what month and year did you start living with your husband/partner? MARRIED/LIVED WITH A MAN MORE THAN ONCE Now we are going to talk about your first husband/partner. In what month and year did you start living with him? MONTH ____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ____ (GO TO 515) DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 9998 MAR1STCMC (V509) reports the century month code (CMC) for the date of the woman's first marriage or cohabitation. Century month codes (CMC) are particularly useful checking the consistency of dates, calculating intervals between events, and imputing dates when the information for an event is missing or partially complete. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006) [URL omitted from DDI.]. 9996 Not consummated 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information, date of first marriage/union 512. CHECK 511: MARRIED/LIVED WITH A MAN ONLY ONCE In what month and year did you start living with your husband/partner? MARRIED/LIVED WITH A MAN MORE THAN ONCE Now we are going to talk about your first husband/partner. In what month and year did you start living with him? MONTH ____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ____ (GO TO 515) DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 9998 MAR1STDATINFO (V510) reports the completeness of information for the date of the woman's first marriage or cohabitation. See Comparability. 01 Month and year reported 02 Month and age reported, year imputed 03 Year and age reported, month imputed 05 Year reported, age and month imputed 06 Age reported, year and month imputed 08 Month reported, age and year imputed 09 Year and age reported, year ignored 10 Season and year reported 11 All values imputed 99 NIU (not in universe) 12 All reported, inconsistent Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Months between respondent's 1st marriage and 1st birth 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ MARTO1STBORNMO (V221) reports the number of months between the woman's first marriage (i.e., formal marriage or first episode of living with a man) and her first birth. For women whose first birth occurred before their first marriage, this variable is coded as '998.' 998 First birth prior to first marriage 999 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Number of other wives 509. How many other wives or partners does your husband have? NUMBER ______ DOESN'T KNOW 98 (GO TO 511) For women who were currently married or living with a man, WIFENUM (V505) reports the number of other wives (or co-resident partners) their husband/partner had. Question wording varied across samples. See Comparability. 00 No other wives 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 96 Has other wives, dk number 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Wife rank number 510. Are you the first, second, ... wife? RANK _____ For women married to or living with a man who had more than one wife/partner, WIFERANK (V506) reports the woman's rank among her husband's/partner's wives/partners. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Husband/partner lives in woman's household 507. Is your husband/partner living with you now or is he staying elsewhere? LIVING WITH HER 1 STAYING ELSEWHERE 2 For women who were currently married or living with a man, HUSBINHOME (V504) indicates whether the husband/partner lived with the woman or stayed elsewhere. 0 Living with woman 1 Staying elsewhere 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Total children ever born 209. CHECK 208: Just to make sure that I have this right: you have had in total _____ births during your life. Is that correct? YES (GO TO 210) NO (PROBE AND CORRECT 201-208 AS NECESSARY) CHEB (V201) reports the total number of children ever born to the respondent. The number reported in CHEB is the sum of a series of variables covering the total number of sons and daughters who are living at home, living away from home, or who have died (V202 to V207). The number of births reported in CHEB will match the number of entries in the birth history (V224) for up to 20 births. If the woman reported more than 20 births, then the number for CHEB will exceed the number of births in the birth history, but such cases are rare. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 98 Missing 99 NIU (Not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of entries in the birth history Now I would like to record the names of all your births, whether still alive or not, starting with the first one you had. 211. RECORD NAMES OF ALL THE BIRTHS IN 212. RECORD TWINS ON SEPARATE LINES. TOTBIRTHIST (V224) reports the number of entries in the woman respondent's birth history. For up to 20 births, the birth history contains information for each of the respondent's births. In those rare cases when the respondent had more than 20 births, the birth history lists the last 19 births and the first birth. In cases where the women had fewer than 20 births, the number reported in TOTBIRTHIST will match the number reported in CHEB (V201), the total number of children ever born to the respondent. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of own sons living at home 203. How many sons live with you? And how many daughters live with you? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. SONS AT HOME ______ DAUGHTERS AT HOME ________ SONSATHOME (V202) reports the number of sons to whom the woman has given birth who are currently living with her. The related variable SONSAWAYHOME (V204) reports the number of sons to whom the woman has given birth and are still alive, but who are not currently living with her. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of own daughters living at home 203. How many sons live with you? And how many daughters live with you? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. SONS AT HOME ______ DAUGHTERS AT HOME ________ DAUSATHOME (V203) reports the number of daughters to whom the woman has given birth who are currently living with her. The related variable DAUSAWAYHOME (V205) reports the number of daughters to whom the woman has given birth and are still alive, but who are not currently living with her. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of own sons living away from home 205. How many sons are alive but do not live with you? And how many daughters are alive but do not live with you? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. SONS ELSEWHERE ______ DAUGHTERS ELSEWHERE ______ SONSAWAYHOME (V204) reports the number of sons to whom the woman has given birth who are still alive, but who are not currently living with her. The related variable SONSATHOME (V202) reports the number of sons to whom the woman has given birth who are still alive, and who are currently living with her. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of own daughters living away from home 205. How many sons are alive but do not live with you? And how many daughters are alive but do not live with you? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. SONS ELSEWHERE ______ DAUGHTERS ELSEWHERE ______ DAUSAWAYHOME (V205) reports the number of daughters to whom the woman has given birth who are still alive, but who are not currently living with her. The related variable DAUSATHOME (V203) reports the number of daughters to whom the woman has given birth who are still alive, and who are currently living with her. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of own sons who have died 207. How many boys have died? And how many girls have died? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. BOYS DEAD ______ GIRLS DEAD _____ SONSDIED (V206) reports the number of sons to whom the woman has given birth who have died. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of own daughters who have died 207. How many boys have died? And how many girls have died? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. BOYS DEAD ______ GIRLS DEAD _____ DAUSDIED (V207) reports the number of daughters to whom the woman has given birth who have died. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of births in last 5 years 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ BIRTHSIN5YRS (V208) reports the number of births the woman had in the five years prior to the survey. This statistic is calculated based on the total number of births in the 0 to 59 months prior to the month of the interview. 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 8 7 7 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of births in the past year 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ BIRTHSIN1YR (V209) reports the number of births the woman had in the year prior to the survey. This statistic is calculated based on the total number of births in the months 0 to 12 (not 0 to 11) prior to the month of the interview. For example, if the survey were given in January, BIRTHSIN1YR would report the number of births the woman had between the time of the survey and the previous January. 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Total number of births in month of interview 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ BIRTHSIN1MO (V210) reports the total number of births the woman had in the month of interview. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Date of respondent's first birth, in century months 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ DOB1STKIDCMC (V211) reports the century month code (CMC) for the date of the woman's first birth. The Guide to DHS Statistics (2003) explains the use and calculation of CMC values as follows: Century month codes (CMC) are particularly important to check consistency of dates, to calculate intervals between events, and to impute dates when the information for an event is missing or partially complete. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. That year was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 will be: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed since January 1900 to June 2002. Based on CMC it is possible to calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Time since woman's last menstrual period 236. When did your last menstrual period start? RECORD THE DATE IF IT IS GIVEN. DATE _____ NUMBER OF DAYS 1 _____ NUMBER OF WEEKS 2 _____ NUMBER OF MONTHS 3 _____ NUMBER OF YEARS 4 _____ IN MENOPAUSE 994 BEFORE LAST BIRTH 995 NEVER HAD PERIOD 996 TIMEMENSTRUATE (V215) reports the time passed since the woman's last menstrual period, in days, weeks, months, or years. 100 Day of Interview 101 Days: 1 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 131 31 days 132 32 days 133 33 days 134 34 days 135 35 days 136 36 days 137 37 days 138 38 days 139 39 days 140 40 days 141 41 days 142 42 days 143 43 days 144 44 days 145 45 days 146 46 days 147 47 days 148 48 days 149 49 days 150 50 days 151 51 days 152 52 days 153 53 days 154 54 days 155 55 days 156 56 days 157 57 days 158 58 days 159 59 days 160 60 days 161 61 days 162 62 days 163 63 days 164 64 days 165 65 days 166 66 days 167 67 days 168 68 days 169 69 days 170 70 days 171 71 days 172 72 days 173 73 days 174 74 days 175 75 days 176 76 days 177 77 days 178 78 days 179 79 days 180 80 days 181 81 days 182 82 days 183 83 days 184 84 days 185 85 days 186 86 days 187 87 days 188 88 days 189 89 days 190 90 days 191 91 days 192 92 days 193 93 days 194 94 days 195 95 days 196 96 days 197 97 days 198 98 days 199 Days: Number missing 200 Weeks 201 201 Weeks: 1 202 2 weeks 203 3 weeks 204 4 weeks 205 5 weeks 206 6 weeks 207 7 weeks 208 8 weeks 209 9 weeks 210 10 weeks 211 11 weeks 212 12 weeks 213 13 weeks 214 14 weeks 215 15 weeks 216 16 weeks 217 17 weeks 218 18 weeks 219 19 weeks 220 20 weeks 221 21 weeks 222 22 weeks 223 23 weeks 224 24 weeks 225 25 weeks 226 26 weeks 227 27 weeks 228 28 weeks 229 29 weeks 230 30 weeks 231 31 weeks 232 32 weeks 233 33 weeks 234 34 weeks 235 35 weeks 236 36 weeks 237 37 weeks 238 38 weeks 239 39 weeks 240 40 weeks 241 41 weeks 242 42 weeks 243 43 weeks 244 44 weeks 245 45 weeks 246 46 weeks 247 47 weeks 248 48 weeks 249 49 weeks 250 50 weeks 251 51 weeks 252 52 weeks 253 53 weeks 254 54 weeks 255 55 weeks 256 56 weeks 257 57 weeks 258 58 weeks 259 59 weeks 260 60 weeks 261 61 weeks 262 62 weeks 263 63 weeks 264 64 weeks 265 65 weeks 266 66 weeks 267 67 weeks 268 68 weeks 269 69 weeks 270 70 weeks 271 71 weeks 272 72 weeks 273 73 weeks 274 74 weeks 275 75 weeks 276 76 weeks 277 77 weeks 278 78 weeks 279 79 weeks 280 80 weeks 281 81 weeks 282 82 weeks 283 83 weeks 284 84 weeks 285 85 weeks 286 86 weeks 287 87 weeks 288 88 weeks 289 89 weeks 290 90 weeks 291 91 weeks 292 92 weeks 293 93 weeks 294 94 weeks 295 95 weeks 296 96 weeks 297 97 weeks 298 98 weeks 299 Weeks: Number missing 300 Months 301 301 Months: 1 302 2 months 303 3 months 304 4 months 305 5 months 306 6 months 307 7 months 308 8 months 309 9 months 310 10 months 311 11 months 312 12 months 313 13 months 314 14 months 315 15 months 316 16 months 317 17 months 318 18 months 319 19 months 320 20 months 321 21 months 322 22 months 323 23 months 324 24 months 325 25 months 326 26 months 327 27 months 328 28 months 329 29 months 330 30 months 331 31 months 332 32 months 333 33 months 334 34 months 335 35 months 336 36 months 337 37 months 338 38 months 339 39 months 340 40 months 341 41 months 342 42 months 343 43 months 344 44 months 345 45 months 346 46 months 347 47 months 348 48 months 349 49 months 350 50 months 351 51 months 352 52 months 353 53 months 354 54 months 355 55 months 356 56 months 357 57 months 358 58 months 359 59 months 360 60 months 361 61 months 362 62 months 363 63 months 364 64 months 365 65 months 366 66 months 367 67 months 368 68 months 369 69 months 370 70 months 371 71 months 372 72 months 373 73 months 374 74 months 375 75 months 376 76 months 377 77 months 378 78 months 379 79 months 380 80 months 381 81 months 382 82 months 383 83 months 384 84 months 385 85 months 386 86 months 387 87 months 388 88 months 389 89 months 390 90 months 391 91 months 392 92 months 393 93 months 394 94 months 395 95 months 396 96 months 397 97 months 398 98 months 399 Months: Number missing 400 Years 401 Years: 1 402 2 years 403 3 years 404 4 years 405 5 years 406 6 years 407 7 years 408 8 years 409 9 years 410 10 years 411 11 years 412 12 years 413 13 years 414 14 years 415 15 years 416 16 years 417 17 years 418 18 years 419 19 years 420 20 years 421 21 years 422 22 years 423 23 years 424 24 years 425 25 years 426 26 years 427 27 years 428 28 years 429 29 years 430 30 years 431 31 years 432 32 years 433 33 years 434 34 years 435 35 years 436 36 years 437 37 years 438 38 years 439 39 years 440 40 years 441 41 years 442 42 years 443 43 years 444 44 years 445 45 years 446 46 years 447 47 years 448 48 years 449 49+ years 499 Years: number missing 992 Currently pregnant 993 In menopause/had hysterectomy 994 Before last birth 995 Never menstruated 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Woman menstruated last 6 weeks 236. When did your last menstrual period start? RECORD THE DATE IF IT IS GIVEN. DATE _____ NUMBER OF DAYS 1 _____ NUMBER OF WEEKS 2 _____ NUMBER OF MONTHS 3 _____ NUMBER OF YEARS 4 _____ IN MENOPAUSE 994 BEFORE LAST BIRTH 995 NEVER HAD PERIOD 996 MENSTRUATE6WK (V216) indicates whether the woman menstruated in the 6 weeks prior to the interview, as calculated from TIMEMENSTRUATE (V215). 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS When in cycle thinks pregnancy is most likely 237. From one menstrual period to the next, are there certain days when a woman is more likely to become pregnant if she has sexual relations? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 239) DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 239) OVCYCLE (V217) suggests the woman's knowledge of the ovulatory cycle by reporting when she believes a woman has the greatest chance of becoming pregnant. 1 During her period 2 After period ended 3 Middle of the cycle 4 Before period begins 5 At any time 6 Other/It depends 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Total number of living children born to respondent 203. How many sons live with you? And how many daughters live with you? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. SONS AT HOME ______ DAUGHTERS AT HOME ________ CHEBALIVE (V218) reports the total number of children ever born to the respondent who are currently living. The number reported in CHEBALIVE (V218) is the sum of a series of variables reporting the total number of sons and daughters who are living at home and who are living away from home (V202 to V205 - SONSATHOME, DAUSATHOME, SONSAWAYHOME, and DAUSAWAYHOME). The related variable CHEB (V201) reports the total number of children ever born to the respondent, regardless of survival status. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Total number of living children including current pregnancy 203. How many sons live with you? And how many daughters live with you? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. SONS AT HOME ______ DAUGHTERS AT HOME ________ CHSURVPLUSPG (V219) reports the woman's total number of living children, including her current pregnancy. CHSURVPLUSPG takes the value of CHEBALIVE (V218) and adds 1 if the respondent is pregnant. 99 NIU (not in universe) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 19 19 18 18 Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Total number of living children, truncated at 6+ 203. How many sons live with you? And how many daughters live with you? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. SONS AT HOME ______ DAUGHTERS AT HOME ________ CHEBALIVETRUNC (V220) reports the woman's total number of living children (including current pregnancy), truncated at 6 or more children. This variable is a grouping of CHSURVPLUSPG (V219) truncated at 6+ children. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6+ 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Interval between last birth and interview, in months 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ For women who have ever given birth, LASTBIRTHTOINTMO (V222) reports the number of months between their last birth and the date of interview. 999 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information on date of conception, current pregnancy 228. How many months pregnant are you? RECORD NUMBER OF COMPLETED MONTHS. MONTHS ____ For pregnant women, CONCEPTDATEFLAG (V223) indicates the completeness of information relating to the date of conception of their current pregnancy. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, "This variable indicates whether the date of conception was exactly specified by the duration of the current pregnancy or the duration was imputed from other information." The related variable DURCURPREG reports the duration of the current pregnancy. 1 Month- exact date 2 Date missing, imputed 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Flag for reported time since last menstrual period MENSTIMFLAG (V227) is a flag variable that indicates the type of problem, if any, found in editing responses on the time since the respondent's last menstrual period. Cases without a problem are coded 0. For time since last menstrual period, see TIMEMENSTRUATE (V215). 00 No flag 01 Number GT interval since birth 02 Number plus amenorrhea GT interval 03 Number reported, but period not returned 04 Reported before last birth, but no birth 05 Reported before last birth, but period since 06 Reported never menstruated, but period returned 07 Reported time during pregnancy 08 Reported never menstruated but had kids 09 Reported period before last birth 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Ever had pregnancy terminate via abortion, miscarriage or stillbirth 239. Have you ever had an intentional abortion? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 301) PREGTERMIN (V228) indicates whether the woman ever had a pregnancy that was terminated due to miscarriage, abortion, or stillbirth, and did not result in a live birth. 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Interval between last birth and interview date at least 4 calendar years 222. SUBTRACT THE BIRTH YEAR OF THE LAST CHILD FROM THE YEAR OF THE INTERVIEW. IS THE DIFFERENCE FOUR OR MORE YEARS? YES 1 (GO TO 223) NO 2 (GO TO 224) For women who have ever given birth, BIRTHTOINT4YR (V236) indicates whether the interval between their last birth and the time of the interview was at least 4 years. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Other live births in interval between last birth reported and date of interview 223. Have you had any live births since the birth of (NAME OF LAST BIRTH)? YES 1 NO 2 BIRTHSOTHER (V237) indicates whether the woman had any other live births in the interval between the last reported birth and the date of the interview. The question for this variable verifies whether the woman omitted any births when reporting her birth record. Omitted births should be included in the final version of the birth history in the variable CHEB (V201). 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Total births in last 3 years prior to interview 225. CHECK 215 AND ENTER THE NUMBER OF BIRTHS SINCE JANUARY 1994. IF NONE, RECORD '00'. NUMBER OF BIRTHS ____ BIRTHSTOT3YR (V238) indicates the total number of births the woman had in the 3 years (0 to 35 months) prior to the interview (where 0 is the month of interview). Responses are based on the woman's birth history table, which records the month and year of her children's births. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Computed time since last menstrual period 236. When did your last menstrual period start? RECORD THE DATE IF IT IS GIVEN. DATE _____ NUMBER OF DAYS 1 _____ NUMBER OF WEEKS 2 _____ NUMBER OF MONTHS 3 _____ NUMBER OF YEARS 4 _____ IN MENOPAUSE 994 BEFORE LAST BIRTH 995 NEVER HAD PERIOD 996 TIMEMENSCALC (V226) reports the computed time since the respondent's last menstrual period. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, this variable is computed from the response for V215, with durations exceeding the interval since the last birth (V227 = 7,9) recoded to the response "Before last birth" (code 995) and inconsistent responses flagged on variable 227 (codes 1-6) recoded to 997. Restated in terms of IPUMS-DHS variables and variable labels, TIMEMENSCALC is computed from the response for TIMEMENSTRUATE (Time since woman's last menstrual period). Cases with durations exceeding the interval since the last birth, when MENSTIMFLAG (Flag for reported time since last menstrual period) has values for "Reported time during pregnancy" or "Reported period before last birth," are recoded as "Before last birth" in TIMEMENSCALC. Cases with inconsistent or implausible responses according to MENSTIMFLAG (for example, the woman reportedly never menstruated but she has given birth) are recoded to "Inconsistent" for TIMEMENSCALC. 000 No time difference 991 In menopause/had hysterectomy 992 Pregnant, not asked 993 In menopause 994 Before last birth 995 Never menstruated 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Age of respondent at time of first birth 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ AGEAT1STBIRTH (V212) reports the age of the woman at the time of her first birth. This variable is calculated by using the century month code (CMC) of the date of the woman's first birth (DOB1STKIDCMC) and the CMC of the woman's date of birth (DOBCMC). 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 99 NIU (not in universe) 02 2 05 5 03 3 04 4 Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Total number of household members HHMEMTOTAL (V136) reports the total number of members of the woman's household. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, HHMEMTOTAL is calculated by summing "the number of usual residents and the number of visitors who slept in the house the previous night that were listed in the household schedule." "Usual residents" of the household are identified by the RESIDENT variable. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Number of children under 5 in household HHKIDLT5 (V137) reports the number of children age 5 and under who reside in the household. Visiting children are not included in the count. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Number of eligible women in household HHELIGWOMEN (V138) reports the number of eligible women in the household, usually defined as women of childbearing age who slept in the household the previous night (regardless of whether they were usual residents or visitors). The age and marital status guidelines for defining eligible women varies across samples. See Comparability. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 36 36 36 99 No women age 15-49 Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Age of household head HHEADAGE (V152) reports the age of the head of the household. 98 Missing 97 97+ 96 96 95 95 94 94 93 93 92 92 91 91 90 90 89 89 88 88 87 87 86 86 85 85 84 84 83 83 82 82 81 81 80 80 79 79 78 78 77 77 76 76 75 75 74 74 73 73 72 72 71 71 70 70 69 69 68 68 67 67 66 66 65 65 64 64 63 63 62 62 61 61 60 60 59 59 58 58 57 57 56 56 55 55 54 54 53 53 52 52 51 51 50 50 49 49 48 48 47 47 46 46 45 45 44 44 43 43 42 42 41 41 40 40 39 39 38 38 37 37 36 36 35 35 34 34 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Age of household head (from HH record) 7. AGE: How old is (NAME)? IN YEARS _______ HHEADAGEHH (HV220) reports the age of the head of the household. The information in HHEADAGEHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 98 Missing 96 Non-resident 95 95+ 94 94 93 93 92 92 91 91 90 90 89 89 88 88 87 87 86 86 85 85 84 84 83 83 82 82 81 81 80 80 79 79 78 78 77 77 76 76 75 75 74 74 73 73 72 72 71 71 70 70 69 69 68 68 67 67 66 66 65 65 64 64 63 63 62 62 61 61 60 60 59 59 58 58 57 57 56 56 55 55 54 54 53 53 52 52 51 51 50 50 49 49 48 48 47 47 46 46 45 45 44 44 43 43 42 42 41 41 40 40 39 39 38 38 37 37 36 36 35 35 34 34 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 99 NIU (not in universe) 01 1 97 Don't know Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Sex of household head HHEADSEX (V151) reports the sex of the head of the household. 8 Missing 2 Female 1 Male Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Sex of household head (from hh record) 6. SEX: Is (NAME) male or female? MALE 1 FEMALE 2 HHEADSEXHH (HV219) reports the sex of the head of the household. The information in HHEADSEXHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 1 Male 2 Female 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Relationship structure in HH HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULE: We would like some information about people who usually live in your household or are staying with you now. 1. LINE NUMBER ____ FAMSTRUCTR (HV217) indicates the relationship structure (no adults, one adult, two related adults of the opposite sex, two related adults of the same sex, three or more related adults, or unrelated adults) in the household. Only usual (de jure) household members aged 15 and over are considered in determining the household's relationship structure. FAMSTRUCTR is a constructed variable, based on information about each household member's age, sex, and relationship to the householder, which was collected when completing the listing of persons in the household at the time of the survey. The information in FAMSTRUCTR is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 8 Missing 6 Non-resident 5 Unrelated adults 4 Three plus related adults 3 Two adults, same sex 2 Two adults, opp sex 1 One adult 0 No adults 9 NIU (not in universe) Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Number of rooms in HH used for sleeping 20. In your household, how many rooms do you use for sleeping? ROOMS ____ SLEEPROOMS (HV216) reports the number of rooms in the household used for sleeping. 98 Missing 97 Don't know 35 35+ 34 34 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 01 1 00 0 96 Non-resident 99 NIU (not in universe) Housing Variables -- TOPICS Main material of floor 21. MAIN MATERIAL OF THE FLOOR. RECORD OBSERVATION. NATURAL FLOOR EARTH/SAND 11 DUNG 12 RUDIMENTARY FLOOR WOOD PLANKS 21 PALM/BAMBOO 22 FINISHED FLOOR PARQUET OR POLISHED WOOD 31 VINYL OR ASPHALT STRIPS 32 CERAMIC TILES 33 CEMENT 34 CARPET 35 OTHER (SPECIFY) __________ 96 FLOOR (HV213) reports the main material of the floor of the dwelling. Response categories vary widely across surveys but fall into broad groups (i.e., natural materials, rudimentary processed materials, and finished materials). See Comparability. 116 Mud and hay 999 NIU (not in universe) 391 Plaster 996 Non-resident 100 NATURAL 110 Earth-based 111 Earth, sand 112 Earth, mud 113 Earth, mud, clay 114 Sand 115 Dirt/Earth 120 Dung-based 121 Dung 122 Earth and dung 123 Mud, dung, sand 200 RUDIMENTARY 210 Wood 211 Wood planks 212 Wood and tile 213 Wood/palm/bamboo 220 Palm/bamboo 221 Palm/bamboo/leaves 230 Other rudimentary 231 Broken bricks 232 Adobe 233 Unfinished stone 300 FINISHED 310 Parquet/polished wood 311 Polished wood/vinyl/tiles 320 Vinyl/asphalt strips/linoleum 321 Linoleum 330 Tiles/mosaic 331 Ceramic tiles 332 Cement tiles 333 Ceramic/terrazo tiles 334 Ceramic/marble tiles 335 Tiles/brick 340 Cement/concrete 350 Carpet 360 Terrazzo 370 Stone 380 Bricks 390 Other finished 400 OTHER 997 Don't know 998 Missing 322 Vinyl 351 Mat Housing Variables -- TOPICS Has electricity 19. Does your household have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 A radio? YES 1 NO 2 A television? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 A refrigerator? YES 1 NO 2 ELECTRC (V119) indicates whether the household has electricity. Samples vary in how that information was collected. See Comparability. 8 Missing 1 Yes 0 No 6 Non-resident Housing Variables -- TOPICS Dwelling has electricity (from hh record) 19. Does your household have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 A radio? YES 1 NO 2 A television? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 A refrigerator? YES 1 NO 2 ELECTRCHH (HV206) indicates whether the household has electricity. Samples vary in how that information was collected. The information in ELECTRCHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Housing Variables -- TOPICS Type of toilet facility 18. What kind of toilet facility is in your household? FLUSH TOILET 11 VENTILATED PIT LATRINE 22 RUDIMENTARY PIT LATRINE 23 NO TOILET/OUTSIDE 31 (GO TO 19) OTHER (SPECIFY) ________ 96 (GO TO 19) TOILETTYPE (HV205) reports the household's type of toilet facility, with no facility coded "0." Responses vary widely across surveys; see Comparability. The information in TOILETTYPE is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 3431 Pit latrine with ventilation pipe, no mesh 9996 Non-resident 0000 NO FACILITY 1000 FLUSH TOILET 1100 Unspecified type of flush toilet 1110 Own flush toilet (unspecified type) 1120 Shared flush toilet (unspecified type) 1200 Modern flush toilet 1210 Flush to piped sewer system 1300 Traditional with tank flush 1400 Bucket flush toilet 1410 Flush to pit latrine 1420 Flush to somewhere else 1430 Flush, don't know where 2000 NON-FLUSHING TOILET 2100 Composting toilet 2200 Dry toilet 2300 Ecosan toilet 3000 PIT TOILET LATRINE 3100 Unspecified type of pit latrine 3110 Own pit toilet or latrine (unspecified type) 3120 Shared pit toiletor latrine (unspecified type) 3121 Public pit toilet or latrine (unspecified type) 3200 Traditional pit toilet or latrine 3210 Pit latrine without slab or open pit 3300 Pit latrine with slab 3400 Ventilated improved pit latrine 3410 Covered pit latrine, no slab 3420 Covered pit latrine with slab 3430 Covered latrine 3440 Septic pit 4000 UNIMPROVED TOILET 4100 Bucket toilet 4200 River 4300 Hanging latrine over water source 5000 OTHER 9998 Missing 1112 Private flush toilet, outside residence 1211 Flush to piped sewer system, indoors 1212 Flush to piped sewer system, inside yard 1213 Flush to piped sewer system, out of yard 3310 Pit latrine with washable slab 3320 Pit latrine with non-washable slab 3490 Other improved system 3463 Latrine to piped public system, out of yard 3462 Latrine to piped public system, inside yard 3461 Latrine to piped public system, indoors 3443 Latrine to septic tank, out of yard 3442 Latrine to septic tank, inside yard 3441 Latrine to septic tank, indoors 3212 Open pit latrine, out of yard 3211 Open pit latrine, inside yard 1253 Flush to septic tank, out of yard 1252 Flush to septic tank, inside yard 1251 Flush to septic tank, indoors 1250 Flush to septic tank 1240 Flush, not to sewer 1233 Flush to ground water, out of yard 1232 Flush to ground water, inside yard 1231 Flush to ground water, indoors 3450 Latrine with manual flush 3460 Latrine to piped public system 9999 NIU (not in universe) 1230 Flush to pipe connected to ground water 1220 Flush to pipe connected to canal 1132 Public flush toilet, outside residence 1131 Public flush toilet, inside residence 1130 Public flush toilet (unspecified type) 1111 Private flush toilet, inside residence Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Household shares toilet facility 18A. Is the toilet facility only used by your household or do you share it with other households? PRIVATE USE 1 SHARED USE 2 TOILETSHAREYN (HV225) indicates whether the household has a toilet facility that is shared with at least one other household. A "no" response (code "0") indicates the household has a toilet that is not shared; a "yes" response (code "1") indicates the household shares a toilet facility; "not in universe" (code "9") means the household has no toilet facility. The information in TOILETSHAREYN is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Major source of drinking water 16. What is the main source of drinking water for members of your household? PIPED WATER PIPED INTO DWELLING/YARD/PLOT 11 (GO TO 18) PIPED TO EXTERIOR 12 PUBLIC TAP/STANDPIPE 13 WELL IN THE YARD/PLOT EQUIPPED WITH PUMP 21 (GO TO 18) NOT EQUIPPED WITH PUMP 22 (GO TO 18) DRAIN WELL 23 (GO TO 18) WELL OUTSIDE THE YARD/PLOT EQUIPPED WITH PUMP 24 NOT EQUIPPED WITH PUMP 25 DRAIN WELL 26 SURFACE WATER SPRING 31 RIVER 32 POND/LAKE 33 DAM 34 RAINWATER 41 (GO TO 18) TANKER TRUCK 51 BOTTLED WATER 61 (GO TO 18) OTHER (SPECIFY) _____________ 96 DRINKWTR (HV201) reports the household's main source of drinking water. Responses vary widely across surveys; see Comparability. The information in DRINKWTR is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 2213 Protected well in neighbor's residence/plot 9996 Non-resident 1000 PIPED WATER 1100 Piped into own dwelling/yard/plot 1110 Piped into own dwelling 1120 Piped into own yard/plot 1200 Piped outside own residence/plot 1210 Public tap/standpipe 1220 Piped into neighbor's dwelling/yard 2000 WELL WATER 2100 Unprotected/open well 2110 Open well in own dwelling/yard/plot 2111 Open well in own dwelling 2112 Open well in own yard/plot 2120 Open public well 2130 Open well in neighbor's residence 2200 Protected well 2210 Protected well in own dwelling/yard/plot 2211 Protected well in own dwelling 2212 Protected well in own yard/plot 2220 Protected public well 2230 Tube well or borehole 2231 Borehole in yard/plot 2232 Public borehole 2300 Unspecified well 2310 Unspecified well in residence/yard/plot 2311 Unspecified well in own dwelling 2312 Unspecified well in own yard/plot 2313 Handpump in yard/plot 2320 Unspecified public well 2321 Public shallow well 2322 Public traditional well 2323 Public handpump 2330 Unspecified neighbor's well 2340 Unspecified well by type 2341 Well with pump 2342 Well without pump 3000 SURFACE WATER 3100 Spring 3110 Protected spring/surface water 3120 Unprotected spring/surface water 3200 River/dam/lake/ponds/streams/canal/irrigation channel 3210 River, stream 3220 Pond, lake 3230 Dam 3240 Canal or river/canal 3250 Irrigation ditch 3260 Dugout pond 3300 Channeled by gravity flow scheme 4000 RAINWATER 4100 Rainwater collected in tank 5000 PURCHASED FROM SUPPLIER 5100 Tanker truck 5200 Cart with small tank 5300 Water vendor 5400 Bottled water 5410 Sachet water (in a bag) 6000 OTHER SOURCE 9998 Missing 1211 Public tap from filtration plant 1212 Public tap from stone pipes 5310 Water vendor from unknown source 5320 Water vendor from protected well 5330 Water vendor from unprotected well 5340 Water vendor from pond/lake 9999 NIU (not in universe) 5500 Community reverse osmosis plant 5201 Motorcycle with 3 wheels Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Time to water source (from individual respondent record) 17. How long does it take to go there, get water, and come back? MINUTES ______ ON SITE 996 TIMETOWTRIND (V115) reports the amount of time, in minutes, to get to the household's major source of water, top-coded at 360+ minutes. This information is taken from the individual woman's record. The complementary variable TIMETOWTRHH (HV204) reports the same information, taken from the household record. 000 0 (on premises) 001 1 002 2 003 3 004 4 005 5 006 6 007 7 008 8 009 9 010 10 011 11 012 12 013 13 014 14 015 15 016 16 017 17 018 18 019 19 020 20 021 21 022 22 023 23 024 24 025 25 026 26 027 27 028 28 029 29 030 30 031 31 032 32 033 33 034 34 035 35 036 36 037 37 038 38 039 39 040 40 041 41 042 42 043 43 044 44 045 45 046 46 047 47 048 48 049 49 050 50 051 51 052 52 053 53 054 54 055 55 056 56 057 57 058 58 059 59 060 60 061 61 062 62 063 63 064 64 065 65 066 66 067 67 068 68 069 69 070 70 071 71 072 72 073 73 074 74 075 75 076 76 077 77 078 78 079 79 080 80 081 81 082 82 083 83 084 84 085 85 086 86 087 87 088 88 089 89 090 90 091 91 092 92 093 93 094 94 095 95 096 96 097 97 098 98 099 99 100 100 101 101 102 102 103 103 104 104 105 105 106 106 107 107 108 108 109 109 110 110 111 111 112 112 113 113 114 114 115 115 116 116 117 117 118 118 119 119 120 120 121 121 122 122 123 123 124 124 125 125 126 126 127 127 128 128 129 129 130 130 131 131 132 132 133 133 134 134 135 135 136 136 137 137 138 138 139 139 140 140 141 141 142 142 143 143 144 144 145 145 146 146 147 147 148 148 149 149 150 150 151 151 152 152 153 153 154 154 155 155 156 156 157 157 158 158 159 159 160 160 161 161 162 162 163 163 164 164 165 165 166 166 167 167 168 168 169 169 170 170 171 171 172 172 173 173 174 174 175 175 176 176 177 177 178 178 179 179 180 180 181 181 182 182 183 183 184 184 185 185 186 186 187 187 188 188 189 189 190 190 191 191 192 192 193 193 194 194 195 195 196 196 197 197 198 198 199 199 200 200 201 201 202 202 203 203 204 204 205 205 206 206 207 207 208 208 209 209 210 210 211 211 212 212 213 213 214 214 215 215 216 216 217 217 218 218 219 219 220 220 221 221 222 222 223 223 224 224 225 225 226 226 227 227 228 228 229 229 230 230 231 231 232 232 233 233 234 234 235 235 236 236 237 237 238 238 239 239 240 240 241 241 242 242 243 243 244 244 245 245 246 246 247 247 248 248 249 249 250 250 251 251 252 252 253 253 254 254 255 255 256 256 257 257 258 258 259 259 260 260 261 261 262 262 263 263 264 264 265 265 266 266 267 267 268 268 269 269 270 270 271 271 272 272 273 273 274 274 275 275 276 276 277 277 278 278 279 279 280 280 281 281 282 282 283 283 284 284 285 285 286 286 287 287 288 288 289 289 290 290 291 291 292 292 293 293 294 294 295 295 296 296 297 297 298 298 299 299 300 300 301 301 302 302 303 303 304 304 305 305 306 306 307 307 308 308 309 309 310 310 311 311 312 312 313 313 314 314 315 315 316 316 317 317 318 318 319 319 320 320 321 321 322 322 323 323 324 324 325 325 326 326 327 327 328 328 329 329 330 330 331 331 332 332 333 333 334 334 335 335 336 336 337 337 338 338 339 339 340 340 341 341 342 342 343 343 344 344 345 345 346 346 347 347 348 348 349 349 350 350 351 351 352 352 353 353 354 354 355 355 356 356 357 357 358 358 359 359 360 360+ 994 One day or longer 995 On premises 996 Non-resident 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Time to reach water source and return, in minutes (from HH record) 17. How long does it take to go there, get water, and come back? MINUTES ______ ON SITE 996 TIMETOWTRHH (HV204) reports the time in minutes it takes members of the household to get to their main source of water and return to their dwelling. In IPUMS-DHS, this variable is top-coded at 360 minutes or more (6 hours or longer). The information in TIMETOWTRHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 000 0 001 1 002 2 003 3 004 4 005 5 006 6 007 7 008 8 009 9 010 10 011 11 012 12 013 13 014 14 015 15 016 16 017 17 018 18 019 19 020 20 021 21 022 22 023 23 024 24 025 25 026 26 027 27 028 28 029 29 030 30 031 31 032 32 033 33 034 34 035 35 036 36 037 37 038 38 039 39 040 40 041 41 042 42 043 43 044 44 045 45 046 46 047 47 048 48 049 49 050 50 051 51 052 52 053 53 054 54 055 55 056 56 057 57 058 58 059 59 060 60 061 61 062 62 063 63 064 64 065 65 066 66 067 67 068 68 069 69 070 70 071 71 072 72 073 73 074 74 075 75 076 76 077 77 078 78 079 79 080 80 081 81 082 82 083 83 084 84 085 85 086 86 087 87 088 88 089 89 090 90 091 91 092 92 093 93 094 94 095 95 096 96 097 97 098 98 099 99 100 100 101 101 102 102 103 103 104 104 105 105 106 106 107 107 108 108 109 109 110 110 111 111 112 112 113 113 114 114 115 115 116 116 117 117 118 118 119 119 120 120 121 121 122 122 123 123 124 124 125 125 126 126 127 127 128 128 129 129 130 130 131 131 132 132 133 133 134 134 135 135 136 136 137 137 138 138 139 139 140 140 141 141 142 142 143 143 144 144 145 145 146 146 147 147 148 148 149 149 150 150 151 151 152 152 153 153 154 154 155 155 156 156 157 157 158 158 159 159 160 160 161 161 162 162 163 163 164 164 165 165 166 166 167 167 168 168 169 169 170 170 171 171 172 172 173 173 174 174 175 175 176 176 177 177 178 178 179 179 180 180 181 181 182 182 183 183 184 184 185 185 186 186 187 187 188 188 189 189 190 190 191 191 192 192 193 193 194 194 195 195 196 196 197 197 198 198 199 199 200 200 201 201 202 202 203 203 204 204 205 205 206 206 207 207 208 208 209 209 210 210 211 211 212 212 213 213 214 214 215 215 216 216 217 217 218 218 219 219 220 220 221 221 222 222 223 223 224 224 225 225 226 226 227 227 228 228 229 229 230 230 231 231 232 232 233 233 234 234 235 235 236 236 237 237 238 238 239 239 240 240 241 241 242 242 243 243 244 244 245 245 246 246 247 247 248 248 249 249 250 250 251 251 252 252 253 253 254 254 255 255 256 256 257 257 258 258 259 259 260 260 261 261 262 262 263 263 264 264 265 265 266 266 267 267 268 268 269 269 270 270 271 271 272 272 273 273 274 274 275 275 276 276 277 277 278 278 279 279 280 280 281 281 282 282 283 283 284 284 285 285 286 286 287 287 288 288 289 289 290 290 291 291 292 292 293 293 294 294 295 295 296 296 297 297 298 298 299 299 300 300 301 301 302 302 303 303 304 304 305 305 306 306 307 307 308 308 309 309 310 310 311 311 312 312 313 313 314 314 315 315 316 316 317 317 318 318 319 319 320 320 321 321 322 322 323 323 324 324 325 325 326 326 327 327 328 328 329 329 330 330 331 331 332 332 333 333 334 334 335 335 336 336 337 337 338 338 339 339 340 340 341 341 342 342 343 343 344 344 345 345 346 346 347 347 348 348 349 349 350 350 351 351 352 352 353 353 354 354 355 355 356 356 357 357 358 358 359 359 360 360+ 995 On premises 996 Non-resident 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Household has telephone 19. Does your household have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 A radio? YES 1 NO 2 A television? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 A refrigerator? YES 1 NO 2 HHPHONE (V153) indicates whether the household has a telephone. How the question was worded changed over time. See Comparability. The related variable MOBPHONE covers the household's access to a mobile phone, specifically. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing Possessions Variables -- TOPICS House has telephone (household record) 19. Does your household have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 A radio? YES 1 NO 2 A television? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 A refrigerator? YES 1 NO 2 HHPHONEHH (HV221) indicates whether any member of the household has a telephone (based on information from the household record). The information in HHPHONEHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has bicycle 22. Does any member of this household own: A cart? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle or motor scooter? YES 1 NO 2 A car or truck? YES 1 NO 2 BIKE (V123) indicates whether any member of the household has a bicycle. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has bicycle (from HH record) 22. Does any member of this household own: A cart? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle or motor scooter? YES 1 NO 2 A car or truck? YES 1 NO 2 BIKEHH (HV210) indicates whether any member of the household has a bicycle. The information in BIKEHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has car/truck 22. Does any member of this household own: A cart? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle or motor scooter? YES 1 NO 2 A car or truck? YES 1 NO 2 CAR (V125) indicates whether any member of the household owns a car or truck (or other motor vehicle). The specific type of motor vehicle mentioned varies across samples. See Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has car/truck (from HH record) 22. Does any member of this household own: A cart? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle or motor scooter? YES 1 NO 2 A car or truck? YES 1 NO 2 CARHH (HV212) indicates whether any member of the household owns a car or truck (or other motor vehicle). The specific type of motor vehicle mentioned varies across samples. See Comparability. The information in CARHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has motorcycle/scooter 22. Does any member of this household own: A cart? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle or motor scooter? YES 1 NO 2 A car or truck? YES 1 NO 2 MOTORCYCL (V124) indicates whether any member of the household owns a motorcycle or scooter. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has motorcycle/scooter (from HH record) 22. Does any member of this household own: A cart? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle or motor scooter? YES 1 NO 2 A car or truck? YES 1 NO 2 MOTORCYCLHH (HV211) indicates whether any member of the household owns a motorcycle or scooter. The information in MOTORCYCLHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has refrigerator 19. Does your household have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 A radio? YES 1 NO 2 A television? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 A refrigerator? YES 1 NO 2 FRIDGE (V122) indicates whether the household has a refrigerator. Some samples specified that the refrigerator must be working or must be owned by the household. See comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has refrigerator (from HH record) 19. Does your household have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 A radio? YES 1 NO 2 A television? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 A refrigerator? YES 1 NO 2 FRIDGEHH (HV209) indicates whether the household has a refrigerator. Some samples specified that the refrigerator must be working or owned by the household. See Comparability. The information in FRIDGEHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has radio 19. Does your household have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 A radio? YES 1 NO 2 A television? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 A refrigerator? YES 1 NO 2 RADIO (V120) indicates whether the household has a radio. Some samples specified that the radio must be working or fit other specifications. See Comparability. 8 Unknown 1 Yes 0 No 6 Non-resident Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has radio (from HH record) 19. Does your household have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 A radio? YES 1 NO 2 A television? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 A refrigerator? YES 1 NO 2 RADIOHH (HV207) indicates whether any member of the household owns a radio. Some samples specified that the radio must be working or fit other specifications. See Comparability. The information in RADIOHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has television 19. Does your household have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 A radio? YES 1 NO 2 A television? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 A refrigerator? YES 1 NO 2 TELEVISION (V121) indicates whether the household has a television. Some samples specified that the TV must be in working order. See Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has television (from HH record) 19. Does your household have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 A radio? YES 1 NO 2 A television? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 A refrigerator? YES 1 NO 2 TVHH (HV208) indicates whether any member of the household has a television. Some samples specified that the TV must be in working order. See Comparability. The information in TVHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has animal-drawn cart 22. Does any member of this household own: A cart? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle or motor scooter? YES 1 NO 2 A car or truck? YES 1 NO 2 DRAWNCART indicates whether a household member owned an animal-drawn cart. Question wording varied across samples; see Comparability. The information in DRAWNCART is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Agricultural possessions Variables -- TOPICS Type of salt used by household 24. Can you show me the salt that you used to cook the main meal yesterday or last night? DIDN'T USE ANY 00 FINE SALT IN PACKET 01 LOOSE FINE SALT 02 COARSE SALT IN PACKET 03 LOOSE COARSE SALT 04 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ 96 REFUSES TO SHOW 05 SALTIODIZE (HV222) reports the type of salt the household uses for cooking, with an emphasis on whether the salt is known to be iodized. Iodized salt may prevent iodine deficiency, and thus protect against brain damage during child development and pregnancy. The information in SALTIODIZE is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 96 Non-resident 10 Packaged salt 11 Packaged salt - iodized 12 Packaged salt - noniodized 20 Other salt 21 Local salt 22 Loose salt 23 Salt for animals 24 Natron in block 98 Missing 13 Packaged salt - other 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) 25 Other, n.e.c. 00 No salt available 95 Doesn't cook Nutrition Variables -- TOPICS Iodized salt in household (bridging variable) 24. Can you show me the salt that you used to cook the main meal yesterday or last night? DIDN'T USE ANY 00 FINE SALT IN PACKET 01 LOOSE FINE SALT 02 COARSE SALT IN PACKET 03 LOOSE COARSE SALT 04 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ 96 REFUSES TO SHOW 05 SALTBRIDGE serves as a bridging variable between two approaches to collecting information on the presence of iodized salt in the household. Initially, respondents were asked, "What type of salt is usually used for cooking in your household?" Respondents were also asked to show their salt package to the interviewer. Beginning with Phase 4 of the standard DHS questionnaire, respondents were asked to provide the interviewer with a teaspoon of cooking salt, which the interviewer then tested. Iodine testing methods varied across phases and countries. SALTBRIDGE combines information from the first approach of asking about cooking salt (in SALTIODIZE (HV222)) and the second approach of testing the cooking salt for iodine (in SALTEST3 (HV234)). The information in SALTBRIDGE is taken from the household record, linked to the record of the woman respondent. This information applies to household residents, not temporary visitors, so researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT (V135) variable (with visitors coded "2"). See Comparability for more information. 96 Non-resident 10 Iodized salt in household 11 Packaged salt - iodized 20 Non-iodized salt in household 21 Packaged salt - noniodized 30 Salt not tested 31 Local salt 32 Loose salt 33 Salt for animals 34 Natron in block 35 Packaged salt - other 36 Other, n.e.c. 97 Doesn't cook 98 Missing/no salt available 99 NIU (not in universe) Nutrition Variables -- TOPICS Currently working 709. Aside from your own housework, have you done any work in the last seven days? YES 1 (GO TO 712) NO 2 CURRWORK (V714) indicates whether the woman is currently working at a job or business. To distinguish employment from household labor, many surveys included a preface such as the following: "As you know, some women take up jobs for which they are paid in cash or in kind. Others sell things, have a small business or work on the family farm or in the family business." Women who have worked outside of their own housework in the last 12 months and been paid in cash, cash and in-kind, or only in-kind payments are included as working, although the survey questions vary in who receives an affirmative response. See Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneous 12 Yes, prompted 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Woman's occupation 712. What is your occupation, that is, what kind of work do you mainly do? ____ WKCURRJOB (V717) reports the occupation of the respondent in somewhat standardized categories. The categories included, and the degree of detail within broad categories (e.g., self-employed versus employee in agriculture, or simply agriculture), vary across samples. IPUMS-DHS employs composite coding to maximize comparability across samples (using the first digit of the codes to indicate broad job categories) without loss of detailed information (preserved in the second digit). The category "agriculture" includes fishermen, foresters, breeders, and hunters as well as farmers. 00 Not currently working 10 Professional, technical, or managerial worker 20 Clerical or Sales 21 Clerical worker 22 Sales worker 30 Agricultural 31 Self-employed agricultural worker 32 Agricultural employee 40 Household, domestic, and services 41 Household and domestic worker 42 Services worker 50 Skilled and unskilled manual 51 Skilled manual worker 52 Unskilled manual worker 60 Armed forces 96 Other 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Respondent's current type of employment. 715. Do you do this work for a member of your family, for someone else, or are you self-employed? FOR FAMILY MEMBER 1 FOR SOMEONE ELSE 2 SELF-EMPLOYED 3 WKCURRTYPE (V718) indicates the woman's current type of employment, along the two dimensions of class of worker (paid, self-employed, unpaid) and location (at home or away). 8 Missing 0 Did not work 1 Paid employee, away 2 Paid employee, home 3 Self-employed, away 4 Self-employed, home 5 Unpaid worker, away 6 Unpaid worker, home Work Variables -- TOPICS Whom the respondent works for 715. Do you do this work for a member of your family, for someone else, or are you self-employed? FOR FAMILY MEMBER 1 FOR SOMEONE ELSE 2 SELF-EMPLOYED 3 WHOWORKFOR (V719) indicates whether the respondent works for a family member, for someone else, or is self-employed. 24 For someone else 23 For someone else (unpaid) 10 Works for self 11 Self-employed 12 Employer 20 Works for someone else 21 For family member (unpaid) 22 For family member 30 Works for self and someone else 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) 40 Other Work Variables -- TOPICS Woman earns cash for work 720. Do you earn a salary for this work? INSIST: Do you earn money for doing this work? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 723) WKEARNCASH (V720) indicates whether the woman earns cash for her work. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Woman works at home or away from home 723. Do you usually work in the home or outside the home? IN THE HOME 1 OUTSIDE THE HOME 2 WKHOMEAWAY (V721) indicates whether the respondent currently works at home or away from home. 1 At home 2 Away 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Who cares for youngest child while woman works 725. Who usually takes care of (NAME OF YOUNGEST CHILD IN HOUSEHOLD) while you are working? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND/PARTNER 2 OLDER FEMALE CHILD 3 OLDER MALE CHILD 4 OTHER RELATIVES 5 COUSINS 6 FRIENDS 7 NANNY/HIRED PERSON 8 CHILD GOES TO SCHOOL 9 DAYCARE/KINDERGARTEN 10 HASN'T WORKED SINCE LAST BIRTH 95 OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ 96 For women who are currently working and who have a young child living at home, WKKIDCARE (V723) reports who usually cares for the youngest child while the woman is working. 00 Respondent 01 Husband /partner 02 Other child 03 Other relatives 04 Neighbors 05 Friends 06 Servants /hired help 07 Child is in school 08 Institutional care 09 Child's grandparents 10 Other female child 11 Other male child 95 Not worked since birth 96 Other 97 Don't know 98 Missing Work Variables -- TOPICS Respondent worked recently 711. Have you done any work in the last 12 months? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 801) WKWORKLASTYR (V731) indicates whether the respondent worked recently (i.e., was currently working, was on leave from a job in the past 7 days, or worked in the past year). 00 No 10 Yes 11 Worked in the past year 12 Currently working 13 Has a job, but on leave last 7 days 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Respondent works all year, seasonally, or occasionally 716. Do you usually work throughout the year, or do you work seasonally, or only once in a while? THROUGHOUT THE YEAR 1 (GO TO 718) SEASONALLY/PART OF THE YEAR 2 ONCE IN A WHILE 3 (GO TO 719) WKEMPLOYWHEN (V732) indicates whether the woman works throughout the year, seasonally, or occasionally. 10 All year 20 Less than all year 21 Most of the year 22 Part of the year 23 Seasonally 24 Occasionally 25 Temporary 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) 29 Other Work Variables -- TOPICS Months worked in the last year 717. Out of the last 12 months, how many months did you work? NUMBER OF MONTHS ____ For women who reported working seasonally, WKMONTHSYR (V733) reports how many months they worked in the last year. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Days worked in a typical week 718. Over the last 12 months, about how many days per week did you generally work? NUMBER OF DAYS ____ (GO TO 720) WKDAYSPERWK (V734) reports how many days the woman worked in a typical week, during the months she worked in the last 12 months. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Number of days worked in the last year 719. Over the last 12 months, about how many days did you work? NUMBER OF DAYS ____ WKDAYSLASTYR (V735) reports the number of days the woman worked in the 12 months prior to the interview. 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Earnings for work 721. How much do you usually earn for this work? INSIST: Is it by day, by week or by month? RECORD IN MGF X 1,000. BY HOUR 1 _____ BY DAY 2 _____ BY WEEK 3 _____ BY MONTH 4 _____ BY YEAR 5 _____ OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 999996 For respondents who reported earning cash for their work, WKINCOME (V736) is an 8-digit numeric variable that reports the usual amount the respondent earns in cash. The first digit gives the units in which the amount was specified, while the remaining 7 digits give the total amount. The first digit, or units digit, is coded as follows: 1 indicates earnings per hour 2 indicates earnings per day 3 indicates earnings per week 4 indicates earnings per month 5 indicates earnings per year For example, 30000400 would indicate that the respondent received 400 per week. The currency and units of currency used are both country-specific. The values reported in WKINCOME are used to create two other variables with standard time units: WKINCOMEDAY 99999997 Don't know 99999998 Missing 99999999 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Approximate daily earnings 721. How much do you usually earn for this work? INSIST: Is it by day, by week or by month? RECORD IN MGF X 1,000. BY HOUR 1 _____ BY DAY 2 _____ BY WEEK 3 _____ BY MONTH 4 _____ BY YEAR 5 _____ OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 999996 For respondents who reported earning cash for their work, WKINCOMEDAY (V737) is a 7-digit numeric variable that reports the respondent's daily earnings. The values are estimated from the earnings and unit reported in WKINCOME (V736). 9999995 9999995+ 9999997 Don't know 9999998 Missing 9999999 NIU (not in universe) 9999994 Not paid in cash Work Variables -- TOPICS Approximate yearly earnings 721. How much do you usually earn for this work? INSIST: Is it by day, by week or by month? RECORD IN MGF X 1,000. BY HOUR 1 _____ BY DAY 2 _____ BY WEEK 3 _____ BY MONTH 4 _____ BY YEAR 5 _____ OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 999996 For respondents who reported earning cash for their work, WKINCOMEYR (V738) is a 7-digit numeric variable that reports the respondent's yearly earnings. The values are estimated from the earnings and unit reported in WKINCOME (V736). 9999994 Not paid in cash 9999995 9999995+ 9999996 Other responses 9999998 Missing 9999999 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Type of land where respondent works 714. Do you work mainly on your own land or on family land, or do you work on land that you rent from someone else, or do you work on someone else's land? OWN LAND 1 FAMILY LAND 2 RENTED LAND 3 SOMEONE ELSE'S LAND 4 WKTYPELAND (V740) reports the type of land where the respondent has done agricultural work (currently or in the last 12 months). 10 Own land 20 Family land 30 Someone else's land 40 Rented land 50 Other responses 51 Public land/govt allocation 52 Communal land/shifting cultivation 53 Sharecropper 54 Other, unspecified 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Partner's occupation 706. What is (was) your husband's/partner's occupation? That is, what kind of work does (did) he mainly do? _____ HUSJOB (V705) reports the occupation of the woman's husband/partner in somewhat standardized categories. The categories included, and the degree of detail within broad categories (e.g., self-employed versus employee in agriculture, or simply agriculture), vary across samples. IPUMS-DHS employs composite coding to maximize comparability across samples (using the first digit of the codes to indicate broader job categories) without loss of detailed information (preserved in the second digit). The category "agriculture" includes fishermen, foresters, breeders, and hunters as well as farmers. 10 Did not work 11 Not working, student or applicant 12 Unemployed 13 Student 20 Prof., Tech., Manag. 30 Clerical or Sales 31 Clerical 32 Sales 40 Agricultural, breeding, fishing, forest 41 Agriculture, self-employed 42 Agriculture, employee 50 Household, domestic, and services 51 Household and domestic 52 Services 60 Skilled and unskilled manual 61 Skilled manual 62 Unskilled manual 70 Other 71 Army 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Type of land where partner works 708. Did/Does your husband/partner work mainly on his own land or on family land, or does/did he work on land that he rents/rented from someone else, or does/did he work on someone else's land? OWN LAND 1 FAMILY LAND 2 RENTED LAND 3 SOMEONE ELSE'S LAND 4 For women who are currently married and whose husband or partner works in agriculture, WKHUSLAND (V707) reports the type of land where he works. 10 Own/family land 11 Own land 12 Family land 20 Someone else's land 30 Rented land 40 Other responses 41 Public land/govt allocation 42 Communal land/shifting cultivation 43 Sharecropper 44 Other, unspecified 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Household wealth index in quintiles WEALTHQ (V190) refers to the relative wealth of the household where the woman lives, divided into quintiles from the poorest (code 1) to the richest (code 5). The wealth index is defined in the DHS Recode Manuals as follows: The wealth index is a composite measure of a household's cumulative living standard. The wealth index is calculated using easy-to-use data on a household's ownership of selected assets, such as televisions and bicycles; materials used for housing construction; and types of water access and sanitation facilities. Generated with a statistical procedure known as principal components analysis, the wealth index places individual households on a continuous scale of relative wealth. DHS separates all interviewed households into five quintiles of wealth. For additional information about the calculation and meaning of the wealth index, users should consult the summary information about the wealth index on The DHS Program website here [URL omitted from DDI.] and/or the DHS Comparative Report on "The DHS Wealth Index" here [URL omitted from DDI.]. The complementary variable WEALTHS reports the wealth index factor score for the woman's household in a specific sample. WEALTHQ and WEALTHS are included on the woman's record for Phase 5 forward only. IPUMS-DHS has made available these variables for Phase 2 forward, by linking the wealth index files to the woman's individual recode files. The variables used to calculate wealth index quintiles and the level of wealth implied by a specific ranking are sample-specific. See Comparability. 1 Poorest 2 Poorer 3 Middle 4 Richer 5 Richest 8 Missing Wealth index Variables -- TOPICS Wealth index factor score (5 decimals) WEALTHS (V191) refers to the household's wealth index value generated by the product of standardized scores (z-scores) and factor coefficient scores (factor loadings) of wealth indicators. Most researchers will want to use instead the complementary variable WEALTHQ (V190), which reports quintile ranking (from poorest to richest) of the woman's household, in terms of wealth score, for a given sample. For further information about the calculation and meaning of the wealth index, see the description of WEALTHQ, the summary information about the wealth index on the DHS Program website here [URL omitted from DDI.] and/or the DHS Comparative Report on "The DHS Wealth Index" here [URL omitted from DDI.]. The variables used to calculate wealth index scores are sample-specific. See Comparability. WEALTHS (V191) is a 12-digit numeric variable. Wealth index Variables -- TOPICS Reported literacy 114. Can you read and understand a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all? EASILY 1 WITH DIFFICULTY 2 NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 116) LIT1 (V108) indicates whether the woman could read. This information was obtained in response to the question, "Can you read a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?" In many countries, persons with secondary or higher levels of schooling were presumed to "read easily," but coding criteria varied across countries. Simply asking women whether and how easily they could read was the approach used to determine literacy in DHS Phases 1-3. Beginning in Phase 4, a different approach was employed to determine literacy. See LIT2 (V155) for details about that second approach, which involved having the respondent read a sentence aloud. See LITBRIG for information about using the data on literacy across all phases of the DHS. 00 Cannot read 10 Reads 11 Reads with difficulty 12 Reads easily 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Literacy bridging variable 114. Can you read and understand a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all? EASILY 1 WITH DIFFICULTY 2 NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 116) LITBRIG serves as a bridging variable between two approaches to collecting information on literacy. Initially, respondents were asked, "Can you read a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?" In many countries, persons with secondary or higher levels of schooling were presumed to "read easily," but coding criteria varied across countries. Beginning with Phase 4 of the DHS, persons with less than secondary school education were asked to demonstrate their literacy level by reading aloud a sentence on a card and were classified as "cannot read at all," "able to read only parts of sentence," and "able to read whole sentence." As before, those with secondary or higher schooling were presumed to have attained the highest literacy level. LITBRIG combines information from the first approach of asking about literacy (in LIT1 [V108]) and the second approach of testing literacy based on reading a sentence aloud (in LIT2 [V155]). See Comparability for more information. 10 Yes, reads 11 Reads easily/whole sentence 12 Reads with difficulty/part of sentence 20 No, cannot read 30 Not ascertained (blind or diff. language) 31 No card with required language 32 Blind or visually impaired 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Highest educational level 108. What is the highest level of school you attended: primary, secondary, or higher? PRIMARY 1 MIDDLE SCHOOL 2 HIGH SCHOOL 3 HIGHER 4 For women who ever went to school, EDUCLVL (V106) reports the highest level of school they attended. Countries vary in the gradations of their school systems, but EDUCLVL is a standardized variable reporting level of education in four broad categories: No education, Primary, Secondary, and Higher. The DHS recode manuals state, "In some countries the educational system does not fit naturally within this scheme, and a different categorization was used for the Final Report. In this case, this variable is constructed as accurately as possible from the country's own scheme, and the variable used for the Final Report is included as a country-specific variable." 0 No education 1 Primary 2 Secondary 3 Higher 8 Missing Education Variables -- TOPICS Highest year of education in level 109. What is the highest grade you completed at that level? GRADE ____ For women who ever attended school, YRSCHL (V107) reports the number of years of education completed at the highest level of schooling achieved (primary, secondary, or higher), as reported in EDUCLVL (V106). See Comparability. For the woman's total years of education, see EDYRTOTAL (V133). 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Total years education 109. What is the highest grade you completed at that level? GRADE ____ EDYRTOTAL (V133) reports the woman's education level in single years. This variable is constructed from responses to EDUCLVL (V106) and YRSCHL (V107) as follows: If EDUCLVL = "No education," EDYRTOTAL = "0" If EDUCLVL = "Primary," EDYRTOTAL = YRSCHL If EDUCLVL = "Secondary," EDYRTOTAL = YRSCHL + x If EDUCLVL = "Higher," EDYRTOTAL = YRSCHL + y If EDUCLVL = "Missing," EDYRTOTAL = "Missing" In the above equations, "x" equals the number of years needed to complete primary education, and "y" equals the number of years needed to complete primary and secondary education. The values of "x" and "y" are country-specific. 98 Missing 97 Don't know 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 01 1 00 0 96 Inconsistent 27 27 Education Variables -- TOPICS Summary educational achievement 109. What is the highest grade you completed at that level? GRADE ____ EDACHIEVER (V149) is a summary variable that reports the woman's highest level of education in broad categories. Countries vary in the gradations of their school systems, but EDACHIEVER is a standardized variable providing the level of education in six categories: No education, Incomplete primary, Complete primary, Incomplete secondary, Complete secondary, and Higher. EDACHIEVER is constructed from information contained in EDUCLVL (V106) and YRSCHL (V107). 0 No education 1 Incomplete primary 2 Complete primary 3 Incomplete secondary 4 Complete secondary 5 Higher 8 Missing Education Variables -- TOPICS Woman still in school 111. Do you currently attend school? YES 1 (GO TO 113) NO 2 INSCHOOL (V148) indicates whether young women are currently attending school or university. Women age 24 or older are assumed to no longer be in school and automatically coded as "No" (code "0"). 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Reason woman stopped attending school 112. What is the main reason you stopped going to school? GOT PREGNANT 01 GOT MARRIED 02 TO WATCH YOUNGER CHILDREN 03 FAMILY NEEDED HELP IN FIELDS/AT WORK 04 COULD NOT PAY FEES 05 NEEDED TO EARN MONEY 06 SUFFICIENTLY SCHOOLED 07 FAILED AT SCHOOL 08 NO LONGER LIKED SCHOOL 09 SCHOOL INACCESSIBLE/TOO FAR 10 OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 96 DOESN'T KNOW 98 For women who had ever attended, but are no longer attending school, WHYDROPOUT (V154) reports the reason why they stopped attending school. 01 Got pregnant 02 Got married 03 Needed to take care of children 04 Family needed help 05 Could not pay for school 06 Needed to earn money 07 Graduated/had enough schooling 08 Failed/did not pass exams 09 Did not like school 10 School was not accessible/too far 11 Preferred to work 12 Health problems/got sick 13 Told by parents to stop 14 No opportunity to continue/no vacancies 15 School shut down/no teacher 16 Moved 17 Waiting for approved admission 18 Family displaced 96 Other 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Partner's educational level 704. What was the highest level of school he attended: primary, secondary or higher? PRIMARY 1 SECONDARY 1 2 SECONDARY 2 3 HIGHER 4 (GO TO 706) For women who had ever been married or lived with a man, HUSEDLVL (V701) reports the highest level of school attended by their most recent husband/partner. Countries vary in the gradations of their school systems, but HUSEDLVL is a standardized variable reporting the level of education in four categories: No education, Primary, Secondary, and Higher. The DHS recode manuals state, "In some countries the educational system does not fit naturally within this scheme, and a different categorization was used for the Final Report. In this case, this variable is constructed as accurately as possible from the country's own scheme, and the variable used for the Final Report is included as a country-specific variable." 0 No education 1 Primary 2 Secondary 3 Higher 4 Other 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Partner's highest year of education in level 705. What was the highest grade he completed at that level? GRADE ____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 For women whose most recent husband/partner had ever attended school, HUSEDYR (V702) reports the number of years of schooling completed by their husband/partner at the educational level (primary, secondary, or higher) reported in HUSEDLVL (V701). For the husband's total years of education, see HUSEDYRS (V715). 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 95 Other 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Partner's education in total years schooling 705. What was the highest grade he completed at that level? GRADE ____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 For women who had ever been married or lived with a man, HUSEDYRS (V715) reports the education of the woman's most recent husband/partner in single years. This variable is constructed from responses to HUSEDLVL (V701) and HUSEDYR (V702) as follows: If HUSEDLVL = "No education," HUSEDYRS = "0" If HUSEDLVL = "Primary," HUSEDYRS = HUSEDYR If HUSEDLVL = "Secondary," HUSEDYRS = HUSEDYR + x If HUSEDLVL = "Higher," HUSEDYRS = HUSEDYR + y If HUSEDLVL = "Missing," HUSEDYRS = "Missing" In the above equations, "x" equals the number of years needed to complete primary education, and "y" equals the number of years needed to complete primary and secondary education. The values of "x" and "y" are country-specific. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 95 Other 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Husband's summary educational achievement 705. What was the highest grade he completed at that level? GRADE ____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 HUSEDACHIEVER (V729) is a summary variable that reports the highest level of education in broad categories for the woman's husband/partner. Countries vary in the gradations of their school systems, but HUSEDACHIEVER is a standardized variable providing the level of education in six categories: No education, Incomplete primary, Complete primary, Incomplete secondary, Complete secondary, and Higher. HUSEDACHIEVER is constructed from information contained in the HUSEDLVL (V701) and HUSEDYR (V702) variables. 0 No education 1 Incomplete primary 2 Complete primary 3 Incomplete secondary 4 Complete secondary 5 Higher 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Reads newspaper once a week 115. Do you read a newspaper or magazine at least once a week? YES 1 NO 2 NEWSWK (V109) indicates whether the woman usually reads a newspaper or magazine at least once a week. For a comparable variable reporting the frequency of newspaper or magazine reading, see NEWSFQ (V157). For a variable bridging NEWSWK and NEWSFQ, see NEWSBRIG. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Media exposure Variables -- TOPICS Reads newspaper: Bridging variable 115. Do you read a newspaper or magazine at least once a week? YES 1 NO 2 NEWSBRIG serves as a bridging variable between two approaches to collecting information on exposure to newspapers and magazines. For DHS Phases 1-3, respondents were asked whether they read a newspaper or magazine at least once a week (NEWSWK (V109)). Beginning in DHS Phase 4, respondents were asked how often they read newspapers or magazines (NEWSFQ (V157)). NEWSBRIG uses composite coding to combine data from these two approaches. See Comparability for more information. 00 No 01 No, not at all 02 No, less than once a week 10 Yes 11 At least once a week 12 Almost every day 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) 97 Don't know Media exposure Variables -- TOPICS Watches TV every week 117. Do you watch the television at least once a week? YES 1 NO 2 TVWK (V110) indicates whether the woman usually watches television at least once a week. For a comparable variable reporting the frequency of watching television, see TVFQ (V159). For a variable bridging TVWK and TVFQ, see TVBRIG. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Media exposure Variables -- TOPICS Watches television: Bridging variable 117. Do you watch the television at least once a week? YES 1 NO 2 TVBRIG serves as a bridging variable between two approaches to collecting information on exposure to television. For DHS Phases 1-3, respondents were asked whether they watch television at least once a week (TVWK (V110)). Beginning in DHS Phase 4, respondents were asked how often they watch television (TVFQ (V159)). TVBRIG uses composite coding to combine data from these two approaches; see Comparability. 00 No 01 No, not at all 02 No, less than once a week 10 Yes 11 At least once a week 12 Almost every day 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) 97 Don't know Media exposure Variables -- TOPICS Listens to radio every day 116. Do you listen to the radio at least once a day? YES 1 NO 2 RADIODAY (V111) indicates whether the woman usually listens to the radio every day. 1 Yes 8 Missing 0 No Media exposure Variables -- TOPICS Listens to radio every week 116. Do you listen to the radio at least once a day? YES 1 NO 2 RADIOWK (V112) indicates whether the woman usually listens to the radio at least once a week. Women who reported that they listen to the radio daily (see RADIODAY (V111)) were automatically coded as "Yes." For a comparable variable reporting the frequency of listening to the radio, see RADIOFQ (V158). For a variable bridging RADIOWK and RADIOFQ, see RADIOBRIG. 1 Yes 8 Missing 0 No Media exposure Variables -- TOPICS Listens to radio: Bridging variable 116. Do you listen to the radio at least once a day? YES 1 NO 2 RADIOBRIG serves as a bridging variable between two approaches to collecting information on exposure to the radio. For DHS Phases 1-3, respondents were asked whether they listen to the radio at least once a week (RADIOWK (V112)). Beginning in DHS Phase 4, respondents were asked how often they listen to the radio (RADIOFQ (V158)). RADIOBRIG uses composite coding to combine data from these two approaches; see Comparability. 00 No 01 Not at all 02 Less than once a week 10 Yes 11 At least once a week 12 Almost every day 98 Missing 97 Don't know Media exposure Variables -- TOPICS Final say on spending woman's earnings 722. CHECK 502: YES, CURRENTLY MARRIED OR LIVING WITH A MAN. Who principally decides how the money you earn will be used? NO, NOT IN UNION. Who principally decides how the money you earn will be used? ('HUSBAND/PARTNER' OMITTED IN RESPONSE SET) RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND/PARTNER 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND/PARTNER JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 SOMEONE ELSE AND RESPONDENT TOGETHER 5 For women who have worked in the last 12 months and were paid in cash or in cash and in kind in the last 12 months, DECFEMEARN (V739) indicates who in the woman's household usually makes decisions regarding how the income she earns is spent. 10 Woman alone 20 Woman and husband/partner 30 Woman and someone else 40 Husband/partner 50 Someone else 51 Mother or father 52 Aunt or uncle 53 Family elders 54 Someone else, unspecified 60 Other or not applciable 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Decision-making Variables -- TOPICS Fertility preferences 602. CHECK 227: NOT PREGNANT OR UNSURE. Now I have some questions about the future. Would you like to have a/another child, or would you prefer not to have any(more) children? PREGNANT. Now I have some questions about the future. After the child you are expecting now, would you like to have another child, or would you prefer not to have any more children? HAVE (A/ANOTHER) CHILD 1 NO MORE/NONE 2 (GO TO 604) SAYS SHE CAN'T GET PREGNANT 3 (GO TO 606) UNDECIDED/DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 604) For countries with low contraceptive prevalence, FERTPREF (V602) reports responses to the question, "Would you like to have a (another) child or would you prefer not to have any (more) children"? The standard response categories are "have another," "no more/none," "says she can't get pregnant," and "undecided or don't know." In Phase I, FERTPREF (V602), was constructed from two questions in countries with high contraceptive prevalence (Model "A" questionnaires). Women who responded that they want another child, but when asked when they would like the next child, respond that they cannot get pregnant, are classified in the "declared infecund category," and not in the "Wants another" category. Some samples also include the response "up to God." More detailed responses under the general category "says she can't get pregnant" are sometimes available. In IPUMS-DHS, all responses in the general category of "not at risk of pregnancy" share a common first digit of 5, while the second digit distinguishes between the specific reasons. In some countries, women who never had sexual intercourse (coded as "53" in IPUMS-DHS) were not asked the questions relating to their desire for future children. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Missing 53 Never had sex 52 Declared infecund 51 Sterilized 50 Not at risk of pregnancy 40 Up to God 30 No more 20 Undecided 10 Have another General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Unmet need for FP UNMETNEED (V624) is a constructed variable that reports a woman's need for family planning according to whether she has an unmet need or a met need to space or to limit her future births. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. The following describes the constructed categories in more detail: Unmet need for spacing includes pregnant women whose pregnancy was mistimed, postpartum amenorrheic women whose last birth was mistimed, and fecund women who are neither pregnant nor postpartum amenorrheic and who are not using any method of family planning and say they want to wait two or more years for their next birth, are undecided about the timing of the next birth, or are undecided whether to have another child. Unmet need for limiting includes pregnant women whose pregnancy was unwanted, postpartum amenorrheic women whose last birth was unwanted, and fecund women who are neither pregnant nor postpartum amenorrheic and who are not using any method of family planning and who want no more children. Met need for spacing includes women who are using some method of family planning and say they want to have another child, are undecided about the timing of the next birth, or are undecided whether to have another child. Met need for limiting includes women who are using family planning and who want no more children. Note that the specific methods (modern or traditional) are not taken into account here. Met need describes women who have no need for contraceptive methods, either because they desire a child soon (within the next two years) or because they are menopausal or infecund. In high contraceptive prevalence countries (Model "A" countries), pregnant and postpartum amenorrheic women whose pregnancy was the result of a contraceptive failure are not included in the category of unmet need, but they are categorized as spacing failures or limiting failures. In low contraceptive prevalence countries (Model "B" countries), no such distinction is made, since information was not collected on contraceptive failure. Infecund women are also excluded from the unmet need categories. The "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" provides the following definitions: Fecundity: A woman is assumed to be fecund unless she declares that she is infecund, had a hysterectomy, or is menopausic. Women who are neither pregnant nor postpartum amenorrheic but who have not menstruated for six or more months, and married women who have not used contraception in the past five years but have not had a birth and are not pregnant, are also considered infecund. Failure to Space: This includes women who are pregnant (not due to a contraceptive failure) or are less than six months postpartum amenorrheic who say they wanted the current pregnancy later. Failure to Limit: This includes women who are pregnant (not due to a contraceptive failure) or are less than six months postpartum amenorrheic who say that they did not want another child before they became pregnant. Excluded from the unmet need category are women who became pregnant while using a method (these women are in need of a better method of contraception). The infecund or menopausal category on the UNMETNEED (V624) variable contains fewer cases than the EXPOSURE1 variable, because women who are categorized as infecund or menopausal, but are currently using a contraceptive method, are recorded in the two "met need" categories in UNMETNEED. UNMETNEED (V624) incorporates responses to the following variables: [EXPOSURE1/V623], which reports the woman's exposure to the risk of pregnancy, defined as pregnant, postpartum amenorrheic, menopausal or infecund, and fecund. [ V225], which reports whether a current pregnancy was wanted then, later or not at all (for women who were pregnant at the time of interview). [KIDDESIRE/V605] ,which reports whether the woman wants more children and when she would like them. [FPMETHNOW/V312] which reports the woman's current use of contraception. Users are also encouraged to see details of this variable provided in the "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006) [URL omitted from DDI.]. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Missing 61 Desire birth in less than 2 years 60 No unmet need 53 Never had sex 52 Not in union, not sexually active 51 Infecund or menopausal 50 Not at risk 41 No sex, want to wait 40 Future need for FP 32 Limiting failure 31 Spacing failure 30 Had FP failure 22 Using to limit 21 Using to space 20 Now using FP 12 Unmet need to limit 11 Unmet need to space 10 Has unmet need for FP General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Unmet need for FP (2nd def) UNMETNEED2 (V626) is a constructed variable that indicates a woman's need for family planning according to whether she has an unmet need or a met need to space or to limit her future births. UNMETNEED2 is similar to UNMETNEED, but UNMETNEED2 differently categorizes women who are infecund or menopausal but are currently using a contraceptive method. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. The construction of UNMETNEED2 uses a definition of fecundity based on exposure status as reported in EXPOSURE2. UNMETNEED, by contrast, uses a definition of exposure status as reported in EXPOSURE1. See the descriptions of these two variables for discussion of their differences. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Unknown 53 No sex, want to wait/not married and no sex in last 30 days 52 Never had sex 51 Infecund, menopausal 50 Not at risk for pregnancy 41 Desire birth in less than 2 yrs 40 No unmet need 32 Limiting failure 31 Spacing failure 30 Family limitation failure 22 Using to limit 21 Using to space 20 Now using FP 12 Unmet need to limit 11 Unmet need to space 10 Has unmet need for FP General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Desire for more children 602. CHECK 227: NOT PREGNANT OR UNSURE. Now I have some questions about the future. Would you like to have a/another child, or would you prefer not to have any(more) children? PREGNANT. Now I have some questions about the future. After the child you are expecting now, would you like to have another child, or would you prefer not to have any more children? HAVE (A/ANOTHER) CHILD 1 NO MORE/NONE 2 (GO TO 604) SAYS SHE CAN'T GET PREGNANT 3 (GO TO 606) UNDECIDED/DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 604) KIDDESIRE (V605) is a constructed variable that distinguishes between women who want another child soon (in less than two years), who want another child later (in 2+ years), who want no more children, and who aren't sure (about timing or about the number of children desired). When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. The construction of this variable has changed across phases of the DHS and varies across countries (only sometimes distinguishing between groups of women not at risk of pregnancy due to sterilization, infecundity, or virginity). To maximize comparability across samples, IPUMS-DHS employs composite coding. Women who want more children share a common first digit of 1, women not at risk of pregnancy share a common first digit of 6, and detail present in only some samples is specified in the code's second digit. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Unknown 63 Never had sex 62 Declared infecund 61 Sterilized 60 Not at risk of pregnancy 51 Up to God 50 Fatalistic response 40 Wants no more 30 Undecided 13 Wants, unsure timing 12 Wants after 2+ years 11 Wants within 2 years 10 Wants more children General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Wanted last child 405. At the time you became pregnant with (NAME), did you want to become pregnant then, did you want to wait until later, or did you not want to have any (more) children at all? THEN 1 (GO TO 407) LATER 2 NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 407) FPLCHDESIRE (V367) reports whether the woman's last born child was wanted at the time she got pregnant, was wanted but at a later time, or was not wanted at all. The cutoff point for when the woman's last child was born varies across samples; see Comparability. 1 Wanted last child then 2 Wanted last child later 3 Wanted no more children 7 Unsure 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Attitude toward becoming pregnant 605. If you were to become pregnant in the next several weeks, would you be happy, not happy, or indifferent? HAPPY 1 NOT HAPPY 2 INDIFFERENT 3 ATTPREG (V606) reports the woman's attitude towards becoming pregnant. This question is asked of women who are at risk of becoming pregnant, but the definition of "at risk" varies across samples; see Comparability. 6 Other 1 Happy 2 Unhappy 3 Would not matter 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Time wanted current pregnancy 229. At the time you became pregnant, did you want to become pregnant then, did you want to wait until later, or did you not want to have any (more) children at all? THEN 1 LATER 2 NOT AT ALL 3 For women who are currently pregnant, PGDESIRE (V225) reports whether, at the time of becoming pregnant, the woman wanted her pregnancy then, later, or not at all. 1 Then 2 Later 3 Not at all 4 Up to God 7 Don't know/Not sure 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ideal number of children 612. CHECK 216: HAS LIVING CHILDREN. If you could go back to the time you did not have any children and could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be? PROBE FOR A NUMERIC RESPONSE. NO LIVING CHILDREN. If you could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be? PROBE FOR A NUMERIC RESPONSE. NUMBER ____ OTHER (SPECIFY) ________ 96 (GO TO 614) IDEALKID (V613) reports the ideal total number of children the woman would have liked to have in her whole life, regardless of her actual childbearing. The information is collected through hypothetical questions such as, "If you could go back to the time you did not have any children and could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be?" (for women with living children) or "If you could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be?" (for women without living children). If the woman responded with a range of values, IDEALKID reports the midpoint between those values. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, "If the midpoint is not an exact number then the number is rounded up in half the cases and rounded down for the other half." The questionnaires included space for non-numeric "other" responses, such as "Up to God." When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 98 Missing 97 Don't know 66 Number she has currently 65 Depends on husband 64 As many as possible 63 Never thought about it 62 Any number/Fatalistic 61 Up to God/As Allah wills 60 Non-numeric response 50 50 49 49 48 48 47 47 46 46 45 45 44 44 43 43 42 42 41 41 40 40 39 39 38 38 37 37 36 36 35 35 34 34 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 01 1 00 0 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 67 As many as can care for 68 Doesn't want children 99 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ideal number of children (grouped) 612. CHECK 216: HAS LIVING CHILDREN. If you could go back to the time you did not have any children and could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be? PROBE FOR A NUMERIC RESPONSE. NO LIVING CHILDREN. If you could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be? PROBE FOR A NUMERIC RESPONSE. NUMBER ____ OTHER (SPECIFY) ________ 96 (GO TO 614) Like IDEALKID, IDEALKIDGRP (V614) reports the total number of children the woman would hypothetically like to have in her whole life, regardless of her actual childbearing, but top-codes numeric responses at 6+ children and codes non-numeric responses as 7. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 8 Missing 7 Non-numeric response 6 6+ 5 5 4 4 3 3 2 2 1 1 0 [no label] 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ideal number of boy children 613. How many of these children would you like to be boys, how many would you like to be girls and for how many would the sex not matter? BOYS ____ OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 96 GIRLS ____ OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 96 EITHER ____ OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 96 Based on a follow-up question to IDEALKID (V613), which collects information about the ideal number of children the woman would hypothetically want to have in her whole life, IDEALBOYS (V627) reports how many of these children would ideally be boys. Numeric responses to IDEALBOYS (V627), IDEALGIRLS (V628), and IDEALBOTH (V629) should sum to the total number of children in IDEALKID (V613). Non-numeric responses (such as "up to God") are allowed for each of these variables. 98 Missing 97 Don't know 63 Never thought about it 62 Any number/Fatalistic 61 Up to God/As Allah wills 60 Non-numeric response 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 01 1 00 0 64 As many as possible 65 Depends on husband 99 NIU (not in universe) 66 Number she has currently 69 No sex preference General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ideal number of girl children 613. How many of these children would you like to be boys, how many would you like to be girls and for how many would the sex not matter? BOYS ____ OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 96 GIRLS ____ OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 96 EITHER ____ OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 96 Based on a follow-up question to IDEALKID (V613), which collects information about the ideal number of children the woman would hypothetically want to have in her whole life, IDEALGIRLS reports how many of these children would ideally be girls. Numeric responses to IDEALGIRLS (V628), IDEALBOYS (V627), and IDEALBOTH (V629) should sum to the total number of children in IDEALKID (V613). Non-numeric responses (such as "up to God") are allowed for each of these variables. 98 Missing 97 Don't know 63 Never thought about it 62 Any number/Fatalistic 61 God's decision/Allah's will 60 Non-numeric response 40 40 39 39 38 38 37 37 36 36 35 35 34 34 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 01 1 00 0 64 As many as possible 65 Depends on husband 99 NIU (not in universe) 66 Number she has currently 69 No sex preference General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ideal number of children of either sex 613. How many of these children would you like to be boys, how many would you like to be girls and for how many would the sex not matter? BOYS ____ OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 96 GIRLS ____ OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 96 EITHER ____ OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 96 Based on a follow-up question to IDEALKID (V613), which collects information about the ideal number of children the woman would hypothetically want to have in her whole life, IDEALBOTH (V629) reports the ideal number of children of either sex (i.e., with no gender preference). Numeric responses to IDEALGIRLS (V628), IDEALBOYS (V627), and IDEALBOTH (V629) should sum to the total number of children in IDEALKID. Non-numeric responses (such as "up to God") are allowed for each of these variables. 98 Missing 97 Don't know 63 Never thought about it 62 Any number/Fatalistic 61 Up to God/As Allah wills 60 Non-numeric response 40 40 39 39 38 38 37 37 36 36 35 35 34 34 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 01 1 00 0 64 As many as possible 65 Depends on husband 66 Number she has currently 99 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ideal time before future birth 603. CHECK 227: NOT PREGNANT OR UNSURE How long would you like to wait from now before the birth of (a/another) child? PREGNANT After the birth of the child you are expecting now, how long would you like to wait before the birth of another child? MONTHS 1 ____ YEARS 2 ____ SOON/NOW 993 (GO TO 606) SAYS SHE CAN'T GET PREGNANT 994 (GO TO 606) AFTER MARRIAGE 995 (GO TO 606) OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ 996 DOESN'T KNOW 998 IDEALBTHFUT (V616) reports how long the woman would like to wait before the birth of a/another child. 100 Less than 1 month 101 1 month 102 2 months 103 3 months 104 4 months 105 5 months 106 6 months 107 7 months 108 8 months 109 9 months 110 10 months 111 11 months 112 12 months 113 13 months 114 14 months 115 15 months 116 16 months 117 17 months 118 18 months 119 19 months 120 20 months 121 21 months 122 22 months 123 23 months 124 24 months 125 25 months 126 26 months 127 27 months 128 28 months 129 29 months 130 30 months 131 31 months 132 32 months 133 33 months 134 34 months 135 35 months 136 36 months 137 37 months 138 38 months 139 39 months 140 40 months 141 41 months 142 42 months 143 43 months 144 44 months 145 45 months 146 46 months 147 47 months 148 48 months 149 49 months 150 50 months 151 51 months 152 52 months 153 53 months 154 54 months 155 55 months 156 56 months 157 57 months 158 58 months 159 59 months 160 60 months 161 61 months 162 62 months 163 63 months 164 64 months 165 65 months 166 66 months 167 67 months 168 68 months 169 69 months 170 70 months 171 71 months 172 72 months 173 73 months 174 74 months 175 75 months 176 76 months 177 77 months 178 78 months 179 79 months 180 80 months 181 81 months 182 82 months 183 83 months 184 84 months 185 85 months 186 86 months 187 87 months 188 88 months 189 89 months 190 90 months 191 91 months 192 92 months 193 93 months 194 94 months 195 95 months 196 96 months 197 97 months 198 98 months 199 Months, unspecified number 200 Less than 1 year 201 1 year 202 2 years 203 3 years 204 4 years 205 5 years 206 6 years 207 7 years 208 8 years 209 9 years 210 10 years 211 11 years 212 12 years 213 13 years 214 14 years 215 15 years 216 16 years 217 17 years 218 18 years 219 19 years 220 20 years 221 21 years 222 22 years 223 23 years 224 24 years 225 25 years 226 26 years 227 27 years 228 28 years 229 29 years 230 30 years 231 31 years 232 32 years 233 33 years 234 34 years 235 35+ years 299 Years, number missing 989 Up to God 990 After finishing school 991 After marriage 992 When husband returns 993 After breastfeeding 994 At any time 995 Soon/now 996 Other 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Preferred waiting time for birth of a(nother) child 603. CHECK 227: NOT PREGNANT OR UNSURE How long would you like to wait from now before the birth of (a/another) child? PREGNANT After the birth of the child you are expecting now, how long would you like to wait before the birth of another child? MONTHS 1 ____ YEARS 2 ____ SOON/NOW 993 (GO TO 606) SAYS SHE CAN'T GET PREGNANT 994 (GO TO 606) AFTER MARRIAGE 995 (GO TO 606) OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ 996 DOESN'T KNOW 998 For women who want to have a/another child, PREFTIMECH (V603) reports the amount of time, in months or years, they would like to wait before the birth of a/another child (top-coded at 20 years). The complementary variable PREFTIMECH (V604) reports responses to the same question, but in terms of years only, top-coded at 6+ years. PREFTIMECH includes women who are either pregnant or at risk of pregnancy. However, the definition of "at risk of pregnancy" varies across samples, and the way this variable was asked and calculated also changed over time; see Comparability. 100 Less than one month (want now) 101 1 month 102 2 months 103 3 months 104 4 months 105 5 months 106 6 months 107 7 months 108 8 months 109 9 months 110 10 months 111 11 months 112 12 months 113 13 months 114 14 months 115 15 months 116 16 months 117 17 months 118 18 months 119 19 months 120 20 months 121 21 months 122 22 months 123 23 months 124 24 months 125 25 months 126 26 months 127 27 months 128 28 months 129 29 months 130 30 months 131 31 months 132 32 months 133 33 months 134 34 months 135 35 months 136 36 months 137 37 months 138 38 months 139 39 months 140 40 months 141 41 months 142 42 months 143 43 months 144 44 months 145 45 months 146 46 months 147 47 months 148 48 months 149 49 months 150 50 months 151 51 months 152 52 months 153 53 months 154 54 months 155 55 months 156 56 months 157 57 months 158 58 months 159 59 months 160 60 months 161 61 months 162 62 months 163 63 months 164 64 months 165 65 months 166 66 months 167 67 months 168 68 months 169 69 months 170 70 months 171 71 months 172 72 months 173 73 months 174 74 months 175 75 months 176 76 months 177 77 months 178 78 months 179 79 months 180 80 months 181 81 months 182 82 months 183 83 months 184 84 months 185 85 months 186 86 months 187 87 months 188 88 months 189 89 months 190 90 months 191 91 months 192 92 months 193 93 months 194 94 months 195 95 months 196 96 months 197 97 months 198 98 months 199 Months, number unspecified 200 Less than one year 201 1 year 202 2 years 203 3 years 204 4 years 205 5 years 206 6 years 207 7 years 208 8 years 209 9 years 210 10 years 211 11 years 212 12 years 213 13 years 214 14 years 215 15 years 216 16 years 217 17 years 218 18 years 219 19 years 220 20 years or more 299 Years, number unspecified 987 After weaning 989 After finishing school 990 When spouse returns 991 Up to God 992 After marriage 993 Any time 994 Soon or immediately 995 Other, non-numeric response 996 Inconsistent response 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Preferred waiting time for birth of a(nother) child (grouped) 603. CHECK 227: NOT PREGNANT OR UNSURE How long would you like to wait from now before the birth of (a/another) child? PREGNANT After the birth of the child you are expecting now, how long would you like to wait before the birth of another child? MONTHS 1 ____ YEARS 2 ____ SOON/NOW 993 (GO TO 606) SAYS SHE CAN'T GET PREGNANT 994 (GO TO 606) AFTER MARRIAGE 995 (GO TO 606) OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ 996 DOESN'T KNOW 998 For women who want to have a/another child, PREFTIMECHGP (V604) reports the amount of time, in years, they would like to wait before the birth of a/another child, top-coded at 6+ years. PREFTIMECHGP includes women who are either pregnant or at risk of pregnancy. However, the definition of "at risk of pregnancy" varies across samples; see Comparability. The related variable PREFTIMECH presents the same information in greater detail, in terms of months or years, top-coded at 20 years. 00 Less than 12 months 01 1 year 02 2 years 03 3 years 04 4 years 05 5 years 06 6 or more years 96 Non-numeric response 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Husband's desire for children 623. Do you think that your husband/partner wants the same number of children that you want, or does he want more or fewer than you want? SAME NUMBER 1 MORE CHILDREN 2 FEWER CHILDREN 3 DOESN'T KNOW 8 HUSFERTPREF (V621) reports whether the woman believes her partner wants the same number of children, more children, or fewer children than she wants. 01 Both want same 02 Husband wants more 03 Husband wants fewer 07 Don't Know 08 Missing 09 NIU (not in universe) 04 Both provided non-numeric response General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Respondent approves of couples using FP 614. In general, do you approve or disapprove of couples that use a method to avoid becoming pregnant? APPROVE 1 DISAPPROVE 2 NO OPINION 3 FPAPPROVE (V612) indicates whether the woman approves, in general, of the use of family planning to avoid a pregnancy. 0 Disapproves 1 Approves 3 Depends 7 Don't know/Undecided 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Husband approves FP use Spouses don't always agree on everything. Now I would like to ask you some questions about your husband's/partner's opinions on family planning. 621. Do you think that your husband/partner approves or disapproves of couples that use a method to avoid a pregnancy? APPROVES 1 DISAPPROVES 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 HUSPROFP (V610) indicates whether the woman believes her husband or male partner approves of couples using a family planning method to avoid pregnancy. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 10 Disapproves 20 Approves or indifferent 21 Approves 22 Indifferent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Fecund, pregnant, amenorrheic, or infecund EXPOSURE1 (V623) is a constructed variable that draws upon responses to several questions to differentiate between pregnant women, postpartum amenorrheic women, menopausal or infecund women, and fecund women. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, these categories are actualized as follows: Pregnant women Postpartum amenorrheic women are those whose period has not returned since the last birth in the three/five years preceding the survey. Women are defined as being menopausal if they are not pregnant and not postpartum amenorrheic, are not currently using a contraceptive method, and have not had a period in the six months preceding the survey or report they are in menopause. Women are defined as being infecund if they are not menopausal and not postpartum amenorrheic and not pregnant, have had no birth in the five years preceding the survey, and either (Model "A" countries) have been continuously married and have not used contraception in the five years preceding the survey, or (Model "B" countries) have been married one time and first married five or more years before the survey and have never used contraception. Fecund women are all women not included in the preceding categories. 3 Infecund, menopausal 2 Amenorrheic 1 Pregnant 0 Fecund 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Fecund, pregnant, amenorrheic, or infecund (2nd def) Like EXPOSURE1, EXPOSURE2 (V625) is a constructed variable that draws upon responses to several questions to distinguish between pregnant women, postpartum amenorrheic women, menopausal or infecund women, and fecund women. EXPOSURE2 uses a more liberal definition of infecundity than EXPOSURE1, however. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. The DHS Recode Manuals explain the differences between these two variables as follows: For Model "B" countries, it is only possible to say that a woman had been continuously married throughout the preceding five years if she was in her first union. This definition has been relaxed in V625 [EXPOSURE2], such that the respondent need only have been married at least five years ago, and not continuously married throughout the last five years. For Model "A" countries, there is no change to this part of the definition. [For EXPOSURE2] Two additional variables have been used to declare a woman infecund. If the respondent said that she cannot get pregnant when asked about preferences for additional children, or if she reported that she was menopausal or had a hysterectomy when giving the reason she was not currently using a contraceptive method, the respondent is coded as infecund. Model A countries and Model B countries are defined according to whether the country based its questionnaire on the Model A or Model B standard DHS questionnaire for DHS phases one through four. In general, the Model A questionnaire was designed for use in countries with high contraceptive prevalence. Nonetheless, countries with relatively low contraceptive prevalence sometimes modeled their own questionnaire on the Model A standard questionnaire. This was the case, for example, for the Kenyan samples for 1998 and 2003 and the Malawi samples for 2000 and 2004. 0 Fecund 1 Pregnant 2 Amenorrheic 3 Infecund, menopausal 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know any type of FP method SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPKNOTYP (V301) is a summary (recoded) variable indicating whether the woman knew any family planning method and, if so, whether she knew a modern method or only a traditional or folkloric method. In the DHS, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet) that vary across samples. 00 Knows no method 10 Knows only traditional or folkloric method 11 Knows only folkloric method 12 Knows only traditional method 20 Knows modern method 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about Pill for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPKNOPILL (V304_01) indicates whether the woman knew about the Pill as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about IUD for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPKNOIUD (V304_02) indicates whether the woman knew about the IUD (intra-uterine device) as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. In probe questions, an IUD was often described as "a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse." 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about injectable FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPKNOINJ (V304_03) indicates whether the woman knew about injectables as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. For the probe question, injectables were typically defined as "an injection by a doctor or nurse, which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months." 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about diaphragm for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPKNODIA (V304_04) indicates whether the woman knew about the diaphragm or spermicides, such as a foam or jelly, as a method for family planning. Some phases combine diaphragm and spermicides in the response and some are separate; see Comparability. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about condom for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPKNOCON (V304_05) indicates whether the woman knew about male condoms as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about female sterilization for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPKNOFST (V304_06) indicates whether the woman knew about female sterilization as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about male sterilization for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPKNOMST (V304_07) indicates whether the woman knew about male sterilization as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about implants or Norplant for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPKNOIMP (V304_11) indicates whether the woman knew about implants (such as Norplant) as a method for family planning. Implants were generally described as "small rods placed in their arm by a doctor, which stops them from becoming pregnant for several years." Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about withdrawal for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPKNOWD (V304_09) indicates whether the woman knew about withdrawal as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about rhythm for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPKNORHY (V304_08) indicates whether the woman knew about the rhythm method (periodic abstinence at the high-fertility part of the woman's menstrual cycle) as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 10 Yes 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 00 No 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Knows about medicinal plants or herbs as a method of family planning SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPKNOPLT indicates whether the woman knew about using medicinal plants or herbs as a method for family planning. The complementary variable FPEVUSPLT indicates whether the woman had ever used this method to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Knows about other contraceptive as a method of family planning SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPKNOOM (V304_10) indicates whether the woman knew about any "other" method(s) as a method of family planning. The complementary variable FPEVUSOM indicates whether the woman had ever used any "other" method(s) to delay or avoid a pregnancy. The meaning of "other" in this case depends on the specific response categories included in a given sample. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Thinks breastfeeding related to chance of becoming pregnant 337. Do you think that breastfeeding can influence a women's ability to become pregnant? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 401) DOESN'T KNOW 8 FPBFLINKPG (V396) indicates whether the woman believed breastfeeding could affect the chance of becoming pregnant. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 7 Don't know Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Thinks breastfeeding affects risk of pregnancy how 338. Do you think that breastfeeding increases or decreases a woman's chance of becoming pregnant? INCREASES 1 (GO TO 401) DECREASES 2 IT DEPENDS 3 DOESN'T KNOW 8 FPBFRELPGHOW (V397) reports how the woman thought breastfeeding affects the risk of pregnancy (increases risk, decreases risk, unchanged risk, or depends). Women who answered "No" to a preceding question about whether breastfeeding affects the risk of pregnancy (FPBFLINKPG) (V396) are coded "0" (unchanged risk) for FPBFRELPGHOW. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 0 Unchanged risk 1 Increased risk 2 Decreased risk 3 Depends 7 Don't know 8 Missing Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Known source for FP 333. Where is it? IF IT IS A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OR A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC, WRITE THE NAME OF THE ESTABLISHMENT. PROBE TO DETERMINE THE PROPER TYPE OF SECTOR AND CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE. NAME OF PLACE __________ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C MEDICAL POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) ______ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G PF/FISA CENTER H OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ Z FPKNOANYSRC (V379) reports the source where the respondent knows contraceptives can be obtained. This variable is constructed from a series of questions. Because the questions used to construct this variable changed slightly across phases, IPUMS-DHS users are encouraged to review the Comparability tab. The related variable FPKNOANYSRCS (V380) reports known sources for contraceptives, in standardized categories. 0000 No one/did not consult source 1000 PUBLIC SECTOR 1100 Government hospital 1110 Referral/specialty hospital 1120 National/central hospital 1130 Regional/provincial hospital 1140 Urban hospital 1150 District/rural hospital 1151 District hospital 1152 Rural hospital 1160 University/teaching hospital 1161 University hospital 1162 Teaching hospital 1200 Government health center 1210 Referral health center 1220 Community health center 1230 Urban health center 1240 Rural health center 1250 Integrated health center 1260 Family welfare center 1270 Primary health center 1300 Government pharmacy/dispensary 1310 Government pharmacy 1320 Government dispensary 1400 Government maternity home 1410 Mother and child health (MCH) center 1420 Rural maternity clinic 1500 Government family planning clinic 1510 Stand-alone family planning clinic 1520 Mobile family planning clinic 1600 Government outreach 1610 Government health post 1611 Village health post 1620 Government mobile clinic 1630 Government health worker 1631 Fieldworker 1632 Community-based distribution agent (CBDA) 1633 Community/village health worker 1634 Health surveillance assistant (HSA) 1635 Paramedic 1636 Doctor 1637 Nurse 1900 Other public sector 1901 Camp 1902 Health box 1903 Health station/clinic 1904 Health office 1905 Community clinic 1906 Health insurance organization 1907 Curative care organization 1908 Parastatal health facility 1909 Female Community Health Volunteer Program (FCHV) of Nepal 2000 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR 2100 Private hospital/clinic 2110 Private hospital 2111 Referral/specialty hospital 2120 Private clinic 2200 Private doctor 2210 Qualified doctor 2220 Traditional doctor 2230 Doctor/birth attendant 2300 Private pharmacy/dispensary 2310 Private pharmacy 2320 Private dispensary 2400 Private family planning clinic 2500 Private outreach 2510 Private mobile clinic 2520 Private health worker 2521 Fieldworker 2522 Community-based distribution agent (CBDA) 2523 Nurse 2524 Paramedic 2526 Community/village health worker 2527 Midwife 2600 Private health center 2610 VCT center 2700 Private maternity home 2900 Other private medical sector 2901 Care room 2902 Tent 3000 NGO FACILITY 3100 NGO health facility 3110 Static clinic 3120 Satellite clinic 3130 Community-based outlet 3140 UN Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA) 3150 International Rescue Committee (IRC) 3200 NGO health worker 3210 Depot holder 3220 Fieldworker 3300 Country-specific NGOs 3301 AMO Congo 3302 Egypt family planning association (EFPA) 3303 CSI project 3304 Family Guidance Association of Ethiopia (FGAE) 3305 BLM 3306 MACRO 3307 Marie Stopes 3308 Red Cross Society 3309 AFGA 3310 Family Planning Association of Nepal (FPAN) 3311 Institute for Family Health (IFH) 3900 Other NGO facility 4000 RELIGIOUS/MISSION 4100 Religious hospital/clinic 4110 Religious hospital 4111 Religious referral/specialty hospital 4112 Religious district hospital 4120 Religious clinic 4200 Religious health center/dispensary 4210 Religious health center 4211 Mosque health center 4212 Church health center 4220 Religious dispensary 4300 Religious mobile clinic 4400 Religious door-to-door 4900 Other religious 5000 OTHER 5100 Shop/market 5110 Shop 5111 General dealer 5112 Supermarket/tuck shop 5113 Service station 5120 Market 5130 Kiosk 5140 Gas station 5190 Other retail 5200 Relative/friend 5210 Partner 5300 Church/mosque/temple 5400 Bar/nightclub/hotel 5410 Bar/nightclub 5420 Hotel 5500 Other institutions 5510 Youth center 5520 Workplace 5521 Respondent's workplace 5522 Partner's workplace 5530 School 5600 Traditional practitioner 5610 Traditional birth attendant (TBA) 5620 Vaidya/hakim/homeopath 5700 Informal channels 5710 Drug vendor 9992 Not asked 9993 Non-user: Knows source 9994 Multiple responses given 9995 Other 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Known source for FP, standardized 333. Where is it? IF IT IS A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OR A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC, WRITE THE NAME OF THE ESTABLISHMENT. PROBE TO DETERMINE THE PROPER TYPE OF SECTOR AND CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE. NAME OF PLACE __________ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C MEDICAL POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) ______ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G PF/FISA CENTER H OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ Z FPKNOANYSRCS (V380) reports the source from which the woman knows contraceptives can be obtained. This variable is constructed from a series of questions, and answers were recorded using standard responses and codes that are consistent across countries and phases. Because the questions used to construct this variable changed slightly across phases, IPUMS-DHS users are encouraged to review the Comparability tab. 01 Government clinic/pharmacy 02 Government home/community delivery 03 NGO 04 Private clinic/delivery 05 Private pharmacy 06 Church, shop, friends 07 Other 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Current FP use by method type (folk, traditional, modern) 314. Which method are you currently using? PILL 01 IUD 02 (GO TO 326) INJECTABLES 03 (GO TO 326) IMPLANTS 04 (GO TO 326) DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY 05 (GO TO 326) CONDOM 06 (GO TO 326) FEMALE STERILIZATION 07 (GO TO 318) MALE STERILIZATION 08 (GO TO 318) RHYTHM METHOD 09 (GO TO 323) WITHDRAWAL 10 (GO TO 326) OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ 96 (GO TO 326) FPTYPNOW (V313) indicates whether the woman is currently using a modern, traditional, or folkloric method of contraception. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. In the DHS, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. 00 No method 10 Folkloric or traditional method 11 Folkloric method 12 Traditional method 20 Modern method 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Pattern of use of contraceptive method 313. Are you currently doing something or using any method to delay or avoid getting pregnant? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 331) FPUSPATRN (V361) reports the woman's pattern of contraceptive use by indicating whether she is currently using, has used in the past, or has never used contraception. 10 Currently using 20 Ever used, but not currently using 21 Used since last birth 22 Used before last birth 30 Never used 99 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Current method of FP 314. Which method are you currently using? PILL 01 IUD 02 (GO TO 326) INJECTABLES 03 (GO TO 326) IMPLANTS 04 (GO TO 326) DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY 05 (GO TO 326) CONDOM 06 (GO TO 326) FEMALE STERILIZATION 07 (GO TO 318) MALE STERILIZATION 08 (GO TO 318) RHYTHM METHOD 09 (GO TO 323) WITHDRAWAL 10 (GO TO 326) OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ 96 (GO TO 326) FPMETHNOW (V312) reports the contraceptive method the woman is currently using. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. Answers are grouped under the broad categories of "modern methods," "traditional methods," and "other methods," each with a different first digit. Specific methods are distinguished by the second and third digits. See FPEVUSE for more information on broad categories of contraception. Closely related responses, such as various groupings of diaphragm/foam/jelly, share the first 2 digits in common, while the third digit distinguishes the exact response category. 000 Not using 100 MODERN METHODS 101 Pill 102 IUD 103 Norplant/Implants 104 Condom 105 Female Condom 106 Female Sterilization 107 Male Sterilization 110 Injections 111 Injection (3 monthly) 112 Injection (monthly) 120 Diaphragm/Foam/Jelly 121 Diaphragm 122 Diaphragm/Foam 123 Diaphragm/Jelly 124 Foam or Jelly 125 Foaming tablets 126 Vaginal methods 130 Lactational amenorrhea (LAM) 131 Prolonged breastfeeding 140 Emergency contraception 150 Other modern method 151 Contraceptive patch 200 TRADITIONAL METHODS 210 Abstinence or periodic abstinence 211 Periodic abstinence 212 Cycle Beads/Standard days method 213 Abstinence 214 Mucus method 215 Natural family planning, unspecified 220 Withdrawal 230 Other traditional/folkloric 231 Herbs/Plants 232 Gris-Gris/Amulet 233 Astrology 234 Strings 300 OTHER METHOD, UNSPECIFIED 301 Other specific method 1 302 Other specific method 2 303 Other specific method 3 304 Other specific method 4 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS FP method currently used: Breastfeeding 342. Are you currently relying on breastfeeding in order to avoid getting pregnant? YES 1 NO 2 For women who are currently doing something to delay or avoid getting pregnant, FPNOWUSBF (V399) indicates whether the woman is now using breastfeeding. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Method of periodic abstinence 314. Which method are you currently using? PILL 01 IUD 02 (GO TO 326) INJECTABLES 03 (GO TO 326) IMPLANTS 04 (GO TO 326) DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY 05 (GO TO 326) CONDOM 06 (GO TO 326) FEMALE STERILIZATION 07 (GO TO 318) MALE STERILIZATION 08 (GO TO 318) RHYTHM METHOD 09 (GO TO 323) WITHDRAWAL 10 (GO TO 326) OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ 96 (GO TO 326) FPRHYMETH (V314) reports how the woman determined which days to abstain from sexual intercourse to practice periodic abstinence (rhythm) as a means of delaying or avoiding pregnancy. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 1 Calendar 2 Body temperature 3 Cervical mucus 4 Body temp and mucus 5 No specific system 6 Other 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Months of use of current family planning method 326. For how many months have you been continuously using (METHOD)? IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH, NOTE '00'. MONTHS ____ 8 YEARS OR MORE 96 For women who are currently using a contraceptive method, FPCURNOMO (V337) reports the number of months they have been continuously using their current method. Starting in Phase II, there are differences in the way these data are reported between Model "A" and Model "B" countries, due to the inclusion of a detailed calendar of events in the five years preceding the interview in Model "A" questionnaires. For Model "B" questionnaires, any response greater than 8 years is topcoded at "96." However, for Model "A" questionnaires, the maximum duration of use that could be recorded is the entire length of the calendar (i.e., 5 years). 000 0 months 001 1 month 002 2 months 003 3 months 004 4 months 005 5 months 006 6 months 007 7 months 008 8 months 009 9 months 010 10 months 011 11 months 012 12 months 013 13 months 014 14 months 015 15 months 016 16 months 017 17 months 018 18 months 019 19 months 020 20 months 021 21 months 022 22 months 023 23 months 024 24 months 025 25 months 026 26 months 027 27 months 028 28 months 029 29 months 030 30 months 031 31 months 032 32 months 033 33 months 034 34 months 035 35 months 036 36 months 037 37 months 038 38 months 039 39 months 040 40 months 041 41 months 042 42 months 043 43 months 044 44 months 045 45 months 046 46 months 047 47 months 048 48 months 049 49 months 050 50 months 051 51 months 052 52 months 053 53 months 054 54 months 055 55 months 056 56 months 057 57 months 058 58 months 059 59 months 060 60 months 061 61 months 062 62 months 063 63 months 064 64 months 065 65 months 066 66 months 067 67 months 068 68 months 069 69 months 070 70 months 071 71 months 072 72 months 073 73 months 074 74 months 075 75 months 076 76 months 077 77 months 078 78 months 079 79 months 080 80 months 081 81 months 082 82 months 083 83 months 084 84 months 085 85 months 086 86 months 087 87 months 088 88 months 089 89 months 090 90 months 091 91 months 092 92 months 093 93 months 094 94 months 095 95 months 096 96 or more months 995 All calendar years 996 Inconsistent response 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Last source for FP for current users, detailed 328. Where did you last obtain (METHOD)? IF IT IS A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OR A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC, WRITE THE NAME OF THE ESTABLISHMENT. PROBE TO DETERMINE THE PROPER TYPE OF SECTOR AND CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE. NAME OF PLACE ___________ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL 11 HEALTH CENTER 12 DISPENSARY 13 MEDICAL POST 14 OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) ______ 16 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC 21 PHARMACY 22 DOCTOR 23 PF/FISA CENTER 24 OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ 26 OTHER SOURCE STORE 31 RELIGIOUS CENTER 32 RELATIVES 33 FRIENDS 34 OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 36 For women who are currently using a modern method of contraception, FPLASTSRCD (V326) reports the type of facility that was the source of the last contraceptive method used by the woman. Response categories vary across samples. See Comparability. 6903 Community center 3306 Institute for Family Health (IFH) 3180 International Rescue Committee (IRC) 0000 NO ONE 1000 PUBLIC SECTOR 1100 Government hospital 1110 National hospital 1111 Referral/specialty hospital 1112 National/central hospital 1113 Military hospital 1114 Day hospital 1120 Provincial/regional hospital 1130 Urban hospital 1140 District/rural hospital 1141 District hospital 1142 Rural hospital 1150 Category I hospital 1160 Category II hospital 1170 University/teaching hospital 1171 University hospital 1172 Teaching hospital 1200 Government health center 1210 Referral health center 1220 Community health center 1230 Urban health center 1240 Rural health center 1250 Basic health center 1260 Integrated health center 1270 Primary health center 1280 Family welfare center 1300 Government family planning clinic 1310 Stand-alone family planning clinic 1320 Mobile family planning clinic 1330 Family planning clinic CBD 1400 Government outreach 1410 Government health post 1411 Village health post 1412 Sub-center 1413 Sub-health post 1420 Government mobile clinic 1421 Mobile PHC clinic 1430 Government health professional 1431 Doctor 1432 Nurse 1433 Paramedic 1440 Government health worker 1434 Community-based distributor (CBD) 1435 Health surveillance assistant (HSA) 1436 Male mobilizer 1437 Accredited social health activist (ASHA) 1438 Vaidya/hakim/homeopath 1450 Government outreach clinic 1451 Primary health care outreach clinic 1452 Satellite clinic/EPI outreach 1453 Community clinic 1454 Rural/municipal clinic 1460 Camp 1470 Household visit 1500 Government maternity home 1510 Maternal and child health (MCH) center 1520 Rural maternity 1530 Anganwadi/ICDS center 1600 Government pharmacy/dispensary 1610 Government pharmacy 1611 Community pharmacy 1620 Government dispensary 1900 Other public 1901 Clinic 1902 Curative care organization 1903 Health home 1904 Health office 1905 Health insurance organization 1906 Parastatal health facility 1907 Youth center 2000 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR 2100 Private hospital/clinic 2110 Private hospital 2111 Private specialty hospital 2112 Private district hospital 2113 Private university hospital 2120 Private clinic 2121 Private polyclinic 2122 Private clinic 2200 Private pharmacy/dispensary/drug store 2210 Private pharmacy 2220 Private dispensary 2230 Private chemist/drug store 2231 Private chemist 2232 Private drug store 2240 Private mobile drug vendor 2300 Private doctor's office 2310 Qualified doctor 2320 Traditional/unqualified doctor 2330 Private practice 2331 Private care room 2332 Private infirmiry 2400 Private outreach 2410 Private mobile clinic 2420 Private health worker 2421 Private field worker 2422 Private community/village health worker 2423 Private community-based distributor 2424 Private paramedic 2425 Private hakim/homeopath 2426 Private traditional healer 2427 Private traditional birth attendant (TBA) 2428 Private nurse 2500 Private health center 2600 Private family planning clinic 2610 Injectables outlet 2700 Private maternity home 2900 Other private medical 2901 Tent 2902 VCT center 3000 NGO SECTOR 3100 NGO health facility 3110 Static clinic 3120 Satellite clinic 3130 Marie Stopes facility 3131 Banja la Mtsogolo (BLM) 3140 Red Cross facility 3150 UN Relief and Works Agency facility 3160 Adventist Development and Relief Agency (ADRA) 3170 Population Services International (PSI) 3200 NGO health worker 3210 Depot holder 3220 Field worker 3230 Community-based distributor 3300 Country-specific NGO 3301 Amo-Congo 3302 Clinical Services Improvement (CSI) 3303 Malawi AIDS Counselling and Resource Organization (MACRO) 3304 Myanmar Medical Association (MMA) 3305 United Mission to Nepal (UMN) 3900 Other NGO 4000 RELIGIOUS/MISSION 4100 Religious hospital/clinic 4110 Religious hospital 4111 Religious referral/specialty hospital 4112 Religious district hospital 4120 Religious clinic 4200 Religious health center/dispensary 4210 Religious health center 4211 Mosque health center 4212 Church health center 4220 Religious dispensary 4300 Religious outreach 4310 Religious health post 4320 Religious mobile clinic 4330 Religious health worker 4331 Religious field worker 4900 Other religious 5000 UNSPECIFIED MEDICAL SECTOR 5100 Pharmacy/dispensary 5110 Pharmacy 5120 Dispensary 5200 Outreach 5210 Mobile clinic 5220 Health worker 5221 Field worker 5222 Traditional healer 5223 Health educator 5224 Peer educators 5230 Outreach clinic 5900 Other unspecified medical sector 5901 Media campaign 6000 OTHER 6100 Shop/market 6110 Shop 6111 General dealer 6112 Supermarket/tuck shop 6113 Supermarket 6114 Tuck shop 6120 Market 6130 Kiosk 6140 Gas station 6150 Other retail 6200 Church/mosque 6300 Friend/relative 6310 Friend 6320 Relative 6321 Partner 6400 Bar/nightclub/hotel 6410 Bar/nightclub 6411 Bar 6420 Hotel 6500 Workplace 6510 Respondent's workplace 6520 Partner's workplace 6600 Informal channels 6610 Drug vendor 6620 Support group 6630 Women's sittings 6700 Location for adolescents 6710 Youth center 6720 School 6900 Other facility 6901 Refugee camp 6902 Charity/foundation 9994 Abroad 9995 Other 9996 Inconsistent 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Last source for FP for current users, standardized 328. Where did you last obtain (METHOD)? IF IT IS A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OR A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC, WRITE THE NAME OF THE ESTABLISHMENT. PROBE TO DETERMINE THE PROPER TYPE OF SECTOR AND CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE. NAME OF PLACE ___________ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL 11 HEALTH CENTER 12 DISPENSARY 13 MEDICAL POST 14 OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) ______ 16 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC 21 PHARMACY 22 DOCTOR 23 PF/FISA CENTER 24 OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ 26 OTHER SOURCE STORE 31 RELIGIOUS CENTER 32 RELATIVES 33 FRIENDS 34 OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 36 For women using a modern method of contraception, FPLASTSRCS (V327) reports the type of facility that was the source of the last contraceptive method used by the woman. This variable was constructed by recoding country-specific responses into a few standard categories that are consistent across samples. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Missing 97 Don't know 07 Other 06 Church, Shop, friends, books 05 Private Pharmacy 04 Private Clin/Deliv 03 NGO 02 Govt Home/Comm delivery 01 Govt Clinic/Pharm Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Cost of Pills 317. How much does one box (cycle) of pills cost you? RECORD IN 1000 MADAGASCAR FRANCS. COST ______ (GO TO 326) FREE 996 (GO TO 326) DOESN'T KNOW 998 (GO TO 326) For women who are currently using the Pill, FPPILLCOST (V325) reports the cost of a cycle of pills. 000000 Free 999997 Don't know 999998 Missing 999999 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Main reason use current source for FP 330. People choose where they go for family planning services for different reasons. What is the main reason why you went to (NAME OF PLACE IN 328 OR 318) rather than the other place you know of? RECORD THE RESPONSE AND CIRCLE THE CODE. ACCESSIBILITY CLOSE TO HOME 11 (GO TO 333A) CLOSE TO MARKET/WORK 12 (GO TO 333A) TRANSPORTATION AVAILABLE 13 (GO TO 333A) SERVICE-RELATED REASONS STAFF MORE COMPETENT/LIKEABLE 21 (GO TO 333A) CLEANER 22 (GO TO 333A) MORE PRIVACY 23 (GO TO 333A) SHORTER WAIT 24 (GO TO 333A) OPEN LONGER HOURS 25 (GO TO 333A) USES OTHER SERVICES IN THE SAME ESTABLISHMENT 26 (GO TO 333A) COSTS LESS 31 (GO TO 333A) WANTS ANONYMITY 41 (GO TO 333A) OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ 96 (GO TO 333A) DOESN'T KNOW 98 (GO TO 333A) FPUSSRCWHY (V328) reports the main reason why the woman chose to go to the place where she procured family planning, rather than to some other facility. Responses are grouped into the broad categories of "knows no other source," "access-related," "service-related," and "cost-related," each with a distinctive first digit. The second digit provides further detail on the exact rationale for the choice (e.g., "cleaner facility" as a subcategory under "service-related"). When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Missing 97 Don't know 50 Wanted anonymity 40 COST RELATED 31 Desired method always available 30 OTHER SERVICE-RELATED REASON 28 Has female doctor 27 Staff more polite 26 Use other services 25 Long hours of operation 24 Shorter waiting time 23 Offers more privacy 22 Cleaner facility 21 Staff competent, friendly 20 SERVICE-RELATED 14 Other access-related 13 Transport 12 Closer to market or work 11 Closer to home 10 ACCESS-RELATED 00 Knows no other source 41 Lower cost, cheaper 60 Other 15 Worker supplied home 16 Method not available Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Brand of Pills currently used 315. May I see the package of pills you are currently using? NOTE THE NAME OF THE BRAND IF THE PACKAGE IS SHOWN. PACKAGE SEEN 1 BRAND ________ (GO TO 317) PACKAGE NOT SEEN 2 For women who are currently using the Pill, FPPILLBRAND (V323) reports the brand name of the Pill that the respondent currently uses. 4203 Emkit 3112 Triella 2215 TriNovum 2114 Stediril 1241 Rigevidon 1240 Brevinor 1239 Lusiaf 1129 Yasmin 1128 Triquilar 1127 Trinordial 2113 " 1242 NewFem 1000 LOW-DOSE PILLS 1100 International brands 1101 Adepal 1102 Choice 1103 Cilest 1104 Combination-3 1105 Confidence 1106 Diane 1107 Duofem 1108 Eugynon 1109 Famila 28 1110 Femicon 1111 Gracial 1112 Lo-femenal 1113 Logynon 1114 Marvelon 1115 Microgynon 1116 Minidril 1117 Miniphase 1118 Nordette 1119 Norminest 1120 Norquest 1121 Novodol 1122 Oralcon F 1123 Ortho-Novum 1124 Pilplan 1125 Planif 1126 Planyl 1200 Country-specific brands 1201 Nogestol 1202 Desolon 1203 Femipill 1204 Maya 1205 Noret-28 1206 Ovacon 1207 Shuki 1208 Harmonie (PSI) 1209 Varnoline 1210 Microcept 1211 Microvlar 1212 Triocept 1213 Trivolar 1214 Style/Trigestrel 1215 Secure 1216 Microlite 1217 Apsara 1218 Ecroz 1219 Mala-D 1220 Mala-N 1221 Novelon 1222 Ovral L 1223 Pearl 1224 Anteovin 1225 Belara 1226 Gracial 1227 Loestrin 1228 Mawelon 1229 Norimin 1230 Femiplan 1231 Conova 30 1232 Trigynon 1233 OK pills 1234 Sure 1235 Feminyl 1236 Nilocon White 1237 Sunaulo Gulaf 1900 Unspecified low-dose pills 2000 HIGH-DOSE PILLS 2100 International brands 2101 Anovlar 2102 Gynovlar 2103 Lyndiol 2104 Microgynon 30 ED 2105 Milli Anovlar 2106 Neogynon 2107 Neogynon ED 2108 Nordiol 2109 Norquentiel 2110 Ovidon 2111 Ovral 2112 Ovulen 50 2200 Country-specific brands 2201 Combination-5 2202 Lynes 2203 Ovostat 2204 Regumen 2205 Novell-duo 2206 Gynera 2207 Primovlar 2208 Duoluton-L 2209 Ovral G 2210 Progyluton 2211 Gynovlane 2212 Ovanon 2213 Ovidon 2214 Triphasit 2900 Unspecified high-dose pill 3000 PROGESTIN-ONLY PILLS 3100 International brands 3101 Exluton/Lynestrenol 3102 Femulen 3103 Microlut 3104 Micronor 3105 Micronovum 3106 Microval 3107 " 3108 Minovlar 3109 Noriday 3110 Ovrette 3111 Safe Plan 3200 Country-specific brands 3201 Bredicon 3202 Minicon 3203 Levonor 3204 Hyan 3205 I-plan 3206 Primolut N 3207 Cerazette 3208 Planor 3209 Softsure 4000 EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTION 4100 International brands 4200 Country-specific brands 4201 Gravistal 4202 Postinor 4900 Unspecified emergency contraception 5000 NON-HORMONAL PILLS 5100 International brands 5200 Country-specific brands 5201 Centron 5202 Saheli 6000 UNSPECIFIED/UNKNOWN PILLS 6100 International brands 6101 Today (sponge) 6200 Country-specific brands 6201 Khoshi 6202 Aco 6203 Cotrablan 6204 Microvior 30 6205 Stero 6206 Blue 6207 Hot 6208 Kamal (foam) 6209 N/M tablets 6210 Nofian 6211 Period oil 6212 Sacharin 6213 Skill 6214 Moti 6215 Subitha 6216 Fingers 6217 Sutura 6218 Menstrogen (injection) 6219 Norvolain 6220 Flexi P 6221 Marutton 6900 Other unspecified/unknown pills 6901 Unspecified private brand 6902 Unspecified public brand 6903 Unspecified social marketing brand 9995 Other 9996 Not able to show 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Shown pill package 315. May I see the package of pills you are currently using? NOTE THE NAME OF THE BRAND IF THE PACKAGE IS SHOWN. PACKAGE SEEN 1 BRAND ________ (GO TO 317) PACKAGE NOT SEEN 2 For women who are currently using the Pill as a method of family planning, FPPILLPACK (V372) indicates whether the package of pills currently being used was seen by the interviewer. 0 Package not seen 1 Package seen 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Number living children at first use of FP (grouped) Now I would like to ask you about the first time that you did something or used a method to avoid getting pregnant. 309. How many living children did you have at that time? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. NUMBER OF CHILDREN ____ FP1STUSGPKID (V311) reports the number of living children, if any, the woman had when she first used a contraceptive method, with the number top-coded at 4+ children. FP1STUSLVKID reports responses to the same question, without top-coding the answers. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4+ 7 Inconsistent number reported 8 Missing 9 Never used FP First use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Number living children at first use of FP Now I would like to ask you about the first time that you did something or used a method to avoid getting pregnant. 309. How many living children did you have at that time? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. NUMBER OF CHILDREN ____ FP1STUSLVKID (V310) reports the number of living children the woman had the first time she used a contraceptive method. The same information is also reported in FP1STUSGPKID, except responses are top-coded at 4+ children in that variable and women who have never used contraception are coded as "9." 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 96 Inconsistent 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) First use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Was first method used to space or limit births 310. The first time you used family planning, was it because you wanted another child, but not until later, or was it because you didn't want any more children at all? WANTED CHILD LATER 1 DIDN'T WANT CHILD AT ALL 2 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ 6 In countries with low contraceptive prevalence, FP1METHSPACE (V369B) reports whether the woman's first use of a contraceptive method was to space or to limit future births. Most commonly, the question was, "When you first used family planning, did you want to have another child but at a later time [space births], or did you not want to have another child at all [limit births]?" The standard response categories are "wanted child later," did not want another," and "other." 1 Wanted child later (space) 2 Did not want another child (limit) 7 Other 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) First use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS FP current use or future intention FPUSINTENT (V364) is a constructed variable drawing on responses to multiple survey questions that divides women into the following categories: those who are currently using a contraceptive method (either modern or traditional); those who are not now using contraception but intend to do so in the future; those who are neither using contraception now nor intend to do so in the future; and (in a minority of samples) those who never had sex. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. IPUMS-DHS users are encouraged to review FPMETHNOW and FPUSPLAN for additional information on the variables used to construct FPUSINTENT. 1 Using modern method 2 Using traditional method 3 Non-user intending to use 4 Does not intend to use 9 NIU (not in universe) 5 Never had sex Future use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Intention to use FP in future 608. Do you think you will use a contraceptive method to delay or avoid pregnancy at any time in the future? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 610) DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 610) FPUSPLAN (V362) is a constructed variable based on multiple survey questions that reports, for women not currently using contraception, whether the woman intends to use contraception in the future and, if so, when she intends to begin use (in the next 12 months or later). Women uncertain about future contraceptive use are subdivided into those who are unsure about using a method and those unsure about the timing of planned future use. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 10 Will use in future 11 Use in next 12 months 12 Use later 20 Unsure about future use 21 Unsure about timing 22 Unsure about use 30 Does not intend to use 40 Never had sex 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Future use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Would use FP in future if married 611. Would you ever use a contraceptive method if you were married? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 For women who said they would not use a family planning method in the future because they are not married, FPUSIFMARY (V376A) indicates whether they would use family planning in the future if they were married. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Future use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Preferred future FP method 609. Which contraceptive method would you prefer to use? PILL 01 (GO TO 612) IUD 02 (GO TO 612) INJECTABLES 03 (GO TO 612) IMPLANTS 04 (GO TO 612) DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY 05 (GO TO 612) CONDOM 06 (GO TO 612) FEMALE STERILIZATION 07 (GO TO 612) MALE STERILIZATION 08 (GO TO 612) RHYTHM METHOD 09 (GO TO 612) WITHDRAWAL 10 (GO TO 612) OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ 96 (GO TO 612) DOESN'T KNOW 98 For women not currently using a contraceptive method but intending to do so in the future, FPMETHFUTR (V363) reports the family planning method the woman would prefer to use. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. Answers are grouped under the broad categories of "modern methods," "traditional methods," and "other methods," each with a different first digit. Specific methods are distinguished by the second and third digits. Closely related responses, such as various groupings of diaphragm/foam/jelly, share the first 2 digits in common, while the third digit distinguishes the exact response category. 999 NIU (not in universe) 998 Missing 997 Inconsistent 304 Specific method 4 303 Specific method 3 302 Specific method 2 301 Specific method 1 300 Other method, unspecified 234 Traditional medications 233 Astrology 232 Gris-gris/amulet 231 Herbs 230 Other traditional/folkloric 220 Withdrawal 212 Abstinence 211 Periodic abstinence 210 Abstinence or periodic abstinence 200 TRADITIONAL METHODS 160 Whatever doctor prescribes 150 Other modern methods 140 Emergency contraception 131 Prolonged breastfeeding 130 Lactational amenorrhea (LAM) 126 Vaginal methods 125 Foaming tablets 124 Foam or jelly 123 Diaphragm/Jelly 122 Diaphragm/Foam 121 Diaphragm 120 Diaphragm/Foam/Jelly 108 Male sterilization 107 Female sterilization 106 Female condom 105 Condom 104 Norplant/implants 103 Injections 102 IUD 101 Pill 100 MODERN METHODS 213 CycleBeads/Standard days method 214 Mucus method (periodic abstinence) 235 Knotted cord/strings 236 Charm from traditional spiritual leader 996 Don't know Future use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use any type of FP (folk, traditional, modern) 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who has an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD (SPECIFY) ____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSE (V302) is a constructed variable that reports whether the woman had ever used a family planning method and, if so, whether she had used a modern contraceptive method or only a traditional or folkloric method. In the DHS, modern methods are pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. 00 Never used 10 Used only traditional or folkloric method 11 Used only traditional method 12 Used only folkloric method 20 Used modern method Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use Pill for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who has an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD (SPECIFY) ____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSPILL (V305_01) indicates whether the woman has ever used the pill to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use IUD for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who has an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD (SPECIFY) ____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSIUD (V305_02) indicates whether the woman had ever used an IUD to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use injectable for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who has an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD (SPECIFY) ____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSINJ (V305_03) indicates whether the woman has ever used injectable contraception to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use diaphragm for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who has an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD (SPECIFY) ____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSDIA (V305_04) indicates whether the woman had ever used the diaphragm (sometimes explicitly in conjunction with foam or jelly) to delay or avoid a pregnancy. See Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use condom for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who has an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD (SPECIFY) ____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSCON (V305_05) indicates whether the woman had ever used the male condom to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use female sterilization for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who has an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD (SPECIFY) ____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSFST (V305_06) indicates whether the woman had ever used female sterilization to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use withdrawal for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who has an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD (SPECIFY) ____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSWD (V305_09) indicates whether the woman has ever used withdrawal to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use rhythm for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who has an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD (SPECIFY) ____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSRHY (V305_08) indicates whether the woman had ever used rhythm (periodic abstinence) to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use male sterilization for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who has an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD (SPECIFY) ____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSMST (V305_07) indicates whether the woman had ever used male sterilization to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use implants/Norplant for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who has an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD (SPECIFY) ____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSIMP (V305_11) indicates whether the woman had ever used implants (such as Norplant) to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use breastfeeding to avoid pregnancy 340. Have you previously relied on breastfeeding as a way to avoid becoming pregnant? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 401) FPEVUSBF (V398) indicates whether the woman has ever used breastfeeding to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use medicinal plants or herbs for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who has an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD (SPECIFY) ____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSPLT indicates whether the woman had ever used medicinal plants or herbs to delay or avoid a pregnancy. The complementary variable FPKNOPLT indicates whether the woman knew about using medicinal plants or herbs as a method for family planning. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use other methods for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who has an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD (SPECIFY) ____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSOM (V305_10) indicates whether the woman has ever used other methods to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Reason regrets sterilization 320. Why do you (does he) regret the operation? RESPONDENT WANTS ANOTHER CHILD 01 HUSBAND/PARTNER WANTS ANOTHER CHILD 02 SIDE EFFECTS 03 CHILD DIED 04 OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 96 For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERREG (V618) reports the reason (if any) they regret getting sterilized. 00 No regret 01 Respondent wants a(nother) child 02 Partner wants a(nother) child 03 Side effects 04 Child died 05 Marital status changed 06 Operation failed 95 Other reason 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Age at sterilization (grouped) 321. In what month and year was the sterilization performed? MONTH _____ (GO TO 333A) YEAR _______ (GO TO 333A) DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 9998 (GO TO 333A) For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERILAGE (V320) reports their age at the time of their sterilization operation. 7 50 - 54 years old 1 Less than 25 years old 2 25 - 29 years old 3 30 - 34 years old 4 35 - 39 years old 5 40 - 44 years old 6 45 - 49 years old 9 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Parity at sterilization 321. In what month and year was the sterilization performed? MONTH _____ (GO TO 333A) YEAR _______ (GO TO 333A) DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 9998 (GO TO 333A) For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERILPAR (V322) reports the parity of the women at the time of their sterilization, top-coded at 5+ children. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 or more 9 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Marital duration at time of sterilization 321. In what month and year was the sterilization performed? MONTH _____ (GO TO 333A) YEAR _______ (GO TO 333A) DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 9998 (GO TO 333A) For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERMARDUR (V321) reports, in 5-year groups, the women's marital duration at the time of their sterilization. 0 Single, before marriage 1 0 - 4 years 2 5 - 9 years 3 10 - 14 years 4 15 - 19 years 5 20 - 24 years 6 25 - 29 years 9 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Years since sterilization 321. In what month and year was the sterilization performed? MONTH _____ (GO TO 333A) YEAR _______ (GO TO 333A) DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 9998 (GO TO 333A) For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERYRAGO (V319) reports the number of years since their sterilization operation, using 2-year groups, top-coded at 10+ years. 1 Less than 2 years 2 2 - 3 years 3 4 - 5 years 4 6 - 7 years 5 8 - 9 years 6 10 or more years 9 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Date when sterilized (CMC) 321. In what month and year was the sterilization performed? MONTH _____ (GO TO 333A) YEAR _______ (GO TO 333A) DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 9998 (GO TO 333A) For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERILDTCMC reports the century month code (CMC) for the date of their sterilization. 9999 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Month of sterilization 321. In what month and year was the sterilization performed? MONTH _____ (GO TO 333A) YEAR _______ (GO TO 333A) DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 9998 (GO TO 333A) For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERILMO reports the calendar month of their sterilization. The calendar year of their sterilization is reported in FPSTERILYR. 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 99 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Year when sterilized 321. In what month and year was the sterilization performed? MONTH _____ (GO TO 333A) YEAR _______ (GO TO 333A) DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 9998 (GO TO 333A) For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERILYR reports the calendar year of their sterilization. The calendar month of their sterilization is reported in FPSTERILMO. 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 9999 NIU (not in universe) 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information - date of sterilization 321. In what month and year was the sterilization performed? MONTH _____ (GO TO 333A) YEAR _______ (GO TO 333A) DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 9998 (GO TO 333A) For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERCOMP reports the completeness of information about the date of their sterilization. 1 Month and year given 5 Month imputed, year given 6 Month given, year imputed (date placed) 7 No information given (date placed) 8 From calendar 9 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Visited by family planning worker in past 12 months 334. In the last 12 months, were you visited by a family planning agent? YES 1 NO 2 FPHOMVISITY (V393) indicates whether the woman was visited by a health worker who talked to her about family planning in the 12 months preceding the interview. 8 Missing 1 Yes 0 No 9 NIU (not in universe) 7 Don't know Information on family planning Variables -- TOPICS Visited health facility for any reason in past 12 months 335. In the last 12 months, have you visited a health facility for any reason? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 337) FPHCVISITY (V394) indicates whether the woman visited a health facility for any reason in the past 12 months. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 8 Missing 1 Yes 0 No 9 NIU (not in universe) Information on family planning Variables -- TOPICS At health facility told of family planning 336. Did any staff member at the health facility speak to you about family planning methods? YES 1 NO 2 For women who had visited a health facility in the past year, FPHCTALKFP (V395) indicates whether any staff there talked to them about family planning. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Information on family planning Variables -- TOPICS Heard FP message on radio 616. Over the last few months, have you heard or read messages about family planning: On the radio? YES 1 NO 2 On the television? YES 1 NO 2 In a newspaper or magazine? YES 1 NO 2 On a poster? YES 1 NO 2 In brochures? YES 1 NO 2 FPRADIOHR (V384A) indicates whether the woman heard family planning message(s) on the radio in the last few months. Some samples specify other periods of time. See Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, only once 12 Yes, more than once 98 Missing 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) Information on family planning Variables -- TOPICS Acceptability of FP message on radio 615. In your opinion, is it appropriate or inappropriate to speak of family planning: On the radio? APPROPRIATE 1 INAPPROPRIATE 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 On television? APPROPRIATE 1 INAPPROPRIATE 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 FPRADIOOK (V366A) indicates whether the woman considered family planning messages on the radio to be acceptable or unacceptable. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 0 Not acceptable 1 Acceptable 7 Don't know 8 Missing Information on family planning Variables -- TOPICS Heard FP message on TV recently 616. Over the last few months, have you heard or read messages about family planning: On the radio? YES 1 NO 2 On the television? YES 1 NO 2 In a newspaper or magazine? YES 1 NO 2 On a poster? YES 1 NO 2 In brochures? YES 1 NO 2 FPTVHR (V384B) indicates whether the woman heard family planning message(s) on television in the last few months. Some samples specify other periods of time. See Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Information on family planning Variables -- TOPICS Acceptability of FP message on TV 615. In your opinion, is it appropriate or inappropriate to speak of family planning: On the radio? APPROPRIATE 1 INAPPROPRIATE 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 On television? APPROPRIATE 1 INAPPROPRIATE 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 FPTVOK (V366B) indicates whether the woman considered family planning messages on television to be acceptable or unacceptable. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 0 Not acceptable 1 Acceptable 7 Don't know 8 Missing Information on family planning Variables -- TOPICS Saw FP message in brochure or pamphlet 616. Over the last few months, have you heard or read messages about family planning: On the radio? YES 1 NO 2 On the television? YES 1 NO 2 In a newspaper or magazine? YES 1 NO 2 On a poster? YES 1 NO 2 In brochures? YES 1 NO 2 FPBROCHHR (V384E) indicates whether the woman has recently seen family planning messages in a leaflet, pamphlet, or brochure. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Information on family planning Variables -- TOPICS Heard FP message in newspaper/magazine 616. Over the last few months, have you heard or read messages about family planning: On the radio? YES 1 NO 2 On the television? YES 1 NO 2 In a newspaper or magazine? YES 1 NO 2 On a poster? YES 1 NO 2 In brochures? YES 1 NO 2 FPNEWSHR (V384C) indicates whether the woman has recently seen family planning messages in a newspaper or magazine. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Information on family planning Variables -- TOPICS Seen FP message on poster or pamphlet 616. Over the last few months, have you heard or read messages about family planning: On the radio? YES 1 NO 2 On the television? YES 1 NO 2 In a newspaper or magazine? YES 1 NO 2 On a poster? YES 1 NO 2 In brochures? YES 1 NO 2 FPPOSTHR indicates whether the woman has recently seen family planning messages on a poster. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Information on family planning Variables -- TOPICS Why not using FP to avoid pregnancy 331. What is the main reason that you are not currently using a contraceptive method? NOT MARRIED 11 FERTILITY-RELATED REASONS NOT HAVING SEX 21 INFREQUENT SEX 22 MENOPAUSAL/HYSTERECTOMY 23 SUBFECOND/INFECUND 24 POSTPARTUM/BREASTFEEDING 25 WANTS (OTHER) CHILDREN 26 PREGNANT 27 OPPOSITION TO USE RESPONDENT OPPOSED 31 HUSBAND/PARTNER OPPOSED 32 OTHERS OPPOSED 33 RELIGIOUS PROHIBITION 34 LACK OF KNOWLEDGE KNOWS NO METHOD 41 KNOWS NO SOURCE 42 METHOD-RELATED REASONS HEALTH CONCERNS 51 FEAR OF SIDE EFFECTS 52 LACK OF ACCESS/TOO FAR 53 COSTS TOO MUCH 54 INCONVENIENT TO USE 55 INTERFERES WITH BODY'S NORMAL PROCESSES 56 OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 96 DOESN'T KNOW 98 For women who are not now using a contraceptive method and are not pregnant, FPYNOTUS (V375A) reports why the woman is not using family planning to avoid pregnancy. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. Responses are grouped into broad categories of "not married,' "other low fertility risk," "wants children," "opposition to use," "lack of knowledge," "method-related," and "other," each beginning with a different first digit; subcategories under these broad headings are distinguished by the second digit. 10 NOT MARRIED 11 Not married 12 Not intending to marry 13 Separated from partner 14 Widowed 20 OTHER LOW FERTILITY RISK 21 Not having sex 22 Infrequent sex 23 Menopausal or hysterectomy 24 Subfecund, infecund 25 Postpartum, breastfeeding 26 Pregnant 27 Too young (not having periods) 30 WANTS CHILDREN 31 Wants more children 32 Fatalistic 40 OPPOSITION TO USE 41 Respondent opposed 42 Husband opposed 43 Others opposed 44 Religious prohib 45 Cultural taboo 50 LACK OF KNOWLEDGE 51 Knows no method 52 Knows no source 53 Rumors 60 METHOD-RELATED 61 Health concerns 62 Fear side effects 63 Lack of access 64 Cost too much 65 Inconvenient to use 66 Interfere with body 70 OTHER 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Why not use family planning Variables -- TOPICS Why not intend to use FP in future 610. What is the main reason that you think you will never use a contraceptive method? NOT MARRIED 11 FERTILITY-RELATED REASONS NOT HAVING SEXUAL RELATIONS 21 (GO TO 612) INFREQUENT SEX/NO SEX 22 (GO TO 612) MENOPAUSAL/HYSTERECTOMY 23 (GO TO 612) SUBFECOND/INFECUND 24 (GO TO 612) POSTPARTUM CARE/BREASTFEEDING 25 (GO TO 612) WANT (OTHER) CHILDREN 26 (GO TO 612) OPPOSITION TO USE RESPONDENT OPPOSED 31 (GO TO 612) HUSBAND/PARTNER OPPOSED 32 (GO TO 612) OTHERS OPPOSED 33 (GO TO 612) RELIGIOUS PROHIBITION 34 (GO TO 612) LACK OF KNOWLEDGE KNOWS NO METHOD 41 (GO TO 612) KNOWS NO SOURCE 42 (GO TO 612) METHOD-RELATED REASONS HEALTH CONCERNS 51 (GO TO 612) FEAR OF SIDE EFFECTS 52 (GO TO 612) LACK OF ACCESS/TOO FAR 53 (GO TO 612) COSTS TOO MUCH 54 (GO TO 612) INCONVENIENT TO USE 55 (GO TO 612) INTERFERES WITH BODY'S NORMAL PROCESSES 56 (GO TO 612) OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 96 (GO TO 612) DOESN'T KNOW 98 (GO TO 612) For women not now using a contraceptive method and not intending to do so in the future, FPYNOTFUS (V376) reports the reason the woman doesn't intend to use family planning in the future. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. Responses are grouped into the following broad categories, each with a different first digit: not married, other low fertility risk, wants children, opposition to use, lack of knowledge, method-related, and other. Specific responses within these categories are distinguished by the second digit of the codes. 10 NOT MARRIED 11 Not married 12 Not intending to marry 13 Inconsistent says not married 20 OTHER LOW FERTILITY RISK 21 Not having sex 22 Infrequent sex 23 Menopausal or hysterectomy 24 Subfecund, infecund 25 Postpartum, breastfeeding 26 Husband ill or subfecund 30 WANTS CHILDREN 31 Wants more children 32 Wants son 33 Wants daughter 34 Fatalistic 35 Wants as many children as possible 40 OPPOSITION TO USE 41 Respondent opposed 42 Husband opposed/makes decision on FP 43 Others opposed 44 Religious prohibition 45 Cultural taboos 46 Rumors 50 LACK OF KNOWLEDGE 51 Knows no method 52 Knows no source 60 METHOD-RELATED 61 Health concerns 62 Fear side effects 63 Lack of access 64 Cost too much 65 Inconvenient to use 66 Interfere with body 67 Sterilization concerns 70 OTHER 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Why not use family planning Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Pill SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPTYPPILL (V304A_01) reports whether the Pill is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPPILL (V304A_01) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 9 NIU (not in universe) 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: IUD SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPTYPIUD (V304A_02) reports whether the intrauterine device (IUD) is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPIUD (V304A_02) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 9 NIU (not in universe) 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Injectables SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPTYPINJ (V304A_03) reports whether injectable contraception is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPINJ (V304A_03) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 9 NIU (not in universe) 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Diaphragm SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPTYPDIA (V304A_04) reports whether diaphragm or spermicides, such as foam or jelly, is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. Some phases combine diaphragm and spermicides in the response and some are separate; see Comparability. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. In some cases, however, there are exceptions to this organization; see Comparability. Additionally, while FPTYPDIA (V304A_04) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variableÂ FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Condom SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPTYPCON (V304A_05) reports whether the male condom is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPCON (V304A_05) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 9 NIU (not in universe) 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Female sterilization SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPTYPFST (V304A_06) reports whether female sterilization is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPFST (V304A_06) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 9 NIU (not in universe) 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Male sterilization SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPTYPMST (V304A_07) reports whether male sterilization is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPMST (V304A_07) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 9 NIU (not in universe) 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Rhythm method SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPTYPRHY (V304A_08) reports whether the rhythm method (periodic abstinence) is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the standard DHS recode manuals, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. In some cases, however, there are exceptions to this organization; see Comparability. Additionally, while FPTYPRHY (V304A_08) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Withdrawal SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPTYPWD (V304A_09) reports whether withdrawal is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the standard DHS recode manuals, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. In some cases, however, there are exceptions to this organization; see Comparability. Additionally, while FPTYPWD (V304A_09) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Implants or norplants SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPTYPIMP (V304A_11) reports whether the contraceptive implant (such as Norplant) is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPIMP (V304A_11) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Other method SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPTYPOM (V304A_10) reports whether any "other" method reported by the woman is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. The meaning of "other" depends on the specific response categories included in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPOM (V304A_10) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Discussed FP recently: Partner 619. With whom did you discuss it? Anyone else? RECORD ALL PERSONS MENTIONED. HUSBAND/PARTNER A MOTHER B FATHER C SISTER(S) D BROTHER(S) E DAUGHTER F MOTHER-IN-LAW G FRIEND(S)/NEIGHBOR(S) H OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X FPTALKHUS (V630A) indicates whether the woman has recently discussed the practice of family planning with her husband/partner. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (Not in universe) Discussion of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Number of times discussed FP with partner in past year 622. How many times over the last 12 months have you discussed family planning with your husband/partner? NEVER 1 ONE OR TWO TIMES 2 MORE OFTEN 3 FPTALKHUSNO (V611) reports the number of the times the woman has recently discussed family planning with her husband/partner. 0 Never 1 Once or twice 2 More often 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 7 Don't know Discussion of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Discussed FP recently: Mother 619. With whom did you discuss it? Anyone else? RECORD ALL PERSONS MENTIONED. HUSBAND/PARTNER A MOTHER B FATHER C SISTER(S) D BROTHER(S) E DAUGHTER F MOTHER-IN-LAW G FRIEND(S)/NEIGHBOR(S) H OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X FPTALKMOM (V630B) indicates whether the woman has recently discussed the practice of family planning with her mother. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Discussion of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Discussed FP recently: Father 619. With whom did you discuss it? Anyone else? RECORD ALL PERSONS MENTIONED. HUSBAND/PARTNER A MOTHER B FATHER C SISTER(S) D BROTHER(S) E DAUGHTER F MOTHER-IN-LAW G FRIEND(S)/NEIGHBOR(S) H OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X FPTALKDAD (V630C) indicates whether the woman has recently discussed the practice of family planning with her father. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Discussion of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Discussed FP recently: Sister(s) 619. With whom did you discuss it? Anyone else? RECORD ALL PERSONS MENTIONED. HUSBAND/PARTNER A MOTHER B FATHER C SISTER(S) D BROTHER(S) E DAUGHTER F MOTHER-IN-LAW G FRIEND(S)/NEIGHBOR(S) H OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X FPTALKSIS (V630D) indicates whether the woman has recently discussed the practice of family planning with her sister(s). 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (Not in universe) Discussion of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Discussed FP recently: Brother 619. With whom did you discuss it? Anyone else? RECORD ALL PERSONS MENTIONED. HUSBAND/PARTNER A MOTHER B FATHER C SISTER(S) D BROTHER(S) E DAUGHTER F MOTHER-IN-LAW G FRIEND(S)/NEIGHBOR(S) H OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X FPTALKBRO (V630E) indicates whether the woman has recently discussed the practice of family planning with her brother(s). 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Discussion of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Discussed FP recently: Daughter(s) 619. With whom did you discuss it? Anyone else? RECORD ALL PERSONS MENTIONED. HUSBAND/PARTNER A MOTHER B FATHER C SISTER(S) D BROTHER(S) E DAUGHTER F MOTHER-IN-LAW G FRIEND(S)/NEIGHBOR(S) H OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X FPTALKDAU (V630F) indicates whether the woman has recently discussed the practice of family planning with her daughter(s). 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Discussion of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Discussed FP recently: Friends or neighbors 619. With whom did you discuss it? Anyone else? RECORD ALL PERSONS MENTIONED. HUSBAND/PARTNER A MOTHER B FATHER C SISTER(S) D BROTHER(S) E DAUGHTER F MOTHER-IN-LAW G FRIEND(S)/NEIGHBOR(S) H OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X FPTALKFRND (V630H) indicates whether the woman has recently discussed the practice of family planning with friends or neighbors. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Discussion of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Discussed FP recently: Mother-in-law 619. With whom did you discuss it? Anyone else? RECORD ALL PERSONS MENTIONED. HUSBAND/PARTNER A MOTHER B FATHER C SISTER(S) D BROTHER(S) E DAUGHTER F MOTHER-IN-LAW G FRIEND(S)/NEIGHBOR(S) H OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X FPTALKMOML (V630G) indicates whether the woman has recently discussed the practice of family planning with her mother-in-law. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Discussion of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Discussed FP recently: Other(s) 619. With whom did you discuss it? Anyone else? RECORD ALL PERSONS MENTIONED. HUSBAND/PARTNER A MOTHER B FATHER C SISTER(S) D BROTHER(S) E DAUGHTER F MOTHER-IN-LAW G FRIEND(S)/NEIGHBOR(S) H OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X FPTALKOTH (V630X) indicates whether the woman has recently discussed the practice of family planning with some "other" person. The meaning of "other" depends on the specific types of people mentioned in a given sample. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Discussion of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Heard of AIDS 801M. Have you ever heard of an illness called AIDS? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 811C) AIDSHEARD (V751) indicates whether the woman has heard of AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Thinks AIDS is a fatal disease 808. Do you think that a person with AIDS almost never dies from it, sometimes dies from it, or almost always dies from it? ALMOST NEVER 1 SOMETIMES 2 ALMOST ALWAYS 3 DOESN'T KNOW 8 AIDFATAL (V757) indicates whether the woman thinks HIV/AIDS is a fatal disease. 0 Almost never 1 Sometimes 2 Almost always 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Believes HIV/AIDS can be cured 808A. Do you think AIDS can be cured? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 For women who have heard of HIV/AIDS, AIDCURABLE (V865) indicates whether the respondent believes HIV/AIDS can be cured. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Thinks a healthy-looking person can have AIDS 807. Is it possible for a healthy-looking person to have AIDS? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 AIDHEALTHY (V756) indicates whether the woman thinks it is possible for a healthy-looking person to have HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Knows someone who has or died of AIDS 808C. Do you personally know anyone who has the AIDS or has died of AIDS? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 AIDKNOWONE (V775) indicates whether the woman personally knows someone who currently has (or is suspected to have) HIV/AIDS or knows someone who died of AIDS. How the question was phrased varied across samples. See Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Get AIDS from: Sharing food with person with AIDS 802B. In your opinion, can someone get AIDS: By touching someone who has AIDS? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 By sharing food or dishes with someone who has AIDS? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 By a kiss from someone who has AIDS? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 By having sexual relations with someone who has AIDS? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 By mosquito bites or other insect bites/stings? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 By contact with the blood of someone who has AIDS? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 By receiving an inoculation or vaccine? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 By blood transfusions? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 AIDGETFOOD (V754WP) indicates whether the woman believes AIDS can be transmitted through sharing food (or dining utensils) with an infected person. 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 7 Don't know 1 Yes 0 No HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Knows there are ways to avoid HIV/AIDS 803. Is there something people can do to avoid contracting AIDS? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 807) DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 807) AIDPREVENT (V753) indicates whether the respondent believes there are things a person can do to avoid HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks AIDS can be transmitted from mother to child 808B. Can AIDS be passed from mother to child? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 AIDMA2CHLD (V774) indicates whether the woman believes HIV/AIDS can be transmitted from mother to child by any means. 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 1 Yes 0 No 7 Don't know HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Perceived risk of getting AIDS 809. Do you think your risk of getting AIDS is small, moderate, significant, or do you think you run no risk at all in contracting AIDS? SMALL 1 MODERATE 2 (GO TO 809B) SIGNIFICANT 3 (GO TO 809B) NO RISK AT ALL 4 HAS AIDS 5 (GO TO 811A) DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 811A) AIDRISK (V758) reports whether the woman believes her risk of getting HIV/AIDS is nonexistent, small, moderate, or great, or if she already has AIDS. 0 No risk 1 Small risk 2 Moderate risk 3 Great risk 4 Has AIDS 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Perceived risk of HIV/AIDS Variables -- TOPICS Low risk of getting AIDS: Abstains from sex 809A. Why do you think your risk of getting AIDS is small? Why do you think you run no risk of getting AIDS? Are there other reasons? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAINS FROM SEX A (GO TO 811A) USES CONDOMS B (GO TO 811A) ONLY HAS SEX WITH ONE PARTNER C (GO TO 811A) LIMITS NUMBER OF SEXUAL PARTNERS D (GO TO 811A) PARTNER IS FAITHFUL E (GO TO 811A) AVOIDS BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS G (GO TO 811A) AVOIDS INJECTIONS H (GO TO 811A) OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ X (GO TO 811A) For women who believe that they are at no risk or only a small risk of getting HIV/AIDS, AIDLRISKABST (V868B) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported believing this because they abstain from sex. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Perceived risk of HIV/AIDS Variables -- TOPICS Low risk of getting AIDS: Uses condoms 809A. Why do you think your risk of getting AIDS is small? Why do you think you run no risk of getting AIDS? Are there other reasons? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAINS FROM SEX A (GO TO 811A) USES CONDOMS B (GO TO 811A) ONLY HAS SEX WITH ONE PARTNER C (GO TO 811A) LIMITS NUMBER OF SEXUAL PARTNERS D (GO TO 811A) PARTNER IS FAITHFUL E (GO TO 811A) AVOIDS BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS G (GO TO 811A) AVOIDS INJECTIONS H (GO TO 811A) OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ X (GO TO 811A) For women who believe that they are at no risk or only a small risk of getting HIV/AIDS, AIDLRISKCON (V868C) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported believing this because they use condoms. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Perceived risk of HIV/AIDS Variables -- TOPICS AIDS knowledge changed sexual behavior: Did not start sex 811A. Since you've heard about AIDS, have you changed your behavior in order to avoid getting the illness? IF YES, INSIST: What have you done? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HAD NEVER HAD SEX A STOPPED HAVING SEX B STARTED TO USE CONDOMS C (GO TO 901) HAS ONE PARTNER D REDUCED NUMBER OF PARTNERS E OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ X CHANGED NOTHING ABOUT SEXUAL BEHAVIOR Y DOESN'T KNOW Z AIDBEHAVNOSEX (V760A) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported changing sexual behavior by not starting sex since hearing about HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Behavior changes due to HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS AIDS knowledge changed sexual behavior: Stopped all sex 811A. Since you've heard about AIDS, have you changed your behavior in order to avoid getting the illness? IF YES, INSIST: What have you done? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HAD NEVER HAD SEX A STOPPED HAVING SEX B STARTED TO USE CONDOMS C (GO TO 901) HAS ONE PARTNER D REDUCED NUMBER OF PARTNERS E OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ X CHANGED NOTHING ABOUT SEXUAL BEHAVIOR Y DOESN'T KNOW Z AIDBEHAVSTOPSEX (V760B) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported changing sexual behavior by stopping all sex since hearing about HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Behavior changes due to HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS AIDS knowledge changed sexual behavior: Started using condoms 811A. Since you've heard about AIDS, have you changed your behavior in order to avoid getting the illness? IF YES, INSIST: What have you done? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HAD NEVER HAD SEX A STOPPED HAVING SEX B STARTED TO USE CONDOMS C (GO TO 901) HAS ONE PARTNER D REDUCED NUMBER OF PARTNERS E OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ X CHANGED NOTHING ABOUT SEXUAL BEHAVIOR Y DOESN'T KNOW Z AIDBEHAVCON (V760C) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported changing sexual behavior by starting to use condoms since hearing about HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Behavior changes due to HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS AIDS knowledge changed sexual behavior: One sex partner 811A. Since you've heard about AIDS, have you changed your behavior in order to avoid getting the illness? IF YES, INSIST: What have you done? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HAD NEVER HAD SEX A STOPPED HAVING SEX B STARTED TO USE CONDOMS C (GO TO 901) HAS ONE PARTNER D REDUCED NUMBER OF PARTNERS E OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ X CHANGED NOTHING ABOUT SEXUAL BEHAVIOR Y DOESN'T KNOW Z AIDBEHAV1PAR (V760D) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported changing sexual behavior by having only one sexual partner since hearing about HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Behavior changes due to HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS AIDS knowledge changed sexual behavior: Limit number of partners 811A. Since you've heard about AIDS, have you changed your behavior in order to avoid getting the illness? IF YES, INSIST: What have you done? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HAD NEVER HAD SEX A STOPPED HAVING SEX B STARTED TO USE CONDOMS C (GO TO 901) HAS ONE PARTNER D REDUCED NUMBER OF PARTNERS E OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ X CHANGED NOTHING ABOUT SEXUAL BEHAVIOR Y DOESN'T KNOW Z AIDBEHAVLIMIT (V760E) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported changing sexual behavior by limiting the number of sexual partners since hearing about HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Behavior changes due to HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS AIDS knowledge changed sexual behavior: Other (sexual) 811A. Since you've heard about AIDS, have you changed your behavior in order to avoid getting the illness? IF YES, INSIST: What have you done? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HAD NEVER HAD SEX A STOPPED HAVING SEX B STARTED TO USE CONDOMS C (GO TO 901) HAS ONE PARTNER D REDUCED NUMBER OF PARTNERS E OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ X CHANGED NOTHING ABOUT SEXUAL BEHAVIOR Y DOESN'T KNOW Z AIDBEHAVOTHSEX (V760X) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported changing some "other" sexual behavior since hearing about HIV/AIDS. The meaning of "other" varies across samples depending on the responses included in a given survey. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Behavior changes due to HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS AIDS knowledge changed sexual behavior: Don't know 811A. Since you've heard about AIDS, have you changed your behavior in order to avoid getting the illness? IF YES, INSIST: What have you done? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HAD NEVER HAD SEX A STOPPED HAVING SEX B STARTED TO USE CONDOMS C (GO TO 901) HAS ONE PARTNER D REDUCED NUMBER OF PARTNERS E OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ X CHANGED NOTHING ABOUT SEXUAL BEHAVIOR Y DOESN'T KNOW Z AIDBEHAVDK (V760Z) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, respondents reported not knowing whether their sexual behavior had changed since hearing about HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes, don't know if changed behavior 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Behavior changes due to HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS AIDS knowledge changed sexual behavior: No change 811A. Since you've heard about AIDS, have you changed your behavior in order to avoid getting the illness? IF YES, INSIST: What have you done? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HAD NEVER HAD SEX A STOPPED HAVING SEX B STARTED TO USE CONDOMS C (GO TO 901) HAS ONE PARTNER D REDUCED NUMBER OF PARTNERS E OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ X CHANGED NOTHING ABOUT SEXUAL BEHAVIOR Y DOESN'T KNOW Z AIDBEHAVNONE (V760Y) indicates whether the respondent reported not changing sexual behavior since hearing about HIV/AIDS. 7 Don't know 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Behavior changes due to HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Radio 802. From which sources of information have you learned the most about AIDS? Are there other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TELEVISION B NEWSPAPERS/MAGAZINES C POSTERS D HEALTH AGENTS E CHURCH/MOSQUE F SCHOOL/TEACHERS G NEIGHBORHOOD PRESENTATIONS H RELATIVES I FRIENDS J WORK PLACE K MOVIE CLUBS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ X AIDSINFORADIO (V752A) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported the radio as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Television 802. From which sources of information have you learned the most about AIDS? Are there other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TELEVISION B NEWSPAPERS/MAGAZINES C POSTERS D HEALTH AGENTS E CHURCH/MOSQUE F SCHOOL/TEACHERS G NEIGHBORHOOD PRESENTATIONS H RELATIVES I FRIENDS J WORK PLACE K MOVIE CLUBS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ X AIDSINFOTV (V752B) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported the television as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Newspaper/magazine 802. From which sources of information have you learned the most about AIDS? Are there other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TELEVISION B NEWSPAPERS/MAGAZINES C POSTERS D HEALTH AGENTS E CHURCH/MOSQUE F SCHOOL/TEACHERS G NEIGHBORHOOD PRESENTATIONS H RELATIVES I FRIENDS J WORK PLACE K MOVIE CLUBS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ X AIDSINFONEWS (V752C) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported newspapers or magazines as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Posters/brochures/pamphlets 802. From which sources of information have you learned the most about AIDS? Are there other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TELEVISION B NEWSPAPERS/MAGAZINES C POSTERS D HEALTH AGENTS E CHURCH/MOSQUE F SCHOOL/TEACHERS G NEIGHBORHOOD PRESENTATIONS H RELATIVES I FRIENDS J WORK PLACE K MOVIE CLUBS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ X AIDSINFOPOSTER (V752D) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported pamphlets, posters, or brochures as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Clinic/Health worker 802. From which sources of information have you learned the most about AIDS? Are there other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TELEVISION B NEWSPAPERS/MAGAZINES C POSTERS D HEALTH AGENTS E CHURCH/MOSQUE F SCHOOL/TEACHERS G NEIGHBORHOOD PRESENTATIONS H RELATIVES I FRIENDS J WORK PLACE K MOVIE CLUBS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ X AIDSINFOWKR (V752E) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported a clinic or health worker as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Church/mosque 802. From which sources of information have you learned the most about AIDS? Are there other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TELEVISION B NEWSPAPERS/MAGAZINES C POSTERS D HEALTH AGENTS E CHURCH/MOSQUE F SCHOOL/TEACHERS G NEIGHBORHOOD PRESENTATIONS H RELATIVES I FRIENDS J WORK PLACE K MOVIE CLUBS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ X AIDSINFOCHURCH (V752F) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported a church or mosque as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Schools/teachers 802. From which sources of information have you learned the most about AIDS? Are there other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TELEVISION B NEWSPAPERS/MAGAZINES C POSTERS D HEALTH AGENTS E CHURCH/MOSQUE F SCHOOL/TEACHERS G NEIGHBORHOOD PRESENTATIONS H RELATIVES I FRIENDS J WORK PLACE K MOVIE CLUBS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ X AIDSINFOSCHOOL (V752G) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported schools or teachers as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Community meetings 802. From which sources of information have you learned the most about AIDS? Are there other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TELEVISION B NEWSPAPERS/MAGAZINES C POSTERS D HEALTH AGENTS E CHURCH/MOSQUE F SCHOOL/TEACHERS G NEIGHBORHOOD PRESENTATIONS H RELATIVES I FRIENDS J WORK PLACE K MOVIE CLUBS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ X AIDSINFOCOMM (V752H) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported community meetings as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Friend/relative 802. From which sources of information have you learned the most about AIDS? Are there other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TELEVISION B NEWSPAPERS/MAGAZINES C POSTERS D HEALTH AGENTS E CHURCH/MOSQUE F SCHOOL/TEACHERS G NEIGHBORHOOD PRESENTATIONS H RELATIVES I FRIENDS J WORK PLACE K MOVIE CLUBS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ X AIDSINFOFRND (V752I) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported friends or relatives as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Workplace 802. From which sources of information have you learned the most about AIDS? Are there other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TELEVISION B NEWSPAPERS/MAGAZINES C POSTERS D HEALTH AGENTS E CHURCH/MOSQUE F SCHOOL/TEACHERS G NEIGHBORHOOD PRESENTATIONS H RELATIVES I FRIENDS J WORK PLACE K MOVIE CLUBS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ X AIDSINFOWORK (V752J) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported her workplace as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Time since last intercourse Now I would like to ask you some questions about your sexual activity in order to gain a better understanding of certain problems related to family planning. 515. How long has it been since the last time you had sexual intercourse (if you've ever had it)? NEVER 00 (GO TO 608) DAYS AGO 1 ______ WEEKS AGO 2 _______ MONTHS AGO 3 _______ YEARS AGO 4 ______ BEFORE LAST BIRTH 996 TIMESINCESEX (V527) reports how many days, weeks, months or years had passed since the woman had sexual intercourse with her most recent sexual partner. 154 54 days 153 53 days 152 52 days 151 51 days 150 50 days 149 49 days 148 48 days 147 47 days 146 46 days 145 45 days 144 44 days 143 43 days 142 42 days 141 41 days 140 40 days 139 39 days 138 38 days 137 37 days 136 36 days 135 35 days 134 34 days 133 33 days 132 32 days 131 31 days 130 30 days 129 29 days 128 28 days 127 27 days 126 26 days 125 25 days 124 24 days 123 23 days 122 22 days 121 21 days 120 20 days 119 19 days 118 18 days 117 17 days 116 16 days 115 15 days 114 14 days 113 13 days 112 12 days 111 11 days 110 10 days 109 9 days 108 8 days 107 7 days 106 6 days 105 5 days 104 4 days 103 3 days 102 2 days 101 1 day 100 Less than 1 day ago 155 55 days 156 56 days 157 57 days 158 58 days 159 59 days 160 60 days 161 61 days 162 62 days 163 63 days 164 64 days 165 65 days 166 66 days 167 67 days 168 68 days 169 69 days 170 70 days 171 71 days 172 72 days 173 73 days 174 74 days 175 75 days 176 76 days 177 77 days 178 78 days 179 79 days 180 80 days 181 81 days 182 82 days 183 83 days 184 84 days 185 85 days 186 86 days 187 87 days 188 88 days 189 89 days 190 90 days 191 91 days 192 92 days 193 93 days 194 94 days 195 95 days 196 96 days 197 97 days 198 Days, number inconsistent 199 Days, number missing 200 WEEKS 201 1 week 202 2 weeks 203 3 weeks 204 4 weeks 205 5 weeks 206 6 weeks 207 7 weeks 208 8 weeks 209 9 weeks 210 10 weeks 211 11 weeks 212 12 weeks 213 13 weeks 214 14 weeks 215 15 weeks 216 16 weeks 217 17 weeks 218 18 weeks 219 19 weeks 220 20 weeks 221 21 weeks 222 22 weeks 223 23 weeks 224 24 weeks 225 25 weeks 226 26 weeks 227 27 weeks 228 28 weeks 229 29 weeks 230 30 weeks 231 31 weeks 232 32 weeks 233 33 weeks 234 34 weeks 235 35 weeks 236 36 weeks 237 37 weeks 238 38 weeks 239 39 weeks 240 40 weeks 241 41 weeks 242 42 weeks 243 43 weeks 244 44 weeks 245 45 weeks 246 46 weeks 247 47 weeks 248 48 weeks 249 49 weeks 250 50 weeks 251 51 weeks 252 52 weeks 298 Weeks, inconsistent 299 Weeks, number missing 300 MONTHS 301 1 month 302 2 months 303 3 months 304 4 months 305 5 months 306 6 months 307 7 months 308 8 months 309 9 months 310 10 months 311 11 months 312 12 months 313 13 months 314 14 months 315 15 months 316 16 months 317 17 months 318 18 months 319 19 months 320 20 months 321 21 months 322 22 months 323 23 months 324 24 months 325 25 months 326 26 months 327 27 months 328 28 months 329 29 months 330 30 months 331 31 months 332 32 months 333 33 months 334 34 months 335 35 months 336 36 months 337 37 months 338 38 months 339 39 months 340 40 months 341 41 months 342 42 months 343 43 months 344 44 months 345 45 months 346 46 months 347 47 months 348 48 months 349 49 months 350 50 months 351 51 months 352 52 months 353 53 months 354 54 months 355 55 months 356 56 months 357 57 months 358 58 months 359 59 months 360 60 months 361 61 months 362 62 months 363 63 months 364 64 months 365 65 months 366 66 months 367 67 months 368 68 months 369 69 months 370 70 months 371 71 months 372 72 months 373 73 months 374 74 months 375 75 months 376 76 months 377 77 months 378 78 months 379 79 months 380 80 months 381 81 months 382 82 months 383 83 months 384 84 months 385 85 months 386 86 months 387 87 months 388 88 months 389 89 months 390 90 months 391 91 months 392 92 months 393 93 months 394 94 months 395 95 months 396 96 months 397 97 months 398 Months, inconsistent 399 Months, number missing 400 YEARS 401 1 year 402 2 years 403 3 years 404 4 years 405 5 years 406 6 years 407 7 years 408 8 years 409 9 years 410 10 years 411 11 years 412 12 years 413 13 years 414 14 years 415 15 years 416 16 years 417 17 years 418 18 years 419 19 years 420 20 years 421 21 years 422 22 years 423 23 years 424 24 years 425 25 years 426 26 years 427 27 years 428 28 years 429 29 years 430 30 years 431 31 years 432 32 years 433 33 years 434 34 years 435 35 years 436 36 years 437 37 years 438 38 years 439 39 years 440 40 years 441 41 years 442 42 years 443 43 years 444 44 years 445 45 years 448 48 years 449 49 years 450 50+ years 499 Years, number missing 993 With former husband 994 Within last 4 weeks 995 Before last birth 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) 446 46 years 447 47 years Recent sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Time since last intercourse in days Now I would like to ask you some questions about your sexual activity in order to gain a better understanding of certain problems related to family planning. 515. How long has it been since the last time you had sexual intercourse (if you've ever had it)? NEVER 00 (GO TO 608) DAYS AGO 1 ______ WEEKS AGO 2 _______ MONTHS AGO 3 _______ YEARS AGO 4 ______ BEFORE LAST BIRTH 996 TIMESINCESEXD (V528) reports the number of days that have passed since the respondent last had sexual intercourse. Durations of more than 30 days are grouped into "31+." If the respondent reported having sexual intercourse in the last 4 weeks but replied that her last sexual intercourse was one month before the interview (in TIMESINCESEX (V527), this response is recoded to "30" in TIMESINCESEXD. In all other cases, a response of "One month" in TIMESINCESEX is coded as "31+." 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31+ days 92 Not married/no regular partner 93 Within last 4 weeks 94 Before last birth 95 With former husband 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Recent sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Time since last intercourse in months (imputed) Now I would like to ask you some questions about your sexual activity in order to gain a better understanding of certain problems related to family planning. 515. How long has it been since the last time you had sexual intercourse (if you've ever had it)? NEVER 00 (GO TO 608) DAYS AGO 1 ______ WEEKS AGO 2 _______ MONTHS AGO 3 _______ YEARS AGO 4 ______ BEFORE LAST BIRTH 996 TIMESINCESEXM (V529) reports the computed time (in months) since the respondent last had sexual intercourse. This variable's value is computed from the responses in TIMESINCESEX (V527), with durations exceeding the interval since the last birth recoded as "Before last birth." 000 Less than 1 month 993 No partner 994 With former husband 995 Before last birth 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Recent sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Flag for time since last sex (months, imputed) TIMESINCESEXFLAG (V530) is a flag variable reporting the type of problem found when editing responses about the time that has passed since the respondent last had sexual intercourse (in TIMESINCESEXM (V529)). Below are descriptions of each code: 0 = No flag 1 = Duration reported is greater than the interval since the last birth, and the respondent did not say in the maternity section (PPABSTAINNOW (V406)) that she is still abstaining from sexual relations since her last birth 2 = Duration reported plus the duration of abstinence after the last birth (PPABMO_01 (M8_1)) is greater than the interval since the last birth 3 = Duration reported, but the respondent has not resumed sexual intercourse since the last birth 4 = Respondent reported last intercourse was before her last birth, but she has never given birth 5 = Respondent reported last intercourse was before her last birth, but she was currently pregnant (PREGNANT (V213). 6 = Respondent reported last intercourse was before her last birth, but she reported in the maternity section that she had resumed sexual intercourse after her last birth 7 = Respondent reported a duration since her last intercourse, but this would place her last intercourse before her last pregnancy 8 = Respondent reported a duration since her last intercourse, but this response was inconsistent with her response concerning the number of times she had sexual intercourse in the 4 weeks preceding the survey (SX4WKX (V526)) 9 = Duration reported, but would place her last sexual intercourse before her last birth 00 No flag 01 Duration greater than time since last birth and did not report pp abstinence 02 Duration plus abstinence after last birth greater than time since last birth 03 Reported, but did not resume sex after last birth 04 Before last birth, but no births 05 Before last birth, but currently pregnant 06 Before last birth, but resumed sex after last birth 07 Reported but before last pregnancy 08 Reported but inconsistent with times had sex in past 4 weeks 09 Reported but before last birth 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Recent sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Has regular or occasional sex partner 503. Do you currently have a regular sexual partner, an occasional sexual partner, or no sexual partner at all? REGULAR SEXUAL PARTNER 1 OCCASIONAL SEXUAL PARTNER 2 NO SEXUAL PARTNER 3 For respondents who are not currently married or living with a partner, SXPARTNER (V534) indicates whether the respondent has no sex partner, a regular sex partner, or an occasional sex partner. 0 No sex partner 1 Regular sex partner 2 Occasional sex partner 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Recent sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Number of sex partners, including spouse, in past 12 months 521. With how many different people have you had sexual intercourse in the last 12 months? NUMBER OF PARTNERS _____ DOESN'T KNOW 96 SXPARYRNO (V766B) reports the number of sex partners the woman had in the past 12 months, including her spouse. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 83 84 84 85 85 86 86 87 87 88 88 89 89 90 90 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) 91 91 92 92 93 93 94 94 95 95+ Recent sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Age at first intercourse 519. What age were you when you had your first sexual encounter? AGE ____ FIRST TIME WHILE MARRIED 96 AGE1STSEX (V525) indicates the woman's self-reported age for the first time she had sexual intercourse. 00 Not had intercourse 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 94 Refused to respond 95 At first union 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) First or ever sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Age at first intercourse (imputed) 519. What age were you when you had your first sexual encounter? AGE ____ FIRST TIME WHILE MARRIED 96 AGE1STSEXIMP (V531) reports the respondent's age at first sexual intercourse. This variable is the same as AGE1STSEX (V525), except for women who reported their first sexual intercourse was at the time of their union. For these women, the age at first sex is taken from the age at first union. In cases where the age at first sex was inconsistent with the age at conception of the first child, but only by one year, the age at first sex was reduced by one year. 00 Not had sex 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 95 Refused to respond 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) First or ever sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Flag for age at first intercourse AGE1STSEXFLAG (V532) is a flag variable reporting the type of inconsistency found when editing responses about when the respondent first had sexual intercourse. Below are descriptions of each code: 0 = No flag 1 = Respondent reported age at first sexual intercourse that exceeds her current age (AGE (V012)) 2 = Respondent reported her age at first sexual intercourse as occurring more than one year after the conception of her first child 3 = Respondent reported her age at first sexual intercourse as occurring up to one year after the conception of her first child 4 = Respondent reported that her first sexual intercourse was at the time of her first marriage, but the respondent was never married (EVERMARRIED (V535)) 5 = Respondent reported that her first sexual intercourse was at the time of her first marriage, but her first marriage occurred after the conception of her first child 6 = Respondent reported her first sexual intercourse as being some time after her first marriage 0 No flag 1 After interview 2 After conception by 1 year or more 3 After conception by less than 1 year 4 At marriage, but never married 5 At marriage, but after conception 6 After marriage First or ever sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Knowledge of condom use for FP and/or STI prevention SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 Constructed from a series of questions, AIDCONHEARD (V764) reports whether the respondent knew of condoms, and if so, did she know about using condoms for family planning, for STI prevention, or for both family planning and STI prevention. Women are asked about their knowledge of using condoms for family planning reasons in the contraception table. AIDCONHEARD also draws upon a question asking about the woman's knowledge of using condoms for STI prevention. This question is worded as "Some people use a condom during sexual intercourse to protect themselves from AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections. Have you ever heard of this?" or some slight variation. IPUMS-DHS users may also be interested in the related variable AIDCONUSE (V764), which reports whether the woman had ever used condoms, and if so, whether she used condoms for family planning, for STI prevention, or for both family planning and STI prevention. 00 Does not know of condoms 10 Knows of condoms 11 Knows of condoms for FP 12 Knows of condoms for STI prevention 13 Knows of condoms for FP and STI prevention Condom knowledge and attitudes Variables -- TOPICS Heard of using condoms to avoid HIV/AIDS 811B. Some people use a condom during sexual intercourse to protect themselves from AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections. Have you already heard of this? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 901) AIDCONKNOW (V870) indicates whether the respondent has heard of using condoms to prevent HIV/AIDS or other sexually transmitted infections. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Condom knowledge and attitudes Variables -- TOPICS Condom used during woman's most recent intercourse 516. CHECK 301 AND 302: YES, SHE HAS HEARD OF CONDOMS. Did you use a condom during your last sexual encounter? NO, SHE HAS NEVER HEARD OF CONDOMS. Certain men use a condom, that is, they put a rubber sheath on their penis before having sexual intercourse. Did you use a condom during your last sexual encounter? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 517) DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 517) CONUSMAN1 (V761) indicates whether the woman used a condom the last time she had sex with her most recent sex partner (from the last 12 months). 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, male condom 12 Yes, female condom 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Condom use Variables -- TOPICS Ever used a condom for FP and/or STI prevention 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who has an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD (SPECIFY) ____ YES 1 NO 2 Constructed from a series of questions, AIDCONUSE (V765) reports whether the woman had ever used condoms, and if so, whether she used condoms for family planning, for STI prevention, or for both family planning and STI prevention. Women are asked about use of condoms for family planning reasons in the contraception table. AIDCONUSE also draws upon a question asking about the woman's use of condoms for STI prevention. This question is worded as "Have you ever used a condom during sexual relations to avoid getting AIDS or transmitting illnesses like AIDS?" or some slight variation. IPUMS-DHS users may also be interested in the related variable AIDCONHEARD (V765), which reports whether the woman knew of condoms, and if so, whether she knew about using condoms for family planning, for STI prevention, or for both family planning and STI prevention. 00 Never used condoms 10 Ever used condoms 11 Used condoms for FP 12 Used condoms for STI prevention 13 Used condoms for FP and STI prevention 99 NIU (not in universe) Condom use Variables -- TOPICS Used a condom to avoid HIV/AIDS or other STI 811D. Have you ever used a condom to protect yourself from illnesses such as AIDS? YES 1 NO 2 For women who have ever had sexual intercourse and have heard of using condoms to prevent HIV/AIDS or other sexually transmitted infections, CONUSESTI (V871) indicates whether the respondent has ever used a condom to prevent HIV/AIDS or another STI. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in unvierse) Condom use Variables -- TOPICS Known source for condoms 518. Where is that? IF IT IS A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OR A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC, WRITE THE NAME OF THE ESTABLISHMENT. PROBE TO DETERMINE THE PROPER TYPE OF SECTOR AND CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE. NAME OF PLACE _______________ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G PF/FISA CENTER H OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z For women who have ever had sexual intercourse, HCMSRC reports where she knows condoms can be obtained. Response categories vary across samples. See Comparability. 1000 PUBLIC SECTOR 1100 Government hospital 1110 National/central hospital 1120 Provincial/regional hospital 1130 District/rural hospital 1131 District hospital 1132 Rural hospital 1140 Day hospital 1200 Government health center 1210 Rural health center 1300 Government family planning clinic 1310 Stand-alone family planning clinic 1320 Mobile family planning clinic 1400 Government pharmacy/dispensary 1500 Government outreach 1510 Government mobile clinic 1520 Government health post 1530 Government health worker 1531 Public field worker 1532 Community-based distribution (CBD) worker 1600 Government maternity home 1900 Other public sector 1901 Social center 2000 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR 2100 Private hospital/clinic 2200 Private doctor 2300 Private pharmacy/dispensary 2400 Private family planning clinic 2500 Private outreach 2510 Private mobile clinic 2520 Private health worker 2521 Field worker 2522 Community-based distribution (CBD) worker 2600 Private maternity home 2900 Other private medical sector 3000 NGO FACILITY 3100 NGO health facility 4000 RELIGIOUS/MISSION 4100 Religious hospital/clinic 5000 OTHER 5100 Shop 5110 Gas station 5120 Stand/kiosk 5200 Church 5300 Friend/relative 5310 Friend 5320 Relative 5400 Other outreach 5410 Mobile clinic 5420 Community-based distribution (CBD) worker 5600 Traditional practitioner 5700 Hotel/bar 5710 Bar 5800 Informal channels 9995 Other 9997 Don't know source for condom 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) 1220 Primary health center 1521 Outreach clinic 2410 Injectable outlet General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Public hospital 518. Where is that? IF IT IS A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OR A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC, WRITE THE NAME OF THE ESTABLISHMENT. PROBE TO DETERMINE THE PROPER TYPE OF SECTOR AND CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE. NAME OF PLACE _______________ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G PF/FISA CENTER H OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z HCMPUBHOS (V762AA) indicates whether the woman reported a "government hospital" as a source for male condoms. Some samples in the "HCM" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of public hospitals that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in HCMPUBHOS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Public health center/post 518. Where is that? IF IT IS A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OR A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC, WRITE THE NAME OF THE ESTABLISHMENT. PROBE TO DETERMINE THE PROPER TYPE OF SECTOR AND CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE. NAME OF PLACE _______________ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G PF/FISA CENTER H OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z HCMPUBHC (V762AB) indicates whether the woman reported a public health center or health post as a source for male condoms. Some samples in the "HCM" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, such as HCMPUBHC, while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. Due to variability in response category wording, IPUMS-DHS users are encouraged to review the Comparability tab. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Public dispensary, pharmacy 518. Where is that? IF IT IS A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OR A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC, WRITE THE NAME OF THE ESTABLISHMENT. PROBE TO DETERMINE THE PROPER TYPE OF SECTOR AND CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE. NAME OF PLACE _______________ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G PF/FISA CENTER H OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z HCMPUBDRUG indicates whether the woman reported a public dispensary or pharmacy as a source for male condoms. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Other public source 518. Where is that? IF IT IS A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OR A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC, WRITE THE NAME OF THE ESTABLISHMENT. PROBE TO DETERMINE THE PROPER TYPE OF SECTOR AND CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE. NAME OF PLACE _______________ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G PF/FISA CENTER H OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z HCMPUBOTH (V762AF) indicates whether the woman reported some other public facility as a source for male condoms. The meaning of "other" depends on the sources for male condoms specified in a given sample. See HCMPRIVOTH (other private medical sector) and HCMOTHER (other non-medical sector) for similar variables. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Private hospital, clinic 518. Where is that? IF IT IS A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OR A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC, WRITE THE NAME OF THE ESTABLISHMENT. PROBE TO DETERMINE THE PROPER TYPE OF SECTOR AND CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE. NAME OF PLACE _______________ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G PF/FISA CENTER H OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z HCMPRIVHOS (V762AJ) indicates whether the woman reported a "private hospital/clinic" as a source for male condoms. Some samples in the "HCM" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of private hospitals/clinics that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in HCMPRIVHOS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Private pharmacy, drug store, or dispensary 518. Where is that? IF IT IS A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OR A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC, WRITE THE NAME OF THE ESTABLISHMENT. PROBE TO DETERMINE THE PROPER TYPE OF SECTOR AND CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE. NAME OF PLACE _______________ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G PF/FISA CENTER H OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z HCMPRIVDRUG (V762AK) indicates whether the woman reported a private pharmacy, drug store, or dispensary as a source for male condoms. Some samples in the "HCM" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of private, formal drug sources that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in HCMPRIVDRUG. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Private doctor 518. Where is that? IF IT IS A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OR A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC, WRITE THE NAME OF THE ESTABLISHMENT. PROBE TO DETERMINE THE PROPER TYPE OF SECTOR AND CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE. NAME OF PLACE _______________ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G PF/FISA CENTER H OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z HCMPRIVDR (V762AL) indicates whether the woman reported a "private doctor" as a source for male condoms. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Family planning clinic (private) 518. Where is that? IF IT IS A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OR A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC, WRITE THE NAME OF THE ESTABLISHMENT. PROBE TO DETERMINE THE PROPER TYPE OF SECTOR AND CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE. NAME OF PLACE _______________ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G PF/FISA CENTER H OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z HCMPRIVFPC indicates whether the woman reported a private family planning clinic or association as a source for male condoms. IPUMS-DHS users should be careful to distinguish this variable from HCMPUBFPC (public family planning clinic or association). 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Religious/mission hospital, health center, clinic, or dispensary 518. Where is that? IF IT IS A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OR A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC, WRITE THE NAME OF THE ESTABLISHMENT. PROBE TO DETERMINE THE PROPER TYPE OF SECTOR AND CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE. NAME OF PLACE _______________ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G PF/FISA CENTER H OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z HCMPRIVMIS indicates whether the woman reported a faith-based health facility as a source for male condoms. Some samples in the "HCM" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of faith-based facilities that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in HCMPRIVMIS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Other private source 518. Where is that? IF IT IS A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OR A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC, WRITE THE NAME OF THE ESTABLISHMENT. PROBE TO DETERMINE THE PROPER TYPE OF SECTOR AND CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE. NAME OF PLACE _______________ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G PF/FISA CENTER H OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z HCMPRIVOTH indicates whether the woman reported some other private medical facility or organization as a source for male condoms. The meaning of "other" depends on the sources for male condoms specified in a given sample. See HCMPUBOTH (other public medical sector) and HCMOTHER (other non-medical sector) for similar variables. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Shop (other) 518. Where is that? IF IT IS A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OR A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC, WRITE THE NAME OF THE ESTABLISHMENT. PROBE TO DETERMINE THE PROPER TYPE OF SECTOR AND CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE. NAME OF PLACE _______________ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G PF/FISA CENTER H OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z HCMSHOP (V762AS) indicates whether the woman reported a "shop" as a source for male condoms. Some samples in the "HCM" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of shops/retailers that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in HCMSHOP. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Other 518. Where is that? IF IT IS A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OR A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC, WRITE THE NAME OF THE ESTABLISHMENT. PROBE TO DETERMINE THE PROPER TYPE OF SECTOR AND CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE. NAME OF PLACE _______________ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G PF/FISA CENTER H OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z HCMOTHER (V762AX) indicates whether the woman reported some other (non-public or not private medical sector) facility as a source for male condoms. The meaning of "other" depends on the sources for male condoms specified in a given sample. See HCMPUBOTH (other public medical sector) and HCMPRIVOTH (other private medical sector) for similar variables. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Friends (other) (Madagascar) 518. Where is that? IF IT IS A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OR A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC, WRITE THE NAME OF THE ESTABLISHMENT. PROBE TO DETERMINE THE PROPER TYPE OF SECTOR AND CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE. NAME OF PLACE _______________ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G PF/FISA CENTER H OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z HCMMG7 indicates whether the woman reported a friend as a source for male condoms. This response category is country-specific to Madagascar. Some samples in the "HCM" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. HCMMG7 is combined with HCMMG8 (relatives) in HCMFRND (friends, relatives, and acquaintances) for the 1997 Madagascar sample. IPUMS-DHS users interested in using HCMMG7 are encouraged to review HCMFRND for a more comprehensive response category. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Country-specific sources, male condom Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Relatives (other) (Madagascar) 518. Where is that? IF IT IS A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OR A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC, WRITE THE NAME OF THE ESTABLISHMENT. PROBE TO DETERMINE THE PROPER TYPE OF SECTOR AND CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE. NAME OF PLACE _______________ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G PF/FISA CENTER H OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z HCMMG8 indicates whether the woman reported a relative as a source for male condoms. This response category is country-specific to Madagascar. Some samples in the "HCM" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. HCMMG8 is combined with HCMMG7 (friends) in HCMFRND (friends, relatives, and acquaintances) for the 1997 Madagascar sample. IPUMS-DHS users interested in using HCMMG8 are encouraged to review HCMFRND for a more comprehensive response category. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Country-specific sources, male condom Variables -- TOPICS Heard of AIDS or other sexually transmitted infections SECTION 8. AIDS AND OTHER SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS 801A. Have you ever heard about infections that can be transmitted through sexual contact? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 801L) STIHEARD (V750) indicates whether the woman had heard of AIDS or any other sexually transmitted infection (STI). For a variable that indicates whether the respondent had heard of STIs other than AIDS, see STIHEARDOTH (V785). For a variable that indicates whether the respondent had heard of AIDS specifically, see AIDSHEARD (V751). 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 7 Don't know 1 Yes 0 No STI knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Heard of STI: Syphilis 801B. Which ones do you know of? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA (GENITAL WARTS) D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ W OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ X DOESN'T KNOW Z STIKNOWSYPH (V856A) indicates whether the respondent has heard of the sexually transmitted infection syphilis. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Heard of STI: Gonorrhea 801B. Which ones do you know of? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA (GENITAL WARTS) D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ W OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ X DOESN'T KNOW Z STIKNOWGON (V856B) indicates whether the respondent has heard of the sexually transmitted infection gonorrhea. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Heard of STI: HIV/AIDS 801B. Which ones do you know of? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA (GENITAL WARTS) D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ W OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ X DOESN'T KNOW Z STIKNOWAIDS (V856C) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having heard of the sexually transmitted infection HIV/AIDS. The related variable AIDSHEARD (V751) indicates whether in response to a direct, yes/no question, the respondent reported having heard of HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Heard of STI: Genital warts/condylomata 801B. Which ones do you know of? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA (GENITAL WARTS) D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ W OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ X DOESN'T KNOW Z STIKNOWGENW (V856D) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having heard of the sexually transmitted infection genital warts or condylomata. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Heard of STI: Other 801B. Which ones do you know of? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA (GENITAL WARTS) D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ W OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ X DOESN'T KNOW Z STIKNOWOTH (V856X) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having heard of some other sexually transmitted infection. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific categories included in a particular sample. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Heard of STI: Don't know name 801B. Which ones do you know of? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA (GENITAL WARTS) D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ W OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ X DOESN'T KNOW Z STIKNOWDK (V856Z) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having heard of sexually transmitted infections, but did not know any by name. 0 No 1 Yes, does not know any STI by name 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Had any sexually transmitted infection in last 12 months 801D. In the last 12 months, have you had one of these infections? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 801F) DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 801F) STIANYR (V763A) indicates whether the woman had any sexually transmitted infection in the last 12 months. How this information was collected changed over time. See Comparability. 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 7 Don't know 1 Yes 0 No STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had genital discharge in last 12 months 801F. In the last 12 months, have you had any vaginal or anal releasing/discharge? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 801L) STIDISCHGYR (V763C) indicates whether the woman had any bad smelling abnormal genital discharge in the last 12 months. 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 7 Don't know 1 Yes 0 No STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had STI in past 12 months: Syphilis 801E. Which infections did you have? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA (GENITAL WARTS) D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ W OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ X DOESN'T KNOW Z For women who reported having a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STISYPHYR (V858A) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having syphilis. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had STI in past 12 months: Gonorrhea 801E. Which infections did you have? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA (GENITAL WARTS) D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ W OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ X DOESN'T KNOW Z For women who reported having a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIGONYR (V858B) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having gonorrhea. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had STI in past 12 months: AIDS 801E. Which infections did you have? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA (GENITAL WARTS) D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ W OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ X DOESN'T KNOW Z For women who reported having a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIAIDSYR (V858C) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had STI in past 12 months: Genital warts 801E. Which infections did you have? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA (GENITAL WARTS) D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ W OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ X DOESN'T KNOW Z For women who reported having a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIGENWYR (V858D) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having genital warts. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had STI in past 12 months: Other 801E. Which infections did you have? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA (GENITAL WARTS) D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ W OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ X DOESN'T KNOW Z For women who reported having a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIOTHYR (V858X) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having some other sexually transmitted infection. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific categories included in a particular sample. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had STI in past 12 months: Unknown STI 801E. Which infections did you have? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA (GENITAL WARTS) D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ W OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ X DOESN'T KNOW Z For women who reported having a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIDKYR (V858Z) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having an unknown sexually transmitted infection. 0 No 1 Yes, had unknown STI 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Told partner(s) last time had STI 801I. When you had (INFECTION(S) FROM 801E), did you inform your sexual partner(s)? YES 1 NO 2 For women who had a sexually transmitted infection (STI), abnormal genital discharge, or genital ulcer/sore in the past 12 months, STIPTOLD (V770) indicates whether the woman told her partner(s) she had the STI. 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 3 No partner 2 Some/not all 1 Yes 0 No STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Tried to avoid infecting partner(s) with last STI infection 801J. When you had (INFECTION(S) FROM 801E), did you do anything to avoid infecting your sexual partner(s)? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 801L) PARTNER ALREADY INFECTED 8 (GO TO 801L) For women who had a sexually transmitted infection (STI), abnormal genital discharge, or genital ulcer/sore in the past 12 months, STIPAVOID (V772) indicates whether the woman tried to avoid infecting her partner(s) with the STI. 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 2 Partner already infected 1 Yes 0 No 3 No partner STI experience Variables -- TOPICS How avoided infecting partner: Used condoms 801K. What did you do? AVOIDED SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A USED CONDOMS B TOOK MEDICATION C OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X For women who had a sexually transmitted infection (STI), abnormal genital discharge, or a genital ulcer/sore in the past 12 months, STIPCONDOM (V773B) indicates whether the woman used a condom to avoid infecting her partner(s) with the STI. 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 1 Yes, used condoms 0 No STI experience Variables -- TOPICS How avoided infecting partner: Took medicines 801K. What did you do? AVOIDED SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A USED CONDOMS B TOOK MEDICATION C OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X For women who had a sexually transmitted infection (STI), abnormal genital discharge, or a genital ulcer/sore in the past 12 months, STIPMED (V773C) indicates whether the woman took medicine to avoid infecting her partner(s) with the STI. 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 1 Yes, took medicines 0 No STI experience Variables -- TOPICS How avoided infecting partner: Stopped sexual intercourse 801K. What did you do? AVOIDED SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A USED CONDOMS B TOOK MEDICATION C OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X For women who had a sexually transmitted infection (STI), abnormal genital discharge, or a genital ulcer/sore in the past 12 months, STIPNOSEX (V773A) indicates whether the woman abstained from sex to avoid infecting her partner(s) with the STI. 0 No 1 Yes, stopped sexual intercourse 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI experience Variables -- TOPICS How avoided infecting partner: Other 801K. What did you do? AVOIDED SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A USED CONDOMS B TOOK MEDICATION C OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection (STI) in the past 12 months, STIPOTHER (V773X) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman stated she did some "other" thing to avoid infecting her partner(s) with the STI. The meaning of "other" depends on the specific response categories included in a given sample. 0 No 1 Yes, other 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Sought advice for last STI 801G. The last time you had this infection (these infections), did you seek advice or treatment, treat yourself at home, or do nothing? SOUGHT TREATMENT 1 TREATED HERSELF 2 (GO TO 801I) NOTHING 3 (GO TO 801I) For women who had a sexually-transmitted infection (STI), abnormal genital discharge, or genital sore/ulcer in the past 12 months, STIADVICE (V770) indicates whether they sought advice or treatment for this problem. 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 1 Yes 0 No Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Public hospital 801H. Where did you seek advice or treatment? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L HEALER M OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADPUBHOS indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they repeated seeking advice or treatment from a public hospital for this problem. Some samples in the "STIAD" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of public hospitals that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in STIADPUBHOS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Public health center 801H. Where did you seek advice or treatment? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L HEALER M OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADPUBHC indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from a public hospital for this problem. Some samples in the "STIAD" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of public health centers that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in STIADPUBHC. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Health post/dispensary (public) 801H. Where did you seek advice or treatment? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L HEALER M OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADHPDISP indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from a health post or dispensary for this problem. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Dispensary (public) 801H. Where did you seek advice or treatment? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L HEALER M OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADPUBDRUG indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from a public dispensary or pharmacy for this problem. Users should be careful to distinguish this variable from STIADOTHDRUG and STIADPRIVDRUG, which refer to other, informal drug sources and private, formal drug sources, respectively. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Other public 801H. Where did you seek advice or treatment? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L HEALER M OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADPUBOTH indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from some "other" public medical facility for this problem. The meaning of "other" depends on the specific response categories included in a given sample. Users should be careful to distinguish this variable from STIADPRIVOTH ("other" under the private medical sector) and STIADOTHER ("other" not under either the private or the public medical sector). 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Private hospital/clinic/doctor 801H. Where did you seek advice or treatment? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L HEALER M OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z ***** 801H. Where did you seek advice or treatment? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L HEALER M OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADPRIVHOS indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from a private hospital, clinic, or doctor for this problem. Some samples in the "STIAD" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Private pharmacy, dispensary, or drug store 801H. Where did you seek advice or treatment? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L HEALER M OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADPRIVDRUG indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from a private pharmacy, drug store, or dispensary for this problem. Some samples in the "STIAD" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of private drug sources that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in STIADPRIVDRUG. Users should be careful to distinguish STIADPRIVDRUG from STIADOTHDRUG and STIADPUBDRUG, which refer to other, informal drug sources and public, formal drug sources, respectively. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Other private medical 801H. Where did you seek advice or treatment? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L HEALER M OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADPRIVOTH indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from some "other" private medical facility for this problem. The meaning of "other" depends on the specific response categories included in a given sample. Users should be careful to distinguish this variable from STIADPUBOTH ("other" under the public medical sector) and STIADOTHER ("other" that is not under either the private or the public medical sector). 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Shop 801H. Where did you seek advice or treatment? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L HEALER M OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADSHOP indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from a shop for this problem. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Traditional healer/herbalist (other) 801H. Where did you seek advice or treatment? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L HEALER M OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADPRIVHL indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from a traditional practitioner for this problem. Users should be careful to distinguish this variable from STIADPRIVHLYN, which includes responses to a similar but closed-ended question. Some samples in the "STIAD" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Other 801H. Where did you seek advice or treatment? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L HEALER M OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADOTHER indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from some "other" source for this problem. The meaning of "other" depends on the specific response categories included in a given sample. Users should be careful to distinguish this variable from STIADPUBOTH ("other" under the public medical sector) and STIADPRIVOTH ("other" under the private medical sector). STIADOTHER includes those "other" categories that do not fit into the public or private medical sector. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Private hospital/clinic (Madagascar) 801H. Where did you seek advice or treatment? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L HEALER M OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADMG1 indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from a private hospital/clinic for this problem. This response category is country-specific to Madagascar. Some samples in the "STIAD" series include multiple categories that can be consolidated into a single broad response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, while also preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. STIADMG1 is combined with STIADMG2 (private doctor) in STIADPRIVHOS (private hospital, clinic, or doctor) for the 1997 and 2008 Madagascar samples. IPUMS-DHS users interested in using STIADMG1 are encouraged to review STIADPRIVHOS for a more comprehensive response category. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, CS Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Private doctor (Madagascar) 801H. Where did you seek advice or treatment? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L HEALER M OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADMG2 indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from a private doctor for this problem. This response category is country-specific to Madagascar. Some samples in the "STIAD" series include multiple categories that can be consolidated into a single broad response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, while also preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. STIADMG2 is combined with STIADMG1 (private hospital/clinic) in STIADPRIVHOS (private hospital, clinic, or doctor) for the 1997 and 2008 Madagascar samples. IPUMS-DHS users interested in using STIADMG2 are encouraged to review STIADPRIVHOS for a more comprehensive response category. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, CS Variables -- TOPICS Last birth caesarean section 415. Was (NAME) delivered by caesarean section? YES 1 NO 2 For women who gave birth in the three to five years before the survey, DELCESRLAST (V401) indicates whether the last-born child was delivered by caesarean section. When children or births are the unit of analysis, this variable describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes allchildren of the mother to be coded the same way. Question wording varies slightly across samples. See Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Woman currently postpartum amenorrheic 420. Did your period come back between the birth of (NAME) and your next birth? [ASK FOR ALL BUT MOST RECENT BIRTH] YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 424) PPAMENNOW (V405) reports whether the woman is currently postpartum amenorrheic. This variable is created from the maternity history by checking if menstruation resumed after birth. Women who are currently pregnant (irrespective of whether the woman's period returned after her last birth) and women who did not have births in the last three to five years are automatically reported as not currently amenorrheic, and coded "No" (code 0). When children or births are the unit of analysis, this variable describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all children of the mother to be coded the same way. 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Woman currently postpartum abstaining 423. Have you begun to have sexual intercourse again since the birth of (NAME)? [ONLY ASK FOR MOST RECENT BIRTH] YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 425) PPABSTAINNOW (V406) reports whether the woman is currently postpartum abstaining from sex. This variable is created from the maternity history by checking if the respondent has resumed sexual relations since her last birth. Women who did not have births in the last three to five years are automatically reported as not currently abstaining, and coded "No" (code 0). When children or births are the unit of analysis, this variable describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all children of the mother to be coded the same way. 0 No 1 Yes General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Number of children in maternity history 402. ENTER THE LINE NUMBER, NAME, AND SURVIVAL STATUS FOR EACH BIRTH SINCE JANUARY 1994 IN THE REPRODUCTION TABLE. ASK THE QUESTIONS FOR ALL BIRTHS BEGINNING WITH THE LAST BIRTH. (IF THERE ARE MORE THAN 2 BIRTHS, USE LAST COLUMN OF ADDITIONAL QUESTIONNAIRES.) MATERNITYIDX (V417) reports the number of entries in the pregnancy and postnatal care history for a female respondent. This number is typically equal to the number of births in the three (BIRTHSTOT3YR (V238)) or five (BIRTHSIN5YRS (V208) years before the survey. While there is, theoretically, no limit to the number of births recorded in BIRTHSTOT3YR and BIRTHSIN5YRS, MATERNITYIDX is actually limited to the number of columns that can be completed on the survey form. In most cases, MATERNITYIDX is capped at six. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Number of children in immunization/health history SECTION 4B. VACCINATION AND HEALTH 440. WRITE THE LINE NUMBER, NAME, AND SURVIVAL STATUS OF EACH BIRTH SINCE JANUARY 1994 RECORDED IN THE REPRODUCTION TABLE. ASK THE QUESTIONS FOR EACH BIRTH STARTING WITH THE MOST RECENT. (IF THERE ARE MORE THAN 2 BIRTHS, USE AN ADDITIONAL QUESTIONNAIRE.) [441-465 ARE REPEATED FOR EACH BIRTH, BEGINNING WITH THE MOST RECENT BIRTH. IF MORE THAN 2 BIRTHS, USE LAST COLUMN OF ADDITIONAL QUESTIONNAIRES.] HEALTHIDX (V418) reports the number of entries (number of children) in the health or immunization history. This number is typically equal to the number of births in the three (BIRTHSTOT3YR (V238)) or five (BIRTHSIN5YRS (V208) years before the survey. While there is, theoretically, no limit to the number of births recorded in BIRTHSTOT3YR and BIRTHSIN5YRS, HEALTHIDX is actually limited to the number of columns that can be completed on the survey form. In most cases, HEALTHIDX is capped at six. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Number of children in height and weight table 1002. LINE NUMBER ACCORDING TO 212. [FOR CHILDREN ONLY] _____ BIOIDX (V419) reports the number of entries (number of children) in the height and weight table. This number is typically equal to the number of births in the three (BIRTHSTOT3YR (V238)) or five (BIRTHSIN5YRS (V208) years before the survey. While there is, theoretically, no limit to the number of births recorded in BIRTHSTOT3YR and BIRTHSIN5YRS, BIOIDX is actually limited to the number of columns on the survey form that can be completed. In most cases, BIOIDX is capped at six. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Times mother breastfed last child during previous night 432. How many times did you breastfeed last night between sunset and sunrise? IF ANSWER IS NOT NUMERIC, PROBE FOR APPROXIMATE ANSWER. NUMBER OF NIGHTTIME FEEDINGS _____ For women who gave birth in the last three to five years and whose last-born child is still breastfeeding, BFEEDNITE (V407) reports how many times the mother breastfed that child the previous night between sunset and sunrise. When women are the unit of analysis, IPUMS-DHS users may also use BRSFEDNITE_01 (M35_01), which reports how many times the woman breastfed her last-born child the previous night. When children are the unit of analysis, BFEEDNITE describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all young children of the mother to be coded the same way. Thus, a response of a certain number of times in BFEEDNITE does not necessarily indicate that a particular child whose record is being analyzed was breastfed that many times during the previous night. IPUMS-DHS users should instead employ, when available, the variable BRSFEDNITE (M35) to determine how many times the specific child under analysis was breastfed during the previous night. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40+ 96 On demand 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Times mother breastfed last child during previous day 433. How many times did you breastfeed yesterday during the daylight hours? IF ANSWER IS NOT NUMERIC, PROBE FOR APPROXIMATE ANSWER. NUMBER OF DAYTIME FEEDINGS _____ For women who gave birth in the last three to five years and whose last-born child is still breastfeeding, BFEEDAY (V408) reports how many times the mother breastfed that child the previous day during daylight hours. When women are the unit of analysis, IPUMS-DHS users may also use BRSFEDAY_01 (M36_01), which reports how many times the woman breastfed her last-born child the previous day during daylight hours. When children are the unit of analysis, BFEEDAY describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all young children of the mother to be coded the same way. Thus, a response of a certain number of times in BFEEDAY does not necessarily indicate that a child whose record is being analyzed was personally breastfed that many times during the previous day. IPUMS-DHS users should instead employ, when available, the variable BRSFEDAY (M36) to determine how many times the specific child under analysis was breastfed during the previous day. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40+ 95 On demand, non-numeric response 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Mother fed last-born child from bottle with nipple in last day or night 434. Did (NAME) drink anything from a bottle yesterday or last night? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years and whose last-born child is still alive, BOTTLE24H (V415) indicates whether the last-born child drank anything from a bottle with a nipple during the previous day and night. When women are the unit of analysis, IPUMS-DHS users may also use BRSFEDBOT_01 (M38_01), which also indicates whether the woman gave her last-born child anything from a bottle with a nipple during the previous day and night. When children are the unit of analysis, BOTTLE24H describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all young children of the mother to be coded the same way. If the mother reported that she fed her last-born child with a bottle with a nipple during the previous day or night, all of her children in the data are coded as "yes," including any children who have died or who live elsewhere. When children are the unit of analysis, a positive response in BOTTLE24H thus does not necessarily indicate that a particular child was actually fed with a bottle with a nipple during the previous day or night. IPUMS-DHS users should instead employ, when available, the variable BRSFEDBOT (M38) to determine whether the specific child in question actually drank anything from a bottle with a nipple during the previous day and night. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Woman currently breastfeeding any child 428. Are you still breastfeeding (NAME)? YES 1 (GO TO 432) NO 2 BFEEDANYNOW (V404) indicates whether the woman is currently breastfeeding. If no child was born in the last three to five years, the respondent is assumed to not be breastfeeding. When children or births are the unit of analysis, this variable describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all children of the mother to be coded the same way. This variable has some variation in how current breastfeeding is determined. See Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS When mother first put last-born child to breast 426. How long after birth did you first put (NAME) to the breast? IF LESS THAN 1 HOUR, RECORD '00' HOURS. IF LESS THAN 24 HOURS, RECORD HOURS. OTHERWISE, RECORD DAYS. IMMEDIATELY 000 HOURS 1 _____ DAYS 2 _____ For women who gave birth in the last three to five years and breastfed their last-born child, BFEEDST (V426) reports the length of time between the birth and when the woman first breastfed her last-born child. Following DHS convention, intervals reported in hours are coded with a "1" in the first digit, and intervals reported in days are coded with a "2" in the first digit. When women are the unit of analysis, IPUMS-DHS users may also use BRSFEDST_01 (M34_1), which also reports the length of time between the birth and when the woman first breastfed her child (for the last birth). When children are the unit of analysis, BFEEDST describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all young children of the mother to be coded the same way. Thus, a response of a certain number of hours or days in BFEEDST does not necessarily indicate that a particular child whose record is being analyzed was first breastfed after that amount of time. IPUMS-DHS users should instead employ, when available, the variable BRSFEDST (M34) to determine the length of time between the specific child's birth and when that child was first breastfed. 000 Immediately 100 Within first hour 101 1 hour 102 2 hours 103 3 hours 104 4 hours 105 5 hours 106 6 hours 107 7 hours 108 8 hours 109 9 hours 110 10 hours 111 11 hours 112 12 hours 113 13 hours 114 14 hours 115 15 hours 116 16 hours 117 17 hours 118 18 hours 119 19 hours 120 20 hours 121 21 hours 122 22 hours 123 23 hours 124 24 hours 125 25 hours 126 26 hours 127 27 hours 128 28 hours 129 29 hours 130 30 hours 131 31 hours 132 32 hours 133 33 hours 134 34 hours 135 35 hours 136 36 hours 137 37 hours 138 38 hours 139 39 hours 140 40 hours 141 41 hours 142 42 hours 143 43 hours 144 44 hours 145 45 hours 146 46 hours 147 47 hours 148 48 hours 149 49 hours 150 50 hours 151 51 hours 152 52 hours 153 53 hours 154 54 hours 155 55 hours 156 56 hours 157 57 hours 158 58 hours 159 59 hours 160 60 hours 161 61 hours 162 62 hours 163 63 hours 164 64 hours 165 65 hours 166 66 hours 167 67 hours 168 68 hours 169 69 hours 170 70 hours 171 71 hours 172 72 hours 173 73 hours 174 74 hours 175 75 hours 176 76 hours 177 77 hours 178 78 hours 179 79 hours 180 80 hours 181 81 hours 182 82 hours 183 83 hours 184 84 hours 185 85 hours 186 86 hours 187 87 hours 188 88 hours 189 89 hours 190 90 hours 199 Hours: Number missing 200 Within first day 201 1 day 202 2 days 203 3 days 204 4 days 205 5 days 206 6 days 207 7 days 208 8 days 209 9 days 210 10 days 211 11 days 212 12 days 213 13 days 214 14 days 215 15 days 216 16 days 217 17 days 218 18 days 219 19 days 220 20 days 221 21 days 222 22 days 223 23 days 224 24 days 225 25 days 226 26 days 227 27 days 228 28 days 229 29 days 230 30 days 231 31 days 232 32 days 233 33 days 234 34 days 235 35 days 236 36 days 237 37 days 238 38 days 239 39 days 240 40 days 241 41 days 242 42 days 243 43 days 244 44 days 245 45 days 246 46 days 247 47 days 248 48 days 249 49 days 250 50 days 251 51 days 252 52 days 253 53 days 254 54 days 255 55 days 256 56 days 257 57 days 258 58 days 259 59 days 260 60 days 261 61 days 262 62 days 263 63 days 264 64 days 265 65 days 266 66 days 267 67 days 268 68 days 269 69 days 270 70 days 271 71 days 272 72 days 273 73 days 274 74 days 275 75 days 276 76 days 277 77 days 278 78 days 279 79 days 280 80 days 281 81 days 282 82 days 283 83 days 284 84 days 285 85 days 286 86 days 287 87 days 288 88 days 289 89 days 290 90 days 299 Days: Number missing 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Heard of ORS for diarrhea treatment 470. Have you ever heard of a product called ORS/OVIDA you can get for the treatment of diarrhea? YES 1 NO 2 DIATRORSHEARD (V416) indicates whether the woman ever heard of using an oral rehydration solution (ORS) to treat diarrhea. ORS generally consists of drinking water with the addition of sugar and salt (in a homemade solution) or a commercial mixture of salt, glucose, potassium chloride, and sodium bicarbonate added to clean water. 10 No 20 Yes 21 Used ORS 22 Heard of ORS 23 Recognized ORS packet 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) ORS treatment Variables -- TOPICS Amount children should be given to eat with diarrhea 466. When a child has diarrhea, should he/she be given less than usual to eat, about the same amount as usual, or more than usual? LESS TO EAT 1 ABOUT THE SAME 2 MORE TO EAT 3 DOESN'T KNOW 8 DIASHOULDEAT (V449) reports the respondent's beliefs about the amount of food a child with diarrhea should be given (more, less, or same amount as usual). 1 Less to eat 2 Same amount to eat 3 More to eat 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Amount children should be given to drink with diarrhea 465. When a child has diarrhea, should he/she be given less than usual to drink, about the same amount as usual, or more than usual? LESS TO DRINK 1 ABOUT THE SAME 2 MORE TO DRINK 3 DOESN'T KNOW 8 DIASHOULDRINK (V448) reports the respondent's beliefs about the amount of fluid a child with diarrhea should be given (more, less, or same amount as usual). 1 Less to drink 2 Same amount to drink 3 More to drink 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Repeated watery stools 467. When a child suffers from diarrhea, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. REPEATED LIQUID STOOLS A LIQUID STOOLS B REPEATED VOMITING C VOMITING D BLOOD IN STOOL E FEVER F PRONOUNCED THIRST G DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z DIATRREPWATERY indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that repeated watery stools indicated a child sick with diarrhea should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, repeated watery stools 8 Missing Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Any watery stools 467. When a child suffers from diarrhea, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. REPEATED LIQUID STOOLS A LIQUID STOOLS B REPEATED VOMITING C VOMITING D BLOOD IN STOOL E FEVER F PRONOUNCED THIRST G DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z DIATRANYWATERY (V450B) indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that any watery stools indicated a child sick with diarrhea should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, any watery stools 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Repeated vomiting 467. When a child suffers from diarrhea, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. REPEATED LIQUID STOOLS A LIQUID STOOLS B REPEATED VOMITING C VOMITING D BLOOD IN STOOL E FEVER F PRONOUNCED THIRST G DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z DIATRREPVOMIT (V450C) indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that repeated vomiting indicated a child sick with diarrhea should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, repeated vomiting 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Any vomiting 467. When a child suffers from diarrhea, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. REPEATED LIQUID STOOLS A LIQUID STOOLS B REPEATED VOMITING C VOMITING D BLOOD IN STOOL E FEVER F PRONOUNCED THIRST G DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z DIATRANYVOMIT indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that any vomiting indicated a child sick with diarrhea should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, any vomiting 8 Missing Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Blood in stools 467. When a child suffers from diarrhea, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. REPEATED LIQUID STOOLS A LIQUID STOOLS B REPEATED VOMITING C VOMITING D BLOOD IN STOOL E FEVER F PRONOUNCED THIRST G DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z DIATRBLOODST (V450E) indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, blood in stools indicated a child sick with diarrhea should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, blood in stools 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Fever 467. When a child suffers from diarrhea, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. REPEATED LIQUID STOOLS A LIQUID STOOLS B REPEATED VOMITING C VOMITING D BLOOD IN STOOL E FEVER F PRONOUNCED THIRST G DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z DIATRFEVER (V450F) indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that fever indicated a child sick with diarrhea should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, fever 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Marked thirst 467. When a child suffers from diarrhea, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. REPEATED LIQUID STOOLS A LIQUID STOOLS B REPEATED VOMITING C VOMITING D BLOOD IN STOOL E FEVER F PRONOUNCED THIRST G DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z DIATRTHIRST (V450G) indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that marked thirst indicated a child sick with diarrhea should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, marked thirst 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Not eating or drinking well 467. When a child suffers from diarrhea, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. REPEATED LIQUID STOOLS A LIQUID STOOLS B REPEATED VOMITING C VOMITING D BLOOD IN STOOL E FEVER F PRONOUNCED THIRST G DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z DIATRNOTEAT (V450H) indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that not eating or not drinking well indicated a child sick with diarrhea should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, not eating well 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Getting sicker or very sick 467. When a child suffers from diarrhea, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. REPEATED LIQUID STOOLS A LIQUID STOOLS B REPEATED VOMITING C VOMITING D BLOOD IN STOOL E FEVER F PRONOUNCED THIRST G DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z DIATRSICKER indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that the child getting sicker or being very sick from diarrhea indicated s/he should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, getting sicker 8 Missing Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Not getting better 467. When a child suffers from diarrhea, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. REPEATED LIQUID STOOLS A LIQUID STOOLS B REPEATED VOMITING C VOMITING D BLOOD IN STOOL E FEVER F PRONOUNCED THIRST G DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z DIATRNOTBETR (V450J) indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that not getting better indicated a child sick with diarrhea should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, not getting better 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Other 467. When a child suffers from diarrhea, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. REPEATED LIQUID STOOLS A LIQUID STOOLS B REPEATED VOMITING C VOMITING D BLOOD IN STOOL E FEVER F PRONOUNCED THIRST G DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z DIATROTHER (V450X) indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, some "other" indication that a child sick with diarrhea should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. The meaning of "other" depends on the specific responses included for a given survey. 0 No 1 Yes, other 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Don't know 467. When a child suffers from diarrhea, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. REPEATED LIQUID STOOLS A LIQUID STOOLS B REPEATED VOMITING C VOMITING D BLOOD IN STOOL E FEVER F PRONOUNCED THIRST G DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z DIATRDK indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that she did not know any signs that a child sick with diarrhea should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, don't know 8 Missing Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs cough needs treatment: Fast breathing 468. When a child suffers from a cough, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RAPID BREATHING A DIFFICULTY BREATHING B NOISY BREATHING C FEVER D UNABLE TO DRINK E DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z COUTRFASTBREATH indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that fast breathing indicated a child sick with a cough should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, fast breathing 8 Missing Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs cough needs treatment: Difficult breathing 468. When a child suffers from a cough, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RAPID BREATHING A DIFFICULTY BREATHING B NOISY BREATHING C FEVER D UNABLE TO DRINK E DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z COUTRDIFBREATH indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that difficulty breathing indicated a child sick with a cough should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, difficult breathing 8 Missing Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs cough needs treatment: Noisy breathing 468. When a child suffers from a cough, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RAPID BREATHING A DIFFICULTY BREATHING B NOISY BREATHING C FEVER D UNABLE TO DRINK E DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z COUTRNOISBREATH indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that noisy breathing indicated that a child sick with a cough should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, noisy breathing 8 Missing Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs cough needs treatment: Fever 468. When a child suffers from a cough, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RAPID BREATHING A DIFFICULTY BREATHING B NOISY BREATHING C FEVER D UNABLE TO DRINK E DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z COUTRFEVER indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that fever indicated a child sick with a cough should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, fever 8 Missing Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs cough needs treatment: Unable to drink 468. When a child suffers from a cough, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RAPID BREATHING A DIFFICULTY BREATHING B NOISY BREATHING C FEVER D UNABLE TO DRINK E DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z COUTRNOTDRINK indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that being unable to drink/nurse indicated a child sick with a cough should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, unable to drink 8 Missing Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs cough needs treatment: Not eat/drink 468. When a child suffers from a cough, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RAPID BREATHING A DIFFICULTY BREATHING B NOISY BREATHING C FEVER D UNABLE TO DRINK E DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z COUTRNOTEAT indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that not eating or not drinking well indicated a child sick with a cough should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, not eat/drink 8 Missing Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs cough needs treatment: Getting sicker 468. When a child suffers from a cough, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RAPID BREATHING A DIFFICULTY BREATHING B NOISY BREATHING C FEVER D UNABLE TO DRINK E DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z COUTRSICKER indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that the child getting sicker or being very sick from illness with a cough indicated the child should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, getting sicker 8 Missing Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs cough needs treatment: Not getting better 468. When a child suffers from a cough, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RAPID BREATHING A DIFFICULTY BREATHING B NOISY BREATHING C FEVER D UNABLE TO DRINK E DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z COUTRNOTBETR indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that not getting better indicated a child sick with a cough should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, not getting better 8 Missing Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs cough needs treatment: Other 468. When a child suffers from a cough, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RAPID BREATHING A DIFFICULTY BREATHING B NOISY BREATHING C FEVER D UNABLE TO DRINK E DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z COUTROTHER indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, some "other" indication that a child sick with a cough should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. The meaning of "other" depends on the specific responses included for a given survey. 0 No 1 Yes, other 8 Missing Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs cough needs treatment: Don't know 468. When a child suffers from a cough, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RAPID BREATHING A DIFFICULTY BREATHING B NOISY BREATHING C FEVER D UNABLE TO DRINK E DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z COUTRDK indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that she did not know any indication that a child sick with a cough should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No, knows some sign 1 Yes, doesn't know any sign 8 Missing Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Code of person measuring children's height and weight 1011. NAME OF OPERATOR: _________ NAME OF ASSISTANT: ___________ For women who gave birth in the three to five years before the survey, BIOMEASCODE (V420) reports the code assigned to the person measuring their children's height and weight. Codes are sample-specific; a given numeric code in one sample refers to a different person than the same numeric code in another sample. Using the measurer and assistant measurer (BIOASSTMEASCODE (V421)) codes, researchers can evaluate whether the quality of responses (e.g., the number of "out of range" cases) depended on the person measuring the children. 99999 NIU (not in universe) 99998 Missing 99997 Don't know 99996 Inconsistent 99995 No living children under 5 Female biometrics, general Variables -- TOPICS Code of assistant measurer 1011. NAME OF OPERATOR: _________ NAME OF ASSISTANT: ___________ For women who gave birth in the three to five years before the survey, BIOASSTMEASCODE (V421) reports the code assigned to the assistant measurer of their children's height and weight. Codes are sample-specific; a given numeric code in one sample refers to a different person than the same numeric code in another sample. Using the measurer (BIOMEASCODE (V420)) and assistant measurer codes, researchers can evaluate whether the quality of responses (e.g., the number of "out of range" cases) depended on the person measuring the children. 9992 Child's mother 9993 Household member 9994 Other 9995 No living children under 5 9996 Inconsistent 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Female biometrics, general Variables -- TOPICS Weight of woman (kilos) 1008. WEIGHT (IN KILOGRAMS) KG ____ WEIGHTFEM (V437) reports the woman's weight as measured by DHS personnel. There is one implied decimal place in the weight. Dividing WEIGHTFEM by 10 will yield the woman's measured weight in kilograms. 9994 Not present 9995 Refused 9996 Other 9997 Out of plausible range 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Height of woman in centimeters 1006. HEIGHT (IN CENTIMETERS) CM _____ HEIGHTFEM (V438) reports the woman's height as measured by DHS personnel. HEIGHTFEM values are reported in millimeters, to preserve one centimeter decimal place without requiring the use of a decimal point. Dividing HEIGHTFEM by 10 will yield the woman's measured height in centimeters. 9994 Not present 9995 Refused 9996 Other 9997 Out of plausible range 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Height for age percentile for respondents to women's survey 1006. HEIGHT (IN CENTIMETERS) CM _____ BIOFHTAPCT (V439) reports the respondent's height-for-age percentile, based on smoothed percentile growth charts by age and sex developed by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control. The reference standard contains data for children up to age 18. For all women age 18 and over, the value for 215 months (17 years, 11 months) is used, based on the assumption that women are fully grown by age18. HEIGHTFEM (V438) reports the respondent's length or height as measured by DHS personnel. 9995 Flagged cases 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Height for age standard deviations from the reference median (for respondents to female survey) 1006. HEIGHT (IN CENTIMETERS) CM _____ BIOFHTASDRM (V440) reports the difference between the respondent's height and the median height of a reference population of the same age and sex, expressed in units equal to one standard deviation of the reference population's distribution. An anthropometry measure expressed in reference standard deviation units is also known as a Z-score. BIOFHTASDRM values are reported in units equal to 100 times the Z-score, to preserve two decimal places without requiring the use of a decimal point. Dividing BIOFHTASDRM by 100 will yield the height-for-age Z-score (HAZ) value. The reference standard contains data for children up to age 18. For all women age 18 and over, the value of 215 months (17 years, 11 months) is used, based on the assumption that women are fully grown by age 18. HEIGHTFEM (V438) reports the respondent's length or height, as measured by DHS personnel. The complementary DHS variable BIOFHTAPCT (V439) reports the respondent's height-for-age percentile within the same reference population used in BIOFHTASDRM. The complementary DHS variable BIOFHTAPCTRM (V441) reports the respondent's height-for-age as a percentage of the median of the same reference population. Unlike z-scores, percentiles do not allow comparison across age and sex and cannot assess longitudinal change in growth status. 9995 Flagged cases 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Height for Age percent of reference median for respondents to female survey 1006. HEIGHT (IN CENTIMETERS) CM _____ BIOFHTAPCTRM (V441) reports the respondent's height-for-age as a percent of the median height for a reference population of the same age and sex. For this variable, the reference population was developed by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control. The reference standard contains data for children up to age 18. For all women age 18 and over, the value of 215 months (17 years, 11 months) is used, based on the assumption that women are fully grown by age 18. HEIGHTFEM (V438) reports the respondent's length or height as measured by DHS personnel. The related variable BIOFHTAPCT (V439) reports the respondent's height-for-age percentile relative to smoothed percentile growth charts by age and sex, for the same reference population. 99995 Flagged cases 99998 Missing 99999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Weight for height percent of reference median (DHS) (respondents to women's survey) 1008. WEIGHT (IN KILOGRAMS) KG ____ BIOFWTHTRMDHS (V442) reports the respondent's weight-for-height as a percent of the median weight for a reference population of the same height. For this variable, the reference population was developed by the DHS Program. This index has been adjusted for pregnant women according to duration of pregnancy. The following variables report the respondent's weight for height as a percent of the median weight for different reference populations: BIOFWTHTRMFOG (V443) uses Metropolitan Life or Fogarty reference standards BIOFWTHTRMWHO (V444) uses WHO reference standards 99995 Flagged cases 99998 Missing 99999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Weight for height percent of reference median (MetLife or Fogarty) (respondents to women's survey) 1008. WEIGHT (IN KILOGRAMS) KG ____ BIOFWTHTRMFOG (V443) reports the respondent's weight-for-height as a percent of the median weight for a reference population of the same height. This variable uses the Metropolitan Life or Fogarty reference standard. This index has been adjusted for pregnant women according to duration of pregnancy. The following variables report the respondent's weight for height as a percent of the median weight for different reference populations: BIOFWTHTRMDHS (V442) uses a DHS reference standard BIOFWTHTRMWHO (V444) uses the WHO reference standard 99995 Flagged cases 99998 Missing 99999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Weight for height percent of reference median (WHO) (respondents to women's survey) 1008. WEIGHT (IN KILOGRAMS) KG ____ BIOFWTHTRMWHO (V444) reports the respondent's weight-for-height as a percent of the median weight for a reference population of the same height. This variable uses the World Health Organization (WHO) reference standard. This index has been adjusted for pregnant women according to duration of pregnancy. The following variables report the respondent's weight for height as a percent of the median weight for different reference populations: BIOFWTHTRMDHS (V442) uses a DHS reference standard BIOFWTHTRMFOG (V444) uses the Metropolitan Life or Fogarty reference standard 99995 Flagged cases 99998 Missing 99999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Weight for height standard deviations from the reference median (DHS) (respondents to female survey) 1008. WEIGHT (IN KILOGRAMS) KG ____ BIOFWTHTSDRM (V444A) reports the difference between the respondent's weight and the median weight of a reference population of the same height and sex, expressed in units equal to one standard deviation of the reference population's distribution. This variable uses a DHS reference standard. An anthropometry measure expressed in reference standard deviation units is also known as a Z-score. BIOFWTHTSDRM values are reported in units equal to 100 times the Z-score, to preserve two decimal places without requiring the use of a decimal point. Dividing BIOFWTHTSDRM by 100 will yield the height-for-age Z-score (HAZ) value. The complementary DHS variable BIOFWTHTPCTDHS (V442) reports weight-for-height percentiles within the same reference population. Unlike z-scores, percentiles do not allow comparison across age and sex and cannot assess longitudinal change in growth status; users are advised to consult anthropometry literature for further discussion. 9995 Flagged cases 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Body Mass Index (BMI) for respondents to the women's survey 1008. WEIGHT (IN KILOGRAMS) KG ____ BIOFBMI (V445) reports the female respondent's body mass index (BMI). BMI is an anthropometric measure relating weight to height, equal to body weight (kilograms) divided by height (meters) squared (W/(H^2)). Also known as the Quetelet Index, BMI is a measure of acute nutritional status, based on the Fogarty Metropolitan Life tables of ideal weight for height. The DHS Guide to Statistics offers the following guidelines for interpreting BMI scores for women age 15-49: Severely thin: less than 16.0 Moderately thin: 16.0 to 16.9 Mildly thin: 17.0 to 18.4 Normal: 18.5 to 24.9 Overweight: 25.0 to 29.9 Obese: 30.0 or more The original height and weight values used to calculate BMI are also included in IPUMS-DHS. WEIGHTFEM (V437) reports the respondent's weight in kilograms, as measured by DHS personnel; HEIGHTFEM (V438) reports the person's length or height in centimeters, as measured by DHS personnel. For an alternate measure of female nutrition, IPUMS-DHS users may also be interested in BIOFROHRER (V446), which reports the respondent's Rohrer's Index. This measure is equal to body weight (kilograms) divided by height (meters) cubed (W/(H^3)). 9995 Flagged cases 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Rohrer's index (mass/height cubed) (for respondents to female survey) 1008. WEIGHT (IN KILOGRAMS) KG ____ BIOFROHRER (V446) reports the respondent's Rohrer's Index. Rohrer's Index is an anthropometric measure relating weight to height, equal to body weight (kilograms) divided by height (meters) cubed (W/(H^3)). Rohrer's Index is a measure of acute nutritional status, and may be used as an alternative to Body Mass Index. The original height and weight values used to calculate Rohrer's Index are also included in IPUMS-DHS. WEIGHTFEM (V437) reports the respondent's weight in kilograms as measured by DHS personnel; HEIGHTFEM (V438) reports their length or height in centimeters as measured by DHS personnel. For an alternate measure of female nutrition, IPUMS-DHS users may also be interested in BIOFBMI (V445), which reports the respondent's Body Mass Index (BMI), which is equal to body weight (kilograms) divided by height (meters) squared (W/(H^2)). 9995 Flagged cases 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Result of measurement of the respondent 1010. RESULT FOR MOTHER MEASURED 1 ABSENT 3 REFUSED 4 OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ 6 RESULT FOR CHILDREN CHILD MEASURED 1 CHILD SICK 2 CHILD ABSENT 3 CHILD REFUSED 4 MOTHER REFUSED 5 OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ 6 BIOFWHYNOTMEAS (V447) indicates whether the respondent was measured for height and weight, or, if not, why she was not measured. All "Not measured" responses have a common first digit of "1," while the second digit reveals the reason (e.g., sick, not present, refused). 00 Measured 10 Not measured 11 Sick 12 Not present 13 Refused 14 Incapacitated 15 Technical problems 19 Other 20 No measurement found in household 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 KIDSEX (B4) reports the sex of the child. 1 Male 2 Female Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 219) KIDALIVE (B5) reports whether the child was alive or dead at the time of interview. 0 No 1 Yes Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ KIDBIRTHMO (B1) reports the child's month of birth, according to the Gregorian calendar. 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ KIDBIRTHYR (B2) reports the child's year of birth, according to the Gregorian calendar. 1948 1948 1949 1949 1950 1950 1951 1951 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 2017 2017 2018 2018 Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ KIDAGEINFO (B10) reports the completeness of information about the child's age and date of birth. 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 98 Missing Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years 217. IF ALIVE: How old was (NAME) at his/her last birthday? RECORD AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS. AGE IN YEARS _____ KIDCURAGE (B8) reports the current age of the child, in years, at the time of the survey. 00 Less than 1 year 01 1 year 02 2 years 03 3 years 04 4 years 05 5 years 06 6 years 07 7 years 08 8 years 09 9 years 10 10 years 11 11 years 12 12 years 13 13 years 14 14 years 15 15 years 16 16 years 17 17 years 18 18 years 19 19 years 20 20 years 21 21 years 22 22 years 23 23 years 24 24 years 25 25 years 26 26 years 27 27 years 28 28 years 29 29 years 30 30 years 31 31 years 32 32 years 33 33 years 34 34 years 35 35 years 36 36 years 37 37 years 38 38 years 39 39 years 40 40 years 41 41 years 42 42 years 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ KIDDOBCMC (B3) reports the century month code for the date of birth of the child. KIDDOBCMC (B3) is a 4-digit variable. Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ KIDBORD (BORD) reports the birth order in which the child was born, from 1 to n, where 1 = the first child born to a mother, and the nth birth is the most recently born child. Up to 20 births could be reported by a woman. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Child is twin or single birth 213. Was (NAME) a single birth or part of a multiple birth? SING 1 MULT 2 KIDTWIN (B0) reports whether the child is a twin (or born in a multiple birth) or is a single birth. 10 Single birth/not a twin 20 Twin or multiple 21 1st of multiple births 22 2nd of multiple births 23 3rd of multiple births 24 4th of multiple births 25 5th of multiple births 26 6th of multiple births Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Child age at death (non-imputed) 219. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 _____ MONTHS 2 _____ YEARS 3 _____ For deceased children, KIDAGEDEATH (B6) reports the age of the child at death in days, months or years. The first digit of the codes indicates the time unit: 1 for days, 2 for months, 3 for years. 100 Days: Died on day of birth 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 131 31 days 132 32 days 133 33 days 134 34 days 135 35 days 136 36 days 137 37 days 138 38 days 139 39 days 140 40 days 141 41 days 142 42 days 143 43 days 144 44 days 145 45 days 198 Days, unknown 199 Days old, number missing 200 Months old: Month of birth 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 224 24 months 225 25 months 226 26 months 227 27 months 228 28 months 229 29 months 230 30 months 231 31 months 232 32 months 233 33 months 234 34 months 235 35 months 236 36 months 237 37 months 238 38 months 239 39 months 240 40 months 241 41 months 242 42 months 243 43 months 244 44 months 245 45 months 246 46 months 247 47 months 248 48 months 249 49 months 250 50 months 251 51 months 252 52 months 253 53 months 254 54 months 255 55 months 256 56 months 257 57 months 258 58 months 259 59 months 260 60 months 261 61 months 262 62 months 263 63 months 264 64 months 265 65 months 266 66 months 297 Months, inconsistent 298 Months, unknown 299 Months old, number missing 300 Years 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 331 31 years 332 32 years 333 33 years 334 34 years 335 35 years 336 36 years 337 37 years 338 38 years 339 39 years 340 40 years 397 Years old, number inconsistent 398 Years old, number unknown 399 Years old, number missing 997 Inconsistent 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in month (including imputed) 219. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 _____ MONTHS 2 _____ YEARS 3 _____ For deceased children, KIDAGEDIEDIMP (B7) reports the age of the child at death in months (including imputed ages). 999 NIU (not in universe) Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child KIDAGEDEATHFLAG (B13) reports the type of problem, if any, found when editing responses about the child's age at death (in KIDAGEDEATH). A code of 0 indicates no problem with the original response. 0 No flag 1 Reported age places death after interview 2 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 3 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 4 Reported age less than age first breastfed 5 Reported age before last vaccination 6 Reported age outside expected range for units 7 Reported age was imputed, units given 8 Reported age was imputed, units not given 9 NIU (not in universe) Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or with others 218. IF ALIVE: Is (NAME) living with you? YES 1 NO 2 GO TO NEXT BIRTH. KIDLIVESWITH (B9) reports the person the child usually lives with (i.e., the child's mother or someone else). 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceding birth interval, in months 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey who are not the first-born, or the twin of the first-born, child, BIRTHINTPREMO (B11) indicates the preceding birth interval, or the length of time in months the child was born after the mother's previous birth (i.e., after the child's first older sibling). 005 5 004 4 003 3 002 2 001 1 000 0 998 Missing 006 6 007 7 008 8 009 9 010 10 011 11 012 12 013 13 014 14 015 15 016 16 017 17 018 18 019 19 020 20 021 21 022 22 023 23 024 24 025 25 026 26 027 27 028 28 029 29 030 30 031 31 032 32 033 33 034 34 035 35 036 36 037 37 038 38 039 39 040 40 041 41 042 42 043 43 044 44 045 45 046 46 047 47 048 48 049 49 050 50 051 51 052 52 053 53 054 54 055 55 056 56 057 57 058 58 059 59 060 60 061 61 062 62 063 63 064 64 065 65 066 66 067 67 068 68 069 69 070 70 071 71 072 72 073 73 074 74 075 75 076 76 077 77 078 78 079 79 080 80 081 81 082 82 083 83 084 84 085 85 086 86 087 87 088 88 089 89 090 90 091 91 092 92 093 93 094 94 095 95 096 96 097 97 098 98 099 99 100 100 101 101 102 102 103 103 104 104 105 105 106 106 107 107 108 108 109 109 110 110 111 111 112 112 113 113 114 114 115 115 116 116 117 117 118 118 119 119 120 120 121 121 122 122 123 123 124 124 125 125 126 126 127 127 128 128 129 129 130 130 131 131 132 132 133 133 134 134 135 135 136 136 137 137 138 138 139 139 140 140 141 141 142 142 143 143 144 144 145 145 146 146 147 147 148 148 149 149 150 150 151 151 152 152 153 153 154 154 155 155 156 156 157 157 158 158 159 159 160 160 161 161 162 162 163 163 164 164 165 165 166 166 167 167 168 168 169 169 170 170 171 171 172 172 173 173 174 174 175 175 176 176 177 177 178 178 179 179 180 180 181 181 182 182 183 183 184 184 185 185 186 186 187 187 188 188 189 189 190 190 191 191 192 192 193 193 194 194 195 195 196 196 197 197 198 198 199 199 200 200 201 201 202 202 203 203 204 204 205 205 206 206 207 207 208 208 209 209 210 210 211 211 212 212 213 213 214 214 215 215 216 216 217 217 218 218 219 219 220 220 221 221 222 222 223 223 224 224 225 225 226 226 227 227 228 228 229 229 230 230 231 231 232 232 233 233 234 234 235 235 236 236 237 237 238 238 239 239 240 240 241 241 242 242 243 243 244 244 245 245 246 246 247 247 248 248 249 249 250 250 251 251 252 252 253 253 254 254 255 255 256 256 257 257 258 258 259 259 260 260 261 261 262 262 263 263 264 264 265 265 266 266 267 267 268 268 269 269 270 270 271 271 272 272 273 273 274 274 275 275 276 276 277 277 278 278 279 279 280 280 281 281 282 282 283 283 284 284 285 285 286 286 287 287 288 288 289 289 290 290 291 291 292 292 293 293 294 294 295 295 296 296 297 297 298 298 299 299 300 300 301 301 302 302 303 303 304 304 305 305 306 306 307 307 308 308 309 309 310 310 311 311 312 312 313 313 314 314 315 315 316 316 317 317 318 318 319 319 320 320 321 321 322 322 323 323 324 324 325 325 326 326 327 327 328 328 329 329 330 330 331 331 332 332 333 333 334 334 335 335 336 336 337 337 338 338 339 339 340 340 341 341 342 342 343 343 344 344 345 345 346 346 347 347 348 348 349 349 350 350 351 351 352 352 353 353 354 354 355 355 356 356 357 357 358 358 359 359 360 360 361 361 362 362 363 363 364 364 365 365 999 NIU (not in universe) Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey who are not the last-born, or twin of the last-born, child, BIRTHINTPOSTMO (B12) indicates the succeeding birth interval, or the length of time in months the child was born before the mother's next birth (or before the child's first younger sibling). 999 NIU (not in universe) Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Interval between birth and previous birth is 4+ years 220. SUBTRACT THE BIRTH YEAR OF (NAME) FROM THE YEAR OF THE PREVIOUS BIRTH. IS THE DIFFERENCE FOUR OR MORE YEARS? [NOTE: ONLY FOR BIRTHS 2 AND AFTER.] YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO NEXT BIRTH) For second- and higher-order births, BINT4YR (B14) indicates whether the time interval between that birth and the preceding birth was four or more years. The survey form included the question, "Were there any other live births between (NAME OF PREVIOUS BIRTH) and (NAME), including any children who died?" and left room to record the month and year of each birth. The DHS Recode Manual for Phase III describes how the calculation of the birth interval reported in this variable was done: This calculation is performed by the interviewer, purely in terms of years, ignoring the month of birth of each of the children. For example, a birth in April 1988 would be categorized as being four or more years after a birth in October 1984, even though there is actually less than four years between the births. The DHS Recode Manuals for Phases III and IV add the following note explaining the rationale for BINT4YR (B14): Variables B14 and B15 are questions used in the interview to try and ascertain if the respondent had omitted any live births while reporting her birth history. The birth history may have been modified during the interviewing process, and the responses may not now correspond to the interval between the birth and the preceding birth recorded in this section. The data have been included to help indicate cases where the respondent may have omitted live births while originally reporting the birth history. The omitted births should be included in this final version of the birth history. The related variables BIRTHINTPREMO (B11) and BIRTHINTPOSTMO (B12) report the finalized numbers, in months, for the length of the birth intervals preceding and following a birth, respectively. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Don't know 9 NIU (not in universe) Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Any other live births in interval between birth and previous reported birth 221. Were there any other live births between (NAME OF PREVIOUS BIRTH) and (NAME)? [ONLY FOR BIRTHS 2 AND AFTER] YES 1 NO 2 OTHBIRTHININT (B15) indicates whether there were any other live births in the interval between this birth and the previously reported birth. The survey form included the question, "Were there any other live births between (NAME OF PREVIOUS BIRTH) and (NAME), including any children who died?" For DHS Phase III only, OTHBIRTHININT (B15) is limited to "Births for which the interval between the birth and the previously reported birth was four or more years (B14 =1)," according to the Recode Manuals. For later Phases, the universe is all second- and higher-order births. The DHS Recode Manuals include the following explanatory note about this variable: Variables B14 and B15 are questions used in the interview to try and ascertain if the respondent had omitted any live births while reporting her birth history. The birth history may have been modified during the interviewing process, and the responses may not now correspond to the interval between the birth and the preceding birth recorded in this section. The data have been included to help indicate cases where the respondent may have omitted live births while originally reporting the birth history. The omitted births should be included in this final version of the birth history. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Don't know 9 NIU (not in universe) Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Soil type SOIL reports the predominant soil type within a 5-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The soil attributes reported in SOIL are: soil class (e.g., Leptosols), with 30 class categories, and soil type within that class (e.g., Lithic Leptosols). SOIL is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. SOIL is based on data from SoilGrids [URL omitted from DDI.]. SoilGrids is a system for automated soil mapping based on global soil profile and covariate data. There are 118 different soil types in the world according to SoilGrids [URL omitted from DDI.]. For the full list of codes and their meaning, see the soil legend [URL omitted from DDI.]. SOIL, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -998 Missing 0001 Haplic Acrisols 0002 Haplic Acrisols (Alumic) 0003 Haplic Acrisols (Ferric) 0004 Haplic Acrisols (Humic) 0005 Plinthic Acrisols 0006 Vetic Acrisols 0007 Haplic Albeluvisols 0008 Histic Albeluvisols 0009 Umbric Albeluvisols 0010 Cutanic Alisols 0011 Haplic Alisols 0012 Aluandic Andosols 0013 Haplic Andosols 0014 Vitric Andosols 0015 Albic Arenosols 0016 Ferralic Arenosols 0017 Haplic Arenosols 0018 Haplic Arenosols (Calcaric) 0019 Hypoluvic Arenosols 0020 Protic Arenosols 0021 Haplic Calcisols 0022 Haplic Calcisols (Sodic) 0023 Luvic Calcisols 0024 Petric Calcisols 0025 Endogleyic Cambisols 0026 Ferralic Cambisols 0027 Haplic Cambisols 0028 Haplic Cambisols (Calcaric) 0029 Haplic Cambisols (Chromic) 0030 Haplic Cambisols (Dystric) 0031 Haplic Cambisols (Eutric) 0032 Haplic Cambisols (Humic) 0033 Haplic Cambisols (Sodic) 0034 Leptic Cambisols 0035 Vertic Cambisols 0036 Calcic Chernozems 0037 Haplic Chernozems 0038 Luvic Chernozems 0039 Haplic Cryosols 0040 Turbic Cryosols 0041 Vitric Cryosols 0042 Petric Durisols 0043 Acric Ferralsols 0044 Haplic Ferralsols 0045 Haplic Ferralsols (Rhodic) 0046 Haplic Ferralsols (Xanthic) 0047 Umbric Ferralsols 0048 Haplic Fluvisols 0049 Haplic Fluvisols (Arenic) 0050 Haplic Fluvisols (Calcaric) 0051 Haplic Fluvisols (Dystric) 0052 Haplic Fluvisols (Eutric) 0053 Calcic Gleysols 0054 Haplic Gleysols 0055 Haplic Gleysols (Dystric) 0056 Haplic Gleysols (Eutric) 0057 Mollic Gleysols 0058 Umbric Gleysols 0059 Calcic Gypsisols 0060 Haplic Gypsisols 0061 Calcic Histosols 0062 Cryic Histosols 0063 Fibric Histosols 0064 Hemic Histosols 0065 Sapric Histosols 0066 Calcic Kastanozems 0067 Haplic Kastanozems 0068 Haplic Leptosols 0069 Haplic Leptosols (Eutric) 0070 Lithic Leptosols 0071 Mollic Leptosols 0072 Rendzic Leptosols 0073 Haplic Lixisols 0074 Haplic Lixisols (Chromic) 0075 Haplic Lixisols (Ferric) 0076 Albic Luvisols 0077 Calcic Luvisols 0078 Gleyic Luvisols 0079 Haplic Luvisols 0080 Haplic Luvisols (Chromic) 0081 Haplic Luvisols (Ferric) 0082 Leptic Luvisols 0083 Stagnic Luvisols 0084 Vertic Luvisols 0085 Alic Nitisols 0086 Haplic Nitisols (Rhodic) 0087 Haplic Phaeozems 0088 Leptic Phaeozems 0089 Luvic Phaeozems 0090 Endogleyic Planosols 0091 Haplic Planosols (Dystric) 0092 Haplic Planosols (Eutric) 0093 Luvic Planosols 0094 Solodic Planosols 0095 Acric Plinthosols 0096 Lixic Plinthosols 0097 Gleyic Podzols 0098 Haplic Podzols 0099 Aric Regosols 0100 Calcaric Regosols 0101 Haplic Regosols (Dystric) 0102 Haplic Regosols (Eutric) 0103 Haplic Regosols (Sodic) 0104 Leptic Regosols 0105 Gypsic Solonchaks 0106 Haplic Solonchaks 0107 Haplic Solonchaks (Sodic) 0108 Calcic Solonetz 0109 Gleyic Solonetz 0110 Haplic Solonetz 0111 Mollic Solonetz 0112 Luvic Stagnosols 0113 Haplic Umbrisols 0114 Leptic Umbrisols 0115 Calcic Vertisols 0116 Haplic Vertisols 0117 Haplic Vertisols (Eutric) 0118 Mollic Vertisols Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Ecoregion of household ECOREGION reports the predominant terrestrial ecoregion within a 5-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. ECOREGION reports the biogeographic region (e.g., Afrotropic), the habitat type (e.g., tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands), and the ecoregion (e.g., East Sudanian savanna) that are associated with each cluster location. ECOREGION is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. There are 825 terrestrial ecoregions in the world. Ecoregions are relatively large units of land containing distinct assemblages of natural communities and species, with boundaries that approximate the original extent of natural communities prior to major land-use change. The 5-digit codes in ECOREGION (e.g., 30129) include a 1-digit realm code (with 8 possible values), followed by a 2-digit biome code (with 14 possible values), and then a 2-digit ecoregion number. For the full list of codes and their meaning, see the ecoregion legend [URL omitted from DDI.]. ECOREGION, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -0998 Missing 10101 Admiralty Islands lowland rain forests 10102 Banda Sea Islands moist deciduous forests 10103 Biak-Numfoor rain forests 10104 Buru rain forests 10105 Central Range montane rain forests 10106 Halmahera rain forests 10107 Huon Peninsula montane rain forests 10108 Yapen rain forests 10109 Lord Howe Island subtropical forests 10110 Louisiade Archipelago rain forests 10111 New Britain-New Ireland lowland rain forests 10112 New Britain-New Ireland montane rain forests 10113 New Caledonia rain forests 10114 Norfolk Island subtropical forests 10115 Northern New Guinea lowland rain and freshwater swamp forests 10116 Northern New Guinea montane rain forests 10117 Queensland tropical rain forests 10118 Seram rain forests 10119 Solomon Islands rain forests 10120 Southeastern Papuan rain forests 10121 Southern New Guinea freshwater swamp forests 10122 Southern New Guinea lowland rain forests 10123 Sulawesi lowland rain forests 10124 Sulawesi montane rain forests 10125 Trobriand Islands rain forests 10126 Vanuatu rain forests 10127 Vogelkop montane rain forests 10128 Vogelkop-Aru lowland rain forests 10201 Lesser Sundas deciduous forests 10202 New Caledonia dry forests 10203 Sumba deciduous forests 10204 Timor and Wetar deciduous forests 10401 Chatham Island temperate forests 10402 Eastern Australian temperate forests 10403 Fiordland temperate forests 10404 Nelson Coast temperate forests 10405 North Island temperate forests 10406 Northland temperate kauri forests 10407 Rakiura Island temperate forests 10408 Richmond temperate forests 10409 Southeast Australia temperate forests 10410 South Island temperate forests 10411 Tasmanian Central Highland forests 10412 Tasmanian temperate forests 10413 Tasmanian temperate rain forests 10414 Westland temperate forests 10701 Arnhem Land tropical savanna 10702 Brigalow tropical savanna 10703 Cape York Peninsula tropical savanna 10704 Carpentaria tropical savanna 10705 Einasleigh upland savanna 10706 Kimberly tropical savanna 10707 Mitchell grass downs 10708 Trans Fly savanna and grasslands 10709 Victoria Plains tropical savanna 10801 Cantebury-Otago tussock grasslands 10802 Eastern Australia mulga shrublands 10803 Southeast Australia temperate savanna 11001 Australian Alps montane grasslands 11002 Central Range sub-alpine grasslands 11003 South Island montane grasslands 11101 Antipodes Subantarctic Islands tundra 11201 Coolgardie woodlands 11202 Esperance mallee 11203 Eyre and York mallee 11204 Jarrah-Karri forest and shrublands 11205 Swan Coastal Plain Scrub and Woodlands 11206 Mount Lofty woodlands 11207 Murray-Darling woodlands and mallee 11208 Naracoorte woodlands 11209 Southwest Australia savanna 11210 Southwest Australia woodlands 11301 Carnarvon xeric shrublands 11302 Central Ranges xeric scrub 11303 Gibson desert 11304 Great Sandy-Tanami desert 11305 Great Victoria desert 11306 Nullarbor Plains xeric shrublands 11307 Pilbara shrublands 11308 Simpson desert 11309 Tirari-Sturt stony desert 11310 Western Australian Mulga shrublands 11401 New Guinea mangroves 21101 Marielandia Antarctic tundra 21102 Maudlandia Antarctic desert 21103 Scotia Sea Islands tundra 21104 Southern Indian Ocean Islands tundra 30101 Albertine Rift montane forests 30102 Atlantic Equatorial coastal forests 30103 Cameroonian Highlands forests 30104 Central Congolian lowland forests 30105 Comoros forests 30106 Cross-Niger transition forests 30107 Cross-Sanaga-Bioko coastal forests 30108 East African montane forests 30109 Eastern Arc forests 30110 Eastern Congolian swamp forests 30111 Eastern Guinean forests 30112 Ethiopian montane forests 30113 Granitic Seychelles forests 30114 Guinean montane forests 30115 Knysna-Amatole montane forests 30116 KwaZulu-Cape coastal forest mosaic 30117 Madagascar lowland forests 30118 Madagascar subhumid forests 30119 Maputaland coastal forest mosaic 30120 Mascarene forests 30121 Mount Cameroon and Bioko montane forests 30122 Niger Delta swamp forests 30123 Nigerian lowland forests 30124 Northeastern Congolian lowland forests 30125 Northern Zanzibar-Inhambane coastal forest mosaic 30126 Northwestern Congolian lowland forests 30127 Sao Tome, Principe and Annobon moist lowland forests 30128 Southern Zanzibar-Inhambane coastal forest mosaic 30129 Western Congolian swamp forests 30130 Western Guinean lowland forests 30201 Cape Verde Islands dry forests 30202 Madagascar dry deciduous forests 30203 Zambezian Cryptosepalum dry forests 30701 Angolan Miombo woodlands 30702 Angolan Mopane woodlands 30703 Ascension scrub and grasslands 30704 Central Zambezian Miombo woodlands 30705 East Sudanian savanna 30706 Eastern Miombo woodlands 30707 Guinean forest-savanna mosaic 30708 Itigi-Sumbu thicket 30709 Kalahari Acacia-Baikiaea woodlands 30710 Mandara Plateau mosaic 30711 Northern Acacia-Commiphora bushlands and thickets 30712 Northern Congolian forest-savanna mosaic 30713 Sahelian Acacia savanna 30714 Serengeti volcanic grasslands 30715 Somali Acacia-Commiphora bushlands and thickets 30716 Southern Acacia-Commiphora bushlands and thickets 30717 Southern Africa bushveld 30718 Southern Congolian forest-savanna mosaic 30719 Southern Miombo woodlands 30720 St. Helena scrub and woodlands 30721 Victoria Basin forest-savanna mosaic 30722 West Sudanian savanna 30723 Western Congolian forest-savanna mosaic 30724 Western Zambezian grasslands 30725 Zambezian and Mopane woodlands 30726 Zambezian Baikiaea woodlands 30801 Al Hajar montane woodlands 30802 Amsterdam and Saint-Paul Islands temperate grasslands 30803 Tristan Da Cunha-Gough Islands shrub and grasslands 30901 East African halophytics 30902 Etosha Pan halophytics 30903 Inner Niger Delta flooded savanna 30904 Lake Chad flooded savanna 30905 Saharan flooded grasslands 30906 Zambezian coastal flooded savanna 30907 Zambezian flooded grasslands 30908 Zambezian halophytics 31001 Angolan montane forest-grassland mosaic 31002 Angolan scarp savanna and woodlands 31003 Drakensberg alti-montane grasslands and woodlands 31004 Drakensberg montane grasslands, woodlands and forests 31005 East African montane moorlands 31006 Eastern Zimbabwe montane forest-grassland mosaic 31007 Ethiopian montane grasslands and woodlands 31008 Ethiopian montane moorlands 31009 Highveld grasslands 31010 Jos Plateau forest-grassland mosaic 31011 Madagascar ericoid thickets 31012 Maputaland-Pondoland bushland and thickets 31013 Rwenzori-Virunga montane moorlands 31014 South Malawi montane forest-grassland mosaic 31015 Southern Rift montane forest-grassland mosaic 31201 Albany thickets 31202 Lowland fynbos and renosterveld 31203 Montane fynbos and renosterveld 31301 Aldabra Island xeric scrub 31302 Arabian Peninsula coastal fog desert 31303 East Saharan montane xeric woodlands 31304 Eritrean coastal desert 31305 Ethiopian xeric grasslands and shrublands 31306 Gulf of Oman desert and semi-desert 31307 Hobyo grasslands and shrublands 31308 Ile Europa and Bassas da India xeric scrub 31309 Kalahari xeric savanna 31310 Kaokoveld desert 31311 Madagascar spiny thickets 31312 Madagascar succulent woodlands 31313 Masai xeric grasslands and shrublands 31314 Nama Karoo 31315 Namib desert 31316 Namibian savanna woodlands 31318 Socotra Island xeric shrublands 31319 Somali montane xeric woodlands 31320 Southwestern Arabian foothills savanna 31321 Southwestern Arabian montane woodlands 31322 Succulent Karoo 31401 Central African mangroves 31402 East African mangroves 31403 Guinean mangroves 31404 Madagascar mangroves 31405 Southern Africa mangroves 40101 Andaman Islands rain forests 40102 Borneo lowland rain forests 40103 Borneo montane rain forests 40104 Borneo peat swamp forests 40105 Brahmaputra Valley semi-evergreen forests 40106 Cardamom Mountains rain forests 40107 Chao Phraya freshwater swamp forests 40108 Chao Phraya lowland moist deciduous forests 40109 Chin Hills-Arakan Yoma montane forests 40110 Christmas and Cocos Islands tropical forests 40111 Eastern highlands moist deciduous forests 40112 Eastern Java-Bali montane rain forests 40113 Eastern Java-Bali rain forests 40114 Greater Negros-Panay rain forests 40115 Himalayan subtropical broadleaf forests 40116 Irrawaddy freshwater swamp forests 40117 Irrawaddy moist deciduous forests 40118 Jian Nan subtropical evergreen forests 40119 Kayah-Karen montane rain forests 40120 Lower Gangetic Plains moist deciduous forests 40121 Luang Prabang montane rain forests 40122 Luzon montane rain forests 40123 Luzon rain forests 40124 Malabar Coast moist forests 40125 Maldives-Lakshadweep-Chagos Archipelago tropical moist forests 40126 Meghalaya subtropical forests 40127 Mentawai Islands rain forests 40128 Mindanao montane rain forests 40129 Mindanao-Eastern Visayas rain forests 40130 Mindoro rain forests 40131 Mizoram-Manipur-Kachin rain forests 40132 Myanmar coastal rain forests 40133 Nicobar Islands rain forests 40134 North Western Ghats moist deciduous forests 40135 North Western Ghats montane rain forests 40136 Northern Annamites rain forests 40137 Northern Indochina subtropical forests 40138 Northern Khorat Plateau moist deciduous forests 40139 Northern Thailand-Laos moist deciduous forests 40140 Northern Triangle subtropical forests 40141 Northern Vietnam lowland rain forests 40142 Orissa semi-evergreen forests 40143 Palawan rain forests 40144 Peninsular Malaysian montane rain forests 40145 Peninsular Malaysian peat swamp forests 40146 Peninsular Malaysian rain forests 40147 Red River freshwater swamp forests 40148 South China Sea Islands 40149 South China-Vietnam subtropical evergreen forests 40150 South Western Ghats moist deciduous forests 40151 South Western Ghats montane rain forests 40152 Southern Annamites montane rain forests 40153 Southwest Borneo freshwater swamp forests 40154 Sri Lanka lowland rain forests 40155 Sri Lanka montane rain forests 40156 Sulu Archipelago rain forests 40157 Sumatran freshwater swamp forests 40158 Sumatran lowland rain forests 40159 Sumatran montane rain forests 40160 Sumatran peat swamp forests 40161 Sundaland heath forests 40162 Sundarbans freshwater swamp forests 40163 Tenasserim-South Thailand semi-evergreen rain forests 40164 Tonle Sap freshwater swamp forests 40165 Tonle Sap-Mekong peat swamp forests 40166 Upper Gangetic Plains moist deciduous forests 40167 Western Java montane rain forests 40168 Western Java rain forests 40169 Hainan Island monsoon rain forests 40170 Nansei Islands subtropical evergreen forests 40171 South Taiwan monsoon rain forests 40172 Taiwan subtropical evergreen forests 40201 Central Deccan Plateau dry deciduous forests 40202 Central Indochina dry forests 40203 Chhota-Nagpur dry deciduous forests 40204 East Deccan dry-evergreen forests 40205 Irrawaddy dry forests 40206 Khathiar-Gir dry deciduous forests 40207 Narmada Valley dry deciduous forests 40208 Northern dry deciduous forests 40209 South Deccan Plateau dry deciduous forests 40210 Southeastern Indochina dry evergreen forests 40211 Southern Vietnam lowland dry forests 40212 Sri Lanka dry-zone dry evergreen forests 40301 Himalayan subtropical pine forests 40302 Luzon tropical pine forests 40303 Northeast India-Myanmar pine forests 40304 Sumatran tropical pine forests 40401 Eastern Himalayan broadleaf forests 40402 Northern Triangle temperate forests 40403 Western Himalayan broadleaf forests 40501 Eastern Himalayan subalpine conifer forests 40502 Western Himalayan subalpine conifer forests 40701 Terai-Duar savanna and grasslands 40901 Rann of Kutch seasonal salt marsh 41001 Kinabalu montane alpine meadows 41301 Deccan thorn scrub forests 41302 Indus Valley desert 41303 Northwestern thorn scrub forests 41304 Thar desert 41401 Goadavari-Krishna mangroves 41402 Indochina mangroves 41403 Indus River Delta-Arabian Sea mangroves 41404 Myanmar Coast mangroves 41405 Sunda Shelf mangroves 41406 Sundarbans mangroves 50201 Sonoran-Sinaloan transition subtropical dry forest 50301 Bermuda subtropical conifer forests 50302 Sierra Madre Occidental pine-oak forests 50303 Sierra Madre Oriental pine-oak forests 50401 Allegheny Highlands forests 50402 Appalachian mixed mesophytic forests 50403 Appalachian-Blue Ridge forests 50404 Central U.S. hardwood forests 50405 East Central Texas forests 50406 Eastern forest-boreal transition 50407 Eastern Great Lakes lowland forests 50408 Gulf of St. Lawrence lowland forests 50409 Mississippi lowland forests 50410 New England-Acadian forests 50411 Northeastern coastal forests 50412 Ozark Mountain forests 50413 Southeastern mixed forests 50414 Southern Great Lakes forests 50415 Upper Midwest forest-savanna transition 50416 Western Great Lakes forests 50417 Willamette Valley forests 50501 Alberta Mountain forests 50502 Alberta-British Columbia foothills forests 50503 Arizona Mountains forests 50504 Atlantic coastal pine barrens 50505 Blue Mountains forests 50506 British Columbia mainland coastal forests 50507 Cascade Mountains leeward forests 50508 Central and Southern Cascades forests 50509 Central British Columbia Mountain forests 50510 Central Pacific coastal forests 50511 Colorado Rockies forests 50512 Eastern Cascades forests 50513 Florida sand pine scrub 50514 Fraser Plateau and Basin complex 50515 Great Basin montane forests 50516 Klamath-Siskiyou forests 50517 Middle Atlantic coastal forests 50518 North Central Rockies forests 50519 Northern California coastal forests 50520 Northern Pacific coastal forests 50521 Northern transitional alpine forests 50522 Okanagan dry forests 50523 Piney Woods forests 50524 Puget lowland forests 50525 Queen Charlotte Islands 50526 Sierra Juarez and San Pedro Martir pine-oak forests 50527 Sierra Nevada forests 50528 South Central Rockies forests 50529 Southeastern conifer forests 50530 Wasatch and Uinta montane forests 50601 Alaska Peninsula montane taiga 50602 Central Canadian Shield forests 50603 Cook Inlet taiga 50604 Copper Plateau taiga 50605 Eastern Canadian forests 50606 Eastern Canadian Shield taiga 50607 Interior Alaska-Yukon lowland taiga 50608 Mid-Continental Canadian forests 50609 Midwestern Canadian Shield forests 50610 Muskwa-Slave Lake forests 50611 Newfoundland Highland forests 50612 Northern Canadian Shield taiga 50613 Northern Cordillera forests 50614 Northwest Territories taiga 50615 South Avalon-Burin oceanic barrens 50616 Southern Hudson Bay taiga 50617 Yukon Interior dry forests 50701 Western Gulf coastal grasslands 50801 California Central Valley grasslands 50802 Canadian Aspen forests and parklands 50803 Central and Southern mixed grasslands 50804 Central forest-grasslands transition 50805 Central tall grasslands 50806 Edwards Plateau savanna 50807 Flint Hills tall grasslands 50808 Montana Valley and Foothill grasslands 50809 Nebraska Sand Hills mixed grasslands 50810 Northern mixed grasslands 50811 Northern short grasslands 50812 Northern tall grasslands 50813 Palouse grasslands 50814 Texas blackland prairies 50815 Western short grasslands 51101 Alaska-St. Elias Range tundra 51102 Aleutian Islands tundra 51103 Arctic coastal tundra 51104 Arctic foothills tundra 51105 Baffin coastal tundra 51106 Beringia lowland tundra 51107 Beringia upland tundra 51108 Brooks-British Range tundra 51109 Davis Highlands tundra 51110 High Arctic tundra 51111 Interior Yukon-Alaska alpine tundra 51112 Kalaallit Nunaat high arctic tundra 51113 Kalaallit Nunaat low arctic tundra 51114 Low Arctic tundra 51115 Middle Arctic tundra 51116 Ogilvie-MacKenzie alpine tundra 51117 Pacific Coastal Mountain icefields and tundra 51118 Torngat Mountain tundra 51201 California coastal sage and chaparral 51202 California interior chaparral and woodlands 51203 California montane chaparral and woodlands 51301 Baja California desert 51302 Central Mexican matorral 51303 Chihuahuan desert 51304 Colorado Plateau shrublands 51305 Great Basin shrub steppe 51306 Gulf of California xeric scrub 51307 Meseta Central matorral 51308 Mojave desert 51309 Snake-Columbia shrub steppe 51310 Sonoran desert 51311 Tamaulipan matorral 51312 Tamaulipan mezquital 51313 Wyoming Basin shrub steppe 60101 Araucaria moist forests 60102 Atlantic Coast restingas 60103 Bahia coastal forests 60104 Bahia interior forests 60105 Bolivian Yungas 60106 Caatinga Enclaves moist forests 60107 Caqueta moist forests 60108 Catatumbo moist forests 60109 Cauca Valley montane forests 60110 Cayos Miskitos-San Andrés and Providencia moist forests 60111 Central American Atlantic moist forests 60112 Central American montane forests 60113 Chiapas montane forests 60114 Chimalapas montane forests 60115 Chocó-Darién moist forests 60116 Cocos Island moist forests 60117 Cordillera La Costa montane forests 60118 Cordillera Oriental montane forests 60119 Costa Rican seasonal moist forests 60120 Cuban moist forests 60121 Eastern Cordillera real montane forests 60122 Eastern Panamanian montane forests 60123 Fernando de Noronha-Atol das Rocas moist forests 60124 Guianan Highlands moist forests 60125 Guianan moist forests 60126 Gurupa varzeá 60127 Hispaniolan moist forests 60128 Iquitos varzeá 60129 Isthmian-Atlantic moist forests 60130 Isthmian-Pacific moist forests 60131 Jamaican moist forests 60132 Japurá-Solimoes-Negro moist forests 60133 Juruá-Purus moist forests 60134 Leeward Islands moist forests 60135 Madeira-Tapajós moist forests 60136 Magdalena Valley montane forests 60137 Magdalena-Urabá moist forests 60138 Marajó varzeá 60139 Maranhão Babaçu forests 60140 Mato Grosso seasonal forests 60141 Monte Alegre varzeá 60142 Napo moist forests 60143 Negro-Branco moist forests 60144 Northeastern Brazil restingas 60145 Northwestern Andean montane forests 60146 Oaxacan montane forests 60147 Orinoco Delta swamp forests 60148 Pantanos de Centla 60149 Guianan freshwater swamp forests 60150 Alto Paraná Atlantic forests 60151 Pernambuco coastal forests 60152 Pernambuco interior forests 60153 Peruvian Yungas 60154 Petén-Veracruz moist forests 60155 Puerto Rican moist forests 60156 Purus varzeá 60157 Purus-Madeira moist forests 60158 Rio Negro campinarana 60159 Santa Marta montane forests 60160 Serra do Mar coastal forests 60161 Sierra de los Tuxtlas 60162 Sierra Madre de Chiapas moist forests 60163 Solimões-Japurá moist forests 60164 South Florida rocklands 60165 Southern Andean Yungas 60166 Southwest Amazon moist forests 60167 Talamancan montane forests 60168 Tapajós-Xingu moist forests 60169 Pantepui 60170 Tocantins/Pindare moist forests 60171 Trinidad and Tobago moist forests 60172 Trindade-Martin Vaz Islands tropical forests 60173 Uatuma-Trombetas moist forests 60174 Ucayali moist forests 60175 Venezuelan Andes montane forests 60176 Veracruz moist forests 60177 Veracruz montane forests 60178 Western Ecuador moist forests 60179 Windward Islands moist forests 60180 Xingu-Tocantins-Araguaia moist forests 60181 Yucatán moist forests 60182 Guianan piedmont and lowland moist forests 60201 Apure-Villavicencio dry forests 60202 Atlantic dry forests 60204 Bajío dry forests 60205 Balsas dry forests 60206 Bolivian montane dry forests 60207 Cauca Valley dry forests 60209 Central American dry forests 60210 Dry Chaco 60211 Chiapas Depression dry forests 60212 Chiquitano dry forests 60213 Cuban dry forests 60214 Ecuadorian dry forests 60215 Hispaniolan dry forests 60216 Islas Revillagigedo dry forests 60217 Jalisco dry forests 60218 Jamaican dry forests 60219 Lara-Falcón dry forests 60220 Lesser Antillean dry forests 60221 Magdalena Valley dry forests 60222 Maracaibo dry forests 60223 Marañón dry forests 60224 Panamanian dry forests 60225 Patía Valley dry forests 60226 Puerto Rican dry forests 60227 Sierra de la Laguna dry forests 60228 Sinaloan dry forests 60229 Sinú Valley dry forests 60230 Southern Pacific dry forests 60232 Tumbes-Piura dry forests 60233 Veracruz dry forests 60235 Yucatán dry forests 60301 Bahamian pine mosaic 60302 Belizian pine forests 60303 Central American pine-oak forests 60304 Cuban pine forests 60305 Hispaniolan pine forests 60306 Miskito pine forests 60307 Sierra de la Laguna pine-oak forests 60308 Sierra Madre de Oaxaca pine-oak forests 60309 Sierra Madre del Sur pine-oak forests 60310 Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt pine-oak forests 60401 Juan Fernández Islands temperate forests 60402 Magellanic subpolar forests 60403 San Félix-San Ambrosio Islands temperate forests 60404 Valdivian temperate forests 60702 Beni savanna 60703 Campos Rupestres montane savanna 60704 Cerrado 60705 Clipperton Island shrub and grasslands 60707 Guianan savanna 60708 Humid Chaco 60709 Llanos 60710 Uruguayan savanna 60801 Espinal 60802 Low Monte 60803 Humid Pampas 60805 Patagonian steppe 60902 Cuban wetlands 60903 Enriquillo wetlands 60904 Everglades 60905 Guayaquil flooded grasslands 60906 Orinoco wetlands 60907 Pantanal 60908 Paraná flooded savanna 60909 Southern Cone Mesopotamian savanna 61001 Central Andean dry puna 61002 Central Andean puna 61003 Central Andean wet puna 61004 Cordillera Central páramo 61005 Cordillera de Merida páramo 61006 Northern Andean páramo 61007 Santa Marta páramo 61008 Southern Andean steppe 61010 High Monte 61201 Chilean matorral 61301 Araya and Paria xeric scrub 61303 Atacama desert 61304 Caatinga 61305 Caribbean shrublands 61306 Cuban cactus scrub 61307 Galápagos Islands scrubland mosaic 61308 Guajira-Barranquilla xeric scrub 61309 La Costa xeric shrublands 61311 Malpelo Island xeric scrub 61312 Motagua Valley thornscrub 61313 Paraguana xeric scrub 61314 San Lucan xeric scrub 61315 Sechura desert 61316 Tehuacán Valley matorral 61318 St. Peter and St. Paul rocks 61401 Amazon-Orinoco-Southern Caribbean mangroves 61402 Bahamian-Antillean mangroves 61403 Mesoamerican Gulf-Caribbean mangroves 61404 Northern Mesoamerican Pacific mangroves 61405 South American Pacific mangroves 61406 Southern Atlantic mangroves 61407 Southern Mesoamerican Pacific mangroves 70101 Carolines tropical moist forests 70102 Central Polynesian tropical moist forests 70103 Cook Islands tropical moist forests 70104 Eastern Micronesia tropical moist forests 70105 Fiji tropical moist forests 70106 Hawaii tropical moist forests 70107 Kermadec Islands subtropical moist forests 70108 Marquesas tropical moist forests 70109 Ogasawara subtropical moist forests 70110 Palau tropical moist forests 70111 Rapa Nui subtropical broadleaf forests 70112 Samoan tropical moist forests 70113 Society Islands tropical moist forests 70114 Tongan tropical moist forests 70115 Tuamotu tropical moist forests 70116 Tubuai tropical moist forests 70117 Western Polynesian tropical moist forests 70201 Fiji tropical dry forests 70202 Hawaii tropical dry forests 70203 Marianas tropical dry forests 70204 Yap tropical dry forests 70701 Hawaii tropical high shrublands 70702 Hawaii tropical low shrublands 70703 Northwestern Hawaii scrub 80101 Guizhou Plateau broadleaf and mixed forests 80102 Yunnan Plateau subtropical evergreen forests 80401 Appenine deciduous montane forests 80402 Atlantic mixed forests 80403 Azores temperate mixed forests 80404 Balkan mixed forests 80405 Baltic mixed forests 80406 Cantabrian mixed forests 80407 Caspian Hyrcanian mixed forests 80408 Caucasus mixed forests 80409 Celtic broadleaf forests 80410 Central Anatolian steppe and woodlands 80411 Central China loess plateau mixed forests 80412 Central European mixed forests 80413 Central Korean deciduous forests 80414 Changbai Mountains mixed forests 80415 Changjiang Plain evergreen forests 80416 Crimean Submediterranean forest complex 80417 Daba Mountains evergreen forests 80418 Dinaric Mountains mixed forests 80419 East European forest steppe 80420 Eastern Anatolian deciduous forests 80421 English Lowlands beech forests 80422 Euxine-Colchic broadleaf forests 80423 Hokkaido deciduous forests 80424 Huang He Plain mixed forests 80425 Madeira evergreen forests 80426 Manchurian mixed forests 80427 Nihonkai evergreen forests 80428 Nihonkai montane deciduous forests 80429 North Atlantic moist mixed forests 80430 Northeast China Plain deciduous forests 80431 Pannonian mixed forests 80432 Po Basin mixed forests 80433 Pyrenees conifer and mixed forests 80434 Qin Ling Mountains deciduous forests 80435 Rodope montane mixed forests 80436 Sarmatic mixed forests 80437 Sichuan Basin evergreen broadleaf forests 80438 South Sakhalin-Kurile mixed forests 80439 Southern Korea evergreen forests 80440 Taiheiyo evergreen forests 80441 Taiheiyo montane deciduous forests 80442 Tarim Basin deciduous forests and steppe 80443 Ussuri broadleaf and mixed forests 80444 Western Siberian hemiboreal forests 80445 Western European broadleaf forests 80446 Zagros Mountains forest steppe 80501 Alps conifer and mixed forests 80502 Altai montane forest and forest steppe 80503 Caledon conifer forests 80504 Carpathian montane forests 80505 Da Hinggan-Dzhagdy Mountains conifer forests 80506 East Afghan montane conifer forests 80507 Elburz Range forest steppe 80508 Helanshan montane conifer forests 80509 Hengduan Mountains subalpine conifer forests 80510 Hokkaido montane conifer forests 80511 Honshu alpine conifer forests 80512 Khangai Mountains conifer forests 80513 Mediterranean conifer and mixed forests 80514 Northeastern Himalayan subalpine conifer forests 80515 Northern Anatolian conifer and deciduous forests 80516 Nujiang Langcang Gorge alpine conifer and mixed forests 80517 Qilian Mountains conifer forests 80518 Qionglai-Minshan conifer forests 80519 Sayan montane conifer forests 80520 Scandinavian coastal conifer forests 80521 Tian Shan montane conifer forests 80601 East Siberian taiga 80602 Iceland boreal birch forests and alpine tundra 80603 Kamchatka-Kurile meadows and sparse forests 80604 Kamchatka-Kurile taiga 80605 Northeast Siberian taiga 80606 Okhotsk-Manchurian taiga 80607 Sakhalin Island taiga 80608 Scandinavian and Russian taiga 80609 Trans-Baikal conifer forests 80610 Ural montane forests and tundra 80611 West Siberian taiga 80801 Alai-Western Tian Shan steppe 80802 Altai steppe and semi-desert 80803 Central Anatolian steppe 80804 Daurian forest steppe 80805 Eastern Anatolian montane steppe 80806 Emin Valley steppe 80807 Faroe Islands boreal grasslands 80808 Gissaro-Alai open woodlands 80809 Kazakh forest steppe 80810 Kazakh steppe 80811 Kazakh upland 80812 Middle East steppe 80813 Mongolian-Manchurian grassland 80814 Pontic steppe 80815 Sayan Intermontane steppe 80816 Selenge-Orkhon forest steppe 80817 South Siberian forest steppe 80818 Tian Shan foothill arid steppe 80901 Amur meadow steppe 80902 Bohai Sea saline meadow 80903 Nenjiang River grassland 80904 Nile Delta flooded savanna 80905 Saharan halophytics 80906 Tigris-Euphrates alluvial salt marsh 80907 Suiphun-Khanka meadows and forest meadows 80908 Yellow Sea saline meadow 81001 Altai alpine meadow and tundra 81002 Central Tibetan Plateau alpine steppe 81003 Eastern Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows 81004 Ghorat-Hazarajat alpine meadow 81005 Hindu Kush alpine meadow 81006 Karakoram-West Tibetan Plateau alpine steppe 81007 Khangai Mountains alpine meadow 81008 Kopet Dag woodlands and forest steppe 81009 Kuh Rud and Eastern Iran montane woodlands 81010 Mediterranean High Atlas juniper steppe 81011 North Tibetan Plateau-Kunlun Mountains alpine desert 81012 Northwestern Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows 81013 Ordos Plateau steppe 81014 Pamir alpine desert and tundra 81015 Qilian Mountains subalpine meadows 81016 Sayan Alpine meadows and tundra 81017 Southeast Tibet shrublands and meadows 81018 Sulaiman Range alpine meadows 81019 Tian Shan montane steppe and meadows 81020 Tibetan Plateau alpine shrublands and meadows 81021 Western Himalayan alpine shrub and Meadows 81022 Yarlung Tsangpo arid steppe 81101 Arctic desert 81102 Bering tundra 81103 Cherskii-Kolyma mountain tundra 81104 Chukchi Peninsula tundra 81105 Kamchatka Mountain tundra and forest tundra 81106 Kola Peninsula tundra 81107 Northeast Siberian coastal tundra 81108 Northwest Russian-Novaya Zemlya tundra 81109 Novosibirsk Islands arctic desert 81110 Scandinavian Montane Birch forest and grasslands 81111 Taimyr-Central Siberian tundra 81112 Trans-Baikal Bald Mountain tundra 81113 Wrangel Island arctic desert 81114 Yamal-Gydan tundra 81201 Aegean and Western Turkey sclerophyllous and mixed forests 81202 Anatolian conifer and deciduous mixed forests 81203 Canary Islands dry woodlands and forests 81204 Corsican montane broadleaf and mixed forests 81205 Crete Mediterranean forests 81206 Cyprus Mediterranean forests 81207 Eastern Mediterranean conifer-sclerophyllous-broadleaf forests 81208 Iberian conifer forests 81209 Iberian sclerophyllous and semi-deciduous forests 81210 Illyrian deciduous forests 81211 Italian sclerophyllous and semi-deciduous forests 81212 Mediterranean acacia-argania dry woodlands and succulent thickets 81213 Mediterranean dry woodlands and steppe 81214 Mediterranean woodlands and forests 81215 Northeastern Spain and Southern France Mediterranean forests 81216 Northwest Iberian montane forests 81217 Pindus Mountains mixed forests 81218 South Appenine mixed montane forests 81219 Southeastern Iberian shrubs and woodlands 81220 Southern Anatolian montane conifer and deciduous forests 81221 Southwest Iberian Mediterranean sclerophyllous and mixed forests 81222 Tyrrhenian-Adriatic Sclerophyllous and mixed forests 81301 Afghan Mountains semi-desert 81302 Alashan Plateau semi-desert 81303 Arabian Desert and East Sahero-Arabian xeric shrublands 81304 Atlantic coastal desert 81305 Azerbaijan shrub desert and steppe 81306 Badghyz and Karabil semi-desert 81307 Baluchistan xeric woodlands 81308 Caspian lowland desert 81309 Central Afghan Mountains xeric woodlands 81310 Central Asian northern desert 81311 Central Asian riparian woodlands 81312 Central Asian southern desert 81313 Central Persian desert basins 81314 Eastern Gobi desert steppe 81315 Gobi Lakes Valley desert steppe 81316 Great Lakes Basin desert steppe 81317 Junggar Basin semi-desert 81318 Kazakh semi-desert 81319 Kopet Dag semi-desert 81320 Mesopotamian shrub desert 81321 North Saharan steppe and woodlands 81322 Paropamisus xeric woodlands 81323 Persian Gulf desert and semi-desert 81324 Qaidam Basin semi-desert 81325 Red Sea Nubo-Sindian tropical desert and semi-desert 81326 Registan-North Pakistan sandy desert 81327 Sahara desert 81328 South Iran Nubo-Sindian desert and semi-desert 81329 South Saharan steppe and woodlands 81330 Taklimakan desert 81331 Tibesti-Jebel Uweinat montane xeric woodlands 81332 West Saharan montane xeric woodlands 81333 Red Sea coastal desert Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Livelihood zone of household LIVELIHOOD reports the predominant livelihood zone within a 5-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. Livelihood zones can be used as an indicator for sources of food and/or income and as a measure of people's vulnerability to hazards, such as flood, drought, food crisis, market disruption, or conflicts. Information on livelihood zones are available for selected countries of Africa, Afghanistan, El Salvador, Haiti, Honduras, and Nicaragua. Livelihood zones are country-specific; therefore, codes and labels for LIVELIHOOD vary across countries. The original LIVELIHOOD zone codes from the Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET [URL omitted from DDI.]) begin with the 2-character alphabetic ISO code followed by the livelihood zone code. In place of the 2-character alphabetic ISO code used in the source data, IPUMS-DHS substitutes the 3-digit ISO country code (e.g., 231 for Ethiopia), followed by the 3-digit numeric livelihood zone code (e.g., 177 for West Central Teff). LIVELIHOOD, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00998 Missing 004001 Eastern Pastoral and Forest Zone 004002 Eastern Agro-Pastoral and Forest Zone 004003 Eastern Agro-Pastoral and Rangeland Zone 004004 Eastern Semi-Arid Agricultural Zone 004005 Eastern Agricultural and Labor-Based Zone 004006 Eastern Intensively Irrigated Zone 004007 Eastern Cross-Border Trade and Labor-Based Zone 004008 Eastern Irrigated and Rainfed Agricultural Zone 004009 East-Central Irrigated Zone 004010 Southern Intensively Irrigated Cash Crop Zone 004011 Southern Semi-Arid Agro-Pastoral Zone 004012 South-Central Agro-Pastoral and Labor-Based Zone 004013 Southern Desert Zone 004014 South-Central Agro-Pastoral Zone 004015 North-Western Agro-Pastoral and Pistachio Zone 004016 Western Intensively Irrigated Zone 004017 Western Semi-Arid Agro-Pastoral Zone 004018 West-Central Highland Agro-Pastoral Zone 004019 Western and Southern Cross-Border Trade and Labor Zone 004020 North-Eastern Highland Agro-Pastoral Zone 004021 Salangi Plains Mixed Farming Zone 004022 Northern Lowland Cereals and Livestock Zone 004023 Northern High Cereals Production Zone 004024 North-Central Agro-Pastoral Zone 004025 Northern Irrigated and Rainfed Mixed Farming Zone 004026 Northern Intensively Irrigated Agricultural Zone 004027 Amo River Irrigation and Cross-Border Trade Zone 004028 East-Central Agro-Forestry Zone 004029 Central Cash-Crop and Livestock Zone 024001 Coastal fishing, horticulture, and non-farm income 024002 Transitional banana and pineapple farming 024003 Southern livestock, millet, and sorghum 024004 Sub humid livestock and maize 024005 Mid-eastern cassava and savannah forest 024006 Central highlands potato and vegetables 024007 Central highlands maize and beans 024008 Transitional lowland maize, cassava, and beans 024009 Tropical forest, cassava, banana, and coffee 024010 Savannah forest and market-oriented cassava 024011 Savannah forest and subsistence cassava 024012 Fishing, cassava, and cross-border trade 024013 Coastal livestock ranching 108001 Buragane 108002 Congo Ridge Millet 108003 Eastern Lowlands 108004 Northern Lowlands 108005 Northern Highlands 108006 Southern Highlands 108007 Imbo Plain 108008 Humid Plateaus 108009 Eastern Arid Plateaus 140001 Southeast cassava, peanuts, and maize 140002 Northeast hunting and food crops 140003 Northern sorghum and millet 140004 East central mining, cassava, and peanuts 140005 Southern coffee, cassava, and maize 140006 Central cassava, peanuts, and maize 140007 Central cotton, cassava, and maize 140008 Northern cotton, cassava, and sorghum 140009 Western cassava, maize, and peanuts 140010 Southern maize, citrus fruits, and vegetables 140011 Southwest cassava, coffee, gathering, and mining 148001 Southern Staple and Cash Crops 148002 Southwest Rice 148003 South-central Cereals 148004 Southeast Flood Retreat and Gum Arabic 148005 Central Agropastoral 148006 Eastern Rainfed Cereals and Market Gardening 148007 Transhumance 148008 Western Agropastoral and Fishing 148009 Northern Oasis Cultivation with Camels and Natron 180001 Copperbelt and Marginal Agriculture 180002 Savannah Manioc 180003 Savannah Surplus Maize 180004 Kamalondo Depression 180005 Southern Tanganyika-Mwero Fishing 180006 Maniema Savannah Agriculture 180007 High Food Production and Surplus Trade 180008 Northern Tanganyika Midland Agriculture 180009 Agropastoral Mountains 180010 Midland Agricultural Savannah 180011 Rutshuru Volcanic Soils and Agriculture 180012 Forest Cultivation and Products 180013 Artisanal Mining with Agriculture 180014 Northeast Highlands Agriculture 180015 Orientale Fishing with Agriculture 180016 Northern Plateau Cassava, Maize, Groundnuts and Beans 180017 Bumba Rice and Tubers 180018 Bomongo and Makanza Districts Intensive Fishing 180019 Fishing and Staples Riverine 180020 Cuvette Centrale Staple Crops, Fishing and Charcoal 180021 Equatorial Forest, Hunting, Fishing and Staple Crops 180022 Lighter Forest with Rice and Cassava 180023 Savannah with Cassava and Cowpeas and Small Livestock 180024 High Food Crop Production and Trading 180025 Intensive Artisanal Diamond Exploitation with Crop Cultivation 180026 Clay Soils with High Production of Cassava and Maize, and Cattle 180027 Agropastoral â€“ Staple Crops, Small Stock and Cattle and Wild Foods 180028 Agriculture with High Production and Marketing 180029 Cassava, Maize and Groundnuts 180030 Market Gardening and Staple Crops 180031 River Fishing and Staple Crops 180032 Coastal Ocean Fishing and Kitchen Gardening 180033 Forest â€“ Staple Crops, Cash Crops and Market Gardening 180034 Kinshasa Peri-urban 222001 Basic Grain and Labor Zone 222002 Coffee, Agro-Industrial and Labor Zone 222003 Sugarcane, Agro-Industry and Labor Zone 222004 Eastern Basic Grain, Labor, Livestock and Remittance Zone 222005 Central Free-Trade, Services and Industrial Labor Zone 222006 Fishing, Aquaculture and Tourism Zone 231001 Addis Ababa City 231002 Asale Agropastoral 231003 Awsa-Gewane Agropastoral 231004 Aramiss - Adaar Pastoral 231005 Asale Pastoral 231006 Chenno Agropastoral 231007 Eli daar Pastoral 231008 Namalefan & Baadu Pastoral 231009 Teru Pastoral 231010 Abay Beshilo River Basin 231011 Abay Tekeze Watershed 231012 Central Highland Barley & Potato 231013 Cheffa valley 231014 Guna Highland 231015 Merhabete Lowland Sorghum and teff 231016 Minjar teff and livestock 231017 Minjar teff and sorghum 231018 North Wollo Highland Belg 231019 North East Woyna Dega Mixed Cereal 231020 North Shewa highland sheep and barley 231021 North Shewa Highland Wheat and Teff productive 231022 N Highland wheat, Barley & Sheep 231023 NorthWest Cash Crop 231024 North Wollo East Plain 231025 NorthWest Sorghum Belt 231026 South Wollo Meher 231027 South Wollo Belg 231028 South West Maize, Finger Millet and Teff productive 231029 South Wollo & Oromia Eastern lowland sorghum & cattle 231030 South East Woyna Dega Teff 231031 South West Woyna Dega wheat 231032 Tekeze Lowland Sorghum and Goats 231033 Tana Zuria 231034 South Wollo Meher and Belg 231035 Central Kolla Sorghum, Maize & Millet 231036 Midland Teff & Coffee 231037 Western Dry Kolla Sorghum, Maize & Mining 231038 Meketel Highland Cereal & Pulses 231039 Gambella Agropastoral 231040 Gambella Coffee, Honey & Cereal LZ 231041 Gambella Mixed Agriculture 231042 No Data 231043 Arsi Bale Wheat, Barley & Potato 231044 Anfilo Coffee Monoculture & Honey 231045 Abe Dongoro-Diga-Sasiga Coffee & Sorghum 231046 Adaba Dodola Community Forest 231047 Agarfa, Gasera, Ginir & Gololcha Fruit, Coffee & Chat 231048 Ambo Selale Ginderberet Teff & Wheat 231049 Abijata Shala Jido Agro-Pastoral 231050 Abay Gorge Sesame, Maize & Honey 231051 Ameya-Wolisso-Ambo Teff & Cattle 231052 Becho-Adea Teff & Chickpea 231053 Borena-Guji Maize, Wheat & Livestock 231054 Borena-Guji Coffee & Enset 231055 Borena-Guji Cattle Pastoralist 231056 Bale Agro-Pastoral 231057 Bale Pastoralist 231058 Chercher & Gololcha Chole Coffee, Maize & Chat 231059 Central Horo Teff, Nug & Cattle 231060 Chebo-Inchini Enset, Barley & Cattle 231061 Chat & Vegetables 231062 Dallo, Barbare & Arana-Buluk Coffee 231063 Dale-Lalo Sorghum & Maize 231064 Didessa-Gibe-Wama Valley Sorghum, Maize & Oilcrops 231065 Ebantu-Limu Teff & Cattle 231066 Guduru-Amuru Maize, Teff & Cattle 231067 Guji-Borena Enset, Barley & Cattle 231068 Gerbo Enset & Chat 231069 Gursum-Babile Groundnuts & Sorghum 231070 Gera-Setema-Sale Forest Teff, Honey & Cattle 231071 Gibe Maize & Peppers 231072 Goro-Ginir Spice & Wheat 231073 Anger Maize, Sorghum & Finger Millet 231074 Illu-Wellega-Birbir Maize, Peppers & Sesame 231075 Jimma-Illubabur Coffee, Cereals & Chat 231076 Jaldu-Dendi-Ilfata Barley & Potato 231077 Jimma-Yama Logi Teff & Maize 231078 Kofele Kokosa Enset & Cattle Belt 231079 Muger-Abay-Jema Sorghum & Teff Belt 231080 Melka Awash-Ochocha Mid-Highland Wheat & Teff 231081 Moyale Agro-Pastoral, Labour & Cross-Border Trade 231082 Moyale Cattle, Shoats & Camel Pastoralist 231083 Market-Isolated Cattle & Shoat Pastoralist 231084 Kereyu Pastoral 231085 Mendi-Dabisu Maize, Sesame & Cattle 231086 North-East Agro-Pastoral 231087 Nadda-Gilgel Gibe Maize, Teff and Sorghum 231088 Nole-Meko-Diga Teff & Cattle 231089 Nejo-Dilla Teff, Finger Millet & Nug 231090 Southern Agro-Pastoral 231091 Keto-Begi Cereals & Cattle 231092 Robe Chole Sude & Seru Teff Maize Haricot Bean Belt 231093 Rift Valley Maize & Horse Bean 231094 Selale-Ambo Highland Barley, Wheat and Horsebean belt 231095 Soddo Highland Wheat, Barley & Enset 231096 Siraro Kofele Potato & Vegetables 231097 Sorghum, Maize & Chat 231098 Shirka Ticho Spice & Teff 231099 Wheat, Barley & Potato 231100 Wellega-Dedo Highland Wheat & Barley 231101 Wuchale-Abichu-Kembebit Livestock, 'Wild Oats' & Barley/Wheat 231102 Wellega Coffee, Maize & Sorghum 231103 Amaro Coffee and Enset LZ 231104 Awassa Chat and Enset LZ 231105 Alaba-Mareko Lowland Pepper LZ 231106 Badewacho-Alaba Maize LZ 231107 Bilate Basin Agro-Pastoral LZ 231108 Bench-Keffa Cereal and Enset LZ 231109 Basketo-Melo Coffee and Root Crop LZ 231110 Dawro-Konta Maize and Root Crop LZ 231111 Western Coffee and Spices LZ - Eastern sub-zone 231112 Gedeo Coffee LZ 231113 Gurage-Siltie Highland Enset and Barley LZ 231114 Gurage-Siltie Midland Enset and Chat LZ 231115 Gurage-Siltie Enset and Teff LZ 231116 Gamo Gofa Enset and Barley LZ 231117 Gurage Lowland Maize and Teff LZ 231118 Gamo Gofa Maize and Root Crop LZ 231119 Hadero Ginger LZ 231120 Hadiya Maize LZ 231121 Hadiya-Kembata Cereal and Enset LZ - Hadiya sub zone 231122 Chamo-Abaya Irrigated Banana LZ 231123 Kedida-Badewacho Coffee LZ 231124 Hadiya-Kembata Cereal and Enset LZ - Kembata sub-zone 231125 Kaffa Cereal and Enset LZ 231126 Southern Special Woredas Lowland Cereal LZ 231127 Omo River Flood Recession LZ 231128 Omo Valley Maize and Sorghum LZ 231129 231130 Southern Cereal, Enset and Root Crop LZ 231131 Sidama Coffee LZ 231132 Surma Agro-Pastoral LZ 231133 Sidama-Gedeo Highland Enset and Barley LZ 231134 Sidama Maize Belt LZ 231135 Southern Agro-Pastoral Livelihood Zone 231136 South Omo Crop LZ 231137 South Omo Pastoral LZ 231138 Salamago Pastoral LZ 231139 Sheka Cereal and Enset LZ 231140 Wolayita Ginger and Coffee LZ 231141 Western Coffee and Spices LZ - Western sub-zone 231142 Western Forest Products LZ 231143 Wolayita Maize and Root Crop LZ 231144 Wolayita Barley and Wheat LZ 231145 Yem Cereal and Enset LZ 231146 Afder Pastoral 231147 Degahbur Agropastoral 231148 Dawa-Ganale Riverine 231149 Filtu-Dolo Pastoral 231150 Fik Pastoral 231151 Gode Agropastoral 231152 Harshin-Degahbur East Pastoral 231153 Jijiga Agropastoral 231154 Jijiga Sedentary Farming 231155 Korahe Agropastoral 231156 Korahe-Gode Pastoral 231157 Liban Agropastoral 231158 Lowland-Hawd Pastoral 231159 Moyale-Wayamo Pastoral 231160 No Data 231161 Shinile Agropastoral 231162 Shinile Pastoral 231163 Shabelle Riverine 231164 Adiyabo Lowland 231165 Alaje Ofla Highland 231166 Atsbi Womberta Highland 231167 Central Mixed Crop 231168 Enderta Dry Midland 231169 Eastern Planteau 231170 Gesho and Wheat Highland 231171 Humera Sesame and Sorghum 231172 Irob Mountains 231173 Mereb Basin 231174 Middle Tekeze 231175 Raya Valley 231176 Tsirare Catchment 231177 West Central Teff 231178 Werie Catchment 231179 Western Cereal and Sesame 262001 Northwest Pastoral 262002 Central Pastoral 262003 Southeast Pastoral 262004 Market Gardening 262005 Djibouti City 324001 Coastal: Rice, Fishing, Palm oil 324002 Piedmont: Rice, Groundnut, Horticulture 324003 Central plateau: Horticulture, Fonio, Livestock 324004 Mountain: Livestock, Fonio, Groundnut 324005 Mountain : Rice, Livestock, Fonio 324006 Northern plateau: Rice, Groundnut, Livestock 324007 Savannah with shrubs: Rice, Gold mining, Livestock 324008 Northeast: Maize, Gold mining, Livestock 324009 Wooded savannah: Rice, Manioc, Groundnut 324010 Pre-forest zone: Rice, Manioc, Livestock 324011 Forest: Rice, Palm oil, Coffee 332001 Dry Coastal Maize and Charcoal 332002 North Tubers and Horticulture 332003 Central Plateau Maize and Tubers 332004 Rice Plains of the Artibonite 332005 Western Banana Plains of Arcahaie 332006 West Gardening and Beans 332007 South Beans, Bananas, and Petty Trade 332008 Southwestern Coast Maize, Manioc, and Bush Products 332009 Urban 340000 Casco urbano 340001 Zona de medios de vida litoral GarÃfuna y de turismo en islas de la BahÃa 340002 Zona litoral atlÃ¡ntica productora de aceite de palma 340003 Zona de venta de obra en maquilas, banano y caÃ±a de azÃºcar 340004 Zona Mosquitia de caza y pesca 340005 Zona montaÃ±osa de cafÃ© 340006 Zona de medios de vida pesquera y salinera del Golfo de Fonseca 340007 Zona de granos bÃ¡sicos de subsistencia y remesas 340008 Zona de venta de mano de obra en melÃ³n, sandÃa y camarÃ³n 340009 Zona de medios de vida, granos bÃ¡sicos y ganaderÃa 340010 Reserva del RÃo Platano 404001 Northwestern Pastoral Zone 404002 Turkwell Riverine Zone 404003 Northwestern Agropastoral Zone 404004 Lake Turkana Fishing 404005 Northern Pastoral Zone 404006 Marsabit Marginal Mixed Farming Zone 404007 Northeastern Agropastoral Zone 404008 Mandera Riverine Zone 404009 Northeastern Pastoral Zone 404010 Eastern Pastoral Zone 404011 Southeastern Pastoral Zone 404012 Coastal Medium Potential Farming Zone 404013 Coastal Marginal Agricultural Mixed Farming Zone 404014 Tana Riverine Zone 404015 Southern Pastoral Zone 404016 Southeastern Marginal Mixed Farming Zone 404017 Southeastern Medium Potential, Mixed Farming Zone 404018 Southern Agropastoral Zone 404019 Central Highlands, High Potential Zone 404020 Western Medium Potential Zone 404021 Western High Potential Zone 404022 Western Lakeshore Marginal Mixed Farming Zone 404023 Lake Victoria Fishing Zone 404024 Western Agropastoral Zone 426001 Northern Lowlands 426002 Southern Lowlands 426003 Foothills 426004 Mountains 426005 Senqu River Valley 430001 North-East Rice Farming Palm Oil 430002 North/Central Rice with Cassava and Market Gardening 430003 South-East Rice with Cassava 430004 Coastal Plain Cassava with Rice and Inland Fishing 430005 Coastal Fishing and Cassava 430006 Rice Intercropped and Forest Hunting 430007 Border Cacao and Coffee Farming 430008 Rubber and Charcoal with Food Crops 430009 Peri-Urban: Petty Trade, Market Gardening and Casual Employment 430010 Mining/Concession and Farming Zone 430098 National Parks 430099 Urban Areas 450001 Extreme north: sugar cane, fishing, tourism 450002 North: vanilla, clove, coconut tree 450003 Sofia River basin: tobacco, onion, fishing 450004 Northern highland: rice, zebu 450005 Betsiboka Delta: rice, fishing 450006 Upper Betsiboka: gold mining, rice, cows 450007 Aloatra: rice, fishing, livestock rearing 450008 Toamasina: cloves, coffee, trade 450009 West: rice, fishing, gathering 450010 Agropastoral midwest: rice, maize, pulses 450011 Central Iarivo: rice, market gardening, eucalyptus 450012 Moramanga: forest, petty trade, market gardening 450013 Center-east: litchi, coffee, citrus 450014 Ankaratra: staple crops, horticulture, milk 450015 Tsirobihina Delta: rice, fishing, pulses 450016 South-central peneplain: rice, onion, small livestock 450017 Southern highlands: staple crops, crafts, market gardening 450018 Corridor: forest products, banana 450019 Southeast: coffee, litchi, cassava 450020 Southwest: rice, lima bean 450021 Bara plateau: cows, cassava 450022 Center-south: staple crops, industrial sisal, zebu 450023 Mahafaly plateau: cassava 450024 Extreme south: cassava, maize, livestock rearing 454001 Central Karonga 454002 Chitipa Millet & Maize 454003 Kasungu Lilongwe Plain 454004 Lake Chilwa - Phalombe Plain 454005 Lower Shire 454006 Middle Shire Valley 454007 Misuku Hills 454008 Mzimba Self Sufficient 454009 Nkhata Bay Cassava 454010 Northern Karonga 454011 Northern Lakeshore 454012 Phirilongwe Hills 454013 Rift Valley Escarpment 454014 Shire Highlands 454015 Southern Lakeshore 454016 Thyolo Mulunje Tea Estates 454017 Western Rumphi & Mzimba 454018 Border Productive Horticulture 454019 Urban 454020 National Park 466001 Nomadism and Trans-Saharan Trade 466002 Northern Livestock 466003 Niger Loop Rice and Fishing 466004 Central Livestock, Millet, and Remittances 466005 Dogon Plateau Millet and Shallots 466006 Niger Delta Rice, Cattle, and Fishing 466007 Office du NigerRice and Market Gardening 466008 Northwestern Sorghum, Remittances, and Livestock 466009 Central Sorghum and Millet 466010 Southeastern Sorghum, Millet, and Cotton 466011 Southern Maize, Cotton, and Fruits 466012 Southwestern Maize, Livestock, and Gold Mining 466013 Center-eastern Millet and Livestock 466014 Lakes Recessional Millet and Sorghum 466015 Western Groundnut, Sorghum, and Maize 466016 Southwestern Gold Mining and Maize 466017 Urban 478001 Nomadic pastoralist 478002 Mine and pastoral 478003 Mixed pastoral, oases and wadis 478004 Littoral coastal fishing 478005 Pastoral and trade 478006 Transhumant pastoralism 478007 Agropastoralism 478008 Senegal valley agriculture 478009 Rainfed agriculture 508001 Lakeshore Basic Staples and Fishing 508002 Northern Highland Forest and Tourism 508003 Northwestern Tobacco and Maize 508004 Northern Cassava, Maize, and Forest 508005 Northern Highland with Mixed Cropping 508006 Northeastern Highland Forest 508007 Northeastern Cassava, Cashew, and Coconut 508008 North-Central Coastal Fishing 508009 Plains with Cassava, Rice, and Fishing 508010 Zambezi Valley with Maize and Fishing 508011 Northwestern Cropping and Cross-border Trade 508012 Coastal Sugarcane and Fishing 508013 Tete Highland Mixed Cropping, Tobbaco, and Cotton 508014 Cahora Bassa Dam Sesame and Cotton 508015 Central Semiarid Cotton and Minerals 508016 Manica Highland Mixed Cropping, Cotton, and Tobacco 508017 Central Manica and Sofala Mixed Cropping 508018 Cheringoma and Muanza Maize and Cassava 508019 Central Semiarid Pineapple and Cashew 508020 Southern Coastal Cassava, Coconut, and Fishing 508021 Southern Intermediate Mixed Cropping 508022 Southern Semiarid Cereals and Cattle 508023 Southeastern Rice 508024 Limpopo and Elephant Rivers Mixed Cropping 508025 Southern Coastal Rishing, Manioc, and Maize 508026 Southern Highland Cattle and Mixed Cropping 558000 Urban Area 558001 Pacific Coast Export Fishing, Aquaculture, Tourism and Livestock Zone 558002 Pacific Agro-Industrial and Transitional Agriculture Zone 558003 Northwest Subsistence Agriculture, Livestock and Alternate Income Activities Zone 558004 EstelÃ Traditional and Industrial Tobacco Zone 558005 Managua Peri-urban Free-Trade, Agro-industry and Services Zone 558006 East-Central Vegetables, Informal Trade, Industry and Tourism ZoneÂ 558007 Southern Pacific, Agriculture and High Migration Zone 558008 Central Cattle and Agricultural Frontier Zone 558009 Agriculture and Livestock with High Migration to Costa Rica Zone 558010 Caribbean Humid Tropical Agriculture Zone 558011 Northern Atlantic Agricultural Frontier and Mining Zone 558012 Coffee with Commercial Agriculture and Livestock Zone 558013 Northern Market-bound Basic Grains, Livestock and Coffee Zone 558014 Communal Forestry Zone 558015 Coco River Traditional Agriculture Zone 558016 Caribbean Coast Traditional Fishing Zone 558025 National Forest Reserve 562000 Not Zoned (Desert) 562001 North-east Oases: Dates, Salt and Trade 562002 AÃ¯r Massif Irrigated Gardening 562003 Transhumant and Nomad Pastoralism 562004 Agropastoral Belt 562005 Rainfed Millet and Sorghum Belt 562006 Cropping and Herding with High Work Outmigration 562007 Southern Irrigated Cash Crops 562008 Southwestern Cereals with Fan-Palm Products 562009 Niger River Irrigated Rice 562010 Dallols - Seasonal Water-Course Irrigated Crops 562011 Southeastern Natron Salt and Small Basin Irrigated Dates 562012 Komadougou Irrigated Peppers 562013 Lake Chad Flood-Retreat Cultivation with Fishing 562014 Transhumant and Nomad Pastoralism-Camels 566001 Coastal Fishing 566002 Southern Cocoa, Palm Oil, and Kola nut 566003 South-Central Yam, Cassava, and Banana 566004 Southeast Rice, Salt, and Granite 566005 Niger and Benue River Floodplain Rice and Fishing 566006 Central Plain Yam and Cassava 566007 Mambilla Plateau Cattle, Cocoa, and Tea 566008 Central Highland Maize and Soybean 566009 Northeastern Highland Maize, Cocoyam, Potatoes, and Livestock 566010 North-Central Maize, Sorghum, and Cotton 566011 Northern Floodplains Irrigated Rice, Wheat, and Vegetables 566012 Northeast Millet, Cowpea, and Sesame 566013 Sahel Mixed Cereals and Livestock 686000 Urban Area - Dakar 686001 The Niayes Gardening and Fishing 686002 Delta Rice, Horticulture, and Agricultural Labor 686003 Valley Rice and Remittances 686004 Dieri Millet and Remittances 686005 Rainfed Cowpea and Groundnut 686006 Sylvopatoral Livestock and Gathering 686007 Small Coast Fishing and Tourism 686008 Rainfed Groundnut and Millet 686009 Agropastoral Groundnut 686010 Rainfed Groundnut and Cereals 686011 Forest and Rainfed Rice 686012 Forest, Rainfed Rice, and Groundnut 686013 Rainfed Maize, Cotton, and Cattle 686014 Rainfed Maize and Lumber 686015 Rainfed Maize and Artisanal Gold Mining 686016 National Park 694000 Urban Area - Not Zoned 694001 Tonkolli Food Crops, Gold and Iron Ore 694002 Bombali Food Crops, Peppers, Tobacco and Livestock 694003 Western Rice, Root Crops, Cereals and Trade Belt 694004 Coastal Food Crops and Fishing 694005 Kailahun-Kenema-Pujehun Cash Crops, Food Crops and Trade 694006 Kono-Kenema-Bo Rice, Tree Crops and Timbers 694007 Koinadugu Food Crops, Livestock and Trade 694008 Follosoba Dembellia and Wara Wara Yagala Vegetables 694009 Freetown Peri-Urban 694010 Rice Bowl Areas 706001 Guban Pastoral 706002 West Golis Pastoral 706003 Northwestern Agropastoral 706004 Togdheer Agropastoral 706005 Hawd Pastoral 706006 Northern Inland Pastoral â€“ Goats and Sheep 706007 East Golis â€“ Frankincense, Goats, and Fishing 706008 Coastal Deeh Pastoral and Fishing 706009 Addun Pastoral 706010 Cowpea Belt Agropastoral 706011 Southern Inland Pastoral â€“ Camels, Goats, Sheep, and Cattle 706012 Southern Agropastoral â€“ Goats, Camels, and Sorghum 706013 Riverine Pump Irrigation 706014 Riverine Gravity Irrigation 706015 Sorghum High Potential Agropastoral 706016 Bay Bakool Low Potential Agropastoral 706017 Southern Rainfed Agropastoral â€“ Maize, Cattle, and Goats 706018 Juba Pastoral â€“ Cattle and Goats 706019 Urban 716000 Urban 716001 Agrofisheries 716002 Beitbridge South Western Lowveld Communal 716003 Bikita-Zaka Highlands Communal 716004 Central and Northern Semi Intensive Farming 716005 Cereal and High Cotton Communal 716006 Cereal and Low Cotton Communal 716007 Eastern Highlands Commercial Farming 716008 Eastern Highlands Prime Communal 716009 Eastern Kalahari Sandveld Communal 716010 Greater Mudzi Communal 716011 Highveld Prime Cereal and Cash Crop Resettlement 716012 Highveld Prime Communal 716013 Irrigated Commercial Sugar and Fruit Farming 716014 Kariba Valley and Kariangwe-Jambezi Communal 716015 Livestock and Cereal Farming Communal in Forests 716016 Lusulu, Lupane and Southern Gokwe Mixed Agriculture 716017 Masvingo Manicaland Middleveld Smallholder 716018 Matabeleland Middleveld Communal 716019 Mutorashanga Informal mining 716020 Mwenezi, Chivi and South Midland Communal 716021 Northern Cattle and Cereal Farming 716022 Northern Zambezi Valley Communal 716023 Save River Valley and Ndowoyo Communal 716024 Southern Cattle and Cereal Farming 716025 Western Kalahari Sandveld Communal 716026 National Park 728001 Equatorial maize and cassava 728002 Ironstone Plateau agro-pastoral 728003 Highland forest and sorghum 728004 Western groundnuts, sesame and sorghum 728005 Eastern semi-arid pastoral 728006 Eastern plains sorghum and cattle 728007 Greater Bahr el Ghazal sorghum and cattle 728008 Nile basin fishing and agro-pastoral 728009 Oil resources, maize and cattle 728010 Northeastern maize and cattle 728011 Northern sorhgum and livestock 729000 Not Zoned 729001 Northern Riverine Small-scale Cultivation 729002 Southern Riverine Small/Medium-scale Cultivation 729003 Eastern Pastoral 729004 West and Central Pastoral 729005 Eastern Khors Agropastoral 729006 Coastal Fishing 729007 Eastern Agropastoral Sorghum 729008 Flood-retreat Cultivation 729009 Central Irrigated Schemes 729010 Southeast Rainfed Semi-mechanized Agriculture 729011 Rainfed Sorghum Belt 729012 Western Agropastoral Millet and Groundnuts 729013 Western Agropastoral Millet 729014 Central Rainfed Millet and Sesame 729015 Jabel Marra Mixed Highland Cultivation 729016 Western Wadi Cultivation 729017 North Darfur Tobacco 729018 North Kordofan Gum Arabic Belt 729019 Cattle Dominant Agropastoral 800001 North Eastern Karamoja Highland Apiculture and Potato Zone 800002 Western Karamoja Mixed Crop Farming Zone 800003 South Eastern Karamoja Cattle Maize Zone 800004 Karamoja Mountain and Foot Hills Maize and Cattle Zone 800005 Central Karamoja Sorghum and Livestock Zone 800006 NE Sorghum Simsim Maize Livestock Zone 800007 North Kitgum Gulu Amuru West Nile Simsim Sorghum Livestock Zone 800008 Palabek Tobacco Simsim Sorghum and Cattle Zone 800009 South Kitgum Pader Abim Simsim Groundnuts Sorghum Cattle Zone 800010 Albertine West Nile Lowland Cattle Zone 800011 Kafu Muzizi Maize Upland Rice Cassava Zone 800012 Albertine Escarpment Cotton Cassava Zone 800013 Bwijanga Pakanyi SugarcaNE Maize Cassava Zone 800014 Karuma Masindi Oyam Tobacco Maize Cassava Zone 800015 West Nile Tobacco Cassava Sorghum Zone 800016 Rwenzori Mt.Elgon West Nile Arabica Coffee Banana Zone 800017 Amuru Gulu Rice Groundnut Sorghum Livestock Zone 800018 Southwest Gulu Beans Groundnuts Shoat Cassava 800019 Mid North Simsim Maize Cassava Zone 800020 Eastern Lowland Maize Beans Rice Zone 800021 Eastern Central Lowland Cassava Sorghum and Groundnut Zone 800022 Mt Elgon Highland Irish Potato Cereal Zone 800023 Central and Southern Cattle Cassava Maize Zone 800024 Lakeshore and Riverbank Fishing Zone 800025 Southeastern Maize Beans Robusta Coffee Zone 800026 Midwest Central and Lake Victoria Crescent Robusta Coffee Banana Maize and Cattle Zone 800027 Rwenzori Midland Banana Fruit Vegetable Dairy Zone 800028 Kazinga Channel Cassava Maize Fruit Vegetable Cotton Zone 800029 Rwenzori Lowland Maize Vegetable Banana Zone 800030 Southeastern Lowland Cassava Cereal Zone 800031 Eastern Lowland Rice Root Crop Zone 800032 Southeastern Lowland Cassava Maize Sweet Potato Zone 800033 East Central Plantation Outgrower Zone 800034 Kayunga Masaka Pineapple Banana Robusta Coffee and Cassava Zone 800035 SW Highland Irish Potato Sorghum Vegetable Zone 800036 Kalangala Fishing Oil Palm Cassava Zone 800037 Western Rift Valley Cocoa Coffee Cassava Zone 800038 Rwenzori Midland Tea and Dairy Zone 800039 Southwestern Midland Banana Robusta Coffee Cattle Zone 800040 SW Rift Valley Tobacco Bean Millet Zone 800041 Urban 800042 National Park 834001 Southern Maasai Pastoralist 834002 River Pangani Paddy and Maize Basin 834003 Tanga Maize and Cattle 834004 Tanga Maize and Sisal Employment 834005 Usambara-Pare Highland 834006 Tanga Maize, Orange, and Jackfruit Midlands 834007 Tanga-Pwani Coastal Maize, Paddy Belt 834008 Handeni-Bagamoyo Maize, Cassava, and Fruit Midlands 834009 Loliondo Midland Maize, Beans, and Livestock 834010 Lower Rombo Maize, Beans, and Finger Millet 834011 Kilimanjaro-Meru Maize, Coffee, and Plantains 834012 Karatu Wheat, Maize, and Coffee 834013 Lower Arusha-Simanjiro Maize 834014 Northern Maasai Pastoralist 834015 Nowu Maize, Beans, and Onions Highlands 834016 Babati Kwaraa Maize, Beans, Sunflower, and Coffee 834017 Kiteto-Kongwa-Mpwapwa-Mvomero Maize, Sorghum, and Pigeon Pea 834018 Mbulu-Karatu Midlands Maize, Beans, and Livestock 834019 Hadzabe Hunter-Gatherer Wild Honey, Wild Roots, and Wild Fruit 834020 Wembere Paddy, Sorghum, Maize, Sunflower, and Fishing 834021 Bahi-Sanza Irrigated Rice, Maize, Bulrush Millet, and Livestock 834022 Iramba Midland Onion, Maize, and Sunflower 834023 Manyoni Upland Maize, Sunflower, Sesame, and Livestock 834024 Tabora-Singida Midland Maize, Sunflower, and Livestock 834025 Singida-Manyara Maize, Sorghum, Beans, and Sunflower 834026 East and South Lakeshore Fishing, Cassava, and Upland Rice 834027 Western Lakeshore Coffee, Fishing, and Banana 834028 Kagera-Kigoma-Mara Banana, Coffee, and Beans 834029 Mwanza-Shinyanga-Mara Cotton, Livestock, Cassava, and Maize 834030 Kagera Lowlands Beans, Maize, and Livestock 834031 Shinyanga-Tabora Cotton, Upland Rice, Sweet Potato, and Livestock 834032 Sengerema-Geita Highland Cassava, Rice, and Maize 834033 Kagera-Kigoma Beans, Cassava, and Maize 834034 Kahama-Tabora Midland Tobacco, Maize, Rice, and Livestock 834035 Kishapu-Meatu-Maswa Sorghum, Cotton, Sweet Potato, and Livestock 834036 Urambo-Nzega Lowland Groundnuts, Cotton, and Maize 834037 Kigoma Lowland Palm Oil, Cassava, and Maize 834038 Urambo Agropastoral Maize and Sweet Potato 834039 Victoria Islands Fishing, Cassava, Sweet Potato, and Paddy 834040 Ruaha Riverine Maize, Onion, Tomato, and Paddy Lowlands 834041 Chalinze-Tunuguo Maize, Cattle, and Cassava 834042 Kilombero-Mtibwa Paddy, Maize, and Sugar Employment 834043 Kilombero-Ulanga-Lusewa Paddy, Maize, and Cassava 834044 Kilosa-Mvomero Maize and Paddy Lowlands 834045 Matombo-Kuyuni Spice, Maize, and Banana 834046 Bagamoyo-Kibaha Midland Cassava, Cashew, and Maize 834047 Morogoro Highland Maize and Vegetable 834048 Maskat-Kimbet Maize and Beans Highlands 834049 Newala-Masasi Plateau Sesame, Cassava, Cashew, and Sorghum 834050 Mtwara-Lindi Coastal Rice and Cashew 834051 Matumbi Midland Upland Rice, Oranges, and Maize 834052 Lindi-Nachingwea Lowland Cassava and Maize 834053 Southeastern Plateau Cassava, Cashew, and Bambara Nuts 834054 Mtwara-Lindi-Pwani Riverine 834055 Singida-Dodoma Sorghum, B/Millet, Sunflower, and Livestock 834056 Dodoma Lowland Sunflower, Grape, and Sorghum 834057 Mpanda Maize, Paddy, Sunflower, and Livestock 834058 Lake Tanganyika-Rukwa Fishing, Maize, and Sunflower 834059 Kyela Paddy, Cacao, and Palm Oil Lowlands 834060 Rungwe Banana, Coffee, Tea, and Livestock Midlands 834061 Mporoto-Umalila Irish Potato, Maize, Wheat, and Pyrethrum Highlands 834062 Mbozi-Mbeya Coffee, Maize, Beans, and Livestock Highlands 834063 Usangu Paddy, Maize, Sorghum, and Livestock Wetlands 834064 Kamsamba Paddy, Sorghum, and Livestock Lowlands 834065 Chunya Maize, Sunflower, Cassava, and Groundnut Midlands 834066 West Chunya Maize, Bulrush Millet, and Sesame Lowlands 834067 Lake Nyasa Shore Cassava Fishing and Paddy 834068 Namtumbo Tobacco, Maize, Paddy, and Cassava Midlands 834069 Matengo Coffee, Maize, Beans, and Piggery Midlands 834070 Songea-Namtumbo-Ludewa-Mibinga Maize, Beans, and Cassava Midlands 834071 Njombe-Mufindi Maize, Timber, Tea, Pyrethrum, and Employment 834072 Mtera Dam Fishing, Sorghum, and Sesame 834073 Makete Wheat, Irish Potato, Timber, and Employment Highlands 834074 Njombe-Mufindi Maize, Irish Potato, and Bean 834075 Iringa-Mbarali Maize, Sunflower, Beans, and Groundnut Belt 834076 Tunduru-Nachingwea-Nanyumbu Cashew, Cassava, and Paddy Lowlands 834077 Mpanda-Chunya-Sikonge Maize and Tobacco Lowlands 834078 Sumbawanga-Mbozi-Mpanda Maize, Sunflower, and Livestock 834098 Water 834099 Not Zoned 854001 South tubers and cereals 854002 Southwest fruits, cotton, and cereals 854003 West cotton and cereals 854004 West cereals and remittances 854005 Central plateau cereals and market gardening 854006 Ouagadougou peri-urban 854007 North and east livestock and cereals 854008 North transhumant pastoralism and millet 854009 Southeast cereals, livestock, forestry and faune 887001 Amran Rainfed Sorghum, Barley, Qat, and Livestock Zone 887002 Arabian Sea Coastal Irrigated Tropical Fruit, Fodder and Livestock Zone 887003 Central and Eastern Plateau Agro-Pastoral Zone 887004 Central and Eastern Wadi Palm, Wheat, Vegetable and Livestock Zone 887005 Central Highland Potato, Vegetable and Livestock Zone 887006 Eastern Plateau Sorghum, Millet and Livestock Zone 887007 Greater Yemen Coastal and Island Fishing Zone 887008 Northern and Eastern Desert Pastoral Zone 887009 Sa'adah Irrigated Wheat, Fruit, Vegetable, Qat, and Livestock Zone 887010 Western and Central Highland Qat, Grain, Fodder and Livestock Zone 887011 Western and Central Wadi Sorghum, Millet, Vegetable, Fruit and Livestock Zone 887012 Western Central Highland Coffee, Qat, Sorghum and Livestock Zone 887013 Western Central Highland Wheat, Sorghum, Qat, and Livestock Zone 887014 Western Coastal Plain Sorghum, Millet, and Livestock Zone 887015 Urban 894001 Zambezi Plain Rice, Livestock, and Fishing 894002 Southwestern Cereal, Livestock, and Timber 894003 Western and Northwestern Cassava, Maize, and Cattle 894004 Kaoma Smallholder Food Crop and Tobacco 894005 Northwestern Timber and Honey 894006 Solwezi and Kasempa Mining Labor and Agriculture 894007 Kafue Plain Maize, Cattle, and Fishing 894008 Commercial Rail Line Maize, Livestock, and Cotton 894009 Southern Plateau Cattle, Maize, and Tobacco 894010 Zambezi Valley Agro-fisheries 894011 Mkushi, Chisamba, and Mpongwe Commercial Farming Block 894012 Central Copperbelt Maize, Cassava, and Sweet Potato 894013 Copperbelt Labor and Trade 894014 Mkushi and Serenje Maize, Sweet Potato, and Horticulture 894015 Luangwa Valley Informal Mining, Fishing, and Hunting 894016 Eastern Plateau Maize, Cotton, and Groundnut 894017 Eastern Plateau Maize, Groundnut, Tobacco, and Trade 894018 Luangwa Valley Subsistence Farming, Hunting, and Tourism 894019 Northern Border Maize, Beans, Livestock, and Trade 894020 Muchinga, Northern, and Luapula Cassava, Groundnut, and Mill 894021 Mweru, Bangweulu, and Tanganyika Fisheries Social Variables -- TOPICS Proportion of land area used for agriculture (circa 2000) CROPLAND reports the proportion of land that is planted in crops, for a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The statistics reported in CROPLAND are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. CROPLAND is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. CROPLAND, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Proportion of land area used for pastureland (circa 2000) PASTURELAND reports the proportion of land that is used as pasture, for a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The pasture area statistics reported in PASTURELAND are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. PASTURELAND is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. PASTURELAND, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation monthly time-series PRECIP consists of a set of 72 separate variables. These variables report the average precipitation in millimeters, received within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, for the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, the month of the survey start date, and the 11 individual months following the survey start date. Note that "average" precipitation here refers to averaging the monthly precipitation values for the various subareas included in the buffer zone. By adding PRECIP to your data cart, you are in effect adding 72 separate variables for: the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, denoted by the number of months prior to the survey start date (e.g., PRECIP_01 is the average precipitation in the month before the survey start date; PRECIP_60 is the average precipitation in the 60th month before the survey start date); the month of the survey start date (PRECIP_00); the 11 individual months following the month of the survey start date, denoted by the number of months following the month of the survey start date (e.g., PRECIP_A01 is the average precipitation in the month following the month of the survey start date). The full set of monthly precipitation data, from January 1981 through August 2018, is available on the IPUMS-DHS contextual variables downloads [URL omitted from DDI.] page. Users can merge the precipitation data, available in csv format, with their IPUMS-DHS data extract to create average or total precipitation variables (e.g., average January precipitation, total 2017 precipitation), for the time frame suited to their research question. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 PRECIP available Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 60 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 59 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 58 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 57 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 56 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 55 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 54 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 53 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 52 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 51 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 50 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 49 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 48 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 47 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 46 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 45 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 44 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 43 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 42 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 41 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 40 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 39 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 38 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 37 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 36 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 35 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 34 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 33 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 32 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 31 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 30 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 29 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 28 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 27 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 26 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 25 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 24 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 23 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 22 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 21 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 20 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 19 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 18 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 17 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 16 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 15 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 14 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 13 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 12 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 11 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 10 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 9 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 8 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 7 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 6 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 5 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 4 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 3 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 2 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 1 month before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation month of survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 1 month after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 2 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 3 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 4 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 5 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 6 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 7 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 8 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 9 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 10 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 11 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum monthly temperature TEMPMIN consists of a set of 72 separate variables reporting minimum monthly temperatures. These variables report the average minimum temperature in kelvin scale, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, for the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, the month of the survey start date, and the 11 individual months following the survey start date. Note that "average" minimum temperature here refers to averaging the minimum temperature values for the various subareas included in the buffer zone. By adding TEMPMIN to your data cart, you are in effect adding 72 separate variables for: the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, denoted by the number of months prior to the survey start date (e.g., TEMPMIN_01 is the average minimum temperature in the month before the survey start date; TEMPMIN _60 is the average minimum temperature in the 60th month before the survey start date) the month of the survey start date (TEMPMIN _00) the 11 individual months following the month of the survey start date, denoted by the number of months following the month of the survey start date (e.g., TEMPMIN_A01 is the average minimum temperature in the month following the month of the survey start date) The full set of monthly temperature data, from January 1980 through December 2016, is available on the IPUMS-DHS contextual variables downloads [URL omitted from DDI.] page. Users can merge the temperature data, available in csv format, with their IPUMS-DHS data extract to create average or total precipitation variables (e.g., average minimum January temperature), for the time frame suited to their research question. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 TEMPMAX available Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 60 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 59 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 58 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 57 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 56 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 55 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 54 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 53 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 52 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 51 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 50 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 49 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 48 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 47 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 46 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 45 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 44 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 43 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 42 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 41 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 40 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 39 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 38 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 37 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 36 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 35 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 34 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 33 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 32 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 31 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 30 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 29 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 28 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 27 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 26 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 25 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 24 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 23 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 22 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 21 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 20 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 19 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 18 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 17 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 16 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 15 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 14 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 13 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 12 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 11 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 10 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 9 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 8 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 7 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 6 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 5 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 4 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 3 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 2 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 1 month before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature month of survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 1 month after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 2 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 3 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 4 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 5 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 6 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 7 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 8 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 9 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 10 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 11 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum monthly temperature TEMPMAX consists of a set of 72 separate variables reporting maximum monthly temperatures. These variables report the average maximum temperature in kelvin scale, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, for the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, the month of the survey start date, and the 11 individual months following the survey start date. Note that "average" maximum temperature here refers to averaging the maximum temperature values for the various subareas included in the buffer zone. By adding TEMPMAX to your data cart, you are in effect adding 72 separate variables for: the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, denoted by the number of months prior to the survey start date (e.g., TEMPMAX_01 is the average maximum temperature in the month before the survey start date; TEMPMAX _60 is the average maximum temperature in the 60th month before the survey start date) the month of the survey start date (TEMPMAX _00) the 11 individual months following the month of the survey start date, denoted by the number of months following the month of the survey start date (e.g., TEMPMAX_A01 is the average maximum temperature in the month following the month of the survey start date). The full set of monthly temperature data, from January 1980 through December 2016, is available on the IPUMS-DHS contextual variables downloads [URL omitted from DDI.] page. Users can merge the temperature data, available in csv format, with their IPUMS-DHS data extract to create average or total precipitation variables (e.g., average maximum July temperature), for the time frame suited to their research question. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 TEMPMAX available Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 60 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 59 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 58 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 57 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 56 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 55 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 54 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 53 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 52 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 51 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 50 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 49 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 48 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 47 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 46 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 45 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 44 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 43 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 42 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 41 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 40 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 39 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 38 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 37 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 36 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 35 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 34 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 33 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 32 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 31 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 30 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 29 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 28 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 27 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 26 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 25 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 24 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 23 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 22 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 21 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 20 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 19 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 18 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 17 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 16 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 15 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 14 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 13 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 12 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 11 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 10 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 9 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 8 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 7 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 6 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 5 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 4 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 3 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 2 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 1 month before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature month of survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 1 month after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 2 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 3 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 4 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 5 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 6 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 7 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 8 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 9 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 10 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 11 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Population density quinquennial time-series (2000-2020) POPDENSITY consists of a set of 5 separate variables. These variables report the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. By adding POPDENSITY to your data cart, you are in effect adding 5 separate variables (POPDENSITY_2000 - POPDENSITY_2020), one variable for each month. Values for POPDENSITY are based onÂ population projections from the results of the 2000 and 2010 rounds of censuses. POPDENSITY variables can be used as indicators of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, for greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. POPDENSITY, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 POPDENSITY available Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2000 POPDENSITY_2000 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2000. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2000 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2000 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2000 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2005 POPDENSITY_2005 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2005. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2005 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2005 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2005 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2010 POPDENSITY_2010 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2010. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2010 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2010 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2010 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2015 POPDENSITY_2015 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2015. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2015 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2015 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2015 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2020 POPDENSITY_2020 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2020. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2020 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2020 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Values for POPDENSITY_2020 are based on population projections from the results of the 2010 round of censuses, which occurred between 2005 and 2014. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2020 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Battles annual time-series BATTLES consists of a set of 22 separate variables, each covering one year from 1997 to 2018. The variables report the number of days, within the specified year, in which battles occurred within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. By adding BATTLES to your data cart, you are in effect adding 22 separate variables (BATTLES_1997 to BATTLES_2018), one variable for each year. The 2018 data in IPUMS-DHS end on September 15, 2018. Data for BATTLES are obtained from the Armed Conflict Location and Event Data Project ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.], downloaded on September 15, 2018. According to ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.], data on BATTLES include: Battles with no change in territory (a battle between two violent armed groups where control of the contested location does not change); Battles in which a non-state actor overtakes territory (a battle where non-state actors win control of a location); Battles in which the government regains territory (a battle in which the government regains control of a location). Users should be aware that all three kinds of battles are included in the variable BATTLES. Also, ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.] data provide differing levels of "geo-precision" or locational accuracy. IPUMS-DHS includes all levels ofÂ locational accuracyÂ in its variable BATTLES. Please refer to ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.] for additional details on ACLED's procedures, methods of data collection, and data revision. BATTLES, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 BATTLES available Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 1997 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 1998 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 1999 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2000 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2001 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2002 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2003 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2004 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2005 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2006 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2007 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2008 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2009 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2010 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2011 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2012 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2013 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2014 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2015 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2016 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2017 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2018 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Riots annual time-series RIOTS consists of a set of 22 separate variables, each covering one year from 1997 to 2018. The variables report the number of days, within the specified year, in which riots or protests occurred within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. By adding RIOTS to your data cart, you are in effect adding 22 separate variables (RIOTS_1997 to RIOTS_2018), one variable for each year. The 2018 data in IPUMS-DHS end on September 15, 2018. Data for RIOTS are obtained from the Armed Conflict Location and Event Data Project ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.], downloaded on September 15, 2018. The RIOTS variable counts incidents of organized demonstrations (against political entities, businesses, or private institutions) involving non-violent protestors or rioters (demonstrators employing violence), as well as spontaneous acts of violence by disorganized groups (targeting property or clashing with other groups or security institutions). Also, ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.] data provide differing levels of "geo-precision" or locational accuracy. IPUMS-DHS includes all levels of locational accuracy in its variable RIOTS. Please refer to ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.] for additional details on ACLED's procedures, methods of data collection, and data revision. RIOTS, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 RIOTS available Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 1997 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 1998 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 1999 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2000 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2001 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2002 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2003 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2004 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2005 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2006 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2007 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2008 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2009 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2010 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2011 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2012 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2013 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2014 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2015 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2016 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2017 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2018 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Violence against civilians annual time-series CIV_VIOLENCE consists of a set of 22 separate variables, each covering one year from 1997 to 2018. The variables report the number of days, within the specified year, in which violence against civilians occurred within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. By adding CIV_VIOLENCE to your data cart, you are in effect adding 22 separate variables (CIV_VIOLENCE_1997 to CIV_VIOLENCE_2018), one variable for each year. The 2018 data in IPUMS-DHS end on September 15, 2018. Data for CIV_VIOLENCE are obtained from the Armed Conflict Location and Event Data Project ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.], downloaded on September 15, 2018. The Armed Conflict Location and Event Data Project (ACLED) defines violence against civilians as deliberate acts perpetrated by an organized political group (such as rebel, militia, or government forces) against unarmed non-combatants who are unable to defend themselves or engage in violence. Such conflicts harm or kill civilians, through events resulting in significant harm (e.g., bombing, shooting, torture, rape, mutilation) or accosting victims (kidnapping and disappearances); however, no fatalities are required for inclusion of the event. Events in which only property damage occurs or people are relocated without physical harm do not count as incidents of violence against civilians. ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.] data provide differing levels of "geo-precision" or locational accuracy. IPUMS-DHS includes all levels of locational accuracy in its variable CIV_VIOLENCE. Please refer to ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.] for additional details on their procedures, methods of data collection, and data revision. CIV_VIOLENCE, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 CIV_VIOLENCE available Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 1997 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 1998 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 1999 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2000 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2001 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2002 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2003 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2004 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2005 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2006 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2007 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2008 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2009 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2010 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2011 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2012 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2013 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2014 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2015 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2016 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2017 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2018 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area barley (in 2000) BARLEY_H reports total harvested area dedicated to barley, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in BARLEY_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable BARLEY_P reports total crop production of barley, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. BARLEY_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area cassava (in 2000) CASSAVA_H reports total harvested area dedicated to cassava, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in CASSAVA_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable CASSAVA_P reports total crop production of cassava, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. CASSAVA_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area cotton (in 2000) COTTON_H reports total harvested area dedicated to cotton, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in COTTON_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable COTTON_P reports total crop production of cotton, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. COTTON_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area groundnuts (in 2000) GROUNDNUT_H reports total harvested area dedicated to groundnuts, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in GROUNDNUT_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable GROUNDNUT_P reports total crop production of groundnuts, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. GROUNDNUT_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area maize (in 2000) MAIZE_H reports total harvested area dedicated to maize, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in MAIZE_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable MAIZE_P reports total crop production of maize, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. MAIZE_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area millet (in 2000) MILLET_H reports total harvested area dedicated to millet, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in MILLET_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable MILLET_P reports total crop production of millet, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. MILLET_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area oilpalm (in 2000) OILPALM_H reports total harvested area dedicated to oil palm, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in OILPALM_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable OILPALM_P reports total crop production of oil palm, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. OILPALM_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area potatoes (in 2000) POTATO_H reports total harvested area dedicated to potatoes, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in POTATO_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable POTATO_P reports total crop production of potatoes, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. POTATO_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area rapeseed (in 2000) RAPESEED_H reports total harvested area dedicated to rapeseed, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in RAPESEED_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RAPESEED_P reports total crop production of rapeseed, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RAPESEED_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area rice (in 2000) RICE_H reports total harvested area dedicated to rice, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in RICE_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RICE_P reports total crop production of rice, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RICE_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area sorghum (in 2000) SORGHUM_H reports total harvested area dedicated to sorghum, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SORGHUM_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SORGHUM_P reports total crop production of sorghum, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SORGHUM_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area soybeans (in 2000) SOYBEAN_H reports total harvested area dedicated to soybeans, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SOYBEAN_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SOYBEAN_P reports total crop production of soybean, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SOYBEAN_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area sugarbeets (in 2000) SUGARBEET_H reports total harvested area dedicated to sugar beets, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SUGARBEET_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUGARBEET_P reports total crop production of sugar beets, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUGARBEET_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area sugarcane (in 2000) SUGARCANE_H reports total harvested area dedicated to sugar cane, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SUGARCANE_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUGARCANE_P reports total crop production of sugar cane, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUGARCANE_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area sunflowers (in 2000) SUNFLOWER_H reports total harvested area dedicated to sunflowers, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SUNFLOWER_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUNFLOWER_P reports total crop production of sunflowers, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUNFLOWER_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area wheat (in 2000) WHEAT_H reports total harvested area dedicated to wheat, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in WHEAT_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable WHEAT_P reports total crop production of wheat, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. WHEAT_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area rye (in 2000) RYE_H reports total harvested area dedicated to rye, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in RYE_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RYE_P reports total crop production of rye, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RYE_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total barley production (in 2000) BARLEY_P reports the total crop production of barley, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in BARLEY_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable BARLEY_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to barley, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. BARLEY_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total cassava production (in 2000) CASSAVA_P reports the total crop production of cassava, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in CASSAVA_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable CASSAVA_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to cassava, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. CASSAVA_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total cotton production (in 2000) COTTON_P reports the total crop production of cotton, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in COTTON_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable COTTON_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to cotton, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. COTTON_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total groundnut production (in 2000) GROUNDNUT_P reports the total crop production of groundnuts, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in GROUNDNUT_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable GROUNDNUT_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to groundnuts, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. GROUNDNUT_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total maize production (in 2000) MAIZE_P reports the total crop production of maize, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in MAIZE_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable MAIZE_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to maize, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. MAIZE_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total millet production (in 2000) MILLET_P reports the total crop production of millet, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in MILLET_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable MILLET_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to millet, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. MILLET_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total oilpalm production (in 2000) OILPALM_P reports the total crop production of oil palm, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in OILPALM_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable OILPALM_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to oil palm, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. OILPALM_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total potato production (in 2000) POTATO_P reports the total crop production of potatoes, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in POTATO_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable POTATO_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to potatoes, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. POTATO_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total rapeseed production (in 2000) RAPESEED_P reports the total crop production of rapeseed, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in RAPESEED_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RAPESEED_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to rapeseed, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RAPESEED_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total rice production (in 2000) RICE_P reports the total crop production of rice, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in RICE_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RICE_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to rice, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RICE_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total sorghum production (in 2000) SORGHUM_P reports the total crop production of sorghum, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SORGHUM_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SORGHUM_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to sorghum, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SORGHUM_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total soybean production (in 2000) SOYBEAN_P reports the total crop production of soybeans, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SOYBEAN_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SOYBEAN_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to soybeans, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SOYBEAN_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total sugarbeet production (in 2000) SUGARBEET_P reports the total crop production of sugar beets, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SUGARBEET_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUGARBEET_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to sugar beets, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUGARBEET_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total sugarcane production (in 2000) SUGARCANE_P reports the total crop production of sugar cane, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SUGARCANE_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUGARCANE_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to sugar cane, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUGARCANE_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total sunflower production (in 2000) SUNFLOWER_P reports the total crop production of sunflowers, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SUNFLOWER_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUNFLOWER_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to sunflowers, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUNFLOWER_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total wheat production (in 2000) WHEAT_P reports the total crop production of wheat, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in WHEAT_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable WHEAT_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to wheat, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. WHEAT_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total rye production (in 2000) RYE_P reports the total crop production of rye, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in RYE_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RYE_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to rye, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RYE_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS IPUMS-DHS sample identifier SAMPLE identifies the DHS sample from which the case is drawn. Each sample receives a unique 5-digit code. The first three digits are ISO/UN codes used in COUNTRY, and the last two digits identify the sample within the country, ordered by survey year. The related variable SAMPLESTR is a string variable that identifies the DHS sample with the same 5-digit code. 00101 Model 2015 00401 Afghanistan 2015 02401 Angola 2015 05001 Bangladesh 1994 05002 Bangladesh 1996-97 05003 Bangladesh 1999-00 05004 Bangladesh 2004 05005 Bangladesh 2007 05006 Bangladesh 2011 05007 Bangladesh 2014 10401 Myanmar 2015 10801 Burundi 1987 10802 Burundi 2010 10803 Burundi 2016 11601 Cambodia 2000 11602 Cambodia 2005 11603 Cambodia 2010 11604 Cambodia 2014 12001 Cameroon 1991 12002 Cameroon 1998 12003 Cameroon 2004 12004 Cameroon 2011 14801 Chad 1996-97 14802 Chad 2004 14803 Chad 2014 18001 Congo Democratic Republic 2007 18002 Congo Democratic Republic 2013-14 20401 Benin 1996 20402 Benin 2001 20403 Benin 2006 20404 Benin 2011 23101 Ethiopia 2000 23102 Ethiopia 2005 23103 Ethiopia 2011 23104 Ethiopia 2016 28801 Ghana 1988 28802 Ghana 1993 28803 Ghana 1998 28804 Ghana 2003 28805 Ghana 2008 28806 Ghana 2014 32001 Guatemala 1987 32002 Guatemala 1995 32003 Guatemala 2015 32401 Guinea 1999 32402 Guinea 2005 32403 Guinea 2012 35601 India 1992-93 35602 India 1998-99 35603 India 2005-06 35604 India 2015-16 38401 Cote d'Ivoire 1994 38402 Cote d'Ivoire 1998 38403 Cote d'Ivoire 2011 40001 Jordan 1990 40002 Jordan 1997 40003 Jordan 2002 40004 Jordan 2007 40005 Jordan 2009 40006 Jordan 2012 40007 Jordan 2017-18 40401 Kenya 1989 40402 Kenya 1993 40403 Kenya 1998 40404 Kenya 2003 40405 Kenya 2008-9 40406 Kenya 2014 42601 Lesotho 2004 42602 Lesotho 2009 42603 Lesotho 2014 45001 Madagascar 1992 45002 Madagascar 1997 45003 Madagascar 2003 45004 Madagascar 2008 45401 Malawi 1992 45402 Malawi 2000 45403 Malawi 2004 45404 Malawi 2010 45405 Malawi 2016 46601 Mali 1987 46602 Mali 1995-6 46603 Mali 2001 46604 Mali 2006 46605 Mali 2012 50401 Morocco 1987 50402 Morocco 1992 50403 Morocco 2003 50801 Mozambique 1997 50802 Mozambique 2003 50803 Mozambique 2011 51601 Namibia 1992 51602 Namibia 2000 51603 Namibia 2006 51604 Namibia 2013 52401 Nepal 1996 52402 Nepal 2001 52403 Nepal 2006 52404 Nepal 2011 52405 Nepal 2016 56201 Niger 1992 56202 Niger 1998 56203 Niger 2006 56204 Niger 2012 56601 Nigeria 1990 56602 Nigeria 1999 56603 Nigeria 2003 56604 Nigeria 2008 56605 Nigeria 2013 58601 Pakistan 1990-91 58602 Pakistan 2006-07 58603 Pakistan 2012-13 58604 Pakistan 2017-18 60401 Peru 1991-92 60402 Peru 1996 60403 Peru 2000 60404 Peru 2004-08 60405 Peru 2010 60406 Peru 2011 60407 Peru 2012 64601 Rwanda 1992 64602 Rwanda 2000 64603 Rwanda 2005 64604 Rwanda 2010 64605 Rwanda 2014 68601 Senegal 1986 68602 Senegal 1992-93 68603 Senegal 1997 68604 Senegal 2005 68605 Senegal 2010-11 68606 Senegal 2012-13 68607 Senegal 2014 68608 Senegal 2015 68609 Senegal 2016 68610 Senegal 2017 71001 South Africa 1998 71002 South Africa 2016 71601 Zimbabwe 1988 71602 Zimbabwe 1994 71603 Zimbabwe 1999 71604 Zimbabwe 2005-6 71605 Zimbabwe 2010-11 71606 Zimbabwe 2015 72901 Sudan 1989-90 78801 Tunisia 1988 79201 Turkey 1993 79202 Turkey 1998 79203 Turkey 2003 80001 Uganda 1988 80002 Uganda 1995 80003 Uganda 2001 80004 Uganda 2006 80005 Uganda 2011 80006 Uganda 2016 81801 Egypt 1988 81802 Egypt 1992 81803 Egypt 1995 81804 Egypt 2000 81805 Egypt 2005 81806 Egypt 2008 81807 Egypt 2014 83401 Tanzania 1991 83402 Tanzania 1996 83403 Tanzania 1999 83404 Tanzania 2004 83405 Tanzania 2010 83406 Tanzania 2015 85401 Burkina Faso 1993 85402 Burkina Faso 1998 85403 Burkina Faso 2003 85404 Burkina Faso 2010 88701 Yemen 1991-92 88702 Yemen 2013 89401 Zambia 1992 89402 Zambia 1996 89403 Zambia 2001 89404 Zambia 2007 89405 Zambia 2013 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS IPUMS-DHS sample identifier (string) SAMPLESTR is a string variable that identifies the DHS sample from which the case is drawn. Each sample receives a unique 5-digit code. The first three digits are ISO/UN codes used in COUNTRY, and the last two digits identify the sample within the country, ordered by survey year. The related variable SAMPLE is a numeric variable that identifies the DHS sample with the same 5-digit code. 11603 Cambodia 2010 11602 Cambodia 2005 11601 Cambodia 2000 10803 Burundi 2016 10802 Burundi 2010 10801 Burundi 1987 10401 Myanmar 2015 05007 Bangladesh 2014 05006 Bangladesh 2011 05005 Bangladesh 2007 05004 Bangladesh 2004 05003 Bangladesh 1999-00 05001 Bangladesh 1994 05002 Bangladesh 1996-97 14801 Chad 1996-97 12004 Cameroon 2011 12003 Cameroon 2004 14803 Chad 2014 18001 Congo Democratic Republic 2007 18002 Congo Democratic Republic 2013-14 20401 Benin 1996 81807 Egypt 2014 81806 Egypt 2008 81805 Egypt 2005 81804 Egypt 2000 81803 Egypt 1995 81802 Egypt 1992 81801 Egypt 1988 80006 Uganda 2016 80005 Uganda 2011 80004 Uganda 2006 80003 Uganda 2001 80002 Uganda 1995 80001 Uganda 1988 79203 Turkey 2003 79202 Turkey 1998 79201 Turkey 1993 78801 Tunisia 1988 72901 Sudan 1989-90 71606 Zimbabwe 2015 71605 Zimbabwe 2010-11 71604 Zimbabwe 2005-6 71603 Zimbabwe 1999 71602 Zimbabwe 1994 71601 Zimbabwe 1988 71001 South Africa 1998 68610 Senegal 2017 68609 Senegal 2016 68608 Senegal 2015 68607 Senegal 2014 14802 Chad 2004 68606 Senegal 2012-13 68605 Senegal 2010-11 68604 Senegal 2005 68603 Senegal 1997 68602 Senegal 1992-93 68601 Senegal 1986 64605 Rwanda 2014 64604 Rwanda 2010 64603 Rwanda 2005 64602 Rwanda 2000 64601 Rwanda 1992 60407 Peru 2012 60406 Peru 2011 60405 Peru 2010 60404 Peru 2004-08 60403 Peru 2000 60402 Peru 1996 60401 Peru 1991-92 58603 Pakistan 2012-13 58602 Pakistan 2006-07 58601 Pakistan 1990-91 56605 Nigeria 2013 56604 Nigeria 2008 56603 Nigeria 2003 56602 Nigeria 1999 56601 Nigeria 1990 56204 Niger 2012 56203 Niger 2006 56202 Niger 1998 12002 Cameroon 1998 12001 Cameroon 1991 11604 Cambodia 2014 02401 Angola 2015 00401 Afghanistan 2015 00101 Model 2015 56201 Niger 1992 52404 Nepal 2011 52403 Nepal 2006 52402 Nepal 2001 52401 Nepal 1996 51604 Namibia 2013 51603 Namibia 2006 51602 Namibia 2000 51601 Namibia 1992 50803 Mozambique 2011 50802 Mozambique 2003 50801 Mozambique 1997 50403 Morocco 2003 50402 Morocco 1992 50401 Morocco 1987 46605 Mali 2012 46604 Mali 2006 46603 Mali 2001 46602 Mali 1995-6 46601 Mali 1987 45405 Malawi 2016 45404 Malawi 2010 45403 Malawi 2004 45402 Malawi 2000 45401 Malawi 1992 45004 Madagascar 2008 45003 Madagascar 2003 45002 Madagascar 1997 45001 Madagascar 1992 42603 Lesotho 2014 42602 Lesotho 2009 42601 Lesotho 2004 40406 Kenya 2014 40405 Kenya 2008-9 40404 Kenya 2003 40403 Kenya 1998 40402 Kenya 1993 40401 Kenya 1989 40006 Jordan 2012 40005 Jordan 2009 40004 Jordan 2007 40003 Jordan 2002 40002 Jordan 1997 40001 Jordan 1990 38403 Cote d'Ivoire 2011 38402 Cote d'Ivoire 1998 38401 Cote d'Ivoire 1994 35604 India 2015-16 35603 India 2005-06 35602 India 1998-99 35601 India 1992-93 32403 Guinea 2012 32402 Guinea 2005 32401 Guinea 1999 32003 Guatemala 2015 32002 Guatemala 1995 32001 Guatemala 1987 28806 Ghana 2014 28805 Ghana 2008 28804 Ghana 2003 28803 Ghana 1998 28802 Ghana 1993 28801 Ghana 1988 23104 Ethiopia 2016 23103 Ethiopia 2011 23102 Ethiopia 2005 23101 Ethiopia 2000 20404 Benin 2011 20403 Benin 2006 20402 Benin 2001 83401 Tanzania 1991 83402 Tanzania 1996 83403 Tanzania 1999 83404 Tanzania 2004 83405 Tanzania 2010 83406 Tanzania 2015 85401 Burkina Faso 1993 85402 Burkina Faso 1998 85403 Burkina Faso 2003 85404 Burkina Faso 2010 88701 Yemen 1991-92 88702 Yemen 2013 89401 Zambia 1992 89402 Zambia 1996 89403 Zambia 2001 89404 Zambia 2007 89405 Zambia 2013 40007 Jordan 2017 52405 Nepal 2016 58604 Pakistan 2017-18 71002 South Africa 2016 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Country COUNTRY reports the country where the survey was fielded. The codes assigned to each country are those used by the UN Statistics Division and the ISO (International Organization for Standardization). 001 Model 004 Afghanistan 024 Angola 050 Bangladesh 104 Myanmar 108 Burundi 116 Cambodia 120 Cameroon 148 Chad 180 Congo Democratic Republic 204 Benin 231 Ethiopia 288 Ghana 320 Guatemala 324 Guinea 356 India 384 Cote d'Ivoire 400 Jordan 404 Kenya 426 Lesotho 450 Madagascar 454 Malawi 466 Mali 504 Morocco 508 Mozambique 516 Namibia 524 Nepal 562 Niger 566 Nigeria 586 Pakistan 604 Peru 646 Rwanda 686 Senegal 710 South Africa 716 Zimbabwe 729 Sudan 788 Tunisia 792 Turkey 800 Uganda 818 Egypt 834 Tanzania 854 Burkina Faso 887 Yemen 894 Zambia Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Year of sample YEAR reports the year when the survey was fielded, as a four-digit variable. In some cases, the DHS was conducted over the course of two years (e.g., Ethiopia 2010-2011), but YEAR always gives a single year. For full information about the timing of the surveys, please consult the IPUMS-DHS Sample Descriptions page. 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 2017 2017 2018 2018 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Unique cross-sample respondent identifier IDHSPID is an identifying number unique to person in a given sample. It is a concatenation of SAMPLE and CASEID. IDHSPID is a 22-character string variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Unique cross-sample household identifier IDHSHID is an identifying number unique to a specific household in a given sample. It is a concatenation of SAMPLE, CLUSTERNO and HHNUM. IDHSHID is a 19-character string variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Key to link DHS clusters to context data (string) DHSID is the 14-character DHS identification code for DHS clusters constructed from the 2-character country code, the 4-digit survey year, and the 8-digit cluster identification number. DHSID is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample and uniquely identifies clusters across samples. It serves as the unique linking key between IPUMS-DHS microdata and DHS cluster shapefiles. This is a 14-digit numeric variable with 0 implied decimal places Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Unique sample-case PSU identifier IDHSPSU is an identifying number unique to the primary sampling unit in a given sample. This variable is a concatenation of SAMPLE (which uniquely identifies each country- and year-specific sample) and PSU (the numbered primary sampling units within a given sample). Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Unique cross-sample sampling strata IDHSSTRATA is an identifying number unique to the sampling strata in a given sample. This variable is a concatenation of SAMPLE (which uniquely identifies each country- and year-specific sample) and STRATA (groups of geographically similar areas, from which primary sampling units are drawn). Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific respondent identifier CASEID is the unique identifier for each woman in a given sample year. Using CASEID and CLUSTERNO, analysts can link IPUMS-DHS data to the original DHS datasets to attach variables that are not currently available in IPUMS-DHS. For example, researchers can use CASEID and CLUSTERNO to link variables from the IPUMS-DHS with other variables from the Woman's Recode file to merge country-specific variables, or to the Household or Couples Recode file to attach variables that are not yet part of IPUMS-DHS. In most samples, users can identify women who are in the same household by using the first 12 characters of CASEID (and CLUSTERNO (V001)), as this indicates a unique household identifier. CASEID is generally created by The DHS Program using the variables CLUSTERNO (V001), HHNUM (V002), and LINENO (V003), with the last three characters indicating the respondent's line number in the household file. For instructions on how to create links between IPUMS-DHS data and DHS source data, see the User Note on "Merging IDHS and DHS Data." [URL omitted from DDI.] CASEID is a 18-character string variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific household identifier HHID is an identifying number unique to each household in a given sample. HHID is a 15-character string variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific primary sampling unit PSU (V021) is the variable indicating the primary sampling unit or PSU. It should be used along with the variable DOMAIN (V023) to account for the impact of the sample design clustering on the variance estimates and standard errors. The DHS Recode Manuals for Phase 2 forward describe this variable as follows: Primary sampling unit is a number assigned to sample points to identify the primary sampling units for use in the calculation of sampling errors. This variable is usually the same as the cluster number and/or the ultimate area unit, but may differ if the sample design required a multistage selection process. See the notes on DHS webpage "Using sample weights" [URL omitted from DDI.] on variance estimation for additional information. PSU (V021) is a 6-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific sampling strata STRATA (V022) defines the pairings or groupings of primary sampling units used in the calculation of sampling errors when using the Taylor series expansion method. In two-stage sampling, The DHS Program may first group small geographic areas, such as enumeration areas from the last census, into broad strata defined jointly by region and urban versus rural areas within a region. In the second stage of sampling, a subset of geographic areas (sample clusters) are selected as the sites for interviewing from within defined strata. STRATA is not the same as DOMAIN (V023). (Domains represent statistically representative areas for which valid summary statistics can be calculated for a survey, such as provinces and national urban versus rural combined areas, as described in the survey's final report.) The DHS Program recommends using STRATA along with the variable PSU (V021) to account for the impact of the sample design clustering on the estimates of variance and standard errors. Users are strongly encouraged to review the FAQ section provided by The DHS Program on specifying stratification and clustering here [URL omitted from DDI.], using Stata or SPSS to account for sample design. STRATA (V022) is a 5-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific domain DOMAIN (V023) defines the basic geographic units for which the sample was designed to yield representative estimates. The DHS Recode Manual describes DOMAIN as follows: For example, if the sample was designed to be self-weighting within region, this variable would define those regions; if the sample was designed to be self-weighting within major urban areas, other urban areas and rural areas, this variable would define the major urban, other urban and rural areas. If the sample is self-weighted at the national level, this variable is code 0. When national estimates are desired, users should include survey design variables, including DOMAIN (V023) and PSU (V021), and the correct sample weights (e.g., PERWEIGHT (V005)) to adjust sampling errors to account for DHS' sample design. In most countries, DOMAIN defines the stratification for the sample (generally either regional or national). However, some countries use two levels of stratification, such as region and urban/rural areas. Users should check for the correct stratification design by consulting the Final Report(s) for the sample(s) of interest (particularly the Introduction and Sample Design sections and Implementation Appendix). DOMAIN is a 5-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Household number in cluster HHNUM (V002) is the number identifying the household in which the respondent was interviewed, within each sample. To identify unique households in most samples, researchers must use HHNUM with CLUSTERNO (V001). For most samples, HHNUM and CLUSTERNO can be used to merge IPUMS-DHS data from the women's file to DHS Household Recode files, to incorporate household variables not yet available in the IPUMS-DHS. However, in some household files, HHNUM and CLUSTERNO do not uniquely identify households in the DHS Household Recode file. For information about the IPUMS-DHS samples where HHNUM and CLUSTERNO are not sufficient to uniquely identify households, and for guidance on what further steps to take for linking files in such cases, please consult the User Note on Linking. [URL omitted from DDI.] HHNUM is a 4-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific cluster number CLUSTERNO (V001) reports the cluster number for the person's de facto residence. According to the DHS Sampling Manual, "A cluster is the smallest geographical survey statistical unit for DHS surveys. It consists of a number of adjacent households in a geographical area. For DHS surveys, a cluster corresponds either to an [enumeration area], or a segment of a large [enumeration area]." The most recent census for a country, which divided all territory into enumeration areas to ensure full coverage of the population, often provides the sampling frame for a DHS survey. CLUSTERNO is the variable indicating the primary sampling unit or PSU. It should be used along with the variable STRATA to account for the impact of the sample design clustering on the estimates of variance and standard errors. See the notes on DHS webpage "Use sample weights" [URL omitted from DDI.] on variance estimation for additional information. CLUSTERNO (V001) and HHNUM (V002) can be used to merge the women's individual recode file to the household recode file. See the DHS webpage Merging Datasets [URL omitted from DDI.] on variables to be used for linking data sets. CLUSTERNO is an 8 digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific ultimate area unit ULTAREAUNIT (V004) reports the ultimate area unit for the person's de facto residence. According to the DHS recode manuals, ULTAREAUNIT is a number assigned to each sample point to identify the ultimate area units in the collection of data. It is usually the same as the cluster number [CLUSTERNO (V001)], but may be a sequentially numbered variable for samples with a more complicated structure. ULTAREAUNIT can be used to account for the impact of the sampling design clustering on the variance estimates and standard errors. ULTAREAUNIT (V004) is a 4-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Household line number of woman respondent HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULE: We would like some information about people who usually live in your household or are staying with you now. 1. LINE NUMBER ____ LINENO (V003) reports the number of the line on which the DHS interviewer recorded the woman's name, when filling out the household schedule. After asking "Please give me the names of the persons who usually live in your household or are staying with you now, starting with the head of the household," the interviewer recorded each name in turn on successively numbered lines printed on the household survey form. 001 1 002 2 003 3 004 4 005 5 006 6 007 7 008 8 009 9 010 10 011 11 012 12 013 13 014 14 015 15 016 16 017 17 018 18 019 19 020 20 021 21 022 22 023 23 024 24 025 25 026 26 027 27 028 28 029 29 030 30 031 31 032 32 033 33 034 34 035 35 036 36 037 37 038 38 039 39 040 40 041 41 042 42 043 43 044 44 045 45 046 46 047 47 048 48 049 49 050 50 051 51 052 52 053 53 054 54 055 55 056 56 057 57 058 58 059 59 060 60 061 61 062 62 063 63 064 64 065 65 066 66 067 67 068 68 069 69 070 70 071 71 072 72 073 73 074 74 075 75 076 76 077 77 078 78 079 79 080 80 081 81 082 82 083 83 084 84 085 85 086 86 087 87 088 88 089 89 090 90 091 91 092 92 093 93 094 94 095 95 096 96 097 97 098 98 099 99 100 100 101 101 102 102 103 103 104 104 105 105 106 106 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Respondent's line number (answering Household questionnaire) HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULE: We would like some information about people who usually live in your household or are staying with you now. 1. LINE NUMBER ____ LINENOHHRESP (HV003) reports the line number in the household schedule of the person responding to the questions asked in the household questionnaire. If nobody in the household was available for the interview, this variable is coded "00." 00 Not in household 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 98 Missing Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Maternity history index to birth history 402. ENTER THE LINE NUMBER, NAME, AND SURVIVAL STATUS FOR EACH BIRTH SINCE JANUARY 1994 IN THE REPRODUCTION TABLE. ASK THE QUESTIONS FOR ALL BIRTHS BEGINNING WITH THE LAST BIRTH. (IF THERE ARE MORE THAN 2 BIRTHS, USE LAST COLUMN OF ADDITIONAL QUESTIONNAIRES.) MIDX reports the young child's line number in the woman respondent's maternity history. For children who are included in the maternity history (pregnancy and postnatal care section of the questionnaire, normally children under age 3, 4, or 5), the value of MIDX is the same as the child's line number in the birth history (BIDX). According to the DHS Recode Manuals, "For twins, the information in their entries will be identical for all variables relating to prenatal care." 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 9 NIU (not in universe) Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Birth history index number Now I would like to record the names of all your births, whether still alive or not, starting with the first one you had. 211. RECORD NAMES OF ALL THE BIRTHS IN 212. RECORD TWINS ON SEPARATE LINES. BIDX reports the index number of the child in the mother's birth history, from 1 to n, where the nth birth is the mother's first birth, and 1 is the most recently born child. Up to 20 births could be reported by a woman. After asking "Now I would like to record the names of all your births, whether still alive or not, with the first one you had," the interviewer recorded each child's name in turn on successively numbered lines printed in the "Reproduction" section of the individual woman's questionnaire. Combined with CASEID, BIDX uniquely identifies children within a sample. Combined with IDHSPID, BIDX uniquely identifies children across samples. Using these variables, data users can link IPUMS-DHS data to original DHS child-level and birth-level datasets. 07 7 08 8 09 9 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 01 1 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Health history index to birth history 441. LINE NUMBER FROM 212. LINE NUMBER ____ HIDX reports the young child's line number in the woman respondent's health history section. For children who are included in the health history (normally, children under age 3, 4, or 5), the value of HIDX is the same as the child's line number in the birth history (BIDX). After asking, "Now I would like to record the names of all your births, whether still alive or not, with the first one you had," the interviewer recorded each child's name in turn on successively numbered lines printed in the "Reproduction" section of the individual woman's questionnaire. 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 6 6 5 5 4 4 3 3 2 2 1 1 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample weight for persons PERWEIGHT (V005) is an 8-digit variable with 6 implied decimal places, which should be used as a weighting factor to produce representative numbers accurately describing the surveyed population. While the DHS Recode Manuals direct the researcher to divide the original weight variable by 1,000,000 before applying the weighting factor to the original DHS data files, it is not necessary to modify the value of PERWEIGHT before applying this weight to cases in IPUMS-DHS. PERWEIGHT should be used to weight nearly all tabulations made using IPUMS-DHS data. Occasionally, as with the domestic violence variables, a subset of respondents are randomly selected to answer questions from a survey module, and a specialized weight such as DVWEIGHT should be used instead. Note: The 6 implied decimal places in PERWEIGHT mean that the last six digits of the eight-digit variable are decimal digits, but there is no actual decimal in the data. PERWEIGHT is an 8-digit numeric variable with 6 implied decimal places. See the variable description for directions on the use of PERWEIGHT. Weights and subsample selection Variables -- TOPICS All woman factor for total population AWFACTT is a 5-digit variable (in IPUMS-DHS) with 2 implied decimal places that is used to create total population estimates for all women of childbearing age, for those samples interviewing only ever-married women. A post from DHS senior staff member Tom Pullum on the DHS Users Forum explains, The all-woman factors are needed when you are trying to estimate something for all women, but you have to work with ever-married women because that's all you have in the sample. An example is when you want to estimate a fertility rate for all women but you only have the births and exposure for ever-married women. You have to assume that (a) never-married women have no births and (b) awfact/100 is a multiplier to inflate exposure for ever-married women to exposure for all women. For surveys that used a sampling frame of all women of childbearing age, AWFACTT has a value of 100 (or 1.00, with two decimal places), and thus has no effect on the survey statistics when used as a multiplier. For samples that included only ever-married women, AWFACTT serves as a multiplier to create total population figures for all women of childbearing age, following the assumptions noted above. The width of AWFACTT ranges from a low of 3 to a high of 5 in the original DHS files; see Comparability for further discussion. AWFACTT is a 5-digit numeric variable with 2 implied decimal places. See the variable description for directions on the use of AWFACTT. Weights and subsample selection Variables -- TOPICS Year of interview INTYEAR (V007) reports the year the interview took place. The dates reported in INTYEAR are based on the Gregorian calendar. Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Month of interview MONTHINT (V006) reports the month when the interview took place. 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Day of interview INTDAY (V016) reports the day of the month on which the interview took place. INTDAY uses dates expressed in the Gregorian calendar. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Century month date of interview INTDATECMC (V008) reports century month code for the date on which the interview took place. Century month codes (CMC) are particularly useful for checking the consistency of dates, calculating intervals between events, and imputing dates when the information for an event is missing or partially complete. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC minus ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006). [URL omitted from DDI.]. The century month codes reported in INTDATECMC are calculated using the Gregorian calculator. INTDATECMC (V008) is a 4-digit variable. Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Century month code (CMC) for start of survey INTSTARTCMC reports the century month code (CMC) for the first month the survey was fielded, according to the DHS Program website. The contextual variables in IPUMS DHS use the month in INTSTARTCMC as the month of the survey start date. The related variable INTENDCMC reports the century month code for the last month the survey was fielded, according to the DHS Program website. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006). [URL omitted from DDI.]. The century month codes reported in INTSTARTCMC are calculated using the Gregorian calculator. 1415 1415 1414 1414 1399 1399 1397 1397 1408 1408 1402 1402 1398 1398 1393 1393 1392 1392 1391 1391 1390 1390 1388 1388 1387 1387 1386 1386 1381 1381 1379 1379 1378 1378 1377 1377 1374 1374 1373 1373 1372 1372 1369 1369 1365 1365 1364 1364 1361 1361 1358 1358 1355 1355 1354 1354 1353 1353 1350 1350 1346 1346 1344 1344 1339 1339 1338 1338 1333 1333 1332 1332 1330 1330 1329 1329 1328 1328 1327 1327 1326 1326 1325 1325 1320 1320 1318 1318 1307 1307 1305 1305 1302 1302 1299 1299 1296 1296 1290 1290 1288 1288 1287 1287 1285 1285 1283 1283 1281 1281 1280 1280 1277 1277 1274 1274 1273 1273 1271 1271 1269 1269 1268 1268 1264 1264 1262 1262 1258 1258 1257 1257 1255 1255 1250 1250 1249 1249 1248 1248 1247 1247 1246 1246 1244 1244 1243 1243 1242 1242 1241 1241 1240 1240 1239 1239 1231 1231 1223 1223 1220 1220 1213 1213 1209 1209 1207 1207 1206 1206 1202 1202 1199 1199 1197 1197 1193 1193 1191 1191 1187 1187 1185 1185 1184 1184 1179 1179 1178 1178 1177 1177 1173 1173 1170 1170 1167 1167 1165 1165 1164 1164 1163 1163 1160 1160 1159 1159 1158 1158 1153 1153 1151 1151 1143 1143 1135 1135 1134 1134 1127 1127 1125 1125 1124 1124 1118 1118 1116 1116 1115 1115 1113 1113 1111 1111 1110 1110 1109 1109 1108 1108 1107 1107 1105 1105 1103 1103 1102 1102 1096 1096 1092 1092 1090 1090 1084 1084 1079 1079 1068 1068 1066 1066 1065 1065 1062 1062 1058 1058 1049 1049 1047 1047 1036 1036 Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Century month code (CMC) for end of survey INTENDCMC reports the century month code (CMC) for the last month the survey was fielded, according to the DHS Program website. The related variable INTSTARTCMC reports the century month code for the first month the survey was fielded, according to the DHS Program website. The contextual variables in IPUMS DHS use the month in INTSTARTCMC as the month of the survey start date. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006). [URL omitted from DDI.]. The century month codes reported in INTENDCMC are calculated using the Gregorian calculator. 1418 1418 1417 1417 1403 1403 1420 1420 1039 1039 1051 1051 1052 1052 1062 1062 1066 1066 1069 1069 1070 1070 1073 1073 1085 1085 1090 1090 1092 1092 1097 1097 1101 1101 1105 1105 1107 1107 1108 1108 1109 1109 1110 1110 1114 1114 1115 1115 1118 1118 1119 1119 1124 1124 1125 1125 1126 1126 1130 1130 1131 1131 1139 1139 1148 1148 1153 1153 1157 1157 1158 1158 1160 1160 1163 1163 1165 1165 1167 1167 1168 1168 1171 1171 1174 1174 1176 1176 1182 1182 1183 1183 1185 1185 1187 1187 1190 1190 1191 1191 1193 1193 1195 1195 1199 1199 1200 1200 1203 1203 1204 1204 1205 1205 1207 1207 1208 1208 1211 1211 1212 1212 1215 1215 1217 1217 1218 1218 1223 1223 1229 1229 1233 1233 1242 1242 1244 1244 1245 1245 1246 1246 1247 1247 1249 1249 1250 1250 1251 1251 1253 1253 1256 1256 1261 1261 1262 1262 1265 1265 1266 1266 1267 1267 1268 1268 1272 1272 1274 1274 1275 1275 1276 1276 1277 1277 1280 1280 1282 1282 1283 1283 1284 1284 1286 1286 1287 1287 1292 1292 1294 1294 1295 1295 1300 1300 1302 1302 1306 1306 1307 1307 1310 1310 1316 1316 1320 1320 1321 1321 1325 1325 1331 1331 1333 1333 1335 1335 1336 1336 1337 1337 1338 1338 1340 1340 1343 1343 1344 1344 1347 1347 1349 1349 1350 1350 1354 1354 1356 1356 1358 1358 1360 1360 1362 1362 1365 1365 1367 1367 1370 1370 1372 1372 1374 1374 1378 1378 1379 1379 1380 1380 1384 1384 1390 1390 1392 1392 1394 1394 1398 1398 1399 1399 1402 1402 1404 1404 1405 1405 1406 1406 1416 1416 Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Time interview started (hhmm - 24 hour clock) SECTION 1. SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE RESPONDENTS 101. RECORD THE TIME. HOUR _____ MINUTES ______ INTSTART (V801) reports the time of the start of the interview. The first two digits give the time in hours using the 24-hour clock, and the last two digits give the minutes within that hour. For example, a code of "1349" indicates the interview began at 1:49 P.M. 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Time interview ended (hhmm - 24 hour clock) [GO TO NEXT COLUMN. IF NO MORE BROTHERS OR SISTERS, GO TO 916] 916. RECORD THE TIME. HOURS ____ MINUTES ____ INTEND (V802) reports the time of the end of the interview. The first two digits give the time in hours using the 24-hour clock, and the last two digits give the minutes within that hour. For example, a code of "1349" indicates the interview ended at 1:49 P.M. 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Length of interview (minutes) [GO TO NEXT COLUMN. IF NO MORE BROTHERS OR SISTERS, GO TO 916] 916. RECORD THE TIME. HOURS ____ MINUTES ____ INTDURATION (V803) reports the duration of the female interview (in minutes). The duration is top-coded at 95 minutes. Interviews that required more than one visit (INTVISITNO (V804) are coded as "96" for "2+ visits." INTDURATION is calculated based on the interview's start and end times in INTSTART (V801) and INTEND (V802). 00 0 minutes 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 83 84 84 85 85 86 86 87 87 88 88 89 89 90 90 91 91 92 92 93 93 94 94 95 95+ 96 2+ visits 97 Inconsistent 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Number of visits for the interview TOTAL NUMBER OF VISITS _____ INTVISITNO (V804) reports the number of visits required to complete the female interview. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Result of individual interview RESULT ____ 1 COMPLETED 2 NOT AT HOME 3 DEFERRED 4 REFUSED 5 PARTIALLY COMPLETED 6 INCAPACITATED 7 OTHER (SPECIFY) INTRESULT (V015) reports the result of the individual interview. Code 1 represents a completed interview. Only completed interview cases are included in the DHS women's individual recode files, which provide the source material for IPUMS-DHS. 7 Other 6 Respondent Incapacitated 5 Partly completed 4 Refused 3 Postponed 2 Not at home 1 Completed General technical Variables -- TOPICS Ever-married or all-women sample EVMARALLSAMP (V020) indicates whether the sample includes only ever-married women or includes all women of childbearing age. 1 All women sample 2 Ever-married women sample General technical Variables -- TOPICS Identification number of interviewer, women's survey INTERVIEWER VISITS INTERVIEW ONE (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD INTERVIEWS) DATE ____ INTERVIEWER'S NAME ____ INTERVIEWERIDIR (V028) reports the interviewer identification code for the interviewer conducting the individual women's interviews for women of childbearing age. Codes are country- and sample-specific; a given numeric code in one survey refers to a different person than the same numeric code in another survey. Numbering of interviewer codes is not necessarily consecutive; some surveys use "0" as an identification code, for example, while others begin with a 3-digit number. Using the interviewer identification codes, researchers can evaluate whether the quality of responses (e.g., the number of "missing" cases) depended on the person conducting the interview. General technical Variables -- TOPICS Identification number of interviewer, household survey INTERVIEWER VISITS DATE ___ INTERVIEWER'S NAME ____ RESULT____ 1 COMPLETED 2 NO HOUSEHOLD MEMBER AT HOME OR NO COMPETENT PERSON AT HOME AT TIME OF VISIT 3 ENTIRE HOUSEHOLD ABSENT FOR AN EXTENDED PERIOD 4 POSTPONED 5 REFUSED 6 DWELLING VACANT OR ADDRESS NOT A DWELLING 7 DWELLING DESTROYED 8 DWELLING NOT FOUND 9 OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________________ INTERVIEWERIDHH (HV018) reports the interviewer identification code for the interviewer conducting the household survey. Codes are country- and sample-specific; a given numeric code in one survey refers to a different person than the same numeric code in another survey. Numbering of interviewer codes is not necessarily consecutive; some surveys use "0" as an identification code, for example, while others begin with a 3-digit number. Using the interviewer identification codes, researchers can evaluate whether the quality of responses (e.g., the number of "missing" cases) depended on the person conducting the interview. General technical Variables -- TOPICS Urban-rural status URBAN (V025) indicates whether the person's de facto residence was in an urban or rural location. The definition of urban varies across countries. See Comparability. 2 Rural 1 Urban Geography, general Variables -- TOPICS De facto place of residence DEFACTORES (V026) reports the type of place--city, town, or countryside--where the person was interviewed. 10 City 11 Capital or other large city 12 Other city 20 Town or countryside 21 Town 22 Countryside Geography, general Variables -- TOPICS Years lived in place of residence 103. How long have you been living continuously in (NAME OF CURRENT PLACE OF RESIDENCE)? YEARS ____ ALWAYS 95 (GO TO 105) VISITOR 96 (GO TO 105) RESIDEINTYR (V104) reports the number of years the woman had been living continuously in the village, town, or city where she was interviewed. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 95 Always 96 Visitor 97 Inconsistent 98 Missing Migration Variables -- TOPICS Madagascar regions, 1992-2008 [integrated; GIS] IDENTIFICATION PLACE NAME ____ NAME OF HOUSEHOLD HEAD ____ CLUSTER NUMBER ____ HOUSEHOLD UNIT NUMBER ____ REGION (FARITANY) ____ GEO_ MG1992_2008 indicates the region of Madagascar where the respondent was interviewed. The variable is integrated to yield units with consistent boundaries across samples. Labels identify the modern geographic units (autonomous provinces) contained in each integrated region. Each sample also has its own non-integrated geography variable. The 2008 Madagascar sample has greater geographic detail available in its sample-specific variable. An integrated GIS map (in shapefile format) for Madagascar can be downloaded here [URL omitted from DDI.]. 7 Diana, Sava (Antsiranana) 5 Atsimo Andrefana, Androy, Anosy, Menabe (Toliary) 4 Boeny, Sofia, Betsiboka, Melaky (Mahajanga) 3 Atsinanana, Analanjirofo, Alaotra Mangoro (Toamasina) 2 Haute Matsiatra, Anamoroni'i Mania, Vatovavy Fitovinany, Ihorombe, Atsimo Atsinanana (Fianarantsoa) 1 Analamanga, Vakinankaratra, Itasy, Bongolava (Antananarivo) Integrated geography Variables -- TOPICS Madagascar regions, 1997 [GIS] IDENTIFICATION PLACE NAME ____ NAME OF HOUSEHOLD HEAD ____ CLUSTER NUMBER ____ HOUSEHOLD UNIT NUMBER ____ REGION (FARITANY) ____ GEO_MG1997 (V101_MG1997) indicates the region of Madagascar where the respondent was interviewed. DHS units in the 1997 Madagascar survey are equivalent to autonomous provinces. Other sample years have their own sample-specific geography variables. There is also an integrated variable, GEO_MG1992_2008, that provides spatially consistent units over time. A GIS map for GEO_MG1997 (in shapefile format) can be downloaded from the DHS Program Spatial Data Repository [URL omitted from DDI.] Boundaries page. 6 Antsiranana 5 Toliary 4 Mahajanga 3 Toamasina 2 Fianarantsoa 1 Antananarivo Single sample geography Variables -- TOPICS Age 106. How old were you at your last birthday? COMPARE AND CORRECT 105 AND/OR 106 IF INCONSISTENT. AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS _______ AGE (V012) reports the woman's age. DHS surveys collect information about the woman's age through questions about age at last birthday and date of birth. DHS Recode Manuals provide the following information about how the AGE variable is calculated: Current age in completed years is calculated from the century month code of the date of birth of the respondent (V011) and the century month code of the date of interview (V008). In a few cases the age in the data file will be different from that reported by the respondent when the respondent's birthday was in the month of interview, but she had not yet had her birthday. If the respondent correctly reported her age at her last birthday (and not her age at her next birthday) then the calculated age was rounded up from the reported age, to avoid inconsistencies between the age and the century month code for the birth. 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Age in 5 year groups 106. How old were you at your last birthday? COMPARE AND CORRECT 105 AND/OR 106 IF INCONSISTENT. AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS _______ AGE5YEAR (V013) reports the woman's age in 5-year groups, based on data from the AGE (V012) variable. The age range of women interviewed varies across samples. See Comparability. 10 10 to 14 11 10 to 14 12 12 to 14 13 13 to 14 20 15-19 30 20-24 40 25-29 50 30-34 60 35-39 70 40-44 80 45-49 90 50+ 91 50-54 92 55-59 93 60-64 Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Woman's month of birth 105. In what month and year were you born? MONTH ____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ____ DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 9998 BIRTHMO (V009) reports the woman's month of birth. 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Woman's year of birth 105. In what month and year were you born? MONTH ____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ____ DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 9998 BIRTHYEAR (V010) reports the woman's year of birth. 1995 1995 1994 1994 1993 1993 1992 1992 1991 1991 1990 1990 1989 1989 1988 1988 1987 1987 1986 1986 1985 1985 1984 1984 1983 1983 1982 1982 1981 1981 1980 1980 1979 1979 1978 1978 1977 1977 1976 1976 1975 1975 1974 1974 1973 1973 1972 1972 1971 1971 1970 1970 1969 1969 1968 1968 1967 1967 1966 1966 1965 1965 1964 1964 1963 1963 1962 1962 1961 1961 1960 1960 1959 1959 1958 1958 1957 1957 1956 1956 1955 1955 1954 1954 1953 1953 1952 1952 1951 1951 1950 1950 1949 1949 1948 1948 1947 1947 1946 1946 1945 1945 1944 1944 1943 1943 1942 1942 1941 1941 1940 1940 1939 1939 1938 1938 1937 1937 1936 1936 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Respondent's date of birth, in century months 105. In what month and year were you born? MONTH ____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ____ DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 9998 DOBCMC (V011) reports the century month code (CMC) for the woman's date of birth. Century month codes (CMC) are particularly useful for checking the consistency of dates, calculating intervals between events, and imputing dates when the information for an event is missing or partially complete. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006) [URL omitted from DDI.]. DOBCMC (V011) is a 4-digit variable. Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Information given on respondent's date of birth 105. In what month and year were you born? MONTH ____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ____ DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 9998 DOBINFORESP (V014) reports the completeness of information about the respondent's age and date of birth. A code of 0 indicates the month and the year were reported, and no data were imputed. 1 Month and year 2 Month and age, year imputed 3 Year and age, month imputed 4 Year and age, year ignored 5 Year only, age and month imputed 6 Age only, year and month imputed 7 Month only, age and year imputed 8 Season and year 9 None reported, all imputed Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Usual resident or visitor 4. RESIDENCE: Does (NAME) usually live here? YES 1 NO 2 RESIDENT (V135) indicates whether the woman was a usual resident of the household or was just visiting there. As defined by the RESIDENT variable, a visitor could potentially reside in the city, town, or village where the interview took place but would have answered "No" to the question, "Does (NAME) usually live here [in this dwelling unit]?" on the household questionnaire. 1 Usual resident 2 Visitor 8 Missing Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Respondent's relationship to HH head 3. RELATIONSHIP TO HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD: What is the relationship of (NAME) to the head of the household? 01 HEAD 02 HUSBAND OR WIFE 03 SON OR DAUGHTER 04 SON-IN-LAW OR DAUGHTER-IN-LAW 05 GRANDCHILD 06 PARENT 07 PARENT-IN-LAW 08 BROTHER OR SISTER 09 NIECE/NEPHEW BY BLOOD 10 NIECE/NEPHEW BY MARRIAGE 11 OTHER RELATIVE 12 ADOPTED/FOSTER/STEPCHILD 13 NOT RELATED 14 DOESN'T KNOW RELATE (V150) reports the woman's relationship to the head of the household, based on a question in the household questionnaire. 01 Head 02 Wife 03 Daughter or son 04 Daughter- or son-in-law 05 Grandchild 06 Mother or father 07 Parent-in-law 08 Sister or brother 09 Co-spouse 10 Adopted/foster/step child 11 Adopted/foster child 12 Stepchild 20 Other relative 21 Niece or nephew by blood 22 Niece or nephew by marriage 23 Niece or nephew unspecified 24 Sibling-in-law 25 Aunt or uncle 26 Grandparent 30 Nonrelative 31 Domestic servant/employee 32 Herdboy 97 Don't know 98 Missing Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Currently pregnant 227. Are you pregnant now? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 236) UNSURE 8 (GO TO 236) PREGNANT (V213) indicates whether the respondent is currently pregnant. 0 No/unsure 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Duration of current pregnancy 228. How many months pregnant are you? RECORD NUMBER OF COMPLETED MONTHS. MONTHS ____ For currently pregnant women, DURCURPREG (V214) reports the imputed duration of the woman's current pregnancy. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Religion 118. What is your religion? CATHOLIC 1 PROTESTANT 2 MUSLIM 3 TRADITIONAL 4 NOT RELIGIOUS 5 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ 6 RELIGION (V130) reports the respondent's religion. While the categories and codes for the religion variable in the original DHS files are country-specific, IPUMS-DHS uses a 4-digit composite coding system to fit these diverse categories into a single variable without losing information. Â See Comparability. 0000 NO RELIGION 1000 MUSLIM 2000 CHRISTIAN 2100 Catholic 2200 Orthodox 2300 Protestant 2310 Lutheran 2320 Anglican 2330 Presbyterian 2340 Baptist/Seventh-day Adventist 2341 Baptist 2342 Seventh-day Adventist 2350 Apostolic 2360 Salvation Army 2370 Methodist 2380 Pentacostal-based 2381 Pentacostal 2382 Celestial Church of Christ 2383 Universal 2384 Assemblies of God 2390 Other Protestant 2391 Evangelical 2392 Lesotho Evangelical Church 2393 Kimbanguist (Congo, Democratic Republic) 2400 Nontrinitarian 2410 Jehovah's Witness 2900 Other Christian, country-specific 2901 African Zionist (Mozambique) 2902 Mammon (Uganda) 3000 BUDDHIST/NEO-BUDDHIST 3100 Buddhist 4000 HINDU 5000 JEWISH 6000 TRADITIONAL/SPIRITUAL/ANIMIST 6100 Traditional 6200 Spiritual 6300 Animist 6400 Specified Traditional 6401 Donyi-Polo 6402 Sanamahi 6403 Vodun 7000 OTHER (SPECIFIED) 7100 Baha'i 7200 Sikh 7300 Zoroastrian 7400 Jain 7900 Country-specific other 7901 Sect (Burundi) 7902 Bundu dia Kongo (Congo, Democratic Republic) 7903 Vuvamu (Congo, Democratic Republic) 7904 Kirat Mundhum (Nepal) 9000 OTHER 9001 Religion 1 9002 Religion 2 9003 Religion 3 9004 Religion 4 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Ethnicity and religion Variables -- TOPICS Woman's current marital or union status 502. Are you currently married or living with a man as if married? YES, CURRENTLY MARRIED 1 (GO TO 507) YES, LIVING WITH A MAN 2 (GO TO 507) NO, NOT IN UNION 3 MARSTAT (V501) reports the woman's current marital status. Response categories and question wording vary across surveys. See Comparability. 10 Never married 20 Married or living together 21 Married 22 Living together 30 Formerly in union 31 Widowed 32 Divorced 33 Separated/not living together 98 Missing 11 Unconsummated marriage 34 Deserted Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Ever been married 504. Have you ever been married or lived with a man as if married? YES, FORMERLY MARRIED 1 YES, LIVED WITH A MAN 2 (GO TO 511) NO 3 (GO TO 515) For women who are not currently married or living with a man, EVERMARRIED (V535) reports the woman's relationship history as "No [never married/in union]," "Formerly married," or "Lived with a man." 00 No 10 Formerly married 11 Formerly married with certificate 12 Formerly married by custom 20 Lived with a man 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Woman never, currently, or formerly married 502. Are you currently married or living with a man as if married? YES, CURRENTLY MARRIED 1 (GO TO 507) YES, LIVING WITH A MAN 2 (GO TO 507) NO, NOT IN UNION 3 CURRMARR (V502) reports the woman's marital/union status as "Never married," "Currently married," or "Formerly married." "Never married" includes women who have never lived with a partner. "Currently married" includes women who are married and those who are not formally married but are living with a partner. "Formerly married" includes women who are widowed, divorced, or separated, or who have formerly lived with a partner. For samples restricted to ever-married women, only women who are formally married (not cohabiting) are included as "married." 0 Never married 1 Currently married 2 Formerly married 8 Missing Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Woman had one or more than one union 511. Have you been married or lived with a man only once or more than once? ONLY ONCE 1 MORE THAN ONCE 2 For women who had ever been married or lived with a man, UNION1MORE (V503) indicates whether the respondent had been in one or more than one marriage/union. 0 One 1 More than one 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Age at first marriage or cohabitation 513. How old were you when you first started living with him? AGE ____ AGEFRSTMAR (V511) reports the woman's age at the start of her first marriage or union. This usually refers to when the woman first started to live with her first husband or partner. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, "Age at start of first marriage or union is calculated from the century month code of the date of start of first marriage or union and the century month code of the date of birth of the respondent." 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 96 Marriage not consummated 97 Inconsistent 98 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Age of husband/partner 702. How old was your husband/partner on his last birthday? AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS ____ HUSAGE (V730) reports the age of the woman's husband or co-resident partner. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Missing 97 Don't know 96 Inconsistent 95 95+ 94 94 93 93 92 92 91 91 90 90 89 89 88 88 87 87 86 86 85 85 84 84 83 83 82 82 81 81 80 80 79 79 78 78 77 77 76 76 75 75 74 74 73 73 72 72 71 71 70 70 69 69 68 68 67 67 66 66 65 65 64 64 63 63 62 62 61 61 60 60 59 59 58 58 57 57 56 56 55 55 54 54 53 53 52 52 51 51 50 50 49 49 48 48 47 47 46 46 45 45 44 44 43 43 42 42 41 41 40 40 39 39 38 38 37 37 36 36 35 35 34 34 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Marital or cohabitation duration (grouped) 512. CHECK 511: MARRIED/LIVED WITH A MAN ONLY ONCE In what month and year did you start living with your husband/partner? MARRIED/LIVED WITH A MAN MORE THAN ONCE Now we are going to talk about your first husband/partner. In what month and year did you start living with him? MONTH ____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ____ (GO TO 515) DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 9998 DURMARGRP (V513) reports the number of years elapsed since the woman's first marriage or cohabiting union until the date of the survey interview, in five-year groups. The duration is reported irrespective of whether the respondent is still married or in a union with her first partner. 00 Never married 01 0 to 4 02 5 to 9 03 10 to 14 04 15 to 19 05 20 to 24 06 25 to 29 07 30+ 96 Marriage not consummated 98 Missing Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Month of first marriage or cohabitation 512. CHECK 511: MARRIED/LIVED WITH A MAN ONLY ONCE In what month and year did you start living with your husband/partner? MARRIED/LIVED WITH A MAN MORE THAN ONCE Now we are going to talk about your first husband/partner. In what month and year did you start living with him? MONTH ____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ____ (GO TO 515) DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 9998 For women who had ever been married or lived with a man, MAR1STMO (V507) reports the month of their first marriage or (for most samples) unmarried cohabitation. The year of the woman's first marriage/union is reported in MAR1STYR (V508). 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Marriage not consummated 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Year of first marriage or cohabitation 512. CHECK 511: MARRIED/LIVED WITH A MAN ONLY ONCE In what month and year did you start living with your husband/partner? MARRIED/LIVED WITH A MAN MORE THAN ONCE Now we are going to talk about your first husband/partner. In what month and year did you start living with him? MONTH ____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ____ (GO TO 515) DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 9998 For women who had ever been married or lived with a man, MAR1STYR (V508) reports the year of their first marriage or (for most samples) unmarried cohabitation. The month of the woman's first marriage/union is reported in MAR1STMO (V507). 1943 1943 1944 1944 1945 1945 1946 1946 1947 1947 1948 1948 1949 1949 1950 1950 1951 1951 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 2017 2017 2018 2018 9996 Marriage not consummated 9997 Inconsistent 9998 Don't know 9999 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Years since starting date of 1st marriage or union 512. CHECK 511: MARRIED/LIVED WITH A MAN ONLY ONCE In what month and year did you start living with your husband/partner? MARRIED/LIVED WITH A MAN MORE THAN ONCE Now we are going to talk about your first husband/partner. In what month and year did you start living with him? MONTH ____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ____ (GO TO 515) DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 9998 For women who had ever been married or lived with a man, YRSTO1STMAR (V512) reports the number of years from the start of the woman's first marriage/union to the date of the survey interview. The calculation is made using century month codes for both dates. For the month and year of first marriage/union, see MAR1STMO (V507) and MAR1STYR (V508) respectively. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 98 Marriage not consummated 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Date of first marriage or cohabitation (CMC) 512. CHECK 511: MARRIED/LIVED WITH A MAN ONLY ONCE In what month and year did you start living with your husband/partner? MARRIED/LIVED WITH A MAN MORE THAN ONCE Now we are going to talk about your first husband/partner. In what month and year did you start living with him? MONTH ____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ____ (GO TO 515) DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 9998 MAR1STCMC (V509) reports the century month code (CMC) for the date of the woman's first marriage or cohabitation. Century month codes (CMC) are particularly useful checking the consistency of dates, calculating intervals between events, and imputing dates when the information for an event is missing or partially complete. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006) [URL omitted from DDI.]. 9996 Not consummated 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information, date of first marriage/union 512. CHECK 511: MARRIED/LIVED WITH A MAN ONLY ONCE In what month and year did you start living with your husband/partner? MARRIED/LIVED WITH A MAN MORE THAN ONCE Now we are going to talk about your first husband/partner. In what month and year did you start living with him? MONTH ____ DOESN'T KNOW MONTH 98 YEAR ____ (GO TO 515) DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 9998 MAR1STDATINFO (V510) reports the completeness of information for the date of the woman's first marriage or cohabitation. See Comparability. 01 Month and year reported 02 Month and age reported, year imputed 03 Year and age reported, month imputed 05 Year reported, age and month imputed 06 Age reported, year and month imputed 08 Month reported, age and year imputed 09 Year and age reported, year ignored 10 Season and year reported 11 All values imputed 99 NIU (not in universe) 12 All reported, inconsistent Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Months between respondent's 1st marriage and 1st birth 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ MARTO1STBORNMO (V221) reports the number of months between the woman's first marriage (i.e., formal marriage or first episode of living with a man) and her first birth. For women whose first birth occurred before their first marriage, this variable is coded as '998.' 998 First birth prior to first marriage 999 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Number of other wives 509. How many other wives or partners does your husband have? NUMBER ______ DOESN'T KNOW 98 (GO TO 511) For women who were currently married or living with a man, WIFENUM (V505) reports the number of other wives (or co-resident partners) their husband/partner had. Question wording varied across samples. See Comparability. 00 No other wives 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 96 Has other wives, dk number 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Wife rank number 510. Are you the first, second, ... wife? RANK _____ For women married to or living with a man who had more than one wife/partner, WIFERANK (V506) reports the woman's rank among her husband's/partner's wives/partners. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Husband/partner lives in woman's household 507. Is your husband/partner living with you now or is he staying elsewhere? LIVING WITH HER 1 STAYING ELSEWHERE 2 For women who were currently married or living with a man, HUSBINHOME (V504) indicates whether the husband/partner lived with the woman or stayed elsewhere. 0 Living with woman 1 Staying elsewhere 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Marriage and cohabitation Variables -- TOPICS Total children ever born 209. CHECK 208: Just to make sure that I have this right: you have had in total _____ births during your life. Is that correct? YES (GO TO 210) NO (PROBE AND CORRECT 201-208 AS NECESSARY) CHEB (V201) reports the total number of children ever born to the respondent. The number reported in CHEB is the sum of a series of variables covering the total number of sons and daughters who are living at home, living away from home, or who have died (V202 to V207). The number of births reported in CHEB will match the number of entries in the birth history (V224) for up to 20 births. If the woman reported more than 20 births, then the number for CHEB will exceed the number of births in the birth history, but such cases are rare. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 98 Missing 99 NIU (Not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of entries in the birth history Now I would like to record the names of all your births, whether still alive or not, starting with the first one you had. 211. RECORD NAMES OF ALL THE BIRTHS IN 212. RECORD TWINS ON SEPARATE LINES. TOTBIRTHIST (V224) reports the number of entries in the woman respondent's birth history. For up to 20 births, the birth history contains information for each of the respondent's births. In those rare cases when the respondent had more than 20 births, the birth history lists the last 19 births and the first birth. In cases where the women had fewer than 20 births, the number reported in TOTBIRTHIST will match the number reported in CHEB (V201), the total number of children ever born to the respondent. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of own sons living at home 203. How many sons live with you? And how many daughters live with you? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. SONS AT HOME ______ DAUGHTERS AT HOME ________ SONSATHOME (V202) reports the number of sons to whom the woman has given birth who are currently living with her. The related variable SONSAWAYHOME (V204) reports the number of sons to whom the woman has given birth and are still alive, but who are not currently living with her. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of own daughters living at home 203. How many sons live with you? And how many daughters live with you? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. SONS AT HOME ______ DAUGHTERS AT HOME ________ DAUSATHOME (V203) reports the number of daughters to whom the woman has given birth who are currently living with her. The related variable DAUSAWAYHOME (V205) reports the number of daughters to whom the woman has given birth and are still alive, but who are not currently living with her. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of own sons living away from home 205. How many sons are alive but do not live with you? And how many daughters are alive but do not live with you? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. SONS ELSEWHERE ______ DAUGHTERS ELSEWHERE ______ SONSAWAYHOME (V204) reports the number of sons to whom the woman has given birth who are still alive, but who are not currently living with her. The related variable SONSATHOME (V202) reports the number of sons to whom the woman has given birth who are still alive, and who are currently living with her. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of own daughters living away from home 205. How many sons are alive but do not live with you? And how many daughters are alive but do not live with you? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. SONS ELSEWHERE ______ DAUGHTERS ELSEWHERE ______ DAUSAWAYHOME (V205) reports the number of daughters to whom the woman has given birth who are still alive, but who are not currently living with her. The related variable DAUSATHOME (V203) reports the number of daughters to whom the woman has given birth who are still alive, and who are currently living with her. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of own sons who have died 207. How many boys have died? And how many girls have died? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. BOYS DEAD ______ GIRLS DEAD _____ SONSDIED (V206) reports the number of sons to whom the woman has given birth who have died. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of own daughters who have died 207. How many boys have died? And how many girls have died? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. BOYS DEAD ______ GIRLS DEAD _____ DAUSDIED (V207) reports the number of daughters to whom the woman has given birth who have died. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of births in last 5 years 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ BIRTHSIN5YRS (V208) reports the number of births the woman had in the five years prior to the survey. This statistic is calculated based on the total number of births in the 0 to 59 months prior to the month of the interview. 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 8 7 7 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Number of births in the past year 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ BIRTHSIN1YR (V209) reports the number of births the woman had in the year prior to the survey. This statistic is calculated based on the total number of births in the months 0 to 12 (not 0 to 11) prior to the month of the interview. For example, if the survey were given in January, BIRTHSIN1YR would report the number of births the woman had between the time of the survey and the previous January. 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Total number of births in month of interview 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ BIRTHSIN1MO (V210) reports the total number of births the woman had in the month of interview. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Date of respondent's first birth, in century months 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ DOB1STKIDCMC (V211) reports the century month code (CMC) for the date of the woman's first birth. The Guide to DHS Statistics (2003) explains the use and calculation of CMC values as follows: Century month codes (CMC) are particularly important to check consistency of dates, to calculate intervals between events, and to impute dates when the information for an event is missing or partially complete. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. That year was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 will be: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed since January 1900 to June 2002. Based on CMC it is possible to calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Time since woman's last menstrual period 236. When did your last menstrual period start? RECORD THE DATE IF IT IS GIVEN. DATE _____ NUMBER OF DAYS 1 _____ NUMBER OF WEEKS 2 _____ NUMBER OF MONTHS 3 _____ NUMBER OF YEARS 4 _____ IN MENOPAUSE 994 BEFORE LAST BIRTH 995 NEVER HAD PERIOD 996 TIMEMENSTRUATE (V215) reports the time passed since the woman's last menstrual period, in days, weeks, months, or years. 100 Day of Interview 101 Days: 1 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 131 31 days 132 32 days 133 33 days 134 34 days 135 35 days 136 36 days 137 37 days 138 38 days 139 39 days 140 40 days 141 41 days 142 42 days 143 43 days 144 44 days 145 45 days 146 46 days 147 47 days 148 48 days 149 49 days 150 50 days 151 51 days 152 52 days 153 53 days 154 54 days 155 55 days 156 56 days 157 57 days 158 58 days 159 59 days 160 60 days 161 61 days 162 62 days 163 63 days 164 64 days 165 65 days 166 66 days 167 67 days 168 68 days 169 69 days 170 70 days 171 71 days 172 72 days 173 73 days 174 74 days 175 75 days 176 76 days 177 77 days 178 78 days 179 79 days 180 80 days 181 81 days 182 82 days 183 83 days 184 84 days 185 85 days 186 86 days 187 87 days 188 88 days 189 89 days 190 90 days 191 91 days 192 92 days 193 93 days 194 94 days 195 95 days 196 96 days 197 97 days 198 98 days 199 Days: Number missing 200 Weeks 201 201 Weeks: 1 202 2 weeks 203 3 weeks 204 4 weeks 205 5 weeks 206 6 weeks 207 7 weeks 208 8 weeks 209 9 weeks 210 10 weeks 211 11 weeks 212 12 weeks 213 13 weeks 214 14 weeks 215 15 weeks 216 16 weeks 217 17 weeks 218 18 weeks 219 19 weeks 220 20 weeks 221 21 weeks 222 22 weeks 223 23 weeks 224 24 weeks 225 25 weeks 226 26 weeks 227 27 weeks 228 28 weeks 229 29 weeks 230 30 weeks 231 31 weeks 232 32 weeks 233 33 weeks 234 34 weeks 235 35 weeks 236 36 weeks 237 37 weeks 238 38 weeks 239 39 weeks 240 40 weeks 241 41 weeks 242 42 weeks 243 43 weeks 244 44 weeks 245 45 weeks 246 46 weeks 247 47 weeks 248 48 weeks 249 49 weeks 250 50 weeks 251 51 weeks 252 52 weeks 253 53 weeks 254 54 weeks 255 55 weeks 256 56 weeks 257 57 weeks 258 58 weeks 259 59 weeks 260 60 weeks 261 61 weeks 262 62 weeks 263 63 weeks 264 64 weeks 265 65 weeks 266 66 weeks 267 67 weeks 268 68 weeks 269 69 weeks 270 70 weeks 271 71 weeks 272 72 weeks 273 73 weeks 274 74 weeks 275 75 weeks 276 76 weeks 277 77 weeks 278 78 weeks 279 79 weeks 280 80 weeks 281 81 weeks 282 82 weeks 283 83 weeks 284 84 weeks 285 85 weeks 286 86 weeks 287 87 weeks 288 88 weeks 289 89 weeks 290 90 weeks 291 91 weeks 292 92 weeks 293 93 weeks 294 94 weeks 295 95 weeks 296 96 weeks 297 97 weeks 298 98 weeks 299 Weeks: Number missing 300 Months 301 301 Months: 1 302 2 months 303 3 months 304 4 months 305 5 months 306 6 months 307 7 months 308 8 months 309 9 months 310 10 months 311 11 months 312 12 months 313 13 months 314 14 months 315 15 months 316 16 months 317 17 months 318 18 months 319 19 months 320 20 months 321 21 months 322 22 months 323 23 months 324 24 months 325 25 months 326 26 months 327 27 months 328 28 months 329 29 months 330 30 months 331 31 months 332 32 months 333 33 months 334 34 months 335 35 months 336 36 months 337 37 months 338 38 months 339 39 months 340 40 months 341 41 months 342 42 months 343 43 months 344 44 months 345 45 months 346 46 months 347 47 months 348 48 months 349 49 months 350 50 months 351 51 months 352 52 months 353 53 months 354 54 months 355 55 months 356 56 months 357 57 months 358 58 months 359 59 months 360 60 months 361 61 months 362 62 months 363 63 months 364 64 months 365 65 months 366 66 months 367 67 months 368 68 months 369 69 months 370 70 months 371 71 months 372 72 months 373 73 months 374 74 months 375 75 months 376 76 months 377 77 months 378 78 months 379 79 months 380 80 months 381 81 months 382 82 months 383 83 months 384 84 months 385 85 months 386 86 months 387 87 months 388 88 months 389 89 months 390 90 months 391 91 months 392 92 months 393 93 months 394 94 months 395 95 months 396 96 months 397 97 months 398 98 months 399 Months: Number missing 400 Years 401 Years: 1 402 2 years 403 3 years 404 4 years 405 5 years 406 6 years 407 7 years 408 8 years 409 9 years 410 10 years 411 11 years 412 12 years 413 13 years 414 14 years 415 15 years 416 16 years 417 17 years 418 18 years 419 19 years 420 20 years 421 21 years 422 22 years 423 23 years 424 24 years 425 25 years 426 26 years 427 27 years 428 28 years 429 29 years 430 30 years 431 31 years 432 32 years 433 33 years 434 34 years 435 35 years 436 36 years 437 37 years 438 38 years 439 39 years 440 40 years 441 41 years 442 42 years 443 43 years 444 44 years 445 45 years 446 46 years 447 47 years 448 48 years 449 49+ years 499 Years: number missing 992 Currently pregnant 993 In menopause/had hysterectomy 994 Before last birth 995 Never menstruated 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Woman menstruated last 6 weeks 236. When did your last menstrual period start? RECORD THE DATE IF IT IS GIVEN. DATE _____ NUMBER OF DAYS 1 _____ NUMBER OF WEEKS 2 _____ NUMBER OF MONTHS 3 _____ NUMBER OF YEARS 4 _____ IN MENOPAUSE 994 BEFORE LAST BIRTH 995 NEVER HAD PERIOD 996 MENSTRUATE6WK (V216) indicates whether the woman menstruated in the 6 weeks prior to the interview, as calculated from TIMEMENSTRUATE (V215). 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS When in cycle thinks pregnancy is most likely 237. From one menstrual period to the next, are there certain days when a woman is more likely to become pregnant if she has sexual relations? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 239) DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 239) OVCYCLE (V217) suggests the woman's knowledge of the ovulatory cycle by reporting when she believes a woman has the greatest chance of becoming pregnant. 1 During her period 2 After period ended 3 Middle of the cycle 4 Before period begins 5 At any time 6 Other/It depends 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Total number of living children born to respondent 203. How many sons live with you? And how many daughters live with you? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. SONS AT HOME ______ DAUGHTERS AT HOME ________ CHEBALIVE (V218) reports the total number of children ever born to the respondent who are currently living. The number reported in CHEBALIVE (V218) is the sum of a series of variables reporting the total number of sons and daughters who are living at home and who are living away from home (V202 to V205 - SONSATHOME, DAUSATHOME, SONSAWAYHOME, and DAUSAWAYHOME). The related variable CHEB (V201) reports the total number of children ever born to the respondent, regardless of survival status. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Total number of living children including current pregnancy 203. How many sons live with you? And how many daughters live with you? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. SONS AT HOME ______ DAUGHTERS AT HOME ________ CHSURVPLUSPG (V219) reports the woman's total number of living children, including her current pregnancy. CHSURVPLUSPG takes the value of CHEBALIVE (V218) and adds 1 if the respondent is pregnant. 99 NIU (not in universe) 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 19 19 18 18 Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Total number of living children, truncated at 6+ 203. How many sons live with you? And how many daughters live with you? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. SONS AT HOME ______ DAUGHTERS AT HOME ________ CHEBALIVETRUNC (V220) reports the woman's total number of living children (including current pregnancy), truncated at 6 or more children. This variable is a grouping of CHSURVPLUSPG (V219) truncated at 6+ children. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6+ 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Interval between last birth and interview, in months 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ For women who have ever given birth, LASTBIRTHTOINTMO (V222) reports the number of months between their last birth and the date of interview. 999 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information on date of conception, current pregnancy 228. How many months pregnant are you? RECORD NUMBER OF COMPLETED MONTHS. MONTHS ____ For pregnant women, CONCEPTDATEFLAG (V223) indicates the completeness of information relating to the date of conception of their current pregnancy. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, "This variable indicates whether the date of conception was exactly specified by the duration of the current pregnancy or the duration was imputed from other information." The related variable DURCURPREG reports the duration of the current pregnancy. 1 Month- exact date 2 Date missing, imputed 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Flag for reported time since last menstrual period MENSTIMFLAG (V227) is a flag variable that indicates the type of problem, if any, found in editing responses on the time since the respondent's last menstrual period. Cases without a problem are coded 0. For time since last menstrual period, see TIMEMENSTRUATE (V215). 00 No flag 01 Number GT interval since birth 02 Number plus amenorrhea GT interval 03 Number reported, but period not returned 04 Reported before last birth, but no birth 05 Reported before last birth, but period since 06 Reported never menstruated, but period returned 07 Reported time during pregnancy 08 Reported never menstruated but had kids 09 Reported period before last birth 99 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Ever had pregnancy terminate via abortion, miscarriage or stillbirth 239. Have you ever had an intentional abortion? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 301) PREGTERMIN (V228) indicates whether the woman ever had a pregnancy that was terminated due to miscarriage, abortion, or stillbirth, and did not result in a live birth. 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Interval between last birth and interview date at least 4 calendar years 222. SUBTRACT THE BIRTH YEAR OF THE LAST CHILD FROM THE YEAR OF THE INTERVIEW. IS THE DIFFERENCE FOUR OR MORE YEARS? YES 1 (GO TO 223) NO 2 (GO TO 224) For women who have ever given birth, BIRTHTOINT4YR (V236) indicates whether the interval between their last birth and the time of the interview was at least 4 years. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Other live births in interval between last birth reported and date of interview 223. Have you had any live births since the birth of (NAME OF LAST BIRTH)? YES 1 NO 2 BIRTHSOTHER (V237) indicates whether the woman had any other live births in the interval between the last reported birth and the date of the interview. The question for this variable verifies whether the woman omitted any births when reporting her birth record. Omitted births should be included in the final version of the birth history in the variable CHEB (V201). 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Total births in last 3 years prior to interview 225. CHECK 215 AND ENTER THE NUMBER OF BIRTHS SINCE JANUARY 1994. IF NONE, RECORD '00'. NUMBER OF BIRTHS ____ BIRTHSTOT3YR (V238) indicates the total number of births the woman had in the 3 years (0 to 35 months) prior to the interview (where 0 is the month of interview). Responses are based on the woman's birth history table, which records the month and year of her children's births. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 9 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Computed time since last menstrual period 236. When did your last menstrual period start? RECORD THE DATE IF IT IS GIVEN. DATE _____ NUMBER OF DAYS 1 _____ NUMBER OF WEEKS 2 _____ NUMBER OF MONTHS 3 _____ NUMBER OF YEARS 4 _____ IN MENOPAUSE 994 BEFORE LAST BIRTH 995 NEVER HAD PERIOD 996 TIMEMENSCALC (V226) reports the computed time since the respondent's last menstrual period. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, this variable is computed from the response for V215, with durations exceeding the interval since the last birth (V227 = 7,9) recoded to the response "Before last birth" (code 995) and inconsistent responses flagged on variable 227 (codes 1-6) recoded to 997. Restated in terms of IPUMS-DHS variables and variable labels, TIMEMENSCALC is computed from the response for TIMEMENSTRUATE (Time since woman's last menstrual period). Cases with durations exceeding the interval since the last birth, when MENSTIMFLAG (Flag for reported time since last menstrual period) has values for "Reported time during pregnancy" or "Reported period before last birth," are recoded as "Before last birth" in TIMEMENSCALC. Cases with inconsistent or implausible responses according to MENSTIMFLAG (for example, the woman reportedly never menstruated but she has given birth) are recoded to "Inconsistent" for TIMEMENSCALC. 000 No time difference 991 In menopause/had hysterectomy 992 Pregnant, not asked 993 In menopause 994 Before last birth 995 Never menstruated 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Age of respondent at time of first birth 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ AGEAT1STBIRTH (V212) reports the age of the woman at the time of her first birth. This variable is calculated by using the century month code (CMC) of the date of the woman's first birth (DOB1STKIDCMC) and the CMC of the woman's date of birth (DOBCMC). 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 99 NIU (not in universe) 02 2 05 5 03 3 04 4 Fertility Variables -- TOPICS Total number of household members HHMEMTOTAL (V136) reports the total number of members of the woman's household. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, HHMEMTOTAL is calculated by summing "the number of usual residents and the number of visitors who slept in the house the previous night that were listed in the household schedule." "Usual residents" of the household are identified by the RESIDENT variable. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Number of children under 5 in household HHKIDLT5 (V137) reports the number of children age 5 and under who reside in the household. Visiting children are not included in the count. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Number of eligible women in household HHELIGWOMEN (V138) reports the number of eligible women in the household, usually defined as women of childbearing age who slept in the household the previous night (regardless of whether they were usual residents or visitors). The age and marital status guidelines for defining eligible women varies across samples. See Comparability. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 36 36 36 99 No women age 15-49 Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Age of household head HHEADAGE (V152) reports the age of the head of the household. 98 Missing 97 97+ 96 96 95 95 94 94 93 93 92 92 91 91 90 90 89 89 88 88 87 87 86 86 85 85 84 84 83 83 82 82 81 81 80 80 79 79 78 78 77 77 76 76 75 75 74 74 73 73 72 72 71 71 70 70 69 69 68 68 67 67 66 66 65 65 64 64 63 63 62 62 61 61 60 60 59 59 58 58 57 57 56 56 55 55 54 54 53 53 52 52 51 51 50 50 49 49 48 48 47 47 46 46 45 45 44 44 43 43 42 42 41 41 40 40 39 39 38 38 37 37 36 36 35 35 34 34 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Age of household head (from HH record) 7. AGE: How old is (NAME)? IN YEARS _______ HHEADAGEHH (HV220) reports the age of the head of the household. The information in HHEADAGEHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 98 Missing 96 Non-resident 95 95+ 94 94 93 93 92 92 91 91 90 90 89 89 88 88 87 87 86 86 85 85 84 84 83 83 82 82 81 81 80 80 79 79 78 78 77 77 76 76 75 75 74 74 73 73 72 72 71 71 70 70 69 69 68 68 67 67 66 66 65 65 64 64 63 63 62 62 61 61 60 60 59 59 58 58 57 57 56 56 55 55 54 54 53 53 52 52 51 51 50 50 49 49 48 48 47 47 46 46 45 45 44 44 43 43 42 42 41 41 40 40 39 39 38 38 37 37 36 36 35 35 34 34 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 99 NIU (not in universe) 01 1 97 Don't know Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Sex of household head HHEADSEX (V151) reports the sex of the head of the household. 8 Missing 2 Female 1 Male Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Sex of household head (from hh record) 6. SEX: Is (NAME) male or female? MALE 1 FEMALE 2 HHEADSEXHH (HV219) reports the sex of the head of the household. The information in HHEADSEXHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 1 Male 2 Female 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Relationship structure in HH HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULE: We would like some information about people who usually live in your household or are staying with you now. 1. LINE NUMBER ____ FAMSTRUCTR (HV217) indicates the relationship structure (no adults, one adult, two related adults of the opposite sex, two related adults of the same sex, three or more related adults, or unrelated adults) in the household. Only usual (de jure) household members aged 15 and over are considered in determining the household's relationship structure. FAMSTRUCTR is a constructed variable, based on information about each household member's age, sex, and relationship to the householder, which was collected when completing the listing of persons in the household at the time of the survey. The information in FAMSTRUCTR is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 8 Missing 6 Non-resident 5 Unrelated adults 4 Three plus related adults 3 Two adults, same sex 2 Two adults, opp sex 1 One adult 0 No adults 9 NIU (not in universe) Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Number of rooms in HH used for sleeping 20. In your household, how many rooms do you use for sleeping? ROOMS ____ SLEEPROOMS (HV216) reports the number of rooms in the household used for sleeping. 98 Missing 97 Don't know 35 35+ 34 34 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 01 1 00 0 96 Non-resident 99 NIU (not in universe) Housing Variables -- TOPICS Main material of floor 21. MAIN MATERIAL OF THE FLOOR. RECORD OBSERVATION. NATURAL FLOOR EARTH/SAND 11 DUNG 12 RUDIMENTARY FLOOR WOOD PLANKS 21 PALM/BAMBOO 22 FINISHED FLOOR PARQUET OR POLISHED WOOD 31 VINYL OR ASPHALT STRIPS 32 CERAMIC TILES 33 CEMENT 34 CARPET 35 OTHER (SPECIFY) __________ 96 FLOOR (HV213) reports the main material of the floor of the dwelling. Response categories vary widely across surveys but fall into broad groups (i.e., natural materials, rudimentary processed materials, and finished materials). See Comparability. 116 Mud and hay 999 NIU (not in universe) 391 Plaster 996 Non-resident 100 NATURAL 110 Earth-based 111 Earth, sand 112 Earth, mud 113 Earth, mud, clay 114 Sand 115 Dirt/Earth 120 Dung-based 121 Dung 122 Earth and dung 123 Mud, dung, sand 200 RUDIMENTARY 210 Wood 211 Wood planks 212 Wood and tile 213 Wood/palm/bamboo 220 Palm/bamboo 221 Palm/bamboo/leaves 230 Other rudimentary 231 Broken bricks 232 Adobe 233 Unfinished stone 300 FINISHED 310 Parquet/polished wood 311 Polished wood/vinyl/tiles 320 Vinyl/asphalt strips/linoleum 321 Linoleum 330 Tiles/mosaic 331 Ceramic tiles 332 Cement tiles 333 Ceramic/terrazo tiles 334 Ceramic/marble tiles 335 Tiles/brick 340 Cement/concrete 350 Carpet 360 Terrazzo 370 Stone 380 Bricks 390 Other finished 400 OTHER 997 Don't know 998 Missing 322 Vinyl 351 Mat Housing Variables -- TOPICS Has electricity 19. Does your household have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 A radio? YES 1 NO 2 A television? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 A refrigerator? YES 1 NO 2 ELECTRC (V119) indicates whether the household has electricity. Samples vary in how that information was collected. See Comparability. 8 Missing 1 Yes 0 No 6 Non-resident Housing Variables -- TOPICS Dwelling has electricity (from hh record) 19. Does your household have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 A radio? YES 1 NO 2 A television? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 A refrigerator? YES 1 NO 2 ELECTRCHH (HV206) indicates whether the household has electricity. Samples vary in how that information was collected. The information in ELECTRCHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Housing Variables -- TOPICS Type of toilet facility 18. What kind of toilet facility is in your household? FLUSH TOILET 11 VENTILATED PIT LATRINE 22 RUDIMENTARY PIT LATRINE 23 NO TOILET/OUTSIDE 31 (GO TO 19) OTHER (SPECIFY) ________ 96 (GO TO 19) TOILETTYPE (HV205) reports the household's type of toilet facility, with no facility coded "0." Responses vary widely across surveys; see Comparability. The information in TOILETTYPE is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 3431 Pit latrine with ventilation pipe, no mesh 9996 Non-resident 0000 NO FACILITY 1000 FLUSH TOILET 1100 Unspecified type of flush toilet 1110 Own flush toilet (unspecified type) 1120 Shared flush toilet (unspecified type) 1200 Modern flush toilet 1210 Flush to piped sewer system 1300 Traditional with tank flush 1400 Bucket flush toilet 1410 Flush to pit latrine 1420 Flush to somewhere else 1430 Flush, don't know where 2000 NON-FLUSHING TOILET 2100 Composting toilet 2200 Dry toilet 2300 Ecosan toilet 3000 PIT TOILET LATRINE 3100 Unspecified type of pit latrine 3110 Own pit toilet or latrine (unspecified type) 3120 Shared pit toiletor latrine (unspecified type) 3121 Public pit toilet or latrine (unspecified type) 3200 Traditional pit toilet or latrine 3210 Pit latrine without slab or open pit 3300 Pit latrine with slab 3400 Ventilated improved pit latrine 3410 Covered pit latrine, no slab 3420 Covered pit latrine with slab 3430 Covered latrine 3440 Septic pit 4000 UNIMPROVED TOILET 4100 Bucket toilet 4200 River 4300 Hanging latrine over water source 5000 OTHER 9998 Missing 1112 Private flush toilet, outside residence 1211 Flush to piped sewer system, indoors 1212 Flush to piped sewer system, inside yard 1213 Flush to piped sewer system, out of yard 3310 Pit latrine with washable slab 3320 Pit latrine with non-washable slab 3490 Other improved system 3463 Latrine to piped public system, out of yard 3462 Latrine to piped public system, inside yard 3461 Latrine to piped public system, indoors 3443 Latrine to septic tank, out of yard 3442 Latrine to septic tank, inside yard 3441 Latrine to septic tank, indoors 3212 Open pit latrine, out of yard 3211 Open pit latrine, inside yard 1253 Flush to septic tank, out of yard 1252 Flush to septic tank, inside yard 1251 Flush to septic tank, indoors 1250 Flush to septic tank 1240 Flush, not to sewer 1233 Flush to ground water, out of yard 1232 Flush to ground water, inside yard 1231 Flush to ground water, indoors 3450 Latrine with manual flush 3460 Latrine to piped public system 9999 NIU (not in universe) 1230 Flush to pipe connected to ground water 1220 Flush to pipe connected to canal 1132 Public flush toilet, outside residence 1131 Public flush toilet, inside residence 1130 Public flush toilet (unspecified type) 1111 Private flush toilet, inside residence Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Household shares toilet facility 18A. Is the toilet facility only used by your household or do you share it with other households? PRIVATE USE 1 SHARED USE 2 TOILETSHAREYN (HV225) indicates whether the household has a toilet facility that is shared with at least one other household. A "no" response (code "0") indicates the household has a toilet that is not shared; a "yes" response (code "1") indicates the household shares a toilet facility; "not in universe" (code "9") means the household has no toilet facility. The information in TOILETSHAREYN is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Major source of drinking water 16. What is the main source of drinking water for members of your household? PIPED WATER PIPED INTO DWELLING/YARD/PLOT 11 (GO TO 18) PIPED TO EXTERIOR 12 PUBLIC TAP/STANDPIPE 13 WELL IN THE YARD/PLOT EQUIPPED WITH PUMP 21 (GO TO 18) NOT EQUIPPED WITH PUMP 22 (GO TO 18) DRAIN WELL 23 (GO TO 18) WELL OUTSIDE THE YARD/PLOT EQUIPPED WITH PUMP 24 NOT EQUIPPED WITH PUMP 25 DRAIN WELL 26 SURFACE WATER SPRING 31 RIVER 32 POND/LAKE 33 DAM 34 RAINWATER 41 (GO TO 18) TANKER TRUCK 51 BOTTLED WATER 61 (GO TO 18) OTHER (SPECIFY) _____________ 96 DRINKWTR (HV201) reports the household's main source of drinking water. Responses vary widely across surveys; see Comparability. The information in DRINKWTR is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 2213 Protected well in neighbor's residence/plot 9996 Non-resident 1000 PIPED WATER 1100 Piped into own dwelling/yard/plot 1110 Piped into own dwelling 1120 Piped into own yard/plot 1200 Piped outside own residence/plot 1210 Public tap/standpipe 1220 Piped into neighbor's dwelling/yard 2000 WELL WATER 2100 Unprotected/open well 2110 Open well in own dwelling/yard/plot 2111 Open well in own dwelling 2112 Open well in own yard/plot 2120 Open public well 2130 Open well in neighbor's residence 2200 Protected well 2210 Protected well in own dwelling/yard/plot 2211 Protected well in own dwelling 2212 Protected well in own yard/plot 2220 Protected public well 2230 Tube well or borehole 2231 Borehole in yard/plot 2232 Public borehole 2300 Unspecified well 2310 Unspecified well in residence/yard/plot 2311 Unspecified well in own dwelling 2312 Unspecified well in own yard/plot 2313 Handpump in yard/plot 2320 Unspecified public well 2321 Public shallow well 2322 Public traditional well 2323 Public handpump 2330 Unspecified neighbor's well 2340 Unspecified well by type 2341 Well with pump 2342 Well without pump 3000 SURFACE WATER 3100 Spring 3110 Protected spring/surface water 3120 Unprotected spring/surface water 3200 River/dam/lake/ponds/streams/canal/irrigation channel 3210 River, stream 3220 Pond, lake 3230 Dam 3240 Canal or river/canal 3250 Irrigation ditch 3260 Dugout pond 3300 Channeled by gravity flow scheme 4000 RAINWATER 4100 Rainwater collected in tank 5000 PURCHASED FROM SUPPLIER 5100 Tanker truck 5200 Cart with small tank 5300 Water vendor 5400 Bottled water 5410 Sachet water (in a bag) 6000 OTHER SOURCE 9998 Missing 1211 Public tap from filtration plant 1212 Public tap from stone pipes 5310 Water vendor from unknown source 5320 Water vendor from protected well 5330 Water vendor from unprotected well 5340 Water vendor from pond/lake 9999 NIU (not in universe) 5500 Community reverse osmosis plant 5201 Motorcycle with 3 wheels Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Time to water source (from individual respondent record) 17. How long does it take to go there, get water, and come back? MINUTES ______ ON SITE 996 TIMETOWTRIND (V115) reports the amount of time, in minutes, to get to the household's major source of water, top-coded at 360+ minutes. This information is taken from the individual woman's record. The complementary variable TIMETOWTRHH (HV204) reports the same information, taken from the household record. 000 0 (on premises) 001 1 002 2 003 3 004 4 005 5 006 6 007 7 008 8 009 9 010 10 011 11 012 12 013 13 014 14 015 15 016 16 017 17 018 18 019 19 020 20 021 21 022 22 023 23 024 24 025 25 026 26 027 27 028 28 029 29 030 30 031 31 032 32 033 33 034 34 035 35 036 36 037 37 038 38 039 39 040 40 041 41 042 42 043 43 044 44 045 45 046 46 047 47 048 48 049 49 050 50 051 51 052 52 053 53 054 54 055 55 056 56 057 57 058 58 059 59 060 60 061 61 062 62 063 63 064 64 065 65 066 66 067 67 068 68 069 69 070 70 071 71 072 72 073 73 074 74 075 75 076 76 077 77 078 78 079 79 080 80 081 81 082 82 083 83 084 84 085 85 086 86 087 87 088 88 089 89 090 90 091 91 092 92 093 93 094 94 095 95 096 96 097 97 098 98 099 99 100 100 101 101 102 102 103 103 104 104 105 105 106 106 107 107 108 108 109 109 110 110 111 111 112 112 113 113 114 114 115 115 116 116 117 117 118 118 119 119 120 120 121 121 122 122 123 123 124 124 125 125 126 126 127 127 128 128 129 129 130 130 131 131 132 132 133 133 134 134 135 135 136 136 137 137 138 138 139 139 140 140 141 141 142 142 143 143 144 144 145 145 146 146 147 147 148 148 149 149 150 150 151 151 152 152 153 153 154 154 155 155 156 156 157 157 158 158 159 159 160 160 161 161 162 162 163 163 164 164 165 165 166 166 167 167 168 168 169 169 170 170 171 171 172 172 173 173 174 174 175 175 176 176 177 177 178 178 179 179 180 180 181 181 182 182 183 183 184 184 185 185 186 186 187 187 188 188 189 189 190 190 191 191 192 192 193 193 194 194 195 195 196 196 197 197 198 198 199 199 200 200 201 201 202 202 203 203 204 204 205 205 206 206 207 207 208 208 209 209 210 210 211 211 212 212 213 213 214 214 215 215 216 216 217 217 218 218 219 219 220 220 221 221 222 222 223 223 224 224 225 225 226 226 227 227 228 228 229 229 230 230 231 231 232 232 233 233 234 234 235 235 236 236 237 237 238 238 239 239 240 240 241 241 242 242 243 243 244 244 245 245 246 246 247 247 248 248 249 249 250 250 251 251 252 252 253 253 254 254 255 255 256 256 257 257 258 258 259 259 260 260 261 261 262 262 263 263 264 264 265 265 266 266 267 267 268 268 269 269 270 270 271 271 272 272 273 273 274 274 275 275 276 276 277 277 278 278 279 279 280 280 281 281 282 282 283 283 284 284 285 285 286 286 287 287 288 288 289 289 290 290 291 291 292 292 293 293 294 294 295 295 296 296 297 297 298 298 299 299 300 300 301 301 302 302 303 303 304 304 305 305 306 306 307 307 308 308 309 309 310 310 311 311 312 312 313 313 314 314 315 315 316 316 317 317 318 318 319 319 320 320 321 321 322 322 323 323 324 324 325 325 326 326 327 327 328 328 329 329 330 330 331 331 332 332 333 333 334 334 335 335 336 336 337 337 338 338 339 339 340 340 341 341 342 342 343 343 344 344 345 345 346 346 347 347 348 348 349 349 350 350 351 351 352 352 353 353 354 354 355 355 356 356 357 357 358 358 359 359 360 360+ 994 One day or longer 995 On premises 996 Non-resident 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Time to reach water source and return, in minutes (from HH record) 17. How long does it take to go there, get water, and come back? MINUTES ______ ON SITE 996 TIMETOWTRHH (HV204) reports the time in minutes it takes members of the household to get to their main source of water and return to their dwelling. In IPUMS-DHS, this variable is top-coded at 360 minutes or more (6 hours or longer). The information in TIMETOWTRHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 000 0 001 1 002 2 003 3 004 4 005 5 006 6 007 7 008 8 009 9 010 10 011 11 012 12 013 13 014 14 015 15 016 16 017 17 018 18 019 19 020 20 021 21 022 22 023 23 024 24 025 25 026 26 027 27 028 28 029 29 030 30 031 31 032 32 033 33 034 34 035 35 036 36 037 37 038 38 039 39 040 40 041 41 042 42 043 43 044 44 045 45 046 46 047 47 048 48 049 49 050 50 051 51 052 52 053 53 054 54 055 55 056 56 057 57 058 58 059 59 060 60 061 61 062 62 063 63 064 64 065 65 066 66 067 67 068 68 069 69 070 70 071 71 072 72 073 73 074 74 075 75 076 76 077 77 078 78 079 79 080 80 081 81 082 82 083 83 084 84 085 85 086 86 087 87 088 88 089 89 090 90 091 91 092 92 093 93 094 94 095 95 096 96 097 97 098 98 099 99 100 100 101 101 102 102 103 103 104 104 105 105 106 106 107 107 108 108 109 109 110 110 111 111 112 112 113 113 114 114 115 115 116 116 117 117 118 118 119 119 120 120 121 121 122 122 123 123 124 124 125 125 126 126 127 127 128 128 129 129 130 130 131 131 132 132 133 133 134 134 135 135 136 136 137 137 138 138 139 139 140 140 141 141 142 142 143 143 144 144 145 145 146 146 147 147 148 148 149 149 150 150 151 151 152 152 153 153 154 154 155 155 156 156 157 157 158 158 159 159 160 160 161 161 162 162 163 163 164 164 165 165 166 166 167 167 168 168 169 169 170 170 171 171 172 172 173 173 174 174 175 175 176 176 177 177 178 178 179 179 180 180 181 181 182 182 183 183 184 184 185 185 186 186 187 187 188 188 189 189 190 190 191 191 192 192 193 193 194 194 195 195 196 196 197 197 198 198 199 199 200 200 201 201 202 202 203 203 204 204 205 205 206 206 207 207 208 208 209 209 210 210 211 211 212 212 213 213 214 214 215 215 216 216 217 217 218 218 219 219 220 220 221 221 222 222 223 223 224 224 225 225 226 226 227 227 228 228 229 229 230 230 231 231 232 232 233 233 234 234 235 235 236 236 237 237 238 238 239 239 240 240 241 241 242 242 243 243 244 244 245 245 246 246 247 247 248 248 249 249 250 250 251 251 252 252 253 253 254 254 255 255 256 256 257 257 258 258 259 259 260 260 261 261 262 262 263 263 264 264 265 265 266 266 267 267 268 268 269 269 270 270 271 271 272 272 273 273 274 274 275 275 276 276 277 277 278 278 279 279 280 280 281 281 282 282 283 283 284 284 285 285 286 286 287 287 288 288 289 289 290 290 291 291 292 292 293 293 294 294 295 295 296 296 297 297 298 298 299 299 300 300 301 301 302 302 303 303 304 304 305 305 306 306 307 307 308 308 309 309 310 310 311 311 312 312 313 313 314 314 315 315 316 316 317 317 318 318 319 319 320 320 321 321 322 322 323 323 324 324 325 325 326 326 327 327 328 328 329 329 330 330 331 331 332 332 333 333 334 334 335 335 336 336 337 337 338 338 339 339 340 340 341 341 342 342 343 343 344 344 345 345 346 346 347 347 348 348 349 349 350 350 351 351 352 352 353 353 354 354 355 355 356 356 357 357 358 358 359 359 360 360+ 995 On premises 996 Non-resident 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Household has telephone 19. Does your household have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 A radio? YES 1 NO 2 A television? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 A refrigerator? YES 1 NO 2 HHPHONE (V153) indicates whether the household has a telephone. How the question was worded changed over time. See Comparability. The related variable MOBPHONE covers the household's access to a mobile phone, specifically. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing Possessions Variables -- TOPICS House has telephone (household record) 19. Does your household have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 A radio? YES 1 NO 2 A television? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 A refrigerator? YES 1 NO 2 HHPHONEHH (HV221) indicates whether any member of the household has a telephone (based on information from the household record). The information in HHPHONEHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has bicycle 22. Does any member of this household own: A cart? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle or motor scooter? YES 1 NO 2 A car or truck? YES 1 NO 2 BIKE (V123) indicates whether any member of the household has a bicycle. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has bicycle (from HH record) 22. Does any member of this household own: A cart? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle or motor scooter? YES 1 NO 2 A car or truck? YES 1 NO 2 BIKEHH (HV210) indicates whether any member of the household has a bicycle. The information in BIKEHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has car/truck 22. Does any member of this household own: A cart? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle or motor scooter? YES 1 NO 2 A car or truck? YES 1 NO 2 CAR (V125) indicates whether any member of the household owns a car or truck (or other motor vehicle). The specific type of motor vehicle mentioned varies across samples. See Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has car/truck (from HH record) 22. Does any member of this household own: A cart? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle or motor scooter? YES 1 NO 2 A car or truck? YES 1 NO 2 CARHH (HV212) indicates whether any member of the household owns a car or truck (or other motor vehicle). The specific type of motor vehicle mentioned varies across samples. See Comparability. The information in CARHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has motorcycle/scooter 22. Does any member of this household own: A cart? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle or motor scooter? YES 1 NO 2 A car or truck? YES 1 NO 2 MOTORCYCL (V124) indicates whether any member of the household owns a motorcycle or scooter. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has motorcycle/scooter (from HH record) 22. Does any member of this household own: A cart? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle or motor scooter? YES 1 NO 2 A car or truck? YES 1 NO 2 MOTORCYCLHH (HV211) indicates whether any member of the household owns a motorcycle or scooter. The information in MOTORCYCLHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has refrigerator 19. Does your household have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 A radio? YES 1 NO 2 A television? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 A refrigerator? YES 1 NO 2 FRIDGE (V122) indicates whether the household has a refrigerator. Some samples specified that the refrigerator must be working or must be owned by the household. See comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has refrigerator (from HH record) 19. Does your household have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 A radio? YES 1 NO 2 A television? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 A refrigerator? YES 1 NO 2 FRIDGEHH (HV209) indicates whether the household has a refrigerator. Some samples specified that the refrigerator must be working or owned by the household. See Comparability. The information in FRIDGEHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has radio 19. Does your household have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 A radio? YES 1 NO 2 A television? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 A refrigerator? YES 1 NO 2 RADIO (V120) indicates whether the household has a radio. Some samples specified that the radio must be working or fit other specifications. See Comparability. 8 Unknown 1 Yes 0 No 6 Non-resident Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has radio (from HH record) 19. Does your household have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 A radio? YES 1 NO 2 A television? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 A refrigerator? YES 1 NO 2 RADIOHH (HV207) indicates whether any member of the household owns a radio. Some samples specified that the radio must be working or fit other specifications. See Comparability. The information in RADIOHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has television 19. Does your household have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 A radio? YES 1 NO 2 A television? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 A refrigerator? YES 1 NO 2 TELEVISION (V121) indicates whether the household has a television. Some samples specified that the TV must be in working order. See Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has television (from HH record) 19. Does your household have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 A radio? YES 1 NO 2 A television? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 A refrigerator? YES 1 NO 2 TVHH (HV208) indicates whether any member of the household has a television. Some samples specified that the TV must be in working order. See Comparability. The information in TVHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has animal-drawn cart 22. Does any member of this household own: A cart? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle or motor scooter? YES 1 NO 2 A car or truck? YES 1 NO 2 DRAWNCART indicates whether a household member owned an animal-drawn cart. Question wording varied across samples; see Comparability. The information in DRAWNCART is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Agricultural possessions Variables -- TOPICS Type of salt used by household 24. Can you show me the salt that you used to cook the main meal yesterday or last night? DIDN'T USE ANY 00 FINE SALT IN PACKET 01 LOOSE FINE SALT 02 COARSE SALT IN PACKET 03 LOOSE COARSE SALT 04 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ 96 REFUSES TO SHOW 05 SALTIODIZE (HV222) reports the type of salt the household uses for cooking, with an emphasis on whether the salt is known to be iodized. Iodized salt may prevent iodine deficiency, and thus protect against brain damage during child development and pregnancy. The information in SALTIODIZE is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 96 Non-resident 10 Packaged salt 11 Packaged salt - iodized 12 Packaged salt - noniodized 20 Other salt 21 Local salt 22 Loose salt 23 Salt for animals 24 Natron in block 98 Missing 13 Packaged salt - other 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) 25 Other, n.e.c. 00 No salt available 95 Doesn't cook Nutrition Variables -- TOPICS Iodized salt in household (bridging variable) 24. Can you show me the salt that you used to cook the main meal yesterday or last night? DIDN'T USE ANY 00 FINE SALT IN PACKET 01 LOOSE FINE SALT 02 COARSE SALT IN PACKET 03 LOOSE COARSE SALT 04 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ 96 REFUSES TO SHOW 05 SALTBRIDGE serves as a bridging variable between two approaches to collecting information on the presence of iodized salt in the household. Initially, respondents were asked, "What type of salt is usually used for cooking in your household?" Respondents were also asked to show their salt package to the interviewer. Beginning with Phase 4 of the standard DHS questionnaire, respondents were asked to provide the interviewer with a teaspoon of cooking salt, which the interviewer then tested. Iodine testing methods varied across phases and countries. SALTBRIDGE combines information from the first approach of asking about cooking salt (in SALTIODIZE (HV222)) and the second approach of testing the cooking salt for iodine (in SALTEST3 (HV234)). The information in SALTBRIDGE is taken from the household record, linked to the record of the woman respondent. This information applies to household residents, not temporary visitors, so researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT (V135) variable (with visitors coded "2"). See Comparability for more information. 96 Non-resident 10 Iodized salt in household 11 Packaged salt - iodized 20 Non-iodized salt in household 21 Packaged salt - noniodized 30 Salt not tested 31 Local salt 32 Loose salt 33 Salt for animals 34 Natron in block 35 Packaged salt - other 36 Other, n.e.c. 97 Doesn't cook 98 Missing/no salt available 99 NIU (not in universe) Nutrition Variables -- TOPICS Currently working 709. Aside from your own housework, have you done any work in the last seven days? YES 1 (GO TO 712) NO 2 CURRWORK (V714) indicates whether the woman is currently working at a job or business. To distinguish employment from household labor, many surveys included a preface such as the following: "As you know, some women take up jobs for which they are paid in cash or in kind. Others sell things, have a small business or work on the family farm or in the family business." Women who have worked outside of their own housework in the last 12 months and been paid in cash, cash and in-kind, or only in-kind payments are included as working, although the survey questions vary in who receives an affirmative response. See Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneous 12 Yes, prompted 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Woman's occupation 712. What is your occupation, that is, what kind of work do you mainly do? ____ WKCURRJOB (V717) reports the occupation of the respondent in somewhat standardized categories. The categories included, and the degree of detail within broad categories (e.g., self-employed versus employee in agriculture, or simply agriculture), vary across samples. IPUMS-DHS employs composite coding to maximize comparability across samples (using the first digit of the codes to indicate broad job categories) without loss of detailed information (preserved in the second digit). The category "agriculture" includes fishermen, foresters, breeders, and hunters as well as farmers. 00 Not currently working 10 Professional, technical, or managerial worker 20 Clerical or Sales 21 Clerical worker 22 Sales worker 30 Agricultural 31 Self-employed agricultural worker 32 Agricultural employee 40 Household, domestic, and services 41 Household and domestic worker 42 Services worker 50 Skilled and unskilled manual 51 Skilled manual worker 52 Unskilled manual worker 60 Armed forces 96 Other 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Respondent's current type of employment. 715. Do you do this work for a member of your family, for someone else, or are you self-employed? FOR FAMILY MEMBER 1 FOR SOMEONE ELSE 2 SELF-EMPLOYED 3 WKCURRTYPE (V718) indicates the woman's current type of employment, along the two dimensions of class of worker (paid, self-employed, unpaid) and location (at home or away). 8 Missing 0 Did not work 1 Paid employee, away 2 Paid employee, home 3 Self-employed, away 4 Self-employed, home 5 Unpaid worker, away 6 Unpaid worker, home Work Variables -- TOPICS Whom the respondent works for 715. Do you do this work for a member of your family, for someone else, or are you self-employed? FOR FAMILY MEMBER 1 FOR SOMEONE ELSE 2 SELF-EMPLOYED 3 WHOWORKFOR (V719) indicates whether the respondent works for a family member, for someone else, or is self-employed. 24 For someone else 23 For someone else (unpaid) 10 Works for self 11 Self-employed 12 Employer 20 Works for someone else 21 For family member (unpaid) 22 For family member 30 Works for self and someone else 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) 40 Other Work Variables -- TOPICS Woman earns cash for work 720. Do you earn a salary for this work? INSIST: Do you earn money for doing this work? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 723) WKEARNCASH (V720) indicates whether the woman earns cash for her work. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Woman works at home or away from home 723. Do you usually work in the home or outside the home? IN THE HOME 1 OUTSIDE THE HOME 2 WKHOMEAWAY (V721) indicates whether the respondent currently works at home or away from home. 1 At home 2 Away 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Who cares for youngest child while woman works 725. Who usually takes care of (NAME OF YOUNGEST CHILD IN HOUSEHOLD) while you are working? RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND/PARTNER 2 OLDER FEMALE CHILD 3 OLDER MALE CHILD 4 OTHER RELATIVES 5 COUSINS 6 FRIENDS 7 NANNY/HIRED PERSON 8 CHILD GOES TO SCHOOL 9 DAYCARE/KINDERGARTEN 10 HASN'T WORKED SINCE LAST BIRTH 95 OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ 96 For women who are currently working and who have a young child living at home, WKKIDCARE (V723) reports who usually cares for the youngest child while the woman is working. 00 Respondent 01 Husband /partner 02 Other child 03 Other relatives 04 Neighbors 05 Friends 06 Servants /hired help 07 Child is in school 08 Institutional care 09 Child's grandparents 10 Other female child 11 Other male child 95 Not worked since birth 96 Other 97 Don't know 98 Missing Work Variables -- TOPICS Respondent worked recently 711. Have you done any work in the last 12 months? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 801) WKWORKLASTYR (V731) indicates whether the respondent worked recently (i.e., was currently working, was on leave from a job in the past 7 days, or worked in the past year). 00 No 10 Yes 11 Worked in the past year 12 Currently working 13 Has a job, but on leave last 7 days 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Respondent works all year, seasonally, or occasionally 716. Do you usually work throughout the year, or do you work seasonally, or only once in a while? THROUGHOUT THE YEAR 1 (GO TO 718) SEASONALLY/PART OF THE YEAR 2 ONCE IN A WHILE 3 (GO TO 719) WKEMPLOYWHEN (V732) indicates whether the woman works throughout the year, seasonally, or occasionally. 10 All year 20 Less than all year 21 Most of the year 22 Part of the year 23 Seasonally 24 Occasionally 25 Temporary 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) 29 Other Work Variables -- TOPICS Months worked in the last year 717. Out of the last 12 months, how many months did you work? NUMBER OF MONTHS ____ For women who reported working seasonally, WKMONTHSYR (V733) reports how many months they worked in the last year. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Days worked in a typical week 718. Over the last 12 months, about how many days per week did you generally work? NUMBER OF DAYS ____ (GO TO 720) WKDAYSPERWK (V734) reports how many days the woman worked in a typical week, during the months she worked in the last 12 months. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Number of days worked in the last year 719. Over the last 12 months, about how many days did you work? NUMBER OF DAYS ____ WKDAYSLASTYR (V735) reports the number of days the woman worked in the 12 months prior to the interview. 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Earnings for work 721. How much do you usually earn for this work? INSIST: Is it by day, by week or by month? RECORD IN MGF X 1,000. BY HOUR 1 _____ BY DAY 2 _____ BY WEEK 3 _____ BY MONTH 4 _____ BY YEAR 5 _____ OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 999996 For respondents who reported earning cash for their work, WKINCOME (V736) is an 8-digit numeric variable that reports the usual amount the respondent earns in cash. The first digit gives the units in which the amount was specified, while the remaining 7 digits give the total amount. The first digit, or units digit, is coded as follows: 1 indicates earnings per hour 2 indicates earnings per day 3 indicates earnings per week 4 indicates earnings per month 5 indicates earnings per year For example, 30000400 would indicate that the respondent received 400 per week. The currency and units of currency used are both country-specific. The values reported in WKINCOME are used to create two other variables with standard time units: WKINCOMEDAY 99999997 Don't know 99999998 Missing 99999999 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Approximate daily earnings 721. How much do you usually earn for this work? INSIST: Is it by day, by week or by month? RECORD IN MGF X 1,000. BY HOUR 1 _____ BY DAY 2 _____ BY WEEK 3 _____ BY MONTH 4 _____ BY YEAR 5 _____ OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 999996 For respondents who reported earning cash for their work, WKINCOMEDAY (V737) is a 7-digit numeric variable that reports the respondent's daily earnings. The values are estimated from the earnings and unit reported in WKINCOME (V736). 9999995 9999995+ 9999997 Don't know 9999998 Missing 9999999 NIU (not in universe) 9999994 Not paid in cash Work Variables -- TOPICS Approximate yearly earnings 721. How much do you usually earn for this work? INSIST: Is it by day, by week or by month? RECORD IN MGF X 1,000. BY HOUR 1 _____ BY DAY 2 _____ BY WEEK 3 _____ BY MONTH 4 _____ BY YEAR 5 _____ OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 999996 For respondents who reported earning cash for their work, WKINCOMEYR (V738) is a 7-digit numeric variable that reports the respondent's yearly earnings. The values are estimated from the earnings and unit reported in WKINCOME (V736). 9999994 Not paid in cash 9999995 9999995+ 9999996 Other responses 9999998 Missing 9999999 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Type of land where respondent works 714. Do you work mainly on your own land or on family land, or do you work on land that you rent from someone else, or do you work on someone else's land? OWN LAND 1 FAMILY LAND 2 RENTED LAND 3 SOMEONE ELSE'S LAND 4 WKTYPELAND (V740) reports the type of land where the respondent has done agricultural work (currently or in the last 12 months). 10 Own land 20 Family land 30 Someone else's land 40 Rented land 50 Other responses 51 Public land/govt allocation 52 Communal land/shifting cultivation 53 Sharecropper 54 Other, unspecified 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Partner's occupation 706. What is (was) your husband's/partner's occupation? That is, what kind of work does (did) he mainly do? _____ HUSJOB (V705) reports the occupation of the woman's husband/partner in somewhat standardized categories. The categories included, and the degree of detail within broad categories (e.g., self-employed versus employee in agriculture, or simply agriculture), vary across samples. IPUMS-DHS employs composite coding to maximize comparability across samples (using the first digit of the codes to indicate broader job categories) without loss of detailed information (preserved in the second digit). The category "agriculture" includes fishermen, foresters, breeders, and hunters as well as farmers. 10 Did not work 11 Not working, student or applicant 12 Unemployed 13 Student 20 Prof., Tech., Manag. 30 Clerical or Sales 31 Clerical 32 Sales 40 Agricultural, breeding, fishing, forest 41 Agriculture, self-employed 42 Agriculture, employee 50 Household, domestic, and services 51 Household and domestic 52 Services 60 Skilled and unskilled manual 61 Skilled manual 62 Unskilled manual 70 Other 71 Army 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Type of land where partner works 708. Did/Does your husband/partner work mainly on his own land or on family land, or does/did he work on land that he rents/rented from someone else, or does/did he work on someone else's land? OWN LAND 1 FAMILY LAND 2 RENTED LAND 3 SOMEONE ELSE'S LAND 4 For women who are currently married and whose husband or partner works in agriculture, WKHUSLAND (V707) reports the type of land where he works. 10 Own/family land 11 Own land 12 Family land 20 Someone else's land 30 Rented land 40 Other responses 41 Public land/govt allocation 42 Communal land/shifting cultivation 43 Sharecropper 44 Other, unspecified 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Work Variables -- TOPICS Household wealth index in quintiles WEALTHQ (V190) refers to the relative wealth of the household where the woman lives, divided into quintiles from the poorest (code 1) to the richest (code 5). The wealth index is defined in the DHS Recode Manuals as follows: The wealth index is a composite measure of a household's cumulative living standard. The wealth index is calculated using easy-to-use data on a household's ownership of selected assets, such as televisions and bicycles; materials used for housing construction; and types of water access and sanitation facilities. Generated with a statistical procedure known as principal components analysis, the wealth index places individual households on a continuous scale of relative wealth. DHS separates all interviewed households into five quintiles of wealth. For additional information about the calculation and meaning of the wealth index, users should consult the summary information about the wealth index on The DHS Program website here [URL omitted from DDI.] and/or the DHS Comparative Report on "The DHS Wealth Index" here [URL omitted from DDI.]. The complementary variable WEALTHS reports the wealth index factor score for the woman's household in a specific sample. WEALTHQ and WEALTHS are included on the woman's record for Phase 5 forward only. IPUMS-DHS has made available these variables for Phase 2 forward, by linking the wealth index files to the woman's individual recode files. The variables used to calculate wealth index quintiles and the level of wealth implied by a specific ranking are sample-specific. See Comparability. 1 Poorest 2 Poorer 3 Middle 4 Richer 5 Richest 8 Missing Wealth index Variables -- TOPICS Wealth index factor score (5 decimals) WEALTHS (V191) refers to the household's wealth index value generated by the product of standardized scores (z-scores) and factor coefficient scores (factor loadings) of wealth indicators. Most researchers will want to use instead the complementary variable WEALTHQ (V190), which reports quintile ranking (from poorest to richest) of the woman's household, in terms of wealth score, for a given sample. For further information about the calculation and meaning of the wealth index, see the description of WEALTHQ, the summary information about the wealth index on the DHS Program website here [URL omitted from DDI.] and/or the DHS Comparative Report on "The DHS Wealth Index" here [URL omitted from DDI.]. The variables used to calculate wealth index scores are sample-specific. See Comparability. WEALTHS (V191) is a 12-digit numeric variable. Wealth index Variables -- TOPICS Reported literacy 114. Can you read and understand a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all? EASILY 1 WITH DIFFICULTY 2 NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 116) LIT1 (V108) indicates whether the woman could read. This information was obtained in response to the question, "Can you read a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?" In many countries, persons with secondary or higher levels of schooling were presumed to "read easily," but coding criteria varied across countries. Simply asking women whether and how easily they could read was the approach used to determine literacy in DHS Phases 1-3. Beginning in Phase 4, a different approach was employed to determine literacy. See LIT2 (V155) for details about that second approach, which involved having the respondent read a sentence aloud. See LITBRIG for information about using the data on literacy across all phases of the DHS. 00 Cannot read 10 Reads 11 Reads with difficulty 12 Reads easily 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Literacy bridging variable 114. Can you read and understand a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all? EASILY 1 WITH DIFFICULTY 2 NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 116) LITBRIG serves as a bridging variable between two approaches to collecting information on literacy. Initially, respondents were asked, "Can you read a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?" In many countries, persons with secondary or higher levels of schooling were presumed to "read easily," but coding criteria varied across countries. Beginning with Phase 4 of the DHS, persons with less than secondary school education were asked to demonstrate their literacy level by reading aloud a sentence on a card and were classified as "cannot read at all," "able to read only parts of sentence," and "able to read whole sentence." As before, those with secondary or higher schooling were presumed to have attained the highest literacy level. LITBRIG combines information from the first approach of asking about literacy (in LIT1 [V108]) and the second approach of testing literacy based on reading a sentence aloud (in LIT2 [V155]). See Comparability for more information. 10 Yes, reads 11 Reads easily/whole sentence 12 Reads with difficulty/part of sentence 20 No, cannot read 30 Not ascertained (blind or diff. language) 31 No card with required language 32 Blind or visually impaired 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Highest educational level 108. What is the highest level of school you attended: primary, secondary, or higher? PRIMARY 1 MIDDLE SCHOOL 2 HIGH SCHOOL 3 HIGHER 4 For women who ever went to school, EDUCLVL (V106) reports the highest level of school they attended. Countries vary in the gradations of their school systems, but EDUCLVL is a standardized variable reporting level of education in four broad categories: No education, Primary, Secondary, and Higher. The DHS recode manuals state, "In some countries the educational system does not fit naturally within this scheme, and a different categorization was used for the Final Report. In this case, this variable is constructed as accurately as possible from the country's own scheme, and the variable used for the Final Report is included as a country-specific variable." 0 No education 1 Primary 2 Secondary 3 Higher 8 Missing Education Variables -- TOPICS Highest year of education in level 109. What is the highest grade you completed at that level? GRADE ____ For women who ever attended school, YRSCHL (V107) reports the number of years of education completed at the highest level of schooling achieved (primary, secondary, or higher), as reported in EDUCLVL (V106). See Comparability. For the woman's total years of education, see EDYRTOTAL (V133). 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Total years education 109. What is the highest grade you completed at that level? GRADE ____ EDYRTOTAL (V133) reports the woman's education level in single years. This variable is constructed from responses to EDUCLVL (V106) and YRSCHL (V107) as follows: If EDUCLVL = "No education," EDYRTOTAL = "0" If EDUCLVL = "Primary," EDYRTOTAL = YRSCHL If EDUCLVL = "Secondary," EDYRTOTAL = YRSCHL + x If EDUCLVL = "Higher," EDYRTOTAL = YRSCHL + y If EDUCLVL = "Missing," EDYRTOTAL = "Missing" In the above equations, "x" equals the number of years needed to complete primary education, and "y" equals the number of years needed to complete primary and secondary education. The values of "x" and "y" are country-specific. 98 Missing 97 Don't know 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 01 1 00 0 96 Inconsistent 27 27 Education Variables -- TOPICS Summary educational achievement 109. What is the highest grade you completed at that level? GRADE ____ EDACHIEVER (V149) is a summary variable that reports the woman's highest level of education in broad categories. Countries vary in the gradations of their school systems, but EDACHIEVER is a standardized variable providing the level of education in six categories: No education, Incomplete primary, Complete primary, Incomplete secondary, Complete secondary, and Higher. EDACHIEVER is constructed from information contained in EDUCLVL (V106) and YRSCHL (V107). 0 No education 1 Incomplete primary 2 Complete primary 3 Incomplete secondary 4 Complete secondary 5 Higher 8 Missing Education Variables -- TOPICS Woman still in school 111. Do you currently attend school? YES 1 (GO TO 113) NO 2 INSCHOOL (V148) indicates whether young women are currently attending school or university. Women age 24 or older are assumed to no longer be in school and automatically coded as "No" (code "0"). 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Reason woman stopped attending school 112. What is the main reason you stopped going to school? GOT PREGNANT 01 GOT MARRIED 02 TO WATCH YOUNGER CHILDREN 03 FAMILY NEEDED HELP IN FIELDS/AT WORK 04 COULD NOT PAY FEES 05 NEEDED TO EARN MONEY 06 SUFFICIENTLY SCHOOLED 07 FAILED AT SCHOOL 08 NO LONGER LIKED SCHOOL 09 SCHOOL INACCESSIBLE/TOO FAR 10 OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 96 DOESN'T KNOW 98 For women who had ever attended, but are no longer attending school, WHYDROPOUT (V154) reports the reason why they stopped attending school. 01 Got pregnant 02 Got married 03 Needed to take care of children 04 Family needed help 05 Could not pay for school 06 Needed to earn money 07 Graduated/had enough schooling 08 Failed/did not pass exams 09 Did not like school 10 School was not accessible/too far 11 Preferred to work 12 Health problems/got sick 13 Told by parents to stop 14 No opportunity to continue/no vacancies 15 School shut down/no teacher 16 Moved 17 Waiting for approved admission 18 Family displaced 96 Other 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Partner's educational level 704. What was the highest level of school he attended: primary, secondary or higher? PRIMARY 1 SECONDARY 1 2 SECONDARY 2 3 HIGHER 4 (GO TO 706) For women who had ever been married or lived with a man, HUSEDLVL (V701) reports the highest level of school attended by their most recent husband/partner. Countries vary in the gradations of their school systems, but HUSEDLVL is a standardized variable reporting the level of education in four categories: No education, Primary, Secondary, and Higher. The DHS recode manuals state, "In some countries the educational system does not fit naturally within this scheme, and a different categorization was used for the Final Report. In this case, this variable is constructed as accurately as possible from the country's own scheme, and the variable used for the Final Report is included as a country-specific variable." 0 No education 1 Primary 2 Secondary 3 Higher 4 Other 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Partner's highest year of education in level 705. What was the highest grade he completed at that level? GRADE ____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 For women whose most recent husband/partner had ever attended school, HUSEDYR (V702) reports the number of years of schooling completed by their husband/partner at the educational level (primary, secondary, or higher) reported in HUSEDLVL (V701). For the husband's total years of education, see HUSEDYRS (V715). 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 95 Other 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Partner's education in total years schooling 705. What was the highest grade he completed at that level? GRADE ____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 For women who had ever been married or lived with a man, HUSEDYRS (V715) reports the education of the woman's most recent husband/partner in single years. This variable is constructed from responses to HUSEDLVL (V701) and HUSEDYR (V702) as follows: If HUSEDLVL = "No education," HUSEDYRS = "0" If HUSEDLVL = "Primary," HUSEDYRS = HUSEDYR If HUSEDLVL = "Secondary," HUSEDYRS = HUSEDYR + x If HUSEDLVL = "Higher," HUSEDYRS = HUSEDYR + y If HUSEDLVL = "Missing," HUSEDYRS = "Missing" In the above equations, "x" equals the number of years needed to complete primary education, and "y" equals the number of years needed to complete primary and secondary education. The values of "x" and "y" are country-specific. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 95 Other 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Husband's summary educational achievement 705. What was the highest grade he completed at that level? GRADE ____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 HUSEDACHIEVER (V729) is a summary variable that reports the highest level of education in broad categories for the woman's husband/partner. Countries vary in the gradations of their school systems, but HUSEDACHIEVER is a standardized variable providing the level of education in six categories: No education, Incomplete primary, Complete primary, Incomplete secondary, Complete secondary, and Higher. HUSEDACHIEVER is constructed from information contained in the HUSEDLVL (V701) and HUSEDYR (V702) variables. 0 No education 1 Incomplete primary 2 Complete primary 3 Incomplete secondary 4 Complete secondary 5 Higher 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Reads newspaper once a week 115. Do you read a newspaper or magazine at least once a week? YES 1 NO 2 NEWSWK (V109) indicates whether the woman usually reads a newspaper or magazine at least once a week. For a comparable variable reporting the frequency of newspaper or magazine reading, see NEWSFQ (V157). For a variable bridging NEWSWK and NEWSFQ, see NEWSBRIG. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Media exposure Variables -- TOPICS Reads newspaper: Bridging variable 115. Do you read a newspaper or magazine at least once a week? YES 1 NO 2 NEWSBRIG serves as a bridging variable between two approaches to collecting information on exposure to newspapers and magazines. For DHS Phases 1-3, respondents were asked whether they read a newspaper or magazine at least once a week (NEWSWK (V109)). Beginning in DHS Phase 4, respondents were asked how often they read newspapers or magazines (NEWSFQ (V157)). NEWSBRIG uses composite coding to combine data from these two approaches. See Comparability for more information. 00 No 01 No, not at all 02 No, less than once a week 10 Yes 11 At least once a week 12 Almost every day 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) 97 Don't know Media exposure Variables -- TOPICS Watches TV every week 117. Do you watch the television at least once a week? YES 1 NO 2 TVWK (V110) indicates whether the woman usually watches television at least once a week. For a comparable variable reporting the frequency of watching television, see TVFQ (V159). For a variable bridging TVWK and TVFQ, see TVBRIG. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Media exposure Variables -- TOPICS Watches television: Bridging variable 117. Do you watch the television at least once a week? YES 1 NO 2 TVBRIG serves as a bridging variable between two approaches to collecting information on exposure to television. For DHS Phases 1-3, respondents were asked whether they watch television at least once a week (TVWK (V110)). Beginning in DHS Phase 4, respondents were asked how often they watch television (TVFQ (V159)). TVBRIG uses composite coding to combine data from these two approaches; see Comparability. 00 No 01 No, not at all 02 No, less than once a week 10 Yes 11 At least once a week 12 Almost every day 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) 97 Don't know Media exposure Variables -- TOPICS Listens to radio every day 116. Do you listen to the radio at least once a day? YES 1 NO 2 RADIODAY (V111) indicates whether the woman usually listens to the radio every day. 1 Yes 8 Missing 0 No Media exposure Variables -- TOPICS Listens to radio every week 116. Do you listen to the radio at least once a day? YES 1 NO 2 RADIOWK (V112) indicates whether the woman usually listens to the radio at least once a week. Women who reported that they listen to the radio daily (see RADIODAY (V111)) were automatically coded as "Yes." For a comparable variable reporting the frequency of listening to the radio, see RADIOFQ (V158). For a variable bridging RADIOWK and RADIOFQ, see RADIOBRIG. 1 Yes 8 Missing 0 No Media exposure Variables -- TOPICS Listens to radio: Bridging variable 116. Do you listen to the radio at least once a day? YES 1 NO 2 RADIOBRIG serves as a bridging variable between two approaches to collecting information on exposure to the radio. For DHS Phases 1-3, respondents were asked whether they listen to the radio at least once a week (RADIOWK (V112)). Beginning in DHS Phase 4, respondents were asked how often they listen to the radio (RADIOFQ (V158)). RADIOBRIG uses composite coding to combine data from these two approaches; see Comparability. 00 No 01 Not at all 02 Less than once a week 10 Yes 11 At least once a week 12 Almost every day 98 Missing 97 Don't know Media exposure Variables -- TOPICS Final say on spending woman's earnings 722. CHECK 502: YES, CURRENTLY MARRIED OR LIVING WITH A MAN. Who principally decides how the money you earn will be used? NO, NOT IN UNION. Who principally decides how the money you earn will be used? ('HUSBAND/PARTNER' OMITTED IN RESPONSE SET) RESPONDENT 1 HUSBAND/PARTNER 2 RESPONDENT AND HUSBAND/PARTNER JOINTLY 3 SOMEONE ELSE 4 SOMEONE ELSE AND RESPONDENT TOGETHER 5 For women who have worked in the last 12 months and were paid in cash or in cash and in kind in the last 12 months, DECFEMEARN (V739) indicates who in the woman's household usually makes decisions regarding how the income she earns is spent. 10 Woman alone 20 Woman and husband/partner 30 Woman and someone else 40 Husband/partner 50 Someone else 51 Mother or father 52 Aunt or uncle 53 Family elders 54 Someone else, unspecified 60 Other or not applciable 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Decision-making Variables -- TOPICS Fertility preferences 602. CHECK 227: NOT PREGNANT OR UNSURE. Now I have some questions about the future. Would you like to have a/another child, or would you prefer not to have any(more) children? PREGNANT. Now I have some questions about the future. After the child you are expecting now, would you like to have another child, or would you prefer not to have any more children? HAVE (A/ANOTHER) CHILD 1 NO MORE/NONE 2 (GO TO 604) SAYS SHE CAN'T GET PREGNANT 3 (GO TO 606) UNDECIDED/DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 604) For countries with low contraceptive prevalence, FERTPREF (V602) reports responses to the question, "Would you like to have a (another) child or would you prefer not to have any (more) children"? The standard response categories are "have another," "no more/none," "says she can't get pregnant," and "undecided or don't know." In Phase I, FERTPREF (V602), was constructed from two questions in countries with high contraceptive prevalence (Model "A" questionnaires). Women who responded that they want another child, but when asked when they would like the next child, respond that they cannot get pregnant, are classified in the "declared infecund category," and not in the "Wants another" category. Some samples also include the response "up to God." More detailed responses under the general category "says she can't get pregnant" are sometimes available. In IPUMS-DHS, all responses in the general category of "not at risk of pregnancy" share a common first digit of 5, while the second digit distinguishes between the specific reasons. In some countries, women who never had sexual intercourse (coded as "53" in IPUMS-DHS) were not asked the questions relating to their desire for future children. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Missing 53 Never had sex 52 Declared infecund 51 Sterilized 50 Not at risk of pregnancy 40 Up to God 30 No more 20 Undecided 10 Have another General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Unmet need for FP UNMETNEED (V624) is a constructed variable that reports a woman's need for family planning according to whether she has an unmet need or a met need to space or to limit her future births. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. The following describes the constructed categories in more detail: Unmet need for spacing includes pregnant women whose pregnancy was mistimed, postpartum amenorrheic women whose last birth was mistimed, and fecund women who are neither pregnant nor postpartum amenorrheic and who are not using any method of family planning and say they want to wait two or more years for their next birth, are undecided about the timing of the next birth, or are undecided whether to have another child. Unmet need for limiting includes pregnant women whose pregnancy was unwanted, postpartum amenorrheic women whose last birth was unwanted, and fecund women who are neither pregnant nor postpartum amenorrheic and who are not using any method of family planning and who want no more children. Met need for spacing includes women who are using some method of family planning and say they want to have another child, are undecided about the timing of the next birth, or are undecided whether to have another child. Met need for limiting includes women who are using family planning and who want no more children. Note that the specific methods (modern or traditional) are not taken into account here. Met need describes women who have no need for contraceptive methods, either because they desire a child soon (within the next two years) or because they are menopausal or infecund. In high contraceptive prevalence countries (Model "A" countries), pregnant and postpartum amenorrheic women whose pregnancy was the result of a contraceptive failure are not included in the category of unmet need, but they are categorized as spacing failures or limiting failures. In low contraceptive prevalence countries (Model "B" countries), no such distinction is made, since information was not collected on contraceptive failure. Infecund women are also excluded from the unmet need categories. The "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" provides the following definitions: Fecundity: A woman is assumed to be fecund unless she declares that she is infecund, had a hysterectomy, or is menopausic. Women who are neither pregnant nor postpartum amenorrheic but who have not menstruated for six or more months, and married women who have not used contraception in the past five years but have not had a birth and are not pregnant, are also considered infecund. Failure to Space: This includes women who are pregnant (not due to a contraceptive failure) or are less than six months postpartum amenorrheic who say they wanted the current pregnancy later. Failure to Limit: This includes women who are pregnant (not due to a contraceptive failure) or are less than six months postpartum amenorrheic who say that they did not want another child before they became pregnant. Excluded from the unmet need category are women who became pregnant while using a method (these women are in need of a better method of contraception). The infecund or menopausal category on the UNMETNEED (V624) variable contains fewer cases than the EXPOSURE1 variable, because women who are categorized as infecund or menopausal, but are currently using a contraceptive method, are recorded in the two "met need" categories in UNMETNEED. UNMETNEED (V624) incorporates responses to the following variables: [EXPOSURE1/V623], which reports the woman's exposure to the risk of pregnancy, defined as pregnant, postpartum amenorrheic, menopausal or infecund, and fecund. [ V225], which reports whether a current pregnancy was wanted then, later or not at all (for women who were pregnant at the time of interview). [KIDDESIRE/V605] ,which reports whether the woman wants more children and when she would like them. [FPMETHNOW/V312] which reports the woman's current use of contraception. Users are also encouraged to see details of this variable provided in the "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006) [URL omitted from DDI.]. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Missing 61 Desire birth in less than 2 years 60 No unmet need 53 Never had sex 52 Not in union, not sexually active 51 Infecund or menopausal 50 Not at risk 41 No sex, want to wait 40 Future need for FP 32 Limiting failure 31 Spacing failure 30 Had FP failure 22 Using to limit 21 Using to space 20 Now using FP 12 Unmet need to limit 11 Unmet need to space 10 Has unmet need for FP General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Unmet need for FP (2nd def) UNMETNEED2 (V626) is a constructed variable that indicates a woman's need for family planning according to whether she has an unmet need or a met need to space or to limit her future births. UNMETNEED2 is similar to UNMETNEED, but UNMETNEED2 differently categorizes women who are infecund or menopausal but are currently using a contraceptive method. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. The construction of UNMETNEED2 uses a definition of fecundity based on exposure status as reported in EXPOSURE2. UNMETNEED, by contrast, uses a definition of exposure status as reported in EXPOSURE1. See the descriptions of these two variables for discussion of their differences. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Unknown 53 No sex, want to wait/not married and no sex in last 30 days 52 Never had sex 51 Infecund, menopausal 50 Not at risk for pregnancy 41 Desire birth in less than 2 yrs 40 No unmet need 32 Limiting failure 31 Spacing failure 30 Family limitation failure 22 Using to limit 21 Using to space 20 Now using FP 12 Unmet need to limit 11 Unmet need to space 10 Has unmet need for FP General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Desire for more children 602. CHECK 227: NOT PREGNANT OR UNSURE. Now I have some questions about the future. Would you like to have a/another child, or would you prefer not to have any(more) children? PREGNANT. Now I have some questions about the future. After the child you are expecting now, would you like to have another child, or would you prefer not to have any more children? HAVE (A/ANOTHER) CHILD 1 NO MORE/NONE 2 (GO TO 604) SAYS SHE CAN'T GET PREGNANT 3 (GO TO 606) UNDECIDED/DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 604) KIDDESIRE (V605) is a constructed variable that distinguishes between women who want another child soon (in less than two years), who want another child later (in 2+ years), who want no more children, and who aren't sure (about timing or about the number of children desired). When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. The construction of this variable has changed across phases of the DHS and varies across countries (only sometimes distinguishing between groups of women not at risk of pregnancy due to sterilization, infecundity, or virginity). To maximize comparability across samples, IPUMS-DHS employs composite coding. Women who want more children share a common first digit of 1, women not at risk of pregnancy share a common first digit of 6, and detail present in only some samples is specified in the code's second digit. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Unknown 63 Never had sex 62 Declared infecund 61 Sterilized 60 Not at risk of pregnancy 51 Up to God 50 Fatalistic response 40 Wants no more 30 Undecided 13 Wants, unsure timing 12 Wants after 2+ years 11 Wants within 2 years 10 Wants more children General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Wanted last child 405. At the time you became pregnant with (NAME), did you want to become pregnant then, did you want to wait until later, or did you not want to have any (more) children at all? THEN 1 (GO TO 407) LATER 2 NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 407) FPLCHDESIRE (V367) reports whether the woman's last born child was wanted at the time she got pregnant, was wanted but at a later time, or was not wanted at all. The cutoff point for when the woman's last child was born varies across samples; see Comparability. 1 Wanted last child then 2 Wanted last child later 3 Wanted no more children 7 Unsure 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Attitude toward becoming pregnant 605. If you were to become pregnant in the next several weeks, would you be happy, not happy, or indifferent? HAPPY 1 NOT HAPPY 2 INDIFFERENT 3 ATTPREG (V606) reports the woman's attitude towards becoming pregnant. This question is asked of women who are at risk of becoming pregnant, but the definition of "at risk" varies across samples; see Comparability. 6 Other 1 Happy 2 Unhappy 3 Would not matter 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Time wanted current pregnancy 229. At the time you became pregnant, did you want to become pregnant then, did you want to wait until later, or did you not want to have any (more) children at all? THEN 1 LATER 2 NOT AT ALL 3 For women who are currently pregnant, PGDESIRE (V225) reports whether, at the time of becoming pregnant, the woman wanted her pregnancy then, later, or not at all. 1 Then 2 Later 3 Not at all 4 Up to God 7 Don't know/Not sure 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ideal number of children 612. CHECK 216: HAS LIVING CHILDREN. If you could go back to the time you did not have any children and could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be? PROBE FOR A NUMERIC RESPONSE. NO LIVING CHILDREN. If you could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be? PROBE FOR A NUMERIC RESPONSE. NUMBER ____ OTHER (SPECIFY) ________ 96 (GO TO 614) IDEALKID (V613) reports the ideal total number of children the woman would have liked to have in her whole life, regardless of her actual childbearing. The information is collected through hypothetical questions such as, "If you could go back to the time you did not have any children and could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be?" (for women with living children) or "If you could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be?" (for women without living children). If the woman responded with a range of values, IDEALKID reports the midpoint between those values. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, "If the midpoint is not an exact number then the number is rounded up in half the cases and rounded down for the other half." The questionnaires included space for non-numeric "other" responses, such as "Up to God." When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 98 Missing 97 Don't know 66 Number she has currently 65 Depends on husband 64 As many as possible 63 Never thought about it 62 Any number/Fatalistic 61 Up to God/As Allah wills 60 Non-numeric response 50 50 49 49 48 48 47 47 46 46 45 45 44 44 43 43 42 42 41 41 40 40 39 39 38 38 37 37 36 36 35 35 34 34 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 01 1 00 0 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 67 As many as can care for 68 Doesn't want children 99 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ideal number of children (grouped) 612. CHECK 216: HAS LIVING CHILDREN. If you could go back to the time you did not have any children and could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be? PROBE FOR A NUMERIC RESPONSE. NO LIVING CHILDREN. If you could choose exactly the number of children to have in your whole life, how many would that be? PROBE FOR A NUMERIC RESPONSE. NUMBER ____ OTHER (SPECIFY) ________ 96 (GO TO 614) Like IDEALKID, IDEALKIDGRP (V614) reports the total number of children the woman would hypothetically like to have in her whole life, regardless of her actual childbearing, but top-codes numeric responses at 6+ children and codes non-numeric responses as 7. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 8 Missing 7 Non-numeric response 6 6+ 5 5 4 4 3 3 2 2 1 1 0 [no label] 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ideal number of boy children 613. How many of these children would you like to be boys, how many would you like to be girls and for how many would the sex not matter? BOYS ____ OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 96 GIRLS ____ OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 96 EITHER ____ OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 96 Based on a follow-up question to IDEALKID (V613), which collects information about the ideal number of children the woman would hypothetically want to have in her whole life, IDEALBOYS (V627) reports how many of these children would ideally be boys. Numeric responses to IDEALBOYS (V627), IDEALGIRLS (V628), and IDEALBOTH (V629) should sum to the total number of children in IDEALKID (V613). Non-numeric responses (such as "up to God") are allowed for each of these variables. 98 Missing 97 Don't know 63 Never thought about it 62 Any number/Fatalistic 61 Up to God/As Allah wills 60 Non-numeric response 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 01 1 00 0 64 As many as possible 65 Depends on husband 99 NIU (not in universe) 66 Number she has currently 69 No sex preference General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ideal number of girl children 613. How many of these children would you like to be boys, how many would you like to be girls and for how many would the sex not matter? BOYS ____ OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 96 GIRLS ____ OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 96 EITHER ____ OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 96 Based on a follow-up question to IDEALKID (V613), which collects information about the ideal number of children the woman would hypothetically want to have in her whole life, IDEALGIRLS reports how many of these children would ideally be girls. Numeric responses to IDEALGIRLS (V628), IDEALBOYS (V627), and IDEALBOTH (V629) should sum to the total number of children in IDEALKID (V613). Non-numeric responses (such as "up to God") are allowed for each of these variables. 98 Missing 97 Don't know 63 Never thought about it 62 Any number/Fatalistic 61 God's decision/Allah's will 60 Non-numeric response 40 40 39 39 38 38 37 37 36 36 35 35 34 34 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 01 1 00 0 64 As many as possible 65 Depends on husband 99 NIU (not in universe) 66 Number she has currently 69 No sex preference General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ideal number of children of either sex 613. How many of these children would you like to be boys, how many would you like to be girls and for how many would the sex not matter? BOYS ____ OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 96 GIRLS ____ OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 96 EITHER ____ OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 96 Based on a follow-up question to IDEALKID (V613), which collects information about the ideal number of children the woman would hypothetically want to have in her whole life, IDEALBOTH (V629) reports the ideal number of children of either sex (i.e., with no gender preference). Numeric responses to IDEALGIRLS (V628), IDEALBOYS (V627), and IDEALBOTH (V629) should sum to the total number of children in IDEALKID. Non-numeric responses (such as "up to God") are allowed for each of these variables. 98 Missing 97 Don't know 63 Never thought about it 62 Any number/Fatalistic 61 Up to God/As Allah wills 60 Non-numeric response 40 40 39 39 38 38 37 37 36 36 35 35 34 34 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 01 1 00 0 64 As many as possible 65 Depends on husband 66 Number she has currently 99 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ideal time before future birth 603. CHECK 227: NOT PREGNANT OR UNSURE How long would you like to wait from now before the birth of (a/another) child? PREGNANT After the birth of the child you are expecting now, how long would you like to wait before the birth of another child? MONTHS 1 ____ YEARS 2 ____ SOON/NOW 993 (GO TO 606) SAYS SHE CAN'T GET PREGNANT 994 (GO TO 606) AFTER MARRIAGE 995 (GO TO 606) OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ 996 DOESN'T KNOW 998 IDEALBTHFUT (V616) reports how long the woman would like to wait before the birth of a/another child. 100 Less than 1 month 101 1 month 102 2 months 103 3 months 104 4 months 105 5 months 106 6 months 107 7 months 108 8 months 109 9 months 110 10 months 111 11 months 112 12 months 113 13 months 114 14 months 115 15 months 116 16 months 117 17 months 118 18 months 119 19 months 120 20 months 121 21 months 122 22 months 123 23 months 124 24 months 125 25 months 126 26 months 127 27 months 128 28 months 129 29 months 130 30 months 131 31 months 132 32 months 133 33 months 134 34 months 135 35 months 136 36 months 137 37 months 138 38 months 139 39 months 140 40 months 141 41 months 142 42 months 143 43 months 144 44 months 145 45 months 146 46 months 147 47 months 148 48 months 149 49 months 150 50 months 151 51 months 152 52 months 153 53 months 154 54 months 155 55 months 156 56 months 157 57 months 158 58 months 159 59 months 160 60 months 161 61 months 162 62 months 163 63 months 164 64 months 165 65 months 166 66 months 167 67 months 168 68 months 169 69 months 170 70 months 171 71 months 172 72 months 173 73 months 174 74 months 175 75 months 176 76 months 177 77 months 178 78 months 179 79 months 180 80 months 181 81 months 182 82 months 183 83 months 184 84 months 185 85 months 186 86 months 187 87 months 188 88 months 189 89 months 190 90 months 191 91 months 192 92 months 193 93 months 194 94 months 195 95 months 196 96 months 197 97 months 198 98 months 199 Months, unspecified number 200 Less than 1 year 201 1 year 202 2 years 203 3 years 204 4 years 205 5 years 206 6 years 207 7 years 208 8 years 209 9 years 210 10 years 211 11 years 212 12 years 213 13 years 214 14 years 215 15 years 216 16 years 217 17 years 218 18 years 219 19 years 220 20 years 221 21 years 222 22 years 223 23 years 224 24 years 225 25 years 226 26 years 227 27 years 228 28 years 229 29 years 230 30 years 231 31 years 232 32 years 233 33 years 234 34 years 235 35+ years 299 Years, number missing 989 Up to God 990 After finishing school 991 After marriage 992 When husband returns 993 After breastfeeding 994 At any time 995 Soon/now 996 Other 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Preferred waiting time for birth of a(nother) child 603. CHECK 227: NOT PREGNANT OR UNSURE How long would you like to wait from now before the birth of (a/another) child? PREGNANT After the birth of the child you are expecting now, how long would you like to wait before the birth of another child? MONTHS 1 ____ YEARS 2 ____ SOON/NOW 993 (GO TO 606) SAYS SHE CAN'T GET PREGNANT 994 (GO TO 606) AFTER MARRIAGE 995 (GO TO 606) OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ 996 DOESN'T KNOW 998 For women who want to have a/another child, PREFTIMECH (V603) reports the amount of time, in months or years, they would like to wait before the birth of a/another child (top-coded at 20 years). The complementary variable PREFTIMECH (V604) reports responses to the same question, but in terms of years only, top-coded at 6+ years. PREFTIMECH includes women who are either pregnant or at risk of pregnancy. However, the definition of "at risk of pregnancy" varies across samples, and the way this variable was asked and calculated also changed over time; see Comparability. 100 Less than one month (want now) 101 1 month 102 2 months 103 3 months 104 4 months 105 5 months 106 6 months 107 7 months 108 8 months 109 9 months 110 10 months 111 11 months 112 12 months 113 13 months 114 14 months 115 15 months 116 16 months 117 17 months 118 18 months 119 19 months 120 20 months 121 21 months 122 22 months 123 23 months 124 24 months 125 25 months 126 26 months 127 27 months 128 28 months 129 29 months 130 30 months 131 31 months 132 32 months 133 33 months 134 34 months 135 35 months 136 36 months 137 37 months 138 38 months 139 39 months 140 40 months 141 41 months 142 42 months 143 43 months 144 44 months 145 45 months 146 46 months 147 47 months 148 48 months 149 49 months 150 50 months 151 51 months 152 52 months 153 53 months 154 54 months 155 55 months 156 56 months 157 57 months 158 58 months 159 59 months 160 60 months 161 61 months 162 62 months 163 63 months 164 64 months 165 65 months 166 66 months 167 67 months 168 68 months 169 69 months 170 70 months 171 71 months 172 72 months 173 73 months 174 74 months 175 75 months 176 76 months 177 77 months 178 78 months 179 79 months 180 80 months 181 81 months 182 82 months 183 83 months 184 84 months 185 85 months 186 86 months 187 87 months 188 88 months 189 89 months 190 90 months 191 91 months 192 92 months 193 93 months 194 94 months 195 95 months 196 96 months 197 97 months 198 98 months 199 Months, number unspecified 200 Less than one year 201 1 year 202 2 years 203 3 years 204 4 years 205 5 years 206 6 years 207 7 years 208 8 years 209 9 years 210 10 years 211 11 years 212 12 years 213 13 years 214 14 years 215 15 years 216 16 years 217 17 years 218 18 years 219 19 years 220 20 years or more 299 Years, number unspecified 987 After weaning 989 After finishing school 990 When spouse returns 991 Up to God 992 After marriage 993 Any time 994 Soon or immediately 995 Other, non-numeric response 996 Inconsistent response 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Preferred waiting time for birth of a(nother) child (grouped) 603. CHECK 227: NOT PREGNANT OR UNSURE How long would you like to wait from now before the birth of (a/another) child? PREGNANT After the birth of the child you are expecting now, how long would you like to wait before the birth of another child? MONTHS 1 ____ YEARS 2 ____ SOON/NOW 993 (GO TO 606) SAYS SHE CAN'T GET PREGNANT 994 (GO TO 606) AFTER MARRIAGE 995 (GO TO 606) OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ 996 DOESN'T KNOW 998 For women who want to have a/another child, PREFTIMECHGP (V604) reports the amount of time, in years, they would like to wait before the birth of a/another child, top-coded at 6+ years. PREFTIMECHGP includes women who are either pregnant or at risk of pregnancy. However, the definition of "at risk of pregnancy" varies across samples; see Comparability. The related variable PREFTIMECH presents the same information in greater detail, in terms of months or years, top-coded at 20 years. 00 Less than 12 months 01 1 year 02 2 years 03 3 years 04 4 years 05 5 years 06 6 or more years 96 Non-numeric response 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Husband's desire for children 623. Do you think that your husband/partner wants the same number of children that you want, or does he want more or fewer than you want? SAME NUMBER 1 MORE CHILDREN 2 FEWER CHILDREN 3 DOESN'T KNOW 8 HUSFERTPREF (V621) reports whether the woman believes her partner wants the same number of children, more children, or fewer children than she wants. 01 Both want same 02 Husband wants more 03 Husband wants fewer 07 Don't Know 08 Missing 09 NIU (not in universe) 04 Both provided non-numeric response General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Respondent approves of couples using FP 614. In general, do you approve or disapprove of couples that use a method to avoid becoming pregnant? APPROVE 1 DISAPPROVE 2 NO OPINION 3 FPAPPROVE (V612) indicates whether the woman approves, in general, of the use of family planning to avoid a pregnancy. 0 Disapproves 1 Approves 3 Depends 7 Don't know/Undecided 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Husband approves FP use Spouses don't always agree on everything. Now I would like to ask you some questions about your husband's/partner's opinions on family planning. 621. Do you think that your husband/partner approves or disapproves of couples that use a method to avoid a pregnancy? APPROVES 1 DISAPPROVES 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 HUSPROFP (V610) indicates whether the woman believes her husband or male partner approves of couples using a family planning method to avoid pregnancy. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 10 Disapproves 20 Approves or indifferent 21 Approves 22 Indifferent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Fecund, pregnant, amenorrheic, or infecund EXPOSURE1 (V623) is a constructed variable that draws upon responses to several questions to differentiate between pregnant women, postpartum amenorrheic women, menopausal or infecund women, and fecund women. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, these categories are actualized as follows: Pregnant women Postpartum amenorrheic women are those whose period has not returned since the last birth in the three/five years preceding the survey. Women are defined as being menopausal if they are not pregnant and not postpartum amenorrheic, are not currently using a contraceptive method, and have not had a period in the six months preceding the survey or report they are in menopause. Women are defined as being infecund if they are not menopausal and not postpartum amenorrheic and not pregnant, have had no birth in the five years preceding the survey, and either (Model "A" countries) have been continuously married and have not used contraception in the five years preceding the survey, or (Model "B" countries) have been married one time and first married five or more years before the survey and have never used contraception. Fecund women are all women not included in the preceding categories. 3 Infecund, menopausal 2 Amenorrheic 1 Pregnant 0 Fecund 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Fecund, pregnant, amenorrheic, or infecund (2nd def) Like EXPOSURE1, EXPOSURE2 (V625) is a constructed variable that draws upon responses to several questions to distinguish between pregnant women, postpartum amenorrheic women, menopausal or infecund women, and fecund women. EXPOSURE2 uses a more liberal definition of infecundity than EXPOSURE1, however. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. The DHS Recode Manuals explain the differences between these two variables as follows: For Model "B" countries, it is only possible to say that a woman had been continuously married throughout the preceding five years if she was in her first union. This definition has been relaxed in V625 [EXPOSURE2], such that the respondent need only have been married at least five years ago, and not continuously married throughout the last five years. For Model "A" countries, there is no change to this part of the definition. [For EXPOSURE2] Two additional variables have been used to declare a woman infecund. If the respondent said that she cannot get pregnant when asked about preferences for additional children, or if she reported that she was menopausal or had a hysterectomy when giving the reason she was not currently using a contraceptive method, the respondent is coded as infecund. Model A countries and Model B countries are defined according to whether the country based its questionnaire on the Model A or Model B standard DHS questionnaire for DHS phases one through four. In general, the Model A questionnaire was designed for use in countries with high contraceptive prevalence. Nonetheless, countries with relatively low contraceptive prevalence sometimes modeled their own questionnaire on the Model A standard questionnaire. This was the case, for example, for the Kenyan samples for 1998 and 2003 and the Malawi samples for 2000 and 2004. 0 Fecund 1 Pregnant 2 Amenorrheic 3 Infecund, menopausal 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know any type of FP method SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPKNOTYP (V301) is a summary (recoded) variable indicating whether the woman knew any family planning method and, if so, whether she knew a modern method or only a traditional or folkloric method. In the DHS, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet) that vary across samples. 00 Knows no method 10 Knows only traditional or folkloric method 11 Knows only folkloric method 12 Knows only traditional method 20 Knows modern method 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about Pill for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPKNOPILL (V304_01) indicates whether the woman knew about the Pill as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about IUD for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPKNOIUD (V304_02) indicates whether the woman knew about the IUD (intra-uterine device) as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. In probe questions, an IUD was often described as "a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse." 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about injectable FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPKNOINJ (V304_03) indicates whether the woman knew about injectables as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. For the probe question, injectables were typically defined as "an injection by a doctor or nurse, which stops them from becoming pregnant for several months." 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about diaphragm for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPKNODIA (V304_04) indicates whether the woman knew about the diaphragm or spermicides, such as a foam or jelly, as a method for family planning. Some phases combine diaphragm and spermicides in the response and some are separate; see Comparability. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about condom for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPKNOCON (V304_05) indicates whether the woman knew about male condoms as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about female sterilization for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPKNOFST (V304_06) indicates whether the woman knew about female sterilization as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about male sterilization for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPKNOMST (V304_07) indicates whether the woman knew about male sterilization as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about implants or Norplant for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPKNOIMP (V304_11) indicates whether the woman knew about implants (such as Norplant) as a method for family planning. Implants were generally described as "small rods placed in their arm by a doctor, which stops them from becoming pregnant for several years." Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about withdrawal for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPKNOWD (V304_09) indicates whether the woman knew about withdrawal as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Know about rhythm for FP SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPKNORHY (V304_08) indicates whether the woman knew about the rhythm method (periodic abstinence at the high-fertility part of the woman's menstrual cycle) as a method for family planning. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 10 Yes 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 00 No 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Knows about medicinal plants or herbs as a method of family planning SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPKNOPLT indicates whether the woman knew about using medicinal plants or herbs as a method for family planning. The complementary variable FPEVUSPLT indicates whether the woman had ever used this method to delay or avoid a pregnancy. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Knows about other contraceptive as a method of family planning SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPKNOOM (V304_10) indicates whether the woman knew about any "other" method(s) as a method of family planning. The complementary variable FPEVUSOM indicates whether the woman had ever used any "other" method(s) to delay or avoid a pregnancy. The meaning of "other" in this case depends on the specific response categories included in a given sample. Some samples differentiate between spontaneous and probed affirmative responses; see Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, spontaneously 12 Yes, probed 97 Method not asked about at all 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Thinks breastfeeding related to chance of becoming pregnant 337. Do you think that breastfeeding can influence a women's ability to become pregnant? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 401) DOESN'T KNOW 8 FPBFLINKPG (V396) indicates whether the woman believed breastfeeding could affect the chance of becoming pregnant. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 7 Don't know Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Thinks breastfeeding affects risk of pregnancy how 338. Do you think that breastfeeding increases or decreases a woman's chance of becoming pregnant? INCREASES 1 (GO TO 401) DECREASES 2 IT DEPENDS 3 DOESN'T KNOW 8 FPBFRELPGHOW (V397) reports how the woman thought breastfeeding affects the risk of pregnancy (increases risk, decreases risk, unchanged risk, or depends). Women who answered "No" to a preceding question about whether breastfeeding affects the risk of pregnancy (FPBFLINKPG) (V396) are coded "0" (unchanged risk) for FPBFRELPGHOW. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 0 Unchanged risk 1 Increased risk 2 Decreased risk 3 Depends 7 Don't know 8 Missing Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Known source for FP 333. Where is it? IF IT IS A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OR A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC, WRITE THE NAME OF THE ESTABLISHMENT. PROBE TO DETERMINE THE PROPER TYPE OF SECTOR AND CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE. NAME OF PLACE __________ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C MEDICAL POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) ______ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G PF/FISA CENTER H OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ Z FPKNOANYSRC (V379) reports the source where the respondent knows contraceptives can be obtained. This variable is constructed from a series of questions. Because the questions used to construct this variable changed slightly across phases, IPUMS-DHS users are encouraged to review the Comparability tab. The related variable FPKNOANYSRCS (V380) reports known sources for contraceptives, in standardized categories. 0000 No one/did not consult source 1000 PUBLIC SECTOR 1100 Government hospital 1110 Referral/specialty hospital 1120 National/central hospital 1130 Regional/provincial hospital 1140 Urban hospital 1150 District/rural hospital 1151 District hospital 1152 Rural hospital 1160 University/teaching hospital 1161 University hospital 1162 Teaching hospital 1200 Government health center 1210 Referral health center 1220 Community health center 1230 Urban health center 1240 Rural health center 1250 Integrated health center 1260 Family welfare center 1270 Primary health center 1300 Government pharmacy/dispensary 1310 Government pharmacy 1320 Government dispensary 1400 Government maternity home 1410 Mother and child health (MCH) center 1420 Rural maternity clinic 1500 Government family planning clinic 1510 Stand-alone family planning clinic 1520 Mobile family planning clinic 1600 Government outreach 1610 Government health post 1611 Village health post 1620 Government mobile clinic 1630 Government health worker 1631 Fieldworker 1632 Community-based distribution agent (CBDA) 1633 Community/village health worker 1634 Health surveillance assistant (HSA) 1635 Paramedic 1636 Doctor 1637 Nurse 1900 Other public sector 1901 Camp 1902 Health box 1903 Health station/clinic 1904 Health office 1905 Community clinic 1906 Health insurance organization 1907 Curative care organization 1908 Parastatal health facility 1909 Female Community Health Volunteer Program (FCHV) of Nepal 2000 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR 2100 Private hospital/clinic 2110 Private hospital 2111 Referral/specialty hospital 2120 Private clinic 2200 Private doctor 2210 Qualified doctor 2220 Traditional doctor 2230 Doctor/birth attendant 2300 Private pharmacy/dispensary 2310 Private pharmacy 2320 Private dispensary 2400 Private family planning clinic 2500 Private outreach 2510 Private mobile clinic 2520 Private health worker 2521 Fieldworker 2522 Community-based distribution agent (CBDA) 2523 Nurse 2524 Paramedic 2526 Community/village health worker 2527 Midwife 2600 Private health center 2610 VCT center 2700 Private maternity home 2900 Other private medical sector 2901 Care room 2902 Tent 3000 NGO FACILITY 3100 NGO health facility 3110 Static clinic 3120 Satellite clinic 3130 Community-based outlet 3140 UN Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA) 3150 International Rescue Committee (IRC) 3200 NGO health worker 3210 Depot holder 3220 Fieldworker 3300 Country-specific NGOs 3301 AMO Congo 3302 Egypt family planning association (EFPA) 3303 CSI project 3304 Family Guidance Association of Ethiopia (FGAE) 3305 BLM 3306 MACRO 3307 Marie Stopes 3308 Red Cross Society 3309 AFGA 3310 Family Planning Association of Nepal (FPAN) 3311 Institute for Family Health (IFH) 3900 Other NGO facility 4000 RELIGIOUS/MISSION 4100 Religious hospital/clinic 4110 Religious hospital 4111 Religious referral/specialty hospital 4112 Religious district hospital 4120 Religious clinic 4200 Religious health center/dispensary 4210 Religious health center 4211 Mosque health center 4212 Church health center 4220 Religious dispensary 4300 Religious mobile clinic 4400 Religious door-to-door 4900 Other religious 5000 OTHER 5100 Shop/market 5110 Shop 5111 General dealer 5112 Supermarket/tuck shop 5113 Service station 5120 Market 5130 Kiosk 5140 Gas station 5190 Other retail 5200 Relative/friend 5210 Partner 5300 Church/mosque/temple 5400 Bar/nightclub/hotel 5410 Bar/nightclub 5420 Hotel 5500 Other institutions 5510 Youth center 5520 Workplace 5521 Respondent's workplace 5522 Partner's workplace 5530 School 5600 Traditional practitioner 5610 Traditional birth attendant (TBA) 5620 Vaidya/hakim/homeopath 5700 Informal channels 5710 Drug vendor 9992 Not asked 9993 Non-user: Knows source 9994 Multiple responses given 9995 Other 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Known source for FP, standardized 333. Where is it? IF IT IS A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OR A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC, WRITE THE NAME OF THE ESTABLISHMENT. PROBE TO DETERMINE THE PROPER TYPE OF SECTOR AND CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE. NAME OF PLACE __________ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C MEDICAL POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) ______ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G PF/FISA CENTER H OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ Z FPKNOANYSRCS (V380) reports the source from which the woman knows contraceptives can be obtained. This variable is constructed from a series of questions, and answers were recorded using standard responses and codes that are consistent across countries and phases. Because the questions used to construct this variable changed slightly across phases, IPUMS-DHS users are encouraged to review the Comparability tab. 01 Government clinic/pharmacy 02 Government home/community delivery 03 NGO 04 Private clinic/delivery 05 Private pharmacy 06 Church, shop, friends 07 Other 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Knowledge of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Current FP use by method type (folk, traditional, modern) 314. Which method are you currently using? PILL 01 IUD 02 (GO TO 326) INJECTABLES 03 (GO TO 326) IMPLANTS 04 (GO TO 326) DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY 05 (GO TO 326) CONDOM 06 (GO TO 326) FEMALE STERILIZATION 07 (GO TO 318) MALE STERILIZATION 08 (GO TO 318) RHYTHM METHOD 09 (GO TO 323) WITHDRAWAL 10 (GO TO 326) OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ 96 (GO TO 326) FPTYPNOW (V313) indicates whether the woman is currently using a modern, traditional, or folkloric method of contraception. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. In the DHS, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. 00 No method 10 Folkloric or traditional method 11 Folkloric method 12 Traditional method 20 Modern method 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Pattern of use of contraceptive method 313. Are you currently doing something or using any method to delay or avoid getting pregnant? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 331) FPUSPATRN (V361) reports the woman's pattern of contraceptive use by indicating whether she is currently using, has used in the past, or has never used contraception. 10 Currently using 20 Ever used, but not currently using 21 Used since last birth 22 Used before last birth 30 Never used 99 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Current method of FP 314. Which method are you currently using? PILL 01 IUD 02 (GO TO 326) INJECTABLES 03 (GO TO 326) IMPLANTS 04 (GO TO 326) DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY 05 (GO TO 326) CONDOM 06 (GO TO 326) FEMALE STERILIZATION 07 (GO TO 318) MALE STERILIZATION 08 (GO TO 318) RHYTHM METHOD 09 (GO TO 323) WITHDRAWAL 10 (GO TO 326) OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ 96 (GO TO 326) FPMETHNOW (V312) reports the contraceptive method the woman is currently using. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. Answers are grouped under the broad categories of "modern methods," "traditional methods," and "other methods," each with a different first digit. Specific methods are distinguished by the second and third digits. See FPEVUSE for more information on broad categories of contraception. Closely related responses, such as various groupings of diaphragm/foam/jelly, share the first 2 digits in common, while the third digit distinguishes the exact response category. 000 Not using 100 MODERN METHODS 101 Pill 102 IUD 103 Norplant/Implants 104 Condom 105 Female Condom 106 Female Sterilization 107 Male Sterilization 110 Injections 111 Injection (3 monthly) 112 Injection (monthly) 120 Diaphragm/Foam/Jelly 121 Diaphragm 122 Diaphragm/Foam 123 Diaphragm/Jelly 124 Foam or Jelly 125 Foaming tablets 126 Vaginal methods 130 Lactational amenorrhea (LAM) 131 Prolonged breastfeeding 140 Emergency contraception 150 Other modern method 151 Contraceptive patch 200 TRADITIONAL METHODS 210 Abstinence or periodic abstinence 211 Periodic abstinence 212 Cycle Beads/Standard days method 213 Abstinence 214 Mucus method 215 Natural family planning, unspecified 220 Withdrawal 230 Other traditional/folkloric 231 Herbs/Plants 232 Gris-Gris/Amulet 233 Astrology 234 Strings 300 OTHER METHOD, UNSPECIFIED 301 Other specific method 1 302 Other specific method 2 303 Other specific method 3 304 Other specific method 4 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS FP method currently used: Breastfeeding 342. Are you currently relying on breastfeeding in order to avoid getting pregnant? YES 1 NO 2 For women who are currently doing something to delay or avoid getting pregnant, FPNOWUSBF (V399) indicates whether the woman is now using breastfeeding. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Method of periodic abstinence 314. Which method are you currently using? PILL 01 IUD 02 (GO TO 326) INJECTABLES 03 (GO TO 326) IMPLANTS 04 (GO TO 326) DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY 05 (GO TO 326) CONDOM 06 (GO TO 326) FEMALE STERILIZATION 07 (GO TO 318) MALE STERILIZATION 08 (GO TO 318) RHYTHM METHOD 09 (GO TO 323) WITHDRAWAL 10 (GO TO 326) OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ 96 (GO TO 326) FPRHYMETH (V314) reports how the woman determined which days to abstain from sexual intercourse to practice periodic abstinence (rhythm) as a means of delaying or avoiding pregnancy. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 1 Calendar 2 Body temperature 3 Cervical mucus 4 Body temp and mucus 5 No specific system 6 Other 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Months of use of current family planning method 326. For how many months have you been continuously using (METHOD)? IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH, NOTE '00'. MONTHS ____ 8 YEARS OR MORE 96 For women who are currently using a contraceptive method, FPCURNOMO (V337) reports the number of months they have been continuously using their current method. Starting in Phase II, there are differences in the way these data are reported between Model "A" and Model "B" countries, due to the inclusion of a detailed calendar of events in the five years preceding the interview in Model "A" questionnaires. For Model "B" questionnaires, any response greater than 8 years is topcoded at "96." However, for Model "A" questionnaires, the maximum duration of use that could be recorded is the entire length of the calendar (i.e., 5 years). 000 0 months 001 1 month 002 2 months 003 3 months 004 4 months 005 5 months 006 6 months 007 7 months 008 8 months 009 9 months 010 10 months 011 11 months 012 12 months 013 13 months 014 14 months 015 15 months 016 16 months 017 17 months 018 18 months 019 19 months 020 20 months 021 21 months 022 22 months 023 23 months 024 24 months 025 25 months 026 26 months 027 27 months 028 28 months 029 29 months 030 30 months 031 31 months 032 32 months 033 33 months 034 34 months 035 35 months 036 36 months 037 37 months 038 38 months 039 39 months 040 40 months 041 41 months 042 42 months 043 43 months 044 44 months 045 45 months 046 46 months 047 47 months 048 48 months 049 49 months 050 50 months 051 51 months 052 52 months 053 53 months 054 54 months 055 55 months 056 56 months 057 57 months 058 58 months 059 59 months 060 60 months 061 61 months 062 62 months 063 63 months 064 64 months 065 65 months 066 66 months 067 67 months 068 68 months 069 69 months 070 70 months 071 71 months 072 72 months 073 73 months 074 74 months 075 75 months 076 76 months 077 77 months 078 78 months 079 79 months 080 80 months 081 81 months 082 82 months 083 83 months 084 84 months 085 85 months 086 86 months 087 87 months 088 88 months 089 89 months 090 90 months 091 91 months 092 92 months 093 93 months 094 94 months 095 95 months 096 96 or more months 995 All calendar years 996 Inconsistent response 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Last source for FP for current users, detailed 328. Where did you last obtain (METHOD)? IF IT IS A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OR A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC, WRITE THE NAME OF THE ESTABLISHMENT. PROBE TO DETERMINE THE PROPER TYPE OF SECTOR AND CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE. NAME OF PLACE ___________ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL 11 HEALTH CENTER 12 DISPENSARY 13 MEDICAL POST 14 OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) ______ 16 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC 21 PHARMACY 22 DOCTOR 23 PF/FISA CENTER 24 OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ 26 OTHER SOURCE STORE 31 RELIGIOUS CENTER 32 RELATIVES 33 FRIENDS 34 OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 36 For women who are currently using a modern method of contraception, FPLASTSRCD (V326) reports the type of facility that was the source of the last contraceptive method used by the woman. Response categories vary across samples. See Comparability. 6903 Community center 3306 Institute for Family Health (IFH) 3180 International Rescue Committee (IRC) 0000 NO ONE 1000 PUBLIC SECTOR 1100 Government hospital 1110 National hospital 1111 Referral/specialty hospital 1112 National/central hospital 1113 Military hospital 1114 Day hospital 1120 Provincial/regional hospital 1130 Urban hospital 1140 District/rural hospital 1141 District hospital 1142 Rural hospital 1150 Category I hospital 1160 Category II hospital 1170 University/teaching hospital 1171 University hospital 1172 Teaching hospital 1200 Government health center 1210 Referral health center 1220 Community health center 1230 Urban health center 1240 Rural health center 1250 Basic health center 1260 Integrated health center 1270 Primary health center 1280 Family welfare center 1300 Government family planning clinic 1310 Stand-alone family planning clinic 1320 Mobile family planning clinic 1330 Family planning clinic CBD 1400 Government outreach 1410 Government health post 1411 Village health post 1412 Sub-center 1413 Sub-health post 1420 Government mobile clinic 1421 Mobile PHC clinic 1430 Government health professional 1431 Doctor 1432 Nurse 1433 Paramedic 1440 Government health worker 1434 Community-based distributor (CBD) 1435 Health surveillance assistant (HSA) 1436 Male mobilizer 1437 Accredited social health activist (ASHA) 1438 Vaidya/hakim/homeopath 1450 Government outreach clinic 1451 Primary health care outreach clinic 1452 Satellite clinic/EPI outreach 1453 Community clinic 1454 Rural/municipal clinic 1460 Camp 1470 Household visit 1500 Government maternity home 1510 Maternal and child health (MCH) center 1520 Rural maternity 1530 Anganwadi/ICDS center 1600 Government pharmacy/dispensary 1610 Government pharmacy 1611 Community pharmacy 1620 Government dispensary 1900 Other public 1901 Clinic 1902 Curative care organization 1903 Health home 1904 Health office 1905 Health insurance organization 1906 Parastatal health facility 1907 Youth center 2000 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR 2100 Private hospital/clinic 2110 Private hospital 2111 Private specialty hospital 2112 Private district hospital 2113 Private university hospital 2120 Private clinic 2121 Private polyclinic 2122 Private clinic 2200 Private pharmacy/dispensary/drug store 2210 Private pharmacy 2220 Private dispensary 2230 Private chemist/drug store 2231 Private chemist 2232 Private drug store 2240 Private mobile drug vendor 2300 Private doctor's office 2310 Qualified doctor 2320 Traditional/unqualified doctor 2330 Private practice 2331 Private care room 2332 Private infirmiry 2400 Private outreach 2410 Private mobile clinic 2420 Private health worker 2421 Private field worker 2422 Private community/village health worker 2423 Private community-based distributor 2424 Private paramedic 2425 Private hakim/homeopath 2426 Private traditional healer 2427 Private traditional birth attendant (TBA) 2428 Private nurse 2500 Private health center 2600 Private family planning clinic 2610 Injectables outlet 2700 Private maternity home 2900 Other private medical 2901 Tent 2902 VCT center 3000 NGO SECTOR 3100 NGO health facility 3110 Static clinic 3120 Satellite clinic 3130 Marie Stopes facility 3131 Banja la Mtsogolo (BLM) 3140 Red Cross facility 3150 UN Relief and Works Agency facility 3160 Adventist Development and Relief Agency (ADRA) 3170 Population Services International (PSI) 3200 NGO health worker 3210 Depot holder 3220 Field worker 3230 Community-based distributor 3300 Country-specific NGO 3301 Amo-Congo 3302 Clinical Services Improvement (CSI) 3303 Malawi AIDS Counselling and Resource Organization (MACRO) 3304 Myanmar Medical Association (MMA) 3305 United Mission to Nepal (UMN) 3900 Other NGO 4000 RELIGIOUS/MISSION 4100 Religious hospital/clinic 4110 Religious hospital 4111 Religious referral/specialty hospital 4112 Religious district hospital 4120 Religious clinic 4200 Religious health center/dispensary 4210 Religious health center 4211 Mosque health center 4212 Church health center 4220 Religious dispensary 4300 Religious outreach 4310 Religious health post 4320 Religious mobile clinic 4330 Religious health worker 4331 Religious field worker 4900 Other religious 5000 UNSPECIFIED MEDICAL SECTOR 5100 Pharmacy/dispensary 5110 Pharmacy 5120 Dispensary 5200 Outreach 5210 Mobile clinic 5220 Health worker 5221 Field worker 5222 Traditional healer 5223 Health educator 5224 Peer educators 5230 Outreach clinic 5900 Other unspecified medical sector 5901 Media campaign 6000 OTHER 6100 Shop/market 6110 Shop 6111 General dealer 6112 Supermarket/tuck shop 6113 Supermarket 6114 Tuck shop 6120 Market 6130 Kiosk 6140 Gas station 6150 Other retail 6200 Church/mosque 6300 Friend/relative 6310 Friend 6320 Relative 6321 Partner 6400 Bar/nightclub/hotel 6410 Bar/nightclub 6411 Bar 6420 Hotel 6500 Workplace 6510 Respondent's workplace 6520 Partner's workplace 6600 Informal channels 6610 Drug vendor 6620 Support group 6630 Women's sittings 6700 Location for adolescents 6710 Youth center 6720 School 6900 Other facility 6901 Refugee camp 6902 Charity/foundation 9994 Abroad 9995 Other 9996 Inconsistent 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Last source for FP for current users, standardized 328. Where did you last obtain (METHOD)? IF IT IS A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OR A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC, WRITE THE NAME OF THE ESTABLISHMENT. PROBE TO DETERMINE THE PROPER TYPE OF SECTOR AND CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE. NAME OF PLACE ___________ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL 11 HEALTH CENTER 12 DISPENSARY 13 MEDICAL POST 14 OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) ______ 16 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC 21 PHARMACY 22 DOCTOR 23 PF/FISA CENTER 24 OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ 26 OTHER SOURCE STORE 31 RELIGIOUS CENTER 32 RELATIVES 33 FRIENDS 34 OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 36 For women using a modern method of contraception, FPLASTSRCS (V327) reports the type of facility that was the source of the last contraceptive method used by the woman. This variable was constructed by recoding country-specific responses into a few standard categories that are consistent across samples. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Missing 97 Don't know 07 Other 06 Church, Shop, friends, books 05 Private Pharmacy 04 Private Clin/Deliv 03 NGO 02 Govt Home/Comm delivery 01 Govt Clinic/Pharm Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Cost of Pills 317. How much does one box (cycle) of pills cost you? RECORD IN 1000 MADAGASCAR FRANCS. COST ______ (GO TO 326) FREE 996 (GO TO 326) DOESN'T KNOW 998 (GO TO 326) For women who are currently using the Pill, FPPILLCOST (V325) reports the cost of a cycle of pills. 000000 Free 999997 Don't know 999998 Missing 999999 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Main reason use current source for FP 330. People choose where they go for family planning services for different reasons. What is the main reason why you went to (NAME OF PLACE IN 328 OR 318) rather than the other place you know of? RECORD THE RESPONSE AND CIRCLE THE CODE. ACCESSIBILITY CLOSE TO HOME 11 (GO TO 333A) CLOSE TO MARKET/WORK 12 (GO TO 333A) TRANSPORTATION AVAILABLE 13 (GO TO 333A) SERVICE-RELATED REASONS STAFF MORE COMPETENT/LIKEABLE 21 (GO TO 333A) CLEANER 22 (GO TO 333A) MORE PRIVACY 23 (GO TO 333A) SHORTER WAIT 24 (GO TO 333A) OPEN LONGER HOURS 25 (GO TO 333A) USES OTHER SERVICES IN THE SAME ESTABLISHMENT 26 (GO TO 333A) COSTS LESS 31 (GO TO 333A) WANTS ANONYMITY 41 (GO TO 333A) OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ 96 (GO TO 333A) DOESN'T KNOW 98 (GO TO 333A) FPUSSRCWHY (V328) reports the main reason why the woman chose to go to the place where she procured family planning, rather than to some other facility. Responses are grouped into the broad categories of "knows no other source," "access-related," "service-related," and "cost-related," each with a distinctive first digit. The second digit provides further detail on the exact rationale for the choice (e.g., "cleaner facility" as a subcategory under "service-related"). When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 99 NIU (not in universe) 98 Missing 97 Don't know 50 Wanted anonymity 40 COST RELATED 31 Desired method always available 30 OTHER SERVICE-RELATED REASON 28 Has female doctor 27 Staff more polite 26 Use other services 25 Long hours of operation 24 Shorter waiting time 23 Offers more privacy 22 Cleaner facility 21 Staff competent, friendly 20 SERVICE-RELATED 14 Other access-related 13 Transport 12 Closer to market or work 11 Closer to home 10 ACCESS-RELATED 00 Knows no other source 41 Lower cost, cheaper 60 Other 15 Worker supplied home 16 Method not available Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Brand of Pills currently used 315. May I see the package of pills you are currently using? NOTE THE NAME OF THE BRAND IF THE PACKAGE IS SHOWN. PACKAGE SEEN 1 BRAND ________ (GO TO 317) PACKAGE NOT SEEN 2 For women who are currently using the Pill, FPPILLBRAND (V323) reports the brand name of the Pill that the respondent currently uses. 4203 Emkit 3112 Triella 2215 TriNovum 2114 Stediril 1241 Rigevidon 1240 Brevinor 1239 Lusiaf 1129 Yasmin 1128 Triquilar 1127 Trinordial 2113 " 1242 NewFem 1000 LOW-DOSE PILLS 1100 International brands 1101 Adepal 1102 Choice 1103 Cilest 1104 Combination-3 1105 Confidence 1106 Diane 1107 Duofem 1108 Eugynon 1109 Famila 28 1110 Femicon 1111 Gracial 1112 Lo-femenal 1113 Logynon 1114 Marvelon 1115 Microgynon 1116 Minidril 1117 Miniphase 1118 Nordette 1119 Norminest 1120 Norquest 1121 Novodol 1122 Oralcon F 1123 Ortho-Novum 1124 Pilplan 1125 Planif 1126 Planyl 1200 Country-specific brands 1201 Nogestol 1202 Desolon 1203 Femipill 1204 Maya 1205 Noret-28 1206 Ovacon 1207 Shuki 1208 Harmonie (PSI) 1209 Varnoline 1210 Microcept 1211 Microvlar 1212 Triocept 1213 Trivolar 1214 Style/Trigestrel 1215 Secure 1216 Microlite 1217 Apsara 1218 Ecroz 1219 Mala-D 1220 Mala-N 1221 Novelon 1222 Ovral L 1223 Pearl 1224 Anteovin 1225 Belara 1226 Gracial 1227 Loestrin 1228 Mawelon 1229 Norimin 1230 Femiplan 1231 Conova 30 1232 Trigynon 1233 OK pills 1234 Sure 1235 Feminyl 1236 Nilocon White 1237 Sunaulo Gulaf 1900 Unspecified low-dose pills 2000 HIGH-DOSE PILLS 2100 International brands 2101 Anovlar 2102 Gynovlar 2103 Lyndiol 2104 Microgynon 30 ED 2105 Milli Anovlar 2106 Neogynon 2107 Neogynon ED 2108 Nordiol 2109 Norquentiel 2110 Ovidon 2111 Ovral 2112 Ovulen 50 2200 Country-specific brands 2201 Combination-5 2202 Lynes 2203 Ovostat 2204 Regumen 2205 Novell-duo 2206 Gynera 2207 Primovlar 2208 Duoluton-L 2209 Ovral G 2210 Progyluton 2211 Gynovlane 2212 Ovanon 2213 Ovidon 2214 Triphasit 2900 Unspecified high-dose pill 3000 PROGESTIN-ONLY PILLS 3100 International brands 3101 Exluton/Lynestrenol 3102 Femulen 3103 Microlut 3104 Micronor 3105 Micronovum 3106 Microval 3107 " 3108 Minovlar 3109 Noriday 3110 Ovrette 3111 Safe Plan 3200 Country-specific brands 3201 Bredicon 3202 Minicon 3203 Levonor 3204 Hyan 3205 I-plan 3206 Primolut N 3207 Cerazette 3208 Planor 3209 Softsure 4000 EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTION 4100 International brands 4200 Country-specific brands 4201 Gravistal 4202 Postinor 4900 Unspecified emergency contraception 5000 NON-HORMONAL PILLS 5100 International brands 5200 Country-specific brands 5201 Centron 5202 Saheli 6000 UNSPECIFIED/UNKNOWN PILLS 6100 International brands 6101 Today (sponge) 6200 Country-specific brands 6201 Khoshi 6202 Aco 6203 Cotrablan 6204 Microvior 30 6205 Stero 6206 Blue 6207 Hot 6208 Kamal (foam) 6209 N/M tablets 6210 Nofian 6211 Period oil 6212 Sacharin 6213 Skill 6214 Moti 6215 Subitha 6216 Fingers 6217 Sutura 6218 Menstrogen (injection) 6219 Norvolain 6220 Flexi P 6221 Marutton 6900 Other unspecified/unknown pills 6901 Unspecified private brand 6902 Unspecified public brand 6903 Unspecified social marketing brand 9995 Other 9996 Not able to show 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Shown pill package 315. May I see the package of pills you are currently using? NOTE THE NAME OF THE BRAND IF THE PACKAGE IS SHOWN. PACKAGE SEEN 1 BRAND ________ (GO TO 317) PACKAGE NOT SEEN 2 For women who are currently using the Pill as a method of family planning, FPPILLPACK (V372) indicates whether the package of pills currently being used was seen by the interviewer. 0 Package not seen 1 Package seen 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Recent use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Number living children at first use of FP (grouped) Now I would like to ask you about the first time that you did something or used a method to avoid getting pregnant. 309. How many living children did you have at that time? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. NUMBER OF CHILDREN ____ FP1STUSGPKID (V311) reports the number of living children, if any, the woman had when she first used a contraceptive method, with the number top-coded at 4+ children. FP1STUSLVKID reports responses to the same question, without top-coding the answers. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4+ 7 Inconsistent number reported 8 Missing 9 Never used FP First use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Number living children at first use of FP Now I would like to ask you about the first time that you did something or used a method to avoid getting pregnant. 309. How many living children did you have at that time? IF NONE, RECORD '00'. NUMBER OF CHILDREN ____ FP1STUSLVKID (V310) reports the number of living children the woman had the first time she used a contraceptive method. The same information is also reported in FP1STUSGPKID, except responses are top-coded at 4+ children in that variable and women who have never used contraception are coded as "9." 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 96 Inconsistent 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) First use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Was first method used to space or limit births 310. The first time you used family planning, was it because you wanted another child, but not until later, or was it because you didn't want any more children at all? WANTED CHILD LATER 1 DIDN'T WANT CHILD AT ALL 2 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ 6 In countries with low contraceptive prevalence, FP1METHSPACE (V369B) reports whether the woman's first use of a contraceptive method was to space or to limit future births. Most commonly, the question was, "When you first used family planning, did you want to have another child but at a later time [space births], or did you not want to have another child at all [limit births]?" The standard response categories are "wanted child later," did not want another," and "other." 1 Wanted child later (space) 2 Did not want another child (limit) 7 Other 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) First use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS FP current use or future intention FPUSINTENT (V364) is a constructed variable drawing on responses to multiple survey questions that divides women into the following categories: those who are currently using a contraceptive method (either modern or traditional); those who are not now using contraception but intend to do so in the future; those who are neither using contraception now nor intend to do so in the future; and (in a minority of samples) those who never had sex. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. IPUMS-DHS users are encouraged to review FPMETHNOW and FPUSPLAN for additional information on the variables used to construct FPUSINTENT. 1 Using modern method 2 Using traditional method 3 Non-user intending to use 4 Does not intend to use 9 NIU (not in universe) 5 Never had sex Future use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Intention to use FP in future 608. Do you think you will use a contraceptive method to delay or avoid pregnancy at any time in the future? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 610) DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 610) FPUSPLAN (V362) is a constructed variable based on multiple survey questions that reports, for women not currently using contraception, whether the woman intends to use contraception in the future and, if so, when she intends to begin use (in the next 12 months or later). Women uncertain about future contraceptive use are subdivided into those who are unsure about using a method and those unsure about the timing of planned future use. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 10 Will use in future 11 Use in next 12 months 12 Use later 20 Unsure about future use 21 Unsure about timing 22 Unsure about use 30 Does not intend to use 40 Never had sex 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Future use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Would use FP in future if married 611. Would you ever use a contraceptive method if you were married? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 For women who said they would not use a family planning method in the future because they are not married, FPUSIFMARY (V376A) indicates whether they would use family planning in the future if they were married. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Future use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Preferred future FP method 609. Which contraceptive method would you prefer to use? PILL 01 (GO TO 612) IUD 02 (GO TO 612) INJECTABLES 03 (GO TO 612) IMPLANTS 04 (GO TO 612) DIAPHRAGM/FOAM/JELLY 05 (GO TO 612) CONDOM 06 (GO TO 612) FEMALE STERILIZATION 07 (GO TO 612) MALE STERILIZATION 08 (GO TO 612) RHYTHM METHOD 09 (GO TO 612) WITHDRAWAL 10 (GO TO 612) OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ 96 (GO TO 612) DOESN'T KNOW 98 For women not currently using a contraceptive method but intending to do so in the future, FPMETHFUTR (V363) reports the family planning method the woman would prefer to use. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. Answers are grouped under the broad categories of "modern methods," "traditional methods," and "other methods," each with a different first digit. Specific methods are distinguished by the second and third digits. Closely related responses, such as various groupings of diaphragm/foam/jelly, share the first 2 digits in common, while the third digit distinguishes the exact response category. 999 NIU (not in universe) 998 Missing 997 Inconsistent 304 Specific method 4 303 Specific method 3 302 Specific method 2 301 Specific method 1 300 Other method, unspecified 234 Traditional medications 233 Astrology 232 Gris-gris/amulet 231 Herbs 230 Other traditional/folkloric 220 Withdrawal 212 Abstinence 211 Periodic abstinence 210 Abstinence or periodic abstinence 200 TRADITIONAL METHODS 160 Whatever doctor prescribes 150 Other modern methods 140 Emergency contraception 131 Prolonged breastfeeding 130 Lactational amenorrhea (LAM) 126 Vaginal methods 125 Foaming tablets 124 Foam or jelly 123 Diaphragm/Jelly 122 Diaphragm/Foam 121 Diaphragm 120 Diaphragm/Foam/Jelly 108 Male sterilization 107 Female sterilization 106 Female condom 105 Condom 104 Norplant/implants 103 Injections 102 IUD 101 Pill 100 MODERN METHODS 213 CycleBeads/Standard days method 214 Mucus method (periodic abstinence) 235 Knotted cord/strings 236 Charm from traditional spiritual leader 996 Don't know Future use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use any type of FP (folk, traditional, modern) 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who has an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD (SPECIFY) ____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSE (V302) is a constructed variable that reports whether the woman had ever used a family planning method and, if so, whether she had used a modern contraceptive method or only a traditional or folkloric method. In the DHS, modern methods are pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. 00 Never used 10 Used only traditional or folkloric method 11 Used only traditional method 12 Used only folkloric method 20 Used modern method Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use Pill for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who has an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD (SPECIFY) ____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSPILL (V305_01) indicates whether the woman has ever used the pill to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use IUD for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who has an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD (SPECIFY) ____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSIUD (V305_02) indicates whether the woman had ever used an IUD to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use injectable for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who has an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD (SPECIFY) ____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSINJ (V305_03) indicates whether the woman has ever used injectable contraception to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use diaphragm for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who has an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD (SPECIFY) ____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSDIA (V305_04) indicates whether the woman had ever used the diaphragm (sometimes explicitly in conjunction with foam or jelly) to delay or avoid a pregnancy. See Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use condom for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who has an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD (SPECIFY) ____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSCON (V305_05) indicates whether the woman had ever used the male condom to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use female sterilization for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who has an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD (SPECIFY) ____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSFST (V305_06) indicates whether the woman had ever used female sterilization to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use withdrawal for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who has an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD (SPECIFY) ____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSWD (V305_09) indicates whether the woman has ever used withdrawal to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use rhythm for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who has an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD (SPECIFY) ____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSRHY (V305_08) indicates whether the woman had ever used rhythm (periodic abstinence) to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use male sterilization for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who has an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD (SPECIFY) ____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSMST (V305_07) indicates whether the woman had ever used male sterilization to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use implants/Norplant for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who has an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD (SPECIFY) ____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSIMP (V305_11) indicates whether the woman had ever used implants (such as Norplant) to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use breastfeeding to avoid pregnancy 340. Have you previously relied on breastfeeding as a way to avoid becoming pregnant? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 401) FPEVUSBF (V398) indicates whether the woman has ever used breastfeeding to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use medicinal plants or herbs for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who has an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD (SPECIFY) ____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSPLT indicates whether the woman had ever used medicinal plants or herbs to delay or avoid a pregnancy. The complementary variable FPKNOPLT indicates whether the woman knew about using medicinal plants or herbs as a method for family planning. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Ever use other methods for FP 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who has an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD (SPECIFY) ____ YES 1 NO 2 FPEVUSOM (V305_10) indicates whether the woman has ever used other methods to delay or avoid a pregnancy. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Ever use of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Reason regrets sterilization 320. Why do you (does he) regret the operation? RESPONDENT WANTS ANOTHER CHILD 01 HUSBAND/PARTNER WANTS ANOTHER CHILD 02 SIDE EFFECTS 03 CHILD DIED 04 OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 96 For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERREG (V618) reports the reason (if any) they regret getting sterilized. 00 No regret 01 Respondent wants a(nother) child 02 Partner wants a(nother) child 03 Side effects 04 Child died 05 Marital status changed 06 Operation failed 95 Other reason 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Age at sterilization (grouped) 321. In what month and year was the sterilization performed? MONTH _____ (GO TO 333A) YEAR _______ (GO TO 333A) DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 9998 (GO TO 333A) For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERILAGE (V320) reports their age at the time of their sterilization operation. 7 50 - 54 years old 1 Less than 25 years old 2 25 - 29 years old 3 30 - 34 years old 4 35 - 39 years old 5 40 - 44 years old 6 45 - 49 years old 9 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Parity at sterilization 321. In what month and year was the sterilization performed? MONTH _____ (GO TO 333A) YEAR _______ (GO TO 333A) DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 9998 (GO TO 333A) For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERILPAR (V322) reports the parity of the women at the time of their sterilization, top-coded at 5+ children. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 or more 9 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Marital duration at time of sterilization 321. In what month and year was the sterilization performed? MONTH _____ (GO TO 333A) YEAR _______ (GO TO 333A) DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 9998 (GO TO 333A) For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERMARDUR (V321) reports, in 5-year groups, the women's marital duration at the time of their sterilization. 0 Single, before marriage 1 0 - 4 years 2 5 - 9 years 3 10 - 14 years 4 15 - 19 years 5 20 - 24 years 6 25 - 29 years 9 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Years since sterilization 321. In what month and year was the sterilization performed? MONTH _____ (GO TO 333A) YEAR _______ (GO TO 333A) DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 9998 (GO TO 333A) For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERYRAGO (V319) reports the number of years since their sterilization operation, using 2-year groups, top-coded at 10+ years. 1 Less than 2 years 2 2 - 3 years 3 4 - 5 years 4 6 - 7 years 5 8 - 9 years 6 10 or more years 9 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Date when sterilized (CMC) 321. In what month and year was the sterilization performed? MONTH _____ (GO TO 333A) YEAR _______ (GO TO 333A) DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 9998 (GO TO 333A) For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERILDTCMC reports the century month code (CMC) for the date of their sterilization. 9999 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Month of sterilization 321. In what month and year was the sterilization performed? MONTH _____ (GO TO 333A) YEAR _______ (GO TO 333A) DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 9998 (GO TO 333A) For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERILMO reports the calendar month of their sterilization. The calendar year of their sterilization is reported in FPSTERILYR. 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 99 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Year when sterilized 321. In what month and year was the sterilization performed? MONTH _____ (GO TO 333A) YEAR _______ (GO TO 333A) DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 9998 (GO TO 333A) For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERILYR reports the calendar year of their sterilization. The calendar month of their sterilization is reported in FPSTERILMO. 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 9999 NIU (not in universe) 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information - date of sterilization 321. In what month and year was the sterilization performed? MONTH _____ (GO TO 333A) YEAR _______ (GO TO 333A) DOESN'T KNOW YEAR 9998 (GO TO 333A) For women who have been sterilized or whose partners have been sterilized, FPSTERCOMP reports the completeness of information about the date of their sterilization. 1 Month and year given 5 Month imputed, year given 6 Month given, year imputed (date placed) 7 No information given (date placed) 8 From calendar 9 NIU (not in universe) Sterilization Variables -- TOPICS Visited by family planning worker in past 12 months 334. In the last 12 months, were you visited by a family planning agent? YES 1 NO 2 FPHOMVISITY (V393) indicates whether the woman was visited by a health worker who talked to her about family planning in the 12 months preceding the interview. 8 Missing 1 Yes 0 No 9 NIU (not in universe) 7 Don't know Information on family planning Variables -- TOPICS Visited health facility for any reason in past 12 months 335. In the last 12 months, have you visited a health facility for any reason? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 337) FPHCVISITY (V394) indicates whether the woman visited a health facility for any reason in the past 12 months. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 8 Missing 1 Yes 0 No 9 NIU (not in universe) Information on family planning Variables -- TOPICS At health facility told of family planning 336. Did any staff member at the health facility speak to you about family planning methods? YES 1 NO 2 For women who had visited a health facility in the past year, FPHCTALKFP (V395) indicates whether any staff there talked to them about family planning. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Information on family planning Variables -- TOPICS Heard FP message on radio 616. Over the last few months, have you heard or read messages about family planning: On the radio? YES 1 NO 2 On the television? YES 1 NO 2 In a newspaper or magazine? YES 1 NO 2 On a poster? YES 1 NO 2 In brochures? YES 1 NO 2 FPRADIOHR (V384A) indicates whether the woman heard family planning message(s) on the radio in the last few months. Some samples specify other periods of time. See Comparability. 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, only once 12 Yes, more than once 98 Missing 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) Information on family planning Variables -- TOPICS Acceptability of FP message on radio 615. In your opinion, is it appropriate or inappropriate to speak of family planning: On the radio? APPROPRIATE 1 INAPPROPRIATE 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 On television? APPROPRIATE 1 INAPPROPRIATE 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 FPRADIOOK (V366A) indicates whether the woman considered family planning messages on the radio to be acceptable or unacceptable. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 0 Not acceptable 1 Acceptable 7 Don't know 8 Missing Information on family planning Variables -- TOPICS Heard FP message on TV recently 616. Over the last few months, have you heard or read messages about family planning: On the radio? YES 1 NO 2 On the television? YES 1 NO 2 In a newspaper or magazine? YES 1 NO 2 On a poster? YES 1 NO 2 In brochures? YES 1 NO 2 FPTVHR (V384B) indicates whether the woman heard family planning message(s) on television in the last few months. Some samples specify other periods of time. See Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Information on family planning Variables -- TOPICS Acceptability of FP message on TV 615. In your opinion, is it appropriate or inappropriate to speak of family planning: On the radio? APPROPRIATE 1 INAPPROPRIATE 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 On television? APPROPRIATE 1 INAPPROPRIATE 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 FPTVOK (V366B) indicates whether the woman considered family planning messages on television to be acceptable or unacceptable. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. 0 Not acceptable 1 Acceptable 7 Don't know 8 Missing Information on family planning Variables -- TOPICS Saw FP message in brochure or pamphlet 616. Over the last few months, have you heard or read messages about family planning: On the radio? YES 1 NO 2 On the television? YES 1 NO 2 In a newspaper or magazine? YES 1 NO 2 On a poster? YES 1 NO 2 In brochures? YES 1 NO 2 FPBROCHHR (V384E) indicates whether the woman has recently seen family planning messages in a leaflet, pamphlet, or brochure. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Information on family planning Variables -- TOPICS Heard FP message in newspaper/magazine 616. Over the last few months, have you heard or read messages about family planning: On the radio? YES 1 NO 2 On the television? YES 1 NO 2 In a newspaper or magazine? YES 1 NO 2 On a poster? YES 1 NO 2 In brochures? YES 1 NO 2 FPNEWSHR (V384C) indicates whether the woman has recently seen family planning messages in a newspaper or magazine. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Information on family planning Variables -- TOPICS Seen FP message on poster or pamphlet 616. Over the last few months, have you heard or read messages about family planning: On the radio? YES 1 NO 2 On the television? YES 1 NO 2 In a newspaper or magazine? YES 1 NO 2 On a poster? YES 1 NO 2 In brochures? YES 1 NO 2 FPPOSTHR indicates whether the woman has recently seen family planning messages on a poster. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Information on family planning Variables -- TOPICS Why not using FP to avoid pregnancy 331. What is the main reason that you are not currently using a contraceptive method? NOT MARRIED 11 FERTILITY-RELATED REASONS NOT HAVING SEX 21 INFREQUENT SEX 22 MENOPAUSAL/HYSTERECTOMY 23 SUBFECOND/INFECUND 24 POSTPARTUM/BREASTFEEDING 25 WANTS (OTHER) CHILDREN 26 PREGNANT 27 OPPOSITION TO USE RESPONDENT OPPOSED 31 HUSBAND/PARTNER OPPOSED 32 OTHERS OPPOSED 33 RELIGIOUS PROHIBITION 34 LACK OF KNOWLEDGE KNOWS NO METHOD 41 KNOWS NO SOURCE 42 METHOD-RELATED REASONS HEALTH CONCERNS 51 FEAR OF SIDE EFFECTS 52 LACK OF ACCESS/TOO FAR 53 COSTS TOO MUCH 54 INCONVENIENT TO USE 55 INTERFERES WITH BODY'S NORMAL PROCESSES 56 OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 96 DOESN'T KNOW 98 For women who are not now using a contraceptive method and are not pregnant, FPYNOTUS (V375A) reports why the woman is not using family planning to avoid pregnancy. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. Responses are grouped into broad categories of "not married,' "other low fertility risk," "wants children," "opposition to use," "lack of knowledge," "method-related," and "other," each beginning with a different first digit; subcategories under these broad headings are distinguished by the second digit. 10 NOT MARRIED 11 Not married 12 Not intending to marry 13 Separated from partner 14 Widowed 20 OTHER LOW FERTILITY RISK 21 Not having sex 22 Infrequent sex 23 Menopausal or hysterectomy 24 Subfecund, infecund 25 Postpartum, breastfeeding 26 Pregnant 27 Too young (not having periods) 30 WANTS CHILDREN 31 Wants more children 32 Fatalistic 40 OPPOSITION TO USE 41 Respondent opposed 42 Husband opposed 43 Others opposed 44 Religious prohib 45 Cultural taboo 50 LACK OF KNOWLEDGE 51 Knows no method 52 Knows no source 53 Rumors 60 METHOD-RELATED 61 Health concerns 62 Fear side effects 63 Lack of access 64 Cost too much 65 Inconvenient to use 66 Interfere with body 70 OTHER 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Why not use family planning Variables -- TOPICS Why not intend to use FP in future 610. What is the main reason that you think you will never use a contraceptive method? NOT MARRIED 11 FERTILITY-RELATED REASONS NOT HAVING SEXUAL RELATIONS 21 (GO TO 612) INFREQUENT SEX/NO SEX 22 (GO TO 612) MENOPAUSAL/HYSTERECTOMY 23 (GO TO 612) SUBFECOND/INFECUND 24 (GO TO 612) POSTPARTUM CARE/BREASTFEEDING 25 (GO TO 612) WANT (OTHER) CHILDREN 26 (GO TO 612) OPPOSITION TO USE RESPONDENT OPPOSED 31 (GO TO 612) HUSBAND/PARTNER OPPOSED 32 (GO TO 612) OTHERS OPPOSED 33 (GO TO 612) RELIGIOUS PROHIBITION 34 (GO TO 612) LACK OF KNOWLEDGE KNOWS NO METHOD 41 (GO TO 612) KNOWS NO SOURCE 42 (GO TO 612) METHOD-RELATED REASONS HEALTH CONCERNS 51 (GO TO 612) FEAR OF SIDE EFFECTS 52 (GO TO 612) LACK OF ACCESS/TOO FAR 53 (GO TO 612) COSTS TOO MUCH 54 (GO TO 612) INCONVENIENT TO USE 55 (GO TO 612) INTERFERES WITH BODY'S NORMAL PROCESSES 56 (GO TO 612) OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 96 (GO TO 612) DOESN'T KNOW 98 (GO TO 612) For women not now using a contraceptive method and not intending to do so in the future, FPYNOTFUS (V376) reports the reason the woman doesn't intend to use family planning in the future. When children are chosen as the unit of analysis, the woman respondent indicates the mother of the child. Responses are grouped into the following broad categories, each with a different first digit: not married, other low fertility risk, wants children, opposition to use, lack of knowledge, method-related, and other. Specific responses within these categories are distinguished by the second digit of the codes. 10 NOT MARRIED 11 Not married 12 Not intending to marry 13 Inconsistent says not married 20 OTHER LOW FERTILITY RISK 21 Not having sex 22 Infrequent sex 23 Menopausal or hysterectomy 24 Subfecund, infecund 25 Postpartum, breastfeeding 26 Husband ill or subfecund 30 WANTS CHILDREN 31 Wants more children 32 Wants son 33 Wants daughter 34 Fatalistic 35 Wants as many children as possible 40 OPPOSITION TO USE 41 Respondent opposed 42 Husband opposed/makes decision on FP 43 Others opposed 44 Religious prohibition 45 Cultural taboos 46 Rumors 50 LACK OF KNOWLEDGE 51 Knows no method 52 Knows no source 60 METHOD-RELATED 61 Health concerns 62 Fear side effects 63 Lack of access 64 Cost too much 65 Inconvenient to use 66 Interfere with body 67 Sterilization concerns 70 OTHER 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Why not use family planning Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Pill SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPTYPPILL (V304A_01) reports whether the Pill is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPPILL (V304A_01) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 9 NIU (not in universe) 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: IUD SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPTYPIUD (V304A_02) reports whether the intrauterine device (IUD) is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPIUD (V304A_02) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 9 NIU (not in universe) 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Injectables SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPTYPINJ (V304A_03) reports whether injectable contraception is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPINJ (V304A_03) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 9 NIU (not in universe) 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Diaphragm SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPTYPDIA (V304A_04) reports whether diaphragm or spermicides, such as foam or jelly, is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. Some phases combine diaphragm and spermicides in the response and some are separate; see Comparability. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. In some cases, however, there are exceptions to this organization; see Comparability. Additionally, while FPTYPDIA (V304A_04) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variableÂ FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Condom SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPTYPCON (V304A_05) reports whether the male condom is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPCON (V304A_05) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 9 NIU (not in universe) 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Female sterilization SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPTYPFST (V304A_06) reports whether female sterilization is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPFST (V304A_06) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 9 NIU (not in universe) 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Male sterilization SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPTYPMST (V304A_07) reports whether male sterilization is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPMST (V304A_07) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 9 NIU (not in universe) 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Rhythm method SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPTYPRHY (V304A_08) reports whether the rhythm method (periodic abstinence) is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the standard DHS recode manuals, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. In some cases, however, there are exceptions to this organization; see Comparability. Additionally, while FPTYPRHY (V304A_08) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Withdrawal SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPTYPWD (V304A_09) reports whether withdrawal is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the standard DHS recode manuals, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. In some cases, however, there are exceptions to this organization; see Comparability. Additionally, while FPTYPWD (V304A_09) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Implants or norplants SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPTYPIMP (V304A_11) reports whether the contraceptive implant (such as Norplant) is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPIMP (V304A_11) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Type of method: Other method SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 FPTYPOM (V304A_10) reports whether any "other" method reported by the woman is considered to be a modern method, a traditional method, or a folkloric method of family planning in a given sample. The meaning of "other" depends on the specific response categories included in a given sample. In the DHS in general, modern methods are the Pill, IUD, injections, diaphragm, condom, female sterilization, male sterilization, implants, female condom, foam/jelly, lactational amenorrhea, and emergency contraception. Traditional methods are periodic abstinence (rhythm), withdrawal, and abstinence. Folkloric methods are the category "other" and country-specific methods (such as herbs or amulet), which vary across samples. Additionally, while FPTYPOM (V304A_10) and the other "FPTYP" variables report whether a specific method is considered to be modern, traditional, or folkloric method in a given sample, IPUMS-DHS users may be interested in the complementary variable FPTYPNOW (V313), which indicates whether the woman's current contraceptive method is modern, traditional, or folkloric. 1 Modern method 2 Traditional method 3 Folkloric method 9 NIU (not in universe) Type of family planning method Variables -- TOPICS Discussed FP recently: Partner 619. With whom did you discuss it? Anyone else? RECORD ALL PERSONS MENTIONED. HUSBAND/PARTNER A MOTHER B FATHER C SISTER(S) D BROTHER(S) E DAUGHTER F MOTHER-IN-LAW G FRIEND(S)/NEIGHBOR(S) H OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X FPTALKHUS (V630A) indicates whether the woman has recently discussed the practice of family planning with her husband/partner. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (Not in universe) Discussion of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Number of times discussed FP with partner in past year 622. How many times over the last 12 months have you discussed family planning with your husband/partner? NEVER 1 ONE OR TWO TIMES 2 MORE OFTEN 3 FPTALKHUSNO (V611) reports the number of the times the woman has recently discussed family planning with her husband/partner. 0 Never 1 Once or twice 2 More often 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 7 Don't know Discussion of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Discussed FP recently: Mother 619. With whom did you discuss it? Anyone else? RECORD ALL PERSONS MENTIONED. HUSBAND/PARTNER A MOTHER B FATHER C SISTER(S) D BROTHER(S) E DAUGHTER F MOTHER-IN-LAW G FRIEND(S)/NEIGHBOR(S) H OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X FPTALKMOM (V630B) indicates whether the woman has recently discussed the practice of family planning with her mother. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Discussion of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Discussed FP recently: Father 619. With whom did you discuss it? Anyone else? RECORD ALL PERSONS MENTIONED. HUSBAND/PARTNER A MOTHER B FATHER C SISTER(S) D BROTHER(S) E DAUGHTER F MOTHER-IN-LAW G FRIEND(S)/NEIGHBOR(S) H OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X FPTALKDAD (V630C) indicates whether the woman has recently discussed the practice of family planning with her father. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Discussion of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Discussed FP recently: Sister(s) 619. With whom did you discuss it? Anyone else? RECORD ALL PERSONS MENTIONED. HUSBAND/PARTNER A MOTHER B FATHER C SISTER(S) D BROTHER(S) E DAUGHTER F MOTHER-IN-LAW G FRIEND(S)/NEIGHBOR(S) H OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X FPTALKSIS (V630D) indicates whether the woman has recently discussed the practice of family planning with her sister(s). 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (Not in universe) Discussion of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Discussed FP recently: Brother 619. With whom did you discuss it? Anyone else? RECORD ALL PERSONS MENTIONED. HUSBAND/PARTNER A MOTHER B FATHER C SISTER(S) D BROTHER(S) E DAUGHTER F MOTHER-IN-LAW G FRIEND(S)/NEIGHBOR(S) H OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X FPTALKBRO (V630E) indicates whether the woman has recently discussed the practice of family planning with her brother(s). 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Discussion of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Discussed FP recently: Daughter(s) 619. With whom did you discuss it? Anyone else? RECORD ALL PERSONS MENTIONED. HUSBAND/PARTNER A MOTHER B FATHER C SISTER(S) D BROTHER(S) E DAUGHTER F MOTHER-IN-LAW G FRIEND(S)/NEIGHBOR(S) H OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X FPTALKDAU (V630F) indicates whether the woman has recently discussed the practice of family planning with her daughter(s). 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Discussion of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Discussed FP recently: Friends or neighbors 619. With whom did you discuss it? Anyone else? RECORD ALL PERSONS MENTIONED. HUSBAND/PARTNER A MOTHER B FATHER C SISTER(S) D BROTHER(S) E DAUGHTER F MOTHER-IN-LAW G FRIEND(S)/NEIGHBOR(S) H OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X FPTALKFRND (V630H) indicates whether the woman has recently discussed the practice of family planning with friends or neighbors. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Discussion of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Discussed FP recently: Mother-in-law 619. With whom did you discuss it? Anyone else? RECORD ALL PERSONS MENTIONED. HUSBAND/PARTNER A MOTHER B FATHER C SISTER(S) D BROTHER(S) E DAUGHTER F MOTHER-IN-LAW G FRIEND(S)/NEIGHBOR(S) H OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X FPTALKMOML (V630G) indicates whether the woman has recently discussed the practice of family planning with her mother-in-law. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Discussion of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Discussed FP recently: Other(s) 619. With whom did you discuss it? Anyone else? RECORD ALL PERSONS MENTIONED. HUSBAND/PARTNER A MOTHER B FATHER C SISTER(S) D BROTHER(S) E DAUGHTER F MOTHER-IN-LAW G FRIEND(S)/NEIGHBOR(S) H OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X FPTALKOTH (V630X) indicates whether the woman has recently discussed the practice of family planning with some "other" person. The meaning of "other" depends on the specific types of people mentioned in a given sample. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Discussion of family planning Variables -- TOPICS Heard of AIDS 801M. Have you ever heard of an illness called AIDS? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 811C) AIDSHEARD (V751) indicates whether the woman has heard of AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Thinks AIDS is a fatal disease 808. Do you think that a person with AIDS almost never dies from it, sometimes dies from it, or almost always dies from it? ALMOST NEVER 1 SOMETIMES 2 ALMOST ALWAYS 3 DOESN'T KNOW 8 AIDFATAL (V757) indicates whether the woman thinks HIV/AIDS is a fatal disease. 0 Almost never 1 Sometimes 2 Almost always 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Believes HIV/AIDS can be cured 808A. Do you think AIDS can be cured? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 For women who have heard of HIV/AIDS, AIDCURABLE (V865) indicates whether the respondent believes HIV/AIDS can be cured. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Thinks a healthy-looking person can have AIDS 807. Is it possible for a healthy-looking person to have AIDS? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 AIDHEALTHY (V756) indicates whether the woman thinks it is possible for a healthy-looking person to have HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Knows someone who has or died of AIDS 808C. Do you personally know anyone who has the AIDS or has died of AIDS? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 AIDKNOWONE (V775) indicates whether the woman personally knows someone who currently has (or is suspected to have) HIV/AIDS or knows someone who died of AIDS. How the question was phrased varied across samples. See Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Get AIDS from: Sharing food with person with AIDS 802B. In your opinion, can someone get AIDS: By touching someone who has AIDS? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 By sharing food or dishes with someone who has AIDS? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 By a kiss from someone who has AIDS? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 By having sexual relations with someone who has AIDS? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 By mosquito bites or other insect bites/stings? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 By contact with the blood of someone who has AIDS? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 By receiving an inoculation or vaccine? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 By blood transfusions? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 AIDGETFOOD (V754WP) indicates whether the woman believes AIDS can be transmitted through sharing food (or dining utensils) with an infected person. 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 7 Don't know 1 Yes 0 No HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Knows there are ways to avoid HIV/AIDS 803. Is there something people can do to avoid contracting AIDS? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 807) DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 807) AIDPREVENT (V753) indicates whether the respondent believes there are things a person can do to avoid HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Thinks AIDS can be transmitted from mother to child 808B. Can AIDS be passed from mother to child? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 AIDMA2CHLD (V774) indicates whether the woman believes HIV/AIDS can be transmitted from mother to child by any means. 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 1 Yes 0 No 7 Don't know HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention Variables -- TOPICS Perceived risk of getting AIDS 809. Do you think your risk of getting AIDS is small, moderate, significant, or do you think you run no risk at all in contracting AIDS? SMALL 1 MODERATE 2 (GO TO 809B) SIGNIFICANT 3 (GO TO 809B) NO RISK AT ALL 4 HAS AIDS 5 (GO TO 811A) DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 811A) AIDRISK (V758) reports whether the woman believes her risk of getting HIV/AIDS is nonexistent, small, moderate, or great, or if she already has AIDS. 0 No risk 1 Small risk 2 Moderate risk 3 Great risk 4 Has AIDS 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Perceived risk of HIV/AIDS Variables -- TOPICS Low risk of getting AIDS: Abstains from sex 809A. Why do you think your risk of getting AIDS is small? Why do you think you run no risk of getting AIDS? Are there other reasons? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAINS FROM SEX A (GO TO 811A) USES CONDOMS B (GO TO 811A) ONLY HAS SEX WITH ONE PARTNER C (GO TO 811A) LIMITS NUMBER OF SEXUAL PARTNERS D (GO TO 811A) PARTNER IS FAITHFUL E (GO TO 811A) AVOIDS BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS G (GO TO 811A) AVOIDS INJECTIONS H (GO TO 811A) OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ X (GO TO 811A) For women who believe that they are at no risk or only a small risk of getting HIV/AIDS, AIDLRISKABST (V868B) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported believing this because they abstain from sex. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Perceived risk of HIV/AIDS Variables -- TOPICS Low risk of getting AIDS: Uses condoms 809A. Why do you think your risk of getting AIDS is small? Why do you think you run no risk of getting AIDS? Are there other reasons? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. ABSTAINS FROM SEX A (GO TO 811A) USES CONDOMS B (GO TO 811A) ONLY HAS SEX WITH ONE PARTNER C (GO TO 811A) LIMITS NUMBER OF SEXUAL PARTNERS D (GO TO 811A) PARTNER IS FAITHFUL E (GO TO 811A) AVOIDS BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS G (GO TO 811A) AVOIDS INJECTIONS H (GO TO 811A) OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ X (GO TO 811A) For women who believe that they are at no risk or only a small risk of getting HIV/AIDS, AIDLRISKCON (V868C) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported believing this because they use condoms. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Perceived risk of HIV/AIDS Variables -- TOPICS AIDS knowledge changed sexual behavior: Did not start sex 811A. Since you've heard about AIDS, have you changed your behavior in order to avoid getting the illness? IF YES, INSIST: What have you done? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HAD NEVER HAD SEX A STOPPED HAVING SEX B STARTED TO USE CONDOMS C (GO TO 901) HAS ONE PARTNER D REDUCED NUMBER OF PARTNERS E OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ X CHANGED NOTHING ABOUT SEXUAL BEHAVIOR Y DOESN'T KNOW Z AIDBEHAVNOSEX (V760A) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported changing sexual behavior by not starting sex since hearing about HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Behavior changes due to HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS AIDS knowledge changed sexual behavior: Stopped all sex 811A. Since you've heard about AIDS, have you changed your behavior in order to avoid getting the illness? IF YES, INSIST: What have you done? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HAD NEVER HAD SEX A STOPPED HAVING SEX B STARTED TO USE CONDOMS C (GO TO 901) HAS ONE PARTNER D REDUCED NUMBER OF PARTNERS E OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ X CHANGED NOTHING ABOUT SEXUAL BEHAVIOR Y DOESN'T KNOW Z AIDBEHAVSTOPSEX (V760B) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported changing sexual behavior by stopping all sex since hearing about HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Behavior changes due to HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS AIDS knowledge changed sexual behavior: Started using condoms 811A. Since you've heard about AIDS, have you changed your behavior in order to avoid getting the illness? IF YES, INSIST: What have you done? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HAD NEVER HAD SEX A STOPPED HAVING SEX B STARTED TO USE CONDOMS C (GO TO 901) HAS ONE PARTNER D REDUCED NUMBER OF PARTNERS E OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ X CHANGED NOTHING ABOUT SEXUAL BEHAVIOR Y DOESN'T KNOW Z AIDBEHAVCON (V760C) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported changing sexual behavior by starting to use condoms since hearing about HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Behavior changes due to HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS AIDS knowledge changed sexual behavior: One sex partner 811A. Since you've heard about AIDS, have you changed your behavior in order to avoid getting the illness? IF YES, INSIST: What have you done? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HAD NEVER HAD SEX A STOPPED HAVING SEX B STARTED TO USE CONDOMS C (GO TO 901) HAS ONE PARTNER D REDUCED NUMBER OF PARTNERS E OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ X CHANGED NOTHING ABOUT SEXUAL BEHAVIOR Y DOESN'T KNOW Z AIDBEHAV1PAR (V760D) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported changing sexual behavior by having only one sexual partner since hearing about HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Behavior changes due to HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS AIDS knowledge changed sexual behavior: Limit number of partners 811A. Since you've heard about AIDS, have you changed your behavior in order to avoid getting the illness? IF YES, INSIST: What have you done? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HAD NEVER HAD SEX A STOPPED HAVING SEX B STARTED TO USE CONDOMS C (GO TO 901) HAS ONE PARTNER D REDUCED NUMBER OF PARTNERS E OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ X CHANGED NOTHING ABOUT SEXUAL BEHAVIOR Y DOESN'T KNOW Z AIDBEHAVLIMIT (V760E) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported changing sexual behavior by limiting the number of sexual partners since hearing about HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Behavior changes due to HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS AIDS knowledge changed sexual behavior: Other (sexual) 811A. Since you've heard about AIDS, have you changed your behavior in order to avoid getting the illness? IF YES, INSIST: What have you done? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HAD NEVER HAD SEX A STOPPED HAVING SEX B STARTED TO USE CONDOMS C (GO TO 901) HAS ONE PARTNER D REDUCED NUMBER OF PARTNERS E OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ X CHANGED NOTHING ABOUT SEXUAL BEHAVIOR Y DOESN'T KNOW Z AIDBEHAVOTHSEX (V760X) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported changing some "other" sexual behavior since hearing about HIV/AIDS. The meaning of "other" varies across samples depending on the responses included in a given survey. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Behavior changes due to HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS AIDS knowledge changed sexual behavior: Don't know 811A. Since you've heard about AIDS, have you changed your behavior in order to avoid getting the illness? IF YES, INSIST: What have you done? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HAD NEVER HAD SEX A STOPPED HAVING SEX B STARTED TO USE CONDOMS C (GO TO 901) HAS ONE PARTNER D REDUCED NUMBER OF PARTNERS E OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ X CHANGED NOTHING ABOUT SEXUAL BEHAVIOR Y DOESN'T KNOW Z AIDBEHAVDK (V760Z) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, respondents reported not knowing whether their sexual behavior had changed since hearing about HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes, don't know if changed behavior 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Behavior changes due to HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS AIDS knowledge changed sexual behavior: No change 811A. Since you've heard about AIDS, have you changed your behavior in order to avoid getting the illness? IF YES, INSIST: What have you done? Anything else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HAD NEVER HAD SEX A STOPPED HAVING SEX B STARTED TO USE CONDOMS C (GO TO 901) HAS ONE PARTNER D REDUCED NUMBER OF PARTNERS E OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ X CHANGED NOTHING ABOUT SEXUAL BEHAVIOR Y DOESN'T KNOW Z AIDBEHAVNONE (V760Y) indicates whether the respondent reported not changing sexual behavior since hearing about HIV/AIDS. 7 Don't know 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Behavior changes due to HIV/AIDS knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Radio 802. From which sources of information have you learned the most about AIDS? Are there other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TELEVISION B NEWSPAPERS/MAGAZINES C POSTERS D HEALTH AGENTS E CHURCH/MOSQUE F SCHOOL/TEACHERS G NEIGHBORHOOD PRESENTATIONS H RELATIVES I FRIENDS J WORK PLACE K MOVIE CLUBS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ X AIDSINFORADIO (V752A) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported the radio as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Television 802. From which sources of information have you learned the most about AIDS? Are there other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TELEVISION B NEWSPAPERS/MAGAZINES C POSTERS D HEALTH AGENTS E CHURCH/MOSQUE F SCHOOL/TEACHERS G NEIGHBORHOOD PRESENTATIONS H RELATIVES I FRIENDS J WORK PLACE K MOVIE CLUBS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ X AIDSINFOTV (V752B) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported the television as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Newspaper/magazine 802. From which sources of information have you learned the most about AIDS? Are there other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TELEVISION B NEWSPAPERS/MAGAZINES C POSTERS D HEALTH AGENTS E CHURCH/MOSQUE F SCHOOL/TEACHERS G NEIGHBORHOOD PRESENTATIONS H RELATIVES I FRIENDS J WORK PLACE K MOVIE CLUBS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ X AIDSINFONEWS (V752C) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported newspapers or magazines as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Posters/brochures/pamphlets 802. From which sources of information have you learned the most about AIDS? Are there other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TELEVISION B NEWSPAPERS/MAGAZINES C POSTERS D HEALTH AGENTS E CHURCH/MOSQUE F SCHOOL/TEACHERS G NEIGHBORHOOD PRESENTATIONS H RELATIVES I FRIENDS J WORK PLACE K MOVIE CLUBS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ X AIDSINFOPOSTER (V752D) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported pamphlets, posters, or brochures as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Clinic/Health worker 802. From which sources of information have you learned the most about AIDS? Are there other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TELEVISION B NEWSPAPERS/MAGAZINES C POSTERS D HEALTH AGENTS E CHURCH/MOSQUE F SCHOOL/TEACHERS G NEIGHBORHOOD PRESENTATIONS H RELATIVES I FRIENDS J WORK PLACE K MOVIE CLUBS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ X AIDSINFOWKR (V752E) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported a clinic or health worker as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Church/mosque 802. From which sources of information have you learned the most about AIDS? Are there other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TELEVISION B NEWSPAPERS/MAGAZINES C POSTERS D HEALTH AGENTS E CHURCH/MOSQUE F SCHOOL/TEACHERS G NEIGHBORHOOD PRESENTATIONS H RELATIVES I FRIENDS J WORK PLACE K MOVIE CLUBS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ X AIDSINFOCHURCH (V752F) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported a church or mosque as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Schools/teachers 802. From which sources of information have you learned the most about AIDS? Are there other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TELEVISION B NEWSPAPERS/MAGAZINES C POSTERS D HEALTH AGENTS E CHURCH/MOSQUE F SCHOOL/TEACHERS G NEIGHBORHOOD PRESENTATIONS H RELATIVES I FRIENDS J WORK PLACE K MOVIE CLUBS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ X AIDSINFOSCHOOL (V752G) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported schools or teachers as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Community meetings 802. From which sources of information have you learned the most about AIDS? Are there other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TELEVISION B NEWSPAPERS/MAGAZINES C POSTERS D HEALTH AGENTS E CHURCH/MOSQUE F SCHOOL/TEACHERS G NEIGHBORHOOD PRESENTATIONS H RELATIVES I FRIENDS J WORK PLACE K MOVIE CLUBS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ X AIDSINFOCOMM (V752H) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported community meetings as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Friend/relative 802. From which sources of information have you learned the most about AIDS? Are there other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TELEVISION B NEWSPAPERS/MAGAZINES C POSTERS D HEALTH AGENTS E CHURCH/MOSQUE F SCHOOL/TEACHERS G NEIGHBORHOOD PRESENTATIONS H RELATIVES I FRIENDS J WORK PLACE K MOVIE CLUBS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ X AIDSINFOFRND (V752I) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported friends or relatives as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Source of AIDS information: Workplace 802. From which sources of information have you learned the most about AIDS? Are there other sources? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RADIO A TELEVISION B NEWSPAPERS/MAGAZINES C POSTERS D HEALTH AGENTS E CHURCH/MOSQUE F SCHOOL/TEACHERS G NEIGHBORHOOD PRESENTATIONS H RELATIVES I FRIENDS J WORK PLACE K MOVIE CLUBS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ X AIDSINFOWORK (V752J) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman reported her workplace as a source of information on HIV/AIDS. Question wording varies slightly across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source of HIV/AIDS information Variables -- TOPICS Time since last intercourse Now I would like to ask you some questions about your sexual activity in order to gain a better understanding of certain problems related to family planning. 515. How long has it been since the last time you had sexual intercourse (if you've ever had it)? NEVER 00 (GO TO 608) DAYS AGO 1 ______ WEEKS AGO 2 _______ MONTHS AGO 3 _______ YEARS AGO 4 ______ BEFORE LAST BIRTH 996 TIMESINCESEX (V527) reports how many days, weeks, months or years had passed since the woman had sexual intercourse with her most recent sexual partner. 154 54 days 153 53 days 152 52 days 151 51 days 150 50 days 149 49 days 148 48 days 147 47 days 146 46 days 145 45 days 144 44 days 143 43 days 142 42 days 141 41 days 140 40 days 139 39 days 138 38 days 137 37 days 136 36 days 135 35 days 134 34 days 133 33 days 132 32 days 131 31 days 130 30 days 129 29 days 128 28 days 127 27 days 126 26 days 125 25 days 124 24 days 123 23 days 122 22 days 121 21 days 120 20 days 119 19 days 118 18 days 117 17 days 116 16 days 115 15 days 114 14 days 113 13 days 112 12 days 111 11 days 110 10 days 109 9 days 108 8 days 107 7 days 106 6 days 105 5 days 104 4 days 103 3 days 102 2 days 101 1 day 100 Less than 1 day ago 155 55 days 156 56 days 157 57 days 158 58 days 159 59 days 160 60 days 161 61 days 162 62 days 163 63 days 164 64 days 165 65 days 166 66 days 167 67 days 168 68 days 169 69 days 170 70 days 171 71 days 172 72 days 173 73 days 174 74 days 175 75 days 176 76 days 177 77 days 178 78 days 179 79 days 180 80 days 181 81 days 182 82 days 183 83 days 184 84 days 185 85 days 186 86 days 187 87 days 188 88 days 189 89 days 190 90 days 191 91 days 192 92 days 193 93 days 194 94 days 195 95 days 196 96 days 197 97 days 198 Days, number inconsistent 199 Days, number missing 200 WEEKS 201 1 week 202 2 weeks 203 3 weeks 204 4 weeks 205 5 weeks 206 6 weeks 207 7 weeks 208 8 weeks 209 9 weeks 210 10 weeks 211 11 weeks 212 12 weeks 213 13 weeks 214 14 weeks 215 15 weeks 216 16 weeks 217 17 weeks 218 18 weeks 219 19 weeks 220 20 weeks 221 21 weeks 222 22 weeks 223 23 weeks 224 24 weeks 225 25 weeks 226 26 weeks 227 27 weeks 228 28 weeks 229 29 weeks 230 30 weeks 231 31 weeks 232 32 weeks 233 33 weeks 234 34 weeks 235 35 weeks 236 36 weeks 237 37 weeks 238 38 weeks 239 39 weeks 240 40 weeks 241 41 weeks 242 42 weeks 243 43 weeks 244 44 weeks 245 45 weeks 246 46 weeks 247 47 weeks 248 48 weeks 249 49 weeks 250 50 weeks 251 51 weeks 252 52 weeks 298 Weeks, inconsistent 299 Weeks, number missing 300 MONTHS 301 1 month 302 2 months 303 3 months 304 4 months 305 5 months 306 6 months 307 7 months 308 8 months 309 9 months 310 10 months 311 11 months 312 12 months 313 13 months 314 14 months 315 15 months 316 16 months 317 17 months 318 18 months 319 19 months 320 20 months 321 21 months 322 22 months 323 23 months 324 24 months 325 25 months 326 26 months 327 27 months 328 28 months 329 29 months 330 30 months 331 31 months 332 32 months 333 33 months 334 34 months 335 35 months 336 36 months 337 37 months 338 38 months 339 39 months 340 40 months 341 41 months 342 42 months 343 43 months 344 44 months 345 45 months 346 46 months 347 47 months 348 48 months 349 49 months 350 50 months 351 51 months 352 52 months 353 53 months 354 54 months 355 55 months 356 56 months 357 57 months 358 58 months 359 59 months 360 60 months 361 61 months 362 62 months 363 63 months 364 64 months 365 65 months 366 66 months 367 67 months 368 68 months 369 69 months 370 70 months 371 71 months 372 72 months 373 73 months 374 74 months 375 75 months 376 76 months 377 77 months 378 78 months 379 79 months 380 80 months 381 81 months 382 82 months 383 83 months 384 84 months 385 85 months 386 86 months 387 87 months 388 88 months 389 89 months 390 90 months 391 91 months 392 92 months 393 93 months 394 94 months 395 95 months 396 96 months 397 97 months 398 Months, inconsistent 399 Months, number missing 400 YEARS 401 1 year 402 2 years 403 3 years 404 4 years 405 5 years 406 6 years 407 7 years 408 8 years 409 9 years 410 10 years 411 11 years 412 12 years 413 13 years 414 14 years 415 15 years 416 16 years 417 17 years 418 18 years 419 19 years 420 20 years 421 21 years 422 22 years 423 23 years 424 24 years 425 25 years 426 26 years 427 27 years 428 28 years 429 29 years 430 30 years 431 31 years 432 32 years 433 33 years 434 34 years 435 35 years 436 36 years 437 37 years 438 38 years 439 39 years 440 40 years 441 41 years 442 42 years 443 43 years 444 44 years 445 45 years 448 48 years 449 49 years 450 50+ years 499 Years, number missing 993 With former husband 994 Within last 4 weeks 995 Before last birth 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) 446 46 years 447 47 years Recent sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Time since last intercourse in days Now I would like to ask you some questions about your sexual activity in order to gain a better understanding of certain problems related to family planning. 515. How long has it been since the last time you had sexual intercourse (if you've ever had it)? NEVER 00 (GO TO 608) DAYS AGO 1 ______ WEEKS AGO 2 _______ MONTHS AGO 3 _______ YEARS AGO 4 ______ BEFORE LAST BIRTH 996 TIMESINCESEXD (V528) reports the number of days that have passed since the respondent last had sexual intercourse. Durations of more than 30 days are grouped into "31+." If the respondent reported having sexual intercourse in the last 4 weeks but replied that her last sexual intercourse was one month before the interview (in TIMESINCESEX (V527), this response is recoded to "30" in TIMESINCESEXD. In all other cases, a response of "One month" in TIMESINCESEX is coded as "31+." 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31+ days 92 Not married/no regular partner 93 Within last 4 weeks 94 Before last birth 95 With former husband 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Recent sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Time since last intercourse in months (imputed) Now I would like to ask you some questions about your sexual activity in order to gain a better understanding of certain problems related to family planning. 515. How long has it been since the last time you had sexual intercourse (if you've ever had it)? NEVER 00 (GO TO 608) DAYS AGO 1 ______ WEEKS AGO 2 _______ MONTHS AGO 3 _______ YEARS AGO 4 ______ BEFORE LAST BIRTH 996 TIMESINCESEXM (V529) reports the computed time (in months) since the respondent last had sexual intercourse. This variable's value is computed from the responses in TIMESINCESEX (V527), with durations exceeding the interval since the last birth recoded as "Before last birth." 000 Less than 1 month 993 No partner 994 With former husband 995 Before last birth 996 Inconsistent 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Recent sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Flag for time since last sex (months, imputed) TIMESINCESEXFLAG (V530) is a flag variable reporting the type of problem found when editing responses about the time that has passed since the respondent last had sexual intercourse (in TIMESINCESEXM (V529)). Below are descriptions of each code: 0 = No flag 1 = Duration reported is greater than the interval since the last birth, and the respondent did not say in the maternity section (PPABSTAINNOW (V406)) that she is still abstaining from sexual relations since her last birth 2 = Duration reported plus the duration of abstinence after the last birth (PPABMO_01 (M8_1)) is greater than the interval since the last birth 3 = Duration reported, but the respondent has not resumed sexual intercourse since the last birth 4 = Respondent reported last intercourse was before her last birth, but she has never given birth 5 = Respondent reported last intercourse was before her last birth, but she was currently pregnant (PREGNANT (V213). 6 = Respondent reported last intercourse was before her last birth, but she reported in the maternity section that she had resumed sexual intercourse after her last birth 7 = Respondent reported a duration since her last intercourse, but this would place her last intercourse before her last pregnancy 8 = Respondent reported a duration since her last intercourse, but this response was inconsistent with her response concerning the number of times she had sexual intercourse in the 4 weeks preceding the survey (SX4WKX (V526)) 9 = Duration reported, but would place her last sexual intercourse before her last birth 00 No flag 01 Duration greater than time since last birth and did not report pp abstinence 02 Duration plus abstinence after last birth greater than time since last birth 03 Reported, but did not resume sex after last birth 04 Before last birth, but no births 05 Before last birth, but currently pregnant 06 Before last birth, but resumed sex after last birth 07 Reported but before last pregnancy 08 Reported but inconsistent with times had sex in past 4 weeks 09 Reported but before last birth 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Recent sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Has regular or occasional sex partner 503. Do you currently have a regular sexual partner, an occasional sexual partner, or no sexual partner at all? REGULAR SEXUAL PARTNER 1 OCCASIONAL SEXUAL PARTNER 2 NO SEXUAL PARTNER 3 For respondents who are not currently married or living with a partner, SXPARTNER (V534) indicates whether the respondent has no sex partner, a regular sex partner, or an occasional sex partner. 0 No sex partner 1 Regular sex partner 2 Occasional sex partner 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Recent sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Number of sex partners, including spouse, in past 12 months 521. With how many different people have you had sexual intercourse in the last 12 months? NUMBER OF PARTNERS _____ DOESN'T KNOW 96 SXPARYRNO (V766B) reports the number of sex partners the woman had in the past 12 months, including her spouse. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 83 84 84 85 85 86 86 87 87 88 88 89 89 90 90 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) 91 91 92 92 93 93 94 94 95 95+ Recent sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Age at first intercourse 519. What age were you when you had your first sexual encounter? AGE ____ FIRST TIME WHILE MARRIED 96 AGE1STSEX (V525) indicates the woman's self-reported age for the first time she had sexual intercourse. 00 Not had intercourse 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 94 Refused to respond 95 At first union 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) First or ever sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Age at first intercourse (imputed) 519. What age were you when you had your first sexual encounter? AGE ____ FIRST TIME WHILE MARRIED 96 AGE1STSEXIMP (V531) reports the respondent's age at first sexual intercourse. This variable is the same as AGE1STSEX (V525), except for women who reported their first sexual intercourse was at the time of their union. For these women, the age at first sex is taken from the age at first union. In cases where the age at first sex was inconsistent with the age at conception of the first child, but only by one year, the age at first sex was reduced by one year. 00 Not had sex 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 95 Refused to respond 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) First or ever sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Flag for age at first intercourse AGE1STSEXFLAG (V532) is a flag variable reporting the type of inconsistency found when editing responses about when the respondent first had sexual intercourse. Below are descriptions of each code: 0 = No flag 1 = Respondent reported age at first sexual intercourse that exceeds her current age (AGE (V012)) 2 = Respondent reported her age at first sexual intercourse as occurring more than one year after the conception of her first child 3 = Respondent reported her age at first sexual intercourse as occurring up to one year after the conception of her first child 4 = Respondent reported that her first sexual intercourse was at the time of her first marriage, but the respondent was never married (EVERMARRIED (V535)) 5 = Respondent reported that her first sexual intercourse was at the time of her first marriage, but her first marriage occurred after the conception of her first child 6 = Respondent reported her first sexual intercourse as being some time after her first marriage 0 No flag 1 After interview 2 After conception by 1 year or more 3 After conception by less than 1 year 4 At marriage, but never married 5 At marriage, but after conception 6 After marriage First or ever sexual experience Variables -- TOPICS Knowledge of condom use for FP and/or STI prevention SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION Now I would like to talk about family planning and the various ways or methods that a couple can use to delay or avoid a pregnancy. CIRCLE CODE 1 FOR EACH METHOD MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. THEN PROCEED DOWN COLUMN 302, READING THE NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF EACH METHOD NOT MENTIONED SPONTANEOUSLY. CIRCLE CODE 2 IF METHOD IS RECOGNIZED, AND CODE 3 IF NOT RECOGNIZED. THEN, FOR EACH METHOD WITH CODE 1 OR 2 CIRCLED IN 301 OR 302, ASK 303. 301. What are the ways or methods that have you heard about? 302. Have you ever heard of (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES SPONTANEOUSLY 1 YES DESCRIPTION 2 NO 3 11. Have you heard of any other ways or methods that women or men can use to avoid pregnancy? (SPECIFY) ________ YES 1 NO 2 Constructed from a series of questions, AIDCONHEARD (V764) reports whether the respondent knew of condoms, and if so, did she know about using condoms for family planning, for STI prevention, or for both family planning and STI prevention. Women are asked about their knowledge of using condoms for family planning reasons in the contraception table. AIDCONHEARD also draws upon a question asking about the woman's knowledge of using condoms for STI prevention. This question is worded as "Some people use a condom during sexual intercourse to protect themselves from AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections. Have you ever heard of this?" or some slight variation. IPUMS-DHS users may also be interested in the related variable AIDCONUSE (V764), which reports whether the woman had ever used condoms, and if so, whether she used condoms for family planning, for STI prevention, or for both family planning and STI prevention. 00 Does not know of condoms 10 Knows of condoms 11 Knows of condoms for FP 12 Knows of condoms for STI prevention 13 Knows of condoms for FP and STI prevention Condom knowledge and attitudes Variables -- TOPICS Heard of using condoms to avoid HIV/AIDS 811B. Some people use a condom during sexual intercourse to protect themselves from AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections. Have you already heard of this? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 901) AIDCONKNOW (V870) indicates whether the respondent has heard of using condoms to prevent HIV/AIDS or other sexually transmitted infections. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Condom knowledge and attitudes Variables -- TOPICS Condom used during woman's most recent intercourse 516. CHECK 301 AND 302: YES, SHE HAS HEARD OF CONDOMS. Did you use a condom during your last sexual encounter? NO, SHE HAS NEVER HEARD OF CONDOMS. Certain men use a condom, that is, they put a rubber sheath on their penis before having sexual intercourse. Did you use a condom during your last sexual encounter? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 517) DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 517) CONUSMAN1 (V761) indicates whether the woman used a condom the last time she had sex with her most recent sex partner (from the last 12 months). 00 No 10 Yes 11 Yes, male condom 12 Yes, female condom 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Condom use Variables -- TOPICS Ever used a condom for FP and/or STI prevention 303. Have you ever used (METHOD)? 01. PILL Women can take a pill every day to avoid becoming pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 02. IUD Women can have a loop or coil placed inside them by a doctor or a nurse. YES 1 NO 2 03. INJECTABLES Women can have an injection by a health provider that stops them from becoming pregnant for one or more months. YES 1 NO 2 04. IMPLANTS Women can have several small rods placed in their upper arm by a doctor or nurse which can prevent pregnancy for one or more years. YES 1 NO 2 05. DIAPHRAGM, FOAM OR GEL Women can place a diaphragm, gel or foam inside their vagina before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 06. CONDOM Men can put a rubber or latex sheath on their penis before sexual intercourse. YES 1 NO 2 07. FEMALE STERILIZATION Women can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 08. MALE STERILIZATION Men can have an operation to avoid having any more children. Have you ever had a partner who has an operation to avoid having any more children? YES 1 NO 2 09. RHYTHM METHOD Every month that a woman is sexually active she can avoid pregnancy by not having sexual intercourse on the days of the month she is most likely to get pregnant. YES 1 NO 2 10. WITHDRAWAL Men can be careful and pull out before climax. YES 1 NO 2 11. OTHER METHOD (SPECIFY) ____ YES 1 NO 2 Constructed from a series of questions, AIDCONUSE (V765) reports whether the woman had ever used condoms, and if so, whether she used condoms for family planning, for STI prevention, or for both family planning and STI prevention. Women are asked about use of condoms for family planning reasons in the contraception table. AIDCONUSE also draws upon a question asking about the woman's use of condoms for STI prevention. This question is worded as "Have you ever used a condom during sexual relations to avoid getting AIDS or transmitting illnesses like AIDS?" or some slight variation. IPUMS-DHS users may also be interested in the related variable AIDCONHEARD (V765), which reports whether the woman knew of condoms, and if so, whether she knew about using condoms for family planning, for STI prevention, or for both family planning and STI prevention. 00 Never used condoms 10 Ever used condoms 11 Used condoms for FP 12 Used condoms for STI prevention 13 Used condoms for FP and STI prevention 99 NIU (not in universe) Condom use Variables -- TOPICS Used a condom to avoid HIV/AIDS or other STI 811D. Have you ever used a condom to protect yourself from illnesses such as AIDS? YES 1 NO 2 For women who have ever had sexual intercourse and have heard of using condoms to prevent HIV/AIDS or other sexually transmitted infections, CONUSESTI (V871) indicates whether the respondent has ever used a condom to prevent HIV/AIDS or another STI. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in unvierse) Condom use Variables -- TOPICS Known source for condoms 518. Where is that? IF IT IS A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OR A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC, WRITE THE NAME OF THE ESTABLISHMENT. PROBE TO DETERMINE THE PROPER TYPE OF SECTOR AND CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE. NAME OF PLACE _______________ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G PF/FISA CENTER H OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z For women who have ever had sexual intercourse, HCMSRC reports where she knows condoms can be obtained. Response categories vary across samples. See Comparability. 1000 PUBLIC SECTOR 1100 Government hospital 1110 National/central hospital 1120 Provincial/regional hospital 1130 District/rural hospital 1131 District hospital 1132 Rural hospital 1140 Day hospital 1200 Government health center 1210 Rural health center 1300 Government family planning clinic 1310 Stand-alone family planning clinic 1320 Mobile family planning clinic 1400 Government pharmacy/dispensary 1500 Government outreach 1510 Government mobile clinic 1520 Government health post 1530 Government health worker 1531 Public field worker 1532 Community-based distribution (CBD) worker 1600 Government maternity home 1900 Other public sector 1901 Social center 2000 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR 2100 Private hospital/clinic 2200 Private doctor 2300 Private pharmacy/dispensary 2400 Private family planning clinic 2500 Private outreach 2510 Private mobile clinic 2520 Private health worker 2521 Field worker 2522 Community-based distribution (CBD) worker 2600 Private maternity home 2900 Other private medical sector 3000 NGO FACILITY 3100 NGO health facility 4000 RELIGIOUS/MISSION 4100 Religious hospital/clinic 5000 OTHER 5100 Shop 5110 Gas station 5120 Stand/kiosk 5200 Church 5300 Friend/relative 5310 Friend 5320 Relative 5400 Other outreach 5410 Mobile clinic 5420 Community-based distribution (CBD) worker 5600 Traditional practitioner 5700 Hotel/bar 5710 Bar 5800 Informal channels 9995 Other 9997 Don't know source for condom 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) 1220 Primary health center 1521 Outreach clinic 2410 Injectable outlet General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Public hospital 518. Where is that? IF IT IS A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OR A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC, WRITE THE NAME OF THE ESTABLISHMENT. PROBE TO DETERMINE THE PROPER TYPE OF SECTOR AND CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE. NAME OF PLACE _______________ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G PF/FISA CENTER H OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z HCMPUBHOS (V762AA) indicates whether the woman reported a "government hospital" as a source for male condoms. Some samples in the "HCM" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of public hospitals that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in HCMPUBHOS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Public health center/post 518. Where is that? IF IT IS A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OR A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC, WRITE THE NAME OF THE ESTABLISHMENT. PROBE TO DETERMINE THE PROPER TYPE OF SECTOR AND CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE. NAME OF PLACE _______________ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G PF/FISA CENTER H OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z HCMPUBHC (V762AB) indicates whether the woman reported a public health center or health post as a source for male condoms. Some samples in the "HCM" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, such as HCMPUBHC, while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. Due to variability in response category wording, IPUMS-DHS users are encouraged to review the Comparability tab. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Public dispensary, pharmacy 518. Where is that? IF IT IS A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OR A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC, WRITE THE NAME OF THE ESTABLISHMENT. PROBE TO DETERMINE THE PROPER TYPE OF SECTOR AND CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE. NAME OF PLACE _______________ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G PF/FISA CENTER H OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z HCMPUBDRUG indicates whether the woman reported a public dispensary or pharmacy as a source for male condoms. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Other public source 518. Where is that? IF IT IS A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OR A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC, WRITE THE NAME OF THE ESTABLISHMENT. PROBE TO DETERMINE THE PROPER TYPE OF SECTOR AND CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE. NAME OF PLACE _______________ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G PF/FISA CENTER H OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z HCMPUBOTH (V762AF) indicates whether the woman reported some other public facility as a source for male condoms. The meaning of "other" depends on the sources for male condoms specified in a given sample. See HCMPRIVOTH (other private medical sector) and HCMOTHER (other non-medical sector) for similar variables. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Private hospital, clinic 518. Where is that? IF IT IS A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OR A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC, WRITE THE NAME OF THE ESTABLISHMENT. PROBE TO DETERMINE THE PROPER TYPE OF SECTOR AND CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE. NAME OF PLACE _______________ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G PF/FISA CENTER H OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z HCMPRIVHOS (V762AJ) indicates whether the woman reported a "private hospital/clinic" as a source for male condoms. Some samples in the "HCM" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of private hospitals/clinics that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in HCMPRIVHOS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Private pharmacy, drug store, or dispensary 518. Where is that? IF IT IS A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OR A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC, WRITE THE NAME OF THE ESTABLISHMENT. PROBE TO DETERMINE THE PROPER TYPE OF SECTOR AND CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE. NAME OF PLACE _______________ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G PF/FISA CENTER H OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z HCMPRIVDRUG (V762AK) indicates whether the woman reported a private pharmacy, drug store, or dispensary as a source for male condoms. Some samples in the "HCM" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of private, formal drug sources that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in HCMPRIVDRUG. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Private doctor 518. Where is that? IF IT IS A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OR A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC, WRITE THE NAME OF THE ESTABLISHMENT. PROBE TO DETERMINE THE PROPER TYPE OF SECTOR AND CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE. NAME OF PLACE _______________ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G PF/FISA CENTER H OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z HCMPRIVDR (V762AL) indicates whether the woman reported a "private doctor" as a source for male condoms. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Family planning clinic (private) 518. Where is that? IF IT IS A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OR A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC, WRITE THE NAME OF THE ESTABLISHMENT. PROBE TO DETERMINE THE PROPER TYPE OF SECTOR AND CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE. NAME OF PLACE _______________ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G PF/FISA CENTER H OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z HCMPRIVFPC indicates whether the woman reported a private family planning clinic or association as a source for male condoms. IPUMS-DHS users should be careful to distinguish this variable from HCMPUBFPC (public family planning clinic or association). 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Religious/mission hospital, health center, clinic, or dispensary 518. Where is that? IF IT IS A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OR A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC, WRITE THE NAME OF THE ESTABLISHMENT. PROBE TO DETERMINE THE PROPER TYPE OF SECTOR AND CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE. NAME OF PLACE _______________ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G PF/FISA CENTER H OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z HCMPRIVMIS indicates whether the woman reported a faith-based health facility as a source for male condoms. Some samples in the "HCM" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of faith-based facilities that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in HCMPRIVMIS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Other private source 518. Where is that? IF IT IS A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OR A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC, WRITE THE NAME OF THE ESTABLISHMENT. PROBE TO DETERMINE THE PROPER TYPE OF SECTOR AND CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE. NAME OF PLACE _______________ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G PF/FISA CENTER H OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z HCMPRIVOTH indicates whether the woman reported some other private medical facility or organization as a source for male condoms. The meaning of "other" depends on the sources for male condoms specified in a given sample. See HCMPUBOTH (other public medical sector) and HCMOTHER (other non-medical sector) for similar variables. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Shop (other) 518. Where is that? IF IT IS A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OR A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC, WRITE THE NAME OF THE ESTABLISHMENT. PROBE TO DETERMINE THE PROPER TYPE OF SECTOR AND CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE. NAME OF PLACE _______________ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G PF/FISA CENTER H OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z HCMSHOP (V762AS) indicates whether the woman reported a "shop" as a source for male condoms. Some samples in the "HCM" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of shops/retailers that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in HCMSHOP. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Other 518. Where is that? IF IT IS A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OR A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC, WRITE THE NAME OF THE ESTABLISHMENT. PROBE TO DETERMINE THE PROPER TYPE OF SECTOR AND CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE. NAME OF PLACE _______________ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G PF/FISA CENTER H OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z HCMOTHER (V762AX) indicates whether the woman reported some other (non-public or not private medical sector) facility as a source for male condoms. The meaning of "other" depends on the sources for male condoms specified in a given sample. See HCMPUBOTH (other public medical sector) and HCMPRIVOTH (other private medical sector) for similar variables. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) General sources Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Friends (other) (Madagascar) 518. Where is that? IF IT IS A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OR A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC, WRITE THE NAME OF THE ESTABLISHMENT. PROBE TO DETERMINE THE PROPER TYPE OF SECTOR AND CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE. NAME OF PLACE _______________ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G PF/FISA CENTER H OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z HCMMG7 indicates whether the woman reported a friend as a source for male condoms. This response category is country-specific to Madagascar. Some samples in the "HCM" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. HCMMG7 is combined with HCMMG8 (relatives) in HCMFRND (friends, relatives, and acquaintances) for the 1997 Madagascar sample. IPUMS-DHS users interested in using HCMMG7 are encouraged to review HCMFRND for a more comprehensive response category. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Country-specific sources, male condom Variables -- TOPICS Known source for male condoms: Relatives (other) (Madagascar) 518. Where is that? IF IT IS A PUBLIC HOSPITAL OR A PRIVATE HOSPITAL OR CLINIC, WRITE THE NAME OF THE ESTABLISHMENT. PROBE TO DETERMINE THE PROPER TYPE OF SECTOR AND CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE. NAME OF PLACE _______________ PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G PF/FISA CENTER H OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z HCMMG8 indicates whether the woman reported a relative as a source for male condoms. This response category is country-specific to Madagascar. Some samples in the "HCM" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. HCMMG8 is combined with HCMMG7 (friends) in HCMFRND (friends, relatives, and acquaintances) for the 1997 Madagascar sample. IPUMS-DHS users interested in using HCMMG8 are encouraged to review HCMFRND for a more comprehensive response category. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Country-specific sources, male condom Variables -- TOPICS Heard of AIDS or other sexually transmitted infections SECTION 8. AIDS AND OTHER SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS 801A. Have you ever heard about infections that can be transmitted through sexual contact? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 801L) STIHEARD (V750) indicates whether the woman had heard of AIDS or any other sexually transmitted infection (STI). For a variable that indicates whether the respondent had heard of STIs other than AIDS, see STIHEARDOTH (V785). For a variable that indicates whether the respondent had heard of AIDS specifically, see AIDSHEARD (V751). 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 7 Don't know 1 Yes 0 No STI knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Heard of STI: Syphilis 801B. Which ones do you know of? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA (GENITAL WARTS) D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ W OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ X DOESN'T KNOW Z STIKNOWSYPH (V856A) indicates whether the respondent has heard of the sexually transmitted infection syphilis. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Heard of STI: Gonorrhea 801B. Which ones do you know of? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA (GENITAL WARTS) D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ W OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ X DOESN'T KNOW Z STIKNOWGON (V856B) indicates whether the respondent has heard of the sexually transmitted infection gonorrhea. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Heard of STI: HIV/AIDS 801B. Which ones do you know of? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA (GENITAL WARTS) D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ W OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ X DOESN'T KNOW Z STIKNOWAIDS (V856C) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having heard of the sexually transmitted infection HIV/AIDS. The related variable AIDSHEARD (V751) indicates whether in response to a direct, yes/no question, the respondent reported having heard of HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Heard of STI: Genital warts/condylomata 801B. Which ones do you know of? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA (GENITAL WARTS) D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ W OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ X DOESN'T KNOW Z STIKNOWGENW (V856D) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having heard of the sexually transmitted infection genital warts or condylomata. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Heard of STI: Other 801B. Which ones do you know of? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA (GENITAL WARTS) D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ W OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ X DOESN'T KNOW Z STIKNOWOTH (V856X) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having heard of some other sexually transmitted infection. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific categories included in a particular sample. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Heard of STI: Don't know name 801B. Which ones do you know of? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA (GENITAL WARTS) D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ W OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ X DOESN'T KNOW Z STIKNOWDK (V856Z) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having heard of sexually transmitted infections, but did not know any by name. 0 No 1 Yes, does not know any STI by name 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI knowledge Variables -- TOPICS Had any sexually transmitted infection in last 12 months 801D. In the last 12 months, have you had one of these infections? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 801F) DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 801F) STIANYR (V763A) indicates whether the woman had any sexually transmitted infection in the last 12 months. How this information was collected changed over time. See Comparability. 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 7 Don't know 1 Yes 0 No STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had genital discharge in last 12 months 801F. In the last 12 months, have you had any vaginal or anal releasing/discharge? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 801L) STIDISCHGYR (V763C) indicates whether the woman had any bad smelling abnormal genital discharge in the last 12 months. 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 7 Don't know 1 Yes 0 No STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had STI in past 12 months: Syphilis 801E. Which infections did you have? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA (GENITAL WARTS) D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ W OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ X DOESN'T KNOW Z For women who reported having a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STISYPHYR (V858A) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having syphilis. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had STI in past 12 months: Gonorrhea 801E. Which infections did you have? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA (GENITAL WARTS) D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ W OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ X DOESN'T KNOW Z For women who reported having a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIGONYR (V858B) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having gonorrhea. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had STI in past 12 months: AIDS 801E. Which infections did you have? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA (GENITAL WARTS) D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ W OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ X DOESN'T KNOW Z For women who reported having a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIAIDSYR (V858C) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having HIV/AIDS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had STI in past 12 months: Genital warts 801E. Which infections did you have? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA (GENITAL WARTS) D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ W OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ X DOESN'T KNOW Z For women who reported having a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIGENWYR (V858D) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having genital warts. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had STI in past 12 months: Other 801E. Which infections did you have? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA (GENITAL WARTS) D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ W OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ X DOESN'T KNOW Z For women who reported having a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIOTHYR (V858X) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having some other sexually transmitted infection. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific categories included in a particular sample. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Had STI in past 12 months: Unknown STI 801E. Which infections did you have? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. SYPHILIS A GONORRHEA B AIDS C CONDYLOMA (GENITAL WARTS) D OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ W OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ X DOESN'T KNOW Z For women who reported having a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIDKYR (V858Z) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the respondent reported having an unknown sexually transmitted infection. 0 No 1 Yes, had unknown STI 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Told partner(s) last time had STI 801I. When you had (INFECTION(S) FROM 801E), did you inform your sexual partner(s)? YES 1 NO 2 For women who had a sexually transmitted infection (STI), abnormal genital discharge, or genital ulcer/sore in the past 12 months, STIPTOLD (V770) indicates whether the woman told her partner(s) she had the STI. 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 3 No partner 2 Some/not all 1 Yes 0 No STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Tried to avoid infecting partner(s) with last STI infection 801J. When you had (INFECTION(S) FROM 801E), did you do anything to avoid infecting your sexual partner(s)? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 801L) PARTNER ALREADY INFECTED 8 (GO TO 801L) For women who had a sexually transmitted infection (STI), abnormal genital discharge, or genital ulcer/sore in the past 12 months, STIPAVOID (V772) indicates whether the woman tried to avoid infecting her partner(s) with the STI. 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 2 Partner already infected 1 Yes 0 No 3 No partner STI experience Variables -- TOPICS How avoided infecting partner: Used condoms 801K. What did you do? AVOIDED SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A USED CONDOMS B TOOK MEDICATION C OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X For women who had a sexually transmitted infection (STI), abnormal genital discharge, or a genital ulcer/sore in the past 12 months, STIPCONDOM (V773B) indicates whether the woman used a condom to avoid infecting her partner(s) with the STI. 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 1 Yes, used condoms 0 No STI experience Variables -- TOPICS How avoided infecting partner: Took medicines 801K. What did you do? AVOIDED SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A USED CONDOMS B TOOK MEDICATION C OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X For women who had a sexually transmitted infection (STI), abnormal genital discharge, or a genital ulcer/sore in the past 12 months, STIPMED (V773C) indicates whether the woman took medicine to avoid infecting her partner(s) with the STI. 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 1 Yes, took medicines 0 No STI experience Variables -- TOPICS How avoided infecting partner: Stopped sexual intercourse 801K. What did you do? AVOIDED SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A USED CONDOMS B TOOK MEDICATION C OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X For women who had a sexually transmitted infection (STI), abnormal genital discharge, or a genital ulcer/sore in the past 12 months, STIPNOSEX (V773A) indicates whether the woman abstained from sex to avoid infecting her partner(s) with the STI. 0 No 1 Yes, stopped sexual intercourse 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI experience Variables -- TOPICS How avoided infecting partner: Other 801K. What did you do? AVOIDED SEXUAL INTERCOURSE A USED CONDOMS B TOOK MEDICATION C OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection (STI) in the past 12 months, STIPOTHER (V773X) indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, the woman stated she did some "other" thing to avoid infecting her partner(s) with the STI. The meaning of "other" depends on the specific response categories included in a given sample. 0 No 1 Yes, other 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) STI experience Variables -- TOPICS Sought advice for last STI 801G. The last time you had this infection (these infections), did you seek advice or treatment, treat yourself at home, or do nothing? SOUGHT TREATMENT 1 TREATED HERSELF 2 (GO TO 801I) NOTHING 3 (GO TO 801I) For women who had a sexually-transmitted infection (STI), abnormal genital discharge, or genital sore/ulcer in the past 12 months, STIADVICE (V770) indicates whether they sought advice or treatment for this problem. 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 1 Yes 0 No Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Public hospital 801H. Where did you seek advice or treatment? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L HEALER M OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADPUBHOS indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they repeated seeking advice or treatment from a public hospital for this problem. Some samples in the "STIAD" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of public hospitals that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in STIADPUBHOS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Public health center 801H. Where did you seek advice or treatment? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L HEALER M OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADPUBHC indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from a public hospital for this problem. Some samples in the "STIAD" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of public health centers that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in STIADPUBHC. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Health post/dispensary (public) 801H. Where did you seek advice or treatment? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L HEALER M OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADHPDISP indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from a health post or dispensary for this problem. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Dispensary (public) 801H. Where did you seek advice or treatment? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L HEALER M OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADPUBDRUG indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from a public dispensary or pharmacy for this problem. Users should be careful to distinguish this variable from STIADOTHDRUG and STIADPRIVDRUG, which refer to other, informal drug sources and private, formal drug sources, respectively. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Other public 801H. Where did you seek advice or treatment? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L HEALER M OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADPUBOTH indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from some "other" public medical facility for this problem. The meaning of "other" depends on the specific response categories included in a given sample. Users should be careful to distinguish this variable from STIADPRIVOTH ("other" under the private medical sector) and STIADOTHER ("other" not under either the private or the public medical sector). 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Private hospital/clinic/doctor 801H. Where did you seek advice or treatment? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L HEALER M OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z ***** 801H. Where did you seek advice or treatment? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L HEALER M OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADPRIVHOS indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from a private hospital, clinic, or doctor for this problem. Some samples in the "STIAD" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Private pharmacy, dispensary, or drug store 801H. Where did you seek advice or treatment? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L HEALER M OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADPRIVDRUG indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from a private pharmacy, drug store, or dispensary for this problem. Some samples in the "STIAD" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of private drug sources that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in STIADPRIVDRUG. Users should be careful to distinguish STIADPRIVDRUG from STIADOTHDRUG and STIADPUBDRUG, which refer to other, informal drug sources and public, formal drug sources, respectively. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Other private medical 801H. Where did you seek advice or treatment? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L HEALER M OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADPRIVOTH indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from some "other" private medical facility for this problem. The meaning of "other" depends on the specific response categories included in a given sample. Users should be careful to distinguish this variable from STIADPUBOTH ("other" under the public medical sector) and STIADOTHER ("other" that is not under either the private or the public medical sector). 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Shop 801H. Where did you seek advice or treatment? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L HEALER M OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADSHOP indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from a shop for this problem. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Traditional healer/herbalist (other) 801H. Where did you seek advice or treatment? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L HEALER M OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADPRIVHL indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from a traditional practitioner for this problem. Users should be careful to distinguish this variable from STIADPRIVHLYN, which includes responses to a similar but closed-ended question. Some samples in the "STIAD" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Other 801H. Where did you seek advice or treatment? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L HEALER M OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADOTHER indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from some "other" source for this problem. The meaning of "other" depends on the specific response categories included in a given sample. Users should be careful to distinguish this variable from STIADPUBOTH ("other" under the public medical sector) and STIADPRIVOTH ("other" under the private medical sector). STIADOTHER includes those "other" categories that do not fit into the public or private medical sector. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, general Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Private hospital/clinic (Madagascar) 801H. Where did you seek advice or treatment? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L HEALER M OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADMG1 indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from a private hospital/clinic for this problem. This response category is country-specific to Madagascar. Some samples in the "STIAD" series include multiple categories that can be consolidated into a single broad response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, while also preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. STIADMG1 is combined with STIADMG2 (private doctor) in STIADPRIVHOS (private hospital, clinic, or doctor) for the 1997 and 2008 Madagascar samples. IPUMS-DHS users interested in using STIADMG1 are encouraged to review STIADPRIVHOS for a more comprehensive response category. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, CS Variables -- TOPICS Sought STI advice from: Private doctor (Madagascar) 801H. Where did you seek advice or treatment? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) __________ X PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC E PHARMACY F DOCTOR G OTHER PRIVATE (SPECIFY) ______ Y OTHER SOURCE STORE I RELIGIOUS CENTER J RELATIVES K FRIENDS L HEALER M OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________ Z For women who had symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection in the past 12 months, STIADMG2 indicates whether, in response to an open-ended question, they reported seeking advice or treatment from a private doctor for this problem. This response category is country-specific to Madagascar. Some samples in the "STIAD" series include multiple categories that can be consolidated into a single broad response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, while also preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. STIADMG2 is combined with STIADMG1 (private hospital/clinic) in STIADPRIVHOS (private hospital, clinic, or doctor) for the 1997 and 2008 Madagascar samples. IPUMS-DHS users interested in using STIADMG2 are encouraged to review STIADPRIVHOS for a more comprehensive response category. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Source for STI advice, CS Variables -- TOPICS Last birth caesarean section 415. Was (NAME) delivered by caesarean section? YES 1 NO 2 For women who gave birth in the three to five years before the survey, DELCESRLAST (V401) indicates whether the last-born child was delivered by caesarean section. When children or births are the unit of analysis, this variable describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes allchildren of the mother to be coded the same way. Question wording varies slightly across samples. See Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Maternal delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Woman currently postpartum amenorrheic 420. Did your period come back between the birth of (NAME) and your next birth? [ASK FOR ALL BUT MOST RECENT BIRTH] YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 424) PPAMENNOW (V405) reports whether the woman is currently postpartum amenorrheic. This variable is created from the maternity history by checking if menstruation resumed after birth. Women who are currently pregnant (irrespective of whether the woman's period returned after her last birth) and women who did not have births in the last three to five years are automatically reported as not currently amenorrheic, and coded "No" (code 0). When children or births are the unit of analysis, this variable describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all children of the mother to be coded the same way. 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Woman currently postpartum abstaining 423. Have you begun to have sexual intercourse again since the birth of (NAME)? [ONLY ASK FOR MOST RECENT BIRTH] YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 425) PPABSTAINNOW (V406) reports whether the woman is currently postpartum abstaining from sex. This variable is created from the maternity history by checking if the respondent has resumed sexual relations since her last birth. Women who did not have births in the last three to five years are automatically reported as not currently abstaining, and coded "No" (code 0). When children or births are the unit of analysis, this variable describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all children of the mother to be coded the same way. 0 No 1 Yes General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Number of children in maternity history 402. ENTER THE LINE NUMBER, NAME, AND SURVIVAL STATUS FOR EACH BIRTH SINCE JANUARY 1994 IN THE REPRODUCTION TABLE. ASK THE QUESTIONS FOR ALL BIRTHS BEGINNING WITH THE LAST BIRTH. (IF THERE ARE MORE THAN 2 BIRTHS, USE LAST COLUMN OF ADDITIONAL QUESTIONNAIRES.) MATERNITYIDX (V417) reports the number of entries in the pregnancy and postnatal care history for a female respondent. This number is typically equal to the number of births in the three (BIRTHSTOT3YR (V238)) or five (BIRTHSIN5YRS (V208) years before the survey. While there is, theoretically, no limit to the number of births recorded in BIRTHSTOT3YR and BIRTHSIN5YRS, MATERNITYIDX is actually limited to the number of columns that can be completed on the survey form. In most cases, MATERNITYIDX is capped at six. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Number of children in immunization/health history SECTION 4B. VACCINATION AND HEALTH 440. WRITE THE LINE NUMBER, NAME, AND SURVIVAL STATUS OF EACH BIRTH SINCE JANUARY 1994 RECORDED IN THE REPRODUCTION TABLE. ASK THE QUESTIONS FOR EACH BIRTH STARTING WITH THE MOST RECENT. (IF THERE ARE MORE THAN 2 BIRTHS, USE AN ADDITIONAL QUESTIONNAIRE.) [441-465 ARE REPEATED FOR EACH BIRTH, BEGINNING WITH THE MOST RECENT BIRTH. IF MORE THAN 2 BIRTHS, USE LAST COLUMN OF ADDITIONAL QUESTIONNAIRES.] HEALTHIDX (V418) reports the number of entries (number of children) in the health or immunization history. This number is typically equal to the number of births in the three (BIRTHSTOT3YR (V238)) or five (BIRTHSIN5YRS (V208) years before the survey. While there is, theoretically, no limit to the number of births recorded in BIRTHSTOT3YR and BIRTHSIN5YRS, HEALTHIDX is actually limited to the number of columns that can be completed on the survey form. In most cases, HEALTHIDX is capped at six. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Number of children in height and weight table 1002. LINE NUMBER ACCORDING TO 212. [FOR CHILDREN ONLY] _____ BIOIDX (V419) reports the number of entries (number of children) in the height and weight table. This number is typically equal to the number of births in the three (BIRTHSTOT3YR (V238)) or five (BIRTHSIN5YRS (V208) years before the survey. While there is, theoretically, no limit to the number of births recorded in BIRTHSTOT3YR and BIRTHSIN5YRS, BIOIDX is actually limited to the number of columns on the survey form that can be completed. In most cases, BIOIDX is capped at six. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 General maternal and infant health Variables -- TOPICS Times mother breastfed last child during previous night 432. How many times did you breastfeed last night between sunset and sunrise? IF ANSWER IS NOT NUMERIC, PROBE FOR APPROXIMATE ANSWER. NUMBER OF NIGHTTIME FEEDINGS _____ For women who gave birth in the last three to five years and whose last-born child is still breastfeeding, BFEEDNITE (V407) reports how many times the mother breastfed that child the previous night between sunset and sunrise. When women are the unit of analysis, IPUMS-DHS users may also use BRSFEDNITE_01 (M35_01), which reports how many times the woman breastfed her last-born child the previous night. When children are the unit of analysis, BFEEDNITE describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all young children of the mother to be coded the same way. Thus, a response of a certain number of times in BFEEDNITE does not necessarily indicate that a particular child whose record is being analyzed was breastfed that many times during the previous night. IPUMS-DHS users should instead employ, when available, the variable BRSFEDNITE (M35) to determine how many times the specific child under analysis was breastfed during the previous night. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40+ 96 On demand 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Times mother breastfed last child during previous day 433. How many times did you breastfeed yesterday during the daylight hours? IF ANSWER IS NOT NUMERIC, PROBE FOR APPROXIMATE ANSWER. NUMBER OF DAYTIME FEEDINGS _____ For women who gave birth in the last three to five years and whose last-born child is still breastfeeding, BFEEDAY (V408) reports how many times the mother breastfed that child the previous day during daylight hours. When women are the unit of analysis, IPUMS-DHS users may also use BRSFEDAY_01 (M36_01), which reports how many times the woman breastfed her last-born child the previous day during daylight hours. When children are the unit of analysis, BFEEDAY describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all young children of the mother to be coded the same way. Thus, a response of a certain number of times in BFEEDAY does not necessarily indicate that a child whose record is being analyzed was personally breastfed that many times during the previous day. IPUMS-DHS users should instead employ, when available, the variable BRSFEDAY (M36) to determine how many times the specific child under analysis was breastfed during the previous day. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40+ 95 On demand, non-numeric response 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Mother fed last-born child from bottle with nipple in last day or night 434. Did (NAME) drink anything from a bottle yesterday or last night? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 For women who gave birth in the last three to five years and whose last-born child is still alive, BOTTLE24H (V415) indicates whether the last-born child drank anything from a bottle with a nipple during the previous day and night. When women are the unit of analysis, IPUMS-DHS users may also use BRSFEDBOT_01 (M38_01), which also indicates whether the woman gave her last-born child anything from a bottle with a nipple during the previous day and night. When children are the unit of analysis, BOTTLE24H describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all young children of the mother to be coded the same way. If the mother reported that she fed her last-born child with a bottle with a nipple during the previous day or night, all of her children in the data are coded as "yes," including any children who have died or who live elsewhere. When children are the unit of analysis, a positive response in BOTTLE24H thus does not necessarily indicate that a particular child was actually fed with a bottle with a nipple during the previous day or night. IPUMS-DHS users should instead employ, when available, the variable BRSFEDBOT (M38) to determine whether the specific child in question actually drank anything from a bottle with a nipple during the previous day and night. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Woman currently breastfeeding any child 428. Are you still breastfeeding (NAME)? YES 1 (GO TO 432) NO 2 BFEEDANYNOW (V404) indicates whether the woman is currently breastfeeding. If no child was born in the last three to five years, the respondent is assumed to not be breastfeeding. When children or births are the unit of analysis, this variable describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all children of the mother to be coded the same way. This variable has some variation in how current breastfeeding is determined. See Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 9 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS When mother first put last-born child to breast 426. How long after birth did you first put (NAME) to the breast? IF LESS THAN 1 HOUR, RECORD '00' HOURS. IF LESS THAN 24 HOURS, RECORD HOURS. OTHERWISE, RECORD DAYS. IMMEDIATELY 000 HOURS 1 _____ DAYS 2 _____ For women who gave birth in the last three to five years and breastfed their last-born child, BFEEDST (V426) reports the length of time between the birth and when the woman first breastfed her last-born child. Following DHS convention, intervals reported in hours are coded with a "1" in the first digit, and intervals reported in days are coded with a "2" in the first digit. When women are the unit of analysis, IPUMS-DHS users may also use BRSFEDST_01 (M34_1), which also reports the length of time between the birth and when the woman first breastfed her child (for the last birth). When children are the unit of analysis, BFEEDST describes a characteristic of the mother, which causes all young children of the mother to be coded the same way. Thus, a response of a certain number of hours or days in BFEEDST does not necessarily indicate that a particular child whose record is being analyzed was first breastfed after that amount of time. IPUMS-DHS users should instead employ, when available, the variable BRSFEDST (M34) to determine the length of time between the specific child's birth and when that child was first breastfed. 000 Immediately 100 Within first hour 101 1 hour 102 2 hours 103 3 hours 104 4 hours 105 5 hours 106 6 hours 107 7 hours 108 8 hours 109 9 hours 110 10 hours 111 11 hours 112 12 hours 113 13 hours 114 14 hours 115 15 hours 116 16 hours 117 17 hours 118 18 hours 119 19 hours 120 20 hours 121 21 hours 122 22 hours 123 23 hours 124 24 hours 125 25 hours 126 26 hours 127 27 hours 128 28 hours 129 29 hours 130 30 hours 131 31 hours 132 32 hours 133 33 hours 134 34 hours 135 35 hours 136 36 hours 137 37 hours 138 38 hours 139 39 hours 140 40 hours 141 41 hours 142 42 hours 143 43 hours 144 44 hours 145 45 hours 146 46 hours 147 47 hours 148 48 hours 149 49 hours 150 50 hours 151 51 hours 152 52 hours 153 53 hours 154 54 hours 155 55 hours 156 56 hours 157 57 hours 158 58 hours 159 59 hours 160 60 hours 161 61 hours 162 62 hours 163 63 hours 164 64 hours 165 65 hours 166 66 hours 167 67 hours 168 68 hours 169 69 hours 170 70 hours 171 71 hours 172 72 hours 173 73 hours 174 74 hours 175 75 hours 176 76 hours 177 77 hours 178 78 hours 179 79 hours 180 80 hours 181 81 hours 182 82 hours 183 83 hours 184 84 hours 185 85 hours 186 86 hours 187 87 hours 188 88 hours 189 89 hours 190 90 hours 199 Hours: Number missing 200 Within first day 201 1 day 202 2 days 203 3 days 204 4 days 205 5 days 206 6 days 207 7 days 208 8 days 209 9 days 210 10 days 211 11 days 212 12 days 213 13 days 214 14 days 215 15 days 216 16 days 217 17 days 218 18 days 219 19 days 220 20 days 221 21 days 222 22 days 223 23 days 224 24 days 225 25 days 226 26 days 227 27 days 228 28 days 229 29 days 230 30 days 231 31 days 232 32 days 233 33 days 234 34 days 235 35 days 236 36 days 237 37 days 238 38 days 239 39 days 240 40 days 241 41 days 242 42 days 243 43 days 244 44 days 245 45 days 246 46 days 247 47 days 248 48 days 249 49 days 250 50 days 251 51 days 252 52 days 253 53 days 254 54 days 255 55 days 256 56 days 257 57 days 258 58 days 259 59 days 260 60 days 261 61 days 262 62 days 263 63 days 264 64 days 265 65 days 266 66 days 267 67 days 268 68 days 269 69 days 270 70 days 271 71 days 272 72 days 273 73 days 274 74 days 275 75 days 276 76 days 277 77 days 278 78 days 279 79 days 280 80 days 281 81 days 282 82 days 283 83 days 284 84 days 285 85 days 286 86 days 287 87 days 288 88 days 289 89 days 290 90 days 299 Days: Number missing 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Breastfeeding and infant feeding Variables -- TOPICS Heard of ORS for diarrhea treatment 470. Have you ever heard of a product called ORS/OVIDA you can get for the treatment of diarrhea? YES 1 NO 2 DIATRORSHEARD (V416) indicates whether the woman ever heard of using an oral rehydration solution (ORS) to treat diarrhea. ORS generally consists of drinking water with the addition of sugar and salt (in a homemade solution) or a commercial mixture of salt, glucose, potassium chloride, and sodium bicarbonate added to clean water. 10 No 20 Yes 21 Used ORS 22 Heard of ORS 23 Recognized ORS packet 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) ORS treatment Variables -- TOPICS Amount children should be given to eat with diarrhea 466. When a child has diarrhea, should he/she be given less than usual to eat, about the same amount as usual, or more than usual? LESS TO EAT 1 ABOUT THE SAME 2 MORE TO EAT 3 DOESN'T KNOW 8 DIASHOULDEAT (V449) reports the respondent's beliefs about the amount of food a child with diarrhea should be given (more, less, or same amount as usual). 1 Less to eat 2 Same amount to eat 3 More to eat 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Amount children should be given to drink with diarrhea 465. When a child has diarrhea, should he/she be given less than usual to drink, about the same amount as usual, or more than usual? LESS TO DRINK 1 ABOUT THE SAME 2 MORE TO DRINK 3 DOESN'T KNOW 8 DIASHOULDRINK (V448) reports the respondent's beliefs about the amount of fluid a child with diarrhea should be given (more, less, or same amount as usual). 1 Less to drink 2 Same amount to drink 3 More to drink 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Repeated watery stools 467. When a child suffers from diarrhea, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. REPEATED LIQUID STOOLS A LIQUID STOOLS B REPEATED VOMITING C VOMITING D BLOOD IN STOOL E FEVER F PRONOUNCED THIRST G DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z DIATRREPWATERY indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that repeated watery stools indicated a child sick with diarrhea should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, repeated watery stools 8 Missing Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Any watery stools 467. When a child suffers from diarrhea, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. REPEATED LIQUID STOOLS A LIQUID STOOLS B REPEATED VOMITING C VOMITING D BLOOD IN STOOL E FEVER F PRONOUNCED THIRST G DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z DIATRANYWATERY (V450B) indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that any watery stools indicated a child sick with diarrhea should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, any watery stools 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Repeated vomiting 467. When a child suffers from diarrhea, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. REPEATED LIQUID STOOLS A LIQUID STOOLS B REPEATED VOMITING C VOMITING D BLOOD IN STOOL E FEVER F PRONOUNCED THIRST G DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z DIATRREPVOMIT (V450C) indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that repeated vomiting indicated a child sick with diarrhea should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, repeated vomiting 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Any vomiting 467. When a child suffers from diarrhea, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. REPEATED LIQUID STOOLS A LIQUID STOOLS B REPEATED VOMITING C VOMITING D BLOOD IN STOOL E FEVER F PRONOUNCED THIRST G DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z DIATRANYVOMIT indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that any vomiting indicated a child sick with diarrhea should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, any vomiting 8 Missing Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Blood in stools 467. When a child suffers from diarrhea, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. REPEATED LIQUID STOOLS A LIQUID STOOLS B REPEATED VOMITING C VOMITING D BLOOD IN STOOL E FEVER F PRONOUNCED THIRST G DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z DIATRBLOODST (V450E) indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, blood in stools indicated a child sick with diarrhea should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, blood in stools 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Fever 467. When a child suffers from diarrhea, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. REPEATED LIQUID STOOLS A LIQUID STOOLS B REPEATED VOMITING C VOMITING D BLOOD IN STOOL E FEVER F PRONOUNCED THIRST G DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z DIATRFEVER (V450F) indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that fever indicated a child sick with diarrhea should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, fever 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Marked thirst 467. When a child suffers from diarrhea, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. REPEATED LIQUID STOOLS A LIQUID STOOLS B REPEATED VOMITING C VOMITING D BLOOD IN STOOL E FEVER F PRONOUNCED THIRST G DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z DIATRTHIRST (V450G) indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that marked thirst indicated a child sick with diarrhea should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, marked thirst 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Not eating or drinking well 467. When a child suffers from diarrhea, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. REPEATED LIQUID STOOLS A LIQUID STOOLS B REPEATED VOMITING C VOMITING D BLOOD IN STOOL E FEVER F PRONOUNCED THIRST G DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z DIATRNOTEAT (V450H) indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that not eating or not drinking well indicated a child sick with diarrhea should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, not eating well 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Getting sicker or very sick 467. When a child suffers from diarrhea, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. REPEATED LIQUID STOOLS A LIQUID STOOLS B REPEATED VOMITING C VOMITING D BLOOD IN STOOL E FEVER F PRONOUNCED THIRST G DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z DIATRSICKER indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that the child getting sicker or being very sick from diarrhea indicated s/he should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, getting sicker 8 Missing Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Not getting better 467. When a child suffers from diarrhea, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. REPEATED LIQUID STOOLS A LIQUID STOOLS B REPEATED VOMITING C VOMITING D BLOOD IN STOOL E FEVER F PRONOUNCED THIRST G DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z DIATRNOTBETR (V450J) indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that not getting better indicated a child sick with diarrhea should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, not getting better 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Other 467. When a child suffers from diarrhea, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. REPEATED LIQUID STOOLS A LIQUID STOOLS B REPEATED VOMITING C VOMITING D BLOOD IN STOOL E FEVER F PRONOUNCED THIRST G DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z DIATROTHER (V450X) indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, some "other" indication that a child sick with diarrhea should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. The meaning of "other" depends on the specific responses included for a given survey. 0 No 1 Yes, other 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs diarrhea needs treatment: Don't know 467. When a child suffers from diarrhea, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. REPEATED LIQUID STOOLS A LIQUID STOOLS B REPEATED VOMITING C VOMITING D BLOOD IN STOOL E FEVER F PRONOUNCED THIRST G DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z DIATRDK indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that she did not know any signs that a child sick with diarrhea should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, don't know 8 Missing Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs cough needs treatment: Fast breathing 468. When a child suffers from a cough, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RAPID BREATHING A DIFFICULTY BREATHING B NOISY BREATHING C FEVER D UNABLE TO DRINK E DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z COUTRFASTBREATH indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that fast breathing indicated a child sick with a cough should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, fast breathing 8 Missing Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs cough needs treatment: Difficult breathing 468. When a child suffers from a cough, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RAPID BREATHING A DIFFICULTY BREATHING B NOISY BREATHING C FEVER D UNABLE TO DRINK E DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z COUTRDIFBREATH indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that difficulty breathing indicated a child sick with a cough should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, difficult breathing 8 Missing Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs cough needs treatment: Noisy breathing 468. When a child suffers from a cough, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RAPID BREATHING A DIFFICULTY BREATHING B NOISY BREATHING C FEVER D UNABLE TO DRINK E DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z COUTRNOISBREATH indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that noisy breathing indicated that a child sick with a cough should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, noisy breathing 8 Missing Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs cough needs treatment: Fever 468. When a child suffers from a cough, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RAPID BREATHING A DIFFICULTY BREATHING B NOISY BREATHING C FEVER D UNABLE TO DRINK E DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z COUTRFEVER indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that fever indicated a child sick with a cough should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, fever 8 Missing Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs cough needs treatment: Unable to drink 468. When a child suffers from a cough, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RAPID BREATHING A DIFFICULTY BREATHING B NOISY BREATHING C FEVER D UNABLE TO DRINK E DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z COUTRNOTDRINK indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that being unable to drink/nurse indicated a child sick with a cough should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, unable to drink 8 Missing Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs cough needs treatment: Not eat/drink 468. When a child suffers from a cough, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RAPID BREATHING A DIFFICULTY BREATHING B NOISY BREATHING C FEVER D UNABLE TO DRINK E DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z COUTRNOTEAT indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that not eating or not drinking well indicated a child sick with a cough should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, not eat/drink 8 Missing Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs cough needs treatment: Getting sicker 468. When a child suffers from a cough, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RAPID BREATHING A DIFFICULTY BREATHING B NOISY BREATHING C FEVER D UNABLE TO DRINK E DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z COUTRSICKER indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that the child getting sicker or being very sick from illness with a cough indicated the child should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, getting sicker 8 Missing Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs cough needs treatment: Not getting better 468. When a child suffers from a cough, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RAPID BREATHING A DIFFICULTY BREATHING B NOISY BREATHING C FEVER D UNABLE TO DRINK E DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z COUTRNOTBETR indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that not getting better indicated a child sick with a cough should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No 1 Yes, not getting better 8 Missing Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs cough needs treatment: Other 468. When a child suffers from a cough, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RAPID BREATHING A DIFFICULTY BREATHING B NOISY BREATHING C FEVER D UNABLE TO DRINK E DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z COUTROTHER indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, some "other" indication that a child sick with a cough should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. The meaning of "other" depends on the specific responses included for a given survey. 0 No 1 Yes, other 8 Missing Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Signs cough needs treatment: Don't know 468. When a child suffers from a cough, what are the signs/symptoms that let you know he/she should be brought to a health center or a health care professional? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. RAPID BREATHING A DIFFICULTY BREATHING B NOISY BREATHING C FEVER D UNABLE TO DRINK E DOESN'T EAT/DRINK WELL H BECOMES MORE SICK/VERY SICK I DOESN'T GET BETTER J OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ X DOESN'T KNOW Z COUTRDK indicates whether the woman respondent said, in response to an open-ended question, that she did not know any indication that a child sick with a cough should be taken to a health facility or health worker for treatment. 0 No, knows some sign 1 Yes, doesn't know any sign 8 Missing Beliefs about child treatment Variables -- TOPICS Code of person measuring children's height and weight 1011. NAME OF OPERATOR: _________ NAME OF ASSISTANT: ___________ For women who gave birth in the three to five years before the survey, BIOMEASCODE (V420) reports the code assigned to the person measuring their children's height and weight. Codes are sample-specific; a given numeric code in one sample refers to a different person than the same numeric code in another sample. Using the measurer and assistant measurer (BIOASSTMEASCODE (V421)) codes, researchers can evaluate whether the quality of responses (e.g., the number of "out of range" cases) depended on the person measuring the children. 99999 NIU (not in universe) 99998 Missing 99997 Don't know 99996 Inconsistent 99995 No living children under 5 Female biometrics, general Variables -- TOPICS Code of assistant measurer 1011. NAME OF OPERATOR: _________ NAME OF ASSISTANT: ___________ For women who gave birth in the three to five years before the survey, BIOASSTMEASCODE (V421) reports the code assigned to the assistant measurer of their children's height and weight. Codes are sample-specific; a given numeric code in one sample refers to a different person than the same numeric code in another sample. Using the measurer (BIOMEASCODE (V420)) and assistant measurer codes, researchers can evaluate whether the quality of responses (e.g., the number of "out of range" cases) depended on the person measuring the children. 9992 Child's mother 9993 Household member 9994 Other 9995 No living children under 5 9996 Inconsistent 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Female biometrics, general Variables -- TOPICS Weight of woman (kilos) 1008. WEIGHT (IN KILOGRAMS) KG ____ WEIGHTFEM (V437) reports the woman's weight as measured by DHS personnel. There is one implied decimal place in the weight. Dividing WEIGHTFEM by 10 will yield the woman's measured weight in kilograms. 9994 Not present 9995 Refused 9996 Other 9997 Out of plausible range 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Height of woman in centimeters 1006. HEIGHT (IN CENTIMETERS) CM _____ HEIGHTFEM (V438) reports the woman's height as measured by DHS personnel. HEIGHTFEM values are reported in millimeters, to preserve one centimeter decimal place without requiring the use of a decimal point. Dividing HEIGHTFEM by 10 will yield the woman's measured height in centimeters. 9994 Not present 9995 Refused 9996 Other 9997 Out of plausible range 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Height for age percentile for respondents to women's survey 1006. HEIGHT (IN CENTIMETERS) CM _____ BIOFHTAPCT (V439) reports the respondent's height-for-age percentile, based on smoothed percentile growth charts by age and sex developed by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control. The reference standard contains data for children up to age 18. For all women age 18 and over, the value for 215 months (17 years, 11 months) is used, based on the assumption that women are fully grown by age18. HEIGHTFEM (V438) reports the respondent's length or height as measured by DHS personnel. 9995 Flagged cases 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Height for age standard deviations from the reference median (for respondents to female survey) 1006. HEIGHT (IN CENTIMETERS) CM _____ BIOFHTASDRM (V440) reports the difference between the respondent's height and the median height of a reference population of the same age and sex, expressed in units equal to one standard deviation of the reference population's distribution. An anthropometry measure expressed in reference standard deviation units is also known as a Z-score. BIOFHTASDRM values are reported in units equal to 100 times the Z-score, to preserve two decimal places without requiring the use of a decimal point. Dividing BIOFHTASDRM by 100 will yield the height-for-age Z-score (HAZ) value. The reference standard contains data for children up to age 18. For all women age 18 and over, the value of 215 months (17 years, 11 months) is used, based on the assumption that women are fully grown by age 18. HEIGHTFEM (V438) reports the respondent's length or height, as measured by DHS personnel. The complementary DHS variable BIOFHTAPCT (V439) reports the respondent's height-for-age percentile within the same reference population used in BIOFHTASDRM. The complementary DHS variable BIOFHTAPCTRM (V441) reports the respondent's height-for-age as a percentage of the median of the same reference population. Unlike z-scores, percentiles do not allow comparison across age and sex and cannot assess longitudinal change in growth status. 9995 Flagged cases 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Height for Age percent of reference median for respondents to female survey 1006. HEIGHT (IN CENTIMETERS) CM _____ BIOFHTAPCTRM (V441) reports the respondent's height-for-age as a percent of the median height for a reference population of the same age and sex. For this variable, the reference population was developed by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control. The reference standard contains data for children up to age 18. For all women age 18 and over, the value of 215 months (17 years, 11 months) is used, based on the assumption that women are fully grown by age 18. HEIGHTFEM (V438) reports the respondent's length or height as measured by DHS personnel. The related variable BIOFHTAPCT (V439) reports the respondent's height-for-age percentile relative to smoothed percentile growth charts by age and sex, for the same reference population. 99995 Flagged cases 99998 Missing 99999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Weight for height percent of reference median (DHS) (respondents to women's survey) 1008. WEIGHT (IN KILOGRAMS) KG ____ BIOFWTHTRMDHS (V442) reports the respondent's weight-for-height as a percent of the median weight for a reference population of the same height. For this variable, the reference population was developed by the DHS Program. This index has been adjusted for pregnant women according to duration of pregnancy. The following variables report the respondent's weight for height as a percent of the median weight for different reference populations: BIOFWTHTRMFOG (V443) uses Metropolitan Life or Fogarty reference standards BIOFWTHTRMWHO (V444) uses WHO reference standards 99995 Flagged cases 99998 Missing 99999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Weight for height percent of reference median (MetLife or Fogarty) (respondents to women's survey) 1008. WEIGHT (IN KILOGRAMS) KG ____ BIOFWTHTRMFOG (V443) reports the respondent's weight-for-height as a percent of the median weight for a reference population of the same height. This variable uses the Metropolitan Life or Fogarty reference standard. This index has been adjusted for pregnant women according to duration of pregnancy. The following variables report the respondent's weight for height as a percent of the median weight for different reference populations: BIOFWTHTRMDHS (V442) uses a DHS reference standard BIOFWTHTRMWHO (V444) uses the WHO reference standard 99995 Flagged cases 99998 Missing 99999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Weight for height percent of reference median (WHO) (respondents to women's survey) 1008. WEIGHT (IN KILOGRAMS) KG ____ BIOFWTHTRMWHO (V444) reports the respondent's weight-for-height as a percent of the median weight for a reference population of the same height. This variable uses the World Health Organization (WHO) reference standard. This index has been adjusted for pregnant women according to duration of pregnancy. The following variables report the respondent's weight for height as a percent of the median weight for different reference populations: BIOFWTHTRMDHS (V442) uses a DHS reference standard BIOFWTHTRMFOG (V444) uses the Metropolitan Life or Fogarty reference standard 99995 Flagged cases 99998 Missing 99999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Weight for height standard deviations from the reference median (DHS) (respondents to female survey) 1008. WEIGHT (IN KILOGRAMS) KG ____ BIOFWTHTSDRM (V444A) reports the difference between the respondent's weight and the median weight of a reference population of the same height and sex, expressed in units equal to one standard deviation of the reference population's distribution. This variable uses a DHS reference standard. An anthropometry measure expressed in reference standard deviation units is also known as a Z-score. BIOFWTHTSDRM values are reported in units equal to 100 times the Z-score, to preserve two decimal places without requiring the use of a decimal point. Dividing BIOFWTHTSDRM by 100 will yield the height-for-age Z-score (HAZ) value. The complementary DHS variable BIOFWTHTPCTDHS (V442) reports weight-for-height percentiles within the same reference population. Unlike z-scores, percentiles do not allow comparison across age and sex and cannot assess longitudinal change in growth status; users are advised to consult anthropometry literature for further discussion. 9995 Flagged cases 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Body Mass Index (BMI) for respondents to the women's survey 1008. WEIGHT (IN KILOGRAMS) KG ____ BIOFBMI (V445) reports the female respondent's body mass index (BMI). BMI is an anthropometric measure relating weight to height, equal to body weight (kilograms) divided by height (meters) squared (W/(H^2)). Also known as the Quetelet Index, BMI is a measure of acute nutritional status, based on the Fogarty Metropolitan Life tables of ideal weight for height. The DHS Guide to Statistics offers the following guidelines for interpreting BMI scores for women age 15-49: Severely thin: less than 16.0 Moderately thin: 16.0 to 16.9 Mildly thin: 17.0 to 18.4 Normal: 18.5 to 24.9 Overweight: 25.0 to 29.9 Obese: 30.0 or more The original height and weight values used to calculate BMI are also included in IPUMS-DHS. WEIGHTFEM (V437) reports the respondent's weight in kilograms, as measured by DHS personnel; HEIGHTFEM (V438) reports the person's length or height in centimeters, as measured by DHS personnel. For an alternate measure of female nutrition, IPUMS-DHS users may also be interested in BIOFROHRER (V446), which reports the respondent's Rohrer's Index. This measure is equal to body weight (kilograms) divided by height (meters) cubed (W/(H^3)). 9995 Flagged cases 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Rohrer's index (mass/height cubed) (for respondents to female survey) 1008. WEIGHT (IN KILOGRAMS) KG ____ BIOFROHRER (V446) reports the respondent's Rohrer's Index. Rohrer's Index is an anthropometric measure relating weight to height, equal to body weight (kilograms) divided by height (meters) cubed (W/(H^3)). Rohrer's Index is a measure of acute nutritional status, and may be used as an alternative to Body Mass Index. The original height and weight values used to calculate Rohrer's Index are also included in IPUMS-DHS. WEIGHTFEM (V437) reports the respondent's weight in kilograms as measured by DHS personnel; HEIGHTFEM (V438) reports their length or height in centimeters as measured by DHS personnel. For an alternate measure of female nutrition, IPUMS-DHS users may also be interested in BIOFBMI (V445), which reports the respondent's Body Mass Index (BMI), which is equal to body weight (kilograms) divided by height (meters) squared (W/(H^2)). 9995 Flagged cases 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Result of measurement of the respondent 1010. RESULT FOR MOTHER MEASURED 1 ABSENT 3 REFUSED 4 OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ 6 RESULT FOR CHILDREN CHILD MEASURED 1 CHILD SICK 2 CHILD ABSENT 3 CHILD REFUSED 4 MOTHER REFUSED 5 OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ 6 BIOFWHYNOTMEAS (V447) indicates whether the respondent was measured for height and weight, or, if not, why she was not measured. All "Not measured" responses have a common first digit of "1," while the second digit reveals the reason (e.g., sick, not present, refused). 00 Measured 10 Not measured 11 Sick 12 Not present 13 Refused 14 Incapacitated 15 Technical problems 19 Other 20 No measurement found in household 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Female anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Whether and when this child's pregnancy wanted 405. At the time you became pregnant with (NAME), did you want to become pregnant then, did you want to wait until later, or did you not want to have any (more) children at all? THEN 1 (GO TO 407) LATER 2 NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 407) For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey, CHDESIRE (M10) indicates whether the child was wanted at the time of pregnancy, was wanted but later, or was not wanted at all. 1 Wanted then 2 Wanted later 3 No more wanted 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Time wanted to wait before pregnancy 406. How much longer would you have liked to wait? MONTHS 1 ____ YEARS 2 ____ DOESN'T KNOW 998 For children born in the three to five years before the survey to women who wanted to become pregnant later, CHDESIREL (M11) reports the length of time the mother would have wanted to wait for that pregnancy. Following DHS convention, intervals reported in weeks are coded with a "1" in the first digit, while intervals reported in years are coded with a "2" in the first digit. 100 MONTHS 101 1 month 102 2 months 103 3 104 4 105 5 106 6 107 7 108 8 109 9 110 10 111 11 112 12 113 13 114 14 115 15 116 16 117 17 118 18 119 19 120 20 121 21 122 22 123 23 124 24 125 25 126 26 127 27 128 28 129 29 130 30 131 31 132 32 133 33 134 34 135 35 136 36 137 37 138 38 139 39 140 40 141 41 142 42 143 43 144 44 145 45 146 46 147 47 148 48 149 49 150 50 151 51 152 52 153 53 154 54 155 55 156 56 157 57 158 58 159 59 160 60 161 61 162 62 163 63 164 64 165 65 166 66 167 67 168 68 169 69 170 70 171 71 172 72 173 73 174 74 175 75 176 76 177 77 178 78 179 79 180 80 181 81 182 82 183 83 184 84 185 85 186 86 187 87 188 88 189 89 190 90 191 91 192 92 193 93 194 94 195 95 196 96 197 97 198 98 199 Months, number unspecified 200 YEARS 201 1 year 202 2 years 203 3 204 4 205 5 206 6 207 7 208 8 209 9 210 10 211 11 212 12 213 13 214 14 215 15 216 16 217 17 218 18 219 19 220 20 221 21 222 22 223 23 224 24 225 25 226 26 227 27 228 28 229 29 230 30+ 299 Years, number unspecified 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Sex of child 214. Is (NAME) a boy or a girl? BOY 1 GIRL 2 KIDSEX (B4) reports the sex of the child. 1 Male 2 Female Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Child is alive 216. Is (NAME) still alive? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 219) KIDALIVE (B5) reports whether the child was alive or dead at the time of interview. 0 No 1 Yes Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Child's month of birth 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ KIDBIRTHMO (B1) reports the child's month of birth, according to the Gregorian calendar. 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Child's year of birth 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ KIDBIRTHYR (B2) reports the child's year of birth, according to the Gregorian calendar. 1948 1948 1949 1949 1950 1950 1951 1951 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 2017 2017 2018 2018 Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Completeness of information about child's age and date of birth 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ KIDAGEINFO (B10) reports the completeness of information about the child's age and date of birth. 01 Month, year, and day complete 02 Month and year complete 03 Year and season 04 Year, season, and age - month imputed 05 Year and age - month imputed 06 Year and age - year ignored 07 Month and age - year imputed 08 Year - age calculated, month imputed 09 Year - age and month imputed 10 Age - year calculated, month imputed 11 Age - year and month imputed 12 Month - age, year imputed 13 None - all imputed 96 Inconsistent 98 Missing Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Current age of child in years 217. IF ALIVE: How old was (NAME) at his/her last birthday? RECORD AGE IN COMPLETED YEARS. AGE IN YEARS _____ KIDCURAGE (B8) reports the current age of the child, in years, at the time of the survey. 00 Less than 1 year 01 1 year 02 2 years 03 3 years 04 4 years 05 5 years 06 6 years 07 7 years 08 8 years 09 9 years 10 10 years 11 11 years 12 12 years 13 13 years 14 14 years 15 15 years 16 16 years 17 17 years 18 18 years 19 19 years 20 20 years 21 21 years 22 22 years 23 23 years 24 24 years 25 25 years 26 26 years 27 27 years 28 28 years 29 29 years 30 30 years 31 31 years 32 32 years 33 33 years 34 34 years 35 35 years 36 36 years 37 37 years 38 38 years 39 39 years 40 40 years 41 41 years 42 42 years 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Child's date of birth (CMC) 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ KIDDOBCMC (B3) reports the century month code for the date of birth of the child. KIDDOBCMC (B3) is a 4-digit variable. Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Child's birth order number 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ KIDBORD (BORD) reports the birth order in which the child was born, from 1 to n, where 1 = the first child born to a mother, and the nth birth is the most recently born child. Up to 20 births could be reported by a woman. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Child is twin or single birth 213. Was (NAME) a single birth or part of a multiple birth? SING 1 MULT 2 KIDTWIN (B0) reports whether the child is a twin (or born in a multiple birth) or is a single birth. 10 Single birth/not a twin 20 Twin or multiple 21 1st of multiple births 22 2nd of multiple births 23 3rd of multiple births 24 4th of multiple births 25 5th of multiple births 26 6th of multiple births Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Child age at death (non-imputed) 219. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 _____ MONTHS 2 _____ YEARS 3 _____ For deceased children, KIDAGEDEATH (B6) reports the age of the child at death in days, months or years. The first digit of the codes indicates the time unit: 1 for days, 2 for months, 3 for years. 100 Days: Died on day of birth 101 1 day 102 2 days 103 3 days 104 4 days 105 5 days 106 6 days 107 7 days 108 8 days 109 9 days 110 10 days 111 11 days 112 12 days 113 13 days 114 14 days 115 15 days 116 16 days 117 17 days 118 18 days 119 19 days 120 20 days 121 21 days 122 22 days 123 23 days 124 24 days 125 25 days 126 26 days 127 27 days 128 28 days 129 29 days 130 30 days 131 31 days 132 32 days 133 33 days 134 34 days 135 35 days 136 36 days 137 37 days 138 38 days 139 39 days 140 40 days 141 41 days 142 42 days 143 43 days 144 44 days 145 45 days 198 Days, unknown 199 Days old, number missing 200 Months old: Month of birth 201 1 month 202 2 months 203 3 months 204 4 months 205 5 months 206 6 months 207 7 months 208 8 months 209 9 months 210 10 months 211 11 months 212 12 months 213 13 months 214 14 months 215 15 months 216 16 months 217 17 months 218 18 months 219 19 months 220 20 months 221 21 months 222 22 months 223 23 months 224 24 months 225 25 months 226 26 months 227 27 months 228 28 months 229 29 months 230 30 months 231 31 months 232 32 months 233 33 months 234 34 months 235 35 months 236 36 months 237 37 months 238 38 months 239 39 months 240 40 months 241 41 months 242 42 months 243 43 months 244 44 months 245 45 months 246 46 months 247 47 months 248 48 months 249 49 months 250 50 months 251 51 months 252 52 months 253 53 months 254 54 months 255 55 months 256 56 months 257 57 months 258 58 months 259 59 months 260 60 months 261 61 months 262 62 months 263 63 months 264 64 months 265 65 months 266 66 months 297 Months, inconsistent 298 Months, unknown 299 Months old, number missing 300 Years 301 1 year 302 2 years 303 3 years 304 4 years 305 5 years 306 6 years 307 7 years 308 8 years 309 9 years 310 10 years 311 11 years 312 12 years 313 13 years 314 14 years 315 15 years 316 16 years 317 17 years 318 18 years 319 19 years 320 20 years 321 21 years 322 22 years 323 23 years 324 24 years 325 25 years 326 26 years 327 27 years 328 28 years 329 29 years 330 30 years 331 31 years 332 32 years 333 33 years 334 34 years 335 35 years 336 36 years 337 37 years 338 38 years 339 39 years 340 40 years 397 Years old, number inconsistent 398 Years old, number unknown 399 Years old, number missing 997 Inconsistent 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Child's age at death in month (including imputed) 219. IF DEAD: How old was (NAME) when he/she died? IF '1 YEAR', PROBE: How many months was (NAME)? RECORD DAYS IF LESS THAN 1 MONTH; MONTHS IF LESS THAN TWO YEARS; OR YEARS. DAYS 1 _____ MONTHS 2 _____ YEARS 3 _____ For deceased children, KIDAGEDIEDIMP (B7) reports the age of the child at death in months (including imputed ages). 999 NIU (not in universe) Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Flags for reported age at death of child KIDAGEDEATHFLAG (B13) reports the type of problem, if any, found when editing responses about the child's age at death (in KIDAGEDEATH). A code of 0 indicates no problem with the original response. 0 No flag 1 Reported age places death after interview 2 Reported age less than reported duration breastfeeding 3 Reported age less than age given supplemental food 4 Reported age less than age first breastfed 5 Reported age before last vaccination 6 Reported age outside expected range for units 7 Reported age was imputed, units given 8 Reported age was imputed, units not given 9 NIU (not in universe) Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Child lives with female respondent or with others 218. IF ALIVE: Is (NAME) living with you? YES 1 NO 2 GO TO NEXT BIRTH. KIDLIVESWITH (B9) reports the person the child usually lives with (i.e., the child's mother or someone else). 10 Woman respondent 20 Elsewhere 21 With father 22 With other relative 23 With someone else 24 Child age 15+, lives elsewhere 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Length of preceding birth interval, in months 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey who are not the first-born, or the twin of the first-born, child, BIRTHINTPREMO (B11) indicates the preceding birth interval, or the length of time in months the child was born after the mother's previous birth (i.e., after the child's first older sibling). 005 5 004 4 003 3 002 2 001 1 000 0 998 Missing 006 6 007 7 008 8 009 9 010 10 011 11 012 12 013 13 014 14 015 15 016 16 017 17 018 18 019 19 020 20 021 21 022 22 023 23 024 24 025 25 026 26 027 27 028 28 029 29 030 30 031 31 032 32 033 33 034 34 035 35 036 36 037 37 038 38 039 39 040 40 041 41 042 42 043 43 044 44 045 45 046 46 047 47 048 48 049 49 050 50 051 51 052 52 053 53 054 54 055 55 056 56 057 57 058 58 059 59 060 60 061 61 062 62 063 63 064 64 065 65 066 66 067 67 068 68 069 69 070 70 071 71 072 72 073 73 074 74 075 75 076 76 077 77 078 78 079 79 080 80 081 81 082 82 083 83 084 84 085 85 086 86 087 87 088 88 089 89 090 90 091 91 092 92 093 93 094 94 095 95 096 96 097 97 098 98 099 99 100 100 101 101 102 102 103 103 104 104 105 105 106 106 107 107 108 108 109 109 110 110 111 111 112 112 113 113 114 114 115 115 116 116 117 117 118 118 119 119 120 120 121 121 122 122 123 123 124 124 125 125 126 126 127 127 128 128 129 129 130 130 131 131 132 132 133 133 134 134 135 135 136 136 137 137 138 138 139 139 140 140 141 141 142 142 143 143 144 144 145 145 146 146 147 147 148 148 149 149 150 150 151 151 152 152 153 153 154 154 155 155 156 156 157 157 158 158 159 159 160 160 161 161 162 162 163 163 164 164 165 165 166 166 167 167 168 168 169 169 170 170 171 171 172 172 173 173 174 174 175 175 176 176 177 177 178 178 179 179 180 180 181 181 182 182 183 183 184 184 185 185 186 186 187 187 188 188 189 189 190 190 191 191 192 192 193 193 194 194 195 195 196 196 197 197 198 198 199 199 200 200 201 201 202 202 203 203 204 204 205 205 206 206 207 207 208 208 209 209 210 210 211 211 212 212 213 213 214 214 215 215 216 216 217 217 218 218 219 219 220 220 221 221 222 222 223 223 224 224 225 225 226 226 227 227 228 228 229 229 230 230 231 231 232 232 233 233 234 234 235 235 236 236 237 237 238 238 239 239 240 240 241 241 242 242 243 243 244 244 245 245 246 246 247 247 248 248 249 249 250 250 251 251 252 252 253 253 254 254 255 255 256 256 257 257 258 258 259 259 260 260 261 261 262 262 263 263 264 264 265 265 266 266 267 267 268 268 269 269 270 270 271 271 272 272 273 273 274 274 275 275 276 276 277 277 278 278 279 279 280 280 281 281 282 282 283 283 284 284 285 285 286 286 287 287 288 288 289 289 290 290 291 291 292 292 293 293 294 294 295 295 296 296 297 297 298 298 299 299 300 300 301 301 302 302 303 303 304 304 305 305 306 306 307 307 308 308 309 309 310 310 311 311 312 312 313 313 314 314 315 315 316 316 317 317 318 318 319 319 320 320 321 321 322 322 323 323 324 324 325 325 326 326 327 327 328 328 329 329 330 330 331 331 332 332 333 333 334 334 335 335 336 336 337 337 338 338 339 339 340 340 341 341 342 342 343 343 344 344 345 345 346 346 347 347 348 348 349 349 350 350 351 351 352 352 353 353 354 354 355 355 356 356 357 357 358 358 359 359 360 360 361 361 362 362 363 363 364 364 365 365 999 NIU (not in universe) Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Length of following birth interval, in months 215. In what month and year was (NAME) born? PROBE: What is his/her birthday? OR: What season was (NAME) born in? MONTH _____ YEAR _____ For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey who are not the last-born, or twin of the last-born, child, BIRTHINTPOSTMO (B12) indicates the succeeding birth interval, or the length of time in months the child was born before the mother's next birth (or before the child's first younger sibling). 999 NIU (not in universe) Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Interval between birth and previous birth is 4+ years 220. SUBTRACT THE BIRTH YEAR OF (NAME) FROM THE YEAR OF THE PREVIOUS BIRTH. IS THE DIFFERENCE FOUR OR MORE YEARS? [NOTE: ONLY FOR BIRTHS 2 AND AFTER.] YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO NEXT BIRTH) For second- and higher-order births, BINT4YR (B14) indicates whether the time interval between that birth and the preceding birth was four or more years. The survey form included the question, "Were there any other live births between (NAME OF PREVIOUS BIRTH) and (NAME), including any children who died?" and left room to record the month and year of each birth. The DHS Recode Manual for Phase III describes how the calculation of the birth interval reported in this variable was done: This calculation is performed by the interviewer, purely in terms of years, ignoring the month of birth of each of the children. For example, a birth in April 1988 would be categorized as being four or more years after a birth in October 1984, even though there is actually less than four years between the births. The DHS Recode Manuals for Phases III and IV add the following note explaining the rationale for BINT4YR (B14): Variables B14 and B15 are questions used in the interview to try and ascertain if the respondent had omitted any live births while reporting her birth history. The birth history may have been modified during the interviewing process, and the responses may not now correspond to the interval between the birth and the preceding birth recorded in this section. The data have been included to help indicate cases where the respondent may have omitted live births while originally reporting the birth history. The omitted births should be included in this final version of the birth history. The related variables BIRTHINTPREMO (B11) and BIRTHINTPOSTMO (B12) report the finalized numbers, in months, for the length of the birth intervals preceding and following a birth, respectively. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Don't know 9 NIU (not in universe) Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Any other live births in interval between birth and previous reported birth 221. Were there any other live births between (NAME OF PREVIOUS BIRTH) and (NAME)? [ONLY FOR BIRTHS 2 AND AFTER] YES 1 NO 2 OTHBIRTHININT (B15) indicates whether there were any other live births in the interval between this birth and the previously reported birth. The survey form included the question, "Were there any other live births between (NAME OF PREVIOUS BIRTH) and (NAME), including any children who died?" For DHS Phase III only, OTHBIRTHININT (B15) is limited to "Births for which the interval between the birth and the previously reported birth was four or more years (B14 =1)," according to the Recode Manuals. For later Phases, the universe is all second- and higher-order births. The DHS Recode Manuals include the following explanatory note about this variable: Variables B14 and B15 are questions used in the interview to try and ascertain if the respondent had omitted any live births while reporting her birth history. The birth history may have been modified during the interviewing process, and the responses may not now correspond to the interval between the birth and the preceding birth recorded in this section. The data have been included to help indicate cases where the respondent may have omitted live births while originally reporting the birth history. The omitted births should be included in this final version of the birth history. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Don't know 9 NIU (not in universe) Child demography core Variables -- TOPICS Age of child in months 1004. BIRTH DATE (ACCORDING TO 215, ASK FOR DATE OF BIRTH) [FOR CHILDREN ONLY] DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR _____ For surviving children born in the three to five years before the survey, KIDAGEMO (HW1) reports the child's age in months at the time of the mother's interview (and at the time of the height and weight measurement of the child). This information is useful for calculating child malnutrition indicators such as height-for-age (stunting) and weight-for-age (underweight). The DHS Recode manuals report that the child's age in months is calculated from the century month code of the date of interview minus the century month code of the date of birth of the child. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Child anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Child's weight in kilograms 1008. WEIGHT (IN KILOGRAMS) KG ____ For surviving children born in the three to five years before the survey, HWWEIGHT (HW2) reports the child's weight as measured by DHS personnel. HWWEIGHT values are reported in tenths of a kilogram, to preserve one kilogram decimal place without requiring the use of a decimal point. Dividing the HWWEIGHT value by 10 will yield the child's measured weight in kilograms. 9994 Not present 9995 Refused 9996 Other 9997 Weight out of range 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Child anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Child's height in centimeters 1006. HEIGHT (IN CENTIMETERS) CM _____ For surviving children born in the three to five years before the survey, HWHEIGHT (HW3) reports the child's height as measured by DHS personnel. HWHEIGHT values are reported in millimeters, to preserve one centimeter decimal place without requiring the use of a decimal point. Dividing HWHEIGHT by 10 will yield the child's measured height in centimeters. In most surveys, HWHEIGHT was measured as a standing height for children at least 24 months old and as a recumbent length (with the child lying down) for children less than 24 months old, following WHO guidelines. As the DHS recode manuals note, however, there may be discrepancies between policy and practice with respect to this protocol. The related variable HWHTHOWMEAS indicates whether the child's height was measured as a recumbent length or a standing height, and is available for most surveys from Phase 2 forward. 9994 Not present 9995 Refused 9996 Other 9997 Out of range 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Child anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Index to birth history, for child measurement 1002. LINE NUMBER ACCORDING TO 212. [FOR CHILDREN ONLY] _____ HWINDEX (HWIDX) reports the line number, in the birth history, of children under age 5 who were included in the health history of the women's questionnaire and who were potential subjects for height and weight measurement. The most recently born child would be coded 1, and the line number of the child should match the number in BIDX (index to birth history) and HIDX (index to children in health history). 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 9 NIU (not in universe) Child anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Weight for height percentile (CDC standards) 1008. WEIGHT (IN KILOGRAMS) KG ____ For surviving children born in the three to five years before the survey, HWWTHTPCT (HW10) reports the child's weight-for-height percentile, based on smoothed percentile growth charts by height and sex developed by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control. Low child weight-for-height, or "wasting," is an indicator of acute malnutrition. The 5th percentile on growth charts has often been used as a screening cutoff to identify infants and children at greater nutritional and health risk. HWWEIGHT (HW2) reports the child's weight as measured by DHS personnel. HWHEIGHT (HW3) reports the child's measured height in centimeters. The related variable KIDAGEMO (HW1) reports the child's age in months at the time of measurement. For an alternative measure of child wasting in terms of weight-for-height using the same reference population, see HWWHZNCHS (HW11). HWWHZNCHS reports the difference between the child's weight and the median weight of the CDC reference population of the same height and sex, expressed in units equal to one standard deviation of the reference population's distribution. 9997 Flagged cases 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Child anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Weight for height standard deviations from reference median (CDC) 1008. WEIGHT (IN KILOGRAMS) KG ____ For surviving children born in the three to five years before the survey, HWWHZNCHS (HW11) reports the difference between the child's weight and the median weight of a reference population of the same height and sex, expressed in units equal to one standard deviation of the reference population's distribution. An anthropometry measure expressed in reference standard deviation units is also known as a Z-score. HWWHZNCHS values are provided in units equal to 100 times the Z-score, to preserve two decimal places without requiring the use of a decimal point. Dividing HWWHZNCHS by 100 will yield a child's weight-for-height Z-score (WHZ) value. Low child weight-for-height, or "wasting," is an indicator of acute malnutrition. The WHO Global Database on Child Growth and Malnutrition [URL omitted from DDI.] considers a weight-for-height Z-score (WHZ) between -2 and -3 to represent moderate acute malnutrition, and WHZ below -3 to represent severe acute malnutrition. Reference populations used to generate HWWHZNCHS draw from 1978 U.S. CDC National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) international growth reference [URL omitted from DDI.] data. This reference was considered standard by WHO until the 2006 release of the WHO Multicenter Growth Reference Study (MGRS), which generated new standard anthropometry curves using a globally diverse reference population intended to reflect healthy growth conditions. DHS has continued to release child anthropometric variables using NCHS/CDC 1978 reference populations, to preserve comparability with samples preceding the 2006 WHO MGRS release. DHS has also created anthropometric Z-score variables using WHO MGRS 2006 reference populations. The variable HWWHZWHO (HW72) uses WHO MGRS 2006 reference populations to generate weight-for-height Z-scores. This variable was generated for all DHS samples including the necessary anthropometric measurements, including those preceding 2006. HWWEIGHT (HW2) reports the child's weight as measured by DHS personnel, and HWHEIGHT (HW3) reports the child's length or height as measured by DHS personnel. See HWHEIGHT (HW3) and HWHTHOWMEAS (HW15) for specifics on child length/height measurement. The complementary DHS variable HWWTHTPCT (HW10) reports the child's weight-for-height percentile within the same reference population used in HWWHZNCHS. The complementary DHS variable HWWTHTPCTRM (HW12) reports the child's weight-for-height as a percentage of the median of the same reference population. Unlike z-scores, percentiles do not allow comparison across age and sex and cannot assess longitudinal change in growth status; users are advised to consult anthropometry literature [URL omitted from DDI.] for further discussion. 9997 Flagged cases 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Child anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Weight for height percent of reference median (CDC standards) 1008. WEIGHT (IN KILOGRAMS) KG ____ For surviving children born in the three to five years before the survey, HWWTHTPCTRM (HW12) reports the child's weight-for-height as a percent of the median weight in growth charts by height and sex developed by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control. Low child weight-for-height, or "wasting," is an indicator of acute malnutrition. The 5th percentile on growth charts has often been used as a screening cutoff to identify infants and children at greater nutritional and health risk. HWWEIGHT (HW2) reports the child's weight as measured by DHS personnel. HWHEIGHT (HW3) reports the child's measured height in centimeters. The related variable KIDAGEMO (HW1) reports the child's age in months at the time of measurement. For an alternative measure of child wasting in terms of weight-for-height using the same reference population, see HWWHZNCHS (HW11). HWWHZNCHS reports the difference between the child's weight and the median weight of the CDC reference population of the same height and sex, expressed in units equal to one standard deviation of the reference population's distribution. 99997 Flagged cases 99998 Missing 99999 NIU (not in universe) Child anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Weight for age percentile (CDC standards) 1008. WEIGHT (IN KILOGRAMS) KG ____ For surviving children born in the three to five years before the survey, HWWTAPCT (HW7) reports the child's weight-for-age percentile, based on smoothed percentile growth charts by age and sex developed by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control. Low child weight-for-age, or "underweight," is an indicator of chronic and/or acute malnutrition. The 5th percentile on growth charts has often been used as a screening cutoff to identify infants and children at greater nutritional and health risk. HWWEIGHT (HW2) reports the child's weight as measured by DHS personnel. The related variable KIDAGEMO (HW1) reports the child's age in months at the time of measurement. For an alternative measure of child wasting in terms of weight-for-age using the same reference population, see HWWAZNCHS (HW8). HWWAZNCHS reports the difference between the child's weight and the median weight of the CDC reference population of the same age and sex, expressed in units equal to one standard deviation of the reference population's distribution. 9997 Flagged cases 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Child anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Weight for age standard deviations from reference median (CDC) 1008. WEIGHT (IN KILOGRAMS) KG ____ For surviving children born in the three to five years before the survey, HWWAZNCHS (HW8) reports the difference between the child's weight and the median weight of a reference population of the same age and sex, expressed in units equal to one standard deviation of the reference population's distribution. An anthropometry measure expressed in reference standard deviation units is also known as a Z-score. HWWAZNCHS values are provided in units equal to 100 times the Z-score, to preserve two decimal places without requiring the use of a decimal point. Dividing HWWAZNCHS by 100 will yield a child's weight-for-age Z-score (WAZ) value. Low child weight-for-age, or "underweight," is a composite indicator of acute and/or chronic malnutrition. The WHO Global Database on Child Growth and Malnutrition [URL omitted from DDI.] considers a weight-for-age Z-score (WAZ) between -2 and -3 to represent moderate malnutrition, and WAZ below -3 to represent severe malnutrition. Reference populations used to generate HWWAZNCHS draw from 1978 U.S. National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) international growth reference [URL omitted from DDI.] data. This reference was considered standard by WHO until the 2006 release of the WHO Multicenter Growth Reference Study (MGRS), which generated new standard anthropometry curves using a globally diverse reference population intended to reflect healthy growth conditions. DHS has also created anthropometric Z-score variables using WHO MGRS 2006 reference populations. HWWAZWHO (HW71) uses WHO MGRS 2006 reference populations to generate weight-for-age Z-scores. This variable was generated for all samples including the necessary anthropometric measurements, including those preceding 2006. HWWEIGHT (HW2) reports the child's weight in kilograms as measured by DHS personnel. KIDAGEMO (HW1) reports the child's age in months at the time of measurement. 9997 Flagged cases 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Child anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Weight for age percent of the reference median (CDC standards) 1008. WEIGHT (IN KILOGRAMS) KG ____ For surviving children born in the three to five years before the survey, HWWTAPCTRM (HW9) reports the child's weight-for-age as a percent of the median weight for a reference population of the same age and sex. For this variable, the reference population was developed by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control. Low child weight-for-age, or "underweight," is an indicator of acute and/or chronic malnutrition, HWWEIGHT (HW2) reports the child's weight as measured by DHS personnel. The related variable KIDAGEMO (HW1) reports the child's age in months at the time of measurement. The similar variable HWWTAPCT (HW7) reports the child's weight-for-age percentile relative to smoothed percentile growth charts by age and sex, for the same reference population. For an alternative measure of child stunting in terms of weight-for-age and using the same reference population, see HWWAZNCHS (HW8). HWWAZNCHS reports the difference between the child's height and the median weight of the CDC reference population of the same age and sex, expressed in units equal to one standard deviation of the reference population's distribution. 99998 Missing 99999 NIU (not in universe) 99997 Flagged cases Child anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Height for Age percentile (CDC standards) 1006. HEIGHT (IN CENTIMETERS) CM _____ For surviving children born in the three to five years before the survey, HWHTAPCT (HW4) reports the child's height-for-age percentile, based on smoothed percentile growth charts by age and sex developed by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control. Low child height-for-age, or "stunting," is an indicator of chronic malnutrition, The 5th percentile on growth charts has often been used as a screening cutoff to identify infants and children at greater nutritional and health risk. HWHEIGHT (HW3) reports the child's length or height as measured by DHS personnel. See this variable and HWHTHOWMEAS (HW15) for specifics on child length/height measurement. The related variable KIDAGEMO (HW1) reports the child's age in months at the time of measurement. For an alternative measure of child stunting in terms of height-for-age for the same reference population, see HWHAZNCHS (HW5). HWHAZNCHS reports the difference between the child's height and the median height of the CDC reference population of the same age and sex, expressed in units equal to one standard deviation of the reference population's distribution. 9997 Flagged cases 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Child anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Height for age standard deviations from reference median (CDC) 1006. HEIGHT (IN CENTIMETERS) CM _____ For surviving children born in the three to five years before the survey, HWHAZNCHS (HW5) reports the difference between the child's height and the median height of a reference population of the same age and sex, expressed in units equal to one standard deviation of the reference population's distribution. An anthropometry measure expressed in reference standard deviation units is also known as a Z-score. HWHAZNCHS values are reported in units equal to 100 times the Z-score, to preserve two decimal places without requiring the use of a decimal point. Dividing HWHAZNCHS by 100 will yield a child's height-for-age Z-score (HAZ) value. Low child height-for-age, or "stunting," is an indicator of chronic malnutrition. The WHO Global Database on Child Growth and Malnutrition [URL omitted from DDI.] considers a height-for-age Z-score (HAZ) between -2 and -3 to represent moderate chronic malnutrition, and HAZ scores below -3 to represent severe chronic malnutrition. Reference populations used to generate HWHAZNCHS draw from 1978 U.S. CDC National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) international growth reference [URL omitted from DDI.] data. This reference was considered standard by WHO until the 2006 release of the WHO Multicenter Growth Reference Study (MGRS), which generated new standard anthropometry curves using a globally diverse reference population intended to reflect healthy growth conditions. DHS has continued to release anthropometric variables using NCHS/CDC 1978 reference populations, to preserve comparability with samples preceding the 2006 WHO MGRS release. DHS has also created anthropometric Z-score variables using WHO MGRS 2006 reference populations. The variable HWHAZWHO (HC70) uses WHO MGRS 2006 reference populations to generate height-for-age Z-scores. This variable was generated for all DHS samples including the necessary anthropometric measurements, including those preceding 2006. HWHEIGHT (HW3) reports the child's length or height as measured by DHS personnel. See this variable and HWHTHOWMEAS (HW15) for specifics on child length/height measurement. The related variable KIDAGEMO (HW1) reports the child's age in months at the time of measurement. The complementary DHS variable HWHTAPCT (HW4) reports the child's height-for-age percentile within the same reference population used in HWHAZNCHS. The complementary DHS variable HWHTAPCTRM (HW9) reports the child's height-for-age as a percentage of the median of the same reference population. Unlike z-scores, percentiles do not allow comparison across age and sex and cannot assess longitudinal change in growth status; users are advised to consult anthropometry literature [URL omitted from DDI.] for further discussion. 9997 Flagged cases 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Child anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Height for age percent of reference median (CDC standards) 1006. HEIGHT (IN CENTIMETERS) CM _____ For surviving children born in the three to five years before the survey, HWHTAPCTRM (HW6) reports the child's height-for-age as a percent of the median height for a reference population of the same age and sex. For this variable, the reference population was developed by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control. Low child height-for-age, or "stunting," is an indicator of chronic malnutrition, HWHEIGHT (HW3) reports the child's length or height as measured by DHS personnel. See this variable and HWHTHOWMEAS (HW15) for specifics on child length/height measurement. The related variable KIDAGEMO (HW1) reports the child's age in months at the time of measurement. The similar variable HWHTAPCT (HW4) reports the child's height-for-age percentile relative to smoothed percentile growth charts by age and sex, for the same reference population. For an alternative measure of child stunting in terms of height-for-age, see HWHAZNCHS (HW5). HWHAZNCHS reports the difference between the child's height and the median height of the CDC reference population of the same age and sex, expressed in units equal to one standard deviation of the reference population's distribution. 99997 Flagged cases 99998 Missing 99999 NIU (not in universe) Child anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Whether child measured, and, if not, why not 1010. RESULT FOR MOTHER MEASURED 1 ABSENT 3 REFUSED 4 OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ 6 RESULT FOR CHILDREN CHILD MEASURED 1 CHILD SICK 2 CHILD ABSENT 3 CHILD REFUSED 4 MOTHER REFUSED 5 OTHER (SPECIFY) ____ 6 HWWHYNOTMEAS (HW13) indicates whether the child was measured for height and weight or, if not, why the child was not measured. All "no" responses have a common first digit of "2," while the second digit reveals the reason (e.g., consent refused, dead, sick). 10 Measured 20 Not measured 21 Dead 22 Sick 23 Not present 24 Refused 25 Mother refused 26 Child asleep 27 Other 97 No measurement found in household 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Child anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS BCG scar from TB vaccination seen 1005. TB VACCINE SCAR ON THE TOP OF LEFT SHOULDER. [FOR CHILDREN ONLY] SCAR SEEN 1 SCAR NOT SEEN 2 HWBCGSCAR (HW14) indicates whether DHS personnel saw a BCG (anti-tuberculosis) vaccination scar on the child's arm or shoulder when measuring height and weight. Direct information on whether the child received a BCG vaccination, based on the child's immunization card or the mother's report, is reported in VACBCG. 0 No scar 1 Scar seen 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Child's height measured lying down or standing up 1006. HEIGHT (IN CENTIMETERS) CM _____ HWHTHOWMEAS (HW15) reports whether the height of children under age 5 was measured when they were lying down or standing up. According to the DHS Recode Manuals: In DHS surveys, children aged less than 24 months are to be measured lying down, children 24 months or older are to be measured standing up. There may, however, be a considerable discrepancy between policy and practice! 0 Not measured 1 Lying down 2 Standing up 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) 6 Inconsistent Child anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Child's day of birth 1004. BIRTH DATE (ACCORDING TO 215, ASK FOR DATE OF BIRTH) [FOR CHILDREN ONLY] DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR _____ For surviving children born in the three to five years before the survey, HWDAYOFBIRTH (HW16) reports the day of the month on which the child was born. The DHS recode manuals for Phase 2 forward report that the day of birth of the child is used in conjunction with the date of measurement of the child to more finely calculate the age of the child in days when computing anthropometric measures. This level of accuracy can be important in very young children. The age of the child calculated from the day of birth information is not used as a background characteristic for tabulations, but purely to produce a more accurate set of anthropometric measures. DHS analysis thus uses HWDAYOFBIRTH and the date of the child's height and weight measurement to precisely calculate child malnutrition indicators such as height-for-age (stunting) and weight-for-age (underweight) Z-scores. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Child anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Day of measurement INTERVIEWER VISITS INTERVIEW ONE (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD INTERVIEWS) DATE ____ INTERVIEWER'S NAME ____ For surviving children born in the three to five years before the survey, HWDAYMEAS (HW17) indicates the day of the month on which the child's height and weight were measured by DHS personnel. The child's age in days on the day of measurement is used in DHS calculations of anthropometric Z-scores. The complementary variables HWMONTHMEAS and HWYEARMEAS report the month and the year, respectively, of the child's height and weight measurement. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Child anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Month of measurement INTERVIEWER VISITS INTERVIEW ONE (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD INTERVIEWS) DATE ____ INTERVIEWER'S NAME ____ For surviving children born in the three to five years before the survey, HWMONTHMEAS (HW18) reports the month of the year during which the child's height and weight were measured by DHS personnel. The complementary variables HWDAYMEAS and HWYEARMEAS report the day (of the month) and the year, respectively, of the child's height and weight measurement. 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Child anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Year of measurement INTERVIEWER VISITS INTERVIEW ONE (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD INTERVIEWS) DATE ____ INTERVIEWER'S NAME ____ For surviving children born in the three to five years before the survey, HWYEARMEAS (HW19) reports the year during which the child's height and weight were measured by DHS personnel. The complementary variables HWDAYMEAS and HWMONTHMEAS report the day and the month, respectively, of the child's height and weight measurement. 2016 2016 2015 2015 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) 2017 2017 2018 2018 Child anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Height for age standard deviations from median (WHO) For surviving children born in the three to five years before the survey, HWHAZWHO (HW70) reports the difference between the child's height and the median height of a reference population of the same age and sex, expressed in units equal to one standard deviation of the reference population's distribution. An anthropometry measure expressed in reference standard deviation units is also known as a Z-score. HWHAZWHO values are reported in units equal to 100 times the Z-score, to preserve two decimal places without requiring the use of a decimal point. Dividing HWHAZWHO by 100 will yield a child's height-for-age Z-score (HAZ) value. Low child height-for-age, or "stunting," is an indicator of chronic malnutrition. The WHO Global Database on Child Growth and Malnutrition [URL omitted from DDI.] considers a height-for-age Z-score (HAZ) between -2 and -3 to represent moderate chronic malnutrition, and HAZ below -3 to represent severe chronic malnutrition. Reference populations used to generate HWHAZWHO draw from the WHO Multicenter Growth Reference Study (MGRS) [URL omitted from DDI.] released in 2006, which defined new standard anthropometry curves using a globally diverse reference population intended to reflect healthy growth conditions. For DHS samples that preceded WHO MGRS release, DHS retroactively calculated height-for-age Z scores using WHO MGRS reference data. Prior to the WHO MGRS, DHS anthropometry reference populations drew from 1978 U.S. CDC National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) international growth reference [URL omitted from DDI.], which was the previous international standard reference. The DHS variable HWHAZNCHS reports the child's height-for-age Z-score value using the NCHS/CDC 1978 reference population. DHS has continued to release versions of all child anthropometric variables using NCHS/CDC 1978 reference populations, to preserve comparability with samples preceding the 2006 WHO MGRS release. HWHEIGHT (HW3) reports the child's length or height as measured by DHS personnel. See this variable and HWHTHOWMEAS (HW15) for specifics on child length/height measurement. The related variable KIDAGEMO (HW1) reports the child's age in months at the time of measurement. 9995 Height out of plausible limits 9996 Age in days out of plausible limits 9997 Flagged cases 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Child anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Weight for age standard deviations from median (WHO) For surviving children born in the three to five years before the survey, HWWAZWHO (HW71) reports the difference between the child's weight and the median weight of a reference population of the same age and sex, expressed in units equal to one standard deviation of the reference population's distribution. An anthropometry measure expressed in reference standard deviation units is also known as a Z-score. HWWAZWHO values are reported in units equal to 100 times the Z-score, to preserve two decimal places without requiring the use of a decimal point. Dividing HWWAZWHO by 100 will yield a child's weight-for-age Z-score (WAZ) value. Low child weight-for-age, or "underweight," is a composite indicator of acute and/or chronic malnutrition. The WHO Global Database on Child Growth and Malnutrition [URL omitted from DDI.] considers a weight-for-age Z-score (WAZ) between -2 and -3 to represent moderate malnutrition, and WAZ below -3 to represent severe malnutrition. Reference populations used to generate HWWAZWHO draw from the WHO Multicenter Growth Reference Study (MGRS) [URL omitted from DDI.] released in 2006, which defined new standard anthropometry curves using a globally diverse reference population intended to reflect healthy growth conditions. For DHS samples that preceded WHO MGRS release, DHS retroactively calculated weight-for-age Z scores using WHO MGRS reference data. Prior to the WHO MGRS, DHS anthropometry reference populations drew from 1978 U.S. CDC National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) international growth reference [URL omitted from DDI.] data, which was the previous international standard reference. The DHS variable HWWAZNCHS (HW8) reports the child's weight-for-age Z-score value using the NCHS/CDC 1978 reference population. DHS has continued to release versions of all child anthropometric variables using NCHS/CDC 1978 reference populations, to preserve comparability with samples preceding the 2006 WHO MGRS release. HWWEIGHT (HW2) reports the child's weight as measured by DHS personnel. KIDAGEMO (HW1) reports the child's age in months at the time of measurement. 9995 Height out of plausible limits 9996 Age in days out of plausible limits 9997 Flagged cases 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Child anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Weight for height standard deviations from median (WHO) For surviving children born in the three to five years before the survey, HWWHZWHO (HW72) reports the difference between the child's weight and the median weight of a reference population of the same height and sex, expressed in units equal to one standard deviation of the reference population's distribution. An anthropometry measure expressed in reference standard deviation units is also known as a Z-score. HWWHZWHO values are reported in units equal to 100 times the Z-score, to preserve two decimal places without requiring the use of a decimal point. Dividing HWWHZWHO by 100 will yield a child's weight-for-height Z-score (WHZ) value. Low child weight-for-height, or "wasting," is an indicator of acute malnutrition. The WHO Global Database on Child Growth and Malnutrition [URL omitted from DDI.] considers a weight-for-height Z-score (WHZ) between -2 and -3 to represent moderate acute malnutrition, and WHZ below -3 to represent severe acute malnutrition. Reference populations used to generate HWWHZWHO draw from the WHO Multicenter Growth Reference Study (MGRS) [URL omitted from DDI.] released in 2006, which defined new standard anthropometry curves using a globally diverse reference population intended to reflect healthy growth conditions. For DHS samples that preceded WHO MGRS release, DHS retroactively calculated weight-for-height Z scores using WHO MGRS reference data. Prior to the WHO MGRS, DHS anthropometry reference populations drew from 1978 U.S. CDC National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) international growth reference [URL omitted from DDI.] data, which was the previous international standard reference. The DHS variable HWWHZNCHS (H11) reports the child's weight-for-height Z-score value using the NCHS/CDC 1978 reference population. DHS has continued to release versions of all child anthropometric variables using NCHS/CDC 1978 reference populations, to preserve comparability with samples preceding the 2006 WHO MGRS release. HWWEIGHT (HW2) reports the child's weight in kilograms as measured by DHS personnel. HWHEIGHT (HW3) reports the child's length or height in centimeters as measured by DHS personnel. See HWHEIGHT and HWHTHOWMEAS (HW15) for specifics on child length/height measurement. 9995 Height out of plausible limits 9996 Age in days out of plausible limits 9997 Flagged cases 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Child anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Body Mass Index standard deviations (WHO) For surviving children born in the three to five years before the survey, HWBMIZWHO (HW73) reports the difference between the child's body mass index (BMI) and the median BMI of a reference population of the same age and sex, expressed in units equal to one standard deviation of the reference population's distribution. An anthropometry measure expressed in reference standard deviation units is also known as a Z-score. HWBMIZWHO values are reported in units equal to 100 times the Z-score, to preserve two decimal places without requiring the use of a decimal point. Dividing HWBMIZWHO by 100 will yield a child's BMI-for-age Z-score (BMIZ) value. BMI is an anthropometric measure relating weight to height, equal to body weight (kilograms) divided by height (meters) squared. Considered in relation to a reference population, child BMI-for-age is valuable for assessing either underweight or overweight status, and particularly useful in settings where child malnutrition and child obesity coexist. Reference populations used to generate HWBMIZWHO draw from the WHO Multicenter Growth Reference Study (MGRS) [URL omitted from DDI.] released in 2006, which defined new standard anthropometry curves using a globally diverse reference population intended to reflect healthy growth conditions. For DHS samples that preceded WHO MGRS release, DHS retroactively calculated BMI-for-age Z scores using WHO MGRS reference data. DHS does not calculate BMI-for-age measures using the reference populations that preceded WHO MGRS (the 1978 U.S. CDC National Center for Health Statistics International Growth Reference data). The original height and weight values used to calculate BMI are also included in the DHS. HWWEIGHT (HW2) reports the child's weight in kilograms as measured by DHS personnel; HWHEIGHT (HW3) reports the child's length or height in centimeters as measured by DHS personnel. See HWHEIGHT and HWHTHOWMEAS (HW15) for specifics on child length/height measurement. The related variable KIDAGEMO (HW1) reports the child's age in months at the time of measurement. 9995 Height out of plausible limits 9996 Age in days out of plausible limits 9997 Flagged cases 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Child anthropometry Variables -- TOPICS Received prenatal care 407. Did you see anyone for antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT C OTHER (SPECIFY) ___________ X NO ONE Y (GO TO 410) ANCARE indicates whether the child's mother received any antenatal care while the child was in utero. This variable is the inverse of ANCARENONE (M2N). 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Doctor gave prenatal care 407. Did you see anyone for antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT C OTHER (SPECIFY) ___________ X NO ONE Y (GO TO 410) ANCAREDOC (M2A) indicates whether a doctor gave the child's mother antenatal care while the child was in utero. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing 1 Yes 0 No Child antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Nurse/midwife gave prenatal care 407. Did you see anyone for antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT C OTHER (SPECIFY) ___________ X NO ONE Y (GO TO 410) ANCARENURM (M2B) indicates whether a nurse or midwife (categories combined or not distinguished) gave the child's mother antenatal care while the child was in utero. Some samples in the "ANCARE" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include separate categories for nurse and midwife that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category in ANCARENURM. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories included in this variable by country. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Traditional birth attendant gave prenatal care 407. Did you see anyone for antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT C OTHER (SPECIFY) ___________ X NO ONE Y (GO TO 410) ANCARETBA (M2G) indicates whether a traditional birth attendant gave the child's mother antenatal care while the child was in utero. Wording for this response category varied across samples. See Comparability. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Other person gave prenatal care 407. Did you see anyone for antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT C OTHER (SPECIFY) ___________ X NO ONE Y (GO TO 410) ANCAREOTH (M2K) indicates whether some other (unspecified) person gave the child's mother antenatal care while the child was in utero. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific categories included in a given sample. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Received no prenatal care 407. Did you see anyone for antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT C OTHER (SPECIFY) ___________ X NO ONE Y (GO TO 410) ANCARENONE (M2N) indicates whether the child's mother did not receive antenatal care while the child was in utero. The structure of the question varied across samples. See Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Timing of first antenatal visit for this pregnancy: Months 408. How many months pregnant were you when you first received antenatal care for this pregnancy? MONTHS ____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 For children born in the three to five years before the survey, and whose mothers received antenatal care while the child was in utero (ANCARE), ANVISMO (M13) indicates the timing of the mother's first antenatal visit during that pregnancy, in months from the start of the pregnancy. 00 Less than 1 month pregnant 01 1 month 02 2 months 03 3 months 04 4 months 05 5 months 06 6 months 07 7 months 08 8 months 09 9 months 10 10 months 11 11 months 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Child antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Number of antenatal visits when child was in utero 409. How many times did you receive antenatal care during this pregnancy? NUMBER OF TIMES _____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 For children born in the three to five years before the survey, ANVISNO (M14) reports the number of antenatal visits the mother had while the child was in utero. Children whose mothers did not see anyone for antenatal care during the pregnancy are coded 0. The related variable ANVISNOTOP20 supplies the same material with a consistently applied top-code of 20+ visits. 00 0 visits 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 (or 20+) 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 (or 30+) 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 80 80 88 88 90 90 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Child antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Number of antenatal visits when child was in utero, topcoded at 20 409. How many times did you receive antenatal care during this pregnancy? NUMBER OF TIMES _____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 For children born in the three to five years before the survey, ANVISNOTOP20 reports the number of antenatal visits the mother had while the child was in utero, with values topcoded at 20+ visits. Children whose mothers did not see anyone for antenatal care during the pregnancy are coded 0. The related variable ANVISNO supplies the same material without imposing a consistent topcode. 00 0 visits 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20+ 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Child antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Number of tetanus injections before birth 410. During this pregnancy, were you given an injection in the arm to prevent the baby from getting tetanus, that is, convulsions after birth? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 412) DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 412) For children born in the three to five years before the survey, ANTETNUSNO (M1) indicates whether, and how many, tetanus (toxicoid) injections were given to the mother while the child was in utero, to avoid convulsions after birth. For a similar variable that only reports whether a tetanus injection was received, see ANTETNUS. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7+ 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Child antenatal care, general Variables -- TOPICS Nurse gave prenatal care (Madagascar) 407. Did you see anyone for antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT C OTHER (SPECIFY) ___________ X NO ONE Y (GO TO 410) ANCAREMG1 indicates whether a nurse gave the child's mother antenatal care while the child was in utero. This response category is country-specific to Madagascar. Some samples in the "ANCARE" series include multiple categories that can be consolidated into a single broad response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, while also preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. ANCAREMG1 is combined with ANCAREMG2 (midwife) for the 1992 and 1997 Madagascar samples to create the standard variable ANCARENURM. IPUMS-DHS users interested in using ANCAREMG1 are encouraged to review ANCARENURM for this more comprehensive response category. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child antenatal care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Midwife gave prenatal care (Madagascar) 407. Did you see anyone for antenatal care for this pregnancy? IF YES: Whom did you see? Anyone else? PROBE TO IDENTIFY EACH TYPE OF PERSON AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT C OTHER (SPECIFY) ___________ X NO ONE Y (GO TO 410) ANCAREMG2 indicates whether a midwife gave the child's mother antenatal care while the child was in utero. This response category is country-specific to Madagascar. Some samples in the "ANCARE" series include multiple categories that can be consolidated into a single broad response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, while also preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. ANCAREMG2 is combined with ANCAREMG1 (nurse) for the 1992 and 1997 Madagascar samples to create the standard variable ANCARENURM. IPUMS-DHS users interested in using ANCAREMG2 are encouraged to review ANCARENURM for this more comprehensive response category. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child antenatal care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Size of child at birth (subjective report) 416. When (NAME) was born, was he/she very large, larger than average, average, smaller than average average, or very small? VERY LARGE 1 LARGER THAN AVERAGE 2 AVERAGE 3 SMALLER THAN AVERAGE 4 VERY SMALL 5 DOESN'T KNOW 8 For children born in the last three to five years, BIRTHSZ (M18) indicates the size of the child at birth, reported subjectively by the mother. 10 Larger than average 11 Very large 12 Larger than average 20 Average 30 Smaller than average 31 Smaller than average 32 Very small 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Child delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Birthweight in kilos 418. How much did (NAME) weigh? RECORD WEIGHT FROM HEALTH CARD, IF AVAILABLE. GRAMS FROM CARD 1 __________ GRAMS FROM MEMORY 2 __________ DOESN'T KNOW 99998 For children born in the three to five years before the survey, BIRTHWT (M19) reports the child's birthweight in kilos with three implied decimal places (or, alternatively stated, in grams with no decimal places). Children who were not weighed are coded 9996. 9995 9995+ 9996 Not weighed at birth 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Child delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Source of weight at birth (health card or recall) 418. How much did (NAME) weigh? RECORD WEIGHT FROM HEALTH CARD, IF AVAILABLE. GRAMS FROM CARD 1 __________ GRAMS FROM MEMORY 2 __________ DOESN'T KNOW 99998 For children born in the three to five years before the survey, BIRTHWTREF (M19A) indicates whether the child's reported weight at birth (BIRTHWT) was recorded from a health card or based on the mother's recall. Children who were not weighed at birth are coded 0. 0 Not weighed 1 From written card 2 From mother's recall 3 Other answers 7 Don't know 8 Missing Child delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Child delivered by caesarian section 415. Was (NAME) delivered by caesarean section? YES 1 NO 2 For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey, DELCESR (M17) indicates whether the child was born by caesarian section. Question wording varied somewhat across samples. See Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: Prolonged labor 414. When (NAME) was born, did you have any of the following problems: A long labor, that is, regular contractions that lasted more than 12 hours? YES 1 NO 2 So much blood loss that you thought your life was in danger? YES 1 NO 2 A high fever accompanied by bad-smelling vaginal discharge? YES 1 NO 2 Convulsions not caused by fever? YES 1 NO 2 For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey, DELPRLONG (M30) indicates whether the child's mother experienced prolonged labor, such as regular contractions lasting more than 12 hours. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: High fever 414. When (NAME) was born, did you have any of the following problems: A long labor, that is, regular contractions that lasted more than 12 hours? YES 1 NO 2 So much blood loss that you thought your life was in danger? YES 1 NO 2 A high fever accompanied by bad-smelling vaginal discharge? YES 1 NO 2 Convulsions not caused by fever? YES 1 NO 2 For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey, DELPROBFEV (M32) indicates whether the child's mother experienced a high fever with bad smelling vaginal discharge near the time of the child's birth. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: Excessive bleeding 414. When (NAME) was born, did you have any of the following problems: A long labor, that is, regular contractions that lasted more than 12 hours? YES 1 NO 2 So much blood loss that you thought your life was in danger? YES 1 NO 2 A high fever accompanied by bad-smelling vaginal discharge? YES 1 NO 2 Convulsions not caused by fever? YES 1 NO 2 For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey, DELPROBLE (M31) indicates whether the child's mother experienced excessive bleeding around the time of the child's birth. The definition of "excessive" bleeding was "so much that you feared that it threatened your life." 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Complications at delivery: Convulsions 414. When (NAME) was born, did you have any of the following problems: A long labor, that is, regular contractions that lasted more than 12 hours? YES 1 NO 2 So much blood loss that you thought your life was in danger? YES 1 NO 2 A high fever accompanied by bad-smelling vaginal discharge? YES 1 NO 2 Convulsions not caused by fever? YES 1 NO 2 For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey, DELPROCON (M33) indicates whether the child's mother experienced "convulsions not caused by fever" near the time of the child's birth. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Place child was delivered 412. Where did you give birth to (NAME)? HOME YOUR HOME 11 OTHER HOME 12 PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL 21 HEALTH CENTER 22 LOCAL HEALTH POST 23 OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) ______ 26 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC 31 OTHER PRIVATE MEDICAL (SPECIFY) ______ 36 OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ 96 For children born in the three to five years before the survey, DELPL (M15) reports where the child was delivered. Response categories vary across samples. See Comparability. 1000 HOME 1100 Respondent's home 1200 Respondent's parents' home 1300 Nurse/midwife's home 1400 TBA's home 1500 Community/village health worker's home 1900 Other home 2000 PUBLIC SECTOR 2100 Government hospital 2110 Referral/specialty hospital 2120 National/central hospital 2130 Provincial/regional hospital 2140 Urban hospital 2150 District/rural hospital 2151 District hospital 2152 Rural hospital 2160 University hospital 2170 Military hospital 2180 Day hospital 2200 Government health center 2210 Referral health center 2220 Community health center 2230 Urban health center 2240 Rural health center 2250 Integrated health center 2260 Family welfare center 2270 Primary health center 2280 Basic health center 2290 Sub-health center 2300 Government maternal and child health (MCH) center 2400 Government outreach 2410 Government health post 2411 Village health post 2412 Sub-health post 2413 Outreach clinic 2420 Government mobile clinic 2430 Government health worker 2431 Community based distribution (CBD) 2432 Field worker 2433 Community midwife 2500 Government dispensary 2600 Government family planning clinic 2900 Other public sector 2901 Health home 2902 Health station/clinic 2903 Health office 2904 Community clinic 3000 PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR 3100 Private hospital/clinic 3110 Private hospital 3111 Referral/specialty hospital 3112 District hospital 3113 Medical college hospital 3120 Private clinic 3121 Clinic 3122 Polyclinic 3200 Private doctor 3300 Private health center 3400 Private nursing/maternity home 3500 Private outreach 3510 Private mobile clinic 3520 Private health worker 3521 Nurse 3530 Private health post 3600 Private family planning clinic 3700 Private pharmacy/dispensary 3900 Other private medical sector 4000 NGO FACILITY 4100 NGO health facility 4110 Static clinic 4120 Red Cross facility 4130 Marie Stopes 4140 Refugee/NGO hospital 4200 Country-specific NGOs 4201 BLM 4202 CSI 4203 Egyptian family planning association (EFPA) 4900 Other NGO 5000 RELIGIOUS/MISSION 5100 Religious hospital/clinic 5110 Religious hospital 5111 Religious referral/specialty hospital 5112 Religious district hospital 5120 Religious clinic 5200 Religious health center/dispensary 5210 Religious health center 5220 Religious dispensary 5300 Religious health post 5900 Other religious/mission 6000 OTHER 6100 En route to provider 6200 Outside 6300 Abroad 9995 Other 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Child delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Doctor gave delivery care 413. Who assisted you with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE(S) OF PERSON(S) AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT D RELATIVE/FRIEND E OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ X NO ONE Y For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey, DELDOC (M3A) indicates whether a doctor assisted with the child's delivery. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Nurse/midwife gave delivery care 413. Who assisted you with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE(S) OF PERSON(S) AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT D RELATIVE/FRIEND E OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ X NO ONE Y For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey, DELNURM (M3B) indicates whether a nurse or midwife (categories combined or not distinguished) assisted with the child's delivery. Some samples in the "DEL" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, such as DELNURM, while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include separate categories for nurse and midwife that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories in this variable. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Child delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Traditional birth attendant gave delivery care 413. Who assisted you with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE(S) OF PERSON(S) AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT D RELATIVE/FRIEND E OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ X NO ONE Y For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey, DELTBA (M3G) indicates whether a traditional birth attendant assisted with the child's delivery. Wording for this response category varied across samples. See Comparability. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Relative gave delivery care 413. Who assisted you with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE(S) OF PERSON(S) AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT D RELATIVE/FRIEND E OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ X NO ONE Y For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey, DELREL (M3H) indicates whether a relative assisted with the child's delivery. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Other person gave delivery care 413. Who assisted you with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE(S) OF PERSON(S) AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT D RELATIVE/FRIEND E OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ X NO ONE Y For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey, DELOTH (M3K) indicates whether some other person assisted with the child's delivery. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific categories included in a given sample. Women could report more than one type of healthcare (or traditional) provider. 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Child delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS No one gave delivery care 413. Who assisted you with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE(S) OF PERSON(S) AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT D RELATIVE/FRIEND E OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ X NO ONE Y For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey, DELNONE (M3N) indicates whether no one assisted with the child's delivery. 0 No, received care 1 Yes, received no care 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child delivery care, general Variables -- TOPICS Nurse gave delivery care (Madagascar) 413. Who assisted you with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE(S) OF PERSON(S) AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT D RELATIVE/FRIEND E OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ X NO ONE Y For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey, DELMG1 indicates whether a nurse assisted with the child's delivery. This response category is country-specific to Madagascar. Some samples in the "DEL" series include multiple categories that can be consolidated into a single broad response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, while also preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. DELMG1 is combined with DELMG2 (midwife) for the 1992 and 1997 Madagascar samples to create the standard variable DELNURM. IPUMS-DHS users interested in using DELMG1 are encouraged to review DELNURM for this more comprehensive response category. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Child delivery care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Midwife gave delivery care (Madagascar) 413. Who assisted you with the delivery of (NAME)? Anyone else? PROBE FOR THE TYPE(S) OF PERSON(S) AND RECORD ALL MENTIONED. HEALTH PERSONNEL DOCTOR A NURSE B MIDWIFE C OTHER PERSON TRADITIONAL BIRTH ASSISTANT D RELATIVE/FRIEND E OTHER (SPECIFY) _______ X NO ONE Y For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey, DELMG2 indicates whether a midwife assisted with the child's delivery. This response category is country-specific to Madagascar. Some samples in the "DEL" series include multiple categories that can be consolidated into a single broad response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, while also preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. DELMG2 is combined with DELMG1 (nurse) for the 1992 and 1997 Madagascar samples to create the standard variable DELNURM. IPUMS-DHS users interested in using DELMG2 are encouraged to review DELNURM for this more comprehensive response category. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Child delivery care, CS Variables -- TOPICS Duration of mother's postpartum abstinence 423. Have you begun to have sexual intercourse again since the birth of (NAME)? [ONLY ASK FOR MOST RECENT BIRTH] YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 425) For children born in the three to five years before the survey, PPABMO (M8) indicates the duration, in months, of the mother's postpartum abstinence after the child was born. Children with mothers who were still abstaining at the time of interview were excluded from PPABMO, but they are included in the similar variable PPABMOC (M9). According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the maximum period allowed during the data editing was the interval between the date of birth of the child and the date of conception of the following child (with date of birth minus nine months used for the date of conception) or until the date of interview if there was no following birth. Cases exceeding this duration were left with the original response, but are coded with one of the flag codes on PPABFLAG (M29) and are coded as "Inconsistent" on PPABMOC. 93 Sex res/no duration 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 40 days 95 Still abstaining 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Child health postpartum Variables -- TOPICS Months of mother's postpartum abstinence (including women still abstaining) 423. Have you begun to have sexual intercourse again since the birth of (NAME)? [ONLY ASK FOR MOST RECENT BIRTH] YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 425) For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey, PPABMOC (M9) reports the calculated months of the child's mother's postpartum abstinence, including the duration for mothers who were still abstaining at the time of the interview. The similar variable PPABMO also reports the calculated months of postpartum abstinence but excludes women who were still abstaining when interviewed. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the maximum period allowed during the data editing was the interval between the date of birth of the child and the date of conception of the following child (with date of birth minus nine months used for the date of conception) or until the date of interview if there was no following birth. Cases exceeding this duration are coded with one of the flag codes on PPABFLAG and are coded as "Inconsistent" in PPABMOC. 60 60+ 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Child health postpartum Variables -- TOPICS Flag variable for mother's postpartum abstinence PPABFLAG (M29) is a flag variable reporting the type of problem found when editing responses about the duration of mother's postpartum abstinence (in PPABMO), for mothers who had resumed sexual relations after the child was born (in the last three to five years). A code of 0 indicates no problem with the original response. 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and succeeding birth 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 4 During pregnancy in calendar 8 Missing Child health postpartum Variables -- TOPICS Duration of mother's postpartum amenorrhea in months 421. For how many months after the birth of (NAME) did you not have your period? MONTHS ____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 For children born in the three to five years before the survey, PPAMHMO (M6) reports the duration, in months, of the mother's postpartum amenorrhea after delivery of the child. Children whose mothers' periods had not returned at the time of interview were excluded from PPAMHMO, but children whose mothers were still amenorrheic were included in calculations for the similar variable PPAMHMOC (M7). The maximum period allowed during the data editing (by the survey administrators) was the interval between the date of birth of the child and the date of conception of the following child (with birth date minus nine months used for the date of conception) or the date of interview if there was no following birth. 93 Pd. ret /no duration 71 71 70 70 69 69 68 68 67 67 66 66 65 65 64 64 63 63 62 62 99 NIU (not in universe) 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 90 Period not returned 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 83 Child health postpartum Variables -- TOPICS Months of mother's postpartum amenorrhea (including women still amenorrheic) 421. For how many months after the birth of (NAME) did you not have your period? MONTHS ____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 PPAMHMOC (M9) reports the duration, in months, of mother's postpartum amenorrhea after the birth of the child, for children born in the three to five years preceding the survey. Mothers whose period had not returned before the following birth or prior to the interview were included in PPAMHMOC. By contrast, only children of women whose menses had resumed were included in the similar variable PPAMHMO. The maximum period allowed during the data editing (by the survey administrators) was the interval between the date of birth of the child and the date of conception of the mother's following child (with birth date minus nine months used for the date of conception) or the date of interview if there was no following birth. For DHS Phase II forward, inconsistent durations based on the original reporting of the duration of amenorrhea were recoded to "Inconsistent" (code "96" in IPUMS-DHS). In cases where the duration was one month longer than the interval, the duration was shortened by one month, consistent with Phase I. For Model "A" countries in Phase II only, if the duration of mother's postpartum amenorrhea extended into her pregnancy in the calendar, the duration was shortened to the start of the following pregnancy. 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Child health postpartum Variables -- TOPICS Flag variable for mother's postpartum amenorrhea PPAMFLAG (M28) reports the type of problem, if any, found in editing data on the duration of the child's mother's postpartum amenorrhea, for children born in the three to five years before the survey. Cases with no known problem are coded 0. For discussion of the editing rules implemented (by the survey administrators) for data on postpartum amenorrhea, see PPAMHMO and PPAMHMOC, 1 No flag 2 Greater than interval between birth and succeeding birth 4 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 6 During pregnancy in calendar 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child health postpartum Variables -- TOPICS Duration of breastfeeding in months 429. For how many months did you breastfeed (NAME)? MONTHS ____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey, BRSFEDUR (M4) reports the calculated months of breastfeeding for those who are no longer being breastfed. The related variable BRSFEDMO (M5) differs by including children who were still breastfeeding at the time of the interview. The variable BRSFEDCAT provides categorical information about breastfeeding, by indicating whether children were ever breastfed, and, if so, whether they are still breastfeeding. The maximum period allowed for BRSFEDUR during the data editing (by survey administrators) was the interval between the date of birth of the child and the date of interview. See the "Comparability" tab for more information regarding comparability across phases. 99 NIU (not in universe) 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 90 Breastfed until died 92 Ever breastfed, not currently breastfeeding 93 Not asked (child died) 94 Never breastfed 95 Still breastfeeding 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing Child's breastfeeding Variables -- TOPICS Duration of breastfeeding in months (including still breastfed) 429. For how many months did you breastfeed (NAME)? MONTHS ____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 For children born in the three to five years before the survey, BRSFEDMO (M5) reports the calculated months of breastfeeding, including cases where 1) the child's mother was still breastfeeding at the time of the interview or 2) the child had been breastfed until his or her death. Cases in these two categories were excluded from the related variable BRSFEDUR on the duration of breastfeeding. For DHS Phase II forward, inconsistent durations based on the original report of the duration of breastfeeding were coded as "Inconsistent." In cases where the reported duration was one month longer than the relevant interval, the duration was shortened by one month. If the duration of breastfeeding exceeded the child's age at death, the duration of breastfeeding was changed to the child's age at death. 00 0 months 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60+ 92 Ever breastfed, not currently breastfeeding 93 Missing: Not asked (child died) 94 Never breastfed 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Child's breastfeeding Variables -- TOPICS Flag for breastfeeding, problem with duration For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey, BRSFDFLAG (M27) is a flag variable that indicates the type of problem, if any, found in editing responses on their duration of breastfeeding. Cases without a problem are coded 0. For duration of breastfeeding, see BRSFEDUR (M4). 9 NIU (not in universe) 0 No flag 1 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview 2 Greater than interval between birth and date of interview by only 1 month 3 Greater than interval between birth and age at death 4 During pregnancy in calendar 8 Missing Child's breastfeeding Variables -- TOPICS Time from birth until child first breastfed 426. How long after birth did you first put (NAME) to the breast? IF LESS THAN 1 HOUR, RECORD '00' HOURS. IF LESS THAN 24 HOURS, RECORD HOURS. OTHERWISE, RECORD DAYS. IMMEDIATELY 000 HOURS 1 _____ DAYS 2 _____ For children who were ever breastfed, BRSFEDST (M34) reports the length of time between the child's birth and when the child was first breastfed. Following DHS convention, intervals reported in hours are coded with a "1" in the first digit, and intervals reported in days are coded with a "2" in the first digit. 000 Immediately 100 Within 1 hour 101 1 hour 102 2 hours 103 3 hours 104 4 hours 105 5 hours 106 6 hours 107 7 hours 108 8 hours 109 9 hours 110 10 hours 111 11 hours 112 12 hours 113 13 hours 114 14 hours 115 15 hours 116 16 hours 117 17 hours 118 18 hours 119 19 hours 120 20 hours 121 21 hours 122 22 hours 123 23 hours 124 24 hours 125 25 hours 126 26 hours 127 27 hours 128 28 hours 129 29 hours 130 30 hours 131 31 hours 132 32 hours 133 33 hours 134 34 hours 135 35 hours 136 36 hours 137 37 hours 138 38 hours 139 39 hours 140 40 hours 141 41 hours 142 42 hours 143 43 hours 144 44 hours 145 45 hours 146 46 hours 147 47 hours 148 48 hours 149 49 hours 150 50 hours 160 60 hours 170 70 hours 180 80 hours 190 90 hours 200 Same day 201 1 day 202 2 days 203 3 days 204 4 days 205 5 days 206 6 days 207 7 days 208 8 days 209 9 days 210 10 days 211 11 days 212 12 days 213 13 days 214 14 days 215 15 days 216 16 days 217 17 days 218 18 days 219 19 days 220 20 days 221 21 days 222 22 days 223 23 days 224 24 days 225 25 days 226 26 days 227 27 days 228 28 days 229 29 days 230 30 days 231 31 days 232 32 days 233 33 days 234 34 days 235 35 days 236 36 days 237 37 days 238 38 days 239 39 days 240 40 days 241 41 days 242 42 days 243 43 days 244 44 days 245 45 days 246 46 days 247 47 days 248 48 days 249 49 days 250 50 days 251 51 days 252 52 days 253 53 days 254 54 days 255 55 days 256 56 days 257 57 days 258 58 days 259 59 days 260 60 days 261 61 days 262 62 days 263 63 days 264 64 days 265 65 days 266 66 days 267 67 days 268 68 days 269 69 days 270 70 days 271 71 days 272 72 days 273 73 days 274 74 days 275 75 days 276 76 days 277 77 days 278 78 days 279 79 days 280 80 days 281 81 days 282 82 days 283 83 days 284 84 days 285 85 days 286 86 days 287 87 days 288 88 days 289 89 days 290 90 days 291 91 days 292 92 days 293 93 days 294 94 days 295 95 days 296 96 days 297 97 days 298 98 days 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Child's breastfeeding Variables -- TOPICS Reason mother stopped breastfeeding child 430. Why did you stop breastfeeding (NAME)? MOTHER SICK/WEAK 01 CHILD SICK/WEAK 02 CHILD DIED 03 PROBLEMS WITH BREASTS 04 INSUFFICIENT MILK 05 MOTHER WORKS 06 CHILD REFUSED 07 WEANING AGE 08 BECAME PREGNANT 09 BEGAN USING CONTRACEPTION 10 OTHER (SPECIFY) ______ 96 For children who were born in the three to five years preceding the survey and whose mothers had stopped breastfeeding them, WHYSTBRFD (M21) reports why the mother stopped breastfeeding. Children who were breastfed until they died are automatically coded 13 (Child died) as the reason for stopping breastfeeding. 15 Improve child health 22 Insufficient milk 21 Nipple, breast problem 14 Child had diarrhea 96 Inconsistent 10 Health problem 11 Mother ill or weak 12 Child ill or weak 13 Child died 97 Don't know if ever breastfed 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) 20 Breastmilk problem 30 Mother busy 31 Mother working 32 Mother at school 33 Inconvenient 40 Child's attitude 41 Child refused 42 Child refused food 43 Child preferred bottle 50 Weaning age 60 Reproductive/family planning reason 61 Became pregnant 62 Started using method 63 Wanted to start method 64 Wanted another child 70 Other reason 71 Husband disapproved 72 Mother's figure concern 95 Other Child's breastfeeding Variables -- TOPICS Times child breastfed during previous night 432. How many times did you breastfeed last night between sunset and sunrise? IF ANSWER IS NOT NUMERIC, PROBE FOR APPROXIMATE ANSWER. NUMBER OF NIGHTTIME FEEDINGS _____ For children born in the three to five years before the survey who are still breastfed, BRSFEDNITE (M35) reports how many times the child was breastfed the previous night between sunset and sunrise. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 96 On demand 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Child's breastfeeding Variables -- TOPICS Times child breastfed during previous day 433. How many times did you breastfeed yesterday during the daylight hours? IF ANSWER IS NOT NUMERIC, PROBE FOR APPROXIMATE ANSWER. NUMBER OF DAYTIME FEEDINGS _____ For children born in the three to five years before the survey and who are still breastfeeding, BRSFEDAY (M36) reports how many times the child was breastfed the previous day during daylight hours. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 96 On demand 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Child's breastfeeding Variables -- TOPICS Times child fed any solid, semi-solid, or soft foods in past 24 hours 437. Besides breast milk, how many times did (NAME) eat yesterday, including meals and snacks? IF 7 TIMES OR MORE, RECORD '7'. NUMBER OF TIMES ____ DOESN'T KNOW 8 FEDANY24HX (M39) reports how many times the child ate any solid, semi-solid, or soft foods during the previous day, either at night or during the daytime. This variable is a characteristic of the child. The related variable FEDANY24H (M39A) indicates whether the child ate any solid, semi-solid, or soft foods in the previous 24 hours. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7+ 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Child feeding, general Variables -- TOPICS Child drank from bottle with nipple in last day or night 434. Did (NAME) drink anything from a bottle yesterday or last night? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 For living children born in the three to five years preceding the survey, BRSFEDBOT (M38) indicates whether the child drank anything from a bottle with a nipple during the previous day and night. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child feeding, general Variables -- TOPICS Child fed plain water in past 24 hours 435. Did (NAME) receive, at any moment yesterday or last night, any of the following: Water? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Sugar water? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Juice? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Herbal tea? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Baby formula? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Powdered or boxed milk? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Fresh milk? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Any other liquid? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Rice- or wheat-based food? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Cassava-based food? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Leafy greens? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Orange/yellow fruits or vegetables? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Eggs, fish or poultry? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Meat? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Other solid or semi-solid foods? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 FEDWATER24H (M37A) indicates whether the child drank plain water during the previous day, either at night or during the daytime. This variable is a characteristic of the child. The related variable MAFEDWATER24H (V409) indicates whether the child's mother gave her youngest surviving child water during the previous day. The related variable FEDWATER24HX reports the number of times the child drank plain water in the previous 24 hours. FEDWATERWKD (M40A) reports the number of days the child drank plain water during the past week. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Foods fed child in past 24 hours Variables -- TOPICS Child fed sugar water in past 24 hours 435. Did (NAME) receive, at any moment yesterday or last night, any of the following: Water? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Sugar water? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Juice? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Herbal tea? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Baby formula? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Powdered or boxed milk? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Fresh milk? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Any other liquid? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Rice- or wheat-based food? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Cassava-based food? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Leafy greens? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Orange/yellow fruits or vegetables? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Eggs, fish or poultry? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Meat? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Other solid or semi-solid foods? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 FEDSUGWAT24H (M37B) indicates whether the child drank sugar water during the previous day, either at night or during the daytime. This variable is a characteristic of the child. The related variable MAFEDSUGWAT24H (V409A) indicates whether the child's mother gave her youngest surviving child sugar water during the previous day. The related variable FEDSUGWAT24HX reports the number of times the child drank sugar water in the previous 24 hours. FEDSUGWATWKD (M40B) reports the number of days the child drank sugar water during the past week. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Foods fed child in past 24 hours Variables -- TOPICS Child fed juice in past 24 hours 435. Did (NAME) receive, at any moment yesterday or last night, any of the following: Water? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Sugar water? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Juice? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Herbal tea? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Baby formula? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Powdered or boxed milk? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Fresh milk? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Any other liquid? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Rice- or wheat-based food? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Cassava-based food? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Leafy greens? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Orange/yellow fruits or vegetables? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Eggs, fish or poultry? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Meat? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Other solid or semi-solid foods? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 FEDJUICE24H (M37C) indicates whether the child drank juice during the previous day, either at night or during the daytime. This variable is a characteristic of the child. The related variable MAFEDJUICE24H (V410) indicates whether the child's mother gave her youngest surviving child juice during the previous day. The related variable FEDJUICE24HX reports the number of times the child drank juice in the previous 24 hours. FEDJUICEWKD (M40C) reports the number of days the child drank juice during the past week. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Foods fed child in past 24 hours Variables -- TOPICS Child fed herbal tea in past 24 hours 435. Did (NAME) receive, at any moment yesterday or last night, any of the following: Water? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Sugar water? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Juice? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Herbal tea? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Baby formula? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Powdered or boxed milk? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Fresh milk? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Any other liquid? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Rice- or wheat-based food? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Cassava-based food? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Leafy greens? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Orange/yellow fruits or vegetables? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Eggs, fish or poultry? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Meat? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Other solid or semi-solid foods? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 FEDTEA24H (M37D) indicates whether the child drank herbal tea during the previous day, either at night or during the daytime. This variable is a characteristic of the child. The related variable MAFEDTEA24H indicates whether the child's mother gave her youngest surviving child herbal tea during the previous day. The related variable FEDTEA24HX reports the number of times the child drank herbal tea in the previous 24 hours. FEDTEAWKD (M40D) reports the number of days the child drank herbal tea during the past week. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Foods fed child in past 24 hours Variables -- TOPICS Child fed baby formula in past 24 hours 435. Did (NAME) receive, at any moment yesterday or last night, any of the following: Water? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Sugar water? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Juice? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Herbal tea? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Baby formula? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Powdered or boxed milk? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Fresh milk? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Any other liquid? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Rice- or wheat-based food? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Cassava-based food? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Leafy greens? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Orange/yellow fruits or vegetables? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Eggs, fish or poultry? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Meat? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Other solid or semi-solid foods? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 FEDFORM24H (M37F) indicates whether the child drank infant formula during the previous day, either at night or during the daytime. This variable is a characteristic of the child. The related variable MAFEDFORM24H (V411A) indicates whether the child's mother gave her youngest surviving child infant formula during the previous day. The related variable FEDFORM24HX reports the number of times the child drank infant formula in the previous 24 hours. FEDFORMWKD (M40F) reports the number of days the child drank infant formula during the past week. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Foods fed child in past 24 hours Variables -- TOPICS Child fed fresh milk in past 24 hours 435. Did (NAME) receive, at any moment yesterday or last night, any of the following: Water? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Sugar water? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Juice? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Herbal tea? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Baby formula? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Powdered or boxed milk? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Fresh milk? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Any other liquid? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Rice- or wheat-based food? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Cassava-based food? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Leafy greens? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Orange/yellow fruits or vegetables? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Eggs, fish or poultry? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Meat? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Other solid or semi-solid foods? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 FEDFRMILK24H (M37G) indicates whether the child drank fresh animal milk during the previous day, either at night or during the daytime. This variable is a characteristic of the child. The complementary variable FEDTINMILK24H (M37E) indicates whether the child drank tinned or powdered milk during the previous day. The complementary variable FEDGENMILK24H indicates whether the child drank any milk, such as tinned, powdered, or fresh animal milk, during the previous day. The related variable MAFEDFRMILK24H (V412) indicates whether the child's mother gave her youngest surviving child fresh animal milk during the previous day. The related variable FEDFRMILK24HX reports the number of times the child drank fresh animal milk in the previous 24 hours. FEDFRMILKWKD (M40G) reports the number of days the child drank fresh animal milk during the past week. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Foods fed child in past 24 hours Variables -- TOPICS Child fed tinned or powdered milk in past 24 hours 435. Did (NAME) receive, at any moment yesterday or last night, any of the following: Water? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Sugar water? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Juice? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Herbal tea? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Baby formula? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Powdered or boxed milk? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Fresh milk? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Any other liquid? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Rice- or wheat-based food? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Cassava-based food? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Leafy greens? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Orange/yellow fruits or vegetables? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Eggs, fish or poultry? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Meat? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Other solid or semi-solid foods? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 FEDTINMILK24H (M37E) indicates whether the child drank tinned or powdered milk during the previous day, either at night or during the daytime. This variable is a characteristic of the child. The complementary variable FEDFRMILK24H (M37G) indicates whether the child drank fresh animal milk during the previous day. The complementary variable FEDGENMILK24H indicates whether the child drank any milk, such as tinned, powdered, or fresh animal milk, during the previous day. The related variable MAFEDTINMILK24H indicates whether the child's mother gave her youngest surviving child tinned or powdered milk during the previous day. The related variable FEDTINMILK24HX reports the number of times the child drank tinned or powdered milk in the previous 24 hours. FEDTINMILKWKD (M40E) reports the number of days the child drank tinned or powdered milk during the past week. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Foods fed child in past 24 hours Variables -- TOPICS Child fed other liquid in past 24 hours 435. Did (NAME) receive, at any moment yesterday or last night, any of the following: Water? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Sugar water? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Juice? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Herbal tea? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Baby formula? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Powdered or boxed milk? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Fresh milk? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Any other liquid? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Rice- or wheat-based food? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Cassava-based food? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Leafy greens? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Orange/yellow fruits or vegetables? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Eggs, fish or poultry? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Meat? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Other solid or semi-solid foods? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 FEDOTHLIQ24H (M37L) indicates whether the child drank other liquids during the previous day, either at night or during the daytime. This variable is a characteristic of the child. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific categories included in a particular sample. The related variable MAFEDOTHLIQ24H (V413) indicates whether the child's mother gave her youngest surviving child other liquids during the previous day. The related variable FEDOTHLIQ24HX reports the number of times the child drank other liquids in the previous 24 hours. FEDOTHLIQWKD (M40L) reports the number of days the child drank other liquids during the past week. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Foods fed child in past 24 hours Variables -- TOPICS Child fed grain in past 24 hours 435. Did (NAME) receive, at any moment yesterday or last night, any of the following: Water? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Sugar water? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Juice? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Herbal tea? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Baby formula? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Powdered or boxed milk? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Fresh milk? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Any other liquid? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Rice- or wheat-based food? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Cassava-based food? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Leafy greens? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Orange/yellow fruits or vegetables? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Eggs, fish or poultry? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Meat? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Other solid or semi-solid foods? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 FEDGRAIN24H (M37Q) indicates whether the child ate any food made from grain, such as millet, sorghum, maize, rice, wheat, or other local grains, during the previous day, either at night or during the daytime. This variable is a characteristic of the child. The related variable MAFEDGRAIN24H (V414E) indicates whether the child's mother gave her youngest surviving child any food made from grain during the previous day. The related variable FEDGRAIN24HX reports the number of times the child ate any food made from grain in the previous 24 hours. FEDGRAINWKD (M40Q) reports the number of days the child ate any food made from grain during the past week. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Foods fed child in past 24 hours Variables -- TOPICS Child fed local tubers in past 24 hours 435. Did (NAME) receive, at any moment yesterday or last night, any of the following: Water? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Sugar water? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Juice? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Herbal tea? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Baby formula? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Powdered or boxed milk? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Fresh milk? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Any other liquid? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Rice- or wheat-based food? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Cassava-based food? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Leafy greens? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Orange/yellow fruits or vegetables? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Eggs, fish or poultry? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Meat? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Other solid or semi-solid foods? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 FEDTUBER24H (M37R) indicates whether the child ate white potatoes, white yams, manioc, cassava, or any other foods made from roots during the previous day, either at night or during the daytime. These vegetables contain healthful nutrients but lack the vitamin A content of their yellow counterparts, such as sweet potatoes and orange yams. FEDTUBER24H is a characteristic of the child. The complementary variable FEDYELVEG24H (M37M) indicates whether the child ate pumpkin, carrots, squash, or sweet potatoes that are yellow or orange inside. The related variable MAFEDTUBER24H (V414F) indicates whether the child's mother gave her youngest surviving child white potatoes, white yams, manioc, cassava, or any other foods made from roots during the previous day. The related variable FEDTUBER24HX reports the number of times the child ate white potatoes, white yams, manioc, cassava, or any other foods made from roots in the previous 24 hours. FEDTUBERWKD (M40R) reports the number of days the child ate white potatoes, white yams, manioc, cassava, or any other foods made from roots during the past week. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Foods fed child in past 24 hours Variables -- TOPICS Child fed green leafy vegetables in past 24 hours 435. Did (NAME) receive, at any moment yesterday or last night, any of the following: Water? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Sugar water? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Juice? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Herbal tea? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Baby formula? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Powdered or boxed milk? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Fresh milk? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Any other liquid? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Rice- or wheat-based food? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Cassava-based food? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Leafy greens? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Orange/yellow fruits or vegetables? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Eggs, fish or poultry? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Meat? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Other solid or semi-solid foods? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 FEDGRNVEG24H (M37N) indicates whether the child ate any dark green, leafy vegetables during the previous day, either at night or during the daytime. Dark green leafy vegetables are a source of multiple nutrients, including vitamins C and K, iron and calcium, and beta-carotene, which can be converted into vitamin A. FEDGRNVEG24H is a characteristic of the child. The related variable MAFEDGRNVEG24H (V414J) indicates whether the child's mother gave her youngest surviving child any dark green, leafy vegetables during the previous day. The related variable FEDGRNVEG24HX reports the number of times the child ate any dark green, leafy vegetables in the previous 24 hours. FEDGRNVEGWKD (M40N) reports the number of days the child ate any dark green, leafy vegetables during the past week. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Foods fed child in past 24 hours Variables -- TOPICS Child fed fruits with vitamin A in past 24 hours 435. Did (NAME) receive, at any moment yesterday or last night, any of the following: Water? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Sugar water? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Juice? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Herbal tea? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Baby formula? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Powdered or boxed milk? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Fresh milk? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Any other liquid? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Rice- or wheat-based food? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Cassava-based food? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Leafy greens? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Orange/yellow fruits or vegetables? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Eggs, fish or poultry? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Meat? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Other solid or semi-solid foods? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 FEDVITAFRUIT24H (M37O) indicates whether the child ate fruits rich in vitamin A, such as ripe mangoes or papayas, during the previous day, either at night or during the daytime. This variable is a characteristic of the child. The related variable MAFEDVITAFRUIT24H (V414K) indicates whether the child's mother gave her youngest surviving child fruits rich in vitamin A during the previous day. The related variable FEDVITAFRUIT24HX reports the number of times the child ate fruits rich in vitamin A in the previous 24 hours. FEDVITAFRUITWKD (M40O) reports the number of days the child ate fruits rich in vitamin A during the past week. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Foods fed child in past 24 hours Variables -- TOPICS Child fed eggs, fish, or poultry in past 24 hours 435. Did (NAME) receive, at any moment yesterday or last night, any of the following: Water? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Sugar water? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Juice? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Herbal tea? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Baby formula? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Powdered or boxed milk? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Fresh milk? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Any other liquid? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Rice- or wheat-based food? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Cassava-based food? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Leafy greens? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Orange/yellow fruits or vegetables? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Eggs, fish or poultry? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Meat? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Other solid or semi-solid foods? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 FEDWTMEAT24H (M37S) indicates whether the child ate eggs, fish, or poultry during the previous day, either at night or during the daytime. This variable is a characteristic of the child. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Foods fed child in past 24 hours Variables -- TOPICS Child fed meat in past 24 hours 435. Did (NAME) receive, at any moment yesterday or last night, any of the following: Water? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Sugar water? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Juice? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Herbal tea? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Baby formula? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Powdered or boxed milk? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Fresh milk? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Any other liquid? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Rice- or wheat-based food? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Cassava-based food? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Leafy greens? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Orange/yellow fruits or vegetables? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Eggs, fish or poultry? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Meat? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Other solid or semi-solid foods? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 FEDMEAT24H (M37T) indicates whether the child ate meat during the previous day, either at night or during the daytime. This variable is a characteristic of the child. The related variable MAFEDMEAT24H (V414H) indicates whether the child's mother gave her youngest surviving child meat during the previous day. FEDMEATWKD (M40T) reports the number of days the child ate meat during the past week. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Foods fed child in past 24 hours Variables -- TOPICS Child fed other solid, semi-solid, or soft food in past 24 hours 435. Did (NAME) receive, at any moment yesterday or last night, any of the following: Water? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Sugar water? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Juice? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Herbal tea? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Baby formula? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Powdered or boxed milk? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Fresh milk? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Any other liquid? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Rice- or wheat-based food? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Cassava-based food? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Leafy greens? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Orange/yellow fruits or vegetables? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Eggs, fish or poultry? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Meat? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Other solid or semi-solid foods? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 FEDOTHER24H (M37P) indicates whether the child ate some other solid or semi-solid food during the previous day, either at night or during the daytime. This variable is a characteristic of the child. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific categories of food included in a particular sample. The related variable MAFEDOTHER24H (V414S) indicates whether the child's mother gave her youngest surviving child any other solid or semi-solid food during the previous day. The related variable FEDOTHER24HX reports the number of times the child ate any other solid or semi-solid food in the previous 24 hours. FEDOTHERWKD (M40P) reports the number of days the child ate any other solid or semi-solid food during the past week. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Foods fed child in past 24 hours Variables -- TOPICS Days child fed tinned, powdered, or fresh milk in past week 438. How many days out of the last 7 days did (NAME) receive one of the following liquids or foods? RECORD THE NUMBER OF DAYS. Water? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Milk (other than breast milk)? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Liquids other than milk and water? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Rice-based foods? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Cassava-based foods? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Leafy greens? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Orange/yellow fruits or vegetables? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Eggs, fish, or poultry? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Meat? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Other solid or semi-solid foods? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 FEDGENMILKWKD (M40H) reports how many days, out of the past seven days, the child drank any milk, such as tinned, powdered, or fresh animal milk. This variable is a characteristic of the child. The related variable MAFEDGENMILKWKD reports how many days the child's mother gave her youngest surviving child any milk during the previous seven days. The related variable FEDGENMILK24H indicates whether the child drank any milk, such as tinned, powdered, or fresh animal milk, in the previous 24 hours. FEDGENMILK24HX reports the number of times the child drank any milk, such as tinned, powdered, or fresh animal milk, in the previous 24 hours. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Days child fed foods in past week Variables -- TOPICS Days child fed other liquid in past week 438. How many days out of the last 7 days did (NAME) receive one of the following liquids or foods? RECORD THE NUMBER OF DAYS. Water? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Milk (other than breast milk)? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Liquids other than milk and water? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Rice-based foods? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Cassava-based foods? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Leafy greens? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Orange/yellow fruits or vegetables? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Eggs, fish, or poultry? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Meat? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Other solid or semi-solid foods? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 FEDOTHLIQWKD (M40L) reports how many days, out of the past seven days, the child drank other liquids. This variable is a characteristic of the child. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific categories included in a particular sample. The related variable MAFEDOTHLIQWKD (V470L) reports how many days the child's mother gave her youngest surviving child other liquids during the previous seven days. The related variable FEDOTHLIQ24H (M37L) indicates whether the child drank other liquids in the previous 24 hours. FEDOTHLIQ24HX reports the number of times the child drank other liquids in the previous 24 hours. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Days child fed foods in past week Variables -- TOPICS Days child fed grain in past week 438. How many days out of the last 7 days did (NAME) receive one of the following liquids or foods? RECORD THE NUMBER OF DAYS. Water? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Milk (other than breast milk)? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Liquids other than milk and water? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Rice-based foods? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Cassava-based foods? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Leafy greens? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Orange/yellow fruits or vegetables? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Eggs, fish, or poultry? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Meat? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Other solid or semi-solid foods? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 FEDGRAINWKD (M40Q) reports how many days, out of the past seven days, the child ate any food made from grain, such as millet, sorghum, maize, rice, wheat, or other local grains. This variable is a characteristic of the child. The related variable MAFEDGRAINWKD (V470Q) reports how many days the child's mother gave her youngest surviving child any food made from grain during the previous seven days. The related variable FEDGRAIN24H (M37Q) indicates whether the child ate any food made from grain in the previous 24 hours. FEDGRAIN24HX reports the number of times the child ate any food made from grain in the previous 24 hours. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Days child fed foods in past week Variables -- TOPICS Days child fed local tubers in past week 438. How many days out of the last 7 days did (NAME) receive one of the following liquids or foods? RECORD THE NUMBER OF DAYS. Water? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Milk (other than breast milk)? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Liquids other than milk and water? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Rice-based foods? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Cassava-based foods? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Leafy greens? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Orange/yellow fruits or vegetables? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Eggs, fish, or poultry? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Meat? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Other solid or semi-solid foods? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 FEDTUBERWKD (M40R) reports how many days, out of the past seven days, the child ate white potatoes, white yams, manioc, cassava, or any other foods made from roots. This variable is a characteristic of the child. The related variable MAFEDTUBERWKD (V470R) reports how many days the child's mother gave her youngest surviving child white potatoes, white yams, manioc, cassava, or any other foods made from roots during the previous seven days. The related variable FEDTUBER24H (M37R) indicates whether the child ate white potatoes, white yams, manioc, cassava, or any other foods made from roots in the previous 24 hours. FEDTUBER24HX reports the number of times the child ate white potatoes, white yams, manioc, cassava, or any other foods made from roots in the previous 24 hours. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Days child fed foods in past week Variables -- TOPICS Days child fed eggs, fish, or poultry in past week 438. How many days out of the last 7 days did (NAME) receive one of the following liquids or foods? RECORD THE NUMBER OF DAYS. Water? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Milk (other than breast milk)? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Liquids other than milk and water? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Rice-based foods? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Cassava-based foods? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Leafy greens? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Orange/yellow fruits or vegetables? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Eggs, fish, or poultry? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Meat? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Other solid or semi-solid foods? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 FEDWTMEATWKD (M40S) reports how many days, out of the past seven days, the child ate eggs, fish, or poultry. This variable is a characteristic of the child. The related variable FEDWTMEAT24H (M37S) indicates whether the child ate eggs, fish, or poultry in the previous 24 hours. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Days child fed foods in past week Variables -- TOPICS Days child fed meat in past week 438. How many days out of the last 7 days did (NAME) receive one of the following liquids or foods? RECORD THE NUMBER OF DAYS. Water? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Milk (other than breast milk)? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Liquids other than milk and water? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Rice-based foods? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Cassava-based foods? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Leafy greens? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Orange/yellow fruits or vegetables? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Eggs, fish, or poultry? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Meat? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Other solid or semi-solid foods? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 FEDMEATWKD (M40T) reports how many days, out of the past seven days, the child ate meat. This variable is a characteristic of the child. The related variable FEDMEAT24H (M37T) indicates whether the child ate meat in the previous 24 hours. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Days child fed foods in past week Variables -- TOPICS Days child fed other solid, semi-solid, or soft food in past week 438. How many days out of the last 7 days did (NAME) receive one of the following liquids or foods? RECORD THE NUMBER OF DAYS. Water? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Milk (other than breast milk)? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Liquids other than milk and water? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Rice-based foods? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Cassava-based foods? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Leafy greens? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Orange/yellow fruits or vegetables? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Eggs, fish, or poultry? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Meat? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 Other solid or semi-solid foods? DAYS ___ DOESN'T KNOW 8 FEDOTHERWKD (M40P) reports how many days, out of the past seven days, the child ate any other solid or semi-solid foods. This variable is a characteristic of the child. The meaning of "other" must be interpreted relative to the specific food categories included in a particular sample. The related variable MAFEDOTHERWKD (V470P) reports how many days the child's mother gave her youngest surviving child any other solid or semi-solid foods during the previous seven days. The related variable FEDOTHER24H (M37P) indicates whether the child ate any other solid or semi-solid foods in the previous 24 hours. FEDOTHER24HX reports the number of times the child ate any other solid or semi-solid foods in the previous 24 hours. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Days child fed foods in past week Variables -- TOPICS Child had cough/difficult breathing recently 450. Has (NAME) has an illness with a cough at any time in the last 2 weeks? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 453A) DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 453A) For surviving children under age 5, COURECENT (H31) indicates whether the child experienced a cough in the past 2 weeks. Question wording differences may limit the comparability of COURECENT; see Comparability. 10 No 20 Yes 21 Yes, past four weeks/month 22 Yes, last 24 hours 23 Yes, last 2 to 14 days 24 Yes, last two weeks 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Child respiratory illness or fever Variables -- TOPICS Child breathed with short, rapid breaths when had cough 451. When (NAME) had an illness with a cough, did he/she breathe faster than usual with short, rapid breaths or have difficulty breathing? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 COUSHORTBRE (H31B) indicates whether the child experienced fast, short, rapid breaths or difficulty breathing in the last 2 weeks. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child respiratory illness or fever Variables -- TOPICS Child had fever in last two/four weeks 449. Has (NAME) been ill with a fever at any time in the last 2 weeks? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 For surviving children born in the three to five years preceding the survey, FEVRECENT (H22) indicates whether the child had a fever in recent weeks (most often in the previous two weeks). See Comparability. 10 No 20 Yes, fever 21 Yes, fever in last 2 weeks 22 Yes, fever in last 4 weeks 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Child respiratory illness or fever Variables -- TOPICS Child taken to medical facility for fever/cough treatment 452. Did you seek advice or treatment for the cough? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 453A) For young children with a fever and/or cough in the past 2 weeks, FEVTREMEDFAC (H32Z) indicates whether they were taken to a medical facility for treatment for this illness. According to the standard DHS recode manuals, a treatment source was considered a medical facility if it fell under the Public Sector or Medical Private Sector headers, except for Pharmacy. 0 Did not receive any treatment 1 Received treatment 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child respiratory illness, treatment Variables -- TOPICS Whether no treatment or advice sought for child's fever/cough 452. Did you seek advice or treatment for the cough? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 453A) For young children with a fever and/or cough in the past 2 weeks, FEVTRENONE (H32Y) indicates whether no treatment or advice was sought for this illness. This variable is constructed based on the responses to the standard DHS variables H32A-H32X. 0 No, received treatment 1 Yes, no treatment or advice sought 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child respiratory illness, treatment Variables -- TOPICS Source of fever/cough treatment: Public hospital 453. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) ________ E PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC G PHARMACY H DOCTOR I OTHER PRIVATE MEDICAL (SPECIFY) ________ L OTHER LOCATION STORE M TRADITIONAL HEALER N OTHER (SPECIFY) __________ X For young children with a fever or cough in the past 2 weeks, FEVTRPUBHOS (H32A) indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment at a public hospital for this illness. Some samples in the "FEVTR" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, such as FEVTRPUBHOS, while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of public hospitals that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in this variable. A few samples ask separately about treatment given for fever and treatment given for cough. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in composite coding. A first digit of 1 indicates the child received treatment from a given source, and the second digit indicates the child's illness. A code of "11" indicates the child received treatment for a fever; a code of "12" indicates the child received treatment for a cough; a code of "13" indicates the child received treatment for a fever or a cough; a code of "14" indicates the child received treatment for both a fever and a cough; a code of "15" indicates the child received treatment for a cough and convulsions; a code of "16" indicates the child received treatment for convulsions; and a code of "17" indicates the child received treatment for a fever or rapid/difficult breathing. See Comparability for more information. 00 No 10 Yes, sought treatment at public hospital 11 Sought treatment for fever 12 Sought treatment for cough 13 Sought treatment for fever or cough 14 Sought treatment for fever and cough 15 Sought treatment for cough and convulsions 16 Sought treatment for convulsions 17 Sought treatment for fever or rapid/difficult breathing 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Source for respiratory treatment, general Variables -- TOPICS Source of fever/cough treatment: Public health center 453. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) ________ E PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC G PHARMACY H DOCTOR I OTHER PRIVATE MEDICAL (SPECIFY) ________ L OTHER LOCATION STORE M TRADITIONAL HEALER N OTHER (SPECIFY) __________ X For young children with a fever or cough in the past 2 weeks, FEVTRPUBHC (H32B) indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment at a public health center for this illness. Some samples in the "FEVTR" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, such as FEVTRPUBHC, while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of public health centers that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in this variable. A few samples ask separately about treatment given for fever and treatment given for cough. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in composite coding. A first digit of 1 indicates the child received treatment from a given source, and the second digit indicates the child's illness. A code of "11" indicates the child received treatment for a fever; a code of "12" indicates the child received treatment for a cough; a code of "13" indicates the child received treatment for a fever or a cough; a code of "14" indicates the child received treatment for both a fever and a cough; a code of "15" indicates the child received treatment for a cough and convulsions; a code of "16" indicates the child received treatment for convulsions; and a code of "17" indicates the child received treatment for a fever or rapid/difficult breathing. See Comparability for more information. 00 No 10 Yes, sought treatment at public health center 11 Sought treatment for fever 12 Sought treatment for cough 13 Sought treatment for fever or cough 14 Sought treatment for fever and cough 15 Sought treatment for cough and convulsions 16 Sought treatment for convulsions 17 Sought treatment for fever or rapid/difficult breathing 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Source for respiratory treatment, general Variables -- TOPICS Source of fever/cough treatment: Public health post 453. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) ________ E PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC G PHARMACY H DOCTOR I OTHER PRIVATE MEDICAL (SPECIFY) ________ L OTHER LOCATION STORE M TRADITIONAL HEALER N OTHER (SPECIFY) __________ X For young children with a fever or cough in the past 2 weeks, FEVTRPUBHP (H32C) indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment at a public health post for this illness. Some samples in the "FEVTR" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, such as FEVTRPUBHP, while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of public health posts that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in this variable. A few samples ask separately about treatment given for fever and treatment given for cough. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in composite coding. A first digit of 1 indicates the child received treatment from a given source, and the second digit indicates the child's illness. A code of "11" indicates the child received treatment for a fever; a code of "12" indicates the child received treatment for a cough; a code of "13" indicates the child received treatment for a fever or a cough; a code of "14" indicates the child received treatment for both a fever and a cough; a code of "15" indicates the child received treatment for a cough and convulsions; a code of "16" indicates the child received treatment for convulsions; and a code of "17" indicates the child received treatment for a fever or rapid/difficult breathing. See Comparability for more information. 00 No 10 Yes, sought treatment at public health post 11 Sought treatment for fever 12 Sought treatment for cough 13 Sought treatment for fever or cough 14 Sought treatment for fever and cough 15 Sought treatment for cough and convulsions 16 Sought treatment for convulsions 17 Sought treatment for fever or rapid/difficult breathing 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Source for respiratory treatment, general Variables -- TOPICS Source of fever/cough treatment: Public dispensary 453. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) ________ E PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC G PHARMACY H DOCTOR I OTHER PRIVATE MEDICAL (SPECIFY) ________ L OTHER LOCATION STORE M TRADITIONAL HEALER N OTHER (SPECIFY) __________ X For young children with a fever or cough in the past 2 weeks, FEVTRPUBDRUG indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment from a public dispensary, pharmacy, or drug store for this illness. A few samples ask separately about treatment given for fever and treatment given for cough. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in composite coding. A first digit of 1 indicates the child received treatment from a given source, and the second digit indicates the child's illness. A code of "11" indicates the child received treatment for a fever; a code of "12" indicates the child received treatment for a cough; a code of "13" indicates the child received treatment for a fever or a cough; a code of "14" indicates the child received treatment for both a fever and a cough; a code of "15" indicates the child received treatment for a cough and convulsions; a code of "16" indicates the child received treatment for convulsions; and a code of "17" indicates the child received treatment for a fever or rapid/difficult breathing. See Comparability for more information. 00 No 10 Yes, sought treatment at public dispensary 11 Sought treatment for fever 12 Sought treatment for cough 13 Sought treatment for fever or cough 14 Sought treatment for fever and cough 15 Sought treatment for cough and convulsions 16 Sought treatment for convulsions 17 Sought treatment for fever or rapid/difficult breathing 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Source for respiratory treatment, general Variables -- TOPICS Source of fever/cough treatment: Other public source 453. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) ________ E PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC G PHARMACY H DOCTOR I OTHER PRIVATE MEDICAL (SPECIFY) ________ L OTHER LOCATION STORE M TRADITIONAL HEALER N OTHER (SPECIFY) __________ X For young children with a fever or cough in the past 2 weeks, FEVTRPUBOTH (H32I) indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment at some "other" public sector source for this illness. The meaning of "other" varies depending on the specific categories included in a given sample. A few samples ask separately about treatment given for fever and treatment given for cough. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in composite coding. A first digit of 1 indicates the child received treatment from a given source, and the second digit indicates the child's illness. A code of "11" indicates the child received treatment for a fever; a code of "12" indicates the child received treatment for a cough; a code of "13" indicates the child received treatment for a fever or a cough; a code of "14" indicates the child received treatment for both a fever and a cough; a code of "15" indicates the child received treatment for a cough and convulsions; a code of "16" indicates the child received treatment for convulsions; and a code of "17" indicates the child received treatment for a fever or rapid/difficult breathing. See Comparability for more information. IPUMS-DHS users should be careful to distinguish FEVTRPUBOTH from FEVTRPRIVOTH ("other" under the private medical sector) and FEVTROTHER ("other" that is not described as under either the public or the private medical sector). 00 No 10 Yes, sought treatment at other public sector source 11 Sought treatment for fever 12 Sought treatment for cough 13 Sought treatment for fever or cough 14 Sought treatment for fever and cough 15 Sought treatment for cough and convulsions 16 Sought treatment for convulsions 17 Sought treatment for fever or rapid/difficult breathing 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Source for respiratory treatment, general Variables -- TOPICS Source of fever/cough treatment: Private hospital/clinic 453. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) ________ E PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC G PHARMACY H DOCTOR I OTHER PRIVATE MEDICAL (SPECIFY) ________ L OTHER LOCATION STORE M TRADITIONAL HEALER N OTHER (SPECIFY) __________ X For young children with a fever or cough in the past 2 weeks, FEVTRPRIVHOS (H32J) indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment at a private hospital or clinic for this illness. Some samples in the "FEVTR" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, such as FEVTRPRIVHOS, while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. Additionally, a few samples ask separately about treatment given for fever and treatment given for cough. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in composite coding. A first digit of 1 indicates the child received treatment from a given source, and the second digit indicates the child's illness. A code of "11" indicates the child received treatment for a fever; a code of "12" indicates the child received treatment for a cough; a code of "13" indicates the child received treatment for a fever or a cough; a code of "14" indicates the child received treatment for both a fever and a cough; a code of "15" indicates the child received treatment for a cough and convulsions; a code of "16" indicates the child received treatment for convulsions; and a code of "17" indicates the child received treatment for a fever or rapid/difficult breathing. See Comparability for more information. 00 No 10 Yes, sought treatment at private hospital/clinic 11 Sought treatment for fever 12 Sought treatment for cough 13 Sought treatment for fever or cough 14 Sought treatment for fever and cough 15 Sought treatment for cough and convulsions 16 Sought treatment for convulsions 17 Sought treatment for fever or rapid/difficult breathing 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Source for respiratory treatment, general Variables -- TOPICS Source of fever/cough treatment: Private pharmacy, drug store, or dispensary 453. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) ________ E PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC G PHARMACY H DOCTOR I OTHER PRIVATE MEDICAL (SPECIFY) ________ L OTHER LOCATION STORE M TRADITIONAL HEALER N OTHER (SPECIFY) __________ X For young children with a fever or cough in the past 2 weeks, FEVTRPRIVDRUG (H32K) indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment at a private pharmacy, dispensary, or drug store for this illness. Some samples in the "FEVTR" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, such as FEVTRPRIVDRUG, while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of private, formal drug sources that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in this variable. Additionally, a few samples ask separately about treatment given for fever and treatment given for cough. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in composite coding. A first digit of 1 indicates the child received treatment from a given source, and the second digit indicates the child's illness. A code of "11" indicates the child received treatment for a fever; a code of "12" indicates the child received treatment for a cough; a code of "13" indicates the child received treatment for a fever or a cough; a code of "14" indicates the child received treatment for both a fever and a cough; a code of "15" indicates the child received treatment for a cough and convulsions; a code of "16" indicates the child received treatment for convulsions; and a code of "17" indicates the child received treatment for a fever or rapid/difficult breathing. See Comparability for more information. 16 Sought treatment for convulsions 00 No 10 Yes, sought treatment at private pharmacy, drug store, or dispensary 11 Sought treatment for fever 12 Sought treatment for cough 13 Sought treatment for fever or cough 14 Sought treatment for fever and cough 15 Sought treatment for cough and convulsions 17 Sought treatment for fever or rapid/difficult breathing 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Source for respiratory treatment, general Variables -- TOPICS Source of fever/cough treatment: Private doctor 453. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) ________ E PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC G PHARMACY H DOCTOR I OTHER PRIVATE MEDICAL (SPECIFY) ________ L OTHER LOCATION STORE M TRADITIONAL HEALER N OTHER (SPECIFY) __________ X For young children with a fever or cough in the past 2 weeks, FEVTRPRIVDR (H32L) indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment from a private doctor for this illness. A few samples ask separately about treatment given for fever and treatment given for cough. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in composite coding. A first digit of 1 indicates the child received treatment from a given source, and the second digit indicates the child's illness. A code of "11" indicates the child received treatment for a fever; a code of "12" indicates the child received treatment for a cough; a code of "13" indicates the child received treatment for a fever or a cough; a code of "14" indicates the child received treatment for both a fever and a cough; a code of "15" indicates the child received treatment for a cough and convulsions; a code of "16" indicates the child received treatment for convulsions; a code of "17" indicates the child received treatment for a fever or rapid/difficult breathing. See Comparability for more information. 00 No 10 Yes, sought treatment from private doctor 11 Sought treatment for fever 12 Sought treatment for cough 13 Sought treatment for fever or cough 14 Sought treatment for fever and cough 15 Sought treatment for cough and convulsions 16 Sought treatment for convulsions 17 Sought treatment for fever or rapid/difficult breathing 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Source for respiratory treatment, general Variables -- TOPICS Source of fever/cough treatment: Shop (other) 453. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) ________ E PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC G PHARMACY H DOCTOR I OTHER PRIVATE MEDICAL (SPECIFY) ________ L OTHER LOCATION STORE M TRADITIONAL HEALER N OTHER (SPECIFY) __________ X For young children with a fever or cough in the past 2 weeks, FEVTRSHOP (H32S) indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment at a shop for this illness. Some samples in the "FEVTR" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, such as FEVTRSHOP, while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of shops/retailers that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in this variable. A few samples ask separately about treatment given for fever and treatment given for cough. IPUMS DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in composite coding. A first digit of 1 indicates the child received treatment from a given source, and the second digit indicates the child's illness. A code of "11" indicates the child received treatment for a fever; a code of "12" indicates the child received treatment for a cough; a code of "13" indicates the child received treatment for a fever or a cough; a code of "14" indicates the child received treatment for both a fever and a cough; a code of "15" indicates the child received treatment for a cough and convulsions; a code of "16" indicates the child received treatment for convulsions; and a code of "17" indicates the child received treatment for a fever or rapid/difficult breathing. See Comparability for more information. 00 No 10 Yes, sought treatment at shop 11 Sought treatment for fever 12 Sought treatment for cough 13 Sought treatment for fever or cough 14 Sought treatment for fever and cough 15 Sought treatment for cough and convulsions 16 Sought treatment for convulsions 17 Sought treatment for fever or rapid/difficult breathing 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Source for respiratory treatment, general Variables -- TOPICS Source of fever/cough treatment: Traditional healer/practitioner 453. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) ________ E PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC G PHARMACY H DOCTOR I OTHER PRIVATE MEDICAL (SPECIFY) ________ L OTHER LOCATION STORE M TRADITIONAL HEALER N OTHER (SPECIFY) __________ X For young children with a fever or cough in the past 2 weeks, FEVTRPRIVHL (H32T) indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment from a traditional healer or practitioner for this illness. Some samples in the "FEVTR" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, such as FEVTRPRIVHL, while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. A few samples ask separately about treatment given for fever and treatment given for cough. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in composite coding. A first digit of 1 indicates the child received treatment from a given source, and the second digit indicates the child's illness. A code of "11" indicates the child received treatment for a fever; a code of "12" indicates the child received treatment for a cough; a code of "13" indicates the child received treatment for a fever or a cough; a code of "14" indicates the child received treatment for both a fever and a cough; a code of "15" indicates the child received treatment for a cough and convulsions; a code of "16" indicates the child received treatment for convulsions; and a code of "17" indicates the child received treatment for a fever or rapid/difficult breathing. See Comparability for more information. 00 No 10 Yes, sought treatment from traditional healer/practitioner 11 Sought treatment for fever 12 Sought treatment for cough 13 Sought treatment for fever or cough 14 Sought treatment for fever and cough 15 Sought treatment for cough and convulsions 16 Sought treatment for convulsions 17 Sought treatment for fever or rapid/difficult breathing 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Source for respiratory treatment, general Variables -- TOPICS Source of fever/cough treatment: Other 453. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) ________ E PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC G PHARMACY H DOCTOR I OTHER PRIVATE MEDICAL (SPECIFY) ________ L OTHER LOCATION STORE M TRADITIONAL HEALER N OTHER (SPECIFY) __________ X For young children with a fever or cough in the past 2 weeks, FEVTROTH (H32X) indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment at some "other" source for this illness. The meaning of "other" varies depending on the specific categories included in a given sample. A few samples ask separately about treatment given for fever and treatment given for cough. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in composite coding. A first digit of 1 indicates the child received treatment from a given source, and the second digit indicates the child's illness. A code of "11" indicates the child received treatment for a fever; a code of "12" indicates the child received treatment for a cough; a code of "13" indicates the child received treatment for a fever or a cough; a code of "14" indicates the child received treatment for both a fever and a cough; a code of "15" indicates the child received treatment for a cough and convulsions; a code of "16" indicates the child received treatment for convulsions; code of "17" indicates the child received treatment for a fever or rapid/difficult breathing. See Comparability for more information. IPUMS-DHS users should be careful to distinguish FEVTROTH from FEVTRPRIVOTH ("other" under the private medical sector) and FEVTRPUBOTH ("other" under the public sector). 00 No 10 Yes, sought treatment at other source 11 Sought treatment for fever 12 Sought treatment for cough 13 Sought treatment for fever or cough 14 Sought treatment for fever and cough 15 Sought treatment for cough and convulsions 16 Sought treatment for convulsions 17 Sought treatment for fever or rapid/difficult breathing 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Source for respiratory treatment, general Variables -- TOPICS Child had diarrhea recently 454. Has (NAME) had diarrhea in the last 2 weeks? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 464) DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 464) For surviving children under age 5, DIARRECENT (H11) indicates whether the child had diarrhea in the past 2 weeks. Question wording differences affect the comparability of DIARRECENT; see Comparability. 10 No 20 Yes, recently 21 Yes, last 24 hours 22 Yes, last 2-14 days 23 Yes, last two weeks 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Diarrhea, general Variables -- TOPICS Number of bowel movements on worst day of diarrhea 456. The worst day of the diarrhea, how many stools did he/she have? NUMBER OF STOOLS ____ DOESN'T KNOW 98 For surviving children under age five who had diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIABMNUM (H11C) reports the number of bowel movements on the worst day of the illness. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Diarrhea, general Variables -- TOPICS Blood in child's stools during diarrhea 455. Was there blood in the stool? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 For surviving children under age five who had diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIABLOODST (H11B) indicates whether there was blood in the child's stools. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Diarrhea, general Variables -- TOPICS Specific change in breastfeeding when child had diarrhea 458B. Did you breastfeed about the same number of times as before the diarrhea? SAME 1 MORE 2 LESS 3 For surviving children under age 5 who had diarrhea and were still breastfed in the past 2 weeks, DIABFEDAMT (H18A) indicates whether the child was breastfed more, less, or the same amount as usual during the illness. Question wording and response categories vary across samples; see Comparability. 10 Unchanged 20 Increased 30 Reduced 31 Somewhat less 32 Much less 40 Stopped completely 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Diarrhea, general Variables -- TOPICS Child fed the same, more, or less fluid with diarrhea 465. When a child has diarrhea, should he/she be given less than usual to drink, about the same amount as usual, or more than usual? LESS TO DRINK 1 ABOUT THE SAME 2 MORE TO DRINK 3 DOESN'T KNOW 8 For surviving children under age 5 who had diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIAFLUIDUPDN (H38) reports whether the child was given more, less, or the same amount of fluid as usual during the illness. Question wording differences limit the comparability of DIAFLUIDUPDN across samples; see Comparability. 10 Same 20 Increase 30 Decrease 31 Somewhat less 32 Much less 33 Nothing to drink 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Diarrhea, general Variables -- TOPICS Child got same, increased, or decreased food with diarrhea 466. When a child has diarrhea, should he/she be given less than usual to eat, about the same amount as usual, or more than usual? LESS TO EAT 1 ABOUT THE SAME 2 MORE TO EAT 3 DOESN'T KNOW 8 For surviving children under age 5 who had diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIAFOODUPDN (H39) indicates whether the child was given more, less, or the same amount of food during the illness. Question wording differences limit the comparability of DIAFOODUPDN across samples; see Comparability. 10 Same 20 Increase 30 Decrease 31 Somewhat less 32 Much less 33 Stop entirely 40 Never gave food 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Diarrhea, general Variables -- TOPICS Child received any treatment for diarrhea 460. Was anything (else) given to (NAME) to treat the diarrhea? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 462) DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 462) For surviving children under age 5 who had diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIATREANY (H21) is a summary variable indicating whether the child received any treatment for diarrhea. Based on standard DHS variables H11 to H21, DIATREANY indicates whether the child was taken to a public or private facility/practitioner for treatment and/or was given some medication (which could include a homemade sugar-salt-water solution) to treat the illness. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Diarrhea, treatment Variables -- TOPICS Whether no treatment or advice sought for child's diarrhea 463. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) ________ E PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC G PHARMACY H DOCTOR I OTHER PRIVATE MEDICAL (SPECIFY) ________ L OTHER LOCATION STORE M TRADITIONAL HEALER N OTHER (SPECIFY) __________ X For surviving children under age 5 who had diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIATRENONE (H12Y) indicates whether no treatment or advice was sought for the child's diarrhea. 0 No, received treatment 1 Yes, no treatment or advice sought 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Diarrhea, treatment Variables -- TOPICS Child taken to medical facility for diarrhea treatment 463. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) ________ E PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC G PHARMACY H DOCTOR I OTHER PRIVATE MEDICAL (SPECIFY) ________ L OTHER LOCATION STORE M TRADITIONAL HEALER N OTHER (SPECIFY) __________ X For young children with diarrhea in the last two weeks, DIATREMEDFAC (H12Z) indicates whether they were taken to a medical facility for treatment. Based on standard DHS variables H12A to H12X, DIATREMEDFAC indicates whether the child was taken to any of the facilities listed under the "Public Sector" and "Medical Private Sector" headers, except for Pharmacy. The exact sources of treatment included in this grouping may vary across samples; see Comparability. 0 No 1 Yes, treatment at medical facility 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Diarrhea, treatment Variables -- TOPICS Child given unspecified injection for diarrhea 461. What (else) was given to treat the diarrhea? Anything else? RECORD ALL TREATMENTS GIVEN. RECOMMENDED HOUSE LIQUID (SSS) A PILL OR SYRUP B INJECTION C (IV) INTRAVENOUS D HOME REMEDY/HERBAL/TRADITIONAL MEDICINE E OTHER (SPECIFY) ________ X For surviving children under age 5 who had diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIAGIVINJUNSPEC indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child was given an unknown injection to treat this illness. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Diarrhea, treatment Variables -- TOPICS Child given an IV for diarrhea 461. What (else) was given to treat the diarrhea? Anything else? RECORD ALL TREATMENTS GIVEN. RECOMMENDED HOUSE LIQUID (SSS) A PILL OR SYRUP B INJECTION C (IV) INTRAVENOUS D HOME REMEDY/HERBAL/TRADITIONAL MEDICINE E OTHER (SPECIFY) ________ X For surviving children under age 5 who had diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIAGIVIV (H15C) indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child was given an IV (intravenous fluids) to treat this illness. The IV could have been used to deliver drugs and/or fluids to prevent dehydration and supply calories. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Diarrhea, treatment Variables -- TOPICS Child given pills or syrups (unspecified) for diarrhea 461. What (else) was given to treat the diarrhea? Anything else? RECORD ALL TREATMENTS GIVEN. RECOMMENDED HOUSE LIQUID (SSS) A PILL OR SYRUP B INJECTION C (IV) INTRAVENOUS D HOME REMEDY/HERBAL/TRADITIONAL MEDICINE E OTHER (SPECIFY) ________ X For surviving children under age 5 who had diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIAGIVPILSYR (H15) indicates whether the child was given some unspecified other pills or syrup to treat this illness. The meaning of "other" depends on the specific medications included in a given survey, For Phase 5 forward, the similar variable DIAGIVPILUNK reports whether the child was given an "unknown" type of pill or syrup to treat diarrhea. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Diarrhea, treatment Variables -- TOPICS Child given home remedy or herbal medicine for diarrhea 461. What (else) was given to treat the diarrhea? Anything else? RECORD ALL TREATMENTS GIVEN. RECOMMENDED HOUSE LIQUID (SSS) A PILL OR SYRUP B INJECTION C (IV) INTRAVENOUS D HOME REMEDY/HERBAL/TRADITIONAL MEDICINE E OTHER (SPECIFY) ________ X For surviving children under age 5 who had diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIAGIVHERB (H15D) indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child was given home remedies or herbal medicines to treat this illness. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Diarrhea, treatment Variables -- TOPICS Child given oral rehydration for diarrhea 459. When (NAME) had diarrhea, was he/she given one of the following things to drink: A liquid prepared from a special packet called ORS/ODIVA? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 A light broth made from [RICE OR OTHER GRAIN, TUBER, PLANTAIN]? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Soup? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Homemade water-salt-sugar solution (SSS)? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Carbonated beverage other than Coca-cola? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Milk or baby formula? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Coca-cola? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Water? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Any other liquid? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 For surviving children under age 5 who had diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIAGIVORS (H13) indicates whether the child was given a sugar-salt-water solution or oral rehydration solution (ORS) to treat this illness. 10 No 20 Yes 21 Yes, ORS - spontaneous 22 Yes, ORS - probed 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Diarrhea, treatment Variables -- TOPICS Child given recommended home solution with salt and sugar for diarrhea 459. When (NAME) had diarrhea, was he/she given one of the following things to drink: A liquid prepared from a special packet called ORS/ODIVA? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 A light broth made from [RICE OR OTHER GRAIN, TUBER, PLANTAIN]? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Soup? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Homemade water-salt-sugar solution (SSS)? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Carbonated beverage other than Coca-cola? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Milk or baby formula? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Coca-cola? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Water? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 Any other liquid? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 For surviving children under age 5 who had diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIAGIVSOLUT (H14) indicates whether the child was given a recommended homemade solution to treat this illness. 10 Yes 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) 00 No 11 Yes, spontaneous 12 Yes, probed Diarrhea, treatment Variables -- TOPICS Child given other treatment for diarrhea 461. What (else) was given to treat the diarrhea? Anything else? RECORD ALL TREATMENTS GIVEN. RECOMMENDED HOUSE LIQUID (SSS) A PILL OR SYRUP B INJECTION C (IV) INTRAVENOUS D HOME REMEDY/HERBAL/TRADITIONAL MEDICINE E OTHER (SPECIFY) ________ X For young children with diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIAGIVOTHER (H20) indicates whether they were given some "other" treatment for this illness. The meaning of "other" depends on the types of diarrhea treatment specified in a given sample. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Diarrhea, treatment Variables -- TOPICS Child given nothing as treatment for diarrhea 460. Was anything (else) given to (NAME) to treat the diarrhea? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 462) DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 462) For surviving children under age 5 who had diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIAGIVNONE (H21A) indicates whether the child was given no treatment for this illness. 0 No, given some treatment 1 Yes, nothing given as treatment 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Diarrhea, treatment Variables -- TOPICS Source of diarrhea treatment: Private hospital/clinic 463. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) ________ E PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC G PHARMACY H DOCTOR I OTHER PRIVATE MEDICAL (SPECIFY) ________ L OTHER LOCATION STORE M TRADITIONAL HEALER N OTHER (SPECIFY) __________ X For surviving children with diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIATRPRIVHOS (H12J) indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment at a private hospital or clinic. Some samples in the "DIATR" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of private hospitals that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in DIATRPRIVHOS. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Place for diarrhea treatment, general Variables -- TOPICS Source of diarrhea treatment: Private doctor 463. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) ________ E PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC G PHARMACY H DOCTOR I OTHER PRIVATE MEDICAL (SPECIFY) ________ L OTHER LOCATION STORE M TRADITIONAL HEALER N OTHER (SPECIFY) __________ X For children with diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIATRPRIVDR (H12L) indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment from a private doctor. Some samples in the "DIATR" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of private doctors that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in DIATPRIVDR. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Place for diarrhea treatment, general Variables -- TOPICS Source of diarrhea treatment: Traditional Practitioner/Healer 463. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) ________ E PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC G PHARMACY H DOCTOR I OTHER PRIVATE MEDICAL (SPECIFY) ________ L OTHER LOCATION STORE M TRADITIONAL HEALER N OTHER (SPECIFY) __________ X For children with diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIATRPRIVHL (H12T) indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment from a traditional healer or practitioner. Some samples in the "DIATR" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of traditional practitioners/healers that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in DIATRPRIVHL. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Place for diarrhea treatment, general Variables -- TOPICS Source of diarrhea treatment: Private pharmacy 463. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) ________ E PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC G PHARMACY H DOCTOR I OTHER PRIVATE MEDICAL (SPECIFY) ________ L OTHER LOCATION STORE M TRADITIONAL HEALER N OTHER (SPECIFY) __________ X For children with diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIATRPRIVDRUG (H12K) indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment at a private pharmacy, drug store, or dispensary. Some samples in the "DIATR" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of private drug sources that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in DIATPRIVDRUG. Users should be careful to distinguish this variable from DIATRPUBDRUG and DIATROTHDRUG, which refer to public drug sources and informal drug sources, respectively. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Place for diarrhea treatment, general Variables -- TOPICS Source of diarrhea treatment: Public hospital 463. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) ________ E PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC G PHARMACY H DOCTOR I OTHER PRIVATE MEDICAL (SPECIFY) ________ L OTHER LOCATION STORE M TRADITIONAL HEALER N OTHER (SPECIFY) __________ X For surviving children with diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIATRPUBHOS (H12A) indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment at a public hospital for this illness. Some samples in the "DIATR" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of public hospitals that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in this variable. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Place for diarrhea treatment, general Variables -- TOPICS Source of diarrhea treatment: Public health center 463. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) ________ E PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC G PHARMACY H DOCTOR I OTHER PRIVATE MEDICAL (SPECIFY) ________ L OTHER LOCATION STORE M TRADITIONAL HEALER N OTHER (SPECIFY) __________ X For surviving children with diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIATRPUBHC (H12B) indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment at a public health center for this illness. Some samples in the "DIATR" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of public health centers that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in this variable. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Place for diarrhea treatment, general Variables -- TOPICS Source of diarrhea treatment: Health post (public) 463. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) ________ E PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC G PHARMACY H DOCTOR I OTHER PRIVATE MEDICAL (SPECIFY) ________ L OTHER LOCATION STORE M TRADITIONAL HEALER N OTHER (SPECIFY) __________ X For surviving children with diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIATRPUBHP (H12C) indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment at a public health post for this illness. Some samples in the "DIATR" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of public health posts that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in this variable. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Place for diarrhea treatment, general Variables -- TOPICS Source of diarrhea treatment: Dispensary (public) 463. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) ________ E PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC G PHARMACY H DOCTOR I OTHER PRIVATE MEDICAL (SPECIFY) ________ L OTHER LOCATION STORE M TRADITIONAL HEALER N OTHER (SPECIFY) __________ X For surviving children with diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIATRPUBDRUG indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment at a public pharmacy or dispensary for this illness. Users should be careful to distinguish this variable from DIATRPRIVDRUG and DIATROTHDRUG, which refer to private drug sources and informal drug sources, respectively. Some samples that included pharmacy or dispensary as a potential source of treatment were not added to DIATRPUBDRUG due to comparability issues. IPUMS-DHS users are encouraged to review the Comparability tab for more information on these samples. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Place for diarrhea treatment, general Variables -- TOPICS Source of diarrhea treatment: Other public source 463. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) ________ E PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC G PHARMACY H DOCTOR I OTHER PRIVATE MEDICAL (SPECIFY) ________ L OTHER LOCATION STORE M TRADITIONAL HEALER N OTHER (SPECIFY) __________ X For children with diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIATRPUBOTH (H12I) indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment at some "other" public source. The meaning of "other" depends on the specific response categories included in a given sample. IPUMS-DHS users are encouraged to review the Survey Text tab to better discern the exact meaning of "other" for samples of interest. Users should be careful to distinguish this variable from DIATRPRIVOTH ("other" under the private medical sector) and DIATROTH ("other" that is not described as under either the private or public sector). 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Place for diarrhea treatment, general Variables -- TOPICS Source of diarrhea treatment: Shop/market 463. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) ________ E PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC G PHARMACY H DOCTOR I OTHER PRIVATE MEDICAL (SPECIFY) ________ L OTHER LOCATION STORE M TRADITIONAL HEALER N OTHER (SPECIFY) __________ X For children with diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIATRSHOP (H12S) indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment from a shop. Some samples in the "DIATR" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables. For example, a given sample might include multiple categories for different types of shops/retailers that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories combined in DIATRSHOP. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Place for diarrhea treatment, general Variables -- TOPICS Source of diarrhea treatment: Other 463. Where did you seek advice or treatment? Anywhere else? RECORD ALL MENTIONED. PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL A HEALTH CENTER B DISPENSARY C LOCAL HEALTH POST D OTHER PUBLIC (SPECIFY) ________ E PRIVATE MEDICAL SECTOR PRIVATE HOSPITAL/CLINIC G PHARMACY H DOCTOR I OTHER PRIVATE MEDICAL (SPECIFY) ________ L OTHER LOCATION STORE M TRADITIONAL HEALER N OTHER (SPECIFY) __________ X For children with diarrhea in the past 2 weeks, DIATROTH (H12X) indicates, in response to an open-ended question, whether the child received treatment at some "other" source. The meaning of "other" depends on the specific response categories included in a given sample. IPUMS-DHS users are encouraged to review the Survey Text tab to better discern the exact meaning of "other" for samples of interest. Users should be careful to distinguish this variable from DIATRPUBOTH ("other" under the public medical sector) and DIATRPRIVOTH ("other" under the private medical sector). DIATROTH includes those "other" categories that do not fit into the public or private medical sector. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Place for diarrhea treatment, general Variables -- TOPICS Child has health card 443. Do you have a card where (NAME'S) vaccinations are written down? IF YES: May I see it please? YES, SEEN 1 (GO TO 445) YES, NOT SEEN 3 (GO TO 447) NO CARD 4 HEALTHCARDKID (H1) indicates whether the child had a health card and, if so, whether the card was seen by the interviewer. Child health cards were examined to determine whether and, if so, when, the child received specific vaccinations. 10 No card 11 No longer has card 20 Yes, currently has card 21 Yes, card seen 22 Yes, card not seen 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) 23 Yes, card seen from health facility Child vaccination, general Variables -- TOPICS Child received any vaccination (if no health card) 447. Did (NAME) ever receive any vaccinations to prevent him/her from getting diseases? YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 449) DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 449) For children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey, VACEV (H10) indicates whether the young child had received any vaccination. This variable generally relates to children who did not have a health card, the preferred source of documentation on vaccinations. If no health card was shown, the interviewer asked whether the child had any vaccinations (documented in VACEV), and, if the answer was yes, asked about specific types of vaccinations. Note that VACEV is not a summary variable for all questions relating to vaccinations; rather, VACEV serves as a filter variable during the interview for children lacking health cards. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Less than 3 months 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Child vaccination, general Variables -- TOPICS Child received oral polio 0 vaccination 445. (1) COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. (2) WRITE '44' IN 'DAY' COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 0 (POLIO GIVEN AT BIRTH) DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ MEASLES DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ For children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey, VACOPV0 (H0) indicates whether the child has received an oral polio vaccine (OPV) dose at or near birth (sometimes called "polio 0"). The birth dose of the oral polio vaccine is administered as drops in the mouth. The oral polio vaccination primary series usually consists of a birth dose and 3 additional administrations. The complementary variables VACOPV1 (H4), VACOPV2 (H6), and VACOPV3 (H8) report the first, second, and third administrations, respectively. VACOPV0 uses composite coding, with a first digit of 2 indicating the child has been vaccinated, and the second digit indicating the source of information (a dated entry on the vaccination card, an undated mark on the vaccination card, or the mother's report). 10 No 20 Yes, any information source 21 Yes, from vac card 22 Yes, date on vaccination card 23 Yes, from vac card w/out date 24 Yes, from mother's report 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Polio vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Day child received oral polio 0 vaccination 445. (1) COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. (2) WRITE '44' IN 'DAY' COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 0 (POLIO GIVEN AT BIRTH) DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ MEASLES DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ VACOPV0DAY (H0D) reports the day of the month that children received their birth dose of the oral polio vaccination. This information is only available for children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey whose birth dose of the oral polio vaccination date was recorded on a card shown to the interviewer. The complementary variables VACOPV0MO (H0M) and VACOPV0YR (H0Y) report the month and the year of the birth dose of the oral polio vaccination, as recorded on a vaccination card shown to the interviewer. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the vaccination date may be coded as "Inconsistent" if the reported date is inconsistent with the date of birth, the date of interview, or the dates of other vaccinations. To identify all young children who received the birth dose of the oral polio vaccination, including those identified through the mother's report rather than a dated vaccination card, see VACOPV0 (H0). 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Polio vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Month child received oral polio 0 vaccination 445. (1) COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. (2) WRITE '44' IN 'DAY' COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 0 (POLIO GIVEN AT BIRTH) DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ MEASLES DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ VACOPV0MO (H0M) reports the month that children received their birth dose of the oral polio vaccination. This information is only available for children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey whose birth dose of the oral polio vaccination date was recorded on a card shown to the interviewer. The complementary variables VACOPV0DAY (H0D) and VACOPV0YR (H0Y) report the day of the month and the year of the birth dose of the oral polio vaccination, as recorded on a vaccination card shown to the interviewer. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the vaccination date may be coded as "Inconsistent" if the reported date is inconsistent with the date of birth, the date of interview, or the dates of other vaccinations. To identify all young children who received the birth dose of the oral polio vaccination, including those identified through the mother's report rather than a dated vaccination card, see VACOPV0 (H0). 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Polio vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Year child received oral polio 0 vaccination 445. (1) COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. (2) WRITE '44' IN 'DAY' COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 0 (POLIO GIVEN AT BIRTH) DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ MEASLES DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ VACOPV0YR (H0Y) reports the year that children received their birth dose of the oral polio vaccination. This information is only available for children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey whose birth dose of the oral polio vaccination date was recorded on a card shown to the interviewer. The complementary variables VACOPV0DAY (H0D) and VACOPV0MO (H0M) report the day of the month and the month of the birth dose of the oral polio vaccination, as recorded on a vaccination card shown to the interviewer. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the vaccination date may be coded as "Inconsistent" if the reported date is inconsistent with the date of birth, the date of interview, or the dates of other vaccinations. To identify all young children who received the birth dose of the oral polio vaccination, including those identified through the mother's report rather than a dated vaccination card, see VACOPV0 (H0). 2018 2018 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 9996 Inconsistent 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) 2017 2017 Polio vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Child received oral polio 1 vaccination 445. (1) COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. (2) WRITE '44' IN 'DAY' COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 0 (POLIO GIVEN AT BIRTH) DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ MEASLES DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ For children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey, VACOPV1 (H4) indicates whether the child has received the first in a series of oral polio vaccines. The oral polio vaccination primary series usually consists of a birth dose and 3 additional administrations. The complementary variables VACOPV0 (H0), VACOPV2 (H6), and VACOPV3 (H8) report the birth, second, and third administrations, respectively. VACOPV1 uses composite coding, with a first digit of 2 indicating the child has been vaccinated and the second digit indicating the source of information (a dated entry on the vaccination card, an undated mark on the vaccination card, or the mother's report). 10 No 20 Yes, any information source 21 Yes, from vac card 22 Yes, date on vaccination card 23 Yes, from vac card w/out date 24 Yes, from mother's report 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Polio vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Day child received oral polio 1 vaccination 445. (1) COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. (2) WRITE '44' IN 'DAY' COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 0 (POLIO GIVEN AT BIRTH) DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ MEASLES DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ VACOPV1DAY (H4D) reports the day of the month that children received their first oral polio vaccination. This information is only available for children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey whose first oral polio vaccination date was recorded on a card shown to the interviewer. The complementary variables VACOPV1MO (H4M) and VACOPV1YR (H4Y) report the month and the year of the first oral polio vaccination, as recorded on a vaccination card shown to the interviewer. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the vaccination date may be coded as "Inconsistent" if the reported date is inconsistent with the date of birth, the date of interview, or the dates of other vaccinations. To identify all young children who received the first oral polio vaccination, including those identified through the mother's report rather than a dated vaccination card, see VACOPV1 (H4). 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Polio vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Month child received oral polio 1 vaccination 445. (1) COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. (2) WRITE '44' IN 'DAY' COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 0 (POLIO GIVEN AT BIRTH) DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ MEASLES DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ VACOPV1MO (H4M) reports the month that children received their first oral polio vaccination. This information is only available for children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey whose first oral polio vaccination date was recorded on a card shown to the interviewer. The complementary variables VACOPV1DAY (H4D) and VACOPV1YR (H4Y) report the day of the month and the year of the first oral polio vaccination, as recorded on a vaccination card shown to the interviewer. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the vaccination date may be coded as "Inconsistent" if the reported date is inconsistent with the date of birth, the date of interview, or the dates of other vaccinations. To identify all young children who received the first oral polio vaccination, including those identified through the mother's report rather than a dated vaccination card, see VACOPV1 (H4). 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Polio vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Year child received oral polio 1 vaccination 445. (1) COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. (2) WRITE '44' IN 'DAY' COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 0 (POLIO GIVEN AT BIRTH) DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ MEASLES DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ VACOPV1YR (H4Y) reports the year that children received their first oral polio vaccination. This information is only available for children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey whose first oral polio vaccination date was recorded on a card shown to the interviewer. The complementary variables VACOPV1DAY (H4D) and VACOPV1MO (H4M) report the day of the month and the month of the first oral polio vaccination, as recorded on a vaccination card shown to the interviewer. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the vaccination date may be coded as "Inconsistent" if the reported date is inconsistent with the date of birth, the date of interview, or the dates of other vaccinations. To identify all young children who received the first oral polio vaccination, including those identified through the mother's report rather than a dated vaccination card, see VACOPV1 (H4). 2018 2018 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 9996 Inconsistent 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) 2017 2017 1981 1981 Polio vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Child received oral polio 2 vaccination 445. (1) COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. (2) WRITE '44' IN 'DAY' COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 0 (POLIO GIVEN AT BIRTH) DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ MEASLES DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ For children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey, VACOPV2 (H6) indicates whether the child has received the second in a series of oral polio vaccines. The oral polio vaccination primary series usually consists of a birth dose and 3 additional administrations. The complementary variables VACOPV0 (H0), VACOPV1 (H4), and VACOPV3 (H8) report the birth, first, and third administrations, respectively. VACOPV2 uses composite coding, with a first digit of 2 indicating the child has been vaccinated and the second digit indicating the source of information (a dated entry on the vaccination card, an undated mark on the vaccination card, or the mother's report). 10 No 20 Yes, any information source 21 Yes, from vac card 22 Yes, date on vaccination card 23 Yes, from vac card w/out date 24 Yes, from mother's report 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Polio vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Day child received oral polio 2 vaccination 445. (1) COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. (2) WRITE '44' IN 'DAY' COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 0 (POLIO GIVEN AT BIRTH) DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ MEASLES DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ VACOPV2DAY (H6D) reports the day of the month that children received their second oral polio vaccination. This information is only available for children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey whose second oral polio vaccination date was recorded on a card shown to the interviewer. The complementary variables VACOPV2MO (H6M) and VACOPV2YR (H6Y) report the month and the year of the second oral polio vaccination, as recorded on a vaccination card shown to the interviewer. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the vaccination date may be coded as "Inconsistent" if the reported date is inconsistent with the date of birth, the date of interview, or the dates of other vaccinations. To identify all young children who received the second oral polio vaccination, including those identified through the mother's report rather than a dated vaccination card, see VACOPV2 (H6). 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Polio vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Month child received oral polio 2 vaccination 445. (1) COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. (2) WRITE '44' IN 'DAY' COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 0 (POLIO GIVEN AT BIRTH) DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ MEASLES DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ VACOPV2MO (H6M) reports the month that children received their second oral polio vaccination. This information is only available for children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey whose second oral polio vaccination date was recorded on a card shown to the interviewer. The complementary variables VACOPV2DAY (H6D) and VACOPV2YR (H6Y) report the day of the month and the year of the second oral polio vaccination, as recorded on a vaccination card shown to the interviewer. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the vaccination date may be coded as "Inconsistent" if the reported date is inconsistent with the date of birth, the date of interview, or the dates of other vaccinations. To identify all young children who received the second oral polio vaccination, including those identified through the mother's report rather than a dated vaccination card, see VACOPV2 (H6). 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Polio vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Year child received oral polio 2 vaccination 445. (1) COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. (2) WRITE '44' IN 'DAY' COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 0 (POLIO GIVEN AT BIRTH) DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ MEASLES DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ VACOPV2YR (H6Y) reports the year that children received their second oral polio vaccination. This information is only available for children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey whose second oral polio vaccination date was recorded on a card shown to the interviewer. The complementary variables VACOPV2DAY (H6D) and VACOPV2MO (H6M) report the day of the month and the month of the second oral polio vaccination, as recorded on a vaccination card shown to the interviewer. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the vaccination date may be coded as "Inconsistent" if the reported date is inconsistent with the date of birth, the date of interview, or the dates of other vaccinations. To identify all young children who received the second oral polio vaccination, including those identified through the mother's report rather than a dated vaccination card, see VACOPV2 (H6). 2018 2018 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 9996 Inconsistent 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) 2017 2017 Polio vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Child received oral polio 3 vaccination 445. (1) COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. (2) WRITE '44' IN 'DAY' COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 0 (POLIO GIVEN AT BIRTH) DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ MEASLES DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ For children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey, VACOPV3 (H8) indicates whether the child has received the third in a series of oral polio vaccines. The oral polio vaccination primary series usually consists of a birth dose and 3 additional administrations. The complementary variables VACOPV0 (H0), VACOPV1 (H4), and VACOPV2 (H6) report the birth, first, and second administrations, respectively. VACOPV3 uses composite coding, with a first digit of 2 indicating the child has been vaccinated and the second digit indicating the source of information (a dated entry on the vaccination card, an undated mark on the vaccination card, or the mother's report). 10 No 20 Yes, any information source 21 Yes, from vaccination card 22 Yes, date on vaccination card 23 Yes, from vac card w/out date 24 Yes, from mother's report 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Polio vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Day child received polio 3 vaccination 445. (1) COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. (2) WRITE '44' IN 'DAY' COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 0 (POLIO GIVEN AT BIRTH) DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ MEASLES DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ VACOPV3DAY (H8D) reports the day of the month that children received their third oral polio vaccination. This information is only available for children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey whose third oral polio vaccination date was recorded on a card shown to the interviewer. The complementary variables VACOPV3MO (H8M) and VACOPV3YR (H8Y) report the month and the year of the third oral polio vaccination, as recorded on a vaccination card shown to the interviewer. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the vaccination date may be coded as "Inconsistent" if the reported date is inconsistent with the date of birth, the date of interview, or the dates of other vaccinations. To identify all young children who received the third oral polio vaccination, including those identified through the mother's report rather than a dated vaccination card, see VACOPV3 (H8). 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Polio vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Month child received oral polio 3 vaccination 445. (1) COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. (2) WRITE '44' IN 'DAY' COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 0 (POLIO GIVEN AT BIRTH) DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ MEASLES DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ VACOPV3MO (H8M) reports the month that children received their third oral polio vaccination. This information is only available for children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey whose third oral polio vaccination date was recorded on a card shown to the interviewer. The complementary variables VACOPV3DAY (H8D) and VACOPV3YR (H8Y) report the day of the month and the year of the third oral polio vaccination, as recorded on a vaccination card shown to the interviewer. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the vaccination date may be coded as "Inconsistent" if the reported date is inconsistent with the date of birth, the date of interview, or the dates of other vaccinations. To identify all young children who received the third oral polio vaccination, including those identified through the mother's report rather than a dated vaccination card, see VACOPV3 (H8). 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Polio vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Year child received oral polio 3 vaccination 445. (1) COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. (2) WRITE '44' IN 'DAY' COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 0 (POLIO GIVEN AT BIRTH) DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ MEASLES DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ VACOPV3YR (H8Y) reports the year that children received their third oral polio vaccination. This information is only available for children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey whose third oral polio vaccination date was recorded on a card shown to the interviewer. The complementary variables VACOPV3DAY (H8D) and VACOPV3MO (H8M) report the day of the month and the month of the third oral polio vaccination, as recorded on a vaccination card shown to the interviewer. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the vaccination date may be coded as "Inconsistent" if the reported date is inconsistent with the date of birth, the date of interview, or the dates of other vaccinations. To identify all young children who received the third oral polio vaccination, including those identified through the mother's report rather than a dated vaccination card, see VACOPV3 (H8). 2018 2018 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 9996 Inconsistent 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) 2017 2017 Polio vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Child received DPT (diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus) 1 vaccination 445. (1) COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. (2) WRITE '44' IN 'DAY' COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 0 (POLIO GIVEN AT BIRTH) DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ MEASLES DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ For children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey, VACDPT1 (H3) indicates whether the child has received the first in a series of DPT vaccinations against diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus. The DPT vaccination is often given as an injection in the thigh or buttocks, often at the same time as polio drops. The DPT vaccination primary series usually consists of 3 administrations, and the complementary variables VACDPT2 (H5) and VACDPT3 (H7) report the second and third administrations, respectively. VACDPT1 uses composite coding, with a first digit of 2 indicating the child has been vaccinated and the second digit indicating the source of information (a dated entry on the vaccination card, an undated mark on the vaccination card, or the mother's report). 10 No 20 Yes, any information source 21 Yes, from vac card 22 Yes, date on vaccination card 23 Yes, from vac card w/out date 24 Yes, from mother's report 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) DPT-HB-Hib vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Day child received DPT (diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus) 1 vaccination 445. (1) COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. (2) WRITE '44' IN 'DAY' COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 0 (POLIO GIVEN AT BIRTH) DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ MEASLES DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ VACDPT1DAY (H3D) reports the day of the month that children received their first DPT vaccination. This information is only available for children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey whose first DPT vaccination date was recorded on a card shown to the interviewer. The complementary variables VACDPT1MO (H3M) and VACDPT1YR (H3Y) report the month and the year of the first DPT vaccination, as recorded on a vaccination card shown to the interviewer. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the vaccination date may be coded as "Inconsistent" if the reported date is inconsistent with the date of birth, the date of interview, or the dates of other vaccinations. To identify all young children who received the first DPT vaccination, including those identified through the mother's report rather than a dated vaccination card, see VACDPT1 (H3). 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) DPT-HB-Hib vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Month child received DPT (diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus) 1 vaccination 445. (1) COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. (2) WRITE '44' IN 'DAY' COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 0 (POLIO GIVEN AT BIRTH) DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ MEASLES DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ VACDPT1MO (H3M) reports the month that children received their first DPT vaccination. This information is only available for children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey whose first DPT vaccination date was recorded on a card shown to the interviewer. The complementary variables VACDPT1DAY (H3D) and VACDPT1YR (H3Y) report the day of the month and the year of the first DPT vaccination, as recorded on a vaccination card shown to the interviewer. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the vaccination date may be coded as "Inconsistent" if the reported date is inconsistent with the date of birth, the date of interview, or the dates of other vaccinations. To identify all young children who received the first DPT vaccination, including those identified through the mother's report rather than a dated vaccination card, see VACDPT1 (H3). 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) DPT-HB-Hib vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Year child received DPT (diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus) 1 vaccination 445. (1) COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. (2) WRITE '44' IN 'DAY' COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 0 (POLIO GIVEN AT BIRTH) DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ MEASLES DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ VACDPT1YR (H3Y) reports the year that children received their first DPT vaccination. This information is only available for children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey whose first DPT vaccination date was recorded on a card shown to the interviewer. The complementary variables VACDPT1DAY (H3D) and VACDPT1MO (H3M) report the day of the month and the month of the first DPT vaccination, as recorded on a vaccination card shown to the interviewer. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the vaccination date may be coded as "Inconsistent" if the reported date is inconsistent with the date of birth, the date of interview, or the dates of other vaccinations. To identify all young children who received the first DPT vaccination, including those identified through the mother's report rather than a dated vaccination card, see VACDPT1 (H3). 2016 2016 2015 2015 2014 2014 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 9996 Inconsistent 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) 1981 1981 DPT-HB-Hib vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Child received DPT (diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus) 2 vaccination 445. (1) COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. (2) WRITE '44' IN 'DAY' COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 0 (POLIO GIVEN AT BIRTH) DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ MEASLES DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ For children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey, VACDPT2 (H5) indicates whether the child has received the second in a series of DPT vaccinations against diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus. The DPT vaccination is often given as an injection in the thigh or buttocks, often at the same time as polio drops. The DPT vaccination primary series usually consists of 3 administrations, and the complementary variables VACDPT1 (H3) and VACDPT3 (H7) report the first and third administrations, respectively. VACDPT2 uses composite coding, with a first digit of 2 indicating the child has been vaccinated and the second digit indicating the source of information (a dated entry on the vaccination card, an undated mark on the vaccination card, or the mother's report). 10 No 20 Yes, any information source 21 Yes, from vac card 22 Yes, date on vaccination card 23 Yes, from vac card w/out date 24 Yes, from mother's report 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) DPT-HB-Hib vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Day child received DPT (diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus) 2 vaccination 445. (1) COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. (2) WRITE '44' IN 'DAY' COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 0 (POLIO GIVEN AT BIRTH) DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ MEASLES DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ VACDPT2DAY (H5D) reports the day of the month that children received their second DPT vaccination. This information is only available for children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey whose second DPT vaccination date was recorded on a card shown to the interviewer. The complementary variables VACDPT2MO (H5M) and VACDPT2YR (H5Y) report the month and the year of the second DPT vaccination, as recorded on a vaccination card shown to the interviewer. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the vaccination date may be coded as "Inconsistent" if the reported date is inconsistent with the date of birth, the date of interview, or the dates of other vaccinations. To identify all young children who received the second DPT vaccination, including those identified through the mother's report rather than a dated vaccination card, see VACDPT2 (H5). 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) DPT-HB-Hib vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Month child received DPT (diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus) 2 vaccination 445. (1) COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. (2) WRITE '44' IN 'DAY' COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 0 (POLIO GIVEN AT BIRTH) DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ MEASLES DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ VACDPT2MO (H5M) reports the month that children received their second DPT vaccination. This information is only available for children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey whose second DPT vaccination date was recorded on a card shown to the interviewer. The complementary variables VACDPT2DAY (H5D) and VACDPT2YR (H5Y) report the day of the month and the year of the second DPT vaccination, as recorded on a vaccination card shown to the interviewer. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the vaccination date may be coded as "Inconsistent" if the reported date is inconsistent with the date of birth, the date of interview, or the dates of other vaccinations. To identify all young children who received the second DPT vaccination, including those identified through the mother's report rather than a dated vaccination card, see VACDPT2 (H5). 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) DPT-HB-Hib vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Year child received DPT (diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus) 2 vaccination 445. (1) COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. (2) WRITE '44' IN 'DAY' COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 0 (POLIO GIVEN AT BIRTH) DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ MEASLES DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ VACDPT2YR (H5Y) reports the year that children received their second DPT vaccination. This information is only available for children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey whose second DPT vaccination date was recorded on a card shown to the interviewer. The complementary variables VACDPT2DAY (H5D) and VACDPT2MO (H5M) report the day of the month and the month of the second DPT vaccination, as recorded on a vaccination card shown to the interviewer. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the vaccination date may be coded as "Inconsistent" if the reported date is inconsistent with the date of birth, the date of interview, or the dates of other vaccinations. To identify all young children who received the second DPT vaccination, including those identified through the mother's report rather than a dated vaccination card, see VACDPT2 (H5). 2016 2016 2015 2015 2014 2014 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 9996 Inconsistent 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) 1981 1981 DPT-HB-Hib vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Child received DPT (diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus) 3 vaccination 445. (1) COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. (2) WRITE '44' IN 'DAY' COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 0 (POLIO GIVEN AT BIRTH) DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ MEASLES DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ For children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey, VACDPT3 (H7) indicates whether the child has received the third in a series of DPT vaccinations against diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus. The DPT vaccination is often given as an injection in the thigh or buttocks, often at the same time as polio drops. The DPT vaccination primary series usually consists of 3 administrations, and the complementary variables VACDPT1 (H3) and VACDPT2 (H5) report the first and second administrations, respectively. VACDPT3 uses composite coding, with a first digit of 2 indicating the child has been vaccinated and the second digit indicating the source of information (a dated entry on the vaccination card, an undated mark on the vaccination card, or the mother's report). 10 No 20 Yes, any information source 21 Yes, from vac card 22 Yes, date on vaccination card 23 Yes, from vac card w/out date 24 Yes, from mother's report 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) DPT-HB-Hib vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Day child received DPT (diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus) 3 vaccination 445. (1) COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. (2) WRITE '44' IN 'DAY' COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 0 (POLIO GIVEN AT BIRTH) DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ MEASLES DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ VACDPT3DAY (H7D) reports the day of the month that children received their third DPT vaccination. This information is only available for children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey whose third DPT vaccination date was recorded on a card shown to the interviewer. The complementary variables VACDPT3MO (H7M) and VACDPT3YR (H7Y) report the month and the year of the third DPT vaccination, as recorded on a vaccination card shown to the interviewer. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the vaccination date may be coded as "Inconsistent" if the reported date is inconsistent with the date of birth, the date of interview, or the dates of other vaccinations. To identify all young children who received the third DPT vaccination, including those identified through the mother's report rather than a dated vaccination card, see VACDPT3 (H7). 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) DPT-HB-Hib vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Month child received DPT (diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus) 3 vaccination 445. (1) COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. (2) WRITE '44' IN 'DAY' COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 0 (POLIO GIVEN AT BIRTH) DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ MEASLES DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ VACDPT3MO (H7M) reports the month that children received their third DPT vaccination. This information is only available for children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey whose third DPT vaccination date was recorded on a card shown to the interviewer. The complementary variables VACDPT3DAY (H7D) and VACDPT3YR (H7Y) report the day of the month and the year of the third DPT vaccination, as recorded on a vaccination card shown to the interviewer. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the vaccination date may be coded as "Inconsistent" if the reported date is inconsistent with the date of birth, the date of interview, or the dates of other vaccinations. To identify all young children who received the third DPT vaccination, including those identified through the mother's report rather than a dated vaccination card, see VACDPT3 (H7). 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) DPT-HB-Hib vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Year child received DPT (diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus) 3 vaccination 445. (1) COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. (2) WRITE '44' IN 'DAY' COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 0 (POLIO GIVEN AT BIRTH) DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ MEASLES DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ VACDPT3YR (H7Y) reports the year that children received their third DPT vaccination. This information is only available for children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey whose third DPT vaccination date was recorded on a card shown to the interviewer. The complementary variables VACDPT3DAY (H7D) and VACDPT3MO (H7M) report the day of the month and the month of the third DPT vaccination, as recorded on a vaccination card shown to the interviewer. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the vaccination date may be coded as "Inconsistent" if the reported date is inconsistent with the date of birth, the date of interview, or the dates of other vaccinations. To identify all young children who received the third DPT vaccination, including those identified through the mother's report rather than a dated vaccination card, see VACDPT3 (H7). 2016 2016 2015 2015 2014 2014 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 9996 Inconsistent 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) DPT-HB-Hib vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Child received measles (or measles containing) 1 vaccination 445. (1) COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. (2) WRITE '44' IN 'DAY' COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 0 (POLIO GIVEN AT BIRTH) DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ MEASLES DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ For children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey, VACMEAS1 (H9) indicates whether the child has received the first in a series of measles (or measles-containing) vaccinations. The measles vaccination primary series usually consists of either 1 or 2 administrations, and the complementary variable VACMEAS2 (H9A) reports the second administration. VACMEAS1 uses composite coding, with a first digit of 2 indicating the child has been vaccinated and the second digit indicating the source of information (a dated entry on the vaccination card, an undated mark on the vaccination card, or the mother's report). 10 No 20 Yes, any information source 21 Yes, from vac card 22 Yes, date on vaccination card 23 Yes, from vac card w/out date 24 Yes, from mother's report 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Measles vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Day child received measles 1 vaccination 445. (1) COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. (2) WRITE '44' IN 'DAY' COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 0 (POLIO GIVEN AT BIRTH) DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ MEASLES DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ VACMEAS1DAY (H9D) reports the day of the month that children received their first measles or measles-containing vaccination. This information is only available for children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey whose first measles vaccination date was recorded on a card shown to the interviewer. The complementary variables VACMEAS1MO (H9M) and VACMEAS1YR (H9Y) report the month and the year of the first measles vaccination, as recorded on a vaccination card shown to the interviewer. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the vaccination date may be coded as "Inconsistent" if the reported date is inconsistent with the date of birth, the date of interview, or the dates of other vaccinations. To identify all young children who received the first measles vaccination, including those identified through the mother's report rather than a dated vaccination card, see VACMEAS1 (H9). 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Measles vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Month child received measles 1 vaccination 445. (1) COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. (2) WRITE '44' IN 'DAY' COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 0 (POLIO GIVEN AT BIRTH) DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ MEASLES DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ VACMEAS1MO (H9M) reports the month that children received their first measles or measles-containing vaccination. This information is only available for children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey whose first measles vaccination date was recorded on a card shown to the interviewer. The complementary variables VACMEAS1DAY (H9D) and VACMEAS1YR (H9Y) report the day of the month and the year of the first measles vaccination, as recorded on a vaccination card shown to the interviewer. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the vaccination date may be coded as "Inconsistent" if the reported date is inconsistent with the date of birth, the date of interview, or the dates of other vaccinations. To identify all young children who received the first measles vaccination, including those identified through the mother's report rather than a dated vaccination card, see VACMEAS1 (H9). 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Measles vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Year child received measles 1 vaccination 445. (1) COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. (2) WRITE '44' IN 'DAY' COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 0 (POLIO GIVEN AT BIRTH) DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ MEASLES DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ VACMEAS1YR (H9Y) reports the year that children received their first measles or measles-containing vaccination. This information is only available for children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey whose first measles vaccination date was recorded on a card shown to the interviewer. The complementary variables VACMEAS1DAY (H9D) and VACMEAS1MO (H9M) report the day of the month and the month of the first measles vaccination, as recorded on a vaccination card shown to the interviewer. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the vaccination date may be coded as "Inconsistent" if the reported date is inconsistent with the date of birth, the date of interview, or the dates of other vaccinations. To identify all young children who received the first measles vaccination, including those identified through the mother's report rather than a dated vaccination card, see VACMEAS1 (H9). 2017 2017 2018 2018 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 9996 Inconsistent 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) Measles vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Child has ever received Vitamin A dose 453C. Has (NAME) ever received a vitamin A dose like this one? SHOW VITAMIN A PILL. YES 1 NO 2 (GO TO 454) DOESN'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 454) VACVITAEVER (H41B) indicates whether the child ever received a dose of vitamin A. Information is drawn from the mother's response to a direct question about whether the child ever received a dose of vitamin A, rather than from the immunization card or from other questions about specific vitamin A doses and timing. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Vitamin A vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Months since child's last dose of vitamin A 453D. How long has it been since the last time (NAME) received a vitamin A pill? MONTHS ____ VACVITAMOSINCE reports the number of months since the child's most recent dose of vitamin A. Information is drawn from the mother's response to a direct question about the number of months since the child's most recent dose of vitamin A, rather than from the immunization card or from other questions about specific vitamin A doses and timing. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 83 84 84 85 85 95 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (Not in universe) Vitamin A vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Child received BCG (TB) vaccination 445. (1) COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. (2) WRITE '44' IN 'DAY' COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 0 (POLIO GIVEN AT BIRTH) DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ MEASLES DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ For children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey, VACBCG (H2) indicates whether the young child had received the BCG vaccination against tuberculosis. The BCG vaccination is typically given as in injection in the arm or shoulder, and it usually causes a scar. VACBCG uses composite coding, with a first digit of 2 indicating the child had been vaccinated and the second digit indicating the source of information (a dated entry on the vaccination card, an undated mark on the vaccination card, or the mother's report). 10 No 20 Yes, any information source 21 Yes, from vac card 22 Yes, date on vaccination card 23 Yes, from vac card w/out date 24 Yes, from mother's report 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Other vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Day child received BCG (TB) vaccination 445. (1) COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. (2) WRITE '44' IN 'DAY' COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 0 (POLIO GIVEN AT BIRTH) DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ MEASLES DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ VACBCGDAY (H2D) reports the day of the month that children received the BCG vaccination. This information is only available for children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey whose BCG vaccination date was recorded on a card shown to the interviewer. The complementary variables VACBCGMO (H2M) and VACBCGYR (H2Y) report the month and the year of the BCG vaccination, as recorded on a vaccination card shown to the interviewer. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the vaccination date may be coded as "Inconsistent" if the reported date is inconsistent with the date of birth, the date of interview, or the dates of other vaccinations. To identify all young children who received the BCG vaccination, including those identified through the mother's report rather than a dated vaccination card, see VACBCG (H2). 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Other vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Month child received BCG (TB) vaccination 445. (1) COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. (2) WRITE '44' IN 'DAY' COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 0 (POLIO GIVEN AT BIRTH) DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ MEASLES DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ VACBCGDAY (H2D) reports the month that children received the BCG vaccination. This information is only available for children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey whose BCG vaccination date was recorded on a card shown to the interviewer. The complementary variables VACBCGDAY (H2D) and VACBCGYR (H2Y) report the day of the month and the year of the BCG vaccination, as recorded on a vaccination card shown to the interviewer. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the vaccination date may be coded as "Inconsistent" if the reported date is inconsistent with the date of birth, the date of interview, or the dates of other vaccinations. To identify all young children who received the BCG vaccination, including those identified through the mother's report rather than a dated vaccination card, see VACBCG (H2). 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Other vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Year child received BCG (TB) vaccination 445. (1) COPY VACCINATION DATE FOR EACH VACCINE FROM THE CARD. (2) WRITE '44' IN 'DAY' COLUMN IF CARD SHOWS THAT A VACCINATION WAS GIVEN, BUT NO DATE IS RECORDED. BCG DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 0 (POLIO GIVEN AT BIRTH) DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ POLIO 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 1 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 2 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ DPT 3 DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ MEASLES DAY ____ MONTH ____ YEAR ____ VACBCGYR (H2Y) reports the year that children received the BCG vaccination. This information is only available for children born in the 3 to 5 years before the survey whose BCG vaccination date was recorded on a card shown to the interviewer. The complementary variables VACBCGDAY (H2D) and VACBCGMO (H2M) report the day of the month and the month of the BCG vaccination, as recorded on a vaccination card shown to the interviewer. According to the DHS Recode Manuals, the vaccination date may be coded as "Inconsistent" if the reported date is inconsistent with the date of birth, the date of interview, or the dates of other vaccinations. To identify all young children who received the BCG vaccination, including those identified through the mother's report rather than a dated vaccination card, see VACBCG (H2). 2016 2016 2015 2015 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 9996 Inconsistent 9997 Don't know 9998 Missing 9999 NIU (not in universe) 2014 2014 1981 1981 2017 2017 2018 2018 Other vaccinations Variables -- TOPICS Soil type SOIL reports the predominant soil type within a 5-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The soil attributes reported in SOIL are: soil class (e.g., Leptosols), with 30 class categories, and soil type within that class (e.g., Lithic Leptosols). SOIL is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. SOIL is based on data from SoilGrids [URL omitted from DDI.]. SoilGrids is a system for automated soil mapping based on global soil profile and covariate data. There are 118 different soil types in the world according to SoilGrids [URL omitted from DDI.]. For the full list of codes and their meaning, see the soil legend [URL omitted from DDI.]. SOIL, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -998 Missing 0001 Haplic Acrisols 0002 Haplic Acrisols (Alumic) 0003 Haplic Acrisols (Ferric) 0004 Haplic Acrisols (Humic) 0005 Plinthic Acrisols 0006 Vetic Acrisols 0007 Haplic Albeluvisols 0008 Histic Albeluvisols 0009 Umbric Albeluvisols 0010 Cutanic Alisols 0011 Haplic Alisols 0012 Aluandic Andosols 0013 Haplic Andosols 0014 Vitric Andosols 0015 Albic Arenosols 0016 Ferralic Arenosols 0017 Haplic Arenosols 0018 Haplic Arenosols (Calcaric) 0019 Hypoluvic Arenosols 0020 Protic Arenosols 0021 Haplic Calcisols 0022 Haplic Calcisols (Sodic) 0023 Luvic Calcisols 0024 Petric Calcisols 0025 Endogleyic Cambisols 0026 Ferralic Cambisols 0027 Haplic Cambisols 0028 Haplic Cambisols (Calcaric) 0029 Haplic Cambisols (Chromic) 0030 Haplic Cambisols (Dystric) 0031 Haplic Cambisols (Eutric) 0032 Haplic Cambisols (Humic) 0033 Haplic Cambisols (Sodic) 0034 Leptic Cambisols 0035 Vertic Cambisols 0036 Calcic Chernozems 0037 Haplic Chernozems 0038 Luvic Chernozems 0039 Haplic Cryosols 0040 Turbic Cryosols 0041 Vitric Cryosols 0042 Petric Durisols 0043 Acric Ferralsols 0044 Haplic Ferralsols 0045 Haplic Ferralsols (Rhodic) 0046 Haplic Ferralsols (Xanthic) 0047 Umbric Ferralsols 0048 Haplic Fluvisols 0049 Haplic Fluvisols (Arenic) 0050 Haplic Fluvisols (Calcaric) 0051 Haplic Fluvisols (Dystric) 0052 Haplic Fluvisols (Eutric) 0053 Calcic Gleysols 0054 Haplic Gleysols 0055 Haplic Gleysols (Dystric) 0056 Haplic Gleysols (Eutric) 0057 Mollic Gleysols 0058 Umbric Gleysols 0059 Calcic Gypsisols 0060 Haplic Gypsisols 0061 Calcic Histosols 0062 Cryic Histosols 0063 Fibric Histosols 0064 Hemic Histosols 0065 Sapric Histosols 0066 Calcic Kastanozems 0067 Haplic Kastanozems 0068 Haplic Leptosols 0069 Haplic Leptosols (Eutric) 0070 Lithic Leptosols 0071 Mollic Leptosols 0072 Rendzic Leptosols 0073 Haplic Lixisols 0074 Haplic Lixisols (Chromic) 0075 Haplic Lixisols (Ferric) 0076 Albic Luvisols 0077 Calcic Luvisols 0078 Gleyic Luvisols 0079 Haplic Luvisols 0080 Haplic Luvisols (Chromic) 0081 Haplic Luvisols (Ferric) 0082 Leptic Luvisols 0083 Stagnic Luvisols 0084 Vertic Luvisols 0085 Alic Nitisols 0086 Haplic Nitisols (Rhodic) 0087 Haplic Phaeozems 0088 Leptic Phaeozems 0089 Luvic Phaeozems 0090 Endogleyic Planosols 0091 Haplic Planosols (Dystric) 0092 Haplic Planosols (Eutric) 0093 Luvic Planosols 0094 Solodic Planosols 0095 Acric Plinthosols 0096 Lixic Plinthosols 0097 Gleyic Podzols 0098 Haplic Podzols 0099 Aric Regosols 0100 Calcaric Regosols 0101 Haplic Regosols (Dystric) 0102 Haplic Regosols (Eutric) 0103 Haplic Regosols (Sodic) 0104 Leptic Regosols 0105 Gypsic Solonchaks 0106 Haplic Solonchaks 0107 Haplic Solonchaks (Sodic) 0108 Calcic Solonetz 0109 Gleyic Solonetz 0110 Haplic Solonetz 0111 Mollic Solonetz 0112 Luvic Stagnosols 0113 Haplic Umbrisols 0114 Leptic Umbrisols 0115 Calcic Vertisols 0116 Haplic Vertisols 0117 Haplic Vertisols (Eutric) 0118 Mollic Vertisols Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Ecoregion of household ECOREGION reports the predominant terrestrial ecoregion within a 5-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. ECOREGION reports the biogeographic region (e.g., Afrotropic), the habitat type (e.g., tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands), and the ecoregion (e.g., East Sudanian savanna) that are associated with each cluster location. ECOREGION is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. There are 825 terrestrial ecoregions in the world. Ecoregions are relatively large units of land containing distinct assemblages of natural communities and species, with boundaries that approximate the original extent of natural communities prior to major land-use change. The 5-digit codes in ECOREGION (e.g., 30129) include a 1-digit realm code (with 8 possible values), followed by a 2-digit biome code (with 14 possible values), and then a 2-digit ecoregion number. For the full list of codes and their meaning, see the ecoregion legend [URL omitted from DDI.]. ECOREGION, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -0998 Missing 10101 Admiralty Islands lowland rain forests 10102 Banda Sea Islands moist deciduous forests 10103 Biak-Numfoor rain forests 10104 Buru rain forests 10105 Central Range montane rain forests 10106 Halmahera rain forests 10107 Huon Peninsula montane rain forests 10108 Yapen rain forests 10109 Lord Howe Island subtropical forests 10110 Louisiade Archipelago rain forests 10111 New Britain-New Ireland lowland rain forests 10112 New Britain-New Ireland montane rain forests 10113 New Caledonia rain forests 10114 Norfolk Island subtropical forests 10115 Northern New Guinea lowland rain and freshwater swamp forests 10116 Northern New Guinea montane rain forests 10117 Queensland tropical rain forests 10118 Seram rain forests 10119 Solomon Islands rain forests 10120 Southeastern Papuan rain forests 10121 Southern New Guinea freshwater swamp forests 10122 Southern New Guinea lowland rain forests 10123 Sulawesi lowland rain forests 10124 Sulawesi montane rain forests 10125 Trobriand Islands rain forests 10126 Vanuatu rain forests 10127 Vogelkop montane rain forests 10128 Vogelkop-Aru lowland rain forests 10201 Lesser Sundas deciduous forests 10202 New Caledonia dry forests 10203 Sumba deciduous forests 10204 Timor and Wetar deciduous forests 10401 Chatham Island temperate forests 10402 Eastern Australian temperate forests 10403 Fiordland temperate forests 10404 Nelson Coast temperate forests 10405 North Island temperate forests 10406 Northland temperate kauri forests 10407 Rakiura Island temperate forests 10408 Richmond temperate forests 10409 Southeast Australia temperate forests 10410 South Island temperate forests 10411 Tasmanian Central Highland forests 10412 Tasmanian temperate forests 10413 Tasmanian temperate rain forests 10414 Westland temperate forests 10701 Arnhem Land tropical savanna 10702 Brigalow tropical savanna 10703 Cape York Peninsula tropical savanna 10704 Carpentaria tropical savanna 10705 Einasleigh upland savanna 10706 Kimberly tropical savanna 10707 Mitchell grass downs 10708 Trans Fly savanna and grasslands 10709 Victoria Plains tropical savanna 10801 Cantebury-Otago tussock grasslands 10802 Eastern Australia mulga shrublands 10803 Southeast Australia temperate savanna 11001 Australian Alps montane grasslands 11002 Central Range sub-alpine grasslands 11003 South Island montane grasslands 11101 Antipodes Subantarctic Islands tundra 11201 Coolgardie woodlands 11202 Esperance mallee 11203 Eyre and York mallee 11204 Jarrah-Karri forest and shrublands 11205 Swan Coastal Plain Scrub and Woodlands 11206 Mount Lofty woodlands 11207 Murray-Darling woodlands and mallee 11208 Naracoorte woodlands 11209 Southwest Australia savanna 11210 Southwest Australia woodlands 11301 Carnarvon xeric shrublands 11302 Central Ranges xeric scrub 11303 Gibson desert 11304 Great Sandy-Tanami desert 11305 Great Victoria desert 11306 Nullarbor Plains xeric shrublands 11307 Pilbara shrublands 11308 Simpson desert 11309 Tirari-Sturt stony desert 11310 Western Australian Mulga shrublands 11401 New Guinea mangroves 21101 Marielandia Antarctic tundra 21102 Maudlandia Antarctic desert 21103 Scotia Sea Islands tundra 21104 Southern Indian Ocean Islands tundra 30101 Albertine Rift montane forests 30102 Atlantic Equatorial coastal forests 30103 Cameroonian Highlands forests 30104 Central Congolian lowland forests 30105 Comoros forests 30106 Cross-Niger transition forests 30107 Cross-Sanaga-Bioko coastal forests 30108 East African montane forests 30109 Eastern Arc forests 30110 Eastern Congolian swamp forests 30111 Eastern Guinean forests 30112 Ethiopian montane forests 30113 Granitic Seychelles forests 30114 Guinean montane forests 30115 Knysna-Amatole montane forests 30116 KwaZulu-Cape coastal forest mosaic 30117 Madagascar lowland forests 30118 Madagascar subhumid forests 30119 Maputaland coastal forest mosaic 30120 Mascarene forests 30121 Mount Cameroon and Bioko montane forests 30122 Niger Delta swamp forests 30123 Nigerian lowland forests 30124 Northeastern Congolian lowland forests 30125 Northern Zanzibar-Inhambane coastal forest mosaic 30126 Northwestern Congolian lowland forests 30127 Sao Tome, Principe and Annobon moist lowland forests 30128 Southern Zanzibar-Inhambane coastal forest mosaic 30129 Western Congolian swamp forests 30130 Western Guinean lowland forests 30201 Cape Verde Islands dry forests 30202 Madagascar dry deciduous forests 30203 Zambezian Cryptosepalum dry forests 30701 Angolan Miombo woodlands 30702 Angolan Mopane woodlands 30703 Ascension scrub and grasslands 30704 Central Zambezian Miombo woodlands 30705 East Sudanian savanna 30706 Eastern Miombo woodlands 30707 Guinean forest-savanna mosaic 30708 Itigi-Sumbu thicket 30709 Kalahari Acacia-Baikiaea woodlands 30710 Mandara Plateau mosaic 30711 Northern Acacia-Commiphora bushlands and thickets 30712 Northern Congolian forest-savanna mosaic 30713 Sahelian Acacia savanna 30714 Serengeti volcanic grasslands 30715 Somali Acacia-Commiphora bushlands and thickets 30716 Southern Acacia-Commiphora bushlands and thickets 30717 Southern Africa bushveld 30718 Southern Congolian forest-savanna mosaic 30719 Southern Miombo woodlands 30720 St. Helena scrub and woodlands 30721 Victoria Basin forest-savanna mosaic 30722 West Sudanian savanna 30723 Western Congolian forest-savanna mosaic 30724 Western Zambezian grasslands 30725 Zambezian and Mopane woodlands 30726 Zambezian Baikiaea woodlands 30801 Al Hajar montane woodlands 30802 Amsterdam and Saint-Paul Islands temperate grasslands 30803 Tristan Da Cunha-Gough Islands shrub and grasslands 30901 East African halophytics 30902 Etosha Pan halophytics 30903 Inner Niger Delta flooded savanna 30904 Lake Chad flooded savanna 30905 Saharan flooded grasslands 30906 Zambezian coastal flooded savanna 30907 Zambezian flooded grasslands 30908 Zambezian halophytics 31001 Angolan montane forest-grassland mosaic 31002 Angolan scarp savanna and woodlands 31003 Drakensberg alti-montane grasslands and woodlands 31004 Drakensberg montane grasslands, woodlands and forests 31005 East African montane moorlands 31006 Eastern Zimbabwe montane forest-grassland mosaic 31007 Ethiopian montane grasslands and woodlands 31008 Ethiopian montane moorlands 31009 Highveld grasslands 31010 Jos Plateau forest-grassland mosaic 31011 Madagascar ericoid thickets 31012 Maputaland-Pondoland bushland and thickets 31013 Rwenzori-Virunga montane moorlands 31014 South Malawi montane forest-grassland mosaic 31015 Southern Rift montane forest-grassland mosaic 31201 Albany thickets 31202 Lowland fynbos and renosterveld 31203 Montane fynbos and renosterveld 31301 Aldabra Island xeric scrub 31302 Arabian Peninsula coastal fog desert 31303 East Saharan montane xeric woodlands 31304 Eritrean coastal desert 31305 Ethiopian xeric grasslands and shrublands 31306 Gulf of Oman desert and semi-desert 31307 Hobyo grasslands and shrublands 31308 Ile Europa and Bassas da India xeric scrub 31309 Kalahari xeric savanna 31310 Kaokoveld desert 31311 Madagascar spiny thickets 31312 Madagascar succulent woodlands 31313 Masai xeric grasslands and shrublands 31314 Nama Karoo 31315 Namib desert 31316 Namibian savanna woodlands 31318 Socotra Island xeric shrublands 31319 Somali montane xeric woodlands 31320 Southwestern Arabian foothills savanna 31321 Southwestern Arabian montane woodlands 31322 Succulent Karoo 31401 Central African mangroves 31402 East African mangroves 31403 Guinean mangroves 31404 Madagascar mangroves 31405 Southern Africa mangroves 40101 Andaman Islands rain forests 40102 Borneo lowland rain forests 40103 Borneo montane rain forests 40104 Borneo peat swamp forests 40105 Brahmaputra Valley semi-evergreen forests 40106 Cardamom Mountains rain forests 40107 Chao Phraya freshwater swamp forests 40108 Chao Phraya lowland moist deciduous forests 40109 Chin Hills-Arakan Yoma montane forests 40110 Christmas and Cocos Islands tropical forests 40111 Eastern highlands moist deciduous forests 40112 Eastern Java-Bali montane rain forests 40113 Eastern Java-Bali rain forests 40114 Greater Negros-Panay rain forests 40115 Himalayan subtropical broadleaf forests 40116 Irrawaddy freshwater swamp forests 40117 Irrawaddy moist deciduous forests 40118 Jian Nan subtropical evergreen forests 40119 Kayah-Karen montane rain forests 40120 Lower Gangetic Plains moist deciduous forests 40121 Luang Prabang montane rain forests 40122 Luzon montane rain forests 40123 Luzon rain forests 40124 Malabar Coast moist forests 40125 Maldives-Lakshadweep-Chagos Archipelago tropical moist forests 40126 Meghalaya subtropical forests 40127 Mentawai Islands rain forests 40128 Mindanao montane rain forests 40129 Mindanao-Eastern Visayas rain forests 40130 Mindoro rain forests 40131 Mizoram-Manipur-Kachin rain forests 40132 Myanmar coastal rain forests 40133 Nicobar Islands rain forests 40134 North Western Ghats moist deciduous forests 40135 North Western Ghats montane rain forests 40136 Northern Annamites rain forests 40137 Northern Indochina subtropical forests 40138 Northern Khorat Plateau moist deciduous forests 40139 Northern Thailand-Laos moist deciduous forests 40140 Northern Triangle subtropical forests 40141 Northern Vietnam lowland rain forests 40142 Orissa semi-evergreen forests 40143 Palawan rain forests 40144 Peninsular Malaysian montane rain forests 40145 Peninsular Malaysian peat swamp forests 40146 Peninsular Malaysian rain forests 40147 Red River freshwater swamp forests 40148 South China Sea Islands 40149 South China-Vietnam subtropical evergreen forests 40150 South Western Ghats moist deciduous forests 40151 South Western Ghats montane rain forests 40152 Southern Annamites montane rain forests 40153 Southwest Borneo freshwater swamp forests 40154 Sri Lanka lowland rain forests 40155 Sri Lanka montane rain forests 40156 Sulu Archipelago rain forests 40157 Sumatran freshwater swamp forests 40158 Sumatran lowland rain forests 40159 Sumatran montane rain forests 40160 Sumatran peat swamp forests 40161 Sundaland heath forests 40162 Sundarbans freshwater swamp forests 40163 Tenasserim-South Thailand semi-evergreen rain forests 40164 Tonle Sap freshwater swamp forests 40165 Tonle Sap-Mekong peat swamp forests 40166 Upper Gangetic Plains moist deciduous forests 40167 Western Java montane rain forests 40168 Western Java rain forests 40169 Hainan Island monsoon rain forests 40170 Nansei Islands subtropical evergreen forests 40171 South Taiwan monsoon rain forests 40172 Taiwan subtropical evergreen forests 40201 Central Deccan Plateau dry deciduous forests 40202 Central Indochina dry forests 40203 Chhota-Nagpur dry deciduous forests 40204 East Deccan dry-evergreen forests 40205 Irrawaddy dry forests 40206 Khathiar-Gir dry deciduous forests 40207 Narmada Valley dry deciduous forests 40208 Northern dry deciduous forests 40209 South Deccan Plateau dry deciduous forests 40210 Southeastern Indochina dry evergreen forests 40211 Southern Vietnam lowland dry forests 40212 Sri Lanka dry-zone dry evergreen forests 40301 Himalayan subtropical pine forests 40302 Luzon tropical pine forests 40303 Northeast India-Myanmar pine forests 40304 Sumatran tropical pine forests 40401 Eastern Himalayan broadleaf forests 40402 Northern Triangle temperate forests 40403 Western Himalayan broadleaf forests 40501 Eastern Himalayan subalpine conifer forests 40502 Western Himalayan subalpine conifer forests 40701 Terai-Duar savanna and grasslands 40901 Rann of Kutch seasonal salt marsh 41001 Kinabalu montane alpine meadows 41301 Deccan thorn scrub forests 41302 Indus Valley desert 41303 Northwestern thorn scrub forests 41304 Thar desert 41401 Goadavari-Krishna mangroves 41402 Indochina mangroves 41403 Indus River Delta-Arabian Sea mangroves 41404 Myanmar Coast mangroves 41405 Sunda Shelf mangroves 41406 Sundarbans mangroves 50201 Sonoran-Sinaloan transition subtropical dry forest 50301 Bermuda subtropical conifer forests 50302 Sierra Madre Occidental pine-oak forests 50303 Sierra Madre Oriental pine-oak forests 50401 Allegheny Highlands forests 50402 Appalachian mixed mesophytic forests 50403 Appalachian-Blue Ridge forests 50404 Central U.S. hardwood forests 50405 East Central Texas forests 50406 Eastern forest-boreal transition 50407 Eastern Great Lakes lowland forests 50408 Gulf of St. Lawrence lowland forests 50409 Mississippi lowland forests 50410 New England-Acadian forests 50411 Northeastern coastal forests 50412 Ozark Mountain forests 50413 Southeastern mixed forests 50414 Southern Great Lakes forests 50415 Upper Midwest forest-savanna transition 50416 Western Great Lakes forests 50417 Willamette Valley forests 50501 Alberta Mountain forests 50502 Alberta-British Columbia foothills forests 50503 Arizona Mountains forests 50504 Atlantic coastal pine barrens 50505 Blue Mountains forests 50506 British Columbia mainland coastal forests 50507 Cascade Mountains leeward forests 50508 Central and Southern Cascades forests 50509 Central British Columbia Mountain forests 50510 Central Pacific coastal forests 50511 Colorado Rockies forests 50512 Eastern Cascades forests 50513 Florida sand pine scrub 50514 Fraser Plateau and Basin complex 50515 Great Basin montane forests 50516 Klamath-Siskiyou forests 50517 Middle Atlantic coastal forests 50518 North Central Rockies forests 50519 Northern California coastal forests 50520 Northern Pacific coastal forests 50521 Northern transitional alpine forests 50522 Okanagan dry forests 50523 Piney Woods forests 50524 Puget lowland forests 50525 Queen Charlotte Islands 50526 Sierra Juarez and San Pedro Martir pine-oak forests 50527 Sierra Nevada forests 50528 South Central Rockies forests 50529 Southeastern conifer forests 50530 Wasatch and Uinta montane forests 50601 Alaska Peninsula montane taiga 50602 Central Canadian Shield forests 50603 Cook Inlet taiga 50604 Copper Plateau taiga 50605 Eastern Canadian forests 50606 Eastern Canadian Shield taiga 50607 Interior Alaska-Yukon lowland taiga 50608 Mid-Continental Canadian forests 50609 Midwestern Canadian Shield forests 50610 Muskwa-Slave Lake forests 50611 Newfoundland Highland forests 50612 Northern Canadian Shield taiga 50613 Northern Cordillera forests 50614 Northwest Territories taiga 50615 South Avalon-Burin oceanic barrens 50616 Southern Hudson Bay taiga 50617 Yukon Interior dry forests 50701 Western Gulf coastal grasslands 50801 California Central Valley grasslands 50802 Canadian Aspen forests and parklands 50803 Central and Southern mixed grasslands 50804 Central forest-grasslands transition 50805 Central tall grasslands 50806 Edwards Plateau savanna 50807 Flint Hills tall grasslands 50808 Montana Valley and Foothill grasslands 50809 Nebraska Sand Hills mixed grasslands 50810 Northern mixed grasslands 50811 Northern short grasslands 50812 Northern tall grasslands 50813 Palouse grasslands 50814 Texas blackland prairies 50815 Western short grasslands 51101 Alaska-St. Elias Range tundra 51102 Aleutian Islands tundra 51103 Arctic coastal tundra 51104 Arctic foothills tundra 51105 Baffin coastal tundra 51106 Beringia lowland tundra 51107 Beringia upland tundra 51108 Brooks-British Range tundra 51109 Davis Highlands tundra 51110 High Arctic tundra 51111 Interior Yukon-Alaska alpine tundra 51112 Kalaallit Nunaat high arctic tundra 51113 Kalaallit Nunaat low arctic tundra 51114 Low Arctic tundra 51115 Middle Arctic tundra 51116 Ogilvie-MacKenzie alpine tundra 51117 Pacific Coastal Mountain icefields and tundra 51118 Torngat Mountain tundra 51201 California coastal sage and chaparral 51202 California interior chaparral and woodlands 51203 California montane chaparral and woodlands 51301 Baja California desert 51302 Central Mexican matorral 51303 Chihuahuan desert 51304 Colorado Plateau shrublands 51305 Great Basin shrub steppe 51306 Gulf of California xeric scrub 51307 Meseta Central matorral 51308 Mojave desert 51309 Snake-Columbia shrub steppe 51310 Sonoran desert 51311 Tamaulipan matorral 51312 Tamaulipan mezquital 51313 Wyoming Basin shrub steppe 60101 Araucaria moist forests 60102 Atlantic Coast restingas 60103 Bahia coastal forests 60104 Bahia interior forests 60105 Bolivian Yungas 60106 Caatinga Enclaves moist forests 60107 Caqueta moist forests 60108 Catatumbo moist forests 60109 Cauca Valley montane forests 60110 Cayos Miskitos-San Andrés and Providencia moist forests 60111 Central American Atlantic moist forests 60112 Central American montane forests 60113 Chiapas montane forests 60114 Chimalapas montane forests 60115 Chocó-Darién moist forests 60116 Cocos Island moist forests 60117 Cordillera La Costa montane forests 60118 Cordillera Oriental montane forests 60119 Costa Rican seasonal moist forests 60120 Cuban moist forests 60121 Eastern Cordillera real montane forests 60122 Eastern Panamanian montane forests 60123 Fernando de Noronha-Atol das Rocas moist forests 60124 Guianan Highlands moist forests 60125 Guianan moist forests 60126 Gurupa varzeá 60127 Hispaniolan moist forests 60128 Iquitos varzeá 60129 Isthmian-Atlantic moist forests 60130 Isthmian-Pacific moist forests 60131 Jamaican moist forests 60132 Japurá-Solimoes-Negro moist forests 60133 Juruá-Purus moist forests 60134 Leeward Islands moist forests 60135 Madeira-Tapajós moist forests 60136 Magdalena Valley montane forests 60137 Magdalena-Urabá moist forests 60138 Marajó varzeá 60139 Maranhão Babaçu forests 60140 Mato Grosso seasonal forests 60141 Monte Alegre varzeá 60142 Napo moist forests 60143 Negro-Branco moist forests 60144 Northeastern Brazil restingas 60145 Northwestern Andean montane forests 60146 Oaxacan montane forests 60147 Orinoco Delta swamp forests 60148 Pantanos de Centla 60149 Guianan freshwater swamp forests 60150 Alto Paraná Atlantic forests 60151 Pernambuco coastal forests 60152 Pernambuco interior forests 60153 Peruvian Yungas 60154 Petén-Veracruz moist forests 60155 Puerto Rican moist forests 60156 Purus varzeá 60157 Purus-Madeira moist forests 60158 Rio Negro campinarana 60159 Santa Marta montane forests 60160 Serra do Mar coastal forests 60161 Sierra de los Tuxtlas 60162 Sierra Madre de Chiapas moist forests 60163 Solimões-Japurá moist forests 60164 South Florida rocklands 60165 Southern Andean Yungas 60166 Southwest Amazon moist forests 60167 Talamancan montane forests 60168 Tapajós-Xingu moist forests 60169 Pantepui 60170 Tocantins/Pindare moist forests 60171 Trinidad and Tobago moist forests 60172 Trindade-Martin Vaz Islands tropical forests 60173 Uatuma-Trombetas moist forests 60174 Ucayali moist forests 60175 Venezuelan Andes montane forests 60176 Veracruz moist forests 60177 Veracruz montane forests 60178 Western Ecuador moist forests 60179 Windward Islands moist forests 60180 Xingu-Tocantins-Araguaia moist forests 60181 Yucatán moist forests 60182 Guianan piedmont and lowland moist forests 60201 Apure-Villavicencio dry forests 60202 Atlantic dry forests 60204 Bajío dry forests 60205 Balsas dry forests 60206 Bolivian montane dry forests 60207 Cauca Valley dry forests 60209 Central American dry forests 60210 Dry Chaco 60211 Chiapas Depression dry forests 60212 Chiquitano dry forests 60213 Cuban dry forests 60214 Ecuadorian dry forests 60215 Hispaniolan dry forests 60216 Islas Revillagigedo dry forests 60217 Jalisco dry forests 60218 Jamaican dry forests 60219 Lara-Falcón dry forests 60220 Lesser Antillean dry forests 60221 Magdalena Valley dry forests 60222 Maracaibo dry forests 60223 Marañón dry forests 60224 Panamanian dry forests 60225 Patía Valley dry forests 60226 Puerto Rican dry forests 60227 Sierra de la Laguna dry forests 60228 Sinaloan dry forests 60229 Sinú Valley dry forests 60230 Southern Pacific dry forests 60232 Tumbes-Piura dry forests 60233 Veracruz dry forests 60235 Yucatán dry forests 60301 Bahamian pine mosaic 60302 Belizian pine forests 60303 Central American pine-oak forests 60304 Cuban pine forests 60305 Hispaniolan pine forests 60306 Miskito pine forests 60307 Sierra de la Laguna pine-oak forests 60308 Sierra Madre de Oaxaca pine-oak forests 60309 Sierra Madre del Sur pine-oak forests 60310 Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt pine-oak forests 60401 Juan Fernández Islands temperate forests 60402 Magellanic subpolar forests 60403 San Félix-San Ambrosio Islands temperate forests 60404 Valdivian temperate forests 60702 Beni savanna 60703 Campos Rupestres montane savanna 60704 Cerrado 60705 Clipperton Island shrub and grasslands 60707 Guianan savanna 60708 Humid Chaco 60709 Llanos 60710 Uruguayan savanna 60801 Espinal 60802 Low Monte 60803 Humid Pampas 60805 Patagonian steppe 60902 Cuban wetlands 60903 Enriquillo wetlands 60904 Everglades 60905 Guayaquil flooded grasslands 60906 Orinoco wetlands 60907 Pantanal 60908 Paraná flooded savanna 60909 Southern Cone Mesopotamian savanna 61001 Central Andean dry puna 61002 Central Andean puna 61003 Central Andean wet puna 61004 Cordillera Central páramo 61005 Cordillera de Merida páramo 61006 Northern Andean páramo 61007 Santa Marta páramo 61008 Southern Andean steppe 61010 High Monte 61201 Chilean matorral 61301 Araya and Paria xeric scrub 61303 Atacama desert 61304 Caatinga 61305 Caribbean shrublands 61306 Cuban cactus scrub 61307 Galápagos Islands scrubland mosaic 61308 Guajira-Barranquilla xeric scrub 61309 La Costa xeric shrublands 61311 Malpelo Island xeric scrub 61312 Motagua Valley thornscrub 61313 Paraguana xeric scrub 61314 San Lucan xeric scrub 61315 Sechura desert 61316 Tehuacán Valley matorral 61318 St. Peter and St. Paul rocks 61401 Amazon-Orinoco-Southern Caribbean mangroves 61402 Bahamian-Antillean mangroves 61403 Mesoamerican Gulf-Caribbean mangroves 61404 Northern Mesoamerican Pacific mangroves 61405 South American Pacific mangroves 61406 Southern Atlantic mangroves 61407 Southern Mesoamerican Pacific mangroves 70101 Carolines tropical moist forests 70102 Central Polynesian tropical moist forests 70103 Cook Islands tropical moist forests 70104 Eastern Micronesia tropical moist forests 70105 Fiji tropical moist forests 70106 Hawaii tropical moist forests 70107 Kermadec Islands subtropical moist forests 70108 Marquesas tropical moist forests 70109 Ogasawara subtropical moist forests 70110 Palau tropical moist forests 70111 Rapa Nui subtropical broadleaf forests 70112 Samoan tropical moist forests 70113 Society Islands tropical moist forests 70114 Tongan tropical moist forests 70115 Tuamotu tropical moist forests 70116 Tubuai tropical moist forests 70117 Western Polynesian tropical moist forests 70201 Fiji tropical dry forests 70202 Hawaii tropical dry forests 70203 Marianas tropical dry forests 70204 Yap tropical dry forests 70701 Hawaii tropical high shrublands 70702 Hawaii tropical low shrublands 70703 Northwestern Hawaii scrub 80101 Guizhou Plateau broadleaf and mixed forests 80102 Yunnan Plateau subtropical evergreen forests 80401 Appenine deciduous montane forests 80402 Atlantic mixed forests 80403 Azores temperate mixed forests 80404 Balkan mixed forests 80405 Baltic mixed forests 80406 Cantabrian mixed forests 80407 Caspian Hyrcanian mixed forests 80408 Caucasus mixed forests 80409 Celtic broadleaf forests 80410 Central Anatolian steppe and woodlands 80411 Central China loess plateau mixed forests 80412 Central European mixed forests 80413 Central Korean deciduous forests 80414 Changbai Mountains mixed forests 80415 Changjiang Plain evergreen forests 80416 Crimean Submediterranean forest complex 80417 Daba Mountains evergreen forests 80418 Dinaric Mountains mixed forests 80419 East European forest steppe 80420 Eastern Anatolian deciduous forests 80421 English Lowlands beech forests 80422 Euxine-Colchic broadleaf forests 80423 Hokkaido deciduous forests 80424 Huang He Plain mixed forests 80425 Madeira evergreen forests 80426 Manchurian mixed forests 80427 Nihonkai evergreen forests 80428 Nihonkai montane deciduous forests 80429 North Atlantic moist mixed forests 80430 Northeast China Plain deciduous forests 80431 Pannonian mixed forests 80432 Po Basin mixed forests 80433 Pyrenees conifer and mixed forests 80434 Qin Ling Mountains deciduous forests 80435 Rodope montane mixed forests 80436 Sarmatic mixed forests 80437 Sichuan Basin evergreen broadleaf forests 80438 South Sakhalin-Kurile mixed forests 80439 Southern Korea evergreen forests 80440 Taiheiyo evergreen forests 80441 Taiheiyo montane deciduous forests 80442 Tarim Basin deciduous forests and steppe 80443 Ussuri broadleaf and mixed forests 80444 Western Siberian hemiboreal forests 80445 Western European broadleaf forests 80446 Zagros Mountains forest steppe 80501 Alps conifer and mixed forests 80502 Altai montane forest and forest steppe 80503 Caledon conifer forests 80504 Carpathian montane forests 80505 Da Hinggan-Dzhagdy Mountains conifer forests 80506 East Afghan montane conifer forests 80507 Elburz Range forest steppe 80508 Helanshan montane conifer forests 80509 Hengduan Mountains subalpine conifer forests 80510 Hokkaido montane conifer forests 80511 Honshu alpine conifer forests 80512 Khangai Mountains conifer forests 80513 Mediterranean conifer and mixed forests 80514 Northeastern Himalayan subalpine conifer forests 80515 Northern Anatolian conifer and deciduous forests 80516 Nujiang Langcang Gorge alpine conifer and mixed forests 80517 Qilian Mountains conifer forests 80518 Qionglai-Minshan conifer forests 80519 Sayan montane conifer forests 80520 Scandinavian coastal conifer forests 80521 Tian Shan montane conifer forests 80601 East Siberian taiga 80602 Iceland boreal birch forests and alpine tundra 80603 Kamchatka-Kurile meadows and sparse forests 80604 Kamchatka-Kurile taiga 80605 Northeast Siberian taiga 80606 Okhotsk-Manchurian taiga 80607 Sakhalin Island taiga 80608 Scandinavian and Russian taiga 80609 Trans-Baikal conifer forests 80610 Ural montane forests and tundra 80611 West Siberian taiga 80801 Alai-Western Tian Shan steppe 80802 Altai steppe and semi-desert 80803 Central Anatolian steppe 80804 Daurian forest steppe 80805 Eastern Anatolian montane steppe 80806 Emin Valley steppe 80807 Faroe Islands boreal grasslands 80808 Gissaro-Alai open woodlands 80809 Kazakh forest steppe 80810 Kazakh steppe 80811 Kazakh upland 80812 Middle East steppe 80813 Mongolian-Manchurian grassland 80814 Pontic steppe 80815 Sayan Intermontane steppe 80816 Selenge-Orkhon forest steppe 80817 South Siberian forest steppe 80818 Tian Shan foothill arid steppe 80901 Amur meadow steppe 80902 Bohai Sea saline meadow 80903 Nenjiang River grassland 80904 Nile Delta flooded savanna 80905 Saharan halophytics 80906 Tigris-Euphrates alluvial salt marsh 80907 Suiphun-Khanka meadows and forest meadows 80908 Yellow Sea saline meadow 81001 Altai alpine meadow and tundra 81002 Central Tibetan Plateau alpine steppe 81003 Eastern Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows 81004 Ghorat-Hazarajat alpine meadow 81005 Hindu Kush alpine meadow 81006 Karakoram-West Tibetan Plateau alpine steppe 81007 Khangai Mountains alpine meadow 81008 Kopet Dag woodlands and forest steppe 81009 Kuh Rud and Eastern Iran montane woodlands 81010 Mediterranean High Atlas juniper steppe 81011 North Tibetan Plateau-Kunlun Mountains alpine desert 81012 Northwestern Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows 81013 Ordos Plateau steppe 81014 Pamir alpine desert and tundra 81015 Qilian Mountains subalpine meadows 81016 Sayan Alpine meadows and tundra 81017 Southeast Tibet shrublands and meadows 81018 Sulaiman Range alpine meadows 81019 Tian Shan montane steppe and meadows 81020 Tibetan Plateau alpine shrublands and meadows 81021 Western Himalayan alpine shrub and Meadows 81022 Yarlung Tsangpo arid steppe 81101 Arctic desert 81102 Bering tundra 81103 Cherskii-Kolyma mountain tundra 81104 Chukchi Peninsula tundra 81105 Kamchatka Mountain tundra and forest tundra 81106 Kola Peninsula tundra 81107 Northeast Siberian coastal tundra 81108 Northwest Russian-Novaya Zemlya tundra 81109 Novosibirsk Islands arctic desert 81110 Scandinavian Montane Birch forest and grasslands 81111 Taimyr-Central Siberian tundra 81112 Trans-Baikal Bald Mountain tundra 81113 Wrangel Island arctic desert 81114 Yamal-Gydan tundra 81201 Aegean and Western Turkey sclerophyllous and mixed forests 81202 Anatolian conifer and deciduous mixed forests 81203 Canary Islands dry woodlands and forests 81204 Corsican montane broadleaf and mixed forests 81205 Crete Mediterranean forests 81206 Cyprus Mediterranean forests 81207 Eastern Mediterranean conifer-sclerophyllous-broadleaf forests 81208 Iberian conifer forests 81209 Iberian sclerophyllous and semi-deciduous forests 81210 Illyrian deciduous forests 81211 Italian sclerophyllous and semi-deciduous forests 81212 Mediterranean acacia-argania dry woodlands and succulent thickets 81213 Mediterranean dry woodlands and steppe 81214 Mediterranean woodlands and forests 81215 Northeastern Spain and Southern France Mediterranean forests 81216 Northwest Iberian montane forests 81217 Pindus Mountains mixed forests 81218 South Appenine mixed montane forests 81219 Southeastern Iberian shrubs and woodlands 81220 Southern Anatolian montane conifer and deciduous forests 81221 Southwest Iberian Mediterranean sclerophyllous and mixed forests 81222 Tyrrhenian-Adriatic Sclerophyllous and mixed forests 81301 Afghan Mountains semi-desert 81302 Alashan Plateau semi-desert 81303 Arabian Desert and East Sahero-Arabian xeric shrublands 81304 Atlantic coastal desert 81305 Azerbaijan shrub desert and steppe 81306 Badghyz and Karabil semi-desert 81307 Baluchistan xeric woodlands 81308 Caspian lowland desert 81309 Central Afghan Mountains xeric woodlands 81310 Central Asian northern desert 81311 Central Asian riparian woodlands 81312 Central Asian southern desert 81313 Central Persian desert basins 81314 Eastern Gobi desert steppe 81315 Gobi Lakes Valley desert steppe 81316 Great Lakes Basin desert steppe 81317 Junggar Basin semi-desert 81318 Kazakh semi-desert 81319 Kopet Dag semi-desert 81320 Mesopotamian shrub desert 81321 North Saharan steppe and woodlands 81322 Paropamisus xeric woodlands 81323 Persian Gulf desert and semi-desert 81324 Qaidam Basin semi-desert 81325 Red Sea Nubo-Sindian tropical desert and semi-desert 81326 Registan-North Pakistan sandy desert 81327 Sahara desert 81328 South Iran Nubo-Sindian desert and semi-desert 81329 South Saharan steppe and woodlands 81330 Taklimakan desert 81331 Tibesti-Jebel Uweinat montane xeric woodlands 81332 West Saharan montane xeric woodlands 81333 Red Sea coastal desert Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Livelihood zone of household LIVELIHOOD reports the predominant livelihood zone within a 5-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. Livelihood zones can be used as an indicator for sources of food and/or income and as a measure of people's vulnerability to hazards, such as flood, drought, food crisis, market disruption, or conflicts. Information on livelihood zones are available for selected countries of Africa, Afghanistan, El Salvador, Haiti, Honduras, and Nicaragua. Livelihood zones are country-specific; therefore, codes and labels for LIVELIHOOD vary across countries. The original LIVELIHOOD zone codes from the Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET [URL omitted from DDI.]) begin with the 2-character alphabetic ISO code followed by the livelihood zone code. In place of the 2-character alphabetic ISO code used in the source data, IPUMS-DHS substitutes the 3-digit ISO country code (e.g., 231 for Ethiopia), followed by the 3-digit numeric livelihood zone code (e.g., 177 for West Central Teff). LIVELIHOOD, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00998 Missing 004001 Eastern Pastoral and Forest Zone 004002 Eastern Agro-Pastoral and Forest Zone 004003 Eastern Agro-Pastoral and Rangeland Zone 004004 Eastern Semi-Arid Agricultural Zone 004005 Eastern Agricultural and Labor-Based Zone 004006 Eastern Intensively Irrigated Zone 004007 Eastern Cross-Border Trade and Labor-Based Zone 004008 Eastern Irrigated and Rainfed Agricultural Zone 004009 East-Central Irrigated Zone 004010 Southern Intensively Irrigated Cash Crop Zone 004011 Southern Semi-Arid Agro-Pastoral Zone 004012 South-Central Agro-Pastoral and Labor-Based Zone 004013 Southern Desert Zone 004014 South-Central Agro-Pastoral Zone 004015 North-Western Agro-Pastoral and Pistachio Zone 004016 Western Intensively Irrigated Zone 004017 Western Semi-Arid Agro-Pastoral Zone 004018 West-Central Highland Agro-Pastoral Zone 004019 Western and Southern Cross-Border Trade and Labor Zone 004020 North-Eastern Highland Agro-Pastoral Zone 004021 Salangi Plains Mixed Farming Zone 004022 Northern Lowland Cereals and Livestock Zone 004023 Northern High Cereals Production Zone 004024 North-Central Agro-Pastoral Zone 004025 Northern Irrigated and Rainfed Mixed Farming Zone 004026 Northern Intensively Irrigated Agricultural Zone 004027 Amo River Irrigation and Cross-Border Trade Zone 004028 East-Central Agro-Forestry Zone 004029 Central Cash-Crop and Livestock Zone 024001 Coastal fishing, horticulture, and non-farm income 024002 Transitional banana and pineapple farming 024003 Southern livestock, millet, and sorghum 024004 Sub humid livestock and maize 024005 Mid-eastern cassava and savannah forest 024006 Central highlands potato and vegetables 024007 Central highlands maize and beans 024008 Transitional lowland maize, cassava, and beans 024009 Tropical forest, cassava, banana, and coffee 024010 Savannah forest and market-oriented cassava 024011 Savannah forest and subsistence cassava 024012 Fishing, cassava, and cross-border trade 024013 Coastal livestock ranching 108001 Buragane 108002 Congo Ridge Millet 108003 Eastern Lowlands 108004 Northern Lowlands 108005 Northern Highlands 108006 Southern Highlands 108007 Imbo Plain 108008 Humid Plateaus 108009 Eastern Arid Plateaus 140001 Southeast cassava, peanuts, and maize 140002 Northeast hunting and food crops 140003 Northern sorghum and millet 140004 East central mining, cassava, and peanuts 140005 Southern coffee, cassava, and maize 140006 Central cassava, peanuts, and maize 140007 Central cotton, cassava, and maize 140008 Northern cotton, cassava, and sorghum 140009 Western cassava, maize, and peanuts 140010 Southern maize, citrus fruits, and vegetables 140011 Southwest cassava, coffee, gathering, and mining 148001 Southern Staple and Cash Crops 148002 Southwest Rice 148003 South-central Cereals 148004 Southeast Flood Retreat and Gum Arabic 148005 Central Agropastoral 148006 Eastern Rainfed Cereals and Market Gardening 148007 Transhumance 148008 Western Agropastoral and Fishing 148009 Northern Oasis Cultivation with Camels and Natron 180001 Copperbelt and Marginal Agriculture 180002 Savannah Manioc 180003 Savannah Surplus Maize 180004 Kamalondo Depression 180005 Southern Tanganyika-Mwero Fishing 180006 Maniema Savannah Agriculture 180007 High Food Production and Surplus Trade 180008 Northern Tanganyika Midland Agriculture 180009 Agropastoral Mountains 180010 Midland Agricultural Savannah 180011 Rutshuru Volcanic Soils and Agriculture 180012 Forest Cultivation and Products 180013 Artisanal Mining with Agriculture 180014 Northeast Highlands Agriculture 180015 Orientale Fishing with Agriculture 180016 Northern Plateau Cassava, Maize, Groundnuts and Beans 180017 Bumba Rice and Tubers 180018 Bomongo and Makanza Districts Intensive Fishing 180019 Fishing and Staples Riverine 180020 Cuvette Centrale Staple Crops, Fishing and Charcoal 180021 Equatorial Forest, Hunting, Fishing and Staple Crops 180022 Lighter Forest with Rice and Cassava 180023 Savannah with Cassava and Cowpeas and Small Livestock 180024 High Food Crop Production and Trading 180025 Intensive Artisanal Diamond Exploitation with Crop Cultivation 180026 Clay Soils with High Production of Cassava and Maize, and Cattle 180027 Agropastoral â€“ Staple Crops, Small Stock and Cattle and Wild Foods 180028 Agriculture with High Production and Marketing 180029 Cassava, Maize and Groundnuts 180030 Market Gardening and Staple Crops 180031 River Fishing and Staple Crops 180032 Coastal Ocean Fishing and Kitchen Gardening 180033 Forest â€“ Staple Crops, Cash Crops and Market Gardening 180034 Kinshasa Peri-urban 222001 Basic Grain and Labor Zone 222002 Coffee, Agro-Industrial and Labor Zone 222003 Sugarcane, Agro-Industry and Labor Zone 222004 Eastern Basic Grain, Labor, Livestock and Remittance Zone 222005 Central Free-Trade, Services and Industrial Labor Zone 222006 Fishing, Aquaculture and Tourism Zone 231001 Addis Ababa City 231002 Asale Agropastoral 231003 Awsa-Gewane Agropastoral 231004 Aramiss - Adaar Pastoral 231005 Asale Pastoral 231006 Chenno Agropastoral 231007 Eli daar Pastoral 231008 Namalefan & Baadu Pastoral 231009 Teru Pastoral 231010 Abay Beshilo River Basin 231011 Abay Tekeze Watershed 231012 Central Highland Barley & Potato 231013 Cheffa valley 231014 Guna Highland 231015 Merhabete Lowland Sorghum and teff 231016 Minjar teff and livestock 231017 Minjar teff and sorghum 231018 North Wollo Highland Belg 231019 North East Woyna Dega Mixed Cereal 231020 North Shewa highland sheep and barley 231021 North Shewa Highland Wheat and Teff productive 231022 N Highland wheat, Barley & Sheep 231023 NorthWest Cash Crop 231024 North Wollo East Plain 231025 NorthWest Sorghum Belt 231026 South Wollo Meher 231027 South Wollo Belg 231028 South West Maize, Finger Millet and Teff productive 231029 South Wollo & Oromia Eastern lowland sorghum & cattle 231030 South East Woyna Dega Teff 231031 South West Woyna Dega wheat 231032 Tekeze Lowland Sorghum and Goats 231033 Tana Zuria 231034 South Wollo Meher and Belg 231035 Central Kolla Sorghum, Maize & Millet 231036 Midland Teff & Coffee 231037 Western Dry Kolla Sorghum, Maize & Mining 231038 Meketel Highland Cereal & Pulses 231039 Gambella Agropastoral 231040 Gambella Coffee, Honey & Cereal LZ 231041 Gambella Mixed Agriculture 231042 No Data 231043 Arsi Bale Wheat, Barley & Potato 231044 Anfilo Coffee Monoculture & Honey 231045 Abe Dongoro-Diga-Sasiga Coffee & Sorghum 231046 Adaba Dodola Community Forest 231047 Agarfa, Gasera, Ginir & Gololcha Fruit, Coffee & Chat 231048 Ambo Selale Ginderberet Teff & Wheat 231049 Abijata Shala Jido Agro-Pastoral 231050 Abay Gorge Sesame, Maize & Honey 231051 Ameya-Wolisso-Ambo Teff & Cattle 231052 Becho-Adea Teff & Chickpea 231053 Borena-Guji Maize, Wheat & Livestock 231054 Borena-Guji Coffee & Enset 231055 Borena-Guji Cattle Pastoralist 231056 Bale Agro-Pastoral 231057 Bale Pastoralist 231058 Chercher & Gololcha Chole Coffee, Maize & Chat 231059 Central Horo Teff, Nug & Cattle 231060 Chebo-Inchini Enset, Barley & Cattle 231061 Chat & Vegetables 231062 Dallo, Barbare & Arana-Buluk Coffee 231063 Dale-Lalo Sorghum & Maize 231064 Didessa-Gibe-Wama Valley Sorghum, Maize & Oilcrops 231065 Ebantu-Limu Teff & Cattle 231066 Guduru-Amuru Maize, Teff & Cattle 231067 Guji-Borena Enset, Barley & Cattle 231068 Gerbo Enset & Chat 231069 Gursum-Babile Groundnuts & Sorghum 231070 Gera-Setema-Sale Forest Teff, Honey & Cattle 231071 Gibe Maize & Peppers 231072 Goro-Ginir Spice & Wheat 231073 Anger Maize, Sorghum & Finger Millet 231074 Illu-Wellega-Birbir Maize, Peppers & Sesame 231075 Jimma-Illubabur Coffee, Cereals & Chat 231076 Jaldu-Dendi-Ilfata Barley & Potato 231077 Jimma-Yama Logi Teff & Maize 231078 Kofele Kokosa Enset & Cattle Belt 231079 Muger-Abay-Jema Sorghum & Teff Belt 231080 Melka Awash-Ochocha Mid-Highland Wheat & Teff 231081 Moyale Agro-Pastoral, Labour & Cross-Border Trade 231082 Moyale Cattle, Shoats & Camel Pastoralist 231083 Market-Isolated Cattle & Shoat Pastoralist 231084 Kereyu Pastoral 231085 Mendi-Dabisu Maize, Sesame & Cattle 231086 North-East Agro-Pastoral 231087 Nadda-Gilgel Gibe Maize, Teff and Sorghum 231088 Nole-Meko-Diga Teff & Cattle 231089 Nejo-Dilla Teff, Finger Millet & Nug 231090 Southern Agro-Pastoral 231091 Keto-Begi Cereals & Cattle 231092 Robe Chole Sude & Seru Teff Maize Haricot Bean Belt 231093 Rift Valley Maize & Horse Bean 231094 Selale-Ambo Highland Barley, Wheat and Horsebean belt 231095 Soddo Highland Wheat, Barley & Enset 231096 Siraro Kofele Potato & Vegetables 231097 Sorghum, Maize & Chat 231098 Shirka Ticho Spice & Teff 231099 Wheat, Barley & Potato 231100 Wellega-Dedo Highland Wheat & Barley 231101 Wuchale-Abichu-Kembebit Livestock, 'Wild Oats' & Barley/Wheat 231102 Wellega Coffee, Maize & Sorghum 231103 Amaro Coffee and Enset LZ 231104 Awassa Chat and Enset LZ 231105 Alaba-Mareko Lowland Pepper LZ 231106 Badewacho-Alaba Maize LZ 231107 Bilate Basin Agro-Pastoral LZ 231108 Bench-Keffa Cereal and Enset LZ 231109 Basketo-Melo Coffee and Root Crop LZ 231110 Dawro-Konta Maize and Root Crop LZ 231111 Western Coffee and Spices LZ - Eastern sub-zone 231112 Gedeo Coffee LZ 231113 Gurage-Siltie Highland Enset and Barley LZ 231114 Gurage-Siltie Midland Enset and Chat LZ 231115 Gurage-Siltie Enset and Teff LZ 231116 Gamo Gofa Enset and Barley LZ 231117 Gurage Lowland Maize and Teff LZ 231118 Gamo Gofa Maize and Root Crop LZ 231119 Hadero Ginger LZ 231120 Hadiya Maize LZ 231121 Hadiya-Kembata Cereal and Enset LZ - Hadiya sub zone 231122 Chamo-Abaya Irrigated Banana LZ 231123 Kedida-Badewacho Coffee LZ 231124 Hadiya-Kembata Cereal and Enset LZ - Kembata sub-zone 231125 Kaffa Cereal and Enset LZ 231126 Southern Special Woredas Lowland Cereal LZ 231127 Omo River Flood Recession LZ 231128 Omo Valley Maize and Sorghum LZ 231129 231130 Southern Cereal, Enset and Root Crop LZ 231131 Sidama Coffee LZ 231132 Surma Agro-Pastoral LZ 231133 Sidama-Gedeo Highland Enset and Barley LZ 231134 Sidama Maize Belt LZ 231135 Southern Agro-Pastoral Livelihood Zone 231136 South Omo Crop LZ 231137 South Omo Pastoral LZ 231138 Salamago Pastoral LZ 231139 Sheka Cereal and Enset LZ 231140 Wolayita Ginger and Coffee LZ 231141 Western Coffee and Spices LZ - Western sub-zone 231142 Western Forest Products LZ 231143 Wolayita Maize and Root Crop LZ 231144 Wolayita Barley and Wheat LZ 231145 Yem Cereal and Enset LZ 231146 Afder Pastoral 231147 Degahbur Agropastoral 231148 Dawa-Ganale Riverine 231149 Filtu-Dolo Pastoral 231150 Fik Pastoral 231151 Gode Agropastoral 231152 Harshin-Degahbur East Pastoral 231153 Jijiga Agropastoral 231154 Jijiga Sedentary Farming 231155 Korahe Agropastoral 231156 Korahe-Gode Pastoral 231157 Liban Agropastoral 231158 Lowland-Hawd Pastoral 231159 Moyale-Wayamo Pastoral 231160 No Data 231161 Shinile Agropastoral 231162 Shinile Pastoral 231163 Shabelle Riverine 231164 Adiyabo Lowland 231165 Alaje Ofla Highland 231166 Atsbi Womberta Highland 231167 Central Mixed Crop 231168 Enderta Dry Midland 231169 Eastern Planteau 231170 Gesho and Wheat Highland 231171 Humera Sesame and Sorghum 231172 Irob Mountains 231173 Mereb Basin 231174 Middle Tekeze 231175 Raya Valley 231176 Tsirare Catchment 231177 West Central Teff 231178 Werie Catchment 231179 Western Cereal and Sesame 262001 Northwest Pastoral 262002 Central Pastoral 262003 Southeast Pastoral 262004 Market Gardening 262005 Djibouti City 324001 Coastal: Rice, Fishing, Palm oil 324002 Piedmont: Rice, Groundnut, Horticulture 324003 Central plateau: Horticulture, Fonio, Livestock 324004 Mountain: Livestock, Fonio, Groundnut 324005 Mountain : Rice, Livestock, Fonio 324006 Northern plateau: Rice, Groundnut, Livestock 324007 Savannah with shrubs: Rice, Gold mining, Livestock 324008 Northeast: Maize, Gold mining, Livestock 324009 Wooded savannah: Rice, Manioc, Groundnut 324010 Pre-forest zone: Rice, Manioc, Livestock 324011 Forest: Rice, Palm oil, Coffee 332001 Dry Coastal Maize and Charcoal 332002 North Tubers and Horticulture 332003 Central Plateau Maize and Tubers 332004 Rice Plains of the Artibonite 332005 Western Banana Plains of Arcahaie 332006 West Gardening and Beans 332007 South Beans, Bananas, and Petty Trade 332008 Southwestern Coast Maize, Manioc, and Bush Products 332009 Urban 340000 Casco urbano 340001 Zona de medios de vida litoral GarÃfuna y de turismo en islas de la BahÃa 340002 Zona litoral atlÃ¡ntica productora de aceite de palma 340003 Zona de venta de obra en maquilas, banano y caÃ±a de azÃºcar 340004 Zona Mosquitia de caza y pesca 340005 Zona montaÃ±osa de cafÃ© 340006 Zona de medios de vida pesquera y salinera del Golfo de Fonseca 340007 Zona de granos bÃ¡sicos de subsistencia y remesas 340008 Zona de venta de mano de obra en melÃ³n, sandÃa y camarÃ³n 340009 Zona de medios de vida, granos bÃ¡sicos y ganaderÃa 340010 Reserva del RÃo Platano 404001 Northwestern Pastoral Zone 404002 Turkwell Riverine Zone 404003 Northwestern Agropastoral Zone 404004 Lake Turkana Fishing 404005 Northern Pastoral Zone 404006 Marsabit Marginal Mixed Farming Zone 404007 Northeastern Agropastoral Zone 404008 Mandera Riverine Zone 404009 Northeastern Pastoral Zone 404010 Eastern Pastoral Zone 404011 Southeastern Pastoral Zone 404012 Coastal Medium Potential Farming Zone 404013 Coastal Marginal Agricultural Mixed Farming Zone 404014 Tana Riverine Zone 404015 Southern Pastoral Zone 404016 Southeastern Marginal Mixed Farming Zone 404017 Southeastern Medium Potential, Mixed Farming Zone 404018 Southern Agropastoral Zone 404019 Central Highlands, High Potential Zone 404020 Western Medium Potential Zone 404021 Western High Potential Zone 404022 Western Lakeshore Marginal Mixed Farming Zone 404023 Lake Victoria Fishing Zone 404024 Western Agropastoral Zone 426001 Northern Lowlands 426002 Southern Lowlands 426003 Foothills 426004 Mountains 426005 Senqu River Valley 430001 North-East Rice Farming Palm Oil 430002 North/Central Rice with Cassava and Market Gardening 430003 South-East Rice with Cassava 430004 Coastal Plain Cassava with Rice and Inland Fishing 430005 Coastal Fishing and Cassava 430006 Rice Intercropped and Forest Hunting 430007 Border Cacao and Coffee Farming 430008 Rubber and Charcoal with Food Crops 430009 Peri-Urban: Petty Trade, Market Gardening and Casual Employment 430010 Mining/Concession and Farming Zone 430098 National Parks 430099 Urban Areas 450001 Extreme north: sugar cane, fishing, tourism 450002 North: vanilla, clove, coconut tree 450003 Sofia River basin: tobacco, onion, fishing 450004 Northern highland: rice, zebu 450005 Betsiboka Delta: rice, fishing 450006 Upper Betsiboka: gold mining, rice, cows 450007 Aloatra: rice, fishing, livestock rearing 450008 Toamasina: cloves, coffee, trade 450009 West: rice, fishing, gathering 450010 Agropastoral midwest: rice, maize, pulses 450011 Central Iarivo: rice, market gardening, eucalyptus 450012 Moramanga: forest, petty trade, market gardening 450013 Center-east: litchi, coffee, citrus 450014 Ankaratra: staple crops, horticulture, milk 450015 Tsirobihina Delta: rice, fishing, pulses 450016 South-central peneplain: rice, onion, small livestock 450017 Southern highlands: staple crops, crafts, market gardening 450018 Corridor: forest products, banana 450019 Southeast: coffee, litchi, cassava 450020 Southwest: rice, lima bean 450021 Bara plateau: cows, cassava 450022 Center-south: staple crops, industrial sisal, zebu 450023 Mahafaly plateau: cassava 450024 Extreme south: cassava, maize, livestock rearing 454001 Central Karonga 454002 Chitipa Millet & Maize 454003 Kasungu Lilongwe Plain 454004 Lake Chilwa - Phalombe Plain 454005 Lower Shire 454006 Middle Shire Valley 454007 Misuku Hills 454008 Mzimba Self Sufficient 454009 Nkhata Bay Cassava 454010 Northern Karonga 454011 Northern Lakeshore 454012 Phirilongwe Hills 454013 Rift Valley Escarpment 454014 Shire Highlands 454015 Southern Lakeshore 454016 Thyolo Mulunje Tea Estates 454017 Western Rumphi & Mzimba 454018 Border Productive Horticulture 454019 Urban 454020 National Park 466001 Nomadism and Trans-Saharan Trade 466002 Northern Livestock 466003 Niger Loop Rice and Fishing 466004 Central Livestock, Millet, and Remittances 466005 Dogon Plateau Millet and Shallots 466006 Niger Delta Rice, Cattle, and Fishing 466007 Office du NigerRice and Market Gardening 466008 Northwestern Sorghum, Remittances, and Livestock 466009 Central Sorghum and Millet 466010 Southeastern Sorghum, Millet, and Cotton 466011 Southern Maize, Cotton, and Fruits 466012 Southwestern Maize, Livestock, and Gold Mining 466013 Center-eastern Millet and Livestock 466014 Lakes Recessional Millet and Sorghum 466015 Western Groundnut, Sorghum, and Maize 466016 Southwestern Gold Mining and Maize 466017 Urban 478001 Nomadic pastoralist 478002 Mine and pastoral 478003 Mixed pastoral, oases and wadis 478004 Littoral coastal fishing 478005 Pastoral and trade 478006 Transhumant pastoralism 478007 Agropastoralism 478008 Senegal valley agriculture 478009 Rainfed agriculture 508001 Lakeshore Basic Staples and Fishing 508002 Northern Highland Forest and Tourism 508003 Northwestern Tobacco and Maize 508004 Northern Cassava, Maize, and Forest 508005 Northern Highland with Mixed Cropping 508006 Northeastern Highland Forest 508007 Northeastern Cassava, Cashew, and Coconut 508008 North-Central Coastal Fishing 508009 Plains with Cassava, Rice, and Fishing 508010 Zambezi Valley with Maize and Fishing 508011 Northwestern Cropping and Cross-border Trade 508012 Coastal Sugarcane and Fishing 508013 Tete Highland Mixed Cropping, Tobbaco, and Cotton 508014 Cahora Bassa Dam Sesame and Cotton 508015 Central Semiarid Cotton and Minerals 508016 Manica Highland Mixed Cropping, Cotton, and Tobacco 508017 Central Manica and Sofala Mixed Cropping 508018 Cheringoma and Muanza Maize and Cassava 508019 Central Semiarid Pineapple and Cashew 508020 Southern Coastal Cassava, Coconut, and Fishing 508021 Southern Intermediate Mixed Cropping 508022 Southern Semiarid Cereals and Cattle 508023 Southeastern Rice 508024 Limpopo and Elephant Rivers Mixed Cropping 508025 Southern Coastal Rishing, Manioc, and Maize 508026 Southern Highland Cattle and Mixed Cropping 558000 Urban Area 558001 Pacific Coast Export Fishing, Aquaculture, Tourism and Livestock Zone 558002 Pacific Agro-Industrial and Transitional Agriculture Zone 558003 Northwest Subsistence Agriculture, Livestock and Alternate Income Activities Zone 558004 EstelÃ Traditional and Industrial Tobacco Zone 558005 Managua Peri-urban Free-Trade, Agro-industry and Services Zone 558006 East-Central Vegetables, Informal Trade, Industry and Tourism ZoneÂ 558007 Southern Pacific, Agriculture and High Migration Zone 558008 Central Cattle and Agricultural Frontier Zone 558009 Agriculture and Livestock with High Migration to Costa Rica Zone 558010 Caribbean Humid Tropical Agriculture Zone 558011 Northern Atlantic Agricultural Frontier and Mining Zone 558012 Coffee with Commercial Agriculture and Livestock Zone 558013 Northern Market-bound Basic Grains, Livestock and Coffee Zone 558014 Communal Forestry Zone 558015 Coco River Traditional Agriculture Zone 558016 Caribbean Coast Traditional Fishing Zone 558025 National Forest Reserve 562000 Not Zoned (Desert) 562001 North-east Oases: Dates, Salt and Trade 562002 AÃ¯r Massif Irrigated Gardening 562003 Transhumant and Nomad Pastoralism 562004 Agropastoral Belt 562005 Rainfed Millet and Sorghum Belt 562006 Cropping and Herding with High Work Outmigration 562007 Southern Irrigated Cash Crops 562008 Southwestern Cereals with Fan-Palm Products 562009 Niger River Irrigated Rice 562010 Dallols - Seasonal Water-Course Irrigated Crops 562011 Southeastern Natron Salt and Small Basin Irrigated Dates 562012 Komadougou Irrigated Peppers 562013 Lake Chad Flood-Retreat Cultivation with Fishing 562014 Transhumant and Nomad Pastoralism-Camels 566001 Coastal Fishing 566002 Southern Cocoa, Palm Oil, and Kola nut 566003 South-Central Yam, Cassava, and Banana 566004 Southeast Rice, Salt, and Granite 566005 Niger and Benue River Floodplain Rice and Fishing 566006 Central Plain Yam and Cassava 566007 Mambilla Plateau Cattle, Cocoa, and Tea 566008 Central Highland Maize and Soybean 566009 Northeastern Highland Maize, Cocoyam, Potatoes, and Livestock 566010 North-Central Maize, Sorghum, and Cotton 566011 Northern Floodplains Irrigated Rice, Wheat, and Vegetables 566012 Northeast Millet, Cowpea, and Sesame 566013 Sahel Mixed Cereals and Livestock 686000 Urban Area - Dakar 686001 The Niayes Gardening and Fishing 686002 Delta Rice, Horticulture, and Agricultural Labor 686003 Valley Rice and Remittances 686004 Dieri Millet and Remittances 686005 Rainfed Cowpea and Groundnut 686006 Sylvopatoral Livestock and Gathering 686007 Small Coast Fishing and Tourism 686008 Rainfed Groundnut and Millet 686009 Agropastoral Groundnut 686010 Rainfed Groundnut and Cereals 686011 Forest and Rainfed Rice 686012 Forest, Rainfed Rice, and Groundnut 686013 Rainfed Maize, Cotton, and Cattle 686014 Rainfed Maize and Lumber 686015 Rainfed Maize and Artisanal Gold Mining 686016 National Park 694000 Urban Area - Not Zoned 694001 Tonkolli Food Crops, Gold and Iron Ore 694002 Bombali Food Crops, Peppers, Tobacco and Livestock 694003 Western Rice, Root Crops, Cereals and Trade Belt 694004 Coastal Food Crops and Fishing 694005 Kailahun-Kenema-Pujehun Cash Crops, Food Crops and Trade 694006 Kono-Kenema-Bo Rice, Tree Crops and Timbers 694007 Koinadugu Food Crops, Livestock and Trade 694008 Follosoba Dembellia and Wara Wara Yagala Vegetables 694009 Freetown Peri-Urban 694010 Rice Bowl Areas 706001 Guban Pastoral 706002 West Golis Pastoral 706003 Northwestern Agropastoral 706004 Togdheer Agropastoral 706005 Hawd Pastoral 706006 Northern Inland Pastoral â€“ Goats and Sheep 706007 East Golis â€“ Frankincense, Goats, and Fishing 706008 Coastal Deeh Pastoral and Fishing 706009 Addun Pastoral 706010 Cowpea Belt Agropastoral 706011 Southern Inland Pastoral â€“ Camels, Goats, Sheep, and Cattle 706012 Southern Agropastoral â€“ Goats, Camels, and Sorghum 706013 Riverine Pump Irrigation 706014 Riverine Gravity Irrigation 706015 Sorghum High Potential Agropastoral 706016 Bay Bakool Low Potential Agropastoral 706017 Southern Rainfed Agropastoral â€“ Maize, Cattle, and Goats 706018 Juba Pastoral â€“ Cattle and Goats 706019 Urban 716000 Urban 716001 Agrofisheries 716002 Beitbridge South Western Lowveld Communal 716003 Bikita-Zaka Highlands Communal 716004 Central and Northern Semi Intensive Farming 716005 Cereal and High Cotton Communal 716006 Cereal and Low Cotton Communal 716007 Eastern Highlands Commercial Farming 716008 Eastern Highlands Prime Communal 716009 Eastern Kalahari Sandveld Communal 716010 Greater Mudzi Communal 716011 Highveld Prime Cereal and Cash Crop Resettlement 716012 Highveld Prime Communal 716013 Irrigated Commercial Sugar and Fruit Farming 716014 Kariba Valley and Kariangwe-Jambezi Communal 716015 Livestock and Cereal Farming Communal in Forests 716016 Lusulu, Lupane and Southern Gokwe Mixed Agriculture 716017 Masvingo Manicaland Middleveld Smallholder 716018 Matabeleland Middleveld Communal 716019 Mutorashanga Informal mining 716020 Mwenezi, Chivi and South Midland Communal 716021 Northern Cattle and Cereal Farming 716022 Northern Zambezi Valley Communal 716023 Save River Valley and Ndowoyo Communal 716024 Southern Cattle and Cereal Farming 716025 Western Kalahari Sandveld Communal 716026 National Park 728001 Equatorial maize and cassava 728002 Ironstone Plateau agro-pastoral 728003 Highland forest and sorghum 728004 Western groundnuts, sesame and sorghum 728005 Eastern semi-arid pastoral 728006 Eastern plains sorghum and cattle 728007 Greater Bahr el Ghazal sorghum and cattle 728008 Nile basin fishing and agro-pastoral 728009 Oil resources, maize and cattle 728010 Northeastern maize and cattle 728011 Northern sorhgum and livestock 729000 Not Zoned 729001 Northern Riverine Small-scale Cultivation 729002 Southern Riverine Small/Medium-scale Cultivation 729003 Eastern Pastoral 729004 West and Central Pastoral 729005 Eastern Khors Agropastoral 729006 Coastal Fishing 729007 Eastern Agropastoral Sorghum 729008 Flood-retreat Cultivation 729009 Central Irrigated Schemes 729010 Southeast Rainfed Semi-mechanized Agriculture 729011 Rainfed Sorghum Belt 729012 Western Agropastoral Millet and Groundnuts 729013 Western Agropastoral Millet 729014 Central Rainfed Millet and Sesame 729015 Jabel Marra Mixed Highland Cultivation 729016 Western Wadi Cultivation 729017 North Darfur Tobacco 729018 North Kordofan Gum Arabic Belt 729019 Cattle Dominant Agropastoral 800001 North Eastern Karamoja Highland Apiculture and Potato Zone 800002 Western Karamoja Mixed Crop Farming Zone 800003 South Eastern Karamoja Cattle Maize Zone 800004 Karamoja Mountain and Foot Hills Maize and Cattle Zone 800005 Central Karamoja Sorghum and Livestock Zone 800006 NE Sorghum Simsim Maize Livestock Zone 800007 North Kitgum Gulu Amuru West Nile Simsim Sorghum Livestock Zone 800008 Palabek Tobacco Simsim Sorghum and Cattle Zone 800009 South Kitgum Pader Abim Simsim Groundnuts Sorghum Cattle Zone 800010 Albertine West Nile Lowland Cattle Zone 800011 Kafu Muzizi Maize Upland Rice Cassava Zone 800012 Albertine Escarpment Cotton Cassava Zone 800013 Bwijanga Pakanyi SugarcaNE Maize Cassava Zone 800014 Karuma Masindi Oyam Tobacco Maize Cassava Zone 800015 West Nile Tobacco Cassava Sorghum Zone 800016 Rwenzori Mt.Elgon West Nile Arabica Coffee Banana Zone 800017 Amuru Gulu Rice Groundnut Sorghum Livestock Zone 800018 Southwest Gulu Beans Groundnuts Shoat Cassava 800019 Mid North Simsim Maize Cassava Zone 800020 Eastern Lowland Maize Beans Rice Zone 800021 Eastern Central Lowland Cassava Sorghum and Groundnut Zone 800022 Mt Elgon Highland Irish Potato Cereal Zone 800023 Central and Southern Cattle Cassava Maize Zone 800024 Lakeshore and Riverbank Fishing Zone 800025 Southeastern Maize Beans Robusta Coffee Zone 800026 Midwest Central and Lake Victoria Crescent Robusta Coffee Banana Maize and Cattle Zone 800027 Rwenzori Midland Banana Fruit Vegetable Dairy Zone 800028 Kazinga Channel Cassava Maize Fruit Vegetable Cotton Zone 800029 Rwenzori Lowland Maize Vegetable Banana Zone 800030 Southeastern Lowland Cassava Cereal Zone 800031 Eastern Lowland Rice Root Crop Zone 800032 Southeastern Lowland Cassava Maize Sweet Potato Zone 800033 East Central Plantation Outgrower Zone 800034 Kayunga Masaka Pineapple Banana Robusta Coffee and Cassava Zone 800035 SW Highland Irish Potato Sorghum Vegetable Zone 800036 Kalangala Fishing Oil Palm Cassava Zone 800037 Western Rift Valley Cocoa Coffee Cassava Zone 800038 Rwenzori Midland Tea and Dairy Zone 800039 Southwestern Midland Banana Robusta Coffee Cattle Zone 800040 SW Rift Valley Tobacco Bean Millet Zone 800041 Urban 800042 National Park 834001 Southern Maasai Pastoralist 834002 River Pangani Paddy and Maize Basin 834003 Tanga Maize and Cattle 834004 Tanga Maize and Sisal Employment 834005 Usambara-Pare Highland 834006 Tanga Maize, Orange, and Jackfruit Midlands 834007 Tanga-Pwani Coastal Maize, Paddy Belt 834008 Handeni-Bagamoyo Maize, Cassava, and Fruit Midlands 834009 Loliondo Midland Maize, Beans, and Livestock 834010 Lower Rombo Maize, Beans, and Finger Millet 834011 Kilimanjaro-Meru Maize, Coffee, and Plantains 834012 Karatu Wheat, Maize, and Coffee 834013 Lower Arusha-Simanjiro Maize 834014 Northern Maasai Pastoralist 834015 Nowu Maize, Beans, and Onions Highlands 834016 Babati Kwaraa Maize, Beans, Sunflower, and Coffee 834017 Kiteto-Kongwa-Mpwapwa-Mvomero Maize, Sorghum, and Pigeon Pea 834018 Mbulu-Karatu Midlands Maize, Beans, and Livestock 834019 Hadzabe Hunter-Gatherer Wild Honey, Wild Roots, and Wild Fruit 834020 Wembere Paddy, Sorghum, Maize, Sunflower, and Fishing 834021 Bahi-Sanza Irrigated Rice, Maize, Bulrush Millet, and Livestock 834022 Iramba Midland Onion, Maize, and Sunflower 834023 Manyoni Upland Maize, Sunflower, Sesame, and Livestock 834024 Tabora-Singida Midland Maize, Sunflower, and Livestock 834025 Singida-Manyara Maize, Sorghum, Beans, and Sunflower 834026 East and South Lakeshore Fishing, Cassava, and Upland Rice 834027 Western Lakeshore Coffee, Fishing, and Banana 834028 Kagera-Kigoma-Mara Banana, Coffee, and Beans 834029 Mwanza-Shinyanga-Mara Cotton, Livestock, Cassava, and Maize 834030 Kagera Lowlands Beans, Maize, and Livestock 834031 Shinyanga-Tabora Cotton, Upland Rice, Sweet Potato, and Livestock 834032 Sengerema-Geita Highland Cassava, Rice, and Maize 834033 Kagera-Kigoma Beans, Cassava, and Maize 834034 Kahama-Tabora Midland Tobacco, Maize, Rice, and Livestock 834035 Kishapu-Meatu-Maswa Sorghum, Cotton, Sweet Potato, and Livestock 834036 Urambo-Nzega Lowland Groundnuts, Cotton, and Maize 834037 Kigoma Lowland Palm Oil, Cassava, and Maize 834038 Urambo Agropastoral Maize and Sweet Potato 834039 Victoria Islands Fishing, Cassava, Sweet Potato, and Paddy 834040 Ruaha Riverine Maize, Onion, Tomato, and Paddy Lowlands 834041 Chalinze-Tunuguo Maize, Cattle, and Cassava 834042 Kilombero-Mtibwa Paddy, Maize, and Sugar Employment 834043 Kilombero-Ulanga-Lusewa Paddy, Maize, and Cassava 834044 Kilosa-Mvomero Maize and Paddy Lowlands 834045 Matombo-Kuyuni Spice, Maize, and Banana 834046 Bagamoyo-Kibaha Midland Cassava, Cashew, and Maize 834047 Morogoro Highland Maize and Vegetable 834048 Maskat-Kimbet Maize and Beans Highlands 834049 Newala-Masasi Plateau Sesame, Cassava, Cashew, and Sorghum 834050 Mtwara-Lindi Coastal Rice and Cashew 834051 Matumbi Midland Upland Rice, Oranges, and Maize 834052 Lindi-Nachingwea Lowland Cassava and Maize 834053 Southeastern Plateau Cassava, Cashew, and Bambara Nuts 834054 Mtwara-Lindi-Pwani Riverine 834055 Singida-Dodoma Sorghum, B/Millet, Sunflower, and Livestock 834056 Dodoma Lowland Sunflower, Grape, and Sorghum 834057 Mpanda Maize, Paddy, Sunflower, and Livestock 834058 Lake Tanganyika-Rukwa Fishing, Maize, and Sunflower 834059 Kyela Paddy, Cacao, and Palm Oil Lowlands 834060 Rungwe Banana, Coffee, Tea, and Livestock Midlands 834061 Mporoto-Umalila Irish Potato, Maize, Wheat, and Pyrethrum Highlands 834062 Mbozi-Mbeya Coffee, Maize, Beans, and Livestock Highlands 834063 Usangu Paddy, Maize, Sorghum, and Livestock Wetlands 834064 Kamsamba Paddy, Sorghum, and Livestock Lowlands 834065 Chunya Maize, Sunflower, Cassava, and Groundnut Midlands 834066 West Chunya Maize, Bulrush Millet, and Sesame Lowlands 834067 Lake Nyasa Shore Cassava Fishing and Paddy 834068 Namtumbo Tobacco, Maize, Paddy, and Cassava Midlands 834069 Matengo Coffee, Maize, Beans, and Piggery Midlands 834070 Songea-Namtumbo-Ludewa-Mibinga Maize, Beans, and Cassava Midlands 834071 Njombe-Mufindi Maize, Timber, Tea, Pyrethrum, and Employment 834072 Mtera Dam Fishing, Sorghum, and Sesame 834073 Makete Wheat, Irish Potato, Timber, and Employment Highlands 834074 Njombe-Mufindi Maize, Irish Potato, and Bean 834075 Iringa-Mbarali Maize, Sunflower, Beans, and Groundnut Belt 834076 Tunduru-Nachingwea-Nanyumbu Cashew, Cassava, and Paddy Lowlands 834077 Mpanda-Chunya-Sikonge Maize and Tobacco Lowlands 834078 Sumbawanga-Mbozi-Mpanda Maize, Sunflower, and Livestock 834098 Water 834099 Not Zoned 854001 South tubers and cereals 854002 Southwest fruits, cotton, and cereals 854003 West cotton and cereals 854004 West cereals and remittances 854005 Central plateau cereals and market gardening 854006 Ouagadougou peri-urban 854007 North and east livestock and cereals 854008 North transhumant pastoralism and millet 854009 Southeast cereals, livestock, forestry and faune 887001 Amran Rainfed Sorghum, Barley, Qat, and Livestock Zone 887002 Arabian Sea Coastal Irrigated Tropical Fruit, Fodder and Livestock Zone 887003 Central and Eastern Plateau Agro-Pastoral Zone 887004 Central and Eastern Wadi Palm, Wheat, Vegetable and Livestock Zone 887005 Central Highland Potato, Vegetable and Livestock Zone 887006 Eastern Plateau Sorghum, Millet and Livestock Zone 887007 Greater Yemen Coastal and Island Fishing Zone 887008 Northern and Eastern Desert Pastoral Zone 887009 Sa'adah Irrigated Wheat, Fruit, Vegetable, Qat, and Livestock Zone 887010 Western and Central Highland Qat, Grain, Fodder and Livestock Zone 887011 Western and Central Wadi Sorghum, Millet, Vegetable, Fruit and Livestock Zone 887012 Western Central Highland Coffee, Qat, Sorghum and Livestock Zone 887013 Western Central Highland Wheat, Sorghum, Qat, and Livestock Zone 887014 Western Coastal Plain Sorghum, Millet, and Livestock Zone 887015 Urban 894001 Zambezi Plain Rice, Livestock, and Fishing 894002 Southwestern Cereal, Livestock, and Timber 894003 Western and Northwestern Cassava, Maize, and Cattle 894004 Kaoma Smallholder Food Crop and Tobacco 894005 Northwestern Timber and Honey 894006 Solwezi and Kasempa Mining Labor and Agriculture 894007 Kafue Plain Maize, Cattle, and Fishing 894008 Commercial Rail Line Maize, Livestock, and Cotton 894009 Southern Plateau Cattle, Maize, and Tobacco 894010 Zambezi Valley Agro-fisheries 894011 Mkushi, Chisamba, and Mpongwe Commercial Farming Block 894012 Central Copperbelt Maize, Cassava, and Sweet Potato 894013 Copperbelt Labor and Trade 894014 Mkushi and Serenje Maize, Sweet Potato, and Horticulture 894015 Luangwa Valley Informal Mining, Fishing, and Hunting 894016 Eastern Plateau Maize, Cotton, and Groundnut 894017 Eastern Plateau Maize, Groundnut, Tobacco, and Trade 894018 Luangwa Valley Subsistence Farming, Hunting, and Tourism 894019 Northern Border Maize, Beans, Livestock, and Trade 894020 Muchinga, Northern, and Luapula Cassava, Groundnut, and Mill 894021 Mweru, Bangweulu, and Tanganyika Fisheries Social Variables -- TOPICS Proportion of land area used for agriculture (circa 2000) CROPLAND reports the proportion of land that is planted in crops, for a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The statistics reported in CROPLAND are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. CROPLAND is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. CROPLAND, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Proportion of land area used for pastureland (circa 2000) PASTURELAND reports the proportion of land that is used as pasture, for a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The pasture area statistics reported in PASTURELAND are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. PASTURELAND is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. PASTURELAND, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation monthly time-series PRECIP consists of a set of 72 separate variables. These variables report the average precipitation in millimeters, received within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, for the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, the month of the survey start date, and the 11 individual months following the survey start date. Note that "average" precipitation here refers to averaging the monthly precipitation values for the various subareas included in the buffer zone. By adding PRECIP to your data cart, you are in effect adding 72 separate variables for: the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, denoted by the number of months prior to the survey start date (e.g., PRECIP_01 is the average precipitation in the month before the survey start date; PRECIP_60 is the average precipitation in the 60th month before the survey start date); the month of the survey start date (PRECIP_00); the 11 individual months following the month of the survey start date, denoted by the number of months following the month of the survey start date (e.g., PRECIP_A01 is the average precipitation in the month following the month of the survey start date). The full set of monthly precipitation data, from January 1981 through August 2018, is available on the IPUMS-DHS contextual variables downloads [URL omitted from DDI.] page. Users can merge the precipitation data, available in csv format, with their IPUMS-DHS data extract to create average or total precipitation variables (e.g., average January precipitation, total 2017 precipitation), for the time frame suited to their research question. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 PRECIP available Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 60 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 59 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 58 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 57 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 56 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 55 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 54 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 53 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 52 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 51 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 50 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 49 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 48 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 47 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 46 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 45 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 44 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 43 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 42 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 41 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 40 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 39 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 38 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 37 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 36 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 35 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 34 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 33 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 32 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 31 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 30 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 29 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 28 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 27 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 26 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 25 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 24 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 23 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 22 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 21 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 20 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 19 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 18 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 17 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 16 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 15 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 14 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 13 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 12 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 11 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 10 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 9 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 8 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 7 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 6 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 5 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 4 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 3 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 2 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 1 month before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation month of survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 1 month after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 2 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 3 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 4 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 5 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 6 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 7 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 8 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 9 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 10 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 11 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum monthly temperature TEMPMIN consists of a set of 72 separate variables reporting minimum monthly temperatures. These variables report the average minimum temperature in kelvin scale, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, for the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, the month of the survey start date, and the 11 individual months following the survey start date. Note that "average" minimum temperature here refers to averaging the minimum temperature values for the various subareas included in the buffer zone. By adding TEMPMIN to your data cart, you are in effect adding 72 separate variables for: the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, denoted by the number of months prior to the survey start date (e.g., TEMPMIN_01 is the average minimum temperature in the month before the survey start date; TEMPMIN _60 is the average minimum temperature in the 60th month before the survey start date) the month of the survey start date (TEMPMIN _00) the 11 individual months following the month of the survey start date, denoted by the number of months following the month of the survey start date (e.g., TEMPMIN_A01 is the average minimum temperature in the month following the month of the survey start date) The full set of monthly temperature data, from January 1980 through December 2016, is available on the IPUMS-DHS contextual variables downloads [URL omitted from DDI.] page. Users can merge the temperature data, available in csv format, with their IPUMS-DHS data extract to create average or total precipitation variables (e.g., average minimum January temperature), for the time frame suited to their research question. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 TEMPMAX available Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 60 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 59 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 58 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 57 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 56 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 55 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 54 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 53 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 52 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 51 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 50 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 49 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 48 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 47 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 46 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 45 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 44 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 43 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 42 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 41 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 40 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 39 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 38 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 37 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 36 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 35 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 34 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 33 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 32 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 31 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 30 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 29 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 28 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 27 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 26 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 25 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 24 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 23 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 22 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 21 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 20 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 19 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 18 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 17 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 16 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 15 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 14 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 13 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 12 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 11 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 10 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 9 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 8 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 7 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 6 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 5 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 4 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 3 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 2 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 1 month before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature month of survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 1 month after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 2 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 3 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 4 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 5 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 6 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 7 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 8 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 9 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 10 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 11 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum monthly temperature TEMPMAX consists of a set of 72 separate variables reporting maximum monthly temperatures. These variables report the average maximum temperature in kelvin scale, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, for the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, the month of the survey start date, and the 11 individual months following the survey start date. Note that "average" maximum temperature here refers to averaging the maximum temperature values for the various subareas included in the buffer zone. By adding TEMPMAX to your data cart, you are in effect adding 72 separate variables for: the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, denoted by the number of months prior to the survey start date (e.g., TEMPMAX_01 is the average maximum temperature in the month before the survey start date; TEMPMAX _60 is the average maximum temperature in the 60th month before the survey start date) the month of the survey start date (TEMPMAX _00) the 11 individual months following the month of the survey start date, denoted by the number of months following the month of the survey start date (e.g., TEMPMAX_A01 is the average maximum temperature in the month following the month of the survey start date). The full set of monthly temperature data, from January 1980 through December 2016, is available on the IPUMS-DHS contextual variables downloads [URL omitted from DDI.] page. Users can merge the temperature data, available in csv format, with their IPUMS-DHS data extract to create average or total precipitation variables (e.g., average maximum July temperature), for the time frame suited to their research question. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 TEMPMAX available Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 60 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 59 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 58 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 57 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 56 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 55 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 54 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 53 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 52 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 51 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 50 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 49 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 48 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 47 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 46 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 45 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 44 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 43 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 42 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 41 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 40 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 39 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 38 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 37 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 36 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 35 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 34 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 33 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 32 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 31 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 30 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 29 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 28 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 27 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 26 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 25 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 24 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 23 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 22 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 21 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 20 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 19 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 18 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 17 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 16 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 15 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 14 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 13 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 12 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 11 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 10 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 9 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 8 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 7 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 6 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 5 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 4 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 3 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 2 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 1 month before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature month of survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 1 month after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 2 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 3 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 4 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 5 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 6 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 7 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 8 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 9 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 10 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 11 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Population density quinquennial time-series (2000-2020) POPDENSITY consists of a set of 5 separate variables. These variables report the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. By adding POPDENSITY to your data cart, you are in effect adding 5 separate variables (POPDENSITY_2000 - POPDENSITY_2020), one variable for each month. Values for POPDENSITY are based onÂ population projections from the results of the 2000 and 2010 rounds of censuses. POPDENSITY variables can be used as indicators of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, for greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. POPDENSITY, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 POPDENSITY available Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2000 POPDENSITY_2000 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2000. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2000 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2000 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2000 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2005 POPDENSITY_2005 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2005. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2005 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2005 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2005 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2010 POPDENSITY_2010 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2010. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2010 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2010 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2010 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2015 POPDENSITY_2015 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2015. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2015 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2015 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2015 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2020 POPDENSITY_2020 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2020. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2020 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2020 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Values for POPDENSITY_2020 are based on population projections from the results of the 2010 round of censuses, which occurred between 2005 and 2014. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2020 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Battles annual time-series BATTLES consists of a set of 22 separate variables, each covering one year from 1997 to 2018. The variables report the number of days, within the specified year, in which battles occurred within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. By adding BATTLES to your data cart, you are in effect adding 22 separate variables (BATTLES_1997 to BATTLES_2018), one variable for each year. The 2018 data in IPUMS-DHS end on September 15, 2018. Data for BATTLES are obtained from the Armed Conflict Location and Event Data Project ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.], downloaded on September 15, 2018. According to ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.], data on BATTLES include: Battles with no change in territory (a battle between two violent armed groups where control of the contested location does not change); Battles in which a non-state actor overtakes territory (a battle where non-state actors win control of a location); Battles in which the government regains territory (a battle in which the government regains control of a location). Users should be aware that all three kinds of battles are included in the variable BATTLES. Also, ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.] data provide differing levels of "geo-precision" or locational accuracy. IPUMS-DHS includes all levels ofÂ locational accuracyÂ in its variable BATTLES. Please refer to ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.] for additional details on ACLED's procedures, methods of data collection, and data revision. BATTLES, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 BATTLES available Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 1997 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 1998 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 1999 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2000 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2001 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2002 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2003 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2004 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2005 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2006 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2007 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2008 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2009 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2010 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2011 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2012 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2013 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2014 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2015 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2016 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2017 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2018 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Riots annual time-series RIOTS consists of a set of 22 separate variables, each covering one year from 1997 to 2018. The variables report the number of days, within the specified year, in which riots or protests occurred within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. By adding RIOTS to your data cart, you are in effect adding 22 separate variables (RIOTS_1997 to RIOTS_2018), one variable for each year. The 2018 data in IPUMS-DHS end on September 15, 2018. Data for RIOTS are obtained from the Armed Conflict Location and Event Data Project ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.], downloaded on September 15, 2018. The RIOTS variable counts incidents of organized demonstrations (against political entities, businesses, or private institutions) involving non-violent protestors or rioters (demonstrators employing violence), as well as spontaneous acts of violence by disorganized groups (targeting property or clashing with other groups or security institutions). Also, ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.] data provide differing levels of "geo-precision" or locational accuracy. IPUMS-DHS includes all levels of locational accuracy in its variable RIOTS. Please refer to ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.] for additional details on ACLED's procedures, methods of data collection, and data revision. RIOTS, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 RIOTS available Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 1997 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 1998 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 1999 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2000 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2001 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2002 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2003 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2004 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2005 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2006 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2007 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2008 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2009 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2010 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2011 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2012 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2013 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2014 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2015 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2016 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2017 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2018 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Violence against civilians annual time-series CIV_VIOLENCE consists of a set of 22 separate variables, each covering one year from 1997 to 2018. The variables report the number of days, within the specified year, in which violence against civilians occurred within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. By adding CIV_VIOLENCE to your data cart, you are in effect adding 22 separate variables (CIV_VIOLENCE_1997 to CIV_VIOLENCE_2018), one variable for each year. The 2018 data in IPUMS-DHS end on September 15, 2018. Data for CIV_VIOLENCE are obtained from the Armed Conflict Location and Event Data Project ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.], downloaded on September 15, 2018. The Armed Conflict Location and Event Data Project (ACLED) defines violence against civilians as deliberate acts perpetrated by an organized political group (such as rebel, militia, or government forces) against unarmed non-combatants who are unable to defend themselves or engage in violence. Such conflicts harm or kill civilians, through events resulting in significant harm (e.g., bombing, shooting, torture, rape, mutilation) or accosting victims (kidnapping and disappearances); however, no fatalities are required for inclusion of the event. Events in which only property damage occurs or people are relocated without physical harm do not count as incidents of violence against civilians. ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.] data provide differing levels of "geo-precision" or locational accuracy. IPUMS-DHS includes all levels of locational accuracy in its variable CIV_VIOLENCE. Please refer to ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.] for additional details on their procedures, methods of data collection, and data revision. CIV_VIOLENCE, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 CIV_VIOLENCE available Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 1997 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 1998 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 1999 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2000 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2001 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2002 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2003 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2004 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2005 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2006 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2007 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2008 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2009 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2010 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2011 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2012 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2013 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2014 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2015 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2016 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2017 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2018 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area barley (in 2000) BARLEY_H reports total harvested area dedicated to barley, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in BARLEY_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable BARLEY_P reports total crop production of barley, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. BARLEY_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area cassava (in 2000) CASSAVA_H reports total harvested area dedicated to cassava, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in CASSAVA_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable CASSAVA_P reports total crop production of cassava, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. CASSAVA_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area cotton (in 2000) COTTON_H reports total harvested area dedicated to cotton, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in COTTON_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable COTTON_P reports total crop production of cotton, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. COTTON_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area groundnuts (in 2000) GROUNDNUT_H reports total harvested area dedicated to groundnuts, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in GROUNDNUT_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable GROUNDNUT_P reports total crop production of groundnuts, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. GROUNDNUT_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area maize (in 2000) MAIZE_H reports total harvested area dedicated to maize, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in MAIZE_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable MAIZE_P reports total crop production of maize, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. MAIZE_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area millet (in 2000) MILLET_H reports total harvested area dedicated to millet, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in MILLET_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable MILLET_P reports total crop production of millet, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. MILLET_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area oilpalm (in 2000) OILPALM_H reports total harvested area dedicated to oil palm, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in OILPALM_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable OILPALM_P reports total crop production of oil palm, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. OILPALM_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area potatoes (in 2000) POTATO_H reports total harvested area dedicated to potatoes, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in POTATO_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable POTATO_P reports total crop production of potatoes, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. POTATO_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area rapeseed (in 2000) RAPESEED_H reports total harvested area dedicated to rapeseed, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in RAPESEED_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RAPESEED_P reports total crop production of rapeseed, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RAPESEED_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area rice (in 2000) RICE_H reports total harvested area dedicated to rice, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in RICE_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RICE_P reports total crop production of rice, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RICE_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area sorghum (in 2000) SORGHUM_H reports total harvested area dedicated to sorghum, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SORGHUM_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SORGHUM_P reports total crop production of sorghum, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SORGHUM_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area soybeans (in 2000) SOYBEAN_H reports total harvested area dedicated to soybeans, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SOYBEAN_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SOYBEAN_P reports total crop production of soybean, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SOYBEAN_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area sugarbeets (in 2000) SUGARBEET_H reports total harvested area dedicated to sugar beets, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SUGARBEET_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUGARBEET_P reports total crop production of sugar beets, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUGARBEET_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area sugarcane (in 2000) SUGARCANE_H reports total harvested area dedicated to sugar cane, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SUGARCANE_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUGARCANE_P reports total crop production of sugar cane, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUGARCANE_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area sunflowers (in 2000) SUNFLOWER_H reports total harvested area dedicated to sunflowers, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SUNFLOWER_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUNFLOWER_P reports total crop production of sunflowers, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUNFLOWER_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area wheat (in 2000) WHEAT_H reports total harvested area dedicated to wheat, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in WHEAT_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable WHEAT_P reports total crop production of wheat, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. WHEAT_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area rye (in 2000) RYE_H reports total harvested area dedicated to rye, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in RYE_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RYE_P reports total crop production of rye, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RYE_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total barley production (in 2000) BARLEY_P reports the total crop production of barley, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in BARLEY_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable BARLEY_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to barley, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. BARLEY_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total cassava production (in 2000) CASSAVA_P reports the total crop production of cassava, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in CASSAVA_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable CASSAVA_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to cassava, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. CASSAVA_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total cotton production (in 2000) COTTON_P reports the total crop production of cotton, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in COTTON_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable COTTON_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to cotton, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. COTTON_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total groundnut production (in 2000) GROUNDNUT_P reports the total crop production of groundnuts, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in GROUNDNUT_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable GROUNDNUT_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to groundnuts, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. GROUNDNUT_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total maize production (in 2000) MAIZE_P reports the total crop production of maize, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in MAIZE_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable MAIZE_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to maize, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. MAIZE_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total millet production (in 2000) MILLET_P reports the total crop production of millet, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in MILLET_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable MILLET_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to millet, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. MILLET_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total oilpalm production (in 2000) OILPALM_P reports the total crop production of oil palm, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in OILPALM_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable OILPALM_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to oil palm, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. OILPALM_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total potato production (in 2000) POTATO_P reports the total crop production of potatoes, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in POTATO_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable POTATO_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to potatoes, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. POTATO_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total rapeseed production (in 2000) RAPESEED_P reports the total crop production of rapeseed, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in RAPESEED_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RAPESEED_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to rapeseed, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RAPESEED_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total rice production (in 2000) RICE_P reports the total crop production of rice, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in RICE_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RICE_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to rice, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RICE_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total sorghum production (in 2000) SORGHUM_P reports the total crop production of sorghum, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SORGHUM_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SORGHUM_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to sorghum, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SORGHUM_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total soybean production (in 2000) SOYBEAN_P reports the total crop production of soybeans, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SOYBEAN_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SOYBEAN_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to soybeans, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SOYBEAN_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total sugarbeet production (in 2000) SUGARBEET_P reports the total crop production of sugar beets, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SUGARBEET_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUGARBEET_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to sugar beets, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUGARBEET_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total sugarcane production (in 2000) SUGARCANE_P reports the total crop production of sugar cane, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SUGARCANE_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUGARCANE_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to sugar cane, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUGARCANE_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total sunflower production (in 2000) SUNFLOWER_P reports the total crop production of sunflowers, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SUNFLOWER_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUNFLOWER_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to sunflowers, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUNFLOWER_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total wheat production (in 2000) WHEAT_P reports the total crop production of wheat, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in WHEAT_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable WHEAT_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to wheat, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. WHEAT_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total rye production (in 2000) RYE_P reports the total crop production of rye, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in RYE_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RYE_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to rye, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RYE_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS IPUMS-DHS sample identifier SAMPLE identifies the DHS sample from which the case is drawn. Each sample receives a unique 5-digit code. The first three digits are ISO/UN codes used in COUNTRY, and the last two digits identify the sample within the country, ordered by survey year. The related variable SAMPLESTR is a string variable that identifies the DHS sample with the same 5-digit code. 00101 Model 2015 00401 Afghanistan 2015 02401 Angola 2015 05001 Bangladesh 1994 05002 Bangladesh 1996-97 05003 Bangladesh 1999-00 05004 Bangladesh 2004 05005 Bangladesh 2007 05006 Bangladesh 2011 05007 Bangladesh 2014 10401 Myanmar 2015 10801 Burundi 1987 10802 Burundi 2010 10803 Burundi 2016 11601 Cambodia 2000 11602 Cambodia 2005 11603 Cambodia 2010 11604 Cambodia 2014 12001 Cameroon 1991 12002 Cameroon 1998 12003 Cameroon 2004 12004 Cameroon 2011 14801 Chad 1996-97 14802 Chad 2004 14803 Chad 2014 18001 Congo Democratic Republic 2007 18002 Congo Democratic Republic 2013-14 20401 Benin 1996 20402 Benin 2001 20403 Benin 2006 20404 Benin 2011 23101 Ethiopia 2000 23102 Ethiopia 2005 23103 Ethiopia 2011 23104 Ethiopia 2016 28801 Ghana 1988 28802 Ghana 1993 28803 Ghana 1998 28804 Ghana 2003 28805 Ghana 2008 28806 Ghana 2014 32001 Guatemala 1987 32002 Guatemala 1995 32003 Guatemala 2015 32401 Guinea 1999 32402 Guinea 2005 32403 Guinea 2012 35601 India 1992-93 35602 India 1998-99 35603 India 2005-06 35604 India 2015-16 38401 Cote d'Ivoire 1994 38402 Cote d'Ivoire 1998 38403 Cote d'Ivoire 2011 40001 Jordan 1990 40002 Jordan 1997 40003 Jordan 2002 40004 Jordan 2007 40005 Jordan 2009 40006 Jordan 2012 40007 Jordan 2017-18 40401 Kenya 1989 40402 Kenya 1993 40403 Kenya 1998 40404 Kenya 2003 40405 Kenya 2008-9 40406 Kenya 2014 42601 Lesotho 2004 42602 Lesotho 2009 42603 Lesotho 2014 45001 Madagascar 1992 45002 Madagascar 1997 45003 Madagascar 2003 45004 Madagascar 2008 45401 Malawi 1992 45402 Malawi 2000 45403 Malawi 2004 45404 Malawi 2010 45405 Malawi 2016 46601 Mali 1987 46602 Mali 1995-6 46603 Mali 2001 46604 Mali 2006 46605 Mali 2012 50401 Morocco 1987 50402 Morocco 1992 50403 Morocco 2003 50801 Mozambique 1997 50802 Mozambique 2003 50803 Mozambique 2011 51601 Namibia 1992 51602 Namibia 2000 51603 Namibia 2006 51604 Namibia 2013 52401 Nepal 1996 52402 Nepal 2001 52403 Nepal 2006 52404 Nepal 2011 52405 Nepal 2016 56201 Niger 1992 56202 Niger 1998 56203 Niger 2006 56204 Niger 2012 56601 Nigeria 1990 56602 Nigeria 1999 56603 Nigeria 2003 56604 Nigeria 2008 56605 Nigeria 2013 58601 Pakistan 1990-91 58602 Pakistan 2006-07 58603 Pakistan 2012-13 58604 Pakistan 2017-18 60401 Peru 1991-92 60402 Peru 1996 60403 Peru 2000 60404 Peru 2004-08 60405 Peru 2010 60406 Peru 2011 60407 Peru 2012 64601 Rwanda 1992 64602 Rwanda 2000 64603 Rwanda 2005 64604 Rwanda 2010 64605 Rwanda 2014 68601 Senegal 1986 68602 Senegal 1992-93 68603 Senegal 1997 68604 Senegal 2005 68605 Senegal 2010-11 68606 Senegal 2012-13 68607 Senegal 2014 68608 Senegal 2015 68609 Senegal 2016 68610 Senegal 2017 71001 South Africa 1998 71002 South Africa 2016 71601 Zimbabwe 1988 71602 Zimbabwe 1994 71603 Zimbabwe 1999 71604 Zimbabwe 2005-6 71605 Zimbabwe 2010-11 71606 Zimbabwe 2015 72901 Sudan 1989-90 78801 Tunisia 1988 79201 Turkey 1993 79202 Turkey 1998 79203 Turkey 2003 80001 Uganda 1988 80002 Uganda 1995 80003 Uganda 2001 80004 Uganda 2006 80005 Uganda 2011 80006 Uganda 2016 81801 Egypt 1988 81802 Egypt 1992 81803 Egypt 1995 81804 Egypt 2000 81805 Egypt 2005 81806 Egypt 2008 81807 Egypt 2014 83401 Tanzania 1991 83402 Tanzania 1996 83403 Tanzania 1999 83404 Tanzania 2004 83405 Tanzania 2010 83406 Tanzania 2015 85401 Burkina Faso 1993 85402 Burkina Faso 1998 85403 Burkina Faso 2003 85404 Burkina Faso 2010 88701 Yemen 1991-92 88702 Yemen 2013 89401 Zambia 1992 89402 Zambia 1996 89403 Zambia 2001 89404 Zambia 2007 89405 Zambia 2013 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS IPUMS-DHS sample identifier (string) SAMPLESTR is a string variable that identifies the DHS sample from which the case is drawn. Each sample receives a unique 5-digit code. The first three digits are ISO/UN codes used in COUNTRY, and the last two digits identify the sample within the country, ordered by survey year. The related variable SAMPLE is a numeric variable that identifies the DHS sample with the same 5-digit code. 11603 Cambodia 2010 11602 Cambodia 2005 11601 Cambodia 2000 10803 Burundi 2016 10802 Burundi 2010 10801 Burundi 1987 10401 Myanmar 2015 05007 Bangladesh 2014 05006 Bangladesh 2011 05005 Bangladesh 2007 05004 Bangladesh 2004 05003 Bangladesh 1999-00 05001 Bangladesh 1994 05002 Bangladesh 1996-97 14801 Chad 1996-97 12004 Cameroon 2011 12003 Cameroon 2004 14803 Chad 2014 18001 Congo Democratic Republic 2007 18002 Congo Democratic Republic 2013-14 20401 Benin 1996 81807 Egypt 2014 81806 Egypt 2008 81805 Egypt 2005 81804 Egypt 2000 81803 Egypt 1995 81802 Egypt 1992 81801 Egypt 1988 80006 Uganda 2016 80005 Uganda 2011 80004 Uganda 2006 80003 Uganda 2001 80002 Uganda 1995 80001 Uganda 1988 79203 Turkey 2003 79202 Turkey 1998 79201 Turkey 1993 78801 Tunisia 1988 72901 Sudan 1989-90 71606 Zimbabwe 2015 71605 Zimbabwe 2010-11 71604 Zimbabwe 2005-6 71603 Zimbabwe 1999 71602 Zimbabwe 1994 71601 Zimbabwe 1988 71001 South Africa 1998 68610 Senegal 2017 68609 Senegal 2016 68608 Senegal 2015 68607 Senegal 2014 14802 Chad 2004 68606 Senegal 2012-13 68605 Senegal 2010-11 68604 Senegal 2005 68603 Senegal 1997 68602 Senegal 1992-93 68601 Senegal 1986 64605 Rwanda 2014 64604 Rwanda 2010 64603 Rwanda 2005 64602 Rwanda 2000 64601 Rwanda 1992 60407 Peru 2012 60406 Peru 2011 60405 Peru 2010 60404 Peru 2004-08 60403 Peru 2000 60402 Peru 1996 60401 Peru 1991-92 58603 Pakistan 2012-13 58602 Pakistan 2006-07 58601 Pakistan 1990-91 56605 Nigeria 2013 56604 Nigeria 2008 56603 Nigeria 2003 56602 Nigeria 1999 56601 Nigeria 1990 56204 Niger 2012 56203 Niger 2006 56202 Niger 1998 12002 Cameroon 1998 12001 Cameroon 1991 11604 Cambodia 2014 02401 Angola 2015 00401 Afghanistan 2015 00101 Model 2015 56201 Niger 1992 52404 Nepal 2011 52403 Nepal 2006 52402 Nepal 2001 52401 Nepal 1996 51604 Namibia 2013 51603 Namibia 2006 51602 Namibia 2000 51601 Namibia 1992 50803 Mozambique 2011 50802 Mozambique 2003 50801 Mozambique 1997 50403 Morocco 2003 50402 Morocco 1992 50401 Morocco 1987 46605 Mali 2012 46604 Mali 2006 46603 Mali 2001 46602 Mali 1995-6 46601 Mali 1987 45405 Malawi 2016 45404 Malawi 2010 45403 Malawi 2004 45402 Malawi 2000 45401 Malawi 1992 45004 Madagascar 2008 45003 Madagascar 2003 45002 Madagascar 1997 45001 Madagascar 1992 42603 Lesotho 2014 42602 Lesotho 2009 42601 Lesotho 2004 40406 Kenya 2014 40405 Kenya 2008-9 40404 Kenya 2003 40403 Kenya 1998 40402 Kenya 1993 40401 Kenya 1989 40006 Jordan 2012 40005 Jordan 2009 40004 Jordan 2007 40003 Jordan 2002 40002 Jordan 1997 40001 Jordan 1990 38403 Cote d'Ivoire 2011 38402 Cote d'Ivoire 1998 38401 Cote d'Ivoire 1994 35604 India 2015-16 35603 India 2005-06 35602 India 1998-99 35601 India 1992-93 32403 Guinea 2012 32402 Guinea 2005 32401 Guinea 1999 32003 Guatemala 2015 32002 Guatemala 1995 32001 Guatemala 1987 28806 Ghana 2014 28805 Ghana 2008 28804 Ghana 2003 28803 Ghana 1998 28802 Ghana 1993 28801 Ghana 1988 23104 Ethiopia 2016 23103 Ethiopia 2011 23102 Ethiopia 2005 23101 Ethiopia 2000 20404 Benin 2011 20403 Benin 2006 20402 Benin 2001 83401 Tanzania 1991 83402 Tanzania 1996 83403 Tanzania 1999 83404 Tanzania 2004 83405 Tanzania 2010 83406 Tanzania 2015 85401 Burkina Faso 1993 85402 Burkina Faso 1998 85403 Burkina Faso 2003 85404 Burkina Faso 2010 88701 Yemen 1991-92 88702 Yemen 2013 89401 Zambia 1992 89402 Zambia 1996 89403 Zambia 2001 89404 Zambia 2007 89405 Zambia 2013 40007 Jordan 2017 52405 Nepal 2016 58604 Pakistan 2017-18 71002 South Africa 2016 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Country COUNTRY reports the country where the survey was fielded. The codes assigned to each country are those used by the UN Statistics Division and the ISO (International Organization for Standardization). 001 Model 004 Afghanistan 024 Angola 050 Bangladesh 104 Myanmar 108 Burundi 116 Cambodia 120 Cameroon 148 Chad 180 Congo Democratic Republic 204 Benin 231 Ethiopia 288 Ghana 320 Guatemala 324 Guinea 356 India 384 Cote d'Ivoire 400 Jordan 404 Kenya 426 Lesotho 450 Madagascar 454 Malawi 466 Mali 504 Morocco 508 Mozambique 516 Namibia 524 Nepal 562 Niger 566 Nigeria 586 Pakistan 604 Peru 646 Rwanda 686 Senegal 710 South Africa 716 Zimbabwe 729 Sudan 788 Tunisia 792 Turkey 800 Uganda 818 Egypt 834 Tanzania 854 Burkina Faso 887 Yemen 894 Zambia Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Year of sample YEAR reports the year when the survey was fielded, as a four-digit variable. In some cases, the DHS was conducted over the course of two years (e.g., Ethiopia 2010-2011), but YEAR always gives a single year. For full information about the timing of the surveys, please consult the IPUMS-DHS Sample Descriptions page. 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 2017 2017 2018 2018 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Unique cross-sample household identifier IDHSHID is an identifying number unique to a specific household in a given sample. It is a concatenation of SAMPLE, CLUSTERNO and HHNUM. IDHSHID is a 19-character string variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Key to link DHS clusters to context data (string) DHSID is the 14-character DHS identification code for DHS clusters constructed from the 2-character country code, the 4-digit survey year, and the 8-digit cluster identification number. DHSID is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample and uniquely identifies clusters across samples. It serves as the unique linking key between IPUMS-DHS microdata and DHS cluster shapefiles. This is a 14-digit numeric variable with 0 implied decimal places Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Unique sample-case PSU identifier IDHSPSU is an identifying number unique to the primary sampling unit in a given sample. This variable is a concatenation of SAMPLE (which uniquely identifies each country- and year-specific sample) and PSU (the numbered primary sampling units within a given sample). Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Unique cross-sample sampling strata IDHSSTRATA is an identifying number unique to the sampling strata in a given sample. This variable is a concatenation of SAMPLE (which uniquely identifies each country- and year-specific sample) and STRATA (groups of geographically similar areas, from which primary sampling units are drawn). Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific household identifier HHID is an identifying number unique to each household in a given sample. HHID is a 15-character string variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific primary sampling unit PSUHH (HV021) indicates the primary sampling unit for household members. This variable should be used along with the variable DOMAINHH (HV023) to account for the impact of the sample design clustering on variance estimates and standard errors. The DHS Recode Manuals for Phase 2 forward describe the primary sampling unit as follows: Primary sampling unit is a number assigned to sample points to identify the primary sampling units for use in the calculation of sampling errors. This variable is usually the same as the cluster number and/or the ultimate area unit, but may differ if the sample design required a multistage selection process. See the notes on DHS webpage "Using sample weights" [URL omitted from DDI.] on variance estimation for additional information. PSUHH (HV021) is a 5-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific sampling strata STRATAHH (HV022) defines the pairings or groupings of primary sampling units used in the calculation of sampling errors when using the Taylor series expansion method. In two-stage sampling, The DHS Program may first group small geographic areas, such as enumeration areas from the last census, into broad strata defined jointly by region and urban versus rural areas within a region. In the second stage of sampling, a subset of geographic areas (sample clusters) are selected as the sites for interviewing from within defined strata. The STRATAHH variable is not the same as DOMAINHH (HV023). (Domains represent statistically representative areas for which valid summary statistics can be calculated for a survey, such as provinces and national urban versus rural combined areas, as described in the survey's final report.) The DHS Program recommends using STRATAHH along with the variable PSUHH (HV021) to account for the impact of the sampling design clustering on estimates of variance and standard errors. Users are strongly encouraged to review the FAQ section provided by The DHS Program on specifying stratification and clustering here [URL omitted from DDI.], using Stata or SPSS to account for sample design. STRATAHH (HV022) is a 3-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific domain DOMAINHH (HV023) defines the basic geographic units for which the sample was designed to yield representative estimates. The DHS Recode Manual describes DOMAINHH as follows: For example, if the sample was designed to be self-weighting within region, this variable would define those regions; if the sample was designed to be self-weighting within major urban areas, other urban areas and rural areas, this variable would define the major urban, other urban and rural areas. If the sample is self-weighted at the national level, this variable is code 0. When representative estimates are desired, users should include survey design variables, including DOMAINHH (HV023) and PSUHH (HV021), and the correct sample weights (e.g., HHWEIGHT (HV005)) to adjust sampling errors to account for the DHS Program's sample design. In most countries, DOMAINHH defines the stratification for the sample (generally either regional or national). However, some countries use two levels of stratification, such as region and urban/rural areas. Users should check for the correct stratification design by consulting the Final Report(s) for the sample(s) of interest (particularly the Introduction and Sample Design sections and Implementation Appendix). Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Household number in cluster HHNUMALL (HV002) is the number identifying the household within the cluster or sample point. In some cases, this variable may be the combination of the dwelling number and the household number within the dwelling. To uniquely identify households in most samples, researchers must use HHNUMALL with CLUSTERNOALL (HV001). HHNUMALL is a 4-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific cluster number CLUSTERNOALL (HV001) reports the cluster number for the household member's de facto residence. According to the DHS Sampling Manual, "A cluster is the smallest geographical survey statistical unit for DHS surveys. It consists of a number of adjacent households in a geographical area. For DHS surveys, a cluster corresponds either to an [enumeration area], or a segment of a large [enumeration area]." The most recent census for a country, which divided all territory into enumeration areas to ensure full coverage of the population, often provides the sampling frame for a DHS survey. CLUSTERNOALL is the variable indicating the primary sampling unit or PSU. CLUSTERNOALL should be used along with the variable STRATAHH (HV022) to account for the impact of sample design clustering on the estimates of variance and standard errors. See the notes on DHS webpage "Use sample weights" [URL omitted from DDI.] on variance estimation for additional information. CLUSTERNOALL (HV001) and HHNUMALL (HV002) can be used to merge the household member recode file to the women's individual recode file. See the DHS webpage Merging Datasets [URL omitted from DDI.] on variables to be used for linking data sets. CLUSTERNOALL is an 8 digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Sample-specific ultimate area unit ULTAREAUNITALL (HV004) is a number assigned to each sample point to identify the ultimate area units used in the collection of data. This variable is usually the same as the cluster number [CLUSTERNOALL (HV001)], but it may be a sequentially-numbered variable for samples with a more complicated sampling structure. ULTAREAUNITALL can be used to account for the effects of sampling design clustering on variance estimates and standard errors. ULTAREAUNITALL (HV004) is a 4-digit variable. Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Line number in household HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULE: We would like some information about people who usually live in your household or are staying with you now. 1. LINE NUMBER ____ HHLINENO (HVIDX) reports the line number of the household member in the household schedule. 73 73 72 72 71 71 70 70 69 69 68 68 67 67 66 66 65 65 64 64 63 63 62 62 61 61 60 60 59 59 58 58 57 57 56 56 55 55 54 54 53 53 52 52 51 51 50 50 49 49 48 48 47 47 46 46 45 45 44 44 43 43 42 42 41 41 40 40 39 39 38 38 37 37 36 36 35 35 34 34 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 01 1 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Respondent's line number (answering Household questionnaire) HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULE: We would like some information about people who usually live in your household or are staying with you now. 1. LINE NUMBER ____ LINENOHHRESP (HV003) reports the line number in the household schedule of the person responding to the questions asked in the household questionnaire. If nobody in the household was available for the interview, this variable is coded "00." 00 Not in household 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 98 Missing Identifiers Variables -- TOPICS Household sample weight (6 decimals) HHWEIGHT (HV005) is an 8-digit numeric variable, which should be used as a weighting factor to produce representative numbers accurately describing the surveyed population, when household members are the unit of analysis. Weights and subsample selection Variables -- TOPICS Population factor weight POPWT is a population adjustment factor created by IPUMS to generate count estimates of household members for samples that are nationally representative. See our documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about how POPWT was created. Weights and subsample selection Variables -- TOPICS Number of eligible women in household TOTAL PERSONS IN HOUSEHOLD _____ TOTAL ELIGIBLE WOMEN _____ LINE NO. OF RESPONDENT TO HOUSEHOLD QUESTIONNAIRE _____ ELIGFEMNO (HV010) reports the number of women in the household who are eligible for the individual survey (for women of childbearing age). The selection criteria for eligibility are usually women age 15 to 49. In some countries, the selection criteria are further restricted to ever-married women. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 99 NIU (not in universe) Weights and subsample selection Variables -- TOPICS Eligibility for female interview ELIGIBILITY: 15. CIRCLE LINE NUMBER OF ALL WOMEN AGE 15-49. ELIGFEMINT (HV117) indicates whether the household member is eligible for the individual women's survey (i.e., those who could be part of the individual recode [IR] file). According to the DHS recode manuals: In most surveys, both de facto and non-de facto women are interviewed; however, women are included in the individual recode only if they were eligible for the interview and were de facto members of the household. (A few surveys use a de jure sample, and the above selection does not apply in those countries.) 0 Not eligible 1 Eligible 9 NIU (not in universe) Weights and subsample selection Variables -- TOPICS Line number of the head of household HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULE: We would like some information about people who usually live in your household or are staying with you now. 1. LINE NUMBER ____ HHEADLINENO (HV218) reports the line number of the head of the household. According to the DHS recode manual: This should always be 01; however, there are some households in certain surveys in which the head of household has not been listed as the first person in the household listing. To determine the proportion of households (rather than persons in households) with a given characteristic (e.g., the share of households with electricity), researchers should restrict the sample of household members to one representative per household. Such restriction can be done by selecting only persons with line number 01 in the household roster (using HHLINENO) or selecting only persons coded as head of household in HHRELATE). HHEADLINENO demonstrates that these two criteria usually but not always identify the same person as a representative of the household. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 99 NIU (not in universe) Weights and subsample selection Variables -- TOPICS Year of interview HHINTYR (HV007) reports the year the interview took place. The dates reported in HHINTYR are based on the Gregorian calendar. 2018 2018 2017 2017 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Month of interview HHINTMO (HV006) reports the month when the interview took place, according to the Gregorian calendar. 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Day of interview HHINTDAY (HV016) reports the day of the month on which the interview took place. HHINTDAY uses dates expressed in the Gregorian calendar. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Century month date of interview HHINTCMC (HV008) reports the century month code for the date on which the interview took place. Century month codes (CMC) are particularly useful for checking the consistency of dates, calculating intervals between events, and imputing dates when the information for an event is missing or partially complete. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC - 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006) [URL omitted from DDI.]. The century month codes reported in HHINTCMC are calculated using the Gregorian calculator. HHINTCMC (HV008) is a 4-digit variable. Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Century month code (CMC) for start of survey INTSTARTCMC reports the century month code (CMC) for the first month the survey was fielded, according to the DHS Program website. The contextual variables in IPUMS DHS use the month in INTSTARTCMC as the month of the survey start date. The related variable INTENDCMC reports the century month code for the last month the survey was fielded, according to the DHS Program website. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC minus 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006). [URL omitted from DDI.]. The century month codes reported in INTSTARTCMC are calculated using the Gregorian calculator. 1415 1415 1414 1414 1399 1399 1397 1397 1408 1408 1402 1402 1398 1398 1393 1393 1392 1392 1391 1391 1390 1390 1388 1388 1387 1387 1386 1386 1381 1381 1379 1379 1378 1378 1377 1377 1374 1374 1373 1373 1372 1372 1369 1369 1365 1365 1364 1364 1361 1361 1358 1358 1355 1355 1354 1354 1353 1353 1350 1350 1346 1346 1344 1344 1339 1339 1338 1338 1333 1333 1332 1332 1330 1330 1329 1329 1328 1328 1327 1327 1326 1326 1325 1325 1320 1320 1318 1318 1307 1307 1305 1305 1302 1302 1299 1299 1296 1296 1290 1290 1288 1288 1287 1287 1285 1285 1283 1283 1281 1281 1280 1280 1277 1277 1274 1274 1273 1273 1271 1271 1269 1269 1268 1268 1264 1264 1262 1262 1258 1258 1257 1257 1255 1255 1250 1250 1249 1249 1248 1248 1247 1247 1246 1246 1244 1244 1243 1243 1242 1242 1241 1241 1240 1240 1239 1239 1231 1231 1223 1223 1220 1220 1213 1213 1209 1209 1207 1207 1206 1206 1202 1202 1199 1199 1197 1197 1193 1193 1191 1191 1187 1187 1185 1185 1184 1184 1179 1179 1178 1178 1177 1177 1173 1173 1170 1170 1167 1167 1165 1165 1164 1164 1163 1163 1160 1160 1159 1159 1158 1158 1153 1153 1151 1151 1143 1143 1135 1135 1134 1134 1127 1127 1125 1125 1124 1124 1118 1118 1116 1116 1115 1115 1113 1113 1111 1111 1110 1110 1109 1109 1108 1108 1107 1107 1105 1105 1103 1103 1102 1102 1096 1096 1092 1092 1090 1090 1084 1084 1079 1079 1068 1068 1066 1066 1065 1065 1062 1062 1058 1058 1049 1049 1047 1047 1036 1036 Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Century month code (CMC) for end of survey INTENDCMC reports the century month code (CMC) for the last month the survey was fielded, according to the DHS Program website. The related variable INTSTARTCMC reports the century month code for the first month the survey was fielded, according to the DHS Program website. The contextual variables in IPUMS DHS use the month in INTSTARTCMC as the month of the survey start date. Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result. CMC = (Year - 1900) * 12 + Month For example, the CMC for June 2002 is: CMC = (2002 - 1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230 In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas: Year = int( ( CMC minus 1 )/12 ) + 1900 [int(x) is the integer part of x] Month = CMC - ( ( Year - 1900 ) * 12 ) The information above is based on "Online Guide to DHS Statistics" (Rutstein and Rojas, 2006). [URL omitted from DDI.]. The century month codes reported in INTENDCMC are calculated using the Gregorian calculator. 1418 1418 1417 1417 1403 1403 1420 1420 1039 1039 1051 1051 1052 1052 1062 1062 1066 1066 1069 1069 1070 1070 1073 1073 1085 1085 1090 1090 1092 1092 1097 1097 1101 1101 1105 1105 1107 1107 1108 1108 1109 1109 1110 1110 1114 1114 1115 1115 1118 1118 1119 1119 1124 1124 1125 1125 1126 1126 1130 1130 1131 1131 1139 1139 1148 1148 1153 1153 1157 1157 1158 1158 1160 1160 1163 1163 1165 1165 1167 1167 1168 1168 1171 1171 1174 1174 1176 1176 1182 1182 1183 1183 1185 1185 1187 1187 1190 1190 1191 1191 1193 1193 1195 1195 1199 1199 1200 1200 1203 1203 1204 1204 1205 1205 1207 1207 1208 1208 1211 1211 1212 1212 1215 1215 1217 1217 1218 1218 1223 1223 1229 1229 1233 1233 1242 1242 1244 1244 1245 1245 1246 1246 1247 1247 1249 1249 1250 1250 1251 1251 1253 1253 1256 1256 1261 1261 1262 1262 1265 1265 1266 1266 1267 1267 1268 1268 1272 1272 1274 1274 1275 1275 1276 1276 1277 1277 1280 1280 1282 1282 1283 1283 1284 1284 1286 1286 1287 1287 1292 1292 1294 1294 1295 1295 1300 1300 1302 1302 1306 1306 1307 1307 1310 1310 1316 1316 1320 1320 1321 1321 1325 1325 1331 1331 1333 1333 1335 1335 1336 1336 1337 1337 1338 1338 1340 1340 1343 1343 1344 1344 1347 1347 1349 1349 1350 1350 1354 1354 1356 1356 1358 1358 1360 1360 1362 1362 1365 1365 1367 1367 1370 1370 1372 1372 1374 1374 1378 1378 1379 1379 1380 1380 1384 1384 1390 1390 1392 1392 1394 1394 1398 1398 1399 1399 1402 1402 1404 1404 1405 1405 1406 1406 1416 1416 Survey dates Variables -- TOPICS Number of visits by interviewer VISITNO (HV017) reports the number of visits by an interviewer required to complete the interview. 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 9 9 General technical Variables -- TOPICS Ever-married sample EVMARHH (HV020) indicates whether the sample includes only ever-married women or includes all women of childbearing age. 0 All woman sample 1 Ever-married sample General technical Variables -- TOPICS Identification number of interviewer, household survey INTERVIEWER VISITS DATE ___ INTERVIEWER'S NAME ____ RESULT____ 1 COMPLETED 2 NO HOUSEHOLD MEMBER AT HOME OR NO COMPETENT PERSON AT HOME AT TIME OF VISIT 3 ENTIRE HOUSEHOLD ABSENT FOR AN EXTENDED PERIOD 4 POSTPONED 5 REFUSED 6 DWELLING VACANT OR ADDRESS NOT A DWELLING 7 DWELLING DESTROYED 8 DWELLING NOT FOUND 9 OTHER (SPECIFY) ____________________ INTERVIEWERIDHH (HV018) reports the interviewer identification code for the interviewer conducting the household survey. Codes are country- and sample-specific; a given numeric code in one survey refers to a different person than the same numeric code in another survey. Numbering of interviewer codes is not necessarily consecutive; some surveys use "0" as an identification code, for example, while others begin with a 3-digit number. Using the interviewer identification codes, researchers can evaluate whether the quality of responses (e.g., the number of "missing" cases) depended on the person conducting the interview. General technical Variables -- TOPICS Urban-rural status URBANHH (HV025) indicates whether the household member's de facto place of residence (i.e., where the person actually was at the time of the survey) was in an urban or rural location. 1 Urban 2 Rural Geography, general Variables -- TOPICS Madagascar regions, 1992-2008 [integrated; GIS] GEO_ MG1992_2008 indicates the region of Madagascar where the respondent was interviewed. The variable is integrated to yield units with consistent boundaries across samples. Labels identify the modern geographic units (autonomous provinces) contained in each integrated region. Each sample also has its own non-integrated geography variable. The 2008 Madagascar sample has greater geographic detail available in its sample-specific variable. An integrated GIS map (in shapefile format) for Madagascar can be downloaded here [URL omitted from DDI.]. 7 Diana, Sava (Antsiranana) 5 Atsimo Andrefana, Androy, Anosy, Menabe (Toliary) 4 Boeny, Sofia, Betsiboka, Melaky (Mahajanga) 3 Atsinanana, Analanjirofo, Alaotra Mangoro (Toamasina) 2 Haute Matsiatra, Anamoroni'i Mania, Vatovavy Fitovinany, Ihorombe, Atsimo Atsinanana (Fianarantsoa) 1 Analamanga, Vakinankaratra, Itasy, Bongolava (Antananarivo) Integrated geography Variables -- TOPICS Madagascar regions, 1997 [GIS] GEO_MG1997 (V101_MG1997) indicates the region of Madagascar where the respondent was interviewed. DHS units in the 1997 Madagascar survey are equivalent to autonomous provinces. Other sample years have their own sample-specific geography variables. There is also an integrated variable, GEO_MG1992_2008, that provides spatially consistent units over time. A GIS map for GEO_MG1997 (in shapefile format) can be downloaded from the DHS Program Spatial Data Repository [URL omitted from DDI.] Boundaries page. 6 Antsiranana 5 Toliary 4 Mahajanga 3 Toamasina 2 Fianarantsoa 1 Antananarivo Single sample geography Variables -- TOPICS Sex of household member 6. SEX: Is (NAME) male or female? MALE 1 FEMALE 2 SEX (HV104) reports the sex of the household member, as given by the respondent for the household questionnaire. 1 Male 2 Female 8 Missing Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Age of household member 7. AGE: How old is (NAME)? IN YEARS _______ HHAGE (HV105) reports the household member's age, as given by the respondent for the household questionnaire. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 83 84 84 85 85 86 86 87 87 88 88 89 89 90 90 91 91 92 92 93 93 94 94 95 95+ 97 Don't know 98 Missing Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Usual resident or visitor 4. RESIDENCE: Does (NAME) usually live here? YES 1 NO 2 HHRESIDENT (HV102) indicates whether the household member is a usual resident of the household or is just visiting. As defined by the HHRESIDENT variable, a visitor could potentially reside in the city, town, or village where the interview took place, but would have answered "No" to the question, "Does (NAME) usually live here [in this dwelling unit]?" on the household questionnaire. 1 Usual resident 2 Visitor 8 Missing Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Slept last night in HH 5. RESIDENCE: Did (NAME) stay here last night? YES 1 NO 2 HHSLEPT (HV103) indicates whether the household member is a de facto member of the household, in terms of whether the individual slept in the household the previous night. 0 No 1 Yes 8 Missing Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Relationship to household head 3. RELATIONSHIP TO HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD: What is the relationship of (NAME) to the head of the household? 01 HEAD 02 HUSBAND OR WIFE 03 SON OR DAUGHTER 04 SON-IN-LAW OR DAUGHTER-IN-LAW 05 GRANDCHILD 06 PARENT 07 PARENT-IN-LAW 08 BROTHER OR SISTER 09 NIECE/NEPHEW BY BLOOD 10 NIECE/NEPHEW BY MARRIAGE 11 OTHER RELATIVE 12 ADOPTED/FOSTER/STEPCHILD 13 NOT RELATED 14 DOESN'T KNOW HHRELATE (HV101) reports the household member's relationship to the head of the household/householder. 42 Herdboy 14 Stepson/daughter 41 Domestic servant 01 Head 02 Wife or husband 03 Son/daughter 04 Son/daughter-in-law 05 Grandchild 06 Parent 07 Parent-in-law 08 Brother/sister 09 Co-spouse 10 Adopted/foster child 11 Brother/sister-in-law 12 Grandparent 13 Aunt/uncle 20 Niece/nephew 21 Niece/nephew by blood 22 Niece/nephew by marriage 30 Other relative 40 Not related 97 Don't know 98 Missing Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Mother alive SURVIVORSHIP AND RESIDENCE OF PARENTS FOR PEOPLE UNDER 15 YEARS: 11. Is (NAME)'s natural mother alive? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 For household members under a cut-off age (varying across samples), MOTHERALIVE (HV111) indicates whether the person's mother is still alive. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Mother's line number 12. Does (NAME)'s natural mother live in this household? IF YES: What is her name? RECORD MOTHER'S LINE NUMBER. RECORD '00' IF THE MOTHER IS NOT A MEMBER OF THE HOUSEHOLD. ______ For household members under a cut-off age (varying across samples), MOTHERLINENO (HV112) reports the household line number of the person's (co-resident) mother. A code of zero indicates the mother does not live in the same household as the child. 00 Mother not in household 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Father alive 13. Is (NAME)'s natural father alive? YES 1 NO 2 DOESN'T KNOW 8 For household members under a cut-off age (varying across samples), FATHERALIVE (HV113) indicates whether the person's father is still alive. 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Father's line number 14. Does (NAME)'s natural father live in this household? IF YES: What is his name? RECORD FATHER'S LINE NUMBER. RECORD '00' IF THE MOTHER IS NOT A MEMBER OF THE HOUSEHOLD. ______ For household members under a specified age (varying across samples), FATHERLINENO (HV114) reports the household line number of the person's (co-resident) father. A code of zero indicates the father does not live in the same household as the child. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Core demographic Variables -- TOPICS Number of household members TOTAL PERSONS IN HOUSEHOLD _____ TOTAL ELIGIBLE WOMEN _____ LINE NO. OF RESPONDENT TO HOUSEHOLD QUESTIONNAIRE _____ HHMEMBERS (HV009) reports the number of household members in the household. 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Number of de jure members DEJURENO (HV012) reports the total number of de jure household members, or the number of household members who usually live in the household (i.e., excluding visitors). 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Number of de facto members DEFACTONO (HV013) reports the total number of de facto household members, or the number of household members who slept in the household the previous night, including visitors. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Number of children 5 and under (de jure) KIDLT5NO (HV014) reports the number of children under age 5 in the household (de jure). 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Age of household head (from HH record) 7. AGE: How old is (NAME)? IN YEARS _______ HHEADAGEHH (HV220) reports the age of the head of the household. The information in HHEADAGEHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 98 Missing 96 Non-resident 95 95+ 94 94 93 93 92 92 91 91 90 90 89 89 88 88 87 87 86 86 85 85 84 84 83 83 82 82 81 81 80 80 79 79 78 78 77 77 76 76 75 75 74 74 73 73 72 72 71 71 70 70 69 69 68 68 67 67 66 66 65 65 64 64 63 63 62 62 61 61 60 60 59 59 58 58 57 57 56 56 55 55 54 54 53 53 52 52 51 51 50 50 49 49 48 48 47 47 46 46 45 45 44 44 43 43 42 42 41 41 40 40 39 39 38 38 37 37 36 36 35 35 34 34 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 99 NIU (not in universe) 01 1 97 Don't know Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Sex of household head (from hh record) 6. SEX: Is (NAME) male or female? MALE 1 FEMALE 2 HHEADSEXHH (HV219) reports the sex of the head of the household. The information in HHEADSEXHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 1 Male 2 Female 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Relationship structure in HH HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULE: We would like some information about people who usually live in your household or are staying with you now. 1. LINE NUMBER ____ FAMSTRUCTR (HV217) indicates the relationship structure (no adults, one adult, two related adults of the opposite sex, two related adults of the same sex, three or more related adults, or unrelated adults) in the household. Only usual (de jure) household members aged 15 and over are considered in determining the household's relationship structure. FAMSTRUCTR is a constructed variable, based on information about each household member's age, sex, and relationship to the householder, which was collected when completing the listing of persons in the household at the time of the survey. The information in FAMSTRUCTR is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 8 Missing 6 Non-resident 5 Unrelated adults 4 Three plus related adults 3 Two adults, same sex 2 Two adults, opp sex 1 One adult 0 No adults 9 NIU (not in universe) Household demographic Variables -- TOPICS Number of rooms in HH used for sleeping 20. In your household, how many rooms do you use for sleeping? ROOMS ____ SLEEPROOMS (HV216) reports the number of rooms in the household used for sleeping. 98 Missing 97 Don't know 35 35+ 34 34 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 24 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 09 9 08 8 07 7 06 6 05 5 04 4 03 3 02 2 01 1 00 0 96 Non-resident 99 NIU (not in universe) Housing Variables -- TOPICS Main material of floor 21. MAIN MATERIAL OF THE FLOOR. RECORD OBSERVATION. NATURAL FLOOR EARTH/SAND 11 DUNG 12 RUDIMENTARY FLOOR WOOD PLANKS 21 PALM/BAMBOO 22 FINISHED FLOOR PARQUET OR POLISHED WOOD 31 VINYL OR ASPHALT STRIPS 32 CERAMIC TILES 33 CEMENT 34 CARPET 35 OTHER (SPECIFY) __________ 96 FLOOR (HV213) reports the main material of the floor of the dwelling. Response categories vary widely across surveys but fall into broad groups (i.e., natural materials, rudimentary processed materials, and finished materials). See Comparability. 116 Mud and hay 999 NIU (not in universe) 391 Plaster 996 Non-resident 100 NATURAL 110 Earth-based 111 Earth, sand 112 Earth, mud 113 Earth, mud, clay 114 Sand 115 Dirt/Earth 120 Dung-based 121 Dung 122 Earth and dung 123 Mud, dung, sand 200 RUDIMENTARY 210 Wood 211 Wood planks 212 Wood and tile 213 Wood/palm/bamboo 220 Palm/bamboo 221 Palm/bamboo/leaves 230 Other rudimentary 231 Broken bricks 232 Adobe 233 Unfinished stone 300 FINISHED 310 Parquet/polished wood 311 Polished wood/vinyl/tiles 320 Vinyl/asphalt strips/linoleum 321 Linoleum 330 Tiles/mosaic 331 Ceramic tiles 332 Cement tiles 333 Ceramic/terrazo tiles 334 Ceramic/marble tiles 335 Tiles/brick 340 Cement/concrete 350 Carpet 360 Terrazzo 370 Stone 380 Bricks 390 Other finished 400 OTHER 997 Don't know 998 Missing 322 Vinyl 351 Mat Housing Variables -- TOPICS Dwelling has electricity (from hh record) 19. Does your household have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 A radio? YES 1 NO 2 A television? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 A refrigerator? YES 1 NO 2 ELECTRCHH (HV206) indicates whether the household has electricity. Samples vary in how that information was collected. The information in ELECTRCHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Housing Variables -- TOPICS Type of toilet facility 18. What kind of toilet facility is in your household? FLUSH TOILET 11 VENTILATED PIT LATRINE 22 RUDIMENTARY PIT LATRINE 23 NO TOILET/OUTSIDE 31 (GO TO 19) OTHER (SPECIFY) ________ 96 (GO TO 19) TOILETTYPE (HV205) reports the household's type of toilet facility, with no facility coded "0." Responses vary widely across surveys; see Comparability. The information in TOILETTYPE is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 3431 Pit latrine with ventilation pipe, no mesh 9996 Non-resident 0000 NO FACILITY 1000 FLUSH TOILET 1100 Unspecified type of flush toilet 1110 Own flush toilet (unspecified type) 1120 Shared flush toilet (unspecified type) 1200 Modern flush toilet 1210 Flush to piped sewer system 1300 Traditional with tank flush 1400 Bucket flush toilet 1410 Flush to pit latrine 1420 Flush to somewhere else 1430 Flush, don't know where 2000 NON-FLUSHING TOILET 2100 Composting toilet 2200 Dry toilet 2300 Ecosan toilet 3000 PIT TOILET LATRINE 3100 Unspecified type of pit latrine 3110 Own pit toilet or latrine (unspecified type) 3120 Shared pit toiletor latrine (unspecified type) 3121 Public pit toilet or latrine (unspecified type) 3200 Traditional pit toilet or latrine 3210 Pit latrine without slab or open pit 3300 Pit latrine with slab 3400 Ventilated improved pit latrine 3410 Covered pit latrine, no slab 3420 Covered pit latrine with slab 3430 Covered latrine 3440 Septic pit 4000 UNIMPROVED TOILET 4100 Bucket toilet 4200 River 4300 Hanging latrine over water source 5000 OTHER 9998 Missing 1112 Private flush toilet, outside residence 1211 Flush to piped sewer system, indoors 1212 Flush to piped sewer system, inside yard 1213 Flush to piped sewer system, out of yard 3310 Pit latrine with washable slab 3320 Pit latrine with non-washable slab 3490 Other improved system 3463 Latrine to piped public system, out of yard 3462 Latrine to piped public system, inside yard 3461 Latrine to piped public system, indoors 3443 Latrine to septic tank, out of yard 3442 Latrine to septic tank, inside yard 3441 Latrine to septic tank, indoors 3212 Open pit latrine, out of yard 3211 Open pit latrine, inside yard 1253 Flush to septic tank, out of yard 1252 Flush to septic tank, inside yard 1251 Flush to septic tank, indoors 1250 Flush to septic tank 1240 Flush, not to sewer 1233 Flush to ground water, out of yard 1232 Flush to ground water, inside yard 1231 Flush to ground water, indoors 3450 Latrine with manual flush 3460 Latrine to piped public system 9999 NIU (not in universe) 1230 Flush to pipe connected to ground water 1220 Flush to pipe connected to canal 1132 Public flush toilet, outside residence 1131 Public flush toilet, inside residence 1130 Public flush toilet (unspecified type) 1111 Private flush toilet, inside residence Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Household shares toilet facility 18A. Is the toilet facility only used by your household or do you share it with other households? PRIVATE USE 1 SHARED USE 2 TOILETSHAREYN (HV225) indicates whether the household has a toilet facility that is shared with at least one other household. A "no" response (code "0") indicates the household has a toilet that is not shared; a "yes" response (code "1") indicates the household shares a toilet facility; "not in universe" (code "9") means the household has no toilet facility. The information in TOILETSHAREYN is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Major source of drinking water 16. What is the main source of drinking water for members of your household? PIPED WATER PIPED INTO DWELLING/YARD/PLOT 11 (GO TO 18) PIPED TO EXTERIOR 12 PUBLIC TAP/STANDPIPE 13 WELL IN THE YARD/PLOT EQUIPPED WITH PUMP 21 (GO TO 18) NOT EQUIPPED WITH PUMP 22 (GO TO 18) DRAIN WELL 23 (GO TO 18) WELL OUTSIDE THE YARD/PLOT EQUIPPED WITH PUMP 24 NOT EQUIPPED WITH PUMP 25 DRAIN WELL 26 SURFACE WATER SPRING 31 RIVER 32 POND/LAKE 33 DAM 34 RAINWATER 41 (GO TO 18) TANKER TRUCK 51 BOTTLED WATER 61 (GO TO 18) OTHER (SPECIFY) _____________ 96 DRINKWTR (HV201) reports the household's main source of drinking water. Responses vary widely across surveys; see Comparability. The information in DRINKWTR is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 2213 Protected well in neighbor's residence/plot 9996 Non-resident 1000 PIPED WATER 1100 Piped into own dwelling/yard/plot 1110 Piped into own dwelling 1120 Piped into own yard/plot 1200 Piped outside own residence/plot 1210 Public tap/standpipe 1220 Piped into neighbor's dwelling/yard 2000 WELL WATER 2100 Unprotected/open well 2110 Open well in own dwelling/yard/plot 2111 Open well in own dwelling 2112 Open well in own yard/plot 2120 Open public well 2130 Open well in neighbor's residence 2200 Protected well 2210 Protected well in own dwelling/yard/plot 2211 Protected well in own dwelling 2212 Protected well in own yard/plot 2220 Protected public well 2230 Tube well or borehole 2231 Borehole in yard/plot 2232 Public borehole 2300 Unspecified well 2310 Unspecified well in residence/yard/plot 2311 Unspecified well in own dwelling 2312 Unspecified well in own yard/plot 2313 Handpump in yard/plot 2320 Unspecified public well 2321 Public shallow well 2322 Public traditional well 2323 Public handpump 2330 Unspecified neighbor's well 2340 Unspecified well by type 2341 Well with pump 2342 Well without pump 3000 SURFACE WATER 3100 Spring 3110 Protected spring/surface water 3120 Unprotected spring/surface water 3200 River/dam/lake/ponds/streams/canal/irrigation channel 3210 River, stream 3220 Pond, lake 3230 Dam 3240 Canal or river/canal 3250 Irrigation ditch 3260 Dugout pond 3300 Channeled by gravity flow scheme 4000 RAINWATER 4100 Rainwater collected in tank 5000 PURCHASED FROM SUPPLIER 5100 Tanker truck 5200 Cart with small tank 5300 Water vendor 5400 Bottled water 5410 Sachet water (in a bag) 6000 OTHER SOURCE 9998 Missing 1211 Public tap from filtration plant 1212 Public tap from stone pipes 5310 Water vendor from unknown source 5320 Water vendor from protected well 5330 Water vendor from unprotected well 5340 Water vendor from pond/lake 9999 NIU (not in universe) 5500 Community reverse osmosis plant 5201 Motorcycle with 3 wheels Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS Time to reach water source and return, in minutes (from HH record) 17. How long does it take to go there, get water, and come back? MINUTES ______ ON SITE 996 TIMETOWTRHH (HV204) reports the time in minutes it takes members of the household to get to their main source of water and return to their dwelling. In IPUMS-DHS, this variable is top-coded at 360 minutes or more (6 hours or longer). The information in TIMETOWTRHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 000 0 001 1 002 2 003 3 004 4 005 5 006 6 007 7 008 8 009 9 010 10 011 11 012 12 013 13 014 14 015 15 016 16 017 17 018 18 019 19 020 20 021 21 022 22 023 23 024 24 025 25 026 26 027 27 028 28 029 29 030 30 031 31 032 32 033 33 034 34 035 35 036 36 037 37 038 38 039 39 040 40 041 41 042 42 043 43 044 44 045 45 046 46 047 47 048 48 049 49 050 50 051 51 052 52 053 53 054 54 055 55 056 56 057 57 058 58 059 59 060 60 061 61 062 62 063 63 064 64 065 65 066 66 067 67 068 68 069 69 070 70 071 71 072 72 073 73 074 74 075 75 076 76 077 77 078 78 079 79 080 80 081 81 082 82 083 83 084 84 085 85 086 86 087 87 088 88 089 89 090 90 091 91 092 92 093 93 094 94 095 95 096 96 097 97 098 98 099 99 100 100 101 101 102 102 103 103 104 104 105 105 106 106 107 107 108 108 109 109 110 110 111 111 112 112 113 113 114 114 115 115 116 116 117 117 118 118 119 119 120 120 121 121 122 122 123 123 124 124 125 125 126 126 127 127 128 128 129 129 130 130 131 131 132 132 133 133 134 134 135 135 136 136 137 137 138 138 139 139 140 140 141 141 142 142 143 143 144 144 145 145 146 146 147 147 148 148 149 149 150 150 151 151 152 152 153 153 154 154 155 155 156 156 157 157 158 158 159 159 160 160 161 161 162 162 163 163 164 164 165 165 166 166 167 167 168 168 169 169 170 170 171 171 172 172 173 173 174 174 175 175 176 176 177 177 178 178 179 179 180 180 181 181 182 182 183 183 184 184 185 185 186 186 187 187 188 188 189 189 190 190 191 191 192 192 193 193 194 194 195 195 196 196 197 197 198 198 199 199 200 200 201 201 202 202 203 203 204 204 205 205 206 206 207 207 208 208 209 209 210 210 211 211 212 212 213 213 214 214 215 215 216 216 217 217 218 218 219 219 220 220 221 221 222 222 223 223 224 224 225 225 226 226 227 227 228 228 229 229 230 230 231 231 232 232 233 233 234 234 235 235 236 236 237 237 238 238 239 239 240 240 241 241 242 242 243 243 244 244 245 245 246 246 247 247 248 248 249 249 250 250 251 251 252 252 253 253 254 254 255 255 256 256 257 257 258 258 259 259 260 260 261 261 262 262 263 263 264 264 265 265 266 266 267 267 268 268 269 269 270 270 271 271 272 272 273 273 274 274 275 275 276 276 277 277 278 278 279 279 280 280 281 281 282 282 283 283 284 284 285 285 286 286 287 287 288 288 289 289 290 290 291 291 292 292 293 293 294 294 295 295 296 296 297 297 298 298 299 299 300 300 301 301 302 302 303 303 304 304 305 305 306 306 307 307 308 308 309 309 310 310 311 311 312 312 313 313 314 314 315 315 316 316 317 317 318 318 319 319 320 320 321 321 322 322 323 323 324 324 325 325 326 326 327 327 328 328 329 329 330 330 331 331 332 332 333 333 334 334 335 335 336 336 337 337 338 338 339 339 340 340 341 341 342 342 343 343 344 344 345 345 346 346 347 347 348 348 349 349 350 350 351 351 352 352 353 353 354 354 355 355 356 356 357 357 358 358 359 359 360 360+ 995 On premises 996 Non-resident 997 Don't know 998 Missing 999 NIU (not in universe) Toilet and water Variables -- TOPICS House has telephone (household record) 19. Does your household have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 A radio? YES 1 NO 2 A television? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 A refrigerator? YES 1 NO 2 HHPHONEHH (HV221) indicates whether any member of the household has a telephone (based on information from the household record). The information in HHPHONEHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has bicycle (from HH record) 22. Does any member of this household own: A cart? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle or motor scooter? YES 1 NO 2 A car or truck? YES 1 NO 2 BIKEHH (HV210) indicates whether any member of the household has a bicycle. The information in BIKEHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has car/truck (from HH record) 22. Does any member of this household own: A cart? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle or motor scooter? YES 1 NO 2 A car or truck? YES 1 NO 2 CARHH (HV212) indicates whether any member of the household owns a car or truck (or other motor vehicle). The specific type of motor vehicle mentioned varies across samples. See Comparability. The information in CARHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has motorcycle/scooter (from HH record) 22. Does any member of this household own: A cart? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle or motor scooter? YES 1 NO 2 A car or truck? YES 1 NO 2 MOTORCYCLHH (HV211) indicates whether any member of the household owns a motorcycle or scooter. The information in MOTORCYCLHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has refrigerator (from HH record) 19. Does your household have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 A radio? YES 1 NO 2 A television? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 A refrigerator? YES 1 NO 2 FRIDGEHH (HV209) indicates whether the household has a refrigerator. Some samples specified that the refrigerator must be working or owned by the household. See Comparability. The information in FRIDGEHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has radio (from HH record) 19. Does your household have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 A radio? YES 1 NO 2 A television? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 A refrigerator? YES 1 NO 2 RADIOHH (HV207) indicates whether any member of the household owns a radio. Some samples specified that the radio must be working or fit other specifications. See Comparability. The information in RADIOHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has television (from HH record) 19. Does your household have: Electricity? YES 1 NO 2 A radio? YES 1 NO 2 A television? YES 1 NO 2 A telephone? YES 1 NO 2 A refrigerator? YES 1 NO 2 TVHH (HV208) indicates whether any member of the household has a television. Some samples specified that the TV must be in working order. See Comparability. The information in TVHH is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) Possessions Variables -- TOPICS HH has animal-drawn cart 22. Does any member of this household own: A cart? YES 1 NO 2 A bicycle? YES 1 NO 2 A motorcycle or motor scooter? YES 1 NO 2 A car or truck? YES 1 NO 2 DRAWNCART indicates whether a household member owned an animal-drawn cart. Question wording varied across samples; see Comparability. The information in DRAWNCART is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 0 No 1 Yes 6 Non-resident 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Agricultural possessions Variables -- TOPICS Type of salt used by household 24. Can you show me the salt that you used to cook the main meal yesterday or last night? DIDN'T USE ANY 00 FINE SALT IN PACKET 01 LOOSE FINE SALT 02 COARSE SALT IN PACKET 03 LOOSE COARSE SALT 04 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ 96 REFUSES TO SHOW 05 SALTIODIZE (HV222) reports the type of salt the household uses for cooking, with an emphasis on whether the salt is known to be iodized. Iodized salt may prevent iodine deficiency, and thus protect against brain damage during child development and pregnancy. The information in SALTIODIZE is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis. 96 Non-resident 10 Packaged salt 11 Packaged salt - iodized 12 Packaged salt - noniodized 20 Other salt 21 Local salt 22 Loose salt 23 Salt for animals 24 Natron in block 98 Missing 13 Packaged salt - other 97 Don't know 99 NIU (not in universe) 25 Other, n.e.c. 00 No salt available 95 Doesn't cook Nutrition Variables -- TOPICS Iodized salt in household (bridging variable) 24. Can you show me the salt that you used to cook the main meal yesterday or last night? DIDN'T USE ANY 00 FINE SALT IN PACKET 01 LOOSE FINE SALT 02 COARSE SALT IN PACKET 03 LOOSE COARSE SALT 04 OTHER (SPECIFY) _____ 96 REFUSES TO SHOW 05 SALTBRIDGE serves as a bridging variable between two approaches to collecting information on the presence of iodized salt in the household. Initially, respondents were asked, "What type of salt is usually used for cooking in your household?" Respondents were also asked to show their salt package to the interviewer. Beginning with Phase 4 of the standard DHS questionnaire, respondents were asked to provide the interviewer with a teaspoon of cooking salt, which the interviewer then tested. Iodine testing methods varied across phases and countries. SALTBRIDGE combines information from the first approach of asking about cooking salt (in SALTIODIZE (HV222)) and the second approach of testing the cooking salt for iodine (in SALTEST3 (HV234)). The information in SALTBRIDGE is taken from the household record, linked to the record of the woman respondent. This information applies to household residents, not temporary visitors, so researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT (V135) variable (with visitors coded "2"). See Comparability for more information. 96 Non-resident 10 Iodized salt in household 11 Packaged salt - iodized 20 Non-iodized salt in household 21 Packaged salt - noniodized 30 Salt not tested 31 Local salt 32 Loose salt 33 Salt for animals 34 Natron in block 35 Packaged salt - other 36 Other, n.e.c. 97 Doesn't cook 98 Missing/no salt available 99 NIU (not in universe) Nutrition Variables -- TOPICS Household wealth index in quintiles, from HH form WEALTHQHH (HV270) refers to the relative wealth of the household, divided into quintiles from the poorest (code 1) to the richest (code 5). The wealth index is defined in the DHS Recode Manuals as follows: The wealth index is a composite measure of a household's cumulative living standard. The wealth index is calculated using easy-to-use data on a household's ownership of selected assets, such as televisions and bicycles; materials used for housing construction; and types of water access and sanitation facilities. Generated with a statistical procedure known as principal components analysis, the wealth index places individual households on a continuous scale of relative wealth. DHS separates all interviewed households into five quintiles of wealth. For additional information about the calculation and meaning of the wealth index, users should consult the summary information about the wealth index on The DHS Program website here [URL omitted from DDI.] and/or the DHS Comparative Report on "The DHS Wealth Index" here [URL omitted from DDI.]. The variables used to calculate wealth index quintiles and the level of wealth implied by a specific ranking are sample-specific. See Comparability. 1 Poorest 2 Poorer 3 Middle 4 Richer 5 Richest 9 NIU (not in universe) 8 Missing Wealth index Variables -- TOPICS Wealth index factor score (5 decimals) WEALTHSHH (HV271) refers to the household's wealth index value generated by the product of standardized scores (z-scores) and factor coefficient scores (factor loadings) of wealth indicators. Most researchers will want to use instead the complementary variable WEALTHQHH (HV270), which reports quintile ranking (from poorest to richest) of the household, in terms of wealth score, for a given sample. For additional information about the calculation and meaning of the wealth index, users should consult the summary information available on the DHS Program website, including The DHS Program - Research Topics - Wealth Index [URL omitted from DDI.] and The DHS Wealth Index [URL omitted from DDI.], a DHS Comparative Report. The variables used to calculate wealth index scores are sample-specific. See Comparability. WEALTHSHH (HV271) is an 8-digit numeric variable with 5 implied decimal places. 99999998 = Missing 99999999 = NIU (not in universe) Wealth index Variables -- TOPICS Highest education level attained 9. IF ATTENDED SCHOOL: What is the highest level of school (NAME) has attended? What is the highest grade (NAME) completed at that level? LEVEL ____ PRIMARY 1 SECONDARY 2 POST-SECONDARY 3 DOESN'T KNOW 8 GRADE ____ 0 LESS THAN ONE YEAR 98 DOESN'T KNOW EDLEVEL (HV106) reports the highest level of school the household member attended. Countries vary in the gradations of their school systems, but EDUCLVL is a standardized variable reporting level of education in four broad categories: No education, Primary, Secondary, and Higher. Any household member below the lower age limit (usually 6 years) for the education questions is classified in the "No education" category. 0 No education/primary 1 Primary 2 Secondary 3 Higher 4 Other 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Highest year of education completed in level 9. IF ATTENDED SCHOOL: What is the highest level of school (NAME) has attended? What is the highest grade (NAME) completed at that level? LEVEL ____ PRIMARY 1 SECONDARY 2 POST-SECONDARY 3 DOESN'T KNOW 8 GRADE ____ 0 LESS THAN ONE YEAR 98 DOESN'T KNOW EDLEVYR (HV107) reports the number of years of schooling completed by the household member at the educational level (primary, secondary, or higher) reported in EDLEVEL (HV106). See Comparability for more information on how to correctly interpret values in EDLEVYR. For the household member's total years of education, see EDYEARS (HV108). 00 Less than 1 year 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 90 Other 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Education in completed years 9. IF ATTENDED SCHOOL: What is the highest level of school (NAME) has attended? What is the highest grade (NAME) completed at that level? LEVEL ____ PRIMARY 1 SECONDARY 2 POST-SECONDARY 3 DOESN'T KNOW 8 GRADE ____ 0 LESS THAN ONE YEAR 98 DOESN'T KNOW EDYEARS (HV108) reports the household member's education in single completed years. This variable is constructed from responses to EDLEVEL (HV106) and EDLEVYR (HV107), as follows: If EDLEVEL = "No education," EDYEARS = "0" If EDLEVEL = "Primary," EDYEARS = EDLEVYR If EDLEVEL = "Secondary," EDYEARS = EDLEVYR + x If EDLEVEL = "Higher," EDYEARS = EDLEVYR + y If EDLEVEL = "Missing," EDYEARS = "Missing" In the above equations, "x" equals the number of years needed to complete primary education, and "y" equals the number of years needed to complete primary and secondary education. The values of "x" and "y" are country-specific. 00 0 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 90 Other 96 Inconsistent 97 Don't know 98 Missing 99 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Educational attainment 9. IF ATTENDED SCHOOL: What is the highest level of school (NAME) has attended? What is the highest grade (NAME) completed at that level? LEVEL ____ PRIMARY 1 SECONDARY 2 POST-SECONDARY 3 DOESN'T KNOW 8 GRADE ____ 0 LESS THAN ONE YEAR 98 DOESN'T KNOW EDSUMM (HV109) is a summary variable that reports the household member's highest level of education in broad categories. Countries vary in the gradations of their school systems, but EDSUMM is a standardized variable providing the level of education in six categories: No education, Incomplete primary, Complete primary, Incomplete secondary, Complete secondary, and Higher. EDSUMM is constructed from information contained in EDLEVEL (HV106) and EDLEVYR (HV107). 0 No education 1 Incomplete primary 2 Complete primary 3 Incomplete secondary 4 Complete secondary 5 Higher 6 Other 7 Don't know 8 Missing Education Variables -- TOPICS Member still in school EDUCATION. IF LESS THAN 25 YEARS: 10. IF ATTENDED SCHOOL: Is (NAME) still attending school? YES 1 NO 2 EDINSCHOOL (HV110) indicates whether the household member is still in school. All members whose age is equal to or greater than the upper limit (usually age 25) for this question or who have never attended school are coded "0" for ("No," or not in school). 0 No 1 Yes 7 Don't know 8 Missing 9 NIU (not in universe) Education Variables -- TOPICS Soil type SOIL reports the predominant soil type within a 5-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The soil attributes reported in SOIL are: soil class (e.g., Leptosols), with 30 class categories, and soil type within that class (e.g., Lithic Leptosols). SOIL is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. SOIL is based on data from SoilGrids [URL omitted from DDI.]. SoilGrids is a system for automated soil mapping based on global soil profile and covariate data. There are 118 different soil types in the world according to SoilGrids [URL omitted from DDI.]. For the full list of codes and their meaning, see the soil legend [URL omitted from DDI.]. SOIL, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -998 Missing 0001 Haplic Acrisols 0002 Haplic Acrisols (Alumic) 0003 Haplic Acrisols (Ferric) 0004 Haplic Acrisols (Humic) 0005 Plinthic Acrisols 0006 Vetic Acrisols 0007 Haplic Albeluvisols 0008 Histic Albeluvisols 0009 Umbric Albeluvisols 0010 Cutanic Alisols 0011 Haplic Alisols 0012 Aluandic Andosols 0013 Haplic Andosols 0014 Vitric Andosols 0015 Albic Arenosols 0016 Ferralic Arenosols 0017 Haplic Arenosols 0018 Haplic Arenosols (Calcaric) 0019 Hypoluvic Arenosols 0020 Protic Arenosols 0021 Haplic Calcisols 0022 Haplic Calcisols (Sodic) 0023 Luvic Calcisols 0024 Petric Calcisols 0025 Endogleyic Cambisols 0026 Ferralic Cambisols 0027 Haplic Cambisols 0028 Haplic Cambisols (Calcaric) 0029 Haplic Cambisols (Chromic) 0030 Haplic Cambisols (Dystric) 0031 Haplic Cambisols (Eutric) 0032 Haplic Cambisols (Humic) 0033 Haplic Cambisols (Sodic) 0034 Leptic Cambisols 0035 Vertic Cambisols 0036 Calcic Chernozems 0037 Haplic Chernozems 0038 Luvic Chernozems 0039 Haplic Cryosols 0040 Turbic Cryosols 0041 Vitric Cryosols 0042 Petric Durisols 0043 Acric Ferralsols 0044 Haplic Ferralsols 0045 Haplic Ferralsols (Rhodic) 0046 Haplic Ferralsols (Xanthic) 0047 Umbric Ferralsols 0048 Haplic Fluvisols 0049 Haplic Fluvisols (Arenic) 0050 Haplic Fluvisols (Calcaric) 0051 Haplic Fluvisols (Dystric) 0052 Haplic Fluvisols (Eutric) 0053 Calcic Gleysols 0054 Haplic Gleysols 0055 Haplic Gleysols (Dystric) 0056 Haplic Gleysols (Eutric) 0057 Mollic Gleysols 0058 Umbric Gleysols 0059 Calcic Gypsisols 0060 Haplic Gypsisols 0061 Calcic Histosols 0062 Cryic Histosols 0063 Fibric Histosols 0064 Hemic Histosols 0065 Sapric Histosols 0066 Calcic Kastanozems 0067 Haplic Kastanozems 0068 Haplic Leptosols 0069 Haplic Leptosols (Eutric) 0070 Lithic Leptosols 0071 Mollic Leptosols 0072 Rendzic Leptosols 0073 Haplic Lixisols 0074 Haplic Lixisols (Chromic) 0075 Haplic Lixisols (Ferric) 0076 Albic Luvisols 0077 Calcic Luvisols 0078 Gleyic Luvisols 0079 Haplic Luvisols 0080 Haplic Luvisols (Chromic) 0081 Haplic Luvisols (Ferric) 0082 Leptic Luvisols 0083 Stagnic Luvisols 0084 Vertic Luvisols 0085 Alic Nitisols 0086 Haplic Nitisols (Rhodic) 0087 Haplic Phaeozems 0088 Leptic Phaeozems 0089 Luvic Phaeozems 0090 Endogleyic Planosols 0091 Haplic Planosols (Dystric) 0092 Haplic Planosols (Eutric) 0093 Luvic Planosols 0094 Solodic Planosols 0095 Acric Plinthosols 0096 Lixic Plinthosols 0097 Gleyic Podzols 0098 Haplic Podzols 0099 Aric Regosols 0100 Calcaric Regosols 0101 Haplic Regosols (Dystric) 0102 Haplic Regosols (Eutric) 0103 Haplic Regosols (Sodic) 0104 Leptic Regosols 0105 Gypsic Solonchaks 0106 Haplic Solonchaks 0107 Haplic Solonchaks (Sodic) 0108 Calcic Solonetz 0109 Gleyic Solonetz 0110 Haplic Solonetz 0111 Mollic Solonetz 0112 Luvic Stagnosols 0113 Haplic Umbrisols 0114 Leptic Umbrisols 0115 Calcic Vertisols 0116 Haplic Vertisols 0117 Haplic Vertisols (Eutric) 0118 Mollic Vertisols Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Ecoregion of household ECOREGION reports the predominant terrestrial ecoregion within a 5-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. ECOREGION reports the biogeographic region (e.g., Afrotropic), the habitat type (e.g., tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands), and the ecoregion (e.g., East Sudanian savanna) that are associated with each cluster location. ECOREGION is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. There are 825 terrestrial ecoregions in the world. Ecoregions are relatively large units of land containing distinct assemblages of natural communities and species, with boundaries that approximate the original extent of natural communities prior to major land-use change. The 5-digit codes in ECOREGION (e.g., 30129) include a 1-digit realm code (with 8 possible values), followed by a 2-digit biome code (with 14 possible values), and then a 2-digit ecoregion number. For the full list of codes and their meaning, see the ecoregion legend [URL omitted from DDI.]. ECOREGION, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -0998 Missing 10101 Admiralty Islands lowland rain forests 10102 Banda Sea Islands moist deciduous forests 10103 Biak-Numfoor rain forests 10104 Buru rain forests 10105 Central Range montane rain forests 10106 Halmahera rain forests 10107 Huon Peninsula montane rain forests 10108 Yapen rain forests 10109 Lord Howe Island subtropical forests 10110 Louisiade Archipelago rain forests 10111 New Britain-New Ireland lowland rain forests 10112 New Britain-New Ireland montane rain forests 10113 New Caledonia rain forests 10114 Norfolk Island subtropical forests 10115 Northern New Guinea lowland rain and freshwater swamp forests 10116 Northern New Guinea montane rain forests 10117 Queensland tropical rain forests 10118 Seram rain forests 10119 Solomon Islands rain forests 10120 Southeastern Papuan rain forests 10121 Southern New Guinea freshwater swamp forests 10122 Southern New Guinea lowland rain forests 10123 Sulawesi lowland rain forests 10124 Sulawesi montane rain forests 10125 Trobriand Islands rain forests 10126 Vanuatu rain forests 10127 Vogelkop montane rain forests 10128 Vogelkop-Aru lowland rain forests 10201 Lesser Sundas deciduous forests 10202 New Caledonia dry forests 10203 Sumba deciduous forests 10204 Timor and Wetar deciduous forests 10401 Chatham Island temperate forests 10402 Eastern Australian temperate forests 10403 Fiordland temperate forests 10404 Nelson Coast temperate forests 10405 North Island temperate forests 10406 Northland temperate kauri forests 10407 Rakiura Island temperate forests 10408 Richmond temperate forests 10409 Southeast Australia temperate forests 10410 South Island temperate forests 10411 Tasmanian Central Highland forests 10412 Tasmanian temperate forests 10413 Tasmanian temperate rain forests 10414 Westland temperate forests 10701 Arnhem Land tropical savanna 10702 Brigalow tropical savanna 10703 Cape York Peninsula tropical savanna 10704 Carpentaria tropical savanna 10705 Einasleigh upland savanna 10706 Kimberly tropical savanna 10707 Mitchell grass downs 10708 Trans Fly savanna and grasslands 10709 Victoria Plains tropical savanna 10801 Cantebury-Otago tussock grasslands 10802 Eastern Australia mulga shrublands 10803 Southeast Australia temperate savanna 11001 Australian Alps montane grasslands 11002 Central Range sub-alpine grasslands 11003 South Island montane grasslands 11101 Antipodes Subantarctic Islands tundra 11201 Coolgardie woodlands 11202 Esperance mallee 11203 Eyre and York mallee 11204 Jarrah-Karri forest and shrublands 11205 Swan Coastal Plain Scrub and Woodlands 11206 Mount Lofty woodlands 11207 Murray-Darling woodlands and mallee 11208 Naracoorte woodlands 11209 Southwest Australia savanna 11210 Southwest Australia woodlands 11301 Carnarvon xeric shrublands 11302 Central Ranges xeric scrub 11303 Gibson desert 11304 Great Sandy-Tanami desert 11305 Great Victoria desert 11306 Nullarbor Plains xeric shrublands 11307 Pilbara shrublands 11308 Simpson desert 11309 Tirari-Sturt stony desert 11310 Western Australian Mulga shrublands 11401 New Guinea mangroves 21101 Marielandia Antarctic tundra 21102 Maudlandia Antarctic desert 21103 Scotia Sea Islands tundra 21104 Southern Indian Ocean Islands tundra 30101 Albertine Rift montane forests 30102 Atlantic Equatorial coastal forests 30103 Cameroonian Highlands forests 30104 Central Congolian lowland forests 30105 Comoros forests 30106 Cross-Niger transition forests 30107 Cross-Sanaga-Bioko coastal forests 30108 East African montane forests 30109 Eastern Arc forests 30110 Eastern Congolian swamp forests 30111 Eastern Guinean forests 30112 Ethiopian montane forests 30113 Granitic Seychelles forests 30114 Guinean montane forests 30115 Knysna-Amatole montane forests 30116 KwaZulu-Cape coastal forest mosaic 30117 Madagascar lowland forests 30118 Madagascar subhumid forests 30119 Maputaland coastal forest mosaic 30120 Mascarene forests 30121 Mount Cameroon and Bioko montane forests 30122 Niger Delta swamp forests 30123 Nigerian lowland forests 30124 Northeastern Congolian lowland forests 30125 Northern Zanzibar-Inhambane coastal forest mosaic 30126 Northwestern Congolian lowland forests 30127 Sao Tome, Principe and Annobon moist lowland forests 30128 Southern Zanzibar-Inhambane coastal forest mosaic 30129 Western Congolian swamp forests 30130 Western Guinean lowland forests 30201 Cape Verde Islands dry forests 30202 Madagascar dry deciduous forests 30203 Zambezian Cryptosepalum dry forests 30701 Angolan Miombo woodlands 30702 Angolan Mopane woodlands 30703 Ascension scrub and grasslands 30704 Central Zambezian Miombo woodlands 30705 East Sudanian savanna 30706 Eastern Miombo woodlands 30707 Guinean forest-savanna mosaic 30708 Itigi-Sumbu thicket 30709 Kalahari Acacia-Baikiaea woodlands 30710 Mandara Plateau mosaic 30711 Northern Acacia-Commiphora bushlands and thickets 30712 Northern Congolian forest-savanna mosaic 30713 Sahelian Acacia savanna 30714 Serengeti volcanic grasslands 30715 Somali Acacia-Commiphora bushlands and thickets 30716 Southern Acacia-Commiphora bushlands and thickets 30717 Southern Africa bushveld 30718 Southern Congolian forest-savanna mosaic 30719 Southern Miombo woodlands 30720 St. Helena scrub and woodlands 30721 Victoria Basin forest-savanna mosaic 30722 West Sudanian savanna 30723 Western Congolian forest-savanna mosaic 30724 Western Zambezian grasslands 30725 Zambezian and Mopane woodlands 30726 Zambezian Baikiaea woodlands 30801 Al Hajar montane woodlands 30802 Amsterdam and Saint-Paul Islands temperate grasslands 30803 Tristan Da Cunha-Gough Islands shrub and grasslands 30901 East African halophytics 30902 Etosha Pan halophytics 30903 Inner Niger Delta flooded savanna 30904 Lake Chad flooded savanna 30905 Saharan flooded grasslands 30906 Zambezian coastal flooded savanna 30907 Zambezian flooded grasslands 30908 Zambezian halophytics 31001 Angolan montane forest-grassland mosaic 31002 Angolan scarp savanna and woodlands 31003 Drakensberg alti-montane grasslands and woodlands 31004 Drakensberg montane grasslands, woodlands and forests 31005 East African montane moorlands 31006 Eastern Zimbabwe montane forest-grassland mosaic 31007 Ethiopian montane grasslands and woodlands 31008 Ethiopian montane moorlands 31009 Highveld grasslands 31010 Jos Plateau forest-grassland mosaic 31011 Madagascar ericoid thickets 31012 Maputaland-Pondoland bushland and thickets 31013 Rwenzori-Virunga montane moorlands 31014 South Malawi montane forest-grassland mosaic 31015 Southern Rift montane forest-grassland mosaic 31201 Albany thickets 31202 Lowland fynbos and renosterveld 31203 Montane fynbos and renosterveld 31301 Aldabra Island xeric scrub 31302 Arabian Peninsula coastal fog desert 31303 East Saharan montane xeric woodlands 31304 Eritrean coastal desert 31305 Ethiopian xeric grasslands and shrublands 31306 Gulf of Oman desert and semi-desert 31307 Hobyo grasslands and shrublands 31308 Ile Europa and Bassas da India xeric scrub 31309 Kalahari xeric savanna 31310 Kaokoveld desert 31311 Madagascar spiny thickets 31312 Madagascar succulent woodlands 31313 Masai xeric grasslands and shrublands 31314 Nama Karoo 31315 Namib desert 31316 Namibian savanna woodlands 31318 Socotra Island xeric shrublands 31319 Somali montane xeric woodlands 31320 Southwestern Arabian foothills savanna 31321 Southwestern Arabian montane woodlands 31322 Succulent Karoo 31401 Central African mangroves 31402 East African mangroves 31403 Guinean mangroves 31404 Madagascar mangroves 31405 Southern Africa mangroves 40101 Andaman Islands rain forests 40102 Borneo lowland rain forests 40103 Borneo montane rain forests 40104 Borneo peat swamp forests 40105 Brahmaputra Valley semi-evergreen forests 40106 Cardamom Mountains rain forests 40107 Chao Phraya freshwater swamp forests 40108 Chao Phraya lowland moist deciduous forests 40109 Chin Hills-Arakan Yoma montane forests 40110 Christmas and Cocos Islands tropical forests 40111 Eastern highlands moist deciduous forests 40112 Eastern Java-Bali montane rain forests 40113 Eastern Java-Bali rain forests 40114 Greater Negros-Panay rain forests 40115 Himalayan subtropical broadleaf forests 40116 Irrawaddy freshwater swamp forests 40117 Irrawaddy moist deciduous forests 40118 Jian Nan subtropical evergreen forests 40119 Kayah-Karen montane rain forests 40120 Lower Gangetic Plains moist deciduous forests 40121 Luang Prabang montane rain forests 40122 Luzon montane rain forests 40123 Luzon rain forests 40124 Malabar Coast moist forests 40125 Maldives-Lakshadweep-Chagos Archipelago tropical moist forests 40126 Meghalaya subtropical forests 40127 Mentawai Islands rain forests 40128 Mindanao montane rain forests 40129 Mindanao-Eastern Visayas rain forests 40130 Mindoro rain forests 40131 Mizoram-Manipur-Kachin rain forests 40132 Myanmar coastal rain forests 40133 Nicobar Islands rain forests 40134 North Western Ghats moist deciduous forests 40135 North Western Ghats montane rain forests 40136 Northern Annamites rain forests 40137 Northern Indochina subtropical forests 40138 Northern Khorat Plateau moist deciduous forests 40139 Northern Thailand-Laos moist deciduous forests 40140 Northern Triangle subtropical forests 40141 Northern Vietnam lowland rain forests 40142 Orissa semi-evergreen forests 40143 Palawan rain forests 40144 Peninsular Malaysian montane rain forests 40145 Peninsular Malaysian peat swamp forests 40146 Peninsular Malaysian rain forests 40147 Red River freshwater swamp forests 40148 South China Sea Islands 40149 South China-Vietnam subtropical evergreen forests 40150 South Western Ghats moist deciduous forests 40151 South Western Ghats montane rain forests 40152 Southern Annamites montane rain forests 40153 Southwest Borneo freshwater swamp forests 40154 Sri Lanka lowland rain forests 40155 Sri Lanka montane rain forests 40156 Sulu Archipelago rain forests 40157 Sumatran freshwater swamp forests 40158 Sumatran lowland rain forests 40159 Sumatran montane rain forests 40160 Sumatran peat swamp forests 40161 Sundaland heath forests 40162 Sundarbans freshwater swamp forests 40163 Tenasserim-South Thailand semi-evergreen rain forests 40164 Tonle Sap freshwater swamp forests 40165 Tonle Sap-Mekong peat swamp forests 40166 Upper Gangetic Plains moist deciduous forests 40167 Western Java montane rain forests 40168 Western Java rain forests 40169 Hainan Island monsoon rain forests 40170 Nansei Islands subtropical evergreen forests 40171 South Taiwan monsoon rain forests 40172 Taiwan subtropical evergreen forests 40201 Central Deccan Plateau dry deciduous forests 40202 Central Indochina dry forests 40203 Chhota-Nagpur dry deciduous forests 40204 East Deccan dry-evergreen forests 40205 Irrawaddy dry forests 40206 Khathiar-Gir dry deciduous forests 40207 Narmada Valley dry deciduous forests 40208 Northern dry deciduous forests 40209 South Deccan Plateau dry deciduous forests 40210 Southeastern Indochina dry evergreen forests 40211 Southern Vietnam lowland dry forests 40212 Sri Lanka dry-zone dry evergreen forests 40301 Himalayan subtropical pine forests 40302 Luzon tropical pine forests 40303 Northeast India-Myanmar pine forests 40304 Sumatran tropical pine forests 40401 Eastern Himalayan broadleaf forests 40402 Northern Triangle temperate forests 40403 Western Himalayan broadleaf forests 40501 Eastern Himalayan subalpine conifer forests 40502 Western Himalayan subalpine conifer forests 40701 Terai-Duar savanna and grasslands 40901 Rann of Kutch seasonal salt marsh 41001 Kinabalu montane alpine meadows 41301 Deccan thorn scrub forests 41302 Indus Valley desert 41303 Northwestern thorn scrub forests 41304 Thar desert 41401 Goadavari-Krishna mangroves 41402 Indochina mangroves 41403 Indus River Delta-Arabian Sea mangroves 41404 Myanmar Coast mangroves 41405 Sunda Shelf mangroves 41406 Sundarbans mangroves 50201 Sonoran-Sinaloan transition subtropical dry forest 50301 Bermuda subtropical conifer forests 50302 Sierra Madre Occidental pine-oak forests 50303 Sierra Madre Oriental pine-oak forests 50401 Allegheny Highlands forests 50402 Appalachian mixed mesophytic forests 50403 Appalachian-Blue Ridge forests 50404 Central U.S. hardwood forests 50405 East Central Texas forests 50406 Eastern forest-boreal transition 50407 Eastern Great Lakes lowland forests 50408 Gulf of St. Lawrence lowland forests 50409 Mississippi lowland forests 50410 New England-Acadian forests 50411 Northeastern coastal forests 50412 Ozark Mountain forests 50413 Southeastern mixed forests 50414 Southern Great Lakes forests 50415 Upper Midwest forest-savanna transition 50416 Western Great Lakes forests 50417 Willamette Valley forests 50501 Alberta Mountain forests 50502 Alberta-British Columbia foothills forests 50503 Arizona Mountains forests 50504 Atlantic coastal pine barrens 50505 Blue Mountains forests 50506 British Columbia mainland coastal forests 50507 Cascade Mountains leeward forests 50508 Central and Southern Cascades forests 50509 Central British Columbia Mountain forests 50510 Central Pacific coastal forests 50511 Colorado Rockies forests 50512 Eastern Cascades forests 50513 Florida sand pine scrub 50514 Fraser Plateau and Basin complex 50515 Great Basin montane forests 50516 Klamath-Siskiyou forests 50517 Middle Atlantic coastal forests 50518 North Central Rockies forests 50519 Northern California coastal forests 50520 Northern Pacific coastal forests 50521 Northern transitional alpine forests 50522 Okanagan dry forests 50523 Piney Woods forests 50524 Puget lowland forests 50525 Queen Charlotte Islands 50526 Sierra Juarez and San Pedro Martir pine-oak forests 50527 Sierra Nevada forests 50528 South Central Rockies forests 50529 Southeastern conifer forests 50530 Wasatch and Uinta montane forests 50601 Alaska Peninsula montane taiga 50602 Central Canadian Shield forests 50603 Cook Inlet taiga 50604 Copper Plateau taiga 50605 Eastern Canadian forests 50606 Eastern Canadian Shield taiga 50607 Interior Alaska-Yukon lowland taiga 50608 Mid-Continental Canadian forests 50609 Midwestern Canadian Shield forests 50610 Muskwa-Slave Lake forests 50611 Newfoundland Highland forests 50612 Northern Canadian Shield taiga 50613 Northern Cordillera forests 50614 Northwest Territories taiga 50615 South Avalon-Burin oceanic barrens 50616 Southern Hudson Bay taiga 50617 Yukon Interior dry forests 50701 Western Gulf coastal grasslands 50801 California Central Valley grasslands 50802 Canadian Aspen forests and parklands 50803 Central and Southern mixed grasslands 50804 Central forest-grasslands transition 50805 Central tall grasslands 50806 Edwards Plateau savanna 50807 Flint Hills tall grasslands 50808 Montana Valley and Foothill grasslands 50809 Nebraska Sand Hills mixed grasslands 50810 Northern mixed grasslands 50811 Northern short grasslands 50812 Northern tall grasslands 50813 Palouse grasslands 50814 Texas blackland prairies 50815 Western short grasslands 51101 Alaska-St. Elias Range tundra 51102 Aleutian Islands tundra 51103 Arctic coastal tundra 51104 Arctic foothills tundra 51105 Baffin coastal tundra 51106 Beringia lowland tundra 51107 Beringia upland tundra 51108 Brooks-British Range tundra 51109 Davis Highlands tundra 51110 High Arctic tundra 51111 Interior Yukon-Alaska alpine tundra 51112 Kalaallit Nunaat high arctic tundra 51113 Kalaallit Nunaat low arctic tundra 51114 Low Arctic tundra 51115 Middle Arctic tundra 51116 Ogilvie-MacKenzie alpine tundra 51117 Pacific Coastal Mountain icefields and tundra 51118 Torngat Mountain tundra 51201 California coastal sage and chaparral 51202 California interior chaparral and woodlands 51203 California montane chaparral and woodlands 51301 Baja California desert 51302 Central Mexican matorral 51303 Chihuahuan desert 51304 Colorado Plateau shrublands 51305 Great Basin shrub steppe 51306 Gulf of California xeric scrub 51307 Meseta Central matorral 51308 Mojave desert 51309 Snake-Columbia shrub steppe 51310 Sonoran desert 51311 Tamaulipan matorral 51312 Tamaulipan mezquital 51313 Wyoming Basin shrub steppe 60101 Araucaria moist forests 60102 Atlantic Coast restingas 60103 Bahia coastal forests 60104 Bahia interior forests 60105 Bolivian Yungas 60106 Caatinga Enclaves moist forests 60107 Caqueta moist forests 60108 Catatumbo moist forests 60109 Cauca Valley montane forests 60110 Cayos Miskitos-San Andrés and Providencia moist forests 60111 Central American Atlantic moist forests 60112 Central American montane forests 60113 Chiapas montane forests 60114 Chimalapas montane forests 60115 Chocó-Darién moist forests 60116 Cocos Island moist forests 60117 Cordillera La Costa montane forests 60118 Cordillera Oriental montane forests 60119 Costa Rican seasonal moist forests 60120 Cuban moist forests 60121 Eastern Cordillera real montane forests 60122 Eastern Panamanian montane forests 60123 Fernando de Noronha-Atol das Rocas moist forests 60124 Guianan Highlands moist forests 60125 Guianan moist forests 60126 Gurupa varzeá 60127 Hispaniolan moist forests 60128 Iquitos varzeá 60129 Isthmian-Atlantic moist forests 60130 Isthmian-Pacific moist forests 60131 Jamaican moist forests 60132 Japurá-Solimoes-Negro moist forests 60133 Juruá-Purus moist forests 60134 Leeward Islands moist forests 60135 Madeira-Tapajós moist forests 60136 Magdalena Valley montane forests 60137 Magdalena-Urabá moist forests 60138 Marajó varzeá 60139 Maranhão Babaçu forests 60140 Mato Grosso seasonal forests 60141 Monte Alegre varzeá 60142 Napo moist forests 60143 Negro-Branco moist forests 60144 Northeastern Brazil restingas 60145 Northwestern Andean montane forests 60146 Oaxacan montane forests 60147 Orinoco Delta swamp forests 60148 Pantanos de Centla 60149 Guianan freshwater swamp forests 60150 Alto Paraná Atlantic forests 60151 Pernambuco coastal forests 60152 Pernambuco interior forests 60153 Peruvian Yungas 60154 Petén-Veracruz moist forests 60155 Puerto Rican moist forests 60156 Purus varzeá 60157 Purus-Madeira moist forests 60158 Rio Negro campinarana 60159 Santa Marta montane forests 60160 Serra do Mar coastal forests 60161 Sierra de los Tuxtlas 60162 Sierra Madre de Chiapas moist forests 60163 Solimões-Japurá moist forests 60164 South Florida rocklands 60165 Southern Andean Yungas 60166 Southwest Amazon moist forests 60167 Talamancan montane forests 60168 Tapajós-Xingu moist forests 60169 Pantepui 60170 Tocantins/Pindare moist forests 60171 Trinidad and Tobago moist forests 60172 Trindade-Martin Vaz Islands tropical forests 60173 Uatuma-Trombetas moist forests 60174 Ucayali moist forests 60175 Venezuelan Andes montane forests 60176 Veracruz moist forests 60177 Veracruz montane forests 60178 Western Ecuador moist forests 60179 Windward Islands moist forests 60180 Xingu-Tocantins-Araguaia moist forests 60181 Yucatán moist forests 60182 Guianan piedmont and lowland moist forests 60201 Apure-Villavicencio dry forests 60202 Atlantic dry forests 60204 Bajío dry forests 60205 Balsas dry forests 60206 Bolivian montane dry forests 60207 Cauca Valley dry forests 60209 Central American dry forests 60210 Dry Chaco 60211 Chiapas Depression dry forests 60212 Chiquitano dry forests 60213 Cuban dry forests 60214 Ecuadorian dry forests 60215 Hispaniolan dry forests 60216 Islas Revillagigedo dry forests 60217 Jalisco dry forests 60218 Jamaican dry forests 60219 Lara-Falcón dry forests 60220 Lesser Antillean dry forests 60221 Magdalena Valley dry forests 60222 Maracaibo dry forests 60223 Marañón dry forests 60224 Panamanian dry forests 60225 Patía Valley dry forests 60226 Puerto Rican dry forests 60227 Sierra de la Laguna dry forests 60228 Sinaloan dry forests 60229 Sinú Valley dry forests 60230 Southern Pacific dry forests 60232 Tumbes-Piura dry forests 60233 Veracruz dry forests 60235 Yucatán dry forests 60301 Bahamian pine mosaic 60302 Belizian pine forests 60303 Central American pine-oak forests 60304 Cuban pine forests 60305 Hispaniolan pine forests 60306 Miskito pine forests 60307 Sierra de la Laguna pine-oak forests 60308 Sierra Madre de Oaxaca pine-oak forests 60309 Sierra Madre del Sur pine-oak forests 60310 Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt pine-oak forests 60401 Juan Fernández Islands temperate forests 60402 Magellanic subpolar forests 60403 San Félix-San Ambrosio Islands temperate forests 60404 Valdivian temperate forests 60702 Beni savanna 60703 Campos Rupestres montane savanna 60704 Cerrado 60705 Clipperton Island shrub and grasslands 60707 Guianan savanna 60708 Humid Chaco 60709 Llanos 60710 Uruguayan savanna 60801 Espinal 60802 Low Monte 60803 Humid Pampas 60805 Patagonian steppe 60902 Cuban wetlands 60903 Enriquillo wetlands 60904 Everglades 60905 Guayaquil flooded grasslands 60906 Orinoco wetlands 60907 Pantanal 60908 Paraná flooded savanna 60909 Southern Cone Mesopotamian savanna 61001 Central Andean dry puna 61002 Central Andean puna 61003 Central Andean wet puna 61004 Cordillera Central páramo 61005 Cordillera de Merida páramo 61006 Northern Andean páramo 61007 Santa Marta páramo 61008 Southern Andean steppe 61010 High Monte 61201 Chilean matorral 61301 Araya and Paria xeric scrub 61303 Atacama desert 61304 Caatinga 61305 Caribbean shrublands 61306 Cuban cactus scrub 61307 Galápagos Islands scrubland mosaic 61308 Guajira-Barranquilla xeric scrub 61309 La Costa xeric shrublands 61311 Malpelo Island xeric scrub 61312 Motagua Valley thornscrub 61313 Paraguana xeric scrub 61314 San Lucan xeric scrub 61315 Sechura desert 61316 Tehuacán Valley matorral 61318 St. Peter and St. Paul rocks 61401 Amazon-Orinoco-Southern Caribbean mangroves 61402 Bahamian-Antillean mangroves 61403 Mesoamerican Gulf-Caribbean mangroves 61404 Northern Mesoamerican Pacific mangroves 61405 South American Pacific mangroves 61406 Southern Atlantic mangroves 61407 Southern Mesoamerican Pacific mangroves 70101 Carolines tropical moist forests 70102 Central Polynesian tropical moist forests 70103 Cook Islands tropical moist forests 70104 Eastern Micronesia tropical moist forests 70105 Fiji tropical moist forests 70106 Hawaii tropical moist forests 70107 Kermadec Islands subtropical moist forests 70108 Marquesas tropical moist forests 70109 Ogasawara subtropical moist forests 70110 Palau tropical moist forests 70111 Rapa Nui subtropical broadleaf forests 70112 Samoan tropical moist forests 70113 Society Islands tropical moist forests 70114 Tongan tropical moist forests 70115 Tuamotu tropical moist forests 70116 Tubuai tropical moist forests 70117 Western Polynesian tropical moist forests 70201 Fiji tropical dry forests 70202 Hawaii tropical dry forests 70203 Marianas tropical dry forests 70204 Yap tropical dry forests 70701 Hawaii tropical high shrublands 70702 Hawaii tropical low shrublands 70703 Northwestern Hawaii scrub 80101 Guizhou Plateau broadleaf and mixed forests 80102 Yunnan Plateau subtropical evergreen forests 80401 Appenine deciduous montane forests 80402 Atlantic mixed forests 80403 Azores temperate mixed forests 80404 Balkan mixed forests 80405 Baltic mixed forests 80406 Cantabrian mixed forests 80407 Caspian Hyrcanian mixed forests 80408 Caucasus mixed forests 80409 Celtic broadleaf forests 80410 Central Anatolian steppe and woodlands 80411 Central China loess plateau mixed forests 80412 Central European mixed forests 80413 Central Korean deciduous forests 80414 Changbai Mountains mixed forests 80415 Changjiang Plain evergreen forests 80416 Crimean Submediterranean forest complex 80417 Daba Mountains evergreen forests 80418 Dinaric Mountains mixed forests 80419 East European forest steppe 80420 Eastern Anatolian deciduous forests 80421 English Lowlands beech forests 80422 Euxine-Colchic broadleaf forests 80423 Hokkaido deciduous forests 80424 Huang He Plain mixed forests 80425 Madeira evergreen forests 80426 Manchurian mixed forests 80427 Nihonkai evergreen forests 80428 Nihonkai montane deciduous forests 80429 North Atlantic moist mixed forests 80430 Northeast China Plain deciduous forests 80431 Pannonian mixed forests 80432 Po Basin mixed forests 80433 Pyrenees conifer and mixed forests 80434 Qin Ling Mountains deciduous forests 80435 Rodope montane mixed forests 80436 Sarmatic mixed forests 80437 Sichuan Basin evergreen broadleaf forests 80438 South Sakhalin-Kurile mixed forests 80439 Southern Korea evergreen forests 80440 Taiheiyo evergreen forests 80441 Taiheiyo montane deciduous forests 80442 Tarim Basin deciduous forests and steppe 80443 Ussuri broadleaf and mixed forests 80444 Western Siberian hemiboreal forests 80445 Western European broadleaf forests 80446 Zagros Mountains forest steppe 80501 Alps conifer and mixed forests 80502 Altai montane forest and forest steppe 80503 Caledon conifer forests 80504 Carpathian montane forests 80505 Da Hinggan-Dzhagdy Mountains conifer forests 80506 East Afghan montane conifer forests 80507 Elburz Range forest steppe 80508 Helanshan montane conifer forests 80509 Hengduan Mountains subalpine conifer forests 80510 Hokkaido montane conifer forests 80511 Honshu alpine conifer forests 80512 Khangai Mountains conifer forests 80513 Mediterranean conifer and mixed forests 80514 Northeastern Himalayan subalpine conifer forests 80515 Northern Anatolian conifer and deciduous forests 80516 Nujiang Langcang Gorge alpine conifer and mixed forests 80517 Qilian Mountains conifer forests 80518 Qionglai-Minshan conifer forests 80519 Sayan montane conifer forests 80520 Scandinavian coastal conifer forests 80521 Tian Shan montane conifer forests 80601 East Siberian taiga 80602 Iceland boreal birch forests and alpine tundra 80603 Kamchatka-Kurile meadows and sparse forests 80604 Kamchatka-Kurile taiga 80605 Northeast Siberian taiga 80606 Okhotsk-Manchurian taiga 80607 Sakhalin Island taiga 80608 Scandinavian and Russian taiga 80609 Trans-Baikal conifer forests 80610 Ural montane forests and tundra 80611 West Siberian taiga 80801 Alai-Western Tian Shan steppe 80802 Altai steppe and semi-desert 80803 Central Anatolian steppe 80804 Daurian forest steppe 80805 Eastern Anatolian montane steppe 80806 Emin Valley steppe 80807 Faroe Islands boreal grasslands 80808 Gissaro-Alai open woodlands 80809 Kazakh forest steppe 80810 Kazakh steppe 80811 Kazakh upland 80812 Middle East steppe 80813 Mongolian-Manchurian grassland 80814 Pontic steppe 80815 Sayan Intermontane steppe 80816 Selenge-Orkhon forest steppe 80817 South Siberian forest steppe 80818 Tian Shan foothill arid steppe 80901 Amur meadow steppe 80902 Bohai Sea saline meadow 80903 Nenjiang River grassland 80904 Nile Delta flooded savanna 80905 Saharan halophytics 80906 Tigris-Euphrates alluvial salt marsh 80907 Suiphun-Khanka meadows and forest meadows 80908 Yellow Sea saline meadow 81001 Altai alpine meadow and tundra 81002 Central Tibetan Plateau alpine steppe 81003 Eastern Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows 81004 Ghorat-Hazarajat alpine meadow 81005 Hindu Kush alpine meadow 81006 Karakoram-West Tibetan Plateau alpine steppe 81007 Khangai Mountains alpine meadow 81008 Kopet Dag woodlands and forest steppe 81009 Kuh Rud and Eastern Iran montane woodlands 81010 Mediterranean High Atlas juniper steppe 81011 North Tibetan Plateau-Kunlun Mountains alpine desert 81012 Northwestern Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows 81013 Ordos Plateau steppe 81014 Pamir alpine desert and tundra 81015 Qilian Mountains subalpine meadows 81016 Sayan Alpine meadows and tundra 81017 Southeast Tibet shrublands and meadows 81018 Sulaiman Range alpine meadows 81019 Tian Shan montane steppe and meadows 81020 Tibetan Plateau alpine shrublands and meadows 81021 Western Himalayan alpine shrub and Meadows 81022 Yarlung Tsangpo arid steppe 81101 Arctic desert 81102 Bering tundra 81103 Cherskii-Kolyma mountain tundra 81104 Chukchi Peninsula tundra 81105 Kamchatka Mountain tundra and forest tundra 81106 Kola Peninsula tundra 81107 Northeast Siberian coastal tundra 81108 Northwest Russian-Novaya Zemlya tundra 81109 Novosibirsk Islands arctic desert 81110 Scandinavian Montane Birch forest and grasslands 81111 Taimyr-Central Siberian tundra 81112 Trans-Baikal Bald Mountain tundra 81113 Wrangel Island arctic desert 81114 Yamal-Gydan tundra 81201 Aegean and Western Turkey sclerophyllous and mixed forests 81202 Anatolian conifer and deciduous mixed forests 81203 Canary Islands dry woodlands and forests 81204 Corsican montane broadleaf and mixed forests 81205 Crete Mediterranean forests 81206 Cyprus Mediterranean forests 81207 Eastern Mediterranean conifer-sclerophyllous-broadleaf forests 81208 Iberian conifer forests 81209 Iberian sclerophyllous and semi-deciduous forests 81210 Illyrian deciduous forests 81211 Italian sclerophyllous and semi-deciduous forests 81212 Mediterranean acacia-argania dry woodlands and succulent thickets 81213 Mediterranean dry woodlands and steppe 81214 Mediterranean woodlands and forests 81215 Northeastern Spain and Southern France Mediterranean forests 81216 Northwest Iberian montane forests 81217 Pindus Mountains mixed forests 81218 South Appenine mixed montane forests 81219 Southeastern Iberian shrubs and woodlands 81220 Southern Anatolian montane conifer and deciduous forests 81221 Southwest Iberian Mediterranean sclerophyllous and mixed forests 81222 Tyrrhenian-Adriatic Sclerophyllous and mixed forests 81301 Afghan Mountains semi-desert 81302 Alashan Plateau semi-desert 81303 Arabian Desert and East Sahero-Arabian xeric shrublands 81304 Atlantic coastal desert 81305 Azerbaijan shrub desert and steppe 81306 Badghyz and Karabil semi-desert 81307 Baluchistan xeric woodlands 81308 Caspian lowland desert 81309 Central Afghan Mountains xeric woodlands 81310 Central Asian northern desert 81311 Central Asian riparian woodlands 81312 Central Asian southern desert 81313 Central Persian desert basins 81314 Eastern Gobi desert steppe 81315 Gobi Lakes Valley desert steppe 81316 Great Lakes Basin desert steppe 81317 Junggar Basin semi-desert 81318 Kazakh semi-desert 81319 Kopet Dag semi-desert 81320 Mesopotamian shrub desert 81321 North Saharan steppe and woodlands 81322 Paropamisus xeric woodlands 81323 Persian Gulf desert and semi-desert 81324 Qaidam Basin semi-desert 81325 Red Sea Nubo-Sindian tropical desert and semi-desert 81326 Registan-North Pakistan sandy desert 81327 Sahara desert 81328 South Iran Nubo-Sindian desert and semi-desert 81329 South Saharan steppe and woodlands 81330 Taklimakan desert 81331 Tibesti-Jebel Uweinat montane xeric woodlands 81332 West Saharan montane xeric woodlands 81333 Red Sea coastal desert Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Livelihood zone of household LIVELIHOOD reports the predominant livelihood zone within a 5-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. Livelihood zones can be used as an indicator for sources of food and/or income and as a measure of people's vulnerability to hazards, such as flood, drought, food crisis, market disruption, or conflicts. Information on livelihood zones are available for selected countries of Africa, Afghanistan, El Salvador, Haiti, Honduras, and Nicaragua. Livelihood zones are country-specific; therefore, codes and labels for LIVELIHOOD vary across countries. The original LIVELIHOOD zone codes from the Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET [URL omitted from DDI.]) begin with the 2-character alphabetic ISO code followed by the livelihood zone code. In place of the 2-character alphabetic ISO code used in the source data, IPUMS-DHS substitutes the 3-digit ISO country code (e.g., 231 for Ethiopia), followed by the 3-digit numeric livelihood zone code (e.g., 177 for West Central Teff). LIVELIHOOD, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00998 Missing 004001 Eastern Pastoral and Forest Zone 004002 Eastern Agro-Pastoral and Forest Zone 004003 Eastern Agro-Pastoral and Rangeland Zone 004004 Eastern Semi-Arid Agricultural Zone 004005 Eastern Agricultural and Labor-Based Zone 004006 Eastern Intensively Irrigated Zone 004007 Eastern Cross-Border Trade and Labor-Based Zone 004008 Eastern Irrigated and Rainfed Agricultural Zone 004009 East-Central Irrigated Zone 004010 Southern Intensively Irrigated Cash Crop Zone 004011 Southern Semi-Arid Agro-Pastoral Zone 004012 South-Central Agro-Pastoral and Labor-Based Zone 004013 Southern Desert Zone 004014 South-Central Agro-Pastoral Zone 004015 North-Western Agro-Pastoral and Pistachio Zone 004016 Western Intensively Irrigated Zone 004017 Western Semi-Arid Agro-Pastoral Zone 004018 West-Central Highland Agro-Pastoral Zone 004019 Western and Southern Cross-Border Trade and Labor Zone 004020 North-Eastern Highland Agro-Pastoral Zone 004021 Salangi Plains Mixed Farming Zone 004022 Northern Lowland Cereals and Livestock Zone 004023 Northern High Cereals Production Zone 004024 North-Central Agro-Pastoral Zone 004025 Northern Irrigated and Rainfed Mixed Farming Zone 004026 Northern Intensively Irrigated Agricultural Zone 004027 Amo River Irrigation and Cross-Border Trade Zone 004028 East-Central Agro-Forestry Zone 004029 Central Cash-Crop and Livestock Zone 024001 Coastal fishing, horticulture, and non-farm income 024002 Transitional banana and pineapple farming 024003 Southern livestock, millet, and sorghum 024004 Sub humid livestock and maize 024005 Mid-eastern cassava and savannah forest 024006 Central highlands potato and vegetables 024007 Central highlands maize and beans 024008 Transitional lowland maize, cassava, and beans 024009 Tropical forest, cassava, banana, and coffee 024010 Savannah forest and market-oriented cassava 024011 Savannah forest and subsistence cassava 024012 Fishing, cassava, and cross-border trade 024013 Coastal livestock ranching 108001 Buragane 108002 Congo Ridge Millet 108003 Eastern Lowlands 108004 Northern Lowlands 108005 Northern Highlands 108006 Southern Highlands 108007 Imbo Plain 108008 Humid Plateaus 108009 Eastern Arid Plateaus 140001 Southeast cassava, peanuts, and maize 140002 Northeast hunting and food crops 140003 Northern sorghum and millet 140004 East central mining, cassava, and peanuts 140005 Southern coffee, cassava, and maize 140006 Central cassava, peanuts, and maize 140007 Central cotton, cassava, and maize 140008 Northern cotton, cassava, and sorghum 140009 Western cassava, maize, and peanuts 140010 Southern maize, citrus fruits, and vegetables 140011 Southwest cassava, coffee, gathering, and mining 148001 Southern Staple and Cash Crops 148002 Southwest Rice 148003 South-central Cereals 148004 Southeast Flood Retreat and Gum Arabic 148005 Central Agropastoral 148006 Eastern Rainfed Cereals and Market Gardening 148007 Transhumance 148008 Western Agropastoral and Fishing 148009 Northern Oasis Cultivation with Camels and Natron 180001 Copperbelt and Marginal Agriculture 180002 Savannah Manioc 180003 Savannah Surplus Maize 180004 Kamalondo Depression 180005 Southern Tanganyika-Mwero Fishing 180006 Maniema Savannah Agriculture 180007 High Food Production and Surplus Trade 180008 Northern Tanganyika Midland Agriculture 180009 Agropastoral Mountains 180010 Midland Agricultural Savannah 180011 Rutshuru Volcanic Soils and Agriculture 180012 Forest Cultivation and Products 180013 Artisanal Mining with Agriculture 180014 Northeast Highlands Agriculture 180015 Orientale Fishing with Agriculture 180016 Northern Plateau Cassava, Maize, Groundnuts and Beans 180017 Bumba Rice and Tubers 180018 Bomongo and Makanza Districts Intensive Fishing 180019 Fishing and Staples Riverine 180020 Cuvette Centrale Staple Crops, Fishing and Charcoal 180021 Equatorial Forest, Hunting, Fishing and Staple Crops 180022 Lighter Forest with Rice and Cassava 180023 Savannah with Cassava and Cowpeas and Small Livestock 180024 High Food Crop Production and Trading 180025 Intensive Artisanal Diamond Exploitation with Crop Cultivation 180026 Clay Soils with High Production of Cassava and Maize, and Cattle 180027 Agropastoral â€“ Staple Crops, Small Stock and Cattle and Wild Foods 180028 Agriculture with High Production and Marketing 180029 Cassava, Maize and Groundnuts 180030 Market Gardening and Staple Crops 180031 River Fishing and Staple Crops 180032 Coastal Ocean Fishing and Kitchen Gardening 180033 Forest â€“ Staple Crops, Cash Crops and Market Gardening 180034 Kinshasa Peri-urban 222001 Basic Grain and Labor Zone 222002 Coffee, Agro-Industrial and Labor Zone 222003 Sugarcane, Agro-Industry and Labor Zone 222004 Eastern Basic Grain, Labor, Livestock and Remittance Zone 222005 Central Free-Trade, Services and Industrial Labor Zone 222006 Fishing, Aquaculture and Tourism Zone 231001 Addis Ababa City 231002 Asale Agropastoral 231003 Awsa-Gewane Agropastoral 231004 Aramiss - Adaar Pastoral 231005 Asale Pastoral 231006 Chenno Agropastoral 231007 Eli daar Pastoral 231008 Namalefan & Baadu Pastoral 231009 Teru Pastoral 231010 Abay Beshilo River Basin 231011 Abay Tekeze Watershed 231012 Central Highland Barley & Potato 231013 Cheffa valley 231014 Guna Highland 231015 Merhabete Lowland Sorghum and teff 231016 Minjar teff and livestock 231017 Minjar teff and sorghum 231018 North Wollo Highland Belg 231019 North East Woyna Dega Mixed Cereal 231020 North Shewa highland sheep and barley 231021 North Shewa Highland Wheat and Teff productive 231022 N Highland wheat, Barley & Sheep 231023 NorthWest Cash Crop 231024 North Wollo East Plain 231025 NorthWest Sorghum Belt 231026 South Wollo Meher 231027 South Wollo Belg 231028 South West Maize, Finger Millet and Teff productive 231029 South Wollo & Oromia Eastern lowland sorghum & cattle 231030 South East Woyna Dega Teff 231031 South West Woyna Dega wheat 231032 Tekeze Lowland Sorghum and Goats 231033 Tana Zuria 231034 South Wollo Meher and Belg 231035 Central Kolla Sorghum, Maize & Millet 231036 Midland Teff & Coffee 231037 Western Dry Kolla Sorghum, Maize & Mining 231038 Meketel Highland Cereal & Pulses 231039 Gambella Agropastoral 231040 Gambella Coffee, Honey & Cereal LZ 231041 Gambella Mixed Agriculture 231042 No Data 231043 Arsi Bale Wheat, Barley & Potato 231044 Anfilo Coffee Monoculture & Honey 231045 Abe Dongoro-Diga-Sasiga Coffee & Sorghum 231046 Adaba Dodola Community Forest 231047 Agarfa, Gasera, Ginir & Gololcha Fruit, Coffee & Chat 231048 Ambo Selale Ginderberet Teff & Wheat 231049 Abijata Shala Jido Agro-Pastoral 231050 Abay Gorge Sesame, Maize & Honey 231051 Ameya-Wolisso-Ambo Teff & Cattle 231052 Becho-Adea Teff & Chickpea 231053 Borena-Guji Maize, Wheat & Livestock 231054 Borena-Guji Coffee & Enset 231055 Borena-Guji Cattle Pastoralist 231056 Bale Agro-Pastoral 231057 Bale Pastoralist 231058 Chercher & Gololcha Chole Coffee, Maize & Chat 231059 Central Horo Teff, Nug & Cattle 231060 Chebo-Inchini Enset, Barley & Cattle 231061 Chat & Vegetables 231062 Dallo, Barbare & Arana-Buluk Coffee 231063 Dale-Lalo Sorghum & Maize 231064 Didessa-Gibe-Wama Valley Sorghum, Maize & Oilcrops 231065 Ebantu-Limu Teff & Cattle 231066 Guduru-Amuru Maize, Teff & Cattle 231067 Guji-Borena Enset, Barley & Cattle 231068 Gerbo Enset & Chat 231069 Gursum-Babile Groundnuts & Sorghum 231070 Gera-Setema-Sale Forest Teff, Honey & Cattle 231071 Gibe Maize & Peppers 231072 Goro-Ginir Spice & Wheat 231073 Anger Maize, Sorghum & Finger Millet 231074 Illu-Wellega-Birbir Maize, Peppers & Sesame 231075 Jimma-Illubabur Coffee, Cereals & Chat 231076 Jaldu-Dendi-Ilfata Barley & Potato 231077 Jimma-Yama Logi Teff & Maize 231078 Kofele Kokosa Enset & Cattle Belt 231079 Muger-Abay-Jema Sorghum & Teff Belt 231080 Melka Awash-Ochocha Mid-Highland Wheat & Teff 231081 Moyale Agro-Pastoral, Labour & Cross-Border Trade 231082 Moyale Cattle, Shoats & Camel Pastoralist 231083 Market-Isolated Cattle & Shoat Pastoralist 231084 Kereyu Pastoral 231085 Mendi-Dabisu Maize, Sesame & Cattle 231086 North-East Agro-Pastoral 231087 Nadda-Gilgel Gibe Maize, Teff and Sorghum 231088 Nole-Meko-Diga Teff & Cattle 231089 Nejo-Dilla Teff, Finger Millet & Nug 231090 Southern Agro-Pastoral 231091 Keto-Begi Cereals & Cattle 231092 Robe Chole Sude & Seru Teff Maize Haricot Bean Belt 231093 Rift Valley Maize & Horse Bean 231094 Selale-Ambo Highland Barley, Wheat and Horsebean belt 231095 Soddo Highland Wheat, Barley & Enset 231096 Siraro Kofele Potato & Vegetables 231097 Sorghum, Maize & Chat 231098 Shirka Ticho Spice & Teff 231099 Wheat, Barley & Potato 231100 Wellega-Dedo Highland Wheat & Barley 231101 Wuchale-Abichu-Kembebit Livestock, 'Wild Oats' & Barley/Wheat 231102 Wellega Coffee, Maize & Sorghum 231103 Amaro Coffee and Enset LZ 231104 Awassa Chat and Enset LZ 231105 Alaba-Mareko Lowland Pepper LZ 231106 Badewacho-Alaba Maize LZ 231107 Bilate Basin Agro-Pastoral LZ 231108 Bench-Keffa Cereal and Enset LZ 231109 Basketo-Melo Coffee and Root Crop LZ 231110 Dawro-Konta Maize and Root Crop LZ 231111 Western Coffee and Spices LZ - Eastern sub-zone 231112 Gedeo Coffee LZ 231113 Gurage-Siltie Highland Enset and Barley LZ 231114 Gurage-Siltie Midland Enset and Chat LZ 231115 Gurage-Siltie Enset and Teff LZ 231116 Gamo Gofa Enset and Barley LZ 231117 Gurage Lowland Maize and Teff LZ 231118 Gamo Gofa Maize and Root Crop LZ 231119 Hadero Ginger LZ 231120 Hadiya Maize LZ 231121 Hadiya-Kembata Cereal and Enset LZ - Hadiya sub zone 231122 Chamo-Abaya Irrigated Banana LZ 231123 Kedida-Badewacho Coffee LZ 231124 Hadiya-Kembata Cereal and Enset LZ - Kembata sub-zone 231125 Kaffa Cereal and Enset LZ 231126 Southern Special Woredas Lowland Cereal LZ 231127 Omo River Flood Recession LZ 231128 Omo Valley Maize and Sorghum LZ 231129 231130 Southern Cereal, Enset and Root Crop LZ 231131 Sidama Coffee LZ 231132 Surma Agro-Pastoral LZ 231133 Sidama-Gedeo Highland Enset and Barley LZ 231134 Sidama Maize Belt LZ 231135 Southern Agro-Pastoral Livelihood Zone 231136 South Omo Crop LZ 231137 South Omo Pastoral LZ 231138 Salamago Pastoral LZ 231139 Sheka Cereal and Enset LZ 231140 Wolayita Ginger and Coffee LZ 231141 Western Coffee and Spices LZ - Western sub-zone 231142 Western Forest Products LZ 231143 Wolayita Maize and Root Crop LZ 231144 Wolayita Barley and Wheat LZ 231145 Yem Cereal and Enset LZ 231146 Afder Pastoral 231147 Degahbur Agropastoral 231148 Dawa-Ganale Riverine 231149 Filtu-Dolo Pastoral 231150 Fik Pastoral 231151 Gode Agropastoral 231152 Harshin-Degahbur East Pastoral 231153 Jijiga Agropastoral 231154 Jijiga Sedentary Farming 231155 Korahe Agropastoral 231156 Korahe-Gode Pastoral 231157 Liban Agropastoral 231158 Lowland-Hawd Pastoral 231159 Moyale-Wayamo Pastoral 231160 No Data 231161 Shinile Agropastoral 231162 Shinile Pastoral 231163 Shabelle Riverine 231164 Adiyabo Lowland 231165 Alaje Ofla Highland 231166 Atsbi Womberta Highland 231167 Central Mixed Crop 231168 Enderta Dry Midland 231169 Eastern Planteau 231170 Gesho and Wheat Highland 231171 Humera Sesame and Sorghum 231172 Irob Mountains 231173 Mereb Basin 231174 Middle Tekeze 231175 Raya Valley 231176 Tsirare Catchment 231177 West Central Teff 231178 Werie Catchment 231179 Western Cereal and Sesame 262001 Northwest Pastoral 262002 Central Pastoral 262003 Southeast Pastoral 262004 Market Gardening 262005 Djibouti City 324001 Coastal: Rice, Fishing, Palm oil 324002 Piedmont: Rice, Groundnut, Horticulture 324003 Central plateau: Horticulture, Fonio, Livestock 324004 Mountain: Livestock, Fonio, Groundnut 324005 Mountain : Rice, Livestock, Fonio 324006 Northern plateau: Rice, Groundnut, Livestock 324007 Savannah with shrubs: Rice, Gold mining, Livestock 324008 Northeast: Maize, Gold mining, Livestock 324009 Wooded savannah: Rice, Manioc, Groundnut 324010 Pre-forest zone: Rice, Manioc, Livestock 324011 Forest: Rice, Palm oil, Coffee 332001 Dry Coastal Maize and Charcoal 332002 North Tubers and Horticulture 332003 Central Plateau Maize and Tubers 332004 Rice Plains of the Artibonite 332005 Western Banana Plains of Arcahaie 332006 West Gardening and Beans 332007 South Beans, Bananas, and Petty Trade 332008 Southwestern Coast Maize, Manioc, and Bush Products 332009 Urban 340000 Casco urbano 340001 Zona de medios de vida litoral GarÃfuna y de turismo en islas de la BahÃa 340002 Zona litoral atlÃ¡ntica productora de aceite de palma 340003 Zona de venta de obra en maquilas, banano y caÃ±a de azÃºcar 340004 Zona Mosquitia de caza y pesca 340005 Zona montaÃ±osa de cafÃ© 340006 Zona de medios de vida pesquera y salinera del Golfo de Fonseca 340007 Zona de granos bÃ¡sicos de subsistencia y remesas 340008 Zona de venta de mano de obra en melÃ³n, sandÃa y camarÃ³n 340009 Zona de medios de vida, granos bÃ¡sicos y ganaderÃa 340010 Reserva del RÃo Platano 404001 Northwestern Pastoral Zone 404002 Turkwell Riverine Zone 404003 Northwestern Agropastoral Zone 404004 Lake Turkana Fishing 404005 Northern Pastoral Zone 404006 Marsabit Marginal Mixed Farming Zone 404007 Northeastern Agropastoral Zone 404008 Mandera Riverine Zone 404009 Northeastern Pastoral Zone 404010 Eastern Pastoral Zone 404011 Southeastern Pastoral Zone 404012 Coastal Medium Potential Farming Zone 404013 Coastal Marginal Agricultural Mixed Farming Zone 404014 Tana Riverine Zone 404015 Southern Pastoral Zone 404016 Southeastern Marginal Mixed Farming Zone 404017 Southeastern Medium Potential, Mixed Farming Zone 404018 Southern Agropastoral Zone 404019 Central Highlands, High Potential Zone 404020 Western Medium Potential Zone 404021 Western High Potential Zone 404022 Western Lakeshore Marginal Mixed Farming Zone 404023 Lake Victoria Fishing Zone 404024 Western Agropastoral Zone 426001 Northern Lowlands 426002 Southern Lowlands 426003 Foothills 426004 Mountains 426005 Senqu River Valley 430001 North-East Rice Farming Palm Oil 430002 North/Central Rice with Cassava and Market Gardening 430003 South-East Rice with Cassava 430004 Coastal Plain Cassava with Rice and Inland Fishing 430005 Coastal Fishing and Cassava 430006 Rice Intercropped and Forest Hunting 430007 Border Cacao and Coffee Farming 430008 Rubber and Charcoal with Food Crops 430009 Peri-Urban: Petty Trade, Market Gardening and Casual Employment 430010 Mining/Concession and Farming Zone 430098 National Parks 430099 Urban Areas 450001 Extreme north: sugar cane, fishing, tourism 450002 North: vanilla, clove, coconut tree 450003 Sofia River basin: tobacco, onion, fishing 450004 Northern highland: rice, zebu 450005 Betsiboka Delta: rice, fishing 450006 Upper Betsiboka: gold mining, rice, cows 450007 Aloatra: rice, fishing, livestock rearing 450008 Toamasina: cloves, coffee, trade 450009 West: rice, fishing, gathering 450010 Agropastoral midwest: rice, maize, pulses 450011 Central Iarivo: rice, market gardening, eucalyptus 450012 Moramanga: forest, petty trade, market gardening 450013 Center-east: litchi, coffee, citrus 450014 Ankaratra: staple crops, horticulture, milk 450015 Tsirobihina Delta: rice, fishing, pulses 450016 South-central peneplain: rice, onion, small livestock 450017 Southern highlands: staple crops, crafts, market gardening 450018 Corridor: forest products, banana 450019 Southeast: coffee, litchi, cassava 450020 Southwest: rice, lima bean 450021 Bara plateau: cows, cassava 450022 Center-south: staple crops, industrial sisal, zebu 450023 Mahafaly plateau: cassava 450024 Extreme south: cassava, maize, livestock rearing 454001 Central Karonga 454002 Chitipa Millet & Maize 454003 Kasungu Lilongwe Plain 454004 Lake Chilwa - Phalombe Plain 454005 Lower Shire 454006 Middle Shire Valley 454007 Misuku Hills 454008 Mzimba Self Sufficient 454009 Nkhata Bay Cassava 454010 Northern Karonga 454011 Northern Lakeshore 454012 Phirilongwe Hills 454013 Rift Valley Escarpment 454014 Shire Highlands 454015 Southern Lakeshore 454016 Thyolo Mulunje Tea Estates 454017 Western Rumphi & Mzimba 454018 Border Productive Horticulture 454019 Urban 454020 National Park 466001 Nomadism and Trans-Saharan Trade 466002 Northern Livestock 466003 Niger Loop Rice and Fishing 466004 Central Livestock, Millet, and Remittances 466005 Dogon Plateau Millet and Shallots 466006 Niger Delta Rice, Cattle, and Fishing 466007 Office du NigerRice and Market Gardening 466008 Northwestern Sorghum, Remittances, and Livestock 466009 Central Sorghum and Millet 466010 Southeastern Sorghum, Millet, and Cotton 466011 Southern Maize, Cotton, and Fruits 466012 Southwestern Maize, Livestock, and Gold Mining 466013 Center-eastern Millet and Livestock 466014 Lakes Recessional Millet and Sorghum 466015 Western Groundnut, Sorghum, and Maize 466016 Southwestern Gold Mining and Maize 466017 Urban 478001 Nomadic pastoralist 478002 Mine and pastoral 478003 Mixed pastoral, oases and wadis 478004 Littoral coastal fishing 478005 Pastoral and trade 478006 Transhumant pastoralism 478007 Agropastoralism 478008 Senegal valley agriculture 478009 Rainfed agriculture 508001 Lakeshore Basic Staples and Fishing 508002 Northern Highland Forest and Tourism 508003 Northwestern Tobacco and Maize 508004 Northern Cassava, Maize, and Forest 508005 Northern Highland with Mixed Cropping 508006 Northeastern Highland Forest 508007 Northeastern Cassava, Cashew, and Coconut 508008 North-Central Coastal Fishing 508009 Plains with Cassava, Rice, and Fishing 508010 Zambezi Valley with Maize and Fishing 508011 Northwestern Cropping and Cross-border Trade 508012 Coastal Sugarcane and Fishing 508013 Tete Highland Mixed Cropping, Tobbaco, and Cotton 508014 Cahora Bassa Dam Sesame and Cotton 508015 Central Semiarid Cotton and Minerals 508016 Manica Highland Mixed Cropping, Cotton, and Tobacco 508017 Central Manica and Sofala Mixed Cropping 508018 Cheringoma and Muanza Maize and Cassava 508019 Central Semiarid Pineapple and Cashew 508020 Southern Coastal Cassava, Coconut, and Fishing 508021 Southern Intermediate Mixed Cropping 508022 Southern Semiarid Cereals and Cattle 508023 Southeastern Rice 508024 Limpopo and Elephant Rivers Mixed Cropping 508025 Southern Coastal Rishing, Manioc, and Maize 508026 Southern Highland Cattle and Mixed Cropping 558000 Urban Area 558001 Pacific Coast Export Fishing, Aquaculture, Tourism and Livestock Zone 558002 Pacific Agro-Industrial and Transitional Agriculture Zone 558003 Northwest Subsistence Agriculture, Livestock and Alternate Income Activities Zone 558004 EstelÃ Traditional and Industrial Tobacco Zone 558005 Managua Peri-urban Free-Trade, Agro-industry and Services Zone 558006 East-Central Vegetables, Informal Trade, Industry and Tourism ZoneÂ 558007 Southern Pacific, Agriculture and High Migration Zone 558008 Central Cattle and Agricultural Frontier Zone 558009 Agriculture and Livestock with High Migration to Costa Rica Zone 558010 Caribbean Humid Tropical Agriculture Zone 558011 Northern Atlantic Agricultural Frontier and Mining Zone 558012 Coffee with Commercial Agriculture and Livestock Zone 558013 Northern Market-bound Basic Grains, Livestock and Coffee Zone 558014 Communal Forestry Zone 558015 Coco River Traditional Agriculture Zone 558016 Caribbean Coast Traditional Fishing Zone 558025 National Forest Reserve 562000 Not Zoned (Desert) 562001 North-east Oases: Dates, Salt and Trade 562002 AÃ¯r Massif Irrigated Gardening 562003 Transhumant and Nomad Pastoralism 562004 Agropastoral Belt 562005 Rainfed Millet and Sorghum Belt 562006 Cropping and Herding with High Work Outmigration 562007 Southern Irrigated Cash Crops 562008 Southwestern Cereals with Fan-Palm Products 562009 Niger River Irrigated Rice 562010 Dallols - Seasonal Water-Course Irrigated Crops 562011 Southeastern Natron Salt and Small Basin Irrigated Dates 562012 Komadougou Irrigated Peppers 562013 Lake Chad Flood-Retreat Cultivation with Fishing 562014 Transhumant and Nomad Pastoralism-Camels 566001 Coastal Fishing 566002 Southern Cocoa, Palm Oil, and Kola nut 566003 South-Central Yam, Cassava, and Banana 566004 Southeast Rice, Salt, and Granite 566005 Niger and Benue River Floodplain Rice and Fishing 566006 Central Plain Yam and Cassava 566007 Mambilla Plateau Cattle, Cocoa, and Tea 566008 Central Highland Maize and Soybean 566009 Northeastern Highland Maize, Cocoyam, Potatoes, and Livestock 566010 North-Central Maize, Sorghum, and Cotton 566011 Northern Floodplains Irrigated Rice, Wheat, and Vegetables 566012 Northeast Millet, Cowpea, and Sesame 566013 Sahel Mixed Cereals and Livestock 686000 Urban Area - Dakar 686001 The Niayes Gardening and Fishing 686002 Delta Rice, Horticulture, and Agricultural Labor 686003 Valley Rice and Remittances 686004 Dieri Millet and Remittances 686005 Rainfed Cowpea and Groundnut 686006 Sylvopatoral Livestock and Gathering 686007 Small Coast Fishing and Tourism 686008 Rainfed Groundnut and Millet 686009 Agropastoral Groundnut 686010 Rainfed Groundnut and Cereals 686011 Forest and Rainfed Rice 686012 Forest, Rainfed Rice, and Groundnut 686013 Rainfed Maize, Cotton, and Cattle 686014 Rainfed Maize and Lumber 686015 Rainfed Maize and Artisanal Gold Mining 686016 National Park 694000 Urban Area - Not Zoned 694001 Tonkolli Food Crops, Gold and Iron Ore 694002 Bombali Food Crops, Peppers, Tobacco and Livestock 694003 Western Rice, Root Crops, Cereals and Trade Belt 694004 Coastal Food Crops and Fishing 694005 Kailahun-Kenema-Pujehun Cash Crops, Food Crops and Trade 694006 Kono-Kenema-Bo Rice, Tree Crops and Timbers 694007 Koinadugu Food Crops, Livestock and Trade 694008 Follosoba Dembellia and Wara Wara Yagala Vegetables 694009 Freetown Peri-Urban 694010 Rice Bowl Areas 706001 Guban Pastoral 706002 West Golis Pastoral 706003 Northwestern Agropastoral 706004 Togdheer Agropastoral 706005 Hawd Pastoral 706006 Northern Inland Pastoral â€“ Goats and Sheep 706007 East Golis â€“ Frankincense, Goats, and Fishing 706008 Coastal Deeh Pastoral and Fishing 706009 Addun Pastoral 706010 Cowpea Belt Agropastoral 706011 Southern Inland Pastoral â€“ Camels, Goats, Sheep, and Cattle 706012 Southern Agropastoral â€“ Goats, Camels, and Sorghum 706013 Riverine Pump Irrigation 706014 Riverine Gravity Irrigation 706015 Sorghum High Potential Agropastoral 706016 Bay Bakool Low Potential Agropastoral 706017 Southern Rainfed Agropastoral â€“ Maize, Cattle, and Goats 706018 Juba Pastoral â€“ Cattle and Goats 706019 Urban 716000 Urban 716001 Agrofisheries 716002 Beitbridge South Western Lowveld Communal 716003 Bikita-Zaka Highlands Communal 716004 Central and Northern Semi Intensive Farming 716005 Cereal and High Cotton Communal 716006 Cereal and Low Cotton Communal 716007 Eastern Highlands Commercial Farming 716008 Eastern Highlands Prime Communal 716009 Eastern Kalahari Sandveld Communal 716010 Greater Mudzi Communal 716011 Highveld Prime Cereal and Cash Crop Resettlement 716012 Highveld Prime Communal 716013 Irrigated Commercial Sugar and Fruit Farming 716014 Kariba Valley and Kariangwe-Jambezi Communal 716015 Livestock and Cereal Farming Communal in Forests 716016 Lusulu, Lupane and Southern Gokwe Mixed Agriculture 716017 Masvingo Manicaland Middleveld Smallholder 716018 Matabeleland Middleveld Communal 716019 Mutorashanga Informal mining 716020 Mwenezi, Chivi and South Midland Communal 716021 Northern Cattle and Cereal Farming 716022 Northern Zambezi Valley Communal 716023 Save River Valley and Ndowoyo Communal 716024 Southern Cattle and Cereal Farming 716025 Western Kalahari Sandveld Communal 716026 National Park 728001 Equatorial maize and cassava 728002 Ironstone Plateau agro-pastoral 728003 Highland forest and sorghum 728004 Western groundnuts, sesame and sorghum 728005 Eastern semi-arid pastoral 728006 Eastern plains sorghum and cattle 728007 Greater Bahr el Ghazal sorghum and cattle 728008 Nile basin fishing and agro-pastoral 728009 Oil resources, maize and cattle 728010 Northeastern maize and cattle 728011 Northern sorhgum and livestock 729000 Not Zoned 729001 Northern Riverine Small-scale Cultivation 729002 Southern Riverine Small/Medium-scale Cultivation 729003 Eastern Pastoral 729004 West and Central Pastoral 729005 Eastern Khors Agropastoral 729006 Coastal Fishing 729007 Eastern Agropastoral Sorghum 729008 Flood-retreat Cultivation 729009 Central Irrigated Schemes 729010 Southeast Rainfed Semi-mechanized Agriculture 729011 Rainfed Sorghum Belt 729012 Western Agropastoral Millet and Groundnuts 729013 Western Agropastoral Millet 729014 Central Rainfed Millet and Sesame 729015 Jabel Marra Mixed Highland Cultivation 729016 Western Wadi Cultivation 729017 North Darfur Tobacco 729018 North Kordofan Gum Arabic Belt 729019 Cattle Dominant Agropastoral 800001 North Eastern Karamoja Highland Apiculture and Potato Zone 800002 Western Karamoja Mixed Crop Farming Zone 800003 South Eastern Karamoja Cattle Maize Zone 800004 Karamoja Mountain and Foot Hills Maize and Cattle Zone 800005 Central Karamoja Sorghum and Livestock Zone 800006 NE Sorghum Simsim Maize Livestock Zone 800007 North Kitgum Gulu Amuru West Nile Simsim Sorghum Livestock Zone 800008 Palabek Tobacco Simsim Sorghum and Cattle Zone 800009 South Kitgum Pader Abim Simsim Groundnuts Sorghum Cattle Zone 800010 Albertine West Nile Lowland Cattle Zone 800011 Kafu Muzizi Maize Upland Rice Cassava Zone 800012 Albertine Escarpment Cotton Cassava Zone 800013 Bwijanga Pakanyi SugarcaNE Maize Cassava Zone 800014 Karuma Masindi Oyam Tobacco Maize Cassava Zone 800015 West Nile Tobacco Cassava Sorghum Zone 800016 Rwenzori Mt.Elgon West Nile Arabica Coffee Banana Zone 800017 Amuru Gulu Rice Groundnut Sorghum Livestock Zone 800018 Southwest Gulu Beans Groundnuts Shoat Cassava 800019 Mid North Simsim Maize Cassava Zone 800020 Eastern Lowland Maize Beans Rice Zone 800021 Eastern Central Lowland Cassava Sorghum and Groundnut Zone 800022 Mt Elgon Highland Irish Potato Cereal Zone 800023 Central and Southern Cattle Cassava Maize Zone 800024 Lakeshore and Riverbank Fishing Zone 800025 Southeastern Maize Beans Robusta Coffee Zone 800026 Midwest Central and Lake Victoria Crescent Robusta Coffee Banana Maize and Cattle Zone 800027 Rwenzori Midland Banana Fruit Vegetable Dairy Zone 800028 Kazinga Channel Cassava Maize Fruit Vegetable Cotton Zone 800029 Rwenzori Lowland Maize Vegetable Banana Zone 800030 Southeastern Lowland Cassava Cereal Zone 800031 Eastern Lowland Rice Root Crop Zone 800032 Southeastern Lowland Cassava Maize Sweet Potato Zone 800033 East Central Plantation Outgrower Zone 800034 Kayunga Masaka Pineapple Banana Robusta Coffee and Cassava Zone 800035 SW Highland Irish Potato Sorghum Vegetable Zone 800036 Kalangala Fishing Oil Palm Cassava Zone 800037 Western Rift Valley Cocoa Coffee Cassava Zone 800038 Rwenzori Midland Tea and Dairy Zone 800039 Southwestern Midland Banana Robusta Coffee Cattle Zone 800040 SW Rift Valley Tobacco Bean Millet Zone 800041 Urban 800042 National Park 834001 Southern Maasai Pastoralist 834002 River Pangani Paddy and Maize Basin 834003 Tanga Maize and Cattle 834004 Tanga Maize and Sisal Employment 834005 Usambara-Pare Highland 834006 Tanga Maize, Orange, and Jackfruit Midlands 834007 Tanga-Pwani Coastal Maize, Paddy Belt 834008 Handeni-Bagamoyo Maize, Cassava, and Fruit Midlands 834009 Loliondo Midland Maize, Beans, and Livestock 834010 Lower Rombo Maize, Beans, and Finger Millet 834011 Kilimanjaro-Meru Maize, Coffee, and Plantains 834012 Karatu Wheat, Maize, and Coffee 834013 Lower Arusha-Simanjiro Maize 834014 Northern Maasai Pastoralist 834015 Nowu Maize, Beans, and Onions Highlands 834016 Babati Kwaraa Maize, Beans, Sunflower, and Coffee 834017 Kiteto-Kongwa-Mpwapwa-Mvomero Maize, Sorghum, and Pigeon Pea 834018 Mbulu-Karatu Midlands Maize, Beans, and Livestock 834019 Hadzabe Hunter-Gatherer Wild Honey, Wild Roots, and Wild Fruit 834020 Wembere Paddy, Sorghum, Maize, Sunflower, and Fishing 834021 Bahi-Sanza Irrigated Rice, Maize, Bulrush Millet, and Livestock 834022 Iramba Midland Onion, Maize, and Sunflower 834023 Manyoni Upland Maize, Sunflower, Sesame, and Livestock 834024 Tabora-Singida Midland Maize, Sunflower, and Livestock 834025 Singida-Manyara Maize, Sorghum, Beans, and Sunflower 834026 East and South Lakeshore Fishing, Cassava, and Upland Rice 834027 Western Lakeshore Coffee, Fishing, and Banana 834028 Kagera-Kigoma-Mara Banana, Coffee, and Beans 834029 Mwanza-Shinyanga-Mara Cotton, Livestock, Cassava, and Maize 834030 Kagera Lowlands Beans, Maize, and Livestock 834031 Shinyanga-Tabora Cotton, Upland Rice, Sweet Potato, and Livestock 834032 Sengerema-Geita Highland Cassava, Rice, and Maize 834033 Kagera-Kigoma Beans, Cassava, and Maize 834034 Kahama-Tabora Midland Tobacco, Maize, Rice, and Livestock 834035 Kishapu-Meatu-Maswa Sorghum, Cotton, Sweet Potato, and Livestock 834036 Urambo-Nzega Lowland Groundnuts, Cotton, and Maize 834037 Kigoma Lowland Palm Oil, Cassava, and Maize 834038 Urambo Agropastoral Maize and Sweet Potato 834039 Victoria Islands Fishing, Cassava, Sweet Potato, and Paddy 834040 Ruaha Riverine Maize, Onion, Tomato, and Paddy Lowlands 834041 Chalinze-Tunuguo Maize, Cattle, and Cassava 834042 Kilombero-Mtibwa Paddy, Maize, and Sugar Employment 834043 Kilombero-Ulanga-Lusewa Paddy, Maize, and Cassava 834044 Kilosa-Mvomero Maize and Paddy Lowlands 834045 Matombo-Kuyuni Spice, Maize, and Banana 834046 Bagamoyo-Kibaha Midland Cassava, Cashew, and Maize 834047 Morogoro Highland Maize and Vegetable 834048 Maskat-Kimbet Maize and Beans Highlands 834049 Newala-Masasi Plateau Sesame, Cassava, Cashew, and Sorghum 834050 Mtwara-Lindi Coastal Rice and Cashew 834051 Matumbi Midland Upland Rice, Oranges, and Maize 834052 Lindi-Nachingwea Lowland Cassava and Maize 834053 Southeastern Plateau Cassava, Cashew, and Bambara Nuts 834054 Mtwara-Lindi-Pwani Riverine 834055 Singida-Dodoma Sorghum, B/Millet, Sunflower, and Livestock 834056 Dodoma Lowland Sunflower, Grape, and Sorghum 834057 Mpanda Maize, Paddy, Sunflower, and Livestock 834058 Lake Tanganyika-Rukwa Fishing, Maize, and Sunflower 834059 Kyela Paddy, Cacao, and Palm Oil Lowlands 834060 Rungwe Banana, Coffee, Tea, and Livestock Midlands 834061 Mporoto-Umalila Irish Potato, Maize, Wheat, and Pyrethrum Highlands 834062 Mbozi-Mbeya Coffee, Maize, Beans, and Livestock Highlands 834063 Usangu Paddy, Maize, Sorghum, and Livestock Wetlands 834064 Kamsamba Paddy, Sorghum, and Livestock Lowlands 834065 Chunya Maize, Sunflower, Cassava, and Groundnut Midlands 834066 West Chunya Maize, Bulrush Millet, and Sesame Lowlands 834067 Lake Nyasa Shore Cassava Fishing and Paddy 834068 Namtumbo Tobacco, Maize, Paddy, and Cassava Midlands 834069 Matengo Coffee, Maize, Beans, and Piggery Midlands 834070 Songea-Namtumbo-Ludewa-Mibinga Maize, Beans, and Cassava Midlands 834071 Njombe-Mufindi Maize, Timber, Tea, Pyrethrum, and Employment 834072 Mtera Dam Fishing, Sorghum, and Sesame 834073 Makete Wheat, Irish Potato, Timber, and Employment Highlands 834074 Njombe-Mufindi Maize, Irish Potato, and Bean 834075 Iringa-Mbarali Maize, Sunflower, Beans, and Groundnut Belt 834076 Tunduru-Nachingwea-Nanyumbu Cashew, Cassava, and Paddy Lowlands 834077 Mpanda-Chunya-Sikonge Maize and Tobacco Lowlands 834078 Sumbawanga-Mbozi-Mpanda Maize, Sunflower, and Livestock 834098 Water 834099 Not Zoned 854001 South tubers and cereals 854002 Southwest fruits, cotton, and cereals 854003 West cotton and cereals 854004 West cereals and remittances 854005 Central plateau cereals and market gardening 854006 Ouagadougou peri-urban 854007 North and east livestock and cereals 854008 North transhumant pastoralism and millet 854009 Southeast cereals, livestock, forestry and faune 887001 Amran Rainfed Sorghum, Barley, Qat, and Livestock Zone 887002 Arabian Sea Coastal Irrigated Tropical Fruit, Fodder and Livestock Zone 887003 Central and Eastern Plateau Agro-Pastoral Zone 887004 Central and Eastern Wadi Palm, Wheat, Vegetable and Livestock Zone 887005 Central Highland Potato, Vegetable and Livestock Zone 887006 Eastern Plateau Sorghum, Millet and Livestock Zone 887007 Greater Yemen Coastal and Island Fishing Zone 887008 Northern and Eastern Desert Pastoral Zone 887009 Sa'adah Irrigated Wheat, Fruit, Vegetable, Qat, and Livestock Zone 887010 Western and Central Highland Qat, Grain, Fodder and Livestock Zone 887011 Western and Central Wadi Sorghum, Millet, Vegetable, Fruit and Livestock Zone 887012 Western Central Highland Coffee, Qat, Sorghum and Livestock Zone 887013 Western Central Highland Wheat, Sorghum, Qat, and Livestock Zone 887014 Western Coastal Plain Sorghum, Millet, and Livestock Zone 887015 Urban 894001 Zambezi Plain Rice, Livestock, and Fishing 894002 Southwestern Cereal, Livestock, and Timber 894003 Western and Northwestern Cassava, Maize, and Cattle 894004 Kaoma Smallholder Food Crop and Tobacco 894005 Northwestern Timber and Honey 894006 Solwezi and Kasempa Mining Labor and Agriculture 894007 Kafue Plain Maize, Cattle, and Fishing 894008 Commercial Rail Line Maize, Livestock, and Cotton 894009 Southern Plateau Cattle, Maize, and Tobacco 894010 Zambezi Valley Agro-fisheries 894011 Mkushi, Chisamba, and Mpongwe Commercial Farming Block 894012 Central Copperbelt Maize, Cassava, and Sweet Potato 894013 Copperbelt Labor and Trade 894014 Mkushi and Serenje Maize, Sweet Potato, and Horticulture 894015 Luangwa Valley Informal Mining, Fishing, and Hunting 894016 Eastern Plateau Maize, Cotton, and Groundnut 894017 Eastern Plateau Maize, Groundnut, Tobacco, and Trade 894018 Luangwa Valley Subsistence Farming, Hunting, and Tourism 894019 Northern Border Maize, Beans, Livestock, and Trade 894020 Muchinga, Northern, and Luapula Cassava, Groundnut, and Mill 894021 Mweru, Bangweulu, and Tanganyika Fisheries Social Variables -- TOPICS Proportion of land area used for agriculture (circa 2000) CROPLAND reports the proportion of land that is planted in crops, for a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The statistics reported in CROPLAND are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. CROPLAND is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. CROPLAND, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Proportion of land area used for pastureland (circa 2000) PASTURELAND reports the proportion of land that is used as pasture, for a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The pasture area statistics reported in PASTURELAND are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. PASTURELAND is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. PASTURELAND, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation monthly time-series PRECIP consists of a set of 72 separate variables. These variables report the average precipitation in millimeters, received within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, for the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, the month of the survey start date, and the 11 individual months following the survey start date. Note that "average" precipitation here refers to averaging the monthly precipitation values for the various subareas included in the buffer zone. By adding PRECIP to your data cart, you are in effect adding 72 separate variables for: the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, denoted by the number of months prior to the survey start date (e.g., PRECIP_01 is the average precipitation in the month before the survey start date; PRECIP_60 is the average precipitation in the 60th month before the survey start date); the month of the survey start date (PRECIP_00); the 11 individual months following the month of the survey start date, denoted by the number of months following the month of the survey start date (e.g., PRECIP_A01 is the average precipitation in the month following the month of the survey start date). The full set of monthly precipitation data, from January 1981 through August 2018, is available on the IPUMS-DHS contextual variables downloads [URL omitted from DDI.] page. Users can merge the precipitation data, available in csv format, with their IPUMS-DHS data extract to create average or total precipitation variables (e.g., average January precipitation, total 2017 precipitation), for the time frame suited to their research question. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 PRECIP available Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 60 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 59 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 58 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 57 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 56 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 55 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 54 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 53 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 52 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 51 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 50 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 49 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 48 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 47 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 46 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 45 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 44 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 43 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 42 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 41 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 40 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 39 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 38 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 37 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 36 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 35 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 34 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 33 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 32 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 31 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 30 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 29 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 28 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 27 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 26 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 25 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 24 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 23 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 22 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 21 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 20 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 19 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 18 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 17 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 16 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 15 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 14 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 13 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 12 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 11 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 10 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 9 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 8 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 7 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 6 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 5 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 4 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 3 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 2 months before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 1 month before survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation month of survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 1 month after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 2 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 3 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 4 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 5 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 6 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 7 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 8 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 9 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 10 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Precipitation 11 months after survey start date -0000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum monthly temperature TEMPMIN consists of a set of 72 separate variables reporting minimum monthly temperatures. These variables report the average minimum temperature in kelvin scale, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, for the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, the month of the survey start date, and the 11 individual months following the survey start date. Note that "average" minimum temperature here refers to averaging the minimum temperature values for the various subareas included in the buffer zone. By adding TEMPMIN to your data cart, you are in effect adding 72 separate variables for: the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, denoted by the number of months prior to the survey start date (e.g., TEMPMIN_01 is the average minimum temperature in the month before the survey start date; TEMPMIN _60 is the average minimum temperature in the 60th month before the survey start date) the month of the survey start date (TEMPMIN _00) the 11 individual months following the month of the survey start date, denoted by the number of months following the month of the survey start date (e.g., TEMPMIN_A01 is the average minimum temperature in the month following the month of the survey start date) The full set of monthly temperature data, from January 1980 through December 2016, is available on the IPUMS-DHS contextual variables downloads [URL omitted from DDI.] page. Users can merge the temperature data, available in csv format, with their IPUMS-DHS data extract to create average or total precipitation variables (e.g., average minimum January temperature), for the time frame suited to their research question. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 TEMPMAX available Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 60 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 59 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 58 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 57 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 56 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 55 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 54 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 53 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 52 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 51 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 50 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 49 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 48 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 47 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 46 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 45 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 44 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 43 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 42 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 41 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 40 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 39 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 38 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 37 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 36 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 35 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 34 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 33 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 32 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 31 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 30 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 29 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 28 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 27 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 26 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 25 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 24 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 23 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 22 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 21 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 20 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 19 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 18 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 17 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 16 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 15 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 14 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 13 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 12 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 11 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 10 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 9 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 8 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 7 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 6 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 5 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 4 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 3 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 2 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 1 month before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature month of survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 1 month after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 2 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 3 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 4 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 5 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 6 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 7 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 8 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 9 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 10 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average minimum temperature 11 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum monthly temperature TEMPMAX consists of a set of 72 separate variables reporting maximum monthly temperatures. These variables report the average maximum temperature in kelvin scale, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, for the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, the month of the survey start date, and the 11 individual months following the survey start date. Note that "average" maximum temperature here refers to averaging the maximum temperature values for the various subareas included in the buffer zone. By adding TEMPMAX to your data cart, you are in effect adding 72 separate variables for: the 60 individual months prior to the survey start date, denoted by the number of months prior to the survey start date (e.g., TEMPMAX_01 is the average maximum temperature in the month before the survey start date; TEMPMAX _60 is the average maximum temperature in the 60th month before the survey start date) the month of the survey start date (TEMPMAX _00) the 11 individual months following the month of the survey start date, denoted by the number of months following the month of the survey start date (e.g., TEMPMAX_A01 is the average maximum temperature in the month following the month of the survey start date). The full set of monthly temperature data, from January 1980 through December 2016, is available on the IPUMS-DHS contextual variables downloads [URL omitted from DDI.] page. Users can merge the temperature data, available in csv format, with their IPUMS-DHS data extract to create average or total precipitation variables (e.g., average maximum July temperature), for the time frame suited to their research question. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 TEMPMAX available Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 60 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 59 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 58 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 57 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 56 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 55 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 54 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 53 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 52 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 51 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 50 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 49 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 48 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 47 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 46 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 45 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 44 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 43 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 42 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 41 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 40 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 39 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 38 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 37 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 36 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 35 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 34 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 33 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 32 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 31 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 30 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 29 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 28 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 27 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 26 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 25 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 24 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 23 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 22 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 21 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 20 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 19 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 18 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 17 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 16 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 15 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 14 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 13 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 12 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 11 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 10 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 9 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 8 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 7 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 6 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 5 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 4 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 3 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 2 months before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 1 month before survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature month of survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 1 month after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 2 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 3 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 4 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 5 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 6 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 7 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 8 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 9 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 10 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Average maximum temperature 11 months after survey start date -000998 Missing Environmental Variables -- TOPICS Population density quinquennial time-series (2000-2020) POPDENSITY consists of a set of 5 separate variables. These variables report the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. By adding POPDENSITY to your data cart, you are in effect adding 5 separate variables (POPDENSITY_2000 - POPDENSITY_2020), one variable for each month. Values for POPDENSITY are based onÂ population projections from the results of the 2000 and 2010 rounds of censuses. POPDENSITY variables can be used as indicators of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, for greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. POPDENSITY, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 POPDENSITY available Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2000 POPDENSITY_2000 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2000. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2000 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2000 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2000 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2005 POPDENSITY_2005 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2005. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2005 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2005 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2005 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2010 POPDENSITY_2010 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2010. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2010 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2010 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2010 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2015 POPDENSITY_2015 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2015. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2015 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2015 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2015 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Population density 2020 POPDENSITY_2020 reports the population density - people per square kilometer of land area - within a 5 kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location, in 2020. The population density statistics are available for the following years: 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. POPDENSITY_2020 is available for every IPUMS-DHS sample with GPS data. POPDENSITY_2020 can be used as an indicator of urban versus rural status, with the cut-off levels for these categories decided by the researcher, and greater consistency in measurement than the DHS URBAN variable. Values for POPDENSITY_2020 are based on population projections from the results of the 2010 round of censuses, which occurred between 2005 and 2014. Please see the User Note on Using IPUMS-DHS Contextual Variables: POPDENSITY_2020 [URL omitted from DDI.] for more information about this variable, including data sources and methodology. This variable, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is based on sources outside The DHS Program, with values around DHS sample cluster points calculated by IPUMS-DHS staff. -000998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Battles annual time-series BATTLES consists of a set of 22 separate variables, each covering one year from 1997 to 2018. The variables report the number of days, within the specified year, in which battles occurred within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. By adding BATTLES to your data cart, you are in effect adding 22 separate variables (BATTLES_1997 to BATTLES_2018), one variable for each year. The 2018 data in IPUMS-DHS end on September 15, 2018. Data for BATTLES are obtained from the Armed Conflict Location and Event Data Project ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.], downloaded on September 15, 2018. According to ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.], data on BATTLES include: Battles with no change in territory (a battle between two violent armed groups where control of the contested location does not change); Battles in which a non-state actor overtakes territory (a battle where non-state actors win control of a location); Battles in which the government regains territory (a battle in which the government regains control of a location). Users should be aware that all three kinds of battles are included in the variable BATTLES. Also, ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.] data provide differing levels of "geo-precision" or locational accuracy. IPUMS-DHS includes all levels ofÂ locational accuracyÂ in its variable BATTLES. Please refer to ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.] for additional details on ACLED's procedures, methods of data collection, and data revision. BATTLES, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 BATTLES available Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 1997 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 1998 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 1999 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2000 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2001 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2002 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2003 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2004 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2005 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2006 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2007 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2008 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2009 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2010 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2011 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2012 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2013 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2014 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2015 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2016 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2017 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of battles in 2018 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Riots annual time-series RIOTS consists of a set of 22 separate variables, each covering one year from 1997 to 2018. The variables report the number of days, within the specified year, in which riots or protests occurred within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. By adding RIOTS to your data cart, you are in effect adding 22 separate variables (RIOTS_1997 to RIOTS_2018), one variable for each year. The 2018 data in IPUMS-DHS end on September 15, 2018. Data for RIOTS are obtained from the Armed Conflict Location and Event Data Project ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.], downloaded on September 15, 2018. The RIOTS variable counts incidents of organized demonstrations (against political entities, businesses, or private institutions) involving non-violent protestors or rioters (demonstrators employing violence), as well as spontaneous acts of violence by disorganized groups (targeting property or clashing with other groups or security institutions). Also, ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.] data provide differing levels of "geo-precision" or locational accuracy. IPUMS-DHS includes all levels of locational accuracy in its variable RIOTS. Please refer to ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.] for additional details on ACLED's procedures, methods of data collection, and data revision. RIOTS, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 RIOTS available Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 1997 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 1998 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 1999 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2000 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2001 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2002 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2003 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2004 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2005 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2006 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2007 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2008 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2009 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2010 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2011 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2012 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2013 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2014 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2015 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2016 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2017 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of riots in 2018 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Violence against civilians annual time-series CIV_VIOLENCE consists of a set of 22 separate variables, each covering one year from 1997 to 2018. The variables report the number of days, within the specified year, in which violence against civilians occurred within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. By adding CIV_VIOLENCE to your data cart, you are in effect adding 22 separate variables (CIV_VIOLENCE_1997 to CIV_VIOLENCE_2018), one variable for each year. The 2018 data in IPUMS-DHS end on September 15, 2018. Data for CIV_VIOLENCE are obtained from the Armed Conflict Location and Event Data Project ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.], downloaded on September 15, 2018. The Armed Conflict Location and Event Data Project (ACLED) defines violence against civilians as deliberate acts perpetrated by an organized political group (such as rebel, militia, or government forces) against unarmed non-combatants who are unable to defend themselves or engage in violence. Such conflicts harm or kill civilians, through events resulting in significant harm (e.g., bombing, shooting, torture, rape, mutilation) or accosting victims (kidnapping and disappearances); however, no fatalities are required for inclusion of the event. Events in which only property damage occurs or people are relocated without physical harm do not count as incidents of violence against civilians. ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.] data provide differing levels of "geo-precision" or locational accuracy. IPUMS-DHS includes all levels of locational accuracy in its variable CIV_VIOLENCE. Please refer to ACLED [URL omitted from DDI.] for additional details on their procedures, methods of data collection, and data revision. CIV_VIOLENCE, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. 1 CIV_VIOLENCE available Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 1997 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 1998 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 1999 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2000 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2001 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2002 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2003 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2004 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2005 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2006 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2007 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2008 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2009 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2010 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2011 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2012 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2013 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2014 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2015 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2016 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2017 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Number of acts of violence against civilians in 2018 -0998 Missing Social Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area barley (in 2000) BARLEY_H reports total harvested area dedicated to barley, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in BARLEY_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable BARLEY_P reports total crop production of barley, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. BARLEY_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area cassava (in 2000) CASSAVA_H reports total harvested area dedicated to cassava, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in CASSAVA_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable CASSAVA_P reports total crop production of cassava, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. CASSAVA_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area cotton (in 2000) COTTON_H reports total harvested area dedicated to cotton, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in COTTON_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable COTTON_P reports total crop production of cotton, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. COTTON_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area groundnuts (in 2000) GROUNDNUT_H reports total harvested area dedicated to groundnuts, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in GROUNDNUT_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable GROUNDNUT_P reports total crop production of groundnuts, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. GROUNDNUT_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area maize (in 2000) MAIZE_H reports total harvested area dedicated to maize, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in MAIZE_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable MAIZE_P reports total crop production of maize, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. MAIZE_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area millet (in 2000) MILLET_H reports total harvested area dedicated to millet, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in MILLET_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable MILLET_P reports total crop production of millet, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. MILLET_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area oilpalm (in 2000) OILPALM_H reports total harvested area dedicated to oil palm, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in OILPALM_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable OILPALM_P reports total crop production of oil palm, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. OILPALM_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area potatoes (in 2000) POTATO_H reports total harvested area dedicated to potatoes, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in POTATO_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable POTATO_P reports total crop production of potatoes, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. POTATO_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area rapeseed (in 2000) RAPESEED_H reports total harvested area dedicated to rapeseed, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in RAPESEED_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RAPESEED_P reports total crop production of rapeseed, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RAPESEED_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area rice (in 2000) RICE_H reports total harvested area dedicated to rice, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in RICE_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RICE_P reports total crop production of rice, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RICE_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area sorghum (in 2000) SORGHUM_H reports total harvested area dedicated to sorghum, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SORGHUM_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SORGHUM_P reports total crop production of sorghum, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SORGHUM_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area soybeans (in 2000) SOYBEAN_H reports total harvested area dedicated to soybeans, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SOYBEAN_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SOYBEAN_P reports total crop production of soybean, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SOYBEAN_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area sugarbeets (in 2000) SUGARBEET_H reports total harvested area dedicated to sugar beets, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SUGARBEET_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUGARBEET_P reports total crop production of sugar beets, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUGARBEET_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area sugarcane (in 2000) SUGARCANE_H reports total harvested area dedicated to sugar cane, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SUGARCANE_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUGARCANE_P reports total crop production of sugar cane, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUGARCANE_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area sunflowers (in 2000) SUNFLOWER_H reports total harvested area dedicated to sunflowers, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in SUNFLOWER_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUNFLOWER_P reports total crop production of sunflowers, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUNFLOWER_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area wheat (in 2000) WHEAT_H reports total harvested area dedicated to wheat, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in WHEAT_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable WHEAT_P reports total crop production of wheat, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. WHEAT_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Harvested area rye (in 2000) RYE_H reports total harvested area dedicated to rye, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilometer buffer around each DHS cluster location. The harvested area statistics reported in RYE_H are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RYE_P reports total crop production of rye, expressed in metric tons and measured in the year 2000, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RYE_H, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total barley production (in 2000) BARLEY_P reports the total crop production of barley, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in BARLEY_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable BARLEY_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to barley, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. BARLEY_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total cassava production (in 2000) CASSAVA_P reports the total crop production of cassava, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in CASSAVA_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable CASSAVA_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to cassava, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. CASSAVA_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total cotton production (in 2000) COTTON_P reports the total crop production of cotton, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in COTTON_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable COTTON_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to cotton, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. COTTON_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total groundnut production (in 2000) GROUNDNUT_P reports the total crop production of groundnuts, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in GROUNDNUT_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable GROUNDNUT_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to groundnuts, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. GROUNDNUT_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total maize production (in 2000) MAIZE_P reports the total crop production of maize, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in MAIZE_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable MAIZE_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to maize, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. MAIZE_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total millet production (in 2000) MILLET_P reports the total crop production of millet, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in MILLET_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable MILLET_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to millet, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. MILLET_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total oilpalm production (in 2000) OILPALM_P reports the total crop production of oil palm, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in OILPALM_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable OILPALM_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to oil palm, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. OILPALM_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total potato production (in 2000) POTATO_P reports the total crop production of potatoes, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in POTATO_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable POTATO_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to potatoes, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. POTATO_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total rapeseed production (in 2000) RAPESEED_P reports the total crop production of rapeseed, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in RAPESEED_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RAPESEED_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to rapeseed, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RAPESEED_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total rice production (in 2000) RICE_P reports the total crop production of rice, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in RICE_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RICE_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to rice, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RICE_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total sorghum production (in 2000) SORGHUM_P reports the total crop production of sorghum, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SORGHUM_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SORGHUM_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to sorghum, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SORGHUM_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total soybean production (in 2000) SOYBEAN_P reports the total crop production of soybeans, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SOYBEAN_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SOYBEAN_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to soybeans, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SOYBEAN_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total sugarbeet production (in 2000) SUGARBEET_P reports the total crop production of sugar beets, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SUGARBEET_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUGARBEET_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to sugar beets, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUGARBEET_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total sugarcane production (in 2000) SUGARCANE_P reports the total crop production of sugar cane, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SUGARCANE_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUGARCANE_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to sugar cane, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUGARCANE_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total sunflower production (in 2000) SUNFLOWER_P reports the total crop production of sunflowers, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in SUNFLOWER_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable SUNFLOWER_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to sunflowers, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. SUNFLOWER_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total wheat production (in 2000) WHEAT_P reports the total crop production of wheat, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in WHEAT_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable WHEAT_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to wheat, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. WHEAT_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS Total rye production (in 2000) RYE_P reports the total crop production of rye, expressed in metric tons, within a 10-kilometer circular buffer around each DHS cluster location. The crop production statistics reported in RYE_P are based on agricultural censuses and remotely sensed imagery circa 2000. The related variable RYE_H reports the total harvested area dedicated to rye, expressed in hectares, within a 10-kilmeter buffer around each DHS cluster location, as measured in the year 2000. For some samples, some or all clusters have values of 0 only for the harvested area devoted to a particular crop. A value of zero indicates that the crop is not grown in this place, or is grown in too miniscule amounts to track, due to custom or unsuitable climatic conditions. For example, almost no area in Canada is devoted to growing pineapples. RYE_P, like the other IPUMS-DHS contextual variables, is calculated and based on sources external to the DHS data. For more information on IPUMS-DHS contextual variables and how they are constructed, refer to the documentation [URL omitted from DDI.] on these variables. -00000998 Missing Agricultural Variables -- TOPICS